COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 13.06.1997 
COM(97) 226 final 
REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION 
Monitoring the Common 
Fisheries Policy 
1995 

CONTENTS 
I. INTRODUCTION 
IL MONITORING RESOURCES AND THEIR DEPLOYMENT 
1. Monitoring Resources 
2. Monitoring Activities 
3. Assessment 
III. MODERN TECHNOLOGIES 
1. Satellite monitoring 
2. Catch Reporting by Computer Transmission 
IV. COMMUNITY FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION 
V. CONCLUSIONS 
Annex I Member State Profiles 
Annex II Tables 
I. INTRODUCTION 
This report is made in response to a formal obligation (Article 35 of Council Regulation 
(EEC) No 2847/93) and to an overriding need for transparency. It is the second exercise of 
its kind, and surveys monitoring activities in 1995. 
The present report supplements the Report on Monitoring the Common Fisheries Policy 
(doc(96) 100 final of 18.03.1996) (hereinafter referred to as the first report) which did not 
include Finland and Sweden which acceded to the European Union in 1995. Therefore, the 
present report provides comprehensive reports on the monitoring system in those Member 
States together with an evaluation by the Commission. The present report also updates and 
consolidates the first report. 
In 1995, the Council adopted a new five-year programme extending the granting of a 
financial contribution from the Community for certain expenditure incurred by Member 
States for monitoring the Common Fisheries Policy. In addition to funding of means of 
inspection (surveillance vessels, aircraft) this programme provides for funding of actions 
such as use of new technology, joint inspection between Member States as well as training 
and exchange of inspectors (chapters III and IV). 
As m the first report and for the same reasons, fisheries monitoring in third country waters 
and in the NAFO framework is not covered. 
- 3 -
II. MONITORING RESOURCES AND THEIR DEPLOYMENT 
1. MONITORING RESOURCES 
The resources available in the Member States are summarized in Table 1. These resources 
should allow the authorities concerned to meet the need for monitoring and surveillance of 
fishing activities in the geographical area for which they are competent. Several Member 
States have few specialised equipment to meet their monitoring obligations, despite the 
availability of Community financing to upgrade their means of control. In addition to the 
resources available, the organization of the system of inspection (effort, catches, structure, 
markets, imports) together with an adequate surveillance strategy constitute the fundamental 
elements of an effective fisheries control system. The organisation of monitoring, control 
and surveillance differs considerably from one Member State to another. In most Member 
States several government departments which also have tasks not related to fisheries, are 
involved in fisheries control. A broad range of types of organisation can be observed in this 
respect. The involvement of different authorities such as fisheries control, coast guard, 
customs, police and veterinarian inspection may result in inefficiencies and ineffective 
control activities.. It appears to the Commission that when a broad range of organizations are 
involved it is much more difficult to achieve an integrated approach to fisheries monitoring. 
2. MONITORING ACTIVITIES 
Most Member States have compiled statistics on their activities. Table 2 shows the number 
of port inspections and the number of inspections offshore, compared with the total size of 
the vessels in the fleet. This table shows that there are differences in the level of inspection 
between the various Member States. One reason for the differences can be attributed to the 
variance in definitions of what is considered as an inspection. This may range from a simple 
sighting to a detailed verification of compliance with all relevant rules. Any comparison of 
number should, therefore, be interpreted with some care. 
An essential aspect of the monitoring of fisheries is cooperation between Member States. 
Fishermen, in pursuing transboundery stocks operate under the jurisdiction of several 
Member States and may land fish in another Member State which could allow them to profit 
from any weaknesses in the inspection systems of different Member States. 
4 -
Member States have stressed the need for more and better coordination and cooperation 
between them. Where appropriate, the Commission will provide the platform for such 
enhanced cooperation. An example of successful cooperation is the monitoring of the 
driftnet fishery. However, this exercise showed the need for further improved cooperation in 
order to reduce the costs of such actions. A full account of this operation is given in the 
Report on the enforcement of community legislation concerning the use of driftnets in 1995 in 
the North East Atlantic and the Mediterranean (doc. SEC(95) 2259 final of 14.12.95). 
3. ASSESSMENT 
In its first report, the Commission provided an assesment concerning the monitoring of the 
different components of the Common Fisheries Policy. In addition, the Report on the 
application of the Community system for fisheries and aquaculture (doc. COM(96) 363 final 
of 22.07.1996) describes the main conclusions concerning the implementation of the control 
system applicable to the Common Fisheries Policy. At this stage it is appropriate to note the 
shortcomings described in the above reports as well as delays in the implementation of the 
new control provisions. 
The Commission has drawn up its findings on the basis of the information provided by the 
Member States as. well as its own observations. Indeed, by deploying its fishery inspectors 
the Commission is continuously validating its assessment concerning the monitoring the 
Common Fisheries Policy (Table 3). Over the past few years, the Commission inspectorate 
became engaged in some atypical duties in international waters (NAFO, Tuna compaign). 
As these duties impede on its capacity to verify the operation of monitoring systems in the 
Member States, the scope of these engagements should be reconsidered. Indeed, whereas 
control is first and foremost the responsibility of the Member States, they should assume 
fully this responsibility in particular by monitoring their vessels, as well as, where 
appropriate, none flag vessels, operating in international waters. 
Obviously, the current imbalance between fleet capacity and the available living marine 
resources places a great burden on the authorities responsible for fisheries monitoring. Too 
many vessels are competing for few resources which creates a clear incentive for individual 
fishermen to disregard rules limiting the exploitation of resources. As long as most fishing 
vessels disregarded the rules, none of them will gain but on the contrary, the conservation of 
fish stocks will be undermined for everyone. 
5 -
III. Modern Technologies 
1. SATELLITE MONITORING 
In 1995, each Member State carried out a pilot project for satellite monitoring, involving up 
to 350 vessels throughout the Community. The pilot projects were funded with ECU 10 
million from the Community budget. They have been extended a further six months, to the 
end of the year 1995, in order to accommodate for those Member States who could not meet 
the operational starting date (1 October 1994). 
The Commission has adopted a Report on the pilot projects and a Proposal for a Council 
Regulation on the application of a satellite-based vessel monitoring system (VMS) for the 
control of the Common Fisheries Policy (doc. COM(96) 232 final of 28.05.96). 
2. CATCH REPORTING BY COMPUTER TRANSMISSION 
Regulation 2847/93, and in particular Article 15 and 18 thereof, requires Member States to 
notify the Commission of several sets of catch data by computer transmission as from 1996. 
The Commission has proposed that Member States transmit the relevant data through the 
Fisheries Data Exchange System (FIDES). The feasibility study for the implementation of 
FIDES was conducted in 1994. FIDES is designed as a standard transmission system for all 
data related to fisheries, in particular for the data flows covered by a regulatory requirement. 
During 1995, a FIDES validation project was set up, including the catch reporting data flow. 
The network infrastructure has been installed in a number of Member States. The validation 
project is extended into 1996. Catch reporting by computer transmission to the Commission 
is expected to commence on an operational basis after completion of the validation project. 
IV. COMMUNITY FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION 
The total cost of control in the Community is estimated at 300 MECU per annum. Roughly 
two thirds relate to operating costs and one third to investments. In 1995, Member States 
have received a financial contribution towards certain control expenditure. This support was 
organized pursuant to Council Decision 89/631/EEC on a Community financial contribution 
towards expenditure incurred by Member States for the purpose of ensuring compliance with 
the Community system for the conservation and management of fishery resources. The 
amount of eligible expenditure for 1995 was 45 MECU, of which 2 MECU was allocated for 
Finland and Sweden. The participation rate was fixed at 50%. 
The financial and budgetary aspects concerning the year 1995 are covered in the Report on 
the Community's financial contribution towards expenditure incurred by Member States for 
the purpose of ensuring compliance with the Common Fisheries Policy (doc. COM(95) 243 
final of 9.06.95). This report contains a section on the application of Decision 89/631/EEC. 
The section in question gives a factual report and a summary. The latter concludes that the 
Community's financial contribution has made major improvements in equipment possible, but 
that this has not been sufficient to significantly reduce the scale of non-compliance. 
Future annual reports on monitoring the CFP will discuss the financial and budgetary aspects 
in more detail. Indeed, as from 1996, the financial support is made on the basis of Council 
Decision 95/527/EC on a Community financial contribution towards certain expenditure 
incurred by the Member States implementing the monitoring and control systems applicable 
to the Common Fisheries Policy and is extended to all areas covered by the new control 
regime. Pursuant to Article 4.2 of Decision 95/527/EC, Member States will have to report 
on progress achieved with regard to their control programme. That report should form a 
special section in their annual report and as such will constitute an input to the Commission 
report. 
The proportion of the expenditure incurred for fisheries control should be related to losses 
caused by fraud. A rather conservative estimate of such losses is in the order of JD% of the 
value of the landings, which would amount to between 7.000 to 8.000 MECU per annum. 
V. CONCLUSIONS 
The adoption of an effective monitoring system, at all levels of responsibility, is a conditio 
sine qua non for the successful implementation of the CFP. 
Effective integrated control of the CFP will ensure harmonized and equitable implementation 
in the provisions of the CFP. The further reduction of fleet capacity and the wider 
introduction of fishing effort limitations as well as the introduction of modern technologies 
for control purposes would çnsure that inspection is as economical as possible. Against this 
background, the Commission notes the conclusions of the first report which remain valid. 
Cooperation between Member States needs to be developed in the following areas: 
closer cooperation between Member States in order to ensure greater transparency of 
inspection practices and effective and uniform application of Community rules; 
- the improvement of mutual understanding of fisheries enforcement in each Member State; 
- the intensification of operational cooperation among the coastal Member State, the flag 
Member State, and, where appropriate, the Member State of landing, transit and 
marketing of fisheries products, in the inspection and monitoring of fishing activity and 
related activities; 
the promotion by Member States of better communication and improved understanding 
among the national control authorities, the scientific community and the fishing 
industries; 
the strengthening of coordination and cooperation among Member States in the 
application of research and new technologies in the domain of control. 
Against this background, the Commission will support any initiatives enhancing cooperation 
taken by Member States including by the financing, on a priority basis, of projects in 
accordance with Council Decision 95/527/EC. Furthermore, the Commission will examine as 
soon as possible whether the current control provisions need to be reinforced and, where 
appropriate, it will propose amendments. 
-8 -
ANNEX I 
MEMBER STATE PROFILES 
This annex contains a report concerning inspection and monitoring of fishing activities of each 
Member State, as well as an evaluation by the Commission on Finland and Sweden, which 
joined the European Union in 1995. This evaluation has been notified to these Member States 
whose comments have been incorporated. The country profiles are based on the control reports 
transmitted by the Member States. These profiles consolidate those presented in the first report. 
BELGIUM 
The report covers the main inspection activities of the national control service in 1995. 
No new administrative measures have been adopted since the 1994 Report - no changes in 
legislation or penalties imposed. 
A. ORGANISATION: 
No changes compared to 1994 
B. RESOURCES : 
- Staff level reduced (one controller less) 
- Inspection vessel - minesweeper not deployed in the second half of 1995 
- Aircraft 40 hours per annum 
C ACTIVITIES : 
1995. Total number of inspections : 106 (1994 : 208) 
Location of inspections : 
- Zeebrugge : 45 
- Ostende : 42 
- Nieuwpoort : 12 
- Other locations : 7 
The reduction in 1995 is attributed to two main reasons : 
- One controller left the service 
- Resources were redeployed on the pilot project for satellites 
A^> 
Level of Coverage of Landings : 20 % of landings according to the national 
authorities (30 % in 1994) 
Verification of Landings : 75 % of landings (same as 1994). 
Logbook Returns : 95 % 
Specific national measures enforced : 
- restrictions placed on the exploitation of sole stocks - 34 % of quota reserved for vessels 
less than 300 h.p. 
- minimum size of plaice increase to 27 cm 
- minimum size of cod (landed) to 45 cm during the months of November-December 
- 12 fish stops issued 
- 20 fish swaps effected 
- during inspections particular attention paid to undersized fish and minimum mesh sizes. 
- transport of fish checked through the investigative office of the Customs and Excise 
Administration 
Technical monitoring - structural policy - markets 
Although details on the organisation of the services involved in these types of control are 
included in the 1995 report, there is no information on the precise number/location or results 
of any checks in 1995. 
Results of inspection activities 
Number of vessels inspected at sea : 1995 1994 
87 68 
Nationality : Belgian (54, Dutch : 19, French : 12) 
Number of infringements : 2 (prohibited gear/closed area) 
Infringements in Port : 36 (34 logbook offences, 2 undersized fish) 
Infringements detected from Aerial Surveillance : 3 French vessels 
/)1 
DENMARK 
ORGANISATION 
As of 1 January 1995, the Fisheries Directorate has been formally part of the Ministry 
of Agriculture and Fisheries. 
The Fisheries Directorate's responsibilities include supervision of the fishing industry 
with regard to EU rules on the fisheries sector and national rules under national fisheries 
legislation including the law on saltwater fishing, the control law, the law on freshwater 
fishing and the law on fish processing, together with inspection duties in consultation 
with the Veterinary Directorate and the Structures Directorate. The Fisheries Directorate 
also undertakes all computer work relating to the fisheries sector, with particular 
emphasis on the production of statistics. 
The Fisheries Directorate consists of the following: a central division with three units 
(administrative unit, fisheries unit and data unit), six inspectorates (Esbjerg, Nyk0bing 
Mors, Frederikshavn, Randers, Fredericia and Roskilde) with the respective local 
inspection stations and five fisheries inspection vessels (Vestkysten, Nords0en, 
Nordjylland, Jens Vaever (up to 31 May), Havornen (from 1 May) and Viben). 
B RESOURCES 
The administrative staff of the Fisheries Directorate has been increased. 
The number of inspectors has remained at 143 persons. The inspectorate is 
distributed in six main areas and each area has local offices where inspectors are 
located. 
The number of patrol vessels remains at 5. Aircraft is not used. 
Computerisation. 
All local offices are equipped with computers and are linked to-4he central 
mainframe in the Ministry. The data bases contain details derived from 
logbooks, landing declarations, sales notes, vessels and fishing licences. 
A l. 
ACTIVITIES 
Table 1. Inspection activities by port and type of inspection 
Inspectors based in 
Esbjerg 
Fredericia 
Frederikshavn 
Nykobing Mors 
Randers 
Roskilde 
TOTAL N" of Inspectors 
21 
19 
29 
25 
18 
31 
143 N" of vessels 
inspected 
2.074 
412 
1.406 
943 
145 
1.096 
6.076 N° of buyers 
inspected 
483 
127 
1.345 
754 
595 
480 
3.784 
Table 2. Inspection days at sea by patrol vessel, per ICES Area 
Name of vessel 
Hav0rnen 
Jens Vasver 
Nords0en 
Nordjylland 
Vestkysten 
Viben 
TOTAL IV A 
1 
1 
8 
10 IV b 
166 
9 
108 
5 
288 III AN 
2 
43 
110 
1 
156 III AS 
2 
1 
27 
44 
24 
98 IIIB 
15 
1 
2 
59 
77 IIIC 
T 
4 
1 
59 
71 HID 
72 
40 
12 
21 
_ 145 
/)5 
Table 3. Number of boarding by ICES Area by patrol vessel 
Name of vessel 
Hav0rnen 
Jens Vaever 
Nordsoen 
Nordjylland 
Vestkysten 
Viben 
TOTAL IVÂ 
' rvb 
185 
3 
70 
6 
264 III AN 
5 
18 
99 
122 III AS 
2 
11 
12 
18 
43 IIIB 
6 
2 
8 IIIC 
6 
3 
3 
33 
45 HID 
64 
44 
17 
2 
127 
-iv 
GERMANY 
A. RESOURCES: 
Same number of inspectors. 
Same number of control vessels. 
Various inshore patrol vessels under the control of the customs/police services are being 
deployed in a more systematic manner for fisheries control. This is being done on a trial 
basis but it is thought that it will be put on a more permanent footing in the future. The 
current offshore patrol vessels are outdated and not adjusted to their tasks. 
B. ACTIVITIES: 
PORT INSPECTIONS 1995 - 9.155 
Lander * N° of port checks 
Lower Saxony 537 
Sch.-Holstein (Baltic) 1.818 
North Sea 4.101 
Mechlenburg-W.Pomerania 2.699 
50% of landings from freezer trawlers are checked. 
INSPECTION AT SEA - 1995: 
N° of patrol days by area N° of inspections at sea by area 
1.240 ICES III 3.473 ICES III 
1.310 ICES IV 1.406 ICES IV 
10 ICES V 
20 ICES VI 
2 ICES XII 
26 ICES XIV 
TOTAL 2.608 TOTAL 4.879 
AS 
% of landings checked in port and auction centres: 
- 30% with auction centres being the location for most checks. 
% of landings cross checked: 
- National average 95% 
- Highest in Lower Saxony 100% 
C NEW ELEMENTS: 
Catch Monitoring in Baltic: 
To counteract attempts to misdeclare Baltic cod as North Sea cod, the German authorities 
have entered into an agreement with Denmark, , whereby German inspection vessels are 
allowed to carry out visual inspections on German vessels in Danish waters. 
Checks on engine power of flatfish trawlers: 
This has been intensified and personnel from the Germanischer Lloyd is completing a 
review of the engine power of beam trawlers. 
A review of the operation of monitoring in the markets sector is included. It concludes 
that the system is well policed and that reference prices are almost completed complied 
with. 
y\ç> 
GREECE 
A. ORGANISATION 
The report identifies the national authorities associated with fisheries control. The new 
element is the rôle of the Ministry of Trade which is responsible for controls on products 
en route to first sale at locations other than that of landing. The fisheries Section of the 
Ministry of Agriculture retains its coordinating rôle. 
B. RESOURCES 
1. Human 
The report identifies staff levels as follows : 
- 150 fisheries officials plus two computer operators oversee the coordination of the 
application of Common Fisheries Policy rules - these are part of the Ministry of 
Agriculture; 
- 4236 port officials of the Ministry of the Merchant Marine and 172 port authorities 
(coastguard) are associated with the monitoring of fishing activities up to the point 
of landing. 
- port staff (180) which operate in 10 ports - these are responsible for checks on the 
commercial characteristics of fish and for the first sale trade on the quays of the 
ports. 
2. Vessels/Aircraft/Vehicles 
141 patrol boats 
4 Aircraft -— 
289 patrol vehicles 
Computer equipment : no changes 
-14 
C ACTIVITIES 
A total of 448 control/inspections were conducted. The results are shown below 
Logbook offences/Landing declaration offences : 5 
Illegal gear : 96 
Illegal fishing - prohibited area 164 
- excess tonnage/engine power 10 
Illegal catches - directed fishery 10 
- by catch violation 5 
- undersize fish 16 
Fishing without licence 
Nationality of vessels : - Greek 87 
- Italian 2 
- Honduran 1 
Use of explosives : 1 
Other infringements : 10 
^ 
SPAIN 
The 1995 report submitted by Spain contains information on inspection services, infringements 
recorded and inspections conducted. In addition there is information on special measures 
adopted during 1995 to deal with special provisions of Community fisheries legislation. 
A. ORGANISATION 
No modifications have been made with respect to the division of competence between the 
different services responsible for inspection/control in Spain. 
B. RESOURCES 
1. Human 
The inspection team located in Madrid has retained the same staff level as in 1994. 
Some changes in staff number have occurred in the Autonomous regions e.g. Andalucia 
an increase from 25 to 40, while in Catalonia the number has decreased from 18 to 10. 
2. Vessels/Aircraft 
The number of vessels used by the Navy in inspection/patrol duties has increased from 
31-37. 
3. Information System 
The inspection service based in Madrid maintains a data base (ADABAS). The data 
base contains information on: inspections, infringements, sightings, detention. The data 
base also records information on the inspection activities of the Navy. 
. -79 
C. ACTIVITIES 
In general inspection and control activities are centred on: 
- Sea inspections - checks on vessel documents, gear catch, sizes, etc. 
- Aerial surveillance - surveillance on protected areas, support for Navy vessels. 
- Inspections in port - checks on vessel documents and landings. 
1. Inspections at sea: 
ZONE 
VIII 
IX 
COPACE/ 
CECAF 
NAFO 
Mediterranean 
TOTAL NATIONALITY OF VESSEL 
Spanish 
1.890 
3.301 
130 
6 
5.797 
11.124 British 
-
9 
-
-
-
9 Portuguese 
-
13 
.1 
-
1 
15 French 
-
1 
2 
-
1 
4 Moroccan 
-
1 
2 
-
6 
^o 
Number of vessels with an apparent infringement by Nationality of vessel: 
ZONE 
VIII, IX 
COPACE/ 
CECAF/NAFO 
Mediterranean 
TOTAL NATIONALITY OF VESSEL 
Spanish 
2.921 
1.885 
4.806 British 
-
-Portuguese 
12 
1 
13 French 
1 
-
1 Moroccan 
1 
2 
3 
Type of infringement (most common): 
Atlantic region: Mediterranean: 
Logbook 203 
Unauthorised gear 461 
Fishing in closed area 1.038 
Illegal catches 98 Logbook 154 
Unauthorised gear 105 
Fishing in closed area 695 
Illegal catches 15 
2 A 
2. Results of inspections in Port - Atlantic, Zone 
Type of 
infringements 
Logbook/ 
Landing 
declarations 
Prohibited gear 
Fishing in 
unauthorised 
areas 
Undersized fish 
Illegal catch on 
board 
Total Nationality of the Vessel 
Spanish 
40 
59 
57 
123 
53 
332 British 
6 
1 
-
-
7 Portugues 
e 
5 
-
-
-
5 Italian 
-
2 
-
2 French 
1 
-
-
-
/ Panamian 
4 
-
-
-
4 
Mediterranean Zone 
Type of infringements Nationality of the Vessel 
Spanish Italian 
Logbook/ 19 
Landing declarations 
Prohibited gear 26 1 
Undersized fish 49 
Illegal catch on board 27 
Total 121 1 
2Z 
3. Control of Structural Measures: 
During 1995 the Spanish authorities monitored the implementation of structural 
measures using the resources reported in the 1994 Report. Following inspections and 
controls, the relevant national authorities issued 160 sanctioning procedures mainly 
related to technical characteristics of vessels e.g. tonnage, engine power, registration 
number. 
4. New Measures Adopted: 
The Spanish authorities have adopted Royal Decree N° 1998/1995 of 17 December 
1995 to control the first sale of fisheries products. Responsibility for implementing the 
law lies with the regional authorities. The law also makes the sale of fresh fish in fish 
auctions obligatory. Frozen fish may be sold in fish auctions or other duly authorised 
establishments. 
<?J 
FRANCE 
The 1995 Report submitted by France contains some new elements and in particular more 
detailed information on staff levels, the collection of data and the extent of controls in the 
processing-commercial sectors of the industry. 
In general there have been no radical changes to the ways or the means employed in France. 
The level of fines remains unchanged. One new legislative measure has been adopted in 1995 
(decree 95-411 of 19.04.95). 
A. ORGANISATION 
No new elements 
B. RESOURCES 
1. Human 
Permanent/temporary staff engaged in control tasks in 1995 amounted to 532. The 
operational staff involved in research and control at the end of 1995 amounted to 791. 
The control service is being reorganised following the adoption of national legislation 
of 26 February 1996 which envisages the creation of two new control corps - inspectors 
(des affaires maritimes) 85, and controllers (des affaires maritimes (formerly the 
administrative branch) 275. 
2. Vessels and aircraft (Affaires maritimes service) 
Vessels 
8 vedettes for surveillance within the French exclusive economic zone. 
These vessels measure up to 30 metres and have, crews of 9 per vessel. 
Seven vedettes are based in Atlantic ports and one in Marseille 
£H 
5 vedettes of up to 17 metres which operate up to 30 miles from the 
coast with crews of 5 per vessel. 
21 vedettes for inshore surveillance work, these vessels measure 8-12 
metres and one crewed by 4 persons. 
46 light craft-zodiacs 
Naval Service 
The Naval Service devotes some of its resources and time to act as a supplement to the 
activities of the Affaires Maritimes. In that context the following are deployed : 
2 patrol vessels - STERNE and GREBE based in Brest conduct patrols up to the 200 
mile limit (74 % of their time is devoted to this task) 
5 aircraft for surveillance are used on a part time basis as are 7 vedettes and 4 patrol 
vessels from the gendarmerie maritime. 
For the tuna fishery in 1995, two patrol vessels were deployed for a total of 98 days 
National Gendarmerie 
This service has 10 vedettes available in Channel ports and 11 in Atlantic ports 
Custom service 
12 vedettes available in Channel ports 
12 vedettes available in Atlantic ports 
Aerial support is also available to this service. 
3. Information system 
The regional statistical centres (Boulogne, Saint-Malo, Lorient and La Rochelle) are 
equipped with : 
4 P.C. type 386 and 486 
Liaison (on line links) between St-Malo is effected through x 25. 
2S 
G ACTIVITIES 
1. Surveillance at sea 
Number of Inspection "Days" 
Zones 
VII 
VIII 
XII (Tuna) 
EZZ Guyane 
Total Vessels 
deployed 
380 days 
1906 days 
98 days 
250 days 
2 634 days Air 
surveillance 
67 
39 
1 
4 
111 Sightings 
aircraft 
2 297 
2 297 Sightings 
vessels 
956 
956 
Number of Inspections at sea. By nationality of vessels by zones 
Zones 
VII 
VIII 
Zone 
Guyane Nationality 
FR 
4 509 
3 766 
/ SPAIN 
/ 
980 
/ BE 
13 
61 
/ UK 
5 
10 
/ OTHERS 
(South 
American) 
"" / 
/ 
39 
- Number of vessels with apparent infringements. By Nationality 
French 
1 042 Spanish 
62 Belgian 
11 UK 
1 South 
American 
32 
LQ 
Coastal Control Units (Unités Littorales des affaires maritimes) carried 
out a total of 11 376 controls. The bulk of these were at sea (see page 
6 of Report) 
Third Country Landings 1995 
Port : Boulogne sur Mer : 8 landings, total quantity : 4 733 tons 
Concarneau : 1 landing, total quantity : 69 tons 
2. Control of Technical Measures 
Channel and Atlantic Areas Fish size Mesh size 
Total number of controls 3 320 275 
Total number of infringements 108 72 
3. Control of Structural Measures 
In the framework of the modernisation and restructuring of the fleet, controls are 
conducted in the first instance by the quartiers of the directorates of the.departments 
of the Affaires Maritimes. 
No details on the number/frequency of checks. 
Tonnage of vessels is checked by the Custom Service. 
4. Markets 
Control in the markets sector are carried out on three levels : 
- in the auction centres 
- following withdrawal 
- a posteriori during controls conducted by the Agence Centrale des Organismes on 
the activities of the FIOM (Fonds d'Intervention et d'Organisation des Marchés) 
2-ï 
In general, market controls are conducted by the FIOM which monitors the application 
of the FEOGA Funds. These controls cover : 
- product classification (grading) 
- withdrawal prices 
- eventual disposal of quantities withdrawn. 
5. Cross checking of Sales data 
Sales data from the auction centres is centralised by the FIOM which proceeds to 
verify and cross checks the identity of vessels with the fleet register. With respect to 
logbooks, these are collected in each quartier and an initial validation is made by the 
IFREMER staff. 
Copies of logbooks are transmitted to the CCAM and to CRTS where further analysis 
on species, gear, location, of catch is made. 
- Cross checks between landing declarations and market data are made by CRTS 
using sales data 
- Vessels which are not obliged to submit logbooks and do not sell through auction 
centres are checked by the IFREMER staff using information from owner/customer. 
A sampling plan is being tested in Saint-Malo. Vessels (with logbooks) selling into 
auction centres are checked using sales data. 
1% 
IRELAND 
The 1995 report is broadly similar to that submitted with respect to 1994. 
A. RESOURCES 
The resources available for inspection remain the same while there has been a marginal 
increase in inspection activity: 
Inspection on land: 1995 1994 
10.900 10.500 
Patrol days at sea: 1.284 1.258 
Landings checked: 40% 35% 
B. SPECIAL MEASURES ADOPTED: 
10 Fisheries managed through individual boat quotas. 
Herring and mackerel landings "inspected" at a level of 100%. 
Advance notice required before landing: monitoring programme designed accordingly. 
Vessel under ten metres are "regularly monitored". 
Almost 100% return rate for logbooks and landing declarations. 
Nets are measured ashore twice during the year. 
New technical measures: 
minimum landing sizes for 2 stocks lobster and whelk adopted and the possibility to fix 
minimum size limits for spider-crab, crawfish and palemoid shrimp is beingxonsidered. 
Z?> 
ITALY 
The 1995 report submitted by the Italian authorities gives additional information on the legal 
basis for coordinating control services, provides details on the enforcement of driftnets rules and 
a general summary of the outcome of inspection activities. 
The report gives no information on the application of technical measures applicable to the 
Mediterranean. 
A. ORGANISATION 
1. Legal Basis 
- Law n° 963 of 14 July 1965, articles 20,21; 
- Interministerial Decree of 25 February 1995; 
2. Main enforcement authorities 
- Corpo delle Capitanerie di Porto; 
- Corpo della Guardia di Fianza; 
- l'Arma dei Carbinieri - territorial sea only; 
- la Polizia di Stato 
3. Main difficulties in the application of the rules 
- size of coastline (8.000 kms); 
- number of vessels (16.000); 
- number of landings places (850); 
- the application of rules on commercialisation (prices, hygiene etc) falls outside the 
jurisdiction of the Direzione Générale della Pesca; 
- an informatics system needed to coordinate information provided by the different 
control activities has not yet been finalised. 
3 
B. RESOURCES 
Capitanierie di Porto : 7.000 personnel distributed in 47 local offices, 
3.300 devoted to control on land, 
1.970 involved in sea controls, 
330 vessels available for control purposes. 
C. ACTIVITIES 1995 
1. Missions/Patrol at sea: 9.890 
Controls/Inspections at sea: 12.410 
Infringements detected: 1.638 
(1.424 of which were administrative violations) 
Quantity of fish seized (in kgs): 18.652 
Number of nets etc: seized 376 
2. Aerial Surveillance 
- Flight hours: 140 
- Number of missions: 32 
3. Ashore based missions/patrols: __ 
- Number of missions/patrols: 7.725 
- Controls and inspections (total): 10.719 
- Controls on landings, distribution 
and sales: 7.740 
- Controls on gear 2.979 
- Infringements detected: 816 
(504 of which were administrative violations) 
- Quantity offish seized (in kgs): 11.506 
- Number of nets etc: seized 171 
31 
Driftnet Fishery 
Controls at sea: 450 
Controls in port: 497 
Administrative violations: 27 
Administrative seizures: 24 
Violations of fishing rules: 6 
Seizures in fish: 2 
Nets confiscated (by metre) 60.508 
3-e 
THE NETHERLANDS 
The report provides extensive information on markets, structures informatics, fines and 
penalties. 
A. ORGANISATION 
No changes in the organisation of the control services in the Netherlands in 1995. 
B. RESOURCES 
1. Human 
The inspectorate staff is composed of 56 inspectors (58 in 1994) which are assisted 
by personnel drawn from private agencies. The latter provided 28.750 hours of 
assistance in 1995 (37.500 in 1994). 
2. Vessels/Aircraft 
Vessels from the Customs Service and the Navy are used for control purposes at sea. 
No details on actual number but the same number as 1994 is thought to be in use. 
Air support is provided by the Navy, Police Aviation Dept. 
3. Computerisation 
In 1995, the Covis and C-Day systems were replaced by VIRIS II (Fisheries 
Registration and Information System). The COBRA (registration of 
inspection/control and sanctions) system continued in operation. 
Z3> 
C. ACTIVITIES 
The Dutch authorities continue to report control activities in terms of control hours 
Port/Shore Inspection 
1995 28.750 hours (1994 : 37.500) 
Sea Inspection Activities Vessel Hours Aircraft Hours 
1995 1.846 398 
The control authorities target specific sectors and locations e.g. beamtrawler fleet, deep 
freeze trawlers, plaice box. 
Overall Inspection Activity 
Actual Inspection Hours (Sea/Port/Air) : 73.937 
Total landings into Netherlands (1995) : 32.508 inspected 
Dutch vessels : 27.027 10,8 % 
Foreign vessels : 5.481 10,9% 
Average inspection rate : 10,8 % 
Inspections on Business associated with Fisheries 7.364 inspections 
513 violations 
*V 
Table : Summary of Activity (Sea + Air Inspection/Surveillance) 
Flag of vessel 
Netherlands 
Belgium 
Germany 
Denmark 
France 
UK 
Ireland Type of inspection 
Physical Inspection 
1.781 
46 
7 
5 
2 
1 
0 Visual Inspection 
Not available 
79 
18 
124 
10 
87 
1 Results 
Apparent 
Infringement 
160 
10 
8 
5 
2 
1 
-
Main Categories of infringements detected at sea : 
Prohibited gear 
Closed area 
Undersize fish 50 
39 
51 
3S 
Port Inspection 
Infringements detected 
Flag of vessel 
Netherlands 
Belgium 
Germany 
Denmark 
France 
Ireland 
UK Type of Infringements 
Logbook 
135 
29 
10 
9 
2 
2 
10 Gear 
4 
1 Identification of 
vessel 
11 Others. 
34 
, 
Penalties imposed 
The severity of the sanctions applied depends on a) the nature of the infringements and b) 
whether it is a second or third infringement. Generally, the catch is confiscated and a fine is 
imposed. Fishing vessels may be confiscated if it is a third infringement. 
Markets/Structures 
No apparent changes in either the organisation of controls in these sectors nor in the 
methodology used by the various services. 
Cross checking of Catch data 
Date from logbooks, declarations and sales notes are 100 % cross checked on the computer 
systems. Incomplete/inaccurate entries are returned and corrected versions are reentered. 
3£ 
PORTUGAL 
The report is limited to updating specific aspects covered in the 1994 report. The 1995 report 
gives a more precise and comprehensive profile of the enforcement resources. 
A. ORGANISATIONS: 
Eight public authorities have jurisdiction for monitoring fishing activities with regard to 
conservation, measures and resource management: 
- Inspection Service Department/Directorate-General for Fisheries (DSI); 
- Maritime Authority (AMAR); 
- Airforce (FA); 
- Inspection Brigade of the Republican National Guard (GNR/BF); 
- Inspectorate General for Economic Activities (IGAE); 
- Directorate General for Customs (DGA); 
- Directorate General for Ports, Shipping and Maritime Transport (DGPNTM); 
- Market and Quality Services Department/Directorate General for Fisheries (DSMQ). 
B. RESOURCES 
1. Number of inspectors on land: 
There were 376 fisheries inspectors with authority and jurisdiction in the sphere of 
monitoring fishing activities. These are drawn from the following services: 
- Inspection Services Department/Direct. Gen. for Fisheries 12 
- Market and Quality Services Department/Direct. Gen. for Fisheries 22 
- Maritime Authority - 85 
- Airforce --— 8 * 
- Inspection Brigade of the Republic National Guard 107 
- Inspectorate General for Economic Activities 87 
- Directorate General for Customs 39 
- Directorate General for Ports, Shipping and Maritime Transport 16 
2. Number of inspection vessels: 
Ministry of Defense/Navy vessels carrying out fisheries inspection missions at sea by 
type of vessel are as follows: 
- "J.Coutinho" class corvettes (FS) 6 
- "B.Andrade" class corvettes (FS) 4 
- "Cacine" class patrol boats (PB) 10 
- "Albatroz" class fast launches (PBR) 5 
- "Dragâo" class fast launches (LFR) 5 
- Other inspection vessels 41 
TOTAL 71 
However, besides fisheries inspection these vessels carry out other missions, and in 
particular naval and search-and-rescue operations. 
3. Number of inspection aircraft; 
Ministry of Defense/Airforce aircraft involved in aerial surveillance and inspection of 
fishing activities are as follows: 
- CASA 100 Aviocar 3 
- CASA 300 Aviocar 2 
However, these aircraft also carry out missions, in particular those involving sea 
pollution and search-and-rescue operations. 
à* 
4 Use of resources 
- The main fisheries enforcement activities is carried out by the inspectors from 
the Inspection Service in Lisbon: 
1995 Activity 
Region N* of Inspections Number of Inspectors : 12 
North 394 
Centre 410 
South 253 
1.057 
- Inspections carried out by Maritime Authority (AMAR) : 
1995 Activity 
Region N* of Inspections Personnel Involved 
North 2.204 20 
Centre 3.060 28 
South 2.340 17 
Azores / Madeira 645 20 
- Inspections carried out by the Market/Quality Service (DSMQ): _ 
1995 Activity 
Region N* of Inspections Personnel Involved 
North 2.678 13 
Centre 352 3 
South 126 3 
Azores/Madeira 60 3 
*3 
- Inspections carried out by the Inspection Brigade (GNR / BF) : 
1995 Activity 
Region N° of Inspections Personnel Involved 
North 1.792 30 
Centre 2.090 35 
South 2.368 25 
Azores / Madeira 3.857 17 
Inspections carried out by the Inspectorate General for Economic Activities 
(IGAE) : 
1995 Activity 
Region N° of Inspections Personnel Involved 
North 3.636 21 
Centre 4.416 45 
South 2.483 21 
- Inspections carried out by the Directorate General for Customs (DGA) 
1995 Activity 
Region N° of Inspections Personnel Involved 
North 326 24 
Centre 43 9 
South 60 2 
Azores / Madeira 8 4 
M 
Inspections carried out by the Directorate General for Ports, Shipping and 
Maritime Transport (DGPNTM) : 
1995 Activity 
Region 
Mainland 
Azores / Madeira N° of Inspections Personnel Involved : 16 
6.514 
287 
- Inspection days at sea: 
Area 
Mainland 
(ICES IX, a,b) 
Madeira 
(CECAF) 
Azores 
(ICES X) All types of Patrol Vessels 
3.414 
446 
533 
- Aerial Surveillance: 
AREA 
Mainland 
(ICES IX,a,b) 
Madeira 
(CECAF) 
Azores 
(ICES X) 
TOTAL FLYING 
HOURS 
612h00m 
304h35m 
272h25m 
1 189h00m MISSIONS 
201 
62 
55 
318 SIGHTINGS 
736 
238 
97 
1.071 PRESUMED 
VIOLATIONS 
203 
20 
6 
229 PROCEEDINGS 
INITIATED IN 
RESPECT OF 
OFFENCES 
152 
13 
5 
il 
M^1 
Verification of Landings: 
In 1995 approximately 80% of total fresh/chilled fish landings underwent physical 
inspections in Auctions, and 30-35% of those landings were inspected by one of the 
various inspection services. 
Landings of vessels from NAFO: 100 percent inspection. 
Landings of vessels operating in Moroccan waters: 25-30 percent inspection. 
Landings of vessels with third country flag: 100 percent inspection. 
Cross-checking of landing documents/Sales Notes: 
1. Deep sea fleets landings: all verified by cross-checks 
2. Inshore crustacean fleet: 60 percent cross checks. 
3. Fleet operating in Mainland 
waters: commenced 
H 2> 
FINLAND 
/. Inspection and monitoring of fishing activities 
A. ORGANISATION 
At the national level, responsibility for monitoring and enforcement lies with the 
department of Fisheries and Games which forms part of the Ministry of Agriculture 
and Forestry. Within the department, there is a commercial fisheries unit which also 
deals with control matters. The department is located in Helsinki. 
At the district level, fisheries control is the responsibility of six locally based 
commercial fisheries units which are staffed with five to six full time officials. 
Additional staff is recruited to cover seasonal control tasks. 
The actual fisheries control officers are not located in fishing ports or other landing 
places. Control officers are supported and assisted by a legal support service located 
in the department of Fisheries and Games. 
In the Aland district which enjoys semi autonomous status, fisheries control is the 
responsibility of the provincial council which is aided by the Naval Coast Guard. 
Locally based fisheries control units are equipped with cars, small inshore vessels and 
computer and data systems provided by the department of Fisheries and Games. 
The second element of fisheries control in Finland is the Naval Coast Guard which 
falls under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior. The Naval Coast Guard has 
a number of security related tasks but is also associated with fisheries control the level 
of which varies depending on the district in question. The main contribution of this 
service is the inspection at sea of national and foreign fishing vessels. 
Other specialised services associated with monitoring fishing activities include: 
43 
The Finnish Maritime Administration, which falls under the Ministry of Transport and 
Communications deals with a range of control duties in relation to vessel 
characteristics. More specifically, it conducts inspections to determine vessels 
seaworthiness, vessels measurement, engine power, safety standards, the training of 
crews and radio/communications on board. Safety and health on board vessels is the 
responsibility of the Ministry of Labour. 
Inspections and control of hygiene standards is the responsibility of the veterinary and 
foodstuff department within the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Municipal 
control authorities are also involved in these tasks. 
The Custom and Excise Service is also associated with a limited number of control 
functions: it is the recipient of catch/landing reports from third country fishing 
vessels and transmits these to the local commercial fisheries unit. In general, the 
Custom and Excise Service is responsible for ensuring that catches landed and fish 
products comply with national regulations. 
The national police force, which is under the Ministry of the Interior, offers official 
assistance including patrols in coastal waters. 
B. RESOURCES: 
1. Human: 
The number of civilian personnel associated with control and enforcement is 
approximate 36 permanent officials assisted by 10-20 seasonal staff. In addition, 
an unspecified number of staff distributed throughout the services mentioned 
above is involved in some type of control activity. 
The staff of the Naval Coast Guard consists of approximately 900 which are 
divided between three units of the service. 
WV 
2. Vessel/Aircraft: 
The Naval Coast Guard has 12 patrol vessels, 5 of which are suitable for all year 
round duties. The 27 Naval Guard stations located around the coast have 60 
patrol boats. Aerial surveillance is provided by the Navy Guard and is carried out 
using 3 helicopters and 4 aircraft for monitoring maritime traffic. 
No details are available on patrols conducted or aircraft time allocated to fisheries 
control. 
3. Computer Software/Equipment: 
The national authorities have concluded the upgrading of a range of systems 
which are now computer based. These include the fleet register, catch monitoring 
and control registers. 
District registers are also maintained and these are administrated by local 
commercial fishing units. 
Centrally maintained registered are not accessible to district units while district 
registers are accessible to the personnel of the department of Fisheries and Game. 
HS 
G ACTIVITIES: 
The control authorities have extensive and comprehensive powers to ensure 
compliance with national Community rules and the implementation of the Baltic Sea 
Fisheries Commission recommendations. 
Finnish control authorities are responsible for controlling fishing activities in ICES 
Areas 29-32, and includes monitoring activities of Finnish vessels authorised to fish 
in the waters of third countries (Baltic States in particular) which are subject to 
special rules e.g. submission of radio reports on location and catches. 
Much of the available resources are devoted to the monitoring of catches and catch 
data received from both vessels over ten metres and of smaller lengths. The fishing 
season in the norther ports of the Gulf of Bothnia is curtailed by ice and during the 
winter fleets, whenever possible, material fleets fish in third country waters or in 
Swedish waters. 
The information on inspection activities supplied by the Finnish authorities does not 
distinguish between port and sea inspections. On the basis of the information 
available the table below indicates the number of inspections carried out in three 
coastal regions. 
TYPE OF 
INSPECTION 
Vessel Inspection 
Measurement of 
Gear 
Technical 
Characteristics of 
vessels 
Location of 
FYKES nets 
(traps)* 
Total LOCATION 
Gulf of Finland 
1 
-
-
3 
4 Gulf of Bothnia 
23 
60 
60 
30 
173 Archipelago 
41 
-
49 
61 
151 Total 
65 
60 
109 
94 
328 
* Gear type in salmon fishery. 
M & 
No precise details on the number of infringements have been supplied. 
Controls with respect to Markets, Structures, Sales Notes, and the Transport of Fish. 
Catches are landed into a large number of landing places and fishing ports (+/- 400). 
The majority of catches go straight to the retail trade or sold directly, in port, to the 
consumer. 
There are no auction centres or producers' organisations in Finland. Fish buyers are 
registered and the over land transport of fish is handled by the first buyer. 
The operation of structural policy (fleet adjustment, vessel modernisation, etc) is 
monitored through initial, intermediary and final inspections. Physical inspections of 
vessels are recorded on video if the vessels are to be scrapped from the fleet. 
No detailed information has been provided on control in markets, or the transport of 
fish. 
Sales notes are submitted by the first buyer within 48 hours of landing. 
Third country vessels (activities in Finnish zone): 
In 1995 there were virtually no fishing activities by third country vessels in the 
Finnish zone and no such vessels landed catches into Finland. 
Cooperation with other States: 
The Finnish authorities reported good cooperation with both Sweden and Denmark 
in respect of Finnish vessels fishing in or landing in Swedish waters and ports and 
Swedish vessels landing into Finland or fishing in Finnish waters. However, 
information on landings were received late. 
S^ 
Quota management: 
In 1995 quota management was successful except for the cod and certain salmon 
quotas which were overfished. 
One of the problems faced by the Finish authorities consists of the large number of 
vessels less than 10 m overall fishing for salmon which are required to complete a 
special logbook. This information is only collected on a monthly basis. Furthermore, 
details on catches of cod and salmon landed in other Member States were received 
late. However, these problems are being resolved at present. 
STOCK 
Salmon* 
Quota percentage 
taken up 
Cod 
Quota percentage 
taken up LOCATION OF FISHERY 
Finland 
142.524 
113.3% 
1.600 
101.9% Estonia 
2.401 
120.1% 
56 
112% Latvia 
6.896 
172.4% 
-
* (exluding sub-division 32 of IBSFC, expressed by number of fish) 
W* 
IL Evaluation 
A. GENERAL 
Fishing activities in Finland is confined to the Baltic Sea and takes place within its 
economic zone, in the waters of neighbouring Member States and those of third 
countries. 
Finland has significant quotas allocated to it under the Common Fisheries Policy -
herring (+/- 126.000 tons), salmon (+/- 210.000 tons), sprat (+/- 23.000 tons). 
B. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES 
Resources 
Two national authorities have the main responsibility for the control and management 
of fisheries resources: the Department of Game and the Coast Guard Service. Both 
services have created specialised units dealing with fisheries control as indeed, have 
other ministries. 
The number of actual inspectors which operate throughout the coastal areas appears 
to be modest given the range of rules and measures requiring monitoring and 
enforcement. 
Coordination between the different services does not appear to give rise to any 
problems or inefficiencies. 
The Coast Guard service appears to have adequate resources to carry out control 
duties in an efficient manner. The Commission is unable to comment on how these 
resources are deployed. . — 
The control services have created data bases for fleet activity, catch data and controls 
at sea and ashore. 
M9 
Inspection Activity 
In their report to the Commission, the Finnish authorities do not give clear indications 
as to the actual level of control activities and/or whether these focus on the 
enforcement of national or EU rules. On the basis of the information available, the 
control effort (overall) appears to be relatively low (+/- 200 annual inspections). 
Management of Quota 
Efficient management of quotas is undermined by the delays in receiving infomation 
on catch levels and landings into ports outside Finland. 
Check with catch registration service. 
Overall Evaluation 
Finland has had to modernise and expand its control service following accession. In 
some areas of control it has had to create new services (cross-checking/validation). 
Substantial progress has been made in 1995 with respect to the creation of an 
integrated control structure but much needs to be done to operationalise control. 
S o 
SWEDEN 
/. Inspection and monitoring of fishing activities 
A. ORGANISATION 
The overall implementation of fishing policy in Sweden is carried out by the National 
Board of Fisheries (NBF) based in Gotenbourg. The staff of NBF (250 persons, 70 
based in the head office) is responsible for the regulation , management and 
conservation of fisheries resources. In that capacity it drafts national rules, supervises 
the management of national quotas, maintains registers of fishery vessels and has 
exclusive responsibility for quality control of landings into Swedish ports. 
The Swedish Coast Guard Service (SCGS) is the authority with responsibility for all 
sea inspections and control in national waters. The service also conducts inspections 
in port on a random selective basis (full responsibility for port control was given to 
this service in 1996). 
Fisheries control is only one of the tasks entrusted to the SCGS, others include 
defence, environmental, aiding the customs and police services (see Annex 1 and 2). 
A limited control rôle is played by the following public organisations: 
Customs - this service is responsible for checking the transport of imported fish. 
Ministry of Agriculture - veterinary service checks hygiene standards on vessels. 
Shipping Administration Service (Ministry of Transport) - is responsible for 
checking vessel characteristics of vessels over 12 metres (measurement, tonnage, 
engine power). 
Statistical Office - deals with the compilation of data on sales notes at the request 
of the NBF. 
B. RESOURCES: 
1. Human 
NBF and other state organisations. 
A number of personnel attached or responsible to the NBF conduct checks on catch 
data, undertake cross checks on landings, monitor quality/marketing/structural aspects 
of fisheries policy. The precise number is not clear but is considered to be in the 
margin of +/- 30 persons. In addition, 4 persons are employed in the statistical office 
dealing with sales rules while the customs service which deals with inputs and the 
transport of fish has about 20 persons available for these tasks. 
Coast Guard. 
The Coast Guard service has a total staff of 530 persons devoted to control (?). 
These operate from four regional command centres: 
Hârnosand, Stockholm, Karlskrone and Gotenburg. 
The head quarters located in Karlskrone is responsible for overall management, 
operational guidelines, planning, budgets and training. 
2. Vessels/Aircraft: 
To fulfil their range of duties, the Coast Guard uses three surveillance aircraft, some 
one hundred vessels and three hovercraft. Four offshore vessels are available for 
control duties in the Economic Zone of Sweden. 
r.e 
3. Computer Software/Equipment: 
The NBF maintains a number of registers of vessels, licence holders and a number 
of data bases on catch rates. The Statistical Office maintains a special data base on 
fishing vessels operating in Swedish waters. This database is accessible on a twenty 
four hours basis to the Coast Guard. 
C. ACTIVITIES 
Inspection at Sea: 
For 1995, the Swedish authorities reported that the Coast Guard which inspects 
Swedish vessels and foreign vessels in the Swedish Economic Zone conducted the 
following inspections: 
- Swedish vessels: 235 
- Foreign vessels: 151 
The foreign vessels were registered in Denmark, Germany, Finland, Poland, Estonia, 
Latvia, Lithuania and Norway. Following these inspections 12 foreign vessels were 
reported for subsequent prosecution. Inspections carried out included the following 
elements: 
- comparison of catches on board with catches listed in the logbook; 
- compliance with minimum fish size requirements; 
- by catch limitations; 
- fishing gear and permits. 
SI 
With respect to the Swedish vessels inspected(1) a total of 275 infringements were 
reported. Examples of infringements were: 
- illegal fishing methods; 
- unmarked equipment; 
- fishing during closed seasons; 
- use of illegal nets; 
- catches of undersized fish and shellfish. 
Total inspection effort at sea is estimated at 30.000 hours by patrol vessels. 
Port Inspections: 
No precise figures are available on the number of port inspections carried out in 1995. 
Aerial Surveillance: 
A total of 500 hours was provided by aircraft under the authority of the Coastal 
Guard for control purposes. 
(,) The information on infringements and inspections includes controls carried out in 
inland waters (lakes, rivers, etc). 
IL Evaluation 
A. GENERAL 
Sweden has a long coastline of some 7.624 kms. Internally there are an estimated 
100.000 lakes with a total area of approximately 38.000 sq kms or just over 9% of 
the country's land area. 
The west coast is bounded by the Kattegat and the Skagerrak, while the south and 
east coasts are bounded by the Baltic Sea. 
A large number of species are located off the west coast, in principle species found 
in the Atlantic generally. In the Baltic, the number of species is more limited due to 
the low salinity and the main ones are cod, salmon and herring. 
B. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES 
Resources 
Sweden has two main public organisations with board responsibility for fisheries 
management including control - the National Board of Fisheries and the Coast Guard. 
Both organisations are sufficiently well equipped with adequate resources to discharge 
their functions. Since joining the European Union, the Swedish authorities have made 
good progress in adapting its control service to the main requirements of Council 
Regulation (EEC) N° 2847/93. Preparations have been made to strengthen the catch 
registration system generally. 
The main difficulties appear to lie in the area of port controls as these have 
traditionally not been practised to an appreciable extent in recent years. 
Consequently, more resources need to be deployed in this segment of control. 
rs 
Organisation 
As stated above, two main public organisations deal with the majority of control and 
management issues in Sweden. A number of more specialised services undertake 
limited control tasks but coordination between all of these organisations does not 
appear to be problematic. 
Inspection Activity 
Sea inspections are conducted by the Coast Guard. These are undertaken, inter alia, 
in order to verify compliance with technical measures, licences and catches. 
Whilst the Coast Guard is well equipped in terms of vessels, its board mandate to 
cover other sectors (environment, security, etc) means in effect that fisheries control 
has to be displaced in order to undertake other tasks at sea. 
Aerial surveillance is undertaken but it is not clear to what extent this is devoted to 
or focused on fisheries control. 
Port inspections appears to be the weakest point in inspection. Given the large 
number of landing places, the size of the fleet and the need to check the large volume 
of landings from quota species, the annual number of inspections does not appear to 
be adequate and would need to be increased. The importance of port inspection is 
also emphasised by the fact that it represents the best location for checking 
compliance with the by catch rules applicable to the herring fishery. 
Management of Quotas 
Sweden has a number of large quotas (herring, sprat, salmon, cod in particular) which 
require careful monitoring in order to ensure that national quotas are respected. 
Despite having creating the administrative basis for effective management of catch 
data and resources, Sweden has not always succeeded in ensuring that national 
fishermen remain within national quotas. 
S<* 
Part of the difficulty of achieving effective day to day management of catch rates lies 
in the fact that Swedish fishing vessels land outside Sweden. This inevitably leads 
to some delays in the transmission of catch data. 
The Commission is aware that Sweden enjoys good cooperation with its neighbouring 
Member States and anticipates that in that context initiatives can be taken to speed up 
the transmission of catch data. 
Overall Evaluation 
Sweden has made good progress in organising a new control system following 
accession to the Community. This is particularly the case with respect to catch 
registration and the creation of a system for the validation of catch data. 
The effectiveness of port inspection is problematic as the modest level of control is 
not sufficient to guarantee that the catch data is reliable. 
The management of quotas has also been less than satisfactory in 1995. The 
Commission is aware that national authorities have taken steps to strengthen 
monitoring of quotas and anticipates that improvements will be brought about in the 
near future. 
The Swedish authorities note: 
Traditionally, sea inspections including aerial surveillance have been the most 
important part of the Swedish fisheries control system. Sweden has found this control 
strategy successful and intends to keep the major outlines of this system also in the 
future. The Swedish Coast Guard uses 23% of its budgetary resources to conduct 
fisheries control and that is the single largest task within the Swedish sea 
surveillance. As the report points out, Sweden has concentrated her efforts after the 
accession to the Community, to modify the former Swedish catch data system t/u. 
system in use in the Community. Considerable efforts, have also been spen "*» 
improving the management of quotas. Steps have been taken in order to improve the 
effectiveness of port inspection. 
si 
UNITED KINGDOM 
The report for 1995 contains a number of minor changes in the text when compared to the 1994 
report. 
The main changes concern resources and activities. 
A. RESOURCES 
Number of inspectors 1995 1994 Scotland England and Wales 
158 169 (-5) (-6) 
B. ACTIVITIES 1995 1994 
Total n° of vessels inspected 
Total other inspections 12.508 12.434 
58.829 64.044 
Inspection activity in Scotland reduced: 
Vessels inspected 
Other inspections 6.761 
46.283 8.744 -2.000 approximately 
52.782 -6.500 approximately 
Sea inspection activity: 
Patrol days 
Boarding 3.337 
2.649 3.095 
2.495 
Foreign vessels Inspected: 
At sea 
Aerial surveillance 
(hours flown) 1.915 
4.414 2.014 
4.710 
s% 
The report is very similar to that submitted in 1995 with respect to 1994. Consequently, it does 
not include any new information or observations apart from dealing with inspection activity. 
The main difference in terms of activity is the decrease in inspection activity in Scotland. 
S3 
ANNEX II 
TABLES 
Table 1 
Means available for fisheries control in the Member States 
Belgium 
Denmark 
Germany 
Greece 
Spain 
France 
Ireland 
Italy 
Netherlands 
Portugal 
Finland 
Sweden 
United Kingdom Inspectors 
6 
143 
30 
1723 
304 
532 
18 
5 
56 
12 
890 
500 ' 
158 Vesseks 
2' 
5 
212 
141 
31 
34 
10 
330 
several 
71 
60 
100 
20 Planes 
1 
4 
2 
16 
5 
3 
5 Helicopters 
2 
3 
1 Belong to the Navy 
1 Some belong to the Environment Ministry 
3 The coastguards located at all ports (172) play a primary role. In theory an inspection can be carried out 
by one person. 
4 These are the national inspectors based in Madrid. A further 232 inspectors work for the Autonomous 
Communities. 
5 In theory some 5 200 persons are available for inspection work of one type or another. The real number 
is probably much smaller. 
6-/ 
Table 2 
Inspections carried out annually by Member States 
Belgium 
Denmark 
Germany 
Greece 
Spain 
France 
Ireland 
Italy 
Netherlands 
Portugal 
Finland 
Sweden 
United Kingdom INSPECTIONS 
ONSHORE 
106 
n.c. 
9155 
448' 
n.c. 
n.c. 
10900 
10719 
n.c. 
40720 
328' 
386' 
12503 
(+58829) INSPECTIONS 
OFFSHORE 
87 
n.c. 
4879 
n.c. 
9383 
n.c. 
12410 
n.c. 
4393 
3337 FLEET S12É 
(approx. no.) 
124 
154 
429 
2067 
79 
841 
1119 
559 
248 
2370 
639 
490 
229 FLEET SIZE 
(1000 GT) 
22 
62 
68 
528 
8 
128 
187 
55 
43 
179 
176 
97 
36 FLEET SIZE 
(*000 kW) 
61 
89 
189 
1042 
31 
454 
554 
176 
118 
697 
488 
218 
120 
Source: Member States' reports and Eurostat. 
Total onshore and offshore. 
LL 
Table 2a 
RESULTS OF INSPECTION BY THE MEMBER STATES' AUTHORITIES OF FISHING ACTIVITIES IN 1994 
Belgium 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
49 
1 
48 BE 
46 
1 
45 DK DE ES FR 
3 
. 3 IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
Denmark 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
n.c. 
n.c. 
n.c. 
n.c. BE DK DE ES FR IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
Germany 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
432 
226 
206 BE 
2 
2 DK 
2 
2 DE 
407 
222 
185 ES FR IR NL 
18 
2 
16 PT FI 
• SE UK 
3 
3 Other 
Greece 
(T) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
448 BE DK DE 
t ES FR IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
T OTAL A = OFFICIAL WRITTEN WARNING S =ADMINISTRATIVE PENALTY PENALTY R = INFRINGEMENT BROUGHT TO COURT 
Spain 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
n.c. 
n.c. 
n.c. 
n.c. BE DK DE ES FR IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
France 
Data 
incomplete (T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
1148 BE 
11 DK DE ES 
62 FR 
1042 IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
32 
Ireland 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
n.c. 
n.c. 
n.c. 
n.c. BE DK DE ES 
. FR IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
Italy 
(T) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
526 BE DK DE ES FR IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
T = TOTAL A - OFFICIAL WRITTEN WARNING S «ADMINISTRATIVE PENALTY PENALTY R - INFRINGEMENT BROUGHT TO COURT 
Netherlands 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
357 
127 
2 
230 BE 
10 
2 
8 DK DE ES FR IR NL 
347 
125 
2 
222 PT FI SE UK Other 
Autria 
Portugal 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
2644 
3 
276 
2365 BE DK DE ES 
65 
2 
63 FR IR NL PT 
2562 
3 
271 
2288 FI SE 
-UK Other 
17 
3 
14 
Finland 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
7 
6 
1 BE DK DE ES FR 
7 
6 
1 IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
1 » TOTAL A = OFFICIAL WRITTEN WARNING S «ADMINISTRATIVE PENALTY PENALTY R = INFRINGEMENT BROUGHT TO COURT 
Sweden 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
140 
3 
137 BE DK 
17 
17 DE ES FR IR NL PT FI 
4 
1 
3 SE 
101 
2 
99 UK Other 
18 
18 
United 
Kingdom 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
(R) Country of registration of vessel 
Total 
1493 
1363 
130 BE DK DE ES FR IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
EU 
(T) 
(A) 
(S) 
W Country of registration of vessel 
Total BE DK DE ES FR IR NL PT FI SE UK Other 
T = TOTAL A = OFFICIAL WRITTEN WARNING S «ADMINISTRATIVE PENALTY PENALTY R = INFRINGEMENT BROUGHT TO COURT 
TABLE 3 
Comparative Table of Inspections and Objectives 1995 
DAYS 
JArea / Country NAFO Tuna BEL DNK DEU ESP FRA GBR GRC IRL ITA NLD PRT SFL SWE ITOTAL 
Main objectives 
Joint International Inspection duties 
Drifnet control 
EU-Morocco agreement 
Mediterraneran Technical Measures (EC N" 1626/94) 
Fishing Fleet Register (EC N° 109/94 and 493/96) 
CONTROL - Engine Power (EC N° 2847/93 art. 26) 
CONTROL - Fishing Capacity - Gear (EC N* 2847/93 art. 25) 
CONTROL - Transport Documentation (EC N° 2847/93 art. 13) 
CONTROL - Inspection and monitoring (EC N* 2847/93 art.2) 
Logbook regulation (EC N" 2847/93) - Catch Statistics 
Industrial Fisheries (EEC N* 954/87 -Sampling) 
Marketing standards (EC N° 103/76) 
TECHNICAL MEASURES - Nets and attachments (EC N° 3094/86) 
TECHNICAL MEASURES - Undersized fish (EC N' 3094/86) 
TECHNICAL MEASURES - Prohibited Areas (EC N° 3094/86 art. 9) 
Baltic Cod fishery 306 
360 
10 2 
1 
1 
11 
7 
9 
5 4 
3 
6 
4 10 
5 
16 
10 
7 
JTQTAL NUMBER OF DAYS 306 360 15 31 48 41 33 14 36 10 58 29 10 
TABLE 3 
Comparative Table of Inspections and Objectives 1995 
400 
350 
300 
250 4-
200 
150 
100 Comparative Table of Inspections 1995 
[• Series 1 "n 
Place of Mission 400 
350 
300 
250 
£ 200 Q 
150 
100 
50 4 Comparative Table of Objectives 1995 
[•Series^ 
Objectives 


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