Annex I – Trends and main cases by country

1. untited states 1.1. Overall trends

With 24 measures at the end of 2010, the US remains the country with the highest number of trade defence measures in force against the EU. It should however be noted that the number of measures decreased as compared to 2009, no new investigations were initiated and no new measures imposed in 2010. The measures currently in force are 21 anti-dumping and 3 countervailing measures.

With regard to the WTO 'zeroing' disputes, as reported last year, the EU was successful in both its disputes against the US(WT/DS294 and WT/DS350). However, the US has still not implemented these WTO rulings despite the fact that the deadline by which it should have brought itself into compliance already expired.

1.2. Main cases

a) Zeroing: US measures still in breach with WTO rules

Zeroing remains the most important issue with the US. It is recalled that zeroing is a practice whereby non-dumped transactions are disregarded in the calculation of the dumping margin, often resulting in artificially inflated duties. The EU challenged this practice in two WTO dispute settlement cases DS 294 and DS 350. Although, the WTO rulings were in favour of the EU in both cases, the US has not complied yet with the said rulings.

In the first Zeroing case (DS 294), the EU initiated so-called compliance proceedings against the US in 2007 in response to what it was considered as lacking compliance on the side of the US. The compliance panel and Appellate Body confirmed that the US failed to comply with the original ruling and found that the US cannot escape its WTO obligations by conducting annual reviews of a duty with zeroing and then arguing that such reviews have "superseded" the challenged measure and can only be subject to challenge in a new WTO dispute.

Despite its WTO obligation to comply immediately, the US did not take any action to bring itself into compliance with the findings of the WTO within the deadline provided by the Appellate Body. As a consequence, the EU (followed by Japan, which had also successfully brought a dispute against the US on zeroing) requested the WTO authorization to retaliate against the US. As the US objected the requested level of retaliation, the matter was referred to binding WTO arbitration. In September the EU agreed to suspend the arbitration process, expecting the US to deliver on its implementation obligations regarding the zeroing practice in reviews as well as the refunds of excess duties collected since the end of the implementation period of the WTO cases.

In the second Zeroing case (DS350), the Appellate Body confirmed the main EU claims on appeal, rejected all grounds of appeal put forward by the US and upheld the Panel's findings that the US was in breach of its WTO obligations by applying zeroing in periodic reviews. Implementation in this case involves recalculating the dumping margins in the 46 individual measures identified by the EU, without using zeroing. The reasonable period of time for compliance agreed with the US expired on 19 December 2009.

The EU requested authorisation of sanctions from the WTO in case DS294 and an arbitration award on the amount was due on 8 September 2010. However, the EU agreed to delay the issuance of the report by up to one year in order to give the US more time to comply. On 28 December 2010, the US published a proposal in the Federal Register for a new methodology to remove zeroing in reviews and invited interested parties to comment on the proposal. Public comments concerning the proposal were submitted by the US Congress as well as foreign governments and government institutions, by representatives of numerous industries and trade unions. The EU made formal interventions on this matter at the regular meetings of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body and also raised this issue in the context of several bilateral meetings with US representatives.

The EU welcomes the efforts the US made towards compliance with the WTO recommendations and rulings in the zeroing disputes. However, the proposed methodology does not specify the timeline for the changes and retains the possibility for the US to use different approach in reviews besides the one mentioned in the proposal. Criteria to alternate from the new methodology are unclear. The proposal also fails to deal with the issue of excess duties. The EU has been emphasizing in all fora that the only acceptable solution concerning the issue of zeroing is full compliance with the WTO rulings in this regard.

b) Calculation error: Stainless steel sheet and strip in coils originating in Italy

An obvious mathematical error was made by the US when calculating the dumping margin for the company ThyssenKrupp in the case of stainless steel sheet and strip in coils originating in Italy (measures in force since 1999). Following the removal of zeroing from the calculation by the US in 2007, i, there would be no dumping in the absence of the error and the measure would be revoked. With the error, the dumping margin remains at 2.11%. The issue was raised in the framework of the compliance proceeding in our first Zeroing dispute (WT/DS294) in the WTO.

Rather than pursuing a full-blown dispute settlement process for what is a simple arithmetical error (an inverted fraction), the EU initially attempted to deal with this matter bilaterally.

However, once the USDOC concluded[1], in the framework of a sunset review, that dumping (at a rate of 2.11%) would continue, the EU was obliged to bring the matter to the WTO and request consultations. These were held in May 2011. The USITC is due to make its findings on injury in July 2011 and the next steps will have to be considered.

c) Proposed modification to the regulation concerning (i) the revocation of anti-dumping and countervailing duty orders and (ii) sampling – Trade Law Enforcement Package

As part of Obama's National Export Initiative announced last year, several actions are proposed to ensure better enforcement of the trade law in force in the US (Trade Law Enforcement Package). Many of them are targeting mainly non-market economies, however, those concerning the revocation of anti-dumping and countervailing duty orders and sampling would have a significant effect on EU exporters.

Indeed, one of the recent actions proposed by the US is to repeal the provision that allows revoking anti-dumping or countervailing orders for exporters, which obtain three successive zero dumping margins or five successive zero subsidy margins. In the recent years, several European exporters have managed to be excluded from such orders thanks to this provision. It must be noted, however, that this current practice is a "WTO-plus" that goes beyond WTO rules. The US published the new proposal in the Federal Register and invited interested parties to comment. The deadline for comments expired on 20 April. The Commission will follow up the developments of this proposed change.

Concerning sampling, the US practice applied so far was very similar to the practice of the EU, i.e. involving the biggest companies in the sample. According to the proposed changes, the selection of the sample would be more random, giving the possibility for small exporters to be part of it and make it more representative. It must be noted that this change would increase uncertainty as regards the average dumping or subsidy margins based on the records of the sampled companies. The Department of Commerce did not communicate yet either the exact changes to the regulation or the date when these changes would enter into force.

d) Stainless steel plate in coils from Belgium: anti-subsidy sunset review

The US Department of Commerce imposed countervailing duties against imports of Stainless steel plate in coils from Belgium in 1999 based on subsidies that occurred during the 1980's and the early 1990's. Duties were imposed despite the fact that at the time of the investigation the old subsidy programs had already been terminated. However, the nature of the programs made it difficult to document such termination and that the there was no likelihood that subsidies would be provided the framework of these programs in the future.

Several of these subsidy programs were terminated by virtue of legislation taken on EU level and directly applicable in all Member States. However, over the several administrative reviews conducted in the past, the Department of Commerce was never convinced by this argument as it expected Member States to provide evidence of the implementation of these rules. The Commission emphasized in its questionnaire replies that this type of rules is directly applicable and do not require Member States to introduce specific changes to their national legislation. The above argument was reiterated in the framework of the second sunset review initiated in June 2010.

In the preliminary findings the Department of Commerce concluded that the "revocation of the CVD order will lead to continuation or recurrence of a countervailing subsidy. The net countervailing subsidy likely to prevail if the order were revoked is zero percent". In view of these findings, the EU and Belgian authorities took coordinated action, pointing out in several fora that a measure cannot be prolonged in a case where no subsidies were found for a decade. In the final findings of the case on 28 April 2011, the USDOC finally saw sense and revoked the measure..

e) Small diameter graphite electrodes from China: anti-circumvention investigation concerning a UK company (UKCG)

In 2008, US introduced anti-dumping duties against imports of small diameter graphite electrodes from China. In the request to initiate the first administrative review, the petitioners included not only companies exporting from China but also a producer of the product concerned located in the UK (UKCG). The Department of Commerce turned down this attempt to widen the scope of the measure.

Thus, the petitioners lodged a request for an anti-circumvention investigation, limited to UKCG, claiming that the company is circumventing the measures in force against China by finishing the Chinese products in UK and shipping them – with UK origin – to the US. The submissions of the EU company concerned rebutting these allegations did not convince the Department of Commerce, which decided to open the anti-circumvention investigation on 18 March 2011. The proceeding should be concluded in no more than 300 days. The Commission is in contact with the EU company concerned and is closely following up the developments in this case.

2. China 2.1. Overall trends

The sharp increase in the use of trade defence measures by China, which started in 2008, has continued. The year 2010 was even more intense than 2009. China initiated three new anti-dumping investigations against the EU in 2010, as compared to two in 2009. In addition, China started its first countervailing investigation ever against the EU, bringing the total number of new trade defence investigations in 2010 to four, which represents a 50% increase over 2009. Two sunset reviews and one interim review were also initiated in 2010.

The total number of Chinese anti-dumping measures in place at 31 December 2010 against the EU was 14, as compared to 13 one year earlier. In terms of number of measures in force, China is now the second most important user against the EU, after the US. This results from the imposition two definitive measures, one provisional measure and the prolongation of two existing measures in 2010, while one measure has lapsed.

It should also be noted that in the first trimester of 2011 China imposed an additional definitive measure and two additional provisional measures against imports from the EU.

2.2. Main cases

China initiated three new anti-dumping investigations in 2010, one in the chemical sector, one in the high-technology equipment sector, and one in the paper sector.

a) Caprolactam: the whole chemical family of product is under measures

The investigation in the chemical sector concerns caprolactam, a product that is in the same production chain as the other chemical products for which anti-dumping duties have been imposed in 2008 and 2009. Further to the imposition of provisional anti-dumping duties ranging from 4.3% to a residual duty of 25.5% in early January 2011, the whole chain of this chemical family of products is now subject to anti-dumping duties from China.

b) Optical fibres: a 'threat of injury' case

The second new investigation concerns optical fibres from the EU (and the US). The peculiarity of this investigation is the absence of serious injury for the Chinese domestic industry, and therefore a claim of 'threat of injury' justifying its initiation. From a preliminary analysis on the existence of this threat, there are serious doubts that the applicable WTO standards have been met in this investigation. The Chinese authorities have nevertheless imposed provisional measures ranging from 17.7% to a 29.1% (residual duty) in February 2011. The Commission will continue to monitor closely this proceeding to see whether the strict WTO threshold on threat of injury is indeed met in this case.

c) Potato starch: first anti-subsidy proceeding against the EU

In 2009, China has initiated for the first time a countervailing proceeding against potato starch imported from the EU. This product is already subject to anti-dumping duties of 17-35%, and interestingly enough a few months before the initiation of the countervailing investigation an interim review has been initiated based on a request of the Chinese industry with a view to increasing the dumping margin. The Chinese authorities are examining subsidy programmes at EU level and specific programmes in three Member States (France, Netherlands, and Germany). The EU and the Member States concerned already responded to the questionnaires and completion of the procedure is expected in the second half of 2011.

d) Fasteners: a mirror investigation

The Chinese authorities have imposed definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of certain fasteners from the EU ranging between 6.1% and 26% (residual duty). This case was initiated by China subsequent to the EU own case against fasteners imported by China. The imposition of definitive measures is not convincing given the weak injury pictures (almost all of the injury indicators are positive or have positive trends) and the inconclusive analysis on price undercutting and price suppression.

d) X-ray scanners: another mirror investigation

The other noteworthy case where definitive measures have been imposed in January 2011 concerns imports of x-ray scanners from the EU. Just like the fasteners case, this case concerns a product similar to a product subject to an EU defensive anti-dumping investigation (cargo scanners) and exactly the same companies involved in the EU case. The final anti-dumping duty imposed is quite substantial, ranging from 33.5% to 71.8%, essentially leading to closure of the Chinese market for EU exporters. The Commission has a number of doubts about the legal soundness of this case, in particular concerning certain dumping-related issues but especially injury-related aspects, since the situation of the domestic industry hardly presented any worsening during the investigation period. The Commission will carry out a more in-depth analysis of the findings in this case to asses their compatibility with WTO rules.

3. India 3.1. Overall trends

In 2010, India moved from the second to the third position in the list of countries having measures in force against the EU, right after China. The number of measures in force has indeed decreased (from 15 in 2009 to 13 in 2010) as well as the number of new measures imposed (just one anti-dumping duty). However, India has been the most active country in 2010 in terms of initiation of new investigations (8, of which one safeguard). Therefore, an increase in the number of new measures is expected in 2011. The sectors mainly concerned by Indian trade defence actions are chemicals (rubber chemicals, melamine, soda-ash, aniline, morpholine) and steel.

In 2010, one expiry review against Germany has been concluded without measures (Mica pearl pigment) and three new ones have been initiated: one limited to the product definition (Cold Rolled Flat Products of Stainless Steel, see below) and two with the view to extending measures against Certain Rubber Chemicals from the EU, including PX-13, and Pentaerythritol from Sweden. It is worth mentioning that the Indian industry is looking for more protection in respect to the two lastly mentioned products: on the one hand, also the new safeguard investigation initiated in 2011 concerns PX-13 (see below) and, on the other hand, a new investigation against Pentaerythritol this time from the EU and excluding Sweden has been initiated in January 2011.

3.2. Main cases

a) New safeguard investigation against PX-13

India initiated a new safeguard investigation against imports of N1, 3-dimethyl butyl-N Phenylenediamine (PX-13). The Commission is following closely this investigation which presents some major weaknesses at initiation stage, such as the absence of clear evidence of serious injury (or any threat thereof), an unusually long investigating period (10 years) and an unconvincing causal link analysis between imports and injury. This investigation deserves special attention also because since 2005 and 2008 anti-dumping duties are in force against imports of PX-13 from several countries, including the EU (see above, sunset review of duty against certain rubber chemicals).

b) Cold Rolled Flat Products of Stainless Steel: first review limited to the product scope

In June 2010, for the first time, India initiated an investigation limited to the scope of the anti-dumping duty in force against imports of Cold Rolled Flat Products of Stainless Steel from the EU aiming at enlarging the product scope. However, the grounds of review refer to circumventing practices based on fraudulent customs declarations. Therefore, the question seems to attain more to the implementation of the duties already in force rather than to the product scope. The Commission will monitor the compatibility of this investigation with WTO rules.

4. Turkey 4.1. Overall trends

In 2010, Turkey did not launch new trade defence investigations against EU exports. However, out of the five safeguard reviews opened in 2009, four were concluded in 2010 with the extension of the measures in force, as mentioned below. Turkey also imposed one new anti-dumping duty on Mono-ethylene-glycol. Consequently, with twelve measures in force, Turkey remains a very active user of trade defence instruments and safeguards in particular (10).

4.2. Main cases

Turkey finally decided to extend for three years the four safeguard measures concerning imports of footwear, steam irons, motorcycles and vacuum cleaners, which were supposed to expire in August 2009. The Commission has very strongly opposed the extension of these measures due to flaws and insufficient legal justification. The Commission has raised its concerns in various occasions at technical and political level. Although the impact of these measures is not very important for the EU (and the EU exports seem not to have been significantly affected by the existence of these measures) it was highlighted to Turkey that the need to maintain safeguard measures in force for such a long time is difficult to justify.

5. Latin America 5.1. Overall trends

In Latin America the level of trade defence activity remained largely stable in 2010 as compared to 2009. Even though there are still cases presenting significant weaknesses, in particular regarding the injury and causal link analyses, it seems that a slight improvement of the quality of cases could be observed in 2010.

5.2. Main cases

a) Argentina

Argentina initiated one anti-dumping investigation in December 2010, concerning imports of certain paper and paper board against Austria and Finland. The main issues in this investigation are that the complainant is not suffering injury and that the causal link was not established. Furthermore, EU imports should be de-cumulated from other imports in the injury analysis. Given the relatively high EU economic interest in this case, the Commission made a submission raising these issues in the framework of the proceeding and continues monitoring it closely.

b) Brazil

Brazil initiated four anti-dumping investigations in 2010 regarding imports of nitril rubber, flat rolled steel, glazed paper and light weight coated paper. These investigations are of varying economic interest. The Commission made submissions as appropriate, but no major problems and/or WTO inconsistencies have been detected.

c) Chile

Chile has initiated one anti-dumping investigation in March 2010 concerning imports of melamine boards from Austria. The industry co-operated and the Commission made a submission regarding issues such as lack of evidence regarding dumping, and no causal link between injury and imports from Austria. Following a hearing in January 2011, where the industry and the Commission participated, the investigation was terminated without measures in February 2011.

d) Mexico

The expiry review concerning the countervailing measures against imports of bovine meet was initiated in June 2009 and terminated in December 2010. The Commission had provided ample information and evidence which allowed Mexico to conclude that, following the reform of the EU Common Agricultural Policy, the EU had become a net importer of beef, and thus there was no evidence that injury would recur if measures were allowed to lapse.

Mexico initiated one ex officio expiry review regarding imports of carbon steel plate from Romania in September 2010. The Commission made a submission pointing to the exceptional character of ex officio initiations in expiry reviews. The review is still ongoing.

Mexico imposed definitive anti-dumping measures on imports of carbon steel tubes from the UK in January 2010 despite the efforts of the industry and the Commission. The investigation was initiated in July 2008. The main problems were the choice of the investigation period and the causal link analysis in relation to tendering.

e) Peru

Peru has imposed definitive countervailing measures against imports of olive oil from Spain and Italy in December 2010, despite the combined efforts of the Commission and the authorities of Spain and Italy and despite the significant weaknesses of the case. The Commission and the EU Member States have intervened throughout the proceeding providing information and evidence as requested by the Peruvian investigating authorities and intervened also at political level, however to no avail. The Commission and the EU Member States have now started an administrative procedure in accordance with Peruvian domestic law, in order to try to obtain the annulment of the measures.

6. Australia

Australia's trade defence actions against EU exports have been very limited over the recent years. No new anti-dumping investigation was opened in 2010 and there are only four anti-dumping measures in force. With regard to the anti-dumping measures imposed on geosynthetic clayliners in 2009, the German exporter asked for a judicial review of the proceeding with the Commission's support claiming that the injury analysis was not objective. However, the re-investigation report issued in October 2010 confirmed the measures. Weighing his interests on the Australian market, the German exporter decided not to pursue the matter any further.

7. Pakistan

The Pakistani trade defence activity in 2010 remained stable with three measures in force like in 2009 and no new investigations. Only one anti-dumping provisional duty has been imposed in September 2010 against imports of hydrogen peroxide from inter alia Belgium. This investigation was initiated on 31 August 2009 and was based on material retardation of the establishment of the domestic industry. The dumping margin established for the EU companies was far less significant than the one found for the non-EU countries. The Commission has intervened in this case and highlighted certain legal inconsistencies such as unlawful imposition of provisional measures, no retardation in the establishment of the domestic industry (imports decreased and the import price was higher than the domestic price), no causal link.

8. Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus 8.1. Overall trends

Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus form a Customs Union (CU) since 1 January 2010. In this context, they started to harmonise gradually their trade defence actions as from 1 July 2010, when an Agreement on the application of trade defence instruments in the CU entered into force. However, this Agreement will be fully applicable only after the expiry of the transitional arrangements and when the supranational body in charge of conducting the investigations on behalf of the CU will be operational. The transitional arrangements have been formalised in the Agreement on the application of trade defence instruments in the transitional period, which entered into force on 19 November 2010.

Following the adoption of the latter agreement, Russia has opened a series of expedited reviews of the existing national measures with the aim to determine whether to extend those measures to the entire CU territory, to abolish them, or to limit them only to the Russian territory. The EU is concerned by the two reviews of safeguard measures on stainless steel pipes and stainless flatware. Belarus did not open any review for the existing safeguard measure on fibreglass.

The investigations concluded before the date of entry into force of the Transitional Agreement, i.e. before 19 November 2010, will also be subject to expedited reviews, provided that definitive measure were proposed (Russia: safeguard on caramel, engineering hardware and activated carbon; Kazakhstan: safeguard on confectionary). The investigations on going on this date will continue only if the original complainants represent at least 25% of the CU-wide production, otherwise they will be terminated (Kazakhstan: safeguard on accumulators). After 19 November 2010, any new TDI investigation can be initiated only on the basis of the situation of the industry of the entire CU.

A declining trend was observed in all three countries as regards the initiation of new investigations. In 2010, both Russia and Kazakhstan opened only one safeguard investigation each (Russia: caramel; Kazakhstan: accumulators) and Belarus none. The number of measures in force has decreased in Russia following the expiry of two safeguards measures on large-diameter steel pipes and anti-dumping duty on flat rolled stainless steel have expired. One Belarusian measure remains in force (safeguard on fibreglass) and the first provisional safeguard measure was imposed by Kazakhstan on confectionary.

8.2. Main cases

a) Russia

A safeguard investigation against imports of engineering hardware was concluded in May 2010. The initially proposed definitive measure in the form of an ad-valorem duty (a percentage of the export price) was refused by the Russian Government. The revised proposal adopted thereafter, a specific duty per tonne of exports, has a lower impact on the EU exports. The Commission has actively participated in this proceeding in coordination with the EU industry concerned. The measure adopted by Russia is now subject to the CU-expedited review.

Safeguard measures have been imposed against imports of activated carbon and caramel in November 2010. The Commission intervened in the framework of both investigations and highlighted that a country-specific trade defence instrument should have been used in both cases. The Commission has also strongly opposed the form and level of the proposed measures by Russia and requested to consider alternative forms of measures with a reduced negative impact on the non-injurious EU exports. Should Russia adopt any measure, they will be subject to the CU-expedited review.

An anti-dumping duty was imposed by Russia on a range of stainless steel pipes in November 2009 for a period of three years. In December 2010, the level of the duty was reduced but due to the addition of a minimum threshold and given the large scale of products covered, in reality its impact did not decrease. Both this measure and the duty against imports of flatware are subject to the CU expedited reviews. The Commission opposed this demarche due to the flaws in both cases and insisted that they should not be continued nor extended to the entire territory of the CU. The Commission held consultations on this matter with the national authorities of all three Members of the CU as well as with the representatives of the CU Commission. A decision is expected around May 2011.

d) Kazakhstan

Given the lack of transparency and of official notifications from Kazakhstan to the EU, despite the insistence of the Commission, the findings of the safeguard investigation against imports of confectionary as well as the form and level of the proposed definitive measure remain unknown. The measure, if indeed adopted by Kazakhstan, shall be subject to the CU expedited review.

A safeguard investigation against imports of accumulators was initiated in July 2010. Lack of transparency remains a big concern in the proceedings conducted by the authorities in Kazakhstan. The Commission has strongly criticized such low standards inter alia at the EU-Kazakhstan Trade Committee. Some improvements of the situation are expected. The EU exports of the product concerned to Kazakhstan are growing and the importance of this case will increase, should the application of any measure be extended to the whole CU.

f) Belarus

A safeguard measure against fibreglass mesh was finally adopted by Belarus in spite of the Commission's strong protests for the insufficient legal justification for imposing this measure in terms of causation, on top of the existing customs import duty of 10-15%. The Commission intervened mainly for systemic reasons than due to an economic interest. In a CU-wide review of this measure, Belarus has proposed to extend it to the entire CU territory. This proposal is clearly incompatible with the provisions of the CU Transitional Agreement and the Commission will urge the CU to refuse any extension of this measure.

9. Thailand 9.1. Overall trends

In Thailand, which traditionally has limited recourse to trade defence actions, in the recent years the number of anti-dumping measures has increased from one in 2008 to three in 2010. These three anti-dumping duties concern glass block from the Czech Republic, cold-rolled flat stainless steel against the EU and hot-rolled flat in coils and not in coils from Slovakia and Romania. Provisional safeguard measures have been imposed at the beginning of 2011 against imports of the glass block.

9.2. Main cases

In Thailand, in December 2010, a safeguard investigation was initiated against imports of glass block irrespective of its origin, while an anti-dumping duty is already in force against imports of the same product from the Czech Republic. Provisional safeguard measures have been imposed at the beginning of 2011. The Commission has highlighted the weaknesses of the case - in particular, the lack of sufficient disclosure and the absence of clear evidence that increased imports have caused serious injury. The fact that glass block from the Czech Republic may be illegally subject cumulatively to two measures (an anti-dumping duty and a safeguard duty) is also a matter of concern for the EU.

10. Ukraine 10.1. Overall trends

Ukraine initiated two safeguard investigations in 2009 (Float glass and Matches) and continued to be active in 2010 with three new safeguard investigations concerning imports of Fertilisers, Ferro-alloys and Refrigerators. EU exports are significant for four of these five cases. Two investigations (Fertilisers and Ferro-alloys) were however terminated without imposition of any measure and the definitive measures on Float glass were imposed only for a very short period.

In terms of measures in force, the situation developed positively. Compared to 2009 when Ukraine was among the leading countries with nine existing measures, after expiry of significant number of measures in 2010 the number of measures dropped to three. The currently existing measures (safeguards against steel seamless pipes and matches and one antidumping against syringes) do not have any significant impact on the EU exports.

10.2. Main cases

In 2010 the safeguard investigation into imports of float glass was concluded in October 2010 with the imposition of a definitive duty for a period of 10 days instead of the originally proposed 3 years (in addition to the period of application of the provisional measure). The Commission has actively intervened in this important case for the EU industry and coordinated and assisted the EU companies concerned.

The safeguard investigations against imports of fertilisers and ferro-alloys were concluded in December 2010. The Commission was very active in both cases and closely coordinated with the EU industry given the high economic interest, a too short investigating period and lack of legal justification for the imposition of any measures.

A safeguard investigation against imports of refrigerators has been initiated in May 2010 and extended by 2 months in February 2011. The economic interest in this case is very high and spread over many EU Member States. The Commission closely coordinates with the EU industry and Member States concerned, actively intervenes to ensure that the non-injurious EU exports are not unduly hit by any legally unwarranted acts (e.g. the investigating period was too short).

11. Canada

Canada's use of the instruments shows a decreasing trend over the last few years with two trade defence measures in force at the end of 2010 versus six at the end of 2008. Canada initiated one new anti-dumping investigation and imposed one new anti-dumping measure in 2010.

Canada initiated an anti-dumping investigation regarding imports of bell peppers form the Netherlands in April 2010 and imposed definitive measures in October 2010. Important issues in this case were the product definition and the calculation of normal value. Due to a lack of cooperation by the industry with the investigating authorities on this latter issue, the outcome of the investigation was not satisfactory, despite the Commission's intervention.

In February 2010, Canada initiated an expiry review of the countervailing measures regarding refined sugar from the EU, and in parallel an expiry review of the anti-dumping measures against imports of the same product from Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom. Both reviews were terminated in November 2010. The European Commission has provided ample information and evidence which allowed Canada to conclude that following the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy in the EU, production volumes had been reduced and thus there was no likelihood of recurrence of injury. The Canadian domestic industry filed an appeal against this decision in December 2010. The Commission will continue to closely monitor the developments in this case.

12. Indonesia

Indonesia has been a very active user of the safeguard instrument in the course of 2010, initiating five new safeguard investigations. The products concerned ranged from steel products (stranded wires, ropes, and cables; wire of iron/non-alloy steel), to aluminium food containers, to cotton products (cotton yarn and woven fabrics of cotton). Of these proceedings, one has been terminated (aluminium food containers) due to the lack of sharp increase in imports, an issue that also the Commission raised in its contacts with the Indonesian authorities.

The main issue that seems to be common to all of these safeguard proceedings is that the increased imports came only from a few other Asian countries, and are mainly the result of the trade liberalisation resulting from the China/ASEAN Free Trade Agreement recently entered into force. The Commission is therefore concerned that the Indonesian authorities are not using the correct instrument to tackle the real source of the problems faced by the domestic industry, and that more appropriate trade defence instruments for this purpose are available that would also not unduly penalise exports from other countries, including EU Member States. The Commission will continue to monitor these safeguard proceedings in the course of 2011 and trusts that the Indonesian authorities will fully take into account its comments in the various proceedings.

13. Israel

Israel has continued to use trade defence instruments intensively in 2010 with investigations maintaining the low standards demonstrated during the previous year.

In 2010, three new anti-dumping cases were initiated against imports of MDF boards, non-woven cloth and animal feed mixers. Already in the first days of 2011, a safeguard investigation was launched against the imports of glass and rock wool. The new investigations show the same persisting shortcomings such as lack of transparency, unreliable injury analysis and incomplete causality analysis. Contrary to Israel's previous practice, all new cases were initiated against individual EU Member States and not against the EU as a whole.

The bituminous membranes investigation initiated in 2009 is still ongoing, with provisional measures being imposed. The Commission continues to intervene and is actively monitoring the developments in this case, especially in view of the approaching 18 months deadline for concluding the investigation.

14. New Zealand

New Zealand's trade defence activity remained stable in 2010 with only two measures in force. While anti-subsidy measures against imports of canned peaches from the EU were terminated in 2009, New Zealand initiated in 2011 an anti-dumping investigation against imports of preserved peaches from Spain, despite the fact that the volume of such imports is almost negligible. The Commission regrets that the documents circulated so far are poor in terms of both disclosure and substance, and will continue to support the Spanish Government and industry in monitoring this case. However, there is a concrete risk that measures be imposed for an indefinite time, like in the case of canned peaches from Greece where in the absence of cooperation of the Greek exporters measures have now been in force for 13 years.

15. South Africa

South Africa's use of trade defence instruments shows a decreasing trend over the past few years. At the end of 2010, there were two trade defence measures in force versus five at the end of 2008. No new measures were imposed and no new investigations initiated in 2010.

Definitive measures have been imposed in June 2009 against imports of tall oil fatty acid originating in Sweden (initiation in June 2008). In July 2009, South Africa initiated an anti-circumvention investigation concerning imports of the same product from Finland. The Commission made a submission pointing to the fact that there was no circumvention in this case since there is genuine production of the product concerned in Finland. In March 2010 the circumvention investigation was terminated albeit on the grounds of de minimis dumping.

16. Morocco

Morocco has sporadically used the safeguard instrument over the past few years and has no longer any measures in force.

Morocco initiated one new safeguard investigation in July 2010 concerning imports of machine-made carpets. The industry co-operated with the investigating authorities and the Commission made a submission emphasising the total lack of a causal link between EU imports and any injury. The investigation was terminated in November 2010 without the imposition of measures on the grounds of no injury.

The safeguard measures regarding ceramic tiles, extended in June 2009 following an expiry review, were terminated in December 2010, one year earlier than originally foreseen because they were no longer necessary to remedy serious injury.

Annex II - Measures in force at the end of 2008,2009 and 2010

Measures in force at the end of 2008, 2009 and 2010.

Country || AD || CVD || SG || TOTAL

|| 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010

Andean Community || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0

Argentina || 3 || 5 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 4 || 6 || 5

Australia || 2 || 4 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 5 || 4

Belarus || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1

Brazil || 10 || 10 || 9 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 11 || 11 || 9

Canada || 5 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6 || 4 || 2

Chile || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1

China || 9 || 12 || 14 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 9 || 12 || 14

Dominican Republic || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2

Croatia || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0

Ecuador || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1

Egypt || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 1 || 1

India || 16 || 13 || 12 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 1 || 16 || 15 || 13

Indonesia || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2

Israel || 0 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 2

Japan || 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1

Jordan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1

Korea || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0

Kazakhstan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1

Mexico || 6 || 6 || 5 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 8 || 7 || 5

Moldova || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1

Morocco || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0

New Zealand || 2 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 2 || 2

Pakistan || 1 || 3 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 3

Peru || 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1

Philippines || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 2 || 3

Russia || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 4 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 3

South Africa || 4 || 3 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 5 || 4 || 2

Thailand || 1 || 2 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 3

Turkey || 2 || 2 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 9 || 10 || 10 || 11 || 12 || 13

Ukraine || 2 || 3 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6 || 6 || 2 || 8 || 9 || 3

USA * || 23 || 22 || 21 || 4 || 3 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 27 || 25 || 24

Venezuela || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0

TOTAL * || 93 || 95 || 89 || 10 || 6 || 4 || 32 || 37 || 30 || 135 || 138 || 123

* The change compared to last year's report is due to two US cases which did not appear in the statistics.

Annex III – Details of measures in force as of December 2010

Measures in Force ||

At 2010-Dec-31 ||

|| || || || || ||

Country || Product || Instrument || Type Of Measure || Date Of Imposition || Exporting MS ||

Argentina || Disposable electrodes for electrocardiograms || AD || Definitive || 2007-Dec-07 || Austria ||

Argentina || petrol extraction pumps || AD || Definitive || 2009-Nov-23 || Romania ||

Argentina || Electrical terminals || AD || Definitive || 2009-Apr-02 || Germany ||

Argentina || straight handsaw blades || AD || Definitive || 2008-Feb-21 || Sweden ||

Argentina || Hot-rolled steel (HRS) || AD || Definitive || 2002-Apr-30 || Slovakia, Romania ||

Australia || Polyethylene high density || AD || Definitive || 2003-Dec-05 || Sweden ||

Australia || Brandy packaged in bottles or bulk || CVD || Definitive || 2007-Mar-08 || France ||

Australia || Processed dried currants || AD || Definitive || 2008-Nov-17 || Greece ||

Australia || Geosynthetic clay liners || AD || Definitive || 2009-Oct-09 || Germany ||

Belarus || Fibreglass || SG || Definitive || 2010-Feb-04 || Czech Republic, Germany, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, Finland ||

Brazil || Viscose Fibres || AD || Definitive || 2009-Apr-08 || Austria ||

Brazil || Indigo Blue || AD || Definitive || 2008-Mar-24 || Germany ||

Brazil || Seamless steel pipes || AD || Definitive || 2005-Oct-07 || ||

Brazil || Viscose Yarn || AD || Definitive || 2009-Dec-16 || Austria ||

Brazil || Polycarbonate resins in powder, granulates or pellets, with or without pigments additives || AD || Definitive || 2008-Apr-08 || Belgium, Germany, Spain ||

Brazil || Milk powder || AD || Definitive || 2001-Feb-23 || Denmark, Ireland ||

Brazil || Methacrylate Methyl || AD || Definitive || 2001-Mar-14 || Germany, Spain, France, United Kingdom ||

Brazil || glassine/glazed papers || AD || Definitive || 2008-Oct-22 || Finland ||

Brazil || Phenol || AD || Definitive || 2002-Oct-16 || Belgium, Germany ||

Canada || Bell peppers || AD || Definitive || 2010-Oct-19 || Netherlands ||

Canada || Hot-rolled carbon steel plate and high-strength low-alloy steel plate || AD || Definitive || 2004-Jan-09 || Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Romania ||

Chile || Milk in powder, milk, gouda cheese || SG || Definitive || 2006-Dec-14 || Germany, Netherlands ||

China || Polyamide-6 (PA6) || AD || Definitive || 2010-Apr-22 || Belgium, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland ||

China || Certain iron or steel fasteners || AD || Definitive || 2010-Jun-29 || Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Poland, Sweden, United Kingdom ||

China || Polyamide-6,6 || AD || Definitive || 2009-Oct-12 || France, Italy, United Kingdom ||

China || Adipic acid || AD || Definitive || 2009-Nov-02 || Germany, France, Italy ||

China || Catechol || AD || Definitive || 2003-Aug-27 || France, Italy ||

China || Chloroform - Trichloromethane || AD || Definitive || 2004-Nov-30 || Germany, France, United Kingdom ||

China || Potato Starch || AD || Definitive || 2007-Feb-06 || Germany, France, Netherlands ||

China || X-Ray Security Inspection Equipment (energy above 100 thousand KeV) || AD || Provisional || 2010-Jun-10 || Germany, Netherlands, Finland, United Kingdom ||

China || Wear resistant overlay || AD || Definitive || 2006-Dec-13 || Germany, European Union of 25 ||

China || Methylene Chloride || AD || Definitive || 2002-Jun-20 || Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom ||

China || Hydrazine Hydrate || AD || Definitive || 2005-Jun-17 || France ||

China || Dimethyl Cyclosiloxane || AD || Definitive || 2006-Jan-16 || Germany, United Kingdom ||

China || Benzofuranol; (7-Hydroxy or Furan phenol) || AD || Definitive || 2006-Feb-12 || Italy ||

China || Chloroprene Rubber || AD || Definitive || 2005-May-10 || Germany, France, European Union of 15 ||

Dominican Republic || Polypropylene Bags || SG || Definitive || 2010-Oct-18 || ||

Dominican Republic || Certain sports and other socks || SG || Definitive || 2010-Dec-06 || ||

Ecuador || Windshields || SG || Definitive || 2010-Nov-01 || ||

Egypt || Blankets || SG || Definitive || 2008-Feb-12 || Spain ||

India || Caustic soda || AD || Definitive || 2001-Jun-26 || France ||

India || Caustic soda || AD || Definitive || 2003-Oct-01 || Belgium, Italy ||

India || Certain Rubber Chemicals || AD || Definitive || 2005-Nov-20 || Belgium, Germany, Italy ||

India || Pentaerythritol || AD || Definitive || 2006-Apr-20 || Sweden ||

India || Phenol || AD || Definitive || 2003-Mar-24 || European Union of 15 ||

India || Potassium carbonate || AD || Definitive || 2004-Feb-20 || European Union of 15 ||

India || PVC paste resin || AD || Definitive || 2004-Oct-07 || Spain, Italy ||

India || Sodium hydrosulphite || AD || Definitive || 2003-Dec-03 || Germany ||

India || Sodium nitrite || AD || Definitive || 2002-Nov-29 || European Union of 15 ||

India || Acetone || AD || Definitive || 2008-Mar-11 || Belgium, Spain, Italy ||

India || Hydrogen Peroxyde || AD || Definitive || 2008-Sep-04 || ||

India || Cold-Rolled Flat Products of Stainless Steel || AD || Definitive || 2010-Feb-20 || Belgium, Spain, France, Italy, Netherlands, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom ||

India || Dimethoate Technical || SG || Definitive || 2009-Aug-27 || ||

Indonesia || Wire Nails || SG || Definitive || 2009-Oct-12 || Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Romania ||

Indonesia || dextrose monohydrate || SG || Definitive || 2009-Aug-24 || France ||

Israel || Bituminous Membranes - waterproofing products || AD || Provisional || 2010-May-25 || Greece, Italy ||

Israel || Stretch wrap || AD || Provisional || 2009-Aug-30 || Greece, Italy ||

Japan || Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide || AD || Definitive || 2008-Aug-29 || Spain ||

Jordan || Ceramic tiles || SG || Definitive || 2010-Sep-01 || Spain, Italy ||

Kazakhstan || Confectionery || SG || Provisional || 2009-Jun-13 || Germany, Netherlands, Poland ||

Mexico || Organic pesticides || AD || Definitive || 2007-Dec-21 || Denmark ||

Mexico || Sorbitol UPS grade || AD || Definitive || 1990-Sep-27 || France ||

Mexico || Carbon steel plate in sheets || AD || Definitive || 2005-Sep-22 || ||

Mexico || Cold-rolled sheet || AD || Definitive || 2005-Dec-12 || ||

Mexico || carbon steel tubes with longitudinal straight seam || AD || Definitive || 2010-Jan-06 || United Kingdom ||

Moldova || Sugar || SG || Definitive || 2004-Jan-01 || European Union of 15 ||

New Zealand || Canned peaches || AD || Definitive || 1998-Mar-09 || Greece ||

New Zealand || Oral Liquid Paracetomol || AD || Definitive || 2006-Jul-17 || Ireland ||

Pakistan || Tinplate (secondary quality) || AD || Definitive || 2009-Nov-16 || Belgium, Germany, France, Netherlands ||

Pakistan || Sorbitol 70% solution || AD || Definitive || 2003-Nov-19 || France ||

Pakistan || Formic acid || AD || Definitive || 2006-Jul-07 || Germany, Finland ||

Peru || Hot-rolled steels and coils || AD || Definitive || 2006-Jul-07 || ||

Philippines || Testliner board || SG || Definitive || 2010-Sep-16 || Belgium, Germany ||

Philippines || Ceramic floor and wall tiles || SG || Definitive || 2002-Apr-11 || European Union of 15 ||

Philippines || Steel angle bars || SG || Definitive || 2009-Aug-31 || ||

Russia || Steel pipes (for oil and gas industry) || SG || Definitive || 2006-Dec-15 || Germany, Italy ||

Russia || Flatware from corrosion-proof steel || SG || Definitive || 2009-Dec-27 || Belgium, Germany, France, Italy ||

Russia || Stainless steel pipes || SG || Definitive || 2009-Nov-01 || Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Sweden ||

South Africa || Ropes & cables of iron or steel || AD || Definitive || 2002-Aug-28 || Germany, United Kingdom ||

South Africa || Tall Oil Fatty Acid || AD || Definitive || 2009-Jun-05 || Sweden ||

Thailand || Glass Block || AD || Definitive || 2009-Jan-15 || Czech Republic ||

Thailand || Cold-rolled flat stainless steel || AD || Definitive || 2003-Mar-13 || Belgium, Denmark, Spain, Italy, Finland, Sweden ||

Thailand || Hot-rolled flat in coils and not in coils || AD || Definitive || 2003-May-27 || Slovakia ||

Turkey || Steam Smoothing Irons || SG || Definitive || 2006-Aug-10 || ||

Turkey || Salt || SG || Definitive || 2006-Aug-10 || Italy ||

Turkey || Motorcycles || SG || Definitive || 2007-Mar-02 || Spain, Italy ||

Turkey || Certain electrical appliances || SG || Definitive || 2008-Nov-01 || Belgium, France ||

Turkey || Vacuum cleaners for a voltage of 110 V or more || SG || Definitive || 2006-Aug-10 || Germany, France, Poland ||

Turkey || Mono-ethylene-glycol || AD || Definitive || 2010-May-02 || Bulgaria ||

Turkey || Footwear || SG || Definitive || 2006-Aug-10 || Germany, Greece, Spain, Slovenia ||

Turkey || Matches || SG || Definitive || 2009-Dec-23 || Germany, Poland ||

Turkey || Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) || AD || Definitive || 2003-Feb-06 || Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, Hungary, Netherlands, Finland, Romania ||

Turkey || Cotton yarn other than sewing thread || SG || Definitive || 2008-Oct-21 || Belgium, Italy ||

Turkey || Travel goods, handbags and similar containers || SG || Definitive || 2008-Mar-07 || Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom ||

Turkey || Fittings || AD || Definitive || 2006-Sep-07 || ||

Turkey || Frames and mountings for spectacles || SG || Definitive || 2008-Mar-05 || Italy ||

Ukraine || Steel Seamless Casing and Lifting Pipes || SG || Definitive || 2008-Oct-01 || Austria, Poland, Slovakia, Romania ||

Ukraine || Matches || SG || Definitive || 2009-Nov-04 || Germany, Poland, Romania ||

Ukraine || Syringes || AD || Definitive || 2009-Nov-04 || Germany, Spain, United Kingdom ||

United States || Antifriction bearings || AD || Definitive || 1989-May-15 || United Kingdom ||

United States || Antifriction bearings || AD || Definitive || 1989-May-15 || Italy ||

United States || Granular polytetrafluoroethylene resin || AD || Definitive || 1988-Aug-30 || Italy ||

United States || Ball bearings || AD || Definitive || 1999-May-15 || France ||

United States || Ball bearings || AD || Definitive || 1989-May-15 || Germany ||

United States || Brass sheet & strip || AD || Definitive || 1987-Mar-06 || France ||

United States || Brass sheet & strip || AD || Definitive || 1987-Mar-06 || Germany ||

United States || Brass sheet & strip || AD || Definitive || 1987-Mar-06 || Italy ||

United States || Chlorinated isocyanurates || AD || Definitive || 2005-Jun-24 || Spain ||

United States || Sodium Nitrite || AD || Definitive || 2008-Aug-27 || Germany ||

United States || Certain Lightweight Thermal Paper || AD || Definitive || 2008-Nov-10 || Germany ||

United States || Stainless steel butt-weld pipe fittings || AD || Definitive || 2001-Feb-23 || Italy ||

United States || Stainless steel plates in coils || AD || Definitive || 1999-May-21 || Belgium ||

United States || Stainless steel plates in coils || AD || Definitive || 1999-May-21 || Italy ||

United States || Stainless steel plates in coils || CVD || Definitive || 1999-May-11 || Belgium ||

United States || Stainless steel sheet and strip in coils || AD || Definitive || 1999-Jul-27 || Germany ||

United States || Stainless steel sheet and strip in coils || AD || Definitive || 1999-Jul-27 || Italy ||

United States || Steel concrete reinforcing bars || AD || Definitive || 2001-Sep-07 || Latvia ||

United States || Steel concrete reinforcing bars || AD || Definitive || 2001-Sep-07 || Poland ||

United States || Low enriched uranium || AD || Definitive || 2002-Feb-13 || France ||

United States || Pressure sensitive plastic tape || AD || Definitive || 2001-May-14 || Italy ||

United States || Pasta || AD || Definitive || 1996-Jul-24 || Italy ||

United States || Pasta || CVD || Definitive || 1996-Jul-24 || Italy ||

United States || Purified Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) || AD || Definitive || 2005-Jul-11 || Sweden ||

United States || Purified Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) || AD || Definitive || 2005-Jul-11 || Finland ||

United States || Purified Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) || AD || Definitive || 2005-Jul-11 || Netherlands ||

United States || Stainless steel bar || AD || Definitive || 1995-Mar-02 || Spain ||

United States || Corrosion-resistant carbon steel flat products || AD || Definitive || 1993-Aug-19 || Germany ||

United States || Cut-to-length carbon steel plate || CVD || Definitive || 1999-Dec-29 || Italy ||

United States || Cut-to-length carbon-quality steel plate || AD || Definitive || 2000-Feb-10 || Italy ||

United States || Stainless steel wire rod || AD || Definitive || 2007-Aug-26 || Spain ||

United States || Stainless steel wire rod || AD || Definitive || 2007-Aug-26 || Italy ||

Annex IV – Investigations opened in 2008, 2009 and 2010

Investigation opened in 2008, 2009 and 2010.

Country || AD || CVD || SG || TOTAL

|| 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010

Argentina || 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1

Australia || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0

Belarus || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0

Brazil || 2 || 0 || 4 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 3 || 1 || 4

Canada || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1

Chile || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1

China || 3 || 2 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 2 || 4

Croatia || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0

Dominican Republic || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 2 || 0 || 3 || 2

Ecuador || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1

Egypt || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0

GCC || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0

India || 3 || 1 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 9 || 1 || 5 || 10 || 8

Indonesia || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 5

Israel || 0 || 4 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 5 || 3

Japan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0

Jordan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 0 || 1

Kazakhstan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 1

Kyrgyzstan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 2 || 1

Mexico || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1

Morocco || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 1

Pakistan || 0 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 0

Peru || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0

Philippines || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0

Russia || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 1

South Africa || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0

Thailand || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1

Turkey || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 3 || 1 || 0

Ukraine || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 2 || 2 || 3

USA || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0

Vietnam || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0

TOTAL || 16 || 13 || 20 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 17 || 31 || 19 || 33 || 45 || 40

Annex V – Details of investigations initiated in 2010

Country || Product || Instrument || Initiation Date || Exporting MS

Argentina || Paperboard || AD || 2010-Dec-15 || Austria, Finland

Brazil || Nitril Rubber || AD || 2010-Oct-01 || France, Poland

Brazil || Flat rolled steel || AD || 2010-Aug-26 || Spain, Romania

Brazil || Glazd paper || AD || 2010-May-19 || France, Italy, Hungary

Brazil || Lightweight paper || AD || 2010-Dec-03 || Belgium, Germany, Finland, Sweden

Canada || Bell peppers || AD || 2010-Apr-03 || Netherlands

Chile || Melamine boards || AD || 2010-Mar-10 || Austria

China || Optical fiber || AD || 2010-Apr-20 || Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, Finland, United Kingdom

China || Caprolactam || AD || 2010-Apr-20 || Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, Poland

China || Potato Starch || CVD || 2010-Aug-30 || Germany, Netherlands

China || Photographic paper || AD || 2010-Dec-23 ||

Dominican Republic || Certain sports and other socks || SG || 2010-Mar-02 ||

Dominican Republic || Toilet Paper || SG || 2010-Jan-14 ||

Ecuador || Windshields || SG || 2010-Apr-22 ||

India || Hot Rolled Flat Steel || AD || 2010-Apr-12 || Belgium, Germany, Slovenia, Finland

India || Melamine || AD || 2010-Dec-07 ||

India || Morpholine || AD || 2010-Dec-07 ||

India || Stainless Steel Cold Rolled Flat Products of 400 series having width below 600 mm || AD || 2010-Aug-16 || Belgium, Germany, Italy, Finland, Sweden

India || Notification N1, 3-dimethyl butyl-N Phenylenediamine (PX-13) || SG || 2010-Dec-27 || Belgium, Germany, Netherlands

India || Soda Ash || AD || 2010-Aug-20 || Bulgaria, Romania

India || Ball bearings || AD || 2010-Sep-01 || Poland, Romania

India || Aniline || AD || 2010-Dec-20 ||

Indonesia || Wire of iron/non-alloy steel not plated/coated, containing carbon < 0.25% by weight || SG || 2010-Jan-19 || Germany

Indonesia || Aluminium Foil Food Container / Aluminium Tray and Plain Lid || SG || 2010-Jan-19 ||

Indonesia || Stranded wire, rope & cable, for locked coil, flattened strands and non-rotating wire ropes || SG || 2010-Feb-05 ||

Indonesia || Cotton yarn other than sewing thread || SG || 2010-Jun-25 ||

Indonesia || Woven fabrics of cotton || SG || 2010-Jun-25 ||

Israel || Non-woven floor and cleaning cloths || AD || 2010-Jun-09 || Germany

Israel || Animal food mixers || AD || 2010-Sep-20 || Germany

Israel || Medium Density Fibre and Chipboard boards covered with melamine || AD || 2010-Apr-18 || Spain, Portugal

Jordan || Klinker || SG || 2010-Sep-16 ||

Kazakhstan || Other electric accumulators || SG || 2010-Jul-08 || Czech Republic, Germany, Poland

Kyrgyzstan || Poultry eggs || SG || 2010-Oct-15 ||

Mexico || Spiral-welded steel pipes and tubes || SG || 2010-Jul-03 ||

Morocco || Carpets || SG || 2010-Jul-19 || Belgium, Spain, France, Italy, Romania

Russia || Caramel || SG || 2010-Mar-11 || Germany, Netherlands, Poland

Thailand || Glass block || SG || 2010-Dec-16 || Czech Republic

Ukraine || Fertilizers || SG || 2010-Feb-03 || Belgium, Italy, Netherlands

Ukraine || Ferro-manganese & Ferro-silicon-manganese || SG || 2010-Feb-17 || Slovakia, Romania

Ukraine || Refrigerators and freezers || SG || 2010-May-06 || Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia

Annex VI – Measures imposed in 2008, 2009 and 2010

Measures imposed in 2008, 2009 and 2010.

Country || AD || CVD || SG || TOTAL

|| 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010

Argentina || 1 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 0

Australia || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0

Brazil || 4 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4 || 2 || 0

Belarus || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1

Canada || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1

China || 0 || 4 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4 || 3

Croatia || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0

Dominica republic || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2

Ecuador || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1

Egypt || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0

India || 2 || 3 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4 || 0 || 2 || 7 || 1

Indonesia || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0

Israel || 0 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 1

Japan || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0

Jordan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1

Kazakhstan || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0

Mexico || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1

Pakistan || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0

Panama || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0

Philippines || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 1

Russia || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0

South Africa || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0

Thailand || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0

Turkey || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4 || 1 || 0 || 4 || 1 || 1

Ukraine || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 1

USA || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0

TOTAL || 12 || 18 || 8 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6 || 15 || 7 || 18 || 33 || 15

Annex VII – Details of measures imposed in 2010

|| || || || ||

Country || Product || Instrument || Type Of Measure || Date Of Imposition || Exporting MS

Belarus || Fibreglass || SG || Definitive || 2010-Feb-04 || Czech Republic, Germany, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, Finland

Canada || Bell peppers || AD || Definitive || 2010-Oct-19 || Netherlands

China || Certain iron or steel fasteners || AD || Definitive || 2010-Jun-29 || Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Poland, Sweden, United Kingdom

China || X-Ray Security Inspection Equipment (energy above 100 thousand KeV) || AD || Provisional || 2010-Jun-10 || Germany, Netherlands, Finland, United Kingdom

China || Polyamide-6 (PA6) || AD || Definitive || 2010-Apr-22 || Belgium, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland

Dominican Republic || Certain sports and other socks || SG || Definitive || 2010-Dec-06 ||

Dominican Republic || Polypropylene Bags || SG || Definitive || 2010-Oct-18 ||

Ecuador || Windshields || SG || Definitive || 2010-Nov-01 ||

India || Cold-Rolled Flat Products of Stainless Steel || AD || Definitive || 2010-Feb-20 || Belgium, Spain, France, Italy, Netherlands, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom

Israel || Bituminous Membranes - waterproofing products || AD || Provisional || 2010-May-25 || Greece, Italy

Jordan || Ceramic tiles || SG || Definitive || 2010-Sep-01 || Spain, Italy

Mexico || carbon steel tubes with longitudinal straight seam || AD || Definitive || 2010-Jan-06 || United Kingdom

Philippines || Testliner board || SG || Definitive || 2010-Sep-16 || Belgium, Germany

Turkey || Mono-ethylene-glycol || AD || Definitive || 2010-May-02 || Bulgaria

Ukraine || Float glass unreinforced, transparent, colourless (thickness 3.5 - 4.5 mm) || SG || Definitive || 2010-Oct-23 || Poland, Bulgaria

[1] Preliminary findings 20 December 2010 ; final findings 22 April 2011.