COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
C0M(90) 164 final - SYN 269 
Brussels, 28 May 1990 
.'! .-Proposal for a 
COUNCIL DECISION 
adopting a specific research and technological development 
programme in the field of non-nuclear energies 
(1990-1994) 
(presented by the Commission) 
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CONTENTS 
Pafle 
Proposal for a Council Decision adopting a 
specific research and technological development 
programme In the field of non-nuclear energies 
(1990-1994) 
ANNEX I 
Scientific and technical objectives and content 11 
ANNEX I I 
Indicative breakdown of expenditures 19 
ANNEX I I I 
Rules for implementing the programme and activities 
for dissemination and exploitation of the results 20 
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Proposal for a 
COUNCIL DECISION 
adopting a specific research and technological development 
programme in the field of non-nuclear energies 
(1990-94) 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic 
Community, and in particular Article 130q (2) thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,<1) 
In cooperation with the European Par Iiament,<2) 
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee,^3^ 
(1) OJ No C 
(2) OJ No C 
(3) OJ No C 
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Whereas by its Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC(4), the Council adopted a 
third framework programme for Community activities in the field of 
research and technological development (1990-94), specifying inter alia 
the activities to be pursued for developing the scientific knowledge 
and technical know-how needed by the Community, in particular in the 
field of non-nuclear energies; whereas this Decision should be taken in 
the light of the grounds set out in the preamble to that Decision; 
Whereas Article 130k of the Treaty stipulates that the framework 
programme is to be implemented through specific programmes developed 
wi thin each act iv i ty; 
Whereas an estimate should be made of the amount of Community financial 
resources needed to carry out this specific programme; whereas the 
definitive amounts will be fixed by the budgetary authority in line 
with the financial perspectives covering the period 1988-1992 included 
in the Inter inst itut ional Agreement of 29 June 1988(5) and with any 
future financial perspectives covering the period 1993-1994-, 
Whereas, pursuant to Article 4 and Annex I of Decision 
90/221/Euratom, EEC, the amount deemed necessary for the whole 
framework programme includes an amount of 57 million ecus for the 
centralized dissemination and exploitation of results, to be divided up 
in proportion to the amount envisaged for each activity; whereas in 
view of the importance of this specific programme within the "Energy" 
action the estimate of the financial resources needed by this programme 
is to be reduced by 1.57 million ecus, which amount is to be allocated 
to the centralized activities, in order to comply with the second 
sentence of Article 130p(2) of the Treaty; 
(4) OJ No L 117, 8.5.1990, p.28. 
(5) OJ No L 185, 15.7.1988, p.33 
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Whereas this programme must be implemented by the Commission; whereas 
to help accomplish this, the Member States are bound, pursuant to 
Article 5 of the Treaty, to facilitate the achievement of its tasks 
where necessary, notably within a committee-, 
Whereas this programme must be implemented essentially by the selection 
of research and development projects to enable them to benefit from 
Community participation; whereas the Commission should encourage the 
submission of such projects by the usual means of publishing calls for 
proposals in the Official Journal; whereas a special procedure should 
also be devised so as to maintain a degree of flexibility enabling the 
Commission, in the face of the continuous evolution and gradual 
acceleration of technological progress, also to take into consideration 
spontaneous proposals consistent with the objectives of the programme; 
Whereas the projects to be carried out under the programme must be 
selected with special attention to the principle of economic and social 
cohesion in the Community, the transnational nature of the projects and 
the support to be given to small and medium-sized enterprises; 
Whereas it is only in the light of experience gathered in the course of 
this programme that the Commission will be able to propose and the 
Council to adopt supplementary programmes by having recourse to the 
means provided for in Articles 1301, 130m or 130o of the Treaty, if 
they contribute to the achievement of the programme's objectives, in 
accordance with the option made available by Article 2(2) of Decision 
90/221/Euratom, EEC; 
Whereas, in accordance with Article 130g of the Treaty, the Community's 
activities aimed at strengthening the scientific and technological 
basis of European industry and encouraging It to become more 
competitive include promoting cooperation on research and technological 
development with third countries and international organizations; 
- such cooperation may prove particularly beneficial for the 
jnt of this programme; 
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Whereas it is necessary, as Annex II to Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC, 
provides, to contribute to the development of new energy options that 
are both economically viable and more environmentally friendly; 
Whereas the Scientific and Technical Research Committee (CREST) has 
been consulted, 
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HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION: 
Article 1 
A specific research and technological development programme for the 
European Economic Community in the field of non-nuclear energies, as 
defined in Annex I, is hereby adopted for a period of five years as 
from 1 January 1990. 
Art icle 2 
1. The Community funds estimated as necessary for the execution of the 
programme under this Decision amount to 157 million ecus. Of this 
amount 1.57 million ecus is drawn for the centralized dissemination 
and exploitation of results. The amount thus reduced to 155.43 
million ecus includes staff costs which may not exceed 7%. An 
indicative breakdown of expenditure is set out in Annex II. 
2. Should the Council take a decision in implementation of Article 
1(4) of Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC, this Decision shall be 
adapted to take account of the above-mentioned decision. 
3. The budgetary authority shall decide on the appropriations 
available for each financial year. 
Art icle 3 
Rules for the implementation of the programme are set out in Annex III. 
Article 4 
The rate of the Community financial contribution shall be laid down in 
accordance with Annex IV to Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC. 
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Article 5 
1. During 1992 the Commission shall review the programme and address a 
report on the results of the review to the Council and the European 
Parliament, together with proposals for any necessary changes. 
2. At the end of the programme the Commission shall assess the results 
obtained. It shall address a report thereon to the Council and the 
European Parliament. 
3. The reports shall be drawn up having regard to the objectives set 
out in Annex I to this Decision and in accordance with Article 2(4) 
of Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC. 
Art icle 6 
1. The Commission shall be responsible for the execution of the 
programme. It shall be assisted by an advisory Committee, 
hereinafter referred to as "the Committee", composed of 
representatives of the Member States and chaired by a 
representative of the Commission. 
2. The contracts concluded by the Commission shall govern the rights 
and obligations of each party, including the procedures for 
disseminating, protecting and exploiting the research results, in 
accordance with the arrangements adopted pursuant to the second 
paragraph of Article 130k of the Treaty. 
3. A work programme for each year shall be drawn up and updated where 
necessary. It shall set out the detailed objectives and types of 
projects to be undertaken, and the financial arrangements to be 
made for them. The Commission shall make calls for proposals for 
projects on the basis of the annual work programmes. 
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Article 7 
1. In the cases referred to in Article 8(1), the representative of the 
Commission shall submit to the Committee a draft of the measures to 
be taken. The Committee shall deliver its opinion on this within a 
time limit which the Chairman may set in accordance with the 
urgency of the matter, if necessary by holding a vote. 
2. The opinion shall be entered in the minutes; in addition, each 
Member State shall have the right to ask for Its position to appear 
in the minutes. 
3. The Commission shall take the fullest account of the opinion 
delivered by the Committee. It shall inform the Committee of the 
way in which it has taken account of the opinion. 
Article 8 
1. The procedure laid down in Article 7 shall apply to: 
the preparation and updating of the work programmes referred to 
in Article 6(3); 
evaluation of the projects referred to in point 2 of Annex III, 
as well as the estimated amount of the Community's financial 
contribution when these projects are submitted through the 
ordinary procedure referred to in point 4 of Annex III and the 
abovementioned amount is more than 5 million ecus; 
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evaluation of all projects submitted through the exceptional 
procedure referred to in point 4 of Annex III, as well as the 
estimated amount of the Community's financial contribution; 
measures for evaluating the programme. 
2. The Commission may consult the Committee on any matter falling 
within the scope of the programme. 
3. The Commission shall inform the Committee with regard to; 
the progress of the programme; 
draft calls for proposals, referred to in Article 6(3); 
projects, referred to in point 2 of Annex III, submitted 
through the ordinary procedure, for which the Community 
contribution is less than 5 million ecus, and the results of 
their evaluation; 
accompanying measures, referred to in point 2 of Annex III; 
concerted actions, referred to in point 2 of Annex III. 
Article 9 
In Implementing this programme, supplementary programmes within the 
meaning of Article 1301, participation within the meaning of 
Article 130m and joint undertakings or any other structures within the 
meaning of Article 130o of the Treaty may also be decided on as the 
need ar ises. 
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Article 10 
Where cooperation with third countries and international organisations 
aiming at achieving the objectives of this programme requires legal 
undertakings between the Community and the third parties concerned, the 
Commission shall be authorized to negotiate, in accordance with Article 
130n of the Treaty, international agreements laying down the terms of 
such cooperation. 
Decisions on the conclusion of such agreements shall be adopted in 
accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 130q (2) of the 
Treaty. 
Article 11 
This Decision is addressed to the Member States. 
Done at , For the Counci I , 
The President 
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Annex I 
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL OBJECTIVES AND CONTENT 
This specific programme fully reflects the approach embodied in the Third Framework 
Programme in terms of the scientific and technical goals and the underlying aims which 
it pursues. 
Paragraph 5A of Annex II of the framework programme forms an integral part of the 
present specific programme. 
Research into modelling is a horizontal research area which will be carried out to 
enable technological strategies to be assessed. 
The following presents an analytical description of the content of the programme, based 
on and taking account of the above elements. 
Area 1. Analysis of strategies and modelling 
The aim of the modelling activities is to define energy R&D strategies and to analyse 
national or Community policies dealing with energy and environment. The programme 
will expand the existing capacity to elaborate energy forecasts and evaluate energy 
policies by introducing the new environment and internal market dimensions. It will 
develop new concepts not envisaged or inadequately covered by previous activities. 
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Analysis of strategies 
Models will be used to assess the strategic role of energy efficiency at demand and 
supply level and renewables towards a reduction of the damaging effect of energy 
production and utilization on the environment, emphasis being put on greenhouse gas 
emissions, in particular C02. Energy policy options taking into account different 
scenarios of C02 constraints will be made available. 
Development of new methods 
This task will consist of conceptual research to account for the impact of the internal 
market on the energy system, for the social constraints involved in policy decision 
making, for the treatment of uncertainty and for the economic impact of the policies 
modelled. New working tools will be tested and made operational for the analysis of 
strategies. 
Area 2. Minimum emission power production from fossil sources 
This research aims at reducing the adverse effects on the environment from the 
widespread use of fossil fuels. The following two main lines of activities are planned, 
involving experimental work from the outset in the fields of advanced technologies for 
energy production and in fixation of COz. Technico-economic evaluation of the several 
possible routes will be performed in parallel with development of geophysical methods 
and tools. On the basis of the outcome of these technico-economic evaluations, further 
experimental work will be performed on the more promising high efficiency power 
producing systems with C02 capture and on C02 disposal. 
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Energy production from fossil sources using advanced technologies 
The objective is to increase the efficiency of energy production from fossil sources, by 
means of advanced technologies. The work will establish the technical feasibility and 
the costs - cost per unit kWh produced, capital cost - of these advanced technologies. 
The work will contribute to the development of high-efficiency multicycle conversion 
systems for electricity production from fossil fuels with a potential efficiency of 50% or 
more, as compared to the present 38% level, in order to reduce C02 emissions per kWh 
produced and to compensate for energy losses and expenses related to minimum 
emission measures. For this purpose the development of fossil fuel combustion with 
oxygen and C02 recirculation will be studied because of its potential impact on efficiency 
and on the limitation of emissions. 
Reduction of emissions 
The objective is to reduce emissions through the capture and stable disposal of 
pollutants. This work comprises two elements: first, technico-economic evaluations and 
related engineering studies for minimizing emissions in fossil fuelled power production 
systems and in methanol and hydrogen production from fossil fuels. This work could also 
be relevant to R&D on catalysts which are used to reduce emissions from fossil fuelled 
power stations and from oil refineries. Second, the development of safe and stable 
geological disposal for C02 in new reservoirs, as well as in spent or operating oil and gas 
fields. This will entail research on the interaction of C02 with mineral materials in the 
geological sites. COz storage in the ocean depth will also be studied. In support to this 
part of the programme, advanced geophysical methods and tools will be developed for 
C02 storage assessment, hydrocarbons prospection and reservoir engineering. Scrubbing, 
absorption or other methods to separate C02 from flue gases with subsequent fixation 
of C02 will also be studied. 
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Area 3. Renewable energy sources 
The aim is to accelerate technological readiness and to prepare for early market 
integration of all the most promising technical options. Within a global systems 
approach, particular objectives are to increase the conversion efficiency of solar, wind, 
hydraulic, biomass and geothermal systems, decrease their costs and improve their 
attractiveness to developers, industry and consumers. 
The solar house 
The objective is to contribute to solar design concepts and photovoltaic integration for 
new and old dwellings and buildings. Research will aim at maximizing the use of solar 
radiation and ambient heat for heating and power in such buildings, offering improved 
living and/or working conditions to the occupants, and employing modular and cost-
effective building elements. 
Emphasis will be on the further development of solar components, heat storage devices 
and concepts, and the development and integration of photovoltaic cells and modules. 
Design concepts and pilot systems will be developed as part of a broad attempt to 
stimulate solar architecture in new and retrofitted buildings and the utilization of new 
technologies in architecture at large. 
Renewable power plants 
The objective is to develop renewable energies for future large scale applications in 
electric utility systems, such as the development of grid-connected solar power plants, 
wind generators, wave power systems, tidal power schemes and small hydro power 
systems, including environmentally acceptable storage and back-up systems e.g. solar 
hydrogen and power from biofuels. 
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Research will be carried out on the optimisation in size and technology of large wind 
generators, in order to effect further cost reduction. This will include work on new 
materials and components e.g. composite blades, design criteria and eventually a set of 
new pilot systems. 
Research aimed at optimising grid-connected photovoltaic systems and the associated 
components will be carried out. Emphasis will be on further improvement of the 
efficiency and cost of solar cells. Work on solar thermal power, wave power and tidal 
schemes will be limited to studies and exploratory research. Analysis work will be 
devoted to the combined use of the various renewable power systems in future utility 
systems. 
Renewable energies for rural electricity, local fuel and water 
The objective is, for electricity and water, to provide an integrated approach to rural 
development. This will concern stand-alone rural power systems employing photovoltaics 
and wind (electrification of remote houses and new agro-industrial enterprises, solar 
water pumps, solar sea water desalination, etc.). The development of electricity storage 
devices will be a particularly important feature for such off-grid systems. For local fuels, 
the use of locally produced biomass residues and energy crops in cost-effective and 
environment friendly energy generation systems, on-site or for local networks, will be 
further developed. An important aspect will be the combined use of these systems and 
integration with other renewables. In particular, the needs of rural zones e.g. in the 
Mediterranean member countries of the Community and of some developing countries 
will be taken into consideration. 
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Geothermal energy 
The main objective is the selection of a test site and the subsequent development of a 
single European prototype hot dry rock system; following site selection, the major task 
will be the creation and management of an artificial reservoir based on the pattern of 
natural fractures in the basement rock. Scientific studies will focus on fracture location, 
reservoir development and management and water-rock interactions. 
Corrosion and scaling in conventional high- and low-enthalpy geothermal systems will 
also be studied, as will problems related to the reinjection of used fluids, with the 
objective of widening the availability of suitable geothermal resources. 
In addition, the deep geology of Europe will be studied in order to obtain a better 
understanding of the processes which have led to the development of geothermal and 
hydrocarbon reservoirs. New techniques of seismic wave generation and processing will 
be tested. 
Area 4. Energy utilization and conservation 
New options in energy conversion 
The general aim is to develop highly efficient and clean electrochemical energy 
conversion systems for electricity generation, cogeneration, hydrogen and methanol 
production, transport and industrial electrochemical reactors. 
As regards large fuel cells for electricity production, cogeneration and ship engines, the 
long term goal is the development of MW size solid oxide (SOFC) and molten carbonate 
(MCFC) fuel cell plants fired by oil, gas or coal. The objective is to develop fuel cell 
plants which, compared with conventional systems, bring about energy savings of 30 to 
40% and a 10-100 times lower pollution. Targets are the development of a 20 kW 
SOFC prototype plant as a part of a plan aiming at 200 kW cogeneration units for 
industry in 1997, and the development of internal and external reforming MCFC 
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prototype plants of 10 and 100 kW respectively. 
Small 20-50 kW methanol and hydrogen fuel cells will be developed for small scale 
electricity production and transport. 
Research will also be carried out on clean and energy saving production of hydrogen 
and methanol with SOFC based technologies, aiming at 40% electricity savings in the 
case of hydrogen. Industrial electrochemical reactors for production of chemical 
compounds by electrolysis and oxidation will also be considered. 
Technologies for energy saving 
The goal is to develop and improve technologies which are expected to have a major 
impact on heat and electricity savings and on a reduction of pollution. These technologies 
should lead to energy savings of 20 -25% in new equipment, buildings and processes. 
Current work on energy saving in industry has allowed new goals to be determined. In 
particular, process intensification and process integration will be extended to include 
environmental aspects. As a result the following priorities have been established in close 
collaboration with industry: unit operations e.g. heat exchangers, process intensification, 
chemical reactors; process integration leading to energy saving and decreased pollution; 
energy conversion equipment such as catalytic combustion, industrial high temperature 
heat pumps for heating and refrigeration, addressing also the problem of CFC 
substitutes; electricity saving. 
Research on energy saving in buildings will include passive cooling, aiming at reducing 
the electricity demand for cooling, in particular for southern European countries. New 
daylighting techniques will be developed to reduce lighting and cooling requirements. 
Work on heat pumps will in future be focused on integration of catalytic combustors 
and cheap compact heat exchangers. Aerogel research will be extended to the 
development of "smart transparent foam" windows. Air management systems in buildings 
will also be considered. New energy saving design systems will be developed to provide 
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architects with tools to introduce energy saving techniques in the building sector and 
urban planning. 
Energy efficiency in transport including suitable substitutes for conventional fuels 
The aim is to develop advanced technologies which can lead to highly efficient and 
clean transport. This area, which will involve the participation of industry, deals with 
short, medium and long term research and includes both combustion engines and fuel 
cell and battery driven electric vehicles. It is complementary to transport activities carried 
out in the Industrial and Materials Technologies programmes. 
As a follow-up to past work on the optimization of combustion engines, research will 
include: advanced petrol engines such as lean burn, two stroke and stratified charge 
engines; catalyst exhaust systems and their integration and optimization with the engine; 
continued basic combustion research; internal combustion engines using clean fuels 
(hydrogen, methanol, compressed natural gas (CNG), fuels from biomass). Research on 
Diesel engines will be focused on energy efficiency and on the reduction of soot and 
particulate formation to levels which will be required in the future. (Follow-up to IDEA -
Integrated Diesel European Action). 
Research on hydrogen fuelled polymer fuel cells and their integration in electric vehicles 
aims at achieving efficiencies of 60-65% (3-4 times better than petrol engines). In order 
to allow the use of methanol and methane in such electric vehicles, compact and cheap 
methanol and methane reformers will be developed. Another research route will aim at 
the use of fuel cells which directly oxidize methanol while not requiring a reformer. 
Work will be focused on scaling up to lkWh by 1994. 
Research will aim at scaling up new solid Li batteries with polymer electrolytes to 20 
kWh and at their integration into electric vehicles, in order to achieve a range of 300 
km on one charge. 
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Annex II 
INDICATIVE BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES 
in %, for the period 1990-1994 
Area 1. Analysis of strategies and modelling 5-7 
Area 2. Minimum emission power production from fossil sources 20 - 30 
Area 3. Renewable energy sources 30 - 40 
Area 4. Energy utilization and conservation 30 - 40 
The breakdown between different areas does not exclude the possibility that projects 
could cover several areas. 
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Annex III 
Rules for Implementing the Programme 
and Activities for Dissemination and Exploitation of the Results 
1. The Commission shall implement the programme on the basis of the 
scientific and technical content described in Annex I. 
2. The rules for implementing the programme, referred to In Article 3, 
comprise research and technological development projects, 
accompanying measures and concerted actions. 
The projects shall be the subject of shared-cost research and 
technological development contracts. 
The accompanying measures consist of applying the means to ensure 
proper technical execution, management and evaluation of the 
programme, as well as adequate dissemination and accessibility of 
the results, and coordination, training and consciousness-raising 
of the participants in the programme. 
The concerted actions are those defined in the Financial 
Regulation. 
3. The participants in the projects must be natural or legal persons 
established in the Community, such as universities, research 
organizations and industrial firms, including small and medium-
sized enterprises, or associations thereof, in particular European 
Economic Interest Groupings (EElGs). 
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Natural or legal persons established In countries which have 
concluded agreements with the Community foreseeing scientific and 
technical research, may, based on the criterion of mutual 
advantage, take part in the projects undertaken in the context of 
this programme. The contracting parties under such arrangements 
shall not benefit from Community funding. They shall contribute to 
the general administrative costs. 
4. The choice of projects shall be carried out according to the 
following order of priority, the first method being the rule, the 
second the exception: 
The participants in the projects shall be selected on the basis of 
the ordinary procedure of calls for proposals referred to In 
Article 6 (3) and published in the Official Journal of the European 
Commun it les. 
The Commission may also accept proposals according to an 
exceptional procedure and under the conditions mentioned below, 
when they make a particularly promising and significant 
contribution as regards the originality of the theme proposed, the 
novelty of the scientific and technical approach and the 
methodology of execution, also taking into account the particular 
nature of the proposers. 
A favourable technical evaluation of such proposals shall not by 
itself be a sufficient justification for accepting a project; this 
exceptional procedure may only apply after verification that the 
nature of the project, as defined above, does not Justify the use 
of the normal procedure for calls for proposals. 
The exceptional procedure must be completed before the ordinary 
procedure in such a way that the available amount for the 
Community's financial participation in projects retained by the 
ordinary procedure can be determined precisely. The closing date 
for the exceptional procedure shall be published each year In the 
Official Journal. 
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The amount of the financial participation of the Community for all 
the projects retained by the exceptional procedure will be decided 
each year, in relation to the projects selected according to 
particularly strict criteria of excellence. In any case, this 
amount may not exceed 15%; it may be revised each year in the light 
of experience. 
The Commission shall draw up a vade mecum setting out all the rules 
applicable to this exceptional procedure In order to guarantee full 
transparency. 
5. The projects must provide for participation by at least two 
mutually independent partners established in different Member 
States. 
6. The Commission may encourage the participants to form a European 
Economic Interest Grouping (EEIG) or make other arrangements for 
carrying out projects, such as those on a large scale, permitting 
decentralized management adapted to the specific requirements of 
the project. 
7. The knowledge acquired during the course of the projects shall be 
disseminated on the one hand within the specific programme and on 
the other hand by means of a centralized activity, pursuant to the 
decision referred to in the third paragraph of Article 4 in 
Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC. 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
1. BUDGET HEADING AND TITLE 
Part B of the general budget 
Subsection 6, Item 6231 
Specific research and technological development programme in the field of Non-
nuclear energies (1990 - 1994V 
2. LEGAL BASE 
Article 130 Q(2) of the Treaty. 
3. OBJECTIVES AND DESCRIPTION 
See Annex I of the proposal. 
4. FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS 
Amounts in ECU million: 
Programme implementation 155.43 
Centralised action for dissemination 
and exploitation 1.57 
TOTAL 157.00 
The indicative operational breakdown of the ECU 155.43 million for the programme 
implementation is given in Annex II of the proposal. 
Indicative multiannual schedules: 
1990 1991 1992 1993 19941 TOTAL 
Commitments - 38 32.29 65 20.14 155.43 
Payments -- 16 32 45 62.43 155.43 
The definitive yearly amounts will be determined by the budgetary authority in 
accordance with the financial perspectives for the period 1990-1992 (annexed to the 
Interinstitutional Agreement of 29 June 1984) and with subsequent financial 
perspectives which may be adopted for 1993 and 1994. 
5. STAFF AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE 
In addition to the principal means of action which are contracts (annex III), the above 
amounts include programme-related staff and administrative expenditure estimated at 
no more than 18 MioECUS. 
The expenditure on staff will not exceed 7% of the amount deemed necessary for the 
programme implementation. This implies a maximum of 36 statutory posts (A, B and/or 
C) at any given time during the life of the programme. The infrastructure costs related 
to statutory staff will be borne by Part A of the budget. 
6. IMPLICATIONS FOR REVENUE 
The contributions by third country contractors towards the cost of administration of the 
programme will be reused pursuant to articles 27.2 and 96 of the Financial Regulation2. 
1 for the payment appropriations: 1994 and beyond 
2 Financial Regulation of 21 December 1977, as last amended by Regulation 
610/90 of March 1990 
7. TYPES OF CONTROL 
Control will be exercised by: 
- the Programme Management Committee (scientific control); 
- the services of the DG reponsible for the execution of the programme, possibly 
assisted by independent experts; 
- the Commission's Financial Controller. 
In accordance with Article 2 of the Financial Regulation2, the use of appropriations will 
be subject to analyses of cost-effectiveness and the realisaiton of quantified objectives 
will be monitored. 
External audit may be carried out by the Court of Auditors in accordance with the 
Treaty. 
Financial Regulation of 21 December 1977, as last amended by Regulation 
610/90 of March 1990 
HCHK DK l/IMPACr 
SUR IA COMPETITIVITE FT l/EMPl.Ol 
1. Justification en faveur de la proposition 
La proposition de programme est soumise pour la mise en oeuvre de la partie "Energies 
non nucléaires" du troisième programme cadre pour des actions communautaires de 
recherche et de développement technologique (1990-1994). 
Un des objectifs du programme est de contribuer à l'amélioration de la capacité et de 
la compétitivité des industries de la Communauté dans le domaine des techniques et dts 
technologies énergétiques. 
2. Caractéristiques des entreprises concernées 
La participation au programme est d'autant plus largement ouverte au secteur industriel 
que le développement de certaines technologies est plus de la compétence des industries 
- y compris' les PME - que du ressort des universités et des centres de recherche. Une 
combinaison de ces différentes entités est d'ailleurs recherchée pour l'exécution de 
projets spécifiques qui constituent le programme. Les entreprises peuvent être de toute 
nature et de toutes dimensions, y compris les petites et moyennes entreprises. Leurs 
intérêts résideront principalement dans le développement de technologies, procédés, 
composants et équipements nouveaux ou améliorés en matière d'énergies fossiles et 
renouvelables et d'utilisation et maîtrise de l'énergie. 
3. Obligations imposées directement aux entreprises 
M s'agit des mêmes obligations qui sont imposées à tous les institutions participant au 
programme, à savoir: conformité de la recherche proposée à l'annexe technique du 
programme, partage des frais (en règle générale à 50%), coopération transnationale, 
libre accès des sites aux agents de la Commission, participation à des séminaires et à 
des réunions de contractants organisés par la Commission, rapports annuels d'activités 
et des résultats. 
4. Obligations indirectes susceptibles d'être imposées aux entreprises par les autorités 
nationales, régionales ou locales 
Aucunes. 
5. Dispositions relatives aux PME 
Pour la mise en oeuvre du présent programme, l'exécution de projets innovatifs de 
petites et moyennes entreprises sera encouragé plus particulièrement. Souvent incapables 
d'entreprendre à elles seules de longues et difficiles recherches, ces entreprises 
dépendent des résultats de la recherche-développement financée en partie par des fonds 
publics. 
La dissémination de l'information relative aux résultats de la recherche et du 
développement, et tout particulièrement à l'intention des PME, sera mise au premier 
rang des priorités. 
s frtcidcna probable sur: 
a) la comj -titiviié des entreprises 
Ce prograt me ne devrait pas avoir d'effet immédiat sur la compétitivité des 
entreprises Toutefois, il pourrait avoir divers effets à court et moyen termes et de 
nombreux effets à long terme - voir point 1. 
b) Temp' >i 
Les ré oltats des recherches couvertes par le programme et le stade de 
l'indus ialisation relèvent du moyen et long termes de sorte que les effets sur 
Tempi i sont difficiles à estimer sauf en ce qui concerne le maintien ou l'embauche 
du personnel de recherche directement impliqué. 
7. Cons îltations des organisations représentatives 
Le Cor é consultatif (CAN) pour le programme "Energies non nucléaires" en cours et 
un grot e d'experts désignés par le CREST ont émis leurs avis. Le Comité économique 
et social >st consulté sur la proposition de la Commission à l'occasion de la soumission 
du progr* mme au Conseil pour décision. 

ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(90) 164 final 
DOCUMENTS 
EN 12 16 
Catalogue number : CB-CO-90-247-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-60781-5 
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