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Paragraph 8 of the Bundesrahmentarifvertrag für das Baugewerbe (Federal collective framework agreement for the construction industry) of 4 July 2002, in the version applicable at the material time (‘the BRTV-Bau’), stipulates: ‘1. Entitlement to annual leave and duration of leave 1.1 A worker shall be entitled to 30 working days’ paid holiday in each calendar year (leave year). … 1.3 Saturdays shall not be regarded as working days. 1.4 The duration of leave shall be determined by the number of days of employment completed in firms in the construction industry. … 2. Calculation of the duration of leave … 2.2 A worker shall acquire an entitlement to one day of leave after every 12 — in the case of severely disabled persons after every 10.3 — days of employment. 2.3 Days of employment shall include all calendar days on which an employment relationship exists in firms in the construction industry during the leave year. They shall exclude days on which the worker is absent from work without authorisation and days of unpaid leave where the latter’s duration is longer than 14 days. … 4. Remuneration for annual leave 4.1 For annual leave pursuant to point 1, a worker shall receive remuneration for annual leave. The remuneration for annual leave shall amount to 14.25% of the gross wage or 16.63% for severely disabled persons within the meaning of the statutory provisions. The remuneration for annual leave shall consist of the statutory payment for annual leave of 11.4% of the gross wage — 13.3% for severely disabled persons — and additional holiday pay. Additional holiday pay shall amount to 25% of the statutory payment for annual leave. It may be credited against additional holiday pay granted by the company. … 4.2 “Gross wage” means: (a) the gross pay on which the calculation of income tax is based and which is entered in the income tax statement, including remuneration in kind not taxed at a flat rate pursuant to Paragraph 40 of the Einkommensteuergesetz (Law on income tax), … The gross wage shall not include the collectively agreed 13th month pay or company payments having the same character (for example Christmas bonus and annual bonus), allowances in lieu of leave pursuant to point 6 or settlements paid in respect of the termination of the employment relationship. … 4.3 The remuneration for annual leave in respect of partially claimed annual leave shall be calculated by dividing the remuneration for annual leave determined pursuant to point 4.1 by the total number of days of leave determined pursuant to point 2 and multiplying it by the number of days of leave claimed. … 4.5 At the end of the leave year, residual entitlements to remuneration for annual leave shall be carried over to the following calendar year. 5. Minimum remuneration for annual leave 5.1 For each hour lost by reason of non-culpable incapacity for work as a result of sickness, for which there was no wage entitlement, the remuneration for annual leave determined pursuant to point 4.1 shall be increased by 14.25% of the gross wage last notified pursuant to point 1 of the first sentence of Paragraph 6(1) of the [Tarifvertrag über das Sozialkassenverfahren im Baugewerbe (Collective agreement on social fund procedures in the construction industry; ‘the VTV’)]. 5.2 For each hour lost in the period from 1 December to 31 March for which the worker receives seasonal short-time working allowance, the remuneration for annual leave determined pursuant to point 4.1 shall be increased, after the end of that period, by 14.25% of the gross wage last notified pursuant to point 1 of the first sentence of Paragraph 6(1) of the VTV. The first 90 hours lost in receipt of seasonal short-time working allowance shall be disregarded. …’