EN    EN  COMMISSION OF THE E UROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 19.9.2007 
COM(2007) 549 final 
  
COMMUNICATION FROM THE CO MMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN 
PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL  
concerning the revision of the mult iannual financial framework (2007-2013) 
Proposal for a 
DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN P ARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL 
amending the Interinstitutional Agreement of 17 May 2006 on budgetary discipline and 
sound financial management as regards  the multiannual financial framework 
(presented by the Commission) 
 
EN 2   EN COMMUNICATION FROM THE CO MMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN 
PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL  
concerning the revision of the mult iannual financial framework (2007-2013) 
Financing of the European GNSS programmes (EGNOS-GALILEO) 
Financing of the European Institute of Technology 
This Communication contains the Commission's proposal for the revision of the multiannual 
financial framework (hereinafter referred to as "the financial framework") in accordance with 
Points 21 to 23 of the Interinstitutiona l Agreement (IIA) of 17 May 2006 on budgetary 
discipline and sound financial management.  
Point 21 of the IIA provides that, in the even t of unforeseen circumstances, the Commission 
may propose the revision of the financial fram ework in compliance wi th the own resources 
ceiling.  
According to Point 22, any decision to revise the financial framework by up to 0.03% of the 
European Union GNI needs to be taken jointly  by both arms of the budgetary authority in 
compliance with the voting rules laid down in th e fifth subparagraph of Article 272(9) of the 
Treaty establishing the European Community. Any revision above 0.03% of the European 
Union GNI will be taken jointly by both arms of the budgetary authority, with the Council 
acting unanimously. 
Point 23 of the IIA introduces a number of specifi c conditions the institutions need to respect: 
(1) The institutions will examine the scope for reallocating expenditure between the 
programmes covered by the heading con cerned by the revision, with particular 
reference to any expected under-utilisation of appropriations. The objective should be 
that a significant amount, in ab solute terms and as a percen tage of the new expenditure 
planned, should be within the existing ceiling for the heading.  
(2) The institutions will examine the scope for offsetting any raising of the ceiling for one 
heading by the lowering of the ceiling for another. 
(3) Any revision of the compulso ry expenditure in the financ ial framework must not lead 
to a reduction in the amount avai lable for non-compul sory expenditure1. 
(4) Any revision must maintain an appropria te relationship between commitments and 
payments. 
                                                 
1 Condition not applicable in the case of the present proposal. 
 
EN 3   EN 1. A DDITIONAL FINANCING NEEDS DUE TO UNFORESEEN CIRCUMSTANCES  
The Commission considers that new developments  relating to the financing of the Galileo 
Programme, for an additional amount of EU R 2,400 million, and the financing of the 
European Institute of Technology, for an add itional amount of EUR 309 million, justify the 
revision of the financial framework. 
1.1. Developments in the Galileo programme 
Further to the financial framework agreed be tween the institutions, an amount of EUR 1.005 
billion at current prices has been programmed  under heading 1A "Competitiveness for growth 
and employment" according to the Commission's proposal2 for the financing of the 
deployment and operational phases of the Gali leo programme during the period from 2007 to 
2013.  
That proposal was based on the initial road map, which foresa w three phases: development 
and in-orbit validation, deployment, and ope rations. The development phase was to be 
entirely financed by the public sector, whereas the deployment and operational phases were to be financed by both the public and the private sectors in the framework of a public-private-
partnership (PPP) and implemented under a con cession contract. The EU  would contribute 
about one-third of the financing during the deployment phase and a financial contribution 
would be provided for the 3 first years of operational expenses. Taken together, it was 
estimated that the EU would contribute EUR 1.0 billion over the 2007-2013 period under the 
Community budget. 
The concession call was launched on 17 Octobe r 2003 and resulted in a single negotiating 
partner, "Euro-GNSS", stemming from a merged  consortium composed of 8 partners. The 
negotiations effectively starte d in January 2006, following inte rnal industrial disagreement 
and a mediation with regard to the division of ro le and responsibilities (and locations of major 
ground installations of the system). However, the negot iations on the con cession contract 
came to a stop at the beginning of 2007. The Council (Transport Ministers) which met on 22 
March 2007 asked the Commission a detailed report setting out  the progress made in the 
negotiations with the consortium and alternativ e scenarios for the rapid deployment of the 
space infrastructure, including financing aspects.  The European Parliament called also on the 
Commission to come forward with appropriate proposals
3. 
In response to these requests, the Commi ssion adopted on 16 May 2007 a Communication on 
the state of play of the Galileo programme, " Galileo at a cross road:  the implementation of 
the European GNSS programmes ", complemented by a Commission staff working document4. 
Under the scenario retained, the full operational capacity with 30 satellites shall be financed 
and procured by the public sector followed by a PPP under a concession scheme to run the 
operations and exploitation activities. The init ial operational capacity shall be reached by end-
2011 with 18 satellites and the full operational ca pacity shall be reached by end-2012 with 30 
                                                 
2 COM(2004) 477 final/2, 24.5.2006 (Amended proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament 
and of the Council on the implementation of the deployment and operational phases of the European 
satellite radio navigation programme). 
3 European Parliament Resolution of 26 April 2007 on the Galileo concession contract negotiations (P6-
TAPROV(2007)0164). 
4 COM(2007) 261, 16.5.2007 and SEC(2007) 624, 16.5.2007. 
 
EN 4   EN satellites. The public procurement of the full infrastructure requires an investment for the 
period 2007-2013 amounting to EUR 3.4 billion. Th e PPP concession contract would cover 
the period 2010-2030. 
Based on this Communication, the Council of  Transport Ministers of 6-8 June 2007 
concluded that the current concession negotia tions had failed and had to be ended. It 
reaffirmed the value of Galileo as a key projec t of the European Union and supported, without 
prejudice to a final decision, the deployment of the Galileo system by the end of 2012. The 
Council recognised that the impl ementation of a deployment of the Galileo programme by the 
public sector would need additional public funding and requested the Commission to submit detailed alternative proposals for the financi ng, including all options of  public funding, based 
on additional thorough assessments of cost s, risks, revenues and timetables.  
In parallel, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on 20 June 2007 recalling its strong 
support to continue the Galileo programme, but opposing any solution which would combine 
Community funding with intergovernmental ad ditional funding. The resolution called for a 
full financing of the programme under the Co mmunity Budget and invited the Commission to 
take the initiative of proposing a revision of the fina ncial framework as pr ovided for in Point 
22 of the IIA or by other means provided by the IIA
5.  
In its Communication on "Progressing Gali leo: Re-Profiling the European GNSS 
Programmes"6, the Commission provided a detailed analys is of the various financing options, 
recommending that the financial framework be  revised to fill the public financing gap.  
Since an amount of EUR 1.0 billion has already been programmed under heading 1A of the 
financial framework, the financing of th e full amount referred to above through the 
Community budget requires the m obilisation of additional EUR 2.4 billion under this heading 
with the following commitment profile: 
Commitment Appropriations 
Galileo 
(EUR million, current prices) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007-
2013 
Currently programmed 
commitments  100 151 201 251 151 151 0 1 005 
Additional commitments required  0 + 789 + 599 + 739 + 120 + 96 + 57 + 2 400 
Total commitments EC budget  100 940 800 990 271 247 57 3 405 
                                                 
5 European Parliament Resolution of 20 June 2007 on the financing of the European programme of 
satellite radionavigation (Galileo) under the Interinstitutional Agreement of 17 May 2006 and the 
multiannual framework 2007-2013 [P6_TA-PROV(2007)072 - PE 391.046/51]. 
6 COM(2007) 534, 19.9.2007. 
 
EN 5   EN 1.2. Developments related to the European Institute of Technology (EIT) 
The proposal to establish a European Institute of Technology was put forward in 2005 as part 
of the mid-term review of the Lisbon strategy. It has been further deve loped on the basis of a 
public consultation in which the most important  university, research, business and industrial 
innovation organisations took part. The con cept was presented in a first Commission 
Communication: " Implementing the renewed partnership for growth and jobs - Developing a 
knowledge flagship: the European Institute of Technology "7. In June 2006, the Commission 
further elaborated the concep t in a second communication: "The European Institute of 
Technology: further steps towards its creation"8, which drew extensiv ely on the outcome of 
the consultation process and shed light on a numbe r of specific issues related to the proposed 
structure and operation of the EIT.  
The European Council of 15-16 June 2006 reaffi rmed that “the European Institute for 
Technology (EIT), working with  existing national institutions, will be an important step 
towards filling the existing gap between highe r education, research and innovation together 
with other actions that enha nce networking and synergies be tween excellent research and 
innovation communities in Europe.”  It invited the Commission to  prepare a formal proposal 
for the establishment of the EIT. This proposal was adopted by the Commission on 18 
October 20069. It foresees an amount of EUR  308.7 million for the period 2008-2013 for the 
financing of the EIT under heading 1A. This  amount will cover the costs of the EIT's 
governing structure and the European dimensi on of the project, notably the costs of 
coordination and mobility that are necessary  to sustain the "Knowledge and Innovation 
Communities" (KICs). This amount  will represent only a percenta ge of the total EIT budget, 
as both the EIT and the KICs ar e expected to attract other s ources of financing, including 
from the private sector. 
No specific provision was made for the EIT in th e course of the negotiations on the financial 
framework 2007-2013. The Commission considered that the unallocated margins beneath the 
ceilings of heading 1A could be sufficient to  finance the launching of the EIT. Thus, the 
proposed amount of EUR 308.7 million was incl uded in the financial programming of 
heading 1A10, leaving a margin of EUR 788.2 mill ion over the 2008-2013 period. However, 
no agreement was reached by Council and the Eu ropean Parliament, neither on the proposed 
source of financing nor on alte rnative financing solutions di scussed at various Trilogue 
meetings. The Commission thus sees no alternat ive to proposing to cover the financing needs 
for the EIT through an increase of the ceiling of  heading 1A by means of a revision of the 
financial framework. 
                                                 
7 COM(2006) 77, 22.2.2006. 
8 COM(2006) 276, 8.6.2006. 
9 COM(2006) 604, 18.10.2006. 
10 SEC(2007) 500, May 2007 – Document V of the Preliminary Draft Budget 2008 – Financial 
programming 2008-2013. 
 
EN 6   EN The profile of the additional commitments appr opriations required for the EIT, based on the 
amended financial statement11, is as follows: 
Commitment Appropriations 
(EUR million, current prices) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007-2013 
- additional commitments EIT funding 0 + 3 + 6 + 30 + 63 + 80 + 127 + 309 
2. S COPE FOR REALLOCATING EXPENDITURE UNDER THE CEILING OF HEADING 1A 
In accordance with Point 23 of the IIA, the Co mmission has analysed the possibilities to 
mobilise the additional financing needs of EUR 2,400 million for Galileo and EUR 309 
million for the EIT (that is EUR 2,709 million in total) under the current ceiling of heading 
1A. It appears that the programmes have all been adopted with thei r respective envelopes 
without possibility at  this stage to redeploy or  re-profile significantly the envelopes within the 
annual ceilings. As regards possibl e under-utilisation with respec t to appropriations, it is 
unrealistic to make any assumptions at this very early stage of th e programming period. 
However, the Commission proposes that EUR 300 million be made av ailable within the 
transport related research activities financed under the 7th Research Framework Programme12. 
Point 13 of the IIA provides that the institutions  are required to ensure that "sufficient 
margins" are left available beneath the ceilings. According to the latest financial 
programming13, and excluding the EIT financing, the margin amounts to a total of EUR 1,097 
million for the years 2008-2013, with most of it available towards the end of the period 
whereas Galileo requires most of the additiona l funding at the beginni ng of the period. The 
Commission concludes, with a view to Point 13  of the IIA, that the margins of heading 1A 
cannot be used to cover the additional financi ng needs of the Galileo programme and the EIT. 
3. S COPE FOR OFFSETTING THE RAISING OF ONE CEILING BY LOWERING ANOTHER 
CEILING  
After deduction of the EUR 300 mill ion for Galileo activities to be financed from the 7th 
Research Framework Programme, a financing gap of EUR 2,409 million n eeds to be filled. 
This amount can be provided by using th e margins of heading 2 "Preservation and 
Management of Natural Resources" and headi ng 5 "Administration" available in 2007 and 
2008.  
The current 2007 Budget and the Preliminar y Draft Budget (PDB) for 2008 result in 
substantial margins being avai lable under heading 2, respective ly EUR 2.1 billion in 2007 and 
EUR 2.5 billion in 2008. These margins are almost  entirely the result of the foreseeable 
execution within the sub-ceiling "Market relate d expenditure and direct payments" (EAGF). 
                                                 
11 SEC(2007) 1220. 
12 Title 06 of the budget. 
13 SEC(2007) 500, May 2007 – Document V of the Preliminary Draft Budget 2008 – Financial 
programming 2008-2013. 
 
EN 7   EN Up-to-date information on budget execution confir ms the availability of a margin of EUR 
2,100 million under heading 2 in 2007. Therefore it is considered that this ceiling can be 
lowered by an amount of EUR 1,689 million.  
With regard to the PDB 2008, the combined eff ect of favourable market conditions in the 
agricultural sector and assigned revenue carried over from 2007 to 2008 leads to an increase 
of the global margin under heading 2 compared  to the budget 2007. Overall, for heading 2, a 
margin of EUR 2,500 million is foreseen for 2008. At  this stage, the letter of amendment, 
which updates the figures of the draft budget 2008, is  not expected to redu ce this margin. The 
Commission considers thus that lowering th e annual ceiling for heading 2 by EUR 500 
million will leave a sufficient margin for 2008.  
Consequently, the Commission proposes to de crease the annual ceil ings for commitment 
appropriations under heading 2 by EUR 1,689 million for 2007 and by EUR 500 million for 
2008. 
In addition, the Commission proposes to decrease the ceilings of Headi ng 5 "Administration" 
by EUR 120 million in 2007 and by EUR 100 million in 2008, which to-date leaves a margin 
of EUR 16 million in 2007 and of EUR 70 million in 2008. 
The Commission thus proposes to increase the annual ceilings of heading 1 A for the years 
2008 to 2013 by a total amount of EUR 2,409 million to be offset by a decrease of the ceilings 
of headings 2 and 5 for the years 2007 and 2008.  
4. MAINTAINING AN APPROPRIATE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMMITMENTS AND 
PAYMENTS  
Point 23 of the IIA also requires that any revision must maintain an appropriate relationship 
between commitments and payments. 
Under the 2007 Budget and the 2008 PDB, the marg ins under the annual ceilings for payment 
appropriations amount to EUR 8,293 million and EUR 8,215 million respectively14. 
Consequently, the Commission proposes to offs et the increase in payment appropriations 
required for the financing of both programmes by a decrease of  payment appropriations in 
2007 and 2008. Based on the payment profiles foreseen for Galileo and the EIT in the respective (amended) financial statements , this  approach results in the following modification 
of the annual ceilings for payment appropriations: 
Total payment appropriations  
(EUR million, current prices) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007-
2013 
- current IIA ceiling 123 790 129 481 123 646 133 202 133 087 139 908 142 180 925 294 
- required modification  - 1 809 - 391 + 329 + 471 + 568 + 454  + 354 - 24
Overall, this modification is neutral in budgeta ry terms, taking into consideration additional 
payments of EUR 24 million arising after 2013 under the payment profile of the EIT. 
                                                 
14 The margin for the payments does not take into account the appropri ations related to the Emergency 
Aid Reserve (EUR 239.2 million) and to the staff contributions to the pension scheme (EUR 77 
million).  
 
EN 8   EN 5. OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED REVISION OF THE FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK  
The table below summarises the proposed changes to the ceilings in the financial framework. 
These amounts are expre ssed in current prices. 
Commitment appropriations (EUR million) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 total 
Heading 1A - Competitiveness for Growth 
and Employment - + 742 + 555 + 719 + 133 + 126 + 134 +2 409 
Financing of the EIT - + 3 + 6 + 30 + 63 + 80 + 127 + 309 
Financing of the Galileo programme *  + 739  + 549 + 689  + 70 + 46   + 7 +2100  
Heading 2 - Preservation and Management 
of Natural Resources  - 1 689  - 500  - - - - - - 2 189  
Heading 5 - Administration -120 -100 - - - - - - 220 
Total change in commitment 
appropriations - 1 809 + 142 + 555 + 719 + 133 + 126 + 134 0 
Total change in payment appropriations - 1 809 - 391 + 329 + 471 + 568  + 454  + 354 - 24 
 
* in addition € 300m  available within the 7th 
Research Framework Programme 
Total reinforcement for Galileo   50 
789 50 
599 
 50 
739 50 
120 50 
96  50 
57 300 
2400 
These changes result in the below financial fr amework table applicable  to 2008, incorporating 
the technical adjustment already made for 200815.  
The formal decision on the revision of the financ ial framework must refer to the basic table 
agreed in the IIA, which is expressed in cons tant 2004 prices. The amounts in current values 
are thus to be converted into 2004 prices by m eans of a fixed deflator of 2% a year, in 
accordance with Point 16 of the IIA. 
                                                 
15 Commission Communication on the technical adjustment of the financial framework for 2008 in line 
with movements in GNI - COM(2007) 208, 24.4.2007. 
 
EN 9   EN FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK 2007-2013 (revised) 
(EUR million – current prices) 
COMMITMENT APPROPRIATIONS 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Total
2007-2013
1. Sustainable Growth 54 405 57 478 59 752 61 863 63 734 66 766 69 812 433 810
1a Competitiveness for Growth and Employment 8 918 10 589 11 324 12 469 13 107 14 365 15 624 86 396
1b Cohesion for Growth and Employment 45 487 46 889 48 428 49 394 50 627 52 401 54 188 347 414
2. Preservation and Management of Natural Resources 56 662 58 300 59 252 59 726 60 191 60 663 61 142 415 936
of which: market related expenditure and direct payments 45 759 46 217 46 679 47 146 47 617 48 093 48 574 330 085
3. Citizenship, freedom, security and justice 1 273 1 362 1 523 1 693 1 889 2 105 2 376 12 221
3a Freedom, Security and Justice 637 747 872 1 025 1 206 1 406 1 661 7 554
3b Citizenship 636 615 651 668 683 699 715 4 667
4. EU as a global player 6 578 7 002 7 440 7 893 8 430 8 997 9 595 55 935
5. Administration (1)6 919 7 280 7 699 8 008 8 334 8 670 9 095 56 005
6. Compensations 445 207 210 862
TOTAL COMMITMENT APPROPRIATIONS 126 282 131 629 135 876 139 183 142 578 147 201 152 020 974 769
as a percentage of GNI 1.06% 1.06% 1.05% 1.03% 1.01% 1.00% 1.00% 1.03%
TOTAL PAYMENT APPROPRIATIONS 121 981 129 090 123 975 133 673 133 655 140 362 142 534 925 270
as a percentage of GNI 1.02% 1.04% 0.95% 0.99% 0.95% 0.96% 0.94% 0.98%
Margin available 0.22% 0.20% 0.29% 0.25% 0.29% 0.28% 0.30% 0.26%
Own Resources Ceiling as a percentage of GNI 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24%
(1) The expenditure on pensions included under the ceiling for this heading is calculated net of the staff contributions to the  relevant scheme, within the limit of € 500 million at 
2004 prices for the period 2007-2013.
 
EN 10   EN Proposal for a 
DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN P ARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL 
amending the Interinstitutional Agreement of 17 May 2006 on budgetary discipline and 
sound financial management as regards  the multiannual financial framework 
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE CO UNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 
Having regard to the Interinstitutional Ag reement of 17 May 2006 on budgetary discipline 
and sound financial management16, and in particular to Points 21, 22 and 23 thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission17, 
Whereas: (1) In 2004, the Commission s ubmitted a proposal for a Regulation on the implementation 
of the deployment and commercial operati ng phases of the European programme of 
satellite radionavigation
18 (Galileo). 
(2) The proposed Regulation foresaw an amount  of EUR 1.005 billion at current prices19 
provided from the Community budget to finance the deployment and operational 
phases of Galileo during the period from 2007 to 2013, whereas the remaining funding 
required was to be provided by the priv ate sector under a concession contract. 
(3) The negotiations for the conce ssion contract have failed to transfer at a reasonable cost 
the financing part of the Galileo programm e to be assumed by the private sector20.  
(4) Both the European Parliament and the C ouncil have reaffirmed the value of Galileo as 
a key project of the European Union and recognised the need for additional public funding
21. 
                                                 
16 OJ C 139, 14.6.2006, p. 1. 
17 COM(2007) 549, 19.9.2007. 
18 COM(2004) 477 final/2. 
19 EUR 900 million at 2004 prices. 
20 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European 
Economic and Social committee and the Committee of the Regions, "Galileo at a Cross-Road: The 
Implementation of the European GNSS Programmes" - COM(2007) 261, 16.5.2007 - and Council 
resolution on Galileo adopted on the 2805th Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Council 
meeting, Luxembourg, 6-8 June 2007. 
21 European Parliament resolution of 20 June 2007 on the financing of the European programme of 
satellite radionavigation (Galileo) under the Interinstitutional Agreement of 17 May 2006 and the 
multiannual financial framework 2007-2013 [PE 391.046, p. 51 – P6_TA-PROV(2007)0272] and above 
mentioned Council Resolution on Galileo. 
 
EN 11   EN (5) On 19 September 2007, the Commission has adopted a Communication to the 
European Parliament and the Council on "Progressing Galileo: Re-Profiling the 
European GNSS Programmes"22 and an amended proposal for a Regulation of the 
European Parliament and the Council on the continuation of the implementation of the 
European programmes of satellite  radionavigation (EGNOS and Galileo)23. 
(6) The additional public funding required fo r the deployment of fu ll operational capacity 
financed and procured by the public sector  amounts to EUR 2 400 million in current 
prices. 
(7) The Commission has presented a proposal for a Regulation estab lishing the European 
Institute of Technology (EIT)24 with a specific Community budget contribution of 
EUR 308.7 million in current prices for the fi nancing of the governin g structure of the 
EIT and of coordination activities of the "Knowledge and Innovation Communities". 
The financing of the EIT was not fores een when the negotiations on the current 
financial framework were concluded. 
(8) EUR 300 million can be made available within  the transport related research activities 
financed under the Seventh Research Framework Programme25. The remaining 
additional financing requirement for Galileo and the European Institute of Technology 
amounts to EUR 2 409 million, which requires raising the annual ceilings of heading 
1A for the years 2008 to 2013. 
(9) The required increase of the global ceiling of heading 1A can be offset by a decrease 
of the ceilings for headi ng 2 "Preservation and Manage ment of Natural Resources" 
and heading 5 "Administration" for the years 2007 and 2008. 
(10) Similarly, in order to keep an appr opriate relationship between commitments and 
payments, the annual ceilings for payment appropriations should be adjusted taking 
into account the margins available in 2007 and 2008. 
(11) Annex I of the Interinstitutional Ag reement on budgetary discipline and sound 
financial management should therefore be amended accordingly, 
HAVE DECIDED AS FOLLOWS: 
Sole Article 
Annex I to the Interinstitutional Agreement on budgetary discipline and sound financial 
management is replaced by the Annex to this Decision. 
                                                 
22 COM(2007) 534, 19.9.2007. 
23 COM(2007) 535, 19.9.2007. 
24 COM(2006) 604 final/2. 
25 Title 06 budget. 
 
EN 12   EN Done at Brussels,  
For the European Parliament For the Council 
The President The President   
 
EN 13   EN ANNEX  
FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK 2007-2013 (revised) 
(EUR million - 2004 prices)
COMMITMENT APPROPRIATIONS 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Total
2007-2013
1. Sustainable Growth 51 267 53 101 54 118 54 932 55 483 56 983 58 415 384 299
1a Competitiveness for Growth and Employment 8 404 9 783 10 256 11 072 11 410 12 260 13 073 76 258
1b Cohesion for Growth and Employment 42 863 43 318 43 862 43 860 44 073 44 723 45 342 308 041
2. Preservation and Management of Natural Resources 53 394 53 860 53 666 53 035 52 400 51 775 51 161 369 291
of which: market related expenditure and direct payments 43 120 42 697 42 279 41 864 41 453 41 047 40 645 293 105
3. Citizenship, freedom, security and justice 1 199 1 258 1 380 1 503 1 645 1 797 1 988 10 770
3a Freedom, Security and Justice 600 690 790 910 1 050 1 200 1 390 6 630
3b Citizenship 599 568 590 593 595 597 598 4 140
4. EU as a global player 6 199 6 469 6 739 7 009 7 339 7 679 8 029 49 463
5. Administration (1)6 520 6 726 6 973 7 111 7 255 7 400 7 610 49 800
6. Compensations 419 191 190 800
TOTAL COMMITMENT APPROPRIATIONS 118 998 121 605 123 066 123 590 124 122 125 634 127 203 864 218
as a percentage of GNI 1.10% 1.08% 1.07% 1.04% 1.03% 1.02% 1.01% 1.048%
TOTAL PAYMENT APPROPRIATIONS 114 945 119 259 112 288 118 698 116 355 119 798 119 266 820 609
as a percentage of GNI 1.06% 1.06% 0.97% 1.00% 0.97% 0.97% 0.95% 1.00%
Margin available 0.18% 0.18% 0.27% 0.24% 0.27% 0.27% 0.29% 0.24%
Own Resources Ceiling as a percentage of GNI 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24% 1.24%
(1) The expenditure on pensions included under the ceiling for this heading is calculated net of the staff contributions to the  relevant scheme, within the limit of € 500 million at 
2004 prices for the period 2007-2013.