COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 29.03.1995 
COM(95) 110 final 
95/ 0078 (COD) 
EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ACTION IN 
SUPPORT OF CULTURE 
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO 
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE 
COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 
Proposal for a 
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION 
establishing a Community action programme in the field 
of cultural heritage 
RAPHAEL 
(presented by the Commission) 
PROPOSAL FOR A PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION 
ESTABLISHING A COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME 
IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE 
THE RAPHAEL PROGRAMME 
Ae^ 
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 
ANNEX; Consultations organized with a view to the presentation of a Community 
action programme in the field of cultural heritage 
PROPOSAL FOR A PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION 
ESTABLISHING A COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME IN THE 
FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE - THE RAPHAEL PROGRAMME 
ANNEX: Description of the Raphael Programme 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
/Il 
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 
This proposal is to be seen within the general context of the communication 
entitled European Community action in support of culture,1 adopted by the 
Commission on 27 July 1994 in response to the inclusion of an article on culture 
in the EC Treaty2. The movable and non-movable cultural heritage having been 
recognized as one of the priority fields of action in the Community's cultural 
policy, this proposal seeks to establish a specific action programme in this area. 
The action programme should give a new impetus to Community activities in the 
field of heritage, redirecting and expanding the activities already developed and 
providing a coherent approach to Community actions and policies relating to 
cultural heritage. 
The specific operations proposed under the action programme satisfy several 
objectives set out in the Treaty. Given that heritage both expresses different 
identities and testifies to exchanges between cultures, Community action in this 
field can make a special contribution to the creation of "an ever closer union 
among the peoples of Europe"3 and to "the flowering of the cultures of the 
Member States, while respecting their national and regional diversity and at the 
same time bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore".4 
Europe's cultural heritage has evolved over time, through exchanges and mutual 
influences, and displays certain common characteristics that transcend national or 
regional differences. This interplay of diversity and constancy perfectly illustrates 
the regional, national and European roots of Europe's citizens. Community action 
in the field of cultural heritage can thus help to forge a European citizenship, 
based on a better understanding of both national culture and the culture of the 
other Union states. 
The proposed action programme aims to encourage cooperation between Member 
States and support and supplement their action.5 However, although the needs of 
the heritage sector are considerable in terms of expertise, human resources and 
funding, the resources available are necessarily limited and choices have to be 
made. A Community programme will serve to pool expertise so that informed 
choices can be made, to avoid duplication and waste at the same as promoting 
standards while securing economies of scale. 
COM(94) 356 final. 
Article 128 of the EC Treaty, as amended by the Treaty on European Union. 
Treaty on European Union, Article A. 
Article 128(1), EC Treaty. 
Article 128(2) EC Treaty, as amended by the Treaty on European Union. 
1 
/<L 
The problems of preserving and managing the cultural heritage transcend national 
boundaries: the Member States face similar problems, some of which are so 
complicated and on such a large scale - such as paper conservation - that 
individual countries cannot tackle them alone. In such cases joint action offers 
"added value" and may be more effective than the sum of the actions taken by 
each Member State individually. 
In addition to its intrinsic value, the preservation of the cultural heritage generates 
various types of activity with important social and economic repercussions, which 
connect with other objectives laid down in the Treaty. This sector, for example, 
needs a large and often highly skilled workforce at the level of both planning and 
management (architects, archivists, art historians, conservationists) and practical 
implementation (conservationists and restorers, craftsmen, museum staff). This 
workforce, which is often based in small businesses, draws on both traditional 
skills and the latest research and techniques. 
Promoting cooperation between training and/or research establishments is therefore 
a key element in the Community's action on heritage and the proposed operations 
will have to take account of the accumulated body of Community programmes on 
training and education, research and technological development. Cultural heritage 
can also contribute significantly to the research/growth/employment dynamic, in 
that it is a sector where the results of research could be exploited more 
effectively, for example by developing practical applications for the use of the 
professionals in the field. 
The heritage sector is also a source of new jobs,6 thanks to the combined effect 
of the growing interest in heritage in all its forms and increased amounts of 
leisure. New jobs stem from both an increase in activity in the sector itself (e.g. 
restoration projects, the reorganization of museums and their collections, cultural 
events to promote heritage, exhibitions, creation of new services for the public in 
museums, etc.) and activities stimulated by the presence and promotion of the 
heritage, such as the growth of tourism. 
Heritage projects are therefore increasingly integrated in regional development 
policies, particularly in schemes to encourage urban renewal and combat 
depopulation. Preserving heritage is obviously also linked to land-use planning, 
environmental and energy policies. 
Finally, cultural heritage is a priority area for the development of applications and 
standards of advanced information and communication technology and services 
and was identified as an important area of action in the communication entitled 
Europe's way to the information society: an action plan,7 following the 
Bangemann Group's report.8 
White Paper Growth, Competitiveness, Employment, p. 19, p. 104-105. 
COM(94) 347 final. 
Europe and the global information society: Recommendations to the European Council. 
The likely benefits of such work will not be solely in terms of growth, 
competitiveness or employment; provided the cultural dimension is taken into 
account, professionals working in the heritage sector and the general public will 
benefit from a whole range of new and sophisticated cultural products and 
services. 
The Community has already engaged in a number of activities in the cultural 
heritage field in pursuit of its various self-appointed tasks. These fall into three 
categories: activities with an essentially cultural purpose, activities in pursuit of 
other objectives laid down in the Treaty, but with a direct bearing on heritage, 
and, finally, activities serving other purposes, but with a direct or indirect impact 
on conservation m the Member States, such as agricultural policy, wfeicfe feas asn 
importa»* impact on the preservation of the archaeological heritage and historic 
Mindful of the need to achieve a consensus bécasse of the dedsion-making 
procedures provided for in Article 128 and washing to conduct in-depth 
consultations, prior to drawing up this proposal for a Parliament and Council 
Decision the Commission organized a series of aveetings on the movable and non-
movable heritage before drafting this coawftutBcation, consulting the authorities 
in the Member States, the professionals aad Q&ers involved in the field. At the 
same time, a group of experts convened in response to a Council resolution9 
considered the specific subject of archive*. The liât of consultative meetings is 
appended (p. 6-7). 
This proposal draws on the experience of the actio» undertaken to date «ad «he 
results of the consultation*. Its frame of reference is the Conmtueity's culturel 
policy10 and it takes into account the relevant resolutions and conclusions adopted 
by Parliament" and jbe Council.12 
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Cnfcmtl est*»**, A3^m, DJ He C 42, 15.2.1993, f 173-1»! 
PtrteweM lesetaaea ea {Nesemag the aictetectwai heritage ma protecting oafcani asssfc, A3-
0036793, OJ No C 72, 15.3.1993, p. 160-166. 
Paittaneat resolutioa on Cowwinity policy ia tte fidd ef çnltnie, A3-03867S3, OJ No C 44, 
14.2.1994, p. 184-lSg. 
Conclusions of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council 
of 12 November 1992 on guidelines for Community cultural action, OJ No C 336,19.12.1992, p. 
1-2. 
Council conclusions of 17 June 1994 on drawing up a Community Action Plan in the field of 
cultural heritage, OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p. 1. 
Council conclusions of 17 lane 1994 concerning greater cooperation in the field of archives, 
OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p. 3. 
Conclusions of the Council of 10 November 1994 on the Commission communication concerning 
European (immunity action in support of culture, OJ No C 348, 9.12.1994, p. 1-2. *2 
COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE - THE RAPHAEL PROGRAMME 
I. Development and promotion of 
the cultural heritage in Europe 
To encourage the development and 
pooling of optimal practices and to 
create an environment conducive to 
the preservation of the cultural 
heritage 
1. Support for projects to preserve 
the movable or non-movable 
heritage that qualify as "European 
heritage laboratories" 
2. Support for "European heritage 
sites" on common themes related to 
the preservation of the movable or 
non-movable heritage 
3. Support for the development of 
better practices and European 
standards for managing and 
protecting cultural heritage 
4. Promoting the acquisition and 
joint management of major works of 
art 
5. Development of projects and 
studies with a cultural focus, to 
complement other Community 
activities II. Networks and partnerships 
To help enhance transnational 
cooperation, exchanges and pooling 
of experience and the presentation of 
the European dimension of heritage. 
1. Support for the creation of 
networks of "European heritage 
sites" by specific theme 
2. Development and dissemination of 
information tools for use by 
networks of professionals working 
on cultural heritage, e.g. comparative 
studies of practices and systems in 
Member States, compiling European 
cultural statistics and indicators, 
practical guides, manuals, 
directories, listings of innovatory 
projects, information on Community 
activities relating to cultural heritage 
3. Support for transnational 
cooperation projects between 
museums and/or monuments aimed 
at highlighting the European 
dimension of heritage 
4. Support for cooperation projects 
between training and/or research 
institutes, e.g. inventories, evaluation 
methods, shared analysis, 
scholarships, exchanges, 
dissemination of information, etc. III. Access to heritage 
To promote projects to raise 
awareness with a European 
dimension and to encourage the use 
of advanced information and 
communication technologies and 
services 
1. Inclusion of steps to raise public 
awareness in all projects receiving 
Community support under the 
Raphael Programme 
2. Support for events to raise public 
awareness at European level, e.g. 
European Heritage Days, events to 
mark Europe Day (9 May), Mies van 
der Rohe European Architecture 
Prize, Europan 
3. Support for multilingual 
presentations in museums, 
monuments, sites 
4. Support for applications of 
advanced information and 
communication technologies and 
services giving professionals and the 
public access to heritage, e.g. pilot 
projects, studies or seminars on a 
particular problem for the heritage 
sector IV. Innovation, further training and 
professional mobility 
To promote the exchange of 
experience and encourage mobility 
and further training for professionals 
working on cultural heritage 
1. Support for identifying subjects 
for research, the dissemination of 
results and the development of 
practical applications for use by 
professionals 
2. Support for organizing 
conferences and colloquia with a 
European dimension 
3. Cooperation projects aimed at 
setting up exchange programmes for 
professionals in the heritage field 
4. Support for basic and advanced 
training for professionals in the 
heritage field on using advanced 
information and communication 
technologies and services V. Cooperation with third countries 
and international organizations 
To develop projects with third | 
countries and create synergies with 1 
activities undertaken by other 1 
international organizations, in E 
particular the Council of Europe | 
1. Support for projects to preserve | 
the movable and non-movable | 
heritage, particularly monuments | 
and sites on the World Heritage fi 
List 
2. Participation in projects related to 
networks and partnerships or 
creation of complementary projects, 
e.g. extending comparative studies 
to other countries 
3. Participation in projects to make 
the heritage more accessible to the 
public, e.g. European Heritage Days 
4. Encouragement for professionals 
in the heritage field to participate in 
research, training and professional 
mobility 
Community action m the field of cultural heritage should satisfy the following 
objectives: 
help to develop and promote cultural heritage; 
encourage cooperation and the pooling of knowledge, expertise and 
practice in the field of heritage preservation at European level; 
improve public access to heritage and the supply of information on it for 
the public at large so as to contribute to the affirmation of a European 
citizenship through greater knowledge of heritage; 
support for enriching mutual understanding and practices and realize 
Europe's potential; 
foster cooperation with non-member countries and other international 
organizations, in particular the Council of Europe. 
In the light of this, the Commission intends to establish a Community action 
programme in the field of cultural heritage, to be known as the Raphael 
Programme, which will focus on the following five activities: 
I. Development and promotion of cultural heritage; 
H. Networks and partnerships; 
HI. Access to heritage; 
IV. Innovation, further training and professional mobility; 
V. Cooperation with non-member countries and international organizations. 
The programme has a strategic approach which should be served by the various 
measures to be implemented step-by-step. The Commission believes that its 
coherent approach will enable the Raphael Programme to make a more effective 
contribution to developing and promoting the cultural heritage and to achieve a 
greater impact on the flowering of cultures in Europe. The programme will also 
allow the Community to view its actions from a specifically cultural point of view 
and, where necessary, to enhance the cultural dimension in other Community 
measures, in accordance with Article 128(4) of the Treaty. 
To conclude, the Commission proposes: 
to submit this proposal for a Parliament and Council Decision under the 
new procedure provided for in Article 128 of the Treaty. 
ANNEX 
CONSULTATIONS ORGANIZED WITH A VIEW 
TO THE PRESENTATION OF A COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME 
IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE 
General consultations on movable and non-movable heritage 
On 1 and 2 July 1993 the Commission and the European Parliament organized a 
first meeting in Venice with the Directors of movable and non-movable heritage 
in the Member States. The theme was "key elements for the conservation of the 
cultural heritage in the European Community". The aim was to identify areas for 
Community action in the heritage field and agree the themes for the first four 
expert meetings. 
Four expert meetings were organized in conjunction with the Belgian and Greek 
Presidencies. They dealt with the following themes: 
"Heritage and management: heritage, economy and employment, heritage, 
tourism and the environment", Mons, 27-30 October 1993 
"Heritage, research and new technologies", Brussels, 17-19 November 
1993 
"Heritage and training", Antwerp, 1-3 December 1993 
"Information and increasing awareness of and support for the heritage 
among the public and professionals",n Athens 23-25 February 1994 
Two further expert meetings were organized by the Greek Presidency with the 
Commission's support and reflecting the Presidency's priorities in the field of 
cultural heritage: 
"Heritage and the environment", Athens, 26-29 March 1994 
"The underwater heritage", Athens, 7-9 April 1994 
Participation in these consultations was limited to experts chosen by the Member 
States, representatives of the European Parliament, the Council of Europe, 
intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations and the various 
departments of the Commission most closely concerned. 
13 This meeting was a follow-up to an earlier expert meeting on "Museums and their public", 
organized in Glasgow on 25-29 November 1992 in conjunction with the British Presidency. 
The results of the expert meetings were presented at the second meeting of the 
Member States' Directors of movable and non-movable heritage, held in Lisbon 
on 27-29 April 1994 on the theme "Europe and its heritage". This was an 
opportunity to draw up a preliminary assessment of progress to date, based on a 
working document presented by the Commission, and to suggest themes to be 
explored for drawing up the future action programme. 
Specific consultations on archives 
In 1991 the Council passed a resolution calling on the Commission to set up a 
group of experts designated by the Member States "for the purpose of examining 
to what extent greater coordination of archives policy and practice within the 
Community is desirable".14 The group of experts, which included representatives 
of the archives of the Community institutions, the European University Institute 
in Florence and the various Commission departments involved, met in Brussels 
on 31 March, 17 June and 24 September 1992 and on 9 March, 23 April and 
22 October 1993. Their work forms the subject of a report containing suggestions 
for Community action in this particular field.15 
The conference 
The information collected at the earlier meetings was presented to a larger 
audience at a conference on "European citizens and their heritage", organized in 
conjunction with the European Parliament in Brussels on 4 and 5 October 1994. 
The aim was to supplement the technical findings with a dialogue between the 
interested parties, such as landlords' associations, voluntary groups and 
foundations, all of which help to bring people closer to their heritage. The 
conference also provided an opportunity to meet representatives from the new 
Member States and non-member countries. 
14 
15 Resolution of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council of 14 November 
1991 on arrangements concerning archives. 
Archives in the European Union. Report of the group of experts on the problems of coordination 
in relation to archives, SEC(94)900, 21 March 1994. 
PROPOSAL FOR A PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION 
ESTABLISHING A COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME 
IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE 
THE RAPHAEL PROGRAMME 
THE EUROPE AN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular 
Article 128 thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,1 
Having regard to the Opinion of the Committee of the Regions,2 
Acting in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 189b of the Treaty, 
Whereas Title IX of the Treaty is devoted specifically to Culture and states that the 
Community shall contribute to the flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while 
respecting their national and regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common 
cultural heritage to the fore; 
1 OJ 
OJ 
Whereas Article 128 of the Treaty identities' cultural heritage as a specific field of action 
and that cultural heritage is the expression of national and regional identities and the links 
between peoples; whereas it must be preserved and the public's access to it improved 
(including for those who face particular problems of access) in order to contribute to 
greater mutual understanding and respect; 
Whereas Community action can contribute to better preservation of the cultural heritage 
by promoting the exchange of experiences and expertise and encouraging operational 
synergies and partnership; , 
Whereas, because of its socioeconomic dimension, the preservation of the cultural heritage 
is an element in a design for society and can contribute significantly to job creation and 
regional development and to improving the quality of lifeand the day-to-day environment 
of ordinary people; 
Whereas the culture is an important area for action in the context of the information 
society, as highlighted in the Commission communication entitled Europe's way to the 
information society: an action plan3; 
Whereas Community action in research, technological development and demonstration is 
undertaken in accordance with the technological research and development Framework-
Programme4, which could be of benefit to this programme; 
Whereas the Commission has gained experience through the activities undertaken to date 
in the field of architectural heritage; 
Whereas the European Parliament attaches importance to Community action in favour of 
heritage, and in particular to training, research, raising the awareness of young people and 
adolescents, cooperation with non-member countries and the Council of Europe and links 
with other Community policies, particularly as regards training and regional 
development;5 
Whereas the European Parliament has passed resolutions on the contribution of the 
Community to work on restoring outstanding examples of the architectural heritage;6 
COM(94) 347 final 
Parliament and Council Decision 1110/94/EEC of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework 
programme of the European Community activities in the field of research and technological 
development and demonstration (1994 to 1998). 
European Parliament resolution on protecting the European cultural heritage, OJ No C 62, 
30.5.1974, p. 5-7. 
European Parliament resolution on the protection of the architectural and archaeological heritage, 
OJ No C 267, 11.10.1982, p. 25-29. 
European Parliament resolution on the conservation of the Community's architectural and 
archaeological heritage, OJ No C 309, 5.12.1988, p. 423-427. 
European Parliament resolution on preserving the architectural heritage and protecting cultural 
assets, OJ No C 72, 15.3.1993, p. 160-166. 
European Parliament resolution on economic aid to Mount Athos (monastery region), 
OJ No C 144, 15.6.1981, p. 92. 
European Parliament resolution on aid for the reconstruction of the Chiado district of Lisbon, 
OJ No C 262, 10.10.1988, p. 110. 
European Parliament resolution on the conservation of the Community's architectural and 
archaeological heritage, OJ No C 309, 5.12.1988, p. 423-427. 
European Parliament resolution on the fire at the Gran Teatro del Liceo (Barcelona), OJ No C 61, 
28.02. 1994, p. 184. 
10 
Whereas the Council has expressed an interest in closer cooperation in the areas of 
architectural heritage, works of art, artefacts and archives, in particular as regards the 
exchange of knowledge, documentation and training and in view of the important role of 
networks of cultural organizations in cultural cooperation in Europe;7 
Whereas in its communication "New prospects for Community cultural action"8 the 
Commission states that Community action should be extended to the movable heritage 
and steps taken to promote dialogue and cooperation between those involved and 
encourage the dissemination of experiences and specialized information; whereas the 
European Parliament and Council have encouraged this approach;9 
Whereas the European institutions have stressed the importance of integrating the 
different aspects of cultural heritage in a coherent Community action10 which takes 
account of the richness and diversity of the movable and non-movable heritage and 
supports the work of the numerous parties involved; 
Whereas Community action should take account of the changing nature of the definition 
of heritage and include all types of heritage by encouraging multidisciplinary approaches; 
10 Resolution of the Ministers responsible for Cultural Affairs meeting within the Council of 13 
November 1986 on the protection of Europe's architectural heritage, OJ No C 320,13.12.1986, p. 
1. 
Resolution of the Ministers with responsibility for Cultural Affairs meeting within the Council of 
13 November 1986 on the conservation of works of art and artefacts, OJ No C 320, 13.12.1986, 
P- 3. 
Resolution of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council of 14 November 
1991 on arrangements concerning archives, OJ No C 314, 5.12.1991, p. 2. 
Council conclusions of 17 June 1994 concerning greater cooperation in the field of archives, 
OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p. 3. 
Resolution of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council of 14 November 
1991 on European cultural networks, OJ No C 314, 5.12.1991, p. 1. 
COM(92) 149 final. 
European Parliament resolution on the Commission communication entitled 'New prospects for 
Community cultural action', OJ No C 42, 15.2.1993, p. 173-181, 
European Parliament resolution on Community policy in the field of culture, OJ No C 44, 
14.2.1994, p. 184-188. 
Conclusions of the Council and Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council of 
12 November 1992 on guidelines for Community cultural action, OJ No C 336,19.12.1992, p. 1-2. 
European Parliament resolution on preserving the architectural heritage and protecting cultural 
assets, OJ No C 72, 15.3.1993, p. 160-166. 
Council conclusions of 17 June 1994 on drawing up a Community Action Plan in the field of 
cultural heritage, OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p. 1. 
11 
Whereas the Commission has organized consultations with all interested parties, 
particularly the departments in the Member States, the professionals, non-governmental 
organizations, foundations and associations, with a view to preparing an action 
programme in the field of cultural heritage; 
Whereas there are numerous links between the cultural heritage in Europe and other non-
Community countries; whereas, therefore, this area is ideally suited to developing forms 
of cooperation with non-member countries and the competent international organizations, 
in accordance with the requirements of the Treaty and the conclusions of the resolutions 
cited above; 
Whereas the conclusions of the Copenhagen European Council of 21-23 June 1993 call 
for Community programmes to be opened up to the countries of Central and Eastern 
Europe that are party to association agreements; whereas the Community has signed 
cooperation agreements that include a section on culture with certain third countries; 
Whereas the present decision establishes, for the total duration of the programme and in 
the spirit of point 1 of the declaration by the Parliament, the Council and the 
Commission, a budgetary envelope which constitutes a privileged reference for the 
budgetary authority in the framework of the annual budgetary procedure; 
Whereas the implementation of the present programme relies on close cooperation with 
the national authorities, with a view to ensuring that Community action supports ans 
supplements activités at national level in confirming respect for the principle of 
subsidiary, as it is defined by article 3b of the Treaty. 
Whereas that, in the execution of its taks, the Commission is assisted by an advisory 
committee consisting of representatives of the Member States. 
12 
HAVE DECIDED AS FOLLOWS: 
Article 1 
A Community action programme in the field of cultural heritage, to be known as the 
Raphael Programme, is hereby established, with the aim of encouraging and 
supplementing action taken by the Member States. The Programme shall run from 
1 January 1996 to 31 December 2000. 
Article 2 
The specific objectives of the Raphael Programme shall be to: 
contribute to the development and promotion of cultural heritage; 
encourage cooperation and the European-level pooling of knowledge, expertise 
and practices in matters of heritage preservation; 
improve access to heritage and the supply of information on it for the public at 
large so as to contribute to the affirmation of a European citizenship through 
greater knowledge of heritage; 
support the stepping-up of research and common practices in the heritage field in 
order to realize Europe's potential; 
foster cooperation with non-member countries and competent international 
organizations, in particular the Council of Europe. 
13 
Article 3 
The Raphael Programme shall cover the movable and non-movable cultural heritage and 
consist of five types of action: 
I. Development and promotion of cultural heritage; 
H. Networks and partnerships; 
HI. Access, to heritage; 
IV. Innovation, further training and professional mobility; 
V. Cooperation with third countries and international organizations. 
The total appropriation for implementation of the entire programme shall be ECU 70 
million for the period 1996 - 2000. 
The budgetary authority shall determine the appropriations available for each financial 
year taking into account the principles of sound management referred to in article 2 of 
the Financial Regulation applicable to the general budget of the European Communities. 
The measures described in the Annex shall be applied to achieve the objectives laid down 
in Article 2, on the basis of the priorities as they are defined each year and they are 
implemented in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 6. 
The programme shall run for 5 years. It starts on 1 January 1996. 
Article 4 
In order to achieve the stated objectives, projects undertaken in the framework of the 
Raphael Programme must: 
have a European dimension and offer genuine added value with respect to action 
taken in the Member States; 
help to promote cultural heritage; 
14 
contribute to the development of better practices and greater knowledge and 
expertise in matters of conservation; • •l' <. :' 
be of relevance at Community level because of their exemplary or innovative and 
informative nature, or have a multiplier effect in cultural;' educational or 
socioeconomic terms. ' 
Article 5:--v. , •. • 
•». 
The Commission shall be assisted by an Advisory Committee, provided for in Article 4 
of the European Parliament and Council Decision establishing a programme to support 
artistic and cultural activities having European dimension (Kaleidoscope 2000 
Programme), consiting of one representative from each Member State and presided by a 
representative of the Commission. 
The Committee may consider any matter relating to the implementation of the 
programme. The Commission may consult the committee on general guidelines and on 
any other matter not provided in article 6. 
Article 6 
The representative of the Commission shall submit to the committee a draft of the 
measures to be taken and. specifically the annual plan of work for Actions II, 112, III3, 
ÏÏI4, V. The Committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft, within a time limit which 
the chairman may lay down according to the urgency of the matter, if necessary by taking 
a vote. 
The opinion shall be recorded in the minutes; in addition, each Member State shall have 
the right to ask to have its position recorded in the minutes. 
The Commission shall take the utmost account of the opinion delivered by the Committee. 
It shall inform the Committee of the manner in which its opinion has been taken into 
account. 
15 
Article 7 
The Commission shall ensure that the Raphael Programme is compatible with and 
complements o&er Community programmes and policies on cultural heritage. 
Article 8 
Three years after commencement of the Raphael Programme or by 30 September 1999, 
whichever shall be the earlier, the Commission shall present a report to the European 
Parliament, the Council and the Committee of the Regions evaluating the results achieved, 
together with appropriate proposals, where necessary, for adapting the programme in line 
with requirements arising in the course of implementation. 
After the end of the Raphael Programme but no later than 30 September 2001, the 
Commission, shall present a report on the implementation and results of the programme 
to the European Parliament, the Council and the Committee of the Regions. 
Article 9 
This Decision shall enter into force on the twentieth day following its publication in the 
Official Journal of the European Communities. 
Done at Brussels, 
For the European Parliament, For the Council, 
The President The President 
16 
ANNEX 
COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMME 
IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE 
THE RAPHAEL PROGRAMME 
The aim of the Raphael Programme is to support actions at European level in all heritage 
disciplines : non-movable heritage, archaeological heritage, underwater heritage, movable 
heritage, museums and collections, archives, etc. 
Action I - Development and promotion of cultural heritage 
The aim of this action is to contribute to the development and promotion of 
cultural heritage and to encourage the development and pooling of better 
conservation practices, by creating an environment conducive to the preservation 
of cultural heritage. 
The action involves the following measures: 
1. Support for projects to preserve the movable or non-movable heritage that 
qualify as "European heritage laboratories" by virtue of the interest or 
exemplary value of their content. The conservation work must relate to 
works, monuments or sites of exceptional historic importance which are 
special landmarks in Europe. The projects will be spread over several 
years and will seek to recruit the most highly-skilled staff, by appointing 
a multidisciplinary European team to study particularly difficult 
conservation problems and develop appropriate approaches, methods 
and/or techniques. Particular attention will be paid to sharing the 
experience gained in the course of this work. 
17 
2. Support for "European heritage sites" concerned with common themes 
related to the preservation of the movable and/or non-movable heritage. 
The projects must have exemplary value and a multiplier effect They may 
be spread over several consecutive years. The experience gained with 
regard to me management and/or conservation problem in question will be 
widely disseminated among the professionals. Themes will be selected 
according to the concerns of the various heritage disciplines.. 
3. Support for the development of European standards and/or 
recommendations with a view to improving good heritage conservation and 
management practice and, where appropriate, encouraging exchanges. The 
aim is to develop standards and/or recommendations at European level on, 
for example, documenting cultural goods, the conditions for loans of works 
of art for exhibitions, the passive conservation of works of art, fire 
protection for works of art, monuments, etc. Community support could be 
used for surveys, seminars, studies, etc. organized in the context of this 
work. 
4. Support on an experimental basis for joint management of major works of 
art by several European partners, in order to keep these works in Europe 
and present them to the public. 
5. Development of projects and studies with a cultural focus to complement 
other Community activities. Financial support could be given to projects 
that back up or complement Community action already taken pursuant to 
other Treaty provisions and are of particular interest to the heritage sector, 
to round tables and comparative studies aimed at collecting factual 
information on the situation in the Member States, and to impact 
assessments carried out as part of the preparation for new Community 
measures. 
18 
Action H - Networks and partnerships 
The aim of this action is to encourage the development of networks and 
parmerships to enhance transnational cooperation and contribute to exchanges, the 
pooling of experiences and the presentation of the European dimension of 
heritage. 
The action involves the following measures: 
1. Support for the creation of networks of "European heritage sites". The 
networks will be organized by theme and will, where necessary, bring 
public and private institutions, research centres and private companies with 
a special interest in heritage into contact with those responsible for 
managing the sites. The aim of the networks is to encourage the exchange 
of experience between project managers themselves and between them and 
other interested parties. Community support could, for example, be used 
to set up networks, organize seminars on the problems encountered on site 
and the work planned, and to disseminate the results to other interested 
parties. 
2. Collection and dissemination of specialized information aimed at the 
heritage sector, using appropriate information channels or relays 
(competent authorities, professional and non-governmental organizations, 
associations, etc.) and suitable media (paper, CD-ROM, CD-I, on-line). 
The information will relate to the drafting of comparative studies of 
practices and systems in the Member States mat might be of common 
interest, European cultural statistics and indicators, practical guides, 
manuals, directories and listings of innovative projects and Community 
activities of relevance to the cultural heritage. 
19 
3. Support for transnational cooperation projects between museums and/or 
monuments using multimedia or other forms of communication to 
highlight the European dimension of heritage and to show visitors to 
museums, monuments or sites examples of other related works, 
monuments or sites in other European countries. 
4. Support for cooperation proj ects between training institutes and/or research 
centres involved in heritage work. The measure is intended to develop the 
necessary instruments for setting up networks and/or parmerships, 
strengthening cooperation between them and pooling their experience. The 
financial aid awarded under these cooperation projects could be used for: 
drawing up inventories, by discipline, of further training courses; 
developing methods for evaluating training courses and carrying 
out joint analysis; 
conducting comparative studies on diplomas and qualifications in 
the field of cultural heritage and access to the heritage professions 
in the Member States; 
setting up networks and keeping their members informed; 
grants and exchanges for teachers, students and/or researchers; 
disseminating information about ongoing or completed research, 
particularly to people working in the heritage field; 
information on and/or access to new technologies and their use in 
the field of cultural heritage, etc. 
Synergies with other Community programmes, in particular in the fields 
of education and training, research and technological development should 
be clearly indicated. 
20 
Action HI - Access to heritage 
The aim of this action is to improve public access to the common heritage by 
encouraging projects to raise awareness that have a European dimension and by 
promoting the use of advanced information and communication technologies and 
services. 
The action involves the following measures: 
1. Inclusion of steps to raise public awareness in all projects receiving 
Community support under the Raphael Programme. Project sponsors will 
be asked to present ongoing or completed work to the public. The 
Commission will pursue the initiatives already developed in this field, such 
as the travelling exhibition and the audiovisual material to be devoted 
particularly to the European heritage laboratories and sites. 
2. Support for events to raise public awareness at European level, such as the 
European Heritage Days, events to mark Europe Day (9 May), the Mies 
van der Rohe European Architecture Prize, Europan, etc. 
3. Support for multilingual presentations in museums, monuments and sites 
aimed at nationals of other Member States. Projects might relate to 
presentational material, brochures, exhibition panels, electronic guide 
systems, audiovisual or multimedia products, etc. 
4. Support for applications of advanced information and communication 
technology and services giving professionals and the general public greater 
access to heritage. Projects must be of interest at European level and serve 
as models. 
Community support could be used for studies or seminars on a particular 
problem relating to the use of such technologies and services in the 
heritage sector or for pilot projects for studying and introducing practical 
applications. 
21 
Action IV - Innovation, further training and professional mobility 
The aim of this action is to encourage the exchange of experiences and promote 
cooperation, professional mobility and training for professionals in the heritage 
field. 
The action involves the following measures: 
1. Support for identifying requirements for heritage research at Community 
level, for the dissemination of the results of research to professionals in 
the heritage field and the development of practical applications for use by 
professionals working in the field. The measures will be conducted in 
conjunction with the framework programme on research, technological 
development and demonstration; any research measures will be carried out 
as part of the research and technological development framework 
programme in accordance with the provisions governing that programme. 
2. Support for the organization of conferences and colloquia or other similar 
training activities with a European character. 
3. Support for projects setting a European professional exchange programme 
for the various heritage disciplines and enabling people who already have 
solid professional experience to work for several months in an equivalent 
professional setting in another European country. Community support 
would cover organizing exchanges and the additional costs incurred, such 
as travel and accommodation. 
4. Support for basic and further training for professionals in the heritage field 
on the use of advanced information and communication technology and 
services. 
22 
Action V - Cooperation with third countries and international organizations 
The aim of this action is to develop projects with third countries and create 
synergies with activities undertaken by other international organizations, in 
particular the Council of Europe. 
The action would involve the following measures: 
1. Support for projects to preserve the movable and non-movable heritage, 
relating in particular to monuments and sites on the World Heritage List; 
2. Participation in projects related to the networks and partnerships or the 
extension of certain projects, such as comparative studies, to non-
Community countries; 
3. Participation in projects to make the heritage more accessible to the public, 
such as European Heritage Days; 
4. Encouragement for professionals in the heritage field to participate in 
activities to promote research, further training and professional mobility. 
Community support for cultural cooperation projects with third countries is 
organized in a similar way to that for projects relating to countries in the 
European Union, on the basis of the agreements in force. Efforts will be made to 
achieve synergies with the competent international organizations, particularly the 
Council of Europe, while respecting the identity and freedom of action of each 
institution and organization. 
23 
EUROPEAN COMMISSION 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
RAPHAEL - 5 YEARS 
TITLE OF OPERATION 
A Community action programme in the field of cultural heritage - the Raphael 
Programme 
BUDGET HEADING INVOLVED 
B3-2000 Protection and development of the European cultural heritage 
LEGAL BASIS 
Article 128 of the Treaty 
Parliament and Council Decision of establishing a Community action 
programme in the field of cultural heritage - the Raphael Programme 
4. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION 
4.1. General objective 
The purpose of European Union action in support of culture is to contribute to the 
creation of "an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe"1 and to "the 
flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while respecting their national and 
regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common cultural heritage to 
the fore".2 
In this way cultural action is intended to highlight the common heritage of the 
peoples of Europe and illustrate our dual cultural identity as being both national 
and European. 
1 Treaty on European Union, Article A. 
2 Article 128(1), EC Treaty. 
2A 
Heritage has a particularly important place in this context, since it is the product 
of the historical development of the culture of the peoples of Europe, whether at 
European, national, regional or local level. It displays extraordinary diversity and 
a remarkable wealth, reflecting the multiplicity of our identities and also bearing 
witness to the growing network of intellectual and artistic exchanges. 
Cultural heritage is the interface between our differences and our similarities, 
finding expression in movable and non-movable forms. 
Cultural action on heritage is principally intended to support and supplement 
action by Member States in the areas of: 
information supply on movable and non-movable heritage at European 
level; 
preservation and protection of common European cultural heritage; 
implementing cooperation with non-member countries and other 
international organizations working in this field. 
Action will focus on the following five areas: 
I. Development and promotion of cultural heritage in Europe; 
II. Networks and partnerships; 
III. Access to heritage; 
IV. Innovation, new technologies, further training and professional mobility; 
V. Cooperation with non-member countries and international organizations. 
4.1.1 Development and promotion of cultural heritage in Europe 
The aim is to foster the development of conservation techniques in the form of 
concrete projects in all heritage disciplines, such as movable and non-movable 
heritage, archaeology, museums and collections, archives and underwater heritage. 
Conservation techniques covers the full range of activities including, for example, 
identification, recording, presentation, display, conservation, restoration; 
documentation and management. 
Particular attention will be given to distributing information on thé results of the 
projects, which will be grouped into five categories: 
Work on heritage classified as "major" or "exceptional" so as to set up "European 
heritage laboratories" to form multidisciplinary international teams of European 
experts to study conservation problems and techniques for special landmarks that 
are of exemplary value in Europe or worldwide. These cooperation arrangements 
and the experience and results gained from them may then be used for more 
ordinary smaller-scale operations. 
Support for European heritage sites with common themes operating at regional, 
local or national level to promote interchange of experience so that all those 
2.r 
working in a given field may benefit from the common results by setting up 
"European heritage sites" for the purpose of experimentation and demonstration. 
Development of European standards on conservation practice as operated by 
international professional organizations, for example the documentation of cultural 
goods, loans of works of art and conservation. 
Promotion on an experimental basis of the acquisition and ioint management of 
maior works of art by several European partners so as to keep the works in 
Europe and make them accessible to the public throughout Europe. 
Projects and studies with a cultural focus to complement other Community 
activities. 
4.1.2 Networks and partnerships 
The aim is to step up cross-border cooperation, promote exchanges, pool 
experience and present the European dimension of heritage. The main activities 
fall under four headings: 
Support for networking of European heritage sites to encourage sites 
working on a similar theme to link up and form a network. 
Development and dissemination of information tools for use by networks 
of professionals to encourage production of guides, handbooks, directories 
and lists of Community activities on cultural heritage for people working 
in the various fields involved and networks. Maximum encouragement will 
be giving to dissemination using modern media such as CD ROM, 
electronic data transmission links and the like. 
Support for cross-border cooperation projects between museums to help 
highlight the European dimension of cultural heritage through cooperation 
between several museums or implementation of projects involving different 
monuments. 
Support for cooperation projects between institutes involving in particular 
projects on research, inventories, evaluation methods, grants and the like 
jointly run by several training or research institutes. 
i& 
4.1.3 Access to heritage 
The aim is to raise public awareness of the common European heritage and 
encourage projects of exemplary value. This will involve the following four areas 
of activity: 
; - Inclusion of steps to raise public awareness in projects financed bv the 
Community presenting work in progress to the public by organizing 
travelling exhibitions and developing audiovisual products. 
Support for events to raise public awareness at European level, such as 
organizing the European Heritage Days, organizing and supporting the 
Mies van der Rohe Architecture Prize, organizing events on European 
heritage on Europe Day (9 May) and supporting exemplary projects. 
Support for multilingual presentations, encouraging museums, monuments 
and sites in the Member States to display presentational material in various 
languages to make information on European cultural heritage more 
accessible for people from other countries. 
Support for projects on providing greater public and professional access 
to heritage through use of modern information and communication 
technologies, for example by linking up databases, developing multimedia 
projects, studies and seminars on issues relating to this field. 
4.1.4 Innovation, further training and professional mobility 
The protection of Europe's cultural heritage depends to a large extent on the 
existence of a sufficient number of high-calibre professionals qualified in the vast 
range of complex and varied disciplines which need to be brought together in 
order to see projects through to the end. 
In this context and in close cooperation with activities operated by other 
Commission departments, such as DG XII and the Task Force on Human 
Resources, so as to ensure that the measures complement existing and future 
programmes, the aim is to encourage exchanges, cooperation, mobility and further 
training for professionals in the heritage field under the following three headings: 
Support for identifying research problems and disseminating results so as 
to help define areas and subjects requiring Community-level research, 
promote the dissemination of the results obtained throughout the profession 
and foster the development of concrete applications. 
e> 
Encouragement for organizing conferences, colloquia and seminars with 
a European or worldwide character bringing together European experts to 
exchange experiences and innovations in various subject areas. 
Support for setting up a professional exchange programme enabling 
specialists to work for several months in an equivalent professional setting 
in another Member State. 
4.1.5. Cooperation with non-member countries and international organizations 
The aim is to develop projects with non-member countries, in particular by 
extending the programme to the countries of central and eastern Europe which 
have signed cooperation agreements with the European Union, and to cooperate 
on certain projects with certain countries in Latin America and the Commonwealth 
of Independent States. 
Cooperation with international organizations will involve seeking synergy 
arrangements, in particular with UNESCO and Council of Europe activities, as 
well as developing complementary activities and partnerships. 
The Commission hopes to foster regular consultations with these organizations on 
subjects and activities of common interest and possibly also join in setting up a 
cooperation project between UNESCO, the Council of Europe and the European 
Union on monuments and sites on the World Heritage List. 
Four main areas of action are planned: 
Support for preservation projects involving both movable and non-movable 
heritage and, in particular monuments and sites on the World Heritage 
List. 
Participation in projects relating to networks and partnerships. 
Participation in projects to make heritage more accessible to the public. 
Participation in activities to promote innovation, further training and 
professional mobility. 
4.2. Period covered and arrangements for renewal or extension 
Five years (1996-2000) 
Possibility of renewal following evaluation 
In the event of renewal, a new Council Decision would be required. 
U 
5. CLASSIFICATION OF EXPENDITURE OR REVENUE 
5.1. Non-compulsory expenditure 
5.2. Differentiated appropriations 
6. TYPE OF EXPENDITURE OR REVENUE 
The planned financial support will cover only a portion of the cost of the 
measures up to a maximum of 50%. 
The only cases where funding may go above 50% or even cover 100% are: 
research work and projects carried out by third parties where requested directly 
by the Commission; 
organization of meetings and conferences held on the Commission's initiative; 
grants to young researchers and professionals in training or as part of exchange 
measures. 
7. FINANCIAL IMPACT 
7.1. Method of calculating total cost of opération (definition of unit costs) 
7.1.1. Development and promotion of cultural heritage 
1.1. European heritage laboratories: financial support for "Memorable sites" 
projects. Over the five years a total budget of ECU 10.4 million is 
planned. 
10.000.000 Ecus 
1.2. Support for European heritage sites working on common themes relating 
to the preservation of movable and/or non-movable heritage. Over the five 
years 200 to 250 sites are to be supported. 
19.200.000 Ecus 
1.3. Support for the development of European standards to improve good 
practice and, where appropriate, encourage exchanges: support for carrying 
out studies on standards and/or recommendations on documenting cultural 
goods, loan terms for exhibitions, passive conservation of works of art 
and, possibly, protection against fire for art objects, works of art and 
monuments. The planned budget for the five years is: 
it 
1.000.000 Ecus 
1.4. Support on an experimental basis for the acquisition and joint management 
of major works of art by several European partners in order to keep the 
works in Europe and present them to the public. The planned budget for 
the five years is: 
1.400.000 Ecus 
1.5. Development of projects and studies with a cultural focus to complement 
other Community activities: (in particular DGs VI, VIII, XI, XII, XIII, 
XVI, XXII, XXIII): 
2.100.000 Ecus 
Sub-total Action I: 33.700.000 Ecus 
7.1.2. Networks and partnerships 
2.1. Support for the creation of networks of European heritage sites: setting up 
networks and organizing seminars on problems encountered in disseminating 
know-how within the profession. The planned budget for the five years is: 
1.500.000 Ecus 
2.2. Collection and dissemination of specialized information aimed at the heritage 
sector using appropriate information channels or relays and suitable media (such 
as paper, CD-I, CD-ROM and on-line): drawing up of thirty or so comparative 
studies over the five years on practices and systems in the Member States that are 
of common interest, European statistics and cultural indicators, practical guides, 
manuals, directories and collections of innovative projects and information on 
Community activities relating to cultural heritage. The planned budget for the five 
years is: 
1.500.000 Ecus 
2.3. Support for, at the most, 15 to 20 transnational cooperation projects over the five 
years between museums and/or monuments using multimedia or other forms of 
communication. The planned budget for the five years is: 
2.800.000 Ecus 
2.4. Support for cooperation projects between institutes (on training and research, etc.) 
with a total budget over the five years of: 
> 
3.100.000 Ecus 
Sub-total Action II: 8.900.000 Ecus 
7.1.3. Access to heritage 
3.1. Presentation of projects receiving Community support (travelling exhibitions, 
audiovisual products) with a total budget over the five years of: 
3.400.000 Ecus 
3.2. Support for events to raise public awareness (the European Heritage Days, 
European heritage camps, etc.) for an overall amount over the five years of: 
3.600.000 Ecus 
3.3. Support for multilingual presentations in forty or so museums, monuments and 
sites over the five years with a total budget of: 
1.700.000 Ecus 
3.4. Support for applications of advanced information and communication technology 
and services giving professionals and the general public greater access to heritage: 
support for setting up from 25 to 35 pilot projects over the five years to research 
and implement concrete.applications for museums and/or archaeological sites. The 
amount deemed necessary for the five years is: 
3.400.000 Ecus 
Sub-total Action III: 12.100.000 Ecus 
7.1.4. Innovation, further training and professional mobility 
4.1. Support for identifying problems (dissemination of research findings to 
professionals, etc.) and for disseminating methods using new technologies and for 
identifying the best ways of supporting development of about a dozen concrete 
applications for use by professionals in the field. The total budget required for the 
five years is put at: 
1.100.000 Ecus 
4.2. Support for the organization of conferences and colloquia or other further training 
activities with a European character, the total amount required for the five years 
is put at: 
y 
2300.000 Ecus 
4.3. Support for projects relating to European programmes of professional exchanges 
in different heritage disciplines with a total amount over the five years of: 
3.200.000 Ecus 
Sob-total Action IV: 6.600.000 Ecus 
7.1.5. Cooperation with non-member countries and international organizations 
7.1.5.1 Support for projects to preserve movable and non-movable heritage, 
relating in particular to monuments and sites on the World Heritage List 
with a total amount over the five years of: 
3.100.000 Ecus 
7.1.5.2. Participation in projects related to networks and partnerships or 
implementation of complementary projects, with a budget over the five 
years of: 
900.000 Ecus 
7.1.5.3. Participation in projects to make heritage more accessible to the public 
with a total amount over five years of: 
800.000 Ecus 
7.1.5.4. Participation by heritage professionals in activities to promote innovation, 
further training and professional mobility with a total budget over the five 
years of: 
900.000 Ecus 
Sub-total Action V: 5.700.000 Ecus 
7.2. Itemized breakdown of cost 
The table below shows the breakdown for headings 7.1.1 to 7.1.5. 
*^ 
Breakdown 
7.1.1 Development and 
promotion of heritage 
7.1.2 Networks and 
partnerships 
7.1.3 Access to 
heritage 
7.1.4 Innovation, new 
technologies and 
mobility 
7.1.5 cooperation with 
non-member countries 
and international 
organizations 
TOTAL Budget 
1996 
5.4 
1.2 
2.0 
0.8 
0.6 
10 1997 
6.0 
1.2 
2.0 
1.0 
0.8 
11 1998 
6.6 
1.8 
2.4 
1.2 
1.0 
13 1999 
7.1 
2.1 
2.8 
1.6 
1.4 
15 2000 
8.6 
2.6 
2.9 
2.0 
1.9 
18 TOTAL 
33.7 
8.9 
12.1 
6.6 
5.7 
67 
7.3. Indicative schedule of appropriations 
7.3.1. Schedule for proposed new operation 
Commitment 
appropriations 
Payment 
appropriations 1996 
Payment 
appropriations 1997 
Payment 
appropriations 1998 
Payment 
appropriations 1999 
Payment 
appropriations 2000 
I Payment 
i appropriations 2001 
| TOTAL 1996 
10 
8 
2 
-
-
-
-
10 1997 
11 
-
9 
2 
-
-
."-
» 1998 
13 
-
- • 
10 
3 
-
-
13 1999 
15 
-
-
-
12 
3 
-
15 2000 
18 
-
-
-
-
16 
2 
18 
bmnxaa TOTAL 
67 
8 
11 
12 
15 
19 
2 J 
67 1 
N.B. Expenditure on studies, technical assistance, meetings and publications is included in the various 
headings and estimates in this table, accounting for approximately ECU 6 million overall. 
10 
11 
7.3.2. Schedule for the preliminary draft budget for multiannual operations" 
Period of application of Raphael programme 1996-2000 
Prelim, 
draft 
budget 
1996 
10 INDICATIVE PLAN 
1997 
11 1998 
13 1999 
15 2000 
18 TOTAL 
67 
8. FRAUD PREVENTION MEASURES: RESULTS OF MEASURES TAKEN 
Payment will be made only after production of detailed supporting documents and 
financial and accounting statements. 
An activity report must be submitted for each project when final payment is made. 
In addition, the various control bodies (the Court of Auditors, Financial Control 
and the Authorizing Officer) will make regular checks on the management bodies 
conducting the activities and on end-beneficiaries. 
9. ELEMENTS OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS 
9.1. Specific and quantified objectives; target population 
9.1.1. Specific objectives 
The specific aims of the RAPHAEL programme are: 
- to contribute to the development and promotion of cultural heritage in Europe 
by assisting in the renovation and development of a large number of 
monuments and sites throughout the programme (see 7.1.1); 
- to create synergy among professionals for the purpose of European-level 
pooling of expertise, know-how and practices for preserving and restoring 
heritage, in particular by supporting a significant number of European heritage 
sites for both movable and non-movable heritage so as to raise the level of 
training in the profession as a whole (the specific objective is to support 
between 200 and 250 sites over the five years); 
- to improve public access to heritage through joint acquisitions and joint 
management of major works of art so that collections of art which, without the 
programme, would have remained scattered, undervalued and inaccessible will 
be on display to the general public in the various Member States; 
11 
^ 
to contribute to collecting, disseminating and presenting heritage information 
using modern communication technologies, such as multimedia. The specific 
objective is to create a core of comparative studies on the systems used in the 
Member States (about 20 studies over the five years) and make the results 
available to all those working in the profession; 
to promote networking among heritage professionals and organizations. The 
specific objective is to support 15 to 20 transnational projects over the five 
years using multimedia and other modern means of communication; 
9.1.2. Target population 
The target population is first and foremost professionals in various fields working 
on heritage as well as organizations and networks, such as museums and 
collections. 
The programme also covers research instimtes and initial and further training 
institutes involved in various areas of cultural heritage. 
The programme will improve public familiarity with and awareness of the scope, 
quality and wealth of Europe's shared cultural heritage. 
9.2. Grounds for the operation 
The Raphael programme is to achieve its aims through the five areas of action 
listed above, covering both movable and non-movable heritage. 
Projects under the programme must have a European dimension and have genuine 
value added in relation to activities conducted by Member States; European-level 
networking of museums is an obvious example of such Community-level value 
added. 
Projects should also be of Community-level interest with exemplary, innovative 
or informative content and contribute to the promotion of Europe's cultural 
heritage. 
Particular attention will be paid to the multiplier effect of each project in cultural 
terms when funding decisions are made. 
Subsidiarity is a key element and approval will be given only to projects which 
bring together operators in several Member States and where Community aid will 
add a necessary supplementary dimension to the implementation of the activities. 
When selecting projects, the panels will examine whether they could be eligible 
to receive national or regional subsidies. Where this is the case, careful attention 
will be given to ensure that Community funding does not overlap with funding 
from other sources so as to avoid duplication. 
In brief, the project selection criteria are Community-level value added; 
innovative, exemplary and informative nature; multiplier effects and Community 
dimension. 
12 
If 
9.3. Monitoring and evaluation of the operation 
9.3.1. Performance indicators 
The main performance indicators to be used initially will be: 
- number of works of art acquired through joint management (output); 
- number of networks supported or set up by the programme (output); 
- number of cross-border projects developed using modern techniques (output); 
- number of visitors to the travelling exhibitions organized (output); 
- number of awareness events supported (output); 
- number of heritage access pilot projects aimed at the public (output); 
- number of exchange projects supported (output); 
In addition to these output indicators, a series of impact indicators is to be subsequently 
developed. For this purpose, a study is to be drawn up in conjunction with the Statistical 
Office to test the reliability of the indicators. The following impact indicators could for 
example be used: 
- analysis of the media impact of the programme's symbolic value in the 
European press as a whole and in specialized professional journals in order to 
evaluate the impact of support financing on the restoration of prestigious 
heritage sites and sites of European or world importance (qualitative impact 
indicator); 
- Europe-wide dissemination of standards, passive conservation procedures and 
documentation systems supported by the programme (output and impact 
indicators); 
- Europe-wide circulation of jointly managed works (impact indicator); 
- networks supported under the programme as a proportion of total European 
networks (impact); 
- cross-border projects supported under the programme as a proportion of the 
total projects of this type in Europe (impact); 
- events supported under the programme as a proportion of total European 
events (impact); 
- pilot projects supported under the programme as a proportion of total 
European pilot projects (impact); 
- exchange projects supported under the programme as a proportion of total 
European exchange projects (impact). 
9.3.2. Details and frequency of planned evaluations 
13 
3* 
9.3.2.1. Details of evaluation 
In 1996 the Raphael programme will take over from the Heritage pilot operation which 
is due to finish at the end of 1995. The results of the pilot operation are currently being 
assessed by a panel of outside experts. The cost-performance study is due to be completed 
by the end of May. It will be used as the input for defining in detail the intervention and 
selection mechanisms and the management and evaluation systems for the Raphael 
programme. 
The main areas of operation for the Raphael programme were drawn up following 
consultations with people in the profession and numerous discussions and deliberations 
with experts in the heritage field, which were held in 1993 and 1994. 
Calls for propositions are to be published annually to enable project promoters and 
heritage professionals to submit applications for financing under the Raphael programme 
on an open basis. 
Selection of projects and dossiers to receive financing will be made by the Commission 
departments assisted by a jury of independent experts who will make a comparative 
analysis of the projects and assess the advantages and Community interest of each 
operation. 
The Raphael programme will be monitored by an advisory committee made up of 
representatives nominated by each Member State. The committee will issue opinions on 
the subjects and content of the operations which the Commission proposes to support. 
Each year an evaluation report will be submitted to the committee and simultaneously to 
Parliament and the Committee of the Regions. It will be drawn up on the basis of the 
workings of the juries, decisions and inspections by Commission departments and a 
summary of the activity reports submitted at the end of each operation. 
In addition, half-way through the programme the Commission will submit an overall 
evaluation report, drawn up by an independent audit panel, to Parliament, the Council and 
the Committee of the Regions together with proposals for amendments and improvements, 
if deemed necessary. 
At the end of the programme a complete evaluation report will be produced reviewing the 
contents and achievements of the programme. It will be submitted to Parliament, the 
Council and the Committee of the Regions by 30 September of the year following the 
expiry of the programme. 
9.3.2.2. Frequency of evaluation 
Annually for the on-going evaluations 
Mid-term and at the end of the programme for the external and full evaluations on all the 
programme mechanisms and on its performance assessment. 
14 
Mr 
9.3.3. Assessment of results obtained 
The results obtained, which will be evaluated in the ways set out in paragraph 9.3.2. or 
in the periodic global evaluation exercises, will be used by the Commission to make the 
necessary changes to the priorities, intervention mechanisms and technical and 
management procedures of the programme. There will be an annual feedback exercise 
within the Commission. 
The Council, Parliament and the Committee of the Regions will be kept informed of the 
annual results and the annual or periodic evaluations, and proposals for any major 
amendments which may be deemed necessary will be submitted to them. 
15 
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