ARCHIVESHISTORIQUES
DELACOMMISSION
COLLECTION RELIEEDES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM(79)518
Vol.1979/0179

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COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
COM (79)518 final
Brussels .8th October 1979
PROGRESS REPORT
ONTHE ADMINISTRATION OFTHE PROGRAMMES OF
TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TONON-ASSOCIATED
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES FOR1976 -1977 AND 1978
V.\
•r>cl^ \
COM(79)518final

Contents f
Introduction
1.ThenaLDCsProgramme
1.1.History
1.2.ProgrammeGuidelines
1.3.Natureandcoverage
1.4*SectoralAllocation
1.5.Geographical Allocation.
2.TheexécutionoftheProgramme
2.1.Generalcommentoonexécution
2.1.a.Administrative arrangements forpreparingtheprogramme
2.1."b.Typeofprojectsincluded /
2.I.e.Thenumberofcofinaneedprojeots
2.2.The1976programme
2.3.The1977programme
2.4*The1978programme
3»Conclusion
Annexe
Listofprojects.1976-*7°

Introduction
Article 15ofthedraft Regulation concerning financial and
technical assistance tonon-associated developing countries (Doc .S/791
(9CD 44)28April 1978 )states' that once ayear ,within the framework
oftheannual review ,theCommission shall provide theCouncil andthe
European ^Parliament with information ontheadministration ofthe
Community 'saidprogramme tonon-associated countries .
ι
While this draft Regulation hasnotyetbeen formally adopted ,
theCommission hasconsidered ituseful toapply already this provision
ofthe Regulation .
-Afirst progress report ,concerned with theexecution ofthe
1976 programme ,was submitted toCouncil on10October 1978 .Thepresent
report deals with theexecution ofthe1976 ,1977 and1978 programmes up
to31July 1979 .

1,ThenaLDCs Prorranrne ' • *
1.1.History ofthen.a .LDCs programme .
Then.a .LDCs programme commenced inI976 ,when atotal of20million
units ofaccount wasmade available forfinancial andtechnical assistance to
non-associated developing countries principally inAsia andLatin Amerioa .Inthe
following year 45million units ofaccount were allocated fortheprogramme ,
while for1978 "theallocation was70million European units ofaccount
ν
1.2 .TheGuidelines for then.a .LDCs programme
The1976 and1977 programmes were carri edoutunder anadhocprocedure ,
pending theadoption ofaRegulation governing this aidprogramme .TheCouncil has
already adopted acommon position onthedraft Regulation proposed bythe
Commission ,buttheconciliation procedure between Parliament andCouncil concern -^
ingtheregulation hasnotyetbeen .completed . . 4 .,The1970 programme wascarried outmaboordance with the principles suggested
inthis draft regulation andamplified inthegeneral guidelines .
.·
Aocording tothese principles ! -
-aidprovided under this programme shall beingrant form tandshall bemainly
directed towards thepoorest LDCs tohelp improve theliving conditions of
those sections oftheir populations that areinthegreatest need ;
-this aidshall beaimed essentially atdeveloping rural areas ,andparticular
emphasis shall beplaced ontheimprovement offood supplies ;
-asubsidiaiy portion ofthis aidshall bedirected towards regional projects ,
inwhich case itmaybepossible toinclude projects which fall outside the
rural sector ;
-alimited portion ofthis aidshould besetaside formeasures todeal with
exceptional circumstances ,andparticularly reconstruction projects
following catastrophes ;
-theaidmaybeused tooover both local andforeign-exchange costs ;
Theunits ofaccount used undfr thethree programmes arenotcomparable .
For1976 andI977 afixed exchange rate wasused -oneunit ofaccount
equalling US$1,25 US31.12 respectively .TheEuropean Unit ofAcoo-.it ,
which ofoourse hasafloating exchange ratei wasused starting with .
the1978 programme .

-3-
-aidshallbegrantedbytheCommunityeitherdirectlyorthrough
cofinancing withEECMemberStatesorwithmultilateral orregional
bodies.
–theallocationofthisaidshouldhelptomaintainaCommunitypresence
inthemajorregionsofthedevelopingworld.
Thecompositionoftheprogrammeshasfollowedcloselythegeneral
»guidelinesestablished bytheCommissionincooperationwith .
theCouncilandtheEuropeanParliament,
1.3.Natureandcoverageofthen.a.LDCsProgrammes
Theprogrammeshavebeenpreparedonthebasisofprojeotsidentifiedby
theCommission'sstaffinCooperation withtheMemberStates
andinternational aidorganizations aswellasthegovernments oftheeligible
countries.Inselectingprojects,accountwastakenoft
–thegeneralaidprinciplesasindioatedinthedraftregulations and
elaboratedintheguidelines )
–thestateofpreparationofthevariousprojects;
–theprioritiesindicatedbythegovernments ofthepotentialbeneficiary
,countries;
–thepracticalpossibilities offollowingourcriteriaintermsofthe
procurement ofgoodsandservices;
–theadvantagesofarrangingcofinancements withMemberStatesandwith
theprincipalinternational organizations .
,Information abouttheindividualprojectshasbeencommunicated
informallyeachyeartoCouncilandParliament.Alistofprojects,-
showing,ineachcase,thesizeoftheEECcontribution andtheamount
disbursedupto31July1979isappended.
The1976programmeinvolvedeightprojects,withsixcountriesand
twointernational organizations beingrepresented.Threeoftheprojeotswere
cofinancedwithinternational organizations andfivewerefinancedautonomously
bytheEEC#
\·.

The1977programmeinvolvedtwentyprojects,withtwelvecountries
andsixorganizations "beingrepresented.Twelveoftheprojectswerecofinanced
withinternational organizations andeightwerefinancedautonomously by.the
EEC.
Thirty-sixseparateprojeotswereproposedforthe1978programme,with
thirteencountriesandelevenorganizations "beingrepresented.Nineteen
projeotswerecofinancedwithMemberStatesorinternational' organizations ,
whileseventeenwerefinancedautonomously "bytheEEC.
Whileforthe1976and1977programmescommitmentshadto"bemade
"bytheendofthe"budgetyearconcerned,itwaspossibleforthe1978programme
tomakecommitmentsoveratwo-year ,pericd®Infact,however,all"but
6$of1973programmefundshad"beencommitted "bytheendofMarch1979»
Overthethreeprogrammesasawhole/(whichincludedatotalof
64projects)thirty-fourprojects
have"beencofinanced,ofwhichfiveprojeotshavebeencofinancedwiththe
MemberStates(threedirectlyandtwoindirectlythroughaninternational
organization).Sincethe1977programmeaparticularefforthasbeenmade
tocofinanceprojectswiththeMemberStates*inordertoutilisetheir
experience andthustostrengthentheimpactofCommunityaid,andit
ishopedthatthenumberofsuohprojeotswillincreaseinfuture.
TheotherimportantcofinanoingpartnersaretheAsianDevelopment
Bank(8projects),theWorldBank(7projects)ttheInter–American Development
Bank(6projects)andtheConsultative GrouponInternational Agricultural
Research(7projects).IntermsoftheamountofCommunityfundsinvolved,
however,theAsianDevelopment Bankwassignificantly themostimportant
cofinancingpartner,accountingforapproximately 14%ofthetotalresources
devotedtothethreeprogrammesasawhol«.

5
1*4*Sectoral allocation
Thedistribution ofthevarious projeots among thedifferent
sectors isshown "below *
Sector 3976 1977 1978 ■Total 2
A% MUA MEUA %?
7°
Γ- Integrated rural develop - 7.0 35.0 5.8 12.9 17.8 27.2 23.4
ment
Storage infrastructure 0.0 0.0 14.8 32.9 15.5 23.7 23.2
Irrigation &water-control
infrastructure 7.5 37.5 9.0 .20.0 8.7 13.3 19.5
Other rural projects 2.0 10.0 3.8 :8.5 3.4 5.2 7.1
fisheries &fish processing 0.0 0.0 2.9 6.4 3.0 4.6 4.5
Agricultural research 2.0 10.0 6.4 14.2 3.4 5.1 9.0
Studies &technical
assistance
•»rural sector 1.5 7.5 2.1 4.7 8.3 12.7 9.1
–other 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.9 4.4 2.2
Post-catastrophe
reconstruction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 3.1' 1.5
(direct administrative
charge ) 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.6
TOTAL 20.0 100.0 45.0 100.0 .65.5 100.0 100.0
Notincluding astill uncommitted sumof4»5MEUA*
\
2 . . . .Approximate percentages only *

I-6~
The above figures indicate "theemphasis given torural sector
projects ,with integrated rural development ,storage infrastructure ,
irrigation andtechnical assistance projects accounting forthemajor
proportions oftotal aid .
Integrated rural developmerft projects ,though often amongst the
most difficult toimplement ,commonly permit amore direct andimmediate
action infavour ofthemost disadvantaged groups .
Inadequate storage facilities arerecognised tobeamajor source of
wastage offood supplies inLDCs ^which warrants theattention which hasbeen
given tothis sector .
Afrequently encountered problem inthepoorest ofdeveloping
countries •-that ,while there exists apressing need toalleviate problems
• •.oiral poverty ,theshortage ofsuitable projeots isparticularly acute in
this field .Thetechnical assistance andstudies finanoed bytheCommunity
areintended tohelp remedy this deficiency . , .
.^
Only asmall proportion (approximately 2>)wasdevoted toprojeots
outside therural sector andthis waaforstudies topromote regional
integration . 1
1978 was "thefirst year that areserve appeared inthegeneral
orientation oftheprogramme ,formeasures intended todeal with exceptional
circumstances ,andinparticular with reconstruction projects following
disasters andforcatastrophe prevention andpreparedness measuresi The
inclusion ofsuoh projeots intheprogramme must ,however ,reflect the
incidence ofdisasters and theability ofrecipients tooffer suitable
projects attheappropriate time .Despite thefact that allthecountries
where disasters occurred were informed oftheexistence ofthereserve »only
India provided information about possible actions .Consequently ,itwauonly
possible toutilise thereserve foroneproject -theprovision ofcyclone -
protection shelters intheSouth East ofthat country .
TheI977 and1978 programmes each included anallowance fordirect
administrative expenses (200,000 UA and600,000 EUArespectively ). It
should beexplained that these relatively lowamounts (.just0,6%oftotal
programme resouroas )donotoover theoost oftheCommission 'sstaXf engaged
•A

_7_l
ontheprogramme(whoarepaidoutofaseparateCommunitybudget),northe
chargesmade"bycofinancingpartnersforadministering theEECcontributions
•-to©financedprojects(which,insofarastheyarise -areincludedinprojeot
costs).Theadministrative allowancehasbeenusedtoengagetheservicesof
outsideexperts,mainlyforprojectsupervision,butalsoforprojeot
identification andappraisal.
*
1.5»Geofraphical allocation
Asaproportionofthefundsavailable,projectswitharegional
orientationaccountedfor18foofthe1976programme,21%in1977and15$in
1978(thoughforLatinAmericain1978theproportionisover3&f°)•
<•
Althoughtheamountofresourcesdevotedtoregionalprojectsincreasedslightly
between1977and1978,thedeclineintheproportionofresourcesdevotedto
regionalprojectsgoesagainsttheCommunity'sconfirmedintentionofgiving
aprivilegedpositiontothistypeofaid.However,thiscanbeaccountedfor
bytheunpreparedness oftheLDCstograspthevariouspossibilities forprojects
ofcommoninterest,andthusoftheirinabilitytoutilisefullythefunds
available.
Thegeographical allocationofaidbetweenAsia,AfricaandLatin
Americaisshownbelows
ν
Region1976
Amount
(MUA)%
I1977
Amount
(ICUA)%1978
Amount
(MEUA)%
Asia
LatinAmerica
Africa18.090
2.010
0.0034.878
10.022
0>0051.974
14.020
3.55
Sub-Total 20.010044.8100
I69.499
Directadministration
expenses 0.00,00.2 0.61
TOTAL 20.010045.010070.0100

Theallocationofaidamongcontinentshas"beeninaccordance
withtheguidelines,AsiareceivingoverICffoofthetotalaidineach
year.AmajorpartofthishasbeendevotedtotheIndiansub–continent v
whichaccountedforovertwo-thirdsofaidunderthe197^programmeand
aroundonehalfin19771978#
Thedirectbeneficiaries coyer17countries(withatotal
populationofoveronebillion),3regionalintegrationorganizations ,
5international andoneregionalresearchinstitute,tworegionalbanks
andonenationaldevelopment bank,andonenon-governmental continental
federation.
2.TheExecutionoftheProgramme
2.1.GeneralCommentsontheexecutionoftheprogrammes
Inconsideringtheexecutionofthen.a,LfiCsprogrammescertain
importantfeaturesofCommunityaidtonon-associated developingoountries
»
shouldbetakenintoaccounti
(a)Theadministrative arrangementsforpreparingtheprogramme;
(b)Thetypeofprojectsincludedintheprogramme }
(c)Thenumberofcofinaneedprojects*
2.1.a.Administrative Arrangements
Itshouldberememberedthataidtothen.a.LDCsisacompletely
'newfieldfortheCommunityandthatnofinalprocedureshavebeenagreed
astohowtheprogrammeshouldbeadministered .Also,owingtotheannual
characteroftheprogramme,theprocessofprogramming,projectidentification
andappraisal,aswellascommitment,mustallbefittedwithinoneyear.
Forotheragencies,workingwithpluriannualprogrammes,thisprocesswould
normallybespreadovertwooreventhreeyears.'
Infutureitmaybepossible ,toovercomecertainoftheproblems
associatedwithannualitybydevelopingaregularexchangeofinformationwith
cofinancin/-partnersandrecipientcountriesre^ardin^possibleactions.Whileit
would,ofcourse,beimpossibletoenterintoprematurecommitmentsfor
projectstobefinancedoutoffutureyearsprogrammes,thedevelopmentof
"project-pipelines "shouldimprovethecoordinationoftheoverallaideffort^
whilstenablingtheCommission'sservicestobecomeincreasinglyinvolvedin
"thepreparation,andeventuallytheconception,ofprojectswiththeCommunity's
croofinaacingpartners*

Theprocess ofprogramme preparation hasbeen made even more difficult
"bythe absence ofin-field representation inthen.a .LDCs ,which often have
different administrative structures andprocedures from :theAfrican countries
towards which Community aidhas sofarbeen directed .
Partly asaresult ofthese factors commitments forthefirst
three programmes were only entered into attheendofeach yearj on15December
197° forthe1976 programme and 21December 1977 for "the1977 programme .For
the1972 programme rcommitments were first entered into on20December 1978 sod -
runaa were rally committed ,butforavery small proportion ,byMaroh1979 »
Atruer representation ofthepayments position forthe three
*
programmes maybeobtained from thetable below .Comparisons between
years arenotparticularly relevant ,since the1976 programme contains
oyily 8projects ,which isarather small number fortheaverage tobevery
meaningful .However ,itcanbeseen that disbursements forthe1976
programme stood at30$after thefirst year ,butrose to60$only after a
further 18months .Thepattern ofdisbursement indicates thediscrete
nature ofpayments .Disbursements forthe 1977 programme more than doubled
between the12th and18th month *Disbursements forthe1978 programme have -of
course only recently oommenced .
Percentage ofCommitments disbursed
ProgrammeI period following commitment .
6 12 18 24inmonths
30
197& 30.0% 31.51» 46.4% 60.3%
1977 - 2.4% 11.1% 23.2
1978 2.3#
Itishoped that itwill infuture bepossible ,with improved working
methods ,toenter into commitments somewhat earlier intheyear than hitherto *
Butgiven thetime required tofully identify &idappraise projects,' andthe
shortage ofCommission staff working ontheprogramme ,.preparation must
inevitably take upasignificant part oftheyear .- .

^10-
2.1.b»TypeofProject
Asecondimportantpointwhichshould "berecognizedisthatprojects
whichcomplymostcloselywiththeguidelinesforthema,LDCsprogramme-
projectsconcernedwithfood(suppliesandthosewhichbenefitthepoorest
sectionsoftheruralpopulationsofthepoorestcountries–aretypically
amongthemostdifficulttoprepareandtheslowesttoimplement.Long
leadtimes(i.e.thetimo–lagsbetwefentheadoptionoffinancingdecisions
andthemakingofpayments)arethustosomeextentinevitableifthe
programmeistoachieveitsobjectiveofdirectingaidtotheruralpoor.
Thispointhasalreadybeennotedbycommentators onvariousother
aidprogrammeswhichhaveattemptedtofulfilsimilarobjectives,andhasbeen
usedtoaccount,inpart,fortheapparentslownessofdisbursement ofprojects
financedfromtheEDF*.
Progresswiththeexecutionofprogrammesmustdependtoaconsiderable
extentonthetypeofprojectst'hatareincluded.Obviously,implementation
schedulesvarybetweenprojectsajidthegreatertheproportionofprojects
withlongerdrawn-outimplementation schedulestheslowertheexecutionofthe
programmeoverall. ^
Theprojectsthathavebeenthemostreadytoimplementandthesoonest
tocompletearethosewhereCbmmunityparticipation involvedmerelythefunding
ofactivitiesthatwerealreadydefinedorongoing.Intothiscategoryfall
thegrantstotheresearchinstituteswhicharemembersoftheConsultative
GrouponInternational Agricultural Research(CGIAR).-Theinstitutesare
usedtohandlingdonationsofthissortandtheresearchprogrammesare
preparedwellinadvanceoffundsbecomingavailable.Outofatotal
commitmenttotheCGIARinstitutesof6.8MUAoverthethreeyears1programmes,
5«7MUAhasalreadybeendisbursed.
Anotherimportantfeaturemakingforearlydisbursement ofEECfunds
isthedegreetowhichprocedureshavebeendevelopedbytherecipientsforthe
rapidutilizationofresources.However,inmostcasesthenational ^
1SeeCommissionReporttotheACP-EECCouncilofMinistersontheAdministration
ofFinancialandTechnicalCooperationin1979undartheLoralConvention
VIII/557/79,Page2.- ■ ' ■_

11-
administrations ofrecipient countries were totally unprepared todeal with
this newform ofaidfrom anewdonor .InIndonesia ,forexample ,the :
national administration hadbecome geared tofollowing World Bank procedures ,
while Community 'said from the naLDCs programme
requires rather different procedures .
Also relatively straightforward toimplement areprojects which
involve the supply ofequipment orcommodities which canbespecified fairly
precisely attheproject identification stage .Thesupply ofearth moving
equipment under the 1977 programme toVietnam toassist inland clearance for
agricultural purposes isanexample ofaproject ofthis type .
However ,thebulk ofthefunds inthen.a.LDCs programme aredevoted
tointegrated rural development ,irrigation andsimilar
projects which have been specifically designed tomeet theneeds 6f*therural
sector .Here thedisbursement ofproject funds maynot commence for several
months while tender procedures g.re completed and contractors selected .Then
theimplementation oftho projoct isoommonly phaaed over several yoara ,ond
while theCommission mayendeavour toselect components which canbecompleted
earlier intheimplementation schedule ,itisfrequently necessary toinclude
components which will notbefinanced till later inorder toensure the
- . / vcompletion oftheproject asawhole .
Itmust also benoted that oneoftheprincipal advantages of
Community aid ,compared with that from many other bilateral ormultilateral
sources ,isthat itcanbeused tocover local-cost finance .From thedevelop­
ment viewpoint ,this isoften ofcrucial importance forthepoorest recipients .
However ,this point ,incombination with thegrant nature ofCommunity aid,
hasmeant that non-associates funds areoften best used tocover themost
difficult andcomplex (butnevertheless essential )project components .
Forthefuture itwould bepossible toincrease theproportion of
projects which could offer theprospect ofearlier disbursement ,especially
through theuseofprogramme aid ,with counterpart funds from thesale of
imported agricultural inputs being used tocover thelocal costs ofspecific
rural development projects . This possibility canoffer major advantages
both totherecipient andtothedonor ,butitisonewhich will only beappropriate
forarelatively small number ofcountries .
1Suchapossibility isinprospect forIndia under the1979programme .

2.1®c .Cofinancing
Article 4of "thedraft regulation concerning financial andtechnical
aidtothen.a .LDCs states that theaidshall begranted substantially by
means ofcofinancing with Member States ormultilateral orregional bodies .
Asdescribed above ,over half ofthe "projects included inthefirst
three programmes have been cofinajicdd either with theMember States orother
organizations which were able tooffer theexpertise andexperience required
toidentify ,prepare tmdexeoute projects inthen,a .LDCs .This haaenabled
theCommunity toparticipate inmany projects which would have been toolarge
foritto -have financed o\itofitsownresources ,although ithasbeen necessary
todevise working arrangements acceptable both totheCommunity andits
cofinancing partners .Incertain cases difficulties with these have resulted
indelays fortheCommunity between the making ofcommitments and
project disbursements .Itishoped that improved methods ofcooperation will
help toreduce these problems infuture ..
Cofinancing iaespecially advantageous when the projects arelocated
incountries where theCommunity has little ornodirect experience ofworking
andlacks representation .However ,cofinancing usually requires lengthy S
negotiation andfrequently involves delays while arrangements arefinalized for
financing from theclcwest contributor .This often means that theCommunity isable
/exercise less control over thespeed with which projects areimplemented than
with autonomous projects .This isespecially thecase with projects which
arefinanced outofacommon fund from which payments aremade in
relation tothe size ofthe contributions ofeach donor .Insuch cases ,
dinbursement oftheCommunity 'scontribution istied tothat oftheproject
a3awhole . An attempt ismade toavoid ouch arrangoments in
favour ofparallel cofinancing ,which thodraft Regulation GUggeats ohould bocon­
sidered a3thenorm ,butinsome cases this wasnotpracticable *

2.2.TheExecutionoftho197"Profrrammo
Oftheeightprojectsincludedinthe1976programme,threearenowvirtu
allycompletedandfiveongoing(ofwhichallbutonehaveexperiencedsignificant
delays).Thefirstthreeprojectsaccountfor9*5MUAofthe20MUA
madeavailablefortheprogramme,andlessthan0.2MUAremainstobedisbursed.
Oftheremaining10.5MUAofcommitments,3*7MUAhasbeendisbursed,sothat
13MUA,or65foofthetotalfundsweredisbursedwithin31monthsfollowing
commitment(asof31July1979)*
Asmaybeexpected,giventhedifferencesinthetypesofprojects
includedintheprogramme,progresshasvariedtremendously betweenindividual
projects.Thecontributions totheinternational researchinstituteandthe
ADBTAprogrammewerebothfullydisbursedwithintheyearfollowingcommitment
andspentexactlyaccordingtoprovisions.Theothernear-cornpleted projectis
thedrou.^ht-prone areasprolaminein India.Anexcellenttechnical
performance hasbeenreportedbytheexpertssenttomonitorthisproject.
Thrcoirrigationprojectswereincludedintheprogramme,oneofwhich
(inBangladesh)isbeingimplementedaccordingtoschedulewithoutanymajor
problems.Theothertwoprojectsarebothalmost,twoyearsbehindschedule.
Oneofthese(inPakistan)iscofinancedwithamajorinternational aid
organization anddisbursement oftheEECcontributionistiedtoprogresswith
theimplementation oftheprojectasawhole,whichhasbeenaffectedby
procurementdelaysandpoliticaldisturbances .Theotherproject(inSri
Lanka)hasbeenaffectedbyexceptionalweatherconditions,alackofmachinery
andofanefficientworkorganization .Twoon-sitemissionshavebeencarried
outsofarandafurthermissionisplannedtoexaminetheadvisability of
technicalassistanceforthisproject.
TheautonomousprojectinIndonesiaincludedintheprogrammehas
faceddifficultnaturalconditionsanddisbursement problemsduetogovernment
regulations sothatprojectimplementation issome18monthsbehindschedule.
Finally,thefundsmadeavailablefortheBoliviaprojecthaveonly
nowbeguntobeutilisedduetothefailureuntilrecentlyofthelocal
development banktopresentprojectswhichpossessedthemarked
socialcomponentstipulatedintheagreementwiththeCommunity*

.2.3 . '.nhcPrecaution ofthe .1.977 Pro ,ttPrime
CO';!nlr>tcd
Ofthe20project Bincluded inthe ,1977 progronrae ,5arcnowvirtually /
Comiiiitrncnta tothcoo projects amounted to6.1MUA,almost allofwhich hcu.ibeen
disbursed .Oftheremainder ,disbursements have commenced for10projects
involving atotal ,commitment of31,5 MUA„ofwhich 4.5MUAhasbeen disbursed .
This brings total disbursement inthe18months since commitment -to10.5KUA,
ortoslightly over 23%ofthe45MVA .made available fortheprogramme .
The 5completed projects include the contributions tothe two
international agricultural research institutes ,reflecting thespeed and
ease ofimplementation ofthis type ofaid ..Theothers aretheproject
inViet Namandthecontributions towards thefunding ofresearch and
institutional support totheMinistry ofAgriculture oftheYemen Arab
Republic ,andtotheADBTAprogramme .
Amongst thetenprojects forwhich disbursements have started but
arenotcomplete ,theautonomous projects with theLatin American organizations
areprogressing onschedule ,asarethe twoprojects inIndia ,although certain
problems aremaking forminor delays with these latter projects .Theother
autonomous .project ,inThailand ,iswell onthewaytocompletion despite initial
delays inimplementation due todifficulties with thenational administration .
 
Ofthefour ongoing cofinanced projects ,forwhich disbursements have^started ,
inBangladesh ,SriLanka ,Bolivia andPakistan ,delays have been experienced with
thefi^st three involving ,respectively ,problems with theprocurement conditions
ofother cofinancing partners ,over-ambitious target dates ,anddelays in
project preparation .
Oftheremaining 5projects forwhich disbursements have yet tocommence
oneisanautonomous project (Yemen Arab Republic ),forwhich successive delays
have been experienced with thenational administration intheformulation sjid
publication oftender documents .Theother projects arecofinanced with inter­
national development banks ,forwhich slowness inimplementation isaccounted for
bydelays inthecofinancing partners entering into commitments .
Insummazy ,ofthe20projects included inthe1977 programme ,5are ,
virtually complete (i.e. IRRI ,ICRISAT ,ADBTA , Viet Naia fandYemen Arab
Republic research andinstitutional support )iCommitments have started o.\a
further 10,ofwhich 4areprogressing asanticipated (i.e.both projects .,ith
theAndean Pact ,INCAP andPakistan )andtheremainder aresomewhat retarded for
various reasons (i.e.both projects inIndia ,Thailand ,Bangladesh ,SriLanka ,
Bolivia ).

-15-
Ofthefiveremainingprojectswheredisbursements havestillto
commence,onlyone(YemenArabRepublic)isautonomous(withdelays
duotothenationaladministration )whilefortheotherfour(BCIE,ID3-
Honduras,AUB-.Thai1and/Afghanistan/BurmaandADB-Indonesia )thedelaymay
beattributedtoarrangements enteredintobythecofinanoingpartner.
2.4*TheExecutionofthe1978Programme
Theimplementation ofthe1978programmehasonlyrecently
•«
begun,andnoprojectshaveyetbeencompleted,thoughdisbursement has
commencedfor9projectsandamountsto2.5MEUA.
.. x \
3»Conclusion
Communityteohnioalandfinanoialassistanceto.non–associateddeveloping
oountriesunderthefirstthreeprogrammeshasbeenallocatedtoprojects
inaocordancewiththegeneral'oriteriagoverningtheallocationofthisaid.
/
Theprogrammehaagrownfrom20MUAin197°»whichwasoommittedto8
projeots,to45MUAin1977»committedto20projects,whilein1978atotal
of70KEUAwasmadeavailable,almostallofwhiohhasnowbeencommitted
to35projeots.
Thisreportcommentsonprogrammeexecutionupto31July1979*Disburse­
mentsunderthe1976programmethenamountedto65%ofcommitments,and3
projectshadbeencompleted.Disbursements underthe1977programmeamounted
tojustover23$ofcommitments,and5projectshad.beenoompleted.For1978,
understandably ,noprojectshavebeencompletedandfewdisbursements haveyet
beenmade.Thisarisesfromthefactthatcommitnonts ,asinpreviousyears,
couldonlybemadetowardstheendofthebudgetyear.
Theapparentslownessintheexecutionoftheprogramme,asmeasuredbythe
rateofdisbursements ,maybeacoountedforbythespecialfactorsaffeoting
aidtothenaLDC's.ThisisanewventurefortheCommunity,andintheshort
timeavailablethesmallnumberofCommissionstaffoonoemeddirectlywiththe
programmehavehadtooooperatewiththenationaladministrationPofalarge
numberofrecipientcountriesandwiththeaidagenoiesofMemberStatesand
international organizations .

As.improvedmethodsofcooperation seredevised,andespeciallyifmore
Commissionstaffoan"bemadeavailableforthiswork,itshouldbe"possible
forthedateof commitmenttobebroughtforwardsomewhat
earlierwithintheyear<Thosadelaysinimplementation whiohcanbe
attributedtotheproblemsofdealingwiththenationaladministrations ofreoi-
pientcountriesandcofinanoingpartnersshouldbereduced^
^ ι
However,whiletherearegroundsforexpectingexecutiontoproceedata
fasterrateinfuture,therelativeslownessofprogrammeexecutionistoa
largeextentaninevitableconsequence oftheprogramme'sunderlyingobjectives
ofdirectingaidtomeettheneedsofthepoorestseotionsoftheruralpopu­
lationsoftheworld's-poorestcountries.

NALDCs PROGRESS REPORT
(·*
ΑΝΝΒX
N.A.LDCaProgrammes1976–197°
Projectdescription andstatus

NALDCS
1976.PROGRAMME
Projectdescription andstatusr i
Sector ModeofFinanceTotalCost
(MUA)EECContribution (MUA)
Project !Commitment Disbursements
(to31.7.1979)
A.NationalProiects
(INDIA;Drought-proneareasI -project,UttarPradeshIIntegratedruraldevelop­
mentAutonomous 12.00 6.00 5.82
PAKISTAN:Khaipurtiledrainage
andirrigatedfarming
developmentIrrigation andagrlcultural
develo'pmentJointcof.IBRD23.30 3.00 0.89
BANGLADESH :BarisalIrrigation Irrigation andagrlcultural
developmentl
'Jointcof.IBRD34.80 2.50 0.80
>
SRILANKA:MahaDiulwewa
réservoirIrrigation andagricultural
development " >Autonomous 2.00•' I
.2.00 ,1
I0.48
INDONESIA:Pilotprojectfor'
soyacultivationAgricultural development
(fieldcrops)I.•
Autonomous 1.40I
1.00 !0.58
.
BOLIVIA:Agro-industrial
!projects(BISA).1
é•>i
Foodprocessing jAutonomous 2.00 2.00 0.90
t
!B.RegionalProjects
,AOSTechnicalassistance pro­
gramme
ICRISATResearchsupportTAiprojectpreparation
Agricultural research
■iChannelCof.
ithroughAD8
,ChannelCof<
jthroughCGIAR1.50
~4.80I
1.50
2.001.50
2.00
TOTAL81.80 20.00 12.97

1977-PWOGJÍA::E:
Projectdcscrintion andstatus
r:i
I' ■■ir iEECContribution(MUA)I
Project Sector ModeofFinanceTotalCost
(MUA)Commitment Oiabursements
1<to31/7/79)
|a\NationalPro.jectaI
!■
«
IINDIA (CropstorageinfraBtruotureIAutonomous 13.00 6.40 0.82
(Grainandfertilizerstorage(CWC) INDIA storageinfrastruoture ]Autonomous 5.60 5.60 0.66
IVillagegrainstorageί
I I
IBANGLADESH Irrigationanda^ricultural iJointcof.IBRD,46.40 5.00 0.41
iKuhuriirrigation development Canada
IPAKISTAN .' IIrrigationandagricultural -Jointoof.ADB119.00 4.00 0.32.
I.ChasnaRightBankirrigation [development
1SRILANKA Irrigationandacrioultural |Jointcof.IBRD,89.70 2.0σ 0.09
IKahaweliGangadevelopment[development UK.Nli#USA.Canada
]■VIETNAM Bupplyof6.(?ricultural .Autonomous 6.90 2.40 2.29
ISupplyagriculturalequipmentmachinery v
Iforland-cleeiing
IINDaiESIA Integrated ,ruraldevelopment Paraileloof.ADH!65.00 2.00 0.00
ISouth-EastSulawesitransmigration »
ITHAILAND ^ jLivestockdevelopment AutonOoiouB 0.10 0.10 0.07
IPig-breedingpilotproject'
INORTHYEMEN ITAandresearchsupport Jointcof.IBRD10.70•1.30 •1.30 ■
ITaizagriculturalresearohcentre
I.NORTHYEiïM ITAiprojectpreparation!Autonomous I0.70 0.70 0.00
IWadiRasyanBtudyI
ADB ICropstorageinfrastructure Charme!cof.24.10 2.90 0.00
IChannelfinanceforagricultural Iandinlandfisheriesdev»IthroughADB I
Iprojeots:•
IAfghanistan ;fertilizerstorage
IBurma:aquaculture
IThailand:aquaculture"

1977 PROGRAMME
(2)
Project Sector Mode ofFinance Total Cost
(MUA )EECContribution (MUA) I
ICommitment Disburse~ent s
(to31/7/79)
BOLIVIA
4Ulla Ulla integrateti rural
developraentJIntégrât edruraldevelopmen
I11
Joint oof.IBRD 21,50 1.80 0,12 .
HONDURAS ■
Artisanal fisheries i
. ■ ' I
IFisheries development Parallel cof.
IDB3.00
S1,000,00
B)Regional projects
ADB
Technical assistance pro/rrammeTA*project preparation
i ■ "■ iiÇhannel cof. jthrough ADB ]0.400.40 |
10.40
IRRI . 1 J
Research support j|Agricultural research
IParallel oof. '|
through CGIAR j12.30,|
]
ι1.00 le00
ICRISAT
Research supportAgricultural research Parallel cof,,
through CGIAR7.60 .|
'~ I1.00 |1.00
BCIE '
Regional grain storage ,Central
AmericaCrop storage infrastruoture Parallel cof„
Sthrough BCIE
!
i 'j18.80
!1.80 0.00
INCAP
Research infood technology and
nutrition[TA:researoh andproject
ipreparation
\
IAutonomous 2.40
*1.80
j0,12
ANDEAN PACT
Technical assistance forrural
sector marketing andtechnology|TA:research andprojeot
préparationAutonomous 1.90 1.00! 0.61
■
ANDEAN PACT
Pood technology researchTA:research andprojeot jpreparation IAutonomous j5.00 2.60 1.27
FAdministrative expenaes
Consultants' servicesI
0.20 0.10 |
IToUl- -- 1
454.10 45.00 10.49

MALDCB
y1978p?ïCGRA;:r3
Projectdescription andstatua
Project Sector ModeofFinanceTotalCost
(MEUA)EECContribution (MEUA)J
Commitment Disbursement s
(to31/7/79)
INationalPro.jectaΓ"––-■■ ■ II··
IINDIA ICropstorageinfrastructure IAutonomous I21.00 15.40 0.00
ICooperativestorage(NCDC){1
1
2.00^ IINDIA Socialinfrastructure iAutonomous 2.00 0.00
ICycloneprotectionshelters
I(catastrophereserve) 1 .1
IBANGLADESH Integratedruraldevelopment [Paralleloof.UK0.37.00 6.60 0.00
|Teasectorrehabilitation
I.PAKISTAN 'I1Irrigationinfrastructure Jointcof.IBRD120.00 4.80 0.00
I-Tarbeladan andMemberStates
|SHILANKA !IIntegratedruraldevelopment Autonomous(in 2.00 2.00 0.00
|Integratedfarmdevelopment
.Icoop,withFAO)
|MahaweliCanga .I
IINDONESIA ; iTAsprojectpreparation Autonomous 0.15 I0.15 0.04
IBaturadendairysectorstudy I
IINDONESIA TA:ruraloredit Autonomous 2.35 2.35 0.00
iTechnicalassistancefor
!KIK/K1XPsraallbusinesscrédit
IprogrammeI
IINDONESIA Integratedruraldevelopment Paralisicof.ADB65.00 3.00.0.00
ISouth-EastSulawesitransmigration |
ITHAILAND ■ IInterrâtedruTaldev.IParallelcof.ADB33.00 2.40 0.00
IIntegratedruraldev.,Northern
Iregion
ITHAILAND TA:projectpreparation IAutonomous I0.10 0.10 0.00
JSeedcentrestudy
\ \__

-WALDCB
1979PROCRATJS
(2)
rn EECContribution(MEUA)I
■ fProject Sector ModeofFinanceTotalCost
(MEUA)l
Commitment Disbursements
(to31/7/79)
■■■■!■ ■■■'■"'»■-■iiiiiT
THAILAND '
Cropdiversification study,
North-Eastern regionTA:projectpreparation cAutonomous 0.20 0.20 0.13
LAOS 1
VientianePlainirrigationand
floodcontrolIrrigationandagricultural
developmentAutonomous(in
cooperationwith.
I-.ekongCommittee)2.50 2.00 0.00-
I.NEPALSagarSagannathaintégrâtedruraldev.Integratedruraldev.
I ■'1Channelcof.
throughADB33.00 3.00 0.00
1HAITIJacrneJactnelintegratedruraldev..Integratedruraldev.Parallelcof.
France1.20 0.80 0.00
IHAITI I RuralwatersupplyandsanitationIRuralwatersupplies Parallelcof.IDB
. »3.20 1.60 0.00
IHONDURASAgricultAgriculturalresearch+extension|TA:ruraldevelopment
I •Parallelcof.IDB8.00 2.400.00J
BOLIVIA .
Pilotprojectfordevelopmentof
theChacaIrrigationandagricultural
developmentParallelcof..IDB15.00 1.90 0.00
(ANGOLAProjectpréparât!c Projectpreparation Btudics(TAsprojeotpreparation Autonomous 0.50 0.50 0.01
K0ZAI3IQUH
vFlsh-canning plant,DeiraFisheriesandfishprocessin;Paralleloof*
Italy3.20 3.00 0.00
|B)Regionalprojects\
IADBTechuTechnicalassistanceprogramme|TA:projeotpréparation Channeloof.ADB1.20 1.20 .0.00
ASEAN
Studyforregionalpost-harvest <
researchandtrainingcentreTAsprojectpreparation
L ,Autonomous 0.30 0.30 0.00

NALDCa
1978PROCRA?"^
<3)
Project .Sector ModeofFinanceTotalCost
(MEUA)EECContribute1(meUA)J
Commitment Disbursements
(to31/7/79)
ASEAN TAiprojectpreparation .Autonomous 0.301
0.30 0.00
IStudyforregionaltimber |
Iresearohandtraininecontre
fTftRT Àgriculturelresearch Parallelcof.11.20 0.80 0.70
IResearchsupport I throughCGIAJR
IICRISAT Agricultupal research Paralleloof.7.20 0.80 0.40
IResearohsupportthrourhCGIAIt
IOLADE-'''"•iTA«resourcesurvey Autonomous *0.80 0.60 0.15
IGeothormiosurveys
ICFADIRuralcrédit Jointoof.ZDB7.00,1.800.00 !
ICreditforsmallfarmersy
I<BCIS TA:projectpreparation Autonomous 0.43 0.43 0.00
ITechnicalassistanceprogramme
I.ANDEANPACT [TA:researohandprojectAutonomous . •3.80 1.60 0.30
IWoodtechnologystudy:useofpreparation
Iwoodinlow-ooethousing N
ANDEANPACT ■TA:researohandprojeot Autonomous •0.10 0.10 0.00
I,Woodtechnologystudyaalternative Ipreparation
Iconstruotion raaterialaderived-
jfromwood:
IANDEANPACT (TA:researohandproject Autonomous 0.40 0.400.00 [
IWoodtechnologystudy:pilot,Ipreparation
Iprojectforlow-costhousing
IANDCANPACT |TA:projectpréparation Autonomous 0.40 0.40 0.00
IStudyforpalmoildevelopmentIIv

MALDCa
1978PRCORA'n
(4)
r
I Project Sector ModeofFinanceTotalCostEECContribution(MEUA)I
(MEUA)Commitment Disbursements I
(to31/7/79)
ANDEANPACT
Studyforindustrialstandardi­
sationandqualitycontrolITA:researchandproject
!preparation
I ■.r
Autonomous 0.20 0.20 0.00
I.CIP I Researchsupport i Researchsupport i|Agriculturalresearch
IParallelcof.
throughCGIAR5.60 0.40 0.19
1CIATResearchsupport „Agricultural research Parallelcof.
throurhCGIAR10.00 0.80 •0.40
ICATIE .'! Pilotprojectforruraldev. 1Appliedresearchand
extension ,Autonomous 0.57 0.57 0.11
JC)Administrativeexpenses
0.601Consultants *services0.07
Tota1/
.>
398.9065.602'2.50
noteIl)Notincludinggovernmentcontribution(asyetundefined)forpossibleextensionofprojeot.
2)Notincludinguncommittedfundstotalling4*50HHJA«•