COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
C0M(91)516 final - SYN 375 
Brussels, 13 December 1991 
Proposal for a 
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 
on the approximation of the laws 
of the Member States concerning equipment 
and proteotive systems intended for use 
in potentially explosive atmospheres 
(presented by the Commission) 
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I. General 
i. Aim of the proposal 
a. Regulatory aspects 
This proposal for a directive is intended to replace Directives 
76/117/EEC and 79/196/EEC (surface equipment) and Ô2/130/EBC 
(mining equipment), together with their subsequent amendments 
84/47/EEC, 88/571/EEC, 90/487/EEC, 88/35/EEC and 91/269/EEC. 
There were, indeed, certain difficulties in Implementing those 
directives, which only incorporated an intermediate stage for the 
treatment of equipment that could be used in potentially explosive 
atmospheres: 
- the harmonization introduced was only of the "optional" type, 
thus enabling the Member States to majTvha.in a legal system 
parallel to that introduced by the directives. This only 
ensured the free movement of equipment complying with it. 
Nevertheless, when directive 79/196/EEC was adopted the Council 
asked the Commission during a subsequent stage, to study the 
scope for achieving total harmonization and to sent it proposals 
with that in mind (cf. declaration set out in the minute, 
Document 4336/79 of 31 January 1979); 
- the scope of the existing directives is restricted to electrical 
equipment and, in the case of surface equipment, is governed by 
the use of certain specific types of protection. This was 
correct practice in 1979 but it has been unable to take account 
of major technological change and recent discoveries regarding 
physical sources and phenomena relating to ignition. Certain 
risks had either not been encountered or were considered 
harmless and only emerged through experience or detailed 
research. 
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the technical annex to the directives is a direct reference to 
the CENELBC standards, thus requiring the long, complicated 
procedure required by the Committee on Adaptation to Technical 
Progress. This means that several years often elapse between 
adaptation of the content of the standards by CENELBC and their 
harmonization via a Commission directive. Manufacturers 
therefore only benefit from free movement after 
disproportionately long delays. 
a particular problem arises from the separate treatment of 
surface and mining equipment in separate directives. It 
therefore becomes difficult to synchronize adaptation to 
technical progress procedures for the two groups of equipment, 
especially since the respective cxanmittees are completely 
different (ministries for industry as :regards surface equipment, 
closed committee within the Safety and Health Commission for the 
Mining and other Extractive Industries). It must also be 
pointed out that the CENELEC standards relating to mining 
equipment have undergone amendments of varying scope in the form 
of a technical annex to Directive 83/130/EEC. The specific 
features of the two groups of often very similar or identical 
forms of equipment could no longer, however, Justify their being 
dealt with in two separate categories? of directive and can be 
subjected to the basic requirements and the typical conformity 
certification procedures by means of equipment categories within 
that single directive. 
Directive 89/392/EBC on machinery1 has covered machinery that 
can be used in potentially explosive atmospheres or which 
themselves can create such an atmosphere (Annex 1, Item 1.5.7 -
explosion hazards). The intention of this directive as regards 
those same machines is to fine-tune the essential requirements 
applying to such hazards. Prom this standpoint it will thus 
constitute a separate directive deriving from Article 1(4) of 
the machinery directive. 
1 OJ m NO L 183, 29.6.1990. 
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- The aim of the Directive is twofold: (a) the removal of 
barriers to trade of which the optional directives were an 
initial stage and (b) the setting of a hj^h uniform level of 
protection. That aim would only be imperfectly achieved if one 
restricted oneself to a sLmple removal of existing barriers to 
trade without taking account of the means of avoiding the 
raising of any such barriers. Following a slow pace of 
technological change during the 1970s the procedure for the 
provision of information set out in Directive 83/189/EEC has 
enabled us to note an increase in the number of notifications of 
a technical nature governing either aspects of or complete 
sectors within the ATEX field. We can quote technical 
regulations in the oil, painting and printing equipment 
industries, measures applying to electrostatic discharges, 
certain measuring instruments, etc. The existence of 
regulations of this type in not all of the Member States can in 
the long term only impede the free movement of ATEX equipment. 
b. Technical aspects 
The rapid changes in the situation as regards explosion hazards 
has prompted research into the other possible sources of 
ignition. For the moment it has thus been possible to pinpoint 
13 of these, of which only half have been electrical in nature: 
Of those mainly of the electrical type we can quote electric 
sparks, arcs and flash currents, electrostatic charges, 
electromagnetic waves, and ionizing radiation. Those of a 
mainly non-electric type under consideration are hot surfaces, 
flames and hot gases, mechanically generated sparks, optical 
radiation, ultrasound, chemical flame initiation and adiabatic 
cxampression. 
A taking account solely of electrical hazards would thus appear 
to be a minimalist approach that is inadequate in aiming at 
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the high level of protection which Article 100(3) requires from 
the Commission in preparing its proposals. Moreover, the 
interlinking of scientific disciplines and the superposing of 
the technologies applied make the distinction between electric 
flrr>H non-electric equipment highly troublesome and, ultimately, 
arbitrary. 
Apart from the inclusion of non-electrical equipment the 
proposal harmonizes the systems intended to arrest a nascent 
explosion or else to limit its consequences to an acceptable 
minimum. It is accepted that, despite the upgrading of 
equipment, it is impossible totally to exclude any possibility 
of explosion. Downstream measures need, to be taken in order to 
achieve total safety. Likewise devices located outside 
potentially explosive atmospheres, the performance of which, 
however, has a direct impact on the safety of equipment within 
such atmospheres, are covered. 
Annex I to the directive defines five categories of equipment 
(three for surface equipment and two for mining equipment) which 
take practical form in the essential requirements listed in the 
Annex II applying to them. The categories correspond in 
structural terms to a hierarchy of protection against explosions 
and are thus also linked to appropriate means of certification 
of conformity. 
The directive also covers equipment designed for environments 
containing mixtures of Inflammable dusts. The very usef of 
equipment of this type causes national discrepancies 
(determination of zones), which is in contrast to use in 
potentially explosive gases, and on which a consensus seems to 
be forming within the circles involved. Design requirements 
will have a positive impact on the aspects linked with the use 
and installation of such equipment - an area to be governed in 
future by Article 118A directives. 
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2. Economic and SQC&alJlJgrpaat. 
A. Economic impact 
ATEX equipment holds considerable économie appeal. It is widely used in 
key sectors of industry: the extraction of solid, liquid and gaseous 
fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), the chemical and metal-working 
industries, the treatment of inflammable organic products (and more 
especially foods), wood and plastic-treatment facilities, printing 
works, eto. Each year roughly 2 500 certificates of conformity are 
issued following tests by the bodies officially appointed for electrical 
equipment. This raises purchase prices - a trend which will continue 
into the future, more particularly since the individual requirements 
will in certain cases require further tests. Moreover, the 
non-repetition of tests of this type on the Community market will reduce 
manufacturers' expenses and, indirectly, those of users, to an 
acceptable level. Although difficult to quantify this is important for 
safety and economic reasons in removing barriers to trade and finding a 
suitable equilibrium. This is why the directive aims to create or 
maintain a high level of safety within reasonable cost limits. As they 
are a considerable asset in rationalizing and improving productivity the 
harmonized standards drawn up by CEN and CENELEC will make a major 
contribution to the success of this proposal, which implements the New 
Approach principle. In parallel to this the directive will be the 
driving force behind speeding up the standardization activities. 
B. fiodai aspects 
This proposal will not alter established structures. However,- an 
overall spread of safety which avoids grey areas between differing 
regulations cannot be underestimated with regard to the users of such 
equipment. It should be noted against the same backdrop that this 
"design" directive will be supplemented by a sister directive dealing 
with the use of ATEX equipment, the latter having ;its legal basis in 
Article 118 A. 
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C. Consultation of interested parties 
Government and private experts helped to prepare this directive, the 
latter coming in particular from CRGALIME (the liaison organization for 
the European metal industries), CEFIC (European Council for the Chemical 
Industry Federations), the FIMTM (Federation of Engineering and Metal 
Processing Industries), the European Standardization bodies GEN and 
CENELEC. The European Union of alcohol, brandy and spirit producers^and 
EOEOPLANT have pledged their support for .the Commission in .writing. 
It has been put to and discussed within the Consultative Committee on 
Safety, Hygiene and the Protection of Health at the Workplace and the 
Safety and Health Commission for the Mining and other Extractive 
Industries. 
Two observers from the EFTA secretariat have also been present during 
the discussions. 
n. Tte projxml for ft dlrfXTtlvft 
This is a "New Approach" directive which ijmplements the guidelines set out 
in the Council Resolution of 7 May 1985. It is based on Article 10QA of 
the Treaty of Rome. 
1. Scope 
The Directive is broad in scope, covering both the electrical and.non 
electrical fields, protective systems and such devices not in 
potentially explosive atmospheres but having repercussions on equipment 
working in such atmospheres. It covers an enoraious section of industry 
as explained in Chapter 1 and as governed by the Council Resolution of 
7 May 1985. 
2. Components. 
The problem of the treatment of components has been acknowledged by the 
Commission. A definition is given in Article 1 and identifies (a) the 
absence of stand-alone operation and (b) any essential contribution to 
equipment safety. 
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The procedures applying to changes in conformity will be governed by 
those for the category for which the œmplete item of equipment is 
intended. Manufacturers will certify cxanpliance with the abovementioned 
procedures in a statement without, however, affixing the EC mark to the 
component 
3. Safety and health requirements 
A. Annex 1 - Criteria determining the assignment of groups of devices to 
conformity categories. 
Annex 1 to the directive is divided into two groups of device: group 1 
governing mining equipment and group 2 surface equipment. Each group is 
further subdivided into conformity categories i.e. 1, 2 and 3 in the 
case of surface equipment, (M)l and (M)2 for mining. This list is based 
on a hierarchy of protective measures applying to that equipment. Thus 
category 1 covers equipment providing a high level of protection and 
thus able to operate where there is a high probability of potentially 
explosive atmospheres. 
In decreasing order categories 2 and 3 will be intended for environments 
in which potentially explosive atmospheres are less probable. The 
philosophy for group 1 is similar. The idea of probability is of 
crucial importance in the area covered. Users are required to pinpoint 
in their facilities areas within which inflammable gases or dusts are 
likely to be released or present with various degrees of probability. 
The parameters taken into account are contained in either national 
regulations or international standards. Harmonization can only be 
^contemplated via an Article 118A directive and is not dealt with in this 
proposal. However, the requirement categories set out therein aim, in 
structural and design terms, at an identical intrinsic level-of 
equipment protection. The combination of equipment designed 
specifically in line with certain conformity categories and , its 
installation/use in line with manufacturers' instructions 
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must provide a maximum level of safety. 
In an industrial environment the measures intended to protect against 
explosions caused by inflammable dusts have been placed in an 
appropriate category depending upon the potential hazard. 
Thifi does not mean identical design for equipment intended for use in 
dusty atmospheres or gaseous environments. The basic requirements set 
out in Annex II are entirely specif io and relate to the abovementioned 
intended use. In this case assignment to one and the same category 
derives first and foremost from identical conformity certification 
procedures. It is thus suggested that the equipment should be placed in 
Category 1 or 3. 
B. Annex II - TVi^-lp safety• rfypilT™imt« 
Annex II sets out the basio general and specific requirements to be met 
by items of equipment in the light of the abovementioned classification. 
The two annexes thus constitute an inseparable whole. The risks 
involved are in principle in direct relation with the explosion of the 
potentially explosive atmosphere. The essential requirements of 
machinery directive 89/392/EEC shall also apply to other risks due, for 
example, to the use of a machine in potentially explosive atmospheres. 
4. Conformity assessment procedures 
The procedures described in detail in the following article take the* 
form of a hierarchy relating to the levels of risk for which equipment 
is Intended. As a general rule the choice is left to manufacturers as 
to whether or not to apply quality assurance systems. 
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The procedures can be summarized as follows: 
A. Equipment. 1nf>^y11ng W^^-PA rvneaaaTy. rtpwinfla not in potentially 
explosive atmospheres fortr Hnftflfl to ATl1rimf?Pt ^P^^ t^T^-tO, and 
Integrated protection systems 
1. Groups I and II, conformity category (M)l and 1 
either EEC type examination (module B) + 
- production quality assurance (mod. D) 
or 
- on-produot check (mod. F) 
or complete quality assurance (mod. H) 
2. Groups I and II, conformity category (M)2 and 2 
EC type approval (mod. B) + 
- conformity with type (mod. C) 
or 
- product quality assurance (mod. E) 
3. Group II, conformity category 3 
only applying to surface industries: 
- internal manufacturing inspection (mod. A) 
B. Autonomously functioning proteotive systems 
EC type examination (mod. B) + 
- conformity to type (mod. C) 
or 
- product quality assurance (mod. E) 
In all cases manufacturers have the option of resorting to the EC unit 
verification procedure (mod. G). 
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5. Means of conformity 
The proposal takes account of the most recent situation as regards the 
use of the EC mark. -However, in order to avoid any confusion and to 
draw user attention to the particular characteristics of the equipment, 
provision is made for the addition of further markings. This will 
include, in particular, a specific explosion prevention sign, the 
equipment-group symbol (I - mining, II - surface industries), the 
conformity category M(l), M(2), 1, 2 or 3, the .nature of the potentially 
explosive mixture (G: gas, D: dusts), and all restrictions on the use or 
conditions applying to safe use. 
6. P^p^l nf redoing fllxflflUvftf* 
This proposal for a directive completely replaces the harmonization 
introduced by Directives 76/117/EBC, 79/196/EEC, 90/487/EEC and 
82/130/EBC and their successive amendments, which will therefore be 
repealed. Nevertheless, the present system has in the past guaranteed a 
high level of protection which should therefore not be impaired. The 
achievements applying to electrical equipment will therefore in essence 
be retained subject, naturally, to an examination of the scope for 
improvement. The high level already existing will, moreover, be 
extended to cover equipment not currently dealt with by Community law. 
7. PmdHne for entry into force 
The intention is to implement the directive in two stages: 
- optional ijmplementation: 1 July 1993 
- total implementation: 1.1.2003 
The optional period is justified for the setting up of any specific test 
and certification structures and to avoid massive demand and thus excessive 
time lags. 
Indeed, although few changes to test facilities seem necessary in the 
electrical field the same does not apply to the non-electrical field where 
a great deal of work is required, in particular on the preparation of 
harmonized standards. 
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COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 
on the approximation of the laws 
of the Member States concerning equipment and 
protective systems Intended for use In 
potentially explosive atmospheres 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European 
Economic Community, and In particular Article 100A thereof; 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission-,1 
In cooperation with the European Parliament;2 
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social 
Comm11 tee ; 3 
Whereas It is the duty of Member States to protect, on their 
territory, the safety and health of persons and, where 
appropriate, domestic animals and property and, In 
particular, that of workers, especially against the hazards 
resulting from the use of equipment and systems providing 
protection against potentially explosive atmospheres; 
1 OJ EC ( ) . 
2 0J EC ( ) . 
3 0J EC ( ) . 
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Whereas mandatory provisions within the Member States 
determine the level of safety to be achieved by protective 
equipment and systems Intended for use in potentially 
explosive atmospheres; whereas these are generally 
electrical and non-electrical specifications having an 
effect on the design and structure of equipment that can be 
used in potentially explosive atmospheres; 
Whereas the requirements to be met by such equipment differ 
from one Member State to another In respect of their extent 
and differing inspection procedures; whereas these 
differences are therefore likely to raise barriers to trade 
within the Community; 
Whereas the regulations Intended to remove technical 
barriers to trade are required to follow the new approach 
provided for In the Council Resolution of 7 May 1985,4 
which requires a definition of the essential requirements 
regarding safety and other requIrements • of society without 
reducing existing, justified levels of protection within the 
Member States; whereas that resolution provides that a very 
large number of products be covered by a single directive -In'** 
order to avoid frequent amendments and the proliferation of 
d i rectIves; 
Whereas the existing directives on the approximation of the 
laws of the Member States relating to electrical equipment 
for use In potentially explosive atmospheres have made > 
positive steps towards protection against 
0J EC No C 136, 4.6.1985, p. 1. 
14 -
explosions via measures linked with the structure of the 
equipment at Issue and which have helped to remove barriers 
to trade In this area. Whereas, In parallel, a revision and 
expansion of the existing directives Is necessary since, 
more particularly In an overall context, action must be 
taken to guard against the potential hazards arising from 
such equipment. This Implies in particular that measures 
Intended to guarantee effective protection of users and 
third parties must already be contemplated at the design and 
manufacturing stages; 
Whereas the form taken by the hazard, the protective 
measures and the test methods are often very similar, if not 
Identical, for both mining and surface equipment; whereas it 
Is therefore an absolute necessity to cover protective 
equipment and systems falling within both groups by a single 
directive; 
Whereas the two groups of equipment referred to above are 
used in a large number of commercial and industrial sectors 
and possess considerable economic significance; 
Whereas compliance with the -basic safety and health 
requirements is essential in order to ensure the safety of 
protective equipment and systems; whereas those requirements 
have been subdivided into general and additional 
requirements which must be met by protective equipment and 
systems; whereas in particular the additional requirements 
are intended to take account of existing or potential 
hazards; whereas protective equipment and systems will 
therefore embody at least one of those requirements where 
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this is necessary for their proper functioning or Is to 
apply to their intended use; whereas the notion of intended 
use is of prime Importance for the explosion-proofing of 
protective equipment and systems; whereas It is essential 
that manufacturers supply full Information; whereas 
specific, clear marking of said equipment, stating Its use 
In a potentially explosive atmosphere, Is also necessary; 
Whereas the present Intention is to prepare a directive on 
operations in potentially explosive atmospheres that is 
based on Article 118A; whereas that additional directive 
will, In particular, aim at explosion hazards that derive 
from a given use and/or types and methods of Installation; 
Whereas judgment will have to be exercised in the 
Implementation of those requirements in order to take 
account of the technology available at the time of 
manufacture ; 
Whereas this directive therefore only sets out essential 
requirements; whereas in order to ease the task of proving 
compliance with the essential requirements standards 
harmonized at European level are necessary, more especially 
with regard to the non-electrical aspects of protection 
against explosions - standards relating to the design, 
manufacture and testing of equipment, compliance with which 
enables a product to be presumed to meet said essential 
requirements; whereas standards harmonized at European level 
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are drawn up by private bodies and must retain their 
non-mandatory status; whereas, for this purpose, the 
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and the 
European Committee for EIectrotechnica I Standardization are 
recognized as being the bodies that are competent to adopt 
harmonized standards that follow the general guldelInes for-
cooperation between the Commission and those two bodies 
signed on 13 November 1984; whereas, for the purposes of 
this directive, a harmonized standard Is a technical 
specification (European Standard or harmonization document) 
adopted by one or other of those bodies, or by both, at the 
prompting of the Commission in pursuance of Council 
Directive 83/189/EEC of 28 March 1983 providing for a 
procedure governing the provision of Information on 
technical standards and regulations,5 as last amended by 
Directive 88/182/EEC6 and In pursuance of the general 
guidelines referred to above; 
Whereas, in view of the nature of the risks Involved in the 
use of equipment in potentially explosive atmospheres it Is 
necessary to establish procedures applying to the assessment 
of compliance with the basic requirements of the directives; 
whereas these procedures must be devised In the light of the 
level of danger which may be Inherent In equipment and/or 
against which systems must protect the Immediate 
environment; whereas therefore each category of equipment 
conformity must be supplemented by an adequate procedure or 
a choice between several equivalent procedures; whereas the 
procedures adopted are fully as required by the Council 
decision of 13 December 19907 concerning the modules for 
the various phases of the conform Ity assessment procedures 
which are Intended to be used in the technical harmonization 
d I rect I ves ; 
5 0J No L 109, 26.4.1983, p. 8. 
6 0J No L 81, 26.3.1988, p. 75. 
7 0J No L 7, 380, 31.12.1990, p. 13. 
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Whereas the Council has provided for the affixing of the EC 
mark either by the manufacturer or by his authorized 
representative within the Commun Ity or, fallIng that, by the 
person responsible for placing that product on the community 
market; whereas that mark means that ttie product' complies 
with all the basic requirements and assessment procedures 
provided for by the Community law applying to that product; 
Whereas it is appropriate that the Member States, as 
provided for by Article 100a of the Treaty, may take 
temporary measures to limit or prohibit the placing on the 
market and the use of equipment and protective systems in 
cases where they present a particular risk to the safety of 
persons and, where appropriate, domestic animals or 
property, provided that the measures are subject to a 
Community control procedure; 
Whereas the recipients of any decision taken as part of this 
directive must be aware of the reasons behind that decision 
and the means of appeal open to them; 
Whereas, on 18 December 1975, the Council adopted a 
framework directive on electrical equipment for use in 
potentially explosive atmospheres (76/117/EEC)8 as last 
amended by Directive 90/47/EEC9 and, on 15 February 1982 a 
8 0J No L 24, 31.1.1976, p. 45. 
9 0J No L 270, 2.10.1990, p. 23. 
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directive concerning electrical equipment for use in 
potentially explosive atmospheres in mines susceptible to 
fire damp (82/130/EEC)1° as last amended by Directive 
91/269/EEC;11 whereas, from the outset of the harmonization 
activities, the conversion of the optional and partial 
harmonization on which these directives are based Into total 
harmonization had been contemplated; whereas this directive 
fully covers the scope of the above mentioned directives and 
whereas therefore these directives must be repealed; 
Whereas the measures Intended gradually to introduce the 
internal market must be adopted before 31 December 1992; 
whereas the internal market incorporates an area without 
internal frontiers within which the free movement of goods, 
persons, services and capital Is assured; 
Whereas it is necessary to provide for a transitional 
arrangement enabling equipment manufactured In compliance 
with the national regulations in force at the date of 
adoption of this directive to be marketed and placed In 
service is necessary, 
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: 
10 OJ No L 59, 2.3.1982, p. 10. 
11 OJ No L 134, 29.5.1991. 
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Chapter I 
Scope, placing on the market and freedom of movement 
Art Icle 1 
This Directive applies to equipment and protective 
systems Intended for use in potentially explosive 
atmospheres. 
Safety dev I ces , • controI I Ing devices- and regulating 
devices for use outside potentially explosive 
atmospheres but required or contributing to the safe 
functioning of equipment and protective systems 
located Inside potentially explosive atmospheres are 
covered by the scope of this Directive. 
For the purposes of this Directive the following 
definitions shall apply: 
Equipment and protective systems intended for use in 
potentially explosive atmospheres 
a) "Equipment" means machines, apparatus and all other 
fixed or mobile devices, Including the cable and 
conduit entries, control components and 
Instrumentation thereof, which separately or 
Jointly, permanently or occasionally are used for 
the generation, transfer, distribution, storage, 
measurement, control and conversion of energy and 
for the processing of material and capable of 
causing an explosion. 
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b) The term "protective systems" applies to design 
units which are Intended to halt Incipient 
explosions immediately and/or to limit the effected* 
range of explosion flames and explosion pressures to 
a sufficient level of safety. Protective systems can 
be integrated into equipment or separately marketed • 
for trade use as autonomous systems. 
c) "Components" means any item being essential to the 
safe functioning of equipment and protective systems 
but not having an autonomous function. 
Explosive atmospheres 
Mixture of a Ir and flammable gases, vapours, hazes or dusts 
in such proportions under atmospheric conditions, that, 
after ignition has occurred, a reaction involving a 
temperature and pressure increase can propagate 
independently and can cause a hazard. 
Potentially explosive atmosphere 
An atmosphere which could become explosive due to local and <• 
operational conditions. 
Equipment-groups and Conformity categories 
Equipment-group I applies to equipment for use in 
underground parts of mines as well as those parts of surface 
installations of such mines likely to become endangered by 
firedamp and/or combustible dust. 
Equipment-group II applies to equipment for use in other 
places likely to become endangered by explosive atmospheres. 
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Conformity categories are defined in Annex I with regard to 
the level of protection required for equipment. 
Equipment and protective systems may be designed for --as* 
particular explosive atmosphere. In this case they are 
marked accordingly. 
Intended use 
The use of equipment and protective systems according to the 
equipment-group and the conformity category as well as all 
the information necessary to the safety of the equipment 
supplied by the manufacturer. 
4. The following are excluded from the scope of this 
Directive: 
med i caI dev i ces 
envIronment , I ntended for use In med i caI 
equipment and protective systems in so far as the 
explosion hazard is exclusively resulting from the 
presence of explosive or chemical instable substances, 
seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units together 
with equipment and protective systems on board such 
vesseIs or un Its . 
means of transport, I.e. vehicles and their trailers 
Intended solely for transporting passengers by air or 
on road, rail or water networks, as well as means of 
transport Insofar as such means are designed for 
transporting goods by air, on public road or rail 
networks or on water. Vehicles used In the mineral 
extraction industry shall not be excluded. 
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Art Icle 2 
Member States shall take all necessary measures to 
ensure that the equipment and protective systems 
covered by this Directive may be placed on the market 
and put Into service only If they do not Jeopardize the 
health and safety of persons and, where appropriate, 
domestic animals or property, when properly Installed 
and maintained and used for its intended purpose. 
This Directive shall not affect the authority of the 
Member States to lay down, with due regard for the 
provisions of the Treaty, requirements which they 
consider necessary for the protection of persons and in 
particular of employees using the révélant equipment 
and protective systems, provided this does not result 
in changes to equipment and protective systems with 
respect to the provisions of this Directive. 
At trade fairs, exhibitions, demonstrations, etc Member 
States shall not prevent the showing of equipment and 
protective systems which does not conform to the 
provisions of this Directive, provided that a visible-•<*-
sign clearly indicates that such equipment and 
protective systems do not conform and that It is not 
for sale until It has been brought into conformity by 
the manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established in the Community. During demonstrations, 
adequate safety measures shall be taken to ensure the 
protection of persons. 
Art le le 3 
Equipment and protective systems referred to In Article 
1 must meet the essential health and safety 
requirements set out In Annex II which shall apply to 
them, account being taken of their Intended use. 
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Article 4 
Member States shall not prohibit, restrict or Impede 
the placing on the market and the putting Into service 
In their territory of equipment and protective systems 
which comply with the provisions of this Directive. 
Member States shall not prohibit, restrict or Impede 
the placing on the market of components which, 
accompanied by a declaration as referred to in Article 
8 (4), are Intended to be incorporated into equipment 
or protective systems within the meaning of this 
D I rect i ve. 
Art Icle 5 
Member States shall presume compliance with the 
essential health and safety requirements referred to in 
Article 3 for equipment and protective systems for 
use In potentially explosive atmospheres If those items 
compI y with 
(a) the relevant national standards applicable to: 
them implementing the harmonized standards whose 
reference numbers have been published In the 
Official Journal of the European Community. 
Member States shall publish the references of 
national standards transposing harmonized 
standards . 
(b) or the relevant national standards referred to In 
paragraph 2 where there are no harmonized 
standards dealing with the areas covered by those 
standards. 
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Member States shall communicate to the Commission the 
texts of their national standards referred to In 
paragraph 1(b) which, in their view, meet the essential 
requirements under Article 3. 
In accordance with the procedure set out In Article 
6(2), the Commission shall Indicate to the Member 
States which of the said standards can be presumed to 
conform with the essential safety requirements within 
the meaning of Article 3. 
Art Icle 6 
Where a Member State or the Commission considers that 
the harmonized standards referred to in Article 5(1) do 
not entirely satisfy the essential health and safety 
requirements under Article 3, the Commission or the 
Member State shall submit the matter to the Standing 
Committee, hereinafter called "the Committee", set up 
under Directive 83/189/EEC, giving the reasons 
therefore. The Committee shall deliver an opinion 
w i thout de I ay . 
In the light of the Committee's opinion, the Commission 
shall Inform the Member states whether or not It is 
necessary to withdraw the standards In question from 
the list of publications referred to in Article 5(1). 
After receipt of the communication referred to In 
Article 5(2), the Commission shall consult the 
Committee. On the basis of the Committee's opinion, the 
Commission shall inform the Member States within a 
specified period whether or not conformity can be 
- 25 
presumed in the case of the national standards in 
question and whether - should this be the case - a list 
of the sources from which such standards are available 
should be published at national level. The Commission 
shall also publish them in the Official Journal of the 
European Communities. 
Art Icle 7 
1. Where a Member State ascertains that equipment and 
protective systems to which the CE-conformIty mark 
has been affixed correctly installed, maintained and 
used In accordance with their intended purpose 
Jeopardize the safety of persons, and where 
appropriate, domestic animals or property, It shall 
take all appropriate measures to withdraw such 
equipment and protective systems from the market or to 
prohibit or restrict its placing on the market or the 
putting Into service. 
The Member State shall Immediately Inform the 
Commission of any such measure, indicating the reasons 
for its decision and, in particular, whether non­
conformity Is due to: 
(a) non-compliance with the essential requirements 
referred to In Article 3, where the equipment or 
the protective system does not comply with the 
standards referred to In Article 5(1); 
(b) Incorrect application of the standards referred 
to in Art le le 5(1 ) ; 
(c) shortcomings in the standards referred to in 
Article 5(1) themselves. 
- 26 .. 
These measures are applicable until the entry Into 
force of the act provided for In paragraph 2. 
2. The measures adopted under paragraph 1 shall be 
confirmed and extended, possibly amended, to the whole 
Community or repealed by an act of the Commission. 
However, where the measures were adopted under 
paragraph 1 on the ground of a shortcoming In the 
standards provided for In Article 5, the procedure laid 
down in Article 6(2) is applicable. 
3. If a non-conforming Item of equipment or protective 
system bears the CE-conformIty mark, the competent 
Member State shall take appropriate measures against 
whomsoever has affixed the mark and shall Inform the 
Commission and the other Member States thereof. 
4. The Commission shall ensure that the Member States are 
Informed of the application and results of this 
procedure. 
Chapter I I 
Conformity assessment procedures 
Art icle 8 
1. The conformity assessment procedures of equipment 
considering, where necessary, those devices thereof 
referred to In Article 1(2) 
_ 27 _ 
as well as integrated protective systems, shall be: 
(a) Equipment group I and II, conformity category (M) 
1 and 1 
The manufacturer or his authorised representative-
established In the Community must, In order to affix 
the CE mark, at his own choice: 
I) follow the procedure relating to EC type 
examination (set out in Annex III), coupled 
withthe procedure relating to production 
quality assurance (set out in Annex IV) 
or 
the procedure relating to product verification 
(set out In Annex V) 
II) follow the procedure relating to full quality 
assurance Including design examination (set 
out In Annex IX). 
(b) Equipment group I and II, conformity category 
(M)2 and 2 
The manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established in the Community must, in order to affix 
the CE-mark, follow the procedure relating to EC 
type examination (set out in Annex III), coupled 
wi th: 
-the procedure relating to conformity to type (set 
out In Annex VI) 
or 
the procedure relating to product quality assurance 
(set out In Annex VII) 
- 28 -
(c) Equipment group 11, conformity category 3 
The manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established in the Community must, in order to 
affix the CE-mark, follow the procedure relating 
to Internal control of production (set out In 
Annex VIM). 
(d) EC uni t ver IfI cat ion 
The manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established in the Community can, In order to 
affix the CE-mark, follow the procedure relating 
to EC unit verification (set out In Annex X). 
2. The provisions of 1(b) or 1(d) above shall be used for 
conformity assessment relating to autonomous protective 
systems. 
3. The procedures referred to in paragraph 1 shall be 
applied In respect of components as referred to in 
Article 4(2) with the exception of the affixing of the 
CE-conformIty mark. 
A declaration shall be issued by the manufacturer or 
his authorized representative established In the 
Community attesting the conformity of the components 
with the provisions of this Directive which apply to 
them and stating their characteristics and how they 
must be Incorporated into equipment or protective 
system to assist compliance with the essential 
requirements applicable to finished appliances. 
4. Documents and correspondence relating to the procedures 
under the abovementioned paragraphs shall be prepared 
in one of the official languages of the Member States 
in which those procedures are being applied or In a 
language accepted by the notified body. 
- 29 -
Where the equipment and protective systems are subject 
to other Community Directives concerning other aspects, 
the CE-conformlty mark referred to in Article 10 shall 
indicate In these cases that the equipment and 
protective systems also fulfil the provisions which 
apply to them of the other Directives. 
ArtIcle 9 
1. Member States shall notify the other Member States and 
the Commission of the bodies which they have approved 
for performance of the tasks in connection with the 
procedures under Article 8 and the specific tasks for 
which the bodies have been approved. In this Directive 
these bodies are referred to as "notified bodies". 
The Commission shall publish a list of the notified 
bodies In the Official Journal of the European 
Communities comprising the Identification number which 
has been allocated to them as well as the tasks for 
which they have been approved.The Commission shall.be 
responsible for updating that list. 
2. Member States shall apply the minimum criteria set out 
in Annex XII for the designation of bodies. Bodies that 
satisfy the criteria fixed by the relevant harmonized 
standards shall be presumed to satisfy the relevant 
m i n imum cr I ter i a. 
3. A Member State which has approved a body shall withdraw 
such approval where the body no longer fulfills the 
criteria under paragraph 2. It shall Immediately Inform 
the other Member States and the Commission thereof. 
- 30 -
The notified body and the manufacturer or his 
authorised representative established within the 
Community shall agree on the procedures and the time 
limit for the execution and completion of the 
evaluation and verification operations referred to in 
the Annexes. 
Chapter 1 I I 
Conformity marks 
Art icle 10 
1. The CE-conformity mark as well as the additional 
specific marking as shown In Annex XI shall be affixed 
to the equipment and the protective system and as far 
as feasible and appropriate on the sales packaging as 
well as on the Instruction leaflet in a visible, 
legible and Indelible form. 
The CE-conformIty mark must be accompanied by the 
Identification number of the notified body responsible 
for Implementation of the procedures set out In Annexes 
IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X as well as the two last digits of 
the year In which the mark was affixed. 
2. It is prohibited to affix any other mark or 
inscriptions which may be confused with the CE-
conformlty mark or the additional specific marking set 
out In Annex XI. 
- 31 -
Art Icle 11 
If any Member or notified body finds that the CE-conformIty 
mark has been improperly affixed, the equipment or 
protective system concerned shall be prohibited or shall no 
longer be marketed. 
Chapter IV 
F InaI provI s Ions 
ArtIcle 12 
Any decision taken pursuant to this Directive which 
restricts or prohibits the placing on the market and/or the 
putting into service or Imposes the retreat from the market 
of an equipment or a protective system shall state the exact 
grounds on which It is based. Such a decision shall be 
notified forthwith to the party concerned, who shall at the 
same time be Informed of the legal rented I es ava I I ab le to him 
under the laws In force In the Member State concerned and of 
the time limits to which such remedies are subject. 
Art icle 13 
Member States shall ensure that all the parties involved In 
the application of the Directive are bound to observe 
confidentiality in respect of all the information obtained 
in carrying out their tasks. This does not affect the 
obligations of the Member States and of the notified bodies 
regarding mutual information and the dissemination of 
warn i ngs. 
- 32 -
Art Icle 14 
1. Directive 76/117/EEC*1> and Directive 79/196/EEC<2>, 
as last amended by Directive 90/487/EEC(3) as well as 
Directive 82/130/EEC<4> as last amended by Directive 
91/269/EEC<5) shall be repealed as from (1 July 1996). 
2. However, EEC-certificates of conformity to the 
harmonized standards obtained in accordance with the 
procedures as laid down in the DI rect I ves referred to 
In the preceding paragraph shall be valid until 31 
December 2002. Their validity shall be limited to only 
those harmonized standards indicated in the said 
D I rectIves. 
3. Member States shall take the necessary action to ensure 
that the notified bodies which are responsible pursuant 
to Article 8(1) to (4) for the assessment of the 
conformity of electrical equipment already placed on 
the market prior to the coming Into force of this 
Directive shall take account of the results of tests 
and verifications already carried out under the 
Directives referred to In paragraph 1. 
ArtIcle 15 
1. Before [31 December 1992], Member States shall adopt 
and publish the laws, regulations and administrative 
provisions necessary in order to comply with this 
Directive. They shall forthwith inform the Commission 
thereof . 
(1) OJ No L 24, 31.1.1976 
(2) OJ No L 43, 20.2.1979 
(3) OJ No L 270, 2.10.1990 
(4) OJ No L 59, 2.3.1982 
(5) OJ NO L 134, 29.5.1991 
- 33 -
When Member States adopt these measures, they shall 
contain a reference to this Directive or shall be 
accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their 
official publication. The methods of making such a 
reference shall be laid down by the Member States. 
They shall apply these provisions with effect from [1 
July 1993.] 
2. However» Member States shall allow for the period until 
[31 December 2002], the placing on the market and the 
putting Into service of equipment and protective 
systems In conformity with the national regulations In 
force In their territory at the date of adoption of 
this dlrectlve. 
Art Icle 16 
This Directive Is addressed to the Member States. 
Done at Brussels, For the CounciI 
The President 
- 34 -
ANNEX I 
CRITERIA DETERMINING THE CLASSIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT-GROUPS 
INTO CONFORMITY CATEGORIES 
1 • Equipment-group I 
a) Conformity category (M) 1 comprises equipment designed 
and, where necessary, additionally equipped with 
special protective features to be capable of keeping 
within its operational parameters stated by the 
manufacturer and provide a high level of protection 
for Its Intended use in underground parts of mines as 
well as those parts of surface Installations of such 
mines endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust. 
Equipment of this category Is required to remain 
functional for safety reasons with an explosive 
atmosphere present and, by virtue of this, it Is 
characterized by Integrated explosion protection 
measures functioning Independently of each other in 
such a way that 
In the event of failure of one integrated measure at 
least a second means of protection provides for a 
sufficient level of safety or 
In the event of two faults occurring Independently 
of each other a sufficient level of safety is 
assured. 
Equipment relating to this conformity category comply 
with the supplementary requirements referred to In 
Annex II 2.0.1. 
-So­
fa) Conformity category (M) 2 comprises equipment designed 
to be capable of keeping within its operational 
parameters stated by the manufacturer and based on an 
Increased level of protection for Its Intended use In 
underground parts of mines as well as those parts of 
surface installations of such mines likely to become 
endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust. 
The protection measures relating to equipment of this 
category provide for a sufficient level of safety 
during trouble-free operation also In the case of more 
severe operating conditions In particular arising from 
rough handling and changing environmental conditions. 
Equipment relating to this conformity category comply 
with the supplementary requirements referred to in 
Annex II 2.0.2. 
2. Equipment-group I I 
a) Conformity category 1 comprises equipment designed to 
be capable of keeping within its operational parameters 
stated by the manufacturer and based on a high level of 
protection for Its Intended use considering areas In 
which explosive atmospheres caused by gases, vapours or 
hazes, suspended dust are highly likely to occur. 
Equipment of this category Is characterized by 
integrated explosion protection measures functioning 
Independently of each other In such a way that 
In the event of failure of one integrated measure at 
least a second means of protection provides for a 
sufficient level of safety or 
- 36 -
In the event of two faults occuring independently of 
each other a sufficient level of safety Is assured. 
Equipment relating to this conformity category comply 
with the supplementary requirements referred to In 
Annex 112.1. 
b) Conformity category 2 comprises equipment designed 
to be capable of keeping within its operational 
parameters stated by the manufacturer and based on an 
increased level of protection for its Intended use 
considering areas in which explosive atmosphere caused 
by gases, vapours or hazes are likely to occur. 
The protection measures relating to equipment of this 
category function in such a way to provide for a 
sufficient level of safety also in the event of 
operating malfunctions or dangerous operating 
conditions which normally have to be taken Into 
account. 
Equipment relating to this confomity category comply 
with the supplementary requirements referred to in 
Annex II 2.2. 
c) conformity category 3 comprises equipment designed to 
be capable of keeping within Its operating parameters 
stated by the manufacturer and based on a normal level 
of protection for Its intended use considering areas In 
which explosive atmospheres caused by gases, vapours or 
hazes as well as by raising of deposited dust are not 
I Ike ly to occur. 
- 37 -
The design of the equipment of this category provides a 
sufficient level of safety during trouble-free 
operatIon. 
Equipment relating to this conformity category comply 
with the supplementary requirements referred to In 
Annex II 2.3. 
- 38 -
ANNEX I I 
Essential health and safety requirements relating to the 
design and construction of equipment and protective systems 
intended for use In potentially explosive atmospheres. 
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS 
A. State of the art refers to the technical knowledge 
commonly available up to that point In time being 
considered, having been proved In practice. 
The technical knowledge which can change very rapidly, 
must be taken Into account as far as possible and be 
utilized Immediately. 
B. For devices referred to In article 1 (2) the essential 
requirements shall only apply Insofar as they are 
necessary for the safe functioning and operation of 
these devices. 
1. Common requirements for equipment and protective 
systems 
1.0. General requirements 
1.0.1 Principles of explosion safety integration 
Equipment and protective systems Intended for use In 
potentially explosive atmospheres must be designed 
from the point of explosion safety integration. 
In this connection, the manufacturer must take 
measures: 
- 39 -
above all, If it Is possible, to prevent the 
formation of explosive atmospheres which may be 
produced or released by equipment and by 
protective systems themselves; 
to prevent the Ignition of explosive atmospheres 
considering electrical and non-electrical sources 
In any case; 
where an explosion is however likely to occur, 
which may directly or Indirectly endanger persons 
and/or the surrounding area, to halt It 
Immediately and/or to limit the effected range of 
explosion flames and explosion pressures to a 
sufficient level of safety. 
1.0.2 Equipment and protective systems should be designed 
and manufactured after due analysis of possible 
errors in order to preclude dangerous Incidents 
relating to equipment and systems as far as 
possIb ie. 
The. foreseeable misuse which can reasonably be 
anticipated must be considered. 
1.0.3 Special testing and maintenance conditions 
Equipment and protective systems subject to special 
testing and maintenance conditions must be designed 
and constructed with such conditions in mind. 
1.0.4 Surrounding area conditions 
Equipment and protective systems must be so designed 
and constructed as to be capable of coping with 
foreseeable surrounding area conditions. 
- 40 -
1.0.5 Additional specific markings 
All equipment and protective systems and their main 
components and Instrumentation must be fully and 
clearly marked for the purpose of Identification 
referred to in Annex XI, In cases where this seems1 
to be necessary for the valuation of safety aspects. 
1.0.6 Operating Instructions 
Operating instructions for the equipment and 
protective systems which contain all the Information 
necessary to the safety must be drawn up In one of 
the languages of the country In which the equipment 
and protective systems are to be used and supplied 
with the equipment and the protective systems so 
that it is possible to decide beyond any doubt 
whether an item of equipment In a specified 
conformity category or a protective system can be 
used safely In the Intended area under the operating 
conditions to be expected. Such Information should 
Include, for example, data relating to: 
the equipment-group and the conformity category 
putting into service, maintenance, Inspection, 
serviceability checks, repairs, permissible 
normal work and adjustment 
electrical parameters, pressure or other relevant 
limit va lues ; 
the highest surface temperatures; 
where necessary, special conditions of use, 
including indications to possible misuse which 
experience has shown might occur. 
- 41 -
1.1. Characteristics of materials 
1.1.1 The materials used for the construction of the 
equipment and protective systems must comply with 
the requirements to prevent the occurrence of an 
explosion due regard being paid to the operational** 
foreseeable stresses. 
As far as It Is foreseeable by the manufacturer, It 
must not be possible for any reactions to take place 
between the construction materials used and the 
flammable materials which could Impair explosion 
protect Ion. 
1.1.2 When selecting suitable combinations of materials, 
due account must be taken, for example, of the 
materials' corrosion behavior, wear resistance, 
electrostatic conductivity, impact strength, ageing 
resistance and the effects of variations In the 
temperature. 
1.2. Design and construction 
1.2.1 State of the art In respect of technical explosion 
protect ion. 
Equipment and protective systems must be designed 
and manufactured with due regard to the state of the 
art In respect of technical explosion protection so 
that they can be safely operated throughout their 
foreseeable lifetime. 
1.2.2 Components to be Inserted into or used as 
replacements in equipment and protective systems 
must be so designed and manufactured that they 
- 42 -
function safely for their Intended purpose with 
regard to explosion protection when they are 
installed In accordance with the manufacturer's 
Instruct Ions. 
1.2.3 Enclosed equipment systems 
In the design and construction of equipment which 
may release flammable materials provision is to be 
made where appropriate for structures which are as 
enclosed as possible in order to prevent or limit 
the formation of explosive atmospheres. 
1.2.4 Prevention of leaks 
The escape of flammable materials from apertures and 
leaks in enclosed equipment must be prevented where 
appropriate so as to ensure that escaping mixtures 
cannot give rise to potentially explosive 
atmospheres or dust depositions as the result of air 
access outside the equipment. 
The equipment must also be sealed In a manner as 
leaktlght as possible In accordance with the state 
of the art at points where the flammable materials 
are Introduced or drawn off. 
1.2.5 Prevention of dust deposition 
Equipment and protect Ive systems which are intended 
to be used In areas exposed to dust must be so 
designed that as little dust as possible can 
precipitate on to their surfaces to prevent 
IgnItIons. 
They must be easily cleanable. 
- 43 -
1.2.6 Appropriate protective appliances 
Equipment and protective systems which are assumed, 
for example, to be exposed to major mechanical 
hazards or vibrations In normal use must be 
equipped, . where necessary* with appropriate** 
protective appliances. The equipment must withstand 
relevant stresses, without adversely affecting 
explosion protection. 
1.2.7 Safe openIng 
If equipment and protective systems are in a housing 
or a locked container, it must be possible to open 
such housing or container only with 'tools or by 
means of appropriate protection measures. 
1.2.8 Protection against other hazards 
Equipment and protective systems must be designed 
and manufactured so as to prevent danger of physical 
or other forms of Injury which might occur, 
particularly the hazards arising from electrocution. 
Where, for equipment and protective systems, these 
risks referred to In this paragraph are wholly or 
partly covered by other Community Directives, this 
Directive shall not apply or shall cease to apply, 
In the case of such equipment and protective systems 
and of such risks on the entry into force of these 
specific Directives. 
- 44 -
1.3. Potential ignition sources 
1.3.1 Hazards arising from different Ignition sources 
Potential Ignition sources such as sparks, flames, 
electric arcs, high surface temperatures, noise--
generated energy, radiation In the optical field, 
electromagnetic waves and other relevant ignition 
sources should not occur. 
1.3.2 Electrostatic hazards 
Electrostatic charges capable of resulting In 
dangerous discharges must be prevented by means of 
appropriate measures. 
1.3.3 Hazards arising from electric stray- and leakage 
currents 
Electric stray- and leakage currents In conductive *' 
equipment parts which could result for example in 
the occurrence of igniting sparks or dangerous 
corrosion must be prevented. 
1.3.4 Hazards arising from overheating 
Overheating caused by friction and Impacts-
occurring, for example, between materials and parts 
in contact with each other while rotating, by 
intrusion of foreign bodies and simlliar phenomena 
must be prevented already at the design stage as far 
as possible. 
1.3.5 Hazards arising from compression operations 
Compression operations must process In such a way at 
- 45 -
the design stage respectively with Integrated 
measurement and control devices that they do not 
give rise to any shock waves and compressions 
capable of causing ignition. 
1.4. Hazards arising from external effects 
1.4.1 Equipment and protective systems must be so designed 
and constructed as also to be capable of performing 
their intended function In changing environmental 
conditions, under the influence of extraneous 
voltages, in the presence of excessive humidity, 
vibrations, contamination and other external effects 
within the operational conditions stated by 
manufacturers. 
1.4.2 Components and instrumentation used must be 
appropriate to the Intended mechanical and thermal 
stresses and capable of withstanding existing or to 
be expected influences of aggressive media. 
1.5. Safety-related requirements In respect of equipment 
1.5.1 Requirements in respect of safety devices 
Overloading of equipment must be prevented, for 
example, by means of overcurrent cut-off switches, 
temperature llmlters, differential pressure 
switches, flowmeters, time-lag relays, speed 
monitors and/or similar types of monitoring devices 
already at the design stage respectively with 
integrated measurement and control devices. 
1.5.2 Safety devices must function independently of any 
measurement and control devices required for 
operat ion. 
- 46 -
A safety device failure shall be detected by means 
of approprI ate measures that within a short time 
period a dangerous condition Is not highly likely to 
occur. 
For electrical circuits the fall-safe principle Is 
to be applied when the risks assessment makes this 
necessary. 
If appropriate, the safety-related switching must 
directly Influence the relevant control actuating 
device without software command. 
1.5.3 In the event of a safety device failure, equipment 
and/or protective systems shall be put Into safe 
condItIon. 
1.5.4 Safety devices should be fitted where appropriate 
with restart lockouts. A new start command may take 
effect In the case of normal operation only after 
the safety cut-off switch has intentionally been 
reset. 
1.5.5 Application of ergonomie principles 
Where control and display units are used, they must 
be designed in accordance with ergonomie principles 
In order to achieve the highest possible level of 
operatIng safety. 
1.5.6 Requirements in respect of equipment with a 
measuring function for explosion protection. 
Equipment with a measuring function must be designed 
and constructed in particular from the point of 
view of their measuring principles, display time 
- 47 -
lag, transverse sensitivity and acceptable accuracy 
limits so that they can cope with the foreseeable 
situations and special conditions of use. 
1.5.7 It must be possible to check with su I tab Ie devI ces, 
where necessary, the reading accuracy and 
serviceability of equipment with a measuring 
function. 
1.5.8 The design of equipment with a measuring function 
must Incorporate a safety factor which ensures that 
the alarm threshold lies far enough outside the 
explosivity limits of the atmospheres to be 
registered. 
1.5.9 Risks arising from software 
In the design of software-controlled equipment, 
special account must be taken from an analytical 
point of view of the risks arising from faults in 
the programme. For electrical circuits the 
requirement 1.5.2 as relevant must be applied. The 
same safety requirements apply to sensor-monitored 
equipment. 
1 . Integration of safety requirements relating to the 
system 
1.6.1 Manual override of automatic processes must at all 
times be possible to avert hazards. 
In the event of deviation from the Intended 
operation, It must be possible to shut the equipment 
down safely. 
- 48 -
1.6.2 When the emergency shutdown system Is actuated, 
accumulated energy must be reduced as quickly and 
safely as possible so that It will lose Its 
potentially dangerous effects. 
This does not apply for e I ectrochemIcaI I y stored 
energy. 
1.6.3 Hazards arising from power failure 
Where equipment can give rise to additional hazards 
In the event of a power failure, It must be 
possible to restore It to a safe operating state 
Independently of the rest of the Installation. 
1.6.4 Hazards arising from connections 
Equipment and product I ve systems must be fitted with "<• 
suitable cable and conduit entries.. 
When equipment and protective systems are Intended 
for use In combination with other equipment and 
protect Ive systems, the Interface shall be made in a 
safe manner. 
1.6.5 Placing of warning devices as parts of equipment 
Where warning devices are provided for monitoring 
explosive atmospheres In the vicinity of equipment, 
the detectors must be capable of being positioned In 
such a way that a dangerous operatIng condition can 
be readily identified. 
- 49 -
1.6.6 Areas endangered by pressure relief In the event of 
an explosion 
Areas endangered in front of explosion pressure-
relief devices should be Indicated by the 
manufacturer as far as possible. 
- 50 -
2. Supplementary requirements in respect of equipment 
which are capable of causing an explosion 
2.0. Criteria for conformity category M of equipment group I 
2.0.1 Criteria for conformity category (M) 1 of equipment 
group I 
2.0.1.1 Equipment must be so designed and constructed and, 
where necessary, additionally equipped with special 
protective features that sources of Ignition do not 
become effective even in the event of rare Incidents 
relating to equipment or two faults occurIng 
Independently of each other. 
2.0.1.2 Equipment must be so constructed that, as far as It 
is possible, no dust can penetrate to their 
Interlor . 
2.0.1.3 The surface temperatures of equipment parts must be 
kept well below the Ignition temperature of the 
foreseeable dust/air mixtures In order to prevent 
the Ignition of suspended dust and be kept well 
below the glow temperature In the case of deposited 
dust. The thickness of deposited dust and dust 
accumulation on equipment parts should be taken Into 
consideration and offset where appropriate by means 
of temperature limitation In order to prevent a 
heat buiId-up. 
2.0.1.4 Equipment must be so designed that the opening of 
equipment parts must be carried out only under non-
active or Intrinsic safety conditions or via 
relevant interlocking mechanisms. 
- 51 -
2.0.2 Criteria for conformity category (M) 2 of 
equipment group I 
2.0.2.1 Equipment must be so designed and constructed that 
sources of Ignition do not become effective during 
trouble-free operation. 
2.0.2.2 If after the opening of the enclosure, the exposure 
of components could lead to the Ignition of an 
explosive atmosphere, it must only be possible to 
open equipment under non-active conditions or via 
relevant Interlocking mechanisms. 
2.0.2.3 The requirements regarding explosion hazards 
occurring from dust referred to in conformity 
category (M) 1 must be applied. 
2.1 . Criteria for conformity category 1 of equipment 
group I I 
2.1.1. Explosive atmospheres caused by gases, vapours or 
hazes 
2.1.1.1 Equipment must be so designed and constructed that 
sources of Ignition do not occur even in the event 
of rare Incidents relating to equipment or two 
faults ocurring Independently of each other. 
2.1.1.2 Equipment with surfaces that are likely to heat up 
should be avoided where possible. Falling this, it 
must be ensured that the stated maximum surface 
temperatures In even the most unfavourable cases 
remain safely. In this connection, temperature rises 
caused by heat build-ups and chemical reactions must 
also be taken into account. 
- 52 -
2.1.1.3 Equipment must be so designed that the opening of 
equipment parts must be carried out only under non-
active or Intrinsic safety conditions or via 
relevant interlocking mechanisms. 
2.1.2. Explosive atmospheres caused by dust . ^ „. 
2.1.2.1 Equipment must be so designed and constructed that 
Ignition of existing dust/air mixtures do not occur 
even in the event of rare incidents relating to 
equipment and two faults occurIng independently of 
each other. 
2.1.2.2 Equipment must be so constructed that as far as It 
is possible, no dust can penetrate to their 
interlors. 
This requirement must also be met by inlet and 
connecting pieces. 
2.1.2.3 The surface temperatures of equipment parts must be 
kept well below the Ignition temperature of the 
foreseeable dust/air mixtures In order to prevent 
the ignition of suspended dust and be kept well 
below the glow temperature in the case of deposited 
dust. The thickness of deposited dust and dust 
accumulation on equipment parts should be taken into 
consideration and offset where approprI ate by means 
of temperature limitation In order to prevent a heat 
buI Id-up. 
2.1.2.4 The requirement 2.1.1.3 regarding the safe opening 
of equipment for conformity category 1 also applies 
here. 
- 53 -
2.2. Criteria for conformity category 2 of equipment 
group " 
2.2.1. Explosive atmospheres caused by gases, vapours or 
hazes 
2.2.1.1 Equipment must be designed and constructed to 
prevent Ignition, including those caused by 
frequently occurring incidents relating to equipment 
which normally have to be taken into account. 
2.2.1.2 Equipment parts must be so designed and constructed 
that their stated surface temperatures to be kept 
safely even where risks arise from foreseeable 
abnormal situations. 
2.2.1.3 If after the opening of the enclosure, the exposure 
of components could lead to the Ignition of an 
explosive atmosphere, equipment must be constructed 
so that it must only be possible to open equipment 
under non-active conditions or via relevant 
Interlocking mechanisms. 
2.3 Criteria* for conformity category 3 of equipment 
flrouP '' 
2.3.1. Explosive atmospheres, caused by gases, vapours or 
hazes 
2.3.1.1 Equipment must be so designed and constructed to 
prevent Ignitions which can occur during trouble-
free operatIon. 
- 54 -
2.3.1.2 The surface temperatures may not exceed Ignition 
temperatures during Intended operations. 
Temperatures in excess of Ignition temperatures may 
be allowed only If special protective measures are 
taken by the manufacturer. 
2.3.2. Explosive atmospheres caused by dust 
2.3.2.1 Equipment must be so designed and constructed that 
suspended dust cannot be Ignited by Ignition sources 
likely to exist under normal operating conditions. 
The possibility of ignition of deposited dust during 
rarely occurring Incidents relating to equipment and 
faults must also be precluded. 
2.3.2.2 The requirement 2.1.2.3 regarding surface 
temperatures for conformity category 1 also applies 
here. 
2.3.2.3 Equipment Including the Inlet parts and connecting 
pieces thereof, must be so constructed that dust 
cannot penetrate and It is impossible for 
potentially explosive dust/air mixtures to develop 
or dangerous dust deposition to occur Inside It. 
- 55 -
3. Supplementary requirements In respect of protective 
systems 
3.0. General requirements 
3.0.1 Protective systems Intended to halt Incipient 
explosions and/or to limit the effected range of 
explosion flames and explosion pressures must be 
integrated where necessary into equipment and be so 
designed that those effects are limited to a 
sufficient level of safety. 
3.0.2 The protective systems must be so designed and 
capable of being positioned that It is possible to 
prevent explosions from spreading through dangerous 
chain reactions and flashover -and halt the 
transition of Incipient explosions to detonations. 
3.0.3 In the event of a power fa ilure, protective systems-
must retain their capacity to function for an 
adequate*- per lod to avoid a dangerous situation. 
3.0.4 Protective systems shall not fail under the 
Influence of external effects. 
- 56 -
3.1. Planning and design 
3.1.1 Strength of materials 
At the planning stage, the strength required of the 
materials must be determined on the basis of the 
maximum explosion pressure being the explosion 
pressure to be expected, considering also the 
anticipated heating effect of the flame under 
extreme operating conditions. 
3.1.2 Protective systems designed to resist explosions 
must be capable of withstanding the pressure wave In 
question with adequate certainty. 
3.1.3 The accessories connected to the protective systems 
must be capable of withstanding the expected maximum 
explosion pressure without losing their capacity to 
funct ion. 
3.1.4 Flameproof enclosure systems 
. If parts which can Ignite an explosive atmosphere 
are placed In an enclosure, it must be Insured that 
the enclosure can withstand the pressure developed 
during an internal explosion of an explosive mixture 
and prevents the transmission of the explosion to 
the explosive atmosphere surrounding the enclosure. 
3.1.5 Taking account of system reactions 
The reactions caused -by pressures In peripheral 
equipment and connected pipework must be taken into 
consideration In the planning and design of 
protective systems. 
- 57 -
3.1.6 Pressure-relief systems 
If it Is likely that stresses on protective systems 
will exceed their structural strength, provision 
must be made In the design for suitable pressure-
relief devices which do not endanger persons in the 
vicinity. 
3.1.7 Explosion suppression systems 
Explosion suppression systems must be so planned and 
designed that they react to an Incipient explosion 
at the earliest possible stage in the event of an 
incident and counteract it to best effect with due 
regard to the maximum rate of pressure increase and 
the maximum explosion pressure. 
3.1.8 Explosion decoupling systems 
DecoupI Ing systems Intended to disconnect rapidly 
assigned equipment In case of Incipient explosions 
by means of special appliances must be so planned 
.and designed that they remain proof against non-
transmission of an internal ignition and retain 
their 'mechanical strength under operational 
cond11Ions . 
3.1.9 Protective systems must be capable of being 
integrated into a circuit with a suitable alarm 
threshold so that, If necessary, there Is cessation 
of product feed and output.'ând immediate shutdown of 
equipment parts which can no longer function safety. 
- 58 -
ANNEX I I I 
Module: EC type-examlniation 
1. This module describes that part of the procedure by 
which a notified body ascertains and attests that a 
specimen, representative of the production envisaged, 
meets the relevant provisions of the Directive. 
2. The application for the EC type-examination shall be 
lodged by the manufacturer or his authorized 
representative established within the Community with a 
notified body of his choice. 
The application shall include: 
the name and address of the manufacturer and, If the -
application Is lodged by the author I zed représentât I ve, 
his name and address in addition; 
a written declaration that the same application has not * 
been lodged with any other notified body; .^-» 
the technical documentation, as described In point 3. 
The applicant shall place at the disposal of the. notified 
body a specimen, respresentatIve of the production envisaged 
and hereinafter called "type". The notified body may request 
further specimens if needed for carrying out the test -
programme. 
3. The technical documentation shall enable the conformity 
of the product with the requirements of the Directive 
to be assessed. It shall, as far as relevant for such 
assessment, cover the design, manufacture and operation 
of the product and shall contain as far as Is relevant 
for assessment : 
- 59 -
a general type-description; 
conceptual design and manufacturing drawings and 
schemes of components, sub-assemblies, circuits, 
etc. ; 
descriptions and explanations necessary for the 
understanding of said drawings and schemes and the 
operation of the product; 
a list of the standards referred to in Article 5, 
applied in full or In part, and descriptions of the 
solutions adopted to meet the essential requirements 
of the Directive where the standards referred to in 
Article 5 have not been applied; 
results of design calculations made, examinations 
carried out, etc.; 
test reports. 
4. The notified body sha 
4.1 examine the; techn l cal -documentât Ion , verify that, the 
type has been manufactured in conformity with the 
technical document at I on * and Identify the elements which 
have been designed In accordance with the relevant 
provisions of the standards referred to In Article^,1 
as well as the components which have been designed 
without applying the relevant provisions of those 
standards; 
4.2 perform or have performed the appropriate examinations 
and necessary tests to check whether, where the 
standards referred to in Article 5 have not been 
applied, the solutions adopted by the manufacturer 
meet the essential requirements of the Directive-, 
4.3 perform or have performed the appropriate examinations 
and necessary tests to check whether, where the 
manufacturer has chosen to apply the relevant 
standards, these have actually been applied; 
- 60 -
4.4 agree with the applicant the location where the 
examinations and necessary tests shall be carried out. 
5. Where the type meets the relevant provisions of the 
Directive, the notified body shall Issue an EC type-
examination certificate to the applicant. ^The* 
certificate shall contain the name and address of the 
manufacturer, conclusions of the examlnI at ion, 
conditions for Its validity and the necessary data for 
Identification of the approved type. 
A list of the relevant parts of the technical 
documentation shall be annexed to the cert IfIcate and a 
copy kept by the notified body. 
If the manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established in the Community Is denied a type 
certification, the notified body shall provide detailed 
reasons for such denial. 
Provision shall be made for an appeals procedure. 
6. The applleant shal I Inform the notified body that holds 
the technical documentation concerning the EC type >• 
examination certificate of all modifications to 'the 
approved equipment or protective system which must 
receive additional approval where such changes may 
effect the conformity with the essential requirements 
or the prescribed conditions for use of the product. 
This additional approval Is given In the form of an 
addition to the original EC type-examination 
cert IfIcate . 
7. Each notified body shall communicate to the other 
notified bodies the relevant Information concerning the 
EC type-examination certificates and additions Issued 
and withdrawn. 
- 61 -
8. The other notified bodies may receive copies of the EC 
type-examination certificates and/or their additions. 
The annexes to the certificates shall be kept at the 
disposal of the other notified bodies. 
9. The manufacturer or his- authorized representative 
established in the Community shall keep with the 
technical documentation copies of EC type-examination 
certificates and their additions for a period ending at 
least ten years after the last equipment or protective 
systems has been manufactured. 
Where neither the manufacturer nor his authorized 
representative Is established within the Community, the 
obligation to keep the technical documentation avallabe 
shall be the responsibility of the person who places 
the product on the Community market. 
- 62 -
ANNEX IV 
Module: Production quality assurance 
1. This module describes the procedure/ whereby the 
manufacturer who satisfies the obligations of point 2 
ensures and declares that the products concerned are In 
conformity with the type as described In the EC type-
examination certificate and satisfy the requirements of 
the Directive that apply to them. The manufacturer 
shall affix the CE mark to each equipment and draw up 
a written declaration of conformity. The CE mark shall 
be accompanied by the Identification symbol of the 
notified body responsible for EC monitoring as 
specified In point 4. 
2. The manufacturer shall operate an approved quality 
system for production, final equipment Inspection and 
testing as specified In paragraph 3 and shall be 
subject to monitoring as specified In point 4. 
3. Quai Ity system 
3.1 The manufacturer shall lodge an application for 
assessment of his quality system with a notified body 
of his choice, for the equipment concerned. 
The application shall Include: 
all relevant information for the product category 
envisaged; 
- 63 -
the documentation concerning the quality system; 
- the technical documentation of the approved type and 
a copy of the EC type-examination certificate. 
3.2 The quality system shall ensure compliance of the 
equipment with-the type* as: described H n the EC type-^v 
examination certificate and with the requirements of 
the Directive that apply to them. 
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted 
by the manufacturer sha I I be documented in a systematic 
and orderly manner In the form of written policies, 
procedures and Instructions. The quality system 
documentation must permit a consistent interpretation 
of the qua I 1ty programmes, p I an, manuaIs and records. 
It shall contain in particular an adequate description 
of 
- the quality objectives and the organizational 
structure, responsibilities and powers of the . 
management with regard to equipment quality-, 
the manufacturing, quality control and quality 
assurance techniques, processes and systematic 
actions that will be used; 
the examinations and tests that will be carried out 
before, during and after manufacture, and the 
frequency with which they will be carried out; 
the quality records, such as inspection reports and 
test data, calibration data, qualification reports 
of the personnel concerned, etc.-, 
the means to monitor the achievement of the required 
equipment quality and the effective operation of 
the qua I Ity system. 
- 64 -
3.3 The notified body shall assess the quality system to 
determine whether It satisfies the requirements 
referred to in point 3.2. It shall presume conformity 
with these requirements in respect of quality systems 
that Implement the relevant harmonized standard. 
The auditing team shall have at least one member with 
experience of evaluation in the equipment technology 
concerned. The evaluation procedure shall Include an 
inspection visit to the manufacturer's premises. 
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The 
notification shall contain the conclusions of the 
examination and the reasoned assessment decision. 
3.4 The manufacturer shall undertake to fulfil the 
obligations arising out of the quality system as 
approved and to uphold It so that it remains adequate 
and effIc I ent. 
The manufacturer or his author I zed représentât Ive shaI I 
keep the notified body that has approved the quality 
system Informed of any Intended updating of the quality 
system. 
The notified body shall evaluate the modifications 
proposed and decide whether the amended quality system 
will still satisfy the requirements referred to in 
paragraph 3.2 or whether.a re-assessment Is required. 
It' shall notify Its decision to the manufacturer. The 
notification shall contain the conclusions of the 
examination and the reasoned assessment decision. 
- 65 -
4. Surveillance under the responsibility of the notified 
body 
4.1 The purpose of surveillance is to make sure that the 
manufacturer duly fulfils the obligations arising out 
of the approved qua Iity system. 
4.2 The manufacturer shall allow the notified body entrance 
for inspection purposes to the locations of 
manufacture, inspection and testing, and storage and 
shall provide It with all necessary Information in 
part IcuIar 
the quality system documentation 
the quality records, such as Inspection reports and 
test data, calibration data, qualification reports 
of the personnel concerned, etc. 
4.3 The notified body shall periodically carry out audits 
to make sure that the manufacturer maintains and 
applies the quality system and shall provide an audit 
report to the manufacturer. 
4.4 Additionally the notified body may pay unexpected 
visits to the manufacturer. During such visits the 
notified body may carry out, or cause to be carried 
out, tests to verify that the quality system is 
functioning correctly, if necessary. The notified body 
shall provide the manufacturer with a visit report and, 
If a test has taken place, with a test report. 
- 66 -
The manufacturer shall, for a period ending at least 
ten years after the last equipment has been 
manufactured, keep at the disposal of the national 
author 11les : 
the documentation referred to In the second Indent, 
of point 3.1; 
the updating referred to In the second paragraph of 
point 3.4; 
the decisions and reports from the notified body 
which are referred to in the final paragraph of 
point 3.4, point 4.3 and point 4.4. 
6. Each notified body shall give the other notified bodies 
the relevant Information concerning the quality system 
approvals issued and withdrawn. 
- 67 -
ANNEX V 
Module: Product verification 
This module describes the procedure whereby a 
manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established within the Community checks and attests 
that the equipment subject to the provisions of point 
3 are In conformity with the type as described in the 
EC-type examination certificate and satisfy the 
relevant requirements of the Directive. 
The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary in 
order that the manufacturing process ensures conformity 
of the equipment with the type as described In the EC 
type-examination certificate and with the requirements 
of the Directive that apply to them. He shall affix the 
CE-mark to each equipment and shall draw up a 
declaration of conformity. 
The notified body shall carry out the appropriate 
examinations and tests In order to check the conformity 
of the equipment with the relevant requirements of the 
Directive either by examination and testing of every 
product as specified In point 4 or by examination and 
testing of equipment on a statistical basis, as 
specified in point 5, at the choice of the 
manufacturer. 
The manufacturer or h I s author I zed representative shall 
keep a copy of the declaration of conformity for a 
period ending at least ten years after the last 
equipment has been manufactured. 
- 68 -
4. Verification by examination and testing of every 
equIpment 
4.1 All equipment shall be individually examined and 
appropriate tests as set out In the relevant 
standard(s) referred to In Article 5 or equivalent* 
tests shall be carried out In order to verify their' 
conformity with the type as described In the EC-type 
examination certificate and the relevant requirements 
of the D i rect I ve . 
4.2 The notified body shall affix or cause to be affixed, 
Its Identification symbol to each approved equipment 
and draw up a written certificate of conformity 
relating to the tests carried out. 
4.3 The manufacturer or his authorized representative shall 
ensure that he is able to supply the notified body's 
certificates of conformity on request.. 
5. Statistical verification 
5.1 The manufacturer shall present his equipment In the 
form of homogeneous lots and shall take all measures 
necessary tin order that the manufacturing process 
ensures the homogeneity of each lot produced. 
5.2 All equipment shall be available for verification in 
the form of homogeneous lots. A random sample shall be 
drawn from each lot. Products in a sample shall be1 
Individually examined and appropriate tests as set out 
In the relevant standard(s) referred to In Article 5, 
or equivalent tests, shall be carried out to ensure 
their conformity with the relevant requirements of the 
Directive and to determine whether the lot Is accepted 
or rejected. 
- 69 -
5.3 A sampling plan with the following operating 
characteristics Is applied: 
a standard quality level corresponding to a 95 % 
probability of acceptance with a percentage of non­
conformity between 0,5 and 1,5 %, 
alimit quality correspond ing to a 5 % probabI I Ity, 
of acceptance with a percentage of non-conformity 
• between 5 and 10 %. 
5.4 In the case of accepted lots, the notified body shall 
affix, or cause to be affixed, Its Identification 
symbol to each equipment and shall draw up a written 
certificate of conformity relating to the tests carried 
out. All equipment in the lot may be put on the market 
except those products from the sample which were found 
not to be In conformity. 
If a lot is rejected, the notified body or the 
competent author Ity shaI I take appropriate measures to 
prevent the putting on the market of that lot. In the 
event of frequent rejection of lots the not I fled body 
may suspend the statistical verification. 
The manufacturer may, under the responsibility of the 
notified body, affix the latter's identification symbol 
during the manufacturing process. 
5.5 The manufacturer or his authorized representative 
shall ensure that he is able to supply the notified 
body's cert I fIcates of conformity on request. 
L_ - 70 -
ANNEX VI 
Module: Conformity to type 
This module describes that part of the procedure 
whereby the manufacturer or his authorized 
representative established within the Community ensures 
and declares that the equipment and protective systems 
are In conformity with the type as described in the EC 
type-examination certificate and satisfy the relevant 
requirements of the Directive. The manufacturer shall 
affix the CE mark to each equipment and protective 
system and draw up a written declaration of conformity. 
The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary to 
ensure that the manufacturing process assures 
compliance of the manufactured equipment and protective 
systems with the type as described in the EC type-
examination certificate and with the relevant, 
requirements of the Directive. 
The manufacturer or his authorized representative shall 
keep a copy of the declaration of conformity for a 
period ending at least ten years after the last 
equipment or protective system has been manufacturerd. 
Where neither the manufacturer nor his authorized 
representative is established within the Community, the 
obligation to keep the technical documentation 
available shall be the responsibility of the person who 
places the equipment or protective system on the 
Community market. 
- 71 -
For each equipment or protective system manufactured 
the protection aspects of the product shall be carried 
out by the manufacturer or on his behalf. The tests 
shall be carried out on the responsibility of a 
notified body, chosen by the manufacturer. 
On the responsibility of the notified body, the 
manufacturer shall affix the former's Identification 
symbol during the manufacturing process. 
- 72 -
ANNEX VI I 
Module: Product quality assurance 
1. This module describes the procedure whereby the 
manufacturer who satisfies the obligations of point 2 
ensures and declares that the equipment and protective 
systems are in conformity with the type as described In 
the EC type-examination certificate. The manufacturer 
shall affix the CE mark to each product and draw up a 
written declaration of conformity. The CE mark shall be 
accompanied by the Identification symbol of the 
notified body responsible for - surveI I Ianee as specified 
in poInt 4. 
2. The manufacturer shall operate an approved quality 
system for final equipment and protective system 
Inspection and testing as specified tn paragraph 3 and 
shall be subject to surveI I Iance as specified in point» 
4. 
3. Qua Ilty system 
3.1. The manufacturer shall lodge an application for 
assessment of his quality system for the 
equipment and protective systems, with a notified 
body of his choice. 
The application shall include: 
all relevant information for the product 
category envisaged 
- 73 -
the quality system's documentation 
the technical documentation of the approved 
type and a copy of the EC type-examan I at Ion 
cert IfIcate . 
3.2. Under the quality system, each equipment and-* 
protective system shall be examined and 
appropriate tests as set out in the relevant 
standard(s) referred to In Article 5 or 
equivalent tests shall be carried out in order to 
ensure Its conformity with the relevant 
requirements of the Directive. All the elements, 
requirements and provisions adopted by the 
manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic 
and orderly manner in the -form of written 
policies, procedures and instructions. This 
quality system documentation shall ensure a 
common understanding of the quality programmes, 
plans, manuals and records. 
It shall contain in particular an adequate 
descr I pt ion of : 
the quality objectives and the organizational 
structure, responsibilities and powers of the 
management with regard to product quality, 
the examinations and tests that will be 
carried out after manufacture 
the means to monitor the effective operation 
of the qua I Ity system 
quality records,- such as Inspection reports 
and test data, calibration data, qualification 
reports of the personnel concerned, etc. 
- 74 -
3.3. The notified body shall assess the quality system 
to determine whether It satisfies the 
requirements referred to in point 3.2. It shall 
presume conformity with these requirements In 
respect of quality systems that Implement the 
relevant harmonized standard. 
The auditing team shall have at least one member 
experienced as an assessor In the product 
technology concerned. The assessment procedure 
shall include an assessment visit to the 
manufacturer's premises. 
The decision shall be notified to the 
manufacturer. The not I f I cat Ion sha I I* contain the 
conclusions of the examination and the reasoned 
assessment decision. 
3.4. The manufacturer shall undertake to discharge the 
obligations arising from the quality system as 
approved and to maintain it In an appropriate and 
eff I c i ent manner. 
The manufacturer or his authorized representative 
shall* keep the notified body which has approved 
the quality system Informed of any Intended 
updating of the quality system. 
The notified body shall evaluate the 
modifications proposed and decide whether the 
modified quality system will still satisfy the 
requirements referred to in paragraph 3.2. or 
whether a re-assessment Is required. 
- 75 -
It shall notify its decision to the manufacturer. 
The notification shall contain the conclusions of 
the examination and the reasoned assessment 
dec I s Ion. 
4. Surve11 I ance under the respons I b 1 I Ity of the notified 
body 
4.1. The purpose of surveillance is to make sure that 
the manufacturer duly fulfils the obligations 
arising out of the approved quality system. 
4.2. The manufacturer shall allow the notified body 
entrance for inspection purposes to the locations 
of inspection, testing, and storage and shall 
provide it with all necessary Information, In 
par tIcuIar 
the quality system documentation 
the technical documentation 
the quality records, such as inspection 
reports and test data, calibration data, 
qualification reports of the personnel 
concerned, etc. 
4.3. The notified body shall periodically carry out 
audits to ensure that the manufacturer maintains 
and applies the quality system and shall provide 
an audit report to the manufacturer. 
- 76 -
4.4. Additionally, the notified body may pay 
unexpected visits to the manufacturer. At the 
time of such visits, the notified body may carry 
out tests or have them carried out In order to 
check the proper functioning of the quality 
system where necessary; It shall provide tthe 
manufacturer with a visit report and, if a test 
has been carried out, with a test report. 
The manufacturer shall, for a period ending at least 
ten years after the last equipment or protective system 
has been manufactured, keep at the disposal of the 
national authorities: 
the documentation referred to in the third Indent of 
po I nt 3.1; 
the updating referred to In the second paragraph of 
point 3.4; 
the decisions and reports from the notified body 
which are referred to in the final paragraph of 
point 3.4, point 4.3 and point 4.4. 
Each notified body shall forward to the other notified 
bodies the relevant information concerning the quality 
system approvals Issued and withdrawn. 
- 77 -
ANNEX VI I I 
Module: Internal control of production 
1. This module describes the procedure whereby the 
manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established within the Community, who carries out the 
obligations laid down in point 2, ensures and declares 
that the equipment satisfy the relevant requirements of 
the Directive. The manufacturer shall affix the CE mark 
to each equipment and draw up a written declaration of 
conform Ity. 
2. The manufacturer shall establish the technical 
documentation described In paragraph 3 and he or his 
authorized representative established with the 
Community shall keep it for a period ending at least 10 
years after the last equipment has been manufactured 
at the disposal of the relevant national authorities 
for inspection purposes. 
Where neither the manufacturer nor his authorized 
representative Is established within the Community, the 
obligation to keep the technical documentation 
available shall be the responsibility of the person who 
places the equipment on the Community market. 
3. Technical documentation shall enable the conformity of 
the equipment with the relevant requirements of the 
Directive to be assessed. It shall, as far as relevant 
for such assessment, cover the design, manufacture and 
operation of the product. 
The manufacturer or his authorized representative shall 
keep a copy of the declaration of conformity with the 
technical documentation; 
- 78 -
5. The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary in 
order that the manufacturing process shall ensure 
compliance of the manufactured equipment with the 
technical documentation referred to In point 2 and with 
the relevant requirements of the Directive. 
- 79 -
ANNEX IX 
Module: full quality assurance 
1. This module describes the procedure whereby the 
manufacturer who satisfies the obligations of paragraph 
2 ensures and declares that the equipment concerned 
satisfy the relevant requirements of the directive. The 
manufacturer shall affix the CE mark to each equipment 
and draw up a written declaration of conformity. The CE 
mark shall be accompanied by the identification symbol 
of the notified body responsible for the EC 
surve i I Iance . 
2. The manufacturer shall operate an approved quality 
system for design, manufacture and final equipment 
inspection and testing as specified in paragraph 3 and 
shall be subject to EC surveillance as specified In 
paragraph 4. 
3. Qua I Ity system 
3.1 The manufacturer shall lodge an application for 
assessment of his quality system with a notified body. 
The application shall include: 
all relevant information for the equipment category 
env I saged 
the quality system's documentation 
3.2 The quality system shall ensure compliance of the 
equipment with the relevant requirements of the 
d i rect i ve . 
- 80 -
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted 
by the manufacturer shall be documented In a systematic 
and orderly manner In the form of written policies, 
procedures and Instructions. This quality system 
documentation shall ensure a common understanding of 
the quality policies and procedures such as quality 
programmes, plans, manuals and records. 
It shall contain in particular an adequate description 
of 
the quality objectives and the organizational 
structure, responsibilities and powers of the 
management with regard to design and equipment 
qua I Ity, 
the technical design specifications, Including 
standards, that will be applied and, where the 
standards referred to In article 5 will not be 
applied In full, the means that will be used to 
ensure that the essential requirements of the 
directive that apply to the equipment will be met, 
the design control and design verification 
techniques, processes and systematic actions that 
will be used when designing the equipment, 
the corresponding manufacturing, quality control and 
quality assurance techniques, processes and 
systematic actions that will be used, 
the examinations and tests that will be carried out 
before, during, and after manufacture, and the 
frequency with which they will be carried out, 
- 81 -
the quality records, such as Inspection reports and 
test data, calibration data, qualification reports 
of the personnel concerned, etc., 
the means to monitor the achievement of the required 
design and equipment quality and the effective 
operation of the quality system. 
3.3. The notified body shall assess the quality system to 
determine whether it satisfies the requirements 
referred to In paragraph 3.2. It shall presume 
compliance with these requirements in respect of 
quality systems that implement the relevant harmonized 
standard. 
The auditing team shall have at least one member 
experienced as an assessor In the product technology 
concerned. The evaluation procedure shall Include an 
assessment visit to the manufacturer's premises. 
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer . The 
notification shall contain the conclusions of thfe 
examination and the reasoned assessment decision. • 
3.4. The manufacturer shall undertake to fulfil the 
obligations arising out of the quality system as 
approved and to uphold It so that it remains adequate 
and eff i c I ent. 
The manufacturer or his authorized representative 
established In the Community shall keep the notified 
body that has approved the quality system Informed of 
any intended updating of the quality system. 
The notified body shall evaluate the modifications 
proposed and decide whether the amended quality system 
will still satisfy the requirements referred to In 
paragraph 3.2. or whether a re-assessment Is required. 
- 82 -
It shall notify Its decision to the manufacturer. The 
notification shall contain the conclusions of the 
examination and the reasoned assessment decision. 
EC surveI I Iance 
4.1. The purpose of EC surveillance is to make sure that the 
manufacturer duly fulfils the obligations arising out 
of the approved quality system. 
4.2. The manufacturer shall allow the notified body entrance 
for Inspection purposes to the locations of design, 
manufacture, inspection and testing, and storage, and 
shall provide it with all necessary information, in 
par tIcuIar 
the quality system documentation 
the quality records as foreseen by the design part 
of the quality system, such as results of analyses, 
calculations, tests, etc. 
the quality records as foreseen by the manufacturing 
part of the quality system, such as inspection 
reports and test data, calibration data, 
qualification reports of the personnel concerned, 
etc. 
4.3. The notified body shall periodically carry out audits 
to make sure that the manufacturer maintains and 
applies the quality system and shall provide an audit 
report to the manufacturer. 
4.4. Additionally the notified body may pay unexpected 
visits to the manufacturer. During such visits full or 
reduced audits may be carried out by the notified body. 
The notified body shall provide a visit report and, if 
applicable, an audit report to the manufacturer. 
- 83 
5. The manufacturer shall, for a period ending at least 10 
years after the last equipment has been 
manufacturered, keep at the disposa» of the national 
author 111 es : 
- the documentations referred to in the second indent 
of the second subparagraph of point 3.1 
the updatIng refer red to in the second subparagraph 
of poInt 3.4 
the decisions and reports from the notified body 
which are referred to in the final subparagraph of 
point 3.4, points 4.3 and 4.4 
6. Each notified body shall publish periodically the 
relevant Information concerning the quality system 
approvals issued and withdrawn. 
7. Pes Ign exam I natI on 
a) The manufacturer shall lodge an application for 
examination of the design with a single notified body^ 
b) The application sha II enable understanding of the 
design, manufacture and operation of the product, and 
shall enable assessment of conformity with the relevant 
requirements of the directive. 
11 sha I I I nc I ude 
the technical design specifications, including 
standards, that have been applied, 
the necessary supporting evidence for their 
adequacy, in particular where the standards referred 
to In article 5 have not been applied In full. This 
supporting evidence shall Include the results of 
tests carried out by the appropriate laboratory of 
the manufacturer or on his behalf. 
84 -
c) The notified body shall examine the application and 
where the design meets the provisions of the directive 
that apply to It shall issue an EC design examination 
certificate to the applicant. The certificate shall 
contain the conclusions of the examination, conditions 
for Its val Idlty., the necessary data for Identification. 
of the approved design and, if relevant, a description 
of the equipment's functioning. 
d) The applicant shall keep the notified body that has 
issued the EC design examination certificate informed 
of any modification to the approved design. 
Modifications to the approved design must receive 
additional approval from the notified body that issued 
the EC design examination certificate where such 
changes may affect the conformity with the essential 
requirements of the directive or the prescribed 
conditions for use of the equipment. This additional 
approval is given In the form of an addition to the 
original EC design examination certificate. ; 
e) The not if led bodies shall publish periodically the 
relevant Information concerning 
the applications for EC design examination received 
the EC design examination certificates and additions 
Issued 
the EC design examination certificates and additions 
refused 
the EC design examination certificates and additions 
wIthdrawn 
- 85 -
ANNEX X 
Module: EC unit verification 
1. This module describes the procedure whereby the 
manufacturer ensures and declares that the equipment or,: 
protective system, which has been issued with the 
certificate referred to in point 2, conforms to the 
relevant requirements of the directive. The 
manufacturer shall affix the CE mark to the equipment 
or protective system and draw up a declaration of 
conform Ity . 
2. The notified body shall examine the Individual 
equipment or protective system and carry out the 
appropriate tests as set out In the relevant 
standard(s) referred to in article 5, or equivalent 
tests, to ensure Its conformity with the relevant 
requirements of the directive. The notified body shall 
affix, or cause to be affixed, its Identification 
symbol on the approved equipment or protective system 
and shall draw up a certificate of conformity 
concerning the tests carried out. 
3. The aim of the technical documentation is to enable 
conformity with the requirements of the directive to be 
assessed and the design, manufacture and operation of 
the equipment or protective system to be understood. 
The documentation shall contain: 
a general description of the product 
conceptual design and manufacturing drawings and 
schemes of components, sub-assemblies, circuits, 
etc . 
descriptions and explanations necessary for the 
understanding of said drawings and schemes and the 
operation of the equipment or protective system. 
- 86 -
a list of the standards referred to in article 5, 
applied In full or In part, and descriptions of the 
solutions adopted to meet the essential requirements 
of the directive where the standards referred to In 
article 5 have not been applied 
results of design calculations made, exam Inations 
carr I ed out , etc . 
test reports. 
- 87 -
ANNEX XI 
Conformity marks and additional specific markings 
1 . EC conformity mark 
The EC conformity shall consist of the letters CE as the 
symbol shows below and the last two figures of the year 
In which the mark was affixed. 
C€ 
2. Additional specific markings 
Additional markings must enable full! Identification of 
equipment and protective systems to be made. They must at 
least contain the following: 
specific explosion protection mark together with 
the mark Indicating the equipment group, the 
conformity category thereof and, relating to equipment 
group 11, the letter "G" (concerning explosive 
atmospheres caused by gases, vapours or hazes) and/or 
"D" (concerning explosive atmospheres caused by dust) 
as, for example, shown below; 
name and address of the manufacturer or his 
I dent I fI cat ion mark ; 
type and serial number; 
restricted or other safety-related conditions of use; 
I 1 G 
- 88 
ANNEX XI I 
MINIMUM CRITERIA TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT BY MEMBER STATES 
FOR THE NOTIFICATION OF BODIES 
1. The body, its director and the staff responsible for 
carrying out the verification tests shall not be the 
designer, manufacturer, supplier or Installer of 
equipment and protective systems which they inspect, 
nor the authorized representative of any of these 
parties. They shall not become either involved directly 
or as authorized representatives In the design, 
construction, marketing or maintenance of equipment and 
protective systems. This does not preclude the 
possibility of exchanges of technical Information 
between the manufacturer and the body. 
2. The body and Its staff shall carry out the verification 
tests with the highest degree of professional Integrity 
and technical competence and shall be free from all 
pressures and Inducements, particularly financial, 
which might Influence their Judgement or the results of 
the Inspection, especially from persons or groups of 
persons with an Interest In the result of 
ver i f I cat i ons. 
3. The body shall have at Its disposal the necessary staff 
and possess the necessary facilities to enable It to 
perform properly the administrative and technical tasks 
connected with verification; it shall also have access 
to the equipment required for special verification. 
- 89 -
The staff responsible for Inspection shall have: 
- sound technical and professional training, 
satisfactory knowledge of the requirements of the 
tests they carry out and adequate experience of such 
tests, 
the ability to draw up the certificates, records and 
reports required to authenticate the performance of 
the tests. 
The Impartiality of inspection staff shall be 
guaranteed. Their remuneration shall not depend on the 
number of tests carried out or on the results of such 
tests. 
The body shall take out liability insurance unless Its 
liability is assumed by the State In accordance with 
national law, or the Member State Itself is directly 
responsible for the tests. 
The staff of the body shall be bound to observe 
professional secrecy with regard to all information 
gained In carrying out Its tasks (except vis-à-vis the 
competent administrative authorities of the State in 
which Its activities are carried out) under this 
Directive or any provision of national law giving 
effect to It. 
- 90 -
FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
SECTION 1: FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS 
1. Title of opérât Ion 
Approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and 
protective systems Intended for use In potentially explosive atmospheres. 
2. Budget heading Involved 
Article B5-300: completing the Internal market. 
3. Legal basis 
Article 100a of the Treaty 
Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 concerning a new approach to technical 
harmonization and standardization. 
4. Description of operation 
The planned operation consists of contributing to the drafting and prevision 
of harmonized standards which will facilitate the appiIcatIon • of the 
directive and Increase the competitiveness of European Industry. 
5. Classification of expenditure 
Differentiated appropriation 
Non-compulsory expenditure. 
6. Type of expenditure 
The above proposal defines essential safety and health requirements. 
Article 5 of It refers to harmonized standards. 
- 91 -
As with the other "New Approach" directives, the Commission plans to assign 
to CEN/CENELEC the task of preparing useful harmonized standards. The 
mandate required for this task falls within the framework contract signed 
on 10 October 1985, which provides for financial support from the 
Commission. 
7. Financial Impact on appropriations for operations 
7.1 Method of calculation 
(a) CENELEC 
CENELEC is currently following a policy aimed at decreasing the 
number of operations carried out by the Commission and the 
EFTA Secretariat. The amounts invoiced for the preparation of 
CENELEC standards can therefore be considered to be token values 
which are 30-40% of the actual costs. On this basis, an Initial 
estimate shows that 30 standards need to be revised (actual costs 
ECU 600 000, of which ECU 240 000 has been Invoiced) and 20 new 
standards will be needed (actual costs ECU 576 000, of which 
ECU 128 000 has been Invoiced). The actual cost of the programme 
amounts to ECU 1 176 000, of which ECU 368 000 has been invoiced. 
The Impact on the Commission budget is therefore currently 
estimated to be ECU 368 000. The average price of a CENELEC 
standard is ECU 7 360. 
- 92 -
(b) CEN 
The same policy is not followed by CEN, however. The method of 
financing calculated on the basis of experience with existing 
mandates shows that each new standard costs the Commission an 
average of ECU 50 000. The number of A/B (product families) CEN 
standards Is provisionally put at 25. However, a safety margin of 
five additional standards has to be allowed. The total impact of 
the programme is therefore estimated to be 30 standards 
representing expenditure of ECU 1.5 million. 
(c) The total number of (CEN + CENELEC) standards is 80. The overall 
expenditure can be estimated to be a maximum of ECU 1 868 000. 
This estimate has been made in collaboration with the 
standardization bodies. The technical structures In the electrical 
field have been in place for a number of years, which means that 
undoubtedly more unreliable data can be obtained. This is not 
always the case with non-electrical standardization most of which, 
although some work Is in progress, in particular supported by the 
"machinery" mandate, Is still unchartered territory due to lack of 
experience and In particular of technical forums in which the 
experts are able to cooperate. The CEN amounts should be 
considered in the light of this. 
The amount is to be spread over four years. 
7.2 Schedule of commitment appropriations (CA) and payment 
appropriations (PA) (Article B5-300 
1992 
1993 
1994 
1995 
TOTAL CA 
1 868 000 PA 
678 000 
744 000 
248 000 198 000 
1 868 000 1 868 000 
- 93 -
SECTION 2: ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE 
The proposal for a directive replaces and extends the existing directives. 
The incorporation of non-electrical equipment and mining equipment, which 
Is currently dealt with by DG V/E-4 (Secretariat of the Safety and Health 
Commission for the Mining and Other Extractive Industries, will create a 
need for one additional A-1 eve I official to be appointed either by way of 
internal mutation, or by the Commission within the framework of the 
allocation of resources. He will be responsible for ensuring the 
application of the directive, providing technical liaison between the 
Commission and standardization and matters of interpretation of the 
essential requirements and monitoring the work of DG V concerning the 
Article 118a directive. He will also attend the meetings of the Safety and 
Health Commission. 
- 94 -
SECTION 3: ELEMENTS OF COST-EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS 
The aim of the proposed operation Is fui I harmonization of the ATEX 
(electrical) sector In accordance with the statement entered In the minutes 
of the meeting of which optional Directive 79/196/EEC was adopted. It is 
therefore an obligation for which no alternative has been considered. The 
extension to Include other equipment meets technical safety requirements 
and is in keeping with the Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 to avoid a 
large number of specific directives. 
It can be noted that about 20 standards have already been produced for the 
electrical field, many of which are Included In the technical annexes to 
Directive 79/196/EEC, 82/130/EEC and 90/487/EEC. A simple revision of 
these standards and the inclusion of any specific measures to meet new 
essential safety requirements may suffice in many cases. In addition, a 
large number of I EC publications (In particular the 79 series) have 
appeared since work began In 1948. These will continue to provide a firm 
basis for European standardization activities. 
Furthermore, the work of WG 16 of CEN/TC 114 (Fire and Explosions) which 
was set up under the mandate of Directive 89/392/EEC (machinery), has to be 
taken Into account for the non-electrleal field. The standards produced by 
.the committee concerned will apply almost directly to the ATEX Directive. 
The above considerations will reduce the number of new standards needed 
and, therefore, the Impact on the Commission budget. v 
The figures given are approximate only. 
- 95 -
IMPACT ASSESSMENT SHEET 
IMPACT OF THE PROPOSAL ON UNDERTAKINGS AND, 
IN PARTICULAR, ON SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED UNDERTAKINGS (SMUs) 
1. Principal grounds for the proposal 
This proposal for a directive is aimed at the full harmonization of 
equipment and protective systems Intended for use In potentially explosive 
atmospheres. It Includes the optional system Introduced by 
Directive 76/117/EEC, 79/196/EEC, 90/487/EEC and 82/130/EEC, which will be 
made complete and provides for a widening to Include equipment and 
protective systems not covered by Community legislation. 
2. Impact on undertakings 
2a Characteristics of the undertakings concerned 
There are a considerable number of SMUs in the field of equipment for use 
In potentially explosive atmospheres. The high level of specialization In 
this field has enabled relatively small undertakings to coexist with the 
specific production lines of the major equipment manufacturers. The main 
manufactures are in France, Germany and the UK, and users are to be found 
in all countries with an industrial (chemicals, oil) and mining sector. 
Production of such equipment Is tending to decline following pit closures. 
Greater and continuously Increasing interest Is now being shown in surface 
equipment, however. As a result of restructuring in the sector concerned 
and gearing it towards Industrial applications, European equipment has an 
excellent reputation and can only benefit from a larger market, not only 
within the Community but also in the EFTA countries and as regards exports 
to North America and other countries concerned with the exploitation of 
mineral resources. 
Are there concentrations In regions eligible for regional aid from the 
Member States? No 
Are there concentrations In regions eligible under the ERDF? No 
- 96 -
However, It should be stated that subsidies have made It possible to 
maintain certain mining activities and therefore to safeguard local 
Industries which supply group I equipment. 
3. The obligations on undertakings 
The existing optional directives guaranteed free movement of some 
electrical equipment within the Community. Companies were not unaware of 
this commercial advantage, which was symbolized by the affixing of the 
highly estimated Commun!ty mark epsilon- . The general possibility of 
free movement for the bulk of equipment and systems produced for use in 
potentially explosive atmospheres must be regarded as an additional asset. 
It was found during the (modest) extension of the existing directives that 
all of the parties concerned approved and that national legislation or 
standardization were systematically abandoned. 
Since European standardization exists, the need for conformity with 
different national provisions and the inherent costs disappear. The 
apparently new obligations contained In the new directive will ultimately 
only replace those existing at the national level and will help to reduce 
the diversity of existing regulations. 
4. What are the foreseeable effects 
on employment? 
The effects on employment will tend to be Indirect. The fact Is -
and this has been confirmed by experience In the electrical field -
that the production of high-quality equipment is an important asset 
which extends even beyond the Community's frontiers. The effect on 
employment, taking account of the high level of specialization of 
the SMUs working In the field, may therefore be beneficial. 
on the compet it Iveness of undertakings? 
The reduction in the number of certificates to be obtained for the 
same Item of equipment and the associated savings, In particular 
for non-electrical equipment, as a result of not having to repeat 
tests will put a limit on the total price and Increase 
competitiveness while guaranteeing equivalent quality. 
- 97 -
5. Will there be special measures for SMUs? 
No. However, the directive does provide for the checking of Individual 
units to certify conformity, which may be a satisfactory solution for 
special equipment made In limited numbers for part leu Iar app11 cat ions. 
6. Have the two sides of Industry been consulted? 
The proposed directive has been discussed with experts from the industrial 
federations (ORGALIME, ECCMF, FITMT) and European standardization In which 
all of the Interests concerned are represented. Furthermore, the Mines 
Safety and Health Commission and the Advisory Committee on Safety, Hygiene 
and Health Protection at Work have been fully consulted. 
A broad consensus emerged from the discussions. Electrotechnlcal 
standardization (CENELEC) has a large number of standards, Its 
non-electrical partner (CEN) Is at the moment preparing a generic standard 
in Its field under the mandate of the "machinery" directive. 
It Is only structures which from the beginning have been completely divided 
Into electrical and mechanical sections (industrial federations, some 
administrations) which find some difficulty In accepting the generalizing 
approach of the proposal. 
However, the committees which Include the workers' trades unions approve of 
this approach for safety reasons. 

ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(91) 516 final 
DOCUMENTS 
EN 04 06 
Catalogue number : CB-CO-91-591-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-78935-2 
Office for Official Publications of the Europeaa Communities 
L-2985 Luxembourg