COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMVIUNITIES 
COM(93) 416 final - SYN 436 
Brussels, 9 September 1993 
IJ 
n V "•' * 
M i Amended proposal for a 
CQUNCIL DIRECTIVE 
on Packaging and Packaging Waste 
(presented by the Commission pursuant to Article 149(3) 
of the EEC-Treaty) 
i.. — ^ 
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 
Pursuant to article 149(3) of the EEC Treaty, the Commission submits an 
amended proposal for a Council Directive on packaging and packaging 
waste^1). The amended proposal takes account of a number of 
amendments from the European Parliament adopted at its June 1993^2^ 
Plenary Session and from the Economic and Social Committee^3). 
The definitions for prevention, recycling, reusable packaging and 
economic operators have been made more precise and some other useful 
definitions for small packaging, biomethanization and composting have 
been introduced. 
The Commission has accepted Parliament's proposal to set a limit of 5 
years to attain the intermediate targets as this will contribute to 
harmonization and will provide an incentive to start important action 
from the outset. 
In addition the Commission accepts the mention in article 4 that Member 
States shall take action to promote the reuse of recycled packaging 
waste in the production of packaging . The Commission also finally 
decided not to accept the amendment on minimum proportion of recycled 
material as it is premature and would cause major problems for 
implementation and control. As an alternative approach, Article 12 on 
Standardization is amended in order to mention explicitly the setting 
up of standards for the minimum content of recycled material. 
The importance of the targets is also reinforced by the acceptance of 
the proposal concerning their publication in the Offical Journal and 
the information campaigns about them. 
The mention in Article 5 of small and medium sized enterprises is also 
accepted as this is important and reinforces the provisions already 
established in Article 8. 
A number of accepted amendments reinforce and clarify Article 6 on 
Markings, and it should be noted in particular that there is a new 
provision indicating that markings shall enter into force 
simultaneously. 
Article 15 on Freedom to place on the Market remains unchanged but its 
counterpart in Article 7 has been amended in order to make the two 
texts more parallel, so that the mention of packaging allowed to be 
placed on the market relates now to the Directive and not uniquely to 
Annex I I. 
The database constitutes an important pillar for the implementation of 
the Directive and accordingly it has been considered useful to accept 
the amendment on the requirement of information to all economic 
operators. 
(1) O.J. C263 of 12 October 1992 
(2) PE 173.750 (Minutes of the sitting of 24 June 1993) 
(3) O.J. C129 of 10 May 1993 
11 
The consumer is c&iied upon to play a key role for the successful 
Implementation of the ruunagumsnt systems. The amendant setting an 
upper limit of 2 years within which to take measures concerning 
consumer information has therefore bs»on accepted. 
The Commission has decided to follow the advice of the Parliament to 
reinforce Article 11 on economic instruments by making explicit mention 
of the avoidance of distortion of competition and obstacles to trade, 
and the criteria of causality, proportionality, non-discrimination, as 
well as compatibility with other tax legislation. At the same time it 
has been considered important to indicate the report to the Commission 
of these instruments as well as to state that they must take into 
account the "polluter pays" principle. 
The Commission accepts the amendment of the Parliament establishing 
individual limits for each heavy matai and a single time limit of 5 
years, but only the four metals included in the original Proposal are 
considered. 
The introduction of fully biodegradable packaging in the requirements 
for the recoverable nature of packaging constitutes an element which 
contributes to a more balanced scope for this management option. 
The Commission decided not to accept the amendment introducing a rigid 
hierarchy for waste management as the idea of a strategy is already 
established in the framework directive on waste and there is also a 
need to be flexible in order to be able to apply the most appropriate 
measures for the different particular conditions and preserve the 
principle of conditional equivalence between reusable and recoverable 
packaging. 
Amendments concerning the scope (Article 2) have been rejected by the 
Commission because a comprehensive approach is sought which covers all 
kinds of packaging and the particular problems related to some kinds of 
packaging are covered appropriately by the Committee procedures as 
indicated in Article 16 on Adaptation to Scientific and Technical 
Progress. 
The Commission rejected a number of amendments regarding the 
modification of targets and the Committees because the procedures 
proposed would be too rigid and there is a need for procedures which 
allow an effective implementation of the tasks required by this 
Di rect ive. 
As for the amendments concerning the information systems, they have not 
been accepted because, as indicated above, they form a basic element of 
the Directive as it is of vital importance to obtain information on the 
evolution within the sector, in particular to verify compliance with, 
and feasibility of, targets, and accordingly it is not appropriate to 
leave this issue pending for further evaluation by the Committee. 
A number of elements proposed by the Parliament in relation to economic 
instruments have not been accepted, either because they are considered 
to be premature at this stage, although the door is left open for a 
possible adoption by the Council in the future, or because, and this 
relates in particular to charges for incineration and landfill, it is 
considered that these basic issues should be dealt with in a more 
general context of waste management policies rather than within the 
framework of a sectorial provison. 
The amendments relating to third countries have been considered as 
unnecessary as the Directive applies to all packaging placed on the 
market In the Community and any specific problems should be solved at 
GATT level. 
The Commission is aware of the importance of consumer information and 
action in the field of research and development but is is not in a 
position to accept the corresponding amendments of the Parliament which 
would impose rigid constraints and would at the same time interfere 
with existing procedures already in force for these horizontal issues. 
The particular amendment on movements of packaging waste deals with a 
very sensitive question but it has been rejected because this is a 
general waste management problem where packaging constitutes only one 
element, and this Directive provides, as a whole, a contribution to a 
global solution to the problem. 
Finally, the Commission considers the amendment on restrictions of a 
number of substances as premature but the possibility to develop 
appropriate provisions in the future is left open. 
- .1 -
Amended Proposal for a 
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 
on Packaging and Packaging Waste 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, 
Having regard to die Treaty establishing the European 
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100a 
thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, 
In cooperation with the European Parliament, 
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social 
Committee, 
1. Whereas the communication from the Commission to 
the Council and to Parliament on a Community Strategy 
for Waste Management ('), adopted by the Council in 
its resolution of 7 May 1990 (2) underlines the following 
hierarchy for waste management: prevention first; 
recovery and in particular recycling, second, and final 
disposal only as a last resort; 
1a Whereas the best means of 
preventing the creation of 
packaging waste is to reduce 
the overall volume of 
packaging; 
1b. 
Whereas packaging waste contributes in a great 
proportion to the increase in the volume of waste and to 
the saturation of landfills and if not recovered and in 
particular not recycled, packaging waste presupposes a 
waste of raw materials and energy; Whereas, however, packaging 
has a vital social and 
economic function and whereas 
reducing the volume of 
packaging should not 
jeopardize the quality of the 
products and consumer health; 
(') SEQ89) 934 final, 18 September 1989. 
(2) OJ No C 122, 18. 5. 1990, p. 2. 
- 2 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Whereas Council Directive 85/339/EEC of 27 June 
1985 on containers of liquids for human 
consumption (3) was the first step in reducing the 
environmental impact of packaging and packaging 
waste; 
Whereas a sectoral or a one-sided approach is no longer 
justified and Community policy must be orientated 
towards all kinds of packaging waste whether it is 
released at industrial, commercial, office, shop, service 
or household level; whereas, therefore, Directive 
85/339/EEC should be replaced by a new directive 
with the widest possible scope; 
5. Whereas, as long as life-cycle assessments jusdfy no 
dear hierarchy, reusable packaging and recoverable 
packaging waste and in particular, recyclable packaging 
waste are to be considered as equal valid methods for 
reducing the environmental impact of packaging and 
this requires the setting up in the Member States of 
systems guaranteeing the return of used packaging 
and/or packaging waste; 
Whereas on the basis of several life-cycle assessments it 
can be stated that from an environmental point of view 
recycling must constitute an important part of recovery, 
mainly for the reason that energy and raw material 
requirements and discharges decrease if the waste is 
recycled and the processed material is used in new 
production processes; 
7. Whereas the current differences in national provisions 
concerning the management of packaging and 
packaging waste are liable to distort competition and 
affect the free movement of goods in the internal 
market, and give rise to differences in the level of 
protection of the environment; and whereas 
life-cvcle assessments should be 
completed as soon as possible to 
justify a clear hierarchy between 
reusable. recyclable and 
recoverable packaging; 
(') OJ No L 176, 6. 7. 1985, p. 18. 
- 3 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
9. Whereas it is necessary to approximate measures to be 
undertaken by Member States dealing with the 
management of packaging waste in order to contribute 
to the completion of the internal market, avoid obstacles 
to trade and distortion and restriction of competition 
within the Community and to ensure a high level of 
protection of the environment; 
Whereas, in order to contribute to the establishment and 
smooth functioning of the internal market, it appears 
necessary to harmonize national provisions concerning 
the management of packaging and packaging waste and 
this by the: Wheteas it is necessary lu 
approximate measures to be 
undertaken by Member States 
dealing with the management of 
packaging waste in order to 
contribute to the completion cf 
the internal market, avoid 
obstacles to trade and distorticn 
and restriction of compétition 
within the Community and to 
ensure a high level of protection 
of the environment and cf 
conswers; 
introduction of harmonized measures, 
definition of harmonized essential requirements and 
standards, and 
establishment of criteria with which national 
measures have to comply; 
10. Whereas the existence of different targets in Member 
States regarding the recovery and the recycling of 
packaging waste, can create unjustified barriers to trade 
and lead to distortion of competition; whereas it is 
therefore important to harmonize from now on such 
targets to be attained by the Member States, taking a 
high level of protection of the environment; introduction of measures to 
ensure that employment—is.—not 
-jeopardized and tike 
competitiveness of businesses is 
not undermined^ 
11. Whereas, in order to avoid obstacles to trade and 
distortion of competition, it is necessary to define the 
essential requirements as related to the composition and 
the nature of reusable and recoverable packaging; 
whereas the national provisions relating to the 
production and marketing of packaging and the 
management of packaging waste shall abide by these 
essential requirements; 11. Whereas, In order to avoid 
obstacles to trade and 
distortion of competition, It 
Is necessary to define the 
essential requirements as 
related to the composition 
and the nature of reusable 
and recoverable Including 
recyclable packaging; whereas 
the national provisions 
relating to the production 
and marketing of packaging 
and the management of 
packaging waste shall abide 
by these essential 
requirements; 
- 4 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
13. Whereas the need is felt that to reach the 
abovementioned objectives, quantified targets must be 
defined; 
14. Whereas the provisions of this Directive should 
contribute to maintaining and improving upon the level 
of reuse, recycling and recovery of packaging and 
packaging waste which has been achieved at the time of 
implementation of this Directive; 
15. Whereas it is necessary to minimize the total impact on 
the environment of packaging and packaging waste, 
taking into account not only quantitative but also 
qualitative aspects and chemical composition; 11a. Whereas, .to. 
achievement faclIitate the 
of this 
Direct ive's 
may be objectives. it 
necessary to use 
economic instruments ; whereas 
such incentives should be 
used in accordance with the 
provisions of the Treaty in 
order to avoid new forms of 
protect ion ism; 
12. Whereas it is necessary that the return systems to be set 
up shall be designed in such a way as to avoid barriers to 
trade and distortion of competition; 12. Whereas it is necessary that the 
recovery and return systems to 
be set up shall be designed in 
such a way as to avoid barriers 
to trade and distortion of 
competition and to guarantee the 
maximum possible return ©f 
packaging and packaging waste; 
16. Whereas the presence of noxious metals in packaging is 
part of the total concern in the light of their likely 
presence in emissions or ash when packaging is 
incinerated, or in leachate when packaging is landfilled; 
whereas it is desirable as a first step to reduce the toxicity 
of packaging waste to avoid the addition of the noxious 
heavy metals to packaging; 16. Whereas the presence of noxious 
metals and other substances in 
packaging should be limited in 
view of their environmental 
impact ( in particular in the 
light of their likely presence 
in emissions or ash when 
packaging is incinerated, or in 
leachate when packaging is land-
filledl; whereas it is 
essential as a first step 
towards reducing the toxicity of 
packaging waste, to prevent the 
addition of the noxious heavy 
metals to packaging and ensure 
that such substances are not 
released into the environment; 
- 5 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
17. Whereas Community markings are needed to indicate 
the reusable and/or recoverable nature of packaging 
and for the identification of the nature of the packaging 
material in order to inform consumers, communities 
and industrial operators of the correct way to deal with 
used packaging and packaging waste, to facilitate 
collection, sorting, reuse and recovery activities and to 
avoid obstacles to trade; 17. Whereas a limited number of 
Community markings, easlIv 
recoan i zabIe for consumers. 
are needed to indicate the 
reusable and/or recoverable 
Including recyclable nature 
of packaging and for the 
identification of the nature 
of the packaging material in 
order to Inform consumers, 
communities and industrial 
operators of the correct way 
to deal with used packaging 
and packaging waste, to 
facilitate collection, 
sorting, reuse, and recovery 
including reeve I ino 
activities and to avoid 
obstacles to trade-, 
Whereas the need for Community-wide data on the 
volume, weight and type of packaging and packagir 
waste has to be recognized in order to evaluate tni 
achievement of objectives, the effectiveness of measures 
and to enable further initiatives to be taken with respect 
to the packaging waste problem; 17a. Whereas, to promote recycling 
objectives and prevent 
distortion of competition and 
trade in the Community, 
markets in recycled packaging 
materials must be developed 
and expanded 
17b. Whereas the inclusion gjt 
recycled mater I a I 
packaging should _..Jn 
not 
contradict existIno 
provisions on hygiene, health 
and consumer safety-. 
19. Whereas the consumer plays a key role in the 
management of packaging and packaging waste and 
thus has to be adequately informed in order to adapt his 
behaviour and attitude; whereas it is essential that 
enterprises become more conscious of the extent to 
which their products and packaging become waste, and 
that they accept responsibility for such waste and that 
the development and implementation of measures shall 
involve and require the close cooperation of all the 
partners within a spirit of shared responsibility; 
- 6 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
20. Whereas Member States shall take into account, when 
adopting measures to implement this Directive, the 
problems which will result for small and medium-sized 
enterprises (SMEs), on condition th*( this does npt 
affect the provisions of this Directive or of Community 
law; 
;ates and the 
Commission, when adopting measures to 
aoolv this Directive, must take into 
account the special nature of islands 
in the Community as regards the sire 
of tft?market and the economic cost 
Çf tri 
21. Whereas economic instruments can have a considerable 
impact on the management of packaging waste by 
promoting and funding more environmentally sound 
practices; 21. Whereas economic instruments 
will have a considerable 
positive impact on the 
management of packaging and 
packaging waste by promoting and 
finding more environmentally 
sound practices; 
21a. Whereas, in order to achieve 
the objectives of £hifi 
Directive. 
should take steps to encourage 
research and development: 
22. Whereas, in order to avoid discrimination, the measures 
taken by Member States to achieve the objectives must 
be integrated into a policy which covers all packaging 
and packaging waste and is not limited to any specific 
type of packaging or packaging material, a product or 
category of products; 
22a, 
ir_§tfites_j 
part of a Community 
strategy that takes a< 
their environmental. social, 
regional and industrial impact 
in order to prevent distort ton 
of competition and disparities, 
between the various_JCotaaunlty. 
Member States with^gesj 
waste management; 
22b. Whereas a directive on 
packaging waste should also 
existing Community standards 
relating to waste ancLof 
future developments in 
Community 
- 7 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
23. Whereas the Commission must be assisted by a technical 
committee in order to adapt the provisions and the 
Annexes to the directive on scientific and technical 
progress; 
24. Whereas drafts of measures to be taken by Member 
States should be notified to the Commission so that it 
can be established whether or not they comply with the 
directive, and to request, if necessary, that the 
introduction of such measures, or part of them, be 
postponed; whereas such notification and examination 
is without prejudice to the obligations of the Member 
States pursuant to the Treaty and other relevant 
Community legislation; 
25. Whereas the work for the purpose of amending Council 
Directive 83/189/EECO), as last amended by 
Commission Decision 90/230/EEC (*), must be 
accelerated in order to permit the coverage of 
notification arising from the scope of this Directive; 
26. Whereas for all the reasons referred to above it appears 
necessary for the Community, whilst limiting itself to 
what is strictly necessary, to adopt the appropriate 
harmonization measures, 26. Whereas for all the reasons 
referred to above it appears 
necessary for the Community, In 
accordance with the principle of 
subsidiarity. to adopt & 
framework for the appropriate 
harmonization measures. 
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE 
Article 1 
Objectives 
This Directive aims to harmonize national measures 
concerning the management of packaging and packaging 
waste in order to reduce their impact on the environment, to 
contribute to the completion and functioning of the internal 
market and to avoid obstacles to trade and distortion and 
restriction of competition within the Community. 
JD attain these objectives this Directive establishes targets 
"•and the essential requirements which packaging must meet, 
and provides for measures for the prevention of the 
production of packaging waste and for the promotion of 
return, reuse and recovery operations relating to packaging 
and packaging waste in order to ensure public health and the 
protection of the environment. 
(') OJ No L 109, 26. 4. 1983, p. 8. 
(') OJ No I. 128, 18. 5. 1990, p. 15. 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Article 2 
Scope 
This Directive covers all packaging placed on the market in 
the Community and all packaging waste, whether it is used or 
released at industrial; commercial, office, shop, service or 
household level, regardless of the materials used and whether 
it concerns primary, secondary or tertiary packaging. 
This Directive shall apply without prejudice to the provisions 
of Council Directive 91/689/EEC of 12 December 1991 
concerning hazardous waste (*). 
Article 3 
Definitions 
For die purpose of this Directive: 
(a) with respect to packaging classification: 
1. 'packaging* means all products made of any 
materials of any nature to be used for the 
containment, protection, handling, delivery and 
presentation of goods, from raw materials to 
processed goods, from die producer to die user or 
the consumer. Disposables used for the same 
purpose are to be considered as packaging too; 
2. 'sales packaging or primary packaging* means any 
packaging conceived so as to constitute a sales unit 
to die final user or consumer at the point of 
purchase; 
3. 'grouping packaging or secondary packaging' means 
any packaging conceived so as to constitute at the 
point of purchase a grouping of a certain number of 
sales units whether the latter is sold as such to the 
final user or consumer or whether it serves only as a 
means to replenish the shelves at the point of sale; it 
can be removed from the product without affecting 
its characterstics; 
4. 'transport packaging or tertiary packaging' means 
any packaging conceived so as to facilitate handling 
and transport of a number of sales units or grouped 
packagings in order to prevent physical handling 
and transport damage; 
4a. 'small packaging' means primary 
packaging whose volume is not 
more than 100 cm and whose 
weight is not more than 3 
grammes; 
(J) OJ No L 377, 31. 12. 1991, p. 20. 
- 9 -
ORIGINAL TEXT 
(b) with respect to packaging waste: 
1. «used packaging* means the packaging itself left over 
once it has been emptied or the product has been 
unpacked; 
2. 'packaging waste' means any packaging or 
packaging material covered by the definition of 
waste in Council Directive 75/442/EEC (4); 
3. 'packaging waste management* means the 
management of waste as defined in Directive 
75/442/EEC; 
4. 'prevention' means the reduction of the quantity 
and/or the harmfulness of waste at production 
processes level and at product level; 
'recovery* means any of the applicable operations 
provided for in Annex II.B to Directive 
75/442/EEC; AMENDED TEXT 
4. 'prevention* means the reduction 
of the quantity and/or the 
harmfulness of materials used» 
packaging and packaging waste at 
production processes level and at 
the marketing, distribution. 
utilization and elimination 
stages, in particular by 
developing 'clean1 products and 
technology. 
'recycling* means the recovery of the waste materials 
for the original purpose or for other purposes 
excluding energy recovery; recycling means also 
regeneration and composting; 6. 'recyclIng' 
recovery 
materials 
purpose or 
excluding 
recyclIng 
compostIng, 
btomethanlzatlon; means the 
of the waste 
for the original 
for other purposes 
energy recovery; 
means a I so 
regeneration and 
7. 'disposal' means any of the applicable operations 
provided for in Annex II.A to Directive 
75/442/EEC; 6a. 'bioraethanization' means the 
anaerobic treatment of packaging 
waste, which produces biomethane 
and soil. 
6b. 'composting' means the anaerobic 
treatment of the organic parts 
fif packaging waste. which 
produces soil. 
(«) OJ No L 194, 25. 7. 1975, p. 39. 
10 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
(c) with respect to packaging management: 
1. 'returnable packaging* means any packaging whose 
return from the consumer or final user is assured by 
specific means, (separate collection, deposits, etc.), 
independently of its final destination, in order to be 
reused, recovered, or subject to specific waste 
management operations; 
2. 'non-returnable' packaging means any packaging 
for which no specific provisions for their return 
from the consumer or final user are established; 
3. 'reusable packaging' means any packaging which 
has been conceived and designed to accomplish 
within its life cycle a number of trips or rotations in 
order to be refilled or reused for the same purpose 
for which it was conceived; such packaging will 
become packaging waste when no longer subject to 
reuse; 3. 'reusable packaging* means any 
packaging which has been 
conceived and designed to 
accomplish within its life cycle 
a minimum number of trips or 
rotations in order to be refilled 
or reused for the same purpose 
for which it was conceived, with 
or without the support p_f_ 
auxiliary products present on the 
market enabling the packaging to 
be refilled: such packaging will 
become packaging waste when no 
longer subject to reuse, 
4. 'one-way packaging' means any packaging not being 
used more than once for the same purpose; 
(d) 'economic operators' in relation to packaging means 
suppliers of packaging materials, packaging producers 
and converters, fillers and users, traders and 
distributors. (d) 'economic operators* in relation 
to packaging means suppliers of 
packaging materials, packaging 
producers and converters, 
fillers and users, importers. 
traders and distributors^, 
authorities and statutory 
organizations 
processing of packaging. 
- 11 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Article 4 
Targets 
1. In order to comply with the objectives of this Directive, 
Member States shall take measures to attain the following 
targets: 
(a) regarding recovery of packaging waste: no later than 10 
years from the date by which this Directive must be 
implemented in national law, 90% by weight of the 
packaging waste output will be removed from the waste 
stream for the purpose of recovery. Within this general 
recovery target, and with the same time limit, 60 % by 
weight of each material of the packaging waste output 
shall be removed from the waste stream for the purpose 
of recycling; 1. In order to comply with the 
objectives of this Directive, Member 
States shall take measures to attain 
the following targets: 
(a) regarding recovery of packaging 
waste: 
- no later than 5 years from the 
date bv which this Directive 
must be implemented in 
national law. 60% bv weight of 
the packaging waste output 
should be removed from the 
waste stream for the purpose 
of recovery. Within this 
general recovery target, and 
with the same time limit. 40% 
bv weight of each material of 
the packaging waste output 
should be removed from the 
waste stream for the purpose 
of recycling, and has to be 
recycled, 
no later than 10 years from 
the date by which this 
Directive must be implemented 
in national law, 90% by weight 
of the packaging waste output 
will be removed from the waste 
stream for the purpose of 
recovery. Within this general 
recovery target, and with the 
same time limit, 60% by weight 
of each material of the 
packaging waste output shall 
be removed from the waste 
stream for the purpose of 
recycling, and has to be recycled; 
la. The Member States shall take 
action to promote the reuse—of. 
recycled packaging waste in fche 
production of packaging^ 
- 12 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
(b) regarding minimization of final disposal of packaging 
waste: no later than 10 years from the date by which this 
Directive must be implemented in national law, final 
disposal of the packaging waste output will be limited to 
the residues of the collection and sorting activities, with 
a limitation to not more than 10°o by weight of the 
packaging waste output. (b) regarding minimization of 
final disposal of packaging 
waste: no later than 10 years 
from the date by which this 
Directive must be implemented 
in national law, final 
disposal of the packaging 
waste output will be limited 
to the residues of the 
collection and sorting 
activities, with a limitation 
to not more than 10% by weight 
of the packaging waste output. 
2. Member .States shall specify in the 
chapter on the management of 
packaging waste of their waste 
management plans as indicated in 
Article 10. intermediate targe 
recovery. recycling and 
disposal of packaging waste. They 
shall also specify in this chapter at 
which time the following targe 
be attained simultaneously: Deleted 
- removal of 60% bv weight of the 
packaging waste output from the 
waste stream for the purpose of 
recovery, 
- removal of 40% by weight of each 
material of the packaging waste 
output from the waste stream _f_or 
the purpose of recycling. 
This information must be provided_in 
the first report to the Commission as 
required in Article 14, 
2a. The measures and target figures 
mentioned in the preceding paragraphs 
shall be published bv the Member 
journals and shall be the subject of 
an information campai< 
general public and economic a< 
13 -
ORIGINAL TEXT 
3. If scientific research, or any other evaluation 
technique, such as eco-balances, prove that other recovery 
processes show greater environmental advantages, the 
targets for recycling can be modified in accordance with the 
procedure laid down in Article 17. 
Also on the basis of scientific research and of the progress 
achieved in the Member States, the Commission shall 
re-examine the targets fixed in this Article, and shall within 
sue years from the date by which this Directive must be 
implemented in national law, adopt any appropriate 
measures in accordance with the procedure laid down in 
Article 17. AMENDED TEXT 
Article 5 
Return and management systems 
1. Member States shall take the necessary measures to 
ensure that, within five years from the date by which this 
Directive must be implemented in national law, systems are 
set up to: 
(a) provide for the return of all used packaging and/or all 
packaging waste from the consumer or other final user 
in order to channel it to the most appropriate 
management alternatives; 
(b) ensure that the used packaging and/or packaging waste 
collected is effectively reused or recovered. 
These systems shall ensure the coverage of imported products 
under non-discriminatory conditions and shall be designed in 
such a way that there are no barriers to trade or distonions of 
competition. 1. Member States shall take the 
necessary measures to ensure that, 
within five years from the date by 
which this Directive must be 
implemented in national law, systems 
are set up to: 
(a) provide for the return of all 
used packaging and/or all 
packaging waste from the 
consumer or waste stream or 
other final user in order 
to channel it to the most 
appropriate management 
alternatives; 
(b) ensure that the used packaging 
and/or packaging waste 
collected is effectively 
reused or recovered including recycled; — -
These systems shall ensure the 
coverage of imported products under 
non-discriminatory procedures and 
conditions including the tariffs 
imposed for access to the system and 
shall be designed in such a way that 
there are no barriers to trade or 
distortions of competition. 
2. The measures referred to in paragraph 1 shall form 
part of a policy covering all packaging and packaging waste 
and shall take into account, in particular: consumer 
protection, health, safety and sanitary requirements; 
protection of the quality, the authenticity and the technical 
characteristics of the packed good and materials used as well 
as industrial and commercial property rights. 
- 14 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
3. The return and management systems set up in the 
different Member States, in accordance with the provisions 
of this Directive, shall be considered and recognized as 
equivalent throughout the whole Community and 
participation in such systems shall be open to the economic 
operators of the sectors concerned. The return and management systems set 
up in different Member States, in 
accordance with the provisions of 
this Directive, shall be considered 
and recognized as equivalent 
throughout the whole Community and 
participation in such systems shall 
be open to all economic operators of 
the sectors concerned, special 
account to be taken of anv particular 
problems facing small and medium-
sized enterprises. 
Article 6 
Marking 
1. To facilitate the reuse and recovery of packaging and 
packaging waste, Member States shall take the necessary 
measures to ensure that, within five years from the date by 
which this Directive must be implemented in national law, all 
packaging shall comply with the marking provisions laid 
down in this Ardde and in Annex I. Packaging shall bear 
the appropriate marking(s) either on the packaging itself or 
on the label. 
2. All reusable and recoverable packaging shall bear the 
mark(s) shown in Annex I. Fixing these marks on a 
packaging means that: 
— the used packaging waste is subject to established return 
and management systems, 
— the packaging itself and the provisions for the 
management of used packaging and packaging waste 
comply with the provisions of this Directive and the 
essential requirements referred to in Article 7 and 
described in Annex II. To facilitate the reuse and 
recovery Including recycling 
of packaging and packaging 
waste, Member States shall 
take the necessary measures to ensure 
that, within five years from the date 
by which this Directive must be 
implemented in national law, all 
packaging shall comply with the 
marking provisions laid down in this 
Article and in Annex I. Packaging 
shall bear the appropriate marking/s 
either on the packaging itself or on 
the label. Such marking shall be 
appropriately durable having regard 
to whether the packaging is reusable 
or recoverable. Anv future EC eco-
label for packaging will be 
harmonized with the measures adopted 
as a result of this Directive. 
2a. The Member States shall ensure 
that the marking is clearly visible* 
legible and lasting and that it is 
maintained when the packaging is 
opened. 
- 15 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED 1EX1 
3. To facilitate return, reuse and recovery, packaging 
shall indicate, when needed for its identification and 
classification, the nature of the packaging material(s) used, in 
accordance with the identification system described in 
Annex I. The numbering and abbreviations on which the 
identification system is based shall be determined by the 
Commission, in accordance with the procedure set out in 
Article 17 not later than 12 months after the adoption of this 
Direcrive. It shall decide which materials shall be subject 
to the identification system, in accordance with the same 
procedure. To facilitate return, reuse 
and recovery ... Including 
recycling, packaging shaI ! 
indicate, when needed for its 
identification and classification, 
the nature of the packaging 
material/s used, in accordance with 
the identification system described 
in Annex I. The numbering and 
abbreviations on which the 
identification system is based shall 
be determined by the Commission, in 
accordance with the procedure set out 
in Article 17 not later than 12 
months after the adoption of this 
Directive. It shall decide which 
materials shall be subject to the 
identification system, in accordance 
with the same procedure. 
4. In order to inform the consumer or final user whether 
or not the packaging is made of recycled material, such 
packaging may bear the mark shown in Annex I. 
5. Member States shall take the necessary measures to 
ensure that any markings other than those set out in Annex I, 
intending to serve the same purpose, shall be prohibited. The 
marks set out in Annex I may not be used for any purposes 
other than those envisaged in this Article. 
6. The Commission shall, in accordance with the 
procedure set out in Article 17, no later than 12 months after 
the adoption of this Directive, adopt the markings required 
by this Article and which comply with criteria of visual 
perceptability, readability and understanding by the 
European consumer. 6. The Commission shall, in 
accordance with the procedure set out 
in Article 17, no later than 12 
months after the adoption of this 
Directive, adopt the markings 
required by this Article and which 
are clearly visible, legible and 
lasting and that U is ma inta ined 
when the packaging is opened and 
is comprehensiblefor the European 
consumer. 
7. By the procedure set out in Article 17 the Commission 
shall decide to what extent derogations from the marking 
provisions will be needed. 
8. The Commission shall draw up, in accordance with the 
procedure set out in Article 17, the detailed rules for the 
marking system. These rules shall be published in the Official 
journal of the European Communities. 
9. The requirements referred to in paragraphs 1 to 8 shall 
be applied without prejudice to other marking or labelling 
schemes, set up at Community level, for health, security, 
environmental protection or consumer information 
purposes. The markinqs descr ibed in Annex I 
sha I I enter into force 
simultaneous I y^ 
- 16 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
10. The provisions of this Article are without prejudice to 
the possibility that the markings described in it can be used by 
economic operators on materials and products other than 
packaging for analogous purposes, as long as they are 
effectively reusable, recoverable or made out of recycled 
material; their use shall be communicated to and approved 
by the competent authorities. 
11. Member States shall take the necessary measures to 
ensure: 
— the provisions of information on the purpose and 
application of all the markings, 
— that proper use of the markings by economic operators is 
verified. 
Article 7 
Essential requirements 
1. Member States shall take all appropriate measures to 
ensure that packaging may be placed on the market only if it 
complies with the essential requirements set out in 
Annex II. 
2. Member States shall presume compliance with the 
requirements set out in Annex II in the case of packaging 
which is in conformity: 
(a) with the relevant harmonized standards, the reference 
numbers of which have been published in the Official 
journal of the European Communities. Member States 
shall publish the reference numbers of national 
standards transposing these harmonized standards; 
(b) with the relevant national standards referred to in 
paragraph 3 in so far as, in the areas covered by such 
standards, no harmonized standards exist. 
3. Member States shall communicate to the Commission 
the text of their national standards, as referred to in 
paragraph 2 (b), which they regard as complying with the 
requirements referred to in this Article. The Commission 
shall forward such texts forthwith to the other Member 
States. 
Member States shall publish the references of these 
standards. The Commission shall ensure that they are 
published in the Official journal of the European 
Communities. 1. Member States shall take all 
appropriate measures to ensure that 
packaging may be placed on the market 
only if it complies with the 
essential requirements set out in 
this Directive.^ 
4. Where a Member State or the Commission considers 
that the standards referred to in paragraph 2 do not entirely 
meet the essential requirements referred to in paragraph 1, 
the Commission or the Member States concerned shall bring 
the matter before the Committee set up by Directive 
H \/ 1H9/M-.C giving the reasons therefor. The Committee 
shall deliver an opinion without delay. In the light of the 
Committee's opinion, the Commission shall inform Member 
States whether or not it is necessary to withdraw those 
standards from publications referred to in paragraphs 2 
and 3. 
- 17 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Article 8 
Information systems 
1. Member States shall take the necessary measures to 
ensure that databases on packaging and packaging waste 
shall be established in order to enable Member States and the 
Commission to develop packaging and packaging waste 
management policies. For reasons of efficiency the required 
data may cover other components of a particular waste 
stream. 
2. The databases shall serve the following purposes: 
— to provide information on the magnitude, characteristics 
and evolution of the packaging and packaging waste 
flows at the level of individual Member States. 
— to provide information on the economic parameters 
related to packaging and packaging waste 
management, 
— to provide information in order to be able to re-examine 
targets, to design the most appropriate measures to attain 
them and to evaluate their effectiveness. 
3. To harmonize the characteristics and presentation of 
the data produced and to make the data of the Member States 
compatible, the databases shall be based on the formats 
described in Annex III. 
4. Member States shall take into account the particular 
problems of small and medium-sized enterprises in providing 
detailed data. 
Member S_ta±gg shall require 
economic all 
to .operators involved 
provide the^competent, authorities 
with reliable data onJ:heir_sector as 
required bv this Article. 
5. The data obtained shall be made available for the first 
time three years after the date by which this Directive must be 
implemented in national law and shall be updated every three 
years. The results shall be communicated to the Commission 
in accordance with the reporting procedures set out in 
Article 14. 
Article 9 
Consumer information 
Member States shall take measure to ensure that consumers 
and other users are informed about the advantages of using 
reusable and recoverable packaging, about the meaning of 
the markings on packaging, about the return systems 
available for them to dispose of their used packaging and of 
packaging waste, and about the existing management plans 
for packaging as referred to in Article 10. Member States shall take measures.,. 
within two years of the entry into 
force of this Directive, to ensure 
that consumers and other users are 
informed about the advantages of 
using reusable and recoverable 
packaging, about the meaning of the 
markings on packaging, about the 
return systems available for them to 
dispose of their used packaging and 
of packaging waste, and about the 
existing management plans for 
packaging as referred to in /article 
10. 
- 18 
ORIGINAL TEXT 
Article 10 
Management plans 
1. Pursuant to the objectives and measures referred to in 
this Directive, Member States shall include in their waste 
management plans required by Article 7 of Directiv* 
75/442/EEC a specific chapter on the management ...j:.0 
packaging and packaging waste. 
2. The chapter referred to in paragraph 1 shall indude: 
— the intermediate and final objectives and targets to be 
achieved, 
— the measures to be adopted, which might be of a 
technical, economic or organizational character, 
— the justification of the measures adopted or of any 
modification of the targets as considered in the provisions 
of this Directive. 
Article 11 
Economic instruments 
Economic instruments may be adopted by Member States, in 
accordance with the provisions of the Treaty, to promote t' 
objectives of this Directive. AMENDED TEXT 
1. The Council, on the basis of a 
proposal from the Commission, 
adopts economic instruments. In 
the absence of measures at 
Community level. Member States may 
adopt them in accordance with the 
provisions of the Treaty, to 
attain the objectives of this 
Directive. Economic instruments 
should be used to promote these 
oblect ives. 
2. Economic instruments may not give 
rise to distortions of competition or 
create obstacles to the marketing of 
and trade in packaging and packaged 
goods bv complying with the following 
criteria: 
there must be a clear link 
between the measures adopted and 
the aim being pursued. The 
measures shall be proportionate 
to the objectives to be achieved 
and their effectiveness 
controllable: 
- thev shall apply 
distinction in both form 
substance to without 
and 
all 
operators and economic 
shall not 
discriminate against particular 
types of packaging or packaging 
material or against particular 
products or a category of 
products: 
19 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
economic instruments should be 
easy to operate and n°f demand 
too much administration: thev 
should not clash with Community 
legislation on tax harmonization 
3. The Member States shall report 
to the Commission on the economic 
instruments they have implemented 
to comply with this Directive. 
Where the instruments _ incjude 
be notified 
to Article 
93(3) of the Treaty. The 
Instruments must take into account 
the 'polluter pays' principle. State aid, they must 
in advance pursuant 
Article 12 
Standardization 
The Commission shall promote, as appropriate, the 
elaboration of European standards relating in particular 
to: 
— dimensions and shapes of packaging for agreed produas 
in order to facilitate their reuse and rationalize and 
optimize management alternatives, 
— modular distribution packaging for transport and 
distribution, 
— product specifications for the use of recycled materials in 
the manufacturing of packaging and other products, 
— criteria and methodology for life-cycle analysis on 
packaging. The Commission shall promote, as 
appropriate, the elaboration of 
European standards relating in 
particular to: 
dimensions and shapes of 
packaging for agreed products 
in order to facilitate their 
reuse and rationalize and 
optimize management 
alternat ives, 
modular 
packaging for 
distr ibut ion, distr ibut ion 
transport and 
product specifications for 
the use of. and when 
appropriate minimum content 
level for, recycled materials 
in the manufacturing of 
packaging and other products, 
criteria and methodology for 
life-cycle analysis on 
packaging. 
reoui rements 
>m for JLhe 
ilitv of packaging. 
- 20 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Article 13 
Notification 
1. Without prejudice to Directive 83/189/EEC, before 
adopting such measures, Member States shall notify the 
drafts of measures which they intend to adopt within the 
framework of this Directive to the Commission, in order to 
permit the latter to examine them in the light of existing 
provisions and, where appropriate, to ask Member States to 
suspend their adoption. 
2. If the proposed measure is also a technical matter 
within the meaning of Directive 83/189/EEC, the Member 
State concerned may indicate, when following the 
notification procedures referred to in this Directive, that the 
notification is equally valid for Directive 83/189/EEC. 
Article 14 
Obligation to report 
Every three years, and for the first time on 1 April of the third 
year after the date by which this Directive must be 
implemented in national law, Member States shall send the 
Commission a report on the measures taken to implement 
this Directive. This report shall be based on a questionnaire, 
drawn up in accordance with the procedure referred to in 
Article 17, which the Commission shall send to the Member 
States six months before the said date. 
On the basis of these reports, the Commission shall publish a 
consolidated report every three years, and for the first time 
on 1 April of the following year. 
Existing provisions 
Article IS Member States shall 
the Commission all 
regulations and 
provisions adopted communical 
existing laws, 
administrative 
or conclt 
within the scope of this Directive. 
Freedom to place on the market 
Member States shall not impede the placing on the market on 
their territory of packaging which satisfies the provisions of 
this Directive. Member States shall not 
impede the placing on the market on 
their territory of packaging which 
satisfies the provisions of this 
Direct ive. nor the use of the 
recovery procedures for gucli 
packaging laid down in the Directive. 
- 21 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Article 16 
Adaptation to scientific and technical progress 
The amendments necessary for adapting the provisions of 
this Directive to scientific and technical progress shall be 
adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in 
Article 17. 
This procedure shall also be applicable for amendments 
which need to be made to the provisions of this Directive 
applicable to primary packaging for medical devices and 
pharmaceutical products. The provisions relating to such 
packaging shall take into account the safety, performance 
and quality requirements which must be satisfied by them, in 
accordance with the provisions of Community law. 
In addition, the Commission, in accordance with the same 
procedure, shall adopt the measures necessary to deal with 
any difficulties encountered in applying the provisions of this 
Directive to small packaging. 
Article 17 
Committee procedure 
The Commission shall be assisted by a committee of an 
advisory nature composed of the representatives of the 
Member States and chaired by the representatives of the 
Commission. 
The representative of the Commission shall submit to the 
committee a draft of the measures to be taken. The 
committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft, within a time 
limit which the chairman may lay down according to the 
urgency of the matter, if necessary by taking a vote. 
The opinion shall be recorded in the minutes; in addition, 
each Member State shall have the right to ask to have its 
position recorded in the minutes. 
The Commission shall take the utmost account of the 
opinion delivered by the committee. It shall inform the 
committee of the manner in which its opinion has been taken 
into account. 
- 22 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Article 18 
Implementation in national law 
Member States shall adopt and publish the laws, regulations 
and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this 
Directive by . . . (')• They shall immediately inform the 
Commission thereof. 
When Member States adopt these provisions, these shall 
contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied 
by such reference at the time of their official publication. The 
procedure for such reference shall be adopted by Member 
States. 
Article 19 
Directive 85/339/EEC is hereby repealed with effect 
from . . . 
Article 20 
This Directive is addressed to the Member States. 
(') l.igliwen months after the adoption of this Directive. 
- 23 -
OrrrGfWAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
ANNEX I 
MARKING 
1. (a) Reusable packaging 
1. (b) Recoverable packaging 
1. (c) Identification system 
Plastic shall use a numbering from 1 to 19; paper and cardboard from 20 to 39; metal from 40 to 49; wood 
from 50 to 59; textiles from 60 to 69; glass from 70 to 79. 
The identification may also be done by using the abbreviation to the used material(s) (e.g. HDPE: high 
density polyethylene). Numbering, or abbreviations, or both, may be used to identify materials. The said 
identification methods shall be located in the centre of or below the graphical marking indicating the 
reusable or recoverable nature of the packaging. 
1. (d) Packaging made partly or entirely of recycled materials 
x% = percentage of recycled material used in the manufacturing of the product. 
- 24 
ORIGINAL TEXT 
ANNEX // AMENDED TEXT 
OUTLINE OF ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS 
ON THE COMPOSITION AND THE 
REUSABLE AND RECOVERABLE NATURE OF 
PACKAGING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS ON THE 
COMPOSITION AND THE REUSABLE AND 
RECOVERABLE INCLUDING RECYCLABLE 
NATURE OF PACKAGING 
1. Requirements specific to the manufacturing and composition of packaging 
— Packaging shall be so manufactured that the packaging volume and weight be limited to the minimum 
adequate amount to maintain the necessary level of safety and acceptance for the packed product and for 
the consumer. 
— Packaging shall be designed, produced and commercialized in such a way as to permit its reuse or recovery 
and to minimize its impact on the environment when packaging waste or residues from packaging waste 
management operations are disposed of. 
Packaging shall be so 
manufactured that the presence of 
noxious metals and other 
hazardous substances as 
constituents of the packaging 
material or of any of the 
packaging components is limited 
to such a level as to minimize 
their presence in emissions, ash 
or leachate when packaging or 
residues from management 
operations or packaging waste are 
incinerated or landfilled. Packaging 
manufactured 
of noxious 
hazardous 
constituents 
material or 
packaging 
minimized. shall be so 
that the presence 
metals and other 
substances as 
of the packaging 
of any of the 
components is 
- The sum of concentration levels 
of lead, cadmium, mercury and 
hexavalent chromium present in 
packaging or packaging components 
shall not exceed the following: 
- 600 ppm bv weight after two years 
of entry into force of this 
directive, 
- 250 ppm bv weight after three 
years of entry into force of this 
directive, 
- 100 Ppm bv weight after five 
years of entry into force of this 
Directive. The concentrât ion levels of 
heavy metals present in 
packaging or packaging 
components shall not exceed 
the fol lowing: 
Lead (Pb) 
Cadmium (Cdt 
Chrome (Cr VI 
Mercury (Hg) 150 ppm 
1.5 ppm 
100 ppm 
1 ppm 
and this no Iater than five 
years a fter the_jentry into 
force of this Direct ive 
- 25 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
2. Requirements spécifie to die reusable nature of a packaging 
The following requirements must be simultaneously satisfied: 
die physical priy**** ««d characteristics of the packaging shall enable a number of trips or rotations in 
normally predictable conditions of use, 
possibility of processing die used packaging in order to meet health and safety requirements, 
fylfil the requirements specific to recoverable packaging when die packaging is no longer reused and thus 
becomes waste. 
3. Requirements specific to the recoverable nature of packaging 
(a) Packaging recoverable in the form of material recycling 
Packaging must be manufactured in 
such a way as to enable the 
recycling of at least 'x'% by 
weight of the materials used into 
the manufacture of marketable 
products. Packaging must be manufactured in 
such a way as to enable! the 
recycling of at least *x'% by 
weight of the materials used into 
the manufacture of marketable 
products., in compliance ' with 
current standards in the European 
Community. The establishment of 
this percentage mav vary. 
depending on the type of material 
QÈ which the packaging is 
composed. 
(b) Packaging recoverable in the form of energy recovery 
— Packaging waste processed for the purpose of energy recovery shall have a minimum inferior calorific 
value of 13 MJ/kg (approximate energetic value of paper and cardboard). 
— The energy recovery operation may not give rise to ash residues exceeding 'y* % by weight of the 
incinerated materials. 
— If used as a substitute for other fuels (carburants), it should not have a greater impact on the 
environment, in terms of emissions and residues, than that of the substituted fuel. 
(c) Packaging recoverable in the form of composting 
— Packaging waste processed for the purpose of composting shall be of such a biodegradable nature, that 
it should not hinder the composting process or activity into which it is introduced or diminish the 
quality of the compost. 
- 26 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED 1LXI 
(ca) tOOt biodégradable packing 
100% biodegradable packaging waste 
shall be of such a nature that it is 
capable of undergoing physical, 
chemical, thermal or biological 
decomposition such that the finished 
compost ultimately decomposes into 
carbon dioxide, biomass and water 
(leaving no distinguishable 
persistent, synthetic or toxic 
residues). 
ANNEX 111 
INFORMATION SYSTEM /DATABASE ON PACKAGING AND PACKAGING WASTE 
The database will be built up by the following formats: 
— Format 1: Composition of municipal waste — household level (mandatory presentation — Annex UI.Al) 
— Format 2: Composition of municipal waste — other levels (mandatory presentation — Annex III.A2) 
— Format 3: Packaging waste management (mandatory presentation — Annex II1.B) 
— Format 4: Product families to be recorded (Annex III.C) — consumption-based primary packaging data 
(mandatory presentation and explanatory note — Annex 1II.D1, II1.D2 and III.D3) 
— Format 5: Industrial packaging (mandatory presentation — Annex III.E) 
— Format 6: Secondary and tertiary packaging consumption data (formats 4 and 5 related products) 
(mandatory presentation — Annex III.F) 
27 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
FORMAT 1 
Annex III.A1 
Concept: Composition municipal waste — household level 
Units: Kg, volume and % Country: 
Year: 
Components 
Glass — Total 
Packaging: 
— White: 
— Brown: 
— Green: 
Non-packaging 
Paper and cardboard — Total 
Packaging: 
— Cardboard: 
— Laminates: 
— Paper: 
Non-packaging: 
— Newspaper — periodicals: 
— Other: 
Plastics — Total 
Polyolefincs 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Polystyrenes 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Halogenated polymers 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
PET 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Others 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Textiles 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Ferro 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Non-ferro 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Wood 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Leather: 
Rubber: 
Stone: 
Carpets: 
Organics: 
Others: 
Sub-total packaging 
Sub-total non-packaging 
Total kg 
.__. % 
-
- -Volume 
— -
- 28 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
FORMAT 2 
Annex 1II.A2 
Concept: Composition municipal waste — other levels 
Units: Kg, volume and % Country: 
Year: .... 
Components 
Glass — Total 
Packaging: 
— White: 
— Brown: 
— Green: 
Non-packaging 
Paper and cardboard — Total 
Packaging: 
— Cardboard: 
— Laminates: 
— Paper: 
Non-packaging: 
— Newspaper — periodicals: 
— Other: 
Plastics — Total 
Polyolefines 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Polystyrenes 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Halogenated Polymers 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
PET 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Others 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Textiles 
— Packaging 
<— Non-packaging 
Ferro 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Non-ferro 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Wood 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Leather: 
Rubber: 
Stone: 
Carpets: 
Organics: 
Others: 
Sub-total packaging 
Sub-total non-packaging 
Total kg % Volume 
FORMAT 3 
Annex U1.B 
Concept: Packaging waste management 
Units: 1 000 tonnes Country: 
Year: O 
30 
Ô 
Z > 
Household level 
Components 
Glass 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Paper and cardboard 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Plastic 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Textiles 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Ferro 
—- Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Non-ferro 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Wood 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Leather 
Ruober 
C one 
Carpets 
Organic 
Other Output Collection 
Bulk 
Total Selective Treatment 
Recovery 
Recycling Energy conversion Composting Other Final disposal 
Incineration Landfill 
m z o m o 
m 
Other lerel» (induttry, office», service*, etc.) 
Componenu 
Glass 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Paper and cardboard 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Plastic 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Textiles 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Ferro 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Non-ferro 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Wood 
— Packaging 
— Non-packaging 
Leather 
Rubber 
Stone 
Carpets 
Organic 
Other CoUection 
Output 
Bulk Selective Treatment 
Recovery Final disposal 
Recycling Energy conversion | Composting Other Incineration Landfill O 
30 
CD 
Z 
> 
w o 
> 
ZL 
m 
z o m o 
H m x 
H 
Total. 
31 
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
FORMAT 4 
Annex III.C 
Consumption-based primary packaging data 
Product families to be recorded 
Biscuits and cakes 
Fats (other than milk fats) 
Chocolate and sugar confectionary 
Dairy products 
Dry beverages 
Frozen foods 
Heat-processed foods 
Jam and preserves 
Sauces 
Snack foods 
Fresh bread 
Fresh fish 
Fresh fruit and vegetables 
Fresh meat 
Beer and cider 
Carbonated soft drinks 
Fruit juices 
Mineral water and still drinks 
Wines and spirits 
Automotive products 
Cigarettes and tobacco 
Cleaning material 
Cosmetics 
Haircare 
Paints, stains and varnishes 
Pet foods 
Pharmaceuticals 
Soaps and detergents 
Toiletries 
Toys 
Electrical appliances 
Electronics 
Clothing 
Others 
Annex III.Dl 
Concept: Consumption-based primary packaging data 
Units: Pieces, grams, tonnes Country: 
Year: 
Product families 1 000 pieces Average weight per piece 
(gram) Total 
(tonne) Number of rotations/ 
Life span (x) Total 
(tonne) 
- 32 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Annex III.D2 
Concept: Consumption-based primary packaging data 
Units: Pieces, gram, tonnes Country: 
Year: .... 
Total drink market 
April to May 1991 
Total drink market, non-alcoholic (N-A) 
Total glass, non-alcoholic (N-A) 
Non-returnable glass, N-A 
Non-returnable glass, 0,20-0,25 I, N-A 
Non-returnable glass, 0,33 1, N-A 
Non-returnable glass, 0,50-0,75 1, N-A 
Non-returnable glass, 1 I and more, N-A 
Returnable glass, N-A 
Returnable glass, 0,20-0,25 1, N-A 
Returnable glass, 0,50-0,75 1, N-A 
Returnable glass, 1 1 and more, N-A 
Plastic, N-A 
Metal, N-A 
Cardboard, N-A 
Cardboard, 0,20 1, N-A 
Cardboard, 0,50 1, N-A 
Cardboard, 1 1 and more, N-A 
Total drink market, alcoholic (A) 
Total glass, alcoholic (A) 
Non-returnable glass, A 
Non-returnable glass, 0,20-0,25 1, A 
Non-returnable glass, 0,33 1, A 
Non-returnable glass, 0,50 1, A 
Non-returnable glass, 0,70-0,75 1, A 
Non-returnable glass, 1 1, A 
Non-returnable glass, more than 1 1, A 
Returnable glass, A 
Returnable glass, 0,20-0,25 1, A 
Returnable glass, 0,33 1, A 
Returnable glass, 0,50 1, A 
Returnable glass, 0,70-0,75 1, A 
Returnable glass, 1 I, A 
Returnable glass, more than 1 1, A 
Metal, A 
Metal, 0,25 1, A 
Metal, 0,33 I, A 
Metal, 0,50 1, A 
Metal, 1 I, A 
Metal, more than 1 I, A 1 000 pieces 
196 070,25 
36 689,50 
8 275,20 
5 404,60 
89,70 
782,30 
1 998,60 
28 414,30 
8 859,40 
1 544,70 
18 010,20 
99 702,00 
28 571,90 
31 106,90 
18 270,70 
171,90 
12 664,30 
181 929,06 
175 921,50 
32 773,10 
23 928,30 
471,40 
93,70 
7 052,10 
901,90 
325,70 
143 148,38 
124 955,75 
16 452,70 
0,10 
1 732,10 
0,00 
7,70 
6 007,60 
93,80 
5 678,80 
233,00 
1,60 
0,40 Average weight 
per piece 
(gram) Total 
(tonne) 
140 
220 
480 
235 
750 
130 
155 
225 
570 
500 
265 
265 
365 
640 
720 756,64 
19,73 
959,33 
2 081,96 
13 507,65 Number of 
rotations/ 
Live span (x) 
3 110,68 
73,07 
21,08 
4 019,70 
450,95 
33 113,27 
4 359,97 
0,04 
1 108,54 
0,00 18/xl 
18/x2 
35/x3 
35/x4 
18/x5 Total 
(tonne) 
756,64 
19,73 
959,33 
2 081,91/xl 
13 507 /x2 
3 110,68 
73,07 
21,08 
4 019,70 
450,95 
33 113,27/x3 
4 359,97/x4 
0,04 
1 108,54/x5 
0,00 
This is an Example: Numbers, grams, tonnes are illustrative, not real. 
- 33 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
Annex II1.D3 
Consumer-based primary packaging data 
Explanatory note 
The number of pieces per product on the market of the Member States con be obtained from specialized market 
research companies such as Nielsen, GFK and others. 
The number of pieces sold, multiplied by the average weight of the packaging will give the tonnage of waste each 
item is likely to generate at household level. 
The tonnage of returnable, rcfillable packaging has to be divided by the number of years equal to the life-span of the 
product. 
FORMAT 5 
Annex 1I1.E 
Concept: Industrial packaging 
Units: Pieces, grams, kg Country: 
Year: .... 
Types 
Intermediate bulk containers (IBC) 
— Woven PP 
— Octobins (cardboard) 
— HDPE 
— Metal 
— Others 
Drums 
— Metal 
— Plastic 
Jerry cans 
— Metal 
— Plastics 
Boxes 
— Cardboard 
— Wood and plywood 
Bags 
— Paper 
— Plastic 
— Woven 
Others 
Total Pieces Average weight 
per piece 
(grams) Total weight 
(kg) Number of 
rotations/ 
Lifespan (x) Total 
(kg) 
- 34 -
ORIGINAL TEXT AMENDED TEXT 
FORMAT 6 
Annex III. F 
Concept: Secondary and tertiary packaging 
Units: Average weight in grams or kg Country: 
Year: .... 
Trays 
— 6 
— 12 
— 24 
Crates 
— 6 
— 12 
— 24 
Boxes 
— 24 
Wrappings 
— Stretch 
— Shrink 
Pallets 
— 120—80 
— 120—120 Carton Plastic Wood 
-Others 
Note: Reusables are to be divided by the number of years equal to the life span in the same way as indicated for primary packaging. 
_-x>S' _ ISSN 0254-1475 
COM (93) 416 final 
DOCUMENTS 
EN IO 14 
Catalogue number : CB-CO-93-456-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-59051-3 
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 
L-2985 Luxembourg