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In those circumstances, the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad (Administrative Court, Sofia) decided to stay the proceedings and to refer the following questions to the Court of Justice for a preliminary ruling: ‘(1) Does it follow from Article 78(1) and 78(2)(a), (d) and (f) [TFEU] and from recital 12 and Article 1 of Directive [2013/32] that the ground for the inadmissibility of applications for international protection provided for in Article 33(2)(e) of that directive constitutes a directly effective provision which the Member States may not disapply, for example by applying more favourable provisions of national law under which the initial application for international protection must be examined first from the point of view of whether the applicant fulfils the conditions for qualification as a refugee and then from the point of view of whether the person is eligible for subsidiary protection, in accordance with Article 10(2) of that directive? (2) Does it follow from Article 33(2)(e) of Directive [2013/32], read in conjunction with Article 7(3) and Article 2(a), (c) and (g) and recital 60 of that directive, that, in the circumstances of the main proceedings, an application for international protection lodged by a parent on behalf of an accompanied minor is inadmissible where the reason given for the application is that the child is a member of the family of a person who has applied for international protection on the ground that he is a refugee within the meaning of Article 1(A) of the Geneva Convention? (3) Does it follow from Article 33(2)(e) of Directive [2013/32], read in conjunction with Article 7(1) and Article 2(a), (c) and (g) and recital 60 of that directive, that, in the circumstances of the main proceedings, an application for international protection lodged on behalf of an adult is inadmissible where the only reason given for the application in the proceedings before the relevant administrative authority is that the applicant is a member of the family of a person who has applied for international protection on the ground that he is a refugee within the meaning of Article 1(A) of the Geneva Convention and, at the time of lodging the application, the applicant has no right to carry on an economic activity? (4) Does Article 4(4) of Directive [2011/95], read in conjunction with recital 36 of that directive, require that the assessment of whether there is a well-founded fear of persecution or a real risk of suffering serious harm be carried out solely on the basis of facts and circumstances relating to the applicant? (5) Does Article 4 of Directive [2011/95], read in conjunction with recital 36 thereof and Article 31(1) of Directive [2013/32], permit national case-law in a Member State which: (а) obliges the competent authority to assess applications for international protection lodged by members of a single family in a single procedure in cases where the applications are based on the same facts, specifically the asserted refugee status of only one of the family members; (b) obliges the competent authority to stay proceedings relating to applications for international protection lodged by family members who do not personally meet the conditions for such protection until the conclusion of proceedings on an application lodged by the family member on the ground that he or she is a refugee within the meaning of Article 1(A) of the Geneva Convention; and is that case-law also permissible in the light of considerations relating to the best interests of the child, maintaining the family unit and the right to privacy and family life and the right to remain in the Member State pending the assessment of the application, that is to say, in the light of Articles 7, 18 and 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, recitals 12 and 60 and Article 9 of Directive [2013/32], recitals 16, 18 and 36 and Article 23 of Directive [2011/95] and recitals 9, 11 and 35 and Articles 6 and 12 of Directive [2013/33]? (6) Does it follow from recitals 16, 18 and 36 and Article 3 of Directive [2011/95], read in conjunction with recital 24 and Article 2(d) and (j), Article 13 and Article 23(1) and (2) of that directive, that a provision of national law, such as Article 8(9) of the [ZUB], pursuant to which the family members of a foreign national who has been granted refugee status are also regarded as refugees in so far as that is compatible with their personal status and there are no reasons in national law for excluding the grant of refugee status, is permissible? (7) Does it follow from the rules relating to the reasons for persecution contained in Article 10 of Directive [2011/95] that the bringing of a complaint before the European Court of Human Rights against the State of origin of the person concerned establishes that person’s membership of a particular social group within the meaning of Article 10(1)(d) of that directive, or that the bringing of such a complaint is to be regarded as constituting a political opinion within the meaning of Article 10(1)(e) of the directive? (8) Does it follow from Article 46(3) of Directive [2013/32] that the court is obliged to examine the substance of new grounds for the grant of international protection which are put forward in the course of court proceedings but which were not indicated in the application challenging the decision refusing international protection? (9) Does it follow from Article 46(3) of Directive [2013/32] that the court is obliged to assess the admissibility of the application for international protection on the basis of Article 33(2)(e) of that directive in the court proceedings brought against the decision refusing international protection, in so far as, in reaching the contested decision, the application was, in accordance with Article 10(2) of that directive, assessed first from the point of view of whether the applicant met the conditions for qualification as a refugee and then from the point of view of whether that applicant was eligible for subsidiary protection?’