EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 30.11.2020 SWD(2020) 298 final COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Technical information Accompanying the document Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee, the Committee of the Regions and the European Investment Bank - Kick-starting the journey towards a climate-neutral Europe by 2050



























EU Climate Action Progress Report 2020 {COM(2020) 777 final}



Contents 1. OVERVIEW OF EU CLIMATE TARGETS 2. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS COVERED BY THE KYOTO PROTOCOL AND THE CLIMATE AND ENERGY PACKAGE 3. EU GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS BY SECTOR 4. TOTAL GHG EMISSIONS PER MEMBER STATE 5. GREENHOUSE GAS INTENSITY IN THE EU AND ITS MEMBER STATES 6. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS PER CAPITA IN THE EU AND ITS MEMBER STATES 7. EU ETS EMISSIONS 8. EMISSIONS COVERED BY THE EFFORT SHARING LEGISLATION 9. USE OF REVENUES FROM AUCTIONING OF ETS ALLOWANCES 10. NER 300 PROJECTS 1. OVERVIEW OF EU CLIMATE TARGETS



Table 1: Overview of EU climate targets. International commitments EU domestic legislation The EU’s commitment under the Kyoto Protocol The EU’s commitment under the Paris Agreement 2020 Climate and Energy Package 2030 Climate and Energy Framework EU ETS Effort Sharing Decision (ESD) EU ETS Effort Sharing Regulation (ESR) LULUCF Target year of period Second commitment period (2013-2020) (target for EU-28) Already in force – covers the period post 2020 2013-2020 2013-2020 2021-2030 2021-2030 2021-2030 Emission reduction target -20 % at least -40 % in 2030 -21 % in 2020 compared to 2005 for ETS emissions Annual targets by MS. In 2020 -10 % compared to 2005 for non-ETS emissions -43 % in 2030 compared to 2005 for ETS emissions Annual targets by MS. In 2030 -30 % compared to 2005 for non-ETS emissions 0% (no-debit target based on accounting rules) Overall target: -20 % GHG emissions reduction vs 1990" Overall target: at least -40 % domestic GHG emissions reduction vs 1990 Further targets - • limiting global warming to well below 2°C.;

• every 5 years to set more ambitious targets as required by science;

• report on implementation/ track progress towards the long-term goal through a robust transparency and accountability system. • balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century. Renewable Energy Directive: 20 % share of renewable energy of gross final energy consumption; At least 32 % share of renewable energy in EU energy consumption (with an upward review by 2023); Energy Efficiency Directive : Increase energy efficiency by 20 %. At least 32.5 % improvement in energy efficiency (with an upward review by 2023). Base year 1990, but subject to flexibility rules. 1995 or 2000 may be used as its base year for NF3 1990 2005 2005 2005 2005 Subject to accounting rules 1990 for overall emission reduction target 1990 for overall emission reduction target LULUCF Included: afforestation, reforestation and deforestation (ARD) and forest management, other activities if elected (new accounting rules) Included: Contributes to the commitment of decreasing emissions by at least -40%. Excluded from target, but reported in inventories. Included: Contributes to the commitment of decreasing emissions by at least -40%. Aviation Domestic aviation included. International aviation not attributed. Economy-wide action encouraged EU ETS: Domestic (national) and some international aviation included. ESD: CO2 from domestic aviation excluded EU ETS: Domestic and some international aviation included. ESR: CO2 from domestic aviation excluded Aviation generally excluded Use of international credits Use of KP flexible mechanisms subject to KP rules The EU will not use international credits (according to its NDC) Upper limit for credit use for period 2008-2020 at a maximum of 50 % of the reduction effort below 2005 levels Annual use of carbon credits is limited to up to 3 % of each Member State's ESD emissions in 2005 No No No Carry-over of units from preceeding periods Subject to KP rules including those agreed in the Doha Amendment No EU ETS allowances can be banked into subsequent ETS trading periods since the second trading period No carry over from previous period Indefinite validity of allowances not limited to trading periods, no need to carry over. No No Gases covered CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3 CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3 CO2, N2O, PFCs, CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6 CO2, N2O, PFCs, CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3 CO2, CH4, N2O Sectors included Energy, IPPU, agriculture, waste, LULUCF Energy, IPPU, agriculture, waste, LULUCF Energy, IPPU, agriculture, waste, LULUCF Power & heat generation, energy-intensive industry sectors, aviation Transport (except aviation), buildings, non-ETS industry, agriculture (non-CO2) and waste Power & heat generation, energy-intensive industry sectors, aviation Transport (except aviation), buildings, non-ETS industry, agriculture (non CO2) and waste Land use, land use change and forestry GWPs used IPCC SAR IPCC AR4 IPCC AR5 IPCC AR4 IPCC AR5 Applicable to number of MS 15 (additional KP targets for single MS) EU-27, UK and Iceland EU-27, UK EU-27, UK EU-27 2. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS COVERED BY THE KYOTO PROTOCOL AND THE CLIMATE AND ENERGY PACKAGE



Table 2: Emissions covered by the EU Climate and Energy Package and by the Kyoto Protocol, second commitment period 1990, 2018 and 2020 targets (Mt CO2-eq. and % change from base year emissions) Base year emissions (Mt CO2-eq.) 1990 emissions (Mt CO2-eq.) 2018 emissions (Mt CO2-eq.) 2018 emissions (% change from base year) 2020 targets (Mt CO2-eq.) 2020 target (% change from base year) Climate and energy package: Total GHG emissions, including international aviation (EU Convention scope) 5721 5721 4392 23% 4577 -20% Kyoto Protocol: Total GHG emissions, excluding international aviation (EU KP scope + Iceland) 5876 5659 4234 28% 4701 -20%

Table 2 shows progress towards the EU’s 2020 targets as defined under the EU Climate and Energy Package and under the Kyoto Protocol. The differences between the two approaches are described in table 1. Notably, emissions from international aviation are included in the Climate and Energy Package, but excluded under the Kyoto Protocol. The geographical scope of the commitment under the Kyoto protocol includes Iceland and certain regions not included in the Climate and Energy Package. Under the Kyoto Protocol, base year emissions differs from 1990 because some Member States have used a different base year. Moreover, for NF3 emissions, 1995 or 2000 may have been used as base year. Under the Kyoto Protocol, Member States also need to account for emissions and removals from certain categories of land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) by applying the accounting rules of the Kyoto Protocol. Table 2 does not include emissions and removals from LULUCF. For the EU as a whole, the LULUCF sector has been a net accounted sink in 2013-2018, thereby contributing to achieving the commitment.



3. EU GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS BY SECTOR



Figure 1: EU-27 greenhouse gas emissions by sector, historical data (1990-2019) and projections (2020-2030). Figure 2: EU-27 greenhouse gas emissions by sector 2018 (in % of total emissions). The sectors used in Figure 1 and 2 correspond to the following IPCC sectors: ·Energy supply: 1A1, 1B and 1C, ·Energy use in manufacturing industries: 1A2, ·Industrial processes and product use: 2, ·Transport: 1A3, ·Other energy use: 1A4, 1A5 and 6, ·Agriculture: 3,

·Waste: 5, ·International aviation: memo item.



4. TOTAL GHG EMISSIONS PER MEMBER STATE Table 3: Total GHG Emissions 2019, excl. LULUCF, including international aviation (Mt CO2-eq. and % change from 1990 and 2005) 1990 2005 2019 2019/1990 2019/2005 EU-27 4912 4647 3749 -24% -19% Austria 79 94 83 5% -12% Belgium 150 150 124 -17% -17% Bulgaria 103 65 57 -44% -12% Croatia 32 30 25 -22% -17% Cyprus 6 10 10 63% -2% Czechia 200 150 132 -34% -12% Denmark 73 69 48 -34% -31% Estonia 40 19 15 -62% -20% Finland 72 71 55 -23% -22% France 557 571 459 -18% -20% Germany 1262 1016 835 -34% -18% Greece 106 139 89 -16% -36% Hungary 94 76 64 -32% -16% Ireland 57 72 62 9% -14% Italy 520 595 427 -18% -28% Latvia 27 12 12 -55% 0% Lithuania 48 23 21 -57% -10% Luxembourg 13 14 13 -3% -10% Malta 3 3 3 -12% -12% Netherlands 226 226 196 -13% -13% Poland 476 405 394 -17% -3% Portugal 60 88 69 15% -22% Romania 249 152 113 -55% -26% Slovakia 74 51 42 -43% -18% Slovenia 19 21 17 -10% -18% Spain 294 455 333 13% -27% Sweden 73 69 53 -27% -23%

5. GREENHOUSE GAS INTENSITY IN THE EU AND ITS MEMBER STATES



Figure 3: Greenhouse gas emissions intensity (i.e. the ratio between emissions and GDP) in the EU and its Member States 1990, 2005 and 2019 (g CO2-eq./ EUR2015).



6. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS PER CAPITA IN THE EU AND ITS MEMBER STATES



Figure 4: Greenhouse gas emissions per capita in the EU and its Member States 1990, 2005 and 2019 (tonnes CO2-eq. per capita).



7. EU ETS EMISSIONS



Table 4: Verified ETS emissions from stationary installations (Mt CO2-eq. and percentage change from year X-1).



8. EMISSIONS COVERED BY THE EFFORT SHARING LEGISLATION In 2019 and 2020, Member States have submitted projections in the context of the NECPs and of the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation (EU) No. 525/2013 (MMR) Effort Sharing legislation. The aggregated “with existing measures” projections for effort sharing sectors are based on the GHG projection submissions under the MMR Monitoring Mechanism Regulation (EU) No. 525/2013 or the NECPs, whichever is more recent. 13 Member States reported updated GHG projections in 2020 (AT, BE, CY, DK, EE, EL, HU, IE, LV, LT, LU, PL and SI). The aggregated planned measures are based on the 2030 greenhouse gas projections “with additional measures” for effort sharing sectors that were included in the NECPs. If Member States provided projections in March 2020 under the MMR calibrated to more recent inventory data, these were used. For the few Member States for which projections of planned measures for effort sharing sectors are not available (DK, NL, PT, RO, SE, SK), the following gap-fillers were applied: ESR targets for DK, NL and RO, as the targets set in the NECPs imply fulfilling the ESR targets domestically, national domestic ESR targets (SK), with additional measures projections submitted under the MMR in 2019 (PT). For SE with existing measures projections submitted in March 2019 are presented; certain measures have been implemented or planned to achieve the domestic target for ESR sectors of at least -50% reductions since then which will only be reflected in updated projections in March 2021. For Bulgaria it is noted that the WEM projection has lower emissions than the WAM projection. One reason is that they stem from different modelling exercises, WEM from the 2019 MMR submission and WAM from the final NECP. The 2005 base year values as used under the Effort Sharing Decision and published in the accompanying Staff Working Document e.g. in SWD(2018)453 have been used unless Member State updates thereof based on more recent inventories are available from the NECPs.







Table 5: Member States targets, historical and projected emissions under the effort-sharing legislation and distance to targets in percentage change from 2005 base year emissions. Positive values indicate projected overachievement while negative values indicate projected underachievement. WEM = with existing measures, WAM = with additional measures. Member State 2017 2018 2019 (preliminary) 2030 (projections WEM) 2030 (projections WMM) Austria Target -13% -14% -15% -36% -36% Emissions -9% -11% -11% -16% -27% Distance to target (pp) -4% -2% -4% -20% -9% Belgium Target -10% -11% -13% -35% -35% Emissions -12% -8% -7% -14% -34% Distance to target (pp) 2% -4% -6% -21% -1% Bulgaria Target 17% 18% 19% 0% 0% Emissions 20% 19% 23% 8% 14% Distance to target (pp) -3% -1% -4% -8% -14% Croatia Target 7% 9% 10% -7% -7% Emissions -4% -7% -3% -13% -19% Distance to target (pp) 12% 15% 13% 6% 12% Cyprus Target 0% -1% -3% -24% -24% Emissions 2% -1% 3% -7% -21% Distance to target (pp) -2% -1% -6% -17% -3% Czechia Target 6% 7% 8% -14% -14% Emissions 1% -2% 10% -12% -14% Distance to target (pp) 5% 9% -2% -2% 0% Denmark Target -13% -15% -18% -39% -39% Emissions -18% -17% -19% -23% -39% Distance to target (pp) 5% 2% 1% -16% 0% Estonia Target 9% 10% 10% -13% -13% Emissions 14% 13% 20% -6% -20% Distance to target (pp) -5% -3% -10% -7% 7% Finland Target -11% -13% -14% -39% -39% Emissions -11% -12% -14% -24% -37% Distance to target (pp) 0% -1% -1% -15% -2% France Target -10% -11% -13% -37% -37% Emissions -11% -14% -14% -23% -41% Distance to target (pp) 1% 3% 2% -14% 4% Germany Target -10% -11% -13% -38% -38% Emissions -2% -9% -8% -24% -35% Distance to target (pp) -7% -2% -5% -14% -3% Greece Target -5% -5% -4% -16% -16% Emissions -27% -29% -29% -25% -34% Distance to target (pp) 22% 24% 25% 9% 18% Hungary Target 4% 6% 8% -7% -7% Emissions -10% -10% -9% -8% -23% Distance to target (pp) 14% 16% 18% 1% 16% Ireland Target -13% -15% -18% -30% -30% Emissions -7% -4% -5% -6% -29% Distance to target (pp) -6% -12% -12% -24% -1% Italy Target -11% -12% -12% -33% -33% Emissions -19% -17% -19% -27% -35% Distance to target (pp) 8% 5% 6% -6% 2% Latvia Target 14% 15% 16% -6% -6% Emissions 8% 7% 6% -7% -13% Distance to target (pp) 6% 8% 10% 1% 7% Lithuania Target 7% 9% 12% -9% -9% Emissions 7% 8% 8% 2% -24% Distance to target (pp) 0% 2% 4% -11% 15% Luxembourg Target -14% -16% -18% -40% -40% Emissions -14% -11% -9% -16% -53% Distance to target (pp) 0% -5% -9% -24% 13% Malta Target 5% 5% 5% -19% -19% Emissions 28% 24% 24% 47% 41% Distance to target (pp) -23% -19% -19% -66% -60% Netherlands Target -11% -13% -14% -36% -36% Emissions -20% -22% -22% -31% -36% Distance to target (pp) 9% 9% 7% -5% 0% Poland Target 11% 12% 13% -7% -7% Emissions 18% 18% 15% 11% -7% Distance to target (pp) -6% -6% -2% -18% 0% Portugal Target -1% -1% 0% -17% -17% Emissions -17% -17% -14% -40% -47% Distance to target (pp) 16% 16% 15% 23% 30% Romania Target 11% 14% 16% -2% -2% Emissions 0% 3% 0% 10% -2% Distance to target (pp) 12% 11% 16% -12% 0% Slovakia Target 9% 10% 12% -12% -12% Emissions -7% -8% -5% -12% -20% Distance to target (pp) 17% 19% 17% 0% 8% Slovenia Target 3% 3% 4% -15% -15% Emissions -8% -7% -9% -10% -26% Distance to target (pp) 11% 10% 12% -5% 11% Spain Target -8% -8% -9% -26% -26% Emissions -15% -14% -15% -21% -39% Distance to target (pp) 7% 6% 6% -5% 13% Sweden Target -13% -14% -16% -40% -40% Emissions -25% -28% -30% -40% -40% Distance to target (pp) 12% 13% 14% 0% 0% EU 27 Target -6% -7% -7% -29% -29% Emissions -9% -10% -10% -19% -32% Distance to target (pp) 3% 3% 3% -10% 3%



Table 6: Annual emissions allocations , historical and projected emissions and distance to targets under the Effort Sharing Decision (Mt. CO2-eq.). Positive gap to target indicate projected overachievement, negative values indicate projected underachievement. WEM = with existing measures, WAM = with additional measures. Member State 2005 base year emissions 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 (preliminary) 2019 (proxy inventory) 2020 Austria AEA 52,6 52,1 51,5 51,0 49,5 48,9 48,3 47,8 Emissions 56,8 50,1 48,2 49,3 50,6 51,7 50,3 50,7 Distance to target 2,5 3,9 2,2 0,4 -2,1 -1,4 -2,4 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 2,5 6,4 8,7 9,0 6,9 5,5 3,1 Belgium AEA 78,4 76,9 75,3 73,8 72,5 71,1 69,7 68,2 Emissions 80,3 74,3 70,1 72,7 74,1 70,8 74,3 74,3 Distance to target 4,1 6,8 2,6 -0,3 1,7 -3,2 -4,6 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 4,1 10,9 13,5 13,2 14,9 11,7 7,1 Bulgaria AEA 26,9 27,2 27,5 27,7 25,9 26,1 26,3 26,5 Emissions 22,1 22,2 22,9 25,4 25,6 26,5 26,3 27,1 Distance to target 4,7 4,3 2,1 2,1 -0,6 -0,2 -0,8 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 4,7 9,0 11,1 13,3 12,6 12,4 11,6 Croatia AEA 19,6 19,8 20,0 20,2 18,7 18,9 19,1 19,3 Emissions 17,4 15,1 14,7 15,6 16,0 16,7 16,2 16,8 Distance to target 4,5 5,1 4,4 4,2 2,0 2,7 2,3 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 4,5 9,6 14,1 18,2 20,3 22,9 25,2 Cyprus AEA 5,9 5,9 5,9 5,9 4,2 4,1 4,0 4,0 Emissions 4,2 3,9 3,9 4,1 4,1 4,3 4,2 4,3 Distance to target 2,0 2,0 1,9 1,8 -0,1 0,0 -0,3 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 2,0 4,0 5,8 7,7 7,6 7,5 7,3 Czechia AEA 62,5 63,2 64,0 64,7 65,2 65,9 66,5 67,2 Emissions 61,7 61,5 57,6 61,3 62,8 62,4 60,6 67,8 Distance to target 1,0 5,6 2,7 1,9 2,8 5,3 -1,2 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 1,0 6,6 9,3 11,2 14,0 19,2 18,0 Denmark AEA 36,8 35,9 35,0 34,1 34,8 33,9 33,0 32,1 Emissions 40,1 33,7 32,6 32,5 33,1 32,7 33,1 32,5 Distance to target 3,1 3,3 2,5 1,0 2,1 0,7 0,5 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 3,1 6,4 8,9 9,9 12,0 12,7 13,2 Estonia AEA 6,3 6,3 6,3 6,4 5,9 6,0 6,0 6,0 Emissions 5,4 5,8 6,1 6,1 6,2 6,2 6,1 6,5 Distance to target 0,5 0,2 0,2 0,2 -0,3 -0,2 -0,5 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 0,5 0,8 1,0 1,1 0,9 0,7 0,2 Finland AEA 31,8 31,3 30,8 30,3 30,2 29,6 29,1 28,5 Emissions 33,9 31,6 30,1 29,9 31,4 30,1 29,9 29,3 Distance to target 0,2 1,1 0,9 -1,0 0,1 -0,3 -0,3 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 0,2 1,3 2,2 1,2 1,3 1,0 0,8 France AEA 394,1 389,5 384,4 379,4 358,2 352,9 347,7 342,5 Emissions 398,2 366,1 353,5 353,0 351,9 352,8 342,2 341,1 Distance to target 28,0 35,9 31,4 27,5 5,4 10,7 6,6 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 28,0 63,9 95,3 122,8 128,2 138,9 145,5 Germany AEA 472,5 465,8 459,1 452,4 432,3 425,2 418,1 410,9 Emissions 477,8 460,2 436,8 444,1 454,2 466,9 434,0 439,7 Distance to target 12,3 29,0 15,1 -1,7 -34,5 -8,8 -21,6 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 12,3 41,4 56,4 54,7 20,2 11,3 -10,3 Greece AEA 59,0 59,3 59,6 59,9 59,1 59,4 59,7 60,0 Emissions 62,6 44,2 44,4 45,4 44,9 45,4 44,7 44,3 Distance to target 14,8 14,9 14,2 15,0 13,7 14,7 15,5 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 14,8 29,6 43,8 58,8 72,5 87,3 102,7 Hungary AEA 50,4 51,5 52,6 53,8 50,1 51,0 51,9 52,8 Emissions 48,0 38,4 38,4 41,4 42,1 43,1 43,2 43,5 Distance to target 12,0 13,1 11,2 11,7 6,9 7,7 8,4 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 12,0 25,1 36,3 47,9 54,9 62,6 71,0 Ireland AEA 46,9 45,8 44,6 43,5 40,9 39,8 38,7 37,7 Emissions 47,1 42,2 41,7 43,0 43,8 43,8 45,4 44,6 Distance to target 4,7 4,1 1,6 -0,3 -2,9 -5,6 -5,8 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 4,7 8,8 10,4 10,1 7,1 1,6 -4,3 Italy AEA 308,2 306,2 304,2 302,3 298,3 295,8 293,4 291,0 Emissions 334,5 273,3 265,3 273,3 270,7 270,1 278,7 272,3 Distance to target 34,8 40,9 31,0 31,6 28,1 17,1 21,1 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 34,8 75,7 106,7 138,3 166,4 183,5 204,6 Latvia AEA 9,3 9,4 9,4 9,5 9,7 9,8 9,9 10,0 Emissions 8,5 8,8 9,0 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,1 9,0 Distance to target 0,5 0,3 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,7 0,9 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 0,5 0,8 1,3 1,7 2,2 2,9 3,7 Lithuania AEA 12,9 13,3 13,7 14,0 14,1 14,5 14,9 15,2 Emissions 13,3 12,4 12,9 13,3 13,9 14,1 14,3 14,4 Distance to target 0,5 0,4 0,4 0,1 0,0 0,2 0,5 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 0,5 0,9 1,3 1,4 1,4 1,6 2,1 Luxembourg AEA 9,5 9,3 9,1 8,9 8,7 8,5 8,3 8,1 Emissions 10,1 9,4 8,9 8,6 8,5 8,7 9,1 9,2 Distance to target 0,2 0,5 0,5 0,4 0,0 -0,5 -0,9 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 0,2 0,7 1,2 1,6 1,6 1,1 0,2 Malta AEA 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 Emissions 1,1 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,4 1,4 1,4 Distance to target -0,1 -0,1 -0,1 -0,2 -0,3 -0,2 -0,2 Cumulative surplus of AEAs -0,1 -0,2 -0,3 -0,5 -0,8 -1,0 -1,2 Netherlands AEA 122,9 120,7 118,4 116,1 114,1 111,8 109,6 107,4 Emissions 127,8 108,3 97,9 101,1 101,3 102,3 99,7 100,2 Distance to target 14,7 22,8 17,3 14,8 11,7 12,1 9,4 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 14,7 37,5 54,8 69,6 81,3 93,4 102,8 Poland AEA 193,6 194,9 196,1 197,4 200,0 201,7 203,4 205,2 Emissions 180,0 186,1 181,5 186,8 198,7 211,5 213,0 206,9 Distance to target 7,5 13,3 9,4 -1,3 -11,5 -11,3 -3,4 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 7,5 20,9 30,2 29,0 17,4 6,1 2,7 Portugal AEA 49,3 49,6 49,9 50,1 47,9 48,3 48,7 49,1 Emissions 48,6 38,6 38,8 40,6 41,6 40,2 40,6 41,6 Distance to target 10,7 10,8 9,2 8,6 7,7 7,7 7,1 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 10,7 21,5 30,7 39,3 47,0 54,7 61,8 Romania AEA 75,6 77,5 79,3 81,1 84,1 86,0 87,9 89,8 Emissions 75,5 72,7 72,5 74,6 73,1 75,4 77,6 75,5 Distance to target 2,9 4,9 4,7 8,0 8,7 8,7 12,4 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 2,9 7,8 12,5 20,5 29,2 37,5 50,0 Slovakia AEA 24,0 24,4 24,7 25,1 25,0 25,3 25,6 25,9 Emissions 23,0 21,1 19,8 20,1 19,8 21,2 21,1 21,8 Distance to target 2,9 4,6 4,7 5,3 3,8 4,3 3,9 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 2,9 7,5 12,2 17,5 21,3 25,6 29,5 Slovenia AEA 12,3 12,4 12,4 12,4 12,2 12,2 12,3 12,3 Emissions 11,8 10,9 10,5 10,7 11,2 10,9 11,0 10,8 Distance to target 1,4 1,9 1,7 1,2 1,3 1,2 1,5 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 1,4 3,3 4,9 6,1 7,4 8,6 10,1 Spain AEA 227,6 225,6 223,7 221,8 218,3 216,3 214,3 212,4 Emissions 236,0 200,3 199,8 196,2 198,5 201,1 203,0 200,9 Distance to target 27,3 25,9 27,6 23,3 17,2 13,3 13,4 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 27,3 53,2 80,8 104,1 121,3 134,5 148,0 Sweden AEA 41,7 41,0 40,4 39,8 37,8 37,2 36,7 36,1 Emissions 43,5 35,3 34,5 33,9 32,6 32,5 31,4 30,5 Distance to target 6,4 6,5 6,5 7,2 5,3 5,8 6,2 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 6,4 12,9 19,4 26,6 31,9 37,7 43,8 United Kingdom AEA 358,7 354,2 349,7 345,2 360,4 357,2 354,1 350,9 Emissions 417,8 339,5 324,4 326,0 333,9 332,1 329,9 326,8 Distance to target 19,3 29,8 23,7 11,3 28,4 27,4 27,3 Cumulative surplus of AEAs 19,3 49,1 72,7 84,0 112,4 139,7 167,0