P8_TA(2018)0520

Establishing the space programme of the Union and European Union Agency for the Space Programme ***I

Amendments adopted by the European Parliament on 13 December 2018 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the space programme of the Union and the European Union Agency for the Space Programme and repealing Regulations (EU) No 912/2010, (EU) No 1285/2013, (EU) No 377/2014 and Decision 541/2014/EU (COM(2018)0447 — C8-0258/2018 — 2018/0236(COD)) (1)

(Ordinary legislative procedure: first reading)

(2020/C 388/44)

Amendment 1

Draft legislative resolution

Citation 5 a (new)

Draft legislative resolution Amendment — having regard to the Commission communication of 14 September 2016 entitled ‘Connectivity for a Competitive Digital Single Market — Towards a European Gigabit Society’ (COM(2016)0587) and the accompanying Commission staff working document (SWD(2016)0300),

Amendment 2

Draft legislative resolution

Citation 5 b (new)

Draft legislative resolution Amendment — having regard to the Commission communication of 14 September 2016 entitled ‘5G for Europe: An Action Plan’ (COM(2016)0588) and the accompanying Commission staff working document (SWD(2016)0306),

Amendment 3

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 1

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (1) Space technology, data and services have become indispensable in the daily lives of Europeans and play an essential role in preserving many strategic interests. The Union’s space industry is already one of the most competitive in the world. However, the emergence of new players and the development of new technologies are revolutionising traditional industrial models. It is therefore crucial that the Union remains a leading international player with extensive freedom of action in the space domain, that it encourages scientific and technical progress and support the competitiveness and innovation capacity of space sector industries within the Union, in particular small and medium-sized enterprises, start-ups and innovative businesses. (1) Space technology, data and services have become indispensable in the daily lives of Europeans and play an essential role in preserving many strategic interests. The Union’s space industry is already one of the most competitive in the world. However, the emergence of new players and the development of new technologies are revolutionising traditional industrial models. It is therefore crucial that the Union remains a leading international player with extensive freedom of action in the space domain, that it encourages scientific and technical progress and support the competitiveness and innovation capacity of space sector industries within the Union, in particular small and medium-sized enterprises, start-ups and innovative businesses. At the same time, it is important to create the appropriate conditions to ensure a global level playing field for companies active in the space sector.

Amendment 4

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (2) The space sector’s development has historically been linked to security. In many cases, the equipment, components and instruments used in the space sector are dual-use goods. The possibilities that space offers for the security of the Union and its Member States should therefore be exploited. (2) The space sector’s development has historically been linked to security. In many cases, the equipment, components and instruments used in the space sector are dual-use goods. The possibilities that space and autonomous access to space offers for the security and independence of the Union and its Member States should therefore be exploited.

Amendment 5

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 3

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (3) The Union has been developing its own space initiatives and programmes since the end of the 1990s, namely the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) and then Galileo and Copernicus, which respond to the needs of Union citizens and the requirements of public policies. Not only should the continuity of those initiatives be ensured but they must also be improved, so that they remain at the forefront in view of new technology development and the transformations in the digital and information and communications technology domains, meet the new needs of users and are able to meet political priorities such as climate change, including monitoring changes in the Artic, security and defence . (3) The Union has been developing its own space initiatives and programmes since the end of the 1990s, namely the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) and then Galileo and Copernicus, which respond to the needs of Union citizens and the requirements of public policies. The continuity of those initiatives , as well as their uptake and use, should be ensured and must also be improved, so that they remain at the forefront in view of new technology development and the transformations in the digital and information and communications technology domains, meet the new needs of users and are able to meet political priorities . The Programme should promote space-based services also so that all Member States and their citizens can fully reap the benefits of the Programme .

Amendment 6

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 4

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (4) The Union needs to ensure its freedom of action and autonomy to have access to space and be able to use it safely. It is therefore essential that it maintains autonomous, reliable and cost-effective access to space, especially as regards critical infrastructure and technology, public security and the security of the Union and its Member States. The Commission should therefore have the possibility to aggregate launch services at European level, both for its own needs and, at their request, for those of other entities, including Member States, in conformity with the provisions of Article 189(2) of the Treaty. It is also crucial that the Union continues to have modern, efficient and flexible launch infrastructure facilities. In addition to measures taken by Member States and the European Space Agency, the Commission should consider ways to support such facilities. In particular, where space ground infrastructure necessary to perform launches in line with the needs of the Programme is to be maintained or upgraded, it should be possible to partially fund such adaptations under the Programme, in line with the Financial Regulation and where a clear EU value added can be established, with the view of achieving a better cost efficiency for the Programme. (4) The Union needs to ensure its freedom of action and autonomy to have access to space and be able to use it safely. It is therefore essential that it maintains autonomous, reliable and cost-effective access to space , including alternative launching technologies and innovative systems or services , especially as regards critical infrastructure and technology, public security and the security of the Union and its Member States. The Commission should therefore have the possibility to aggregate launch services at European level, both for its own needs and, at their request, for those of other entities, including Member States, in conformity with the provisions of Article 189(2) of the Treaty. It is also crucial that the Union continues to have modern, efficient and flexible launch infrastructure facilities. In addition to measures taken by Member States and the European Space Agency, the Commission should consider ways to support such facilities. In particular, where space ground infrastructure necessary to perform launches in line with the needs of the Programme is to be maintained or upgraded, it should be possible to partially fund such adaptations under the Programme, in line with the Financial Regulation and where a clear EU value added can be established, with the view of achieving a better cost efficiency for the Programme.

Amendment 7

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 5

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (5) To strengthen the competitiveness of the Union space industry and gain capacities in designing, building and operating its own systems, the Union should support the creation, growth, and development of the entire space industry. The emergence of a business- and innovation-friendly model should be supported at European, regional and national levels by establishing space hubs that bring together the space, digital and user sectors. The Union should foster the expansion of Union-based space companies to help them succeed, including by supporting them in accessing risk finance in view of the lack, within the Union, of appropriate access to private equity for space start-ups and by creating innovation partnerships (first contract approach). (5) To strengthen the competitiveness of the Union space industry and gain capacities in designing, building and operating its own systems, the Union should support the creation, growth, and development of the entire space industry. The emergence of a business- and innovation-friendly model should be supported at European, regional and national levels by initiatives such as space hubs that bring together the space, digital and user sectors. Space hubs should work in cooperation with the digital innovation hubs to foster entrepreneurship and skills. The Union should foster the creation and expansion of Union-based space companies to help them succeed, including by supporting them in accessing risk finance in view of the lack, within the Union, of appropriate access to private equity for space start-ups and by creating innovation partnerships (first contract approach).

Amendment 8

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 6

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (6) Owing to its coverage and its potential to help resolve global challenges, the space programme of the Union (‘Programme’) has a strong international dimension. The Commission should therefore be enabled to manage, on behalf of the Union, and coordinate activities on the international scene on behalf of the Union, in particular to defend the interests of the Union and its Member States in international fora, including in the area of frequencies, to promote the Union's technology and industry, and to encourage cooperation in the field of training, bearing in mind the need to ensure the reciprocity of the rights and obligations of the parties. It is particularly important that the Union be represented by the Commission in the bodies of the International Cospas-Sarsat Programme or in relevant sectoral UN bodies including the Food and Agriculture Organisation, as well as the World Meteorological Organisation. (6) Owing to its coverage and its potential to help resolve global challenges, the space programme of the Union (‘Programme’) has a strong international dimension. The Commission should therefore be enabled to manage, on behalf of the Union, and coordinate activities on the international scene on behalf of the Union, in particular to defend the interests of the Union and its Member States in international fora, including in the area of frequencies . The Commission should strengthen economic diplomacy to promote the Union's technology and industry, and to encourage cooperation in the field of training, bearing in mind the need to ensure the reciprocity of the rights and obligations of the parties and fair competition at international level . It is particularly important that the Union be represented by the Commission in the bodies of the International Cospas-Sarsat Programme or in relevant sectoral UN bodies including the Food and Agriculture Organisation, as well as the World Meteorological Organisation.

Amendment 9

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 7

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (7) The Commission should promote, alongside the Member States and the High Representative, responsible behaviour in space and outer space and explore the possibility for accession to the relevant UN Conventions. (7) The Commission should promote, alongside the Member States and the High Representative, responsible behaviour in space and outer space , in particular in finding solutions against the space debris proliferation and explore the possibility for accession to the relevant UN Conventions , including the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (the Outer Space Treaty) .

Amendment 10

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 8

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (8) The Programme shares similar objectives with other Union programmes, notably Horizon Europe, InvestEU Fund, European Defence Fund and Funds under Regulation (EU) [Common Provisions Regulation]. Therefore, cumulative funding from those programmes should be foreseen, provided they do cover the same cost items , in particular through arrangements for complementary funding from Union programmes where management modalities permit — either in sequence, in an alternating way, or through the combination of funds including for the joint funding of actions, allowing, where possible, innovation partnerships and blending operations. During the implementation of the Programme, the Commission should therefore promote synergies with other related Union programmes which would allow, where possible, use of access to risk finance, innovation partnerships, cumulative or blended funding. (8) The Programme shares similar objectives with other Union programmes, notably Horizon Europe, InvestEU Fund, European Defence Fund and Funds under Regulation (EU) [Common Provisions Regulation]. Therefore, cumulative funding from those programmes should be foreseen, provided they do cover the same costs , in particular through arrangements for complementary funding from Union programmes where management modalities permit — either in sequence, in an alternating way, or through the combination of funds including for the joint funding of actions, allowing, where possible, innovation partnerships and blending operations. During the implementation of the Programme, the Commission should therefore promote synergies with other related Union programmes which would allow, where possible, use of access to risk finance, innovation partnerships, cumulative or blended funding. It is important to ensure continuity between the solutions developed through Horizon Europe and other Union programmes and the components of the Programme.

Amendment 11

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 10 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (10 a) Around 200 000 professionals are employed in the Union space sector. Therefore, it is essential to continue developing the state-of-the-art infrastructure of that sector and thereby stimulate upstream and downstream economic activities. In addition, to ensure the competitiveness of the European space industry in the future, the Programme should support the development of advanced skills in space-related fields and support education and training activities, with a special focus on girls and women, in order to realise the full potential of Union citizens in that area.

Amendment 12

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 13 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (13a) The Programme should exploit the synergies between the space and transport sectors, taking into consideration that space technologies play a strategic role in making land, maritime, air and space transport smarter, more efficient, safer, more secure, sustainable and integrated and at the same time a growing, innovative transport sector will increase the request of innovative and up-to-date space technologies.

Amendment 13

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 14

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (14) Any revenue generated by the Programme should accrue to the Union in order to partially offset the investments that it has already made, and that revenue should be used to support the objectives of the Programme. For the same reason, it should be possible to provide for a revenue-sharing mechanism in contracts concluded with private sector entities. (14) Revenue generated by the components of the Programme should accrue to the Union in order to partially offset the investments that it has already made, and that revenue should be used to support the achievement of the objectives of the Programme. For the same reason, it should be possible to provide for a revenue-sharing mechanism in contracts concluded with private sector entities.

Amendment 14

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 16

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (16) The Programme relies on complex and constantly changing technologies. The reliance on such technologies results in uncertainty and risk for public contracts concluded under this programme, insofar as those contracts involve long-term commitments to equipment or services. Specific measures concerning public contracts are therefore required in addition to the rules laid down in the Financial Regulation. It should thus be possible to award a contract in the form of a conditional stage-payment contract, introduce an amendment, under certain conditions, in the context of its performance, or impose a minimum level of subcontracting. Lastly, given the technological uncertainties that characterise the components of the Programme, contract prices cannot always be forecast accurately and it should therefore be possible to conclude contracts without stipulating a firm fixed price and to include clauses to safeguard the financial interests of the Union. (16) The Programme relies on complex and constantly changing technologies. The reliance on such technologies results in uncertainty and risk for public contracts concluded under this programme, insofar as those contracts involve long-term commitments to equipment or services. Specific measures concerning public contracts are therefore required in addition to the rules laid down in the Financial Regulation. It should thus be possible to award a contract in the form of a conditional stage-payment contract, introduce an amendment, under certain conditions, in the context of its performance, or impose a minimum level of subcontracting , in particular to small and medium-sized enterprises and start-ups . Lastly, given the technological uncertainties that characterise the components of the Programme, contract prices cannot always be forecast accurately and it should therefore be possible to conclude contracts without stipulating a firm fixed price and to include clauses to safeguard the financial interests of the Union.

Amendment 15

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 25

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (25) Sound public governance of the Programme requires the strict distribution of responsibilities and tasks among the different entities involved to avoid duplication and reduce cost overruns and delays. (25) Sound public governance of the Programme requires the strict distribution of responsibilities and tasks among the different entities involved to avoid duplication and reduce cost overruns and delays , and should aim to prioritise the use of existing European infrastructure and developing the European professional and industrial sectors .

Amendment 16

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 25 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (25a) The Space Programmes are user-driven and therefore require the continuous, effective involvement of users' representatives for their implementation and development.

Amendment 17

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 26

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (26) Member States have long been active in the field of space. They have systems, infrastructure, national agencies and bodies linked to space. They can therefore make a big contribution the Programme, especially its implementation, and should be required to cooperate fully with the Union to promote the Programme’s services and applications. The Commission should be able to mobilise the means at Member States' disposal, might entrust the Member States with non-regulatory tasks in the execution of the Programme and benefit from their assistance. Moreover, the Member States concerned should take all necessary measures to ensure the protection of the ground stations established on their territories. In addition, Member States and the Commission should work together and with appropriate international bodies and regulatory authorities to ensure that the frequencies necessary for the Programme are available and protected to allow for the full development and implementation of applications based on the services offered, in compliance with Decision No 243/2012/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2012 establishing a multiannual radio spectrum policy programme (15). (26) Member States have long been active in the field of space. They have systems, infrastructure, national agencies and bodies linked to space. They can therefore make a big contribution to the Programme, especially to its implementation, and should be required to cooperate fully with the Union to promote the Programme’s services and applications. The Commission should be able to mobilise the means at Member States' disposal, might entrust the Member States with non-regulatory tasks in the execution of the Programme and benefit from their assistance. Moreover, the Member States concerned should take all necessary measures to ensure the protection of the ground stations established on their territories. In addition, Member States and the Commission should work together and with appropriate international bodies and regulatory authorities to ensure that the frequencies necessary for the Programme are available and have adequate protection to allow for the full development and implementation of applications based on the services offered, in compliance with Decision No 243/2012/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2012 establishing a multiannual radio spectrum policy programme (15).

Amendment 18

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 27

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (27) As promoter of the Union’s general interest, it falls to the Commission to implement the Programme, assume overall responsibility and promote their use. In order to optimise the resources and competences of the various stakeholders, the Commission should be able to delegate certain tasks. Moreover the Commission is the best placed to determine the main technical and operational specifications necessary to implement systems and services evolution. (27) As promoter of the Union’s general interest, it falls to the Commission to supervise the implementation of the Programme, assume overall responsibility and promote their use. In order to optimise the resources and competences of the various stakeholders, the Commission should be able to delegate certain tasks. Moreover the Commission is the best placed to determine the main requirements necessary to implement systems and services evolution.

Amendment 19

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 28

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (28) The mission of the European Union Agency for the Space Programme (‘the Agency’), which replaces and succeeds the European GNSS Agency established by Regulation (EU) No 912/2010, is to contribute to the Programme, particularly as regards security . Certain tasks linked to the security and promotion of the Programme should therefore be assigned to the Agency. In relation to security in particular, and given its experience in this area, the Agency should be responsible for the security accreditation tasks for all the Union actions in the space sector. Furthermore, it should perform the tasks which the Commission confers on it by means of one or more contribution agreements covering various other specific tasks associated with the programme. (28) The mission of the European Union Agency for the Space Programme (‘the Agency’), which replaces and succeeds the European GNSS Agency established by Regulation (EU) No 912/2010, is to contribute to the Programme, particularly as regards security , cybersecurity and promotion of the services and the downstream sector. Tasks linked to those areas should therefore be assigned to the Agency. In relation to security in particular, and given its experience in this area, the Agency should be responsible for the security accreditation tasks for all the Union actions in the space sector. Building on its positive track record in promoting the user and market uptake of Galileo and EGNOS and with a view to promoting the programmes as a package, the Agency should also be entrusted with undertaking promotional and commercialisation activities for Copernicus. Furthermore, it should perform the tasks which the Commission confers on it by means of one or more contribution agreements covering various other specific tasks associated with the programme.

Amendment 20

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 29

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (29) The European Space Agency is an international organisation with extensive expertise in the space domain and which entered into a Framework Agreement with the European Community in 2004. It is therefore an important partner in the implementation of the Programme, with which any appropriate relations should be established. In this regard, and in compliance with the Financial Regulation, it is important to conclude a financial framework partnership agreement with the European Space Agency that governs all financial relations between the Commission, the Agency and the European Space Agency and ensures their consistency and conform to the Framework Agreement with the European Space Agency, in particular with Article 5 thereof. However, as the European Space Agency is not a Union body and is not subject to Union law, it is essential, in order to protect the interests of the Union and its Member States , that such an agreement be conditional on the introduction of appropriate operating rules in the European Space Agency . The agreement should also contain all the clauses necessary to safeguard the Union’s financial interests. (29) The European Space Agency is an international organisation with extensive expertise in the space domain and which entered into a Framework Agreement with the European Community in 2004. It is therefore an important partner in the implementation of the Programme, with which any appropriate relations should be established. In this regard, and in compliance with the Financial Regulation, it is important to conclude a financial framework partnership agreement with the European Space Agency that governs all financial relations between the Commission, the Agency and the European Space Agency and ensures their consistency and conform to the Framework Agreement with the European Space Agency, in particular with Article 5 thereof. As the European Space Agency is not a Union body and is not subject to Union law, it is essential that such an agreement contains adequate requirements regarding operating rules at the European Space Agency in order to protect the interests of the Union and its Member States. The agreement should also contain all the clauses necessary to safeguard the Union’s financial interests.

Amendment 21

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 31

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (31) To structurally embed the user representation in the governance of GOVSATCOM and to aggregate user needs and requirements across national and civil-military boundaries, the relevant Union entities with close user-ties, such as the European Defence Agency, the European Border and Coast Guard Agency, the European Maritime Safety Agency, the European Fisheries Control Agency, the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation, the Military Planning and Conduct Capability/ Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability and the Emergency Response Coordination Centre should have coordinating roles for specific user groups. At an aggregated level the Agency and the European Defence Agency should respectively represent the civilian and military user communities and may monitor operational use, demand, conformance to requirements and evolving needs and requirements. (31) To structurally embed the user representation in the governance of GOVSATCOM and to aggregate user needs and requirements across national boundaries, the relevant Union entities with close user-ties, such as the European Border and Coast Guard Agency, the European Maritime Safety Agency, the European Fisheries Control Agency, the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation, the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability and the Emergency Response Coordination Centre should have coordinating roles for specific user groups. At an aggregated level the Agency should represent the user community and may monitor operational use, demand, conformance to requirements and evolving needs and requirements.

Amendment 22

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 36

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (36) To ensure the secure circulation of information, appropriate rules should be established to ensure equivalence of security rules for the different public and private entities, as well as natural persons, involved in the implementation of the Programme. (36) To ensure the secure circulation of information, appropriate rules should be established to ensure equivalence of security rules for the different public and private entities, as well as natural persons, involved in the implementation of the Programme , with the establishment of several levels of access to information and, implicitly, security of access to information .

Amendment 23

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 36 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (36a) The cyber security of European space infrastructures, both ground and space, is key to ensuring the continuity of the operations of the systems, and their effective ability to carry out the tasks continuously and to provide the services required.

Amendment 24

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 38

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (38) A growing number of key economic sectors, in particular transport, telecommunications, agriculture and energy, increasingly use satellite navigation systems , not to mention the synergies with activities linked to the security and defence of the Union and its Member States. Having full control of satellite navigation should therefore guarantee the Union's technological independence, including in the longer term for the components of infrastructure equipment, and ensure its strategic autonomy. (38) A growing number of key economic sectors, in particular transport, telecommunications, agriculture and energy, increasingly use satellite navigation systems . Satellite navigation also plays a role in the context of the security of the Union and its Member States. Having full control of satellite navigation should therefore guarantee the Union's technological independence, including in the longer term for the components of infrastructure equipment, and ensure its strategic autonomy.

Amendment 25

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 40

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (40) The aim of EGNOS is to improve the quality of open signals from existing global navigation satellite systems, in particular those emitted by the Galileo system. The services provided by EGNOS should cover, as a priority, the Member States’ territories geographically located in Europe, including for this purpose the Azores, the Canary Islands and Madeira, with the aim to cover those territories by the end of 2025. Subject to technical feasibility and, for the safety of life, on the basis of international agreements, the geographical coverage of the services provided by EGNOS could be extended to other regions of the world. Without prejudice to Regulation [2018/XXXX] [EASA Regulation] and the necessary monitoring of Galileo service quality for aviation purposes, it should be noted that while the signals emitted by Galileo may effectively be used to facilitate the positioning of aircraft, only local or regional augmentation systems such as EGNOS in Europe may constitute air-traffic management (ATM) services and air navigation services (ANS). (40) The aim of EGNOS is to improve the quality of open signals from existing global navigation satellite systems, in particular those emitted by the Galileo system. The services provided by EGNOS should cover, as a priority, the Member States’ territories geographically located in Europe, including for this purpose the Azores, the Canary Islands and Madeira, with the aim to cover those territories by the end of 2025. Subject to technical feasibility and, for the safety of life, on the basis of international agreements, the geographical coverage of the services provided by EGNOS could be extended to other regions of the world. Without prejudice to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council (1a) and the necessary monitoring of Galileo service quality and safety performance for aviation purposes, it should be noted that while the signals emitted by Galileo may effectively be used to facilitate the positioning of aircraft, only local or regional augmentation systems such as EGNOS in Europe may constitute air-traffic management (ATM) services and air navigation services (ANS).

Amendment 26

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 40 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (40a) EGNOS can assist precision agriculture and help European farmers to eliminate waste, decrease over-application of fertilisers and herbicides, and optimise crop yields. EGNOS already has an important ‘user community’, but the number of farming machinery compatible with navigation technology is more limited. That issue should be tackled.

Amendment 27

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 41

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (41) It is imperative that the continuity, sustainability and future availability of the services provided by the Galileo and EGNOS systems be ensured. In a changing environment and rapidly developing market, their development should also continue and new generations of these systems should be prepared. (41) It is imperative that the continuity, sustainability , security, reliability, accuracy and future availability of the services provided by the Galileo and EGNOS systems be ensured. In a changing environment and rapidly developing market, their development should also continue and new generations of these systems should be prepared.

Amendment 28

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 44 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (44a) In order to support the exploitation of the services provided by Galileo and EGNOS and to support downstream services, in particular in the transport sector, the competent authorities should develop, common standards and certifications at international level.

Amendment 29

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 45

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (45) Considering the importance for Galileo and EGNOS of their ground-based infrastructure and the impact thereof on their security, the determination of the location of the infrastructure should made by the Commission. The deployment of the ground-based infrastructure of the systems should continue to follow an open and transparent process. deleted

Amendment 30

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 46

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (46) To maximise the socio-economic benefits of Galileo and EGNOS, notably in the area of security, the use of the services provided by EGNOS and Galileo in other Union policies should be promoted where this is justified and beneficial . (46) To maximise the socio-economic benefits of Galileo and EGNOS, notably in the area of security, the use of the services provided by EGNOS and Galileo should be mainstreamed, where possible, in other Union policies . Measures to encourage the use of those services in all Member States are also an important stage in the process .

Amendment 31

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 47

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (47) Copernicus should ensure an autonomous access to environmental knowledge and key technologies for Earth observation and geo-information services, thereby enabling the Union to achieve independent decision-making and actions in the fields of the environment, climate change, civil protection, security, as well as the digital economy, among others. (47) Copernicus should ensure an autonomous access to environmental knowledge and key technologies for Earth observation and geo-information services, thereby enabling the Union to achieve independent decision-making and actions in the fields of the environment, including agriculture, biodiversity, land use, forestry, rural development and fisheries, climate change , cultural heritage sites , civil protection, security , including of infrastructures , as well as the digital economy, among others.

Amendment 32

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 48

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (48) Copernicus should build on and ensure continuity with the activities and achievements under Regulation (EU) No 377/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (17) establishing the Union Earth observation and monitoring programme (Copernicus) as well as Regulation (EU) No 911/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the European Earth monitoring programme (GMES) and its initial operations (18) establishing the predecessor Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) programme and the rules for implementation of its initial operations, taking into account recent trends in research, technological advances and innovations impacting the Earth observation domain, as well as developments in big data analytics and Artificial Intelligence and related strategies and initiatives at Union level (19). To the greatest extent possible, it should make use of capacities for space-borne observations of the Member States, the European Space Agency, EUMETSAT (20), as well as other entities, including commercial initiatives in Europe, thereby also contributing to the development of a viable commercial space sector in Europe. Where feasible and appropriate, it should also make use of the available in situ and ancillary data provided mainly by the Member States in accordance with Directive 2007/2/EC (21). The Commission should work together with the Member States and the European Environment Agency to ensure an efficient access and use of the in-situ data sets for Copernicus. (48) Existing capacities should be built on and should be complemented by new assets, which may be developed in common among the responsible entities. To that end, the Commission should work closely with the European Space Agency, Member States and, where applicable, other entities owning relevant space and in situ assets. Copernicus should build on and ensure continuity with the activities and achievements under Regulation (EU) No 377/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (17) establishing the Union Earth observation and monitoring programme (Copernicus) as well as Regulation (EU) No 911/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the European Earth monitoring programme (GMES) and its initial operations (18) establishing the predecessor Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) programme and the rules for implementation of its initial operations, taking into account recent trends in research, technological advances and innovations impacting the Earth observation domain, as well as developments in big data analytics and Artificial Intelligence and related strategies and initiatives at Union level (19). To the greatest extent possible, it should make use of capacities for space-borne observations of the Member States, the European Space Agency, EUMETSAT (20), as well as other entities, including commercial initiatives in Europe, thereby also contributing to the development of a viable commercial space sector in Europe. Where feasible and appropriate, it should also make use of the available in situ and ancillary data provided mainly by the Member States in accordance with Directive 2007/2/EC (21). The Commission should work together with the Member States and the European Environment Agency to ensure an efficient access and use of the in-situ data sets for Copernicus.

Amendment 33

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 49 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (49a) The full potential of Copernicus for the Union society and economy should be fully unleashed beyond direct beneficiaries by means of an intensification of user uptake measures, which requires further action to render the data usable by non-specialists and thereby stimulate growth, job creation and knowledge transfers.

Amendment 34

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 52

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (52) With regard to data acquisition, the activities under Copernicus should aim at completing and maintaining the existing space infrastructure, preparing the long-term replacement of the satellites at the end of their lifetime, as well as initiating new missions addressing new observation systems to support meeting the challenge of global climate change (e.g. anthropogenic CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions monitoring). Activities under Copernicus should expand their global monitoring coverage over the polar regions and support environmental compliance assurance, statutory environmental monitoring and reporting and innovative environmental applications (e.g. for crops monitoring, water management and enhanced fire monitoring). In doing so, Copernicus should leverage and take maximum advantage of the investments made under the previous funding period (2014-2020), while exploring new operational and business models to further complement the Copernicus capacities. Copernicus should also build on successful partnerships with Member States to further develop its security dimension under appropriate governance mechanisms, in order to respond to evolving user needs in the security domain. (52) With regard to data acquisition, the activities under Copernicus should aim at completing and maintaining the existing space infrastructure, preparing the long-term replacement of the satellites at the end of their lifetime, as well as initiating new missions whose feasibility is currently being explored by the European Space Agency addressing new observation systems to support meeting the challenge of global climate change (e.g. anthropogenic CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions monitoring). Activities under Copernicus should expand their global monitoring coverage over the polar regions and support environmental compliance assurance, statutory environmental monitoring and reporting and innovative environmental applications (e.g. for crops monitoring, water management and enhanced fire monitoring). In doing so, Copernicus should leverage and take maximum advantage of the investments made under the previous funding period (2014-2020), while exploring new operational and business models to further complement the Copernicus capacities. Copernicus should also build on successful partnerships with Member States to further develop its security dimension under appropriate governance mechanisms, in order to respond to evolving user needs in the security domain.

Amendment 35

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 53

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (53) As part of the data and information processing function, Copernicus should ensure the long-term sustainability and further development of the core Copernicus services, providing information in order to satisfy public sector needs and those arising from the Union’s international commitments, and to maximise opportunities for commercial exploitation. In particular, Copernicus should deliver, at the local, national, European and global scale, information on the state of the atmosphere; information on the state of the oceans; information in support of land monitoring supporting the implementation of local, national and Union policies; information in support of climate change adaptation and mitigation; geospatial information in support of emergency management, including through prevention activities, environmental compliance assurance, as well as civil security including support for the Union's external action. The Commission should identify appropriate contractual arrangements fostering the sustainability of service provision. (53) As part of the data and information processing function, Copernicus should ensure the long-term sustainability and further development of the core Copernicus services, providing information in order to satisfy public sector needs and those arising from the Union’s international commitments, and to maximise opportunities for commercial exploitation. In particular, Copernicus should deliver, at the local, national, European and global scale, information on the state of the atmosphere , including air quality ; information on the state of the oceans; information in support of land monitoring supporting the implementation of local, national and Union policies; information in support of climate change adaptation and mitigation; geospatial information in support of emergency management, including through prevention activities, environmental compliance assurance, as well as civil security including support for the Union's external action. The Commission should identify appropriate contractual arrangements fostering the sustainability of service provision.

Amendment 36

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 54 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (54a) In order to achieve the objectives of Copernicus on a sustainable basis, a committee (the Copernicus sub-committee) could be established to assist the Commission in ensuring the coordination of contributions to Copernicus by the Union, the User Fora, the Member States and inter-governmental organisations as well as the private sector, making the best use of existing capacities and identifying gaps to be addressed at Union level.

Amendment 37

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 55

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (55) The implementation of the Copernicus services should facilitate the public uptake of services as users would be able to anticipate the availability and evolution of services as well as cooperation with Member States and other parties. To this end, the Commission and its entrusted entities providing services should engage closely with different user communities across Europe in further developing the Copernicus services and information portfolio to ensure that evolving public sector and policy needs are met and thus the uptake of Earth observation data can be maximised. The Commission and Member States should work together to develop the in-situ component of Copernicus and to facilitate the integration of in-situ datasets with space datasets for upgraded Copernicus services. (55) The implementation of the Copernicus services should facilitate the public uptake of services as users would be able to anticipate the availability and evolution of services as well as cooperation with Member States and other parties. To this end, the Agency and the Copernicus entrusted entities should engage closely with different user communities across Europe in further developing the Copernicus services and information portfolio to ensure that evolving public sector and policy needs are met and thus the uptake of Earth observation data can be maximised in the interest of European citizens . The Commission and Member States should work together to develop the in-situ component of Copernicus and to facilitate the integration of in-situ datasets with space datasets for upgraded Copernicus services.

Amendment 38

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 56 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (56a) Member States, the Commission and the responsible entities should periodically run the Copernicus information campaigns regarding the benefits of the programme, giving all potential users access to the relevant information and data.

Amendment 39

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 57 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (57a) Copernicus’ Climate Change services, although still in a pre-operational phase, are already well on track as the number of users doubled between 2015 and 2016. All Climate Change services should become fully operational as soon as possible and thereby provide the continuous flow of data necessary for effective climate change mitigation and adaptation actions.

Amendment 40

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 59

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (59) To promote and facilitate the use of Earth observation data and technologies both by local authorities, by small and medium-sized enterprises, scientists and researchers, dedicated networks for Copernicus data distribution, including national and regional bodies, should be promoted through user uptake activities. To this end, the Commission and the Member States should strive to establish closer links between Copernicus and Union and national policies in order to drive the demand for commercial applications and services and enable enterprises, particular small and medium-sized enterprises and start-ups, to develop applications based on Copernicus data and information aiming at developing a competitive Earth observation data eco-system in Europe. (59) To promote and facilitate the use of Earth observation data and technologies both by local and regional authorities, by small and medium-sized enterprises, scientists and researchers, dedicated networks for Copernicus data distribution, including national and regional bodies, should be promoted through user uptake activities. To this end, the Commission and the Member States should strive to establish closer links between Copernicus and Union and national policies in order to drive the demand for commercial applications and services and enable enterprises, particular small and medium-sized enterprises and start-ups, to develop applications based on Copernicus data and information aiming at developing a competitive Earth observation data eco-system in Europe.

Amendment 41

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 59 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (59a) Given the major potential of satellite imagery for sustainable and efficient resource management, providing reliable and timely information on crop and soil conditions for example, that service should be further enhanced to meet end-user needs and ensure data linkage.

Amendment 42

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 62

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (62) Following the requests of the European Parliament and of the Council and, the Union established a support framework for space surveillance and tracking (SST) by means of Decision No 541/2014/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 establishing a Framework for Space Surveillance and Tracking Support (24). Space debris has become a serious threat to the security, safety and sustainability of space activities. The SST is therefore primordial to preserve the continuity of the Programme's components and their contributions to Union policies. By seeking to prevent the proliferation of space debris, SST contributes to ensuring the sustainable and guaranteed access to and use of space, which is a global common. (62) Following the requests of the European Parliament and of the Council and, the Union established a support framework for space surveillance and tracking (SST) by means of Decision No 541/2014/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (24). Space debris has become a serious threat to the security, safety and sustainability of space activities. The SST is therefore primordial to preserve the continuity of the Programme's components and their contributions to Union policies. By seeking to prevent the proliferation of space debris, SST contributes to ensuring the sustainable and guaranteed access to and use of space, which is a global common. The SST is intended also to facilitate the preparation of European earth orbit ‘clean-up’ projects.

Amendment 43

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 63

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (63) The SST should further develop the performance and autonomy of SST capabilities. To this end, it should lead to the establishment of an autonomous European catalogue of space objects, building on data from the network of SST sensors. The SST should also continue to support operation and delivery of SST services. As SST is a user-driven system, appropriate mechanisms should be put in place to collect user requirements, including those relating to security. (63) The SST should further develop the performance and autonomy of SST capabilities. To this end, it should lead to the establishment of an autonomous European catalogue of space objects, building on data from the network of SST sensors. The catalogue could follow the example of other space capable nations and make some of its data available for non-commercial and research purposes. SST should also continue to support operation and delivery of SST services. As SST is a user-driven system, appropriate mechanisms should be put in place to collect user requirements, including those relating to security and the transmission of relevant information to and from public institutions to improve the effectiveness of the system .

Amendment 44

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 67

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (67) In addition, the SST should be complementary to existing mitigation measures, such as the Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) and Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities, or other initiatives, to ensure the safety, security and sustainability of outer space activities. With a view to reducing risks of collision, the SST would also seek synergies with initiatives of active removal and passivation measures of space debris. The SST should contribute to ensuring the peaceful use and exploration of outer space. The increase in space activities may have implication on the international initiatives in the area of the space traffic management. The Union should monitor those developments and may take them into consideration in the context of the mid-term review of the current MFF. (67) In addition, the SST should be complementary to existing mitigation measures, such as the Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) and Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities, or other initiatives, to ensure the safety, security and sustainability of outer space activities. With a view to reducing risks of collision, the SST would also seek synergies with initiatives aimed at promoting the development and deployment of technological systems designed for the active removal of space debris. The SST should contribute to ensuring the peaceful use and exploration of outer space. The increase in space activities may have implication on the international initiatives in the area of the space traffic management. The Union should monitor those developments and may take them into consideration in the context of the mid-term review of the current MFF.

Amendment 45

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 70

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (70) Extreme and major space weather events may threaten the safety of citizens and disrupt the operations of space-based and ground-based infrastructure. A space weather function should therefore be established as part the Programme with an aim of assessing the space weather risks and corresponding user needs, raising the awareness of space weather risks, ensuring the delivery of user-driven space weather services, and improving Member Stares capabilities to produce space weather service. The Commission should prioritise the sectors to which the operational space weather services are to be provided taking into account the user needs, risks and technological readiness. In the long term, the needs of other sectors may be addressed. The delivery of services at Union level according to the users' needs will require targeted, coordinated and continued research and development activities to support space weather services evolution. The delivery of the space weather services should build on the existing national and Union capabilities and enable a broad participation of Member States and involvement of the private sector. (70) Extreme and major space weather events may threaten the safety of citizens and disrupt the operations of space-based and ground-based infrastructure. A space weather function should therefore be established as part the Programme with an aim of assessing the space weather risks and corresponding user needs, raising the awareness of space weather risks, ensuring the delivery of user-driven space weather services, and improving Member States' capabilities to produce space weather service. The Commission should prioritise the sectors to which the operational space weather services are to be provided taking into account the user needs, risks and technological readiness. In the long term, the needs of other sectors may be addressed. The delivery of services at Union level according to the users' needs will require targeted, coordinated and continued research and development activities to support space weather services evolution. The delivery of the space weather services should build on the existing national and Union capabilities and enable a broad participation of Member States , international organisations and involvement of the private sector.

Amendment 46

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 73

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (73) GOVSATCOM is a user-centric programme with a strong security dimension. The use-cases may be analysed for three main families: crisis management , which may include civilian and military Common Security and Defence missions and operations , natural and man-made disasters, humanitarian crises, and maritime emergencies; surveillance, which may include border surveillance, pre-frontier surveillance sea-border surveillance, maritime surveillance, surveillance of illegal trafficking; and key infrastructures, which may include diplomatic network, police communications, critical infrastructures (e.g. energy, transport, water barriers) and space infrastructures. (73) GOVSATCOM is a user-centric programme with a strong security dimension. The use-cases may be analysed for three main families: crisis management, natural and man-made disasters, humanitarian crises, and maritime emergencies; surveillance, which may include border surveillance, pre-frontier surveillance sea-border surveillance, maritime surveillance, surveillance of illegal trafficking; and key infrastructures, which may include diplomatic network, police communications, digital infrastructure (e. g. data centres, servers), critical infrastructures (e.g. energy, transport, water barriers such as dams ) and space infrastructures.

Amendment 47

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 78

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (78) For users of satellite communications the user equipment is the all-important operational interface. The EU GOVSATCOM approach makes it possible for most users to continue to use their existing user equipment for GOVSATCOM services in so far as they make use of Union technologies . (78) For users of satellite communications the user equipment is the all-important operational interface. The EU GOVSATCOM approach should make it possible for users to continue to use their existing user equipment for GOVSATCOM services.

Amendment 48

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 86

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (86) Infrastructure dedicated to the Programme may require additional research and innovation, which may be supported under Horizon Europe, aiming for coherence with activities in this domain by the European Space Agency. Synergies with Horizon Europe should ensure that research and innovation needs of the space sector are identified and established as part of the strategic research and innovation planning process. Space data and services made freely available by the Programme will be used to develop breakthrough solutions through research and innovation, including in Horizon Europe, in particular for sustainable food and natural resources, climate monitoring, smart cities, automated vehicles, security and disaster management . The strategic planning process under Horizon Europe will identify research and innovation activities that should make use of Union-owned infrastructures such as Galileo, EGNOS and Copernicus. Research infrastructures, in particular in situ observing networks will constitute essential elements of the in situ observation infrastructure enabling the Copernicus services (86) Infrastructure dedicated to the Programme may require additional research and innovation, which may be supported under Horizon Europe, aiming for coherence with activities in this domain by the European Space Agency. Synergies with Horizon Europe should ensure that research and innovation needs of the space sector are identified and established as part of the strategic research and innovation planning process. It is important to assure continuity between the solutions developed through Horizon Europe and the operations of the components of the Programme. Space data and services made freely available by the Programme will be used to develop breakthrough solutions through research and innovation, including in Horizon Europe, on the main European policies . The strategic planning process under Horizon Europe will identify research and innovation activities that should make use of Union-owned infrastructures such as Galileo, EGNOS and Copernicus. Research infrastructures, in particular in situ observing networks will constitute essential elements of the in situ observation infrastructure enabling the Copernicus services.

Amendment 49

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 87

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (87) Regulation (EU) No 912/2010 established a Union agency, called the European GNSS Agency, to manage certain aspects of the Galileo and EGNOS satellite navigation programmes. The present Regulation provides in particular that the European GNSS Agency will be entrusted with new tasks, not only in respect of Galileo and EGNOS but also for other components of the Programme, especially security accreditation. The name, tasks and organisational aspects of the European GNSS Agency must therefore be adapted accordingly. (87) Regulation (EU) No 912/2010 established a Union agency, called the European GNSS Agency, to manage certain aspects of the Galileo and EGNOS satellite navigation programmes. The present Regulation provides in particular that the European GNSS Agency will be entrusted with new tasks, not only in respect of Galileo and EGNOS but also for other components of the Programme, especially security accreditation and cybersecurity . The name, tasks and organisational aspects of the European GNSS Agency must therefore be adapted accordingly.

Amendment 50

Proposal for a regulation

Recital 88

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (88) In view of its extended scope, which will no longer be limited to Galileo and EGNOS, the European GNSS Agency should henceforth be changed. However, the continuity of the activities of the European GNSS Agency, including continuity as regards rights and obligations, staff and the validity of any decisions taken, should be ensured under the Agency. (88) In view of its extended scope, which will no longer be limited to Galileo and EGNOS, the European GNSS Agency should henceforth be changed . Where it entrusts tasks to the Agency, the Commission should ensure appropriate funding for the management and execution of those tasks, including adequate human and financial resources . However, the continuity of the activities of the European GNSS Agency, including continuity as regards rights and obligations, staff and the validity of any decisions taken, should be ensured under the Agency.

Amendment 51

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (2) ‘space weather events’ means naturally occurring variations in the space environment between the Sun and the Earth, including solar flares, solar energetic particles, solar wind, and coronal mass ejections that can lead to solar storms (geomagnetic storms, solar radiation storms and ionospheric disturbances) potentially impacting Earth; (2) ‘space weather events’ means naturally occurring variations in the space environment between the Sun and the Earth, including solar flares, solar energetic particles, solar wind, and coronal mass ejections that can lead to solar storms (geomagnetic storms, solar radiation storms and ionospheric disturbances) potentially impacting Earth or space-based infrastructures ;

Amendment 52

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 5

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (5) ‘space situational awareness’ (‘SSA’) means a holistic approach towards the main space hazards, encompassing collision between satellites and space debris, space weather phenomena, and near earth objects; (5) ‘space situational awareness’ (‘SSA’) means comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the main space hazards, encompassing collision between satellites and space debris, space weather phenomena, and near earth objects;

Amendment 53

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 6

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (6) ‘blending operation’ means actions supported by the EU budget, including within blending facilities pursuant to Article 2(6) of the Financial Regulation, combining non-repayable forms of support and/or financial instruments from the EU budget with repayable forms of support from development or other public finance institutions, as well as from commercial finance institutions and investors; (6) ‘blending operation’ means actions supported by the EU budget, including within blending facilities pursuant to Article 2(6) of the Financial Regulation, combining non-repayable forms of support and/or financial instruments and/or budgetary guarantees from the EU budget with repayable forms of support from development or other public finance institutions, as well as from commercial finance institutions and investors;

Amendment 54

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 10

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (10) ‘SST data’ means physical parameters of space objects acquired by SST sensors or orbital parameters of space objects derived from SST sensors' observations in the framework of the space surveillance and tracking (‘SST’) component; (10) ‘SST data’ means physical parameters of space objects , including space debris, acquired by SST sensors or orbital parameters of space objects derived from SST sensors' observations in the framework of the space surveillance and tracking (‘SST’) component;

Amendment 55

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 14 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (14a) ‘Copernicus third-party-information’ means information licensed and provided for use within Copernicus activities which originate from sources other than Copernicus Sentinels;

Amendment 56

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 23 — subparagraph 1

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment ‘Copernicus core users’ which benefit from Copernicus data and Copernicus information and have the additional role of driving the evolution of Copernicus, comprising the Union institutions and bodies and European national, or regional public bodies entrusted with a public service mission for the definition, implementation, enforcement or monitoring of environmental, civil protection, safety or security policies; ‘Copernicus core users’ which benefit from Copernicus data and Copernicus information and have the additional role of driving the evolution of Copernicus, comprising the Union institutions and bodies and European national, or regional public bodies entrusted with a public service mission for the definition, implementation, enforcement or monitoring of environmental, civil protection, safety , including safety of infrastructure or security policies;

Amendment 57

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 23 — subparagraph 2 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment ‘Copernicus core services’ means the operational services clustered in the data and information processing component or service component, which are of general and common interest of the Member States and the Union;

Amendment 58

Proposal for a regulation

Article 2 — paragraph 1 — point 23 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (23 a) ‘space sector’ means: ‘the upstream sector’, which includes activities leading to an operational space system, and space exploration; ‘the downstream sector’ which includes activities relating to exploiting satellite data to develop space-related products and services to end-users.

Amendment 59

Proposal for a regulation

Article 3 — paragraph 1 — point a

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (a) an autonomous civil global navigation satellite system (GNSS) under civil control comprising a constellation of satellites, centres and a global network of stations on the ground, offering positioning, navigation and time measurement services and fully integrating the needs and requirements of security (‘Galileo’); (a) an autonomous civil global navigation satellite system (GNSS) under civil control comprising a constellation of satellites, centres and a global network of stations on the ground, offering positioning, navigation and time measurement services and , where appropriate, integrating the needs and requirements of security (‘Galileo’);

Amendment 60

Proposal for a regulation

Article 3 — paragraph 1 — point c

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (c) an autonomous, user-driven, Earth observation system under civil control, offering geo-information data and services, comprising satellites, ground infrastructure, data and information processing facilities, and distribution infrastructure, and fully integrating the needs and requirements of security (‘Copernicus’); (c) an autonomous, user-driven, Earth observation system under civil control, offering geo-information data and services based on a free and open data policy , comprising satellites, ground infrastructure, data and information processing facilities, and distribution infrastructure, and fully integrating the needs and requirements of security (‘Copernicus’);

Amendment 61

Proposal for a regulation

Article 3 — paragraph 1 — point d

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (d) a space surveillance and tracking system aiming to improve, operate and provide data, information and services related to the surveillance and tracking of active and inactive spacecraft , discarded launchers stages , debris and debris fragments that orbit around the Earth and complemented by observational parameters related to space weather events and the risk of near earth objects (‘NEOs’) approaching earth monitoring (‘SST’); (d) a space surveillance and tracking system aiming to improve, operate and provide data, information and services related to the surveillance and tracking of active and inactive spacecraft and space , debris that orbit around the Earth and complemented by observational parameters related to space weather events and the risk of near earth objects (‘NEOs’) approaching earth monitoring (‘SST’);

Amendment 62

Proposal for a regulation

Article 3 — paragraph 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment Additionally, the Programme shall include measures for ensuring efficient access to space for the Programme and for fostering an innovative space sector. Additionally, the Programme shall include measures for ensuring autonomous access to space , for tackling cyber threats, for fostering an innovative and competitive space sector , upstream and downstream, and for supporting space diplomacy .

Amendment 63

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — introductory part

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 1. The Programme shall the following general objectives: 1. The Programme shall have the following general objectives:

Amendment 64

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point a

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (a) provide, or contribute to the provision of, high-quality and up-to-date and, where appropriate, secure space-related data, information and services without interruption and wherever possible at global level, meeting existing and future needs and able to meet the Union's political priorities, including as regards climate change and security and defence ; (a) provide, or contribute to the provision of, high-quality and up-to-date and, where appropriate, secure space-related data, information and services without interruption and wherever possible at global level, meeting existing and future needs and able to meet the Union's political priorities, including climate change ; and support the evidence-based and independent decision-making capacity of the Union and its Member States ;

Amendment 65

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point b

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (b) maximise the socio-economic benefits, including by promoting the widest possible use of the data, information and services provided by the Programme's components; (b) maximise the socio-economic benefits, in particular by strengthening the European downstream sector, thereby enabling growth and job creation in the Union and promoting the widest possible uptake of services and use of the data, information and services provided by the Programme's components both within and outside the Union ;

Amendment 66

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point c

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (c) enhance the security of the Union and its Member States, its freedom of action and its strategic autonomy, in particular in terms of technologies and evidence-based decision-making ; (c) enhance the security , including cybersecurity, of the Union and its Member States, and reinforce its strategic autonomy, in particular in industrial and technological terms ;

Amendment 67

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point c a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (ca) strengthen the European industrial and scientific ecosystem in the field of space, by establishing a coherent framework that combines the excellence of European training and know-how, the development of high-level design, manufacturing capabilities and the strategic vision needed in an increasingly competitive sector;

Amendment 68

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point d

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (d) promote the role of the Union in the international arena as a leading actor in the space sector and strengthening its role in tackling global challenges and supporting global initiatives, including with regards to climate change and sustainable development. (d) promote the role of the Union in the international arena as a leading actor in the space sector and strengthening its role in tackling global challenges and supporting global initiatives, including with regard to sustainable development;

Amendment 69

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point d a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (da) strengthen the Union’s space diplomacy and encourage international cooperation to raise awareness of space as a common heritage of mankind;

Amendment 70

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point d b (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (db) promote Union technology and industry and foster the principle of reciprocity and fair competition at international level;

Amendment 71

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 1 — point d c (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (dc) enhance the safety of the Union and its Member States in various fields, in particular in transportation (aviation, including unmanned aerial vehicles, rail transports, navigation, road transports, autonomous driving), infrastructure building and monitoring, land monitoring and environment.

Amendment 72

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 2 — point a

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (a) for Galileo and EGNOS: to provide of state-of-the-art and, where appropriate, secure positioning, navigation and timing services; (a) for Galileo and EGNOS: to provide long-term and continuous state-of-the-art and, where appropriate, secure positioning, navigation and timing services;

Amendment 73

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 2 — point b

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (b) for Copernicus: to deliver accurate and reliable Earth Observation data and information, supplied on a long-term basis, to support the implementation and monitoring of the Union and its Member States' policies in the fields of the environment, climate change, agriculture and rural development, civil protection, safety and security, as well as the digital economy ; (b) for Copernicus: to deliver accurate and reliable Earth Observation data and information, supplied on a long-term basis, to support the implementation and monitoring of the Union and its Member States' user-driven policies and actions ;

Amendment 74

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 2 — point c

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (c) for Space Situational Awareness (‘SSA’): to enhance SST capabilities to monitor, track and identify space objects, to monitor space weather and to map and network Member States NEO capacities; (c) for Space Situational Awareness (‘SSA’): to enhance SST capabilities to monitor, track and identify space objects and space debris , to monitor space weather and to map and network Member States NEO capacities;

Amendment 75

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 2 — point e

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (e) to contribute, where this is required for the needs of the Programme, to an autonomous, secure and cost-efficient capability to access space; (e) to ensure an autonomous, secure and cost-efficient capability to access to space;

Amendment 76

Proposal for a regulation

Article 4 — paragraph 2 — point f

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (f) support and reinforce the competitiveness, entrepreneurship, skills and capacity to innovate of legal and natural persons from the Union active or wishing to become active in that sector, with particular regard to the position and needs of small and medium-sized enterprises and start-ups . (f) to foster the development of a strong and competitive Union space economy and maximise opportunities for Union enterprises of all sizes and all Union regions .

Amendment 77

Proposal for a regulation

Article 5 — paragraph 1 — introductory part

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment The Programme shall support: The Programme , in synergy with other Union and European Space Agency programmes and funding shemes, shall support:

Amendment 78

Proposal for a regulation

Article 5 — paragraph 1 — point a

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (a) provision of launching services for the needs of the Programme; (a) provision of launching services for the Programme including aggregate launching service for the Union and for other entities, at their request, taking into account the essential security interests of the Union in accordance with Article 25, in order to enhance the competitiveness of European launchers and industries on the global market ;

Amendment 79

Proposal for a regulation

Article 5 — paragraph 1 — point b

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (b) development activities linked to autonomous, reliable and cost-efficient access to space; (b) development activities linked to autonomous, reliable and cost-efficient access to space including alternative launching technologies and innovative systems or services, taking into account the essential security interests of the Union and its Member States, in accordance with Article 25;

Amendment 80

Proposal for a regulation

Article 5 — paragraph 1 — point c

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (c) where this is required for the needs of the Programme, the necessary adaptations to the space ground infrastructure. (c) where this is required for the objectives of the Programme, the necessary support for the maintenance, adaptations and developments of the space ground infrastructure , in particular existing infrastructures, rocket ranges and research centres .

Amendment 81

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — title

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment Actions in support of an innovative Union space sector Actions in support of an innovative and competitive Union space sector

Amendment 82

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point a

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (a) innovation activities for making best use of space technologies, infrastructure or services; (a) innovation activities for developing and making best use of space technologies, infrastructure or services;

Amendment 83

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point a a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (aa) appropriate measures to facilitate the uptake of innovative solutions resulting from research and innovation activities, in particular through synergies with other Union Funds, such as Horizon Europe and InvestEU, in order to support the development of downstream sectors of all the components of the Programme;

Amendment 84

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point a b (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (ab) strengthening the European space sector in the export market;

Amendment 85

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point b

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (b) the establishment of space-related innovation partnerships to develop innovative products or services and for the subsequent purchase of the resulting supply or services; (b) the establishment of space-related innovation partnerships to develop innovative products or services and for the subsequent purchase of the resulting products or services for the needs of the Programme ;

Amendment 86

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point b a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (ba) design, testing, implementation and deployment of data-driven interoperable space solutions for public services, fostering innovation and establishing common frameworks in order to realise the full potential of public administrations’ services for citizens and businesses;

Amendment 87

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point c

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (c) entrepreneurship, from early stage to scaling-up, in accordance with Article 21 and other access to finance provisions as referred to in Article 18 and Chapter I of Title III; (c) entrepreneurship, including from early stage to scaling-up, in accordance with Article 21 and by relying on other access to finance provisions as referred to in Article 18 and Chapter I of Title III;

Amendment 88

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point d

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (d) cooperation between undertakings in the form of space hubs bringing together, at regional and national levels, actors from the space and digital sectors, as well as users, and providing support to citizens and companies to foster entrepreneurship and skills; (d) cooperation in the form of a network of space hubs bringing together, in particular at regional and national levels, actors from the space and digital sectors, as well as users, and providing support , facilities and services to citizens and companies to foster entrepreneurship and skills; fostering cooperation between the space hubs and the digital innovation hubs established under the Digital Europe Programme;

Amendment 89

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point d a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (da) the possible development of a ‘first contract approach strategy’ with all relevant public and private sector actors to support the development of space start-ups;

Amendment 90

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point d b (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (db) Synergies with the transport, space and digital sectors in order to foster the broader use of new technologies (such as e-call, digital tachograph, traffic supervisions and management, autonomous driving, unmanned vehicles and drones) and tackle the needs of secure and seamless connectivity, robust positioning, inter modality and interoperability, thus enhancing the competitiveness of transport services and industry;

Amendment 91

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point e

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (e) provision of education and training activities; (e) provision of education and training activities in order to develop advanced space skills ;

Amendment 92

Proposal for a regulation

Article 6 — paragraph 1 — point f

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (f) access to processing and testing facilities; (f) access to processing and testing facilities for private and public sector professionals, students and entrepreneurs ;

Amendment 93

Proposal for a regulation

Article 7 — paragraph 2 — point c

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (c) does not confer to the third country or international organisation a decisional power on the programme; (c) does not confer to the third country or international organisation a decisional power on the programme or, where appropriate, access to sensitive or classified information ;

Amendment 94

Proposal for a regulation

Article 7 — paragraph 2 — point d a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (da) preserves, where appropriate, the strategic and sovereign interests of the Union in all relevant areas, including European technological or industrial strategic autonomy;

Amendment 95

Proposal for a regulation

Article 9 — paragraph 3

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 3. The Commission shall take the necessary steps to ensure that the contracts, agreements or other arrangements relating to the activities referred to in the first paragraph contain provisions setting out the appropriate ownership regime for those assets and, as regards point (c) that the Union can freely use the PRS receivers in accordance with Decision 1104/2011/EU. 3. The Commission shall take the necessary steps to ensure that the contracts, agreements or other arrangements relating to the activities referred to in the second paragraph contain provisions setting out the appropriate ownership and use regime for those assets and, as regards point (c) that the Union can freely use and grant the use of the PRS receivers in accordance with Decision 1104/2011/EU.

Amendment 96

Proposal for a regulation

Article 10 — paragraph 1

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment The services, data and information provided by the Programme's components shall be provided without any express or implied guarantee as regards their quality, accuracy, availability, reliability, speed and suitability for any purpose. To that aim, the Commission shall take the necessary steps to ensure that the users of those services, data and information are informed, in an appropriate manner, of the absence of any such guarantee. The services, data and information provided by the Programme's components shall be provided without any express or implied guarantee as regards their quality, accuracy, availability, reliability, speed and suitability for any purpose , unless such a guarantee is required by applicable Union law for the provision of the services concerned . To that aim, the Commission shall take the necessary steps to ensure that the users of those services, data and information are informed, in an appropriate manner, of the absence of any such guarantee.

Amendment 97

Proposal for a regulation

Article 11 — paragraph 1 — subparagraph 1

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment The financial envelope for the implementation of the Programme for the period 2021 — 2027 shall be EUR [ 16 ] billion in current prices. The financial envelope for the implementation of the Programme for the period 2021 — 2027 shall be EUR [ 16,9 ] billion in current prices.

Amendment 98

Proposal for a regulation

Article 11 — paragraph 1 — subparagraph 2 — point b

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (b) for Copernicus: EUR [ 5,8 ] billion; (b) for Copernicus: EUR [ 6 ] billion;

Amendment 99

Proposal for a regulation

Article 11 — paragraph 1 — subparagraph 2 — point c

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (c) for SSA/GOVSATCOM: EUR [ 0,5 ] billion. (c) for SSA/GOVSATCOM: EUR [ 1,2 ] billion.

Amendment 100

Proposal for a regulation

Article 11 — paragraph 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 2. Cross-cutting activities as foreseen by Article 3 shall be financed under the Programme's components. 2. Cross-cutting activities as foreseen by Articles 3, 5 and 6 shall be financed under the Programme's components.

Amendment 101

Proposal for a regulation

Article 14 — paragraph 1 — point a

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (a) to promote in all Member States, throughout the supply chain, the widest and most open participation possible of start-ups, new entrants and small and medium sized enterprises and other economic operators , including the requirement of sub-contracting by the tenderers; (a) to promote throughout the Union and throughout the supply chain, the widest and most open participation possible of all economic operators, and in particular start-ups, new entrants and small and medium sized enterprises, including the requirement of sub-contracting by the tenderers;

Amendment 102

Proposal for a regulation

Article 14 — paragraph 1 — point d

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (d) to foster the autonomy of the Union, in particular in technological terms; (d) to foster the strategic autonomy of the Union, in particular in industrial and technological terms , throughout the entire value chain ;

Amendment 103

Proposal for a regulation

Article 14 — paragraph 1 — point d a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (da) to follow the principles of open access and fair competition throughout the industrial supply chain, tendering on the basis of the provision of transparent and timely information, clear communication of the applicable procurement rules, selection and award criteria and any other relevant information allowing a level-playing field for all potential bidders;

Amendment 104

Proposal for a regulation

Article 17 — paragraph 1

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 1. To encourage new entrants, small and medium enterprises and start-ups, and to offer the widest possible geographic coverage while protecting the Union's strategic autonomy, the contracting authority may request that the tenderer subcontract part of the contract by competitive tendering at the appropriate levels of subcontracting to companies other than those which belong to the tenderer's group. 1. To encourage new entrants, in particular small and medium-sized enterprises and start-ups, and to offer the widest possible geographic coverage while protecting the Union's strategic autonomy, the contracting authority shall endeavour to request the tenderer to subcontract part of the contract by competitive tendering at the appropriate levels of subcontracting to companies other than those which belong to the tenderer's group.

Amendment 105

Proposal for a regulation

Article 17 — paragraph 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 2. The contracting authority shall express the requisite share of the contract to be subcontracted in the form of a range from a minimum to a maximum percentage. 2. The contracting authority shall express the requisite share of the contract to be subcontracted to industry at all levels, pursuant to paragraph 1, in the form of a range from a minimum to a maximum percentage.

Amendment 106

Proposal for a regulation

Article 17 — paragraph 3

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 3. Any derogation from a request in accordance with paragraph 1 shall be justified by the tenderer. 3. Any derogation from a request in accordance with paragraph 1 shall be justified by the tenderer and assessed by the contracting authority .

Amendment 107

Proposal for a regulation

Article 19 — paragraph 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment In the case of a joint call, joint procedures shall be established for selection and evaluation of proposals. The procedures must involve a balanced group of experts appointed by each party. In the case of a joint call, joint procedures shall be established for selection and evaluation of proposals. The procedures shall involve a balanced group of experts appointed by each party. Such experts shall not evaluate, advise or assist on matters in relation to which they have a conflict of interests.

Amendment 108

Proposal for a regulation

Article 24 — paragraph 1

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 1. In addition to the provisions of [Article 165] of the Financial Regulation, the Commission and the Agency may carry out joint procurement procedures with the European Space Agency or other international organisations involved in implementing the components of the Programme. 1. In addition to the provisions of [Article 165] of the Financial Regulation, the Commission or the Agency may carry out joint procurement procedures with the European Space Agency or other international organisations involved in implementing the components of the Programme.

Amendment 110

Proposal for a regulation

Article 27 — paragraph 1 — point a

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (a) strict distribution of tasks and responsibilities between the entities involved in the implementation of the Programme, in particular between the Member States, the Commission, the Agency and the European Space Agency; (a) strict distribution of tasks and responsibilities between the entities involved in the implementation of the Programme, in particular between the Member States, the Commission, the Agency and the European Space Agency , based on each entity's competences, improving transparency, effectiveness and cost-efficiency and avoidance of overlap of activities ;

Amendment 111

Proposal for a regulation

Article 27 — paragraph 1 — point b

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (b) strong control of the Programme, including strict adherence to cost and schedule by all the entities, within their respective fields of competence in accordance with this Regulation; (b) strong control of the Programme, including strict adherence to cost and technical performance by all the entities, within their respective fields of responsibility in accordance with this Regulation;

Amendment 112

Proposal for a regulation

Article 27 — paragraph 1 — point d

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment (d) systematic consideration of the needs of users of the services provided by the Programme's components, as well as of scientific and technological evolutions relating to those services; (d) systematic consideration of the needs of users of the services provided by the Programme's components, as well as of scientific and technological evolutions relating to those services , also through the consultation of the advisory User Fora at national and Union level ;

Amendment 113

Proposal for a regulation

Article 28 — paragraph 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 2. The Commission or, for the tasks referred to in Article 30, the Agency may entrust specific tasks to Member States or national agencies or to groups of these Member States or national agencies . The Member States shall take all the necessary measures to ensure the smooth functioning of the Programme and the promotion of their use, including by helping to protect the frequencies required for this programme. 2. The Commission or, for the tasks referred to in Article 30, the Agency may entrust specific tasks to Member States or to groups of these Member States , subject to specific case-by-case agreement . The Member States shall take all the necessary measures to ensure the smooth functioning of the Programme and the promotion of their use, including by helping to protect the frequencies required for this programme at an adequate level .

Amendment 114

Proposal for a regulation

Article 28 — paragraph 2 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 2a. The Member States shall pursue a proactive and coordinated consultation of end-users’ communities, in particular regarding Galileo, EGNOS and Copernicus, including through advisory User Fora.

Amendment 115

Proposal for a regulation

Article 29 — paragraph 1

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 1. The Commission shall have overall responsibility for the implementation of the Programme , including in the field of security. It shall, in accordance with this Regulation, determine the priorities and long-term evolution of the Programme and shall supervise its implementation, having due regard to its impact on other policies of the Union. 1. The Commission shall have overall responsibility for the implementation of the Programme and the responsibility in the field of security for the components of the Programme not entrusted to the Agency pursuant to Article 30 . It shall, in accordance with this Regulation, determine the priorities and long-term evolution of the Programme and shall supervise its implementation, having due regard to its impact on other policies of the Union.

Amendment 116

Proposal for a regulation

Article 29 — paragraph 2

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 2. The Commission shall manage the component of the Programme where such management is not entrusted to another entity . 2. The Commission shall manage the component of the Programme where such management is not entrusted to other entities referred to in Articles 30, 31 and 32 .

Amendment 117

Proposal for a regulation

Article 29 — paragraph 3

Text proposed by the Commission Amendment 3. The Commission shall ensure a clear division of tasks between the various entities involved in the Programme and coordinate the activities of those entities. 3. The Commission shall ensure a clear division of tasks between the various entities involved in the Programme and coordinate the activities of those entities and shall ensure the full protection of the interest of the Union, the sound management of its funds and the application of its rules, in particular those related to procurement . Therefore the Commission shall conclude with the Agency and the European Space Agency a Financial Framework Partnership agreement, related to the tasks entrusted to the two entities, as referred to in Article 31a.

Amendment 118

Proposal for a regulation

Article 29 — paragraph 3 a (new)

Text proposed by the C