27.7.84 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 198/3 
II 
(Preparatory Acts) 
COMMISSION 
Proposal for a Council Decision adopting a research and training programme (1985 to 
1989) in the field of controlled thermonuclear fusion 
COM(84) 271 final 
(Submitted by the Commission to the Council on 22 May 1984) 
(84/C 198/03) 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN 
COMMUNITIES, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the 
European Atomic Energy Community, and in 
particular Article 7 thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission 
presented after consultation of the Scientific and 
Technical Committee, 
Having regard to the opinion of the European Par­
liament, 
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and 
Social Committee, 
Whereas the energy problem is shared by all the 
Member States; whereas joint efforts to resolve this 
problem are likely to produce better results; whereas 
thermonuclear fusion is one possible solution to the 
energy problem in the longer term; whereas the 
rational use of all the different energy sources must 
be coordinated; whereas the Community must 
therefore continue to ensure optimum consistency in 
its efforts between Community activities in the 
various sectors of energy and energy research; 
Whereas these considerations have been taken into 
account in the first framework programme 1984 to 
1987 laid down in the Council resolution of 25 July 
1983 (*), setting out the complete range of scientific 
and technical activities being carried out or due to be 
carried out on the basis of the three Treaties; 
Whereas thermonuclear fusion forms an important 
objective within the framework programme; 
Whereas, in its Decision 82/350/Euratom (2), the 
Council adopted a research and training programme 
0) OJ No C 208, 4. 8. 1983, p. 1. 
(2) OJ No L 157, 8. 6. 1982, p. 22. (1982 to 1986) in the field of controlled thermo­
nuclear fusion; whereas Article 3 of that Decision 
provides that the Commission will submit to the 
Council, not later than 1 July 1984, a review proposal 
designed to replace the 1982 to 1986 programme with 
a new five-year programme (1985 to 1989) with 1985 
and 1986 constituting years common to both 
programmes; whereas Decision 82/350/Euratom 
should therefore be repealed; 
Whereas, as a result of such repeal, 45,6 million ECU 
assigned to the preceding programme, exclusive of 
JET (Joint European Torus), and 72 million ECU 
assigned to the preceding programme for the JET 
project will remain available; whereas these amounts 
will be assigned to the new programme; whereas such 
a step as well as the fact that the programme 
embraces all work carried out in the Member States 
in this field, must be taken into account in 
determining the expenditure commitments estimated 
necessary for the execution of the new programme; 
Whereas, in view of the considerable efforts needed 
to reach the application stage of controlled thermo­
nuclear fusion, which could be of benefit to the 
Community, particularly in the wider context of the 
security of its long-term energy supplies, the various 
stages of development of the work hitherto 
undertaken in this field must continue on a joint 
basis; 
Whereas the research proposed by the Commission 
constitutes an appropriate means of pursuing such 
action and it is, consequently, in the common interest 
to adopt a multiannual programme in the field of 
controlled thermonuclear fusion the existence of 
which is moreover necessary to enable the 
Community to participate in international 
cooperation in this field; 
No C 198/4 Official Journal of the European Communities 27.7.84 
Whereas the continuation of the programme should 
be based on the strategy 
— to pursue a substantial programme following the 
Tokamak route towards a demonstration reactor, 
to complete the first stage of the programme 
formed by the JET project with its extensions and 
by the full exploitation of the devices existing or 
under construction in the Associations, 
— to continue the definition and predesign of the 
second step of the Tokamak programme, the 
Next European Torus (NET) and to pursue the 
technological developments required for its design 
and construction as well as those needed in the 
longer term for the fusion reactor, 
— to investigate, within the available resources, 
alternative confinement systems, concentrating on 
reversed field pinches and stellarators, subject to a 
periodic reassessment of their reactor potential 
compared with that of the Tokamak; 
Whereas this strategy should be reviewed at the next 
programme revision to take place in 1987 when it 
should be decided whether to start D-T operation in 
JET and whether to start the detailed design of NET; 
Whereas the research programme of the Joint 
Research Centre adopted by the Council on 22 
December 1983 (') provides for a participation of the 
JRC in the field of NET and technology; 
Whereas it is important that the Community should 
continue to encourage the construction of certain 
equipment concerned with projects accorded priority 
status, the support of JET and NET by the 
associations and certain developments in the field of 
fusion technology, by granting a preferential rate of 
participation in the expenditure for such actions; 
Whereas the direct involvement of Industry of the 
implementation of the programme and in particular in 
the field of NET and Fusion Technology should be 
strengthened; 
0) OJNoL3, 5. 1. 1984, p. 21. Whereas, furthermore, the mobility of staff between 
organizations cooperating in the execution of the 
programme should be promoted, 
HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS: 
Article 1 
A research and training programme in the field of 
controlled thermonuclear fusion as defined in the 
Annex is hereby adopted for a five-year period as 
from 1 January 1985. 
Article 2 
The expenditure commitments estimated necessary 
for the implementation of the programme exclusive of 
JET should be 443 million ECU, including an amount 
of 45,6 million ECU remaining from the previous 
programme. The number of staff is evaluated at 105. 
The expenditure commitments estimated necessary 
for JET during the duration of the programme should 
be 347 million ECU including an amount of 72 
million ECU remaining from the previous 
programme. The number of temporary employees 
within the meaning of Article 2 (a) of the conditions 
of employment of other servants of the European 
communities is evaluated at 165. 
Article 3 
The Commission shall submit to the Council in 1987 
a review proposal designed to replace the present 
programme with a five-year programme with effect 
from 1 January 1988. 
Article 4 
Decision 82/350/Euratom is hereby repealed with 
effect from 1 January 1985. 
However, amounts which, pursuant to Decision 
82/350/Euratom, are authorized under the relevant 
headings of the 1982, 1983 and 1984 budgets and 
which on 1 January 1985 have not yet been 
committed, or which, by that date, have been 
committed but not yet paid, may be used for the 
execution of the present programme. 
27. 7. 84 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 198/5 
ANNEX 
CONTROLLED THERMONUCLEAR FUSION 
1. The subject matter of the programme to be executed shall be: 
(a) plasma physics in the sector concerned, in particular studies of a basic character relating to 
confinement with suitable devices and to methods for producing and heating plasma; 
(b) research into the confinement, in closed configurations, of plasma of widely varying density 
and temperature; 
(c) research into light-matter interactions and transport phenomena and the development of 
high-power lasers; 
(d) the development and application to confinement devices of sufficiently powerful plasma 
heating methods; 
(e) improvement of diagnostic methods; 
(f) definition and predesign of NET (Next European Torus) and technological developments 
required for its design and construction as well as those needed in the longer term for the 
fusion reactor; 
(g) extension of the JET device to full performance; operation and exploitation of JET. 
The work referred to in (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) shall be carried out by means of association 
or limited duration contracts which are designed to yield the results necessary for the 
implementation of the programme and which take into consideration the work carried out by the 
Joint Research Centre, in particular in relation to NET and technology referred to in (f). 
The implementation of the JET project referred to in (g) has been entrusted to the 'Joint 
European Torus (JET), Joint Undertaking', established by Decision 78/471/Euratom ('). 
2. The programme set out in point 1 shall be part of a long-term cooperative project embracing all 
work carried out in the Member States in the field of controlled thermonuclear fusion. It is 
designed to lead in due course to the joint construction of prototypes with a view to their 
industrial production and marketing. 
3. The appropriation of 443 million ECU fixed for the programme exclusive of JET can be broken 
down as follows: 
(a) about 36 % for the financing at a rate of approximately 45 % of projects, as specified in 
paragraph 4; 
(b) about 6 % for certain industrial contracts in the fields of 'NET/Fusion Technology' and the 
development of advanced plasma heating methods, financed at a rate of 100 %, as defined in 
paragraph 4; 
(c) about 6 % for the financing of administration costs and for expenditure intended to ensure 
the mobility of staff to enable them to work in organizations cooperating in the 
implementation of the programme and in the NET Team; 
(d) about 1 % for the financing at a rate of approximately 75 % of operational costs of the NET 
Team; 
(e) the amount not set aside for the operations and expenditure referred to in (a), (b), (c) and 
(d) and any positive balance from the contributions of associated third countries under the 
programme exclusive of JET, shall be devoted to the financial participation by the 
Community in other expenditure incurred by the associations. This participation shall be at a 
uniform rate of about 25 %. 
(«) OJ No L 151, 7. 6. 1978, p. 10. 
No C 198/6 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 7. 84 
4. After advice of the Consultative Committee of the Fusion Programme the Commission may 
finance at a uniform rate of about 45 % as specified in paragraph 3 (a), projects belonging to 
one of the following areas: 
(a) Tokamak systems and support for JET; 
(b) other toroidal machines; 
(c) heating and injection; 
(d) NET and Fusion Technology. 
If such projects belong to areas (c) and (d) and if they are carried out by Industry the 
Commission may finance them at a rate of 100 % as specified in paragraph 3 (b). 
In return, all Associations shall have the right to take part in the experiments carried out with the 
equipment thus constructed. 
5. The expenditure commitments estimated necessary for the contribution to the JET project should 
be 347 million ECU. The amount in question is intended to finance the extension of the JET 
device to full performance and its operation and exploitation with a participation rate of 80 °/o. 
The Swedish and Swiss contributions to the JET project shall be deducted directly from the 
financing of that part of the overall budget laid down for the project which is to be borne by the 
Community budget. 
Proposal for a Council Decision complementing Council Decision 84/1/EURATOM, EEC 
of 22 December 1983 — Realization of a tritium handling laboratory 
COM(84) 271 final 
(Submitted by the Commission to the Council on 22 May 1984) 
(84/C 198/04) 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN 
COMMUNITIES, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the 
European Atomic Energy Community, and in 
particular Article 7 thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, 
presented after consultation of the Scientific and 
Technical Committee, 
Having regard to the opinion of the European Par­
liament ('), 
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and 
Social Committee (2), 
Whereas, in the context of the common policy 
relating to the field of science and technology, the 
multiannual research programme is one of the 
principal means whereby the European Atomic 
Energy Community can contribute to the 
O OJ No C 307, 14. 11. 1983, p. 116. 
(2) OJ No C 341, 19. 12. 1983, p. 9. safety and development of nuclear energy and to the 
acquisition and dissemination of information in the 
nuclear field; 
Whereas, during the period 1984 to 1987, the Joint 
Research Centre (JRC) must continue to play a 
central role in the Community's research strategy and 
to carry but work of common interest by drawing on 
a level of resources which is the equivalent of the 
level of the previous multiannual programme; 
Whereas more generally, the JRC programme as a 
whole must be in keeping with the conclusions of the 
Council of 10 March 1983 with regard to European 
research activities of particular significance; 
Whereas the Council Decision of 22 December 1983 
adopting a research programme to be implemented by 
the Joint Research Centre underlines a particular role 
of the JRC in the field of fusion technology and 
safety,