EN    EN EN 
 
EN    EN  EUROPEAN COMMISSION 
Brussels, 12.5.2010 
SEC(2010) 513 final 
COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT 
Accompanying the 
 
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION  
TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIA MENT AND THE COUNCIL 
Taking stock of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) 
  
Implementation of the Europe an Neighbourhood Policy in 2009 
Sectoral Progress Report  
 
  
{COM(2010) 207 final} 
{SEC(2010) 514 final} {SEC(2010) 515 final} {SEC(2010) 516 final} {SEC(2010) 517 final} {SEC(2010) 518 final} {SEC(2010) 519 final} {SEC(2010) 520 final} {SEC(2010) 521 final} {SEC(2010) 522 final} {SEC(2010) 523 final} {SEC(2010) 524 final} {SEC(2010) 525 final} 
 
EN 2   EN Introduction 
The current financial and economic crisis is  the most severe experienced in several 
generations. It has impacted the real economy in the EU and its part ner countries in its 
neighbourhood through tighter credit conditi ons, collapsing confidence, and a sharp 
contraction in global demand and trade and, subs equently, in economic growth. This has led 
to a slump in investment activity and a sh arp drop in output and capacity utilisation, 
particularly in manufacturing and construction. The depth and global nature of the crisis 
undermined otherwise viable and competitive businesses, thus leading to massive un-
employment, while leaving the most vulne rable populations particularly exposed. 
Many of the countries covered by the Eu ropean Neighbourhood Policy are amongst the 
emerging economies hardest hit by the global re cession. After a sharp c ontraction across the 
region in 2009 in general, only a fragile and patchy recovery is expected in 2010 and some 
economies may continue to shrink this year. 
Nonetheless, while the crisis has slowed down the reform momentum in  the region, it has not 
led to a reversal of economic reforms. It is a testament to the resilience of the transition process that the answer to the current crisis has not been to replace the transition agenda, but 
to try to maintain it, as far as possible. 
The sector policy dialogue conduc ted together with the ENP part ners in growing number of 
sub-committees and, indirectly, through the negotiation of new c ontractual relations 
continued unabated and enabled further transfer  of reform experience.  This dialogue focussed 
on a wide range of growth-enhancing policy objectiv es included in the Action Plans, such as 
developing a framework for financial services to improve access to finance, insurance and 
other financial services important for enterprise s; addressing administ rative, legislative and 
regulatory obstacles to the cr eation and development of firms; ensuring the security of 
property rights, contract enforcement and investor protection; improving competition policy; undertaking institutional and judiciary reforms; supporting research and development and improving the quality of education; combati ng corruption; and suppor ting specific sectors 
such a transport, energy and the environment. 
Social reform and development 
The global economic and financial crisis impact ed negatively on the labour market, the social 
climate and consequently on the ability to curb poverty  and to promote employment. This 
led in particular to an increase of the unemp loyment rates, the return of migrant workers 
(notably in Jordan and Egypt ), the decrease of remittances (most notably in the Republic of  
Moldova, hereinafter, including in the tables, Mo ldova), and the susp ension of the poverty 
programme in Armenia . Despite this difficult backgroun d, most countries continued to 
consider employment promotion and poverty reduction key priorities. 
ENP partners generally acknowledge the key ro le of social dialogu e in socio-economic 
development. However, a majority of countries still lack adequate  social dialogue  
mechanisms and Jordan, Lebanon and Morocco still need to ratify ILO Fundamental 
Conventions on freedom of association and co llective bargaining. Overall implementation of 
ILO conventions should be reinforced. 
The implementation of social protection  schemes was severely affected by the economic 
turmoil. However,  Moldova  and Ukraine 
increased basic social allocations and the minimum 
 
EN 3   EN subsistence wages. The fiscal sustainabili ty of such assistance might be at risk.  Social 
inclusion  strategies, facilitating access of vulnerabl e groups into the labour market, are often 
lacking or not coherent. 
Most ENP countries continued e fforts to upgrade legislation to promote gender equality and 
enhance the participation of women  in social, political and economic life.  Morocco  
introduced gender sensitive budgeting and Jordan  established gender equality units in main 
ministries. However, women continued to ha ve a less favourable situation on the labour 
markets and to suffer from gender pay gaps  and gender-based discrimination. The legal 
framework and its implementation need to be si gnificantly strengthened to effectively protect 
women’s rights and to co mbat domestic violence. 
Sustainable development 
Little progress can be seen in the preparation of sustainable de velopment strategies or, where 
these exist, their implementa tion. ENP partners frequently  experience difficulties in 
coordinating sustainable developm ent issues among ministries.  
Trade, market and regulatory reform 
Progress was made in 2009 in the area of trade and economic integration . Negotiations on 
the Deep and Comprehensive Free  Trade Agreement (DCFTA) with Ukraine continued. 
Negotiations on the trade-related part  of the framework agreement with Libya  continued. The 
feasibility study exploring po ssible DCFTA negotiations with  Moldova was finalised in 2009. 
Following up the DCFTA fact-finding missions , the preparatory work for the DCFTA 
negotiations with Georgia and Armenia progressed. Negotiations continued with 
Mediterranean ENP partners on the liberalisation of  services and the right of establishment.  
In June 2009, ACAA (Agreement on Conformity Assessment and Acceptance of Industrial 
Products) negotiations with Israel  were concluded in the s ector of Good Manufacturing 
Practice of Pharmaceuticals. Bilateral protoc ols on the creation of a dispute settlements 
mechanism were signed with Tunisia , and initialled with Jordan , Tunisia and Morocco . 
Negotiations continued with Egypt , Israel  and the Palestinian  Authority . Agreements on 
further liberalisation of trade in agricultural, processed agricultural, fish and fishery products 
were signed with Israel  and Egypt , and negotiations were concluded with  Morocco  and 
continued with  Tunisia . The Palestinian  Authority  adopted the Pan-Euro-Mediterranean 
protocol on rules of origin. Negotiations on an  agreement on the protection of Geographical 
Indications (GIs) continued with Georgia . 
At the 8th Trade Ministerial meeting of the Un ion for the Mediterranean, held in Brussels on 
9 December, Ministers generally endorsed the EuroMed Trade roadmap beyond 2010 while 
noting Syria ’s reservations on certain aspects of the Roadmap. In the longer term, the aim of 
the roadmap is to make sure that the EuroMed Free Trade Area is deep and comprehensive and removes not only tariff but  also non-tariff barriers a nd that South-South regional 
integration is further develope d. Ministers also endorsed the c onclusion of the single regional 
convention on preferential rules of origin fo r the Pan-Euro-Mediterranean area. This will 
replace the current networ k of protocols and will allow the Western Balkans to be included in 
the Pan-Euro-Mediterranean system. 
Some customs  administrations in part ner countries, such as Israel, Morocco , Moldova  and 
Tunisia,  have already implemented a large part of  the customs-related commitments in their 
 
EN 4   EN respective Action Plans and are continuing their reform process. In implementing their 
respective strategic plans, the customs administra tions of most partner countries are currently 
concentrating on developing more sophisticat ed and modern customs techniques. For 
example, Georgia, Armenia, Lebanon, Ukraine  and Moldova  are upgrading their risk 
management systems and Armenia, Georgia and Moldova are developing the use of post 
clearance controls.  Azerbaijan, Jordan,  Morocco and Tunisia have already made progress in 
implementing the single window a pproach to facilitate trade. Se veral IT projects are ongoing, 
such as the pilot phase of the Israeli  TRACK system, the ASYCUDA project in the oPt and 
Jordan , and SINDA 2010 in Tunisia . Most countries are continuing their reforms to facilitate 
trade and ensure the security of the supply chain based on inte rnational standards (WCO) and 
are working on the concept of “authorised econom ic operators” (AEO) to facilitate trade for 
reliable operators. The question of customs ethi cs is being tackled in  most countries but it 
remains a concern. The implementation of WTO- compatible customs valuation rules remains 
problematic, in particular in Ukraine  and Georgia . Armenia , Georgia  and Ukraine  need to 
ensure that their customs administration acqui res the necessary capacity for certification and 
verification of origin. Here, Georgia  took a first step to involve customs in the process of 
issuing and verifying certificates of preferen tial origin. The dialogue at technical level 
between the European Commission a nd the State Customs Committee of Belarus  on issues of 
common interest continued dur ing the reporting period and wa s focused, among others, on 
future alignment of transit.  
On standards, technical regulations  and conformity assessment, most ENP partner 
countries achieved some progress in their pr eparatory work towards the conclusion of 
bilateral agreements on Conformity Assessm ent and Acceptance of  Industrial Products 
(ACAAs). The key areas of work include the ap proximation of their legi slation with EU law 
in selected sectors and the gradual upgrading of  their administrative structures. As stated 
above, ACAA negotiations with Israel on Good Manufacturing Practic e of Pharmaceuticals 
were concluded. Tunisia  and Egypt have also progressed well in  their ACAA preparations. In 
Ukraine, progress in this area has been very limited .  
Negotiations on the liberalisation of services and establishment are on-going with Israel, 
Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia . However, progress was limited. Jordan expressed interest in 
entering into bilateral negotiations on the liberalisation of trade in services and the right of establishment in 2010.  
In the area of sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) issues, the ENP partners made further 
progress. However, substantial efforts are required over the coming years to improve food 
safety for citizens and to enhance agricultural trade. Similar efforts are also needed with a view to preparing deep and comprehensiv e free trade areas betw een the EU and ENP 
partners.  
Several ENP partners prepared draft food safety strategies ( Georgia, Moldova)  or carried out 
a needs assessment ( Palestinian Authority). ENP partners continued to adopt or prepare 
legislation (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Isra el, Jordan, Lebanon, Moldova, Morocco, 
Tunisia and Ukraine).  In Moldova, key veterinary and phytosanitar y agencies, established in 
2008, became operational in 2009. In Morocco a food safety agency was formally 
established. Laboratories were further upgraded (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova 
and Ukraine ) and SPS experts were trained.   
Most ENP partners are now connected to th e external window of the EU’s Rapid Alert 
System for Food and Feed.  
 
EN 5   EN In 2009, the European Commission’s Food and Veterinary Office carried out several 
inspection visits to ENP countries ( Azerbaijan, Egypt, Israel and Ukraine ). In July 2009 ENP 
partners participated in a first TAIEX semina r on food safety issues organised jointly by the 
Commission and the European Food Safety Authority. The ENP partners and the EU 
consolidated their c ooperation under the Commission’s ‘Better Training for Safer food’ 
training programme. ENP partners  without an Action Plan also participated in the 
programme. In July 2009, for example,  a workshop on meat was held in Syria. In October 
2009, the European Commission and Belarus further strengthened dialogue with an expert 
meeting on SPS.  
The EU and its neighbours also continued SPS cooperation through (twinning) projects under 
the ENPI.  
As regards business climate, establishment and company law , administrative requirements 
for company ownership (Azerbaijan ) and limitation on disclosure requirements ( Georgia ) 
still exist. Overall, only limited progress can be reported in the adopt ion and implementation 
of corporate governance.  
As regards taxation , tax administration reform is an ongoi ng process in most of the partner 
countries. Activities to promote voluntary compliance, such as in Jordan  and Azerbaijan , and 
to strengthen the audit capacity, as in Georgia , are ongoing. Several projects for the 
computerisation of tax administrations are being developed (for example in Azerbaijan , 
Armenia , Moldova  and Morocco ). A number of bilateral tr eaties on the avoidance of double 
taxation with EU Member Stat es were signed and entered in to force during the reporting 
period. Armenia  succeeded in tackling the problem of VAT refunds, while further efforts are 
needed in Moldova and particularly in Ukraine . 
In the field of competition policy, some countries (Egypt, Armenia) continued reforms 
towards establishing a modern competition polic y. However, ENP countries still face many 
challenges in implementing competition policies (Moldova, Georgia, Az erbaijan, Jordan, 
Lebanon and Morocco) as no adequate legal and institutio nal framework is yet in place. In 
2009, there was technical dialogue with Georgia  on competition matters.  
Most ENP countries continued to u pgrade legislation in the field of intellectual property 
(IP) rights . However, only limited progr ess can be noted overall in the sound and effective 
implementation of IP rights. The powers of enforcement bodies as well as legal sanctions 
need to be significantly enhanced to e ffectively fight piracy and counterfeiting. 
On financial services , ENP partners were affected by the global financial and economic 
crisis. Nevertheless, most pa rtner countries continued to make progress in implementing 
financial sector reforms with the aim of bringi ng the sector into line with international best 
practices. ENP partners progres sed in upgrading their regulator y and supervisory frameworks 
and in establishing independent supervisory authorities. In 2009, Egypt  established  a unified 
financial supervisory body and Azerbaijan, Georgia and Ukraine adopted new banking laws. 
The implementation of public procurement  procedures and the lack  of adequate review 
mechanisms remained, for most countries, a cha llenge in their effort to improve the business 
climate.  
There was continued liberalisation in the movement of capital and payments (for example 
Morocco and Tunisia ). 
 
EN 6   EN Most ENP countries continued to improve le gislation and administrative capacities on 
statistics . 
ENP partners continued to raise awareness on  consumer protection . Lebanon  and Israel 
reinforced legislation in this area.  
Regarding public internal financial control (PIFC) for public finance management, 
Moldova and Ukraine  pursued the establishment and implementation of control systems and 
internal audit in accordance with internat ionally agreed standards. No significant 
developments may be noted in Armenia and Georgia while initiatives stalled in  Azerbaijan. 
Reforms advanced steadily in Jordan, the  occupied Palestinian territory and Morocco but 
were slow in  Egypt and Lebanon. Public internal financial control, based on advanced 
principles such as managerial accountability and operationally independent and decentralised 
internal audit, can successfully develop only under the conditions of transparency inherent in 
a democratic state order. 
On enterprise policy , Mediterranean partners continued to implement the Euro-
Mediterranean Charter for En terprise. Most countries (Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Syria and 
Tunisia) made good progress in promoting thei r enterprise policies based on the 
recommendations of the 2008 assessment of the Charter’s implementation. A regional 
meeting and bilateral meetings on the Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise were 
organised in all the Mediterrane an partner countries in 2009. En terprise policy dialogue also 
forms part of the Eastern partnership. 
Most countries continued to update their  audit and accounting standards and to reinforce 
the capacity of the regulatory agencies. 
Cooperation on justice, freedom and security 
In the field of migration , the visa facilitation and readmission agreements with Moldova and 
Ukraine  were implemented successfully for the second year running in 2009. New visa 
facilitation and readmission agreements were initialled with Georgia  with conclusion 
expected during 2010. A visa dialogue  was carried out with Ukraine  with a view to visa 
liberalisation. No substantial progress can be  reported in negotiations for a readmission 
agreement with Morocco . 
In the field of asylum , Regional Protection Programmes continued to be implemented in 
Moldova  and Ukraine, while  Jordan continued to host large numbe rs of Iraqi refugees. By 
the end of 2009, the Commission proposed the es tablishment of a new Regional Protection 
Programme in North Africa, to encompass Egypt, Libya and Tunisia.  
Two mobility partnerships are being implemented, in Moldova  and in Georgia  (initialled in 
November 2009).  This instrument introduced a range of  topics for cooperation and dialogue 
in the area of migration, going beyond the trad itional border and visa focused approach. In 
the framework of this cooperation, the signatori es (COM, the willing EU  MS and the partner 
country) implement together a wide range of initiatives related to legal mobility, labour 
migration, migration and development, asyl um policy and the fight against irregular 
migration.  
ENP partners strengthened their border management capacities to combat cross-border and 
organised crime. They also continued approxi mation of their border and law-enforcement 
 
EN 7   EN authorities’ standards with thos e of the EU. A greater capacity to ensure effective border 
controls and surveillance led, in certain case s, to improved detection of smuggling, illegal 
migration and customs fraud. Efforts to profes sionalise and civiliani se border management 
services need to be consistently pursued. Im provements to risk assessment techniques and 
analysis remain critical in this regard. Closer cooperation and communication between 
national authorities at regional level remain s necessary for ENP partner countries whose 
borders still need to be demarcated and delimitated. 
Regarding the fight against organised crime , all ENP partners with an ENP action plan 
have ratified the UN Convention agains t Trans-national Organised Crime. Syria and Jordan 
ratified it in 2009. The Convention’s First Prot ocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish the 
Trafficking of Persons, especially Women and Ch ildren has also been ratified by all partners 
except Morocco . The Second Protocol against the Sm uggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and 
Air has been signed and ratifi ed by all partners except Morocco.  This Protocol was acceded 
to by Jordan  in 2009. he Third Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking 
in Firearms Their Parts, Co mponents and Ammunition are yet to be signed and ratified by 
Armenia, Georgia, Egypt , Israel, Jordan, Syria and Ukraine. Morocco  acceded to this 
protocol in 2009. Progress was made in establis hing national plans and strategies. Continued 
attention remains necessary to ensure the full  and effective implementation of established 
national plans and strategies to combat all fo rms of organised crime, particularly in the 
context of regional cooperation Moldova  ratified the Council of Europe Convention on 
Cybercrime  in 2009  while  Azerbaijan ratified in early 2010.  
Most ENP partners began implemen tation of national action plans to fight trafficking in 
human beings , including victims’ support measures ai med at recovery, social re-integration 
and inclusion . However, changes to the legislative framework and further measures to 
improve and develop protection, prevention and rehabilitation measures are required in all 
countries. Investment in awarenes s-raising actions will be partic ularly crucial to amplify their 
impact. In February 2010, outside the reporting period, Azerbaijan  signed the  Council of 
Europe 2005 Convention on Action against Traffi cking in Human Beings. This country and 
Ukraine  have yet to ratify it.  
Most ENP partners continued developing and implementing nati onal strategies to combat 
money laundering and the financing of terrorism , incorporating the 40 + 9 FATF 
(Financial Action Task Force) recommendations. The work of MoneyVal continued to act as 
one of the reference point for reforms in this area. Nevertheless, certain shortcomings remain 
in terms of implementing the control regime and properly advising fi nancial institutions on 
their due diligence obligations. The Council of Europe Convention on Laundering, Search, 
Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime and on the Financing of Terrorism (Warsaw Convention) was not ratified by Ukraine , and remains to be signed and ratified by 
Azerbaijan and Georgia . 
In the fight against drugs , partner countries continued to implement their obligations under 
the 1988 UN Convention against Il licit Traffic in Narc otic and Psychotropi c Substances and 
other international instruments. Capacity build ing within designated na tional authorities and 
other law enforcement agencies to deal with the drugs pheno menon using both repressive and 
preventive measures advanced incrementally . Continued attention to human resource 
development is required in this respect . As noted in 2008, effective sharing of intelligence 
among ENP partners and other geographical neighbours on drugs production as well as on 
trafficking supply routes remains critical in  order to consolidate regional cooperation. The 
overall efficiency of national strategies can be enhanced only through structured cooperation 
 
EN 8   EN with civil society groups as part of an inte grated approach. The development of effective 
harm-reduction and rehabilitation programmes as well as additional public investment in 
health and curative facilities remain priorities in all partner countries.  
In the area of police and judicial cooperation , relevant ENP partners did not progress in 
2009 on ratification of the 1997 Second Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Crim inal Matters, although Armenia  signed this protocol in March. In 
2009, Armenia and Moldova  signed and ratified the Counc il of Europe’s 2005 Convention on 
the Laundering, Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime and on the Financing of Terrorism. It has yet to be ratified by Ukraine  and signed and ratified by 
Azerbaijan  and Georgia . 
In the area of criminal law  cooperation, Moldova  ratified the 2001 Convention on 
Cybercrime, while Azerbaijan  and Georgia  have yet to ratify it. The Convention’s Additional 
Protocol concerning the criminalisation of ac ts of a racist and xe nophobic nature committed 
through computer systems remained to be ratified by Moldova  and signed and ratified by 
Azerbaijan  and Georgia . Further attention and additional re sources are required to ensure the 
ratification and effective implem entation of these Conventions.  
Regarding cooperation on civil law , Belarus, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Morocco  and 
Ukraine  are members of the Hague Conference on Private International Law concerning the 
international protection of children, family  and property relations, legal cooperation and 
commercial and finance law. In this context and in order to improve international legal 
assistance and cooperation, ENP partners ar e encouraged to accede to the 1980 Hague 
Convention on Civil Aspects of  International Child Abducti on, the 1996 Hague Convention 
on Parental Responsibility and the Protecti on of Children, the 1965 Hague Convention on the 
Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudici al Documents and the 1970 Convention on Taking 
of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters .  
In 2009, Jordan  joined, with the assistance of the Hague  Conference, the J udicial Conference 
on Cross-Frontier Family Law Issues, the so-cal led ’Malta Process’. This aims to promote 
expert dialogue on internat ional child protection and family law  issues. Algeria, Egypt, 
Lebanon, Morocco  and Tunisia had joined in previous years. There is growing recognition of 
the relevance of the Malta Process for regi onal cooperation as a point of reference in 
deliberating and settling cross-fr ontier family law disputes.  
In the area of protection of personal data  Ukraine has not ratified the 1981 Convention for 
the Protection of Individuals with  regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data, while it 
has yet to be signed by Armenia 
and Azerbaijan . Armenia, Azerbaijan,  Georgia  and Moldova  
have not  signed or ratified the Convention’s Additio nal Protocol on supervisory authorities 
and trans-border data flows, while it remains to be ratified by Ukraine . Ratification of both 
instruments is essential to develop further c ooperation including in the judicial and police 
area as well as exchange of inform ation with EUROJUST and Europol.  
Regarding judicial reform , ENP partners continued in 2009 to adopt legislation to enhance 
the capacity and efficiency of the judiciary. E fforts to secure greater  judicial independence 
and impartiality faltered for the second year  in succession in several partner countries 
(Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine ). Morocco, Jordan  and the Palestinian 
Authority restated their commitment to reforms in this area. The situation remained 
substantially unchanged in Egypt, Lebanon and Tunisia . 
 
EN 9   EN Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and the occupied Palestinian territory  continued to implementing 
national programmes for the cont inuing training of judges, pros ecutors, court staff and other 
legal professionals. ENP partne rs continued efforts to simp lify of court administrative 
procedures, automate case management ( Egypt, Morocco, Moldova, occupied Palestinian 
territory and Ukraine ) and improve access to justice through provision of legal aid 
(Azerbaijan , Egypt  and Georgia ). An increase in judicial appointments was noted in Georgia  
and the occupied Palestinian territory  while increases in remuneration were registered in 
Armenia . A continued political commitment to compre hensive judicial reform is needed in all 
ENP partner countries in order to secure and enhance public and investor confidence in the 
impartial administration of justice.  
In 2009, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Egypt, Moldova, Morocco, and Ukraine made 
progress, albeit slow, on penitentiary reform . Some improvements were seen in detention 
conditions in prisons ( Azerbaijan ), better access by national a nd international observers 
(Egypt ) and changes to the policy manage ment structures for prisons ( Lebanon and 
Morocco ). Reform advanced in Jordan  with investment in in mate training and the 
development of a post-release care programme to prevent recidivism. In contrast, the 
situation did not subs tantially change in Tunisia.  
However, as stated in 2008, not  much has been done to addr ess overcrowding of prisons, 
particularly for remand prisone rs, ill-treatment and torture, abuse of detainees’ human rights 
and limitations on access to peniten tiary facilities for national and international observers. 
The use of parole and other alternatives to de tention and long-term incarceration needs to be 
actively explored.  
Dialogue in the field of juvenile justice continued with Georgia, Morocco  and Ukraine on 
the development of appropriate protection pol icies for child and young offenders in the 
context of a policy commitment to re form. Dialogue has commenced with Jordan and 
Lebanon.  Appropriate prevention and probation po licies need to be developed alongside 
structural investment in education and re habilitation activities in pre-detention and 
correctional facilities in order to prevent recidi vism and encourage the social re-integration of 
young offenders post-release. A rest orative juvenile justice system  that respects international 
standards1 can best be served by defining judicial guide lines to offset the tendency to resort to 
incarceration and custodial senten ces for juvenile offenders.  
All partner countries except Syria have completed ratification of the 2005 UN Convention 
against Corruption . In 2009, Israel  and Ukraine  ratified the Convention and Lebanon  
acceded to it. Algeria,  Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco , Moldova and Tunisia  
completed the Self-Assessment Checklist prov ided for under Resolu tion 1-2 of the First 
Conference of State Parties in Amman of December 2006 and submitted it to UNODC in time for the Third Conference of Stat e Parties in Qatar in November 2009
2. The checklists 
cover the following areas: prevention; criminalisation and law enforcement; international cooperation; and asset recovery for the period from December 2007 to August 2009. 
Signatories to the Convention are encouraged where possible, to make public the relevant 
                                                
 
1 1985 UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (Beijing Rules) and the 
1990 UN Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (Riyadh Guidelines)   
2 Algeria provided an update on its Self Assessment while Jordan submitted in 2007. A State submitting 
its self-assessment prior to the second Conference of State Parties in 2008 was considered by UNODC 
as a reporting State also for the third Conference of State Parties in 2009..  
 
EN 10   EN findings of the Self-Assessment in line with the Convention’s spirit and intent (Article 13 
Participation of Society).  
To complement their international obligations under the above Convention, Egypt  and 
Tunisia  have yet to sign the  2003 African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating 
Corruption.  
Cooperation with civil society in the implem entation of national anti-corruption plans 
remained critical in all partner countries in order to fight  corruption in bot h the public and 
private sectors.  
In 2009, Ukraine  ratified the Council of Europe’s Crim inal Law on Corruption as well as its 
2003 Additional Protocol aiming to protect judicial authorities from corruption . The protocol 
has yet to be signed by Azerbaijan  and Georgia .  
With regard to civil service and public administration reform , Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt 
Georgia, Jordan , Lebanon , Moldova, the occupied  Palestinian territory and Ukraine made 
gradual progress with strategies and plans to build a professiona l and accountable civil 
service. Among other things, work focuse d on promoting and securing agreement on 
concepts and draft laws for comprehensive reform as well as the implementation of selected pilot actions. During 2009, SIGMA provided assist ance in particular to develop legal 
frameworks. The pace of reform remained slow, however.  
Regional cooperation under the Euro-Mediterranean Justice Programme with the 
participation of all Mediterranean ENP partners including Algeria and Syria , continued in 
2009, covering access to justice and legal aid, the resolution of cross-border family conflicts 
and criminal and prison law. The programme aims to establish two regional networks of 
judges and other legal professi onals and judicial schools.  
All Mediterranean partners including Algeria  and Syria  participated actively in the EuroMed 
Police II  programme covering joint c ooperation activities and seminars for senior officers on 
specialised topics of practical police cooperation in all fields of organised crime, terrorism, 
drugs and weapons trafficking. In December 2009, Cepol organised a conference in Rome on 
perspectives for future cooperation with polic e education and training institutions in ENP 
countries, which was attended by representatives from Belarus, Georgia, Jordan, Moldova 
and Ukraine  as well as EU Member States and FRONTEX.  
Transport, energy, climate change, enviro nment, civil protection, research and 
innovation, information so ciety, audiovisual sector 
Transport
  
In the road sector , alignment with international sta ndards on road worthiness and driving 
times and rest periods is an ongoing process for most countries. Road maintenance and 
funding remained a challenge. Moldova  set up a road fund and there are plans to do so in 
Lebanon. Tunisia  and Morocco  continued to implement their comprehensive fleet renewal 
schemes. 
A comprehensive reform of the rail sector  is ongoing in a number of  countries. Some of the 
partners are also developing a nd upgrading their rail networks. Jordan and Syria  have 
ambitious plans for network development and extension, while Morocco  is pursuing plans to 
introduce high speed passenger trains.  
 
EN 11   EN In the aviation sector , negotiations on a Common Aviation Area Agreement have been 
launched with Georgia . The discussions with Ukraine  on such an agreement should be 
concluded in 2010. Negotiations on comprehens ive Euro-Mediterranean Area Agreements 
continued with Israel and should be finalised in 2010 with Jordan  and Lebanon . Most 
countries continued to implement a policy of gr adually introducing EU standards. All Eastern 
neighbouring countries have signed a working arrangement with the European Aviation 
Safety Agency to ensure con tinuation of pan-European safe ty coordination following the 
dissolution of the JAA (Joint Av iation Authorities). However, the need to strengthen civil 
aviation administrations and in particular sa fety oversight and the performance of carriers 
remains a priority.  
Several partner countries still need to step up efforts to implement maritime  safety standards, 
especially Georgia , which is still considered a high risk flag and remained on the black list of 
the Paris Memorandum of Unders tanding on port state control. Egypt, Lebanon  and Ukraine  
also remained on the black list. 
At regional/multilateral level  the Mediterranean partners remained very committed to 
implementing the 34 actions under the Regional Tr ansport Action Plan for the Mediterranean 
during 2007-2013 (RTAP) and the establishment of the future Trans Med iterranean Transport 
Network. The RTAP actions address the differe nt transport domains and target mainly 
regulatory (institutional) reform and infras tructure network pla nning and implementation. 
The framework for cooperation is the EuroMe d Transport Forum and its four working 
groups. The working groups, namely those on Infrastructure and Regulatory Issues, on 
Aviation, on GNSS and on Maritime Affairs, Po rts and Short Sea Shipping met in 2009. In 
November 2009 the aviation group adopted an ambitious road map towards establishing a 
Euro-Mediterranean Open Aviation Area. EC -funded technical support includes: Euro-
Mediterranean Regional Trans port II, Safemed, Motorways of the Sea-MEDAMOS, GNSS 
and the Euro-Mediterranean Aviation Project along with technical assistance and twinning 
programmes at bilateral level.  
Regional cooperation with Eastern partners progressed under TRACECA and was stepped up 
in the context of the Black Sea Synergy polic y. In particular, cooperation in the maritime 
field increased: firstly, in order to enhance maritime trade and port operations and establish 
Motorways of the Sea in the Black and Caspia n Seas; and, secondly, in order to augment 
maritime safety and security in the Black and Caspian Seas especially against the background 
of ever-increasing oil tanker traffic in both these seas. 
The revitalisation of the TRACECA Working Group and Technical Assistance Activities 
contributed to enhanced cooperation. In partic ular, cooperation in the maritime logistics and 
aviation sectors increased. TRACECA also cove rs the key issue of the safety of land 
transport operations, which is in creasingly becoming a priority in  most of the ENP countries.  
Energy   
In 2009, the EU and its ENP partners further strengthened energy cooperation and ENP 
partners progressed in their sector reform. 
Bilateral  cooperation with ENP partners generall y continued under the ENP Action Plans and 
the Energy Memoranda of Unde rstanding and Declarations ( Azerbaijan, Egypt, Jordan, 
Morocco and Ukraine). In September 2009, the EU- Ukraine  Summit endorsed the third 
progress report under the EU- Ukraine  Energy MoU. The European Commission and Belarus 
 
EN 12   EN signed a Declaration on energy coope ration. The European Commission and Belarus  
continued their energy dialogue. Exchanges with Algeria  continued, for example, in the 
energy subcommittee. In 2009, disc ussions with this country on the finalisation of an Energy 
MoU resumed. Energy relations with Libya  continued in partic ular through the ongoing 
negotiations towards an EU- Libya  framework agreement .  
At regional/multilateral  level, the EU and the Eastern partners launched cooperation under 
the Eastern Partnership  (EaP). The six Eastern partners participated in the first meetings 
(May and November 2009) of the EaP Platfo rm on Energy Security. The Platform will 
promote the implementation of mutual energy support and security mechanisms by initiating 
work on ‘Security of Supply Statements’. The Pl atform furthermore covers energy efficiency 
and renewable energy. The Covenant of Mayor s initiative was launched as part of the 
flagship initiative on ‘Regional Electricity  Markets, Improved Energy Efficiency and 
Increased use of Renewable Resources’. The ai m is to promote energy efficiency in EaP 
cities. An energy efficiency and environmenta l partnership for Eastern Europe was also 
launched and a pledging conference took place in Stockholm on 26 November 2009. The 
Platform will also promote the harmonisation of  partners’ energy policy and legislation with 
EU practice and the acquis. Support for infras tructure development, interconnection and 
diversification of supply is a further objective.  
The EU and the Eastern partners continued implementing the 2006 energy roadmap agreed 
by ministers under the ‘Baku initiative’ for EU-Black Sea/Caspian energy cooperation.  They 
continued cooperation in the areas  of market integration, regul atory convergence, networks, 
energy efficiency and renewable energy.  
The Mediterranean  ENP partners and the EU pursued im plementation of the priority action 
plan 2008-2013, decided by Euro-Mediterranean energy ministers. They continued work 
towards the longer-term objective of establis hing Euro-Mediterranean gas and electricity 
rings. Partners further worked on the Mediterra nean Solar Plan. Other areas of cooperation 
cover regulatory convergence, th e creation of a Maghreb elec tricity market and a Euro-
Mashraq natural gas market, energy efficiency, renewable energy and statistical matters. The 
EU and the Mediterranean partners continue d their cooperation through the Cairo-based 
Regional Centre for Renewable Energy and En ergy Efficiency for Middle East and North 
Africa countries, which is supported by the Eu ropean Commission, Denmark and Germany.  
The European Commission encourages Israel a nd the Palestinian Authority to fully re-
activate their trilateral coope ration including on the ‘Solar for Peace’ initiative and the 
establishment of a joint energy office. In 2009, an EU-funded study to support the ‘Solar for 
Peace’ project was completed.  
In 2009, ENP partners continued to implement their energy strategies  or progressed in 
preparing a new energy policy ( Egypt). Partners took further steps to increase the use of 
domestic resources such as hydrocarbons (Azerbaijan, Jordan and Tunisia) , renewable 
energy sources, uranium (Armenia, Egypt and Jordan) and oil shale ( Egypt, Jordan  and 
Morocco) .  
ENP partners continued with the construction, upgrading and developmen t of infrastructure 
including domestic and inte rnational energy networks.   
In March 2009, a joint EU- Ukraine  conference on the modernisation of the Ukraine ’s gas transit 
system was held in Brussels with the participat ion of the European Inve stment Bank (EIB), the 
 
EN 13   EN European Bank for Reconstructi on and Development (EBRD), and the World Bank. At the 
conference Ukraine submitted a master plan for th e modernisation of its gas transit system. In 
October 2009, Ukraine approved a Concept for the development, modernisation and re-
equipment of the gas transportation system during 2009-2015. 
The gas and oil export pipelines Baku-Tbilis i-Erzurum (Turkey) and Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan 
(Turkey) continued to bring Ca spian resources to the EU. Se veral (Eastern and Southern) 
ENP partners continued to support the developm ent of the Southern gas corridor including 
Nabucco and the trans-Caspian transportation project. In Ma y 2009 they attended the Prague 
Summit on the Southern Corridor. Azerbaijan  and Georgia participated in the ongoing EU 
study for a Caspian Development Corporation, th e central purpose of which is to aggregate 
gas demand in support of the Corridor’s development. In July 2009, energy companies from Azerbaijan , Georgia,  Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine  completed a study on the Euro-Asian 
Oil Transportation Corridor Project. Partners of the Arab gas pipeline continued work on the 
future connection of the pipe with the European Union. The gas pipeline between Armenia 
and Iran became operational. Work on an Egypt-Libya gas pipe continued.  Preparatory work 
for an Egypt-oPt (Gaza) gas interconnection was pursued. The construction of additional 
pipeline capacity between Italy  and Tunisia  progressed. Algeria  pursued the construction of a 
new gas interconnection with Spain (Medgaz) and the preparation of a link with Italy 
(GALSI). Algeria, Nigeria and Niger signed an agreement on the development of the Trans-
Saharan gas pipeline project, connecting Nigerian sources to  the Mediterranean region and 
the EU.  
Some ENP partners are de veloping plans to construct an LNG terminal (Georgia, Israel, 
Lebanon and Morocco) or a new (oil) refinery (Armenia, Georgia, Moldova and Tunisia) . 
In the electricity field, Moldova and Ukraine continued preparations to study the conditions 
under which they could jo in the interconnected el ectricity networks of  continental Europe 
(ENTSO-e, European Network of Transmissi on System Operators for Electricity, the 
successor of UCTE). Moldova completed the Gotesti-Falciu (Romania) link. Azerbaijan, 
Georgia and Turkey  continued the construction of additi onal electricity interconnections 
between their countries. Armenia  and  Georgia 
advanced their interconnection project. 
Armenia prepared the construction of an interconnection with Iran. In the Mediterranean area, 
the Lebanon-Syria electricity link was completed and the Algeria-Morocco link was 
reinforced. Egypt and Jordan developed plans to upgrade th e undersea cable  between the 
countries. Preparations progressed for additional electricity interconnections between the 
occupied Palestinian territory (Gaza and West Bank) and Egypt and Jordan  respectively. 
Morocco and Spain worked towards constructing a third link between their countries Tunisia 
pursued efforts to increase interconnection capacity with Algeria  and to construct an 
electricity interconnection with Italy .  
ENP partners took some steps towards convergence with the internal energy market  rules. In 
December 2009, the Energy Community mini sterial approved  the accession of Moldova and 
Ukraine  to the Energy Community Treaty. Accession will be effective subject to the gas laws 
of the countries complying with the EU acquis and subsequent ratification. Georgia 
continued to participate as observer in mee tings of the Energy Community. In December 
2009, Moldova adopted new gas and electricity laws. EN P partners pursued the restructuring 
of the gas and electricity sectors, prepared le gislation, strengthened regulators (or prepared 
for their establishment) and worked on the pr ogressive elimination of  price distortions.  
 
EN 14   EN ENP partners made some progre ss in improving energy efficiency  and strengthened plans to 
increase considerably the use of renewable energy sources  such as solar and wind 
(Azerbaijan, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestinian Authority and Tunisia). In 
October 2009, southern ENP part ners participated in the EU-Mediterranean-Gulf renewable 
energy conference, which promoted the use of renewable energy.  The Cairo-based Regional 
Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency for Middle East and North Africa, 
established with support from the EC, Denmark and Germany, had, in 2009, its first full year of operation. 
Armenia and Ukraine  further upgraded the safety of nuclear
 power plants and strengthened 
the nuclear regulatory authorities. Armenia  continued drafting a detailed decommissioning 
plan for the Medzamor Nuclear Power Plant and selected an engineering company to oversee 
the construction of a new nuclear plant. Ukraine  and the European Commission pursued their 
joint evaluation of th e nuclear safety of Ukraine ’s nuclear power plants, with the involvement 
of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Ukraine  implemented further projects at the 
Chornobyl site.  
Belarus, Egypt and Jordan took further steps towards prepar ing the construction of nuclear 
power plants. Jordan ratified the Convention on nuclear safety and acceded to the 
Convention on the Physical Prot ection of Nuclear Material. Azerbaijan confirmed its plan to 
build a nuclear research reactor.  Other ENP partners remain inte rested in developing nuclear 
power production ( Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Syria and Tunisia ). In 2009, the European 
Commission held a second expert mee ting on nuclear safety issues with Morocco. It is 
recalled that the ENP partners s hould ensure a high level of sa fety and security of nuclear 
installations and ensure that the research, de velopment and use of nuclear energy for peaceful 
purposes are carried out in compliance with th e Treaty on the Non-Pro liferation of Nuclear 
Weapons. 
The reporting period was marked by internatio nal discussions and negotiations on post-2012 
climate change  action as well as increased awarene ss-raising on climate issues. Partner 
countries made some progress in imple menting internatio nal climate change  commitments. 
Some partners submitted national communicat ions to the UN Framework Convention on 
Climate Change (Georgia, Jordan, Moldova and Ukraine), including greenhouse gas 
inventories,  vulnerability assessments and mitigation and adaptation measures. Several other 
partner countries are in the final stag es of preparing such communications.  2009 saw 
awareness raising and outreach events, for instance in Georgia  and Jordan . Many partners 
either took steps to prepare a national adaptation strategy (Egypt and Israel)  or drafted or 
adopted strategy documents and studies on adaptation, such as Georgia, Moldova and 
Morocco .  
The majority of partner countries continued to prepare investment projects to promote the use 
of the Kyoto Protocol’s Joint Implementati on and Clean Developmen t Mechanism. Some 
new projects were registered at UN level in Armenia, Georgia, Israel Morocco , and Ukraine , 
but the vast majority have still not yet been formally registered.  The European Commission 
continued to support th e partner countries in  implementing the Kyoto Protocol. Algeria, 
Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Moldova, Morocco, Tunisia and Ukraine  
associated themselves with the Copenhagen A ccord and in most cases provided information 
on the targets or actions that they will impl ement. The Commission will continue to call on 
partners that have not yet done so to asso ciate themselves with the Copenhagen Accord.  The 
EU remains fully committed to the UN negotiating process with a view to concluding a 
 
EN 15   EN robust and effective legally bindi ng international agreement. Th e EU is prepar ed to deepen 
dialogue and cooperation activities on climate change mitigation and adaptation. 
Progress in the field of environment  varied from country to country. Many of the ENP 
countries face various challenges that hamper the progress. The overall environment situation 
in the occupied Palestinian territory remained a major concern.  
Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Moldova and Morocco  took some steps to strengthen  the environment 
administration. However,  strengthened administrative and implementation capacity, coupled 
with enhanced  resources, is still required in partner countries at all levels, including co-
operation and  co-ordination between the different authorities. In the occupied Palestinian 
territory , the offices of the environmental and water authorities in Gaza remained closed in 
2009. 
Georgia has recently started to pay more attenti on to development of environment policy and 
legislation than it did a few years ago.  The Presidential programme in Tunisia  for 2009-2014 
announced several environment related objectives,  as did the 2009 Minister ial Declaration of 
the Government of Lebanon . Morocco launched the preparation of a new Charter for 
Environment and Sustainable Development, and many partner countries took steps to prepare 
(Georgia and Ukraine) or review and implement (Armenia,  Azerbaijan, Egypt,  Jordan, Israel 
and Tunisia ) their overall environment strategies and action plans.  
Some partner countries took steps to amend (Egypt), prepare (Armenia, Georgia and 
Moldova ) or review ( Jordan) environment framework legislation. Some progress can be 
noted in the adoption of issue-specific legislation and implementing legislation. Jordan 
adopted new legislation on monitoring and insp ections as well as on the environment fund. 
Implementing legislation was adopted on air quality and waste management in Morocco , on 
the protection of the Nile River and waterways in Egypt, on air quality, water and waste 
management and nature protection in  Armenia and on the re-organisatio n of the Ministry of 
Environment in Lebanon , setting out the mandate of its regional departments. However, 
implementation and enforcement of environmenta l legislation requires continued attention. 
Many countries continued prepar ing new legislation, including on environmental expertise in 
Armenia, water in Georgia, air quality in  Jordan , waste and water in Moldova , nature 
protection and integrated co astal zone management in Morocco , and protected marine and 
coastal areas in Tunisia . 
Some progress was noted in the adoption of sect or-specific strategies, programmes and plans, 
such as on water in Jordan , forestry in Ukraine , biodiversity in Morocco , water and 
wastewater in Egypt , and waste management in Tunisia . Ukraine and Moldova , together with 
the other Danube countries, adopted the first Danube river basin management plan. Israel 
took steps to prepare a packaging and pack aging waste policy The preparation of new 
strategy documents and plans con tinued, such as on integrated coastal zone management in 
Georgia  and Egypt,  waste management in Azerbaijan , Egypt and Jordan, chemicals in  
Armenia and air quality and water in Morocco . Overall, partner count ries took limited steps 
to integrate environment considera tions into other policy sectors. 
Egypt  and Jordan strengthened requirements for conducting environmental impact 
assessments (EIA) and Armenia  produced an implementation strategy on EIA. However, 
most partners still need to fully establish or strengthen procedures for EIA, in particular with regard to public partic ipation. State-of-the environment repo rts were published or finalised in 
Egypt, Jordan, Tunisia, and are under preparation in Georgia and Morocco . Most partner 
 
EN 16   EN countries took some steps to inform and invol ve the public on environment issues, but in 
general access to information and public participation require s further attention. 
Libya accepted the amendments to the Barcelona C onvention for the Protection of the Marine 
Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean. Otherwise overall progress 
remained limited in terms of ratifying and si gning international and regional environment 
conventions and protocols. Furthermore, im plementation of the many already ratified 
agreements remains a challenge in most cases. 
Partner countries participated actively in various re gional initiatives, such as the Danube-
Black Sea Task Force, the Hori zon 2020 Initiative and the prepar ation of a strategy for water 
in the Mediterranean (although the latter failed to get ap proval at the recent ministerial 
meeting of the Union for the Mediterranean). Pa rtner countries also continued to participate 
in activities under the EU Wa ter Initiative, including national policy dialogues in some 
countries. 
The Regional Environmental Centre for the Caucasus (REC) covering Armenia, Azerbaijan 
and Georgia, made good progress in 2009. It carried out  regional activitie s notably in the 
fields of information and public participati on, environmental policy and local environmental 
action plans, the protection and sustaina ble development of mountain regions.. REC Moldova 
continued its activities even if it is facing a number of challenges. Discussions continued 
between the European Commission and Ukraine  to re-establish the REC in Ukraine, but they 
stalled in December. The European Commis sion held a further technical environment 
meeting with Belarus in June. The first environment sub-committees with Algeria and the 
Palestinian Authority met. Environment sub-committees with Armenia  and Georgia  were 
established.  
ENP partners pursued the construction and upgrad ing of environment related infrastructure, 
including with the support of  EU financing instrument s such as the Neighbourhood 
Investment Facility (NIF), EU  Member States and Interna tional Financial Institutions. 
Investment projects should comply with the European Principles for the Environment3, a 
commitment of five signatory European-based  Multilateral Financi ng Institutions, which 
promote convergence with EU environment policy pr inciples and legislation and in particular 
that related to environmental assessmen t, industrial producti on, water and waste 
management, air and soil pollution, occupationa l health and safety, and the protection of 
nature, where these can be applied to specific projects. 
Many partners are showing a growing interest in EU experiences, and are ready to converge 
with key elements of the EU’s environm ent directives. Regulatory convergence should 
continue to be at the core of the ENP as well as cooperati on on environmental governance 
(including impact assessment, public acces s to environmental information, public 
participation in decision-making and public access to courts in environmental matters). In the 
context of the Europe 2020 strategy, the EU aims  to move towards an economy that is more 
resource-efficient and hence more sustainable,  an area where the EU and partners can 
beneficially cooperate. In add ition, stronger cooperation is ur gently needed on biodiversity 
conservation. 2010 is the UN's International Y ear of Biodiversity a nd global efforts to 
implement the Convention on Biological Diversity need to be significan tly stepped up. There 
                                                 
3 http://www.eib.org/infocentre/epe /declaration/index.htm?lang=en 
 
EN 17   EN is a need to raise awareness in partner coun tries of the economic benefits derived from 
ecosystem services and conversely, the costs of losing them. 
In the field of civil protection , the Community Civil Protection Mechanism was mobilised in 
November to assist Ukraine in the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic and in January to alleviate 
the consequences of the Ukraine /Russia gas crisis in Moldova , as already mentioned in last 
year’s report. The Eastern Partnership flagsh ip initiative on prevention on, preparedness of 
and response to man-made and natural hazar ds was launched in December. The Euro-
Mediterranean Programme on the Prevention, Pr eparedness and Response to Natural and 
Man-Made disasters entered a new phase. Both in itiatives aim to reinforce the level of civil 
protection and ensure institutio nal cooperation in order to i nvolve partner countries more 
closely with the European Civil Protection Mech anism and with EU activities and to promote 
cooperation among the partner countries, contribu ting to the development of an integrated 
approach to disaster management. Moldova  submitted a request to conclude a bilateral 
Administrative Arrangement w ith the relevant Commission se rvice in order to strengthen 
cooperation on emergencies as well as in the areas of disaster prevention and preparedness. 
As regards research and innovation , most ENP partner countries continued to increase their 
participation in the 7th Research Framew ork Programme (FP7). Countries who paid 
particular attention to building a st rong national contact points network, like Egypt, 
Morocco  , Ukraine  and Tunisia,  have reaped the benefits in  the form of increased success 
under the FP7. In contrast, the particip ation of a number of countries like Algeria, Armenia  
and Lebanon  remained below their potential. In 2009, Ukraine  formally expressed interest in 
discussing possible association with FP7; negotiations with Moldova on FP7 association are 
expected to begin shortly. Moldova  adopted a comprehensive action plan with a view to 
preparing its possible association with the FP7. Israel , the only ENP country already fully 
associated with the FP7 continued to perfor m at a high level. A Science and Technology 
Agreement between the EC and the Jordanian Government was signed in 2009 and another one with Algeria  is currently under preparation. Egypt and Syria  strengthened their 
cooperation with the Enterprise Europe Network. Morocco and Tunisia submitted an 
application to join this network. 
At regional/multilateral
 level, a call for proposals, ER A-WIDE, for all ENP countries to 
develop the research strategy of  their research centres, and to increase their cooperation 
capacity and networking with th eir counterparts in the EU Memb er States and FP7 associated 
countries was issued in July 2009. Participation in this call for proposals (74 submitted proposals) should improve the quality of research  activities and/or promising research centres 
under all FP7 thematic priorities. 
For the Mediterranean partner countries, a call was launched in July 2009 to enhance the 
activities of the ongoing INCO-NET MIRA
4 by targeting two addi tional specific issues: 
shaping a Euro-Mediterranean Innovation Space and supporting the scientific component of 
the H2020 initiative5. The Euro-Mediterranean Ministeria l Conference on Research has been 
prepared for April 2010. 
In January 2010, Egypt  hosted in Cairo, in the frame of  the Union for the Mediterranean, 
the 'Euromed Innovation Marketplace'. This event offered a platform for researchers, 
                                                 
4 Mediterranean Innovation and Research Action  
5 The Horizon 2020 initiative aims to tackle the top sources of Mediterranean pollution by the year 2020  
 
EN 18   EN scientists, business people, inventors and policy makers from Mediterranean and EU 
countries to meet, network and further devel op projects, business ideas and partnerships. 
Armenia , Azerbaijan, Georgia , Moldova and Ukraine  continued to participate actively in the 
International S&T Cooperation Network for Ea stern European and Central Asian countries 
(FP7 IncoNet EECA project). This aims to support EU-EECA policy dialogue on science and 
technology and to increase EECA participation in FP7. As part of this project, the Moldovan 
Academy of Sciences hosted a workshop on hu man genomics and related issues, in April 
2009 in Chi şinău. The results of this workshop were submitted to the European Commission 
as input for the definition of  potential research topics for future FP7 work programmes. 
In October 2009, the Kyiv State Centre for Sc ientific, Technical a nd Economic Information, 
the national information point, organised a work shop in Kyiv on sustainable surface transport 
for the FP7 IncoNet EECA project. This even t brought together stakeholders from the 
scientific communities of both EECA and EU Member States with the aim of identifying research topics of mutual interest in th e field of transport. Participants provided 
recommendations as input for the definition of pot ential research topics, for future FP7 work 
programmes, identifying rail and road transport in frastructure and freight as priority areas of 
common interest. 
As regards regulatory approximation in the Information Society  sector, most partner 
countries continued to complete their legi slation and rules progressively, based on the 
principles of the EU framewor k. However, much remains to be done to establish a level 
playing field for new market players, in cluding the imposition of appropriate access 
obligations to open up the markets to effec tive competition. Fixed telephony and wholesale 
access to the network infrastructure are still a de facto monopoly in several ENP countries. 
However, in Israel, Morocco  and Moldova  and, to a certain extent, in Egypt,  the market 
became more open. Except for Azerbaijan, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territory  and 
Syria, partner countries have establ ished independent regulatory authorities. There is a need 
to continue to strengthen administrative capacity or independence in many countries, in 
particular in Armenia, Algeria, Georgia  and Lebanon . A majority of countries have granted 
3G licenses by now. Most partner countries  continued to implement comprehensive 
information society policies aiming to bridge the digital divide an d promote the use and 
spread of ICT applica tions and services.  
At regional/multilateral level,
 the second phase of EUMEDCON NECT was launched in order 
to ensure the continued conn ectivity of the Mediterranea n research networks among 
themselves and with the European Union. Its core is a high-capacity IP-based data-communications network serving the research and education communities in seven countries 
across the southern Mediterranea n, enabling them to participate in collaborative projects. A 
major meeting to monitor EUMEDCONNECT II took place in Rabat in October 2009. In 
April, the Euro-Mediterranean Group of Europ ean Regulators (EMERG) held a contact group 
meeting in Brussels. A workshop on market analys is was organised in Ma lta as part of NATP 
II (New Approaches to Telecomm unications Policy). The third phase of this NATP started in 
October 2009, and in December 2009 par ticipating countries met in Amman ( Jordan ) to plan 
future activities. Under the Eastern Partners hip, similar events are planned for Eastern 
regulators in the field of electronic communications. In March 2009, the Black Sea 
Interconnection (BSI) project, the largest research networ k project in the region, was 
implemented providing a boost to research inte rnet capacity in the ar ea. BSI provided the 
basis for closer cooperation in the region and additional joint actions in the area of 
 
EN 19   EN seismology and scientific resource sharing. The en tire BSI initiative is  regarded as a role 
model, and a similar initiative is  being prepared for Central Asia. 
Partner countries made limited progress in the audiovisual  sector. Many Mediterranean 
partners still need to set up agencies or stre ngthen their administrative capacities. Eastern 
partner countries made limited progress in adopting the conventions in this sector. Ukraine  
ratified the European Convention on Transfrontier Television in March 2009. 
Human capital and public health 
Education and training 
Higher Education The Bologna Process
 continued to act as the main policy reference framework for the reform 
of higher education in partner countries6. They advanced on national regulatory frameworks, 
accreditation structures, curricula modernisation and quality enhancement and monitoring. Most ENP partners pursued wo rk on the development of nati onal university standards and 
accreditation procedures. Certain ENP partners , in particular the Bologna Declaration 
signatories Armenia , Azerbaijan Georgia, Moldova  and Ukraine , have undertaken to 
introduce the three cycle structure (Bachel ors, Masters, Doctorate) by 2010 for the 
establishment of a European Higher Education Area. Georgia, Moldova  and Tunisia 
implemented Bologna Process Diploma Supplements, whereas they are being introduced in 
Armenia, Azerbaijan  and Ukraine . Their use has been compulsory in Algeria  since academic 
year 2009-10. Other ENP partner countries are considering adopting these supplements or 
similar national supplements to improve the tr ansparency of higher e ducation qualifications. 
Greater reference was made to the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) in discussions on academic credit transfer and recognition of qualifications. 
The Bologna Declaration of June 1999 was renewe d for a further ten year s at the Ministerial 
Conference in Louvain-La-Neuve in April 200 9. Employability, access, lifelong learning, 
student mobility and international cooperation now figure as new priorities alongside earlier 
priorities of adoption of the three-cycle st ructure, quality assu rance, recognition of 
qualifications and supporting mobility. Egypt, Israel,  Morocco and Tunisia  were invited to 
the first meeting of the Bologna Policy Forum
 with third countries under the Ministerial 
Conference, following a decision to develop an ‘e xternal dimension’ to the Bologna Process.  
A second phase of Erasmus Mundus , adopted in December 2008 aims to promote European 
higher education and improve an d enhance the future career and employment prospects of 
students. In addition, it acts to promote inte rcultural understanding through cooperation with 
third countries and to increase mobility fl ows between these countries and the EU. The 
incorporation of joint doctora l programmes and the integrat ion of the former Erasmus 
Mundus External Cooperation Window (EMECW) directly witin the programme under the 
                                                 
6 Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Uk raine joined the Bologna Declaration in 2005. 
Southern ENP partners adopted a declaration calli ng for the establishment of a Euro-Mediterranean 
Higher Education Area at the First Euro-Mediterra nean Ministerial Conferen ce on Higher Education 
and Scientific Research in Cairo in June 2007. The Bologna Declaration of June 1999, signed by 29 
European Ministers of Higher Edu cation, foresees the establishment of a European Higher Education 
Area by 2010. The Bologna Process aims to put in  motion the reforms necessary for its creation, 
namely: the introduction of a three-cycle system (bachelor/master/doctorate), quality assurance and 
mobility and recognition of qualifications and periods of study.  
 
EN 20   EN new Action 2 (Partnerships) were the main changes of direct interest to ENP partner 
countries. 
A total of 108 students and 41 scholars from ENP partner countries were awarded Erasmus 
Mundus Masters Course  scholarships under the new Action 1 of Erasmus Mundus in 2009. In 
addition, student and academic mob ility is to receive an  additional boost in the academic year 
2009-2010 under the new Action 2 (Partnerships)  of Erasmus Mundus. Mobility flows 
between ENP partner countries and the EU totalled 1013 for the academic year 2008-9, 
including 899 students and academics from ENP partner countries. This testifies to the 
relevance of Erasmus Mundus in supporting higher education reform and international 
mobility. 
As from 2009, higher education institutions fr om ENP and other third countries can now 
participate in Erasmus Mundus Master Co urses (EMMC) and Erasmus Mundus Joint 
Doctorates (EMJD) as full partners from the outset under Action 2 of Erasmus Mundus. 
Under the Jean Monnet Programme , only one new Jean Monne t Chair was awarded in 
Georgia and Ukraine  in 2009 and one Jean Monnet Information and Research Action in 
Ukraine.  Considering the close geographical proxim ity of ENP partners to the EU and the 
common interest in pursuing international cooperation the Europ ean Commission would 
welcome the closer involve ment of ENP partners.  
The Tempus  programme continued to support highe r education reform in ENP partner 
countries by promoting voluntary convergence w ith EU developments including the Bologna 
Process. The second call for proposals under Tempus IV  had an increasing response from 
ENP partners. The ENPI region countries (E NP and the Russian Federation) showed 
increased interest in multi-count ry and inter-regional projects. A total of 28 projects from 
ENP countries were selected under the call, plus a further 14 for the Russian Federation.  
Regarding quality enhancement in higher educati on, ENP partners are enc ouraged to refer to 
the European Standards and Guidelines for Qu ality Assurance in Higher Education (ESG). 
Where applicable, partners are also encouraged to join the European Association for Quality 
Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA) as fu ll or associate members and to join the 
European Quality Assurance Register (E QUAR) as government members. Work on the 
development of national quality assurance authorities is ongoing in many ENP partner 
countries. To date, independent , single-agency authorities have been established in Armenia , 
Georgia  and Jordan . As before, ENP partners are encour aged to facilitate greater student 
participation in decision-making processes within universities and higher education 
institutions and to develop effective measur es to combat corruption. The academic quality 
and relevance of taught programmes including those developed through cooperation under 
Tempus will be enhanced if so cial dialogue in higher educati on is vigorously pursued with 
enterprises.  
Vocational Education and Training  
ENP partners further progressed in the reform  of vocational education and training. They 
implemented national reform strategies, pr edicated on the gradua l introduction of new 
competence-based training standards and the development of parallel quality monitoring mechanisms. ENP partners contin ued to give attention to th e introduction of a life-long 
learning  perspective and more integrated and c oherent vocational education and training 
provision. Work continued, on the desi gn of national qualif ication frameworks  in line with or 
 
EN 21   EN modelled on the European Qualif ications Framework (EQF) in Algeria,  Armenia , Egypt, 
Georgia, Jordan, Moldova , Morocco, Syria  and Ukraine and began  in Lebanon. The process 
requires the support of all relevant  public authorities and national stakeholders to ensure that 
the frameworks correspond to na tional education and training requirements. ENP partners 
continued to face significant challenges as regard s the development of training to meet future 
skills needs. Efforts need to be intensified to ensure the financial viability of reforms and to establish effective mechanisms of social dialogue
 so as to ensure the labour-market relevance  
of training provision. In this respect, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Moldova  and Ukraine 
continued work on social dialogue with EC fina ncial assistance and the technical support of 
the European Training Foundation (ETF).   
In January 2010, the European Training F oundation launched the Torino Process  for a 
participatory review of progress in vocationa l education and training policy in ENP partner 
countries, the Russian Federati on, Western Balkans, Turkey a nd Central Asia. The objective 
of the Torino Process is to provide a concise,  documented analysis of vocational education 
and training reform in each country in orde r to improve the contribution of vocational 
education and training to sustainable developm ent, competitiveness and social cohesion. In 
the medium to long-term, the Torino Proce ss aims to become a guided self-assessment 
exercise for reform monitoring in partner coun tries, sustaining a ‘ policy-learning’ approach7. 
In 2009, the European Training Foundation comp leted the Black Sea Labour Market Review  
project and published analytical country  reports on the labour markets of Armenia, Georgia, 
Moldova  and Ukraine , in the context of human capital deve lopment. As part of the Black Sea 
Synergy  Initiative, the project aims to report on hu man capital development issues in the six 
countries of the Black Sea Region. Country reports on Azerbaijan and Belarus  remain to be 
completed. In addition, the European Training Foundation in volved a number of Me diterranean partners 
in a pilot exercise of peer-to peer learning in  the area of entrepreneurial learning in higher 
education. 
Youth  
ENP partners continued to promote youth  exchanges and informal e ducation with a view to 
enhancing understanding and inte rcultural dialogue and improvi ng the social integration of 
young people. However, the formulation and deve lopment of coherent national youth policies 
remained weak and often uncoordinated between concerned states agencies. The integration 
of youth needs into wider reform plans in areas such as health, social welfare, justice and 
employment remained an important policy challenge.  
Increased levels of participation were regist ered for voluntary servic e actions under Youth in 
Action  in partner countries as compared to 2008 (see Annex). Youth exchanges between the 
Mediterranean ENP partners, including volunt ary service actions and youth policy support 
actions were facilitated under the Euro Mediterranean Youth III  Programme, which ended in 
2009. In July 2009, the programme finan ced ten national y outh studies in Algeria, Egypt, 
Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, the occupied  Palestinian territo ry, Syria, Tunisia  and 
Turkey. They identified legislation or natio nal strategies addressing youth needs and the 
provision of non-formal education and youth work. The studies focused on young people’s 
                                                 
7 The Torino Process will build on various and complementary quantitative and qualitative evidence 
such as statistical data and indicators, good pr actice, qualitative assessments drawing upon existing 
national and international studies and reports on an inclusive, multi-stakeholder basis. 
 
EN 22   EN rights and entitlements as active citizens,  the challenges faced by young people in 
employment, housing and the generational/cult ural conflict and governmental and non-
governmental responses in terms of the provis ion of non-formal education and leisure time 
activities8. They demonstrated that non-formal e ducation has a limited policy priority, with 
most resources and attention being devoted to formal education provis ion. All ENP partners 
concerned have confirmed their interest in pursuing and enhancing similar cooperation under 
the Euro Mediterranean Youth IV  programme which will st art in 2010. Visa problems 
continue to act as obstacles to the furthe r development of youth exchanges and voluntary 
service actions in particular for disadvanta ged young people across all partner countries.  
Culture 
All partner countries, except  Israel, Lebanon and Morocco , have ratified the 2005 UNESCO 
Convention  on the Protection and Promotion of th e Diversity of Cultural Expressions9. 
Implementation of the convention remained key for enhancing cultural cooperation and 
advancing policy dialogue. 
Relevant Ministries and state agencies remained  reticent to engage w ith independent cultural 
actors and to encourage free association and e xpression and the free circulation of cultural 
works and artists. Policy attention and resour ces are mostly devoted to cultural heritage 
rehabilitation and awareness actions at th e expense of engagement with contemporary 
cultural expression and action. In addition, m onopolistic attitudes towards definitions of 
cultural activity as well as l ack of transparency in the allocation of public funding act 
continued to hinder the development of  future inclusive cultural policies.  
In order to complement the Kyiv Initiative  and to enhance policy di alogue on culture in the 
context of the Eastern Partnership , relevant Eastern partners should expedite the signature 
and ratification of the 2000 European Landscap e Convention and the 200 5 Council of Europe 
Framework Convention on the Value of  Cultural Heritage for Society.  
In 2009, a Special Action for ENP countries  that have ratified the 2005 UNESCO Convention 
(Armenia , Belarus , Egypt , Georgia , Jordan , Moldova , occupied Palestinian territory and 
Tunisia ) was launched under the Culture Programme  (Strand 1.3, Cooperation Projects with 
Third Countries). These ENP partners were c onsidered eligible as they have concluded 
Association or Partnership and Cooperation Agreements with th e EU which include a cultural 
clause. A total of 41 applications were re ceived involving 73 partners from cultural 
organisations in the eight eligible ENP count ries. The themes covered: cultural heritage; 
visual arts; performing arts; lit erature, books and reading; arch itecture, design and the applied 
arts; multi-media and new technologies; and interdisciplinary activities.  
In 2009, the Euro-Med Heritage IV  programme was launched to en courage the appropriation 
of cultural heritage by local populations and im prove access to knowledge of cultural heritage 
across the Mediterranean. Twelve  projects were selected c overing a diversity of themes, 
including the preservati on of written heritage, promotion of intangible cultural heritage, 
youth outreach and engagement in culture, a nd the management of water heritage.  
                                                 
8 Studies on Youth in Meda Countries: http://www.euromedyouth.net/studies-on-youth-policies-in-
meda,027 . The 10 national studies were summarised in a regional overview “Introducing Youth 
Policies in the Mediterranean Partner Countries” 
9 Ukraine ratified the Convention in January 2010. The occupied Palestinian territory is not in a position 
to ratify the Convention 
 
EN 23   EN In February 2009, the Anna Lindh Euro-Mediterranean Foundation  launched the ‘Restore 
Trust-Rebuild Bridges’ Initiative in coope ration with the Alliance of Civilizations  as a means 
to promote conciliation, dial ogue and confidence-bui lding between peoples in the Middle 
East following the events of December 2008. Its wi der objective is to he lp restore trust in 
social, political and cultural dialogue as the only effective means to solve tensions and 
conflicts in the Euro-Mediterranean space. In 2009, the Foundation continued its 
development of an Arab Childre n’s Literature programme in Egypt, Jordan , Lebanon, the 
occupied Palestinian territory  and Syria  with Swedish bi-lateral assistance. The programme 
aims to encourage children’s literature and re ading as a means to develop the child’s core 
social competences and life skills. The focu s is on improving book quality and integrating 
pleasure reading into school curricula in coope ration with teachers, libraries, the publishing 
industry, universities and releva nt Ministries. The Foundation’s other strategic activities in 
2009 focused on intercultural education; cult ural production; media and intercultural 
dialogue; ideas and ideol ogies; religion, spiritua lity and values and cities and diversity.  
In 2009, the CIUDAD  programme (Cooperation in Inter-Urban Development and Dialogue) 
was launched, following up inter-r egional action under Med-Pact10 and the TACIS Cities 
Award Scheme (TCAS)11. CIUDAD promotes cooperation  between local and regional 
governments in capacity building for improved g overnance in sustainable urban development 
and planning. It complements cross-border cooperation and strengthens cooperation in 
governance and sustainable development between local and regional authorities  on an inter-
regional basis. Twenty-one intr a- and inter-regional (East-S outh) projects were selected 
involving partnerships from all ENP countri es and the Russian Federation. They cover 
energy, the environment, economic and social  cohesion and urban planning as well as 
enhancing the role and input  of civil society in decision-making processes.  
Concerning Cross-Border Cooperation  (CBC), thirteen of the planned fifteen CBC 
programmes under the ENPI are being im plemented. Two CBC programmes (Spain- Morocco  
and the CBC Atlantic Programme) remain to be  finalised. The majority of the calls for 
proposals to implement the CBC programmes were  launched in 2009 and the selection of the 
projects is ongoing. Financing Agreements (FAs ) to regulate financial flows between the EC 
and third countries were signed wi th most partners, except with Morocco  and Azerbaijan . 
The Russian Federation joined five programme s to which it contributed more than € 100 
million.  
In the area of health , ENP partners continued their longer- term efforts to reform the sector. 
Key issues include better primary health care, increased efficiency, financial sustainability, 
and enhanced accessibility to health services including for the most vulnerable. In 2009, the 
ENP partners, like the EU, took measures to co mbat influenza A (H1N1). Measures included 
enhanced surveillance, additio nal budget allocations, quarantin e, vaccination, and awareness 
campaigns. In the case of Ukraine, the EU provided assistance to  combat influenza A (H1N1) 
through the Civil Protection Mechanism and bila teral assistance. The European Centre for 
Disease Prevention and Control, in close coop eration with WHO, al so provided support to 
Ukraine . In June 2009, in view of the Influenza A (H1N1) epidemic, the European 
Commission proposed to several ENP partners to establish communication channels for the 
exchange of epidemiological information in the event of health crises. Such channels have 
effectively been established with Jordan and Moldova. Both non-communicable and 
                                                 
10 http://www.med-pact.eu  
11 http://www.tcas.rec.org  
 
EN 24   EN communicable diseases continue to be major public health challenge s in the neighbourhood. 
In the Eastern neighbourhood, combating HIV/AI DS and, to some extent, tuberculosis 
remain public health c oncerns. In February 2009, Ukraine adopted a new HIV/AIDS 
programme for 2009-2013. The European Commission invited, also in 2009, Belarus , 
Moldova  and Ukraine  to its HIV/AIDS Think Tank. In its dialogue and cooperation with 
ENP partners, the EU pursued the promotion of implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)
12 and the International Health Regulations13. In 
February 2009, Moldova acceded to the FCTC. In October 2009, the European Commission 
invited the ENP partners to join the newly es tablished, annual, enlarged health information 
committee, in which the Member States, EFTA countries and (potential) candidate countries 
also participate. The EU and the Mediterranean ENP partners continued their cooperation in 
the EpiSouth Network for Communicable Dis eases Control in Southern Europe and the 
Mediterranean. Within the HIV/AIDS Think Tank and the above-mentioned networks, the 
EU, the ENP partners, the ECDC and the Worl d Health Organisation (WHO) sustained their 
interaction on health policy issues.  
Operational aspects 
In 2009, TAIEX14 remained a valuable support instrument for advancing transition and 
reform. It provided ENP partners advice and te chnical assistance to su pport their efforts to 
converge with European practices  and standards in a wide range of policies. The European 
Commission ensured the consiste ncy of TAIEX events with c ountry-specific sectoral policy 
dialogue. The attached table a nd charts (Annex) reflect the extent to which ENP partner 
countries have made use of this instrume nt in the period up to 31 December 2009. The 
European Commission has also included them in multi-country TAIEX events on topics of 
common interest. A 36% increase in applications was regist ered in 2009 compared with 
2008.  
ENP partners continued to benefit from the twinning15 instrument under the European 
Neighbourhood and Partnership In strument. The long-term twinning of experienced EU 
Member State officials with thei r peers in an ENP pa rtner country contributed to reforms and 
to the transfer of EU legislative, re gulatory and institutional experience.  
By the end of 2009, 114 twinning covenants had been establis hed while 110 covenants were 
still being prepared and under negotiation with 12 ENP partner countries. These 224 twinning 
projects are well spread between ENP partner countries and across a wi de range of sector 
policies (see Annex). 
SIGMA continued to work with Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Egypt, Jordan, Moldova, 
Morocco, Tunisia and Ukraine . It supports governance and pub lic administration reforms in 
areas such as administrative law and administra tive justice, public expenditure management, 
internal and external  audit, public procurement, civi l service reform and regulatory 
management. As a joint initiative of the OE CD and the European Union, SIGMA assisted 
national reform teams of ENP partners by providi ng ‘peer practitioner’ expertise in the form 
of either OECD staff or public servants fr om within Member State administrations. It 
                                                 
12 WHO FCTC: http://www.who.int/tobacco /framework/WHO_FCTC_english.pdf 
13 http://www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pd f_files/WHA58/WHA58_3-en.pdf 
14 TAIEX provides short-term technical assist ance and advice on convergence with EU legisl ation, best practices and standards and  
on related administrative capacity needs, technical training and p eer assistance, as well as a da ta base and information networ k 
that facilitates the monitoring of approximation measures, see also : http://taiex.ec.europa.eu  
15 http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/index_en.htm  
 
EN 25   EN engaged in a total of 54 refo rm support activities in all ENP countries in 2009, principally in 
the areas of financial control and external au dit, public procurement and the legal framework 
for the public administration (see Annex). 
EU programmes and  EU agencies  
During 2009, the European Commission further promoted, under certain conditions, the 
extension of the possibility for ENP partners to participate in  EU programmes and  EU 
agencies16. Such participation can help ENP pa rtner countries to strengthen their 
administrative and regulatory capacities in a rang e of policy fields. ENP partners are eligible 
to participate or to cooperate in  a wide range of EU programmes17. The Protocol concluded 
with Israel in 200818 to enable it to participate in EU programmes still awaits the consent of 
the European Parliament before its  formal conclusion. To date, it  remains provisionally 
applicable. In 2009, negotiations on a si milar protocol were concluded with Moldova while 
those with Morocco and Ukraine  continued. With regard to participation in the work of EU 
agencies , preliminary technical cooper ation on food safety, in the fo rm of a seminar, started 
between EFSA  (European Food Safety Authority) a nd ENP partners. Technical cooperation 
arrangements on aviation safety  have been approved between EASA  (European Aviation 
Safety Agency) and Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgi a, Israel, Moldova, Morocco  and Ukraine . 
Technical cooperation arrangements with FRONTEX  are in force with Georgia, Moldova  
and Ukraine  while they remain under discussion with Egypt  and Morocco . Formal contacts 
have also been es tablished between EUROJUST  and Egypt, Israel , Moldova  and Ukraine . 
An information seminar on participation in EU  programmes and EU agencies took place in 
December in the occupied Palestinian territory . 
Neighbourhood Investment Facility  
In 2009 the Neighbourhood Investment Facility (NIF)  entered its second year of operation. 
It provides grant support to lending operations by the EIB, the EBRD, and other European 
finance institutions in support of proj ects in the European Neighbourhood region.  
The NIF was established to pursue three objectives:  (1) Establishing better energy a nd transport infrastructure interconnections between the 
EU and neighbouring countries and am ong neighbouring countries themselves; 
(2) Addressing threats to our common en vironment including climate change; 
(3) Promoting equitable socio-economic deve lopment and job creation through support 
for small and medium-sized enterprise and the social sector. 
In order to accomplish these objectives th e NIF uses a broad range of measures, 
encompassing  co-financing through direct gr ants, loan guarantees, inte rest rate subsidies, and 
technical assistance for projec t preparation a nd supervision. 
                                                
 
16 COM (2006) 724 of 4 December 2006, see “Oth er relevant Commission Documents” at 
http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/documents_en.htm  
17 For a full list of these programmes, see “O ther relevant Commission Documents” at 
http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/documents_en.htm  
18 Official Journal L129 of 17/05/2008, pp 39-43  
 
EN 26   EN The EC budget grant contribution amounted to € 185 million in 2007-0919. This was 
complemented by Member State grant funding contribution to the ‘NIF Trust Fund’, worth approximately € 47 million (see Annex for an ov erview of the Member State pledges in 2008 
and 2009).  
In its second year of operations, 13 project s were approved (15 projects in 2008). These 
projects received a total fi nancing of € 104,7 million from th e NIF (an increase of 46% 
compared with € 71,3 million in 2008), and cont ributed to leverage loans from European 
Finance Institutions amounting to € 4,76 billion (a threefold increase compared with the 2008 level of € 1,65 bn).   
Through financing these large projects, the NIF supports the reform prio rities agreed with 
ENP partner countries and contribut es to the investment necessary  to further integrate the EU 
and its neighbours. The full list of projects approved in 2009 and an overview of the distribution of NIF contributi ons per country, sector and obj ective are presented in the 
Annex.  
                                                
 
19 For the 2007-2013 peri od, the European Commission has earma rked a total amount of € 700 million 
for the NIF 
 
EN 27   EN Overview of Annexes  
(1) Governance related indicators for EN P partner countries: 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009 
(2) Tables of international human rights’ conventions binding ENP partner countries 
(3) Main macroeconomic indicators of ENP partner countries 
(4) Tables on mobility under Youth in Actions, Erasmus Mundus, TEMPUS IV 
(5) Tables of TAIEX events w ith ENP partner countries 
(6) Tables on SIGMA 
(7) Tables on twinning projects with ENP partner countries 
(8) Neighbourhood Investment Facility projects  
 
EN 28   EN Governance / Freedom of the Press / Human Rights & Fundamental Freedoms  
 GOVERNANCE FREEDOM OF PRESS HUMAN RIGHTS & FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOM 
 Transparency 
International 
CORRUPTION 
PERCEPTION INDEX World Bank 
REGULATORY 
QUALITY Reporters Without 
Borders WORLWIDE 
PRESS FREEDOM INDEX World Bank 
VOICE AND 
ACCOUNTABILITYFreedom House 
POLITICAL RIGHTS Freedom House CIVIL 
LIBERTIES 
  2006 2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2009 
Armenia 2.9 3 2.9 2.7 59 60. 2 61.8 25.5 23.63 22.75 31.13 26.9 30.3 28.8 5 5 5 6 4 4 4 4 
Azerbaijan 2.4 2.1 1.9 2.3 34. 1 2.1 42.5 47 55.4 53. 63 53.5 14.9 14.9 13.5 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 
Egypt 2.8 3.4 2.8 2.8 35. 1 3.4 49.03 46.25 58 50. 25 51.38 17.8 11.5 14.4 6 7 6 6 5 6 5 5 
Georgia 2.8 3.4 3.9 4.1 44. 4 58.7 68.8 21 20.83 31. 25 18.83 44.7 42.3 40.4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 
Israel 5.9 6.1 6 6.1 78 82.5 86 12 13.25 8.83 23.75 70.2 69.7 68.3 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 
Jordan 5.3 4.7 5.1 5 62.9 62.1 62.8 27.5 40.21 36 31.88 28.8 27.4 26.9 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 5 
Lebanon 3.6 3 3 2.5 51.7 47.6 48. 3 27 28.75 14 15.42 31.3 34.1 35.6 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 
Moldova 3.2 2.8 2.9 3.3 41. 5 42.7 47.8 19.17 24.75 21.38 33.75 32.7 36.5 38. 9 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 
Morocco 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.3 47. 9 51 52.7 24.83 33.25 32. 25 41 28.4 29.3 27.9 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 
occupied 
Palestinian territory 
        11.7     47 32 51.25 69.83 25     5 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 
Tunisia  4.6 4.2 4.4 4.2 58 56.8 55.6 53.75 57 48.1 61. 5 19.9 13 11.5 6 6 7 7 5 5 5 5 
Ukraine 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.2 32. 7 36.4 39.1 26.5 26.75 19.25 22,00 45.7 45.2 47. 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 
 
 
EN 29   EN State of Ratification / Signature of  selected Human Rights Conventions  
Source: http://treaties.un.org/  
State of 
ratification/ 
signature of 
major HR 
conventions 
* ICCPR 
International 
Covenant on 
Civil and 
Political Rights 
OP1 
OP2 ICESCR 
International 
Covenant on 
Economic, 
Social and 
Cultural Rights 
OP CEDAW 
Convention on 
the Elimination 
of All Forms of 
Discrimination 
against Women  
OP CAT 
Convention 
against Torture 
OP  
Right to 
Individual 
Complaint 
(Art.22) CRC 
Convention on 
the Rights of the 
Child  
OP AC  
OP SC 
ARMENIA ICCPR 
23/06/1993 
 
OP1 - 23/06/1993 
 
OP2 - NO  13/09/1993 
OP – 29/09/2009 CEDAW 
13/09/1993  
 
OP - 16/09/2006 CAT 13/09/1993 
 
OP 14/09/2006 
Art. 22 - NO  CRC 23/06/1993
 
OP-AC - 
30/09/2005 
 
OP-SC - 
30/06/2005 
AZERBAIJAN ICCPR 
13/08/1992 
 
OP1 - 27/11/2001 
 
OP2 - 22/01/1999 13/08/1992 
OP-25/09/2009 CEDAW 
10/07/1995 
 
OP - 1/06/2001 CAT 16/08/1996 
 
OP 15/09/2005 
Art. 22 4/02/2002 CRC 13/08/1992
 
OP-AC - 
3/07/2002 
 
OP-SC - 
3/07/2002 
EGYPT ICCPR 
14/01/1982 
 
OP1 - NO 
 
OP2 - NO  14/01/1982 
 
OP - NO CEDAW 
18/09/1981 R 
 
OP - NO  CAT 25/06/1986 
 
OP - NO  
Art. 22 - NO  CRC 6/07/1990 R
 
OP-AC - 
6/02/2007 
 
OP-SC - 
12/07/2002 
GEORGIA ICCPR 3/05/1994 
 
OP1 - 3/05/1994 
 
OP2 - 22/03/1999 3/05/1994 
OP - NO CEDAW 
26/10/1994  
 
OP - 30/07/2002 CAT 26/10/1994 
 
OP - 9/08/2005  
Art. 22 
30/06/2005 CRC 2/06/1994 
 
OP-AC - NO 
 
OP-SC - 
28/06/2005 
ISRAEL ICCPR 
3/10/1991  
 
OP1 - NO 
 
OP2 - NO  3/10/1991  
 
OP - NO CEDAW 
3/10/1991 R 
 
OP - NO  CAT 3/10/1991 R 
 
OP - NO  
Art. 22 - NO  CRC 3/10/1991 
 
OP-AC - 
18/07/2005 
 
OP-SC - 
23/07/2008 
JORDAN 28/05/1975 
 
OP1 - NO 
 
OP2 - NO  28/05/1975 
 
OP - NO CEDAW 
1/07/1992 R 
 
OP - NO  CAT 13/11/1991 
 
OP – NO  
Art. 22 - NO  CRC 24/05/1991 
R 
 
OP-AC - 
23/05/2007 
 
OP-SC - 
4/12/2006 
 
EN 30   EN LEBANON 3/11/1972  
 
OP1 - NO 
 
OP2 - NO  3/11/1972 
 
OP - NO CEDAW 
16/04/1997 R 
 
OP - NO  CAT 5/10/2000 
 
OP - signed  
Art. 22 - NO  CRC 14/05/1991
 
OP-AC - 
11/02/2002  
 
OP-SC - 
8/11/2004 
REPUBLIC 
OF 
MOLDOVA ICCPR 
26/01/1993 
 
OP1 - 23/01/2008  
 
OP2 - 20/09/2006 26/01/1993 
 
OP - NO CEDAW 
1/07/1994  
 
OP - 28/02/2006 CAT 28/11/1995 
 
OP 24/07/2006  
Art. 22 - NO  CRC 26/01/1993
 
OP-AC - 
7/04/2004 
 
OP-SC - 
12/04/2007 
MOROCCO 3/05/1979 
 
OP1 - NO 
 
OP2 - NO  3/05/1979 
OP - NO CEDAW 
21/06/1993 R 
 
OP - NO  CAT 21/06/1993 
R 
 
OP - NO   
Art. 22 
19/10/2006 CRC 21/06/1993 
R 
 
OP-AC - 
22/05/2002 
 
OP-SC - 
2/10/2001 
TUNISIA 18/03/1969 
 
OP1 - NO 
 
OP2 - NO  18/03/1969 
OP - NO CEDAW 
20/09/1985 R 
 
OP - 23/09/2008  CAT 23/09/1988 
R 
 
OP - NO   
Art. 22 
22/09/1988 CRC 30/01/1992 
R 
 
OP-AC - 
2/01/2003 
 
OP-SC - 
13/09/2002 
UKRAINE ICCPR 
12/11/1973  
 
OP1 - 25/07/1991 
 
OP2 - 25/07/2007 12/11/1973  
 
OP – 24/09/09  CEDAW 
12/03/1981  
 
OP - 26/09/2003 CAT 24/02/1987 
 
OP - 19/09/2006  
Art. 22 
12/09/2003 CRC 28/08/1991
 
OP-AC - 
11/07/2005 
 
OP-SC - 
3/07/2003 
       
 last update 11 February 2010 
 * date of signature in bold ; date of ratification in standard. Also in bold where an instrument has been 
neither signed nor ratified (“ NO”). 
 R: text adopted with reservations 
 
EN 31   EN  
State of 
ratification/ 
signature of 
major HR 
conventions * CERD 
Convention on 
the Elimination of 
all Forms of 
Racial 
Discrimination  
Right to 
Individual 
Complaint (Art.14) CMW 
 
Convention on 
Migrant Workers Rome Statute 
 
International 
Criminal Cour t CED 
International 
Convention for 
the Protection of 
All Persons from 
Enforced 
Disappearance  CRPD 
Convention on 
the Rights of 
Persons with 
Disabilities 
 
OP 
ARMENIA CERD 23/06/1993 
Art. 14 - NO  NO 1/10/1999  
 
10/04/2007 30/03/2007 
OP – 30/03/2007 
AZERBAIJAN CERD 16/08/1996 
Art. 14 27/09/2001 11/01/1999 NO  
06/02/2007 28/01/2009  
OP- 28/01/2009  
EGYPT CERD 1/05/1967  
Art. 14 - NO  19/02/1993 26/12/2000 NO 14/04/2008 
OP - NO 
GEORGIA CERD 2/06/1999 
Art. 14 30/06/2005 NO 5/09/2003  
 
NO 10/07/2009 
OP – 10/07/2009 
ISRAEL CERD 3/01/1979 R  
Art. 14 - NO NO 31/12/2000 NO 30/03/2007 
JORDAN CERD 30/05/1974 
Art. 14 - NO NO 11/04/2002 NO 31/03/2008 
 
OP-30/03/2007  
 
EN 32   EN LEBANON CERD 12/11/1971 
R 
Art. 14 - NO  NO 
 NO NO 14/01/2007 
REPUBLIC OF 
MOLDOVA CERD 26/01/1993  
Art. 14 - NO  NO 8/09/2000 06/02/07 30/03/2007 
 
OP - NO 
MOROCCO CERD 18/12/1970 
R  
Art. 14 19/10/2006 21/06/1993  8/09/2000  
 
06/02/2007 08/04/2009 
OP - 08/04/2009 
TUNISIA CERD 13/01/1967 
Art. 14 - NO NO NO  
 
06/02/2007 02/04/2008 
OP –  02/04/2008 
 
UKRAINE CERD 20/06/1974 
R  
Art. 14 28/07/1992 NO 20/01/2000 NO 04/02/10 
OP – 04/02/10 
       
 last update 11 February 2010    
 * date of signature in bold ; date of ratification in standard. Also in bold where an instrument 
has been neither signed nor ratified (“ NO”).    
 R: text adopted with reservations    
 
 
EN 33   EN Main Macro Economic Indicators  
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 200 6 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Algeria 5,3 2,2 3,0 3,0 2,1 1,6 2,5 3,5 4,5 5,6 2580,0 2866,0 2973,0 3572,0 3448,0 15,4 12,3 13,8 11,3 10,2 11,9 13,6 11,8 9,0 -7,8 27,3 23,8 19,0 15,1 18,6 20,6 25,2 23,6 19,6 3,2 25,7 29,1 25,5 24,1 2,5 1,1 1,5 1,0 0,6 0,7
Armenia 14,0 13,3 13,7 6,8 -15,4 0,6 2,9 4,4 9,0 3,2 1223,0 1584,0 2081,0 2524,0 1921,0 8,2 7,2 6,7 6,3 7,0 -2,0 -2,1 -2,2 -1,3 -7,5 24,3 18,7 17,4 15,9 37,4 -3,9 -1,4 -6, 4 -11,5 -13,7 -13,2 -14,0 -17,3 -22,3 -23,5 5,1 7,0 7,6 7,8 3,1
Azerbaijan 26,4 34,5 25,0 10,8 9,0 5,3 11,4 19,7 15,4 1,5 2086,0 3455,0 4785,0 7459,0 8530,0 1,1 1,0 0,9 0,9 1,0 -2,3 -4,6 -6,2 -6,4 -8,7 11,1 7,7 6,5 4,1 4,3 1,3 18,4 28,9 35 ,5 7,4 25,0 38,3 48,8 49,7 22,9 3,5 -6,2 -16,6 -4,1 -8,0
Belarus 9,4 9,9 8,2 10,5 0,2 10,3 7,0 12,1 13,3 10,0 2476,0 3018,0 3368,0 4271,0 3237,0 1,5 1,2 1,0 0,8 1,0 -0,6 1,4 0,6 -0,8 0,0 9,6 11,0 11,6 19,0 20,0 1,6 -1,8 -5,0 -8, 2 -10,0 1,0 -4,5 -9,0 -9,6 -14,0 1,0 0,4 3,0 3,6 2,5
Egypt 4,5 6,8 7,1 7,2 4,7 11,4 4,2 11,0 11,7 16,2 1004,0 1239,0 1371,0 1490,0 1815,0 10,5 11,0 10,3 8,9 9,1 -8,4 -9,2 -7,7 -7,8 -6,9 104,4 90,4 80,2 70,2 72,8 3,2 1,6 1 ,7 0,5 -2,3 -11,6 -11,2 -12,5 -14,4 -13,4 4,3 5,6 8,1 7,5 3,6
Georgia 9,3 9,4 12,3 2,1 -3,9 8,2 9,2 9,2 10,1 1,7 1201,0 1415,0 1679,0 1987,0 1774,0 13,8 13,6 13,3 16,5 16,5 -2,4 -3,0 -4,7 -6,3 -9,2 27,1 28,9 22,9 26,6 40,5 -11,1 -1 5,1 -19,7 -22,7 -12,2 -18,9 -23,9 -26,8 -29,8 -22,5 7,1 15,3 16,4 12,2 7,1
Israel 5,3 5,2 5,3 4,1 0,5 1,3 2,1 0,5 46,0 3,6 16232,0 16858,0 17337,0 19379,0 19713,0 9,0 7,7 7,3 6,1 7,8, -1,9 -1,0 0,0 -2,2 -5,1 95,9 84,4 78,1 76,8 79,9 3,4 5,3 2,5 1,2 3,5 -0,2 0,6 -1,7 -1,3 2,1 1,0 -0,1 1,2 0,9 1,8
Jordan 7,2 6,4 6,0 5,5 3,0 3,5 6,3 5,4 14,0 2,5 1601,0 1816,0 1989,0 2335,0 2333,0 14,8 13,9 13,5 12,6 13,5 -10,0 -7,4 -9,2 -9,3 -12,5 84,2 73,5 73,0 62,0 62,7 -17,9 -1 1,3 -16,7 -23,9 -6,5 -42,0 -37,6 -38,0 -44,7 -26,6 12,0 22,1 11,5 11,8 5,1
Lebanon 2,6 0,6 7,5 8,5 5,5 -0,7 5,6 4,1 10,8 1,1 4403,0 4350,0 4450,0 4859,0 5587,0 na na na na na -8,5 -11,2 -10,8 -10,0 -10,5 178,0 180,0 168,0 160,0 162,0 -13,4 -5,6 -7,1 -11,3 -11,2 -28,4 -13,5 -18,2 -18,7 -16,0 8,0 11,9 7,5 8,9 8,0
Libya 9,9 5,9 6,0 3,8 2,1 2,9 1,4 6,2 10,4 5,0 6294,0 7208,0 8023,0 10567,0 6973,0 na na 17,0 20,7 na 29,4 31,4 25,5 24,6 10,6 7,0 5,4 4,9 4,3 7,3 38,9 44,6 40,7 40,7 16, 8 41,2 42,9 38,5 42,0 19,7 2,4 2,6 1,1 -2,0 2,1
Moldova 6,6 4,8 3,0 7,2 -6,4 11,0 14,0 13,3 7,2 -0,2 668,0 756,0 902,0 1160,0 1091,0 7,3 7,4 5,1 4,0 5,5 1,6 0,3 -0,2 -1,0 -6,9 32,0 29,2 26,8 21,3 30,9 -7,6 -11,1 -16,5 - 17,4 -9,0 -40,6 -46,4 -52,1 -52,9 -36,6 6,4 7,4 11,2 11,8 6,4
Morocco 3,0 7,8 2,7 5,8 5,0 1,0 3,3 2,0 3,9 1,8 1386,0 1508,0 1709,0 1997,0 2145,0 10,8 11,1 9,7 9,5 9,2 -5,5 -2,3 -0,1 0,1 -1,0 62,1 57,4 53,6 48,6 53,6 1,8 2,2 -0,1 -4,8 -3,7 -13,8 -14,8 -19,2 -22,1 -17,8 2,7 3,1 3,1 2,7 1,0
occupied 
Palestinian 
territor y6,0-4,8 -1,4 2,3 5,5 3,5 3,8 2,7 9,9 2,0 911,0 876,0 956,0 1181,0 1201,0 23,8 23,6 21,5 26,0 23,6 -17,7 -24,4 -23,8 -19,4 -23,1 7,6 7,3 10,3 6,9 6,0 -7,5 -8,0 0, 1 2,4 -4,0 -67,2 -58,9 -61,0 -57,2 -58,6 na na na na na
Syria 6,0 5,2 6,3 5,2 2,0 7,2 10,0 3,9 15,7 3,8 1039,0 1171,0 1399,0 10700,0 1670,0 8,0 8,3 8,4 8,6 9,2 -5,0 -3,5 -3,4 -2,2 -8,2 -29,4 7,3 10,3 6,9 6,0 1,0 2,7 1,1 -1,5 - 2,7 -0,5 2,7 -1,3 3,9 5,8 2,7 2,6 2,8 4,2 3,7
Tunisia 3,7 5,3 6,3 4,6 3,1 2,0 4,5 3,1 5,0 3,7 2236,0 2448,0 2550,0 2707,0 2735,0 14,2 14,3 14,1 14,2 14,7 -3,2 -3,0 -2,9 -1,2 -3,3 58,1 53,7 50,0 47,5 48,7 -1,0 -2,0 -2 ,6 -4,3 -2,8 -6,7 -8,1 -11,0 -13,1 -11,6 2,2 3,2 6,0 5,3 3,1
Ukraine 2,7 7,3 7,9 2,1 -15,1 13,5 9,1 12,8 25,2 15,9 1467,0 1848 2255 2678 1846 7,8 6,8 0,6 6,4 8,8 -2,3 -1,4 -2,0 -3,2 -8,6 18,7 15,7 12,9 19,9 35,4 2,9 -1,5 -3,7 -7,2 -1 , 5 0 , 8- 2 , 8- 5 , 7- 8 , 1- 1 , 7 8 , 7 5 , 3 6 , 4 5 , 5 3 , 9
Note: 
Fiscal balance for Lebanon and Moldova refers to General government.Figures for 2009 are preliminary
GDP per capita is in nominal terms.Fiscal years for Egypt running from June to July.
Trade balance for Lebanon refers to merchandise balance.
NA: Not available.Foreign Direct 
Investment
(% of GDP) (net, % of GDP)Current Account 
Balance
(% of GDP) (% of GDP)Trade Balance
(in EUR) (%officially registered) (% of GDP)Gross Publlic Debt Central Goverment Balance Real GDP growth
(% change) (period average)Inflation GDP per Capita Unemployment
 
 
EN 34   EN Youth in Action mobility figures 2009  
Youth in Action20  
  Youth Exchanges and Youth 
Workers Mobility Voluntary Service  
Country/Year 2008 2009 2008 2009 
Armenia 290 351 56 67 
Algeria 88 91 1 0 
Azerbaijan 237 231 25 8 
Belarus 295 221 17 10 
Georgia 340 344 40 60 
Egypt 91 79 11 13 
Israel 207 183 2 10 
Jordan 95 94 10 4 
Lebanon 102 68 1 3 
Republic of Moldova 303 309 28 11 
Morocco 157 116 3 4 
occupied Palestinian territory 129 142 9 2 
Syria 49 10 2 0 
Tunisia  116 108 4 1 
Ukraine 684 641 61 86 
      
Overall Total per Action 3183 2988 270 279 
                                                 
20 Approximate figures gathered at application level for projects subm itted at decentralised level.  
 
EN 35   EN  
Mobility under   
 
Erasmus Mundus, Action 2, 2009-2010  
 
  
ENP Country  Total Mobility Flows  
for academic year 2009-2010*  
 
ARMENIA  35  
ALGERIA  86  
AZERBAIJAN  33  
BELARUS  67  
EGYPT  139  
GEORGIA  58  
ISRAEL  69  
JORDAN  35  
LEBANON  26  
REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA  67  
MOROCCO  86  
OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN 
TERRITORY  56 
SYRIA  26  
TUNISIA  86  
UKRAINE  98  
GRAND TOTAL  967  
*Figures based on the projected mobility flows by 1 April 2010, subject to possible adjustment upwards  
 
EN 36   EN Erasmus Mundus Action 1 – Erasmus Mundus Masters Scholarships 
  Students Scholars 
Country/Year Academic year 
2008-2009 Academic year 
2009-2010 Academic year 
2008-2009 Academic year 
2009-2010 
Algeria 8 5 6 6 
Armenia 7 13 2 1 
Azerbaijan 5 3  2 
Belarus 9 5 2 2 
Egypt 9 7 5 2 
Georgia 10 9 1 2 
Israel 8 8 9 13 
Jordan 1 1   
Lebanon 9 3 1 2 
Moldova 6 10  1 
Morocco 8 3 7 7 
occupied 
Palestinian 
territory 3 2 1  
Syria 2  2  
Tunisia  6 10 3 2 
Ukraine 33 29 9 8 
     
Overall Total 124 108 48 47 
 
 
EN 37   EN Tempus IV- project status for country participation for 2009 
Country Total 
Projects National 
ProjectsMulti 
Country 
ProjectsJoint 
Projects Structural 
Measures As 
Grant 
Holder 
Algeria 6 1 5 4 2  
Armenia 3  3 2 1  
Azerbaijan 2  2 2   
Belarus 4  4 3 1  
Egypt 6 2 4 5 1 2 
Georgia 4  4 3 1  
Israel 1  1  1  
Jordan 4  4 3 1  
Lebanon 3  3 2 1  
Moldova 2 1 1  2  
Morocco 7 1 6 4 3  
occupied Palestinian territory 2 1 1 2 2 1 
Syria 2 2  1 1 2 
Tunisia  6  6 4 2  
Ukraine 11 3 8 8 3  
 
 
EN 38   EN Breakdown of TAIEX requests from ENP partn er countries and the Russian Federation  
  
Number of requests per country 
 
  2006 
(3&4Q) 2007 2008 2009 Total  
Algeria        16 16 
Armenia  2 7 29 20 58 
Azerbaijan    12 6 8 26 
Belarus    1 11 24 36 
Egypt  5 31 22 22 80 
Georgia  3 15 24 54 96 
Israel  10 18 36 30 94 
Jordan  6 7 25 17 55 
Lebanon    3 7 6 16 
Libya        8 8 
Moldova  4 42 39 30 115 
Morocco  6 27 10 26 69 
Occupied Palestinian Territory      4 12 16 
Russia Federation  1 25 14 18 58 
Syria      4 1 5 
Tunisia  1 7 15 18 41 
Ukraine  14 22 41 139 216 
Total  52 217 287 449 1005 
 
EN 39   EN 0 50 100 150 200 250Syria Libya Algeria Lebanon Occupied Palestinian TerritoryAzerbaijan Belarus Tunisia Jordan Armenia Russia FederationMorocco Egypt Israel Georgia Moldova Ukraine Number of requests per country
2006
2007
2008
2009
 
 
  
020040060080010001200
2006* 2007 2008 2009per year
cumulativ e
 
 
EN 40   EN Single country events 2006 -2009  ( Total: 461)
Algeria ; 4
Armenia ; 35
Azerbaijan ; 9
Belarus ; 19
Egypt ; 30
Georgia ; 36
Israel ; 56
Jordan ; 35
Lebanon ; 7
Libya ; 1Moldova ; 59Morocco ; 35Occupied 
Palestinian 
Territory; 7Russian Federation; 
38Tunisia ; 21Ukraine ; 69
 
Single country events
0 1 02 03 04 05 06 07 0LibyaAlgeriaLebanonPalest. Auth.tyAzerbaijanBelarusTunisiaEgyptArm eniaJordanMoroccoGeorgiaRussiaIsraelMoldovaUkraine
2006*
2007
2008
2009
 
EN 41   EN Number of participants (single and multi-country events)  
 
  2006 
(3&4Q)  2007 2008 2009 Total  
Algeria    93 106 36 235 
Armenia  72 42 221 235 570 
Azerbaijan  91 33 148 78 350 
Belarus  3** 308 79 370 760 
Egypt  9 139 179 410 737 
Georgia  81 142 130 282 635 
Israel  227 315 422 465 1429 
Jordan  27 75 49 425 576 
Lebanon  3 24 61 78 166 
Libya        10 10 
Moldova  11 559 476 585 1631 
Morocco  29 55 353 298 735 
occupied Palestinian territory    15 14 178 207 
Russia  9 437 617 309 1372 
Syria    10 16 14 40 
Tunisia  1 131 149 75 356 
Ukraine  237 899 294 1093 2523 
Total  797 3.277  3.314  4.941  12.329  
** attended at no cost to TAIEX 
 
EN 42   EN Taiex breakdown of events by sector 2007 – 2009  
 
 
Transport
5%Energy
3%Competition & 
Customs
5%Justice, Liberty & 
Secuirty
20%Others
20%Internal Market
20%
Telecom
1%
Agriculture and 
Environment
13%
Finance & Social 
Affairs
13%
 
 
EN 43   EN Type of assistance requested 2006-2009  
  
 
 
 Workshop Expert 
mission Study visit Total 
Algeria 2 14 0 16 
Armenia 17 14 27 58 
Azerbaijan 8 7 11 26 
Belarus 15 6 15 36 
Egypt 23 36 21 80 
Georgia 27 25 44 96 
Israel 46 12 36 94 
Jordan 12 18 25 55 
Lebanon 5 2 9 16 
Libya 4 2 2 8 
Moldova 50 32 33 115 
Morocco 23 30 16 69 
occupied Palestinian 
territory 6 2 8 16 
Russian Federation 31 8 19 58 
Syria 5 0 1 6 
Tunisia 15 10 16 41 
Ukraine 106 34 76 216 
Total 395 252 359 1006 
 
EN 44   EN  
Expert mission
 36% Workshops
39%
Study visits
25%
 
EN 45   EN SIGMA  
Activities per country/sector 2009  
N° Country  Sector  N° of actions 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and Justice 2 
Financial Control and External Audit 2 
Public Procurement 2 1. Armenia 
Policy-making 2 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and Justice 1 2. Azerbaijan 
Financial Control and Audit 1 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and Justice 4 
Policy-making 4 3. Egypt 
Financial Control and External Audit 1 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and Justice 3 
Financial Control and External Audit 1 
Public Procurement 1 4. Georgia 
Policy-making 1 
Public Procurement 2 5. Jordan 
Policy-making 4 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and justice 2 
Public Procurement 1 6. Moldova 
Financial Control and External Audit 3 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and Justice 3 
Public Procurement 1 7. Morocco 
Financial Control and External Audit 2 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and Justice 3 
Public Procurement 1 
Policy-making 1 8. Tunisia 
Financial Control and External Audit 2 
Legal Framework, Civil Service and Justice 2 9. Ukraine 
Financial Control and External Audit 2 
 
EN 46   EN  
 
   0 1 2 3 4 5Armenia  Azerbaijan  Egypt.  Georgia  Jordan  Moldova  Morocco  TunisiaUkraine  
Policy making  
Public procurement  
Financial control and external
audit 
Legal Framework, Civil Serviceand Justice
 
 
EN 47   ENTwinning projects 
ENPI South (per country) 
 
Country 2005-2009 
Launched/ongoing/ 
terminated 2005-2009 
Under preparation/ 
identification/project 
ideas TOTAL 
Algeria 3 12 15 
Egypt 13 20 33 
Israel 4 0 4 
Jordan 10 1 11 
Lebanon 5 1 6 
Morocco 19 27 46 
Tunisia 19 6 25 
TOTAL 73 67 140 
 
Twinning projects  
ENPI East (per country) 
 
Country 2005-2009 
Launched/ongoing 2005-2009 
Under preparation/ 
identification/project 
ideas TOTAL 
Armenia 5 2 7 
Azerbaijan 8 13 21 
Georgia 3 11 14 
Moldova 5 4 9 
Ukraine 20 13 33 
TOTAL 41 43 84 
 
EN 48   EN Twinning projects ENP 20 05-2009 (per sector) 
 
 
 
Finance & Internal Market 40 
Trade & Industry 30 
Justice & Home Affairs 26 
Health & Consumer Protection 18 
Employment & Social Affairs 17 
Environment 14 
Transport 14 
Energy 10 
Agriculture 9 
Customs 9 
Statistics 8 
Competition 6 
Telecommunications  2 
Other 21 
TOTAL 224 
 
 
EN 49   EN 0 1 02 03 04 05 0UA
MA
TN
EG
JO
AZ
MD
AM
LB
IL
DZ
GE
Launched/ongoing Under preparation/identification114 ongoing and published projects - 110 under preparation 
Total of 224 projects in 12 ENP countries 
 
EN 50   EN Number of Twinning proposals 
by Member State 2006 – 2009 
273 Proposals from 24 Member States for 
105 ENP-Twinning Calls for Proposals (12.01.2010) 
010203040506070
AT BE BG CY CZ DE DK EE EL ES FI FR HU IT LT LV NL PL PT RO SE SI SK UKLight
Junior
Lead e
 
EN 51   EN Member States selected  
 in awarded Twinning projects  
2005-2009 
19 EU Member States Selected for 
99 attributed ENP-Twinning (12.01.2010  
051015202530354045
AT BE BG CY CZ DE DK EE EL ES FI FR HU IT LT LV NL PL PT RO SE SI SK UK
 
EN 52   EN 42
688
214366114
99
42071
020406080100120
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 15/02/2010ENP-Twinning Fiches published (cum.) ENP-Twinning awarded operations (cum.)Exponential Increase of Twinning Launched in 
ENP Countries: 
Cumulated 2005-2010 
 
EN 53   EN Neighbourhood Investment Facility (NIF ): List of projects receiving final 
approval for a contribution in 2009  
Projects in the ENP East Region: 
The NIF contribution to the 8 projects approved for the East amounts to €58,7 million. The 
total amount for these projects is approximately €1,7 billion. 
 
Projects in the ENP South Region: 
The NIF contribution to the 5 projects appr oved for the South amounts to €46 million. The 
total amount for these projects is approximately €3 billion. 
 Country Project Title Consortium 
of IFIs NIF contribution Sector total 
cost 
ARMENIA Small municipalities water project EBRD, EIB 7,60 Environment 20,8 
ARMENIA Yerevan Metro EBRD, EIB 5,00 Transport 16,6 
GEORGIA Tbilisi Railway Bypass Environmental Clean 
up EBRD, EIB 8,50 Transport 253,5 
REGIONAL Regional Energy Efficiency Programme for 
Corporate sector EBRD 2,00 Energy - 
 
REGIONAL ENBF - European Neighbourhood Small 
Business Growth Facility  KfW, OeEB 10,00 Private  - 
 
REGIONAL Financial sector Institutional building and 
crisis response EBRD 12,00 Private  - 
 
UKRAINE Hydropower rehabilitation project EBRD, EIB 3,60 Energy 350 
UKRAINE Ukraine Power Transmission Network EBRD, EIB 10,00 Energy 1110 
            
    Total 58,70   1751 
Country Project Title Consortium of 
IFIs NIF 
contribution  sector total 
cost 
LIBYA Kerswan Wastewater EIB, AFD 4,00 Environment 214 
MOROCCO Education  AFD, EIB, WB 15,00 Social 1900 
MOROCCO Tramway de Rabat (5M+3M) AFD, EIB 8,00 Transport 346 
TUNISA STEP (Part II) KfW, AFD 5,00 Environment -  
TUNISA Réseau Ferré Rapide de Tunis AFD, KFW, EIB 14,00 Transport 550 
            
    Total 46,00   3010 
 
EN 54   EN Distribution of NIF contribution by Sector 2009
Energy
15%
Environment
16%
Private Sector
21%Transport
34%Social
14%
 
Distribution of NIF contribution by Objectives 2009
Energy and 
Transport
49%
Environment
16%SME and Social 
sectors
35%
 
 
EN 55   EN NIF: Contributions pledged by Member States 2008-2010  
(as of 31/12/2009)  
 
 
Total List of Member State 
direct contributions 
(officially announced) Pledge 
(2008-10) Additional 
pledges made in 
2009 
 
Germany 10 10 20 
France 10  10 
Poland 3  3 
Czech Republic 2  2 
Spain 2  2 
Austria 1  1 
Bulgaria 1  1 
Estonia 1  1 
Finland 1  1 
Greece 1  1 
Italy 1  1 
Luxembourg 1  1 
Portugal 1  1 
Romania 1  1 
Sweden 1  1 
 37 10 47