EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 6.6.2016 SWD(2016) 155 final COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Accompanying the document Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council Implementing EU food and nutrition security policy commitments:

second biennial report

- Annexes - {COM(2016) 244 final}



Table of contents 1. ADDITIONAL FIGURES AND EXAMPLES OF INTERVENTION, BY PRIORITY 1.1 Part of food and nutrition security in EU official development assistance (ODA) 1.2 Progress against performance criteria 1.3 Examples of interventions per priority 1.4 EU and Member States’ support to partner countries 2. CASE STUDIES 2.1 The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme and an example of Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (IAR4D) 2.2 Joint programming in the nutrition sector in Ethiopia 2.3 Sustainable Cocoa Business and Cocoa-Food Link Programme 2.4 Sustainable Trade Initiative 3. METHODOLOGY FOR NATIONAL REPORT AND PROGRAMMES SPREADSHEET DATABASE Acronyms AGIR Alliance Globale pour l’Initiative Résilience BMZ German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development CGIAR formerly Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research EIARD European Initiative for Agricultural Research for Development EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation FARA Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa FBS Farmers’ Business School GIZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit IDH Initiatief Duurzame Handel - Sustainable Trade Initiative IAR4D Integrated Agricultural Research for Development IATI International Aid Transparency Initiative MoreMilkiT More Milk in Tanzania MS Member States ODA Official Development Assistance OECD/DAC Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development / Development Assistance Committee SCB Sustainable Cocoa Business Project SSAB Sustainable Smallholder Agri-Business Cocoa-Food Link Programme SSA-CP Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme SWD Staff Working Document





In 2010, the European Union (EU) and its Member States adopted an EU-wide policy framework for food security (COM(2010) 127). Further EU development policy commitments placing additional emphasis on these food security priorities have since been adopted. At the request of the Council, a plan for implementing the food and nutrition security commitments was produced in 2013 (SWD(2013) 104 final). In its conclusions on food and nutrition security in external assistance of 28 May 2013, the Council invited the Commission and the Member States to produce a consolidated biennial progress report and to publish the first such report in 2014. The first report was adopted in December 2014 (COM(2014) 712). This staff working document (SWD) accompanies the second of these reports, which was coordinated by the Commission and based on data provided by Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom and the Commission. This SWD provides additional information and case studies supporting the analysis and findings of the first biennial report on ‘Implementing EU food and nutrition policy commitments’.

1. ADDITIONAL FIGURES AND EXAMPLES OF INTERVENTION, BY PRIORITY 1.1 Part of food and nutrition security in EU official development assistance (ODA) The countries marked in blue reported for the second implementation plan report Total ODA in EUR all sectors Food security ODA in EUR Donor(s) 2012 2014 2012 2014 Austria 422 712 827 483 356 485 16 651 992 12 879 289 Belgium 1 149 080 008 1 031 111 304 158 786 599 143 387 169 Czech Republic 51 686 641 47 162 147 Denmark 1 588 122 006 1 712 999 254 Finland 623 529 283 706 683 922 53 087 053 63 732 037 France 7 319 150 079 6 262 409 486 362 425 577 388 151 346 Germany 7 946 628 741 10 830 852 982 613 220 731 760 657 517 Greece 83 490 552 34 743 709 Ireland 417 144 747 394 478 442 94 009 945 89 501 101 Italy 558 353 060 1 099 340 258 90 680 023 107 287 557 Luxembourg 217 449 034 229 534 749 Netherlands 3 083 975 538 3 150 544 328 317 625 913 317 300 731 Poland 0 78 047 081 Portugal 338 529 992 219 036 957 Slovak Republic 0 12 334 949 Slovenia 14 861 684 15 234 123 Spain 833 525 053 531 757 577 55 672 264 Sweden 2 853 599 398 3 330 455 847 United Kingdom 6 881 796 463 8 922 307 722 656 156 719 595 964 413 Estonia 11 307 006 Hungary 22 684 746 Lithuania 4 856 241 Romania 52 641 818 EU Institutions 14 083 076 263 13 908 569 962 821 742 924 1 015 118 912 MS non-allocated 181 398 586 109 035 374 Total EU ODA 48 466 711 370 53 092 451 093 Total ODA MS reporting 43 318 972 063 47 321 412 468 3 365 786 061 3 658 687 711 2012 2014 Percentage of food and nutrition security in EU total ODA 7.8 % 7.7 % Percentage of reporting Member States in EU total ODA 89.4 % 89.1 % 1.2 Progress against performance criteria Table 2 shows disbursements and number of programmes which received funding per policy priority. Performance criteria Number of programmes Support received (M€) Number of countries Year 2012 2014 2012 2014 2012 2014 1. Improve smallholders' resilience and livelihoods 1 560 1 822 2 022 60 % 2 137 58 % 108 103 of which research programmes 149 154 379 300 2. Support effective governance 410 588 395 12 % 535 15 % 84 92 3. Support regional agriculture and food and nutrition security 98 188 151 4 % 191 5 % 4. Strengthen social protection mechanisms for food and nutrition security 94 102 209 6 % 133 4 % 40 40 5. Enhance nutrition 278 341 467 14 % 504 14 % 63 64 6. Enhance coordination of humanitarian and development actors to increase resilience 63 148 122 4 % 159 4 % 18 37 Total 2 503 3 343 3 366 3 659 1.3 Examples of interventions per priority





Priority 1: Improve smallholders' resilience and livelihoods Netherlands: Sustainable Agriculture, Food Security and Linkages in Bangladesh Germany: Programme on soil protections and rehabilitation; Green Innovation Centres for the Agriculture and Food Sector Ireland: More Milk in Tanzania (MoreMilkiT) project — dairy value chain development. Spain: Edible oil value chain enhancement in Ethiopia Finland: International Fund for Agricultural Development Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme Austria: Promotion of small-scale agricultural production in Mozambique EU: Cassava value chain for pro-poor development in Liberia UK, Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark: African Enterprise Challenge Fund — market access for poor producers through private sector entrepreneurs. Belgium: Programme de Desenclavement dans le Kwilu et Kwango [Programme to open up the Kwilu and Kwango regions] – Democratic Republic of Congo EU donors: support for Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) — agriculture, food and nutrition security research for development France: support for Cirad research — agricultural research for development Italy: Regional network to support coffee small producers ‘café y café’ Priority 2: Support effective governance Netherlands: Support to producer organisations Austria: Improving smallholder farming through agricultural cooperatives and value chain development in Armenia EU: PIP programme — support compliance with European Sanitary/Phyto-Sanitary regulations Belgium: Joint Support Unit management in the Ministry of Rural Development in Democratic Republic of the Congo Germany: Decentralisation and Good Governance Support Programme in Rwanda. Finland: Sustainable Management of Land and Environment in Tanzania France: Support to the water policy in Cambodia UK: Digital Green ICT-enabled improvements in food security and health in India Italy: Rural development support programme in Mozambique Priority 3: Support regional agriculture and Food and Nutrition Security policies Netherlands: Marketing inputs regionally plus programme in West Africa. UK, Netherlands, Belgium, Finland and Sweden: Trademark East Africa — support to East African regional and international trade. Germany and EU: Cocoa-Food Link Programme West and Central Africa EU: Improving food security through intra-regional fish trade in sub-Saharan Africa Finland and EU: Regional programme on food and nutrition security in Central America Spain: Support to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) for regional sanitary and phyto-sanitary actions in Latin America. Italy: Agro-food value chains in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua Priority 4: Improve smallholders resilience and livelihoods EU, UK, Netherlands, Ireland: Productive Safety Net Programme in Ethiopia. Germany: Burundi Community Resilience-Building and Disaster Risk Reduction Project — Food Assistance for Assets activities using cash and vouchers transfers. Austria: Contribution to PEGASE for vulnerable Palestinian families Ireland: Social protection grant in Uganda Netherlands: Sustainable trade initiative in Ethiopia Spain: Nicaragua Inclusive Rural Support Common Fund Finland: FAO Sustainable Aquaculture and Fisheries Development in the Kyrgyz Republic Belgium: Five-year plans for growth and jobs in Bas-Congo and Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo Italy: Economic and social development in Dakar and Kaolak regions, Senegal Priority 5: Enhance nutrition Germany: Programme on food and nutrition security, enhanced resilience UK: Suchana-Ending the cycle of undernutrition in Bangladesh Spain: Improving child nutrition and food security in Mali. France: Nutrition facility in Central African Republic Ireland: Reduce child & maternal undernutrition in Sierra Leone Finland: Rural water supply and sanitation project - Western Nepal EU: World Food Programme’s nutrition programme in Afghanistan. Italy: Improving household food security and nutrition in women and youth, Egypt Belgium: Programme to combat food insecurity and malnutrition Priority 6: Enhance coordination of humanitarian and development actors to increase resilience EU France and Spain: support to regional food reserves system (under AGIR initiative, Sahel) UK: South Sudan Food Security and Livelihoods Germany: Somalia Protected Relief and Recovery Programme Austria: Community Resilience and Development Programme in Palestine France: Food aid for Chad with FAO Spain: Support to Save The Children humanitarian assistance in Niger Netherlands, Austria, EU: Resilience building in Ethiopia. Italy: Resilience to drought and food security in Ethiopia. Policy priority 1 has been the major focus of EU donors. It includes measures to support smallholders and family farmers in sustainable intensification, improve land management and the provision of services, promote pro-poor research and innovation, provide opportunities for off-farm employment and to link smallholders and family farmers to market by developing the value chain. The EU and its Member States remained a key supporter of research and innovation, including to the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Fund (EUR 169 million), and is an important bilateral donor (EUR 69 million) to CGIAR institutions. This funding supported an ambitious portfolio of new CGIAR research programmes, geared towards tackling future key development challenges. The European Initiative for Agricultural Research and Development (EIARD) remains an effective platform for donor coordination and provides Europe with a strong voice in the CGIAR reform. With 1 882 programmes under this priority, all EU donors have substantial portfolios of agrifood value chain work. For example: Ireland supports oilseed, cocoa and dairy in Tanzania; Spain supports the edible oil value chain in Ethiopia; France supports domestic value chains, rice in Senegal, Mali, Niger, Guinea and Cambodia; the EU supports the cassava value chain in Liberia; and several EU donors support the Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund. In Ethiopia, Italy is helping small farmers integrate into formal markets. Under policy priority 2, the EU and Member States have been very active in negotiating international agreements and commitments and in supporting regional and national level policies. Further, the EU and various Member States have continued to support local governance and decentralisation processes, which are key to rural transformation. They also supported the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests. Member States, in particular France, succeeded in getting food security and food systems recognised in the Paris Agreement as key issues in responding to climate change. At regional level, EU and Member States continue to substantially support the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme process, which is also an important aspect of Germany’s ‘One World — No Hunger’ initiative and the EU’s increased investment in African countries. The EU and Member States, in particular Finland, have continued to ensure policy coherence for development in the food and nutrition security area. The 2015 EU report on policy coherence for development scrutinises the EU and Member States’ agricultural and fisheries policy initiatives to identify their impact on developing countries and summarises the steady progress made since 2013. In 2015, the coherence of EU internal policies and programmes with EU food and nutrition security objectives was discussed between EU services, civil society, Member States and the European Parliament. A further governance initiative was the EU Joint Research Centre’s foresight study on ‘Global Food Security 2030’, which highlighted the importance of pursuing a food system approach and better aligning policies in different sectors within and outside Europe. Policy priority 3 saw continued support for regional programmes addressing trade, sanitary and phyto-sanitary measures. Regional cooperation for food security and fisheries governance also continued, with a slight increase in funding and a near doubling of the number of programmes. Examples of this support are: the EU and Member States support the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in West Africa with the Netherlands leading the Marketing Inputs Regionally Plus programme; the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, Finland and Sweden support Trademark East Africa; the EU and France support the reinforcement of African veterinary and fisheries governance; Finland and the EU support the second phase of the Regional Programme on food and nutrition security in Central America; and Spain supports the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations’ work on sanitary and phyto-sanitary measures. Policy priority 4 saw a drop in disbursements from EUR 209 million to EUR 133 million. However, 102 social protection programmes, 8 more than in the last report, are still being implemented across 40 countries. For example, the EU, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Ireland have continued to support the well-performing Productive Safety Net Programme in Ethiopia. In Burundi, Germany supported the Community Resilience-Building and Disaster Risk Reduction Project, and in Uganda Ireland supported social protection grants. Austria also provided support to vulnerable families in Palestine. Spain was active in Nicaragua with the Inclusive Rural Support Common Fund, while Belgium supported five-year plans for growth and jobs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Under policy priority 5 all EU donors have substantial portfolios, with 341 programmes implemented in 64 countries. Progress under this priority area is covered in Section 5. Policy priority 6 has seen a far greater focus on programmes to promote resilience being implemented in the Sahel and Horn of Africa, thereby facilitating countries’ and regional organisations’ resilience agendas. In West Africa, within the context of the Global Alliance for Resilience Initiative (AGIR) and of the Club du Sahel, the EU, Spain, France, Belgium, Austria, Luxemburg and the United Kingdom are all strongly involved in addressing the underlying causes of food crises. Their work has a long term perspective that links relief and rehabilitation to development. Progress towards enhancing the resilience agenda to food crises featured prominently during the AGIR meeting in Milan in October 2015. Now nearly all AGIR countries have launched an inclusive dialogue process to identify national priorities for resilience. Moreover, at its 42nd session, the Committee on World Food Security endorsed a ‘Framework for Action for Food Security and Nutrition in Protracted Crises 1.4 EU and Member States’ support to partner countries 2. CASE STUDIES 2.1 The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme and an example of Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (source for Textbox 1, page 5 of the Report) The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme (SSA-CP) led by the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA) and supported by the EU and several Member States proved that Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (IAR4D) is a good and effective approach to agricultural research and responds to farmers’ needs. Individuals participating in IAR4D innovation platforms attained an average income of EUR 99 per year, 231 % above the baseline figure of EUR 44 per year. Women participants substantially increased their income and tens of thousands of farm households benefited from the programme, even beyond the IAR4D pilot areas. Specific impacts include a 120 % increase in soybean yields among participating farmers in northern Nigeria and an 80 % increase in the income of banana farmers in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo. In spite of considerable investment in research and extension, growth in the yields of agricultural crops in Africa has lagged behind other parts of the developing world. A possible reason for this is that research systems have typically been top-down and have not been directed at farmers’ needs. With the population of Africa set to double by 2050, there is an urgent need to improve the performance of crop and livestock production to meet growing food and nutrition security needs. SSA-CP applied an approach based on IAR4D to research and innovation, working through 36 innovation platforms in three pilot learning sites in western, central and southern Africa. Innovation platforms bring together farmers, researchers, the private sector and governmental and non-governmental actors to diagnose problems and opportunities and to generate innovation on targeted value chains. SSA–CP was one of the challenge programmes of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research Fund, but was unusual in being led by the FARA (which is not a CGIAR institution). FARA implemented the programme with CGIAR research centres, sub-regional research organisations and a wide variety of governmental and non-governmental partners, including those from the private sector. SSA-CP ran for 10 years from 2004 to 2014. It was entirely funded by European donors, with the European Commission being the largest contributor, committing more than

EUR 13 million. The United Kingdom/Department for International Development, Italy, the Netherlands and Denmark also provided support. SSA-CP has completed a proof of concept that demonstrates that IAR4D works and is more effective in generating benefits than conventional research and development. Highlights of the analysis show that individuals participating in the innovation platforms attained an average income of USD 1 362 per year, i.e. 231 % above the baseline figure of USD 588 per year. Gender-disaggregated data showed that women increased their income by an average of 326 %, and tens of thousands of farm households benefited from the programme, even beyond the IAR4D pilot areas. Examples of where the programme had a particular impact include a 120 % increase in soybean yields among participating farmers in northern Nigeria, leveraging of USD 6 million for agricultural production in Niger, and 80 % increase in the income of banana farmers in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo linked to development of nutritious non-alcoholic drinks. The sustainability of the IAR4D approach depends on it being adopted by African governments and by the scientific community. Some African countries (Gambia, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria and Sierra Leone) have incorporated IAR4D into their extension approach. The SSA-CP approach has also been tested in the systems programmes of the CGIAR, including the Drylands, Humid Tropics and Aquatic Agricultural Systems programmes. ‘Potatoes provide more income in the family and I can send the children to school. I produce chips which I can sell. Researchers should help us by producing more high-yielding seed, which is also resistant to diseases and that would improve our yields.’ Semahame Mwamini, Vice-president of the Muungano IP Integrated Agricultural Research for Development





2.2 Joint programming in the nutrition sector in Ethiopia (source for Textbox 2, page 6 of the Report) Early in 2013, the European Union and the 20 Member States represented in Ethiopia plus Norway (EU+) endorsed the EU+ Joint Cooperation Strategy for Ethiopia. The aim of this strategy was to ensure a coherent and cohesive response to Ethiopia’s development challenges, to improve alignment, promote harmonisation, a results-based approach, predictability and transparency, while avoiding overlapping or fragmented interventions. In 2014, the EU group identified three pilot joint programming areas: i) health; ii) nutrition; and iii) the green sectors. For nutrition, a core group of six Member States (the Netherlands, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) and the Commission was established to take the joint programme forward on behalf of the broader membership of 14 Member States. The process was facilitated by the EU. The group established a road map, finalised a mapping exercise, commissioned and completed a ‘Situation Analysis of the Nutrition Sector in Ethiopia 2000-2015’ and developed the EU+ nutrition strategy. The strategy is based on Ethiopia’s strategic priorities highlighted in the Second National Nutrition Programme 2015-2020. Its main objectives are: to articulate a common understanding of development challenges and guiding priorities for EU+ support to the objectives of the Second National Nutrition Programme; to achieve complementarity across sectors and fill gaps; to align EU+ partners’ country strategies with agreed mutual guiding principles and actions in specific sectors; to enhance the quality of policy dialogue and advocate jointly; to make EU financing more effective by focusing on alignment, harmonisation, managing for results, predictability and mutual accountability; to enhance the leverage and visibility of EU support to Ethiopia. The strategy also contains actions to integrate nutrition in a number of relevant sectors such as health, social protection and agriculture and food systems. For each sector, a lead Member State ensures that all priority actions are implemented through their own programmes or programmes from the local government or other Member States. The core group on nutrition has also advocated and negotiated for mainstreaming nutrition into the Ethiopian Government’s development programmes, such as the Agricultural Growth Programme, the Productive Safety Net Programme and the Sustainable Land Management Programme. The group also played a key role in redesigning the programmes to mainstream nutrition across their components and introduce nutrition-sensitive programming. The EU+ nutrition strategy is an excellent example of how the EU+ initiative can be integrated into national nutrition planning, resourcing and implementation, evidence-based documentation and monitoring and evaluation. Through the strategy, Member States speak with one voice, have the same political message and collectively advocate for mainstreaming nutrition across relevant line ministries, both at strategic and programme levels. The strategy gives the EU an identifiable, visible presence which lives up to its aid effectiveness commitments. However, for the EU+ nutrition group to function successfully it is important to maintain continuous contact with the Member States and keep them informed about the process and its achievements. This requires time and dedication on the part of the lead party which prepared most of the documents. While joint programming increases the workload, one clear benefit has been the ‘Situation Analysis of the Nutrition Sector’, the findings of which have been used by all development partners. 2.3 Sustainable Cocoa Business and Cocoa-Food Link Programme (source for Textbox 4, page 9 of the Report) Cocoa is one of the most significant crops in West Africa, occupying between five and six million hectares in the coastal humid zone. The region accounts for nearly 70% of the world’s cocoa supply. Cocoa is mainly grown by small-scale farmers on fields of two hectares or less. It is a source of income for three million smallholder families and one of the leading foreign exchange earning crops. However, farmers lack the resources, technical knowledge and in particular the business skills they need to take full advantage of the opportunities of growing cocoa and food markets. Current cocoa yields are low and there is considerable potential for improvement by adopting better agricultural practices. The Sustainable Cocoa Business Project (SCB) was one of several commodity-based projects funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) with co-funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the private sector. SCB was active in Cameroon, Côte D’Ivoire, Ghana and Nigeria from 2009 to 2014 and adopted the Farmers’ Business School (FBS) approach to developing farmers’ business skills. The FBS approach involved business service centres that facilitate access to inputs, technical advice, market information and micro-finance. Building on the success of SCB, the EU co-funded a follow-up as the Sustainable Smallholder Agri-Business Cocoa-Food Link Programme (SSAB) within the framework of the New Commodities Programme under the European Development Fund. SSAB strengthens support to diversify crops and income sources in order to improve food security and resilience to shocks such as falling cocoa prices. Togo was included in the target countries. SCB’s budget was EUR 8.3 million (BMZ 4.8M; World Cocoa Foundation 1.75M; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 1.75M; Nigeria 0.5M) and SSAB has a budget of EUR 9.5 million (European Development Fund 5.0M; BMZ 4.0M; Nigeria 0.5M). The German International Cooperation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GIZ) manages the implementation of both projects in collaboration with partner organisations in the target countries. An independent review of SCB in 2013 found that more than 17 000 farmers had graduated from FBS. 80 % of these had adopted business tools and improved agricultural practices and 90 % had increased their cocoa yields by more than 33 %. A recent update from SSAB revealed that 32 000 smallholders (20 % of whom are women) have accessed inputs from business service centres, cocoa yields by FBS graduates have increased by 33-50 % and net income from non-cocoa sources has increased by between five and twelve times from baseline values. After Farmer Business School I measure my plots, realise my cropping calendar and my operating account for my farms. I opened a savings account at the micro-finance service of the Diocese. I have diversified my business and revenues. I pulled 420 000 FCFA to produce a hectare of peanuts and obtained a net profit of 440 000 FCFA I repeated this project in 2013 with good profit. By doing so, I pay my children’s school fees easily now.

Ndzana Toua Bibiane Obala, Cameroon (2013)



2.4 Sustainable Trade Initiative (source for Textbox 5, page 9 of the Report) Growing concerns over the environmental and social impact of producing cash crops and related products have stimulated a market for products that are certified as being sustainably produced. The Sustainable Trade Initiative (IDH - Dutch Initiatief Duurzame Handel) aims to accelerate and scale up sustainable trade by building impact-oriented coalitions of pioneering companies, civil society organisations, governments and other stakeholders. IDH is supported by a grant co-funded by the Netherlands (EUR 125 million); Switzerland (EUR 24.5 million) and Denmark (EUR 1.2 million) for 2008-2015. IDH is active in more than 60 countries and supports 250 businesses within a framework of 18 commodity-based programmes, including cash crops, timber and fish. It is implemented through a wide range of private sector and non-governmental organisations partners, and participating companies must commit to provide a minimum of 50 % co-funding. By the end of 2013 IDH had leveraged EUR 56 million of private sector funding. An independent review of IDH in 2013 concluded that the initiative had become a key player in advancing coalitions of private sector and other stakeholders for sustainable commodity sourcing. IDH has a strong capacity-building element linked to compliance with sustainability standards and certification. For example, 200 000 cotton farmers have been trained and licensed and IDH support to the ‘Better Cotton Initiative’ has enabled Better Cotton to dominate the sustainable cotton market. Similar numbers of cocoa farmers have been trained and certified, and IDH has supported production of 350 000 tonnes of fish from Vietnam under the label of the Aquaculture Sustainability Council. There is growing evidence that capacity built by IDH has translated into improvements in producer livelihoods. Rainforest Alliance smallholder tea farmers in Kenya trained through IDH interventions achieved an average 30 % increase in yield (as against a 15 % increase in a control group). Ghanaian cocoa farmers increased production by an average of 6 % and secured a 5 % price premium as a result of certification. IDH conducts quality work on impact evaluation and further evidence of positive impacts is likely to emerge as the initiative continues. Sustainability is not only important for western countries. It is also important for our country because it brings more value to our farmers. Dr Reddy Saleh, Ministry of Trade, Indonesia.



3. Methodology for national report and programmes spreadsheet database Guidelines to prepare the second national reports on implementing EU food and nutrition security policy commitments I) INTRODUCTION The first implementation plan report was published in December 2014. It was the first ever report in which EU donors jointly reported on their commitments on food and nutrition security. With almost EUR 3.4 billion spent in more than 115 countries by the EU donors in 2012, the EU and its Member States are delivering significantly on food and nutrition security. The second EU report will provide a consolidated assessment of the EU and Member States’ performance on the six food and nutrition security policy priorities set out in the implementation plan. It will also provide an assessment of how the collective performance of the EU and Member States delivered on these policy priorities, and the level of coherence, complementarity and coordination. The assessment will be based on a quantitative assessment of food and nutrition security interventions informed by an analysis of the distribution of the total investments, and a qualitative assessment of how well the EU and Member States are working together at national, regional and global levels. This report will show the EU’s progress in delivering commitments since the 2014 report, which serves as a baseline.

The second report will reflect the recommendations for further improvements made in Council Conclusions of 2015. These include: following a refined and simplified reporting format and methodology; ensuring consistency with the overall approach of the EU Development and Cooperation Results Framework; focusing on selected policy priorities; including, in addition to inputs and outputs, more attention on outcomes generated through case studies and/or those available through our (Member States and EuropeAid) individual reporting systems; and continuing with the emphasis on assessing the efficacy of in-country coordination, harmonisation, division of labour and joint analysis. II) GUIDANCE ON COMPLETING THE NATIONAL REPORT The national report should be made up of three sections preceded by a summary of no more than one page that provides an overview of the headline results and the main lessons learnt. Section 1: Overview of Member States’ expenditure on projects and programmes relevant to food and nutrition security broken down across the six policy priorities and analysis; Section 2: Overview of Member States’ strategic priorities for food and nutrition security (global, regional and country level), which includes a general assessment and an assessment of coordination and complementarity of joint work in three countries; and Section 3: Examples of outcomes presented in the form of case studies and/or or results already reported through the indicators defined in respective corporate results frameworks (if available). Section 1: Distribution of investments This first section summarises the main findings from the disbursements you have entered in the spreadsheet according to the six priorities defined. The completed spreadsheet will serve as the main supporting annex to this report. (See guidance below on how to complete the spreadsheet.) In order to provide a visual overview of the distribution of investments your Member State made in 2014, we have maintained the graphics facility which will be based on the data you entered in the spreadsheet. Once you have entered all the data in the spreadsheet, press the refresh button. This will automatically create a chart showing the distribution of disbursements broken down among the six priority areas as well as a chart showing the distribution of disbursements across geographical areas. These graphs will help you outline the basic characteristics of the portfolio’s distribution. Section 2: Member States’s strategic priorities This section provides you with an opportunity to explain your country strategic priorities for food and nutrition security and how these priorities have changed since the first report. It also gives you the opportunity to highlight the different ways in which you approach implementation that are not adequately captured in section 1 and/or which cut across specific interventions. For example, it could cover the significance of your country’s support to food-insecure countries; your country’s work on policy dialogue in global, continental and regional fora including joint programmes and joint programming in three selected countries (Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Mali);

other dimensions of aid effectiveness; and adherence to principles such as those relating to fragile states and Linking Relief, Reconstruction and Development. In addition, following the Council’s request to streamline and deepen the methodology, the European Commission will report on two themes: 1) enhancing nutrition (in particular for mothers, infants and children) and 2) inclusive agrifood chains and systems. Please explain in this section the connection between the topic(s) in the 2016 report and the six priorities. On joint programming and joint implementation processes, please report in general how you were involved in joint programming and joint implementation in the countries in which you are active. The idea is also to present a case study. Please provide a brief assessment of coordination and complementarity between your country and other Member States / the European Commission by answering the following two questions: 1.What steps have you taken, individually or jointly, to improve coordination: a.at policy and decision making level (i.e.: joint priorities, alignment to the partner’s priorities); b.on the ground (i.e.: shared/joint implementation/programmes, joint programming, joint actions, consultation and sharing of information); and c.in international fora. 2.What steps have you taken, individually or jointly, to improve complementarity across sectors within the food and nutrition security sector to avoid any duplication/inefficiencies? Section 3: Results reporting through selected case studies and/or existing corporate reporting systems This section is your opportunity to provide details on your achievements in terms of improving nutrition in particular for mothers, infants and children, and promoting inclusive agrifood chains/systems. Remembering that results is a collective term covering ‘Outputs, Outcome and Impact’ (OECD/DAC Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results-Based Management), this year’s report will focus on: a) Outputs — the reach of your agency or the number of individuals, households, communities and institutions your agency has supported; and b) Outcome — the responses to the support and the immediate benefits to the target groups. Accordingly, we propose that we present our results in two ways:

1. The achievements in nutrition security and inclusive agrifood chains/systems from your individual reporting systems informed by your corporate targets, with an emphasis on outputs. Please provide the following information: if available, the findings from your corporate results reporting for 2014 related to food and nutrition security achievements; if available, data on the number of beneficiaries (undernourished people, smallholder farm(er)s) reached, including if possible explanations of who (man, women, children and smallholders) was reached, where (the countries) and with what type of action; 2014 reports on progress towards your nutrition commitments prepared for SUN (Scaling-Up Nutrition) and the global nutrition report. 2. Case studies. Individual case studies will be used to complement the information on the number of beneficiaries reached. The evidence for the case studies will come from evaluations. Please could you indicate all your available evaluations which show outcome-related information. This could include behavioural changes of mothers and children under five, changes for smallholder farmers (i.e. using the services and products made available through the donors’ programmes) and the direct benefits they obtain. The European Commission will collate the relevant evaluations that the Member States’ evaluation departments or programmes consider robust. We will then decide together on the evaluations that will provide the evidence with which to inform 2-3 case studies. These case studies will be prepared by the European Commission. III) GUIDANCE ON COMPLETING THE SPREADSHEET EuropeAid proposes to keep the OECD/DAC reporting as the other possibility- IATI (International Aid Transparency Initiative) reporting- is not yet used by all Member States. The OECD will only publish the final 2014 data in December, but EuropeAid would like to propose that you make the data submitted to the OECD available to the Commission as soon as possible. As regards methodology, EuropeAid proposes to make an initial selection of programmes for each Member State. This approach will reduce the number of programmes to be screened by each Member State. We estimate that this reduction can range from 10 % to 75 % of the number of programmes compared to 2012, depending on the Member State. A two-prong approach is proposed: I.For the 9 Member States that participated in the 2012 report: share with EuropeAid the 2014 OECD-DAC CRS plus (Creditor Reporting System) file reported to OECD. EuropeAid will check which 2014 programmes were already in the 2012 spreadsheet database and will allocate the programmes according to the six priorities following the 2012 classification. II.For the programmes which were not in the 2012 spreadsheet database, EuropeAid will pre-select the programmes which have one of a list of 76 OECD-DAC CRS codes proposed by EuropeAid. This new list (see Table 2) has been compiled based on the 2012 spreadsheet database. In 2012, 99 DAC codes were used. However, some of these DAC codes were not relevant or represent only a small number of programmes. EuropeAid proposes using this list of 76 DAC codes, which represent more than 99 % of the total amount. EuropeAid will send back three different databases of programmes to each Member State: Database 1: Programmes which were already in the 2012 database, and for which EuropeAid proposes a priority. Database 2: New programmes (not in the 2012 database), related to one of the 76 DAC codes.

Database 3: Programmes with a DAC code not related to food security. Each Member State will then be asked: Database 1: to verify the Commission’s analysis. Database 2: to identify the food and nutrition security programmes and apply the guidance on completing the spreadsheets below. For the purpose of the exercise, please include only those programmes/projects: A. which have a particular focus on food and nutrition security (by being specifically designed to improve food and nutrition security, or by have specific food and nutrition security objectives or activities); and/or B. which clearly fall within one or more of the four pillars of food security (i.e. food availability, access to food, utilisation of food and stability); and/or C. which clearly fall within the definition of ‘food and nutrition security’. (‘food and nutrition security exists when all people at all times have physical, social and economic access to food, which is consumed in sufficient quantity and quality to meet their dietary needs and food preferences, and is supported by an environment of adequate sanitation, health services and care, allowing for a healthy and active life.’) Core contributions at multilateral level to a range of United Nations agencies, funds and programmes (such as the United Nations Children's Fund and the United Nations Development Programme) should be excluded as it would be difficult to allocate a proportion of this funding to food and nutrition security. You should include only those contributions to these agencies if they specifically target food and nutrition security as stated above (points A, B and C). With regards to the Rome-based agencies, please report in the same way as for DAC reporting. Administrative and overhead costs (including salaries and travel-related costs) are part of the projects and should be reported on. Please bear in mind that all data you report on must be official 2014 DAC data, which means the financial disbursements you reported to the OECD DAC in 2014. Filling in the spreadsheet step by step: Please remember to enter the name of your Member State, the date of completion, the contact person and the reporting system (by disbursement) on the top left of the excel sheet. 1.Column A: List your relevant food and nutrition security projects and programmes in the first column ‘projects or programmes’.