EN    EN  COMMISSION OF THE E UROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 22.10.2004 
COM(2004)707 final 
  
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSI ON TO THE CO UNCIL AND THE 
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 
on the results of the final evaluation of th e EU Drugs Strategy and Action Plan on Drugs 
(2000-2004) 
 
EN 2   EN 1. T HE EU DRUGS STRATEGY AND THE EU ACTION PLAN ON DRUGS (2000-2004) 
In 1999, the Commission presented a Communication on a European Union Action Plan to 
Combat Drugs (2000 – 2004)1. Based on this the Helsinki Eu ropean Council endorsed the EU 
Strategy on Drugs for 2000-20042. The Strategy calls for a multidisciplinary and integrated 
approach  to drugs where drug demand and supply re duction are seen as equally important and 
mutually reinforcing parts of a balanced strategy.  
In June 2000, the Feira European Council ad opted the EU Action Plan on Drugs 2000-20043. 
This Action Plan translated the EU Drugs Strategy into approximately one hundred concrete actions to be taken by the Member States, the Commission, the European Monitoring Centre for 
Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) and Europol. 
The Action Plan states that the Commission should organise appropriate evaluations at mid-term 
and upon completion of the EU Drugs Strategy 2000-2004. In November 2002 the Commission 
presented a Communication on the mid-term evaluation
4. 
This Communication presents the results of the final evaluation and lays the foundation for the 
future evolution of EU drugs policy on the basis of  the lessons learnt from the implementation of 
current policy.  
2. A IM AND PROCESS OF THE FINAL EVALUATION  
2.1. Aim  
The aim of the final evaluation is to assess the le vel of achievement of the activities set out in the 
Action Plan, to assess the extent to which this meets the objectives of the Drugs Strategy and to assess the impact of both the Drugs Strategy and the Action Plan on the drug situation in the 
European Union. 
Drug policy impact evaluation is  still developing and the lack of precise and quantifiable 
operational objectives in the present Drugs Stra tegy and Action Plan does not make the task 
simple. However, the process of impact evaluation and of defining key indicators and tools that in the future may serve as quality standards for ad opting new strategies and policies has started. 
2.2. Process 
This evaluation commenced in April 2003 with th e establishment of a steering group (comprised 
of representatives of the Commission, the four Member States having the Presidency during 
2003-2004, the EMCDDA and Europol) to oversee a nd provide guidance in relation to the final 
                                                
 
1 COM (1999) 239 final of 26.5.1999 
2 Cordrogue 64 Rev 3, 12555/3/99, 1.12.1999 
3 Cordrogue 32, 9283/00, 7.6.2000 
4 COM (2002) 599 final, 4.11.2002 
 
EN 3   EN evaluation. This group has met on four occasions to determine the evaluation tools and methods 
and to monitor the process. 
In November 2003 a questionnaire was sent to the then Member States5 to obtain details of 
actions in the Action Plan implemented by them (Annex 1). A similar follow up table was sent to the relevant Commission services, the EMCDDA and Europol (Annex 2).  
A series of thematic papers were prepared by the EMCDDA and the Commission focusing on 
particular aspects of the drugs issue
6. The EMCDDA together with Europol developed a 
statistical snapshot which contains core data  on the drugs situation in 1999 and in 2002-20037.  
A Eurobarometer survey was carried out in Apri l/May 2004 on the attitudes/perceptions of young 
people to drugs8. The main results obtained are compared with the results of a similar survey 
conducted in 2002. In addition, the final report on Law enforcement and its role in fighting drug 
trafficking9, the implementation plans regarding the supply of synthetic drugs10 and on demand 
and supply reduction11, the report approved by the Council on progress in their implementation12 
and other initiatives taken (Annex 3 ) were taken into account. 
The data taken from the various sources was anal ysed to highlight the main achievements over 
the period and to highlight areas where further progre ss is needed. It was also used to assess the 
level of achievement of the activities set out in the Action Plan and to assess the extent to which 
achievement of the Action Plan met the objectives of the Drugs Strategy. The statistical snapshot provides the basis for the assessment of the impa ct of the Drug Strategy and Action Plan on the 
drug situation. The data provided for the final ev aluation ranges over the period 1999 to June 
2004.  
3. MAIN
 ACHIEVEMENTS  AND  AREAS  WHERE  FURTHER  PROGRESS  IS 
NEEDED 
3.1. Coordination 
Achievements at national level 
• Since 1999, more developed national drugs stra tegies have been adopted by Member States. 
Most of them cover the entire range of drug-related activities. 
                                                 
5  Unless otherwise indicated, references to the Member States are to the former 15 Member States 
6 The papers are available on www.emcdda.eu.int  or on www.europa.eu.int/comm/justice_home  and 
www.europa.eu.int/comm/taxation_customs 
7 Available on www.emcdda.eu.int 
8 See www.europa.eu.int/comm/justice_home  
9 Crimorg 43 Rev 3, 9615/3/03 
10 Cordrogue 81 Rev 2, 12452/2/02 
11 Cordrogue 40, Rev 2, 8926/2/03 
12 Cordrogue 43, 10481/04  
 
EN 4   EN • The awareness among Member States of the need of a multidisciplinary coordination in the 
field of drugs has increased. All Member States acknowledge that it is an essential element of drugs policy, even if there is no single definition of the term ‘coordination’.  
Areas where further progress is needed at national level 
• National drugs coordination needs to be extend ed to all areas of drugs policy, including 
regular consultation with civil society.  
• More prior coordination at national level (e.g. between public health, justice and home affairs, 
external relations and budget authorities) would be  helpful to delegations in articulating their 
positions within the Council. 
Achievements at EU level 
• Since the adoption of the Action Plan, meetings of the national drugs coordinators have taken 
place twice a year. 
• The Commission issued a Communication on drugs coordination in 2003. A paper with the 
views of the Horizontal Drugs Group on the Communication ha s been discussed. 
Areas where further progress is needed at EU level 
• Adequate follow-up of the Commission Comm unication on drugs coordination has to be 
ensured. The meetings of the national coordinato rs should be more focused on specific issues.  
• The Commission should strengthen and streamline its internal coordination mechanisms: a 
more visible and operational coor dination of all the services involved in the drugs dossier is 
required. Its structural links with the EMCDDA should continue. 
• There is no clear division of responsibilities am ong the Council worki ng groups dealing with 
drug issues. The Horizontal Drugs Group should have overall responsibility for co-ordination 
of the work of the different groups on drug issues.  
• Civil society has not been regularly consulted in the formulation of EU policy on drugs and 
such consultation should become a regular featur e. This will be the subject of a Commission 
Communication in 2005. 
3.2. Information and evaluation 
Achievements at national level 
• The availability and the quality of the data on the drug situation have improved in most 
Member States, as has the political support nece ssary for specific information and evaluation 
activities. 
 
EN 5   EN • All Member States have agreed to apply the five key epidemiological indicators13 and to 
provide comparable and consolidated data. 
• Some Member States have progressed on the development of tools for the regular assessment 
of the effectiveness of their actions in the field of drugs.  
Areas where further progress is needed at national level 
• The systematic monitoring of the implementa tion of national drugs strategies/action plans 
should be improved. Progress is also needed  to ensure regular assessment of their 
implementation. 
• Member States should pursue efforts towards full implementation of the epidemiological 
indicators. 
• The provision of information on public expenditure in the field of drugs and the analysis of the 
cost-effectiveness ratio of policies need further improvement.  
Achievements at EU level 
• The availability and quality of data and informa tion on the drug situation have been improved 
mainly through the work of the EMCDDA and the National Focal Points. 
• The final evaluation process has led to the deve lopment of key methodological tools and the 
creation of a steering group which could provide a framework for future evaluations of EU drugs policies. 
• The exchange of information on emerging trends in drug use has improved, partly, as a result 
of the establishment of an early warning system in the framework of the Joint Action on synthetic drugs.
14  
Areas where further progress is needed at EU level 
• There is a lack on information on drug related crime and more work needs to be done on the 
appropriate indicators, taking into account the work of the EMCDDA and Europol in this 
field. 
• Mechanisms for monitoring emerging trends in  drug use should be improved. Research on 
such trends should be further developed. 
                                                 
13 1. The extent and pattern of drug use in the general population 2. The prevalence of problem drug use 3. 
The demand for treatment by drug users 4. The number of drug-related deaths and the mortality of drug users and 5. The rates of drug-related infectious diseases.  
14 OJ L 167, 25.06.1997, p. 1 
 
EN 6   EN 3.3. Demand reduction  
Achievements at national level 
• The awareness of the need to take  preventive actions starting from an early age is clear for all 
Member States. They have created global prev ention programmes involving relevant experts 
and civil society. 
• Specific prevention projects aimed at tackling poly-drug use and the abuse of licit and illicit 
substances are increasingly implemented. Info rmation campaigns are increasingly directed 
towards target groups and address risk behaviour and addiction in general.  
• Most Member States have increased the funding for and the availability of treatment services 
and diversified the range of treatment options.  
• In all Member States more attention is being pa id to drug-using offenders as illustrated by the 
increase in community-based alternatives to incarceration and the greater availability of prison-based psychosocial and health interventions.  
• All Member States have undertaken research into  the effects of driving under the influence of 
illicit drugs and medication and some of them  have introduced stricter control measures. 
Areas where further progress is needed at national level 
• More regular assessment of the effectivenes s of measures to reduce health-related harm 
associated with drug dependence and of treatment measures should be carried out.  
• Member States should create recognised qualifications for professionals in the areas of drug 
prevention and reduction of health-related  harm associated with drug dependence.  
Achievements at EU level 
• The Council adopted a number of resolutions on drug prevention issues (cf. Annexe 3). 
• The Programme of Community Action on the Prevention of Drug Dependence (1996-2002)
15 
and the New Public Health Programme (2003-2008)16 have provided co-funding for drug 
prevention projects. Treatment is an emerging issue. 
• A Council Recommendation on the prevention and reduction of health-related harm associated 
with drug dependence was adopted in 200317. 
                                                 
15  OJ L 19, 22.1.1997, p. 25 
16 OJ L 271, 9.10.2002, p. 1 
17 OJ L 165, 03.07.2003, p. 31 
 
EN 7   EN • A European Community road safety action programme18 and a Council Resolution on 
combating the impact of psychoactive  substances use on road accidents19 have been adopted. 
Both take into account the effects of al cohol, drugs and medicines on driving.  
Areas where further progress is needed at EU level 
• The EU should promote further research on the biomedical, psychosocial and other factors 
behind drug use and addiction, especially in ar eas, where such research is still limited (e.g. 
long term use of cannabis or synthetic drugs).  
• The dissemination of reliable and high qualit y information and best practices should be 
improved. 
• The Commission will follow up on the key points of the 2003 Council Recommendation 
mentioned above. 
3.4. Supply Reduction 
Achievements at national level 
• Within most Member States co-operation be tween law enforcement agencies has been 
improved through the establishment/reinforcement of structures and activities such as joint 
police/customs teams, joint enforcement operations and memoranda of understanding. 
• More Member States now seem to be able to operate in accordance with the provisions of 
Article 17 (Illicit Traffic by Sea) of the 1988 UN Convention against illicit traffic in narcotic 
drugs and psychotropic substances. 
• All Member States have transposed into na tional law the first money laundering Directive20 
and 11 have transposed its amending Directive21. In addition Member States have introduced 
new measures to reduce money laundering su ch as powers to oppose transactions and 
increased powers for the control of trave llers who import large sums of money. 
• 10 Member States have transposed the provisions of the Council Framework Decision on joint 
investigation teams22 and/or have ratified the EU Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance in 
Criminal Matters23 or have indicated that legislation in place already enables the setting up of 
such teams. 
                                                 
18 COM(2003)311 final 
19 Cordrogue 97, 13.11.2003 
20 Directive 91/308/EEC, 0J L166, 28.06.1991, p. 77-83 
21 Directive 2001/97/CE , OJ L 344, 28.12.2001, p. 76 
22 OJ L 162, 20.06.2002, p.1 
23 OJ C 197, 12.07.2000, p. 1 
 
EN 8   EN • 10 Member States have ratified the Conventi on on mutual assistance and co-operation 
between customs administrations (Naples II)24. 14 Member States have  ratified the Convention 
on the use of information technology for customs purposes (CIS)25. 
Areas where further progress is needed at national level 
• Those Member States which do not report having  formal structures for co-operation between 
their national law enforcement agencies should consider establishing such formal structures as 
appropriate. 
• Member States should ensure that  they have the necessary proced ures in place to enable them 
to operate in accordance with the provisions of Article 17 of the 1988 UN Convention and 
should consider the establishment of a guide regarding its implementation.  
• Member States which have not done so sh ould transpose the second money laundering 
Directive26, the Council Framework Decision on joint investigation teams and/or ratify the EU 
Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters and ratify the Naples II 
Convention and the CIS Convention.  
Achievements at EU level 
• Co-operation between law enforcement agencies at EU level has been improved through the 
establishment/reinforcement of structures, the activities of Europol and Eurojust and activities 
such as joint investigations, joint customs oper ations, maritime co-operation, joint teams, and 
police and customs co-operation centres.  
• A number of EU projects (e.g. CASE, EELS and EILCS) aimed at identifying the production 
and trafficking of synthetic drugs have  been established and are ongoing.  
• Since 2000, five substances have been made subj ect to EU wide control measures on the basis 
of the Joint Action on synthetic drugs.  
• EU financing programmes such as AGIS27 have played a significant role in facilitating co-
operation between the Member States’ law enforcement authorities.  
• Political agreement has been reached on th e Council Framework Decision laying down 
minimum provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of 
illicit drug trafficking28. Its formal adoption is expected shortly. 
                                                 
24 OJ C 24, 23.01.1998, p. 2 
25 OJ C 316, 27.11.95, p. 34 
26 Cf. footnote 21 
27 OJ L 203, 01.08.2002, p. 5 
28 COM (2001) 259 final 
 
EN 9   EN • A Regulation of the European Parliament a nd of the Council on drug precursors (intra-
Community trade) has been adopted.29 A proposal for a Council Regulation on the external 
trade in drug precursors 30 has been presented by the Commission.  
• OLAF has facilitated an important exchange of in formation relating to the risk of diversion of 
precursors and continues to support the Yachtinfo and Marinfo systems. 
• The further development of a permanent Operat ional Co-ordination Unit to support Joint 
Customs Operations is under discussion. 
• The Commission has adopted a proposal for a third Directive on money laundering31. 
• The adoption of the Council Decision32 on the exchange of information between Financial 
Intelligence Units (FIUs) has provided a better framework for cooperation. 
• A number of Member States are involved in di scussions with regard to forming joint teams 
and giving their police and judicial authorities a dditional, far-reaching powers to operate on 
each other’s territories. 
Areas where further progress is needed at EU level 
• Member States should establish joint investigatio n teams to deal with drug trafficking between 
them, as provided for in the Council Framework Decision and the Convention. 
• Further developing joint operations between law enforcement agencies of the Member States 
should be discussed. The establishment and resu lts of these operations should be reported to 
the Council and the Commission.  
• Further developments in operations to tackle the production in and trafficking of synthetic 
drugs should be explored. The suggestions fo r mapping distribution networks presented by the 
Commission could be a useful starting point in this process. 
• The Council Recommendation on the alignment of law enforcement drug and diverted 
precursors statistics should be fully implemented33. 
• The third Directive on money laundering should be adopted by the European Parliament and 
the Council as soon as possible. 
                                                 
29 OJ L 47, 18.02.2004, p. 1 
30 COM (2004) 244 final 
31 COM (2004) 448, 30.06.04 
32 OJ L 271, 24.10.2000, p. 4 
33 Stup 26, 30.10.2001, Stup 29, 13.11.01 
 
EN 10   EN 3.5. Enlargement 
Although enlargement did not take  place until eight months before  the end of the period covered 
by the Drugs Strategy, drugs initiatives form part  of the EU acquis. All new Member States and 
two of the candidate countries have responded on a voluntary basis to the Commission questionnaire
34. A summary of this data will be included in a separate report. 
Achievements  
• The PHARE programme and other relevant Co mmunity programmes have been especially 
useful in familiarising the new Member States and candidate countries with the drugs elements 
of the acquis.  
• Almost all Member States have provided assistance to the new Member States in their efforts 
to deal with drug abuse and drug trafficking. Member States have provided similar assistance 
to the candidate countries. 
• All the new Member States have transposed th e drugs elements of the acquis into their 
national legislation and the candidate co untries are in the process of doing so. 
• The JHA Chapter of the acquis has been provisi onally closed for Bulgaria and negotiations 
with Romania are progressing. 
• The agreements with Bulgaria, Romania and Tu rkey for participation in the work of the 
EMCDDA have been initialled. 
Areas where further progress is needed  
• There should be close co-operation with the new Member States and candidate countries in the 
implementation of the drugs elements of the acquis. 
• The new Member States should make full use of the AGIS and other relevant programmes to 
facilitate co-operation with other Member States.  
• The agreements with three candidate countries to enable them to participate in the work of the 
EMCDDA should enter into force as soon as possible  
• The PHARE programme and other Community programmes should continue to provide 
assistance to the candidate countries in the drugs field. 
                                                 
34 See Section 2.2 
 
EN 11   EN 3.6. International cooperation 
Achievements at national level 
• Member States provide drug-related assistance to third countries on a bilateral basis and/or 
through the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). 
• A number of Member States co-operate with third countries to develop and improve anti 
money laundering systems. 
Areas where further progress is needed at national level 
• All Member States should systematically feed  the database created by the Commission on the 
technical assistance projects in candidate and third countries in the field of drugs. 
• Member States should regularly inform the C ouncil and the Commission of their bilateral 
activities in third countries and regions.  
Achievements at EU level 
• The Commission is concentrating its efforts on the two main trafficking routes to the EU.  
• The Commission has kept the Council regularly info rmed of its drug-related  assistance in third 
countries/regions and of the improved integrat ed process through which it finances drug 
projects in third countries/regions. 
• In the context of the European Neighbourhood Policy, Action Plans with a number of 
countries are under discussion. These plans normally include a section dealing with drugs. 
• All relevant Community and EU external agreements contain specific provisions on drugs.  
Areas where further progress is needed at EU level 
• The Member States and the Commission should continue to ensure coordinated EU positions 
in international fora dealing with the drug s issue, in particular the UN Commission on 
Narcotic Drugs. 
• Member States and the Commission should contin ue to link the drug-related assistance they 
provide to Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean and the Western Balkan countries to 
the drugs action plans adopted with these region s. In this regard an appropriate funding 
mechanism might be considered.  
• There is a need to ensure a link between the adoption of new EU drugs action plans for various 
regions of the world and the allocation of resources for their implementation.  
• Member State drugs experts should continue to participate actively in emphasising drug issues 
when Country/Regional programming documents are being developed/reviewed. Better co-
 
EN 12   EN ordination should exist between the Geographica l Working Parties and the Horizontal Drugs 
Group.  
• New emergencies and trends in drug use and production in specific countries/regions should 
be monitored and taken into consideration.  
• The existing mechanisms for international co-ordination in the drugs field, such as the Dublin 
Group, should be  fully utilised. 
4. C ONCLUSIONS  
I. Assessment of the level of achievement of the activities set out in the Action Plan 
• Around 95 per cent of the actions set out in the EU Action Plan on Drugs have been 
implemented or are in some stage of being implemented. 
• The EU Drugs Strategy and Action Plan have been  taken as a central reference point for action 
and have provided a framework for drug-related activities and initiatives at national and EU 
level.  
• Almost all Member States have adopted a natio nal drugs strategy or action plan. Among the 
elements in these national drugs strategies and action plans, there are common patterns with 
the EU approach, as outlined in th e EU Drugs Strategy and Action Plan. 
II. Assessment of the extent to which achievement of the Action Plan met the objectives of 
the Drugs Strategy 
• There can be little doubt that the implementa tion of the actions in the Action Plan has 
contributed to the achievement, to a greater or lesser extent, of the 11 aims of the EU Drugs 
Strategy. 
III. Assessment of the impact on the drug situation 
• To some extent at least, progress has been made in achieving some of the targets of the EU 
Drugs Strategy (Target 2 and, in particular, Target 3)35.  
• Based upon the evaluation tools, no strong evidence exists to support the contention that the 
goal of Target 1 to significantly reduce drug use prevalence has been achieved or that fewer 
young people are using drugs. However, the snapsh ot data suggests that  overall a levelling off 
in the upward trend in drug use prevalence may be seen, even though it is at what may be considered as historically high levels.  
                                                
 
35 For further exploration see the snapshot and the thematic paper “Main lessons from investigation of 
evaluation in the drug policy field in the European Union” on the EMCDDA’s website. 
 
EN 13   EN • Similarly, the available information does not su ggest that the availability of drugs has been 
reduced substantially (Target 4). At the same ti me, Targets 4 and 5 taken together have been a 
catalyst for a number of EU level initiatives that have strengthened law enforcement measures 
against drug trafficking and supply.  
• A number of important initiatives have also b een taken to combat money laundering (Target 
6.1). With regard to Target 6.2, Member States participate in a number of important initiatives 
to combat the diversion of precursors, such as the European Joint Unit on Precursors. 
Important proposals have been brought forward to amend the Community legislation in the field of the control of trade in precursors. 
5. PROPOSALS 
• The future EU Drugs Strategy should contain clea r and precise objectives and priorities that 
can be translated into operational indicators a nd actions in the future Action Plans, with 
responsibility and deadlines for their implementati on clearly defined. In formation systems and 
evaluation tools should be taken into consid eration when setting these objectives and 
priorities. 
• Continued progress should be made in the availability, quality and comparability of 
information on monitoring the drugs situation.  
• The Commission will bring forward a proposal in the beginning of 2005 fo r an Action Plan on 
Drugs 2005-2008. In addition, the Commission will draw up an annual progress review on the implementation of this action plan and will organise an impact assessment in 2008, with a 
view to proposing a second Action Plan for the period 2009-2012. During 2009-2012, annual progress reviews will continue to be drawn up by the Commission. In 2012 the Commission 
will organise an overall evaluation of the EU  Drugs Strategy and Action Plans that will be 
presented to the Council and the European Parliament.  
• The objectives of the new Drugs Strategy and Action Plans should be reflected in the Multi-
annual Programme consolidating the area  of freedom, security and justice. 
• The primary focus of the work of the Council’s Horizontal Drugs Group should be on moving 
forward and monitoring the implementation of the actions set out in the future EU Action Plans on Drugs, as well as having a leading role in co-ordinating the work of the other Council 
groups on drug issues. 
• There are many interesting and useful activities  in the drugs field being implemented. The 
results of these activities shou ld be more widely shared to promote similar activities 
elsewhere. In this context, consideration shoul d be given to having an annual seminar on an 
aspect of drugs policy linked to these activities.  
• This final evaluation should be taken into acco unt in the development of the new EU Drugs 
Strategy 2005-2012. 
 
EN 14   EN ANNEX 1  
Summary of 15 Member States responses to the questionnaire on the implementation of the 
EU Action Plan on Drugs (2000-2004)  
1. Co-ordination  
1.2.2 What steps has your country taken toward s the establishment or the strengthening of 
the national co-ordination mechanisms since 1999? Has your country appointed a National 
Drugs Co-ordinator in the related period? Does  your country envisage carrying out or has 
your country carried out an evaluation  of the co-ordinat ion mechanisms?  
All Member States recognise the importance of co ordinating the activities of the multiple actors 
involved in the drugs issue. They report to have mechanisms in place for coordinating their national drugs policies. Member States have adop ted different models of coordination, depending 
on their national administrative structures and on the aspects of the fight against drugs they 
intend to focus on; some have interdepartmental committees, some have appointed national drug coordinators (e.g. France, Germany, Luxembourg , Portugal, Italy, Spain and Sweden) and/or 
established dedicated coordination units or bodies (e.g. Austria, Greece, Ireland, Finland). Some, 
however, lack coordination mechanisms that cove r all aspects. Few Member States provide for 
evaluation of their coordination mechanisms. 
1.2.4 In what way has your country ensured a balanced and multidisciplinary approach in 
national drugs programmes and policies and their implementation? 
The importance of maintaining a multidisciplinary and balanced approach is clearly recognised 
by all Member States. Most have adopted a na tional plan or strategy on drugs (Belgium 
Denmark, Greece, Finland, Ireland, L uxembourg, Portugal, Spain and the UK).  
1.3.2 Has your country developed a specific st rategy for co-operation with civil society 
regarding drug abuse? Pl ease give details.  
Most Member States make provisions for involving civil society in the fields of prevention, 
health care and treatment, mainly at local level. Most of them also consult civil society on an ad 
hoc basis, e.g. for specific projects. Many Me mber States mention financial support for 
community groups and organisations as a way of cooperating with civil society.  
Some countries (Germany, Greece, Ireland, and Sweden) have more regular contacts with the 
networks of NGOs, the voluntary sector, associ ations, etc. These countries recognise the 
importance of linking policy making and practice through dialogue with civil society, but also 
refer to the supporting work done by thes e organisations to influence public opinion. 
1.4.2. In which way has your country enco uraged the provision of funding for the 
prevention of drug use, the prevention of drug related crime, the reduction of the negative health and social consequences of drugs and other proactive measures? 
 
EN 15   EN Public expenditure on prevention and risk reduc tion programmes and measures are different from 
one country to another depending on the national administrative structure, ministerial budgets 
and social security systems. Some Member States (Belgium, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, and 
United Kingdom) indicate an increase of funding for drug-demand reduction. 
1.5 In which way has your country shared information with other Member States on 
national strategies and action plans? Has you r country made use of the EMCDDA database 
on drug laws, the Falcone and OISIN progra mmes or any other tools for information 
exchange and operational co-operation? Please describe.  
Member States consider other national measures, strategies and action plans as useful examples 
for orienting their own national debate. Very often information exchange is made via bilateral contacts and visits. The Horizontal Drugs Group and the meetings of the national coordinators 
are recognised as important occasions to share information and views. 
All Member States acknowledge the importance of  learning from the others and quote internet as 
an important source of information. Most of th em report regular input and consultation of the 
EMCDDA databases (EDDRA, ELDD).  
As far as law enforcement information sharing is  concerned, most Member States mention the 
Europol national liaison officers. All Member States were able to take part in joint projects co-
financed by the Commission’s OISIN and/or th e Falcone programmes. Since 2003 XXX (can we 
give a figure??) have received funding under the new AGIS programme
36. 
2. Information and Evaluation  
2.1.1 and 2.1.4 Does your country fully or partly provide information on the 5 key 
epidemiological indicators of the EMCDDA? If your country does not fully provide 
information on the 5 key epidem iological indicators when do you believe you will be in a 
position to do so? Please give brief descript ion of the evolution of political and financial 
support to implement the 5 harmonised key indicators. 
All Member States have established systems for the gathering and treatment of data which will 
provide comparable and reliable data on the 5 key epidemiologic indicators, and most Member 
States are able to provide (partial) information on all indicators. In order to improve the data 
quality of the used sources and to alleviate the la ck of information on some indicators, Member 
States have introduced the necessary amendments in their legislative systems, organised special 
workgroups composed of representatives fro m various Ministries, services, and NGOs 
specialised in the fight against drugs and active ly participated in EMCDDA workshops In most 
Member States, political and financial support pr ovided by the government for establishing the 
five indicators (particularly through the nationa l budget to the REITOX Network) is considered 
sufficient. 
                                                 
36 The AGIS programme (Framework programme on police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters) 
started in 2003 and incorporates previous Title VI programmes, such as Falcone and OISIN. 
 
EN 16   EN 2.2.6 and 2.2.7 Which measures are used in your country to assess the effectiveness of 
preventing and combating orga nised drug related crime? What kind of crime and policy 
indicators has your country developed? Has you r country drafted an annual assessment on 
the role of organised crime groups involved in drug trafficking? 
No unanimity exists among member States on the methodology used to evaluate the effectiveness 
of preventive actions and measures to fight orga nised crime related to drug-trafficking, but all 
annual reports include statistics which illustrate the number of confiscations and their quantities, 
the share of dismantled clandest ine laboratories, the number of arrests, the number of drug-
related deaths and other indicators of repressive actions by the relevant agencies. Member States 
contribute to the annual EU Organised Crime report, which includes a section on drugs, in 
accordance with the criteria set out in Enfopol 35 Rev 2 (21.4.1997). 
Some Member States undertake further research  on the linkage between drug phenomena and 
criminal activities, e.g. Ireland’s public surveys on  the nature of the policing, the visibility and 
perception of crime, including drug related crime.  
3. Reduction of Demand, Prevention of Drug Use and of Drug Related Crime  
3.1.1.1 Does your country have general progra mmes for the prevention of both licit and 
illicit drug use, including poly-drug use? In wh ich way, if any, does your country encourage 
the inclusion of drug use prevention in scho ol curricula? Are there programmes set-up to 
assist parents? If yes, please describe briefly. 
Member States underline the importance of prevention, and the need for better and accurate 
information campaigns and prevention programmes focused on the promotion of health as well as 
on the personal and social development of the young people. 
Prevention programmes can involve, among many other measures, the creation of prevention 
centres, specific training for experts and civil so ciety (teachers, parents, support organisations…), 
health professionals and even representatives of  the law enforcement services, working in the 
school environment and among young people. The importance of regular cooperation with young 
people’s associations, sports clubs, as well as taking preventive actions in nightclubs and major 
music and dance events ar e also stressed, in a way to prom ote healthy initiatives. Frequently 
decentralised, organised at loca l level in collaboration with th e local autorities and the civil 
society, whit a short duration, they address to youngsters and other target groups.  
Specific prevention projects aimed at tackling th e poly-drug use and the abuse of licit substances 
(alcohol, tobacco, doping substances and medicinal products) are more and more implemented in all Member States.  
Member States agree on the effectiveness of school based drug education programme, but only a 
few countries (France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Spain,  and UK) have clear references to illicit 
substances and their effects inscribed on the schools curriculum.  
 
EN 17   EN 3.1.1.3 Could you describe the way your country allocated resources for positive 
alternatives to drugs for youngsters, in part icular in socially deprived urban areas? 
Member States have many projects on positive alternatives to drug use specifically targeted on 
older children and adolescents in disadvantage d urban areas, namely through the creation of 
youth consultation centres that provide recreationa l, sports and educational activities with job 
counselling.  
The budget allocated to these prevention projects came from different sources: health, youth or 
social services, youth organisations as well as  local projects supported by local authorities. 
Sweden gives precise details on amounts allocated.  
3.1.1.4 Could you mention and describe briefl y a particularly innovative approach to the 
prevention of the abuse of synthe tic drugs develope d in your country? 
Member States are stressing their concern for th e increasing popularity of synthetic drugs in the 
European Union and underline the importance of school-based programmes and information campaigns aimed at young people, but also on the internet, in all media, as well as dance clubs 
and music festivals. The distribution of informative material, the implementation of risk 
reduction measures at parties, pill testing and cooperation with owners of night clubs, medical 
staff and police are also mentioned. 
3.1.2.1, 3.1.2.6, 3.1.2.7 Has your country deve loped outreach work and/or easy accessible 
services for drug users? Which steps were taken to increase access and availability of 
services designed to reach dr ug abusers who were not integr ated or covered by mainstream 
services? Please describe these briefly. Which were the strategies for vaccinating drug users 
against hepatitis A and B? 
Several Member States ha ve adopted integrated policies for risk reduction which propose « low-
threshold » services, such as programmes for syri nge exchange, condom distribution, access to 
substitution treatments and drug cons umption rooms. Certain high risk groups such as addicted 
pregnant women, homeless people, prostitutes and prison inmates can benefit from specific 
programmes. Vaccination against Hepatitis B, prev ention and treatment of contagious diseases 
linked to intravenous drug abuse has been recogn ised as priorities by all Member States.  
3.1.2.2, 3.1.2.3, 3.3.1 Please report briefly on any awareness raising campaigns carried out 
on the dangers related to drug use as well as on major programmes on the reduction of 
risks and consequences related to use. Do the actions target all age groups, in particular 
children and young people? In what sense have these campaigns been innovative and have made use of new means of communicatio n such as, for example, the Internet? 
All Member states underline the importance of information/awareness campaigns on drug related 
risks and organise regular campaigns in the media for the general public, as well as specific ones 
directed at target groups. Campaigns aimed at spec ific substances (cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy…) 
are also mentioned. The spread of hotlines on drugs and the use of internet in the field of demand reduction seem to be increasing in all countries. 
 
EN 18   EN Sweden gives a number of examples of messag es aimed at young at young people in different 
campaign contexts. Finland mentionnes a specific emphasis in the use of internet in drug demand reduction. 
3.1.2.4 In which way does your country ensure th at enough attention is paid to drug related 
issues in training and education of doctors, social workers and other professionals in the 
health and social sector? Are they included in the curricula of the education of these 
professionals? 
Training of teachers, social workers, health prof essionals, and law enforcement representatives is 
a priority in all Member States and budgets ha ve been allocated for th is purpose. In several 
countries (Ireland, France, Germany, Portugal), sp ecialisations in addiction, alcoholism, , and 
new substitution treatments are organised with in the context of university courses.  
3.1.2.5 Has any research been carried out in your country about the effects of driving under 
the influence of illicit drugs and pharmaceutic als? If yes, could you  please summarize the 
results which could be relevant for policy decisions? 
Several Member States (Belgium, Denmark, Fr ance, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Spain, The 
Netherlands, Finland and UK) announced having u ndertaken research on driving under the 
influence of illegal substances, or in associatio n with alcohol and/or medicines. In many cases 
legislation was reviewed and controls and sancti ons reinforced. On the other hand, even though 
testing for alcohol is compulsory, testing driver s involved in accidents for narcotics is not yet 
systematic. 
3.1.3.1 Which are the types of treatment servic es for drugs users, and measures to assist 
severely dependent individuals, including meas ures to reduce the health related damages 
provided in your country?  Please describe briefly 
In accordance with their national situation and le gislation, Member States have diversified drug 
care systems, which can include day-care centre s, detoxification units, therapeutic communities, 
substitution centres, aftercare prog rammes and special units in prison s. Frequently carried out at 
local level and in collaboration with NGO’s, th ey are directed towards different age groups, 
gender specific needs and drug dependent pe ople in different stag es of dependence. 
Some Member States have also underlined the existence of drug consumption rooms and 
programmes of medical heroin delivery (Belgium, Germany). 
3.1.3.2 Which are the average waiting periods for accessing treatment in your country? 
Member States indicate that, after investments in treatment services mainly  at local level, there 
are no waiting periods for accessing treatment othe r than for residential treatment and substitution 
treatment. 
 
EN 19   EN 3.1.3.3 Has your country defined guidelines  for the standards and goals of treatment 
services, and ensured the evidence-based evalua tion of these treatments? If yes, please 
briefly describe the outcome. Does your country have a national protocol on treatment 
assessment? 
The majority of Member States has not developed models for the systematic and global 
evaluation of drug treatment. However, scientific  research on the effectiveness of the proposed 
measures is undertaken using the monitoring of drug-addicts under treatment (among other 
indicators).  
3.1.3.4 In which way does your country ensure that  adequate attention is paid to the social 
and professional integration of former addicts?  Please describe briefly the most relevant 
measures adopted in this area, including any projects implemented under the Community 
Programmes between 1999 and 2003 
The professional and social integration of drug addicts, considered very important by all Member 
States, is promoted in co-operation with NGO’s, local authorities and the business community, to provide for educational programmes, vocational tr aining and special employment opportunities 
for ex-addicts. The Netherlands and UK underline the programmes aimed at tackling this issue 
within the criminal justice system and the measures to prepare the drug misusing offender reintegration into the labour market. 
3.2.2 Have the resources for research into the biomedical and social causes of addiction, 
prevention and behavioural patterns of drug consumption been modified during the 
reference period? 
Several Member States indicate that they do not ha ve exact figures for functions allocated to drug 
research, by the government departments, un iversities, NGOs, and research institutes. 
Nevertheless, they stress the importance of st udies on epidemiology, public health and social 
sciences in achieving a better definition of public policies. 
3.2.3 Has your country identified new areas wh ere it is considered useful to implement 
actions at the European level to co ntribute to reduce drug-related harm? 
New consumption trends, international and trans- border cooperation are areas generally identified 
as deserving greater attention within the EU.  
3.3.2 How has your country addressed risk beha viour and addiction in general, including 
aspects of alcohol, medicine, substances us ed for doping in sport and tobacco use? 
Member States’ strategies and policies are increa singly geared towards addictions in general, 
linking licit and illicit drugs, with special measures concerning al cohol, tobacco, doping 
substances and abuse of medici nal products. Belgium also takes into account gambling and food 
dependency.  
 
EN 20   EN 3.4.1.1 What programmes have be en set-up in your country to promote best practices in the 
prevention of criminal activities linked with drugs, juvenile  and urban delinquency? 
The prevention of drug related crime, juvenile and urban delinquency is a priority for Member 
States which have allocated funds for programme s based on in-service training of police and 
other prevention agents, information campaigns on drugs and measures for the development of a healthy lifestyle through sports, leisure and educa tional activities, acquisition of specific skills, 
implementation of peer groups, counselling/follow up, cultural activities, and 
treatment/counselling activities. 
In the Netherlands, the project “Communities that  care”, which involves civil society, aims to 
create a safe and liveable environment for young people.  
3.4.2 and 3.4.3 Could you describe the mechanisms  in place to provide alternatives to Prison 
(in particular for young offenders). Which meas ures have been forese en to provide drug 
prevention and treatment services and, where appropriate, measures to reduce health 
damages in prisons and upon release from prison? 
In several Member States(Portugal, Denmark…), depending the penal system and on the basis of 
the voluntary acceptance of treatment, a large spec trum of alternative measures is proposed to 
drug addicts in order to avoid incarceration: financial penalties and administrative sanctions, 
community work, vocational tr aining and follow-up, etc. 
In view of the high level of drug consumption in prisons, some countries have introduced risk 
reduction measures, such as vaccination progr ammes, needles exchange , drug free rooms, 
substitution treatments by  methadone, etc.  
3.4.4 Please mention the main examples of shar ing with other Member States best practices 
on the handling of drugs addicts in the justice system. In what way were the results of the 
study prepared by the EMCDDA in th is field considered by your country 
Some Member States refer to sharing best practice s in the treatment of drug addicts in the justice 
system through active participation in the European Union Crime Prevention Network (EUCPN) and the European Network Drugs Services in Pris on (ENDSP), as well as cooperation with other 
Member States within the EMCDDA and the Pompidou Group.  
The study of the EMCDDA is referred to by only few countries. 
3.5.1, 3.5.2, 3.5.3 In view of the need to develop expertise in the prevention of drug use, has 
your country promoted the creation of co-ordinated qualification skills in this area? What 
has been done in order to encourage the development and implementation of a network of trainers and other professionals in the health and social sector? How have the best practices 
been promoted and brought to the attention of other Member States and the Commission? 
Training of prevention agents is deemed paramount in all Member States, although efforts must 
still be made to create formal qualifications.  
 
EN 21   EN In the context of health promotion strategies, expert networks and specialised training centres 
have been established to ensure permanent training of the various prevention agents. 
Several Member States underline the role of  the EDDRA and EMCDDA networks, of the 
Pompidou Group and of the HDG in the exchange of information on prevention.  
4. Supply Reduction  
4.1.1.1 Please indicate which measures your country has applied to ensure a high and 
uniform level of security at the external borders of the EU in relation to drugs. 
Within Member States the law enforcement services involved in combating drug trafficking are 
involved in close co-operation. This co-operation can take the form of joint groups of risk 
analysis, a network of “contact points” between the relevant services, special teams of police and customs officers, a “coastal-watch” programme involving police, customs and the maritime 
rescue service, memoranda of understanding and operational protocols between the relevant 
services.  
In order to ensure a high level of security at  the EU’s external borders, Member State law 
enforcement services use a range of equipment su ch as drug detection scanners, patrol vessels, 
and drug detector dogs. Member States also refer to the training provided to law enforcement personnel in combating drug trafficking. 
Co-operation also takes place between the law enfo rcement services of different Member States. 
For example, there are police/customs co-operation centres, joint customs operations, and 
participation in training courses by one Member State in those hosted by another Member State. 
The Convention on mutual assistance and co-ope ration between customs administrations (Naples 
II) is also seen to have potential as  a tool for cross- border co-operation. 
4.1.1.3 Has your country, taking into account the existing EU systems for exchange of 
information and working with other Member States in the relevant Council bodies, 
reinforced its efforts against maritime drug trafficking? Has your country organised training courses on the identification and surv eillance of suspicious  vessels, and have you 
established procedures for boarding and sear ching vessels? Has your country implemented 
the principles laid down in Article 17 of the UN Convention against Illicit Traffic in 
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances? If  so, please describe briefly how this has 
been done.  
A number of Member States have indicated that they are in a position to operate in accordance 
with the provisions of Article 17 of the 1988 UN Convention against illicit  traffic in narcotic 
drugs and psychotropic substances or have incorporated Article 17 or parts of Article 17 into 
national law (Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Spain, Sweden, and the Netherlands).  
Member States refer to a number of techniques  used for combating maritime drug trafficking 
such as risk profiling, ship surveillance and vessel search techniques. Use is made of the 
maritime information systems such as MAR -INFO and YACHTINFO in  order to exchange 
information on suspected drug trafficking and on drug seizures. Maritime co-operation between 
 
EN 22   EN Member States has led to the capture of ship s which were used for drug smuggling and the 
seizure of illicit drugs. 
Some Member States indicate that they have training courses in the field of combating maritime 
drug trafficking or such training is included as a part of the training provided to the relevant personnel (France, Germany, Irela nd, and the Netherlands). One Member State (France) indicates 
that it has established a guide regarding the implementation of Article 17 of the 1988 UN 
Convention against illicit traffic in narc otic drugs and psycho tropic substances. 
4.1.1.4 Has your country, with the support of  Europol, examined the means to combine 
forensic and law enforcement information in order to identify the production and 
trafficking of synthetic drugs and those involved  in their production and trafficking? What 
are the results of this analysis? 
At national level, Member States combine forensic and law enforcement information in order to 
identify the production and trafficking of synthetic drugs. In, at least, one Member State (France) 
a sharing of databases between the relevant law enforcement agencies containing scientific 
information on synthetic drugs is to be developed. 
Many Member States emphasise the importance of the various EU projects aimed at identifying 
the production and trafficking of synthetic drugs such as CASE, Synthes- lab, EELS, EILCS, and 
CHEDDAR 
4.1.1.5 Has the co-operation between police, customs and judicial authorities been improved 
in your country in the drugs field? Has you r country participated in EU Third Pillar 
Programmes in the field of co-operation between these authorities? Please give details, in 
particular of the results and benefits of such programmes for your country.  
Member State police and customs services part icipate in joint enforcement operations and 
investigations against drug traffickers, joint tr aining courses and have appointed police/custom 
liaison officers. Some Member States have permanent joint police/customs teams (France, 
Germany, the Netherlands). Gre ece refers to its Central Anti -Drug Coordination Body with 
police and customs representation and the UK refers to its Concerted Inter-Agency Drugs Action Group. 
Training courses and seminars aimed at improvin g police, customs and judicial co-operation at 
EU level have received funding from the European Commission under various programmes. In 
the Nordic Member States police and customs collaboration takes place within a specific 
framework PTN (Police and Customs Co-operation in the Nordic Countries). 
4.1.1.6 Has your country implemented the project-based EU law enforcement strategy 
against transnational organised crime to combat drug trafficking? Please describe briefly.  
Techniques used to combat organised crime in clude surveillance, infiltration and phone-taping. 
Investigations into the activities of trans-na tional organised crime groups involved in the 
distribution of drugs have taken place. These investigations have involved the law enforcement 
 
EN 23   EN authorities of several Member States. Member States also participate in relevant Europol 
Analysis Work Files (AWFs) such as Mustard, Cola and Genesis. 
4.1.2.2 and 4.1.2.3 What measures has you r country taken against money laundering? How 
does the analysis and exchange of information between your Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) and other FIUs work?  
All MS have transposed into national law Dire ctive 91/308/CEE of the Council of 10 June 1991 
on prevention of the use of the financial system  for the purpose of money laundering and 11 
(Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ir eland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, 
and the UK) have transposed Directive 2001/97/C E of the European Parliament and of the 
Council of 4 December 2001 amending Council Directive 91/308/EEC. In addition, Member States have introduced new measures to reduce money laundering such as powers to oppose the 
execution of a transaction and increased powers for the control of travellers who import large sums of money. 
Council Decision of 17 December 2000 relative to the exchange of information between the 
Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs) of the Member  States provides a primary framework for the 
exchange of information between the FIUs of the Member States. 8 Member States utilise the 
FIU-Net as a means of exchanging information be tween FIUs. Individual Member States also 
exchange information with third country FIUs. Th is exchange of information often takes place 
under the auspices of signed Memoranda of Un derstanding which genera lly are developed in 
accordance with the principles of the Egmont Group. The Egmont Secure Web is also utilised as 
a secure communication network. 
Some Member States also refer to the 40 Reco mmendations of the FATF (Financial Action Task 
Force), the Council Framework Decision on money la undering, identifying, tracing, freezing and 
confiscation of criminal assets and the proceeds  of crime and the Council of Europe Convention 
on laundering, search, seizure and confis cation of the proceeds of crime. 
4.1.2.6 What type of training for customs and police does your country provide in view of 
combating the diversion of chemical precurso rs, including possibly the assistance of the 
Commission and EUROPOL? 
Law enforcement officers receive training in comb ating the diversion of precursors through stand 
alone courses or through courses related to comba ting synthetic drugs production and trafficking. 
Some Member States refer to the assistance provided by Europol in this regard. 
4.2.1 Please describe the join t investigative units which have been established in your 
country between police, customs and othe r law enforcement agencies specifically 
responsible for tackling drug trafficking.  
Some Member States have permanent joint police/customs teams. Other law enforcement 
authorities may be represented on these teams. In other Member States joint police/customs 
investigations take place as the need arises. 
 
EN 24   EN 4.2.2 Please describe the measures your country has taken, with the assistance of Europol 
where appropriate, to reinforce co-operation with other Member States against drug trafficking. In particular, please mention if any joint teams with other Member States have 
been established when dealing with drug tra fficking between Member States. If no such 
teams have been established, please  explain why this is the case.  
Co-operation between Member States against drug trafficking generally takes place through 
exchanges of information, joint investigations or law enforcement co-operation in border areas. 
Some Member States have established a joint poli ce/customs team to combat drug trafficking on 
road and rail routes between them. 6 Member St ates (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, the 
Netherlands and the UK) together with Europol are involved in a European Joint Unit to combat 
serious criminal activity in the field of precursor chemical diversion. 
A number of Member States have transposed in to national law the provisions of the Council 
Framework Decision on joint investigation teams and/or have ratified the EU Convention on 
Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters or have indicated that legi slation in place already 
enables the setting up of such teams (Austria , Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, the 
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the UK). However, joint investigation teams, as 
provided for in the Framework Decision or th e Convention, dealing with drug trafficking 
between Member States have not been establis hed. Some Member States are involved in 
discussions with regard to forming joint investig ation teams and giving their police and judicial 
authorities additional, more far-reaching powe rs to operate on each other’s territories. 
4.2.3 Please describe the measures your country  has taken to promote regional co-operation 
with other Member States affect ed by similar drug problems.  
A number of Member States (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and Spain) have 
created police and custom co-operation centres on their common borders. Regional systems of exchange of information have be en established by, for example, a permanent liaison bureau and 
the appointment of joint superintendents. Police officers from one Member States participate in 
police officer meetings of another Member State (Belgium and the Netherlands). In addition, a number of Member States have adopted a co-o rdinated regional approach to combating drug 
tourism (Belgium, France, Luxembou rg and the Netherlands). The Nordic Member States are part 
of a regional law enforcement co-operation known as PTN with a significant focus on combating drug-related crime. These Member States and Germany are also part of the Task Force on 
Organised Crime in the Baltic Sea Region. 
4.2.5 In what way does your country promote new investigation techniques, research and 
documentation of drug related crime?  
Member States use investigation techniques such  as controlled deliveries, undercover agents, 
simulated purchases in combating drug trafficki ng and drug related crime. Some Member States 
have at their disposal tools such as a specialist research centre, a national network of drug experts 
and a computerised system for the collection, development and analysis  of data on operations 
against the illegal traffic in drugs. A number of Member States refer to research carried out or 
being carried out on drug-related crime. 
 
EN 25   EN 5. International  
5.1.3 During the reference period, which Cand idate Countries has your country supported, 
with technical assistance and/or finance where necessary, in their efforts to counter drug 
abuse and drug trafficking?  
Almost all Member States have provided assistance  to the candidate countries in their efforts to 
combat drug abuse and trafficking. This assistance has taken a number of forms such as: 
Participation in the PHARE programme and in particular in twinning projects under this 
programme; 
Organisation of study visits and seminars and provision of traini ng to law enforcement officers; 
The signing of bilateral co-operation agreements in relation to internal security matters; 
Funding to the Council of Europe’s Pompidou Group in the framework of training in drug 
demand reduction interventions provided to Central and Eastern European countries; 
Provision of financial assistance to drug rela ted projects in candidate countries; and  
Provision of technical assistance and equipment. 
5.1.5 Has your country implem ented the pre-accession pact on organised crime and 
extended it to all applicant countries?  
A number of Member States refer to the utilisation of the PHARE programme in the 
implementation of the Pre-accession pact on or ganised crime and to the Council working group 
with responsibility for overseeing its implementation. In the context of the Pre-accession Pact 
contact points have been established. 
5.2.2 and 5.2.3 How has your country co-ordinat ed its projects in third countries with other 
countries, multilateral and international organisa tions to enable their assessment? In this 
framework, has the co-operation with multilateral and international organisations been 
strengthened where this would increase the e ffectiveness of the actions carried out?  
Member States provide drug-related assistance to third countries on a bilateral basis and/or 
through the UNODC. Some Member States (Aus tria, France, Germany, Sweden, and the UK) 
indicate that they co-ordinate their bilateral projects with other Member States, multilateral and international organisations. A number of Member States refer to the provision of information to 
the Commission on drug-related assistance to third countries. The Dublin Group and the “major 
donors group” of the UNODC are cited as primary mechanisms for co-ordination and for strengthening co-operation with multilateral and in ternational institutions. In this regard Member 
States also refer to their membership of or observer status to the UN Commission on Narcotic 
Drugs, the Pompidou Group of the Council of Europe, CICAD and the work of the Paris Pact initiative. In the context of co-operation with  Latin America and the Caribbean some Member 
 
EN 26   EN States refer to the Co-ordination and Co-opera tion Mechanism on Drugs between the EU, Latin 
America and the Caribbean. 
5.2.4 What resources have been made availabl e for third countries fo r the implementation 
of programmes and projects for supply reduc tion and demand reduction? In what way 
have the projects undertaken been reported to  the Horizontal Drugs Group of the Council?  
Many Member States provide financial assistance  to demand reduction and/or supply reduction 
projects in third countries. Most of these countries indicate that the Commission and the 
Council’s Horizontal Drugs Group are kept inform ed of their drug-related assistance to third 
countries. 
5.2.5 Please describe in what way, in rel ations with non-candidate and non-European 
countries, all relevant Common Foreign and Secu rity Policy (CFSP) instruments take full 
account of the aims of the EU-Drug Strategy.  
A number of Member States (Germany, Italy, Spai n, the Netherlands and the UK) affirm that in 
their relations with non-candidate and non-Europe an countries in the framework of the Common 
Foreign and Security Policy they take account of the objectives of the EU Drugs Strategy.  
5.2.6 Has your country drawn up an action plan  on drugs co-operation with North Africa 
and implemented fully the action plans on Latin America and the Caribbean and Central 
Asia?   
No Member State has drawn up an action plan on drugs with North Africa. With regard to the 
implementation of the plans with Latin Americ a and the Caribbean and Central Asia, Member 
States refer to the training, technical and financial assistance they provide and law enforcement operational co-operation. 
5.2.7 Please describe the measures, if any, you r country has taken to help non-EU countries 
and regions to develop their anti-money laundering systems  
A number of Member States refer to co-operati on with non-EU countries to develop and improve 
anti-money laundering systems under the auspices of the Egmont Group (Belgium, France, and 
Greece) and to participation in the work of the Council of Europe’s  anti-money laundering 
programme PC-R-EV recently renamed Moneyva l (Belgium and the Netherlands). Member 
States also refer to participation in the PHARE anti-money laundering programme and in 
initiatives of the FATF (Financial Action Task Force). Other assistance provided by Member States include study visits by/to non-EU Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs), participation in IMF 
and World Bank evaluations, financial support and observer status in FATF regional bodies. 
5.2.8 Please describe the tools used to suppo rt the development of a common international 
set of indicators in the field of demand reduction and to promote a common standard for 
national reporting to international organisations  
Many Member States refer to their participatio n in the work of the EMCDDA in the development 
of a common international set of indicators in the demand reduction field. Member States also 
 
EN 27   EN refer to the work of the Pompidou Group and the UN and to all of these bodies in the context of 
promoting a common standard for national re porting to international organisations.  
5.2.9 Please describe the meas ures used by your country to  integrate drugs as a cross-
sectional issue into supranational co-operation  schemes (particularly with the developing 
countries)  
Member States affirm that they see drugs as  being a cross-sectional issue and stress the 
importance of dialogue on this issue within bodies such as the Dublin Group and the UN. 
 
EN 28  
 EN ANNEX 2  
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EU ACTION PLAN ON DRUGS 2000-2004: 
FOLLOW-UP TABLE FOR THE COMMI SSION, THE EMCDDA AND EUROPOL  37 
Action State of play Comments 
1. Co-ordination 
1.1 To ensure that the issue of drugs is kept as a 
major priority for EU internal and external 
action (Strategy aim 1)   
1.1.1 The European Union institutions to ensure 
good inter-institutional co-ordination and, in 
particular, each in-coming Presidency of the Council 
to forward its work programme in the field of drugs 
to the Parliament, Economic and Social Committee and Committee of Regions. The Commission has a Coordination of anti-drugs 
policy unit located in DG JAI that chairs the 
Interservices Group on Drugs.  
The Commission is implementing the framework 
agreement signed in July  2000 by the European 
Parliament and Commission. 
Active participation of the Commission, EMCDDA 
and EUROPOL in the relevant working groups of the Council.   
                                                 
37 Only the actions where the Commission, the EMC DDA and EUROPOL are directly involved are analysed. 
 
EN 29  
 EN Action State of play Comments 
1.1.2 When appropriate, and anyhow in 2002 (mid-
term review) and 2004 (final evaluation) the 
Presidency of the Council to consider the possibility of organising a high level meeting of those involved 
in implementation of present plan. At the initiative of the Commission, the Presidency of 
the EU and the European parliament, a conference on 
drugs policy in the EU was held in 2000. In 2004, a conference was organised by the Presidency entitled 
“EU Strategy on Drugs- the way forward”, and was co-
financed by the Commi ssion under the AGIS 
programme.  
1.1.3 The Presidency of the Council to provide 
regular opportunities in principle twice a year for 
national drugs co-ordinators or those responsible for 
the co-ordination of drugs policies to meet in the 
framework of the Horizontal Working Party on Drugs to exchange information on national 
developments and to review opportunities for 
increased co-operation. Since the first meeting held in Paris in November 2000 
each Presidency organised a meeting of the national 
drug coordinators. The Commission, EMCDDA and 
EUROPOL participated in these meetings.  
1.1.6 The Council and the  Commission  to integrate 
the issue of drugs in the broader objectives of EU 
external relations, including development co-
operation making full use of the CFSP instruments as well as trade policy instruments and technical and 
financial assistance. EC cooperation with Andean countries, Central Asia, 
Afghanistan and Morocco includes a significant 
number of projects and amounts of resources devoted 
to demand and supply control. To a lesser extent, the Commission also finances drug s projects in other areas 
such as SADC, Pakistan, Burma, etc. The Commission 
has participated actively in Troika Drugs meetings, in the EU/Andean Community High Level Dialogue on 
Drugs and in the Mechanism of Coordination and 
Cooperation on drugs with  Latin America and the 
Caribbean. The GSP Drugs continues to be 
implemented and the Commission has sought to defend 
its WTO compatibility.  
 
EN 30  
 EN Action State of play Comments 
1.1.7 The Commission  with the assistance of the 
EMCDDA to organise a study to be completed by 
March 2001 to test whether the co-ordination arrangements that are in place could be improved 
and if so in what way. The results of the EMCDDA /Commission study on the 
coordination arrangements in the member States was 
presented at the HDG in December 2002. 
The Commission presented a Communication on co-
ordination on drugs in the EU in November 2003. A 
follow up to this Communication by the Council is expected by the end of 2004.  
1.2 To continue the EU global, multidisciplinary, 
integrated and balanced st rategy, in which supply 
and demand reduction a re seen as mutually 
reinforcing elements, as underlined by the United 
Nations General Assembly  Special Session on 
Drugs (UNGASS) (Strategy aim 3).    
 
EN 31  
 EN Action State of play Comments 
1.2.3 The Council to ensure that full use is made of 
the EU agencies, particularly Europol and the 
European Monitoring Centre of Drugs and Drug Addiction, in their respec tive fields of competence. The Commission, EMCDDA and Europol participated 
in all the HDG meetings and in Troika meetings. 
The Commission, EMCDDA, EUROPOL and EMEA 
continue to play their respective roles as provided for 
within the framework of the Joint Action on new 
synthetic drugs.  
Seven risk assessments of new synthetic drugs were 
made over the period 2000-2004, resulting in two 
Council decisions on Control measures: PMMA, 28 February 2002 (OJ L 63, 6 March 2002) and 2C-I, 
2C-T-2, 2c-T-7 and TMA-2, 27 November 2003 (OJ 
L321, 6 December 2003). 
A proposal from the Commission regarding the 
reformulation of the JANSD was presented in November 2003 and is under discussion whithin the 
Council. 
A proposal for a Council Regulation regarding the 
recasting of the current EMCDDA Council regulation 
is under discussion whithin the Council. 
Several Council Decisions have been adopted, or are in 
the process of being developed, to initiate or strengthen 
the role of Europol.  Based upon a decision by the Council Europol has 
concluded Co-operation Agreements with a 
number of countries, the Commission, the ECB, Interpol and the UNODC. Discussions on the 
conclusion of further agreements are in progress.  
 
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1.2.4 The Commission , the Council and the Member 
States to ensure that the balanced and 
multidisciplinary approach is taken into account and implemented in their drugs programmes and 
policies. The Commission takes into account the balanced and 
multidisciplinary approach in its drugs policies and 
programmes. 
In July 2002, the Council adopted a Decision 
establishing a framework programme on police and 
judicial co-operation in criminal matters (AGIS). 
Among the specific topics included in the AGIS 
Annual Work Programme a nd call for applications 
2003 and 2004 were measur es to prevent and combat 
drugs trafficking and drug related crime prevention. 
The new Public Health Programme (2003-2008) 
supports activities of a transversal nature in the public 
health field in general, and is thus facilitating a 
balanced and multidisciplinary approach to drug prevention issues more specifically. 
The Commission’s drug projects in third countries 
cover demand and supply reduction and alternative development.   
1.3 To encourage multi-agency co-operation and 
the involvement of civil society (Strategy aim 6)    
1.3.2 All Member States and the Commission  to 
establish a strategy for the co-operation with civil society and community and voluntary groups from 
areas most affected by the problem of drug abuse. Under the new Public Health programme, relevant 
actors can put forward applications for co- funding in the field of drug prevention.  The Commission is preparing a communication 
on the co-operation with the civil society for 2005. 
 
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1.4 To provide appropriate resources for drugs 
related actions (Strategy aim 11) and social 
consequences of drug abuse.    
1.4.1 The Council and the Commission  to study, in 
the light of current efforts in this field of the 
EMCDDA and Pompidou group, an approach to 
establish a list of all public expenditure on drugs. In November 2000 the Commission put forward an 
overview of all the drug-related budget lines at the 
Horizontal Drugs Group of the Council and has 
provided a regular update to the HDG on its drug related assistance in third countries/ regions. 
EMCDDA published a report on the situation 
regarding the monitoring of public expenditure in the 
Member States in the firs t half of 2002. A specific 
chapter of the EMCDDA 2003  Annual Report has been 
dedicated to public expenditures on reducing demand.   
 
 
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1.4.2 Member States and the Commission  to 
encourage the provision of  appropriate funding for 
proactive measures, includi ng the prevention of drug 
use, the prevention of drug related crime, and the 
reduction of the negative health and social 
consequences of drugs. The Programme of Community Action on the 
Prevention of Drug Dependence was running from 
1996 to 2002: 184 projects were supported, accounting 
for almost 37.5 million euros. For the years covered by 
the EU Action Plan on Drugs, the numbers were: 25 
projects accounting for 5.5 million euros (2000), 18 projects accounting for 5.1 million euros (2001) and 17 
projects accounting for 5.1 million euros (2002). 
The New Public Health Programme, which includes 
drug prevention as a health determinant, entered into 
force on 1 January 2003 and will run for six years.  
In July 2002, the Council adopted a Decision 
establishing a framework programme on police and 
judicial co-operation in criminal matters (AGIS). 
Among the specific topics included in the AGIS 
Annual Work Programme a nd call for applications 
2003 and 2004 was drug related crime prevention. Previously, Community funding for the prevention of 
drug related crime was provided under the Hippocrates 
programme. 
A Eurobarometer on Urban Safety linked in particular 
to drug dependence was carried out in 2000.  
 
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2. Information and evaluation  
2.1 To ensure collection, analysis and 
dissemination of objective, reliable and comparable data on the drugs phenomenon in the 
EU with the support of EMCDDA and Europol 
(Strategy aim 8)  In November 2002, the Commission presented its 
Communication on the mid term evaluation of the EU 
Action Plan on Drugs. 
Since 2001, in addition to the hard copy, the 
EMCDDA Annual Report on the state of the drug 
problem in the EU, is avai lable electronically on the 
Centre’s website. National reports are also published 
on the website, including the ones of the 3 candidate’s 
countries. 
Europol drafts an annual ‘European Union Situation 
Report on Drug Production and Drug Trafficking’, in 
addition to ad-hoc reports on drug-related matters, 
Catalogues, Manuals and the annual ‘Organised Crime 
Report’.  
 
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2.1.1. The Member States  according to technical 
tools and guidelines provided by EMCDDA to give 
reliable information on the five key epidemiological indicators in a comparable form drawn up by the 
EMCDDA and adopted by the Council: 
1. extent and pattern of drug use in the general 
population 
2. prevalence of problem drug use 
3. demand for treatment by drug users 4. drug-related deaths an d mortality of drug users 
5. drug-related infectious  diseases (HIV, hepatitis) Methodological work has been completed to formalize 
data collection and reporting structure for the 5 key 
indicators by EMCDDA and its partners. 
The EMCDDA guidelines on the 5 key indicators were 
formally adopted by the EMCDDA Management 
Board and incorporated into a Council resolution in December 2001. 
Regarding the implementation of the 5 key indicators, 
regular technical meeti ngs have taken place. 
 Consolidated data from different Member States 
now allows new analysis to be conducted that 
were previously infeasible. 
 
 
The existence of agreed and high quality reporting 
standards has facilitated integration of the new 
member states into the  
EU reporting system.  
 
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2.1.3. The EMCDDA to develop indicators on drugs 
related crime, the availability of illicit drugs 
(including at street level) and drug related social exclusion. *Drug-related crime: 2 meetings were organised in 
2002 and 2003 to establish a definition of ‘drug-related 
crime’ and review potential methods to assess its different components.  
The EMCDDA is to report to the HDG on the state of 
play in relation to its work on drug related crime, before the end of 2004. 
*Drug availability: an expert group was set up in 2002 
and has met every year since then to develop a module 
of questions on drug availability to be included in the 
European Model Questionnaire (EMQ) for population 
surveys; 
*Drug-related social exclusion: a detailed structure on 
the various issues related to social exclusion and drugs was developed and a Key Issue on drug-related social 
exclusion was published in the EMCDDA 2003 
Annual Report.  A meeting on crime and supply data foreseen in 
2004 should allow reviewing and improving 
standards to collect and analyse data on drug law offences in the EU. 
A meeting on crime and supply data foreseen in 
2004 should allow to review and improve standards to collect and analyse data on drug 
availability (seizures, price, purity, tablets’ 
contents) in the EU. 
Further conceptualising work is needed for 
developing indicators of drug-related social 
exclusion at EU level. 
2.1.4. The Member States and the EMCDDA, within existing financial limits, to ensure that the National 
Focal Points have the necessary political and 
financial support to implement the five harmonised key indicators. The results of the external  evaluation on the REITOX 
network were examined by the EMCDDA 
Management Board and taken into account in its day to 
day work. 
EMCDDA annual financial contribution to REITOX 
focal points was indexed in 2002. Ongoing efforts are still required to ensure 
comparable data are available from all countries. 
 
 
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2.1.6 The Commission , in co-operation with the 
Monitoring Centre, to launch a Eurobarometre study 
on attitudes of the public, especially youth, to drugs throughout the EU every two years. Eurobarometers on attitudes and opinions of young 
people in the European Union on drugs have been 
carried out in 2002 and in 2004. The Commission will take into account the results 
in the final evaluation of the EU Action Plan. 
2.1.7 The Commission  to promote the establishment 
of a European system to assess and to encourage 
Member States to develop a network of national expert centres in the field of  toxicological analysis as 
well as clinical database and experimental, clinical 
or epidemiological studies. Continuous promotion of European networks through 
relevant Community programmes, in particular the new 
Public Health Programme (and formerly the Programme of Community Action on the Prevention of 
Drug Dependence) and Research and Development 
Framework Programme. Under the 6
th Research and Development 
Framework Programme, a project on Genomics 
and mechanisms of addiction has been selected for funding in the Second Call for Proposals and 
negotiations will take place in 2004. The aims of 
this are (i) identification of genes involved in the 
development and mediation of addiction to 
various drugs (including nicotine, alcohol and polydrug exposure), (ii) functional genomics of 
newly identified genes, (iii) developing and 
establishing suitable animal models of addiction. 
2.1.8 Europol and the EMCDDA to develop a standardised database on drug seizures, to be 
introduced in all Member States and based upon 
harmonised criteria and indicators. Europol, in co-operation with volunteering Member 
States and the EMCDDA, developed the Collection 
Model for a harmonised database system on law 
enforcement drug seizure statistics. This has resulted in a Council Recommendation, in which Member States 
and, within their respective mandate the Commission, 
Europol and the EMCDDA are recommended to use the Model.  
2.2 To ensure that actions against drugs are 
evaluated (strategy aim 2).    
 
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2.2.1 The Commission  to organise appropriate 
evaluations at mid-term and completion of the Drugs 
Strategy (2000-2004) on the basis of the present Action Plan, and to present the reports to the Council 
and the Parliament. The Commission presented a communication on the 
mid term evaluation of the EU drugs action plan in 
November 2002. The Commission intends to present a communication on the final evaluation of the EU Drugs 
Strategy and the EU Drugs Action Plan 2000-2004 in 
October 2004. 
For the evaluation pro cess, the EMCDDA and 
EUROPOL have produced a snapshot on the evolution 
of the drugs situation over the period. In addiction, the EMCDDA has produced a selection of thematic papers 
to assist the Commission in the final evaluation 
process.  
2.2.2 Work should be taken forward by 
EMCDDA/Europol drawing on expertise from 
Member States to underpin  the EU drugs strategy 
with measurable targets so  that assessments can be 
made of progress in achieving objectives. This work 
could be completed, if possible by the end of 2000. In 2001 EMCDDA and EUROPOL, working closely 
with their national partners, produced a report designed 
to identify criteria, to help underpin the Commission's evaluation of the Union's 2000-04 drugs strategy. 
The assessment criteria have been adopted by the 
Horizontal Working Party on Drugs and have been used by the Commission for the Mid-term evaluation 
of the Drugs Strategy (2000-2004) and are also being 
used for the Final Evaluation.   
 
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2.2.3 The Council, on the basis of the work done by 
the Horizontal Working Party on Drugs to identify 
best practices of the Member States and the Commission  in the field of drugs in co-operation 
notably with the Drug Trafficking group, the 
Multidisciplinary group on organised crime and the Health group.  The final report on the second round of evaluation - 
law enforcement and its role in fighting drug 
trafficking was noted by the Council in 2003. 
Europol has created and maintains a Knowledge 
Management Centre, which handles information on 
expertise and best practises.  
A final evaluation of the Programme of Community 
Action on the Prevention of Drug Dependence is 
expected to be completed in 2004.  
The Commission to be assist ed by the EMCDDA in 
identifying best practices in the field of demand 
reduction, with a view to submitting uniform 
information for the EMCDDA annual report.  
 
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2.2.5 The Commission  to organise an appropriate 
assessment of : 
- the effectiveness of the Joint Action on synthetic 
drugs of June 1997 taking into account the 
evaluation by the EMCDDA of the early warning 
system. 
- Community legislation and its implementation in 
the field of control of the trade in chemical 
precursors. The Commission launched in 2002 an external 
assessment of the effectiveness of the Joint Action on 
synthetic drugs, and on the bases of this external assessment, the Commission adopted in October 2003 
a proposal for a Council Decision on information 
exchange, risk assessment and control of new narcotic drugs and new synthetic drugs. This proposal is under 
discussion at the HDG. 
The evaluation on the precursors legislation was 
completed in October 2002 by an external consultant 
engaged by the Commission for this purpose. The 
report from the Consultant was submitted to the Drug 
Precursors Committee. On the basis of the 
recommendations made in this evaluation, the Commission made a proposal for a new Council 
Regulation laying down rules for the monitoring of 
trade in certain substances used for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic 
substances. 
 A regulation of the European Parliament and the 
Council (273/2004) relating to the intra-community 
trade in precursors was adopted on 11 February 2004.  The aim of the new Council Decision is to wider 
the scope of the JASD, covering drugs of natural 
origin, imposing deadlines for providing information, carrying out risks assessments of the 
new substances and introducing control measures. 
  
The aim of the Council Regulation includes to 
strengthen import controls for synthetic drug precursors, to strengthen customs controls on 
precursors at the external  border, to strengthen 
export authorisation requirements, and to 
strengthen controls on intermediary activities. 
  
 
 This Regulation will strengthen the control regime 
for the intra community trade in drug precursors, 
whilst enhancing the transparency for enterprises and the legitimate trade in chemicals. 
 
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2.2.6 Member States and Europol, assisted by 
scientists, to assess the effectiveness of preventing 
and combating organised drug-related crime and to develop crime and policy indicators. Europol and the Commission have carried out a study 
on the prevention of organised crime, including 
organised drug-related crime. The study contains proposals for a strategy on preventive measures against 
organised crime.  
2.2.7 Member States and Europol, assisted by 
scientists, to draft an annual assessment on the role of organised crime groups involved in drug 
trafficking. Europol produces the annual ‘Organised Crime 
Report’, based on contributions by the Member States and taking into account repor ts received from countries 
outside the European Union.  One aspect of the report 
covers the activities of organised crime groups 
involved in drug trafficking. A Contact and Support 
Network of Member States’ representatives, some of whom have a scientific background, assists in the 
drafting of the report. 
  
3. Reduction of Demand, Prevention of Drug use 
and of Drug Related Crime 
3.1 To give greater priori ty to drug prevention 
and demand reduction, particularly new recruitment to drug use, as well as the reduction 
of the adverse consequences of drug use (Strategy 
aim 4)    
3.1.1 to reduce significantly over five years the 
prevalence of drug use, as well as new recruitment to 
it, particularly among young people under 18 years 
of age (Strategy target 1)    
 
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3.1.1.1 Member States and the Commission  to 
develop comprehensive prevention programmes for 
both licit and illicit drugs and also covering poly-drug use. (…) The Programme of Community Action on the 
Prevention of Drug Dependence ran from 1996 to 
2002. The new Public Health Programme was adopted on 23 September 2002 and implemented on 1 January 
2003. It will run until 31 December 2008. One of the 
general objectives of the Public Health Programme is to promote health and prevent disease through 
addressing health determinants (incl. drugs) across all 
policies and activities. 
The EMCDDA supports, with the assistance of the 
Commission, the disseminating of best practices and 
results including in the field of drug prevention and 
poly- drug use, through the EDDRA database. Drugs in Focus No. 5 relates to “Drug Prevention 
in EU Schools” and No. 10 relates to “Drug Use 
among Vulnerable Young People”. 
3.1.1.2 The Commission  to ensure that full use is 
made of the existing Community programmes to counter social exclusion and urban delinquency, and 
foster social reintegration.  The European Social Fund and the URBAN 
programme are used for these purposes.  
3.1.1.4 Member States and the Commission  further 
to develop innovative approaches to the prevention of the abuse of synthetic drugs, taking into account 
the specificities of synthetic drug users. Included among the activities undertaken in the 
Programme of Community Action on the Prevention of Drug Dependence, continued under the framework of 
the New Public Health Programme. 
Among the tasks provided for in the Sixth Framework 
Research and Development Programme. A specific suggestion for a Network of Excellence 
will be put to the Horizontal Group on Drugs for the FOURTH and final Call for Proposals by DG 
RTD. 
3.1.2 to reduce substantially over five years the incidence of drug-related  health damage (HIV, 
hepatitis, TBC, etc.) and the number of drug-related deaths (Strategy target 2)    
 
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3.1.2.2 Member States and the Commission  to plan 
and implement innovative awareness raising 
campaigns on the dangers related to drug use and programmes on the reduction of risks and adverse 
consequences related to drug use. These campaigns 
must be well targeted and implemented in co-operation with the target groups.  Among the actions in the framework of the Programme 
of Community Action on the Prevention of Drug 
Dependence, continued in the framework of the New 
Public Health Programme. 
  
3.1.2.3 Member States and the Commission  to make 
use of new means of communication (eg the 
internet) to provide objec tive, reliable and accessible 
information on drugs and the dangers associated 
with them. Among the activities in the framework of the 
Programme of Community Action on the Prevention of 
Drug Dependence, continued in the framework of the 
New Public Health Programme . Special references to 
the use of new means of communication are made both in the Public Health Programme and in the 2004 Work 
Plan.  
 
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3.1.2.5 The Commission  and Member States to 
undertake research into th e effects of driving under 
the influence of illicit drug s and pharmaceuticals.  Le programme d'action européen pour la sécurité 
routière "Réduire de moitié le nombre de victimes de la 
route dans l'Union européenne d'ici 2010: une responsabilité partagée (COM(2003) 311 final du 2 
juin 2004), ainsi que la Résolution du Conseil du 27 
novembre 2003 relative à la lutte contre la consommation de substances psychoactives associée 
aux accidents de la route (JO C97 du 22.4.2004) 
reprennent de façon générale les recommandations du groupe d'experts de la Commission "Alcool, drugs, 
medicines and driving".  
In 2002 the Commission launched a joint study with 
the US Administration to assess the performance and 
use of roadside drug-testing equipment. The findings of this study are expected to be available in 2005.  
La Commission a participé a la conférence sur la 
sécurité routière organisée par le groupe Pompidou en 2003 qui a mis en évidence l` évolution des législations 
des Etats Membres et de certains pays tiers et a permis 
l` échange des résultats des travaux entre les participants. 
Une Recommandation de la Commission du 21 octobre 
2003 (Commission Recommendation of 21 October 2003 on enforcement in th e field of road safety 
(2004/345/EC) (OJ L 111 of 17.4.2004 pp. 75-82 and 
corrigendum in OJ L 120 of 24.4.2004, P. 65)) relative à l'application de la réglementation dans le domaine de 
la sécurité routière prévoit que les Etats membres 
transmettent à la Commission des informations sur l'impact de la consommation de drogues sur les 
accidents. The Recommendation will be evaluated 
before April 2007 (3 years after its publication). Research on the influen ce of alcohol, drugs and 
medicines on driving is included in the call for 
proposals (29.06.2004) for indirect RTD actions in the area of sustainable surface transport. 
 
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3.1.3 to increase substantially the number of 
successfully treated addict s (Strategy target 3)   
3.2. To make full use of the new possibilities 
offered by the Treaty, particularly the articles on health protection and research (Strategy aim 7)    
3.2.1 The Commission  to ensure that drug 
prevention is identified as a key component of the 
future public health programme. The New Public Health Prog ramme was adopted on 23 
September 2002, and entered into force on 1 January 
2003. Drug prevention is identified as a key component in the programme (reference is made to the general 
objective stated in Article 2, 2, c, and the Annex 3.1).  
3.2.2 Member States and the Commission  to 
provide adequate resources for research into the 
biomedical and social cau ses of addiction, the 
prevention and origins of addiction, and behavioural patterns of drug consumption. The Commission  to 
support the inclusion of th is area of research as a 
priority in the Community Programme for Research and Development. Section 2.6, task 8 of the Scientific support for 
policies” part of the Six Framework Research and 
Development programme, specifically relates to drugs 
research. 
Other possibilities for drug research exist in chapters 
such as the chapters 1.1. 1 "Genomics & Biotechnology 
for Health", as well as under 2. "Strengthening the Foundations of the European Research Area" of the 
programme. 
Three drug research projects have been financed under 
the current programme to date.   
 
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3.2.3. The Commission and Member States to 
identify new areas, such as the spread of best 
practice, training and networking, where action at the European level could help reduce drug related 
harm. A Council Recommendation on the prevention and 
reduction of health-related harm associated with drug 
dependence was adopted on 18 June 2003.  
Under the New Public Health Programme, activities in 
the field of drug related harm can be financed.  
3.3 To adopt a comprehensive approach    
3.3.1 The Commission  and the Member States to 
develop and implement preventive actions and strategies for all age groups, particularly children 
and young people. The Programme of Community Action on the 
Prevention of Drug Dependence was aimed at all age groups, in particular young people. 
The New Public Health Pr ogramme aims at all age 
groups. In the Annex (3.1) it is stated that actions on 
health determinants, among other actions, should 
include age-specific strategies.   
 
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3.3.2 The Commission  and Member States within 
their respective competences to address in this 
connection and when appropriate, risk behaviour and addiction in general, incl uding aspects of alcohol, 
medicine, substances used for doping in sport, and 
tobacco use. A Council Recommendation on the prevention and 
reduction of health-related harm associated with drug 
dependence was adopted on 18 June 2003.  
A Directive on the approximation of the laws, 
regulations and administrative provisions of the 
Member States concerning the manufacture, presentation and sale of tobacco products, was adopted 
on 18 July 2001. A Directive on the approximation of 
the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the advertising and 
sponsorship of tobacco pr oducts, was adopted on 20 
June 2003.  
A Council Recommendation on the prevention of 
smoking and on initiatives to improve tobacco control, was adopted on 25 January 2003.  
3.4 To prevent crime linke d to drugs, notably 
juvenile and urban delinquency    
3.4.1 to reduce substantially over five years the 
number of drug related crimes (Strategy target 5)   
  
 
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3.4.1.1 The Commission  and Member States to set 
up programmes to promote best practice in the 
prevention of criminal activities linked among other issues  to drugs, juvenile and urban delinquency. In July 2002, the Council adopted a Decision 
establishing a framework programme on police and 
judicial co-operation in criminal matters (AGIS). 
Among the specific topics included in the AGIS 
Annual Work Programme a nd call for applications 
2003 and 2004 were preventing urban crime, drug related crime and juvenile delinquency. Previously, 
Community funding for the prevention of drug related 
crime was provided under th e Hippocrates programme. 
In May 2001, the Council established the European 
Crime Prevention network (EUC PN). The secretariat of 
the EUCPN is located whithin the Commission.  
3.4.1.2 The Council and the Commission  to develop 
a common comparable definition of the term drug 
related crimes on the basis of work by Europol and EMCDDA in order to enable a serious comparison 
of the number of drug related crimes. EMCDDA and Europol presented on 3 November 
2003 a joint proposal for a common definition of the 
term drug-related crime to the HDG. 
The HDG took note of this proposal and invited the 
EMCDDA to develop its current work in this field and 
to report on the state of implementation of this work before the end of 2004. The EMCDDA organised a 1
st expert meeting in 
2002 to review various definitions of drug-related 
crime and agree on a consensual definition. A definition was then developed and discussed with 
Europol in order to make a joint proposal at the 
Horizontal Working Party on Drugs. A 2
nd expert 
meeting was organised by the EMCDDA in 2003 
to review potential indicators of drug-related 
crime. However, as mentioned above under 2.1.3., further conceptualising work is needed to develop 
indicators of specific as pects of drug-related 
crime. 
 
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3.4.4 The Commission  and Member States to 
consider the results of a study by the EMCDDA into 
the law and practice in the EU Member States on the handling of drug addicts in the justice system, 
including issues such as identification of drug 
addicts following arrest, alternatives to prison, and treatment facilities within the penal system. On this 
basis, the Commission  and Member States to 
consider how to share best  practice in the area of 
handling of drug addicts in the justice system. EMCDDA published the study on criminal proceedings 
linked to drug use in March 2001. 
The EMCDDA collects and analyses information on 
assistance to drug users in prisons in cooperation with 
the European Network on Drug Services in Prisons 
(ENDHSP). Drug use in Prisons was a selected issue in the 
2002 EMCDDA Annual Report and Alternatives 
to prison will be in the 2004 EMCDDA Annual Report. The publication Drugs in Focus Nº. 7 was 
on “Treating Drug Users in Prison”. 
3.5 Training and Interchange of experience in the 
prevention of drug use    
3.5.2 Member States and the Commission  to 
develop and implement a network of trainers and 
professionals in the health  and social sector who 
work with drug users. Several European networks of professionals are 
established in Europe, co-f inanced by the Programme 
of Community Action on the Prevention of Drug 
Dependence. Financing continues under the New Public Health Programme.  
   
3.5.3 Member States to promote the exchange of 
best practice in the area of  prevention and to ensure 
that all successful progra mmes are brought to the 
attention of other Member States and the 
Commission .  Among the activities within the new Public Health 
Programme and within the ongoing work programme of EMCDDA. Publication of Drugs in Focus Nº 5 “Drug 
Prevention in EU Schools”, Nº 10 “Drug Use among Vulnerable Young People”. Several 
publications on successful school prevention and 
selective prevention ava ilable on the EMCDDA 
Website. 
 
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4. Supply Reduction 
4.1 To reinforce the fight against organised 
crime, illicit drug trafficking and related organised crime as well as other drug-related 
crime, and to step up police, customs and judicial 
co-operation between Member States (Strategy aim 5)    
4.1.1 To reduce substantially over five years the  
availability of illicit drugs (Strategy target 4)   
4.1.1.1 Member States to ensure a high an uniform 
level of security at the external borders of the EU, 
and where appropriate, to  establish joint control 
teams, including for ex ample, police, customs 
immigration and border guards The Commission presented a proposal for a Council 
Regulation establishing the European Agency for the 
Management of Operational at  the external Borders of 
Members States of the European Union in November 2003. JHA Council reached political agreement on the 
Commission proposal in March 2004. Formal adopting 
pending. The European Agency for the Management of 
Operational Co-operation at the External Borders 
of the Member States of the EU should be 
operational from 2005. 
4.1.1.2 The Council and the Commission , with the 
assistance of Europol, to pr epare EU guidelines for 
combating illicit drugs activities via new 
technologies and in particular the internet.  The Commission put forward a Communication on 
Cyber crime.  Europol, in co-operation with the Member States, 
launched a project on High Technology Crime, 
including drug-related offences, with the intention 
to establish a High Technology Centre at Europol. 
 
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4.1.1.3 Member States, with the assistance of 
Europol, taking into account the existing EU systems 
for exchange of information, to work together in the relevant Council bodies, to reinforce their efforts 
against maritime drug trafficking, including the 
provision of training on the identification and surveillance of suspicious vessels and establishing 
procedures for boarding and searching vessels where 
appropriate. Member States should recognise the importance of implementing the principles laid down 
in Article 17 of the UN Convention against Illicit 
Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic 
substances. Between 2000 and 2004, several joint customs 
operations on drugs trafficking (including maritime 
trafficking) have been organised, with Community co-financing, involving in many cases all customs 
administrations of the EU.  
 
 
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4.1.1.4 Member States, with the assistance of 
Europol, to further consider the possibilities of 
combining forensic and law enforcement information, with a view to identifying the 
production and trafficking of synthetic drugs, the 
composition of such drugs, and those involved in their production and trafficking. To that extent, 
Member States' forensic laboratories should 
exchange information on the analysis of samples taken from synthetic drugs seizures. If appropriate 
the results should be made available to relevant 
health authorities in the Member States. A number of EU projects in this field exist, such as: 
Comprehensive Action against synthetic drugs in 
Europe (CASE), European Joint Unit in precursors (EJUP), and European Illicit Laboratories Comparison 
System (EILCS). 
EUROPOL and the Commission presented a report on 
these projects to the HDG in December 2003.  
In April 2004, the Commission presented to the HDG 
suggestions for possible furt her improvements of the 
methods of mapping distribution networks of synthetic 
drugs in the EU. 
Europol has evaluated and upgraded the Europol 
Ecstasy Logo System (EELS) relating to the collection, 
assessment and dissemination of law enforcement and ballistic data on ecstasy seizures, involving all Member 
States.  A Council recommendation regarding guidelines 
for taking samples of seized drugs was adopted in 
the first semester of 2004. 
 
In line with a Council Resolution adopted in 
November 2002, a Commission questionnaire on the generic classification and emergency list 
approach to synthetic drug s was forwarded to the 
Member States. The results of this questionnaire were presented by the Commission to the 
Council’s Horizontal Drugs Group (HDG) in June 
2003. Work is still ongoing on this issue and the 
Commission hopes to be in a position to provide a 
further report to the HDG before the end of this year.  
 
EN 54  
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4.1.1.5 The Commission  to support, as appropriate, 
efforts by Member States to improve police, customs 
and judicial co-operation, notably through exchange and training programmes, taking advantage of the 
experience and results of the existing third pillar 
programmes. In July 2002, the Council adopted a Decision 
establishing a framework programme on police and 
judicial co-operation in criminal matters (AGIS). 
Among the specific topics included in the AGIS 
Annual Work Programme a nd call for applications 
2003 and 2004 was drug related crime prevention and measures to prevent and combat drugs trafficking. 
Covering the period 2002/2007, the AGIS programme 
extends the work of the pr ogrammes that formally 
operated under Title VI TEU and incorporates the 
activities previously funded under budget heading 18 
07 02 “Preparatory actions for a programme to combat 
drug “trafficking”.  
4.1.1.6 Member States and Europol to implement the 
project-based EU law enfo rcement strategy against 
transnational organised crime to combat drug 
trafficking. 
 The strategy is being implemented by Europol and the 
Member States in the fram ework of Analysis Work 
Files as provided for by the Europol Convention. 
Within these AWFs the Ta rget Oriented Approach 
(TOA) and Regional Approach (RA) are being applied, whereby within individual sub-projects different 
criminal groups are being targeted by those Member 
States that have a direct interest in the investigations. Further implementation may take place in other forms 
of international law enforcement and judicial co-
operation, e.g. joint investigative teams.  
4.1.2. to reduce substantially over five years money-
laundering and illicit trafficking of precursors 
(Strategy target 6)   
 
EN 55  
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4.1.2.1 The Commission  to report regularly to the 
Council on the control of money laundering in the 
EU, actions undertaken in the previous year, and proposed action in the year to come. A second anti-money laundering Directive, extending 
and updating the 1991 Directive, was adopted in 
December 2001.  
A proposal for a third anti-money laundering directive 
was adopted by the Commission in June 2004. 
A Protocol to the Europol Convention has extended the 
mandate of Europol to all money laundering 
irrespective of whether Europol has also mandate in 
connection with the predicate offence. However, only a 
handful of Member states have ratified and the 
Protocol has not therefore entered into force. Agreement was reached on a Framework Decision 
concerning the confiscation of the 
instrumentalities and proceeds of crime and a protocol to the Convention on Mutual Assistance 
in Criminal Matters of 29 May 2000, relating 
specifically to financial crime. 
A Council Decision was adopted in October 2000 
to ensure and facilitate co-operation between 
Financial Intelligence Units. A draft Framework Decision on the laundering of Crime Related 
Proceeds received po litical agreement in 
December 2002. 
A Framework Decision on the mutual recognition 
of orders freezing property and evidence was adopted in July 2003. A draft Framework 
Decision on the mutual recognition of 
confiscation orders received political agreement in April 2004. 
 
EN 56  
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4.1.2.4 The Commission  to report regularly to the 
Council on the control of the diversion of illicit 
chemical precursors, actions undertaken in the previous year, and proposed action in the year to 
come. The Commission has put forward: 
1. A proposal for a new Council Regulation laying 
down rules for the monitoring of trade in certain substances used for the illicit manufacture of narcotic 
drugs and psychotropic substances. This proposal is 
currently under discussion at Council level. 
2. A new Regulation, 273/2004 was adopted on 11 
February 2004, replacing the Council Directive 
92/109/EEC. This Regulation will strengthen the 
control regime for the intra community trade in drug 
precursors, whilst enhancing the transparency for 
enterprises and the legitimate trade in chemicals.  
A precursors agreement with Turkey has been 
concluded; it was ratified by the Turkish Grand 
National Assembly on 21 April 2004 and enter into force on 1
st August 2004. 
Bilateral joint follow-up group meetings with USA and 
Andean Countries have recently taken place. 
The negotiations of further precursors agreements with 
third countries is being cons idered (for instance with 
the ASEAN countries)  A draft Commission Regulation to implement the 
new proposal for a Council Regulation is 
currently under discussion in the Drugs Precursors 
Committee. 
The Commission organized a Conference 
(through TAIEX) focused on Control of Precursor Chemicals in September 2001. 
4.1.2.5 The Commission  to establish, in co-
operation with the Member States, a procedure for 
the voluntary monitoring of the non-scheduled 
chemical precursors of synthetic drugs in co-
operation with the chemical industry. Commission guidelines and a list of non-controlled 
chemicals subject to volunt ary monitoring measures 
have been produced to assist the chemical industry. 
These have been disseminated to Member Stares and have been sent out to the chemical industry.   
 
EN 57  
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4.1.2.6 Member States, w ith the assistance of the 
Commission  and Europol where appropriate, to 
provide training for customs and police in combating the diversion of chemical precursors. Europol, in co-operation with Member States’ experts 
and the Commission, has developed and organises on a 
regular basis a European Union Training Course for trainers on the combating of illicit synthetic drug 
laboratories. As a result, trained trainers organised 
courses in two Member Stat es, (with the assistance of 
Europol) for police, customs officers, forensic experts 
and members of the fire brigade.  
 
4.2 To make full use of the new possibilities 
offered by the Treaty of  Amsterdam, particularly 
the articles on drug control, police co-operation 
and judicial co-operation as well as the common minimum standards in legislation (Strategy aim 
7)   
4.2.2 Member States, with the assistance of Europol 
where appropriate, to re inforce their co-operation 
against drug trafficking and in particular to establish, 
within the appropriate legal framework, joint teams 
when dealing with drug tr afficking between Member 
States. The council has adopted a Recommendation to the 
Member States on requests made by Europol to initiate criminal investigations in specific cases and a 
Framework Decision on Joint Investigation Teams. 
Some Member States are in the process of initiating 
joint teams with Europol participation . 
6 Member States have created the European Joint Unit 
on Precursors (EJUP), which is financed by the Commission, located at Europol and supported by 
Europol through an Analysis Work File (AWF).   
 
EN 58  
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4.2.3 Promote regional co-operation where MS are 
effected by similar drug problems The AGIS framework programme allows for co-
financing of regional co-operation drug projects. Such 
projects have also previ ously received Community 
funding.  
4.2.4 The Commission , having consulted the 
EMCDDA and taken account of existing, relevant 
sources of information, to launch a study into the definitions, penalties and practical implementation 
of laws by the courts an d law enforcement agencies 
for drug trafficking within the Member States. On 
the basis of that study, the Commission  is to 
propose measures establishing minimum rules relating to the constituent elements and penalties for 
illicit drug trafficking in accordance with the 
relevant provisions of the TEU. The study should be completed by the end of 2000 and proposals should 
be brought forward by 31 March 2001. The Commission study was completed in March 2001.  
The Commission presented a proposal for a Council 
Framework Decision laying down minimum provisions on the constituent elements  of criminal acts and 
penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking in May 
2001. Political agreement on this proposal was reached 
at the Council in November 2003. 
The European Parliament delivered its first opinion on 
the proposal in April 2002 and after reconsultation 
delivered its second opinion in March 2004.  
4.2.5 Member States and Europol to promote new 
investigation techniques and research and documentation of drug-related crime. Europol has created and maintains a Knowledge 
Management Centre, which handles information on expertise and best practises. The centre also contains 
sources of information relating to new investigative 
techniques. In addition, the Drugs Unit of Europol collects and stores documentation on drug-related 
crime. Relevant information is being disseminated 
through regular Drug Information Bulletins.  
 
EN 59  
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4.2.6 The Chief Police Of ficers Task Force to 
consider to include drug trafficking among its 
priority areas of work, in particular examining how police co-operation on drug trafficking could be 
improved and what policing priorities should be in 
this area.  Combating drug trafficking is a task of the Chief 
Police Officers Task Force. 
5. International 
5.1 To progressively integrate the candidate 
countries and to intensify international co-
operation with other countries and international 
organisations (Strategy aim 9)    
5.1.1 The Commission  and the Council to ensure 
that the candidate countri es adopt the Community 
acquis and best practice in the field of drugs, and 
that their implementation is satisfactory. The 
Member States and the Commission  to draw up an 
action plan on drugs with the candidate countries 
which set out the ground they need to cover to meet 
the acquis as soon as possible. The Justice and Home Affairs Chapter, including the 
drugs elements, of the EU acquis has been provisionally closed for Bulgaria and negotiations with 
Romania in relation to closure of this Chapter are 
progressing. 
  
5.1.2 The Commission  to negotiate with the 
candidate countries to allow them to participate in 
the work of the European Monitoring Centre for 
Drugs and Drug Addiction. The Commission  to 
propose to the Council a draft mandate for these 
negotiations as soon as possible. Negotiations with Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey have 
been concluded; the agreem ent with Romania has been 
initialled and the agreements with Bulgaria and Turkey 
will be initialled very shortly.   
 
EN 60  
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5.1.3 The Commission  and the Member States to 
continue to support, with technical assistance and 
finance where necessary, the candidate countries in their efforts to counte r drug abuse and drug 
trafficking. Particular attention should be given, 
including under PHARE, towards the development of national strategies, national drugs units, focal 
points for the EMCDDA and effective controls on 
drugs entering the EU and candidate countries. For countries not covered by PHARE, assistance 
mechanisms should incl ude provision for counter-
drugs work. The Commission  should seek out, 
within existing ceilings, new sources of funding for 
co-operation with Turkey and include co-operation on drugs issues in the forthcoming drafting of the 
Accession Partnership. Consideration should also be 
given to targeted drugs twinning, and making available specialist pre-accession drugs advisers. In total 20M€ was made available for drug control 
activities within the Phare Program In addition,  2 M€ 
was allocated to a joint EMCDDA-Phare project  “Co-
operation EMCDDA-CEECs, Feb. 2002- Sept 2002” 
and € 500,000 to a joint EMCDDA-Phare Project 
“Participation of candidate CEECs´s in the EMCDDA” Dec 2002-June 2004”. 
The Phare programme is also a source of assistance for 
Bulgaria and Romania. Financial pre-accession 
assistance is provided to  Turkey under Regulation 
2500/2001. Twinnings to establish the National Drugs 
Focal Point began with Bulgaria and Romania in 2001. 
A twinning with Turkey will begin in 2004 entitled 
“Sustaining the National Drugs Focal Point”. This twinning will also support the development of a revised 
National Drugs Strategy. The Phare Regional Dr ugs Programme had two 
components: 10M€ was used to finance the Multi-
Beneficiary Drugs Programme; 10M€ was allocated to drug twinnings (1M€ per country).  
 
Projects focused on two major areas: capacity 
building to enable beneficiaries to participate in 
EMCDDA work, and drug law enforcement, 
money laundering, synthetics drugs and precursors’ diversion. These projects concluded in 
Spring 2004. However, the performance of the 
National Focal Points, supported by the twinnings 
in Bulgaria and Romania, is not satisfactory. 
 
5.1.4 The Council to have an annual debate on all 
EU assistance projects in th e candidate countries in 
the field of drugs.  Commission has been unable to retrieve information 
from Member States in this regard.    
5.1.5 The Commission  and Member States to 
implement the Pre-accession pact on organised 
crime and extend it to all applicant countries. Candidate countries: 
Implementation of regional measures is underway.  
 
EN 61  
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5.2 To promote international co-operation, 
integration of drug control into EU development 
co-operation and to support the efforts of the United Nations and of UNDCP in particular to 
develop international co-o peration, based on the 
principles adopted at the UNGASS in June 1998 (Strategy aim 10)    
 
EN 62  
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5.2.1 The Commission  and the Council to give 
priority in the international efforts to counter the 
drug problem to the candidate countries and those regions of the world that either produces drugs or 
through which drugs transit on their way to the EU. Most of the EC resources devoted to the fight against 
drugs are focused on the countries and regions along 
the heroin (Afghanistan, Central Asia, Caucasus, Eastern Europe) and cocaine (Andean region and the 
Caribbean) routes. All cooperation agreements with 
developing countries contain a drug-fighting cooperation clause. 
The EU-Ukraine JHA Action Plan provides for 
activities concerning drugs. The Commission is implementing the Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova Anti-
Drug programme (BUMAD) aimed at reducing drug 
trafficking and drug abuse. 
In the context of the European Neighbourhood Policy, 
Action Plans are currently under discussion with Ukraine, Moldova, Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian 
Authority, Tunisia, Morocco.  These draft Action Plans 
(except for the Palestinian Authority) include a section dealing with drugs. 
Implementation of the EU-R ussia Action Plan against 
Organized Crime and of th e EU-Ukraine Action Plan 
on Justice and Home Affairs which both include fight 
against drugs and discussions taking place with 
Moldova and Ukraine on the European Neighbourhood Policy Action Plans and with Russia on an Action 
Plan/Road Map for a EU-Russia Common Space on 
Freedom, Security and Justice.  
 
EN 63  
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5.2.2 Member States and the Commission  to co-
ordinate their projects in third countries and regions 
to enable joint assessment and implementation of their action. The Commission and Member States have a regular 
dialogue within the Horizontal Drugs Group of the 
Council, as regards the ac tions undertaken by the 
Commission. 
For a better coordination among Member States and 
with the Commission, information on all Member States’ projects is needed.  
5.2.3 Member States and the Commission  to 
strengthen co-operation with multilateral and 
international organisations, where this would 
increase the effectiveness of their actions. The UNODC and UNDP have implemented/continue 
to implement EC projects in Russia, Iran, Central Asia, 
Southern Caucasus and South Africa. 
The Commission maintains regular contacts with the 
UNODC and the UNDP. It continues to be an UNODC Major Donor and a member of the Dublin Group, thus 
participating actively in two of the most important 
international co-ordination mechanisms in the area of drugs.  
 
EN 64  
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5.2.4 The Commission  and the Member States to 
continue to make available adequate resources for 
the implementation of programmes and projects for supply reduction (for example combating drug 
trafficking and supporting alternative development) 
and demand reduction. Member States and the Commission  to report annually to the Council 
(Horizontal Working Party on Drugs) on all 
assistance projects undertaken in third countries in the field of drugs, and for a matrix to be kept up to 
date. The Commission  and the Member States to 
inform each other of all a ssistance projects for third 
countries in the field of drugs, whenever possible 
and necessary already in the preparatory process. List of ongoing projects financed by the Commission 
and Member States in third countries prepared by the 
Commission and presented to the HDG in November 2001. 
Since then, the Commission has been unable, as yet, to 
produce a consolidated list of all EU projects, due to insufficient information from Member States. 
Nonetheless, it has continued to inform Member states 
of its own activities and projects in third countries and has submitted to the HDG its annual matrix of projects.  
5.2.6 The Member States and the Commission  to 
draw up action plan on drugs co-operation with 
North Africa, and to implement fully the action 
plans on Latin America and the Caribbean and Central Asia. EU Central Asia Action Plan on drugs was adopted by 
the countries of the region. Commission has appointed 
an EU Drugs-Coordinator for the region. 
Commission has continued to implement actions 
foreseen in the Panama Action Plan and in the Central 
Asia Action Plan.  
The draft Action Plans with Tunisia and Morocco 
under European Neighbourhood Policy are currently 
under discussion, they include a section dealing with 
drugs. 
The Commission is also taking a major initiative on 
cannabis in Morocco.  
 
EN 65  
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5.2.7 The Commission  and Member States to help 
non-EU countries and regions to develop their anti-
money laundering systems. An EC project to assist Asian ASEM partner countries 
is under implementation. 
In 2004, a twinning with Turkey will be devoted to 
strengthening the fight against money laundering. 
In Ukraine, TACIS is supporting a project to 
strengthen the Financial Analytical Units (FAU). 
Commission/Member States have encouraged regional 
co-operation to combat money laundering in Western 
Balkans through adoption of regional measures to combat money laundering at JHA Ministerial 
November 2003 and through CARDS programme. 
The European Neighbourhood Policy draft Action 
Plans envisages anti-money laundering activities.  
5.2.8 Member States and the Commission  to support 
the development of a common international set of indicators in the field of demand reduction, and to 
promote a common standard for national reporting to 
international organisations. The Commission has supported CND initiatives in this 
regard. 
EMCDDA and UNDCP worked together on this issue. Data structures reflect agreed international 
standards of good practices and facilitate dialogue with non EU member States, regional and 
international organisations 
5.2.9 The Commission  and the Member States to 
integrate drugs as a cross-sectional issue into their 
supranational co-operation schemes (particularly 
with the developing countries). Drug fighting is a priority for the Commission in 
cooperation with those countries and regions where 
drugs pose a major challenge to sustainable 
development.  
5.2.10 The EU will continue its support for national 
efforts to eliminate illicit cultivation of drug crops, 
according to the principle of shared responsibility. The GSP Drugs scheme and Commission alternative 
livelihoods /alternative development projects are 
important initiatives in this regard.  
 
EN 66   EN ANNEX 3  
Instruments of the European Union in the field of drugs (2000 – 2004).  
A. Instruments of the EU adopted durin g the period 1 January 2000 – 31 July 2004. 
- Council Resolution on canna bis. CORDROGUE 59 – 07.07.2004  
- Progress report in re lation to the Implementation Plans on Demand and Supply Reduction of 
Drugs and the Supply of Syntheti c drugs – CORDROGUE 43 – 14.06.2004  
- Council Recommendation regarding guideline s for taking samples of seized drugs. 
CORDROGUE 26 - 30.03.2004  
- Regulation (EC) no 273/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 
2004 on drug precursors. OJ L 47, 18.02.2004 - P.1  
- Council Decision 2003/847/JHA of 27 November  2003 concerning control measures and 
criminal sanctions in respect of the new s ynthetic drugs 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7 and TMA-2, 
OJ L 321,06.12.2003 - P. 64  
- Resolution of the Council on combating the imp act of psychoactive s ubstances use on road 
accidents. CORDROGUE 97 – 13.11.2003  
- Council resolution on the posting of liaison officers with partic ular expertise in drugs to 
Albania. CORDROGUE 95 - 13.11.2003  
- Council Resolution of 17 December 2003 on tr aining for drug law enforcement officers. 
CORDROGUE 96 – 12.11.2003  
- Council Resolution on the importance of the ro le of the families in preventing drug abuse by 
adolescents. CORDROGUE 94 – 12.11.2003  
- Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on 
coordination on drugs in the Europe an Union. COM/2003/0681 final - 12.11.2003  
- Resolution of the representatives of the govern ments of the Member States meeting within 
the Council, for the development of education curricula on substance misuse disorders for 
medical and other care students and professionals and their in clusion in university studies. 
CORDROGUE 57 - 19.06.2003  
- Resolution of the representatives of the govern ments of the Member States meeting within 
the Council for the integration of the effect ive management (diagnos is, brief intervention, 
referrals) and medically assisted treatment for opiate dependent patients  within the national 
health care. CORDROGUE 56 - 19.06.2003  
- Council Recommendation of 18 June 2003 on the prevention and reduction of health-related 
harm associated with drug dependence. OJ L 165, 03.07.2003 P.31  
- Resolution of the Council on the importan ce of early interventi on to prevent drug 
dependence and drug related harm among young people using drugs. CORDROGUE 58 –  
13.06.2003  
 
EN 67   EN - Implementation paper on demand and supply reduc tion to deliver the EU  Drugs Action Plan. 
CORDROGUE 40 – 27.05.2003  
- Action Plan on Drugs between the EU and Co untries of Western Balkans and Candidate 
Countries (Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey). CORDROGUE 3 REV 2 - 23.05.2003  
- Agreement between the European Community and the Turkish Republic on precursors and 
chemical substances frequently used in th e illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or 
psychotropic substances. OJ L 064, 07.03.2003 - P.30   
- Resolution of the Representativ es of the Member States meeting within the Council on the 
treatment of drug abusers in pris ons. CORDROGUE 54 REV 4 – 28.11. 2002   
- Implementation plan on actions to be taken in regard to the supply of synthetic drugs. 
CORDROGUE 81 REV 2 – 26.11.2002  
- Council Resolution on the generic classificatio n of specific groups of  new synthetic drugs. 
CORDROGUE 64 REV 4 – 11.11. 2002   
- Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European parliament on the 
mid-term evaluation of the EU acti on plan on drugs. ( 2000-2004). COM(2002)599, 
04.11.2002  
- Council Decision of 30 September 2002 adop ting a specific programme for research, 
technological development and demonstration:  ‘Integrating and stre ngthening the European 
Research Area (2002-2006). OJ L 232, 29.10.2002 – P.1  
- Decision No 1786/2002/EC of the European Parl iament and of the Council of 23 September 
2002 adopting a programme of Community action in the field of public health (2003-2008). 
OJ L 271, 09.10.2002 - P.1  
- Action plan on Drugs between the EU and Central Asian republics (Kazakhstan, 
Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbeki stan). CORDROGUE 78 - 25.09.2002   
- Council Decision of 22 Ju ly 2002 establishing a framew ork programme on police and 
judicial cooperation in criminal  matters (AGIS). OJ L 203, 01.08.2002 - P.5   
- Commission Regulation (EC) No 1232/2002 of 9 July 2002 replacing the Annex to Council 
Regulation (EEC) No 3677/90 laying  down measures to be taken to discourage the diversion 
of certain substances to the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances 
and amending Regulation (EEC) No 3769/92 . OJ L 180, 10.07.2002 - P.5  
- Council Framework Decision of 13 June 2 002 on joint investigation teams. OJ L 162, 
20.06.2002 - P.1  
- Council Regulation (EC) No 988/2002 of 3 June 2002 amending Regulation (EEC) No 
3677/90 laying down measures to be taken to discourage the diversi on of certain substances to 
the illicit manufacture of narcotic  drugs and psychotropic substances 
OJ L 151, 11.06.2002 - P.1   
- Resolution of the Council on the incorporati on of drug prevention in school curricula. 
CORDROGUE 4 REV 3 - 08.05. 2002  
 
EN 68   EN - Council Recommendation of 25 April 2002 on im proving investigation methods in the fight 
against organised crime linked to organised drug trafficking: simultaneous investigations into 
drug trafficking by criminal organisations and their finances/assets. OJ C 114, 15.05.2002 -  
P.1 
- Council Recommendation of 25 April 2002 on the need to enhance cooperation and 
exchanges of information between the various  operational units specialising in combating 
trafficking in precursors in the Member States of the Eu ropean Union. OJ C 114, 15.05.2002 -  
P.3 
- Resolution of the Council and of the Representatives of the Member States on the prevention 
of the recreational use of dr ugs. CORDROGUE 2 REV 3 – 15.04. 2002  
- Council Decision of 28 Febr uary 2002 concerning control meas ures and criminal sanctions 
in respect of the new synthetic drug PMMA. OJ L 063, 06.03.2002 - P. 14   
- Joint declaration on drugs of the Ministers of the European Union in association with the 
European Commission, and the Candidate Countries. CORDROGUE 7 REV 2 – 15.02 2002  
- Council Regulation (EC) No 2501/2001 of 10 December 2001 applying a scheme of 
generalised tariff preferences for the period fr om 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2004.  OJ L 
346, 31.12.2001- P.1  
- Directive 2001/97/EC of the Euro pean Parliament and of the Council of 4 December 2001 
amending Council Directive 91/308/EEC on preventio n of the use of the financial system for 
the purpose of money laundering - Commi ssion Declaration. OJ L 344, 28.12.2001- P. 76  
- Council Resolution on the implementation of the five key epidemiological indicators on 
drugs, developed by the European Monitori ng Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction 
(EMCDDA). CORDROGUE 67- 15.11.2001  
- Council Act of 16 October 2001 es tablishing, in accordance with  Article 34 of the Treaty on 
European Union, the Protocol to the Conventio n on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters 
between the Member States of th e European Union.OJ C 326, 21.11.2001 - P.1  
- Council Decision of 28 June 2001 establishing  a programme of incentives and exchanges, 
training and cooperation for the pr evention of crime (Hippokrates ). OJ L 186, 07.07.2001 - P. 
11 
- Council Framework Decision of 26 June 2 001 on money laundering, the identification, 
tracing, freezing, seizing and conf iscation of instrumentalities a nd the proceeds of crime. OJ L 
182, 05.07.2001 - P. 1  
- Council Decision of 28 June 2001 establishing a second phase of in centives, exchanges, 
training and cooperation for law enforcemen t authorities (Oisin II) – OJ L 186, 07.07.2001 –  
P.4  
- Council Regulation (EC) No 1116/2001 of 5 June 2001 amending Regulation (EEC) No 
3677/90 laying down measures to be taken to discourage the diversi on of certain substances to 
the illicit manufacture of narcotic  drugs and psychotropic substances. 
O J L 153, 08.06.2001 - P. 4   
 
EN 69   EN - Council Decision of 28 May 2001 setting up a European crime prevention network. OJ L 
153, 08.06.2001 - P.1   
- Council Decision of 28 May 2001 on the transmissi on of samples of controlled substances.  
O J L 150, 06.06.2001 - P.1   
- Council recommendation on the alignment of law enforcement drug and diverted precursors 
statistics. STUP 26 – 30.10.2001 and STUP 29-13.11.2001  
- Council conclusions on networking informati on on emerging trends and patterns in drug 
abuse and poly-drug use and the associated risks. O J C 017, 19.01.2001 - P. 2  
- Initiative of the Kingdom of Sweden with a view to ad opting a JHA Council Decision 
establishing a system of special forensic pr ofiling analysis of synt hetic drugs. OJ C 10, 
12.01.2001 - P. 1  
- Council Decision of 17 October 2000 conc erning arrangements for cooperation between 
financial intelligence units of the Member Stat es in respect of exchanging information. OJ L 
271, 24.10.2000 - P. 4  
- Council Regulation (EC) No 2220/2000 of 28 September 2000 amending Regulation (EEC) 
No 302/93 on the establishment of a European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. OJ L 253, 07.10.2000 - P.1
 
- Council Decision of 28 September 2000 on the conclusion of an agreement between the 
European Community and the Kingdom of Norw ay on the participation of Norway in the 
work of the European Monitoring Centre  for Drugs and Drug Addiction. OJ L 257, 
11.10.2000 - P.23  
- Commission Regulation (EC) No 1610/2000 of  24 July 2000 amending Regulation (EEC) 
No 3769/92 implementing and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3677/90 laying down 
measures to be taken to discourage the dive rsion of certain substances to the illicit 
manufacture of narcotic drugs and psyc hotropic substances. JO L 185, 25.07.2000 - P.30  
- Convention established by the Council in accordance with Article 34 of the Treaty on 
European Union, on Mutual Assist ance in Criminal Matters between  the Member States of the 
European Union. JO C 197, 12.07.2000 – P-3   
 
EN 70   EN  
B. Pending EU instruments. 
- Proposal for a Directive of the European Parl iament and of the Council on the prevention of 
the use of the financial syst em for the purpose of money laundering, including terrorist 
financing. COM (2004) 448 – 30.06.2004  
- Proposal for a Council Regulation laying down ru les for the monitoring of trade between the 
Community and third countries in drug precursors”. UD 81, CORDROGUE, COMER 120, 
30.06.2004  
- Proposal for a Council Regulation on the Euro pean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug 
Addiction (recast). COM (2003) 808 (01) - 19.12.2003  
- Draft Council Recommendation on the monitoring of  the chemical composition of narcotics, 
in order to improve investigation results in the fight against transnational drug trafficking 
within the European Union. CORDROGUE 82-13.11.2003  
- Proposal for a Council Decision on the info rmation exchange, risk-assessment and the 
control on new narcotic drugs and new synthetic drugs. COM(2003)0560 final - 03.10.2003.  
- Initiative by the Kingdom of Spain for the conclusion of a Conven tion on the suppression by 
customs administrations of illicit drug trafficking on the high seas. JO C 45, 19.02.2002  
- Proposal for a Council framework Decisi on laying down minimum provisions on the 
constituent elements of criminal acts and penalt ies in the field of illicit drug trafficking. COM 
(001) 259 final 23.05.2001. OJ C 304 E, 30.10.2001 - P.172