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pif* COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
C0M(93) 513 final 
Brussels, 26 October 1993 
Proposal for a 
COUNCIL DECISION 
concerning the signing and notification of the provisional application 
of the International Cocoa Agreement 1993 
on behalf of the Conununlty and Its Member States 
(presented by the Commission) 
A <x-
FXPI ANATORY MEMORANDUM 
1. The negotiation of the International Cocoa Agreement 1993 was concluded 
on 16 July at the end of the fifth session of the negotiating conference. 
This International commodity agreement was negotiated on the basis of 
Resolution 93(IV) and the new "Cartagena Commitment" partnership for 
development and the relevant objectives In the "Spirit of Cartagena" 
adopted at the eighth UNCTAD Conference. 
2. The main objectives of the Agreement are as follows: 
(I) to promote and reinforce International cooperation In all 
sectors of the world cocoa economy; 
(II) to help stabilize the world cocoa market, In the Interests 
of all the members, by aiming to encourage the balanced 
development of the world cocoa economy-, 
(III) to facilitate the expansion of International trade in cocoa; 
(Iv) to ensure balanced supplies at reasonable prices which are 
fair to producers and consumers; 
(v) to promote transparent operation of the world cocoa economy. 
3. The main changes to the 1993 Agreement as compared with the 1986 one 
concern mainly the abolition of clauses on the setting of a price bracket 
and price regulation mechanisms (buffer stock/withdrawals). 
4. The new economic clauses are based on the establishment and observance by 
the exporting countries of plans for managing production with the medlum-
and long-term aim of achieving a lasting balance between world cocoa 
production and consumption. This production policy will be supplemented 
by activities aimed at examining consumer trends and prospects and 
avoiding any possible barriers to an Increase In production. 
5. The Community and the Member States participated In the negotiation of 
the Agreement In line with the common position laid down by the 
Council.1 The Member States acknowledged at the close of the 
negotiations that the objectives and content of the new Agreement were 
in accordance with this common position. 
See 6828/92 of 27 April 1992, Proba 20 and also the changes made by the 
Permanent Representatives Committee on 2 and 8 July 1992. 
!2J 
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6. The Agreement was open for signing from 16 August to 30 September 1993, 
the date on which the 1986 Agreement, which can no longer be renewed, 
expires. However, pursuant to a decision adopted by the International 
Cocoa Council at its 46th regular session held from 9 to 18 September 
1993, the period has been extended from 1 October 1993 to 28 February 
1994. The Commission proposes that the Community and Its Member States: 
should sign the 1993 Agreement as soon as possible; 
should declare their Intention of applying this Agreement 
provisionally. 
The draft decision attached at annex, which the Council Is requested to 
adopt, was drawn up to that end. 
Proposal for a Council Decision of ... 
concerning the signing and provisional application 
of the International Cocoa Agreement 1993 
on behalf of the Community and Its Member States 
The Council of the European Communities, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community and 
in particular Articles 113 and 116 thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, 
Whereas the International Cocoa Agreement 1993 negotiated on the basis of 
Resolution 93 (IV), the "new partnership for development: Cartagena 
Commitment" and the relevant objectives In the final document "Cartagena 
Spirit" adopted by the United Nations Trade and Development Conference at 
Its eighth session, is open for signing from 16 August to 30 September 1993; 
Whereas, pursuant to the decision adopted by the International Cocoa Council 
at its 46th regular session held In London from 9 to 18 September 1993, the 
period for signature, ratification, acceptance or approval of the 
International Cocoa Agreement 1993 has been extended from 1 October 1993 to 
28 February 1994; 
Whereas the International Cocoa Agreement 1986 expires on 30 September 1993 
and whereas the new Agreement must be applied as soon as possible; 
Whereas the objectives pursued by the Agreement fit into the context of the 
common commercial policy, 
Whereas the Agreement provides for the following means of financing: 
contributions from the Contracting Parties to the administrative 
budget ; 
voluntary contributions; 
contributions from Contracting Parties for carrying out production 
management plans and programmes; 
Whereas the application of this Agreement presupposes action by the 
Community and at the same time Joint action by the Member States; 
Whereas the Community and the Member States should sign the Agreement lodged 
with the Secretary-General of the United Nations and notify, by 
28 February 1994, their Intention to apply the new Agreement on a 
provisional basis; 
HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS: 
V o. -
Article 1 
1. By 28 February 1994 the Community and the Member States shall sign the 
International Cocoa Agreement 1993, which Is lodged with the United 
Nations Secretary-General. The text Is attached to this Decision. 
2. Once they have completed the requisite 
and Its Member States shall notify the 
Nations Organlsaton of their Intention 
Agreement 1993 on a provisional basis, 
56(2) of the Agreement. internal procedures, the Community 
Secretary General of the United 
to apply the International Cocoa 
In accordance with Articles 55 and 
Article 2 
The President of the Council Is hereby authorized to designate the person 
empowered to sign the Agreement and deposit the notification of provisional 
application on behalf of the Community. 
Done at Brussels, For the CounclI 
The President 
D ^ TD/COCOA.8/17 
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT 
Geneva 
INTERNATIONAL 
COCOA AGREEMENT, 1993 
UNITED NATIONS 
New York, 1993 
INTERNATIONAL COCOA AGREEMENT, 1993 
CONTENTS 
Article Page 
PART ONE; OBJECTIVES AND DEFINITIONS 
CHAPTER I. OBJECTIVES 
1. Objectives 4 
CHAPTER II. DEFINITIONS 
2. Definitions 4 
PART TWO: CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER III. MEMBERSHIP 
3. Membership in the Organization 7 
4. Membership by intergovernmental organizations 7 
CHAPTER IV. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION 
5. Establishment, headquarters and structure of the 
International Cocoa Organization 8 
6. Composition of the International Cocoa Council 8 
7. Powers and functions of the Council 8 
8. Chairman and Vice-chairmen of the Council 9 
9. Sessions of the Council 9 
10. Votes 10 
11. Voting procedure of the Council 11 
12. Decisions of the Council 11 
13. Cooperation with other organizations 12 
14. Admission of observers 12 
15. Composition of the Executive Committee 12 
16. Election of the Executive Committee 13 
17. Competence of the Executive Committee 13 
18. Voting procedure and decisions of the Executive Committee . . 14 
19. Quorum for the Council and the Executive Committee 15 
20. The staff of the Organization 15 
CHAPTER V. PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES 
21. Privileges and immunities 16 
GE.93-52870 (E) 
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Article Page 
PART THREE; FINANCIAL PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER VI. FINANCE 
22. Finance 17 
23. Liabilities of Members 17 
24. Approval of the administrative budget and assessment 
of contributions . . 17 
25. Payment of contributions to the administrative budget .... 18 
26. Audit and publication of accounts 19 
27. Relationship with the Common Fund for Commodities 19 
PART FOUR; ECONOMIC PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER VII. SUPPLY AND DEMAND 
28. Cooperation among Members 20 
29. Production 20 
30. Stocks 21 
31. Assurance of supplies and access to markets 21 
32. Consumption 22 
33. Cocoa substitutes 23 
34. Commercial transactions with non-members 24 
PART FIVE; MARKET-MONITORING AND RELATED PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER VIII. MARKET-MONITORING PROVISIONS 
35. Daily price 25 
36. Reporting of exports and imports . 25 
37. Conversion factors 26 
CHAPTER IX. INFORMATION, STUDIES AND RESEARCH 
38. Information 26 
39. Studies 27 
40. Scientific research and development . 27 
41. Annual review and report 27 
CHAPTER X. COOPERATION WITHIN THE COCOA ECONOMY 
42. Cooperation within the cocoa economy 27 
PART SIX; OTHER PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER XI. FINE OR FLAVOUR COCOA 
43. Fine or flavour cocoa 29 
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Article Page 
CHAPTER XII. RELIEF FROM OBLIGATIONS, AND 
DIFFERENTIAL AND REMEDIAL MEASURES 
44. Relief from obligations in exceptional circumstances 29 
45. Differential and remedial measures 30 
CHAPTER XIII. CONSULTATIONS, DISPUTES AND COMPLAINTS 
46. Consultations 30 
47. Disputes 30 
48. Complaints and action by the Council 31 
CHAPTER XIV. FAIR LABOUR STANDARDS 
49. Fair labour standards 32 
CHAPTER XV. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS 
50. Environmental aspects 32 
CHAPTER XVI. FINAL PROVISIONS 
51. Depositary 32 
52. Signature 32 
53. Ratification, acceptance, approval . 33 
54. Accession 33 
55. Notification of provisional application 33 
56. Entry into force 34 
57. Reservations 35 
58. Withdrawal .35 
59. Exclusion 35 
60. Settlement of accounts with withdrawing or excluded Members . 35 
61. Duration, extension and termination 36 
62. Amendments 36 
63. Supplementary and transitional provisions 37 
ANNEXES 
A. Exports of cocoa calculated for the purposes of article 56 
(Entry into force) 38 
B. Imports of cocoa calculated for the purposes of article 56 
(Entry into force) 40 
C. Producing countries exporting either exclusively or partially 
fine or flavour cocoa 43 
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PART ONE; OBJECTIVES AND DEFINITIONS 
CHAPTER I. OBJECTIVES 
Article 1 
Objectives 
The objectives of the International Cocoa Agreement, 1993 (hereinafter 
referred to as this Agreement), in the light of the resolution 93 (IV), of the 
New Partnership for Development: the Cartagena Commitment and of the relevant 
objectives contained in "The Spirit of Cartagena" adopted by the United 
Nations Conference on Trade and Development, are: 
(a) To promote the development and strengthening of international 
cooperation in all sectors of the world cocoa economy; 
(b) To contribute towards stabilization of the world cocoa market in 
the interest of all Members, by seeking, in particular: 
(i) To bring about the balanced development of the world cocoa 
economy by seeking to facilitate the necessary adjustments in 
production and to promote consumption so as to secure an 
equilibrium in the medium and long term between supply and 
demand; 
(ii) To assure adequate supplies at reasonable prices equitable to 
producers and consumers; 
(c) To facilitate the expansion of international trade in cocoa; 
(d) To promote transparency in the workings of the world cocoa economy 
through the collection, analysis and dissemination of relevant statistics and 
the undertaking of appropriate studies; 
(e) To promote scientific research and development in the field of 
cocoa; 
(f) To provide an appropriate forum for the discussion of all matters 
relating to the world cocoa economy. 
CHAPTER II. DEFINITIONS 
Article 2 
Definitions 
For the purposes of this Agreement: 
1. Cocoa means cocoa beans and cocoa products; 
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13» 
2. Cocoa products means products made exclusively from cocoa beans, such as 
cocoa paste/liquor, cocoa butter, unsweetened cocoa powder, cocoa cake and 
cocoa nibs, as well as any other products containing cocoa as the Council may 
determine ; 
3. Cocoa year means the period of 12 months from 1 October to 30 September 
inclusive; 
4. Contracting Party means a Government, or an intergovernmental 
organization as provided for in article 4, which has consented to be bound by 
this Agreement provisionally or definitively; 
5. Council means the International Cocoa Council referred to in article 6; 
6. Daily price is the representative indicator of the international price of 
cocoa used for the purposes of this Agreement and computed in accordance with 
the provisions of article 35; 
7. Entry into force means, except when qualified, the date on which this 
Agreement first enters into force, whether provisionally or definitively; 
8. Exporting country or exporting Member means a country or a Member 
respectively whose exports of cocoa, expressed in terms of beans exceed its 
imports. However, a country whose imports of cocoa expressed in terms of beans 
exceed its exports but whose production exceeds its imports may, if it so 
chooses, be an exporting Member; 
9. Export of cocoa means any cocoa which leaves the customs territory of any 
country, and import of cocoa means any cocoa which enters the customs 
territory of any country; provided that, for the purposes of these 
definitions, customs territory shall, in the case of a Member which comprises 
more than one customs territory, be deemed to refer to the combined customs 
territories of that Member; 
10. Fine or flavour cocoa means cocoa produced in countries designated as 
fine or flavour cocoa producers to the extent specified by the Council, in 
accordance with the provisions of article 43; 
11. Importing country or importing Member means a country or a Member 
respectively whose imports of cocoa expressed in terms of beans exceed its 
exports ; 
12. Member means a Contracting Party as defined above; 
13. Organization means the International Cocoa Organization referred to in 
article 5; 
14. Producing country means a country which grows cocoa in commercially 
significant quantities; 
15. Production-management plan means the plan provided for in article 29 as a 
means of keeping world production in balance with global consumption in the 
medium to long term; 
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16. Production-management programme means all measures and actions undertaken 
by an exporting Member to achieve the objectives of the production-management 
plan as referred to in article 29; 
17. Simple distributed majority vote means a majority of the votes cast by 
exporting Members and a majority of the votes cast by importing Members, 
counted separately; 
18. Special Drawing Right (SDR) means the Special Drawing Right of the 
International Monetary Fund; 
19. Special vote means two thirds of the votes cast by exporting Members and 
two thirds of the votes cast by importing Members, counted separately, on 
condition that at least five exporting Members and a majority of importing 
Members are present; 
20. Tonne means a mass of 1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds, and pound means 
453.597 grams. 
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PART TWO: CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER III. MEMBERSHIP 
Article 3 
Membership in the Organization 
1. Each Contracting Party shall be a Member of the Organization. 
2. There shall be two categories of Members of the Organization, namely: 
(a) Exporting Members; and 
(b) Importing Members. 
3. A Member may change its category on such conditions as the Council may 
establish. 
Article 4 
Membership by intergovernmental organizations 
1. Any reference in this Agreement to "a Government" or "Governments" shall 
be construed as including the European Economic Community and any 
intergovernmental organization having responsibilities in respect of the 
negotiation, conclusion and application of international agreements, in 
particular commodity agreements. Accordingly, any reference in this Agreement 
to signature, ratification, acceptance or approval, or to notification of 
provisional application, or to accession shall, in the case of such 
intergovernmental organizations, be construed as including a reference to 
signature, ratification, acceptance or approval, or to notification of 
provisional application, or to accession, by such intergovernmental 
organizations. 
2. In the case of voting on matters within their competence, such 
intergovernmental organizations shall vote with a number of votes equal to the 
total number of votes attributable to their member States in accordance with 
article 10. In such cases, the member States of such intergovernmental 
organizations shall not exercise their individual voting rights. 
3. Such organizations may participate in the Executive Committee on matters 
within their competence. 
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CHAPTER IV. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION 
Article 5 
Establishment, headquarters and structure of the 
International Cocoa Organization 
1. The International Cocoa Organization established by the International 
Cocoa Agreement, 1972, shall continue in being and shall administer the 
provisions and supervise the operation of this Agreement. 
2. The Organization shall function through: 
(a) The International Cocoa Council and the Executive Committee; 
(b) The Executive Director and other staff. 
3. The headquarters of the Organization shall be in London unless the 
Council, by special vote, decides otherwise. 
Article 6 
Composition of the International Cocoa Council 
1. The highest authority of the Organization shall be the International 
Cocoa Council, which shall consist of all the Members of the Organization. 
2. Each Member shall be represented on the Council by a representative and, 
if it so desires, by one or more alternates. Each Member may also appoint one 
or more advisers to its representative or alternates. 
Article 7 
Powers and functions of the Council 
1. The Council shall exercise all such powers and perform or arrange for the 
performance of all such functions as are necessary to carry out the express 
provisions of this Agreement. 
2. The Council shall not have power, and shall not be taken to have been 
authorized by the Members, to incur any obligation outside the scope of this 
Agreement; in particular it shall not have the capacity to borrow money. In 
exercising its capacity to contract, the Council shall incorporate in its 
contracts the terms of this provision and of article 23 in such a way as to 
bring them to the notice of the other parties entering into contracts with the 
Council, but any failure to incorporate such terms shall not invalidate such a 
contract or render it ultra vires the Council. 
3. The Council shall, by special vote, adopt such rules and regulations as 
are necessary to carry out the provisions of this Agreement and are consistent 
therewith, including its rules of procedure and those of its committees, and 
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the financial and staff regulations of the Organization. The Council may, in 
its rules of procedure, provide for a procedure whereby it may, without 
meeting, decide specific questions. 
4. The Council shall keep such records as are required for the performance 
of its functions under this Agreement, and such other records as it considers 
appropriate. 
5. The Council may set up any working group (s) as appropriate to assist it 
in carrying out its task. 
Article 8 
Chairman and Vice-chairmen of the Council 
1. The Council shall elect a Chairman and a first and a second 
Vice-chairman for each cocoa year, who shall not be paid by the Organization. 
2. Both the Chairman and the first Vice-Chairman shall be elected from among 
the representatives of the exporting Members or from among the representatives 
of the importing Members and the second Vice-chairman from among the 
representatives of the other category. These offices shall alternate each 
cocoa year between the two categories. 
3. In the temporary absence of both the Chairman and the two Vice-chairmen 
or the permanent absence of one or more of them, the Council may elect new 
officers from among the representatives of the exporting Members or from among 
the representatives of the importing Members, as appropriate, on a temporary 
or permanent basis as may be required. 
4. Neither the Chairman nor any other officer presiding at meetings of the 
Council shall vote. His alternate may exercise the voting rights of the 
Member which he represents. 
Article 9 
Sessions of the Council 
1. As a general rule, the Council shall hold one regular session in each 
half of the cocoa year. 
2. The Council shall meet in special session whenever it so decides or at 
the request of: 
(a) Any five Members; 
(b) A Member or Members having at least 200 votes; 
(c) The Executive Committee; or 
(d) The Executive Director, for the purposes of articles 22 and 58. 
- 9 -
3. Notice of sessions shall be given at least 30 calendar days in advance, 
except in case of emergency. 
4. Sessions shall be held at the headquarters of the Organization unless the 
Council, by special vote, decides otherwise. If, on the invitation of any 
Member, the Council meets elsewhere than at the headquarters of the 
Organization, that Member shall pay the additional costs involved. 
Article 10 
Votes 
1. The exporting Members shall together hold 1,000 votes and the importing 
Members shall together hold 1,000 votes, distributed within each category of 
Members - that is, exporting and importing Members, respectively - in 
accordance with the following paragraphs of this article. 
2. For each cocoa year, the votes of exporting Members shall be distributed 
as follows : each exporting Member shall have five basic votes. The remaining 
votes shall be divided among all the exporting Members in proportion to the 
average volume of their respective exports of cocoa in the preceding three 
cocoa years for which data have been published by the Organization in its 
latest issue of the Quarterly Bulletin of Cocoa Statistics. For this purpose, 
exports shall be calculated as net exports of cocoa beans plus net exports of 
cocoa products, converted to beans equivalent using the conversion factors as 
specified in article 37. 
3. For each cocoa year, the votes of importing Members shall be distributed 
as follows: 100 shall be divided equally to the nearest whole vote for each 
Member. The remaining votes shall be distributed on the basis of the 
percentage which the average of each importing Member's annual imports, in the 
preceding three cocoa years for which final figures are available in the 
Organization, represents in the total of the averages for all the importing 
Members. For this purpose, imports shall be calculated as net imports of 
cocoa beans plus gross imports of cocoa products, converted to beans 
equivalent using the conversion factors as specified in article 37. 
4. If for any reason, difficulties should arise in the determination or the 
up-dating of the statistical basis for the calculation of votes in accordance 
with the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article, the Council may, by 
special vote, decide on a different statistical basis for the calculation of 
votes. 
5. No Member shall have more than 400 votes. Any votes above this figure 
arising from the calculations in paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of this article shall 
be redistributed among the other Members on the basis of those paragraphs. 
6. When the membership in the Organization changes or when the voting rights 
of a Member are suspended or restored under any provision of this Agreement, 
the Council shall provide for the redistribution of votes in accordance with 
this article. 
7. There shall be no fractional votes. 
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Article 11 
Voting procedure of the Council 
1. Each Member shall be entitled to cast the number of votes it holds and no 
Member shall be entitled to divide its votes. A Member may, however, cast 
differently from such votes any votes which it is authorized to cast under 
paragraph 2 of this article. 
2. By written notification to the Chairman of the Council, any exporting 
Member may authorize any other exporting Member, and any importing Member may 
authorize any other importing Member, to represent its interests and to cast 
its votes at any meeting of the Council. In this case the limitation provided 
for in paragraph 5 of article 10 shall not apply. 
3. A Member authorized by another Member to cast the votes held by the 
authorizing Member under article 10 shall cast such votes in accordance with 
the instructions of the authorizing Member. 
Article 12 
Decisions of the Council 
1. All decisions of the Council shall be taken, and all recommendations 
shall be made, by a simple distributed majority vote unless this Agreement 
provides for a special vote. 
2. In arriving at the number of votes necessary for any of the decisions or 
recommendations of the Council, votes of Members abstaining shall not be taken 
into consideration. 
3. The following procedure shall apply with respect to any action by the 
Council which under this Agreement requires a special vote : 
(a) If the required majority is not obtained because of the negative 
vote of three or less exporting or three or less importing Members, the 
proposal shall, if the Council so decides by a simple distributed majority 
vote, be put to a vote again within 48 hours; 
(b) If the required majority is again not obtained because of the 
negative vote of two or less exporting or two or less importing Members, the 
proposal shall, if the Council so decides by a simple distributed majority 
vote, be put to a vote again within 24 hours; 
(c) If the required majority is not obtained in the third vote because 
of the negative vote cast by one exporting or one importing Member, the 
proposal shall be considered adopted; 
(d) If the Council fails to put a proposal to a further vote, it shall 
be considered rejected. 
4. Members undertake to accept as binding all decisions of the Council under 
the provisions of this Agreement. 
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Article 13 
Cooperation with other organizations 
1. The Council shall make whatever arrangements are appropriate for 
consultation or cooperation with the United Nations and its organs, in 
particular the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, and with 
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and such other 
specialized agencies of the United Nations and intergovernmental organizations 
as may be appropriate. 
2. The Council, bearing in mind the particular role of the United Nations 
Conference on Trade and Development in international commodity trade, shall, 
as appropriate, keep that organization informed of its activities and 
programmes of work. 
3. The Council may also make whatever arrangements are appropriate for 
maintaining effective contact with international organizations of cocoa 
producers, traders and manufacturers. 
4. The Council shall seek to involve the international financial agencies 
and other parties with an interest in the world cocoa economy in its work on 
cocoa production and consumption policy. 
Article 14 
Admission of observers 
1. The Council may invite any non-member State to attend any of its meetings 
as an observer. 
2. The Council may also invite any of the organizations referred to in 
article 13 to attend any of its meetings as an observer. 
Article 15 
Composition of the Executive Committee 
1. The Executive Committee shall consist of ten exporting Members and ten 
importing Members. If, however, either the number of exporting Members or the 
number of importing Members in the Organization is less than ten the Council 
may, while maintaining parity between the two categories of Members, decide, 
by special vote, the total number on the Executive Committee. Members of the 
Executive Committee shall be elected for each cocoa year in accordance with 
article 16 and may be re-elected. 
2. Each elected Member shall be represented on the Executive Committee by a 
representative and, if it so desires, by one or more alternates. Each such 
Member may also appoint one or more advisers to its representative or 
alternates. 
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(4) 
3. The Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the Executive Committee, elected for 
each cocoa year by the Council, shall both be chosen from among the 
representatives of the exporting members or from among the representatives of 
the importing members. These offices shall alternate each cocoa year between 
the two categories of members. In the temporary or permanent absence of the 
Chairman and the Vice-chairman, the Executive Committee may elect new officers 
from among the representatives of the exporting members or from among the 
representatives of the importing members, as appropriate, on a temporary or 
permanent basis as may be required. Neither the Chairman nor any other 
officer presiding at meetings of the Executive Committee may vote. His 
alternate may exercise the voting rights of the member which he represents. 
4. The Executive Committee shall meet at the headquarters of the 
Organization unless, by special vote, it decides otherwise. If, on the 
invitation of any Member, the Executive Committee meets elsewhere than at the 
headquarters of the Organization, that Member shall pay the additional costs 
involved. 
Article 16 
Election of the Executive Committee 
1. The exporting and importing members of the Executive Committee shall be 
elected in the Council by the exporting and importing Members respectively. 
The election within each category shall be held in accordance with 
paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article. 
2. Each Member shall cast all the votes to which it is entitled under 
article 10 for a single candidate. A Member may cast for another candidate 
any votes which it is authorized to cast under paragraph 2 of article 11. 
3. The candidates receiving the largest number of votes shall be elected. 
Article 17 
Competence of the Executive Committee 
1. The Executive Committee shall be responsible to, and work under the 
general direction of, the Council. 
2. The Executive Committee shall keep the market under continuous review and 
recommend to the Council such measures as it may consider advisable. 
3. Without prejudice to the right of the Council to exercise any of its 
powers, the Council may, by a simple distributed majority vote or a special 
vote, depending on whether a decision by the Council on the subject requires a 
simple distributed majority vote or a special vote, delegate to the Executive 
Committee the exercise of any of its powers, except the following: 
(a) Redistribution of votes under article 10; 
(b) Approval of the administrative budget and assessment of 
contributions under article 24; 
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(c) Revision of the list of producers of fine or flavour cocoa under 
article 43; 
(d) Relief from obligations under article 44; 
(e) Decision of disputes under article 47; 
(f) Suspension of rights under paragraph 3 of article 48; 
(g) Establishment of conditions for accession under article 54; 
(h) Exclusion of a Member under article 59; 
(i) Extension or termination of this Agreement under article 61; 
(j) Recommendation of amendments to Members under article 62. 
4. The Council may at any time, by a simple distributed majority vote, 
revoke any delegation of powers to the Executive Committee. 
Article 18 
Voting procedure and decisions 
of the Executive Committee 
1. Each member of the Executive Committee shall be entitled to cast the 
number of votes received by it under the provisions of article 16, and no 
member of the Executive Committee shall be entitled to divide its votes. 
2. Without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article and by 
written notification to the Chairman, any exporting or importing Member which 
is not a member of the Executive Committee and which has not cast its votes 
under paragraph 2 of article 16 for any of the Members elected may authorize 
any exporting or importing member of the Executive Committee, as appropriate, 
to represent its interests and to cast its votes in the Executive Committee. 
3. In the course of any cocoa year a Member may, after consultation with the 
member of the Executive Committee for which it voted under article 16, 
withdraw its votes from that member. The votes thus withdrawn may be 
reassigned to another exporting or importing member of the Executive 
Committee, as appropriate, but may not be withdrawn from this member for the 
remainder of that cocoa year. The member of the Executive Committee from 
which the votes have been withdrawn shall nevertheless retain its seat on the 
Executive Committee for the remainder of that cocoa year. Any action taken 
pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph shall become effective after the 
Chairman has been informed in writing thereof. 
4. Any decision taken by the Executive Committee shall require the same 
majority as that decision would require if taken by the Council. 
5. Any Member shall have the right of appeal to the Council against any 
decision of the Executive Committee. The Council shall prescribe, in its 
rules of procedure, the conditions under which such appeal may be made. 
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Article 19 
Quorum for the Council and the Executive Committee 
1. The quorum for the opening meeting of any session of the Council shall be 
constituted by the presence of at least five exporting Members and a majority 
of importing Members, provided that such Members together hold in each 
category at least two thirds of the total votes of the Members in that 
category. 
2. If there is no quorum in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article on 
the day appointed for the opening meeting of any session, on the second day, 
and throughout the remainder of the session, the quorum for the opening 
session shall be constituted by the presence of exporting and importing 
Members holding a simple majority of the votes in each category. 
3. The quorum for meetings subsequent to the opening meeting of any session 
pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article shall be that prescribed in 
paragraph 2 of this article. 
4. Representation in accordance with paragraph 2 of article 11 shall be 
considered as presence. 
5. The quorum for any meeting of the Executive Committee shall be prescribed 
by the Council in the rules of procedure of the Executive Committee. 
Article 20 
The staff of the Organization 
1. The Council, after consulting the Executive Committee, shall appoint the 
Executive Director by special vote. The terms of the appointment of the 
Executive Director shall be fixed by the Council in the light of those 
applying to corresponding officials of similar intergovernmental 
organizations. 
2. The Executive Director shall be the chief administrative officer of the 
Organization and shall be responsible to the Council for the administration 
and operation of this Agreement in accordance with the decisions of the 
Council. 
3. The staff of the Organization shall be responsible to the Executive 
Director, who in turn shall be responsible to the Council. 
4. The Executive Director shall appoint the staff in accordance with 
regulations to be established by the Council. In drawing up such regulations, 
the Council shall have regard to those applying to officials of similar 
intergovernmental organizations. Staff appointments shall be made in so far 
as is practicable from nationals of exporting and importing Members. 
5. Neither the Executive Director, nor any other member of the staff, shall 
have any financial interest in the cocoa industry, the cocoa trade, cocoa 
transportation or cocoa publicity. 
- 15 -
6. In the performance of their duties, the Executive Director and the other 
members of the staff shall not seek or receive instructions from any Member or 
from any other authority external to the Organization. They shall refrain 
from any action which might reflect on their position as international 
officials responsible only to the Organization. Each member undertakes to 
respect the exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the 
Executive Director and the staff and not to seek to influence them in the 
discharge of their responsibilities. 
7. No information concerning the operation or administration of this 
Agreement shall be revealed by the Executive Director or the other members of 
the staff of the Organization, except as may be authorized by the Council or 
as is necessary for the proper discharge of their duties under this Agreement. 
CHAPTER V. PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES 
Article 21 
Privileges and immunities 
1. The Organization shall have legal personality. It shall in particular 
have the capacity to contract, to acquire and dispose of movable and immovable 
property and to institute legal proceedings. 
2. The status, privileges and immunities of the Organization, of its 
Executive Director, its staff and experts and of representatives of Members 
whilst in the territory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern 
Ireland for the purpose of exercising their functions, shall continue to be 
governed by the Headquarters Agreement concluded between the Government of the 
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (hereinafter referred to 
as the host Government) and the International Cocoa Organization in London on 
26 March 1975, with such amendments as are necessary for the proper 
functioning of this Agreement. 
3. If the headquarters of the Organization is moved to another country, the 
new host Government shall, as soon as possible, conclude with the Organization 
a headquarters agreement to be approved by the Council. 
4. The Headquarters Agreement referred to in paragraph 2 of this article 
shall be independent of this Agreement. It shall, however, terminate: 
(a) By agreement between the host Government and the Organization; 
(b) In the event of the headquarters of the Organization being moved 
from the territory of the host Government; or 
(c) In the event of the Organization ceasing to exist. 
5. The Organization may conclude with one or more other Members agreements 
to be approved by the Council relating to such privileges and immunities as 
may be necessary for the proper functioning of this Agreement. 
- 16 -
PART THREE: FINANCIAL PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER VI. FINANCE 
Article 22 
Finance 
1. There shall be kept an administrative account for the administration of 
this Agreement. The expenses necessary for the administration of this 
Agreement shall be brought into the administrative account and shall be met by 
annual contributions from Members assessed in accordance with article 24. If, 
however, a Member requests special services, the Council may decide to accede 
to the request and shall require that Member to pay for them. 
2. The Council may establish a separate account for the purposes of 
article 40. This account shall be financed through voluntary contributions 
from Members or other bodies. 
3. The financial year of the Organization shall be the same as the cocoa 
year. 
4. The expenses of delegations to the Council, to the Executive Committee 
and to any of the Committees of the Council or of the Executive Committee 
shall be met by the Members concerned. 
5. If the financial position of the Organization is or appears likely to be 
insufficient to finance the remainder of the cocoa year, the Executive 
Director shall call a special session of the Council within 20 working days 
unless the Council is otherwise scheduled to meet within 30 calendar days. 
Article 23 
Liabilities of Members 
A Member's liability to the Council and to other Members is limited to 
the extent of its obligations regarding contributions specifically provided 
for in this Agreement. Third parties dealing with the Council shall be deemed 
to have notice of the provisions of this Agreement regarding the powers of the 
Council and the obligations of the Members, in particular, paragraph 2 of 
article 7 and the first sentence of this article. 
Article 24 
Approval of the administrative budget and 
assessment of contributions 
1. During the second half of each financial year, the Council shall approve 
the administrative budget of the Organization for the following financial 
year, and shall assess the contribution of each Member to that budget. 
- 17 -
2. The contribution of each Member to the administrative budget for each 
financial year shall be in the proportion which the number of its votes at the 
time the administrative budget for that financial year is approved bears to 
the total votes of all the Members. For the purpose of assessing 
contributions, the votes of each Member shall be calculated without regard to 
the suspension of any Member's voting rights and any redistribution of votes 
resulting therefrom. 
3. The initial contribution of any Member joining the Organization after the 
entry into force of this Agreement shall be assessed by the Council on the 
basis of the number of votes to be held by that Member and the period 
remaining in the current financial year, but the assessment made upon other 
Members for the current financial year shall not be altered. 
4. If this Agreement enters into force before the beginning of the first 
full financial year, the Council shall, at its first session, approve an 
administrative budget covering the period up to the commencement of the first 
full financial year. 
Article 25 
Payment of contributions to the administrative budget 
1. Contributions to the administrative budget for each financial year shall 
be payable in freely convertible currencies, shall be exempt from foreign 
exchange restrictions and shall become due on the first day of that financial 
year. Contributions of Members in respect of the financial year in which they 
join the Organization shall be due on the date on which they become Members. 
2. Contributions to the administrative budget approved under paragraph 4 of 
article 24 shall be payable within three months of the date of assessment. 
3. If, at the end of five months after the beginning of the financial year 
or, in the case of a new Member, three months after the Council has assessed 
its contribution, a Member has not paid its full contribution to the 
administrative budget, the Executive Director shall request that Member to 
make payment as quickly as possible. If, at the expiration of two months 
after the request of the Executive Director, that Member has still not paid 
its contribution, the voting rights of that Member in the Council and the 
Executive Committee shall be suspended until such time as it has made full 
payment of the contribution. 
4. A Member whose voting rights have been suspended under paragraph 3 of 
this article shall not be deprived of any of its other rights or relieved of 
any of its obligations under this Agreement unless the Council, by special 
vote, decides otherwise. It shall remain liable to pay its contribution and 
to meet any other financial obligations under this Agreement. 
5. The Council may consider the question of membership of any Member with 
two years contributions unpaid, and by special vote may decide that this 
Member shall cease to enjoy the rights of membership and/or cease to be 
assessed for budgetary purposes. It shall remain liable to meet any other of 
its financial obligations under this Agreement. By payment of the arrears the 
- 18 -
Member will regain the rights of membership. Any payments made by Members in 
arrears will be credited first to those arrears, rather than to current 
contributions. 
Article 26 
Audit and publication of accounts 
1. As soon as possible, but not later than six months after the close of 
each financial year, the statement of the Organization's accounts for that 
financial year and the balance sheet at the close of that financial year under 
the accounts referred to in article 22 shall be audited. The audit shall be 
carried out by an independent auditor of recognized standing in cooperation 
with two qualified auditors from member Governments, one from exporting 
Members and one from importing Members, to be elected by the Council for each 
financial year. The auditors from Member Governments shall not be paid by the 
Organization for their professional services. However, travel and subsistence 
costs may be reimbursed by the Organization under terms and conditions to be 
determined by the Council. 
2. The terms of appointment of the independent auditor of recognized 
standing, as well as the intentions and objectives of the audit, shall be laid 
down in the financial regulations of the Organization. The audited statement 
of the Organization's accounts and the audited balance sheet shall be 
presented to the Council at its next regular session for approval. 
3. A summary of the audited accounts and balance sheet shall be published. 
Article 27 
Relationship with the Common Fund For Commodities 
1. The Organization shall take full advantage of the facilities of the 
Common Fund for Commodities. 
2. In respect of the implementation of any project funded under the Second 
Account of the Common Fund for Commodities, the Organization, as a designated 
International Commodity Body, shall hot incur any financial obligation 
including for guarantees given by individual Members or other entities. 
Neither the Organization, nor any Member by reason of its membership in the 
Organization shall be responsible for any liability arising from borrowing or 
lending by any other Member or entity in connection with such projects. 
- 19 -
PART FOUR: ECONOMIC PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER VII. SUPPLY AND DEMAND 
Article 28 
Cooperation among Members 
1. Members recognize the importance of ensuring the greatest possible growth 
of the cocoa economy and therefore of co-ordinating their efforts to encourage 
the balanced development of production and consumption so as to secure the 
best equilibrium between supply and demand. They shall cooperate fully with 
the Council in the attainment of this objective. 
2. The Council shall identify the obstacles to the harmonious development 
and the dynamic expansion of the cocoa economy and shall seek mutually 
acceptable practical measures designed to overcome these obstacles. Members 
shall endeavour to apply the measures elaborated and recommended by the 
Council. 
3. The Organization shall collect and keep up to date the available 
information needed to establish, in the most reliable way, the world's current 
and potential consumption and production capacity. In this respect, Members 
shall cooperate fully with the Organization. 
Article 29 
Production 
1. In order to deal with the problem of market imbalances in the medium and 
long term, and in particular the problem of structural overproduction, the 
exporting Members undertake to abide by a production-management plan designed 
to achieve a lasting equilibrium between world production and consumption. 
The plan shall be drawn up by the producing countries in a Production 
Committee set up for this purpose by the Council. 
2. The Committee shall be composed of all exporting and importing Member 
countries. However, all decisions of the Production Committee related to the 
product ion-management plan and programmes shall be taken by the exporting 
Members participating in the Committee subject to the provisions of 
article 43. 
3. The Committee's terms of reference shall be, in particular: 
(a) To coordinate the policies and programmes decided on by each 
producing country, taking into account the production-management plan drawn up 
by the Committee; 
(b) To identify and recommend the application of any measures and 
activities, including where appropriate diversification, likely to help re­
establish a lasting equilibrium between world cocoa supply and demand as soon 
as possible. 
- 20 -
4. The Council shall adopt at its first session following the entry into 
force of this Agreement annual forecasts of world production and consumption 
for a period corresponding at least to the lifetime of this Agreement. The 
Executive Director shall provide the data necessary for the preparation of 
these forecasts. The forecasts thus adopted by the Council shall be reviewed 
and revised if necessary every year. The Committee shall fix indicative 
figures for annual levels of global production necessary to achieve and 
maintain equilibrium between supply and demand in accordance with the aims of 
this Agreement. The factors to be taken into consideration shall include the 
expected variations in production and consumption in accordance with movements 
in real prices and the estimated variations in stock levels. 
5. In the light of the indicative figures fixed by the Committee under 
paragraph 4 of this article, the exporting Members shall as a group implement 
the production-management plan in order to achieve global equilibrium between 
supply and demand in the medium and long term. Each exporting Member shall 
draw up a programme for the adjustment of its production enabling the 
objectives set in this article to be achieved. Each exporting Member shall be 
responsible for the policies, methods and controls it applies to implement its 
production programme and shall inform the Committee regularly of any policies 
and programmes recently introduced or abandoned and of their results. 
6. The Production Committee shall follow and monitor the implementation of 
the production-management plan and programmes. 
7. The Committee shall submit detailed reports to each regular session of 
the Council, on the basis of which the Council shall review the general 
situation, in particular assessing the movement of global supply and demand in 
the light of the provisions of this article. The Council may make 
recommendations to Members on the basis of this assessment. 
8. The financing of the production-management plan and programmes shall be 
borne by the exporting Members, with the exception of the costs related to the 
normal administrative services required by the functions of the Production 
Committee. 
9. Each exporting Member shall be responsible for the financing of the 
implementation of its production-management programme. 
10. Any exporting Member or institution may contribute to the joint financing 
of activities formulated by the Production Committee. 
11. The Committee shall draw up its own rules and regulations. 
12. The Executive Director shall assist the Committee as required. 
Article 30 
Stocks 
l. To facilitate the evaluation of world cocoa stocks and to ensure greater 
transparency of the market, Members shall provide the Executive Director, by 
- 21 -
not later than the end of May of each year, with information to which they 
have access on stocks of cocoa as at the end of the previous cocoa year held 
in their respective countries. 
2. On the basis of this information, the Executive Director shall submit to 
the Council for consideration at least once a year a detailed report on world 
cocoa stocks. The Council may thereafter make appropriate recommendations to 
Members. 
3. The Council shall establish a working group to assist it in respect of 
the implementation of the provisions of this article. 
Article 31 
Assurance of supplies and access to markets 
Members shall conduct their trade policies having regard to the 
objectives of this Agreement, so that those objectives may be attained. In 
particular, they recognize that regular supplies of cocoa and regular access 
to their markets are essential for both importing and exporting Members. 
Article 32 
Consumption 
1. All Members shall endeavour to take all practicable measures which may be 
necessary to encourage the expansion of cocoa consumption in their own 
countries. Each Member shall be responsible for the means and methods it 
employs for that purpose. In particular, however, Members, especially 
importing Members, shall endeavour to remove or reduce substantially domestic 
obstacles to the expansion of cocoa consumption and to encourage efforts 
designed to identify and develop new uses for cocoa. In this regard, Members 
shall inform the Executive Director, at least once every cocoa year, of 
pertinent domestic regulations and measures and other information concerning 
cocoa consumption, including domestic taxes and customs tariffs. 
2. The Council shall establish a Consumption Committee whose aim shall be to 
review trends and prospects of cocoa consumption and to identify the obstacles 
to the expansion of cocoa consumption in both exporting and importing 
countries. 
3. The terms of reference of the Committee shall be in particular the 
following: 
(a) To monitor and evaluate trends in cocoa consumption and programmes 
instituted in individual countries or groups of countries and which may affect 
global consumption of cocoa; 
(b) To identify obstacles affecting the expansion of cocoa consumption; 
(c) To investigate and encourage the development of the potential for 
cocoa consumption, particularly in non-traditional markets; 
- 22 -
(d) To promote, where appropriate, research into new uses for cocoa in 
cooperation with appropriate competent organizations and institutions. 
4. Membership of the Consumption Committee shall be open to all Members of 
the Council. 
5. The Committee shall draw up its own rules and regulations. 
6. The Executive Director shall assist the Committee as required. 
7. On the basis of a detailed report presented by the Committee, the Council 
shall review at each ordinary session the general situation regarding cocoa 
consumption, evaluating particularly the development of global demand. The 
Council may make recommendations to Members based on this evaluation. 
8. The Council may establish sub-committees to promote specific 
cocoa-consumption programmes. Participation in the sub-committees shall be 
voluntary and shall be limited to those countries which contribute to the cost 
of these programmes. Any country or institution may contribute to the 
promotion programmes in accordance with modalities to be established by the 
Council. The sub-committees shall seek the approval of a country before 
conducting a promotion campaign in the territory of that country. 
Article 33 
Cocoa substitutes 
1. Members recognize that the use of substitutes may prejudice the expansion 
of cocoa consumption. In this regard, they agree to establish regulations on 
cocoa products and chocolate or to adapt existing regulations, if necessary, 
so that the said regulations shall prohibit materials of non-cocoa origin from 
being used in place of cocoa to mislead the consumer. 
2. In preparing or reviewing regulations based on the principles in 
paragraph 1 of this article, Members shall take fully into account the 
recommendations and decisions of competent international bodies such as the 
Council and the Codex Committee on Cocoa Products and Chocolate. 
3. The Council may recommend to a Member that it take any measures which the 
Council considers advisable for assuring the observance of the provisions of 
this article. 
4. The Executive Director shall present an annual report to the Council on 
the development of the situation in this area and on the manner in which the 
provisions of this article are being observed. 
2 3 
Article 34 
Commercial transactions with non-members 
1. Exporting Members undertake not to sell cocoa to non-members on terms 
commercially more favourable than those which they are prepared to offer at 
the same time to importing Members, taking into account normal trade 
practices. 
2. Importing Members undertake not to buy cocoa from non-members on terms 
commercially more favourable than those which they are prepared to accept at 
the same time from exporting Members, taking into account normal trade 
practices. 
3 . The Council shall periodically review the operation of paragraphs 1 and 2 
of this article and may require members to supply appropriate information in 
accordance with article 38. 
4. Any Member which has reason to believe that another Member has not 
fulfilled the obligation under paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 of this article may 
so inform the Executive Director and call for consultations under article 46, 
or refer the matter to the Council under article 48. 
- 24 -
PART FIVE: MARKET-MONITORING AND RELATED PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER VIII. MARKET-MONITORING PROVISIONS 
Article 35 
Daily price 
1. For the purposes of this Agreement and, in particular, for monitoring the 
evolution of the cocoa market, the Executive Director shall compute and 
publish a daily price of cocoa beans. This price shall be expressed in 
Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) per tonne. 
2. The daily price shall be the average taken daily of the quotations for 
cocoa beans of the nearest three active future trading months on the London 
Cocoa Terminal Market and on the New York Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange at 
the time of the London close. The London prices shall be converted into 
United States dollars per tonne by using the current six months forward rate 
of exchange in London at closing time. The United States dollar-denominated 
average of the London and New York prices shall be converted into its 
SDR equivalent at the appropriate daily official United States 
dollar/SDR exchange rate published by the International Monetary Fund. The 
Council shall decide the method of calculation to be used when the quotations 
on only one of these two cocoa markets are available or when the London 
Foreign Exchange Market is closed. The time for shift to the next three-month 
period shall be the fifteenth of the month immediately preceding the nearest 
active maturing month. 
3. The Council may, by special vote, decide on any other method of computing 
the daily price if it considers such other method to be more satisfactory than 
that prescribed in this article. 
Article 36 
Reporting of exports and imports 
1. The Executive Director shall, in accordance with rules established by the 
Council, maintain a record of Members' exports and imports of cocoa. 
2. For this purpose, each Member shall report to the Executive Director the 
quantities of its exports of cocoa by country of destination and the 
quantities of its imports of cocoa by country of origin, at such intervals as 
the Council may determine, together with such other data as the Council may 
prescribe. 
3. The Council shall establish such rules as it deems necessary to deal with 
non-compliance with the provisions of this article. 
- 25 
Article 37 
Conversion factors 
1. For the purpose of determining the beans equivalent of cocoa products, 
the following shall be the conversion factors: cocoa butter 1.33; cocoa cake 
and powder 1.18; cocoa paste/liquor and nibs 1.25. The Council may determine, 
if necessary, that other products containing cocoa are cocoa products. The 
conversion factors for cocoa products other than those for which conversion 
factors are set out in this paragraph shall be fixed by the Council. 
2. The Council may, by special vote, revise the conversion factors in 
paragraph 1 of this article. 
CHAPTER IX. INFORMATION, STUDIES AND RESEARCH 
Article 38 
Information 
1. The Organization shall act as a centre for the efficient collection, 
exchange and dissemination of: 
(a) Statistical information on world production, prices, exports and 
imports, consumption and stocks of cocoa; and 
(b) In so far as is considered appropriate, technical information on 
the cultivation, processing and utilization of cocoa. 
2. In addition to information which Members are required to provide under 
other articles of this Agreement, the Council may request Members to provide 
such information as it considers necessary for its operations, including 
regular reports on policies for production and consumption, prices, exports 
and imports, stocks and taxation. 
3. If a Member fails to supply, or finds difficulty in supplying, within a 
reasonable time, statistical and other information required by the Council for 
the proper functioning of the Organization, the Council may require the Member 
concerned to explain the reasons therefor. If it is found that technical 
assistance is needed in the matter, the Council may take any necessary 
measures in that regard. 
4. The Council shall at appropriate times, but not less than twice in any 
cocoa year, publish estimates of production of cocoa beans and grindings for 
that cocoa year. 
- 26 
Article 3 9 
Studies 
The Council shall, to the extent it considers necessary, promote studies 
of the economics of cocoa production and distribution, including trends and 
projections, the impact of governmental measures in exporting and importing 
countries on the production and consumption of cocoa, the opportunities for 
expansion of cocoa consumption for traditional and possible new uses, and the 
effects of the operation of this Agreement on exporters and importers of 
cocoa, including their terms of trade, and may submit recommendations to 
Members on the subject of these studies. In the promotion of these studies, 
the Council may cooperate with international organizations and other 
appropriate institutions. 
Article 40 
Scientific research and development 
The Council may encourage and promote scientific research and development 
in areas of cocoa production, processing and consumption as well as the 
dissemination and practical application of the results obtained in this field. 
To this end, the Council may cooperate with international organizations and 
research institutions. 
Article 41 
Annual review and report 
1. The Council shall, as soon as practicable after the end of each cocoa 
year, review the operation of this Agreement and the performance of Members in 
conforming to the principles and promoting the objectives thereof. It may 
then make recommendations to Members regarding ways and means of improving the 
functioning of this Agreement. 
2. The Council shall publish an annual report. This report shall include a 
section on the annual review for which provision is made in paragraph 1 of 
this article, and any other information as the Council considers appropriate. 
CHAPTER X. COOPERATION WITHIN THE COCOA ECONOMY 
Article 42 
Cooperation within the cocoa economy 
1. The Council shall encourage Members to seek the views of experts in cocoa 
matters. 
- 27 -
2. In fulfilling their obligations under this Agreement, Members shall 
conduct their activities in a manner consonant with the established channels 
of trade and shall take due account of the legitimate interests of all sectors 
of the cocoa economy. 
3. Members shall not interfere with the arbitration of commercial disputes 
between cocoa buyers and sellers if contracts cannot be fulfilled because of 
regulations established in order to implement this Agreement, nor place 
impediments in the way of the conclusion of arbitration proceedings. The 
requirement that Members comply with the provisions of this Agreement shall 
not be accepted as grounds for non-fulfilment of contract or as a defence in 
such cases. 
- 28 -
PART SIX: OTHER PROVISIONS 
CHAPTER XI. FINE OR FLAVOUR COCOA 
Article 43 
Fine or flavour cocoa 
1. The Council shall, at its first session following the entry into force of 
this Agreement, review annex C and, by special vote, revise it, determining 
the proportions in which the countries listed therein produce and export 
exclusively or partially fine or flavour cocoa. Thereafter, the Council may 
at any time during the lifetime of this Agreement review annex C and, if 
necessary, revise it by special vote. The Council shall seek expert advice on 
this matter, as appropriate. 
2. The provisions of this Agreement concerning the implementation of the 
production-management plan and financing of its operations shall not apply to 
the fine or flavour cocoa of any exporting Member whose production is 
exclusively of fine or flavour cocoa. 
3 . Paragraph 2 of this article shall also apply in the case of any exporting 
Member part of whose production consists of fine or flavour cocoa, to the 
extent of the proportion of its production comprising fine or flavour cocoa.. 
With regard to the remaining portion, the provisions of this Agreement 
concerning the production-management plan shall apply. 
4. If the Council finds that the production of, or export from these 
countries has risen sharply, it shall take appropriate steps to ensure that 
the provisions of this article are being properly applied. If it is found 
that these provisions are not being properly applied, the country concerned 
shall, by special vote of the Council, be deleted from annex C and shall be , 
subject to all restrictions and obligations prescribed in this Agreement. 
5. Exporting Members which produce exclusively fine or flavour cocoa shall 
not vote on issues relating to the implementation of the production-management 
plan, except in the case of the sanction referred to in paragraph 4 regarding 
the revision of annex C. 
CHAPTER XII. RELIEF FROM OBLIGATIONS, AND 
DIFFERENTIAL AND REMEDIAL MEASURES 
Article 44 
Relief from obligations in exceptional circumstances 
1. The Council may, by special vote, relieve a Member of an obligation on 
account of exceptional or emergency circumstances, force majeure, or 
international obligations under the Charter of the United Nations for 
territories administered under the trusteeship system. 
29 -
2. The Council, in granting relief to a Member under paragraph 1 of this 
article, shall state explicitly the terms and conditions on which and the 
period for which the Member is relieved of the obligation and the reasons for 
which the relief is granted. 
3. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this article, the Council 
shall not grant relief to a Member in respect of the obligation under 
article 25 to pay contributions, or the consequences of a failure to pay them. 
Article 45 
Differential and remedial measures 
Developing importing Members, and least developed countries which are 
Members, whose interests are adversely affected by measures taken under this 
Agreement may apply to the Council for appropriate differential and remedial 
measures. The Council shall consider taking such appropriate measures in the 
light of the provisions of resolution 93 (IV) adopted by the United Nations 
Conference on Trade and Development. 
CHAPTER XIII. CONSULTATIONS, DISPUTES AND COMPLAINTS 
Article 46 
Consultations 
Each Member shall accord full and due consideration to any 
representations made to it by another Member concerning the interpretation or 
application of this Agreement and shall afford adequate opportunity for 
consultations. In the course of such consultations, on the request of either 
party and with the consent of the other, the Executive Director shall 
establish an appropriate conciliation procedure. The costs of such procedure 
shall not be chargeable to the Organization. If such procedure leads to a 
solution, this shall be reported to the Executive Director. If no solution is 
reached, the matter may, at the request of either party, be referred to the 
Council in accordance with article 47. 
Article 47 
Disputes 
1. Any dispute concerning the interpretation or application of this 
Agreement which is not settled by the parties to the dispute shall, at the 
request of either party to the dispute, be referred to the Council for 
decision. 
2. When a dispute has been referred to the Council under paragraph 1 of this 
article and has been discussed, Members holding not less than one third of the 
total votes, or any five Members, may require the Council, before giving its 
decision, to seek the opinion on the issues in dispute of an ad hoc advisory 
panel to be constituted as described in paragraph 3 of this article. 
- 30 
3. (a) Unless the Council by special vote decides otherwise, the ad hoc 
advisory panel shall consist of: r;; 
(i) Two persons, one having wide experience in matters of the 
kind in dispute and the other having legal standing and 
experience, nominated by the exporting Members; 
(ii) Two persons, one having wide experience in matters of the 
kind in dispute and the other having legal standing and 
experience, nominated by the importing Members; 
(iii) A chairman selected unanimously by the four persons 
nominated under (i) and (ii) above or, if they fail to agree, 
by the Chairman of the Council. 
(b) Nationals of Members shall not be ineligible to serve on the ad hoc 
advisory panel. 
(c) Persons appointed to the ad hoc advisory panel shall act in their 
personal capacities and without instructions from any Government. 
(d) The costs of the ad hoc advisory panel shall be paid by the 
Organization. 
4. The opinion of the ad hoc advisory panel and the reasons therefor shall 
be submitted to the Council, which, after considering all the relevant 
information, shall decide the dispute. 
Article 48 
Complaints and action by the Council 
1. Any complaint that any Member has failed to fulfil its obligations under 
this Agreement shall, at the request of the Member making the complaint, be 
referred to the Council, which shall consider it and take a decision on the 
matter. 
2. Any finding by the Council that a Member is in breach of its obligations 
under this Agreement shall be made by a simple distributed majority vote and 
shall specify the nature of the breach. 
3. Whenever the Council, whether as a result of a complaint or otherwise, 
finds that a Member is in breach of its obligations under this Agreement, it 
may, without prejudice to such other measures as are specifically provided for 
in other articles of this Agreement, including article 59, by special vote: 
(a) Suspend that Member's voting rights in the Council and in the 
Executive Committee; and 
(b) If it considers it necessary, suspend additional rights of such 
Member, including that of being eligible for, or of holding, office in the 
Council or in any of its committees, until it has fulfilled its obligations. 
- 31 -
4. A Member whose voting rights are suspended under paragraph 3 of this 
article shall remain liable for its financial artd other obligations under this 
Agreement. 
CHAPTER XIV. FAIR LABOUR STANDARDS 
Article 49 
Fair labour standards 
Members declare that, in order to raise the levels of living of 
populations and provide full employment, they will endeavour to maintain fair 
labour standards and working conditions in the various branches of cocoa 
production in the countries concerned, consistent with their stage of 
development, as regards both agricultural and industrial workers employed 
therein. 
CHAPTER XV. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS 
Article 50 
Environmental aspects 
Members shall give due consideration to the sustainable management of 
cocoa resources and processing, bearing in mind the principles on sustainable 
development agreed at the eighth session of the United Nations Conference on 
Trade and Development and the United Nations Conference on Environment and 
Development. 
CHAPTER XVI. FINAL PROVISIONS 
Article 51 
Depositary 
The Secretary-General of the United Nations is hereby designated as the 
depositary of this Agreement. 
Article 52 
Signature 
This Agreement shall be open for signature at United Nations Headquarters 
from 16 August 1993 until and including 30 September 1993 by parties to the 
International Cocoa Agreement, 1986, and Governments invited to the 
United Nations Cocoa Conference, 1992. The Council under the International 
Cocoa Agreement, 1986, or the Council under this Agreement may, however, 
extend the period of signature of this Agreement. The Council shall 
immediately notify the depositary of any such extension. 
- 32 -
Article 53 
Ratification, acceptance, approval 
1. This Agreement shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or approval 
by the signatory Governments in accordance with their respective 
constitutional procedures. 
2. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited 
with the depositary not later than 30 September 1993. The Council under the 
International Cocoa Agreement, 1986, or the Council under this Agreement may, 
however, grant extensions of time to signatory Governments which are unable to 
deposit their instruments by that date. 
3. Each Government depositing an instrument of ratification, acceptance or 
approval shall, at the time of such deposit, indicate whether it is an 
exporting Member or an importing Member. 
Article 54 
Accession 
1. This Agreement shall be open to accession by the Government of any State 
upon conditions to be established by the Council. 
2. The Council of the International Cocoa Agreement, 1986, may, pending the 
entry into force of this Agreement, establish the conditions referred to in . 
paragraph 1 of this article, subject to confirmation by the Council of this 
Agreement. 
3 . In establishing the conditions referred to in paragraph 1 of this 
article, the Council shall determine under which of the annexes to this 
Agreement the acceding State is to be deemed to be listed, if such State is 
not listed in any of these annexes. 
4. Accession shall be effected by deposit of an instrument of accession with 
the depositary. 
Article 55 
Notification of provisional application 
1. A signatory Government which intends to ratify, accept or approve this 
Agreement or a Government for which the Council has established conditions for 
accession, but which has not yet been able to deposit its instrument, may at 
any time notify the depositary that, in accordance with its constitutional 
procedures and/or its domestic laws and regulations, it will apply this 
Agreement provisionally either when it enters into force in accordance with 
article 56 or, if it is already in force, at a specified date. Each 
Government giving such notification shall at that time state whether it will 
be an exporting Member or an importing Member. 
33 -
2. A Government which has notified under paragraph 1 of this article that it 
will apply this Agreement either when it enters into force or at a specified 
date shall, from that time, be a provisional Member. It shall remain a 
provisional Member until the date of deposit of its instrument of 
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. 
Article 56 
Entry into force 
1. This Agreement shall enter into force definitively on 1 October 1993 or 
any time thereafter if by such date Governments representing at least five 
exporting countries accounting for at least 80 per cent of the total exports 
of countries listed in annex A and Governments representing importing 
countries having at least 60 per cent of total imports as set out in annex B 
have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or 
accession with the depositary. It shall also enter into force definitively 
once it has entered into force provisionally and these percentage requirements 
are satisfied by the deposit of instruments of ratification, acceptance, 
approval or accession. 
2. If this Agreement has not entered into force definitively in accordance 
with paragraph 1 of this article, it shall enter into force provisionally on 
1 October 1993 if by such date Governments representing at least five 
exporting countries accounting for at least 80 per cent of the total exports 
of countries listed in annex A and Governments representing importing 
countries having at least 60 per cent of total imports as set out in annex B 
have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or 
accession, or have notified the depositary that they will apply this Agreement 
provisionally when it enters into force. Such Governments shall be 
provisional Members. 
3. If the requirements for entry into force under paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 
of this article have not been met by 1 October 1993, the Secretary-General of 
the United Nations shall, at the earliest time practicable, convene a meeting 
of those Governments which have deposited instruments of ratification, 
acceptance, approval or accession, or have notified the depositary that they 
will apply this Agreement provisionally. These Governments may decide whether 
to put this Agreement into force definitively or provisionally among 
themselves, in whole or in part, on such date as they may determine or to 
adopt any other arrangement as they may deem necessary. However, the economic 
provisions of this Agreement relating to the production-management plan shall 
not be put into force unless Governments representing at least five exporting 
countries accounting for at least 80 per cent of the total exports of 
countries listed in annex A have deposited their instruments of ratification, 
acceptance, approval or accession, or have notified the depositary that they 
will apply this Agreement provisionally when it enters into force. 
4. For a Government on whose behalf an instrument of ratification, 
acceptance, approval or accession or a notification of provisional application 
is deposited after the entry into force of this Agreement in accordance with 
paragraph 1, paragraph 2 or paragraph 3 of this article, the instrument or 
'- 34 
notification shall take effect on the date of such deposit and, with regard to 
notification of provisional application, in accordance with the provisions of 
paragraph 1 of article 55. 
Article 57 
Reservations 
Reservations may not be made with respect to any of the provisions of 
this Agreement. 
Article 58 
Withdrawal 
1. At any time after the entry into force of this Agreement, any Member may 
withdraw from this Agreement by giving written notice of withdrawal to the 
depositary. The Member shall immediately inform the Council of the action it 
has taken. 
2. Withdrawal shall become effective 90 days after the notice is received by 
the depositary. If, as a consequence of withdrawal, membership in this 
Agreement falls below the requirements provided for in paragraph 1 of 
article 56 for its entry into force, the Council shall meet in special session 
to review the situation and to take appropriate decisions. 
Article 59 
Exclusion 
If the Council finds, under paragraph 3 of article 48, that any Member is 
in breach of its obligations under this Agreement and decides further that * 
such breach significantly impairs the operation of this Agreement, it may, by 
special vote, exclude such Member from the Organization. The Council shall 
immediately notify the depositary of any such exclusion. Ninety days after 
the date of the Council's decision, that Member shall cease to be a Member of 
the Organization. 
Article 60 
Settlement of accounts with withdrawing or excluded Members 
The Council shall determine any settlement of accounts with a 
withdrawing or excluded Member. The Organization shall retain any amounts 
already paid by a withdrawing or excluded Member, and such Member shall remain 
bound to pay any amounts due from it to the Organization at the time the 
withdrawal or the exclusion becomes effective, except that, in the case of a 
Contracting Party which is unable to accept an amendment and consequently 
ceases to participate in this Agreement under the provisions of paragraph 2 of 
article 62, the Council may determine any settlement of accounts which it 
finds equitable. 
- 35 -
Article 61 
Duration, extension and termination 
1. This Agreement shall remain in force until the end of the fifth full 
cocoa year after its entry into force, unless extended under paragraph 3 of 
this article, or terminated earlier under paragraph 4 of this article. 
2. While this Agreement is in force, the Council may, by special vote, 
decide to renegotiate it with a view to having the renegotiated agreement 
enter into force at the end of the fifth cocoa year referred to in paragraph 1 
of this article, or at the end of any period of extension decided upon by the 
Council under paragraph 3 of this article. 
3. The Council may, by special vote, extend this Agreement in whole or in 
part for two periods not exceeding two cocoa years each. The Council shall 
notify the depositary of any such extension. 
4. The Council may at any time, by special vote, decide to terminate this 
Agreement. Such termination shall take effect on such date as the Council 
shall decide, provided that the obligations of Members under article 25 shall 
continue until the financial liabilities relating to the operation of this 
Agreement have been discharged. The Council shall notify the depositary of 
any such decision. 
5. Notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement by any means 
whatsoever, the Council shall remain in being for as long as necessary to 
carry out the liquidation of the Organization, settlement of its accounts and 
disposal of its assets, and shall have during that period such powers and 
functions as may be necessary for these purposes. 
6. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2 of article 58, a Member 
which does not wish to participate in this Agreement as extended under this 
article shall so inform the Council. Such Member shall cease to be a party to 
this Agreement from the beginning of the period of extension. 
Article 62 
Amendments 
1. The Council may, by special vote, recommend an amendment of this 
Agreement to the Contracting Parties. The amendment shall become effective 
100 days after the depositary has received notifications of acceptance from 
Contracting Parties representing at least 75 per cent of the exporting Members 
holding at least 85 per cent of the votes of the exporting Members, and from 
Contracting Parties representing at least 75 per cent of the importing Members 
holding at least 85 per cent of the votes of the importing Members, or on such 
later date as the Council may, by special vote, have determined. The Council 
may fix a time within which Contracting Parties shall notify the depositary of 
their acceptance of the amendment, and, if the amendment has not become 
effective by such time, it shall be considered withdrawn. 
* - 36 -
2. Any Member on behalf of which notification of acceptance of an amendment 
has not been made by the date on which such amendment becomes effective shall 
as of that date cease to participate in this Agreement, unless the Council 
decides to extend the period fixed for acceptance for such Member to enable it 
to complete its internal procedures. Such Member shall not be bound by the 
amendment before it has notified its acceptance thereof. 
3. Immediately upon adoption of a recommendation for an amendment the 
Council shall communicate to the depositary copies of the text of the 
amendment. The Council shall provide the depositary with the information 
necessary to determine whether the notifications of acceptance received are 
sufficient to make the amendment effective. 
Article 63 
Supplementary and transitional provisions 
1. This Agreement shall be considered as a replacement of the International 
Cocoa Agreement, 1986. 
2. All acts by or on behalf of the Organization or any of its organs under 
the International Cocoa Agreement, 1986, which are in effect on the date of 
entry into force of this Agreement and the terms of which do not provide for 
expiry on that date shall remain in effect unless changed under the provisions 
of this Agreement. 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have 
affixed their signatures under this Agreement on the dates indicated. > 
DONE at Geneva, this sixteenth day of July, one thousand nine hundred and 
ninety-three. The texts of this Agreement in the Arabic, Chinese, English, 
French, Russian and Spanish languages shall be equally authentic. 
- 37 -
ANNEXES 
Annex A 
a/ Exports of cocoa"' calculated for the purposes of 
article 56 (Entry into force) 
Country b/ 
Côte d'Ivoire 
Ghana 
Brazil 
Malaysia 
Nigeria 
Indonesia 
Cameroon 
Ecuador 
Dominican Republic 
Papua New Guinea 
Colombia 
Venezuela 
Sierra Leone 
Togo 
Mexico 
Peru 
Equatorial Guinea 
Solomon Islands 
Zaire 
Sao Tome and Principe 
Madagascar 
Haiti 
Honduras 
Liberia 
Vanuatu 
United Republic of 
Tanzania 1989/90 1990/91 1991/92 Average 
Three-year period 
1989/90-1991/92 
(thousand tonnes) 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 736.4 
254.5 
270.0 
226.0 
142.8 
100.0 
123.1 
105.1 
53.3 
40.8 
9.4 
8.4 
5.3 
6.1 
8.0 
4.8 
7.6 
3.6 
3.6 
2.8 
2.5 
2.8 
2.0 
4.5 
2.2 
2.0 803.9 
265.1 
277.9 
211.2 
147.2 
130.3 
109.1 
102.1 
37.1 
33.4 
10.1 
10.0 
13.4 
9.3 
1.6 
5.2 
5.2 
4.1 
3.4 
2.6 
2.5 
1.9 
3.0 
2.0 
2.2 
2.5 729.5 
284.8 
220.2 
211.2 
105.5 
164.8 
106.8 
80.9 
43.4 
40.9 
8.6 
7.7 
7.3 
8.0 
11.9 
6.4 
3.5 
3.5 
3.2 
2.6 
2.9 
2.6 
2.3 
0.5 
2.3 
2.0 756.60 
268.13 
256.03 
216.13 
131.83 
131.70 
113.00 
96.03 
44.60 
38.37 
9.37 
8.70 
8.67 
7.80 
7.17 
5.47 
5.43 
3.73 
3.40 
2.67 
2.63 
2.43 
2.43 
2.33 
2.23 
2.17 Share 
35.37% 
12.54% 
11.97% 
10.10% 
6.16% 
6.16% 
5.28% 
4.49% 
2.09% 
1.79% 
0.44% 
0.41% 
0.41% 
0.36% 
0.34% 
0.26% 
0.25% 
0.17% 
0.16% 
0.12% 
0.12% 
0.11% 
0.11% 
0.11% 
0.10% 
0.10% 
38 -
Country b/ 
Costa Rica 
Jamaica 
Gabon 
Trinidad and Tobago 
Grenada 
Bolivia 
Congo 
Uganda 
Fiji 
Samoa 
Panama 
Sri Lanka 
Guatemala 
Nicaragua 
Dominica 
Suriname 
Total s./ 1989/90 1990/91 1991/92 Average 
Three-year period 
1989/90-1991/92 
(thousand tonnes) 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 2.9 
1.3 
1.6 
1.4 
1.1 
1.4 
0.9 
0.2 
0.3 
0.5 
0.3 
0.1 
0.1 
0.1 
-
0.1 
2139.90 1.2 
1.3 
1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.3 
0.3 
0.6 
0.2 
-
0.1 
0.2 
-0.1 
0.1 
-
-
2205.20 1.2 
1.8 
1.4 
0.9 
0.7 
0.1 
0.7 
0.6 
0.3 
-
0.1 
-
0.3 
-
0.1 
-
2071.50 1.77 
1.47 
1.47 
1.17 
0.97 
0.93 
0.63 
0.47 
0.27 
0.17 
0.17 
0.10 
0.10 
0.07 
0.03 
0.03 
2138.87 Share 
0.08% 
0.07% 
0.07% 
0.05% 
0.05% 
0.04% 
0.03% 
0.02% 
0.01% 
0.01% 
0.01% 
- • 
-
-
- ;._ 
-
100.00% 
Notes : a/ Three-year average, 1989/90 - 1991/92 of net exports of cocoa 
beans plus net exports of cocoa products converted to beans 
equivalent using the following conversion factors: cocoa 
butter 1.33; cocoa powder and cake 1.18; cocoa paste/liquor 
1.25. 
b/ List restricted to countries which individually exported, on 
average, 10 tonnes or more in the three-year period 1989/90 
to 1991/92, based on information available to the ICCO 
Secretariat. 
ç/ Totals may differ from the sum of constituents due to 
rounding. 
m Member of the International Cocoa Agreement, 1986 (as 
extended), as at 22 June 1993. 
nil, negligible or less than the unit employed. 
Source: International Cocoa Organization, Ouarterlv Bulletin of Cocoa 
Statistics. Vol. XIX, No. 2 (March 1993). 
- 39 
Annex B 
.a/ Imports of cocoatt/ calculated for the purposes of 
article 56 (Entry into force) 
Country or territory b/ 
United States of 
America 
Germany c/ 
Netherlands 
United Kingdom 
France 
Belgium/Luxembourg 
Italy 
Japan 
Spain 
Singapore 
Russian Federation d/ 
Canada 
Switzerland 
Australia 
Poland 
Austria 
China 
Argentina 
Ireland 
Sweden 
Hungary 
Yugoslavia 
Korea, Republic of 
South Africa 
Turkey 
Greece 
Czech Republic e/ 
Norway 
Philippines f_/ m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 1989/90 1990/91 1991/92 Average 
Three-year period 
1989/90-1991/92 
(thousand tonnes) 
612.2 
376.7 
313.5 
189.9 
165.0 
92.7 
79.6 
79.9 
60.6 
77.3 
86.2 
52.1 
44.1 
33.3 
23.3 
25.5 
19.2 
9.0 
18.7 
18.0 
14.5 
11.3 
11.2 
11.9 
9.6 
13.3 
8.2 
9.4 
10.2 602.0 
409.2 
327.9 
214.7 
187.0 
98.3 
86.0 
84.7 
66.3 
46.5 
70.2 
51.2 
43.9 
33.3 
31.0 
27.3 
28.6 
26.3 
17.0 
19.2 
16.1 
15.3 
13.1 
12.5 
12.1 
11.8 
10.9 
9.3 
10.7 679.1 
402.3 
268.0 
228.0 
183.7 
108.4 
97.4 
79.0 
72.6 
59.6 
14.6 
58.7 
45.8 
35.1 
28.6 
25.6 
30.4 
27.5 
20.3 
17.1 
11.5 
15.4 
12.6 
10.8 
13.1 
9.0 
13.1 
9.7 
6.9 631.10 
396.07 
303.13 
210.87 
178.57 
99.80 
87.67 
81.20 
66.50 
61.13 
57.00 
54.00 
44.60 
33.90 
27.63 
26.13 
26.07 
20.93 
18.67 
18.10 
14.03 
14.00 
12.30 
11.73 
11.60 
11.37 
10.73 
9.47 
9.27 Share 
23.74% 
14.90% 
11.40% 
7.93% 
6.72% 
3.75% 
3.30% 
3.05% 
2.50% 
2.30% 
2.14% 
2.03% 
1.68% 
1.28% 
1.04% 
0.98% 
0.98% 
0.79% 
0.70% 
0.68% 
0.53% 
0.53% 
0.46% 
0.44% 
0.44% 
0.43% 
0.40% 
0.36% 
0.35% 
-'40 -
Country or territory b/ 
Finland 
Denmark 
Romania 
New Zealand 
Israel 
Thailand 
Chile 
Slovakia e/ 
Portugal 
Bulgaria 
Egypt 
Uruguay 
Syrian Arab Republic 
Kenya 
Algeria 
Tunisia 
Morocco 
Iran, Islamic Republic 
of 
Hong Kong 
Saudi Arabia 
Iceland 
Lebanon 
El Salvador 
Jordan 
Cyprus 
Zimbabwe 
Iraq 
India 
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 
Malta 
Other former USSR d/ 
Total g/ m 
m 
m 
m 1989/90 1990/91 1991/92 Average 
Three-year period 
1989/90-1991/92 
(thousand tonnes) 
8.7 
7.3 
7.7 
6.4 
5.0 
4.6 
4.0 
4.1 
4.0 
5.2 
0.5 
1.9 
1.6 
1.3 
1.1 
0.8 
0.8 
0.9 
0.6 
0.4 
0.7 
0.4 
0.8 
0.5 
0.3 
0.1 
0.6 
-0.1 
0.2 
0.1 
47.6 
2594.5 8.1 
9.0 
7.0 
8.2 
6.8 
6.3 
6.4 
5.4 
5.8 
4.8 
4.8 
3.2 
2.3 
1.2 
1.5 
1.1 
0.8 
0.4 
0.4 
0.7 
0.6 
1.0 
0.8 
0.7 
0.4 
0.2 
-
-0.1 
0.3 
0.1 
22.4 
2693.0 8.9 
8.3 
6.9 
5.6 
6.0 
6.4 
6.5 
6.6 
5.6 
4.1 
4.4 
2.7 
3.1 
1.0 
0.8 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.4 
1.2 
0.7 
0.6 
0.3 
0.3 
0.4 
0.6 
0.2 
0.9 
0.1 
0.1 
16.8 
2688.5 8.57 
8.20 
7.20 
6.73 
5.93 
5.77 
5.63 
5.37 
5.13 
4.70 
3.23 
2.60 
2.33 
1.17 
1.13 
1.10 
1.00 
0.87 
0.80 
0.77 
0.67 
0.67 
0.63 
0.50 
0.37 
0.30 
0.27 
0.23 
0.20 
0.10 
28.93 
2658.67 Share 
0.32% 
0.31% 
0.27% 
0.25% 
0.22% 
0.22% 
0.21% 
0.20% 
0.19% 
0.18% 
0.12% 
0.10% 
0.09% 
0.04% 
0.04% 
0.04% 
0.04% 
0.03% 
0.03% 
0.03% 
0.03% 
0.03% 
0.02% 
0.02% 
0.01% 
0.01% 
0.01% 
0.01% 
0.01% 
-
1.09% 
100.00% 
- 41 
Notes : a/ Three-year average, 1989/90 - 1991/92 of net imports of cocoa 
beans plus gross imports of cocoa products converted to beans 
equivalent using the following conversion factors: cocoa 
butter 1.33; cocoa powder and cake 1.18; cocoa paste/liquor 
1.25. 
b/ List restricted to countries which individually imported, on 
average, 10 tonnes or more in the three-year period 1989/90 to 
1991/92, based on information available to the ICCO 
Secretariat. 
c/ Statistics relate to the aggregate imports of the Federal 
Republic of Germany and the former German Democratic Republic, 
appropriately adjusted for estimated intra-German trade. 
d/ Provisional estimates for the Russian Federation based on data 
supplied by the delegation. Data for "Other former USSR" are 
computed by subtracting the data for the Russian Federation 
from the totals for the former USSR. 
e/ Provisional estimates based on statistics for the former 
Czechoslovakia. These were divided between the Czech Republic 
and Slovakia in the ratio 2 to 1 in favour of the former. 
f/ Philippines may also qualify as an exporting country. 
g/ Totals may differ from the sum of constituents due to rounding. 
m Member of the International Cocoa Agreement, 1986 (as 
extended), as at 22 June 1993. 
nil, negligible or less than the unit employed 
Source ; International Cocoa Organization, Quarterly Bulletin of Cocoa 
Statistics. Vol. XIX, No. 2 (March 1993) and ICCO Secretariat 
estimates. 
,- 42 -
Annex C 
Producing countries exporting either exclusively 
or partially fine or flavour cocoa 
Costa Rica Saint Lucia 
Dominica Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 
Ecuador Samoa 
Grenada Sao Tome and Principe 
Indonesia Sri Lanka 
Jamaica Suriname 
Madagascar Trinidad and Tobago 
Panama Venezuela 
Papua New Guinea 
- 43 -
ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(93)513final 
DOCUMENTS 
EN 1102 
Catalogue number : CB-CO-93-546-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-59962-6 
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 
LP2985 Luxembourg