Judgment of the Court of 8 October 1974. - General Union of Personnel of European Organizations v Commission of the European Communities. - Case 18-74.



European Court reports 1974 Page 00933

Greek special edition Page 00425

Portuguese special edition Page 00443

Spanish special edition Page 00405

Swedish special edition Page 00351

Finnish special edition Page 00357



Summary

Parties

Subject of the case

Grounds

Decision on costs

Operative part



Keywords

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OFFICIALS - STAFF ASSOCIATIONS - CAPACITY AND ENTITLEMENT TO INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS - LIMITS

( EEC TREATY, ARTICLE 173 AND 179; STATUTE OF THE COURT, ARTICLE 37; STAFF REGULATIONS, ARTICLE 24A, 90 AND 91 )

Summary

THE FREEDOM OF TRADE UNION ACTIVITY RECOGNIZED UNDER ARTICLE 24A OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS MEANS NOT ONLY THAT OFFICIALS AND SERVANTS HAVE THE RIGHT WITHOUT HINDRANCE TO FORM ASSOCIATIONS OF THEIR OWN CHOOSING, BUT ALSO THAT THESE ASSOCIATIONS ARE FREE TO DO ANYTHING LAWFUL, ESPECIALLY BY USING THE RIGHT OF ACTION, TO PROTECT THE INTERESTS OF THEIR MEMBERS AS EMPLOYEES .

THUS A STAFF ASSOCIATION WHICH FULFILS THE REQUIRED CONDITIONS IS ENTITLED, BY VIRTUE OF THE SECOND PARAGRAPH OF ARTICLE 173 OF THE EEC TREATY, TO INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS FOR ANNULMENT AGAINST A DECISION ADDRESSED TO IT AND, UNDER THE CONDITIONS SET OUT IN ARTICLE 37 OF THE STATUTE OF THE COURT, TO INTERVENE IN DISPUTES SUBMITTED TO THE COURT .

ON THE OTHER HAND A DIRECT ACTION BY A STAFF ASSOCIATION CANNOT BE ENTERTAINED UNDER THE PROCEDURE OF COMPLAINT AND APPEAL ESTABLISHED BY ARTICLES 90 AND 91 OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS .

Parties

IN CASE 18/74

SYNDICAT GENERAL DU PERSONNEL DES ORGANISMES EUROPEENS, ( OFFICIAL ENGLISH TITLE : GENERAL UNION OF PERSONNEL OF EUROPEAN ORGANIZATIONS ) OF LUXEMBOURG, REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT M . METGE, ASSISTED BY R . BADINTER, ADVOCATE BEFORE THE COUR D'APPEL OF PARIS, WITH AN ADDRESS FOR SERVICE IN LUXEMBOURG AT THE CHAMBERS OF J . WELTER, 11 B, AVENUE DE LA PORTE-NEUVE, APPLICANT,

V

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, REPRESENTED BY ITS LEGAL ADVISER, J . GRIESMAR, WITH AN ADDRESS FOR SERVICE IN LUXEMBOURG AT THE OFFICE OF P . LAMOUREUX, LEGAL ADVISER OF THE COMMISSION, 4, BOULEVARD ROYAL, DEFENDANT,

Subject of the case

IN THE MATTER, AT THE PRESENT STAGE OF THE PROCEEDINGS, OF THE ADMISSIBILITY OF THE ACTION FOR ANNULMENT OF 'THE DECISION OF 21 SEPTEMBER 1973 IN WHICH THE COMMISSION ORDERED A DEDUCTION FROM THE SALARY FOR OCTOBER OR NOVEMBER 1973 OF OFFICIALS AND OTHER SERVANTS OF THE COMMISSION WHO TOOK PART IN THE STRIKES OF NOVEMBER AND DECEMBER 1972 '.

Grounds

1 BY APPLICATION SUBMITTED ON 6 MARCH 1974, THE GENERAL UNION OF PERSONNEL OF EUROPEAN ORGANIZATIONS ( OFFICIAL ENGLISH TITLE ) ASKED THE COURT TO ANNUL A DECISION OF THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ON 21 SEPTEMBER 1973 ARRANGING FOR A DEDUCTION TO BE MADE FROM THE SALARY OF OFFICIALS AND OTHER SERVANTS OF THE COMMISSION WHO TOOK PART IN THE STRIKES IN NOVEMBER AND DECEMBER 1972 .

2 THE APPLICATION WAS SUBMITTED UNDER ARTICLE 91 OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS AND ARTICLE 173 OF THE EEC TREATY BUT DURING THE COURSE OF PROCEEDINGS THE APPLICANT WITHDREW THE PLEA BASED ON THE TREATY .

3 BY WRITTEN SUBMISSION OF 5 APRIL 1974, THE DEFENDANT COMMISSION RAISED A PLEA OF INADMISSIBILITY AND ASKED THE COURT TO RULE ON IT WITHOUT ENTERING INTO THE MERITS .

4 THE COMMISSION CLAIMS, FIRSTLY, THAT THE APPLICANT UNION LACKS CAPACITY TO INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS .

5 UNDER ARTICLE 24 A OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS OFFICIALS ENJOY THE RIGHT OF ASSOCIATION AND, IN PARTICULAR, MAY BE MEMBERS OF TRADE UNIONS OR STAFF ASSOCIATIONS OF EUROPEAN OFFICIALS .

6 THE APPLICANT UNION IS AN ASSOCIATION ORGANIZING A SUBSTANTIAL NUMBER OF OFFICIALS AND SERVANTS OF THE COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS AND COMPONENT BODIES ESTABLISHED IN LUXEMBOURG AND THERE IS NO REASON TO DOUBT ITS REPRESENTATIVE CHARACTER .

7 UNDER ITS RULES, ITS CONSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE IS SUCH AS TO ENDOW IT WITH THE NECESSARY INDEPENDENCE TO ACT AS A RESPONSIBLE BODY IN LEGAL MATTERS .

8 THE COMMISSION OFFICIALLY RECOGNIZES IT AS A NEGOTIATING BODY ON QUESTIONS INVOLVING THE COLLECTIVE INTERESTS OF THE STAFF .

9 IT IS, THEREFORE, IMPOSSIBLE TO DENY THE APPLICANT UNION'S CAPACITY TO INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS .

10 UNDER THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LABOUR LAW, THE FREEDOM OF TRADE UNION ACTIVITY RECOGNIZED UNDER ARTICLE 24 A OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS MEANS NOT ONLY THAT OFFICIALS AND SERVANTS HAVE THE RIGHT WITHOUT HINDRANCE TO FORM ASSOCIATIONS OF THEIR OWN CHOOSING, BUT ALSO THAT THESE ASSOCIATIONS ARE FREE TO DO ANYTHING LAWFUL TO PROTECT THE INTERESTS OF THEIR MEMBERS AS EMPLOYEES .

11 THE RIGHT OF ACTION IS ONE OF THE MEANS AVAILABLE FOR USE BY THESE ASSOCIATIONS .

12 UNDER THE COMMUNITY LEGAL SYSTEM, HOWEVER, THE EXERCISE OF THIS RIGHT IS SUBJECT TO THE CONDITIONS DETERMINED BY THE SYSTEM OF FORMS OF ACTION PROVIDED FOR UNDER THE TREATIES ESTABLISHING THE COMMUNITIES .

13 THUS A STAFF ASSOCIATION WHICH FULFILS THESE CONDITIONS IS ENTITLED, BY VIRTUE OF THE SECOND PARAGRAPH OF ARTICLE 173 OF THE EEC TREATY, TO INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS FOR ANNULMENT AGAINST A DECISION ADDRESSED TO IT WITHIN THE MEANING OF THAT PROVISION .

14 ON THE OTHER HAND, THE BRINGING OF A DIRECT ACTION IS INADMISSIBLE UNDER THE ARRANGEMENTS PROVIDED UNDER ARTICLES 90 AND 91 OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS FOR PROCEEDINGS TO BE BROUGHT BEFORE THE COURT, INSOFAR AS THESE PROVISIONS GIVE EFFECT TO ARTICLE 179 OF THE EEC TREATY AND THE CORRESPONDING ARTICLES OF THE ECSC AND THE EAEC TREATIES .

15 THOUGH ARTICLE 179 IS AVAILABLE AS A BASIS ON WHICH ARRANGEMENTS MAY BE MADE FOR SETTLEMENT BY THE COURT OF COLLECTIVE AS WELL AS INDIVIDUAL DISPUTES BETWEEN THE COMMUNITY AND ITS SERVANTS, THIS DOES NOT ALTER THE FACT THAT THE PROCEDURE FOR COMPLAINT AND APPEAL ESTABLISHED BY ARTICLES 90 AND 91 OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS IS DESIGNED TO DEAL EXCLUSIVELY WITH INDIVIDUAL DISPUTES .

16 THIS MEANS THAT THE CHANNEL OF APPEAL PROVIDED FOR UNDER ARTICLE 91 IS AVAILABLE ONLY TO OFFICIALS OR SERVANTS .

17 UNDER THE SECOND PARAGRAPH OF ARTICLE 37 OF THE STATUTE OF THE COURT, THE RIGHT TO INTERVENE IS, ON THE OTHER HAND, OPEN TO ANY PERSON ESTABLISHING A LEGITIMATE INTEREST IN THE RESULT OF ANY CASE SUBMITTED TO THE COURT, INCLUDING THOSE COMING UNDER ARTICLE 91 OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS .

18 IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THIS CASE, THEREFORE, AS TO THE FACTS AND TO THE LAW, THE COURT HAS NO JURISDICTION TO ENTERTAIN A DIRECT ACTION BROUGHT BY A STAFF ASSOCIATION UNDER ARTICLE 91 OF THE STAFF REGULATIONS .

19 THE APPLICATION MUST THEREFORE BE DISMISSED AS INADMISSIBLE .

Decision on costs

20 BY ARTICLE 69 ( 2 ) OF THE RULES OF PROCEDURE, THE UNSUCCESSFUL PARTY SHALL BE ORDERED TO PAY THE COSTS .

21 IN VIEW, HOWEVER, OF THE GENERAL INTEREST OF THE ISSUE WHICH HAS BEEN RAISED, EACH PARTY SHOULD BEAR ITS OWN COSTS .

Operative part

ON THOSE GROUNDS,

THE COURT

HEREBY :

1 . DISMISSES THE APPLICATION AS INADMISSIBLE,

2 . ORDERS EACH PARTY TO BEAR ITS OWN COSTS .