COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
Brussels, 5.2.2001
COM(2001) 39 final
Proposalfora
COUNCIL REGULATION
imposing a definitive anti-dumpingduty onimportsofpotassiumpermanganate
originating inthe People’sRepublic ofChina
(presented bythe Commission)
2EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM
1. In 1994, following a review, the Council imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on
imports originating in China of ECU 1.26 per Kg (Council Regulation (EC)
No 2819/94).
2. This expiry review was initiated on 11 November 1999, following a request lodged
by CEFIC on behalf of the only remaining Community producer, to continue the
current anti-dumping measures concerning imports of Potassium Permanganate
originating inthePeople’sRepublicofChina.
3. The attached proposalfor a Council Regulation is based on the determination that re-
imposition of measures are necessary to avoid recurrence of dumping and injury to
the Community industryand that continuation ofthe measures are in the Community
interest.
4. At the ADC meeting of26 July2000, 10 Member States voted in favour ofextending
the measures, 4 Member States opposed the extension, and 1 Member State was not
represented.
5. It is, therefore, proposed that the Council adopt the attached proposal for a
Regulation, which should be published in the Official Journal of the European
Communities.
3Proposalfora
COUNCIL REGULATION
imposing a definitive anti-dumpingduty onimportsofpotassiumpermanganate
originating inthe People’sRepublic ofChina
THE COUNCIL OFTHE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard tothe Treatyestablishing the EuropeanCommunity,
Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) N° 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection
against dumped imports from countries not Members of the European Community1,a n di n
particular, Article 11(2) and (6) thereof.
Having regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission, after consulting the Advisory
Committee,
Whereas:
1. PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS
1.1 I NVESTIGATIONSCONCERNINGTHE PEOPLE'SREPUBLIC OF CHINA
(1) By Regulation (EEC) No 1531/882the Council imposed a definitive anti-dumping
duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in the People’s Republic of
China (‘China’). The amount of the duty imposed was equal to either the amount by
which the free-at-Community-frontier price per kilogram net, before duty, was less
thanECU 2.25, or 20% ofthat price, whichever was higher.
(2) In 1994, following a review under Articles 14 (1) and 15 (3) of Regulation (EEC) No
2423/883, the Council, by Regulation (EC) No 2819/944, imposed a definitive anti-
dumping duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in China of ECU
1.26 perKg.
1.2 I NVESTIGATIONSCONCERNINGOTHERCOUNTRIES
(3) An anti-dumping investigation on potassium permanganate imports originating in
India and the Ukraine was initiated in April 1997. Definitive anti-dumping duties of
5.6% and 36.2% respectively were imposed on imports from these countries by
Regulation(EC) No 1507/985.
1OJ L56, 6.3.1996, p.1, aslastamended byRegulation No2238/2000, (OJ L257, 11.10.2000, p. 2).
2OJ L138, 3.6.1988, p. 1.
3OJ L209, 2.8.1988, p. 1.
4OJ L298, 19.11.1994, p. 32, aslastamended byRegulation No1170/95, OJL118, 25.5.1995, p. 6.
5OJ L200, 16.7.98, p. 4.
42. PRESENT INVESTIGATION
2.1 R EQUESTFORREVIEW
(4) In April 1999, the Commission published a notice of impending expiry6of the anti-
dumping measures in force on imports of potassium permanganate originating in
China. On12 July1999, the ConseilEuropéendes Fédérations de l'Industrie Chimique
(CEFIC) submitted a request to review these measures pursuant to Article 11(2) of
CouncilRegulation(EC) No 384/96, (‘the basic Regulation’).
(5) The request was lodged on behalf of the sole Community producer, thus representing
the totality of Community production of potassium permanganate. The request was
based on the grounds that the expiry of the measures would be likely to result in the
continuationorrecurrence ofdumping and injurytothe Communityindustry.
2.2 N OTICEOFINITIATION
(6) Having determined, after consultation of the Advisory Committee, that sufficient
evidence existed for the initiation of a review, the Commission initiated an
investigationpursuant to Article 11 (2)ofthe basic Regulation7.
2.3 P ERIODOFINVESTIGATION
(7) The investigationofa likelihoodofa continuationand recurrence ofdumping covered
the period from 1 October 1998 to 30 September 1999 (“IP”). The examination of
trends relevant in the context of the aforementioned recurrence of injury covered the
period from1995 up tothe end ofthe IP (the period considered).
2.4 P ARTIESCONCERNEDBYTHE INVESTIGATION
(8) The applicant Community producer, the exporters and exporting producers in China,
the importers knownto be concerned, and the representatives of the exporting country
were officially advised of the initiation of the review. Questionnaires were sent to all
these parties and to those who made themselves known within the time limit set in the
notice of initiation. In addition, the co-operating producer in the United States, which
was chosen as an analogue country, was advised and sent a questionnaire. Interested
parties were giventhe opportunityto make their views known inwriting.
(9) The applicant Community producer replied to the questionnaire, as well as one
importer. Inaddition, two independent resellers made their views known inwriting.
(10) The producerinthe analogue countryalso replied tothe questionnaire.
(11) Withrespect to the exporting country, no exportersor exporting producers co-operated
in the investigation.
6OJ C 117, 29.4.1999, p. 3.
7OJ C 323, 11.11.1999, p. 5.
52.5 V ERIFICATIONOF INFORMATIONRECEIVED
(12) All information deemed necessarywas sought and verified for the purpose of deciding
the likelihood of a continuation or recurrence of dumping and injury as well as a
determination of the Community interest. A verification visit was carried out at the
premises of the sole Community producer, Industrial Química del Nalón SA-IQN,
Oviedo, Spain.
(13) Interested parties were given the opportunity to request a hearing, but no such request
was made.
3. PRODUCT UNDER CONSIDERATION AND LIKE PRODUCT
3.1 D ESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT UNDERCONSIDERATION
(14) The product under consideration is the same as in the previous investigations, i.e.
potassium permanganate, which has the chemical formula KMnO 4.P o t a s s i u m
permanganate falls within CN code 2841 61 00, and is a compound of manganese,
potassium and oxygen whose manufacture requires two basic raw materials: caustic
potash (KOH) and manganese dioxide or pyrolusite ore (MnO2). The product is
manufactured in three grades: technical (97 to 98 % purity of KMnO 4,i nt h ef o r mo f
crystalline powder), free flowing (containing an anti-caking agent) and pharmaceutical
(minimum 99 % purity of KMnO 4in the form of crystals). All grades show the same
basic physical(crystalline) and chemicalproperties. It was therefore concluded that all
grades should be considered as one product forthe purposeofthe investigation.
(15) Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidising agent used for potable water treatment,
for waste water treatment, in the manufacture of chemicals and pharmaceuticals, in
aqua culture, in metal refining, for metal surface cleaning, as a disinfectant in
agriculture and veterinarypractices, for gas purification, process gas deodorization, for
bleaching and special treatments in the textile industry, in radioactive
decontamination, ingas turbine cleaning and for submarine air purification.
3.2 L IKEPRODUCT
(16) Potassium permanganate produced and sold on the domestic market in the U.S. and
that exported to the Community from China as well as that produced and sold by the
Community industry in the Community market had effectively identical physical
characteristics and uses and were thus like products within the meaning of Article 1(4)
ofthe basic Regulation.
4. CONTINUATION OR RECURRENCE OF DUMPING
4.1 G ENERALISSUES
(17) Eurostat statistics show a very low level of imports of potassium permanganate from
China, of 30 tonnes in 1998 and 23 tonnes during the IP. However, Chinese export
statistics (recital 44) show a much higher volume of 450 tonnes in 1998 and in the
previous year. With regard to this disparity, and in view of the total lack of co-
operation by Chinese exporters or exporting producers, there is a strong possibility of
6circumvention of the existing duties, by declaring the Chinese product as originating
in a number ofother countries8.
(18) Inthe contextofthe continuationofdumping, it was investigated whether dumping of
exports from the country concerned to the Community was currently taking place.
This was on the grounds that if dumping was taking place now, then it was reasonable
to consider that it would continue inthe future.
(19) Astotheexaminationofthe likelyrecurrence ofdumping should the current measures
be repealed, it was investigated both whether future dumping was likely and also
whether any such dumping would take place in significant quantities. The likelihood
of future dumping was assessed in relation to exports from the country concerned to
third countries and the question of volume was addressed by examining all relevant
market developments, bothdomestic and export.
(20) As the purpose of this type of review is to assess the likelihood of dumping should
measures be removed, it was not considered necessary or appropriate to calculate
dumping margins or allowances with the precision that would be necessary in an anti-
dumping investigation carried out under Article 5 of the basic Regulation.
Nevertheless, the investigation was carried out to a level of detail which would permit
a finding as to whether significant dumping had occurred during the investigation
period, irrespective of the precise price level of each export transaction, costs and
allowancesclaimedorotherwiseapplied.
(21) It was noted that the US administration recently decided to maintain their existing
anti-dumping measures against imports of potassium permanganate originating in
China. However, it was not considered necessary or appropriate to draw conclusions
from this fact, other than that it renders far less attractive one important market to
whichsome Chinese productioncapacitycould be redirected (see recital(40) below).
4.2 L IKELIHOODOFACONTINUATIONOF DUMPING
4.2.1 A NALOGUE COUNTRY
(22) In the absence of any co-operation on the part of Chinese exporters, normal value for
the exports fromChina had to be established inaccordance withArticle 2 (7) (a) of the
basic Regulation, i.e. based on information obtained in a market economy third
countrywhere the product was produced and sold.
(23) Inaccordance withthe Notice ofInitiation, the applicant's suggestion to use the United
States as an appropriate analogue country, as in the previous investigations, was
accepted for a number ofreasons:
The US is the largest world market for potassium permanganate and the second
largest producer after China.
The US market is open to imports, which represent around a 10% share of US
consumption.
Potassiumpermanganate, fromallsources, is a relativelyhomogeneous product.
8Regulation (EC) No2819/94, supra.
7In its major applications, potassium permanganate is subject to competition from
other substitutechemicals.
(24) Other countries (e. g. India, Czech Republic) were considered less appropriate as
reference countries in view of the scale of production and conditions of competition
prevailing in these markets. Also, Indian producers, who were approached as a
potentialreference country, indicatedthat theywould not be able to co-operate.
(25) Given the co-operation of the US producer, and the absence of comments from any
other interested parties, the US remained the only appropriate and reasonable choice,
as had alreadybeenthe case inthe 1988 and 1994 investigations.
4.2.2 N ORMAL VALUE
(26) Firstly, it was examined whether the domestic sales made by the co-operating US
producer were representative when compared to the imports into the Community
concerned by the investigation. This was considered to be the case as they were made
in significant quantities, measured against the average volume of exports recorded as
sold into the Communitybythe exporting producers inChina during the IP.
(27) It was also established that the relevant sales could be considered as having been made
in the ordinary course of trade, having compared the sales prices and costs of
production for eachgradeofpotassiumpermanganate sold bythe US producer.
(28) Normal value was thus established as the weighted average of the prices of all grades
ofpotassiumpermanganate sold onthe US domestic market inthe first quarterof1999
bythe co-operating US producer. Although the data supplied bythe US producer does
not cover the full IP, these prices were in line with the weighted average sales prices
for the years 1997 and 1998 which were also provided and can therefore be considered
representative for the IP .
(29) The figures submitted by the co-operating US producer were also verified where
possible with other sources. Given the level of dumping found, and the fact that an
exact calculation of these levels is not required as explained in recital 20, it was
considered that the figures need not be further corroborated byanon-site verification.
4.2.3 E XPORTPRICE
(30) As no exporting producers co-operated, the export price was determined on the basis
ofthe facts available. In this case this was by reference to Eurostat, and to information
provided byan importernot related tothe Chinese exporters.
(31) According to Eurostat, the weighted average value of imports from China on a CIF
European Community frontier basis, for all grades of potassium permanganate during
theIP was €1,125 per tonne. This is equivalent to approximately €960 per tonne on a
FOB Chinese border basis.
(32) Based on evidence provided by the applicant, the average import price from China on
a CIF European Community frontier basis was around €970 per tonne which is
equivalent to approximately €810 per tonne onanFOB Chinese border basis.
(33) The only European importer which co-operated in the investigation provided price
data which falls withinthe range ofthe above figures.
8(34) Chinese export statistics (recital 44) show a unit value of €886 per tonne for the year
of1998, which is also in line withthe said price levels.
(35) In summary, information on export prices taken from several independent sources
indicates that the export price ranges from approximately €800 to 1,000 per tonne on
a FOB Chinese border basis.
4.3 C OMPARISON
(36) Comparisons were made betweenexport prices ona FOB Chinese border basis and the
United States normal value, whichwas adjusted accordingly by adding the average US
inland freight fromfactorytoport(FOBUSborder).
4.4 D UMPINGMARGIN
(37) The analysis performed shows that exports to the Community have been dumped at a
substantial margin during the IP. The dumping margins according to the different
sources mentioned in recitals 30 to 35 range from 108% to 174%. These would
correspond to specific duty rates of €1.308 and €1.543 per kg respectively, a rate
higher thanthe dutyof €1.260 per kgcurrentlyinforce.
5. LIKELIHOOD OF THE RECURRENCE OF DUMPING5.1 L
IKELIHOODOFRECURRENCEOFSIGNIFICANT VOLUMES
(38) China is the world's largest producer and exporter of potassium permanganate and
currently has a high level of unused production capacity which has been brought on
stream in the last few years. This excess capacity is equivalent to 5 or 6 times the
volume ofthe Community market.
(39) China has the potential to increase its exports to the Community market in very
significant volumes, particularly as sales in the Chinese domestic market are not
expectedto increase inthe foreseeable future.
(40) Furthermore, in the USA, the world's largest market in terms of consumption of
potassium permanganate, Chinese exports, which have been subject to anti-dumping
duties since 1983, have virtually ceased. Following a review in 1999, the level of anti-
dumping dutyinthe USAhas recently been maintained at 128.94%.
(41) India, another important market, has also imposed a substantial anti-dumping duty
(equivalentto €149 pertonne) onChinese origin imports, since 1995.
(42) These factors, together with relatively stable world consumption, can only increase the
attractiveness of the Community market, the largest in the world after the US and
China itself.
5.2 L IKELIHOODOFRECURRENCEOFDUMPING
(43) Taking into account all the sources of information available during the proceeding, it
can be seen that Chinese producers have continued to dump the product concerned
ontothe Communitymarket inthe period after the present measures were imposed.
9(44) Moreover, Chinese exports to third markets have also consistently been at very low
and dumped prices, as confirmed by comparing the Chinese export statistics and the
normalvalue determinations inthis case:
Chinese exports of
potassiumpermanganate1996 1997 1998
World
Quantity(t) 7,924 10,176 10,396
Unitvalue( €/t) 1,011 984 892
EC
Quantity(t) 222 450 450
Unitvalue( €/t) 843 877 886
Source: Chineseexportstatistics
(45) In these circumstances there is every reason to believe that any increased volumes
exportedfromChina tothe Communitywould be at dumped prices.
5.3 C ONCLUSION
(46) The relatively stable consumption on the world market, the increase over the past five
years of the level of unused capacities and the limited access to other key export
markets indicate that there is a likelihood that the repeal of the current anti-dumping
measures against imports of the product concerned from China would lead to a
recurrence ofsignificant volumes ofdumped exportsontothe Communitymarket.
(47) In particular, the examination of dumping with regard to sales to the European
Community during the IP and of sales to third country markets outside the European
Community, showed a pattern of continued dumping by the Chinese exporters as well
as evidence that any increased volume of exports from China would be at dumped
prices.
6. DEFINITION OF THE COMMUNITY INDUSTRY
(48) The applicant (CEFIC) acts on behalf of the only Community producer of the product
concerned. This producer (Industrial Química del Nalón SA-IQN) represents 100% of
potassium permanganate produced in the Community during the IP and constitutes,
therefore,the “Community industry” pursuant to Article 4(1)ofthe basic Regulation.
7. ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION OF THE COMMUNITY INDUSTRY
7.1 C ONSUMPTION
(49) Consumption in the Community was calculated using verified data of sales provided
by the Community industry and import volumes obtained via Eurostat. Consumption
decreased by 18% during the period 1995 to the end of the IP, although consumption
in 1995 was unusually high due to a severe drought in Spain. Consumption during the
IP was close to thatof1996, following dips during 1997 and 1998.
107.2 V OLUME AND PRICES OF IMPORTSFROM THE COUNTRY CONCERNED
(50) Data from Eurostat suggests that imports from China remained low throughout the
period considered, due to the existence of anti-dumping measures. However, as
outlined in recital 44, export statistics provided by the Chinese Government suggests
much higher exportsto the EU of222 tonnes in 1996 and 450 tonnes in both 1997 and
1998. This represents a market share during the IP of 10%9which is well above de
minimis levels. Even if the Eurostat figures were correct, and the volume of imports
was very low during the IP, this is not relevant in the context of an expiry review as
the low volume of imports is, at least in part, attributable to the measures already in
force.
(51) Due to the low level ofconfirmed Chinese origin potassium permanganate sold on the
Community market and the total non-cooperation from the producers/exporters in the
country concerned, it is difficult to make any accurate price comparisons. However,
the data available leads to the conclusion that Chinese prices remain at a level
significantly below those of the Community producer. Eurostat figures show that
during the IP, Chinese (duty-free) prices undercut Community producer prices by an
average of 38%. Similar data for Taiwan shows only slightly lower undercutting by an
average of33%.
(52) The price of Chinese origin potassium permanganate is well below both the average
market price and the price ofthe Community industry. Only in 1997 were prices close
tothoseofthe Communityproducer, but since thenthere has beena growing disparity.
Having come onto the Community market in 1997, Taiwanese prices have consistently
undercut the Community producer by around 25%. As there is apparently no
production in Taiwan, there is reasonable cause to suspect that this product is of
Chinese origin.
7.3 I MPORTSFROM OTHERTHIRDCOUNTRIES
7.3.1 Volumes and market share
(53) Total imports from other third countries increased by 54% between 1995 and the IP,
although imports from the Ukraine and India have decreased considerably due to the
imposition of anti-dumping duties against these countries by Regulation (EC) No
1507/9810. Conversely, imports from the USA, the Czech Republic, and Taiwan have
increased markedly. In the case of the Czech Republic, exports to the Community
account for 69% of its total capacity, estimated at around 1,000 tonnes per annum.
Taiwan, who had no exports to the Community until 1997 has seen a doubling of
volume year on year since then.
7.3.2 Sales prices
(54) The USA and the Czech Republic are the main importers into the Community against
whom no anti-dumping measures are currently in place. The U.S. prices are at a level
close to, but slightly higher, than those of the Community producer. The Czech
Republic prices are the lowest of all the main exporters to the Community. However,
as explained in recital 53, the scope for further penetration of the market by Czech
9Thefigureincludesamargin of+/-5%toprotect theconfidentialityoftheCommunityproducer.
10OJ L200, 16.07.1998, p. 4.
11exporters is limited and at maximum would only represent a further 5% increase in
market share. There is no evidence that these imports are either causing injury to the
Communityindustry, orthat theyare being made at dumped prices
7.4 S ITUATIONOFTHE COMMUNITY INDUSTRY
7.4.1 Market share and sales volume
(55) The Community industry represents 100% of Community production in the IP, as
there is only one Community producer of potassium permanganate. Until 1998, when
it went out of business, there was another Community producer, Chemie AG based in
Germany. However, this company has not been considered in analysing the situation
ofthe Communityindustry, except forthe indicatoronemployment.
(56) The volume of sales of the Community industry decreased by 21%, during the period
considered, whilst its market share fell by 2%. However, consumption dropped by
18% over the same period, so that the Community industry was able to maintain the
majorityof its market share in a declining market.
(57) As already indicated in recital49, 1995 was exceptional due to a severe drought in the
south of Spain and the exhaustion of water supplies. This led directly to an increase in
the consumptionofpotassiumpermanganate for the treatment ofheavilypolluted river
water. As the Community industry was best placed to meet this exceptional demand,
its sales volumes and market share were correspondingly improved. A more
meaningful and representative analysis would be to take the period from 1996 to the
IP. Over this period, whilst both the volume of sales and the Community industry’s
market share have increased, there has been a reduction in both indicators during the
IP fromhighs in1997 and 1998.
7.4.2 Production, capacityandcapacityutilisation
(58) Capacity utilisation of the Community industry increased by 15% over the period
considered. Capacity utilisation was low during 1997 due to the high stock levels at
the end of 1996 (recital 65). Following the introduction of anti-dumping measures
against India and Ukraine in 1998, the capacity ut ilisation during the IP returned to its
1996 level.
7.4.3 Cost ofproduction
(59) Unit costs per tonne of potassium permanganate increased by 5% over the period
considered. There was a peak in 1997 explained by the low production levels that year
and the ensuing effect offixed costsonthe unit price.
7.4.4 Employment
(60) Whilst the remaining Community producer maintained a stable employment situation
throughout the period considered, it should be kept in mind that another Community
producer completely shut down operations during the period considered, resulting in a
lossofemployment.
127.4.5 Production andproductivity
(61) Production and productivity increased by 16% and 21% respectively over the period
considered.
7.4.6 Price development
(62) An analysis of sales prices of the Community industry showed that sales prices
increased by 12% over the period considered. The largest increase occurred in 1998
when anti-dumping measures were imposed on imports of potassium permanganate
fromIndia and Ukraine. The unit price has beenstable for the last two years.
7.4.7 Profits
(63) During the period considered the Community industry showed a profit during 1995
followed by losses in 1996, 1997 and 1998. The Community industry returned to
modest profitabilityduring the IP. This is explained by the imposition ofanti-dumping
measures against India and the Ukraine in 1998, following which there was a marked
recovery.
7.4.8 Export salesofCommunity Industry
(64) Export sales are mainlydirectedto USA, Norwayand Switzerland. Except for a loss in
1995, the Community industry showed a profit on its export sales between 1996 and
theIP.
7.4.9Development ofstocks
(65) Stock levels were high at the end of 1996 due to increased production but since there
was no repetitionofthe 1995 drought, theyhave beenprogressivelyreduced.
7.4.10 Conclusionson the situation oftheCommunity industry
(66) Most of the indicators suggest that the situation of the Community industry is
improving. This is particularly noticeable from 1998 onwards, when anti-dumping
measures were imposed against India and Ukraine. Over the period considered output
and productivity have increased, prices have risen and the IP saw a return to modest
profitability. The decrease in consumption and sales volumes during the period
considered should be seen in the light of the fact that the 1995 base level was inflated
due to a drought in Spain. However, both indicators have shown improvement during
1997 and 1998, with some fall-off during the IP. At the same time, the Community
industryhas maintained its market share.
(67) During the period considered, the capacityof the Community industry did not change,
whilst the utilisation of that capacity increased. However, the cost of production of
potassiumpermanganate increased.
(68) Taken together, the indicators point to a situation where anti-dumping measures
against China, India, and Ukraine have allowed the Community industry to compete
on a fair footing. Prices of U.S. exports to the Community market, where there is no
suggestion of injurious dumping, are at a level close to those of the Community
producer, suggesting these prices can be considered as those achievable in a fair and
open market. With the imposition of measures against China, India and Ukraine, price
13increases have been possible. This has resulted in profitable trading during the IP, the
first profitable trading since 1995.
8. LIKELIHOOD OF RECURRENCE OF INJURY
8.1 C OMMUNITY INDUSTRY
(69) The situationofthe Communityindustryis outlined inrecitals 55 to 68.
8.2 L IKELYEXPORTSFROM CHINA
(70) Although limited, there is evidence to show that prices charged by Chinese exporters,
particularly to Chile and Australia, are at levels that would significantly undercut the
Community industry. The information available from Eurostat and the Chinese
authorities shows potassium permanganate coming from China to the Community
significantlyundercutting Communityindustryprices during the IP.
(71) There have been large capacity increases by Chinese manufacturers. This is against a
background of no discernible future increases in domestic demand. Whilst China had
only a small share of the Community market during the IP, its excess capacity alone
could satisfytotalCommunityconsumptionseveraltimes over.
8.3 C ONCLUSION
(72) It was concluded in recitals 46 and 47 that there was a likelihood of a return to the
dumping in significant quantities of Chinese potassium permanganate onto the
Community market were anti-dumping measure allowed to lapse. The likely volume
and prices of these imports would almost certainly have a profound negative effect on
the Community market.
(73) With no ancillary increase in Community demand, the result would be to reduce
significantly either the market share or the prices of the Community industry. In all
probability, both would be affected resulting in a drop in profitability and ultimately in
a threat to the future viability of the Community industry. It was therefore concluded
that the removal of anti-dumping measure against potassium permanganate from
China would be verylikelyto cause materialinjurytothe Communityindustry.
9. COMMUNITY INTEREST9.1 I
NTRODUCTION
(74) Pursuant to Article 21 ofthe basic Regulation, it was examined whether a prolongation
ofthe existing anti-dumping measures would be against the interest of the Community
as a whole. The determinationofthe Communityinterest was based on an appreciation
ofall the various interests involved.
(75) In order to assess the likely impact of continuation or non-continuation of the
measures, information was requested from all interested parties mentioned above.
Questionnaires were sent to the Community producer and all known unrelated
importers of potassium permanganate. The Community producer as well as one
importer replied to the questionnaire. Two independent resellers of potassium
permanganate also made submissions.
14(76) It should be recalled that, in the previous investigation, the adoption of measures was
considered not to be against the interest of the Community. Furthermore, it should be
noted that the present investigation is a review, thus analysing a situation in which
anti-dumping measures are already in place. Consequently, this allows the assessment
of any undue negative impact the current anti-dumping measures may have had in the
past onthe parties concerned to be takeninto account.
(77) On this basis it was examined, whether, despite the conclusions on dumping, on the
situation of the Community industry and the likely continuation and/or recurrence of
injuriousdumping, compellingreasonsexist whichwould lead tothe conclusionthat it
is not in the Community interest to maintain measures in this particular case.
9.2 I NTERESTSOF COMMUNITYINDUSTRY
(78) It is considered that without maintaining the anti-dumping measures established in the
previous investigation, injurious dumping is likely to continue/recur and that the
situation of the Community industry, which is still fragile, will deteriorate. The
Community industry has shown that it is able to compete on the Community market
against competitors which do not sell at dumped prices. The Community industry has
also shown that it has been able to benefit fromthe anti-dumping measures in place.
(79) During the period considered the Community industry showed that it is able to
compete in the Community market, in the US market and in other third country
markets where fair conditions prevail. In addition, the Community industry has shown
that it is viable and indeed capable of benefiting from the anti-dumping measures in
place. Improvements in productivity (recital 61) and capacity ut ilisation (recital 58),
together witha returnto profitabilityduring the IP have shown that, in a market where
measures exist to counteract injurious dumping, it is able to compete fully and
effectivelyon the Community market.
(80) However, ifmeasures against injurious dumping expire, the Community market would
be open to large volumes of dumped imports from China. The situation of the
Community industry would deteriorate to the extent that its viability would be put at
risk, withdetrimentaleffects onemployment, consumer choice etc.
9.3 I NTERESTSOF USERSANDIMPORTERS
(81) Only one questionnaire response was received from an importer, two submissions
from independent resellers, and no submissions were made byend users. The importer
made no comments either supporting or opposing the continuation of measures, whilst
the independent resellers were in favour of maintaining the existing measures.
(82) Given this situation, the implications of an anti-dumping duty on the overall costs of
the users and importers appear to be limited. Other imports which are in competition
with the Community industry will ensure the maintenance of a high level of
competition. Since the new applications for the product include drinking water and
waste purification, and the customers in this case are not big industries but
municipalities or public utilities, stability of supply is an important objective.
Therefore it is inthe interest ofthe usersand, more particularly, the generalpublic that
the Communityindustryremains as a reliable supplier ofthis product and is not forcedout of the market. The lack of response from importers and users suggests that the
measurescurrentlyin forcehave nothadasignificant impact ontheir business.
159.4 C ONCLUSIONON COMMUNITY INTEREST
(83) The expiryof measures would have a serious impact onthe economic prospects of the
Community industry, whereas importers would only be affected, if measures were
extended, by continuing marginal increases in costs. After balancing the various
interests involved, it is considered that maintaining the anti-dumping measures will
allow the present situation of fair competition to continue, by eliminating the injurious
effects of dumping practices. Therefore, there are no compelling reasons against the
continuationof measures.
10. FINAL CONCLUSION
(84) It follows that, as provided for by Article 11(2) of the basic Regulation, the anti-
dumping measures currently in force with regard to imports of potassium
permanganate originating inChina should be maintained.
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
1. A definitive anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of potassium permanganate,
falling within CN code 2841 6100,originating inthe People’s Republic ofChina.
2. The amount of the duty applicable to the net, free-at-Community-frontier price, before
customs clearance, shall be €1.26 perKilogram.
3. Unless otherwise specified, the provisions in force concerning customs duties shallapply.
Article 2
This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the
OfficialJournal of theEuropean Communities .
This Regulation shall be binding in its entiretyand directlyapplicable in allMember States.
Done at Brussels,
For the Council
The President