ddrg/super_eurlex huggingface dataset:
3.7.

Despite the agreement on refugees, Turkey has, under the rule of Recep Tayip Erdogan, not only moved far away from the EU politically, but also distanced itself more and more from the fundamental consensus of democratic states, making the country an increasingly problematic NATO partner. Tensions deliberately stoked in the eastern Mediterranean around the Greek islands and drilling off the coast of Cyprus, as well as Turkey’s role in parts of northern Syria occupied by Kurds, and in the Libyan war, have taken it further and further from the EU. Turkey’s withdrawal from the Istanbul Convention on protecting women from violence is a worrying political signal. Although EU accession — in any case a challenging and, at best, very long-term prospect — has receded ever further into the future, efforts are again under way to update the customs agreement, meet established criteria as a condition for progressive visa liberalisation, maintain high-level consultations and boost civil society contacts. It is worth noting that recent surveys show strong pro-European opinion among the Turkish public. But none of these things can happen until the Turkish government takes permanently effective action to underpin the desired de-escalation and rapprochement.
2.6.

Modernisation of the funding environment could also include broadening the scope and stepping up existing programmes. Given the common interest and the urgent need to combat climate change and its catastrophic consequences, the EESC also stresses the need for an improved funding method in the future. Even if a golden rule for green investments was to be — quite rightly — implemented, some Member States may still not have the capacity to raise the massive amounts of investment needed without jeopardising their fiscal sustainability. Therefore, the EESC also recommends considering Next Generation EU (NGEU) as a template for funding the Climate Adjustment Fund. Grants and/or loans from this fund should be unlocked on the condition that the Member State or region receiving them invests in tackling climate change or its consequences, for example by making subsequent investments in renewable and decarbonised energy. Any such policy measures must be linked to mandatory involvement of the social partners and civil society organisations and the partnership principle enshrined in cohesion policy must be respected.
No C 263/80 Official  Journal  of the European  Communities 17.11.75 
achieve  the aims  intended  and  will  be of only  limited 
help in the judicious  encouragement  of restructuring 
in sectors  whose  development  is desirable. 
4.2. In  view  of what  is at stake  and  the  difficult 
choices  to be made,  the  Community  should  have 
envisaged  not  a piecemeal  decision  of limited  scope 
and short-term  effect,  but  a comprehensive, 
purposeful  measure,  based  on a precise  definition  of 
the economic  and  social  goals  to be aimed  at and 
capable  of giving  the  European  Social  Fund  the means  of action  and  the reliability  needed  to make  it 
the instrument  of Community  social  policy  par 
excellence. 
Done  at Brussels,  25 June  1975. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic  and  Social  Committee 
Henri  CANONGE 
Opinion  on the proposal  for a Council  Regulation  fixing  the main  intervention  centres 
for oil seeds  for  the  1975/76  marketing  year  and  the  derived  intervention  prices 
applicable  in these  centres 
The text  referred  to the Committee  was  published  in Official  Journal  of the European 
Communities  No  C 145  of 28 June  1975,  page  2. 
A. LEGAL  BASIS  FOR  THE  OPINION 
On 5 June  1975,  the Council  referred  the abovementioned  proposal  to the Economic 
and Social  Committee  under  Article  198  of the  Treaty  establishing  the  European 
Economic  Community. 
B. OPINION  OF  THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE 
The Economic  and  Social  Committee  drew  up its Opinion  at its 131st  plenary  session, 
held in Brussels  on 25 and  26 June  1975. 
The Opinion  is published  below. 
THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE, 
Having  regard  to the  request  for an Opinion  made 
by the  Council  of the  European  Communities  on 
5 June  1975; 
Having  regard  to Article  198  of the EEC  Treaty; 
Having  regard  to the decision  taken  by its Chairman 
in accordance  with  the urgency  procedure  provided 
for in Articles  46 and  47 of the Rules  of Procedure, 
instructing  the Section  for Agriculture  to draw  up an 
Opinion  on the matter; 
Having  regard  to the draft  Opinion  submitted  by the 
Rapporteur,  Mr Schnieders; 
Having  regard  to the  Opinion  adopted  by  the 
Section  for  Agriculture  at its meeting  on 5 June 
1975; 
Having  regard  to the discussions  at its meeting  on 25 
June  1975  (131st  plenary  session  of 25 and  26 June 
1975), HAS  ADOPTED  THE  FOLLOWING  OPINION 
by a unanimous  vote: 
The Committee  approves  the  Commission's 
proposal. 
It points  out,  however,  that  the  intervention  price 
proposed  for  the  two  Danish  intervention  centres 
(Arhus  and  Copenhagen),  which  is calculated  in 
relation  to the  Hamburg  price,  does  not  appear  to 
allow  a sufficient  margin  for actual  transport  costs. 
The Committee  requests  that  the  Commission  and 
the Council  study  this  matter  closely  in the light  of 
the experience  gained  during  the  current  marketing 
year. 
Done  at Brussels,  25 June  1975. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic  and  Social  Committee 
Henri  CANONGE
7.3.77 Official  Journal  of the European  Communities No C 56/79 
Opinion  on the proposal  for a Council  Directive  amending  the Directive  of 15 March 
1976  on mutual  assistance  for the recovery  of claims  resulting  from  operations  forming 
part of the  system  of financing  the European  Agricultural  Guidance  and  Guarantee 
Fund,  and  of agricultural  levies  and  customs  duties 
Tihe text  referred  to the  Committee  has  been  published  in Official  Journal  of the 
European  Communities  No  C 249  of 22 October  1976,  page  3. 
A. LEGAL  BASIS  FOR  THE  OPINION 
On 19  October  1976,  the  Council  referred  the  abovementioned  proposal  to the 
Economic  and  Social  Committee  in accordance  with  Article  198  of the  Treaty 
establishing  the European  Economic  Community. 
B. OPINION  OF THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE 
The Economic  and  Social  Committee  prepared  its opinion  on the  above  matter  at its 
144th  plenary  session,  held  in Brussels  on 15 and  16 December  1976. 
The full  text  of the opinion  is as follows: 
THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE, 
Having  regard  to  the  Treaty  establishing  the 
European  Economic  Community,  and  in particular 
Article  198  thereof, 
Having  regard  to the  request  for  an opinion  made 
by the  Council  of the  European  Communities  on 
19 October  1976, 
Having  regard  to the  decision  taken  by its Bureau 
on 26 October  1976,  instructing  the  Section  for 
Agriculture  to prepare  the Committee's  work  on the 
matter, 
Having  regard  to its opinion  of 28 March  1973  on 
the proposal  for  a Council  Directive  on  mutual 
assistance  for the recovery  olf sums  paid  in error  in 
connection  with  the common  agricultural  policy  and 
of agricultural  levies  and  customs  duties  (J), 
Having  regard  to the  oral  report  made  by  the 
rapporteur,  Mr Lapie, 
Having  regard  to the  opinion  issued  by the  Section 
for Agriculture  at its meeting  of 2 December  1976, Having  regard  to the discussions  at its 144th  plenary 
session  held  on 15 and  16 December  1976  (meeting 
of 15 December  1976), 
HAS  UNANIMOUSLY  ADOPTED  THE  FOLLOWING 
OPINION: 
The Committee  approves  the Commission's  proposal 
and is pleased  to note  that  a specific  recommendation 
in its opinion  of 28 March  1973  has  now  been 
accepted. 
The Committee  nonetheless  deplores  the  fact  that 
it has  taken  the  Commission  more  than  three  years 
to take  up the  recommendation,  and  then  only  by 
issuing  an amendment  to the  basic  Directive,  even 
though  that  Directive  was  only  adopted  by  the 
Council  on 15 March  1976  (2). 
Done  at Brussels,  15 December  1976. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic  and  Social  Committee 
Basil  de FERRANTI 
o OJ  No C 69, 28. 8. 1973,  p. 3. (2) OJ  No L 73, 19. 3. 1976,  pp. 18 to 23.
10. 9. 79 Official  Journal  of the  European  Communities No C 227/35 
Opinion  on the  proposal  for  a Council  Directive  amending  Directive  74/150/EEC  on the 
approximation  of the  laws  of the  Member  States  relating  to the  type-approval  of wheeled 
agricultural  or forestry  tractors 
The text  referred  to the  Committee  has  been  published  in Official  Journal  of  the  European 
Communities  No  C 306  of 22 December  1978,  page  7. 
A. LEGAL  BASIS  FOR  THE  OPINION 
On 19 December  1978  the  Council  referred  the  abovementioned  proposal  to the  Economic 
and Social  Committee  in accordance  with  Article  100  of the Treaty  establishing  the European 
Economic  Community. 
B. OPINION  OF  THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE 
The Economic  and  Social  Committee  prepared  its opinion  on the  above  matter  at its 168th 
plenary  session  held  in Brussels  on 22 and  23 May  1979. 
The full  text  of the  opinion  is as follows: 
THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE, 
Having  regard  to the  Treaty  establishing  the  European 
Economic  Community,  and  in particular  Article  100 
thereof, 
Having  regard  to the  request  made  by the  Council  on 
19 December  1978  for  an opinion, 
Having  regard  to the  decision  taken  by its Bureau  on 
18 December  1978  instructing  the  Section  for  Industry, 
Commerce,  Crafts  and  Services  to draw  up an opinion  on 
the matter, 
Having  regard  to the  opinion  issued  by the  Section  for 
Industry,  Commerce,  Crafts  and  Services  at its meeting 
held  on 25 April  1979, 
Having  regard  to the  oral  report  submitted  by  the 
rapporteur,  Mr  Masprone, 
Having  regard  to the  discussions  at its 168th  plenary 
session  held  on 22 and  23 May  1979  (meeting  of 22 May 
1979), 
Done  at Brussels,  22 May  1979. HAS  ADOPTED  THE  FOLLOWING  OPINION 
unanimously: 
1. The  Committee  approves  the  Commission's 
proposal. 
2. It  would,  however,  take  this  opportunity  to draw 
the attention  of the  Commission  and  the  Council  to the 
need  to ensure  maximum  coordination  among  Member 
States'  authorities  so as to encourage  the  optimal  use  of 
existing  facilities  within  the  Community,  and  also  to the 
need  to ensure  that  the  type-approval  of vehicles  coming 
from  third  countries  is carried  out  under  satisfactory 
conditions. 
3. Furthermore,  the  Committee  asks  the  Commission 
and the  Council  to keep  in mind  the  importance  for  the 
Community  of obtaining  reciprocal  benefits  from  third 
countries  exporting  to the  Community  in accordance 
with  the  basic  principles  recognized  by GATT. 
4. In  addition,  it draws  the  Commission's  attention  to 
the fact  that  the  whole  range  of problems  in connection 
with  the  implementation  of a basic  Directive  should  be 
reviewed  whenever  it is amended.  In the  case  in hand, 
Article  1 (2) should  be amended  so as to make  it clear 
that the  Directive  applies  to tractors  with  at least  two 
axles. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic  and  Social  Committee 
Fabrizia  BADUEL  GLORIOSO
No C 230/36 Official  Journal  of the European  Communities 10. 9. 81 
Opinion  on the  proposal  for  a Council  Directive  concerning  the  Community  list  of 
less-favoured  farming  areas  within  the meaning  of Directive  75/268/EEC  (Greece) 
The text  referred  to the Committee  has not yet been  published  in the Official  Journal  of the 
European  Communities. 
A. LEGAL  BASIS  FOR  THE  OPINION 
On 9 June  1981  the Council  referred  the abovementioned  proposal  to the Economic  and Social 
Committee  in accordance  with  Article  198  of the Treaty  establishing  the European  Economic 
Community. 
B. OPINION  OF THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE 
The Economic  and  Social  Committee  prepared  its opinion  on the above  matter  at its 189th 
plenary  session  held  in Brussels  on 1, 2 and  3 July  1981. 
The full  text  of the opinion  is as follow: 
THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  COMMITTEE, 
Having  regard  to the Treaty  establishing  the European 
Economic  Community,  and  in particular  Article  198 
thereof, 
Having  regard  to the request  made  by the Council  of the 
European  Communities  on 9 June  1981  for an opinion  on 
the proposal  for  a Council  Directive  concerning  the 
Community  list of less-favoured  farming  areas  within  the 
meaning  of Directive  75/268/EEC  (Greece), 
Having  regard  to Articles  46, 47 and 48 of its own  Rules 
of Procedure, Having  regard  to its earlier  opinions  on this  matter, 
Having  regard  to the report  by the rapporteur  general, 
Mr Kolymvas, 
Having  regard  to the discussions  at its 189th  plenary 
session,  held  on 1,2  and  3 July  1981  (meeting  of 2 July 
1981), 
HAS ADOPTED  THE  FOLLOWING  OPINION 
unanimously: 
The Committee  endorses  the Commission  proposal. 
Done  at Brussels,  2 July  1981. 
The Chairman 
of the 
Economic  and  Social  Committee 
Tomas  ROSEINGRAVE
15.3.82 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 64/17 
Opinion on the proposal for a Council Regulation providing for special aid for raw tobacco 
following the earthquake in Italy in November 1980 and derogating from Article 12 (a) of 
Regulation (EEC) No 727/70 
The text referred to the Committee has been published in Official Journal of the 
European Communities No C 285 of 7 November 1981, page 6. 
A. LEGAL BASIS FOR THE OPINION 
On 5 November 1981 the Council referred the abovementioned proposal to the 
Economic and Social Committee in accordance with Article 43 of the Treaty 
establishing the European Economic Community. 
B. OPINION OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 
The Economic and Social Committee prepared its opinion on the above matter at its 
193 rd plenary session held in Brussels on 15 and 16 December 1981. 
The full text of the opinion is as follows 
THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the 
European Economic Community, and in particular 
Article 43 thereof, 
Having regard to the request made by the Council of 
the European Communities on 5 November 1981 for 
an opinion on the proposal for a Council Regulation 
providing for special aid for tobacco following the 
earthquake in Italy in November 1980 and 
derogating from Article 12 (a) of Regulation (EEC) 
No 727/70, 
Having regard to the decision taken by its chairman 
on 20 November 1981, instructing the Section for 
Agriculture to prepare work on the matter, 
Having regard to the opinion issued by the Section 
on 3 December 1981, 
Having regard to the oral report made by the 
rapporteur, Mr Rainero, 
Done at Brussels, 15 December 1981. 
Tomas ROSEINGRAVE Having regard to the discussions at its 193rd plenary 
session held on 15 and 16 December 1981 (session of 
15 December 1981), 
HAS ADOPTED THE FOLLOWING OPINION 
unanimously: 
1. The Committee approves the Commission's 
proposal which aims to partly rectify the economic, 
social and occupational repercussions of the 
earthquake on those working in the tobacco sector of 
the Campania region. 
2. The Committee trusts that the aid provided for 
under the draft Regulation will reach the growers 
concerned in the shortest possible time so as to help 
rebuild Campania's tobacco industry, which 
accounts for a large part of the country's output and 
constitutes a vital source of income for more than 
40 000 growers and 10 000 workers engaged in the 
processing and marketing of raw tobacco. 
The Chainnann 
of the Economic and Social Committee
No C 341/12 Official Journal of the European Communities 19. 12. 83 
Opinion on the proposal for a Council Regulation on interest subsidies for certain loans 
granted under the European Monetary System 
The text referred to the Committee has been published in Official Journal of the Euro­
pean Communities No C 163 of 22 June 1983, page 7. 
A. LEGAL BASIS FOR THE OPINION 
On 17 June 1983, the Council, acting under the optional consultation clause of the 
Treaty establishing the European Economic Community decided to ask the Economic 
and Social Committee for an opinion on the abovementioned matter. 
Procedure 
The Section for Economic and Financial Questions was instructed to draw up this opi­
nion and appointed Mr Jean Rouzier as rapporteur. 
The Section adopted its opinion unanimously at its meeting on 21 September 1983. 
B. OPINION OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 
The Economic and Social Committee prepared its opinion on the above matter at its 
210th plenary session held in Brussels on 28 and 29 September 1983. The opinion was 
adopted unanimously. 
The full text of the opinion is as follows: 
The Economic and Social Committee approves the 
Commission's proposal to extend for a further two 
years interest subsidies on structural Community 
loans to Ireland and Italy; the subsidies will amount 
in total to 400 000 000 ECU, divided into annual 
instalments of 200 000 000 ECU. 
In its opinions of 10 September 1979 and 12 
November 1982 (') the Committee has already 
approved similar provisions for the period 1979 to 
1983. The granting of interest subsidies of 3 % on 
NCI and EIB loans for financing infrastructure pro­
jects or programmes has proved to be an effective 
instrument for assisting the countries concerned. As the development gap between the Member States is 
as great as ever, there are sound reasons for continu­
ing the interest subsidies. 
The Committee would refer to its opinions on the 
use of the new Community instrument (2) and on 
the economic situation in the Community (mid-
1983) (3), it would stress the special importance 
which it attaches to the proposal's aim of improving 
the employment situation in the areas concerned, in 
addition to the contribution which it will make 
towards convergence between the Member States 
and to underpinning the Community's energy 
policy. 
Done at Brussels, 28 September 1983. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic and Social Committee 
Francis CEYRAC 
(') OJ No C 227, 
1982. 10.9. 1979 and OJ No C 296, 12. 11. (2) OJ No C 211, 8. 8. 1983. 
C) OJ No C 286, 24. 10. 1983, p. 4.
30. 1. 84 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 23/23 
Opinion on the proposal for a Council Directive amending Directive 64/432/EEC as 
regards brucellosis in respect of the buffered brucella antigen test, the 
micro-agglutination test and the milk ring test as applied to samples of milk from bulk 
tanks 
(84/C 23/10) 
The text referred to the Committee has not yet been published in the Official Journal 
of the European Communities. 
A. LEGAL BASIS FOR THE OPINION 
On 17 October 1983 the Council referred the abovementioned proposal to the Econo­
mic and Social Committee in accordance with Article 43 of the Treaty establishing the 
European Economic Community. 
B. OPINION OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 
The Economic and Social Committee prepared its opinion on the above matter at its 
212th plenary session held in Brussels on 23 and 24 November 1983. 
The full text of the opinion is as follows 
THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the Euro­
pean Economic Community, and in particular 
Article 43 thereof, 
Having regard to the request made by the Council 
of the European Communities on 17 October 1983 
for an opinion on the proposal for a Council Direc­
tive amending Directive 64/432/EEC as regards 
brucellosis in respect of the buffered brucella anti­
gen test, the micro-agglutination test and the milk 
ring test as applied to samples of milk from bulk 
tanks, 
Having regard to the decision taken by its chairman 
on 20 October 1983, ratified by the Bureau of the 
Committee on 25 October 1983, instructing the Sec­
tion for Agriculture to draw up the Committee's 
documents on the matter, 
Having regard to the opinion adopted by the Sec­
tion for Agriculture at its 247th meeting held on 
17 November 1983, 
Having regard to the oral report by the rapporteur, 
Mr Storiepugh, 
Done at Brussels, 23 November 1983. 
Francis CEYRAC Having regard to the discussions on 23 November 
1983 during the 212th plenary session held on 23 
and 24 November 1983, 
HAS ADOPTED THE FOLLOWING OPINION 
unanimously: 
The Committee welcomes and supports the mea­
sures and considers that these proposals, both on 
technical grounds and grounds of economy, will 
play a useful role in the more rapid diagnosis and 
control of brucellosis. 
In particular the Committee would stress that the 
monitoring of a herd by monthly bulk milk ring test­
ing is equally efficient and markedly cheaper than 
by blood sampling. 
When the methods of ring test are being described 
in the text, it should be made clear that 0,03 ml anti­
gen per ml. milk refers to bulk tank samples and 
that 0,05 ml refers to churn or individual samples. 
The Committee has some reservations in accepting 
twice per year testing as sufficient especially in situ­
ations of high risk. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic and Social Committee
No C 104/16 Official Journal of the European Communities 25. 4. 85 
Such studies could evaluate the effect on employment of the 
new Regulations on structural policy and in particular 
Regulation (EEC) No 2908/83 on restructuring and the 
modernization of vessels. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic and Social Committee 
Gerd MUHR 
Opinion on the proposal for a Council Regulation amending Regulation (EEC) No 1883/78 laying 
down general rules for the financing of intervention by the European Agricultural Guidance and 
Guarantee Fund, Guarantee Section (J) 
(85/C 104/08) 
On 13 December 1984 the Council decided to consult the Economic and Social Committee, under 
Articles 43 and 198 of the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, on the 
abovementioned proposal. 
The Section for Agriculture, which was responsible for preparing the Committee's work on the 
subject, adopted its opinion on 7 February 1985 in the light of the oral report by the rapporteur, Mr 
Flum. 
At its 224th plenary session (meeting of 27 February 1985), the Economic and Social Committee 
adopted the following opinion by a unanimous vote: 
1. Every effort on the part of the Commission to make sensible and warranted cuts in the 
Community's costs is welcomed in principle by the Committee. 
It is vital to give support to such moves in the Community's current economic, social and political 
climate. 
The Committee would point out, however, that in the final analysis, measures based solely on 
budgetary considerations are no adequate substitute for the structural measures which are 
required. 
2. After a detailed discussion and assessment of its various shortcomings the Committee approved 
the Commission proposal despite having serious misgivings. The proposal will, after all, save the 
Community about 30 million ECU each year. 
Done at Brussels, 27 February 1985. 
The Chairman 
of the Economic and Social Committee 
Gerd MUHR collaboration with representatives of the shipowners and 
fishermen, could help to clarify the employment problems or 
at least the disinclination of young people in many countries 
to enter this profession. 
Done at Brussels, 27 February 1985. 
0) OJNoC 13, 15. 1. 1985, p. 2.