Proposal for a Council Regulation (EC) on the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables

(96/C 52/01)

COM(95) 434 final - 95/0247 (CNS)

(Submitted by the Commission on 10 November 1995)

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Articles 42 and 43 thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,

Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament,

Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee,

Whereas at the present time various changes are placing the fruit and vegetable sector in a new situation to which producers must adjust; whereas, accordingly, a reorientation of the basic rules of the market organization for the sector is warranted; whereas, in view of the numerous amendments made to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 of 18 May 1972 on the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables (1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1363/95 (2), a new regulation should, for reasons of clarity, be adopted;

Whereas it is desirable to insert in that new regulation the main provisions of Council Regulation (EEC) No 3285/83 of 14 November 1983 laying down general rules for the extension of certains rules issued by producers' organizations in the fruit and vegetables sector (3), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 220/92 (4), of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1319/85 of 23 May 1985 on the reinforcement of supervision of the application of Community rules on fruit and vegetables (5), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 404/93 (6), of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2240/88 of 19 July 1988 fixing, for peaches, lemons and oranges, the rules for applying Article 16b of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 on the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables (7), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1327/95 (8), of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1121/89 of 27 April 1989 on the introduction of an intervention threshold for apples and cauliflowers (9), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1327/95, and of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1198/90 of 7 May 1990 establishing a Community register of citrus cultivation (10); whereas these Regulations should therefore be repealed;

Whereas classification using common obligatory standards of fruit and vegetables both marketed within the Community and exported to third countries provides a reference framework that encourages fair trading and market transparency and also eliminates products of unsatisfactory quality from the market; whereas compliance with these standards thus also helps to improve the profitability of production;

Whereas it would be desirable, for reasons of simplicity, to adopt as the standards applicable under the Community's market organization those adopted by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe in respect of products covered by that organization; whereas it is necessary to set the terms on which these international standards can be adjusted to the specific requirements of the Community;

Whereas standardization cannot be fully effective unless it is applied at all marketing stages and on departure from the production region; whereas exemption may, nevertheless, be provided for in the case of certain operations which either are very marginal and specific or take place at the start of the distribution chain, or in the case of products intended for processing; whereas account should also be taken of the possibility of shortages; whereas consumer requirements as regards the characteristics of fruit and vegetables mean that the origin of products should be included in the labelling up to and including the final retail stage;

Whereas the production and marketing of fruit and vegetables should take full account of environmental concerns, including cultivation practices, the management of waste materials and the destruction of products withdrawn from the market, in particular as regards the protection of water quality, the maintenance of biodiversity and the upkeep of the countryside;

Whereas producer organizations are the basic elements in the market organization, the decentralized operation of which they ensure at their level; whereas, in the face of ever greater concentration of demand, the grouping of supply through these organizations is more than ever an economic necessity in order to strengthen the position of producers in the market; whereas such grouping must be effected on a voluntary basis and must prove its utility by the scope and efficiency of the services offered by producer organizations to their members;

Whereas a producer organization cannot be recognized by its Member State as able to contribute to achievement of the objectives of the common market organization unless its articles of association impose certain requirements on it and its members; whereas producer groups wishing to acquire the status of producer organizations in accordance with this Regulation should be allowed the benefit of a transitional period during which national and Community financial support can be given against certain commitments by the group;

Whereas a transitional period should be allowed to producer organizations already recognized pursuant to Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 which cannot immediately meet the requirements of this Regulation for recognition; whereas such organizations must be able to show themselves able to make the necessary changes;

Whereas in order to give producer organizations greater responsibility for their financial decisions in particular and to gear the public resources assigned to them towards future requirements, terms should be set for the use of these resources; whereas joint financing of operational funds set up by producer organizations presents itself as an appropriate solution;

Whereas the establishment and proper functioning of operational funds requires that producer organizations should take charge of the whole of the fruit and vegetable production of their members;

Whereas, in order to further boost the impact of producer organizations and associations thereof and ensure the market as much stability as is desirable, Member States should be allowed on certain conditions to extend to non-member producers in their region the rules, particularly on production, marketing and environmental protection, adopted for its members by the organization or association for the region concerned; whereas, where proper justification is given, certain costs arising from this extension of the rules can be charged to the producers concerned since they will benefit from the extension;

Whereas interbranch organizations set up on the initiative of individual or already grouped operators can, if they account for a significant proportion of the members of the various occupational categories of the fruit and vegetable sector, contribute to behaviour taking closer account of market realities and facilitate a commercial approach that will improve production reporting, that is to say the organization of production, product presentation and marketing; whereas since the work of these organizations is able to contribute in general to attaining the objectives of Article 39 of the Treaty and in particular to those of the market organization for fruit and vegetables it should, once the relevant forms of action are defined, be possible to grant specific recognition to those organizations which provide proof of a certain degree of representativeness and carry out practical action in regard to the abovementioned objectives; whereas the provisions on extending the rules adopted by producer organizations and their associations and on sharing the costs resulting from such extension should, given the similarity of the objectives pursued, also apply to interbranch organizations;

Whereas to stabilize prices it is desirable that producer organizations should be able to intervene on the market, in particular by deciding not to put up for sale particular quantities at particular periods; whereas these withdrawal operations must not be regarded as an alternative outlet to the market itself; whereas Community financing of withdrawals should therefore be restricted to a set percentage of production and the Community compensation granted at a reduced level, though use of the operational funds for this purpose should be permitted; whereas for simplicity Community compensation should be at a single flat rate for each product; whereas, to achieve a comparable reduction for all products, certain differentiations are required;

Whereas intervention can be fully effective only if the products withdrawn from the market are not reintroduced into the normal marketing channel again; whereas various alternative uses to which they may be put should be specified so that their destruction is avoided wherever possible;

Whereas this new way of managing withdrawals will allow the provisions in force on the implications of threshold overruns to be repealed immediately; whereas it is, however, reasonable to retain the underlying principle of those provisions for a transitional period and to give the Commission authority to take action on the basis of that principle if the need arises;

Whereas by Regulation (EC) No 3290/94 (11) the Council has adopted the adjustments and transitional arrangements required in the agricultural sector in order to implement the agreements concluded in the context of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations, in particular the new trading arrangements with third countries in the fruit and vegetable sector; whereas the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72, as amended by Annex XIII to Regulation (EC) No 3290/94 should be inserted in this Regulation; whereas, however, where products are imported into the Community for industrial processing, they are not sold on consignment; whereas verification of the entry price can therefore be made on other bases than a flat rate value; whereas the relevant provisions should therefore be supplemented in this regard;

Whereas the rules of the market organization should be complied with by all operators to whom they apply, otherwise their impact will be distorted with all the resulting consequences in terms of both the use of public resources and the interplay of competition; whereas a special corps of Community inspectors should be set up for this sector; whereas for both budget reasons and effectiveness the corps should consist of both Commission and national officials;

Whereas one of the indispensable elements for the proper management of the common organization of the market is detailed knowledge of the market; whereas measures should therefore be provided for to this end;

Whereas the granting of certain aid would compromise the functioning of the internal market; whereas, therefore, the provisions of the Treaty enabling aid granted by Member States to be examined and enabling aid which is incompatible with the common market to be prohibited, should be extended to cover the fruit and vegetable sector;

Whereas the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables must take proper and simultaneous account of the objectives set out in Articles 39 and 110 of the Treaty;

Whereas, to facilitate the implementation of the proposed measures, a procedure for close cooperation between the Member States and the Commission by means of a management committee should be set up,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

1. This Regulation sets up a common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables.

2. The organization shall cover the following products:

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3. The marketing years for the products listed in paragraph 2 shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

TITLE I

CLASSIFICATION OF PRODUCTS

Article 2

1. Products to be delivered fresh to the consumer may be classified by reference to a set of standards.

2. The UN/ECE standards for fresh fruit and vegetables recommended by the Economic Commission for Europe's Working Party on Perishable Product Standardization and Quality Improvement that exist on the date of entry into force of this Regulation shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45 for the purpose of implementing the market organization in the products listed in Annex I hereto. Until these standards are adopted, the standards defined under Article 2 of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 shall continue to apply.

3. Derogations from the standards adopted pursuant to paragraph 2 which prove necessary in order to meet requirements specific to the market organization shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 3

1. Products covered by the quality standards adopted may not be displayed or offered for sale, sold, delivered or marketed in any other manner within the Community than in conformity with those standards.

However, Member States may exempt the following from the requirement of complying with the quality standards or with some of their provisions:

(a) products displayed or offered for sale, sold, delivered or marketed in any other manner by the grower on wholesale markets, in particular on producer markets, situated in the production area;

(b) products shipped from those wholesale markets to preparation and packing stations and storage facilities situated in the same production area.

Where the second subparagraph is applied, the Member State concerned shall inform the Commission and shall notify it of the measures taken.

2. The following shall not be required to conform to the quality standards within a given production area:

(a) products sold or delivered by the grower to preparation and packing stations or storage facilities, or shipped from his holding to such stations;

(b) products shipped from storage facilities to preparation and packaging stations.

3. The following shall not be required to conform to the quality standards:

(a) products shipped to processing plants, unless minimum quality criteria for products intended for industrial processing are set in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Evidence must be supplied that such products fulfil the conditions laid down, in particular with regard to their intended use;

(b) products transferred by the producer on his holding to consumers for their personal use or sold retail in a particular region as products traditionally consumed locally.

4. Detailed rules for the application of this shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 4

Where the supply of products conforming to the quality standards is insufficient to meet consumer demand, measures derogating from their application for a limited period shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 5

1. The information particulars required by the quality standards must be shown legibly in an obvious position on one side of the packaging, either indelibly printed directly onto the package or on a label firmly affixed to the package.

2. For goods shipped in bulk and loaded directly onto a means of transport, the particulars referred to in paragraph 1 shall be given in a document accompanying the goods or shown on a notice placed in an obvious position inside the means of transport.

Article 6

At the retail stage, where products are put up in packages or prepackaging within the meaning of Council Directive 79/112/EEC (12), the information particulars required shall be legible and conspicuous.

Products may be presented unpackaged, provided that the retailer displays with the goods offered for sale a card showing prominently and legibly the information particulars specified in the quality standards relating to:

- variety,

- origin of the product,

- quality class.

Article 7

To establish whether products covered by quality standards conform to the provisions of Articles 3 to 6, checks shall be made by sampling at all marketing stages and during transport by the authorities appointed by each Member State in accordance with Title VI.

These checks shall preferably be made prior to dispatch from production areas when the products are being packed or loaded.

Member States shall communicate to the other Member States and to the Commission the names of the authorities which they have appointed to be responsible for checking.

Article 8

1. Products covered by quality standards shall be accepted for importation from third countries only if they conform to the quality standards or to standards at least equivalent to them.

2. Articles 3 to 7 shall apply to products imported into the Community, after completion of the import formalities in accordance with current Community rules.

Article 9

1. Products covered by quality standards shall be accepted for export to third countries only if they conform to the quality standards.

Derogations may, however, be granted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45 to suit the requirements of the intended markets.

2. Products for export to third countries shall be subject to a quality control before they leave the customs territory of the Community.

Article 10

Measures to ensure uniform application of the provisions of this Title shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

For products intended to be imported into the Community, such measures may consist in approval of the official inspection authorities of the exporting third country.

TITLE II

PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS

Article 11

1. For the purposes of this Regulation, 'producer organization' means any legal entity:

(a) which is formed on the own initiative of growers of the fruit and/or vegetables listed in Article 1 (2) in order, in particular:

(1) to ensure that production is planned and adjusted to demand, particularly in terms of quality and quantity;

(2) to promote concentration of supply by placing on the market the products produced by its members;

(3) to reduce production costs and stabilize prices;

(4) to promote the use of cultivation practices, production techniques and waste-management practices that are environmentally sound, in particular to protect the quality of water, soil and landscape and encourage biodiversity;

(b) whose rules of association require its producer members, in particular:

(1) to apply the rules adopted by the producer organization relating to production reporting, production itself, marketing and protection of the environment;

(2) to belong to only one producer organization in respect of a given holding;

(3) to market their entire production through the producer organization. However, where the producer organization so authorizes and in compliance with the terms and conditions it lays down, the producer members may:

- sell not more than 10 % of their production directly on their holding to consumers for their personal needs,

and furthermore:

- market themselves or through another producer organization designated by their own organization, quantities of products which are marginal in relation to the volumes marketable by their organization,

- market through another producer organization designated by their own organization products which, because of their characteristics, are not normally covered by the commercial activities of the organization concerned;

(4) to provide the information requested by the producer organization for statistical purposes, in particular on growing areas, quantities cropped, yields, and direct sales;

(5) to pay the contributions provided for in its rules of association for the establishment and replenishment of the operational guidance fund provided for in Article 15;

(c) whose rules of association provide for:

(1) procedures for determining, adopting and amending the rules referred to in point 1 of (b);

(2) the contributions needed to finance the producer organization;

(3) rules enabling the producer members democratically to scrutinize their organization and its decisions;

(4) penalties for infringement of obligations under the rules of association, particularly non-payment of contributions, and of the rules laid down by the producer organization;

(5) rules on the admission of new members, particularly a minimum membership period;

(d) which has been recognized by the Member State concerned pursuant to paragraph 2.

2. Member States shall recognize as producer organizations for the purposes of this Regulation all producer groups applying for such recognition, on condition that:

(a) they meet the requirements laid down in paragraph 1 and provide the relevant evidence, including proof that they have a minimum number of members and cover a minimum volume of marketable production, to be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45;

(b) there is sufficient evidence that they can carry out their activities properly, both over time and in terms of effectiveness;

(c) they actually provide their producer members with technical assistance in using environmentally sound cultivation practices and for storing, packaging and marketing their produce and, in discharging their allotted tasks, ensure proper commercial management of their activities, including keeping appropriate accounts.

Article 12

1. Member States shall:

(a) decide whether to grant recognition to a producer organization within three months of the lodging of an application with all relevant supporting documents;

(b) decide, where necessary, to withdraw recognition on the basis of checks which they must carry out at frequent intervals to ascertain that producer organizations meet the terms and conditions for recognition, and shall adopt the penalties to apply to such organizations in the event of their recognition being withdrawn;

(c) notify the Commission, within two months, of every decision to grant, refuse or withdraw recognition.

2. The terms and conditions on which the Member States are to report to the Commission on the activities of producer organizations shall be drawn up in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

The Commission shall check that Article 11 is complied with by carrying out checks in accordance with Title VI and shall, where appropriate, call on Member States to withdraw recognition.

Article 13

1. Producer organizations recognized pursuant to Articles 13 and 13a of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 up to 30 June 1995 which are unable to qualify for recognition pursuant to Article 11 of this Regulation without a transitional period may continue to operate under the provisions of Title IV for two years after its entry into force, provided they remain in compliance with the requirements of the said Articles of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72.

2. The period of two years referred to in paragraph 1 may be extended to four years provided the organization concerned:

(a) by a set date falling before the end of the two-year period referred to in paragraph 1, presents to the relevant Member State, which must either accept or reject it, a plan of action with a view to attaining recognition pursuant to Article 11 (2);

(b) can show, when presenting its plan, that it has set up the operational fund referred to in Article 15;

(c) undertakes, on pain of a penalty to be determined by the Member State, to complete the implementation of its action plan before the end of the four-year period.

3. Producer organizations which no longer meet the conditions laid down in paragraph 2, whatever the reason and at whatever moment, shall lose their status as such on the terms set out in Article 12 (1) (b).

However, the first subparagraph shall apply without prejudice to any individual rights which the producer organization may have acquired in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72.

Article 14

1. New producer organizations not recognized pursuant Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 may be allowed a transitional period of no more than four years in which to meet the condistions for recognition laid down in Article 11.

In order to qualify, they shall present a phased plan of action to the relevant Member State, acceptance of which shall signal the start of the four-year period referred to in the first subparagraph and shall constitute a preliminary recognition.

2. During the four years following the date of preliminary recognition, Member States may grant to the producer organizations referred to in paragraph 1:

(a) aid to encourage their formation and facilitate their administrative operation;

(b) aid, provided either directly or through credit institutions in the form of special loans, to cover part of the investments required to attain recognition and set out in the plan referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 1.

3. The aid referred to in paragraph 2 shall be reimbursed by the Commission in accordance with Article 51 (2).

4. Before granting preliminary recognition, Member States shall inform the Commission of their intentions and the financial implications.

5. Presentation of a recognition plan by a producer organization to a Member State shall entail a commitment by the organization to submit to national and Community checks in accordance with Title VI, in particular with regard to proper management of public funds.

6. Member States shall adopt the penalties to apply to producer organizations which do not fulfil their undertakings.

Article 15

1. Financial assistance shall be granted on the terms set out in this Article to producer organizations setting up an operational fund maintained by levies on their member producers directly proportional to the quantities of fruit and vegetables actually marketed by them. This financial assistance shall be additional to be operational fund.

2. Operational funds as indicated in paragraph 1 shall be used:

(a) to finance both market withdrawals and processing of citrus fruit on the terms set out in paragraph 3;

(b) to finance an operational programme submitted to the competent national authorities and approved by them under paragraph 6.

Such funds may also be used in whole or in part to finance an action plan submitted by a producer organization as referred to in Article 13.

3. Use of the operational fund to finance withdrawals and/or the processing of citrus fruit shall be permissible only if an operational programme has been approved by the competent national authorities. Financing shall take one of the following forms:

(a) withdrawal compensation for products not listed in Annex II;

(b) a supplement to the Community withdrawal compensation;

(c) a supplement to the minimum price to be paid to producers for citrus fruit delivered for processing pursuant to Council Regulations (EEC) No 1035/77 (13) and (EC) No 3119/93 (14).

Member States may set a maximum level to the compensation or supplements so decided, but not exceeding the maximum level of withdrawal prices applying in the 1995/96 marketing year in accordance with Article 16 (3a), Article 16a, Article 16b and the first indent of Article 18 (1) (a) of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72.

The proportion of the operational fund which may be used to finance withdrawals may not exceed 40 % in the first year, 35 % in the second, 30 % in the third, 20 % in the fourth and 10 % from the fifth year onwards, commencing from the date of approval by the competent national authorities of the first operational programme submitted by the producer organization and approved by them.

4. Operational programmes as indicated in paragraph 2 (b) shall:

(a) have as their objectives the improvement of product quality, boosting products' commercial value, promotion of the products targeted on consumers and creation of organic product lines;

(b) include action to develop the use of environmentally sound techniques by the producer members with regard to both cultivation practices and the management of waste materials;

(c) make financial provision for the technical and human resources required to ensure compliance with plant-health standards and rules, and maximum permitted levels of residues.

'Environmentally sound techniques' shall mean, in particular, those which help to achieve the aims of Article 1 (a), (b) and (c) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2078/92 (15).

5. The financial assistance referred to in paragraph 1 shall be equal to the amount of the levies indicated in that paragraph as actually paid but limited to 50 % of the actual expenditure incurred under paragraph 2. This percentage shall be 60 % where an operational programme or part of an operational programme is submitted:

(a) either by several Community producer organizations operating in different Member States on transnational schemes, except for operations as referred to in paragraph 2 (a);

(b) or by one or more producer organizations engaged in schemes operated on an interbranch basis.

6. The assistance referred to in paragraph 5 shall be financed as to 20 % by the Member States and as to 80 % by the Community.

However, financing shall be as to 10 % by the Member States and as to 90 % by the Community in the case of producer organizations operating in 'Objective 1' regions within the meaning of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2052/88 (16).

Article 16

1. Operational programmes as referred to in Article 15 (2) (b) shall be submitted to the competent national authorities, who shall approve or reject them or request their modification in line with the provisions of this Regulation.

Member States shall establish a national framework for drawing up the general conditions relating to the measures referred to in Article 15 (4) (b). They shall submit their proposed framework to the Commission which may request modifications within three months if it finds that the proposal does not enable the aims set out in Article 130r of the Treaty and in the Community programme of policy and action in relation to the environment and sustainable development to be attained.

2. By 31 January at the latest each year, producer organizations shall notify the volume of their operational fund to the Member State. The Member State shall in turn notify the organization of the amount of financial assistance in line with the limits set out in Article 15 (5).

3. An association of producer organizations recognized by a Member State may replace its members for the purposes of managing their operational fund within the meaning of Article 15 (1) and for establishing, implementing and submitting operational programmes as referred to in Article 15 (2) (b). In such cases the association shall receive the financial assistance and make the notification referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article.

4. Operational programmes and their private and public financing shall have a minimum duration of three and a maximum duration of five years.

5. Submission of an operational programme to a Member State by a producer organization or, if the option indicated in paragraph 3 is taken up, an association of producer organizations, shall imply a commitment by the organization or association to submit to national and Community checks in accordance with Title VI, in particular as regards proper management of public resources.

Article 17

Should the general instruments of the common organization of the market prove inadequate or inappropriate with regard to the products listed in Article 1 which are of major local or regional importance in economic or ecological terms and which face strong international competition, specific measures to improve the competitiveness of these products and to promote them may be taken in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

These measures may, in particular, include measures of the kind referred to in Article 19 (1) (c).

Article 18

1. In cases where a producer organization or an association of producer organizations which have adopted the same rules, which operates in a specific economic area is considered, in respect of a specific product, to be representative of production and producers in that area, the Member State concerned may, at the request of the organization or association, make the following rules binding on producers established in the area who do not belong to one of the organizations referred to above.

(a) the rules referred to in Article 11 (1) (b) (1);

(b) the rules adopted by the organization or association relating to market withdrawals;

on condition that the rules:

- have been in force for at least one year,

- are included in the exhaustive list in Annex III,

- are made binding for no more than three marketing years.

2. For the purposes of this Article, 'economic area' means a zone made up of adjoining or neighbouring production regions in which production and marketing conditions are homogeneous.

3. A producer organization or association of organizations shall be deemed representative within the meaning of paragraph 1 where its members account for at least two-thirds of the producers in the economic area in which it operates and it covers at least two-thirds of the production of that area.

4. The rules which are made binding on all producers in a specific economic area:

(a) must not cause any harm to other producers in the Member State or in the Community;

(b) shall not apply, unless they expressly cover them, to products delivered for processing under a contract signed before the beginning of the marketing year, with the exception of the rules on reporting production referred to in paragraph 1 (a);

(c) must not clash with Community rules in force.

5. Member States shall notify the Commission forthwith of the rules which they have made binding on all producers in a specific economic area.

The Commission shall decide that a Member State must repeal an extension of the rules decided on by that Member State:

(a) if it finds that the extension to other producers excludes competition in a substantial part of the internal market or jeopardizes free trade, or that the objectives of Article 39 of the Treaty are endangered,

(b) if it finds that Article 85 (1) of the Treaty applies to the agreement, decision or practice which it has been decided to extend to other producers. The Commission's decision with regard to that agreement, decision or practice shall apply only from the date of such a finding,

(c) where, following ex-post checks under Title VI, it finds that this Article has not been complied with.

6. Where paragraph 1 is applied, the Member State concerned may decide, on scrutiny of evidence presented, that non-member producers shall be liable to the organization, or where appropriate the association, for the part of the membership fees paid by the producer members, in so far as these are used to cover:

(a) administrative costs resulting from applying the rules referred to in paragraph 1,

(b) the cost of research, market studies and sales promotion undertaken by the orgnaization or association and benefiting all producers in the area.

7. Member States shall notify a list of economic areas as referred to in paragraph 2 to the Commission. Within one month of notification, the Commission shall approve the list or shall, after consultation with the Member State concerned, decide on the amendments which the latter must make to it.

TITLE III

INTERBRANCH ORGANIZATIONS AND AGREEMENTS

Article 19

1. For the purposes of this Regulation, 'recognized interbranch organizations', hereinafter referred to as 'interbranch organizations', means legal entities which:

(a) are made up of representatives of economic activities linked to the production and processing of and trade in the products referred to in Article 1 (2);

(b) are established at the initiative of all or some of the organizations or associations which constitute them;

(c) carry out several of the following measures in one or more regions of the Community, taking account, where relevant, of the interests of consumers:

- improving knowledge and the transparency of production and the market,

- helping to coordinate better the way fruit and vegetables are placed on the market, in particular by means of research and market studies,

- drawing up standard forms of contract compatible with Community rules,

- exploiting the value of the fruit and vegetables produced,

- providing the information and carrying out the research necessary to adjust production towards products more suited to market requirements and consumer tastes and expectations, in particular with regard to product quality and protection of the environment,

- seeking ways of restricting the use of plant-health products and other inputs and ensuring product quality and soil and water conservation,

- developing methods and instruments for improving product quality,

- exploiting the potential of and protecting organic farming as well as designations of origin, quality labels and geographical denominations,

- laying down rules, as regards the production and marketing rules set out in Annex III, which are stricter than Community or national rules;

(d) have been recognized by the Member State concerned on the terms set out in paragraph 2.

2. Member States shall recognize as interbranch organizations all organizations established on their territory which make an appropriate application, on condition that:

(a) they carry out their activity in one or more regions in that territory;

(b) they represent a significant share of the production and processing of and, where relevant, the trade in fruit and vegetables and products processed from fruit and vegetables in the region or regions in question and, where more than one region is involved, they can demonstrate a minimum level of representativity in each region for each of the branches that they group;

(c) they carry out several of the measures referred to in paragraph 1 (c);

(d) they are not themselves engaged in the production or processing of, or trade in, fruit and vegetables or products processed from fruit and vegetables.

3. Before granting recognition Member States shall notify the Commission of the interbranch organizations which have applied for recognition, providing all relevant information about their representativity and their various activities, together with all other information needed for an assessment.

The Commission may object to recognition within a time limit of 60 days after notification.

4. Member States shall

(a) decide whether to grant recognition within three months of the lodging of an application, with all relevant supporting documents;

(b) decide, where necessary, to withdraw recognition on the basis of checks which they must carry out at frequent intervals to ascertain that interbranch organizations meet the terms and conditions for recognition, and shall adopt the penalties to apply to such organizations in the event of their recognition being withdrawn;

(c) notify the Commission, within two months, of any decision to grant, refuse or withdraw recognition.

5. The terms and conditions on which the Member States are to report to the Commission on the activities of interbranch organizations shall be drawn up in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

The Commission shall check that paragraph 2 is complied with by carrying out checks in accordance with Title VI and may, as a result of these checks, ask a Member State to withdraw recognition.

6. Recognition shall constitute an authorization to carry out the measures listed in paragraph 1 (c), consistent with the terms of this Regulation.

Article 20

1. In cases where an interbranch organization operating in a specific region or regions is considered to be representative of the production and processing of and, where relevant, trade in a given product, the Member State concerned may, at the request of the organization, make some of the decisions or agreements agreed on within that organization binding for a limited period on other operators in the region or regions in question, whether individuals or groups, who do not belong to the organization.

2. An interbranch organization shall be deemed representative within the meaning of paragraph 1 where it accounts for at least two-thirds of the production or processing of, or trade in, fruit and vegetables in the region or regions concerned. Where the application for extension of its rules to other operators covers more than one region, the organization must demonstrate a minimum level of representativity for each of the branches it groups in each of the regions concerned.

3. The rules for which extension to other operators may be requested:

(a) must concern one of the following aims:

- production and market reporting,

- stricter production rules than any laid down in Community or national rules,

- rules on marketing,

- rules on protecting the environment,

- measures to promote and exploit the value of products,

- measures to protect organic farmings as well as designations of origin, quality labels and geographical denominations.

The rules referred to in the second, third and fourth indents must not be other than those which appear in Annex III;

(b) must have been in force for at least one year;

(c) may be made binding for no more than three years;

(d) must not cause any harm to other operators in the Member State or the Community.

Article 21

1. Member States shall notify the Commission forthwith of the rules which they have made binding on all operators in one or more specific regions.

The Commission shall decide that a Member State must repeal an extension of the rules decided on by that Member State in the cases referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 18 (5).

2. Where rules are made binding pursuant to this Article on operators who do ot belong to an interbranch organization, the Member State concerned may decide, on scrutiny of evidence presented, that operators, whether or not individuals, who are not members shall be liable to the organization for all or part of the membership fees paid by the members.

TITLE IV

INTERVENTION ARRANGEMENTS

Article 22

1. Producer organizations and their associations may choose not to put up for sale products listed in Article 1 (2) contributed by their members, both in quantities and for periods which they consider appropriate.

2. The destination of products withdrawn from the market pursuant to paragraph 1 must be fixed by the producer organization or association in such a way as not to disturb the normal disposal of the products in question and must respect the environment, particularly as regards water and landscape quality.

3. Where paragraph 1 is applied to any one of the products listed in Annex II which meet the relevant standards, producer organizations and their associations shall pay their producer members the Community withdrawal compensation fixed pursuant to Article 25, up to a ceiling of 10 % of marketed production.

The 10 % limit set in the first subparagraph shall apply to the marketed production of only the members of the producer organization concerned, or of another organization in cases of application of the second and third indents of Article 11 (1) (b) (3) withdrawals pursuant to Article 23 excluded.

4. The 10 % ceiling referred to in paragraph 3 shall apply from the fifth marketing year following the date of entry into force of this Regulation. Withdrawals carried out during the transitional period covering the four previous marketing years may not exceed the following percentages of marketed production as defined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45: 50 % in the first marketing year, 40 % in the second, 30 % in the third and 20 % in the fourth.

However, in the case of citrus fruit these percentages shall be: 30 % in the first marketing year, 25 % in the second, 20 % in the third and 15 % in the fourth.

The second subparagraph of paragraph 3 shall apply to this paragraph.

Article 23

In connection with products listed in Annex II, producer organizations shall allow the benefits of Article 22 to growers who are not members of any of the collective structures provided for in this Regulation, if they so request.

However, the Community withdrawal compensation shall be reduced by 10 %. In addition, the amount paid shall take account, on scrutiny of the evidence, of the overall withdrawal costs borne by the members. The compensation may not be granted on a volume greater than 10 % of the grower's marketed production.

Article 24

Producer organizations and their associations shall notify full details concerning the implementation of Articles 22 and 23, and in particular the measures taken to ensure environmentally sound practice in connection with withdrawals, to their national authorities, which shall forward the information to the Commission.

The information to be notified shall be determined, as necessary, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Member States shall establish a national framework for drawing up the general conditions relating to the measures referred to in Article 15 (4) (b). They shall submit their proposed framework to the Commission which may request modifications within three months if it finds that the proposal does not enable the aims set out in Article 130r of the Treaty and in the Community programme of policy and action in relation to the environment and sustainable development to be attained.

Article 25

1. For the first marketing year following the entry into force of this Regulation, the Community withdrawal compensation shall, for each product listed in Annex II other than citrus fruit, be equal to the average monthly withdrawal price applicable for the 1995/96 marketing year pursuant to Articles 16 (3a), 16a, 16b and the first indent of Article 18 (1) (a) of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72.

From the fifth marketing year following the entry into force of this Regulation, the Community withdrawal compensation shall be equal, for each of the products in question, to 85 % of the compensation fixed pursuant to the first subparagraph.

The difference between the compensation referred to in the first subparagraph and that referred to in the second shall be absorbed in equal instalments from the second to the fifth marketing years following the entry into force of this Regulation.

2. In the case of citrus fruit, the Community withdrawal compensation shall, for the first marketing year following the entry into force of this Regulation and for each product, except satsumas, be equal to the lowest withdrawal price applicable for the 1995/96 marketing year pursuant to Articles 16a, 16b and the first indent of Article 18 (1) (a) of Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72, and for satsumas to the highest withdrawal price.

From the fifth marketing year following the entry into force of this Regulation, the Community withdrawal compensation shall be equal, for all products, to the lowest withdrawal price for clementines determined in accordance with the first subparagraph.

The difference between the compensation referred to in the first subparagraph and that referred to in the second shall be absorbed in equal instalments from the second to the fifth marketing years following the entry into force of this Regulation.

3. The Community withdrawal compensation shall be a single amount valid throughout the Community.

4. The amounts referred to in this Article shall be set, where required, at the beginning of each of the marketing years referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 26

1. If the market in a product listed in Annex II is suffering or at risk of suffering from widespread structural imbalances giving or liable to give rise to too large a volume of the withdrawals referred to in Article 22, an intervention threshold shall be set before the beginning of the marketing year for that product in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45 and the consequences of any overrun, assessed for the product on the basis of withdrawals made during a marketing year or an equivalent period or of the average of the volume of intervention over several marketing years, shall be borne financially by the producers.

An overrun of the intervention threshold shall give rise to a reduction in the Community withdrawal compensation in the following marketing year. This reduction shall not be carried over to subsequent marketing years.

2. The following shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45:

(a) the implications for each product of an overrun of the threshold;

(b) where necessary, the reduced Community withdrawal compensation and measures for the application of this Article.

3. This Article shall apply during the first four marketing years following entry into force of this Regulation.

Article 27

1. Member States shall notify the Commission on each marketing day during each of the relevant marketing years of the prices recorded on their representative producer markets for certain products of defined commercial characteristics such as variety or type, quality class, size and packaging.

2. A list of the markets and products referred to in paragraph 1 shall be drawn up in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Markets in Member States on which a substantial part of the national output of a given product is marketed throughout the marketing year or during one of the periods into which the year is divided shall be regarded as representative within the meaning of paragraph 1.

Article 28

1. Member States shall pay the Community withdrawal compensation fixed in Article 25 to producer organizations or their associations which have carried out withdrawals under the terms of Articles 22 and 23 and are required to pay the compensation to their members or to non-member growers.

Payments and advances therof shall be made in a manner to be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

2. The Communtiy withdrawal compensation shall be paid without prejudice to the financial implications resulting from any overrun of an intervention threshold.

The compensation shall, in addition, be reduced by the net receipts earned by producer organizations and their associations from the products withdrawn from the market.

3. Where producer organizations and their associations are unable to direct products to one of the destinations referred to in Article 29 (1), the Community withdrawal compensation shall be granted only if the products are used in accordance with the instructions issued by the Member State pursuant to Article 29 (2), (3) and (4).

Article 29

1. Products withdrawn from the market pursuant to Article 22 (3) which remain unsold shall be disposed of as follows:

(a) all products:

- free distribution to charitable organizations and foundations, approved to that effect by the Member States, for use in their activities to assist persons whose right to public assistance is recognized in national law, in particular because they lack the necessary means of subsistence,

- free distribution to penal institutions and to children's holiday camps as well as to hospitals and old-peole's homes designated by the Member States, which shall take all necessary steps to ensure that the quantities thus distributed are additional to the quantities normally bought in by such establishments,

- free distribution outside the Community, through charitable organizations approved to that effect by the Member States, to the populations of third countries in need,

and, secondarily,

- use for non-foods purposes,

- use in animal feed, either fresh or after processing by the feedingstuffs industry,

(b) fruit: free distribution to school children, other than as part of the meals served in school canteens;

(c) apples, pears, peaches and nectarines: processing into alcohol of a strength of more than 80° by direct distillation of the product;

(d) all products: disposal of certain classes of product to the processing industry on condition that there is no resulting distortion of competition for the industries concerned within the Community or for imported products. The implementation of this provision shall be decided in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

2. It shall be the responsibility of Member States to organize the free distribution provided for in the first, second and third indents of paragraph 1 (a) and in paragraph 1 (b).

However, with regard to the free distribution of fruit to school children, the Commission may take the initiative of and responsibility for implementing local pilot projects within the framework of research and promotion measures.

3. Member States shall organize the contacts between producer organizations and charitable organizations and other bodies which may be interested in using products withdrawn from the market within their territory, with a view to one of the forms of free distribution referred to in paragraph 1 (a) and (b).

4. The disposal of products to the feedingstuffs industry shall be carried out by tendering procedure by an agency designated by the member State concerned.

The distillation referred to in paragraph 1 (c) shall be carried out by distilleries either on their own account or on behalf of a body designated by the Member State concerned. In the first case this body shall dispose of the products to distilleries by tendering procedure. In the second case it shall award distilling operations by tendering procedure.

5. The Community shall defray, on terms and conditions to be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 729/70 (17), transport costs in connection with free distribution as provided for in paragraph I (a) and sorting and packaging costs in connection with free distribution of apples and citrus fruit where the latter is staggered under contractual agreements concluded between producer organizations and charitable organizations or establishments referred to in paragraph 3.

6. Detailed rules for the application of this Article, particularly the criteria applying to tendering procedures, shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure lais down in Article 45.

TITLE V

TRADE WITH THIRD COUNTRIES

Article 30

1. Imports into the Community, or exports therefrom, of any of the products listed in Article 1 (2) may be subject to presentation of an import or export licence.

Licences shall be issued by Member States to any applicant, irrespective of his place of establishment in the Community and without prejudice to measures taken for the application of Articles 35 and 36.

Import and export licences shall be valid throughout the Community. The issue of such licences may be subject to the lodging of a security guaranteeing that the products are imported or exported during the term of validity of the licence; except in cases of force majeure, the security shall be forfeited in whole or in part if import or export is not carried out, or is carried out only partially, within that period.

2. The term of validity of licences and other detailed rules for the application of this Article shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 31

1. Save as otherwise provided for in this Regulation, the rates of duty in the common customs tariff shall apply to the products listed in Article 1 (2).

2. Should application of the common customs tariff duty rate depend on the entry price of the imported consignment, the veracity of this price shall be checked using a flat-rate import value calculated by the Commission, by product and by origin, on the basis of the weighted average of prices for the product on Member States' representative import markets or on other markets, where appropriate. Specific provisions may, however, be adopted for verifying the entry price of products imported primarily for processing, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

3. Where the declared entry price of the consignment in question is higher than the flat-rate import value, increased by a margin set in accordance with paragraph 5 which may not exceed the flat-rate value by more than 10 %, the lodging of a security equal to the import duty determined on the basis of the flat-rate import value shall be required.

4. If the entry price of the consignment in question is not declared at the time of customs clearance, the common customs tariff duty rate applied shall depend on the flat-rate import value or be arrived at by application of the relevant customs legislation provisions under conditions to be determined in accordance with paragraph 5.

5. Detailed rules for the application of this Article shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 32

1. In order to prevent or counteract adverse effects on the market in the Community which may result from imports of certain products listed in Article 1 (2), imports of one or more of such products at the rate of duty laid down in the common customs tariff shall be subject to payment of an additional import duty if the conditions set out in Article 5 of the Agreement on Agriculture concluded in accordance with Article 228 of the Treaty in the framework of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations have been fulfilled, unless the imports are unlikely to disturb the Community market, or the effects would be disproportionate to the intended objective.

2. The trigger prices below which an additional duty may be imposed shall be those notified by the Community to the World Trade Organization.

The trigger volumes to be exceeded in order to have the additional import duty imposed shall be determined in particular on the basis of imports into the Community in the three years preceding the year in which the adverse effects referred to in paragraph 1 arise or are likely to arise.

3. The import prices to be taken into consideration for imposing an additional import duty shall be determined on the basis of the cif import prices of the consignment concerned.

The cif import prices shall be verified for this purpose on the basis of representative prices for the product in question on the world market or on the Community import market for the product.

4. Detailed rules for the application of this Article shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45. Such detailed rules shall specify in particular:

(a) the products to which additional import duties may be applied pursuant to Article 5 of the Agreement on Agriculture;

(b) the other criteria necessary for application of paragraph 1 in accordance with Article 5 of the Agreement on Agriculture.

Article 33

1. Tariff quotas for the products listed in Article 1 (2) resulting from agreements concluded in the framework of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations shall be opened and administered in accordance with detailed rules adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

2. Quotas may be administered by applying one of the following methods or a combination thereof:

(a) a method based on the chronological order in which applications are lodged ('first come, first served' basis);

(b) a method of allocating quotas in proportion to quantities requested when applications are lodged (using the 'simultaneous examination' method);

(c) a method based on taking traditional trade flows into account (using the 'traditional importers/new arrivals' method).

Other appropriate methods may be adopted.

They must avoid any discrimination between the operators concerned.

3. The method of administration adopted shall, where appropriate, take account of the supply needs of the Community market and the need to safeguard the equilibrium of that market, whilst at the same time drawing on methods applied in the past to quotas corresponding to those referred to in paragraph 1, without prejudice to rights arising from agreements concluded in the framework of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations.

4. The detailed rules referred to in paragraph 1 shall provide for annual quotas, suitably phased over the year, shall determine the administrative method to be used and, where appropriate, shall include:

(a) guarantees covering the nature, provenance and origin of the product;

(b) recognition of the document used for verifying the guarantees referred to in (a); and

(c) the conditions under which import licences are issued and their term of validity.

Article 34

1. To the extent necessary to enable economically significant quantities of the products listed in Article 1 (2) to be exported on the basis of the prices of these products in international trade but within the limits resulting from agreements concluded in accordance with Article 228 of the Treaty, the difference between those prices and prices in the Community may be covered by export refunds.

2. The method to be adopted for allocation of the quantities which may be exported with a refund shall be the method which:

(a) is most suited to the nature of the product and the situation on the market in question, allows the most efficient possible use of the resources available and takes due account of the efficiency and structure of Community exports, without, however, creating discrimination between large and small operators;

(b) is least cumbersome administratively for operators, administration requirements taken into account;

(c) avoids any discrimination between the operators concerned.

3. Refunds shall be the same for the whole Community.

Where the international trade situation or the specific requirements of certain markets make this necessary, the refund for a given product may vary according to the destination of the product.

Refunds shall be fixed in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45. Refunds shall be fixed periodically.

Refunds fixed periodically may, where necessary, be adjusted in the interval by the Commission at the request of a Member State or on its own initiative.

4. The following shall be taken into account when refunds are being fixed:

(a) the existing situation and likely trends with regard to:

- prices and availability of fruit and vegetables on the Community market,

- prices for fruit and vegetables in international trade;

(b) marketing costs and minimum transport charges from Community markets to ports and other Community export points, and forwarding costs to the country of destination;

(c) the economic aspect of the proposed exports;

(d) the limits resulting from agreements concluded in accordance with Article 228 of the Treaty.

5. The Community market prices referred to in paragraph 1 shall be determined using the prices which are most favourable from the exportation point of view.

The world market prices referred to in paragraph 1 shall be determined using:

(a) prices recorded on third-country markets;

(b) the most favourable prices in third countries for imports from other third countries;

(c) producer prices recorded in exporting third countries;

(d) free-at-Community-frontier offer prices.

6. Refunds shall be granted only on application and on presentation of the relevant export licence.

7. The refund applicable to exports of products listed in Article 1 (2) shall be that applicable on the day of aplication for the licence and, in the case of a differentiated refund, that applicable on the same day:

(a) for the destination indicated on the licence; or

(b) for the actual destination if it differs from the destination indicated on the licence. In that case, the amount applicable may not exceed the amount applicable for the destination indicated on the licence.

Appropriate measures may be taken to prevent abuse of the flexibility provided for in this paragraph.

8. Paragraphs 6 and 7 may be waived in the case of products listed in Article 1 (2) on which refunds are paid under food-aid operations, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

9. The refund shall be paid upon proof:

- that the products have been exported from the Community,

- are of Community origin, and

- in the case of a differentiated refund, have reached the destination indicated on the licence or another destination for which a refund was fixed, without prejudice to paragraph 7 (b). Exceptions may be made to this rule in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45, provided conditions are laid down which offer equivalent guarantees.

10. Compliance with the limits on volumes arising from agreements concluded in accordance with Article 228 of the Treaty shall be ensured on the basis of the export certificates issued for the reference periods provided for therein and applicable to the products concerned. With regard to compliance with the obligations arising under the Agreement on Agriculture concluded in the Uruguay Round trade negotiations, the ending of a reference period shall not affect the validity of export licences.

11. Detailed rules for the application of this Article, including provisions for the redistribution of unallocated or unused exportable quantities, shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 35

1. Save as otherwise provided for in this Regulation or in provisions adopted pursuant thereto, the following shall be prohibited when importing products listed in Article 1 (2) from third countries:

- the levying of any charge having equivalent effect to a customs duty,

- the application of any quantitative restriction or measure having equivalent effect.

2. The general rules for the interpretation of the combined nomenclature and the special rules for its application shall apply to the classification of products covered by this Regulation; the tariff nomenclature resulting from the application of this Regulation shall be incorporated in the common customs tariff.

Article 36

1. Appropriate measures may be taken when trading with third countries if, by reason of imports or exports, the Community market in one or more of the products listed in Article 1 (2) is affected by, or is threatened with, serious disturbance likely to jeopardize achievement of the objectives set out in Article 39 of the Treaty.

Such measures may be applied only until, depending on the case, the disturbance or threat of disturbance has ceased or the quantities withdrawn or bought in have diminished appreciably.

The Council, acting on a proposal from the Commission in accordance with the voting procedure laid down in Article 43 (2) of the Treaty, shall adopt general rules for application of this paragraph and shall define in what cases and within what limits Member States may take protective measures.

2. If the situation referred to in paragraph 1 arises, the Commission shall, at the request of a Member State or on its own initiative, decide upon the necessary measures; the Member States shall be notified of these and they shall be immediately applicable. If the Commission receives a request from a Member State, it shall take a decision thereon within three working days following receipt of the request.

3. Measures decided upon by the Commission may be referred to the Council by any Member State within three working days of the day on which they were notified. The Council shall meet without delay. It may, acting by a qualified majority, amend or annual the measure in question.

4. This Article shall be applied having regard to the obligations arising from international agreements concluded in accordance with Article 228 (2) of the Treaty.

TITLE VI

NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY CHECKS

Article 37

1. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure compliance with Community rules in the fruit and vegetables sector, particularly in the fields referred to in Annex IV.

2. Checks shall be carried out either systematically or by sampling. In the case of sampling, Member States shall ensure, by their nature and frequency and on the basis of risk analysis, that the checks are appropriate to the measure concerned both in terms of their territory as a whole and in terms of the volume of fruit and vegetable sector products marketed or held with a view to marketing.

The utilization of public funds must be systematically checked, without prejudice to the implementation of systematic checks in other fields.

3. Member States shall ensure that the competent authorities have a sufficient number of suitably qualified and experienced staff to carry out the checks effectively, particularly in the fields referred to in Annex IV.

Article 38

1. Without prejudice to the checks carried out by the national authorities pursuant to Article 37, the Commission shall, in collaboration with the competent authorities of the Member State concerned, carry out on-the-spot checks or cause them to be carried out in order to ensure uniform application of Community rules in the fruit and vegetable sector, particularly in the fields referred to in Annex IV.

2. The Commission shall inform the relevant Member State in advance and in writing about the subject, purpose and location of the checks it envisages, the date on which they are to commence and the identity and status of its inspectors.

Article 39

1. The Commission shall establish a special corps of inspectors in the fruit and vegetable sector consisting partly of Commission inspectors with suitable qualifications, technical knowledge and experience and partly of Member States' staff as indicated in Article 37 (3).

2. The special corps of inspectors shall, under the Commission's direction, discharge the following tasks:

(a) collaborate on the checks planned and carried out by the competent authorities of the Member States;

(b) carry out checks at the Commission's initiative, in which the officials of the Member State may participate;

(c) assess the national verification arrangements set up, the procedures followed and the results obtained;

(d) ascertain the measures, legal and otherwise, taken by the competent authorities to improve compliance with Community rules in the fruit and vegetable sector;

(e) develop collaboration and the exchange of information between the competent bodies of the Member States in order to contribute to the uniform application of the rules in the fruit and vegetable sector and facilitate free movement of the products of the sector.

3. With regard to the checks to be carried out under paragraph 2 (b), the Commission shall, in good time before the start of operations, inform the competent authority of the Member State on whose territory these operations are to take place.

4. The Commission shall itself determine the most appropriate places for the checks to be carried out and shall determine the practical arrangements pertaining to them.

Article 40

1. In carrying out their duties the Commission's corps of inspectors shall, without prejudice to the limits imposed by the Member States on their own officials in carrying out the checks concerned, have the following rights and powers:

(a) access to all premises, warehouses, land, installations and means of transport which may be connected with the checks;

(b) the right to call on any operator concerned to provide an explanation of any matter;

(c) access to all legal and accounting data or documents and other documents relevant to the checks and the right to take copies or extracts.

The Commission's inspectors shall, in the course of checks, adopt an attitude compatible with the rules and professional practices which officials of the Member State must follow. They shall observe professional confidentiality.

2. The Commission shall establish appropriate links with the competent authorities of the Member States in order to draw up joint control programmes. Member States shall cooperate with the Commission to facilitate its accomplishment of this task.

3. The Commission shall communicate the results of the visits made by its inspectors to the competent authority of the Member State concerned as soon as possible. That communication shall record any difficulties encountered and infringements noted of the rules in force.

4. The Member State concerned shall inform the Commission as soon as possible of the steps it has taken to put an end to the difficulties or infringements in question.

Article 41

Findings reported to a Member State pursuant to Article 40 (3) may be treated as those referred to in Article 5 of Regulation (EEC) No 729/70.

TITLE VII

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 42

Save as otherwise provided in this Regulation, Articles 92, 93 and 94 of the Treaty shall apply to the production of and trade in the products referred to in Article 1.

Article 43

1. Member States and the Commission shall communicate to each other the information necessary for applying this Regulation. The data to be communicated shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45. Rules for the communication and distribution of such information shall be adopted in accordance with the same procedure.

2. Without prejudice to Articles 11 and 19, the information on cultivated areas and quantities harvested, marketed or not put on sale pursuant to Article 20 which producer organizations shall collect from their members, and also the terms and conditions on which this information shall be collected by one or more producer organizations designated by the Member State in question from individual producers who do not belong to any of the collective structures provided for in this Regulation, shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

3. Member States shall ensure the statistical processing of the data referred to in paragraph 2. They shall adopt all the control measures needed to verify the accuracy of the data. They shall inform the Commission of those measures.

Article 44

A Management Committee for Fresh Fruit and Vegetables, hereinafter referred to as 'the Committee', shall be set up, consisting of representatives of the Member States and charied by a representative of the Commission.

Article 45

1. Where reference is made to the procedure laid down in this Article, the chairman shall refer the matter to the Committee either on his/her own initiative or at the request of the representative of a Member State.

2. The representative of the Commission shall submit to the Committee a draft of the measures to be taken. The Committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft within a time limit which the chariman may lay down according to the urgency of the matter. The opinion shall be delivered by the majority laid down in Article 148 (2) of the Treaty in the case of decisions which the Council is required to adopt on a proposal from the Commission. The votes of the representatives of the Member States within the Committee shall be weighted in the manner set out in that Article. The chairman shall not vote.

3. The Commission shall adopt measures which shall apply immediately. However, if these measures are not in accordance with the opinion of the Committee, they shall be communicated by the Commission to the Council forthwith. In that event the Commission may defer application of the measures which it has decided for a period of not more than one month from the date of such communication.

The Council, acting by qualified majority, may take a different decision within one month.

Article 46

The Committee may consider any other question referred to it by its chairman either on his/her own initiative or at the request of the representative of a Member State.

Article 47

The rules for the application of this Regulation, and in particular of Titles II, III and VI, shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 45.

Article 48

This Regulation shall be so applied that appropriate account is simultaneously taken of the objectives set out in Articles 39 and 110 of the Treaty.

Article 49

Member States shall take all appropriate measures to penalize infringements of the provisions of this Regulation and to forestall and bring to an end any fraud.

Article 50

The laws, regulations and administrative provisions adopted by Member States for the application or in application of this Regulation shall be communicated to the Commission no later than one month after their adoption. The same shall apply to any modification of the said provisions.

Article 51

1. Expenditure relating to the payment of the Community withdrawal compensation and to Community financing of the operational fund, the specific measures referred to in Article 17 and the checks referred to in Articles 38 and 39 shall be deemed to be intervention to stabilize the agricultural markets within the meaning of Article 1 (2) (b) of Regulation (EEC) No 729/70.

2. The aid granted by the Member States in accordance with Article 14 shall be considered a common measure within the meaning of Article 2 (1) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4256/88 (18). It shall be covered by the annual expenditure forecasts referred to in Article 31 (1) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2328/91 (19).

Article 1 (3) of Regulation (EEC) No 2328/91 shall apply to the aid provided for in this paragraph.

3. Aid shall be paid in accordance with Article 21 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88 (20). However, payment of the balance or reimbursement shall, in addition to the requirements specified in paragraph 4 of that Article, be based on:

(a) a declaration of the expenditure incurred by the Member States during the calendar year, and

(b) a report on the application of the measures during the calendar year concerned, drawn up in accordance with Article 25 (4) of that Regulation, to be presented to the Commission before 1 July of the following year.

4. The Commission shall adopt rules for the application of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article after consulting the committee referred to in Article 29 of Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88.

5. The provisions of Title VI shall apply without prejudice to application of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4045/89 (21).

Article 52

By 31 December 2000 the Commission shall send the Council a report on the operation of this Regulation, accompanied by any proposals that may be required.

Article 53

Regulations (EEC) No 1035/72, (EEC) No 3285/83, (EEC) No 1319/85, (EEC) No 2240/88, (EEC) No 1121/89 and (EEC) No 1198/90 are hereby repealed.

References to those Regulations shall be understood as references to this Regulation and are to be read in conjunction with the correspondence tables in Annex V.

Article 54

This Regulation shall enter into force on 1 January 1996.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

(1) OJ No L 118, 20. 5. 1972, p. 1.

(2) OJ No L 132, 16. 6. 1995, p. 8.

(3) OJ No L 325, 22. 11. 1983, p. 8.

(4) OJ No L 24, 1. 2. 1992, p. 7.

(5) OJ No L 137, 27. 5. 1985, p. 39.

(6) OJ No L 47, 25. 2. 1993, p. 1.

(7) OJ No L 198, 26. 7. 1988, p. 9.

(8) OJ No L 128, 13. 6. 1995, p. 8.

(9) OJ No L 118, 29. 4. 1989, p. 21.

(10) OJ No L 119, 11. 5. 1990, p. 59.

(11) OJ No L 349, 31. 12. 1994, p. 105.

(12) OJ No L 33, 8. 2. 1979, p. 1.

(13) OJ No L 125, 19. 5. 1977, p. 3.

(14) OJ No L 279, 12. 11. 1993, p. 17.

(15) OJ No L 215, 30. 7. 1992, p. 85.

(16) OJ No L 185, 15. 7. 1988, p. 9.

(17) OJ No L 94, 28. 4. 1970, p. 13.

(18) OJ No L 374, 31. 12. 1988, p. 25.

(19) OJ No L 218, 6. 8. 1991, p. 1.

(20) OJ No L 374, 31. 12. 1988, p. 1.

(21) OJ No L 388, 30. 12. 1989, p. 18.

ANNEX I

>TABLE>

ANNEX II

List of products eligible for Community withdrawal compensation pursuant to Article 20 (2)

Cauliflowers

Tomatoes

Aubergines

Apricots

Peaches

Nectarines

Lemons

Pears (other than perry pears)

Table grapes

Apples (other than cider apples)

Satsumas

Mandarins

Clementines

Oranges

ANNEX III

Exhaustive list of rules applied by producer organizations that may be extended to non-member producers (Article 18 (1))

1. Rules on production information

(a) Notification of growing intentions, by product and, where appropriate, variety

(b) Notification of sowings and plantings

(c) Notification of total areas grown, by product and, if possible, variety

(d) Notification of anticipated tonnages and probable cropping dates by product and, if possible, variety

(e) Periodic notification of quantities cropped and available stocks, by variety

(f) Information on storage capacities

2. Production rules

(a) Choice of seed to be used according to intended destination (fresh market/industrial processing)

(b) Thinning in orchards

3. Marketing rules

(a) Specified dates for commencement of cropping; staggering of marketing

(b) Minimum quality and size requirements

(c) Preparation, presentation, packaging and marking at first marketing stage

(d) Indication of product origin

4. Protection of environment

(a) Use of fertilizer and manure

(b) Use of plant-health products and other crop protection methods

(c) Maximum residue content in fruit and vegetables of plant-health products and fertilizers

(d) Rules on disposal of by-products and used material

(e) Rules on destruction of products withdrawn from the market

5. Withdrawals

Rules adopted pursuant to Article 20 in accordance with the terms of Article 22

ANNEX IV

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ANNEX V

Correspondence tables