COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMVIUNITIES 
COM(91)455 final 
Brussels, 22 November 1991 
Proposal for a 
COUNCIL REGULATION (EECI 
AMENDING 
REGULATION (EEC) NO 3677/90 OF 13 DECEMBER 1990 LAYING DOWN 
MEASURES TO BE TAKEN TO DISCOURAGE THE DIVERSION OF CERTAIN 
SUBSTANCES TO THE ILLICIT MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS AND 
PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES 
(presented by the Commission) 
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 
A. General observations 
1. On 13 December 1990, the Council adopted Regulation (EEC) 
No 3 677/90 laying down measures to be taken to discourage 
the diversion of certain substances to the illicit 
manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. 
The chemical substances concerned are commonly referred to 
as "drugs precursors", because - without being drugs 
themselves - they are indispensable for the manufacture of 
illicit drugs. Characteristically, precursors in their large 
majority are subject to a fully legitimate trade and it is 
only a very small percentage which is diverted to illicit 
manufacture. 
2. In parallel to the elaboration of the current Community 
legislation, the 1990 Houston Economic Summit (G-7) 
recognized the growing importance of effective international 
action in precursor matters and mandated a Chemical Action 
Task Force (CATF) to identify improvements in the existing 
procedures. While expressly recognizing Article 12 of the 
1988 UN Convention against Illicit Drug Traffic as the 
"foundation for international cooperation in this area", the 
CATF has tried to complement the provisions and refine the 
procedures of the Convention. 
3. Between October 1990 and April 1991 during its meetings 
held in Washington D.C., the CATF addressed the various 
questions involved in its three working groups on Chemical 
Issues, Diversion Issues as well as Legal and Regulatory 
Issues. Based on the findings of the working groups, the 
Task Force compiled a Final Report which contains, in 
particular, a number of recommendations for improving 
international procedures. The report was approved by all 
participating parties at the political level and was 
subsequently endorsed on 15 July last by the 1991 London 
Economic Summit. 
In March 1992, the CATF will hold a plenary meeting to 
review the implementation status of its recommendations and 
to prepare a Status Report for the 1992 Economic Summit. 
4. The Commission and seven Member States actively 
participated in the work of the Chemical Action Task Force. 
All through the CATF negotiations, including their final 
stage, full Community coordination was ensured in Washington 
between the participating delegations, and also in Brussels 
between the latter and those Member States not represented 
in the CATF. At the same time, there were consultations with 
the representatives of Community trade and industry, who 
also participated in most sessions of the CATF. 
5. The CATF recommendations contain a number of new 
orientations designed to better adapt the existing forms of 
control still better to the specific nature of the 
substances, trade patterns and diversion risks involved. 
They reflect, in particular, the intention of complying with 
the needs of the non-industrialized countries in Latin 
Z 
America and Asia concerned by the illicit manufacture of 
drugs such as cocaine and heroin. 
The essential features are the following: 
- additional substances proposed for international control, 
i.e. mainly substances used for the manufacture of cocaine 
or heroin, 
- new scheme for the classification of substances based on 3 
categories (instead of the two tables in the 1988 UN 
Convention) in order to allow an even better adjustment of 
controls to the nature of the substances and the trade 
patterns involved; 
new requirements with regard to the export of the 
scheduled substances the extent of which depends on the 
category involved each time; 
strengthening of international cooperation by the 
countries and regions involved, notably by the conclusion of 
agreements between exporting countries/regions and those 
countries/regions in which by the illicit manufacture of 
drugs takes place. 
6. It is the intention of the present proposal to adapt the 
Community legislation according to the CATF recommendations 
in conformity with its political commitment and thus to 
contribute to the increased effectiveness of international 
efforts to combat the diversion of precursors to illicit 
drug manufacture. 
B. Contents of the proposed Regulation 
1. In conformity with the CATF recommendations, the proposed 
regulation distinguishes between three types of substances, 
i.e. substances used in the manufacture of synthetic drugs 
and with limited use for licit purposes (Category 1) , those 
with wider legitimate and commercial use (Category 2) 
and finally those essential for the manufacture of heroin 
and cocaine for which a geographically targetted approach 
appears the most appropriate (Category 3). 
All three categories are subject to the same general 
monitoring scheme whereas requirements vary mainly as 
regards the export formalities laid down in Articles 4, 5 
and 5 a. 
2. The proposed amendments concern the following (1): 
a. The new indent (f) in Article 1(1) clarifies that the 
"ultimate consignee" whom the exporter has to identify 
without exception (cf. Article 4, 5 and 5a) is not 
necessarily identical with the end-user/consumer, a person 
whom the exporter normally will not be in a position to know 
(R 6-11). 
b. Article 2 paragraph 1. third indent, reflects, with 
regard to general documentation, the obligatory character of 
1 Numbers in brackets ("R..") refer to recommendations in 
the Final Report of the Chemical Action Task Force. 
3> 
naming the ultimate consignee in the cases of Articles 4, 5 
and 5a (R 6-11). 
c. The new period for keeping records etc. laid down in 
Article 2 (4) corresponds t'o the recommendation that such4 
records be kept "considerably longer than two years" (R 6-
11) 
d. The new Article 2a introduces requirements for the 
exercise of professional activities, ie the principle of 
licensing for operators concerned with Category 1 
substances, whereas for those engaged in Categories 2 and 3 
a mere notification of the competent authorities is 
sufficient (R 6, 7, 22). 
e. Article 4 in its revised version adapts the Community 
monitoring system to the principle of requiring an 
individual authorization for each export operation involving 
Category 1 substances (R 6) . Subject to agreement with 
destination countries, the issuance of an export permit may 
even be made dependent on the existence of an import 
authorization in the country of destination (paragraph 6). 
f. Article 5 in its new form provides for a general 
authorization requirement for Category 2 substances as well, 
but in certain cases the export may be globally authorized 
under general permits valid for a number of operations or a 
certain time period (R 8). 
g. Article 5a introduces the geographical targetting 
approach appropriate for Category 3 substances which are 
used for the manufacture of cocaine and heroin whose raw 
materials (poppy and coca) are grown in certain regions in 
the world only. The identification of target zones takes 
place in conjunction with the countries and regions 
concerned (R 9,10). 
h. The amendment of Article 6 paragraph 3 addresses specific 
diversion risks existing in free ports and free zones, as 
well as in other sensitive sectors such as bonded warehouses 
(R 13) . 
i. The new Article 7a reflects the importance attributed by 
the CATF, in various parts of its report, to international 
co-operation between chemical exporting countries and those 
countries on whose territory illegal drugs manufacture takes 
place. To this end, the CATF promotes, in particular, 
agreements which may be concluded on a regional basis 
wherever necessary (R 27, 28, 39-41). 
j. The Annex was restructured to comply with the new 
category-based classification scheme and other measures 
recommended by the CATF such as the adding of 10 new 
substances as well as the insertion of Acetone and Ethyl 
ether (currently Table II) under Category 3 (R 5). 
Furthermore the Annex displays the CN Code for each of the 
substances. This code was unilaterally introduced by the 
Community in order to facilitate precursor monitoring, and 
will be valid from 1 January 1992 (R 16). 
PROPOSAL 
COUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 
of 
amending Regulation (EEC) No 3677/90 laying down measures 
to be taken to discourage the diversion of certain 
substances to the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs 
and psychotropic substances 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European 
Economic Community, and in particular its Article 113, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, 
Whereas Regulation (EEC) No 3677/90 (1) laid down 
measures to be taken to discourage the diversion of 
certain substances to the illicit manufacture of narcotic 
drugs and psychotropic substances, 
Whereas diversion patterns are rapidly changing and it is 
considered on the international level that the procedures 
identified by Article 12 of the 1988 UN Convention 
against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and 
Psychotropic Substances need to be reinforced to 
effectively counter chemical diversion, 
Whereas the Commission and seven Member States 
participated in the works of the Chemical Action Task 
Force created by the Houston Economic Summit (G-7) on 10 
July 1990 to develop effective procedures to prevent 
diversion of precursor and essential chemicals to illicit 
1 OJ L 357 of 20.12.1990, p.l 
5" 
drugs manufacture; whereas a full Community coordination 
was ensured throughout these works, as well as close 
consultation with representatives of trade and industry, 
Whereas the Final Report of the Chemical Action Task 
Force was approved by the London Economic Summit (G-7) on 
15 July 1991, 
Whereas this Final Report, in recognizing the 1988 UN 
Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and 
Psychotropic Substances as the basic instrument of 
international cooperation in chemical diversion matters, 
contains a number of recommendations for reinforcing 
national and international measures on the basis of the 
UN Convention, 
Whereas some of the recommendations of Chemical Action 
Task Force concern measures not covered by Regulation 
(EEC) No 3677/90, and in particular certain requirements 
with regard to the exportation of chemical substances, 
the extension of the scope of chemical substances subject 
to international control, and a new category-based 
classification scheme providing for appropriate control 
measures according to the nature and trade patterns of 
the substances in each of the three categories 
established. Furthermore, the Report recommends the 
strengthening of international cooperation by the 
conclusion of bilateral agreements, in particular, 
between regions exporting and regions importing scheduled 
chemicals. 
Whereas it appears important that the Community, in view 
of its committment to the works of the Chemical Action 
Task Force, implements the recommendations approved, and 
contributes as far as possible to the international 
cooperation in this field, 
HAS ADOPTED THE FOLLOWING REGULATION: 
b 
Article 1 
Regulation (EEC) No 3677/90 is hereby amended as follows 
1. Article 1 paragraph 2 subparagraph (f) shall be 
replaced by the following: 
"(f) 'ultimate consignee' means any natural or legal 
person to which the scheduled substances are delivered in 
the country of destination. This person may be different 
from the end-user;" 
the former subparagraph (f) becomes (g); 
2. Article 2 paragraph 1, third indent, shall be replaced 
by the following: 
"- the name and the address of the exporter, the 
importer, the distributor and in accordance with Articles 
4, 5 and 5a the ultimate consignee." 
3. Article 2 paragraph 4 shall be replaced by the 
following: 
"4. The documents and records referred to in points 1. 
and 3. shall be kept for a period of three years from the 
end of the calendar year in which the operation referred 
to in point 1. took place, and must be readily available 
for inspection by the competent authorities upon 
request." 
T 
4. The following Article shall be inserted: 
"Article 2a 
Licensing and registration of operators 
1. Manufacturers and traders, including brokers, engaged 
in the import, export or transit of scheduled substances 
listed in Category 1 of the Annex shall be required to 
obtain a license from the Member State in which they are 
established to exercise this activity. The issue of such 
a licence shall be based in particular on the operator's 
competence and integrity as appreciated by the competent 
authority. 
The license shall be suspended or revoked whenever there 
are reasonable grounds to believe that the conditions for 
the issue of the license are no longer valid. 
2. Manufacturers and traders, including brokers, engaged 
in the export of scheduled substances listed in 
Categories 2 or 3 of the Annex are required to inform the 
competent authorities of the activity they exercise in 
this specific trade." 
5. Article 4 shall be replaced by the following: 
"Article 4 
Export authorization 
Substances listed in Category 1 of the Annex 
1. The exportation of scheduled substances in Category 1 
of the Annex shall be subject to authorization in form of 
individual export permits issued by the competent 
authorities of the Member State in which the customs 
export formalities are to be completed. 
? 
21 
2. Requests for authorizations referred to in Paragraph 1 
shall contain the following information: 
- the name and address of the exporter, the importer in 
the third country and any other operator involved in 
the export operation or shipment, and also of the 
ultimate consignee, 
- the name of the scheduled substances as given in 
Category 1 in the Annex 
- the quantity and weight of the scheduled substance and, 
where it consists of a mixture, the quantity and weight 
of any substance or substances listed in the Annex 
- details of the shipment such as expected date of 
dispatch, name of the customs office where the customs 
export formalities will be carried out, transport 
arrangements and, where known at this stage, itinerary, 
expected point of exit from Community customs territory 
and, possibly, point of entry into the importing 
country. 
In the case of paragraph 7, a copy of the import permit 
issued by the destination country must be attached to the 
request. 
3. A decision on this request must be taken within a 
period of 15 working days after its receipt by the 
competent authority. This period may be prolonged if 
further information is requested or in the case of 
paragraph 7. 
4. Without prejudice to any possible implementation of 
technical enforcement measures, the export authorization 
referred to in paragraph 1 shall be refused, if: 
(a) the information supplied in compliance with the 
obligations under paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 second 
sentence is considered insufficient or incomplete, or 
there is suspicion that the information is incorrect; 
(b) in the case of paragraph 7, the existence of an 
import permit in the country of destination is not 
sufficiently established; 
(c) there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that the 
substances in question are intended for the illicit 
manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances. 
If the particulars on the itinerary and means of 
transport were not contained in the request referred to 
in paragraph 2, the export permit shall state that the 
operator is obliged to ensure that these particulars are 
made available to the customs or other competent 
authority at the point of exit from the Community 
territory before the physical departure of the 
consignment. 
In all cases, the export permit shall be produced for 
inspection by the customs authorities when the customs 
export declaration is lodged. 
5. The issuance of an export permit does not preclude any 
possible civil or penal liability of the holder of such 
permit. 
6. With regard to requests for pre-export notification 
addressed to the Community by a third country pursuant 
to Article 12 (10) of the United Nations Convention: 
(a) the Commission shall immediately communicate to the 
competent authorities of the Member States any such 
request received; 
(b) the competent authorities of the Member State 
concerned shall, prior to any export of scheduled 
substances to the requesting country, supply the 
information specified in paragraph 2 to the competent 
authorities of that country. A copy of this reply shall 
be communicated to the Commission for circulation to 
the other Member States; 
Jo 
(c) the authority furnishing such information may require 
that the authority in the third country receiving the 
information ensures the confidentiality of any trade 
industrial commercial or professional secret or any 
trade process referred to therein. 
7. Whenever there is agreement between the Community and 
a third country that exports shall not be authorized 
unless an import permit has been issued by the competent 
authorities of the latter country for the substances in 
question: 
(a) the Commission shall communicate to the competent 
authorities in the Member States the name and address of 
the competent authority in the third country as well as 
any operational information obtained from this country; 
(b) the competent authorities in the Member States shall 
satisfy themselves that any importation has been properly 
authorized, if necessary, by requesting confirmation from 
the authority referred to under (a)." 
6. Article 5 shall be replaced by the following: 
"Article 5 
Specific export requirements 
Substances listed in Category 2 of the Annex 
1. The exportation of scheduled substances in Category 2 
of the Annex shall be subject to authorization by the 
competent authorities of the Member State in which the 
customs export formalities are to be completed. 
2. Exports referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject 
mutatis mutandis to the rules laid down in Article 4, 
J* 
wherever they appear to be intended, directly or 
indirectly, for any third country which has informed the 
Commission, that it wishes the said products to be 
subject to individual export authorization because they 
might be used for the illicit manufacture of narcotic 
drugs or psychotropic substances in its territory. In 
other cases, the same rules shall apply whenever a 
general permit cannot be issued under paragraph 3. 
3. In all other cases, the exportation of scheduled 
substances in Category 2 of the Annex may be globally 
authorized under general permits the issue of which shall 
depend on circumstances such as the reliability of the 
operator and the trade pattern concerned. In issuing such 
permits, the competent authorities shall consider, in 
particular, the nature, volume, itinerary and destination 
of the shipments involved. The holder of such permits may 
be required to report periodically and in summary form, 
as determined by the competent authority, on the exports 
carried out during this period." 
7. The following Article shall be inserted: 
"Article 5a 
Specific export requirements 
Substances listed in Category 3 of the Annex 
1. The exportation of scheduled substances in Category 3 
of the Annex shall be subject to authorization by the 
competent authorities of the Member State in which the 
customs export formalities are to be completed, wherever 
they appear to be intended, directly or indirectly, for 
any third country which has been identified to be 
concerned by the illicit manufacture of those narcotic 
drugs or psychotropic substances which are manufactured 
Jh 
under use of scheduled substances in Category 3 of the 
Annex. 
2. Exports referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject 
mutatis mutandis to the rules laid down in Article 4, 
wherever, subject to specific arrangements taken with the 
countries referred to in paragraph 1, individual export 
authorization is required. The same rules shall apply 
whenever a general permit cannot be issued under 
paragraph 3. 
3. In all other cases covered by paragraph 1, the 
exportation may be globally authorized under general 
permits as referred to in Article 5 paragraph 3. 
4. The identification of countries and substances 
concerned in the sense of Paragraph 1 takes place notably 
on the basis of a list established and amended in 
cooperation between the Community and the countries in 
question. The said list and the amendments thereto as 
well as the type of export authorization each time 
required will be published in Part C of the Official 
Journal of the European Communities. 
8. Article 6 shall be replaced by the following: 
"Article 6 
Legal powers of competent authorities 
1. In order to ensure the correct application of Articles 
2, 4, 5 and 5a, each Member State shall adopt within the 
framework of its domestic law the measures necessary to 
enable the competent authorities: 
(a) to obtain information on any orders for or operations 
involving scheduled substances; 
(b) to enter operators' business premises in order to 
obtain evidence of irregularities. 
k% 
2. Without prejudice to the measures laid down in Article 
4 (3) , Article 5, Article 5a and paragraph 1 of this 
Article the customs authorities or other competent 
authorities of each Member State may prohibit the 
introduction of scheduled substances into Community 
territory or their departure from it, if there are 
reasonable grounds for suspecting that the substances are 
intended for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or 
psychotropic substances. 
3. For the purpose of preventing specific risks of 
diversion in free zones and free ports as well as in 
other sensitive areas such as bonded warehouses, Member 
States shall ensure that controls applied to operations 
carried out in these areas are effective at every stage 
of these operations and not less stringent than those 
applied in other parts of the customs territory.". 
9. The following Article shall be inserted: 
"Article 7 a 
1. The Commission is authorized to negotiate on behalf of 
the Community and in close cooperation with the Member 
States agreements of mutual administrative cooperation 
with third countries concerned in order to prevent the 
diversion of scheduled substances to the illicit 
manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic 
substances. 
2. Before entering into the negotiations referred to in 
paragraph 1, the Commission will consult the Member 
States through the Council, namely as regards the 
opportunity of the envisaged instrument, its scope and 
any other specification which may be relevant. The 
Commission takes into account the opinion expressed by 
the Council. 
M 
The agreements in question are concluded by the Council." 
JS 
9. The Annex shall be replaced by the following: 
"ANNEX 
Substance CN Code 
CATEGORY 1 
— Ephedrine 2939 40 10 
— Ergometrine 2939 60 10 
— Ergotamine 2939 60 30 
— Lysergic acid 2939 60 50 
— l-phenyl-2-propanone 2914 30 10 
— Pseudoephedrine 2939 40 30 
— N-Acetylanthranilic acid 2924 29 50 
— 3,4 Methylenedioxyphenyl-2-
propanone 2932 90 77 
The salts of the substances listed 
in this Category whenever the 
existence of such salts is possible. 
CATEGORY 2 
— Acetic anhydride 2915 24 00 
— Anthranilic acid ex 2922 49 90 
— Phenylacetic acid 2916 33 00 
— Piperidine 2933 39 30 
— Isosafrole (cis+trans) 2932 90 73 
— Piperonal 2932 90 75 
— Safrole 2932 90 71 
The salts of the substances listed 
in this Category whenever the 
existence of such salts is possible. 
CATEGORY 3 
— Acetone 2914 11 00 
— Ethyl ether 2909 11 00 
— Methylethyl ketone (MEK) 2914 12 00 
— Toluene 2902 30 10/90 
— Potassium permanganate 2841 60 10 
— Sulphuric acid 2807 .00 10 
— Hydrochloric acid 2806 10 00 
A 
Article 2 
This Regulation shall enter into force on [1 January 
1992]. 
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and 
directly applicable in all Member States. 
Done at Brussels, 
For the Council 
The President 
Jfr 
FINANCIAL RECORD 
SECTION I; FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS 
1. Title of operation 
Draft proposal for a Council Regulation amending Regulation 
(EEC) No 3677/90 of 13 December 1990 laying down measures to 
be taken to discourage the diversion of certain substances 
to the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and 
psychotropic substances. 
2. Budget heading involved: 
- A-130 Mission expenses, travel expenses and incidental 
expenditure 
A-2511 Expenditure on meetings of committees whose 
consultation is not compulsory for drafting Community 
legislation 
3. Legal basis: Article 113 EEC Treaty 
4. Description of operation 
Its general objective is to comply with the recommendations 
of the Chemical Action Task Force which were approved by the 
London Economic Summit (G-7) on 15 July 1991. The Commission 
and seven Member States took part in the works of the Task 
Force. 
This proposal is made to fulfill the international political 
committments of the Commission and the Community. 
4.1. Specific objectives of operation 
- to extend the scope of chemical substances covered by the 
Regulation 
- to introduce a still more reliable system of export 
controls destined to avoid the diversion of scheduled 
substances to illicit drugs manufacture 
- strengthen the cooperation with third countries, notably 
by the conclusion and management of agreements with 
countries concerned by the illicit manufacture of cocaine 
and heroin. 
4.2. Duration 
no time limit 
4.3. Target population 
The proposed provisions are addressed mainly to economic 
operators dealing with the chemical substances in question, 
i.e. manufacturers, traders, brokers etc involved in the 
import, export or transit of such substances. 
5. Classification of expenditure/revenue 
5.1 Compulsory/Non-compulsory 
Non-compulsory 
js 
5.2 Pifferentiated/Non-differentiated 
Non-differentiated 
5.3 Type of revenue involved 
The action proposed exclusively relates to control measures, 
there are no revenues envisaged. 
6. Type of expenditure/revenue 
The envisaged amendments to the Community precursor 
monitoring system will result in expenses for staff, 
missions and meetings to be held with Member States. 
7. Financial impact on appropriations for operations (Part B 
of the budget) 
none 
8. What anti-fraud measures are planned in the proposal for 
the operation? 
not applicable 
SECTION 2: ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE (Part A of the budget) 
1. Will the proposed operation involve an increase in the 
number of Commission staff? If so. how many ? 
The staff resources requested are to be found either by 
means of internal redeployment or in the framework of the 
budgetary procedure for 1992. 
The staff requested serves the adaptation of the management 
structure at the Commission in order to cover, at central 
level, the supplementary tasks resulting from the extended 
monitoring system as described above. The adaptation would 
comprise two additional officials (1 A, IB). 
2. Indicate the amount of staff and administrative 
expenditure involved in the proposed operation. Explain the 
method of calculation. 
The envisaged amendments to the Community precursor 
monitoring system will result in expenses for: 
- staff resources (cf. paragraph 1. above) 
- the organization of additional meetings with Member States 
in order to cover the supplementary tasks, i.e., in 
particular, the system of reinforced export requirements and 
the preparation and management of third country agreements. 
It should also be borne in mind that the coverage of 10 
additional substances will result in a corresponding 
increase of cooperation issues in all the areas already 
covered. The estimation shown below is based on an initial 
A& 
hypothesis of 1 additional meeting per year to be held with 
Member States in Brussels. 
- the organization of missions to third countries outside 
Europe to prepare and implement cooperation agreements 
between those countries and the Community. The estimation 
shown below is based on an initial hypothesis of 2 missions 
per year. 
The following expenses would arise per annum: 
Task Budgetary post 
Expenditure 
Staff: (Al and A2) 
2 posts A/B: 2 X 85,000 ECU 170,000 ECU 
Travel expenses for Member (A 2 511) 
States experts to Brussels: 
1 x 24 experts: 1 x 15,000 ECU 15,000 ECU 
Missions expenses for Commission 
officials to countries outside Europe: (A 130) 
2x1 official: 2 x 7,500 ECU 15,000 ECU 
Total 200,000 ECU 
The expenses will arise from the budgetary year 1992. 
SECTION 3: ELEMENTS OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS 
The objectives of the proposed operation concern the 
prevention of the illicit manufacture and traffic of 
narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The operation 
envisages to strengthen the existing Community rules to 
discourage the diversion of chemical substances from licit 
channels to illicit ones, namely by (1) extending the scope 
of substances covered from 12 to 22, (2) introducing an 
extensive scheme of obligatory export authorization, and (3) 
formalizing the cooperation with third countries notably in 
heroin and cocaine producing regions by the conclusion of 
bilateral or regional agreements. The operation relates to a 
prioritary action identified by the European Drugs 
Coordinators (CELAD) and 1991 Economic Summit (G-7). 
1. Objectives and coherence with financial programming 
The expenditures related to staff will be covered by 
appropriations under the different lines of headings A-l and 
A-2. The expenditures concerning missions and meetings will 
be covered by appropriations attributed to DG XXI under 
headings A-130 and A-2511. 
%o 
2. Grounds for the operation 
The operation corresponds to engagements taken by the 
Community on the international level (1988 UN Convention, 
Recommendations by the G-7 Chemical Action Task Force 
approved by the 1991 London Economic Summit. The Commission 
services are particularly well placed to assume the role of 
a promotion and coordination instance in this area, notably 
in the context of formulating and managing Community 
policies towards other industrialized as well as developping 
countries concerned by the problem and the relevant 
international organizations. These tasks cannot be carried 
out without the necessary means being made available to the 
Commission services concerned. 
3. Monitoring and evaluation of the operation 
The operation directly implements engagements taken over by 
the Community on the political level. These initiative being 
conceived without any limit in time, the monitoring and 
evaluation will take place on a continuous basis. The 
performance of the operation will be the subject of regular 
reporting to the European Drugs Co-ordinators (CELAD). In 
addition, the Committee established under the Regulation 
will conduct a monitoring exercise via its annual report. 
QA 

EN ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(91) 455 final 
DOCUMENTS 
05 
Catalogue number : CB-ÇO-91-510-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-77528-9 
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 
Lr2985 Luxembourg