EN    EN  COMMISSION OF THE E UROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 9.12.2004 
COM(2004) 796 final 
  
Proposal for a 
COUNCIL DECISION 
on the position to be adopted by the European Community and its Member States  
within the Association Council establishe d by the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement 
establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member 
States, of the one part, and the Hashemite Kin gdom of Jordan, of the other part, with 
regard to the adoption of a Recommendation  on the implementation of the EU-Jordan 
Action Plan 
 
 2    EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM  
The 2002 Copenhagen European Council, closing accession negotiations with ten new States, 
recognised that enlargement presented an importa nt opportunity to take forward relations with 
neighbouring countries based on shared values , and stated that the Union remained 
determined to avoid new dividing lines in Eur ope and to promote stability and prosperity 
within and beyond the new borders of the Union. 
The Commission Communication “Wider Eur ope - Neighbourhood: A New Framework for 
Relations with our Eastern and Southern Neighbours” of March 20031 proposed the 
establishment of Action Plans with partner countries. On 16 June 2003, the Council welcomed 
this Communication and invited the Commission, with the contribu tion, where appropriate, of 
the High Representative, to pr esent proposals for Action Plans fo r all countries concerned as 
appropriate, commencing with Ukraine, Moldova,  and Southern Mediterranean partners with 
Association Agreements. 
On 14 June 2004, the Council welcomed th e Commission Communi cation “European 
Neighbourhood Policy – Strategy Paper”2. The Council also welcomed the Commission 
proposal to pursue the European Neighbourhoo d Policy (ENP) through Action Plans to be 
agreed jointly with the nei ghbouring countries concerned a nd invited the Commission to 
propose such Action Plans. Action Plans should have a minimum durati on of three years and 
be subject to renewal by mutual consent. Th ey should be based on co mmon principles but be 
differentiated, as appropriate, taking into account the specificities of each neighbour, its 
national reform processes and its relations with the EU. Action Plans should be comprehensive but at the same time identify cl early a limited number of key priorities and 
offer real incentives for reform. Action Plans should also contribute, where possible, to 
regional cooperation. The Council also defined how to advance and monitor implementation 
of action plans.  
The Commission, in close cooperation with th e Presidency and the High Representative on 
issues related to political cooperation and the CFSP, has held exploratory talks with Jordan 
which have resulted in agreement on a draft Action Plan. It covers a timeframe of three to five 
years. Its implementation will help fulfil the pr ovisions in the Association Agreement and will 
contribute to an increasingly close relationshi p with Jordan, involving a significant degree of 
economic integration and a deep ening of political co-operatio n. Implementation of the Action 
Plan will significantly advan ce the approximation of Jordan’s legislation, norms and standards 
to those of the European Union. 
The Action Plan is a broad tool for economic an d political co-operation, carrying to a further 
stage the commitments and objectives containe d in the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement. 
In accordance with the Council Co nclusions of 14 June 2004, stip ulating that the Action Plans 
will be approved by the Council and subsequently  endorsed by the respective Association or 
Co-operation Councils, the Commission attaches the text of a proposal for a Council Decision 
on the position to be taken by the European Comm unity and its Member States within the EU-
Jordan Association Council with regard to the adoption of a Recommendation on the 
implementation of the Action Plan in annex.  
                                                
 
1 COM(2003)104 
2 COM(2004)373 
 
 3    The Commission therefore requests the Council to adopt the attached proposal for a Council 
Decision. 
 
 4    Proposal for a 
COUNCIL DECISION 
on the position to be adopted by the European Community and its Member States  
within the Association Council establishe d by the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement 
establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member 
States, of the one part, and the Hashemite Kin gdom of Jordan, of the other part, with 
regard to the adoption of a Recommendation  on the implementation of the EU-Jordan 
Action Plan 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 
Having regard to Article 2 (1) of the C ouncil and Commission Decision 2002/357/EC, ECSC 
of 26 March 2002 on the conclusion of a Eu ro-Mediterranean Agreement between the 
European Communities and their Member States , of the one part, and the Hashemite Kingdom 
of Jordan, of the other part; 
Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, in particular Article 15 thereof; 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;3 
Whereas: (1) The Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishi ng an association between the European 
Communities and their Member States, of th e one part, and the Hashemite Kingdom of 
Jordan, of the other part, was signed on 24 November 1997 a nd entered into force on 1 
May 2002; 
(2) The Parties intend to agree on an EU-Jordan Action Pl an, which will support the 
implementation of the Euro-Mediterranean  Agreement through the elaboration and 
agreement of concrete steps towa rds attainment of  its objectives. 
HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS: 
Sole Article 
The position to be adopted by the European Community and its Member States within the 
Association Council established by the Euro-M editerranean Agreement establishing an 
association between the European Communities a nd their Member States, of the one part, and 
the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, of the other pa rt, with regard to the implementation of the 
EU-Jordan Action Plan shall be based on th e draft Recommendation of the Association 
Council annexed to this Decision. 
                                                
 
3 OJ C […] […], p. […9 
 
 5    Done at Brussels,  
 For the Council 
 The President   
 
 6    ANNEX  
draft 
RECOMMENDATION 
on the implementation of th e EU-Jordan Action Plan  
 
The EU/Jordan Association Council, 
Having regard to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreem ent establishing an association between the 
European Communities and their Member States , of the one part, and the Hashemite Kingdom 
of Jordan, of the other part, and in particular Article 91 thereof, 
Whereas: (1) Article 91 of the Euro-M editerranean Agreement gives the Association Council the 
power to make appropriate recommendati ons, for the purposes of attaining the 
objectives of the Agreement.  
(2) In terms of Article 101 of the Euro-Medit erranean Agreement, the Parties shall take 
any general or specific measures requi red to fulfil their obligations under the 
Agreement and shall see to it that the objectives set out in  the Agreement are attained. 
(3) The Parties to the Euro-Mediterranean Ag reement have agreed on the text of the EU-
Jordan Action Plan. 
(4) The EU-Jordan Action Plan will s upport the implementation of the Euro-
Mediterranean Agreement through the elabor ation and agreement between the Parties 
of concrete steps which will provide pr actical guidance for such implementation. 
(5) The Action Plan serves the dual purpose of  setting out concrete steps in bringing the 
fulfilment of the Parties’ obligations set out in the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement, and of providing a broader framework for furt her strengthening EU-J ordan relations to 
involve a significant measure of economic integration and a deepening of political 
cooperation, in accordance with the overall objectives of the Euro-Mediterranean 
Agreement. 
HAS ADOPTED THE FOLLOWING RECOMMENDATION: 
Sole Article 
The Association Council recommends that the Parties implement the EU-Jordan Action Plan 
in annex, insofar as such implementation is directed towards attainment of the objectives of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement.  
Done at [...] For the Association Council The President 
 
 7    ANNEX  
 
EU/JORDAN ACTION PLAN  
1. Introduction  
The enlargement of the European Union on 1 May 2004 has brought a historical shift for the 
Union in political, geographic and economic te rms. The EU and Jordan are now closer 
together than ever before and, as near neighbours, will reinforce their political and economic interdependence. Enlargement offers the opport unity for the EU and Jo rdan to develop an 
increasingly close relationship, going beyond co -operation, to involve a significant measure of 
economic integration and deep ening of political co-opera tion. The European Union and 
Jordan are determined to make use of this oc casion to enhance their re lations and to promote 
stability, security and well-being. The approa ch is founded on partnership, joint ownership 
and differentiation. It will contribute to the fu rther development of our strategic partnership.  
The European Neighbourhood Policy of the European Union sets ambitious objectives based 
on commitments to shared values and effectiv e implementation of political, economic, social 
and institutional reforms.  
Jordan is invited to en ter into intensified poli tical, security, economic and cultural relations, 
and shared responsibility in conflic t prevention and conflict resolution.  
The level of ambition of the EU-Jordan relationship will depend on the degree of commitment 
to common values as well as the capacity to im plement jointly agreed priorities. The pace of 
progress of the relationship will acknowledge fully the efforts and concrete achievements in meeting those commitments. 
The European Neighbourhood Policy is part of the European Union’s response to the 
Government of Jordan’s political reform agenda as set out in the “National Plan for Political 
Development”. This National Plan has been developed to progress with political reform 
designed to consolidate democracy, accountability, transparency and justi ce in Jordan, and to 
build a model for a modern, knowledge-based  Islamic and Arab country. The European 
Neighbourhood Policy also responds  to the Government of Jordan’s National Social and 
Economic Action Plan (2004-2006), which aims to develop a sustainable socio-economic 
reform process. 
This Action Plan is a first step in this process. It covers a timeframe of three to five years. Its 
implementation will help fulfil the provisions in the Association Agreement (AA) and will 
encourage and support Jordan’s national reform  objectives and further integration into 
European economic and social structures . Implementation of the Action Plan will 
significantly advance the approx imation of Jordanian legislat ion, norms and standards to 
those of the European Union. It will also build solid foundations for further economic integration based on the adoption and implemen tation of economic and trade-related rules and 
regulations with the potential to enhance trade,  investment and growth. It will furthermore 
help to devise and implement policies an d measures to promote economic growth, 
employment and social cohesion, to reduce pover ty and to protect the environment, thereby 
contributing to the long-term object ive of sustainable development. 
Jordan and the EU will cooperate clos ely in implementing this Action Plan. 
For the near future the AA remains a valid basis for EU-Jordan co-operation. 
 
 8    New Partnership Perspectives  
The European Neighbourhood Policy opens New Partnership Perspectives: 
• The perspective of moving beyond cooperati on to a significant degree of economic 
integration, including through a st ake in the EU’s Internal Market, and the possibility for 
Jordan to participate progressively in ke y aspects of EU policies and programmes. 
• An upgrade in the scope and inte nsity of political cooperation. 
• The opportunity for convergence of economic legislation, the opening of economies to 
each other, and the continued reduction of tr ade barriers which will stimulate investment 
and growth; 
• Increased financial support: EU financial assist ance for Jordan will be better targeted to 
support the actions identified in the present document, mainly to support the political 
reform and economic modernisation agen da of the Jordanian Government. The 
Commission is furthermore proposing a ne w European Neighbourhood and Partnership 
Instrument (ENPI) for this purpose, also covering the very important aspect of 
transnational cooperation. There will also be infrastructure investme nt support through the 
European Investment Bank;  
• Possibilities of gradual opening of or rein forced co-operation in  relevant Community 
programmes, promoting i.a. cultural, educationa l, environmental, technical and scientific 
links; 
• Support including technical assistance and twi nning to meet EU norms and standards and 
targeted support and advise for legislative approximation through mechanisms such as 
TAIEX; 
• Deepening trade and economic relations, extendi ng them progressively to cover agriculture 
and the service sector, and to provide the condi tions for increasing investment and exports;  
• Enhanced direct cooperation between administrations based on the bodies set up by the 
Association Agreement in particular in stitutionalised thematic sub-committees. 
In light of the fulfilment of the objectives of this Action Plan and of the overall evolution of 
EU–Jordan relations, consideration will be give n to the possibility of a new contractual 
relationship. The Commission has suggested that this could ta ke the form of a European 
Neighbourhood Agreement. The advisability of any new contractual arrangements will be 
considered in due time. 
Priorities for Action  
This Action Plan sets out a comprehensive set of priorities in areas within the scope of the 
Association Agreement. Among these priorities , all of which are important, particular 
attention should be given to:  
• Take forward a national dialogue on democracy and political life within the framework of 
the national political development plan. 
 
 9    • Continue to develop an independent and impa rtial judiciary. Further reinforcing of the 
administrative and judiciary capacity.  
• Take steps to develop further the freedom  of the media and freedom of expression 
• Further promote equal treatment of women, by preparing a plan to increase women’s 
participation in political and economic life. 
• Strengthen political dialogue and co-operation on issues of  international and regional 
interest including the Middle East Peace Proc ess and the fight against terrorism.  
• Take measures to improve business conditions to enhance growth and increase investment 
in Jordan.  
• Enhance Jordan’s export pot ential by: further liberalisat ion of trade, in goods and 
agriculture, simplifying and upgrading custom s legislation and procedures, improving 
industrial standards and modern isation of the sanitary and phytosanitary systems.  
• Take steps to prepare for a progressive  liberalisation of trade in services. 
• Effective management of migratory flows an d facilitation of movement of persons in 
conformity with the acquis, in  particular examine the scope for visa facilitation for short 
stay for some categories of pe rsons to be defined jointly. 
• Implement the Jordanian Sustainable Development Strategy, and implement the 
government’s strategy to reduce poverty 
• Develop the transport, energy and information society sectors and networks through sector 
liberalisation, investment in infrastructu res and interc onnection with EU networks. 
• Strengthen co-operation on science and technology 
Progress in meeting these priorities will be jo intly monitored in sub-committees established 
by the Association Agreement. On this basis, the EU, together with Jordan, will review the 
content of the Action Plan and decide on its adaptation and renewal. After three years, 
decisions by Jordan and the EU may be taken on the next step in the development of bilateral 
relations, including the po ssibility of new contractual links. This could take the form of a 
European Neighbourhood Agreement whose scope w ill be defined in the light of progress in 
meeting the priorities set out in the Action Plan. 
2. Actions  
2.1. Enhanced Political dialogue and reform  
Democracy and rule of law 
(1) Promote the stability and eff ectiveness of institutions st rengthening democracy and the 
rule of law including good governance and transparency 
– Establish a political dialogue between the European Parliament and the Jordanian 
Parliament. 
 
 10    – Support ongoing efforts to improve good governance and transparency (Jordan 
First Program and new reform agenda of the Government) in line with UN 
Conventions to which Jordan is party.  
Medium Term 
– Promote national dialogue on democracy, political life and relevant issues 
– Reform of the political parties law and the elections law. 
– Implement Government plans for preparing a comprehensive national programme 
for public sector reform. 
(2) Further enhancement of the independence and impartiality of the judiciary, upgrade 
its quality and strengthen its  administrative capacity 
– Implement the Judicial Upgrading Strategy 2004-2006, simplify judicial 
procedures and improve the speed  and efficiency of decisions. 
– Strengthen the capacity and efficiency of the justice administration, including 
adequate training of judges. 
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 
(3) Support the freedom of the media and st rengthening freedom of expression 
– Intensify on-going efforts to  promote freedom of expr ession and independence of 
the media 
– Strengthen the Higher Media Council 
– Develop training programs and instit utions for media professionals 
– Promote role of the priv ate sector in the media 
(4) Promote Freedom of association and Development of Civil Society 
– Implement the government’s plans for development of civil society 
Medium Term 
– Reform legislation on associations. 
(5) Ensure respect of human rights and fundamen tal freedoms in line with Jordan’s 
international commitments 
– Effective implementation of core UN C onventions to which Jordan is party. 
– Strengthen the capacity and effectivene ss of the National Commission for Human 
Rights  
– Establish a dialogue for co-operation on Human Rights and Democratisation in 
the framework of the Association Committee 
 
 11    – Enhance protection of children’s ri ghts and eliminate child labour. 
– Ensure effective application of existi ng legislation against ill treatment.  
(6) Promote Equal Treatment of women 
– Incorporate into national legislation intern ational Conventions to  which Jordan is 
party concerning women’s rights, incl uding implementation of measures 
strengthening punishment of crimes. 
– Exchange information and develop reliable statistics on these matters. 
Medium Term 
– Increase the participation of women in economic and po litical life by developing 
and implementing a plan to increase the pr oportion of women in  the labour force 
and in the political decision making process.  
(7) Promotion of fundamental social rights and core labour standards  
– Develop a dialogue on the fundamental soci al rights and labour rules to identify 
potential measures in this field.  
Medium Term 
– Implement the relevant International La bour Conventions to which Jordan is 
party. 
– Ensure adherence and effective implementa tion of relevant Jordan’s commitments 
to the core labour standards contai ned in the 1998 ILO Declaration on 
Fundamental Principles a nd Rights at Work and related core ILO Conventions. 
Co-operation on foreign and security policy 
(8) Strengthen the Political dialogue and co -operation on foreign and security policy 
– Develop an enhanced political dialogue a nd regular exchange of information on 
Common Foreign Security and Defence Poli cy (CFSP) and European Security and 
Defence Policy (ESDP).  
– Work with the EU to make multilate ral institutions and conventions more 
effective, so as to reinforce global  governance, strengthen coordination in 
combating security threats and addr ess related development issues.  
Regional and international issues, conf lict prevention and crisis management. 
(9) Strengthen dialogue and co-operation on regi onal and international  issues, conflict 
prevention and crisis management and addressing common security threats 
– Establish contact points a nd carry out exchanges of in formation on ESDP matters 
with the Secretariat of th e Council and the Commission. 
– Further develop co-operation with Jordan in the context of the Middle East Peace 
Process, Iraq and othe r regional initiatives.  
 
 12    – Actively promote the conclusion of the Euro-Mediterranean Peace and Stability 
Charter  
– Contribute to UN efforts to resolve re gional conflicts and promote effective 
multilateralism. 
Medium Term 
– Explore the possibility of pa rticipation in training ac tivities on conflict prevention, 
crisis and natural disaster management as well as in civil and military peace–keeping exercises and operations  in co-operation with the EU. 
(10) Further develop co-operation in addressi ng common security threats, including non-
proliferation of weapons of mass dest ruction and illegal arms exports  
– Cooperate on non-proliferation of wea pons o mass destruction, their means of 
delivery and ballistic missiles, including through implementing UNSC resolution 1540/04, ensuring full compliance with and national implementation of existing 
international obligations and promoting the accession to and implementation of 
other relevant international instru ments and export control regimes. 
– Further develop co-operation in the prev ention of and fight against the illicit 
trafficking of materials that are used in the manufacture of WMD. 
– Co-operate on developing effective systems of national export c ontrol, controlling 
export and transit of WMD related goods, including WMD end-use control on dual use of goods and technologi es, and effective sanctions  for breaches of export 
controls. 
– Apply the risk – based customs control ensuring safety and security of goods 
imported, exported or in transit, and expl ore possible definitions of standards for 
certification of operator (exporters and tr ansporters) intervening in commercial 
exchanges. 
– Improve overall co-ordinati on in the non-proliferation ar ea and examine specific 
threats related to WMD which undermine re gional security and the scope of co-
operation in addressing them. 
– Promote the relevant provisions on the po litical and security partnership of the 
Barcelona Declaration with the objective to pursue a mutually and effectively 
veritable Middle East zone free of weapons of mass destruction. 
(11) Combating terrorism 
– Strengthen EU-Jordan co-operation on th e fight against and prevention of 
terrorism 
– Co-operate to reinforce the role of the UN in the multilateral fight against 
terrorism, including thro ugh full implementation of UNSC Resolutions 1373/01 
and 1267/99, and implementation and enforcement of the UN Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism;  
– Ensure respect of human rights in the fight against terrorism. 
 
 13    2.2. Economic and Social Reform and development  
Monetary, exchange rate and fiscal policies 
(12) Consolidate progress in macro-economi c stabilisation and gr owth policies. 
– Pursue the implementation of a nationa l macroeconomic stabilisation programme, 
taking into account the regi onal situation, with the aim to consolidate the 
achievements in the areas of price stab ility, lowering public debt and fiscal 
stability.  
– Continue improving public finance manage ment and transparency; continue the 
policies for achieving a sustainabl e fiscal and pension system.  
– Increase efficiency of the public sector in line with the Government programme of 
reform. 
Functioning of Market Economy 
(13) Continue progress in the es tablishment of fully functi oning market economy through 
structural reforms.  
– Continue progress with th e privatisation program.  
– Strengthening banking regulat ion and supervision.  
– Review structural economic reforms and monitor EU-Jordan co-operation within 
the framework of the economic dialo gue of the Association Agreement. 
(14) Promote investment in Jordan 
– Develop a strategy to promote domestic i nvestment and attract foreign investment 
to Jordan, including regulatory simplifica tion, administrative fac ilitation, training 
of operators, and extension of commerc ial representations within the EU. 
– Develop a business-to-business dialogue  and contacts be tween investment 
promotion agencies to identify inve stment opportunities and obstacles. 
Social situation employment and poverty reduction  
(15) Enhance Social Development and co-operation 
– Implement the strategy of social de velopment and poverty reduction in 
accordance with the socio-ec onomic transformation plan 
– Develop and implement market driven st rategies for addressing the problem of 
unemployment. 
– Engage in a dialogue on employment and so cial issues with a view to identify 
potential measures in this field. 
 
 14    Regional Development 
(16) Strengthening socio-economic cohesion of Jordan regions 
– Strengthen the regional development management structures. Implement the 
decentralisation of programme of serv ices delivery and management at 
governorates level. 
– Support the reduction of region al disparities in social and economic development, 
in particular in rural areas in accordan ce with the Jordanian programme of rural 
and regional development. 
Sustainable Development 
(17) Promotion of sustainable development 
– Carry out a gap analysis of the exis ting Jordanian Sustainable Development 
Strategy ( Agenda 21) 
– Prioritise actions contained in the strategy already as well as those resulting from 
the gap analysis 
Medium-term:  
– Implement priority actions of the Stra tegy as defined within the short term. 
2.3. Trade related issues, ma rket and regulatory reform  
2.3.1. Movement of goods  
Trade Relations 
(18) Liberalisation of trade in goods. 
– Develop a joint monitoring system of th e tariff-dismantling schedule for industrial 
goods. 
– Elimination of non tariff barriers. 
– Examine the possibility for further libera lisation of trade in agricultural products. 
Identify areas with e xport potential to the EU. 
– Staff training and capacity building in the Ministry of Trade and Industry on 
international trade relations. 
– Work towards the conclusion of free trade agreements with othe r countries in the 
region. 
(19) Enhancing Jordan’s Export Potential 
– Develop and implement a national stra tegy for exports promotion including 
training of operators and developing bus iness to business marketing networks. 
 
 15    Medium Term:  
– With a view to increasing transparency for economic operators elaborate rules of 
procedure for dispute settlement for the existing Association Agreement. 
Customs  
(20) Improve functioning of customs service and simplification and modernisation of 
customs procedures  
– Further harmonisation and simplificati on of customs legislation, code and 
procedures in accordance with Palermo recommendations. 
– Strengthen co-operation with other agencies working at the border.  
– Conclude and implement the new protoc ol on Pan Euro-mediterranean origin 
cumulation.  
– Strengthen administrative co-operation to combat irregularities and fraud in 
customs and related matters. 
– Develop EU-Jordan co-operation with re gard to risk based customs control 
ensuring safety and security  of goods imported, exported or  in transit, and define 
standards for certification of operators (e xporters and transporte rs) intervening in 
commercial exchanges. 
Medium-term: 
– Further convergence of customs related legislation  
– Strengthen customs laboratory expertise 
– Adopt and implement a Customs Ethics Policy  
Technical regulations, standards and co nformity assessment procedures (EU 
harmonised areas) 
(21) Facilitate market access of industrial products. 
– Implement the Palermo Action Plan for th e Free Movement of Industrial Products 
approved by the July 2003 Euro-Mediterra nean Conference of Trade Ministers. 
– Establish a list of priority sectors for Jord an to participate in the internal market. 
– Adapt the Jordanian institu tions in charge of implem enting product legislation and 
train the various stakeholders. 
– Raise the awareness of economic operators. 
Medium Term 
– Harmonise and implement the relevant legislative framework with the acquis 
communautaire, including the legislation on liability for defective products and 
 
 16    general product safety; harmonise na tional standards with European and 
international standards for industrial products. 
– Strengthen the institutions in charge of standardisation, accre ditation, conformity 
assessment, metrology and market survei llance; integrate them to the extent 
possible within European and international structures. 
– Simplify procedures to avoid multiple testing requirements. 
– Negotiate an Agreement on Conformity Assessment and Acceptance of Industrial 
Products. 
Restrictions and streamlined administration (EU non-harmonised areas) 
(22) Facilitate the movement of goods and improve admi nistrative co-operation. 
– Ensure that interested Jordanian private sector associations, representing the 
majority of private sector operating in Jordan in accordance with national laws 
and regulations, are given an opportunity  to comment on new draft legislation. 
– Ensure that interested parties are given an opportunity to identify problems related 
to movement of goods. 
Medium Term 
– Analyse legislation and administrative pro cedures with a view to identifying and 
progressively removing discrimina tion against imported products.  
– Ensure that there is a central administra tive unit responsible for implementation of 
movement of goods. This could also be a contact point to improve information 
flows and co-operation between the EU a nd Jordan and provide information to 
operators.  
Sanitary and phytosanitary issues 
(23) Increase food safety for Jordanian and European consumers. Reforms and 
modernisation of the sanita ry and phytosanitary sectors 
– Continue work towards full implementation of the WTO agreement on the 
application of the Sanitary and Phytosanit ary measures and active participation in 
relevant international bodies (O IE, IPPC, Codex Alimentarius). 
– Draw up a list of measures for gradua l legislative approximation towards the 
principles of the EU legislation: sa nitary and phytosanitary, food and animal 
traceability and hygiene. First step towards the setting up of an animal identification and traceability system. 
– Develop a food policy and an action plan 
– Strengthen regulation to prevent the pl acing on the market of unauthorized 
substances, including plant protection products and ensure the monitoring of 
residues of these substances  in live animals, animal products and plant products 
for food and feed. 
 
 17    – Explore the possible reorganisation of the Jordan food safety control system under 
a unique Food Safety authority and the deve lopment of an official risk assessment 
and management structures and inspectio n services. Strengthening of the general 
sanitary and phytosanitary controls. Work towards the interconnection of the 
national rapid verification/action system for dangerous goods with the Rapid Alert 
System for Food and Feed. 
– Take steps to increase participation of stakeholders in the Jordan food policy 
formulation and enforcement. 
Medium Term 
– Increase convergence with EU food safe ty principles and general foodstuff 
labelling requirements; examine potential for progressive abolition of pre-market approval systems for food products. 
2.3.2. Right of establishment, Company law and services.
 
Establishment and company law 
(24) Remove obstacles to the establis hment and operation of companies. 
a) Operation of Companies 
– Establish a suitable environment for companies. 
– Co-operate to facilita te foreign investment 
b) Establishment 
– Co-operate to facilitate the establishment of companies. 
– Without prejudice of annex VI of the agreement ensure reciprocal national 
treatment for EU and Jordanian subsidiaries, companies or branches. 
c) Company law: 
– Work towards convergence with key principl es of international and EU rules and 
standards including the esta blishment of a public re gister of undertakings, a 
national gazette for the publication of companies data and ensure control of the 
incorporation of a company or the compatib ility of certain acts in accordance with 
national laws and regulations.  
– Efficient implementation of a code on corporate governance  
Medium Term: 
– Establish a high-quality audit profession. 
 
 18    Services  
(25) Gradual abolition of restricti ons on supply of services 
– Establish the Euromed framework protocol  to enable the possibility of open 
bilateral negotiations. 
– Develop a strategy to enhance the competitiveness of the Jordanian services sector 
including regulatory simplification a nd administrative facilitation for both 
Jordanian and EU sectors.  
– Support Jordan to prepare for future liberalis ation of trade in services in selected 
sectors in accordance with Government  Policies. Jordan to proceed with 
consultations with its private economic operators to identify sectors for potential co-operation.  
– Explore possibilities of facilitating th e supply of services including by the 
development of the necessary administ rative structures and the removal of 
identified barriers.  
(26) Development of financial services. 
– Enhancement of a prudential regulatory  framework for financial services. 
– Set up and train independent authorities  to ensure effective supervision  
2.3.3 Movement of capital and current payments
 
(27) Further development of capital markets.  Liberalisation of Payments, Capital 
Movements  
– Review current legislation to assess th e need for further liberalisation of 
movement of capitals and to guarantee th e free transaction movement of capitals 
relating in particular to di rect investment and the prot ection of foreign investment. 
Medium term: 
– Complete liberalisation of capital movements  
2.3.4 Movement of persons including workers  and social security co-ordination  
(28) Facilitate the movement and in tegration of workers.  
– Equality of treatment of Jordanian a nd Community workers nationals who are 
legally residing and working in the te rritory of the Community or Jordan, 
elimination of discrimination. 
– Coordination of social security schemes. 
 
 19    2.3.5. Regional co-operation  
(29) Support the development of policies promoting regional integration. 
– Develop south-south trade and regional co-operation initiatives including support 
for the implementation of the Agadir  agreement, and promote trade and 
investment among the regional partners. 
– Continue work carried out in the devel opment of other regional trade promotion 
initiatives including the work carried out  by the trilateral working group on the 
Qualified Industrial Zones. 
– Promote the development of regional pr ojects in the environment, energy, 
telecommunications and transport. 
2.3.6. Other key areas  
Taxation 
(30) Further Development of the tax system and its institutions  
– Further reform of the tax system and work  to increase its compatibility with WTO 
norms. 
– Strengthening of the Tax Administrati on. Develop a comprehensive Strategy for 
the Tax Administration  
Medium Term 
– Complete the network of bilateral agr eements between Jordan and EU Member 
States on avoidance of double taxation. 
– Gradual approximation of the na tional tax legislation with  the principles/structure 
of the EU acquis. Depending on the level of Jordan’s access to the Internal 
Market, adoption of and compliance with the principles of the Code of Conduct 
for Business Taxation 
Competition policy and State Aid  
(31) Develop the conditions to enable competition between the EU and Jordan companies 
and among Jordanian companies. Establish implementing rules on competition, including in particular a consultation mechanism. 
– Adopt an Association Council Decision on implementing rules on competition. 
(32) Development of the mechanisms to monitor state aid grants 
– Establish a binding, uniform definition of St ate aid which is compatible with that 
of the EU and a national mechanism fo r collecting information on state aid. 
– Exchange with the EU of an annual repor t on the total amount and distribution of 
state aid, as foreseen by Article 53 of the Association Agreement. 
 
 20    (33) Develop legislation and an anti trust control re gime compatible with that of the EU. 
– Strengthen the Competition Directorate of the Ministry of Industry and Trade and 
other concerned institutions. 
– Assess the effectiveness of the current legislative framework, and of its 
implementation. 
– Take further steps to increase public awareness of the competition rules and 
policy. 
– Ensure the right of appeal to an indepe ndent court against decisions on anti-trust 
in accordance with national laws and regulations. 
(34) Ensure non-discrimination on the part of st ate monopolies of a commercial character. 
– Exchange of information, insofar as this  does not prejudice national security, on 
state monopolies and public enterprises which have been  granted special rights. 
For any sectors which should par ticipate in the internal mar ket, Jordan would have to put 
into place a State aids contro l regime and legislation compa tible with that of the EU 
including: 
Medium Term: 
– Prohibition of state aid which distort trade between the EU and Jordan. 
– A system of prohibition and ex -ante control of state aid. 
– A procedure between the EU and Jordan, to  settle cases that distort competition. 
Intellectual and i ndustrial property 
(35) Enhance protection of industrial an d intellectual property rights  
– Strengthen the Trade’s Industrial Property Protection Directorat e in the Ministry 
of Trade and Industry. 
– Reduce circulation and trafficking of c ounterfeit/pirated goods in specifically 
targeted sectors. 
Medium Term: 
– Accede to the main international agreements - including the conventions (and 
timeframe) provided for by the Associati on Agreement - and apply international 
standards. Explore the possi bility of applying key elements from the EU acquis, 
which are not covered by relevant international standards  
– Establish a dialogue with organisations  of rights holders and users of IP 
– Explore the possibility of enhanced interaction with other Euromed partners - 
further legal/administrative improvement s and co-ordination, membership of 
additional relevant conventions etc. 
 
 21    Statistics  
(36) Adoption of statistical methods compatible  with European standards in relevant 
statistical areas and advance the instituti on building of the Jordanian Statistical 
System 
– Elaborate a short and middle term deve lopment strategy for harmonisation with 
European standards in the re levant statistical areas. 
– Ensure that legislation on official st atistics is based on the fundamental UN 
principles. 
– First steps to develop economic and soci al statistics in c onformity with EU 
standards. 
– Continue the work on sustainable development indicators. 
Public procurement 
(37) Develop conditions for open and competitive award of contracts. 
– Improve the functioning of the current system through increased transparency, 
information and training.  
– Improve information  and awareness among contrac ting authorities and the 
business community about public procurement procedures. 
– Strengthen the Jordanian Public Procurement and Supplies Departments of the 
Ministry of Public Works and the Ministry of Finance. 
– Build capacity for e-procurement.  
Medium Term: 
– Harmonise procurement related regulations. 
– Convergence with and implementation of key acquis principles  e.g. transparency, 
non-discrimination, competition a nd access to legal recourse.  
– Explore opportunities for increased openi ng of the public procurement markets 
within the Euromed region. 
Enterprise policy 
(38) Improve the conditions for enterprise development  
– Modernise and improve the competitiven ess of Jordanian industry including 
through the development of a Jordanian st rategy for Industrial modernisation and 
competitiveness. 
– Improve business conditions including through the adoption and implementation 
of the Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise. 
 
 22    – Work towards implementation of the October 2003 strategy of the Euro-
Mediterranean Working Party on Industrial Co-operation. 
– Create a dialogue between business, administ rations and academic institutions for 
the identification of priority actions fo r business improvement and the exchange 
of best practice. 
Medium Term 
– Reinforce the role of enterprises and th eir representative or ganisations in the 
preparation of legislative and regulatory measures.  
Public Internal Financial Control and related issues 
(39) Develop the conditions for good financial management, accountability and control 
– Take first steps to develop independent internal audit systems for national budget 
in line with EU and interna tional norms and standards. 
– Strengthen and build the capac ity of the Jordanian Audit Bureau in line with EU 
and international norms and standards. 
– Start work to develop administrative capaci ty to prevent irregularities affecting 
national and international funds. 
– Ensure effective co-operation with the relevant EU Institutions  
2.4. Co-operation in Justice and Home Affairs  
Migration issues (legal and illegal mi gration, readmission, visa, asylum) 
(40) Management of migratory flows and prevention of illegal migration 
– Dialogue on asylum issues. 
– Exchange of information on migration issu es (entry and stay, integration) and 
illegal migration  
– Discussion on the possibility of co -operation on transit migration. 
(41) Start and develop dialogue in visa issues 
– Develop visa co-operation, including the po ssible adaptation of visa systems, the 
visa and travel documents issuing procedure including their security 
– In order to facilitate the circulation of  persons, examine within the context of 
existing structures, de possibilities of facilitation visa issuing (simplified and accelerated procedures in conformity with the acquis) 
 
 23    Border management  
(42) Development of an effici ent border management 
– Exchange of information and practices  on EU standards concerning border 
management 
– Develop regional co-operation between relevant law enforcement bodies  
Fight against organised crime 
(43) Ratification and implementation of  international instruments 
– Ratification and implementation of th e United Nation Convention against 
Transnational Organised Crime. Signature  and ratification of  the Protocols on 
smuggling migrants, trafficking in pe rsons and illicit manufacturing and 
trafficking of firearms. 
– Develop legislation following relevant in ternational standards and international 
conventions. 
– Exchange information on the methods to fight against trafficking of persons, and 
smuggling of illegal migrants, including the position of victims  
– Exchange of information on the fight against Cybercrime 
– Develop effective law enforcement agencies  for the fight against organised crime. 
Drugs  
(44) Reinforce the fight against drugs 
– Exchange information on the implementation of the 1988 UN Convention on 
Illicit Traffic of Narcotic and Psycho tropic Substances, including on reinforcing 
and/or harmonising national legislation  
– Exchange information on international co-operation in the fight against drugs 
– Start dialogue on regional co-operati on including on training of relevant 
authorities  
– Prevention of the diversion of precursors and other essential substances to the 
production of illicit narcotic drugs equivalent to those adopted by the Chemical Action Task Force ( CATF). 
Money laundering, financial and economic crime 
(45) Develop co-operation in the fi ght against money laundering  
– Exchange information and dialogue on the basic requirements in  accordance with 
relevant international standards and in ternational conventio ns. Start developing 
the legislative framework based on these standards. 
 
 24    – Co-operation between Jordanian Law enforcement agencies and international 
organisations as well as with corresp onding services of EU Member states 
– Exchange of information and dialogue c oncerning the institutional framework to 
support the fight against money laundering, financial and economic crime. Police 
and judicial co-operation 
(46) Develop co-operation between Jordan and EU  Member States judicial and law 
enforcement authorities  
– Implement relevant international conven tions and, where already ratified, start 
developing national legislati on for their implementation 
– Exchange of information between EU, EU Member states and Jordanian law 
enforcement agencies, including on matters related to the International Criminal 
Court. 
– Co-operation in the field of police tr aining between Jordanian and European 
police academies and colleges, as well as with CEPOL 
– Explore the possibilities for co-ope ration between Jordan and EUROPOL 
(European Police Office). 
(47) Develop adequate correctional centres (prisons) conditions  
– Exchange of information between the EU  and Jordan on correctional centres 
(prisons) including classifi cation systems for prisone rs, vocational training 
programmes and reintegr ation into society 
– Develop a national programme to implem ent improvements in correctional centre 
(prisons) conditions, including the enhancem ent of detention facilities having 
regard to the protection of fundamental human rights.  
Combating terrorism   
(48) Strengthening cooperation  to combat terrorism 
– Develop cooperation to strengthen the fight against the financing of terrorism in 
line with the standards laid down in the FATF recommendations on terrorism 
financing. 
– Develop cooperation between law enforcem ent agencies to combat terrorism. 
– Develop judicial cooperation in the context of combating terrorism. 
2.5. Transport, energy, informat ion society and environment  
Transport 
(49) Implement the National Transport Policy  
– Further develop the National Transport Po licy to include the development of all 
transport modes  
 
 25    – Strengthen and if necessary establish th e administrative structures to prepare 
specific plans for priority sectors. 
– Strengthen and if necessary develop the necessary independent regulatory 
authorities. 
– Develop an infrastructure policy in order to identify the priority infrastructure 
projects in various sectors as we ll as addressing financing issues.  
Regional element: 
– Participate in the planning and identification of priority regional infrastructure 
projects and the interconnection of this network with the tran s-European transport 
network. 
– Participate in the development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems in the 
Mediterranean region and in the new MEDA regional project on satellite 
navigation. 
– Adopt border crossing facilitation actions that aim to improve the functioning of 
the transport network in order to increase the fluidity of the transport flows between Jordan, regional partners and the EU.  
Medium Term: 
– Participate in the development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems in the 
Mediterranean region. 
– Implementation of a license regime both for passenger and freight operations with 
a view to ensuring level playing field in  particular in the freight sector . 
– Strengthening of bodies to enforce standard s in the field of social legislation and 
technical requirements with international conve ntions and EU standards in the 
area of dangerous goods and driving times. 
– Undertake work towards further approxi mation of legislative and regulatory 
frameworks with European a nd International standards. 
(50) Implement selected measures and reforms in the aviation sector 
– Implementation of the existing national aviation policy and further reinforce 
administrative capacity (including a se paration of regulatory and operational 
functions of the CAA).  
– Continue with the sector reform and gra dual market liberalization. Address issues 
of private investments in airport infrastru ctures and the opening of the market for 
ground handling services.  
– Prepare for negotiations on a comprehens ive aviation agreement with the EU. 
Revise bilateral aviation agreements conc luded with Member States with a view 
to include the Community designati on clause. Explore possibilities for 
involvement in the Single European Sky. 
 
 26    – Co-operation on aviation security matters (common rules to combat international 
terrorism). 
– Improve the management, control and safety of air traffic. 
Medium Term: 
– Develop industrial and research co-operati on with the EU in the aviation sector.  
(51) Implement selected measures and reforms in the maritime sector 
– Implement the National Maritime Policy for the development of the sector. 
– Strengthen the institutional structures in maritime administration in terms of ship 
inspectors and associated support personnel. 
– Strengthen cooperation in the field of maritim e security in order to fight terrorism 
within the framework of SOLAS/ISPS provisions.  
– Implement relevant international conventions.  
– Continue with the reform of the port sector (separation of operational and 
commercial functions). 
Medium Term: 
– Introduce stringent maritime safety provi sions with a view to exploring the 
possibilities of cooperating in EMSA activities. Continue to approximate the 
Jordanian maritime legislation to intern ational and EU standards. Effectively 
enforce maritime safety standards and effective enforcement in the areas of Port State Control and Flag State implementation. 
Regional element: 
– Take part in regional co -operation regarding maritime  policy, ports and short sea 
shipping. 
– Develop co-operation with EU and Medite rranean partners in the framework of 
the International Maritime Organisation and promote the participation in the new 
regional project on maritime safety (SAFEMED).  
Energy 
(52) Take steps to adopt an updated overall energy policy converging towards EU energy 
policy objectives. 
– Update and take steps to adopt, by the appropriate instance, the current energy 
policy document. 
– Gradual harmonisation of the Jordanian sta tistical and data registration systems in 
the energy sector with EU standards. 
– Modernise and develop the Nuclear Energy Commission. 
 
 27    – Strengthen and develop the capacity of  the Natural Resources Authority. 
Medium term  
– Implementation of an updated overall energy policy converging towards EU 
energy policy objectives. 
– Further develop EU-Jordan energy policy dialogue and cooperation. 
(53) Gradual convergence towards the principles of the EU internal electricity and gas 
markets. 
– Establish a list of measures for gradual convergence towards the principles of the 
EU internal electric ity and gas markets. 
– Cooperate, in the context of the Declara tion of Intent of 2 December 2003 on the 
Euro-Mashrek cooperation in the field of natural gas. 
– Effective electricity price developments towards the elimination of distortions. 
– Develop the Electricity Regulatory Co mmission towards an energy sector 
regulator independent from market operators. 
– Further advance in restructuring/pr ivatising the electricity sector. 
Medium term 
– Implement measures for gradual convergence towards the principles of the EU 
internal electricity and gas markets, co mplete electricity sector reform and 
continue the Euro-Mashrek gas cooperation. 
(54) Progress on energy networks. 
Short and medium term 
– Reduce electricity network losses. 
– Further development of regional energy infrastructures including the submarine 
electricity cable with Egypt, the electric ity interconnection with  Syria and the gas 
pipeline towards Syria. 
– Improve safety and security of energy infrastructure 
– Develop interconnections on oil, gas and electricity with the neighbouring 
countries 
(55) Progress on energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources. 
– Take steps to adopt an Action Plan for improving energy efficiency and enhancing 
the use of renewable energy. 
– Reinforce the institutions dealing with energy efficiency and renewable energy 
sources. 
 
 28    Medium term 
– Pursue measures in energy efficien cy and renewable energy sources. 
– Progress to reach Jordan's target to ensu re that 5 % of the country's energy needs 
are covered by the year 2015 by renewable energy sources in the medium term.  
Information Society  
(56) Progress in the development and use of  Information Socie ty applications 
– Elaborate a national policy on the development of the se ctor including regulatory, 
economic, technological and social asp ects, including advanced services 
– Take steps to liberalise the market for fixed voice telephony. 
– Work towards developing a harmonized  regulatory framework including 
licensing, access and interconnection, num bering, Universal Service and users 
rights, privacy protection and data s ecurity, cost-orienta tion of tariffs.  
– Implement Government’s plan for the pr omotion of the Information Society and 
implement the e-Transaction law as well as the current plan s on e-Government, e-
Commerce and e-Finance. 
– EU support, including training and co operation in regional eStrategies. 
– Encourage broadband development in orde r to increase internet penetration. 
Environment   
(57) Take steps to ensure that conditions fo r good environmental go vernance are set and 
start implementing them  
– Enhance administrative structur es and procedures to ensu re strategic and financial 
planning as well as implementation, includi ng strengthening of the Ministry of 
Environment. 
– Review the National Environment Action Plan NEAP.  
– Complete the adoption of the Environmen t Protection Law; take steps to Adopt 
by-laws on environment  
– Implement priority actions of the Nati onal Environmental Education, Awareness 
and Communication Strategy. 
Medium-term: 
– Prepare a state-of-the environment re port by the end of 2006, drawing on from 
support and experience by UNEP and Eu ropean Environment Agency, where 
appropriate; 
 
 29    (58) Take active action for prevention of deterior ation of the environment, protection of 
human health, and achievement of rational use of natural resources, in line with the 
commitments of the Johannesburg summit 
Medium term: 
– Seek incentives to promote environmen tally sound production patterns within 
Jordanian industries. 
– Take steps towards adoption of specific  programmes/plans on selected priority 
sectors  
(59) Enhance co-operation on environmental issues 
– Identify possibilities for enhanced regiona l co-operation, in part icular in relation 
to water issues  
– Possible participation in selected Europ ean Environment Agency (EEA) activities  
– Work towards the implementation of the provisions under the Kyoto Protocol and 
the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.  
Medium term  
– Implement provisions under the Kyot o Protocol and the UN Framework 
Convention on Climate Change  
Science and technology, research and development 
(60) Accelerate the integration of Jordan in to the European Research Area and the 
Community Framework Programme 
– Complete negotiations and start implem entation of the Science and Technology 
agreement. 
– Put into place and reinforce mutual information systems 
– Put into place the network of nationa l contact points for the 6th Framework 
programme and connect the RDT-I operators 
– Organise the EU-Jordanian co-operation in RDT-I  
– Strengthen the Higher Council for Scie nce and Technology and the Higher 
Committee for Scientific Research. 
– Develop a sound policy for Scientif ic Research and Development 
– To facilitate Jordan’s participation in the 6th Community R&D Framework 
Programmes and in other EU scientific activities.  
 
 30    (61) Develop the scientific and technological capacity with a focus on the use of RTD 
results by the industr ial and SME sector  
– Reinforce the human resources, as well as the material and institutional means to 
improve the capacities of  the RTD-I operators. 
– Organise a concerted interaction between the scientific actors and the end users 
(industry, SME), public-private 
(62) Promote the integration of Jordan in to scientific high-level exchanges  
– Reinforce Jordan’s participation in the international Marie Curie scholarships; 
foresee appropriate mechanisms for return 
– Reinforce the exchange of personal in  the joint projects and promote the 
participation of Jordanian scientists in international scientific debates  
2.6. People-to-people contacts  
Education, training and youth 
(63) Reform and upgrade the e ducation and training system s and work; within the 
framework of the Jordanian national progr amme, towards convergence with EU 
standards and practice. 
– Develop and implement a vocat ional training programme  
– Reform the education system according to the Jordanian national programme. 
Work towards to enhancing the qualit y and the capacity of institutions and 
organisations involved in the quality assu rance of education and training provision 
Address accreditation an d licensing procedures; 
– Take steps to increase the involvement of  civil society stakeholders and social 
partners in higher education and VET reform; 
– Encourage the participation in the Erasmus Mundus programme.  
– Foster the development of human resour ces and human capital, and promote the 
reform of  higher education through the TEMPUS III programme.  
– Aim at the reform of higher education in  line with the principles of Bologna 
process.  
(64) Enhance co-operation in the field of education, training and youth  
– Establish a policy dialogue between EU and Jordanian au thorities in the field of 
education and training 
– Explore the possibility of extending co-ope ration in the areas of school education, 
vocational education and tr aining through the possible extension of the TEMPUS 
programme. 
– Increase links among Jordanian educa tional institutions and with the EU 
 
 31    – Enhance youth exchanges and co-operation in the field of non-formal education 
and intercultural dialogue  
Culture and audio-visual issues 
(65) Enhance cultural co-operation  
– Enhance Jordan’s participation in th e relevant EC cultural co-operation 
programmes. 
(66) Create conditions for an environment fa vouring co-operation and circulation of 
cultural and audio-visual goods and services 
– Work towards the development of a transparent, efficient and predictable 
regulatory system including through the establishment of an independent 
regulatory authority in th e audio-visual sector 
Public health 
(67) Increase the level of health securi ty, health information and knowledge 
– Exchange of information and know-how on health indicators and data collection 
– Invite relevant Jordanian authorities as observers in the meetings of the Network 
of Competent Authorities 
– Develop the Technical and administrative cond itions to integrate Jordan in the EU 
public health information and knowledge system  
(68) Communicable Disease Surveillance and He alth Security (Epidemiological 
Surveillance and Control) 
– Participation in Communicable Disease Networks and dedicated surveillance 
networks 
– Develop adequate laboratories networking 
3. Monitoring  
The Action Plans will be submitted for formal adoption to the EU-Jordan Association 
Council. The Action Plans will guide the work between the EU and Jordan. Should the need 
arise, on the EU side, for specific measur es necessitating legally binding decisions, the 
Commission will recommend to the Council th e adoption of the n ecessary negotiating 
directives.  
The joint bodies established under the Associ ation Agreement will advance and monitor the 
implementation of the Action Plan on the ba sis of regular report s on its implementation. 
A first review of the implementation of the Ac tion Plan will be undertaken within two years 
of its adoption. 
The Action Plan can be regularly amended and/ or updated to reflect progress in addressing 
the priorities. 
 
 32    Glossaire  
CAA:  Civil Aviation Authority 
CEPOL: European Police College EMSA: European Maritime Safety Agency FATF:  Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering IP:  Intellectual Property IPPC:  International Pl ant Protection Convention 
ILO:  International Labour Organisation NEAP:  National Environment Action Plan OIE:  Organisation Mondi ale de la Santé Animale 
TAIEX: Technical Assistance Information Exchange UNEP:  United Nations Environment Programme