COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 25.02.1997 
COM(97) 48 final 
REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION 
I. ON ACTION TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO THE COMMENTS 
MADE IN PARLIAMENT'S RESOLUTIONS 
ACCOMPANYING THE DECISIONS 
• GIVING DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE GENERAL BUDGET, THE ECSC 
AND THE EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING 
AND WORKING CONDITIONS 
DEFERRING DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR 
THE DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING 
II. ON ACTION TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS ACCOMPANYING 
THE COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION 
ON THE DISCHARGE 
FOR THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 25.02.1997 
COM(97) 48 final 
REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION 
I. ON ACTION TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO THE COMMENTS 
MADE IN PARLIAMENT'S RESOLUTIONS 
ACCOMPANYING THE DECISIONS 
• GIVING DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE GENERAL BUDGET, THE ECSC 
AND THE EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING 
AND WORKING CONDITIONS 
DEFERRING DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR 
THE DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING 
II. ON ACTION TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS ACCOMPANYING 
THE COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION 
ON THE DISCHARGE 
FOR THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 

I. PARLIAMENT CONTENTS 
Page 
1. PARLIAMENT RESOLUTION CONTAINING THE 
COMMENTS WHICH FORM PART OF THE DECISION GIVING 
DISCHARGE TO THE COMMISSION IN RESPECT OF THE 
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GENERAL BUDGET OF THE 
EUROPEAN UNION FOR THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 5 
GENERAL ISSUES 5 
THE STATEMENT OF ASSURANCE (DAS) 5 
OWN RESOURCES 26 
EXPENDITURE 27 
2. RESOLUTION ON THE REPORT OF THE COURT OF 
AUDITORS ON THE ACCOUNTS OF THE EUROPEAN COAL 
AND STEEL COMMUNITY AT 31 DECEMBER 1994 AND ON 
THE REPORT OF THE COURT OF AUDITORS ON THE 
MANAGEMENT OF THE ACCOUNTS AND THE FINANCIAL 
MANAGEMENT OF THE ECSC 59 
3. DECISION GIVING DISCHARGE TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE 
BOARD OF THE EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE 
IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS 
(DUBLIN) IN RESPECT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ITS 
BUDGET FOR THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 64 
4. RESOLUTION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 
INFORMING THE MANAGEMENT BOARD OF THE EUROPEAN 
CENTRE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL 
TRAINING (CEDEFOP) OF THE REASONS WHY THE DISCHARGE 
CANNOT AT PRESENT BE GIVEN IN RESPECT OF THE 
IMPLEMENTATION OF ITS BUDGET FOR THE 1994 
FINANCIAL YEAR 68 
II. COUNCIL 
1) ACTION TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS ACCOMPANYING 
THE COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION ON THE DISCHARGE TO BE 
GIVEN IN RESPECT OF THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 70 
CHAPTER 1: OWN RESOURCES 71 
CHAPTERS 2-13: EXPENDITURE 73 
1 

2) RELEVANT SPECIAL REPORTS 93 
3) ACTION TO BE TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS 
ACCOMPANYING THE COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION OF 
11 MARCH 1996 ON THE DISCHARGE TO BE GIVEN TO THE 
EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF 
LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS IN RESPECT OF THE 
1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 100 
4) ACTION TO BE TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS 
ACCOMPANYING THE COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION OF 
11 MARCH 1996 ON THE DISCHARGE TO BE GIVEN TO THE 
EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL 
TRAINING IN RESPECT OF THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 102 

PARLIAMENT RESOLUTIONS ACCOMPANYING THE DECISIONS 
GIVING DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE GENERAL BUDGET, THE ECSC 
AND THE EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING 
AND WORKING CONDITIONS 
DEFERRING DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR 
THE DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR THE 1994 
FINANCIAL YEAR 

1. PARLIAMENT RESOLUTION CONTAINING THE COMMENTS WHICH 
FORM PART OF THE DECISION GIVING DISCHARGE TO THE 
COMMISSION IN RESPECT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 
GENERAL BUDGET OF THE EUROPEAN UNION FOR THE 1994 
FINANCIAL YEAR 
GENERAL ISSUES 
(Parliament) 
Calls on the Commission to fulfil the duties entrusted to it by the Treaties by 
seeing to it that Union expenditure is managed in a way ensuring full compliance 
with Union law; regrets in this respect the lukewarm attitude taken by the 
Commission towards Member States which ignore their legal obligations; insists 
that the Commission make full use of the means at its disposal to guarantee that 
appropriations spent represent good value for money and that the Union's financial 
interests are fully protected; 
Commission reply 
The Commission does its best to see to it that the Member States properly discharge their 
obligations in respect of the implementation of the Union budget. The effectiveness of 
such measures is limited by the resources available as compared with the number of 
sectors to be monitored. This is why the Commission has invited the Member States to 
join it, as part of Stage III of the SEM 2000 exercise, in giving thought to ways of 
making all partners aware of the need to manage Union money correctly. One aim is to 
make the conditions for the'granting of Community aid clearer. In the Commission's 
view, this is the most promising path towards achieving better budgetary discipline. 
THE STATEMENT OF ASSURANCE (DAS) 
8. Asks the Commission henceforth to include in the accounts of the European 
Union an account under the heading "specified amounts subject to recovery 
proceedings", specifying individual cases and sub-totals, on the basis of the 
substantial errors reported by the Court of Auditors; asks furthermore the 
Commission to inform the budgetary authority of action taken on each of 
those cases; 
Commission reply 
In the balance sheet for the 1996 financial year the Commission will include a special 
heading to make clear the actual amounts owed following substantial errors detected by 
the Court of Auditors in respect of the statement of assurance. The Commission would, 
nevertheless, point out that if such debts are highlighted in the balance sheet, it must be 
with due regard for general accounting principles, particularly the principle of caution, 
the object of which is to avoid overvaluing assets and undervaluing debts. 
In the case in point, the debts constitute an asset which, pursuant to the abovementioned 
principle, may not be over- or undervalued. A medium-term solution therefore needs to 
be found, as indeed was stressed in the report giving the discharge for 1994.1 
The Commission therefore proposes to put in an amount as a token entry and give details 
of it under the orders for recovery issued by authorizing officers against operators who 
have received Union resources where a substantial error was made in the payment of 
same. 
COMMISSION REPLY TO THE CASES RAISED BY THE COURT OF AUDITORS 
IN ANNEX W TO THE SPECIAL REPORT SUPPORTING THE 1994 DAS 
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR 
Commission reply 
Since November 1995, following identification of specific cases, the Commission officials 
concerned (EAGGF - Clearance of accounts) have been requested to take account of the 
cases referred to in Annex IV to the Special 1994 DAS Report when carrying out their 
inspection visits. 
The letters sent to the Member States with comments take account of all such cases. 
Provided that the Member States do not dispute the facts and the regulations are properly 
interpreted, the Commission will draw all the requisite financial conclusions when 
clearing the accounts for the 1994 financial year. In this connection, discussions with the 
Member States are scheduled for 30 September 1996 and 11 October 1996. If all goes 
smoothly, the final decision will be taken at the end of 1997. 
The Commission will attach a sheet to the summary report on the clearance of the 
accounts for the 1994 financial year setting out the action taken on each of the cases 
referred to by the Court; the financial corrections which need to be made to these are set 
out below. 
1. Storage costs in respect of quantities cereals the existence of which had not been 
proved. 
Commission reply 
During the 1995 financial year the Italian authorities made a physical inventory of the 
quantities and quality of all cereal intervention stocks (100%). The outcome of the check 
was that in the 1995 financial year the initial stock figure of 23 505.9 tonnes was reduced 
(the financial consequences of the reduction for the 1994 financial year will have to be 
established when the accounts for this year are cleared) and a loss of 107 524.371 tonnes 
was registered; the EAGGF was reimbursed a sum of the order of ECU 14 million. 
1 Working document PE 218.048, para. 14. 
6 
2. A stock of physical cotton different from the stock stated in the accounts 
audited, thus implying an over-declaration concerning the quantity of raw cotton. 
Commission reply 
Raw cotton, Greece: - correction of the 6 cases = DRA 1 383 849 645 
- 5% flat-rate correction = DRA 10 035 213 214 
3. Subsidization of tomatoes which were unsuitable for processing. 
Commission reply 
Processed tomatoes, Spain: correction PTA 195 325 406 
4. Coefficients which overestimated packaging costs. 
Commission reply 
The rules in force at the time allowed two packaging coefficients (0.65 and 0.90) to be 
used. Following checks by the Commission, a 10% flat-rate correction was proposed in 
the case of Greece as regards the expenditure linked to the withdrawal of peaches and 
nectarines by the professional associations. The 0.90 coefficient has, moreover, been 
abolished for the 1995-96 growing season. 
5. Surface areas subsidized different from the actual areas. 
Commission reply 
Arable crops: 
- UK : correction UKL 18 243.69 
- Greece : correction DRA 6 268 761.6 
- Italy : correction LIT 2 058 189 860 
- France : correction FF 1 091.15 
6. Quality coefficients overstated the qualities subsidized 
Commission reply 
France has been requested to notify the amounts of compensation overpaid. 
7. A payment made twice to the same beneficiary. 
Commission reply 
Grubbing up of vines: Italy: correction LIT 71 213 615. 
8. Tobacco production premiums paid for quantities exceeding those stipulated in 
the contracts. 
Commission reply 
Italy: correction LIT 774 393 428. 
9. Tinned meat not containing the ingredients (according to the laboratory 
certificate) justifying the rate applied for the payment of export refunds. 
Commission reply 
Italy: correction LIT 157 293 262. 
10. Underestimation of the profit on sales in the calculation of the public-storage 
costs. 
Commission reply 
Italy: In the final statement of public-storage costs produced by the computerized 
FAUDIT-ED system and supplied to Member States by the Commission, the anomalies 
noted by the Court (underestimation of the profit on sales) were automatically corrected 
in the accounts for the 1995 financial year. 
11. Underestimation of the amount of the subsidy paid owing to the misapplication 
of the agricultural conversion rate. 
Commission reply 
Dried fodder - olive oil: Spain: correction - PTA 171 763 893. 
12. Application for a premium unacceptable owing to its submission after the 
deadline. 
Commission reply 
Special beef and veal premium: Italy: correction LIT 5 384 460. 
13. An item of expenditure declared for 1994, whereas it should have been charged 
to the financial year 1995. 
Commission reply 
As part of the overhaul of the accounts clearance system and in view of the need for 
assent from the paying organizations, the Italian authorities propose to simplify the 
payments circuit (the funds required for payment purposes will no longer have to go 
through the national treasuries), which would enable it to comply with the concept of 
payment as laid down in Article 9 of Regulation (EEC) No 2776/88. 
Dried fodder: Italy: expenditure of LIT 245 099 865 wrongly declared in 1994 
when it related to the 1995 financial year. 
8 
Sheepmeat: Italy: 3 payments totalling 7 526 809 declared in 1994 whereas it was 
expenditure for 1995. 
The annual statement of expenditure will be adjusted accordingly. 
14. Non-imposition of penalties in respect of the late submission of a subsidy 
application. 
Commission reply 
Beef and veal: penalty in respect of the late submission of a subsidy application. Italy: 
correction LIT 7 619 636. 
15. Overvaluation of the amount of aid owing to the incorrect classification of the 
land set aside. 
Commission reply 
Italy: positive correction + 250 829. 
16. Declared expenditure in excess of actual expenditure. 
Commission reply 
Italy: corrections LIT 346 895 600 and LIT 268 061 025. 
17. An over-high final payment made owing to the use of an incorrect exchange 
rate and to the oversight of an advance already paid 
Commission reply 
Italy: correction LIT 2 859 500. 
18. A subsidy paid for processing products which did not meet the specifications. 
Commission reply 
Dairy products: UK: correction UKL 21 118.3. 
19. An amount recovered lower than the amount owed. 
Commission reply 
Italy: correction LIT 308 296. 
20. A set-aside subsidy paid for ineligible land. 
Commission reply 
Germany: corrections DM 3 551.31 and DM 1 579.51. 
21. A premium paid in respect of ineligible breeding stock. 
Commission reply 
Sheepmeat: Italy: correction LIT 4 290 198. 
22. Overestimation of stock depreciation owing to the application of the wrong 
coefficients. 
Commission reply 
In the final statement of public-storage costs produced by the computerized F AUDIT-ED 
system and supplied to Member States by the Commission, the anomalies noted by the 
Court (overestimation of stock depreciation) were automatically corrected in the accounts 
for the 1995 financial year. 
Beef : Ireland : correction 1 959 936,73 IRL. 
23. No deduction in respect of overlapping subsidies. 
Commission reply 
Arable crops: France: correction FF 335.86. 
24. Subsidy increased owing to the application of the wrong agricultural conversion 
rate. 
Commission reply 
Bananas: France: correction FF 338 851.93. 
25. Subsidy paid in respect of a non-existent winegrowing plot. 
Commission reply 
France: correction FF 7 824.38. 
26. Non-application of the pro-rata reduction in cases of non-compliance with the 
obligation to set aside 15% of the land 
Commission reply 
France: corrections FF 319.46, FF 1 176.28, FF 203.26 and FF 74.87. 
27. Expenditure declared although the corresponding payments had not been made 
to beneficiaries. 
Commission reply 
Arable crops: correction included (see point 5). 
10 
28. Sugar storage subsidies which should have been paid monthly and charged to 
the financial year 1993. 
Commission reply 
Sugar storage subsidies which should have been declared in 1993 but were declared in 
1994. The annual statement of costs will be adjusted accordingly. 
29. Reimbursement of the costs of sugar stored in an unauthorized warehouse. 
Commission reply 
The Spanish authorities have produced evidence that the warehouse in question was 
recognized. 
30. Advances in excess of the ceilings stipulated in the Regulation. 
Commission reply 
Improvement in milk quality: Spain: correction PTA 1 018 022 422. 
FISHERIES 
31. The payment of a final balance on the basis of documents that were not 
adequate according to the regulations. 
Commission reply 
The Commission can only confirm the reply given to the special DAS report, which was 
that while admitting that a number of secondary vouchers were not sent in with the 
payment application, the Commission said that the documents supplied were adequate 
grounds for paying the amount requested in full. However, the departments concerned 
have been instructed to inspect the vouchers which have to be submitted with applications 
for payment very carefully. 
REGIONAL SECTOR 
The settlement of the error cases presented by the Court in the regional sector, mainly in 
the area of ERDF expenditure, requires the following steps: 
I. Examination whether the DAS errors had a direct impact on the Commission 
payments and therefore require a recovery of amounts paid (corrective action). 
II. Examination whether the DAS errors have a potential future impact on the 
Community budget and therefore imply preventive action on the part of the Commission. 
III. Detailed examination of the substance of the problems, which implies 
identification of the cases, collection of sufficient information and evaluation of the 
arguments in favour of and against the existence or severity of an error. 
11 
IV. Taking a documented view on the substance of each case and taking any necessary 
action (corrective or preventive). 
!• Direct impact of the errors on the Commission payments 
The ERDF co-finances operational programmes, which are series of coordinated multiannual 
activities. The selection of the individual projects, the control of their implementation and the 
verification of compliance with Community legislation are primarily the responsibility of the 
Member States. 
ERDF payments are mainly advances to Member States, conditional on the progress of the 
implementation of the programme. The amounts to be advanced are fixed on the adoption of the 
programme. The timing of each payment, after the initial advance, depends on the expenditure 
declared by the Member State. The Commission establishes threshold levels (trigger points) of 
expenditure, required to be achieved and declared by the Member State in order to receive a 
certain payment. When the Member State declares expenditure above a certain "trigger point", it 
receives the prefixed advance. At the closure of the programme, Commission and Member 
States make the final settlement. If the Member State has not made sufficient expenditure, it 
may refund part of the amounts received. If it has made expenditure above the budget of the 
programme, it limits the ERDF payment claim to the maximum grant approved. 
Any impact of Member State errors (eg. ineligible expenditure) on the ERDF payments would 
take place through the declarations of expenditure, in the sense that the expenditure which was 
declared to the Commission and triggered the ERDF payment might be insufficient when the 
errors are taken into account, so that the full ERDF payment would not be justified. 
In this context, the Commission stated in its reply to the 1994 DAS report that these errors had 
in fact had no impact on the ERDF payments examined by the Court. This is because the 
Member States normally declare a level of expenditure well above the level required to trigger 
payment by the Commission of the next advance. Thus, even if the Member State declarations 
of expenditure included some ineligible items, the ERDF payments were justified by the sum of 
eligible items. 
Even if the level of expenditure declared had not been sufficient to cover the DAS errors, the 
only consequence would have been on the timing, not the amounts of the ERDF advances. This 
is because the Member States continue spending after the submission of the declarations and the 
total level of expenditure therefore gradually increases. If the Member States had been aware of 
the ineligible expenditure items, they would have simply delayed the submission of the 
declarations until the levels of eligible expenditure had reached the trigger points. 
The table following this section of the Commission's comments demonstrates that in almost all 
cases, the expenditure declared by the Member State (column 8) was considerably higher than 
the expenditure required for the ERDF payment (column 9), and that there was therefore 
sufficient margin to cover the amounts of expenditure which were considered by the Court as 
12 
ineligible. Only in one case (para 33) was the DAS error not fully covered by this margin; the 
result in this case was that the ERDF advance was paid two months early. 
The Member State payment claims may have been inaccurate but were nevertheless valid 
because, even taking into account the errors, the eligible expenditure declared was above the 
trigger points and therefore, the claims qualified for the ERDF payments. For this reason, no 
recovery of amounts paid is required. The Court itself has recognised (para 3.146 of 1994 DAS 
report) that in the area of Structural Funds the errors do not necessarily affect the Commission 
payments. 
The Commission considers that the categorisation of these problems by the Court as substantial 
errors was mistaken and misleading. According to the Court's definitions, errors which have no 
direct and measurable detrimental impact on the Community budget are considered as formal 
errors (see DAS 1994, para 1.40). 
II. Potential future impact of the errors on the Community budget 
The Commission has acknowledged in its Annex to the 1994 DAS report (pp. 88-90) that even 
if the DAS errors had no impact on the specific ERDF advances, they are nevertheless 
considered by the Commission as potential risks to be taken into account in the Commission's 
financial management. A future impact of these errors on the Community budget is conditional 
on the following : 
- the errors presented by the Court are justified in the sense that the Member State declarations 
of expenditure indeed include ineligible expenditure items, 
- these errors are not corrected by the Member State authorities and the final declarations of 
expenditure therefore continue to include the ineligible items, 
- at the closure of the programme there is insufficient margin to compensate for these errors in 
the sense that the programme is closing within the approved budget and, therefore, the 
Commission payments relate to all expenditure items included in the declaration, even the 
ineligible ones. 
On these three assumptions, the DAS errors bear a risk of a potential future impact on the 
Community budget and therefore may require preventive action on the part of the Commission. 
This conclusion however is quite different from the allegations of the Court when it presented 
these problems as "substantial errors" which, by definition, imply a direct and measurable 
detrimental impact on the 1994 Community budget. The main argument of the Commission 
against the 1994 DAS approach was that the Court made the assumption that any ineligible 
items included in the Member State declaration had a direct, automatic impact on the 
Community budget. In its Annex (see 1994 DAS, pp.88-90) the Commission replied that this 
assumption was not valid and explained the technical limitations of this approach, mainly the 
Court's unsuccessful attempts to link the underlying transactions to specific advance payments 
13 
and to quantify the DAS errors (these have been ultimately presented in "gross values", i.e. total 
sums paid out by Member States, of which the Community co-financing could form only a 
part). 
HI. Examination of the substance of the problems (identification, information, 
evaluation) 
Given that the majority of the 1994 DAS errors concern expenditure under the 1989-93 
programmes, which are being closed during 1996, the Commission launched an examination of 
the substance of all the problem cases brought up in the 1994 DAS and Annual reports. The 
objective of this examination is to ensure that all problems reported by the Court have been 
satisfactorily settled before the closure of the programmes, in the sense that the Commission has 
available a written statement of the Member State, either explaining the situation in a reasonable 
and documented way and concluding that the Court's observation is not valid, or accepting the 
observation and undertaking the correction of the error, usually in the next declaration of 
expenditure. 
This examination has been based on information included in the detailed audit reports (sector 
letters) of the Court of Auditors and in the Member State replies. Where the information or the 
Member State explanations were not sufficient to show that the problems have been 
satisfactorily settled, the Commission wrote to the Member State authorities requesting further 
clarification. 
This follow-up examination however has encountered certain difficulties, mainly because the 
information available from the Court of Auditors is, in some cases, insufficient: 
1. The Commission has not been informed of the opinion of the Court of Auditors on the 
sufficiency of most of the Member States' explanations. Since these problems have been 
discovered by the Court and only the Court itself is fully aware of the facts supporting the 
observations, it would be useful for the Commission to have the Court's opinion on the 
explanations of the national authorities. Moreover, it should be noted that especially for the 
1994 DAS errors, the sector letters were sent to the Member States rather late, and in many 
cases the Member State comments have not been taken into account in the DAS report. This 
implies a certain risk for the validity of the DAS errors (e.g. 8 out of 26 cases needed a simple 
clarification by the national authorities) and, therefore, for the possibility of justifying financial 
corrections at the closure of the programmes. 
So far, the Court has informed the Commission in only a limited number of cases of its opinion 
on the sufficiency of the Member State explanations of the DAS errors. 
2. Many of the amounts of error included in the DAS report cannot be easily traced to the 
sector letters or to the Member State replies. In some cases, the amounts of error indicated in the 
sector letters are different from those included in the DAS report ; in some other cases, the 
sector letters do not indicate any specific amounts of error. The Member State authorities 
comment on the observations and the amounts indicated in the sector letters but they often do 
not recognise the cases to which the DAS errors refer. Therefore, the identification, evaluation 
and follow-up become laborious and, in some cases, impossible. These difficulties are 
14 
compounded in the case of the so-called "known errors", for which there are no specific DAS 
sector letters but a reference to other audit reports of the Court; the Commission has to try to 
identify these cases by reference to the size of the error mentioned. 
The Commission wrote to the Court in March 1996 requesting specific information for tracing a 
number of DAS cases. No reply has been received yet. 
IV. Conclusions of the follow-up examination 
Of the 26 cases of "substantial DAS errors" in the area of ERDF, covered by paragraphs 22 to 
43 of Annex IV of the DAS report, 3 cases are still under examination under Article 24 of Reg. 
No 4253/88 and 2 cases have not been identified because the information provided by the Court 
is not sufficient, the other 21 cases are considered as satisfactorily settled and do not appear to 
require any further follow-up by the Commission. 
The table following this section of the Commission's comments summarises the situation. 
Detailed information for each individual case is given below. 
32. Items of 1991 and 1992 expenditure declared as justifying other expenditure in 1993 
presented as justification for an advance paid in 1994, compounded by a statement of 
expenditure which did not correspond to the accounts of the beneficiary audited, and 
computing equipment subsidized under a telematics project 
Commission reply 
The observation concerns a project which was financed under the Telematics OP. Its eligibility 
is questioned by the Court because it concerns the purchase of informatics equipment; other 
problems concern the expenditure declarations and the accounting system of the beneficiary. 
The Member State authorities do not accept these observations. In view of the closure of this 
programme, the Commission wrote to the competent national authorities asking for further 
clarifications. It is underlined however that the final amount of expenditure declared by the 
Member State for this programme is considerably higher than the amount required for triggering 
the ERDF advance and final payment, forming thus a sufficient margin to cover the error; 
therefore this DAS error has no financial impact on the Commission payments and the question 
of recovery does not appear to arise. 
33. The payment of costs connected with ineligible operations. 
Commission reply 
1) As explained by the Commission in its reply to the DAS report (point 33/2, page 82) 
this case concerns the certification by the Member State of expenditure concerning new actions, 
before the official approval of them by the Commission. The practical effect in this case is that a 
Commission payment was made two months early; the question of recovery does not appear to 
arise. 
15 
2) The information available to the Commission does not allow the identification of this 
case mentioned by the Court; it concerns "a known error" for which there is no specific DAS 
sector letter. The Commission wrote to the Court in March 1996 requesting information for 
tracing a number of DAS cases (this one included) but no reply has been received yet. In view 
of the closure of the programme concerned, the Commission took further action; it wrote to the 
national authorities concerned asking for identification and clarification of this case. It is 
underlined however that the amount of expenditure declared by the Member State for this 
programme is considerably higher than the amount required for triggering the ERDF advance, 
forming thus a sufficient margin to cover the error; therefore at this stage, the DAS error has no 
financial impact on the Commission payments made and the question of recovery does not 
appear to arise (see also para. 40). 
3) Having been sufficiently informed by the Court and considering that the Member State 
replies were not satisfactory and these two problem cases were not settled, the Commission 
launched an examination under Article 24 of Regulation No. 4253/88 which has not been 
concluded yet. However, the amounts of expenditure declared by the Member State for these 
programmes are considerably higher than the amounts required for triggering the ERDF 
advances, forming thus sufficient margins to cover these DAS errors and ensuring the regularity 
of the Commission advances made. 
4) The error, mentioned also in the 1994 Annual Report of the Court (para 4.18 a), 
concerns a declared purchase cost of about ECU 1.7 million for a piece of land which in fact 
represented ECU 0.56 million disbursed before the eligibility date, and ECU 1.13 million used 
to repay a loan taken out when the land was purchased. In their reply to specific questions 
addressed by the Commission for the clarification of this problem, the Member State authorities 
undertook the correction of the error. Therefore, the question of recovery does not appear to 
arise. 
5) The observation concerns an amount of ECU 748.648 paid by the beneficiary for several 
phases of a project, some of which were not cofinanced by ERDF. The Court recognized, 
however, in the sector letter that this error was probably corrected in the next declaration of 
expenditure. The competent national authorities, in answer to a specific question from the 
Commission on this subject, clearly stated that this error had indeed been corrected in the next 
declaration of expenditure; therefore, the question of recovery does not appear to arise. 
16 
6) The Commission amended its initial decision, C(94) 672/3 of 12 April 1994, by 
Decision C(95) 1719 final of 17 July 1995. The application for amendment of the decision 
submitted by the Member State covered, among other things, the work and the corresponding 
costs of ECU 572 779, as mentioned in Commission letter No 171845 of 16 December 1994. 
With the amendment of the said decision, these costs become eligible and there is therefore no 
need at this stage to effect a recovery. 
34. Expenditure lacking conclusive justification, certified by a Member State. 
Commission reply 
The observation concerns an amount of ECU 47 547 which was deemed by the Court to be 
ineligible because it was not substantiated during the auditors' visit. The national authorities, in 
their reply, did not accept the validity of the observation and presented copies of the relevant 
supporting documents; therefore the question of recovery does not appear to arise. 
35. Declared expenditure below that in the beneficiary's accounts. 
Commission reply 
1) The two DAS errors concern two amounts totalling about ECU 1 million which were 
declared in excess of the actual expenditure. The Member State authorities accepted the validity 
of the observation and committed themselves to correcting it in the next declaration of 
expenditure. It is underlined however that the amount of expenditure declared by the Member 
State for this programme is considerably higher than the amount required for triggering the 
ERDF advances, forming thus a sufficient margin to cover the errors; therefore at this stage, 
these DAS errors have no financial impact on the Commission payments made and the question 
of recovery does not appear to arise. 
2) This observation concerns a "negative" error of ECU 21 691, i.e. the Member State 
declared an expenditure amount lower than that actually incurred. The question of recovery 
does not appear to arise (see also para. 36). 
36. Expenditure declared lower than the eligible expenditure incurred 
Commission reply 
This observation concerns a "negative" error of 449.176 ECU, i.e. the Member State declared an 
expenditure amount lower than that actually incurred. The question of recovery does not appear 
to arise (see also para. 35/2). 
17 
3 7. Unpaid invoices and/or provisions included in a statement of expenditure. 
Commission reply 
1) This observation concerns an error of ineligible expenditure of ECU 758. However, the 
very small value of the error in relation to the fact that the programme concerned has been 
closed with actual expenditure about ECU 11 million above the approved ERDF budget means 
that no correction or recovery is required. 
2) The two errors, totalling about ECU 1 060 000, concerned expenditure which according 
to the Court had not been actually incurred at the time of the declaration to the Commission. 
The Member State authorities state that these amounts were not included in the declaration of 
expenditure examined by the Court but in a subsequent declaration, when the relevant amounts 
had indeed been paid out. The Court's observation does not therefore seem valid and the 
question of recovery does not appear to arise. 
3) The observation concerns the method of certification of expenditure by a beneficiary 
company which is based on the cost accounting records and not on the actual payments. The 
Court however has later informed the Commission that in a subsequent audit in the same 
company (DAS 1995), the officials of the company assured the auditors that the method of 
certification of expenditure had been modified. In view of the closure of the programme, the 
Commission addressed specific questions on this subject to the competent national authorities in 
order to ensure that the expenditure certifications submitted to the Commission concern only 
expenditure actually incurred. The national authorities assured the Commission of the eligibility 
of the expenditure in the subsequent declarations. Therefore, the question of recovery does not 
appear to arise. 
38. VAT, which was deductible for the beneficiary, included in the statement of 
expenditure. 
Commission reply 
The observation concerns the certification of an amount of about ECU 304 305 which, 
according to the Court, represented recoverable VAT. The national authorities explained in their 
reply that this amount of VAT was not in fact recoverable and was therefore eligible for ERDF 
cofinancing. The Court of Auditors, in a subsequent letter to the Commission, accepted the 
validity of the Member State explanations. Therefore, the question of recovery does not appear 
to arise. 
18 
39. Expenditure in respect of which the supporting documents could not be produced 
Commission reply 
1) The observation concerns certified expenditure of about ECU 7.6 million which, 
according to the Court, was not supported by the documentary evidence required. The same 
observation was included in the "non-auditable" cases in the 1994 DAS report (para 3.132 (k), 
page 42), quantified at about ECU 74 million. The national authorities, in their reply, explain 
that the documentary evidence of the expenditure made by the communes is available only at 
the level of the communes and not at the central administrative service where the auditors 
carried out their control. The Commission auditors, during their own controls, have already 
verified that the documentary evidence concerning the communes is available only at the level 
of the communes. Therefore the Court's observation, probably resulting from a 
misunderstanding, does not seem valid and the question of recovery does not appear to arise. 
2) This observation concerns an error of ineligible expenditure of 39 ECU. However, the 
very small value of the error in relation to the fact that the programme concerned has been 
closed with actual expenditure about ECU 11 million above the approved ERDF budget means 
that no correction or recovery is required (see also para. 37/1). 
40. Expenditure outside the eligibility period 
Commission reply 
1) The observation, included also in the 1994 Annual Report (para 4.16 (a), page 105), 
concerns certified expenditure of ECU 317 178 which was effected outside the eligible period. 
The national authorities did not present a complete reply to this observation. In view of the 
closure of the programme, the Commission addressed specific questions regarding this 
observation to the competent national authorities. It is underlined however that the final amount 
of expenditure declared by the Member State for this programme is considerably higher than the 
amount required for triggering the ERDF advances and final payment, forming thus a sufficient 
margin to cover this error; therefore this DAS error has no financial impact on the Commission 
payments and the question of recovery does not appear to arise. 
2) The observation concerned expenditure of about ECU 7 170 000 which, according to the 
Court, was effected outside the eligible period. In the relevant sector letter however, the Court 
makes clear that the expenditure was only invoiced outside the eligible period but was paid 
within this period; therefore the Court concludes that the observation is valid only on the 
condition that the "invoice date criterion" applies. The Member State explains that the criterion 
for eligibility is when the expenditure is actually incurred (i.e. paid out) and not when it is 
simply committed or invoiced. The Commission considers that this observation resulted from a 
misunderstanding on the part of the Court in the sense that the relevant provisions relate the 
certification of expenditure and the eligible period to the actual payments and not to the invoices 
concerned. The question of recovery does not therefore appear to arise. 
19 
3) The observation concerns certified expenditure of about ECU 290 000 which was 
effected outside the eligible period. In the relevant sector letter, the Court accepted that this 
error had no impact on the Commission payment. The Member State authorities, in their reply, 
accepted that the observation was valid and that the declaration of expenditure submitted to the 
Commission included erroneously this amount. Given that the programme concerned had been 
closed before the notification of this DAS error, the Commission examined carefully whether 
this problem had any impact on the ERDF payments, justifying thus a recovery. The total 
expenditure declared by the Member State amounted to about ECU 27.8 million while the 
programme requirements were for ECU 27 million. Therefore, the amount of ECU 0.8 million 
spent and declared by the Member State above the approved ERDF budget is sufficient to cover 
the DAS error of ECU 0.3 million, thus allowing the Member State to qualify for the total 
ERDF grant; under these circumstances, no recovery of ERDF grant paid is justified. 
4) The information available to the Commission does not allow the identification of this 
case; it concerns a "known error" of ECU 732 516 for which there is no specific DAS sector 
letter. The Commission wrote to the Court in March 1996 requesting information for tracing a 
number of DAS cases (this one included) but no reply has been received yet. In view of the 
closure of the programme concerned, the Commission took further action; it wrote to the 
national authorities concerned asking for identification and clarification of this case. It is 
underlined however that the amount of expenditure declared by the Member State for this 
programme is considerably higher than the amount required for triggering the ERDF advance, 
thus forming a sufficient margin to cover the error; therefore, at this stage, this DAS error has 
no financial impact on the Commission payments made and the question of recovery does not 
appear to arise (see also para. 33/2). 
41. Advances paid in excess of the limits stipulated in the Regulation. 
Commission reply 
The error concerns the Commission payment procedures and it has already been explained in 
the Commission's reply to the 1994 DAS report (page 82, point 41). The question of recovery 
does not appear to arise. 
42. Expenditure which was ineligible because it did not relate to the project financed 
under the Operational Programme concerned 
Commission reply 
The observation concerns the eligibility of certain expenditure items included in the declaration 
of expenditure, amounting to 1.726 ECU. The national authorities did not present a complete 
reply to this observation. In view of the closure of the programme, the Commission wrote to the 
competent Member State authorities asking for further clarifications. It is underlined however 
that the final amount of expenditure declared by the Member State for this programme is 
considerably higher than the amount required for triggering the ERDF advances and final 
20 
payment, forming thus a sufficient margin to cover the error; therefore, this DAS error has no 
financial impact on the Commission payments and the question of recovery does not appear to 
arise. 
43. A building used for purposes other than those which justified (and conferred 
entitlement to) the Community contribution. 
Commission reply 
Having been sufficiently informed by the Court and considering that the Member State replies 
were not satisfactory and this problem case was not settled, the Commission launched an 
examination under Article 24 of Regulation No. 4253/88 which has not been concluded yet. 
However, the amount of expenditure declared by the Member State for this programme is 
considerably higher than the amount required for triggering the ERDF advance, forming thus a 
sufficient margin to cover this DAS error and ensuring the regularity of the Commission 
advances made (see also para 33/3). 
21 
SUBSTANTIAL ERRORS CONCERNING ERDF PAYMENTS, INCLUDED IN THE 1994 STATEMENT OF ASSURANCE (DAS) REPORT (ECU) 
DAS 
para DAS 
test M-S Programme 
(ERDF No) Nature 
of 
payment PROBLEM Amount 
of DAS 
error Expenditure 
declared 
by M-S Threshold level 
of expenditure 
equired for paym Impact 
on ERDF 
payments M-S 
response DGXVI 
Follow-up Explanations 
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 
para 32 |PP4 | ES |911110005 |Adv1,2/93 |ineligible project | 4.223.000| 58.727.128| 34.739.700| NO | | no follow-up |see detailed comments 
para 33 
para 33 
para 33 
para 33 
para 33 
para 33 KNPP31 
KNPP34 
KNPP36 
KNPP37 
KNPP38 
PP194 ES 
ES 
BE 
BE 
ES 
PO 921103004 
921109006 
911009003 
901010002 
921109006 
901210002 Adv2/prog 
Adv2/93 
Advl/93 
Adv1/92 
Adv2/93 
Adv2/93 ineligible operations 
ineligible operations 
ineligible operations 
ineligible operations 
ineligible operations 
ineligible operations 4.235.431 
4.957.290 
20.613 
164.839 
1.625.752 
748.648 6.396.515 
55.339.345 
11.626.532 
7.054.191 
55.339.345 
24.496.000 3.095.505 
36.739.500 
10.334.946 
5.284.396 
36.739.500 
20.557.000 early pay 
NO 
NO 
NO 
NO 
NO satisfactory 
unsatisfactory 
unsatisfactory 
correction 
correction settled case 
letter to CoA,M-S 
Article 24 
Article 24 
settled case 
settled case see DAS94,p.82, point 33/2 
non identified case 
para 34 |PP12 | UK |910909016 |Adv1/93 |non justified expenditure | 47.547| 3.438.960| 720.000| NO | satisfactory | settled case | 
para 35 
para 35 
para 35 KNPP40 
KNPP41 
PP15 ES 
ES 
ES 881109002 
881109002 
901109022 Adv1,2/93 
Adv 1,2/93 
Adv1,2/93 decl.differ.from account. 
decl.differ.from account. 
decl.lower than account. 823.694 
130.563 
-21.691 54.821.133 
54.821.133 
40.141.068 39.423.700 
39.423.700 
25.651.250 NO 
NO 
NO correction 
correction settled case 
settled case 
no follow-up "negative error" 
para 36 |PP398 | DE |890209002 |Final jdeclar.lower than actual | -449.176| 109.737.176j 109.550.000| NO | | no follow-up |"negative error" 
para 37 
para 37 
para 37 
para 37 KNPP389 
KNPP496 
PP17 
PP496 IRL 
GR 
ES 
GR 890409001 
900810001 
921109007 
900810001 Final 
Adv2/93 
Adv2/93 
Adv2/93 unpaid invoices, provisions 
unpaid invoices, provisions 
unpaid invoices, provisions 
unpaid invoices, provisions 758 
260.286 
395.308 
798.473 920.014.222 
106.275.665 
12.914.944 
106.275.665 909.684.000 
32.994.077 
9.248.500 
32.994.077 NO 
NO 
NO 
NO satisfactory 
correction 
satisfactory no follow-up 
settled case 
settled case 
settled case closed progr. 
para 38 |PP218 | ES |921103003 |Adv2/prog |non eligibility of VAT | 304.305| 2.790.479] 1.994.250| NO | satisfactory | settled case ] 
para 39 
para 39 PP389 
PP397 IRL 
DE 890409001 
940209004 Final 
Adv2/94 lack of documentation 
lack of documentation 39 
7.596.257 920.014.222 
236.300.000 909.684.000 
61.831.500 NO 
NO satisfactory no follow-up 
settled case closed progr. 
para 40 
para 40 
para 40 
para 40 KNPP32 
KNPP39 
PP384 
PP407 ES 
ES 
PO 
DE 911110005 
921109006 
941209008 
880210001 Adv1,2/93 
Adv2/93 
Adv2/94 
Final out of eligible period 
out of eligible period 
out of eligible period 
out of eligible period 317.178 
732.516 
7.170.255 
290.275 58.727.128 
55.339.345 
28.893.828 
27.784.953 34.739.700 
36.739.500 
12.025.000 
27.030.634 NO 
NO 
NO 
NO satisfactory 
satisfactory no follow-up 
letter to CoA,M-S 
settled case 
settled case see detailed comments 
non identified case 
para 41 |PP219 |COM1850503048 |lnterim |advances above limits | 1.854.6381 this concerns the Commission NO | no follow-up see DAS94,p.82,point 41 
para 42 |PP400 j. BE J921009002 |Adv2/93 (ineligible expenditure j 1.726J 4.793.239| 3.582.500| NO | | no follow-up |see detailed comments 
para43 |KNPP26 | BE |901010002 |Adv1/92 | non ERDF use | 511.478| 7.054.191 | 5.284.396| NO | unsatisfactory | Article 24 | 
Social sector 
44. The financing of a general pre-training measure where only a training measure 
leading to qualification was eligible, combined with certification of expenditure based 
on previous supporting documents which was insufficiently substantiated by the 
Member State. 
Commission reply 
The idea of training leading to a qualification is not to be found in the Community 
regulation on the old programming (1989-94), which merely states that training must lead 
to a job. The Commission has decided to regard pre-training measures as eligible if, and 
only if, they are part of a training course leading to a job. Thus, for example, in the case 
of Contrats Formation Individualisée (CFI - Customized Training Contracts), which are 
in three parts (mobilization, pre-qualification, qualification), only the last stage is regarded 
as automatically eligible. The first stage has been automatically excluded and the second 
has on occasion been considered if the applicant has been able to prove that there would 
be follow-up right up to the trainee's being recruited to a job. 
45. Use of PRODEPII funds as finance for PRODEPI operations. 
Commission reply 
This was the first time the problem raised by the Court had been detected by the 
Commission, which therefore decided to block the advances for CSF II. The Member 
State then agreed to open separate accounts for the old fund (1986-89), CSF I (1990-94), 
CSF II (1994-99) and the CIPs. It undertook to channel ESF funds in accordance with 
Community decisions. The Commission has been able to ascertain that the Member State 
has abided by its undertakings. 
46. Declared expenditure in excess of actual expenditure. 
Commission reply 
Greece: the balances from 1990-93 have not yet been closed as the Commission is in the 
process of making the requisite corrections in collaboration with the Member State. 
Italy: the Commission is keeping a close watch on the cases currently before the courts. 
It has joined a civil claim to the public prosecution in several cases. 
47. Social Fund aid used for training students who were neither unemployed nor 
seeking work. 
Commission reply 
The Commission has no information in its possession at present which would indicate 
whether the students on the training courses in question were seeking work or not before 
they started the courses. The Commission would stress that it is extremely difficult for 
it to carry out this type of exercise with its own resources. 
22 
48. Subsidies used for an ineligible re-training measure were recovered by the 
regional authorities, but not repaid to the Commission. 
Commission reply 
It is planned that the overpayment by the Tuscany region to which the Court alludes 
should be deducted from the amount outstanding for 1993. However, it has not yet been 
possible to book the request for the balance due which was submitted to the Commission 
by the region on 14 February 1996, as an annex required for processing the request had 
to be redone. Despite several letters from the Commission, the Tuscany region has not 
yet amended its request for the balance due, and the planned deduction has, therefore, not 
yet been made. The Commission is, however, keeping a close watch on this case. 
49. The financing of ineligible training measures for infant and primary school 
teachers 
Commission reply 
The Commission has studied the problem raised by the Court and has recently initiated 
the procedure provided for in Article 24 of Regulation No 2082/93. 
50. An advance paid on the basis of estimated expenditure instead of actual 
expenditure. 
Commission reply 
Advances for a particular year N are based on the certificates of implementation submitted 
by the Member States in respect of year N-I, except in the case of the first year of the 
planning period, for which the first advances automatically follow the adoption of the 
various forms of financial contribution. 
As some courses last several years and the academic year straddles two calendar years, 
a Member State sometimes has to submit certificates of implementation at the end of the 
year based partly on actual expenditure and party on estimated expenditure. When the 
requests for the balance due are submitted, at the latest by 30 June of the following year, 
the Commission then makes the requisite adjustments so that only actual expenditure is 
booked. 
51. Funds transferred between Operational Programmes to cover costs which 
increased as a result of significant changes in exchange rates. 
Commission reply 
The new rules for the use of exchange-rate gains should prevent resources being 
transferred from one operational programme to another in future. 
23 
ENVIRONMENT 
52. Declared expenditure relating to an advance paid, rather than the final 
beneficiary's actual expenditure. 
Commission reply 
The Commission, in its reply to the 1994 DAS report (p. 83), explained that the advance 
payments should not be considered as a priori ineligible expenditure but was not aware 
of the exact context referred to by the Court. The Commission has no sound basis 
therefore for considering that the expenditure in question is ineligible. This project has 
been included in the Commission's programme on-the-spot controls and the eligibility of 
the declared expenditure will then be verified. 
EAGGF GUIDANCE SECTION 
53. Expenditure declared equivalent to an advance paid, rather than the final 
beneficiary's actual expenditure. 
Commission reply 
In a letter to the Commission dated 3 April 1996, the Region of Puglia confirmed that it 
would in future take care not to pay any more advances to beneficiaries under Operational 
Programmes. In the case in point, however, no recovery needs to be made, since the 
payment of Community funds is an operation by the Member State to make the funds 
available which will be regularized when the balances due for 1992 and 1993 are paid and 
the final statements of expenditure are submitted. 
54. The levying of a commission by the administrative body on subsidies paid to 
beneficiaries. 
Commission reply 
As far as Italy is concerned, the Commission contacted the Fondo di Rotazione and 
MIRAAF by letter of 22 February 1996 to ask for the situation to be rectified and for 
them to notify the Commission of the measures taken for that purpose. No response has 
yet been received. 
As regards Portugal, despite assurances given by IFADAP on several occasions that no 
commission would be levied on beneficiaries after October 1994, it has been confirmed 
that the practice continues indirectly through the presentation of a separate invoice. It is 
no longer linked to the amount of aid paid, however, but to the investment. Thus, in the 
case of CSF II, 0.9% is being charged on measures 2, 3 and 5 and 0.45% on measures 
1 and 4. The ministerial decision to charge these commissions is to be notified to the 
Commission for assessment. 
24 
RESEARCH 
55. An expenditure statement artificially inflated in such a way that the Community 
contribution financed all of the costs. 
Commission reply 
Following a preliminary audit by the Court of Auditors, the Commission (DG XIII and 
UCLAF) carried out a full audit the outcome of which was that the company under 
suspicion was charged with fraud against the Community budget in respect of the 
irregularities it had committed. The Commission consequently took steps to terminate the 
company's participation in the contracts under audit, claim repayment of the sums paid 
to the company under the contracts and suspend all payments in its favour. As fraud was 
involved, the Commission also decided in July 1996 to forward the case papers to the 
competent judicial authorities in the Member State in which the company concerned has 
its head office. 
56. Expenditure submitted for Community support which had already been financed 
by a national research institute. 
Commission reply 
The Commission deducted £8 532 from the final payment made on 24 January 1996. 
57. Declared costs overstated by using exaggeratedly high rates or omitting to deduct 
the amount of an advance already paid. 
Commission reply 
Following the Court of Auditors' comments the Commission wrote to the contractor to 
ask for further information on the points raised by the Court. DYCAT International has 
not yet supplied the information, and the project coordinator has undertaken to serve 
notice on the company to supply the requisite documents by 15 June 1996. If no reply 
is received from DYCAT by that date, the Commission will reduce the amount of the 
final payment. 
AID TO EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 
58. Financing of the ineligible VAT portion of a PHARE project. 
Commission reply 
The amount in question, 125 000 Hungarian forint (approximately ECU 874), was repaid 
by the Hungarian tax authorities on 16 February 1995. 
25 
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE 
59. Payment by the Commission of the purchase price of the "Clovis/Wilson" plot, 
even though it was not payable because the related contract had not been signed in the 
presence of a notary. 
Commission reply 
The error referred to by the Court was noticed and corrected by the relevant Commission 
department at once. An order for recovery was issued and the amount concerned 
recovered. 
No payment can be authorized unless the relevant contract has been validly signed by 
both parties. The error brought to light by the Court was the result of a mistake as to the 
chronological order of the stages in a purchase procedure at the end of the financial year, 
to the advantage of a transfer aggregating appropriations which had not yet been 
implemented. 
OWN RESOURCES 
(Parliament) 
10. Believes that the Commission and the Member States must step up their 
checks on the acceptance and customs status of goods at the Union's external 
frontiers and calls upon the Commission to draw up a report on these 
matters; 
Commission reply 
The Commission shares Parliament's view that checks on the acceptance and customs 
status of goods are a matter of particular interest. They have therefore been included in 
its programme of checks in the Member States and it will step up its work in this area 
still further. 
The results of the checks carried out by the Commission from 1990 to 1993 were the 
subject of a communication to the two arms of the budgetary authority via the three-
yearly report of 4 January 1994 (COM(93) 691) on the operation of the own resources 
checking system. A similar communication on the results of checks into own resources 
from 1993 to 1995 is due to come out by the end of December 1996 or the beginning of 
1997 at the latest. 
Regarding the responsibility borne by the Member States, Community customs regulations 
lay down that goods brought into the customs territory of the Community shall be kept 
under customs surveillance for as long as is required for the competent authorities in the 
Member States to satisfy themselves as their customs status. 
As regards goods moving from one part of the Community's customs territory to another 
by sea, the customs status of which may be a matter of doubt to the national authorities 
concerned, the Commission has embarked on the preparatory work for the adoption of the 
proposal for an amendment to the legislation designed to stiffen the checks on goods as 
indicated by Parliament. The work is well under way. There are still, however, some 
26 
problems as regards goods subject to excise duty which have yet to be resolved; these 
might somewhat delay the adoption of the proposed amendment, which was originally due 
for adoption by the end of 1996. 
(Parliament) 
11. Calls on the Commission to submit an annual report on the forcible recovery 
by Member States of all amounts owed to the Community budget; 
Commission reply 
As a means of following up the action taken by the Member States to recover traditional 
own resources, particularly those affected by fraud and irregularities, as recommended in 
Regulation No 1552/89, a method has been set up involving sample monitoring of cases 
where recovery has proved difficult up to the point of final clearance. "A" samples relate 
to own resources fraud cases involving amounts of more than ECU 500 000, while "B" 
samples relate to notifications within the mutual assistance scheme involving amounts 
greater than ECU 1 000 000. 
As far as "A" sampling in 1994 (A/94) is concerned, there were some 100 cases of this 
type, the sum of which accounted for 70% of the base still to be recovered. When 
questioned about the cases, the national authorities reported on progress with recovery. 
As far as "B" sampling is concerned, six cases were selected for 1994 and 23 for 1995. 
The cases in the sample file are especially important as they are technically complicated 
and sensitive to deal with in practical terms. As it is unusual for such cases to be settled 
quickly, owing to the lengthy administrative and legal procedures involved, they go quite 
a long way back in time. In addition, the new "A" and "B" samples set up each year take 
over samples from previous years in respect of which final clearance has not taken place. 
On 6 September 1995 the Commission sent Parliament a preliminary report on the "A" 
sample for 1994. It will send the report on the "B" sample for the same year very soon. 
As regards enforced recovery procedures carried out at the national level, the Commission 
sent the Member States a questionnaire on the subject in autumn 1994; the replies to this 
are now being processed, to enable the Commission, should the need arise, to draw 
appropriate operational conclusions in both legislative and administrative terms. 
AGRICULTURAL SPENDING 
(Parliament) 
13. Notes that, in spite of measures introduced in the context of the reform of the 
common agricultural policy, farm spending's share of the 1994 budget 
increased by 1.3% compared to the previous year; 
Commission reply 
Agricultural spending fell heavily between 1993 and 1994, dropping from ECU 35 billion 
in 1993 to ECU 33 billion in 1994. Table 1 below shows the changes in expenditure 
between 1993 and 1994; the nomenclature for 1993 expenditure has been aligned on that 
for 1994, for purposes of comparison. 
27 
The cut in market prices for arable crops decided on when the reform of the CAP was 
adopted in 1992 was made in three stages, covering 1994, 1995 and 1996, with a 
corresponding rise in compensatory aid, leading to a programmed rise in expenditure on 
compensatory aid over the period in question. 
The rise in expenditure in the arable crop sector (ECU 2 billion) attributable to the first 
stage of the establishment of direct aid for arable crops and in the pigmeat sector 
(ECU 215 million) following the compensating measures implemented as part of the 
programme of eradication of the epizootic of classical swine fever was largely offset by 
a fall in expenditure in most other sectors. The sectors to which most of the reduction 
can be attributed are: 
milk and dairy products (- ECU 960 million, including ECU 360 million owing 
to the fall in spending on refunds, particularly on butter following a cut in 
quantities, ECU 230 million owing to a fall in spending on promotion and 
marketing, and ECU 220 million owing to the decisions to reduce expenditure on 
compensation for abandonment of production taken in 1987-88 and 1991-92); 
olive oil (- ECU 650 million, owing largely to a catching-up of ECU 300 million 
in production aid payments in Italy in 1993 in respect of years prior to 1992-93 
and to a decision by the Council to reduce the level of consumption aid in 1994, 
which accounted for ECU 170 million, as well as an ECU 140 million cut in 
intervention expenditure, which had been high in 1993 following heavy production 
in 1991-92); 
sheepmeat and goatmeat (- ECU 520 million, owing to the difficult market 
situation in the 1993 season, which entailed payment of higher ewe premiums; 
conditions returned to normal in 1994); 
beef and veal (- ECU 520 million, resulting from the fall in intervention 
expenditure in 1994 with the cessation of buying-in in 1994, following the buying-
in of 425 000 tonnes in 1993 and the running down of publicly held stocks, which 
led to a rise in sales from 525 000 tonnes in 1993 to 730 000 tonnes in 1994 and 
a consequent cut in expenditure of nearly ECU 1.6 billion, partly offset by the 
decision to raise premiums following the reform of the CAP in 1992, entailing 
additional expenditure of nearly ECU 1.1 billion); 
wine (- ECU 330 million, reflecting a fall in production of table wine from 
107 million hectolitres in 1992-93 to 91 million hi in 1993-94). 
The fall in agricultural spending from year to year demonstrates that the reported growth 
in agricultural spending as a proportion of total expenditure does not mean that the former 
is out of control, nor is it a consequence of the setting up of stage two of the reform. 
28 
TABLE N°l: 
CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL SPENDING BETWEEN 1993 AND 1994 
General expenditure from appropriations for 
the financial year 
Bl-10 Arable crops 
Bl-11 Sugar 
Bl-12 Olive oil 
Bl-13 Dried fodder and dry vegetables 
Bl-14 Textile plants 
Bl-15 Fruit and vegetables 
Bl-16 Wine 
Bl-17 Tobacco 
Bl-18 Other sectors 
TITLE I 
Bl-20 Dairy products 
Bl-21 Beef and veal 
Bl-22 Sheepmeat and goatmeat 
Bl-23 Pigmeat 
Bl-24 Eggs and poultry 
Bl-25 Other operations 
Bl-26 Fisheries 
TITLE II 
Bl-30 Non-Annex II 
Bl-31 Accession compensatory amounts 
Bl-32 Monetary compensatory amounts 
Bl-33 Food aid refunds 
Bl-34 Interest repayments 
Bl-35 Free distribution 
Bl-36 Fraud prevention 
Bl-37 Clearance previous period 
Bl-38 Rural development 
Bl-39 Other measures 
TITLE III 
Bl-40 Income support 
Bl-50 Flanking measures 
TOTAL EAGGF GUARANTEE SECTION Î993 
10.611 
2.189 
2.468 
532 
861 
1.664 
1.510 
1.165 
259 
21.258 
5.211 
3.986 
1.800 
201 
291 
135 
32 
11.657 
744 
7 
136 
160 
100 
130 
80 
-385 
445 
1.418 
36 
222 
34.590 1994 
12.652 
2.062 
1.820 
378 
864 
1.557 
1.176 
1.057 
287 
21.853 
4.249 
3.467 
1.280 
416 
240 
117 
35 
9.804 
631 
0 
4 
86 
83 
136 
77 
- 612 
340 
47 
794 
30 
490 
32.970 Difference 
2.042 
- 127 
-649 
- 154 
3 
- 107 
- 333 
- 108 
28 
595 
-962 
- 520 
- 521 
215 
- 51 
- 18 
3 
- 1.853 
- 112 
- 7 
- 132 
- 74 
- 17 
6 
-3 
-227 
- 105 
47 
- 624 
-6 
268 
- 1.620 
29 
(Parliament) 
14. Deplores yet again the large gap between budget estimates and actual spending 
in the agricultural sector; takes the view that these differences cannot be 
explained solely by unexpected factors (weather conditions, diseases, etc); urges 
therefore the Commission to tighten management measures, in particular in the 
chapters showing a repeated overspend, and to work closely with Member 
States for the improvement of forecasts used as a basis for the budget; 
Commission reply 
The Commission notes that the underimplementation of the budget was in large measure 
due to the difficulty of accurately estimating the parameters for gauging progress in 
implementing the 1992 reform, particularly the rate of use of the basic area for arable 
crops and the beef and veal premium quotas in the Member States. In the absence of 
detailed information from the Member States when the budget was drawn up, the first 
year of implementation of the reform being under way at the time, the Commission had 
to proceed on the basis of reasonable assumptions based on figures from the Statistical 
Office relating to the number of farmers joining the new scheme; these figures proved to 
be too high. 
Another major factor in the low take-up was beef and veal. 1994 saw a turn-around in 
the market which few forecasters would have dared predict when the scheme was first set 
up some eight months earlier. The result was that there was practically no intervention 
buying-in and it became possible to run down publicly held stocks from 900 000 tonnes 
to less than 250 000 tonnes by the end of the year, through an active export sales policy. 
With the chapters where there was an over-run, the Commission has not stood idly by but 
has applied Article 6 of the decision on budgetary discipline, taking the appropriate steps 
where these were within its sphere of responsibility (reducing or indeed eliminating 
certain refunds for eggs and poultry), putting proposals for reform of the COM in 
question (cotton) before the Council and setting up a system of strict financial supervision 
for the newly adopted flanking measures. 
The Commission's chief concern is to bring about improvements on the agricultural 
estimates for the EAGGF Guarantee Section, both in its own departments and in the 
national administrations. 
It is, however, very difficult to look to the lessons of the past for a better understanding 
of the future in this area. The experience of past years shows that each year the process 
of drawing up and executing the budget follows a pattern which is all its own. The 
Commission does, however, believe that more effective budgetary implementation could 
be achieved by reviewing the budget adoption procedure so that, by updating the 
economic assumptions on which the preliminary draft budget was based when it was 
drawn up some eight months or more before, the draft budget could be corrected by 
means of an amending letter before the Council's second reading, or the budget could be 
corrected by means of a supplementary and amending budget following adoption by the 
President of Parliament, applying a more flexible amendment procedure. Revising the 
budget in this way should be a normal stage in the budgetary procedure. 
30 
The Commission also believes that if the Community rules are simplified and applied in 
the Member States with a proper regard for the time limits for payment, it will 
substantially reduce the margin for uncertainty. 
(Parliament) 
15. Calls on the Commission, pending the final decision on the amount of the 
penalty to be imposed for malpractices which occurred in the Irish beef 
processing industry, to ensure that the Irish authorities fully implement 
Regulation (EEC) No 2456/93, aimed at guaranteeing the proper functioning 
of the beef market; 
Commission reply 
As part of the process of clearing the accounts for 1992, the Commission has decided, in 
respect of public storage of meat in Ireland, that a financial correction of 10% for 1990 
should remain in force, in view of the seriousness of the shortcomings detected there. 
Having regard to the steps taken by the Irish authorities in 1991 to make controls more 
effective and reliable, the correction was reduced to 5% for 1991. 
It has not been possible to implement Regulation No 2456/93 in full, given the very small 
amount of intervention buying of beef and veal. The Commission will give special 
attention to this matter now that the Council has decided to take intervention measures 
following the recent outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE). 
(Parliament) 
16. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the French authorities fully implement 
in Haute-Corse the regulations on the special aid for hill and mountain areas 
and on the suckler cow premium and calls on the Commission to find a 
satisfactory solution regarding the restitution of unduly paid premiums; states 
that Parliament will pay full attention to this in the clearance of accounts 
procedure; 
Commission reply 
The Commission is keeping a very close watch on the results of the controls carried out 
in Haute-Corse. Regarding the special allowance for hill and mountain areas, proposals 
will be made for recovery of payments from 1998 to 1994. In the case of the premium 
for maintenance of suckler cow herds, a financial correction of 25% of the expenditure 
has been proposed in respect of the financial years 1991 to 1994. 
31 
COMMON ORGANIZATION OF THE MARKET FOR FRUIT AND 
VEGETABLES 
(Parliament) 
20. Calls on the Commission to check on the cases raised by the Court of Auditors 
as part of the clearance of accounts and to take the appropriate financial 
action, if necessary against the Member States concerned; 
Commission reply 
When carrying out the scheduled controls in this sector, the Commission takes all the 
Court of Auditors' comments into account. Provided the facts are not disputed by the 
Member States and the regulations are properly interpreted, the Commission will draw 
and act on all the requisite financial conclusions when clearing successive accounts. 
Should it prove necessary, the Commission will examine in greater detail the matters 
raised by the Court and disputed by the Member States. 
In 1996 investigations concerning nuts took place in Spain (in February and April). With 
regard to tomato processing, two missions were sent to Spain (in June and September) 
and a third to the Netherlands (in August). A control mission to Greece relating to free 
distribution is planned for October, and another to Portugal in December in connection 
with citrus fruit. 
(Parliament) 
21. Calls on the Member States to apply in full the provisions of the future COM 
and calls on the Commission to reduce the monthly advances paid under the 
EAGGF Guarantee to Member States which do not comply with the COM 
rules; 
Commission reply 
The monthly advances paid under the EAGGF Guarantee will be reduced in the event of 
failure to comply with the rules. 
(Parliament) 
22. Calls on the Commission to increase the material resources allocated to 
monitoring the implementation of the COM, to draw up a systematic 
monitoring programme and to consider a broader framework for cooperation 
between Community inspectors and those of the Member States; 
Commission reply 
The controllers' team is at present down to two people, plus one other from the Accounts 
Clearance Unit. This team works with the Member States' inspectors in the sense that 
it avails itself of their services for the purposes of quality controls. 
32 
FISHERIES POLICY 
(Parliament) 
24. Asks the Commission to analyse existing legal provisions to bring Community 
rules into line with real market situations and the specific features of the 
Community tuna sector; 
Commission reply 
The existing legal provisions will be analysed in the course of the on-the-spot control 
missions referred to at 25. In the light of the findings, the Commission will make 
proposals for any regulatory or administrative improvements which may be necessary. 
(Parliament) 
25. Calls upon the Commission, in cooperation with the authorities in the Member 
States, to carry out the checks referred to in the Court of Auditors' report in 
the 1996 financial year and to report to Parliament on the results; 
Commission reply 
Last February the Commission (DG XIV and DG XX) drew up a programme of four 
control missions - two to Spain and one each to Portugal and France - to check the 
compensatory allowances paid to tuna producers. The primary purpose of the checks is 
to find out what the actual situation is in the sector, so that the Commission can make 
proposals for any amendments needed to the existing rules. 
Two control missions have already taken place, to Spain (involving DG XIV and DG XX) 
from 22 to 26 April 1996 and to Portugal (involving DG XIV) from 28 to 30 May 1996; 
a second mission to Spain took place from 17 to 21 June 1996 and the last one will be 
to France in October. The findings will not be known until after the last mission in 
October. 
(Parliament) 
26. Invites the Commission to carry out an analysis of the current customs policy 
on tuna, in order to bring it into line with the sector's real needs, by taking 
equal account of producers' and processors' interests; 
Commission reply 
The whole tuna trade framework was considered in the debate on the Commission's 
report of 28 June 1994 (COM(92) 266 final). Following the debate, the Council adopted 
Regulation No 3318/94 amending the basic regulation governing the COM in fishery 
products (Regulation No 3759/92). The amendment simplifies the awarding system while 
retaining the principles underlying the allowance, and will make it possible to improve 
the management system for the measure. 
There are no plans at this stage for any review of the outcome of the debate. At all 
events, the Commission is keeping a watch on market developments, so that it can take 
any steps which may be required. 
33 
STRUCTURAL FUNDS 
(Parliament) 
28. Considers that the Commission must adopt, with the necessary changes to the 
Regulation, an integrated approach containing the following elements; 
enhancing the role of the monitoring committees so that they genuinely 
monitor compliance with Community provisions and monitor the 
progress and management of the projects; recalls, in this respect, its 
views on this matter expressed already in its resolution on the 1989 
discharge; 
drawing up selection criteria and other procedures so that compliance 
with Community provisions - particularly in the field of the environment 
and public works contracts - and the progress and management of 
projects can be monitored more effectively; 
using Article 24 (possibly in an amended form) of Regulation 2082/93 in 
such a way that failure to comply with the rules will genuinely and 
directly result in a reduction in or suspension or cancellation of the 
assistance; 
Commission reply 
The Commission intends to review the regulations in the context of the preparation of the 
arrangements to follow the end of the current 1994-99 programming period. 
The Commission considers that the existing Monitoring Committee procedures already 
reflect to a large extent an" integrated approach, given that the responsibilities of the 
Committees for ensuring compliance with Community legislation, operating project 
selection and reporting overall progress form integral elements of each programme 
implemented under the partnership. 
Under the present Regulations, compliance with Community legislation by Monitoring 
Committees is ensured by: 
specific questions (notably on environmental and public procurement requirements) 
on the application forms completed by potential beneficiaries of Community aid; 
checks made by the Monitoring Committee body responsible for project selection 
as part of the appraisal of individual projects; 
queries made by the Commission representative in Monitoring Committee meetings. 
In addition, on-the-spot checks are made by the Commission services, together with 
checks on the basis of statements made in the annual progress reports. 
As far as selection criteria and associated monitoring procedures are concerned, the 
current generation of programming documents includes project selection criteria which 
were either present when the programmes were approved by the Commission, or (as 
34 
agreed with the Member States concerned) were to be added after approval, or were 
completed at the first meeting of the Monitoring Committee concerned. 
The operation of these selection criteria is monitored by regular progress reports made to 
each Committee by the body delegated to effect the actual selection of projects. This 
procedure is designed to ensure not only that the projects selected are compatible with the 
overall objectives of the programme and that they respect Community legislation, but also 
serves to identify projects where progress is unsatisfactory and remedial action is required. 
On the application of Article 24 of Regulation No 4253/88 [not 2082/93 as stated by 
Parliament], current practice generally allows projects affected by irregularity to be 
withdrawn from Community financing and replaced with other suitable projects so long 
as the programme in question is still running. Identified ineligible expenditure is normally 
deducted from subsequent Member State declarations of expenditure. There has therefore 
been, to date, little formal application of Article 24. However, with the closing of the 
1989-93 programmes Article 24 may need to be applied in a number of cases. The 
Commission intends to ensure the full and proper application of this article in particular 
where there have been infringements of Community law, for example in the areas of 
environment or public tendering. 
(Parliament) 
29. Believes that internal procedures operated by the Commission which either 
formally or in practice may weaken Community provisions or management 
should be reviewed; 
Commission reply 
For each Community Support Framework (CSF), Single Programming Document (SPD) 
and Operational Programme (OP), a Commission department is appointed lead department 
and is responsible for the overall coordination of its implementation. 
Allied to this, the Commission's Structural Fund departments have established at the level 
of the CSF or SPD a consistent system of permanent participants in Monitoring 
Committees (the four Structural Fund departments) and a sectoral participation (other 
Commission departments when the specific nature of the programme justifies this and as 
determined by a preparatory interdepartmental meeting). This approach ensures 
coordinated participation by the Commission in Monitoring Committees and, to date, has 
worked well. 
In addition, the first two stages of SEM 2000, focusing on the Commission itself, 
concentrate on streamlining procedures and on the strengthening of financial units. This 
is now under way and is being complemented by stage three, which aims to create a 
better and closer partnership with the Member States on budgetary and financial matters. 
35 
(Parliament) 
30.Takes the view that existing lacunae in the rules, such as those with regard to interest 
revenue and the powers and obligations of intermediary bodies, must be remedied; 
Commission reply 
Concerning financing channelled via the Member States' civil service departments under the 
Structural Fund arrangements, the Community ceases to be the owner of the funds once they are 
transferred to the Member States. Nevertheless, the Commission is concerned to check that 
Article 21(5) of coordinating Regulation No 4253/88, as amended, is complied with: this lays 
down a three-month time limit, in most cases, for the transfer of such funds to the final 
beneficiaries. In any case the question of the bank interest generated on Community advances 
is being looked into as part of Stage III of the SEM 2000 exercise. 
The Commission also considers that clear guidelines are provided by Article 6(1) of Regulation 
No 4254/88, which defines the role and operating procedures of intermediary bodies. It would 
stress that it is up to the Member States, with the agreement of the Commission of course, to 
designate the intermediary bodies. It is therefore these which are, in the first instance, and 
particularly as regards their subsidiary financial accountability in relation to the management of 
Community assistance, answerable for the proper implementation of these guidelines, which are 
in fact set out in the guide to global grants produced by the Commission. 
(Parliament) 
31.Considers that global subsidies should not be used to provide loans; 
Commission reply 
In the Commission's view, Article 6 of Regulation (EEC) No 4254/88 as amended in no way 
excludes the possibility of assistance in the form of financial engineering and, as appropriate, 
loans, in so far as it is the "agreement [which] ... shall detail ... the types of measure to be 
carried out". 
Article 1(c) of the same regulation expressly provides for ERDF assistance in the form of action 
to support local development initiatives, which are the priority field for global grants. Such 
measures, as defined by this article, do indeed include "improvement of access for enterprises to 
the capital market, particularly by the provision of guarantees and equity participation". 
The eligibility criteria for such expenditure are under consideration as part of Stage III of the 
SEM 2000 exercise. 
36 
(Parliament) 
33. Asks the Commission to honour its undertaking to forward to Parliament 
regular reports on the utilisation of the Structural Funds by Fund, Objective 
and Community Support Framework, showing in all cases the relative 
performance of each Member State; 
Commission reply 
This is done in the Commission's annual reports on the Structural Funds. 
(Parliament) 
34. Calls on the Commission, and on the Member States in particular, to improve 
the rate at which projects and programmes are submitted so as to avoid a 
build-up of commitments in the last few months of each financial year, which 
leads to serious risk that decisions will be taken in undue haste and hence that 
errors will arise; 
Commission reply 
Article 19(3) of Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88 requires the Member States to submit 
payment requests in accordance with a "balanced schedule" throughout the year. The 
Commission exercises no direct control over the rhythm at which the Member States 
forward such requests: these usually reflect national administrative practices and financial 
years. 
The problem of the concentration of financial operations at the end of the financial year 
is being addressed in the framework of "SEM 2000 Stage III". However, it should be 
mentioned that the concentration of financial operations late in the year does not, of itself, 
suggest an increased error propensity; the programmes in question will often have been 
under careful examination for a period of months. 
It should also be noted that the situation improved in 1995, despite the late adoption of 
certain Community Initiative programmes and the modification of the financial plans of 
a number of existing programmes in the latter part of the year. 
(Parliament) 
35. Urges the Commission to implement the Interreg initiative much more strictly 
and points out that the aim of this initiative is to promote cross-border 
cooperation and not merely the economic development of the areas in question, 
which could be achieved by other operations under the Community Support 
Frameworks; 
Commission reply 
During the negotiations on the Interreg II operational programmes before they were 
approved by the Commission, the Commission made special efforts to ensure that the 
measures and provisions for cross-border cooperation were satisfactory. There are also 
plans for a flanking measure to support the proper implementation of this Community 
37 
initiative, involving technical assistance and the promotion of cross-border cooperation 
as a whole. 
EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND 
(Parliament) 
38. Calls on the Commission to take action to prevent the frequent delays before 
ESF funds are disbursed to final recipients, these delays being due to the fact 
that intermediate bodies wish to accumulate disproportionately high interest 
income; 
Commission reply 
The Commission does, as a matter of course, take steps, when carrying out on-the-spot 
inspections, to ensure that Member States abide by the three-month time limit between 
receiving appropriations and passing on advances and payments to final beneficiaries in 
accordance with to Article 21(5) of Regulation No 2082/93. 
The Commission is aware that the time limit is not always respected and believes there 
are two main reasons for this. The first is that many programmes adopt the method 
involving a call for projects, which means that the three-month time limit runs only from 
the time when a project meeting all the advance requirements is selected. The second is 
that in some Member States there are national rules governing the attaching of 
appropriations to the national budget which require appropriations to be carried over at 
the end of the financial year. Thus Community appropriations reaching the Member State 
after October are usually carried over and obviously cannot be made available to the final 
beneficiary within the required 90 days. 
This state of affairs is an instance of Community regulations and national rules being 
incompatible, but the Commission undertakes to make further efforts to ensure that 
Community law is respected. 
(Parliament) 
39. Calls once again on the Commission to continue to monitor the application of 
the additionally principle and, to this end, to exert its influence on the Member 
States to ensure that all information necessary to ensure transparency is made 
available; 
Commission reply 
The Commission is continuing to monitor the implementation of the additionality 
principle as part of the current budgetary estimates exercise, the object of which is to 
ascertain much more reliably and accurately what the Member States propose to spend 
as the national contribution to cofinanced ESF schemes. This indirectly enables the 
Commission to check that national contributions are being made, and how much they are, 
and thereby to guarantee that ESF cofinancing is additional. 
38 
Internal policies 
(Parliament) 
40. Points out that the implementation of the commitment appropriations for the 
budget policies included in heading 3 of the Financial Perspective has not posed 
major problems, with the exception of the budget line on combating fraud in 
the sector of research (B6-840), which UCLAF is formally requested to utilize 
in forthcoming financial years; 
Commission reply 
In 1994 ECU 50 000 were allocated to heading B6-840 and entered in the reserve at 
BO-40. The appropriations were transferred to the heading at the end of November 1994 
by decision of the budgetary authority. As the appropriations for fraud prevention were 
therefore made available to the heading late in the year, it was not possible to use them 
in 1994. 
In 1995 commitment appropriations of ECU 50 000 were allocated to the heading. Take-
up during the year was 84% (appropriations committed: ECU 42 000). For 1996 the 
heading has again been allocated ECU 50 000 in commitment appropriations. The 
Commission will take the requisite steps to ensure that all the appropriations are 
committed. 
(Parliament) 
49. Calls on the Commission to act on the remarks made by the Court of Auditors 
relating to the sectors of environment and research and in particular the 
remarks contained in paragraphs 6.12 to 6.17 and 9.10 to 9.15 of the annual 
report; 
Commission reply 
(a) Environment 
The Commission would emphasize that a major review and improvement of the selection 
procedures for LIFE projects has been carried out as part of the implementation of 
LIFE II. 
An informative booklet is widely circulated each year, containing full details of both the 
selection procedure and the criteria applied. All projects are also considered by a 
Management Committee consisting of representatives of the Member States. The 
Committee adopts an opinion before the Commission goes through its decision-making 
procedure. 
The facilities introduced by the new regulation will make for more effective technical and 
financial follow-up of current projects under LIFE II. 
An auditing unit, which has been fully operational since the beginning of the 1996 
financial year, is now responsible for ex post project assessment. A preliminary 
assessment of LIFE I was submitted to the Council and Parliament in November 1995 
39 
when the regulation was amended. As soon as the LIFE I projects are wound up (at the 
end of 1998), a final assessment will be carried out and the results circulated to the 
institutions, the Member States and interested parties. 
(b) Research 
9.11 The rotation and abstention principles applying to assessors on selection boards are 
fully secured in the programme on Training and Mobility for Researchers (TAR) 
(4th framework programme), the successor to the Human Capital and Mobility 
(HAM) programme. 
9.12 The assessment boards for research projects put forward under TAR programmes 
consist of independent, high-level scientific experts. The boards are coordinated by 
the Commission. The results of the assessments of proposals for networks, large-
scale facilities and flanking measures are submitted to the Programme Committee 
for an opinion. On fellowships the Committee is not consulted, merely informed. 
The information is sent after the Commission has taken a decision, resulting in an 
appreciable saving in time over the procedure followed for the previous programme 
(HAM). 
9.13 Since the TAR programme came into operation, the time taken to go through the 
written procedures relating to assessments has ranged from a month and a half to 
two months and three weeks. The Commission is still working on cutting down 
these times. 
9.14 The informative dossier describing the network activities in the TAR programme 
gives very precise details of the limits on Community financing and states exactly 
what information must be given in proposals. Where projects are selected for 
financing, the effect of this information is to simplify and shorten considerably the 
contract negotiation stage, which under the previous programme frequently delayed 
the start of research work. Thus, the 84 contracts which came out of the first 
selection process for large-scale facilities were negotiated within six weeks. 
The contract negotiations for Euroconferences have been greatly simplified 
and the time taken is some ten days. 
These problems do not arise with fellowships; in most cases, no contracts 
have to be negotiated. 
9.15 Institutional fellowships no longer form part of the programme on Training and 
Mobility for Researchers. The two-stage selection procedure peculiar to that 
particular activity is no longer applied in the TAR programme. 
40 
(Parliament) 
50. Calls on the Commission to submit a legal basis for subsidies to consumer 
organizations and to conduct its own examination as to whether the subsidies 
to be granted provide value for money; 
Commission reply 
DG XXIV is finalizing a proposal for a legal basis which will be submitted by the 
Commission at the beginning of 1997. In its proposal the Commission will set out the 
priority themes on which the Union and the organizations concerned will be able to 
develop joint measures over the next few years. Given the limited resources available and 
the extremely wide range of needs which have been expressed, all possible ways of 
establishing synergy for the development of major projects must be sought out and as 
many organizations as possible, from different geographical areas, must be involved in 
jointly developed projects of this kind. This should appreciably enhance the effectiveness 
of Community action on behalf of consumers. 
In its proposal the Commission also expects to set out the precise criteria and practical 
arrangements for the granting of financial support by the European Union. 
Without prejudice to any decisions taken by the legislative authority, the Commission has 
been keen to prepare the ground for 1997 and in OJ C 213 (23 July 1996, p. 18) it 
published a call for the presentation of projects for the promotion and protection of 
consumer interests. The notice sets out a number of priority themes (including 
information, education, access to the information society, sustainable consumption, 
transparency in the service sector and better access to justice), the project selection criteria 
and the conditions for obtaining financial assistance. 
Special attention will be paid to the assessment of projects submitted, particularly 
regards performance and cost-effectiveness indicators. as 
(Parliament) 
51. Calls on the Commission's Public Health Directorate in DG V and the 
Directorate-General for Consumer Policy to produce annual overviews similar 
to those produced by the Directorate-General for the Environment, Nuclear 
Safety and Civil Protection; 
Commission reply 
Once the current departmental reorganization has been completed, DG XXIV should have 
the resources, as provided for in the SEM 2000 programme, with which to monitor 
operations under way as effectively as possible with a view to gauging how effective they 
are. Assessment indicators are being introduced into all operations carried out or 
supported by the Commission. As a first stage, a report on the implementation of 
measures in 1996 will be submitted at the end of 1997. Once detailed assessment has been 
carried out and the indicators have been monitored in operations carried through in 1997, 
a detailed report will be produced at the end of the next financial year. 
41 
(Parliament) 
52. Calls on the Commission to ensure a fuller rate of utilization of payment 
appropriations in policy areas such as transport safety (Article B2-702) and 
combined transport (Article B2-706), to which Parliament has always attached 
high priority; 
Commission reply 
The reason for the low rate of utilization of payment appropriations under 
Articles B2-702 (transport safety) and B2-706 (combined transport) is that a substantial 
proportion of the commitment appropriations were implemented in the last quarter of 
1994. 
Because of this delay in making commitments, it was not possible to use the 
corresponding payment appropriations; the advances on certain contracts concluded 
towards the end of 1994 were not paid in good time before the end of the financial year. 
The situation was corrected in 1995, with close to 100% utilization of payment 
appropriations under all headings in Chapter B2-270 (Transport). 
LENDING AND BORROWING 
(Parliament) 
54. Reiterates its demand that the Court of Auditors have full audit access to the 
operations of the European Investment Fund in order that it can report to the 
budget authority on matters relating to the Community budget; calls however 
on the Commission, the EIB and the Court of Auditors to negotiate an 
agreement with the European Parliament on the treatment of the information 
thus obtained to ensure that the interests of EIF investors and borrowers are 
protected; 
Commission reply 
Further discussions are taking place between the Court of Auditors and the EIF with a 
view to securing as satisfactory an agreement as possible on the arrangements for auditing 
the EIF, particularly the processing of information, so as to guarantee that the interests 
of the EIF's creditors and debtors are safeguarded. The Commission is taking steps to 
bring about a results which satisfies all the institutions concerned. 
(Parliament) 
55. Notes that the Guarantee Fund is insufficiently resourced to meet the potential 
level of demand made upon it and that the mechanism by which it is funded 
in practice places an excessively low limit on the amount of external lending the 
Community is able to undertake; supports therefore the following measures: 
an increase in the budgetary resources available to finance the 
Guarantee Fund and the revision of the Financial Perspective necessary 
to achieve this, 
42 
the establishment of the target level for the Guarantee Fund on the basis 
of an ongoing risk analysis of loans outstanding at any given time, 
together with an appropriately flexible funding system, 
the reduction of the amount of the guarantee granted to the EIB for 
loans in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the 
Mediterranean basin from 100% to 75%; 
Commission reply 
At the end of 1995, the resources available to finance the Guarantee Fund came to 
ECU 300 million. Payments expected to fall due in the course of 1996 come to 
ECU 1081 million, so that the Fund covers nearly 30% of payments falling due. The 
resources available to the Fund should be sufficient for it to respond if the guarantee is 
called on. 
The Fund was deliberately set up to prevent any potential defaults from upsetting the 
implementation of the budget. Its purpose was also to enable borrowing and lending to 
develop in a framework consistent with budgetary discipline, which necessarily involves 
imposing limits on such activity. 
The machinery also comprises provisions which in a simple but automatic way determine 
the target amount in relation to the amounts of guarantees covered by the Fund and still 
outstanding. 
The rate of cover of the guarantee given to the EIB is currently being examined by the 
Bank and the Commission. Any reduction in the rate would release considerable 
additional lending and loan guarantee capacity, even without any increase in the budgetary 
resources allocated to the Guarantee Fund. 
(Parliament) 
56. Regrets the fact that the Court of Auditors continues to comment adversely on 
the management of the finance provided for earthquake reconstruction work 
in Italy since 1980; asks the Commission to review its decision to re-allocate 
unused funds intended for earthquake reconstruction to another project 
completed ten years previously, and arrange with the Italian authorities for the 
reallocation of the sum to an eligible ongoing project; 
Commission reply 
The decision to reallocate to another project part of the loans already granted to the 12-
year programme of reconstruction was taken when the transfer decision was taken. This 
procedure was expressly provided for in the protocol of agreement countersigned by the 
Commission, the EIB and the Italian Government; it was used only on an exceptional 
basis, to complete the programme. The protocol was signed for a 12-year term (expiring 
at the end of 1993) in line with the guidelines laid down in the Italian Framework Act 
on the reconstruction of disaster areas. There are currently therefore no further eligible 
projects under way. 
43 
FIGHT AGAINST FRAUD 
(Parliament) 
57. Regrets the low utilisation of appropriations of some key headings in the fight 
against fraud such as B1-360 and B2-5190 (in the agricultural sector) B6-480 
(research) etc; asks the Commission to ensure full utilisation of all anti-fraud 
headings, and to consider, where appropriate in cooperation with Member 
States, necessary measures to increase the utilisation capacity of the latter; 
Commission reply 
The Commission also regrets the excessively low utilization by the Member States of the 
fraud prevention appropriations (heading B1-360) made available to them under 
Regulation (EEC) No 307/91 for the purpose of strengthening their control facilities. 
This underconsumption has occurred despite constant and ongoing prompting of the 
national governments concerned by the Commission. The report which the Commission 
submitted to the Council on 12 October 1995 (COM(95) 467) sets out the reasons for the 
low take-up and ways of rectifying the situation. 
On the question of heading B2-519, the Commission notes that it was created by 
Parliament when the 1994 PDB was in preparation, without any consultation with 
Commission departments and without regard to the identical possibilities for funding 
offered by other headings. Even so, 60% of the appropriations used and 18 of the 
19 operations financed can be ascribed to the agricultural control departments. 
In a broader sense, the Commission would draw Parliament's attention to the fact that 
although the making available of financial resources for fraud prevention is a necessary 
operation, it is not a sufficient one, just as the rate of take-up of appropriations can only 
be a partial indicator of the effectiveness of the measures undertaken. 
Applying the lessons of its experience in this area, the Commission has proposed a new 
regulation, which is currently under discussion in the Council, on the carrying out of 
Member States' action programmes in the field of EAGGF Guarantee expenditure control. 
The reason for the low rate of implementation of the headings containing appropriations 
for fraud prevention in the field of the Structural Funds, the amounts for which were 
initially entered in the reserve under BO-40 (this also applies to headings B6-840, 
Research - see point 40 - and B7-530, relating to the cooperation sector), is the late 
availability of the operational appropriations. 
From 1996, operational appropriations in the area of the structural policies (and other 
internal policies) have been brought together under a single heading (new heading 
B2-150). Appropriations relating to agriculture are also to be found under a new heading 
(B5-910), which also covers traditional own resources. A firm expenditure plan for these 
two plans in 1996 (and other years) will be drawn up, in accordance with the policies of 
strengthening operational presence in the field and technical assistance or logistical back­
up (including training for national officials) which the Commission is pursuing in relation 
to the Member States' specialist fund control and management departments. 
44 
COOPERATION WITH THE MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES. THE 
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND OTHER THIRD COUNTRIES 
(Parliament) 
59. Urges the Commission to remove the unnecessary constraints and conditions on 
the use of the funds granted to support structural adjustment in the countries 
of the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean, inter alia by considering the 
possibility of abandoning import programmes, provided the foreign trade of the 
beneficiary countries is sufficiently liberalized and the currencies are freely 
convertible and transferable, and replacing such programmes with 
straightforward balance-of-payments support; 
Commission reply 
The Commission endorses Parliament's remarks as to the desirability of converting the 
adjustment support instruments into direct balance-of-payments assistance instead of aid 
for import programmes (on condition that foreign trade is sufficiently liberalized and 
currencies are freely convertible and transferable). 
These comments reflect the thinking in Commission departments as validated by Council 
Resolution No 7566/95 of 1 June 1996. The Commission has in fact applied this 
approach in the context of a new programme of adjustment in Tunisia and Jordan. 
(Parliament) 
60. Calls on the Commission to ensure that its supervision and control procedures 
are improved and better targeted, and to increase the staff resources allocated 
to the structural adjustment support programmes by means of internal 
redeployment, making additional staff available who have the necessary skills 
and experience to perform the budgetary and financial analyses required for 
each beneficiary country and ensure that the budgetary strategies of those 
countries are compatible with the economic reform programmes; 
Commission reply 
The reallocation of certain responsibilities to the Resources Directorate in line with 
SEM 2000 allows a rationalisation of responsibilities within the operational directorates. 
In particular, the release of technical units (including the newly created economic 
cooperation units which formerly covered a part of their task) from carrying out the 
financial and administrative work of contract award and negotiation, will allow those units 
to take the lead role for projects within their respective responsibilities throughout the 
project cycle (in effect, the "task management" approach advocated in the recent internal 
audit). This, in turn, will allow geographical units to discharge more effectively their 
policy and coordination role in respect of our partner countries. A new post for an 
economist has been created in the Mashreq unit and another for the Maghreb. It has also 
been decided to involve DG II in these matters, and to step up coordination with the IMF 
and the World Bank. 
45 
Regarding 1996, the budgetary authority, at the Commission's request, has decided to 
allocate a maximum of 3% of the appropriations available for the Mediterranean countries 
to the preparation, follow-up and evaluation of the projects and programmes financed by 
the Community in the countries concerned. 
COMMON FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICY (CFSP) 
(Parliament) 
64. Calls on the Commission to submit a report by 1 September 1996 on all the 
financial and associated institutional aspects of the CFSP, including, in the 
interests of complete transparency, the role and significance of the contributions 
made by the Member States towards its funding; 
Commission reply 
The financial aspects of the implementation of CFSP measures are as follows. 
Introduction: the legal basis 
When the Council adopts a common position or measure with financial implications in 
the context of the CFSP, it may, in accordance with the second paragraph of 
Article J. 11 (2) of the Treaty, decide that all of part of the expenditure is to be charged 
either to the Member States or to the budget of the European Communities. 
When the Council adopts the first of these approaches, it decides on an amount and 
proposes a scale for determining the national contributions. 
In the second case, the usual budgetary procedure applies and the Commission is 
responsible for the budgetary implementation of the measure. 
Financing charged to the Member States 
The national contributions decided on by the Council in the framework of CFSP measures 
related to the channelling of humanitarian aid to Bosnia. 
On 20 December 1993, the Council, to carry this objective through, decided 
(93/729/CFSP) on a sum of ECU 48.3 million, charged partly to the budget of the 
European Communities (see Annex 2) and, in respect of ECU 24.15 million, to the 
Member States, applying a method of dividing the sum up which was to be decided later. 
On 7 March 1994 the Council extended the decision to 30 September 1994. National 
financing of ECU 17 million was mobilized to assist the administration of Mostar, 
applying a GNP-based scale, by Council Decision No 94/308/CFSP of 16 May 1994. A 
further decision (No 94/51/CFSP of 27 July 1994) was taken on the remaining 
ECU 7.15 million. Both decisions were extended (see Annex 1). 
Funding charged to the budget of the European Communities 
Since the Maastricht Treaty came into force, 11 operations have been financed in this way 
from the appropriations held in reserve in the budget of the European Communities, 
46 
accounting for ECU 163.360 million in commitments (ECU 126 150 for Mostar and 
ECU 37.210 for other purposes - see Annex 2, Summary table of budgetary 
implementation).2 The annual budget has been progressively adjusted for this purpose. 
1993 and 1994: establishment of budgetary headings for the CFSP 
- For 1993: in anticipation of the adoption of the Treaty on European Union, the 
budgetary authority inserted a special chapter, B7-01, for the Common Foreign and 
Security Policy. A token entry was made against Article B7-010 (operational costs of the 
CFSP). 
At the end of the budgetary procedure, an allocation of ECU 14.150 million was 
committed to Article B7-010,3 of which ECU 10 million was assigned to Mostar and 
ECU 4.15 million to sending humanitarian aid to Bosnia (by airlift). The cost of carrying 
the latter operation through was less than originally expected and nearly 
ECU 0.75 million was decommitted. 
- For 1994: ECU 20 million in commitment appropriations and ECU 10 million in 
payment appropriations were entered against Article B7-010 by way of SAB No 2 and 
committed for the administration of Mostar (CFSP joint action 94/790 of 12 December 
1994). The draft budget was amended at Parliament's first reading in order to add to the 
Commission's operational reserves (Chapter BO-40) an allocation of ECU 1 million to 
create a possibility of transfer to CFSP operational reserves. 
Since that time the making available of these appropriations has been subject to decision 
by the budgetary authority on each joint action. In the case of non-compulsory 
expenditure, Parliament has the final say on whether or not to approve such transfers 
within a time limit of six weeks. 
Implementation of the 1995'budget 
A new subsection for the CFSP, B-8, was created in the 1995 budget. Certain articles 
were put into it for the purpose of implementing measures previously identified: Joint 
action of the European Union in Mostar (B8-100), Joint action of the European Union for 
a stability pact (B8-101), Joint action of the European Union for the 1995 conference on 
the Non-Proliferation Treaty (B9-102), Other joint actions of the European Union for the 
CFSP (B8-103).4 
Not just the appropriations for B8-100 (ECU 50 million in commitment appropriations 
and ECU 35 million in payment appropriations) were entered in the reserve (B8-040), but 
also those for B8-103 (ECU 48.5 million in CAs and ECU 38.5 million in PAs). 
With the exception of Council Decision No 93/604/CFSP of 9 November 1993 
concerning the joint action concerning the dispatch of a team of observers for the 
parliamentary elections in the Russian Federation, regarded as "administrative 
expenditure" incurred by the Council within the meaning of Article J. 11(2). 
By transfer 25/93. 
See Council Decisions 93/728/CFSP of 20 September 1993,94/367/CFSP of 14 June 
1994 and 94/509/CFSP of 25 July 1994 respectively. 
47 
Budgetary implementation in CAs under heading B8-100, concerning Mostar, came to 
ECU 60 million (10 million entered against the heading and 50 million from the reserve). 
In PAs, ECU 63.25 million were implemented out of ECU 65 million authorized (five 
against the heading, 35 from the reserve and 25 from a SAB). Implementation of heading 
B8-103 came to ECU 24.660 million in CAs and ECU 12.326 million in PAs of the 
ECU 23.660 million authorized. 
Implementation of the 1996 budget 
The Commission proposal in its preliminary draft was for ECU 92 million in CA 
(32 million against heading B8-010, Mostar, and 60 million in reserve for 
heading B8-013, Other joint actions for the CFSP), and ECU 91.250 million in PA 
(36.250 million against heading B8-010, 10 million against heading B8-013 plus 
45 million in reserve for heading B8-013). The budgetary authority decided to reduce the 
amount planned for the other CFSP operations by half, leaving ECU 30 million against 
reserve heading BO-40. 
After nine months of budgetary implementation, all the appropriations against heading 
B8-010 had been mobilized and nearly 50% of the appropriations had been placed in 
reserve for heading B8-013. 
PDB and DB for 1997 
In its preliminary draft budget for 1997 the Commission proposed increasing the CFSP 
reserve allocation to ECU 50 million. Following the expiry of the EU mandate to 
administer Mostar, there is no provision for any commitment appropriation for 1997. 
Conclusion: Proposed improvements 
The length of the time limit" attached to the budget transfer procedure may obstruct the 
implementation of CFSP actions, particularly those taken in response to an emergency 
situation and/or intended to cover a limited period. It would be useful to set up an 
accelerated procedure for CFSP actions requiring rapid implementation. 
In addition, as a flanking measure alongside any resulting reduction in the above time 
limit, and so that the ground may be prepared as effectively as possible for the budgetary 
implementation of CFSP actions, it would be desirable for the Commission to be given 
a margin for financial manoeuvre similar to the heading in the Council budget for special 
envoys. 
PHARE PROGRAMME 
(Parliament) 
66. Asks the Commission to provide: 
explicit job definitions and responsibilities for all elements in the Phare 
management structure (especially delegations), 
48 
full and technically qualified staffing for delegations, to be achieved 
through the creation of a "diplomatic service", ensuring genuine staff 
mobility, in the Commission, 
clear regulations on the conditions and competences for local staff in 
delegations, 
financial autonomy (local budgets and spending limits) and project 
approval by delegates, with due regard to the location of the delegation, the 
seniority and experience of the delegate, etc., 
clear and explicit delineation of administrative responsibilities of statutory 
staff, temporary staff and outside consultants, 
rationalisation of PMUs on the basis of an analysis of genuine management 
need; 
Commission reply 
At the beginning of 1996 the Commission provided the budgetary authority with a 
memorandum on the division of responsibilities and chains of command between headquarters 
and the Delegations (Countries of Central and Eastern Europe - Newly Independent States) in 
the context of the Phare and Tacis programmes. 
The purpose of the memorandum was to act on Parliament's resolutions in connection with the 
granting of the discharge for 1994 and the draft budget for 1996. The object was to help to 
constitute the basis for the agreement sought by the European Parliament, and the memorandum 
set out to consider the following: 
• the state of the network of delegations in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe 
(CCEE) and the Newly Independent States (NIS), and the shortcomings of the network; 
• a reshaping of the network of delegations in line with the new framework for pre-
accession relations with the CCEE and partnership with the NIS; 
• a reallocation of responsibilities between headquarters, the delegations and other bodies, 
and 
• strengthening arrangements for the application of the new system of division of 
responsibilities between the CCEE-NIS delegations and headquarters. 
The Commission has meanwhile prepared a new guide to procedures concerning the 
implementation of Phare, which will provide the basis for a further déconcentration. In that 
framework, the Commission's delegations should be in a position to assume more 
responsibilities as a result of the reinforcement of their staff, as mentioned in the budgetary 
comments of budget line B7-500. 
49 
Thus the new procedural framework has taken account of the exhaustive survey carried 
out into the position of the programme management units (PMUs). The new guide 
therefore makes provision for rationalization and greater transparency as regards the costs 
of programme management. 
(Parliament) 
67. Calls on the Commission to produce, by 30 September 1996, a strategy paper 
defining the role of the Phare Programme in the preparation of the countries 
of Central and Eastern Europe for accession to the EU; 
Commission reply 
Following the Essen and Cannes European Councils, new planning and monitoring 
instruments for the Phare programme have been developed for the 1995-99 period. 
Acting on the timetable adopted by the Madrid European Council at the end of 1995, the 
Commission sent the CCEE concerned a very comprehensive questionnaire to be used as 
a basis for a Commission opinion on the applications for membership. 
The Commission will carry out its analysis of Phare in the light of the pre-accession 
strategy with due regard for, among other things, these new instruments and the replies 
to questionnaire sent out to the CCEE. 
(Parliament) 
68. Calls for a more pro-active approach to project definition and approval by the 
Commission, including the stipulation of conditions designed to ensure concrete 
results, dissemination of technical know-how and medium term sustainability 
of effect for Phare projects in all sectors; 
Commission reply 
The identification and definition of Phare-financed programmes and projects generally 
takes place at the planning stage. This is done through negotiations at which the 
Commission acts as a driving force to bring about agreement with the partner countries. 
When they were submitted to the Phare Management Committee, the programmes and 
projects identified were analysed in order to guarantee: 
• the conditions in which they would be implemented (particularly through application 
of the logical framework method, which ensures a constant link between activities 
and the objectives in view), and 
sustainability in the medium term. 
Regarding programme monitoring, the Commission has just (mid-1996) introduced a more 
pro-active approach involving systematic consideration of each programme. The 
consideration involves checking up, in partnership with the beneficiary, on how 
programmes and projects are advancing towards their objectives and, where necessary, 
50 
taking corrective action. This more intense form of follow-up should improve Phare 
performances. 
TACIS PROGRAMME 
(Parliament) 
69. Asks the Commission to specify unambiguously which tasks involved in the 
management of Tacis: 
should be the exclusive responsibility of public authorities and only 
carried out by public officials, 
can be carried out by non-officials employed by the Commission and 
overseen by officials, 
can be contracted out under supervision; 
asks the Commission furthermore to state what staff resources are required for 
each category of work; 
Commission reply 
The following Tacis tasks must be carried out by Commission officials and other in-house 
staff. 
Responsibility for the selection of sectors and projects during the preparation of Indicative 
Programmes (selection of focal sectors and areas) and preparation of Action Programmes 
(selection of projects) lies with officials. 
Sectoral strategies are prepared by officials (80%) with the assistance of external experts 
(20%) for technical aspects. 
Preparation of terms of reference (ToRs): the technical specifications are prepared by 
external experts (50%) and the ToRs are finalized by officials (50%). 
Tendering and contracting: officials are responsible for the short lists, the evaluation of 
the bids and negotiation of the contracts (30%); external experts are responsible for all 
administrative tasks relating to the tendering and contracting procedure (70%). 
The supervision of project implementation is entrusted to officials (80%) with the 
assistance of external experts. 
Monitoring and Evaluation are carried out by external experts (80%) under the 
supervision of officials (20%., 
Payments are made by Commission officials assisted by other intra-muros staff. 
Tacis services are understaffed and in this respect the reinforcement of the Commission 
representation in the Newly Independent States (NIS) should be the priority. 
51 
(Parliament) 
70. Calls on the Commission to open permanent delegations with clear-cut 
competences in all countries benefiting from Tacis assistance, and to ensure that 
they are fully staffed with appropriately qualified officials; to this end believes 
that the relevant directorate-general of the Commission should recruit officials 
on the basis of compulsory mobility; asks the Commission to report to 
Parliament on the action it intends to take to meet these requirements by 31 
July 1996; 
Commission reply 
The Commission fully agrees with the stated need to open new delegations in those New 
Independent States benefiting from Tacis, when there is currently no Commission 
Delegation. Budgetary constraints render this impossible in the coming year. It should 
however be possible to strengthen existing delegations to allow them to give greater 
attention to relations with one or two neighbouring countries. As regards the recruitment 
of officials on the basis of obligatory mobility, this is made a condition of recruitment 
with the external services DGs, but necessarily in accordance with the statute of officials. 
(Parliament) 
71. Asks the Commission to pay more attention to the medium-term sustainability 
of projects when approving them, in particular by making greater demands on 
beneficiaries in terms of performance, follow-up and the dissemination of 
results and by linking projects to other forms of support and assistance such 
as EIB/EBRD loans, finance from local credit institutions, equity participations, 
etc.; 
Commission reply 
The Commission has already addressed this issue of project sustainability. A better 
choice of the adequate beneficiary in the recipient country should already help the 
targeted results for every project. Cooperation with EBRD allows some projects to be 
financed when the technical assistance come to an end and when the beneficiaries start 
making the subsequent investments. In the framework of cooperation with EBRD, the 
Bangkok Facility enables Commission funds to be used to assess and prepare investments 
in viable projects by EBRD. Other Tacis programmes like the ISTC (International 
Science and Technology Centre), increasingly seek the co-funding of EU industrial or 
governmental partners to ensure project sustainability. 
52 
(Parliament) 
72. Asks the Commission to produce a global strategic evaluation of the 
achievements of Tacis so far in political, social and economic (sectoral and 
macro-economic) terms and to propose strategic targets for the next five years 
of Tacis; asks that this evaluation be available to the European Parliament 
before it adopts its opinion on the new Tacis Regulation; 
Commission reply 
The Commission is currently preparing to launch a thorough and exhaustive evaluation 
of the Tacis program and of its performance to date. Given that visits to all CIS 
countries are needed as part of the study, and given that the selection of a reputable 
consortium to conduct an independent evaluation takes time, the report will only be 
available by mid-1997. Tacis is cooperating with the overall evaluation of EU 
Development Instruments and Programmes, and the methodology of the Tacis Evaluation 
has been harmonized with that of the overall exercise. 
There are already thorough and extensive results from the Tacis monitoring programme. 
These were prepared in an overall review in November 1995, and are available for 
consideration by Parliament should it so wish. 
The programme of evaluation of Tacis activities, in addition to the overall evaluation of 
Tacis, is gathering pace. The first country evaluation has now been completed (for 
Belarus) and it is now intended that this programme, both by country and by programme, 
should be developed. 
(Parliament) 
73. Expresses its concern as to the threat posed by fraud, especially that committed 
by organised crime, to the Tacis Programme; stresses the importance of 
checking the credentials of applicants for Tacis contracts and of monitoring the 
use to which money is put in the course of the contract; asks moreover that the 
Commission take a firm line in dealing with allegations of fraud involving its 
own officials; 
Commission reply 
The selection of all projects supported by Tacis is made by DG 1A departments in 
Brussels on the basis of proposals put forward by the NIS authorities. Furthermore, the 
tender and contracting process is centralized in Brussels. DG 1A departments are 
responsible for the drawing up of short lists, the preparation of tender dossiers, the 
evaluation of bids and the awarding of contracts. Concerning the payment of contractors, 
it must be stressed that all invoices are checked and payments are made by Tacis 
headquarters. 
The Commission in fact shares Parliament's concern at the threat of fraud to the financing 
of the Tacis programme, and has taken on itself to carry out several investigations in that 
area. 
53 
The Commission would also confirm that it intends to give careful consideration to all 
cases in which the finger of suspicion points at its officials or other servants and will, 
where necessary, take the appropriate steps available to it to penalize improper or 
fraudulent behaviour. 
The financial situation of the companies is taken into consideration when Tacis 
departments select the contractors. 
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE 
(Parliament) 
74. Asks the Commission to report to Parliament in time for the first reading of 
the 1997 budget on the whole series of measures taken to ensure proper 
financial and administrative management of the Commission's a) external 
delegations and b) assets (excluding research); 
Commission reply 
(a) Management of external delegations 
Rules governing working conditions of locally recruited staff 
At the beginning of August 1996 there were 100 delegations with their own local rules. 
The only ones missing from the list were certain delegations in Central Europe or the 
former Soviet Union (Albania, the Czech Republic, Georgia etc.) and those where there 
were special problems as regards either operations (Algeria) or legal status (China, 
Canada, Japan etc.). Similarly, the local rules for certain Offices where a very small 
number of officials work (such as Belize and Tonga) are yet to be finalized. 
Special arrangements for administrative and technical staff in certain delegations 
The Commission is still giving consideration to the question of introducing special 
provisions covering local administrative and technical staff of Community origin, in 
accordance with the guidelines set out by the Court of Auditors. In so doing it will take 
account of the comment made by the Council on 11 March 1996 when the discharge was 
granted, calling for a rationalization of personnel management. 
Determination of step on initial classification in grade and reclassification of local 
staff 
The procedure for checking classification as implemented following the Court's comments 
(see point 13.16 of the Commission's reply) is now operational. The object of it is to 
oblige local administrators to be more painstaking when giving consideration to the 
awarding of steps. 
Ongoing inventories of furniture and fittings 
• All the delegations have now sent their inventories in to headquarters in 
computerized form. The figures are being checked before being incorporated into 
the balance sheet. 
54 
There is now software which enables items worth less than the statutory threshold 
of ECU 350 to be identified. 
Regular reminders of the writing-off procedures are issued and checks for 
compliance are made on the spot when inspection teams visit the delegations. 
The Commission would confirm, however, that it cannot act on the Court's remark 
concerning the whereabouts of items in the delegations. To avoid the need to keep 
updating the inventories, the lists sent to headquarters show what is held in each 
delegation as a whole, not in each room or premises. 
Service vehicles 
• The new rules on the use of service vehicles and private cars on Commission 
business entered into force on 15 July 1996. 
• Tougher checks are being made on overtime worked by drivers. Staff are being 
encouraged to use alternative methods of transport, such as airport shuttle services. 
Management of annual leave 
• Action taken to reduce the number of leave days carried over from year to year has 
produced encouraging results: 
carryovers from 1993 to 1994: 240 officials involved 
carryovers from 1994 to 1995: 275 
carryovers from 1995 to 1996: 204 
The rising curve has now been stopped. Thanks to this step, plus a more binding 
timetable for forward planning and more thorough analysis of the reasons given for 
carrying leave days over, the Commission now has greater administrative resources with 
which to take a firmer grip of leave management. 
• There have, on the other hand, been delays in setting up the computerized leave 
monitoring programme. The system is being reorganized. 
Housing 
Most of the agreements with officials occupying housing leased or owned by the 
Commission have now been signed. The remaining cases are to do with local 
peculiarities. 
Irregularities 
The Commission has reported directly on the action taken on this matter to the rapporteur 
of Parliament's Committee on Budgetary Control. 
55 
(b) Assets management (excluding research^ 
At the beginning of 1995 the Commission embarked on a programme to overhaul the 
management of its assets completely, involving drawing up a full inventory of its assets 
and laying down new rules and management procedures which should make for more 
effective asset management in future. 
1. The inventory of assets was completed in June 1996 and covered all the 
Commission's movable assets at headquarters offices in Brussels and Luxembourg. 
The exercise covered 68 buildings in Brussels and 13 in Luxembourg, where 314 238 and 
81 482 items respectively were inventoried. A new identification technique involving the 
use of barcodes and optical readers was introduced for the first time, to create a 
computerized inventory which will be faster and more efficient to use in the future. 
The rate of statistical error recorded during this exercise was lower than 1°/°°, which is 
regarded as acceptable. 
The SYSBIEN inventory database is now being updated using the results of the 
inventorying exercise. Reconciliation of the data should be completed by 31 November 
1996. 
In addition to the reconciliation, a series of more restricted inspections involving 
particular sectors and sites will be carried out, at, for example: 
• the Transport Service; 
• the Offices in the Union; 
• the Commission's offices in Strasbourg. 
Some 100 000 dossiers are to be processed by 31 December 1996; the inventory situation 
will then be such that the control authority can be given true and reliable data regarding 
the Commission's asset holdings. 
2. Managing the inventory is the second stage of the operation. 
To ensure that the data from the inventorying exercise remain reliable, the Commission 
decided: 
• to adopt a new Regulation on inventories for its own purposes; 
to amend the principles and procedures for managing the inventory. 
The new Regulation on inventories was adopted by the Commission on 21 December 
1995. The procedures for applying this regulation are being worked out, and should make 
it possible for the inventorying of assets to be decentralized from 1 January 1997. 
A system of regular inventories will be set up to check that the data held in inventories 
are reliable, in accordance with the stipulation in the Financial Regulation and elsewhere 
that inventories should be conducted every three years. 
56 
In practice the burden of keeping inventories will be shared by carrying out one or more 
each month. 
(Parliament). 
76. Requests the Interinstitutional Committee on Data-processing to carry out a 
comparative study on Union Institutions' information available on EU data 
bases with a view to eliminating areas where there is overlap and/or duplication 
of effort. 
Commission reply 
Parliament's request for a comparative study of Union data bases has been put before the 
Interinstitutional Committee on Data-Processing. The study is now at the stage of 
compiling information about the Union data bases concerned. 
57 
ACTION TO BE TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO 
THE COMMENTS IN PARLIAMENT'S RESOLUTION 
ACCOMPANYING THE DECISION GIVING 
DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE ECSC 
58 
2. RESOLUTION ON THE REPORT OF THE COURT OF AUDITORS ON 
THE ACCOUNTS OF THE EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY 
AT 31 DECEMBER 1994 AND ON THE REPORT OF THE COURT OF 
AUDITORS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE ACCOUNTS AND THE 
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF THE ECSC 
POLICY FOCUS 
(Parliament) 
1. Believes that ECSC activities will continue to make a positive contribution to 
the interests of the coal and steel sectors in the period leading up to the expiry 
of the ECSC Treaty; asks the Commission, however, in view of the diminishing 
resources available to finance those activities, to focus on those forms of 
intervention not available under the EC Treaty, in particular social measures 
and redeployment aid, and to transfer other activities to the EC forthwith; 
Commission reply 
The 1995, 1996 and draft 1997 budgets have made full provision for expenditure on 
readaptation aid. Moreover, the Commission is proposing in the draft 1997 budget to 
increase the total funding of the supplementary programme in the coal sector for the 
period 1994 to 1997 from an initial estimate of ECU 110 million to ECU 132 million to 
take account of the higher than expected level of demand for the measures concerned. 
This should ensure that all aid requests are fully met and demonstrates the Commission's 
commitment to the social measures in the ECSC treaty. 
The only social measures for which ECSC aid is no longer available are training and self-
employment. These measures continue to be eligible for European Social Fund assistance. 
For financial activities by the ECSC in borrowing and lending form, the Commission, 
since the Treaty is due to expire, adopted ad hoc adjustment measures in the 
communication published in Official Journal C 175 (28 June 1994, p. 5). 
The application of these measures had its effect on the volume of ECSC loans paid out 
in 1995, which fell to ECU 402.8 million in all (compared with ECU 673.4 million in 
ECSC loans paid out in 1994). In 1995, 64.6% of ECSC loans were for reduced-rate 
financing of conversion measures entailing new job creation; the ECSC will cease to be 
involved in such activity after 1997. 
THE 1994 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
3. Notes that the amount of the ECSC s outstanding lending accounted for by 
large exposures to single debtors has risen above the levels envisaged for credit 
institutions by Council Directive 92/121/EEC; believes that, though this 
Directive does not apply to the ECSC and the situation is not yet critical, it is 
indicative of a potential risk to the financial security of the ECSC, especially 
where large loans are not covered by first-class guarantees; asks the 
Commission therefore to monitor closely its large exposures as far as possible, 
making the necessary specific provisions, and to review the target ratios of 
reserves to outstanding lending in the light of the situation; 
59 
Commission reply 
The Commission is responsive to the recommendations put forward by Parliament on the 
basis of the Court of Auditors' comments. 
To be able to evaluate the approach to be adopted to dealing with large exposures more 
effectively, the Commission felt it needed a certain amount of additional information. 
The final results of a study carried out by an international consultancy were delivered to 
the Commission in April 1996 and have already been taken into account in the drafting 
of the ECSC financial statements relating to management in 1995. 
On the basis of the recommendations in the study, the Commission has decided to deal 
with the question of the concentration of risk on certain loans by setting up a provision 
to cover large exposures, applying to loans which are not covered by first-class guarantees 
and on which the outstanding debt exceeds 25% of the ECSC s own resources. The 
provision, which has been calculated on the basis of the debt outstanding on these 
particular large exposures at 31 December 1995 and applying the method recommended 
by the international consultancy, stands at ECU 55 million. 
The new provision has been entirely funded from the profit and loss account for the 
financial year ending on 31 December 1995. The ECSC s solvency ratio is not affected 
by the setting up of the new provision. 
(Parliament) 
5. Calls attention again to the lack of transparency in the way that buildings are 
acquired by the ECSC and subsequently transferred to the EC in return for 
"rental" payments; believes that this arrangement, which in effect subsidises 
the ECSC at the expense of the EC general budget, should be more explicitly 
presented in the accounts of both communities, especially the EC; 
Commission reply 
The various buildings still owned by the ECSC were in their time made available for use 
by the European Community by agreement in return for payment of rental, in 
consideration of the funds invested by the ECSC. 
As allowed under these agreements, the general budget of the EC fully refunded the 
remaining capital due to the ECSC in 1994 and 1995, with a view to the legal transfer 
of the ECSCs buildings to the EC. 
At 31 December 1995 only the legal transfer of the building in Haren had been 
completed. 
As far as the other buildings are concerned, the advances from the European Community, 
amounting to ECU 7 288 355 in all, are shown as liabilities in the ECSC balance sheet 
at 31 December 1995, pending completion of the legal formalities for transfer. 
SOCIAL AND REDEPLOYMENT MEASURES 
(Parliament) 
60 
7. Welcomes the Court of Auditors' finding that ECSC redeployment aid is well-
administered by the Commission and the Member States, but asks the 
Commission to make greater efforts to ensure that Member States' 
administrations are fully aware of ECSC workers' entitlements from the 
operating budget and the means of obtaining them; 
Commission reply 
Commission services arrange an annual meeting in Brussels, to which representatives of 
the national administrations are invited, to discuss all relevant aspects of the readaptation 
aid scheme and missions to the Member States are carried out regularly. National 
administrations are therefore well aware of the scheme. Readaptation aid has moreover 
been available for many years and is extremely well known by the social partners in the 
coal and steel industries. Parliament can be assured that, even if national administrations 
were somehow unaware of the scheme, they would quickly be informed of it by the social 
partners when job losses occur in the industries and the need for ECSC assistance arises. 
LENDING ACTIVITIES 
(Parliament) 
8. Acknowledges that there cannot and should not always be an even distribution 
of ECSC lending between Member States in any given year; asks the 
Commission however to ensure that all Member States have equal access to 
funding and that no perception of unfairness can arise; 
Commission reply 
The eligibility of projects for financing is defined on the basis of objective technical rules 
applicable to all me Member States. 
The Commission will continue to do its best to ensure that, as far as possible and in 
compliance with these objective rules, all Member States have equal access to ECSC 
lending. 
UK PIT CLOSURES 
(Parliament) 
11. Accepts that the ECSC will not be able to recover by legal means the interest 
rate subsidies paid to finance production-enhancing investment in two British 
coal mines which were closed shortly afterwards; considers it highly 
unsatisfactory however that a Member State whose explicit policies directly 
cause the wastage of ECSC funds should be under no obligation to make good 
this wastage; asks the Commission to put this point to the UK Government. 
Commission reply 
Parliament's comment relates to the last three loans given to the British Coal Corporation 
by the ECSC between 1989 and 1991. 
61 
The Commission would remind Parliament that the three loans were intended to finance 
investment in 15 different coal mines, of which only two (Lea Hall and Frickley) were 
closed. Of a total of ECU 12 177 078 in interest rate subsidies decided on for projects 
to be carried out at the 15 sites covered by the ECSC loans, the subsidies actually paid 
to the British Coal Corporation on the three loans came to only ECU 7 454 428. 
The Commission therefore decided not to pay ECU 4 722 650 of the subsidies originally 
approved. The sum withheld takes account of all suspensions of activity associated with 
the privatization process and includes the portion of the subsidies corresponding to 
planned investment in the two mines which were then closed. The British Coal 
Corporation, as a State-owned company, was officially informed of the move. 
Having regard to this result and to contractual commitments to the British Coal 
Corporation, the Commission believes it has taken the proper steps to protect the general 
interest of the ECSC. The Commission does not therefore think it advisable to raise the 
matter with the UK Government at a later time. 
62 
ACTION TO BE TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO 
THE COMMENTS IN PARLIAMENT'S RESOLUTION 
ACCOMPANYING THE DECISION GIVING 
DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE 
EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING AND 
WORKING CONDITIONS 
FOR THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 
63 
3. DECISION GIVING DISCHARGE TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE BOARD OF 
THE EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING 
AND WORKING CONDITIONS (DUBLIN) IN RESPECT OF THE 
IMPLEMENTATION OF ITS BUDGET FOR THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 
(Parliament) 
2. Recommends again the appointment of a part-time financial controller for the 
Centre, working under the Commission's financial controller, as a means of 
reducing the excessive recourse to imprest accounts; suggests that this reform 
be introduced across the board as part of a general review of the financial 
regulations applying to all the external agencies of the European Union; 
Foundation reply 
In principle, the Foundation supports the proposals of Parliament. However, its 
implementation may prove difficult because the work involved would probably, on 
average, not exceed a few hours per week. 
An alternative approach to this problem would be for the Foundation's Administrative 
Board to nominate the Financial Controller. This procedure would require action by the 
Commission to provide an amendment to Article 19 of the Foundation's financial 
regulation (Council Regulation (EEC) no. 1417/76 of 1 June 1976 as amended by Council 
Regulation (EEC) No 1949/93 of 30 June 1993. 
A further alternative would be to amend Article 43 of the Foundation's financial 
regulation in order to make explicit provision for usage of the imprest account at a level 
commensurate with optimal efficiency and in the context of regular visits by the Financial 
Controller. In practice the imprest account is used for expenditure covered by provisional 
commitments and, in accordance with the implementing rules relating to Article 54, these 
commitments are strictly for current expenditure. 
However, modern audit accounting techniques enable such bodies to be effectively 
controlled. More particularly, the forthcoming introduction of a new computerized 
accounting system common to all the decentralized agencies or bodies, linked directly to 
Financial Control in the Commission, will enable prior control of commitments and 
payments to be carried out in real time, without having to send out DG XX staff. These 
measures will cut the cost of dispatching dossiers to the absolute minimum and will mean 
that the use of the imprest account can be gradually reduced. 
(Parliament) 
3. Calls on the Management Board of the Foundation to respect the terms of the 
its financial regulation in respect of transfers of appropriations; 
Foundation reply 
The problem relating to transfers is caused by an anomaly in the Foundation's financial 
regulations where, under Article 15, provision is made for the Foundation's budget to be 
subdivided into titles, chapters, articles and items, whereas Article 21, paragraph 1 
64 
indicates that the budget shall only be classified by chapters and articles and that transfers 
may be effected from one chapter to another. 
Prior to 1994 this anomaly caused no problems as the budget was classified only by 
chapters. From 1994, in response to a recommendation of the Court of Auditors, the 
budget was reclassified so that what were previously "chapters" became "titles". 
It is understood that there is no fundamental reason why transfers between titles of the 
Foundation budget should not be permitted, and indeed it is in the interest of sound 
financial management, that such transfers are necessary. The Commission is giving 
consideration to taking appropriate action to amend the Foundation's financial regulation 
to provide the necessary consistency. 
(Parliament) 
4. Asks the Foundation to review its policy on holding large cash balances, and 
in future to draw down its subsidy from the Commission in a manner more 
closely related to its actual need to carry out expenditure; 
Foundation reply 
In line with past recommendations of the Court of Auditors, the Foundation has, in recent 
years, requested payments of its subsidy to cover commitments rather that cash needs for 
the financial year. This has resulted in cash balances arising at the year end which were 
surplus to operational requirements. The procedure will now be revised to ensure that 
subsidy requests are on the basis of actual cash requirements. 
(Parliament) 
5. Continues to consider it essential to avoid overlap between the activities of the 
Foundation and those of the Commission and other Community bodies with 
closely related mandates; notes the Commission's willingness to report to the 
European Parliament on the integration and organisation of Union activities in 
the fields concerned, and to present proposals, as appropriate, aimed at 
ensuring greater complementarity and cost-effectiveness; again asks it 
therefore to do so; 
Foundation reply 
The report referred to is in course of preparation; 
It should be noted that the Foundation's work programmes are established by the 
Administrative Board in agreement with the Commission. During the preparation of these 
programmes the services of the Commission examine the proposals to ensure the 
complementarity of work and to avoid duplication. 
(Parliament) 
6. Looks forward to the definitive resolution of the long-standing difficulties 
relating to the ownership of the land occupied by the Foundation; asks the 
65 
Foundation to inform the European Parliament as soon as the legal formalities 
for the acquisition of the leasehold of the land have been completed; 
Foundation reply 
Parliament will be informed as soon as the legal formalities relating to the lease are 
completed. 
66 
ACTION TO BE TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO 
THE COMMENTS IN PARLIAMENT'S RESOLUTION 
ACCOMPANYING THE DECISION GIVING 
DISCHARGE IN RESPECT OF THE 
EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF 
VOCATIONAL TRAINING 
(CEDEFOP) 
67 
4. RESOLUTION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT INFORMING THE 
MANAGEMENT BOARD OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR THE 
DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING (CEDEFOP) OF THE 
REASONS WHY THE DISCHARGE CANNOT AT PRESENT BE GIVEN IN 
RESPECT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ITS BUDGET FOR THE 1994 
FINANCIAL YEAR 
(Parliament) 
A. whereas CEDEFOP represents an instrument of Community policy, and its 
activities must contribute to the wider pursuit of that policy, 
B. whereas CEDEFOP has relocated from Berlin to Thessaloniki without any 
resolution as yet of the staffing problems arising from this move, 
Commission reply 
Under the existing regulations, a framework agreement on social measures relating to the 
relocation of CEDEFOP to Thessaloniki was reached between CEDEFOP management 
and staff. This agreement made the transfer socially acceptable and was approved by 
CEDEFOP's Management Board on 27 January 1995. A system of voluntary early 
retirement for 17 people at the Centre (aged over 55 and with ten years' service, or aged 
over 50 and with 15 years' service) is not part of the framework agreement, but there 
were great hopes that it would be introduced. Any such proposal must be looked at in 
the light of the decision by the Council of the European Union on 17 November 1995 to 
confine voluntary redundancies to Parliament. 
Since 1 March 1995 CEDEFOP staff have been subject to the Staff Regulations of 
Officials and Conditions of Employment of other servants of the European Communities. 
The CEDEFOP Management Board has granted staff (apart from management and new 
staff) the status of Community officials, established following a competition based on 
qualifications followed by the regulation probation period. Staff at the Centre have 
become officials. 
(Parliament) 
1. Notes that CEDEFOP's current staffing situation seriously compromises the 
efficient accomplishment of its work; notes furthermore that no satisfactory 
resolution of this problem is yet in sight; 
Commission reply 
The CEDEFOP Management Board has instructed the Director of the Centre to take steps 
to have staff with valid reasons for not being able to move to Thessaloniki with the 
Centre detached or seconded to national, international and Community bodies and 
departments. Officials who cannot leave Berlin may thus stay on for a period of at least 
six months, corresponding to one month for each year or part of a year served with the 
Centre. They are paid by CEDEFOP. 
68 
The Centre and the Commission have done all they could for CEDEFOP staff to help 
them find legal and practical solutions to their concerns. The institutions have even 
anticipated the amendment to the Staff Regulations allowing mobility under 
Article 29(1 )(c). 
(Parliament) 
3. Reserves its discharge decision until such time as the European Parliament can 
be satisfied that the management strategies, working conditions and activities 
of CEDEFOP are such as to ensure: 
(a) value for money for the budgetary expenditure used to support 
CEDEFOP, 
(b) efficient use of human and other resources, 
(c) products of quality which respond to the needs of CEDEFOP's clients, 
(d) a clear and coherent role within the policies of the European 
Community on vocational training. 
Commission reply 
Following the thorough audit of the accounts by the Court in 1993, the report on 1994 
is shorter and more positive. Since the Centre was transferred to Thessaloniki (the new 
management made moving a priority), the CEDEFOP has resumed its work in Greece. 
The 1995 annual report discusses production and performance. 
Results have in fact been positive and in certain cases (e.g. the translations of the Review) 
the delays have been made up. The study visit programme (a task of the Centre under 
the Leonardo programme) has run smoothly, with more than 540 people taking part. 
Aside from the social measures (which had to be taken because of the transfer and were 
paid for from the Centre's budget), decisions have been taken at each meeting of the 
Management Board since March 1996 to make the Centre more cost-effective; there has 
already been an improvement, despite the tight staffing in Thessaloniki. 
These decisions on revitalizing the Centre, setting medium-term priorities and raising the 
standard of services should soon start showing results. CEDEFOP's tasks and the part 
it plays are not changing: it provides technical and scientific back-up in relation to the 
development of vocational training in the European Union. Vocational training, on the 
other hand, is playing an increasing role, as background developments show: the Treaty 
of Maastricht, the Leonardo da Vinci programme, changes in industry, the White Papers 
on growth, competitiveness and employment and on the learning society, and the wide 
range of decisions taken by European Councils since Essen. 
CEDEFOP is therefore developing so that it can deal effectively with the challenges it is 
having to face. 
69 
II. ACTION TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS ACCOMPANYING THE COUNCIL 
RECOMMENDATION ON THE DISCHARGE TO BE GIVEN IN RESPECT 
OF THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 
70 
CHAPTER 1 
OWN RESOURCES 
(THE COUNCIL) 
1. BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 
In the area, in particular, of the provision to the Community budget of the 
established entitlements, the Council would encourage the Commission to pursue its 
efforts at coordination with the national administrations. It shares the Court's view 
of the need to step up the use of monitoring programmes and risk analysis systems 
in accordance with the Commission's guidelines. 
Commission reply 
The guidelines worked out by the Commission in the form of a guide to risk analysis in 
customs controls were approved by the Member States' representatives meeting in the 
Customs Policy Committee on 9 and 10 February. Recently, in cooperation with the 
Member States, procedures were set up to amend the guidelines in certain areas of 
customs control identified as being particularly sensitive. The Commission also uses risk 
analysis techniques when selecting the subjects to be checked in the annual own resources 
control programme. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
2. MUTUAL ASSISTANCE IN COMBATING CUSTOMS FRAUD 
In this area and in particular with regard to the monitoring of recoveries, the 
adjustment of customs legislation and Commission supervision of national recovery 
instruments, the Council anticipates a stepping up of collaboration between the 
national administrations and the Commission thanks in particular to the 
implementation of the amended Regulation No 1552/89; regarding the financial 
impact of the legislation, the Council agrees with the Court and the Commission, 
and would like the latter to propose revision of the legislative texts. 
Commission reply 
The monitoring of the Member States' action to recover traditional own resources, 
particularly those affected by fraud and irregularities, as advocated by Regulation 
No 1552/89, has been carried out by setting up a method of sample monitoring of 
difficult recovery cases up to final clearance. "A" samples relate to notifications of fraud 
involving more than ECU 500 000 in own resources, while "B" samples relate to 
notifications under the mutual assistance system involving sums of more than 
ECU 1 000 000. 
The "A" sample for 1994 (A/94) included about 100 cases of this type, the aggregate 
amount accounting for 70% of the base still to be recovered. The national government 
departments were questioned about the cases concerned and reported on progress with 
recovery. 
71 
The Commission gave a presentation of this method of monitoring in its first report on 
the A/94 sample sent to the Council and Parliament on 6 September 1995.5 
The object of Stage III of the sound and efficient financial management project 
(SEM 2000) is to create optimum conditions for close cooperation between the Member 
States and the Commission in supervising national recovery instruments, in both 
qualitative and quantitative terms. In this context the Council, on 8 July 1996, adopted 
RegulationNo 1355/96(OJL 175,13.7.1996)amendingRegulationNo 1552/89. Among 
other things, the new regulation provides for the Commission to be given more 
information about fraud cases and irregularities, and it entered into force on 14 July 1996. 
As the Commission has stated in its reply to the Court's comments, it is, together with 
the Member States, looking into whether the Member States actually apply the prescribed 
penalties for failure by economic interests to apply the customs rules, and if necessary it 
will put forward legislative proposals. In addition, as part of the work on Stage III of 
SEM 2000, the Commission, together with the Member States, is currently examining 
ways of giving greater force to the Member States' financial accountability by laying 
down a number of financial penalties for failure to apply the relevant financial rules. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
3. COMMUNITY TRANSIT ARRANGEMENTS 
The Council notes that the European Parliament, referring to the provisions of the 
TEU, has just set up a temporary Committee of Inquiry into Community transit 
arrangements. It also notes the Court's remarks on the application of the transit 
arrangements in the Member States; it considers that these remarks reflect the 
urgent need to strengthen the system and welcomes the Commission communication; 
it also takes note of the replies from the Commission and the Member States on the 
procedures initiated in the cases referred to by the Court in its report; it invites the 
Commission to take account of these remarks and of the outcome of the proceedings 
of the ad hoc Working Party, in drawing up future legislative proposals. 
Commission reply 
The Commission communication on combating fraud in relation to the transit 
arrangements, which was adopted on 21 February 1996 and was officially transmitted to 
the Council on 8 May 1996, lists a number of steps which the Commission regards as 
essential if fraud is to be combated more effectively and more of the sums owing to the 
Community and nationally are to be recovered. Some of the measures set out became 
applicable at the beginning of April 1996. Others have been proposed, but adopting them 
creates certain difficulties for the Member States. For instance: 
The draft provision setting the global guarantee at 100% of the duties and levies 
concerned did not win the assent of the Customs Code Committee, Transit Section. 
Nevertheless, on 15 July 1996 the Commission presented a proposal on this measure 
to the Council in accordance with the third paragraph of Article 249 of the Customs 
Code. 
COM(95) 398. 
72 
In the same way, the proposals for adoption, under the common transit 
arrangements, of measures similar to those adopted at the Community level in 
respect of guarantees did not receive the assent of the EC-EFTA working party. 
Proposals for appropriate measures, designed to mesh the two transit arrangements 
together in a coherent whole, will be put before the Joint Committee at the meeting 
scheduled for the beginning of December 1996. 
The other measures proposed in the communication are currently being considered by the 
Transit Task Force which has been set up within the Commission and whose assignment 
is to conduct an overall analysis of the transit rules. As soon as the interim report by the 
Task Force has been adopted by the Commission, it will be sent to the other institutions 
for consultation; they may put forward any comments and suggestions with a view to the 
drafting of the final report, which will contain the Commission's proposals for measures 
to overhaul the transit system and will be adopted in February 1997. 
As for the Court's comments on the external transit system, the Commission is taking 
appropriate financial and regulatory action on them. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
4. VAT ON COMMUNITY TRADE 
The Council supports the viewpoint of the Court and the Commission and, like the 
Court, invites the Commission to monitor carefully the development of VAT revenue 
in order to detect any problems linked with the transition from the current to the 
final arrangements. 
Commission reply 
The Commission has taken steps to improve the transmission by the Member States of 
information on VAT and excise revenue and thus enable it to follow the development of 
revenue in the Member States more effectively. At the meeting of Deputy Directors-
General for indirect taxation which took place on 12 December 1995, the Commission 
urged the Member States to set up an automatic mechanism for the transmission of such 
information. The Commission proposes to hold bilateral discussions with the Member 
States for this purpose and to give detailed consideration to the information available. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
5. GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT 
The Council takes note of the conclusions of the Court and invites the Commission 
to continue its statistical work with a view to ensuring the exhaustiveness and 
comparability of national GNPs, given the increasing relative importance of this 
resource in the financing of the Community budget. In addition, it stresses the need 
to improve the GNP own resources forecasting system and the application of that 
system by the Commission. 
73 
Commission reply 
Report COM(96) 124 on the effective degree of harmonization of national GNPs was 
adopted by the Commission on Wednesday, 27 March 1996 and sent to the Council and 
Parliament on 28 March 1996. The report shows that progress has been made on many 
fronts. The most important gaps in estimates of Member States' GNPs have already been 
filled or should be filled shortly. The estimates of Member States' GNPs are therefore 
more complete, reliable and comparable than they were before. 
Given the problems remaining, however, there is still a great deal of progress to be made. 
The main problem is the exhaustiveness of GNP estimates. The others relate to: 
a series of across-the-board problems, i.e. points which need to be checked or 
improved by all the Member States: for instance, the transition from GDP to GNP, 
the processing of housing services and the handling of financial institutions; 
• a series of problems specific to particular countries: for instance, certain problems 
connected with compliance with the rules of the European System of Accounts 
(ESA) and the application of the rules on territoriality. 
Much of this work should, if all goes well, be completed by October 1997; whatever 
happens, the whole of it, including the work on exhaustiveness, should be finished by 
October 1998. 
CHAPTER 2 
EUROPEAN AGRICULTURAL GUIDANCE AND GUARANTEE FUND, 
GUARANTEE SECTION (EAGGF GUARANTEE SECTION) 
The common market organization (CMO) in fruit and vegetables. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Council entirely shares the view that the operation of the management and 
control system and of the PO system should both be strengthened, in order to enable 
them to carry out effectively their task of managing the market in this sector. 
It stresses the importance it attaches to the control and reduction of structural 
surpluses in the main producer Member States, and hopes that the new Regulation 
will be implemented as soon as possible. 
It asks the Commission to assess the intervention arrangements of the CMO, once 
the reform has been fully implemented, and calls for products withdrawn from the 
market to be put to better use. 
The Council considers that the application of Regulation No 729/70 on the EAGGF 
Guarantee Section, as last amended by Regulation No 1287/95, should, where 
appropriate, make possible the recovery of overpayments. 
74 
Commission reply 
In carrying out the planned checks in the area of the COM in fruit and vegetables, 
Commission departments will take care to check that the management and control system, 
including that relating to professional organizations, is working. 
Once the investigations are complete, an evaluation of the COM intervention 
arrangements will be carried out. This will also be an opportunity to clear the accounts, 
when payments made for failure to apply the rules correctly will be recovered. 
In the COM in fruit and vegetables approved by the Council in July 1996 there is 
provision for setting up a body of inspectors especially for that particular COM. 
CHAPTER 3 
COMMON POLICY ON FISHERIES AND THE SEA 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Council considers that the Commission must continue its action to improve the 
administration of this aid, in particular by stepping up its checks in the Member 
States, after which it will report back in the context of the follow-up action in 
response to the Recommendation. In addition, it should examine in partnership with 
the Member States concerned the adjustments which need to be made to the 
legislation, particularly those relating to the checks to be carried out in tuna-
processing canning factories situated in a Member State other than that in which the 
compensatory allowance was paid to the producers. 
Commission reply 
As stated during the discussions, "the Commission does ... share the Court's wish, firstly, 
to make checks on the Community origin of the tuna more efficient, for which purpose 
a new verification document will be drawn up following a recently adopted amendment, 
and, secondly, to examine with the Member States concerned the necessary improvements 
to the application of this legislation and to its monitoring." 
The new document referred to above was introduced by Commission Regulation 
No 482/96 of 19 March 1996 (OJ L 70, 20.3.96). The Commission also scheduled a 
series of on-the-spot inspection missions to the Member States directly concerned by the 
compensatory allowance payments (Spain in April and June 1996, Portugal in May 1996 
and France in October 1996). These were to be the occasion for an analysis of the legal 
arrangements in force. In the light of the findings from these inspections, the 
Commission will make proposals for any regulatory and administrative improvements 
which may be necessary. 
As regards the inspections to be carried out in tuna-processing canneries situated in a 
Member State other than that in which the compensatory allowance was paid, the subject 
will be discussed during the on-the-spot missions. They have been planned in such a way 
as to cover the major sites for unloading and use (in Galicia, the Azores and Brittany). 
Contacts are under way with a view to organizing a mission to Italy. 
75 
CHAPTER 4 
REGIONAL SECTOR 
(THE COUNCIL) 
1. BUDGETARY AND FINANCIAL DATA 
The Court notes in particular a rate of implementation of the final overall budget 
of the Structural Funds in terms of payment appropriations which is deemed rather 
low; moreover, the excessive concentration of commitments and payments at the end 
of the financial year increased further. 
The Council stresses the existence of a recurrent problem in this area, which should 
be faced up to. It feels that the new rules governing the Funds provide the 
appropriate context for improved expenditure planning; this should help to reduce 
significantly the current concentration of a large proportion of payments at the end 
of the financial year. 
Commission reply 
The incidence in time of Commission financial operations basically reflects the progress 
of operations on the ground in the Member States and the timing of the receipt of 
Member State expenses declarations. Article 19(3) of Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88 
requires the Member States to submit payment requests in accordance with a "balanced 
schedule" throughout the year. The Commission exercises no direct control over the 
rhythm at which the Member States forward such requests: these usually reflect national 
administrative practices and financial years. 
The problem of the concentration of financial operations at the end of the financial year 
is being addressed in the framework of the exercise "SEM 2000 phase III". 
It should be noted that the situation improved in 1995, despite the late adoption of certain 
Community Initiative programmes and the modification of the financial plans of a number 
of existing programmes in the latter part of the year. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
2. REVIEW OF THE REFORM 
It stresses the importance of greater collaboration between the competent national 
authorities and the Commission departments concerned; it is necessary to avoid at 
all costs confusion about the division of tasks and responsibilities between national 
and Community operators. 
Commission reply 
At a general level, the division of responsibilities is quite clear - the Member States are 
responsible for managing projects in such a way as to ensure that Community law is 
respected and financial errors and irregularities minimized. The Treaty (Article 205) gives 
the Commission ultimate responsibility for the execution of the budget. 
76 
At the level of practical implementation the Commission is aware that in certain areas 
some confusion may exist. At the informal meeting of Ministers responsible for regional 
policy in Venice, in May 1996, Ministers agreed on the need for this question to be 
addressed in the context of "effectiveness, control and simplification" and in the light of 
the principle of subsidiarity and the division of tasks between the Commission and the 
Member States. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
4. PUBLIC CONTRACTS 
The Court remarks that not all the Directives on the transparency and opening up 
of public contracts have been satisfactorily transposed into provisions of domestic 
law adopted by each Member State and that in practice application remains limited. 
The Commission only proceeded very late with checking the operation of the system 
for monitoring compliance with the rules on public contracts. 
The Council invites the Commission to take all due care to ensure that all the 
operators concerned receive the necessary information and that the application of 
Community Directives in the implementation of each operational programme is 
strictly monitored. 
Commission reply 
The primary responsibility for ensuring compliance with Community legislation in respect 
of public procurement lies with the Member States. The programming documents granting 
Structural Fund assistance for the period 1994-99 stipulate the following provisions for 
reinforcing control of compliance with public procurement requirements: 
1. Pursuant to Article 25(6) of Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88, notices sent for 
publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities pursuant to those 
directives must specify the projects in respect of which Community assistance has 
been applied for or granted. 
2. Applications for assistance in respect of the major projects referred to in Article 
16(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88 must include a complete list of contracts 
already awarded and the relevant written reports when these are required under the 
public contracts directives. An updated version of this information is to be sent to 
the Commission with the application for payment of the balance for contracts 
awarded in the meantime. 
In the case of other important projects (in particular those included in operational 
programmes and forming part of structures whose total value is above the thresholds for 
major projects), the written report on each contract awarded, when provided for in the 
public contracts directives, shall be made available to the Monitoring Committee and sent 
to the Commission if it so requests. 
77 
(THE COUNCIL) 
5. ENVIRONMENT 
The Court considers that the slow and incomplete transposition of Community 
environmental Directives into national law and their poor application is extremely 
harmful. It emphasizes the need to make provision for environmental impact studies 
in the context of any evaluation exercise prior to the completion of the programmes 
co-financed by the ERDF. 
The Council reiterates its appeal to the Commission and the Member States to 
ensure that the legislation in this area, which is now clearer and more effective, is 
applied and that compliance is strictly and continuously monitored at all stages of 
implementation of the action financed by the Structural Funds. 
Commission reply 
The Member States bear the primary responsibility for ensuring compliance with 
Community environment law by operations cofinanced by the Structural Funds. The 
Commission will intensify its efforts in the Monitoring Committees to develop and make 
use of project eligibility and selection criteria which reflect sustainable development. 
However, as the Structural Funds are implemented by national legislation, the 
Commission cannot insist on the use of specific environmental indicators or selection 
criteria. 
As regards the prevention of infringements of environmental rules, the Commission will 
seek to play a more active role, including, where appropriate, requiring the reimbursement 
of Community funds under Article 24 of Regulation No 4253/88. It is essential that the 
Commission is swiftly supplied with all necessary information by regional or national 
authorities as well as non-gôvernmental organisations. 
In addition, active participation by national or local environmental authorities in the 
Monitoring Committees in managing programmes which are "sensitive" from an 
environmental point of view also contributes to ensuring compliance with environmental 
legislation in Structural Funds interventions. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
6. OVERALL SUBSIDIES AS AN INSTRUMENT OF LOCAL DEVELOPMENT 
The Council considers that the Commission should make more effort to clarify the 
role and operational procedures of the intermediary bodies in the administration of 
the overall subsidy granted by the Structural Funds. The Commission should also 
step up monitoring and follow-up action. The use of this instrument can be judged 
to be satisfactory only if stringent financial control of the operations reveals greater 
cost-effectiveness and less risk of irregularity than those found by the Court. 
Commission reply 
The Commission considers that clear guidelines are supplied by Article 6(1) of Regulation 
No 4254/88 with regard to defining the role and functioning of the intermediary bodies. 
78 
It emphasizes that it is for the Member States, in agreement with the Commission, of 
course, to designate the intermediary bodies. These, particularly in view of their 
subsidiary financial accountability in respect of the management of Community funds, 
then bear the primary responsibility for the proper application of the guidelines, which 
are, moreover, set out in the guide to overall subsidies produced by the Commission. 
With regard to the monitoring and follow-up of overall subsidies, these operations are 
carried out just as strictly as for other forms of intervention. The Commission notes that 
the Court of Auditors has found no major irregularity in this area. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
7. COMMUNITY INITIATIVE CONCERNING INTER-REGIONAL AND 
CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION (INTERREG) 
The Court notes that this initiative has to a large extent been implemented through 
operational programmes which are not always appropriate to its cross-border 
nature. The difficulties encountered in its administration prevent any conclusive 
evaluation of the impact of the programmes financed or verification of their 
complementarity with other action. 
The Commission admits the administrative complexity and the problems it had to 
face. It has taken the necessary measures to broaden the scope and to clarify with 
the Member States involved the concept of the cross-border nature of the operations. 
The Council invites the Commission to continue its efforts to increase the 
effectiveness of this initiative. 
Commission reply 
During the negotiations on the Interreg IIA operational programmes before they were 
approved by the Commission, the Commission made special efforts, notably by referring 
to the sound practice already established in some border regions and stressing the political 
importance of a genuine, shared cross-border approach, to ensure that the cross-border 
cooperation measures and provisions were satisfactory. Furthermore, as a means of 
supporting the implementation of this particular Community initiative, the exchange of 
experience between border regions and action to build on and disseminate sound practices, 
the Commission granted financial support under Article 7 of the ERDF Regulation to the 
Association of European Frontier Regions, to help it carry out an operation involving 
technical assistance and promoting cross-border cooperation in relation to the Community 
Interreg II initiative as a whole. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
8. FOLLOW-UP, MONITORING AND EVALUATION 
The Court, while recognizing the efforts made inter alia in clarifying the texts 
concerning this area, stresses the need to improve and strengthen evaluation at all 
stages, in particular at the preparatory level and when the implementation reports 
are drawn up. 
79 
The Council stresses the fundamental importance of ex ante evaluation with a view to 
ensuring efficient implementation of the Structural Funds, and invites the Commission to 
take full account of the Court's remarks in implementing its programme. 
Commission reply 
Within the Structural Fund framework, the Commission has taken increasing steps to carry out 
evaluation, with three basic priorities: 
1. More effective supervision of the evaluation process, to ensure and enhance standards. 
Four lists of technical specifications on questions relating to evaluation have been 
produced for this purpose and widely distributed to the various bodies involved, both 
within government departments and outside (various experts and consultancies). 
Work is under way on drawing up a framework of reference for ex post and ex ante 
evaluation, standardized indicators and more effective assessment of the impact on 
employment. 
2. To promote a culture of evaluation. The Commission organized a conference on 
evaluating structural policies in November 1995, mobilizing some 250 national and 
regional partners directly or indirectly involved in evaluating structural policies. A 
conference on the more technical aspects was held in December 1996. 
3. At the operational level, the Commission has carried out a comprehensive evaluation of 
economic and social cohesion, of which the structural policies form the centrepiece. 
This led to the publication of the first Cohesion Report produced by the Commission 
pursuant to Article 13 OB of the Treaty. 
With the national and regional authorities, the Commission has set up the structure for 
intermediate evaluations on the activities under way in respect of the 1994-99 period. 
Having regard to the decisions to be taken on the new Objective 2 programming, the 
Commission has on its own initiative carried out an ex post evaluation of operations 
cofinanced under Objective 2 for the 1989-93 period. 
The Commission emphasizes its attachment to the idea of evaluation but draws attention to the 
constraints upon such operations, given the limits on the quality and quantity of data produced 
at the regional and national levels. 
80 
CHAPTER 5 
SOCIAL SECTOR, STIMULATION OF UNDERTAKINGS (SMEs) AND 
TRAINING 
(THE COUNCIL) 
1. MANAGEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND (ESF) 
The Council recognizes the importance of the problem of overcommitment of the 
Social Fund, which is tending to become recurrent; it invites the Commission to 
apply the financial legislation in force rigorously in order to ensure that budget 
implementation is consistent with programming and the availability of 
appropriations. 
With regard to Community initiatives, the Council considers it advisable to ensure 
an operational separation between the management and control roles and tasks 
within the Commission, while ensuring full and effective coordination at all levels. 
Internal measures to improve the management of the Fund should be taken in a 
consistent manner and according to a precise timetable. 
Commission reply 
The Commission acknowledges that it is important to guarantee that the management and 
control functions within its departments remain separate. As part of the SEM 2000 
operation, DG V's organization chart was modified on 17 July 1996 to establish a 
Resources Directorate combining responsibility for allocating and managing human and 
financial resources, auditing, monitoring and evaluation. This new body has been in 
operation since 1 September 1996. The new auditing and control unit, separated off from 
the financial unit, now carries out across-the-board checks on all DG V activities 
(including non-ESF activities). 
(THE COUNCIL) 
2. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) 
The Council considers it necessary to apply uniformly a definition which closely 
matches the reality of the situation, with the use of precise criteria. Action on behalf 
of SMEs should be redirected to take account of their actual requirements. The 
access of these enterprises to existing instruments should be improved and efforts 
made to arrive at a better assessment of the means used and results attained in 
respect of Community action in this area. 
Commission reply 
The Commission shares the Council's view as to the importance of clearly defining SMEs 
and therefore adopted a recommendation to the Member States (OJ L 107, 30.4.96) which 
makes all Community programmes and instruments subject to the same set of rules as 
regards defining SMEs, small enterprises and micro-enterprises. The recommendation 
lays down precise criteria in terms of numbers of employees, capital base and company 
independence, so that action to support SMEs can be focused on enterprises which 
81 
because of their size are genuinely in need of special measures. This recommendation 
should make it possible to make programmes and measures to aid this type of enterprise 
more consistent and visible, thereby facilitating access to such programmes and enhancing 
their efficiency. 
The Commission can only share the Council's view as to the usefulness of orienting 
action to help SMEs within the European Social Fund framework more effectively, while 
pointing once again to the decisive part the Member States themselves play in defining 
such action. 
The Commission is, however, particularly sensitive to the need to improve access to the 
existing instruments for SMEs; to bring this about, as part of the recent reorganization of 
the Directorate-General responsible for the policy to help SMEs, it set up a unit to carry 
out that task, among others, within a new directorate. 
The recommendation cited above lays down that the Member States and Commission 
departments should take the requisite steps to adapt the statistics that they produce in line 
with harmonized size-classes reflecting the thresholds chosen for defining SMEs, small 
enterprises and micro-enterprises. All the Directorates-General have been advised that 
they must adopt their statistical data bases so that all instruments and programmes 
involving SMEs can be more effectively coordinated and progress evaluated in the next 
Commission report on the coordination of activities to help SMEs and small craft 
industries. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
3. SOCIAL DIALOGUE 
The Council feels that action to promote social dialogue should be better targeted 
and stresses the need for strict monitoring of the positive initiatives benefiting from 
Community financing. 
Commission reply 
To ensure better targeting of action, the Commission has included cost-effectiveness and 
European added value among the criteria for assessing applications submitted to it for 
assistance under the budgetary headings relating to social dialogue. With regard to 
monitoring, the Commission has carried out several on-the-spot inspections on recipients 
of grants and proposes to carry out further missions of this type. 
82 
CHAPTER 6 
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT: 
"LIFE"AND ITS PREDECESSORS 
(THE COUNCIL) 
Commission reply 
The Council notes that the first phase of the programme was characterized by a lack 
of rigour in the selection and management of certain projects; the financial 
implementation was delayed to some extent and the financial audit was also 
inadequate. It considers that the Commission should apply stricter and more 
selective criteria and increase the control and monitoring of the projects carried out. 
The Council acknowledges the Commission's efforts to make the necessary 
improvements in the context of the new LIFE II programme; it also stresses the need 
for appropriate dissemination of the results obtained to the authorities involved at 
every administrative level in the Member States. 
The Commission would stress that the selection procedures for LIFE projects were 
thoroughly overhauled and improved as part of the implementation of LIFE II. 
An informative booklet is widely distributed each year; this gives full details of the 
selection procedure and the criteria applied. All projects, too, are considered by a 
Management Board consisting of representatives of the Member States. The Committee 
adopts an opinion before the Commission embarks on its decision-making procedure. 
The facilities offered by the new regulation mean that the technical and financial follow-
up of projects under way will be further strengthened in the case of the LIFE II 
programme. 
An auditing unit which has been fully operational since the beginning of the 1996 
financial year is now responsible for ex post evaluation of projects. A preliminary 
evaluation of the LIFE I programme was submitted to the Council and Parliament in 
November 1995 when the regulation was revised. 
As soon as the LIFE I projects are closed, at the end of 1998, a final evaluation will be 
carried out and the results circulated to the institutions, the Member States and the parties 
concerned. 
83 
CHAPTER 8 
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND BANKING ACTIVITIES 
(THE COUNCIL) 
1. NCI LOANS AND INTEREST SUBSIDIES IN THE EARTHQUAKE-
DAMAGED REGIONS OF ITALY 
The Court of Auditors examined more closely two operations (concerning industrial 
areas and schools) and considers that the objectives of these two operations, in 
particular job-creation, have not been completely attained. 
The Council, confining itself to the aspects relating to the budget discharge, invites 
the Commission to improve coordination of its actions with the local authorities in 
the future. 
Commission reply 
As the Commission's preliminary replies made clear, the number of jobs involved was 
not a condition of the loan but a target. It was not fully achieved, for a wide range of 
reasons over which the Commission had no control, such as developments in the overall 
economic situation. The Commission does, nevertheless, share the Council's concern that 
its actions should be better coordinated with the local authorities in the future. 
(THE COUNCIL) 
2. EUROPEAN INVESTMENT FUND 
The Court of Auditors considers that it is its duty to examine the EIF accounts. 
The Commission is taking steps to arrive at a result satisfactory to all the 
institutions concerned. 
The Council takes note of these remarks and anticipates a swift solution to the 
problem. 
Commission reply 
The discussions between the institutions and bodies concerned regarding the procedures 
for the monitoring by the Court of Auditors of Community participation in the European 
Investment Fund have not yet produced a final result. However, the Commission is 
sparing no effort to ensure that agreement is reached as swiftly as possible. 
84 
CHAPTER 9 
RESEARCH: Human capital and mobility programme 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Court observes that there have been considerable delays in implementing some 
aspects of the programme. Coordination between the different DGs responsible for 
implementing the various parts of the programme has not been sufficient to ensure 
support for the projects which, overall, are the most deserving. 
The Court also notes that a large number of grant holders have benefited from 
support from the programme in circumstances which do not guarantee an increase 
in mobility. The participation of industrial research laboratories has proved 
inadequate; in addition, it has not been possible to show that the programme has 
contributed to the promotion of the objective of cohesion. 
The Council shares the concerns expressed by the Court. 
The Council notes, however, that the Commission has learned from the experience 
and has made considerable improvements. It stresses the need to ensure full and 
consistent management of the programme by the Commission's own means and 
optimum coordination between the departments concerned. 
Commission reply 
The Commission would point out that as part of the 1994 annual report procedure it 
replied point by point to the Court's comments to which the Council refers. This 
notwithstanding, it has indeed, as the Council stresses, learned from the experience it 
acquired in implementing the special human capital and mobility programme, making 
considerable improvements in the field covered by the programme. These improvements 
were carried out with greater effectiveness in the adoption and implementation of the 
special programme in the field of the training and mobility of researchers which followed 
on from the human capital and mobility programme. The measures adopted in the 
programme in question included: 
stricter rules on applying the criterion of mobility. However, the factors designed 
to facilitate the incorporation of the applicant grant holder into its forthcoming induction 
laboratory were taken into account, as with the human capital and mobility programme; 
regular exchanges of information with other Commission departments running 
training activities were stepped up as a particular priority, especially as the rules 
governing grants for training by research are applied uniformly to all the Commission 
DGs awarding such grants; 
industry participation in implementing the programme was stepped up (with more 
industrial researchers on the various project evaluation panels, the industry component 
being taken into account during project selection and the setting up of a working party 
to study industry participation in the programme); 
85 
the cohesion principle was more effectively applied, in that, in addition to a 
strengthening of the measures laid down and successfully implemented in the course of 
the human capital and mobility programme, a working party was set up to look into the 
involvement of the less favoured regions in the programme. A preliminary report and 
recommendations by the working party were submitted to the programme committee on 
23 February 1996. 
CHAPTER 10 
MEASURES IN FAVOUR OF THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND 
EASTERN EUROPE, THE NEWLY INDEPENDENT STATES (FORMER 
SOVIET UNION) AND MONGOLIA 
The Court of Auditors focused its audit on the budgetary implementation of the 
PHARE and TACIS programmes. 
The Council agrees with the Court's remarks and invites the Commission to 
continue its efforts to improve the effectiveness of the two programmes in line with 
the conclusions of the European Council meetings, although it is aware that the 
Commission must carry out its activities in a particularly difficult environment. 
In particular, it wishes to highlight the following points: 
- rigorous application of the tendering procedure for the award of contracts 
under these two programmes; 
- the request first to carry out systematic monitoring and evaluation before any 
decision is taken on renewing each programme; 
- the need to improve coordination between those taking part in any operation; 
- certainty that specific action will follow the studies carried out in particular in 
the context of TACIS. 
Lastly, the Council expects the Commission to submit proposals for improvements 
in the context of the implementation of the two programmes and of a report on the 
management of the staff of the external delegations. 
Commission reply 
(a) TACIS 
1. The Commission strictly complies with tendering procedures laid down in the Tacis 
and financial Regulations. The rules are as follows : 
- Service contracts : 
• direct agreement up to ECU 150 000, 
• direct agreement after informal consultation for contracts between ECU 150 000 and 
ECU 300 000, 
86 
restricted tender above 300,000 ECU (200,000 ECU when the new Tacis Regulation 
comes into force). 
- Supply contracts : 
direct agreement after informal consultation up to ECU 50 000, 
open tender above ECU 50 000. 
2. The Commission is currently preparing to launch a thorough and exhaustive evaluation of the 
Tacis programme and its performance to date, as a basis for future decisions to continue the 
programme. 
3. The coordination between all parties involved in the implementation of the programme has 
been continuously improved. Nowadays, Tacis actively coordinates with the Member States, 
EBRD, IFIs and other donors in various constituted and informal fora. 
4. At the beginning of the programme's life, there was a real need for a proper analysis of the 
real situation in the Tacis countries. By now, Tacis can build on the knowledge gained in this 
initial period and focuses more strongly on its real subject : the provision of technical assistance 
and the transfer of European know-how to the partner states. Only in specific facilities, Tacis is 
still systematically called upon to finance (pre-investment) studies, e.g. in the framework of 
cooperation with EBRD under the "Bangkok" facility. In this particular case, it shall be noted 
that in 1995, 74% of the Tacis funded studies were actually linked to an investment project. 
b)EHAEE 
The Commission, with a view to limiting the number of contracts and the administrative burden 
on both partner country and the Commission, has introduced 13 sectoral framework contracts 
which in principle will be used below 300,000 ECU. 
If in specific cases the framework contracts cannot be used the option exists for direct 
agreement, normally after informal consultation, for contracts up to 50,000 ECU. 
All other tenders must respect Article 118 and are therefore being announced on the Internet 
followed by official pre-qualification on which basis the short list is established. 
87 
A new Monitoring and Evaluation Manual has been put in place for the Phare 
Programme. It specifically provides for an annual review of each sector programme, on 
the basis of which decisions on further funding for the relevant sector will be taken. The 
Phare Management Committee will take these reviews into account before giving its 
opinion on the financing proposals presented by the Commission. 
c) Staff management in the external delegations 
The report requested will be found below, in the section entitled "Comments on the 
operating appropriations for institutions and bodies of the European Communities". 
CHAPTER 11 
COOPERATION WITH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 
AND THIRD COUNTRIES (EXCEPT FOR THE 
COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE) 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Court devotes most of the Chapter to the results of its check on the legality, 
regularity and sound financial management of the expenditure relating to the 
structural adjustment support programmes on behalf of the Mediterranean 
countries. 
The Council: 
- requests that the Commission should accept the Court of Auditors' 
recommendation inviting it to carry out a country-by-country budgetary 
analysis to ensure that the budgetary strategy followed is compatible with the 
adjustment programme under way; 
- invites the Commission to consider better allocation of its human resources in 
order to improve the conditions for implementation and organization of the 
monitoring of these support programmes. 
Commission reply 
The reallocation of certain responsibilities in line with SEM 2000 allows a rationalization 
of responsibilities within the operational directorates. In particular, the release of technical 
units (including the newly created economic cooperation units which formerly covered 
a part of their task) from responsibility for the administrative work of contract award and 
negotiation, will allow those units to take the lead role for projects within their respective 
responsibilities throughout the project cycle (in effect, the "task management" approach 
advocated in the recent internal audit). This, in turn, will allow geographical units to 
discharge more effectively their policy and coordination role in respect of our partner 
countries. It should be noted that a new post for an economist in the Mashreq unit and 
a post for an economist for the Maghreb have been created. It has also been decided to 
involve DG II in considering these questions, and to step up coordination with the IMF 
and the World Bank. 
88 
For 1996, the budgetary authority, at the Commission's request, decided to allocate 3% 
of the appropriations available for the Mediterranean countries to the preparation, 
monitoring and evaluation of the Community-financed projects and programmes in those 
countries. 
CHAPTER 13 
COMMISSION (STAFF AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE OF THE 
EUROPEAN COMMISSION DELEGATIONS) 
FINANCIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ASSETS 
(EXCLUDING RESEARCH) 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Court of Auditors notes differences in the application of Staff Regulations and 
local provisions in the delegations, in particular with regard to the employment of 
local staff and the special arrangements applying to the administrative and technical 
staff. With regard to decentralized local management, certain weaknesses or 
shortcomings were noted by the Court, in particular in view of the new provisions 
of the Financial Regulation on decentralization. Adjustment of the structure of 
permanent inventories of delegations' movable property also appears to the Court 
to be essential. 
The Council notes that the Commission is acting on the Court's recommendations 
and invites the Commission to continue its efforts in that direction. 
It stresses the importance it attaches to the strict application of the rules of the Staff 
Regulations of officials and the conditions of employment of local staff in the 
Commission's delegations. It requests a rationalization of staff management. 
Commission reply 
a) Management of the external delegations 
Rules governing working conditions of locally recruited staff 
At the beginning of August 1996 there were 100 delegations with their own local rules. 
The only ones missing from the list were certain delegations in Central Europe or the 
former Soviet Union (Albania, the Czech Republic, Georgia etc.) and those where there 
were special problems as regards either operations (Algeria) or legal status (China, 
Canada, Japan etc.). Similarly, the local rules for certain Offices where a very small 
number of officials work (such as Belize and Tonga) are yet to be finalized. 
Special arrangements for administrative and technical staff in certain delegations 
The Commission is still giving consideration to the question of introducing special 
provisions covering local administrative and technical staff of Community origin, in 
accordance with the guidelines set out by the Court of Auditors. In so doing it will take 
account of the comment made by the Council on 11 March 1996 when the discharge was 
granted, calling for a rationalization of personnel management. 
89 
Determination of step on initial classification in grade and reclassification of local 
staff 
The procedure for checking classification as implemented following the Court's comments 
(see point 13.16 of the Commission's reply) is now operational. The object of it is to 
oblige local administrators to be more painstaking when giving consideration to the 
awarding of steps. 
Ongoing inventories of furniture and fittings 
• All the delegations have now sent their inventories in to headquarters in 
computerized form. The figures are being checked before being incorporated into 
the balance sheet. 
• There is now software which enables items worth less than the statutory threshold 
of ECU 350 to be identified. 
• Regular reminders of the writing-off procedures are issued and checks for 
compliance are made on the spot when inspection teams visit the delegations. 
The Commission would confirm, however, that it cannot act on the Court's remark 
concerning the whereabouts of items in the delegations. To avoid the need to keep 
updating the inventories, the lists sent to headquarters show what is held in each 
delegation as a whole, not in each room or premises. 
Service vehicles 
• The new rules on the use of service vehicles and private cars on Commission 
business entered into force on 15 July 1996. 
• Tougher checks are being made on overtime worked by drivers. Staff are being 
encouraged to use alternative methods of transport, such as shuttle services to and 
from airports. 
Management of annual leave 
• Action taken to reduce the number of leave days carried over from year to year has 
produced encouraging results: 
carryovers from 1993 to 1994: 240 officials involved 
carryovers from 1994 to 1995: 275 
carryovers from 1995 to 1996: 204 
The rising curve has now been stopped. Thanks to this step, plus a more binding 
timetable for forward planning and more thorough analysis of the reasons given for 
carrying leave days over, the Commission now has greater administrative resources with 
which to take a firmer grip of leave management. 
90 
There have, on the other hand, been delays in setting up the computerized leave 
monitoring programme. The system is being reorganized. 
Accommodation 
Most of the agreements with officials occupying accommodation leased or owned by the 
Commission have now been signed. The remaining cases are to do with local 
peculiarities. 
(b) Assets management (excluding research) 
At the beginning of 1995 the Commission embarked on a programme to overhaul the 
management of its assets completely, involving drawing up a full inventory of its assets 
and laying down new rules and management procedures which should make for more 
effective asset management in future. 
1. The inventory of assets was completed in June 1996 and covered all the 
Commission's movable assets at headquarters offices in Brussels and Luxembourg. 
The exercise covered 68 buildings in Brussels and 13 in Luxembourg, where 314 328 and 
81 482 items respectively were inventoried. A new identification technique involving the 
use of barcodes and optical readers was introduced for the first time, to create a 
computerized inventory which will be faster and more efficient to use in the future. 
The rate of statistical error recorded during this exercise was lower than 17° °, which is 
regarded as acceptable. 
The SYSBIEN inventory database is now being updated using the results of the 
inventorying exercise. Reconciliation of the data should be completed by 
31 November 1996. 
In addition to the reconciliation, a series of more restricted inspections involving 
particular sectors and sites will be carried out, at, for example: 
the Transport Service; 
• the Offices in the Union; 
• the Commission's offices in Strasbourg. 
Some 100 000 dossiers are to be processed by 31 December 1996; the inventory situation 
will then be such that the control authority can be given true and reliable data regarding 
the Commission's asset holdings. 
2. Managing the inventory is the second stage of the operation. 
To ensure that the data from the inventorying exercise remain reliable, the Commission 
decided: 
• to adopt a new Regulation on inventories for its own purposes; 
91 
to amend the principles and procedures for managing the inventory. 
The new Regulation on inventories was adopted by the Commission on 21 December 
1995. The procedures for applying this regulation are being worked out, and should make 
it possible for the inventorying of assets to be decentralized from 1 January 1997. 
A system of regular inventories will be set up to check that the data held in inventories 
are reliable, in accordance with the stipulation in the Financial Regulation and elsewhere 
that inventories should be conducted every three years. 
In practice the burden of keeping inventories will be shared by carrying out one or more 
each month. 
92 
RELEVANT SPECIAL REPORTS 
Special Report No 3/94 concerning the implementation of the intervention measures 
provided for by the CMO in the beef and veal sector; 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Council indicated in particular that it wished the Commission to carry out an 
evaluation of the intervention arrangements of the CMO once the reform had been 
fully applied. 
It also invited the Commission to study the measures which still needed to be taken 
in the area of management of stocks and to submit any appropriate proposals. 
Commission reply 
No public intervention took place in the beef and veal sector from December 1993 to 
March 1996, during which period the opportunity was taken to improve the operating 
rules for the arrangement, with regard in particular to the comments by the Court of 
Auditors in its special report No 3/94. 
Since that time, public buying-in has had to resume, owing to the critical situation in the 
beef and veal sector following the release of reports about the risk of bovine spongiform 
encephalitis being transmitted to humans. It is still too soon to evaluate the operation of 
the intervention arrangement (buying and selling procedures, stock management) since 
buying-in resumed in April 1996. At that time unsold stocks stood at some 8000 tonnes 
(carcass equivalent weight), held mainly in the United Kingdom (see stock situation in 
the attached table). 
93 
ANNEX 
BEEF AND VEAL 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 27 
OF REGULATION (EEC) No 859/89 
INTERVENTION BUYING-IN AND SALES 
SITUATION AT END MARCH 1996 
BELGIUM 
DENMARK * 
GERMANY 
GREECE 
SPAIN 
FRANCE 
IRELAND 
ITALY 
LUXEMBOURG 
NETHERLANDS 
UNITED KINGDOM 
TOTAL 
CARCASS 
EQUIVALENT STOCKS UNSOLD 
AT 31.12.1995 
MEAT 
ON THE 
BONE 
-
3 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3 
3 BONED 
MEAT 
-
68 
-
-
-
-
36 
345 
-
-
5.072 
5.521 
8.119 TOTAL 
-
71 
-
-
-
-
36 
345 
-
-
5.072 
5.524 
8.122 BUYING-IN 
FROM 1.1.1996 
TOTAL 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-I N C L . 
MEAT FOR 
BONING 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-SALES 
FROM 1.1.1996 
MEAT 
0 N 
THE 
BONE 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-BONED 
MEAT 
-
10 
-
-
-
-
30 
-
-
-
65 
105 
154 
154 STOCKS UNSOLD 
AT 31.03.1996 
MEAT 
0 N 
THE 
BONE 
-
3 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3 
3 BONED 
MEAT 
-
58 
-
-
-
6 
-
345 
-
-
5.007 
5.416 
7.965 TOTAL 
-
61 
-
-
-
6 
-
345 
-
-
5.007 
5.419 
,7.968 
* Revised 
94 
Special Report No 4/94 concerning the urban environment 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Court of Auditors observes in particular that action in this area must be 
integrated into the longer-term urban programming plan, that projects suffer from 
being imprecise as regards the operations to be carried out and that 
inter-departmental consultation should be improved in order to avoid too much 
dissipation of effort. 
It recommends that action should be effectively coordinated, at both Community 
and local level, and that the Commission should provide precise, systematic support 
for each action. 
The Council asks the Commission to take action on the Court's comments. 
Commission reply 
The Commission recognizes the growing importance of the urban dimension in several 
Community programmes and initiatives. An Interdepartmental Working Party on Urban 
Affairs was set up at the beginning of 1995 and meets regularly to enhance coordination 
of Community action. 
With regard to coordination at local level, there is, for example, the clause in the call for 
new urban pilot project proposals published in OJ C 319/95, 30.11.95, p. 31: "Proposals 
may relate to any activity which is the responsibility of the participating local authorities 
provided the actions proposed are necessary components of an integrated innovative 
socioeconomic strategy agreed by the local partnership and aimed at tackling specific 
identified urban problems, or anticipate future ones, in a sustainable way." 
Special Report No 3/95 concerning the implementation of the intervention measures 
provided for by the CMO in the sheepmeat and goatmeat sector 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Court of Auditors makes several recommendations, in particular: improving the 
statistics in respect of quality and transmission time, a more reliable system for 
recording prices, strengthening controls on premiums, strengthening the supervision 
of private storage by the Member States, examination by the Commission of 
alternatives to the current mechanism, in particular with a view to focusing more 
on support for producers in less-favoured areas, and at the same time a review of 
the concept of less-favoured areas as regards its implications for the granting of 
premiums, and examination by the Commission of the possibility of abolishing the 
system of fattening to produce heavy carcasses. 
The relevant Council bodies have examined the Court's report; the Council invites 
the Commission to take account of the conclusions in the Working Party's report. 
95 
Commission reply 
The Commission takes note of the recommendations to the Member States with regard 
to improving the statistics in respect of quality and transmission time and strengthening 
the supervision of private storage. 
The Commission does not, on the other hand, plan to make any proposal to the Council 
for abolition of the system of fattening to produce heavy carcasses, which was the 
outcome of a compromise achieved with difficulty in the Council; the Commission will, 
however, do its best to improve the management of the system by the start of the next 
marketing year by means of adjustments designed to make controls more effective. 
With regard to the recommendation that the premium system be focused more on 
providing support for producers in less-favoured areas, the Commission sides with the 
majority of the Member States, who do not support such recommendations. 
Special Report No 4/95 concerning the management of EAGGF Guidance Section 
expenditure in Portugal from 1988 to 1993 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Council takes note of the intention of the competent Portuguese authorities to 
improve, in collaboration with the Commission, internal procedures for the 
management, control and monitoring of programmes financed in this area. 
Commission reply 
1. This report was produced after the Court conducted a special audit between June 
and November 1994 in response to a request made by Parliament's President in 
February 1994. It highlighted shortcomings in the system of management and 
control and specific situations which the Court considered irregular. 
2. In exercising its right of reply, the Commission has not accepted some of the 
Court's claims. In other instances, however, the Commission has promised to 
identify the cases, clear them up with the Member State and, if necessary, take 
corrective measures. 
3. To follow up this undertaking, there has been an exchange of correspondence with 
the Portuguese authorities and a meeting in Lisbon attended by the agencies 
responsible for the management of EAGGF expenditure. 
4. The final conclusions reached were as follows: 
4.1 As regards the distribution of management and control duties between the 
various agencies, the changes made as a result of the ministerial orders Despacho 
32/96 and Despacho 33/96 of 3 April 1996 and Portaria 130/96 of 24 April 1996 
have remedied the situation since they clearly define each agency's powers. The 
Commission will closely monitor the implementation and effectiveness of these 
provisions. 
96 
4.2 The Court considered that, when selecting projects for a number of 
programmes, insufficient attention was paid to the actual capacity for marketing 
the products in question. Although Portugal has much the same level of 
requirements as the other Member States, this has been pushed even further by the 
introduction of stricter parameters and studies of markets and outlets for the more 
important projects involving the processing and marketing of agricultural and 
forestry products. 
Some of the difficulties noted by the Court resulted from unforeseeable 
developments on the Portuguese market following the country's accession to the 
European Union and its accelerated exposure to the single market. This aspect will 
have to be given careful attention at the time of any future enlargements of the 
Union. 
4.3 As regards compliance with the selection criteria relating to production 
capacity in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 866/90, the Portuguese 
authorities have shown that, for each slaughterhouse co-financed, they eliminated 
an identical amount of production capacity. At all events, the projects referred to 
by the Court were approved under Regulation (EEC) No 355/77 before the entry 
into force of Regulation (EEC) No 866/90 and the selection criteria laid down in 
Commission Decision 90/342/EEC of 7 June 1990. There was thus no irregularity. 
4.4 Point 3.2.7 of the report deals with the excessive delays in some of the 
intermediary agency's payments to beneficiaries. This was indeed true of the three 
cases mentioned by the Court, but they were exceptions. As regards the 
cooperative in question, it is essential to consider the time needed to formulate a 
proper application and check whether the request for an advance was legally 
sound. The delay in the second case was due to the budgetary difficulties of the 
Autonomous Region of Madeira. In the case of the vocational training centre it 
was not the late payments that prompted application of the price review formula. 
The delay was caused by the technical hold-ups in the construction work imposed 
by the city hall. 
4.5 Point 3.3.3 of the report 
The Court claims that, under PEDAP, the Member State financed 85% of the 
expenditure by public health protection groups in the sixth year. Since, from the 
sixth year, beneficiaries should bear 20% of the eligible expenditure themselves, 
the criticism appears valid. However, the case in question, which is the result of 
the adjustment of the reference year for a number of projects to bring it into line 
with the calendar year, complies with the rules since this additional public 
expenditure was deducted from the final applications for repayment. In fact, they 
were financed in full by the national budget. 
4.6 Point 3.3.4 of the report 
Still in connection with the health protection groups, the Court concluded that, in 
view of the confusion surrounding the VAT arrangements applying to these 
beneficiaries, in several cases recoverable VAT was erroneously regarded as 
eligible expenditure. After the exhaustive check requested by the Commission, the 
97 
Portuguese authorities confirmed that all cases of eligible VAT concerned 
beneficiaries who were unable to recover it. 
4.7 Points 8.2.2 and 8.2.3 of the report 
As regards the special allowances for young farmers, the departments responsible 
for certifying that agricultural activity was the main source of revenue for the 
applicants did not have reliable information. The same was true for the obligation 
to have sufficient training or experience. 
This situation may indeed be criticized, but the Portuguese authorities have shown 
great determination to improve the system by introducing stricter requirements, 
adopting a new legal framework and, in particular, stepping up ex post controls, 
as has already occurred with the second CSF. 
4.8 Point 8.2.4 of the report 
The Court found that Portugal had used national funds to finance more than two 
projects per beneficiary in each six-year period. Indeed, under national law, 
beneficiaries may present more than two projects during the reference period 
provided another undertaking is involved. 
As regards the surface area declared for the purpose of compensatory allowances, 
the définitive implementation of the system of integrated control under Council 
Regulation (EEC) No 3887/92 will improve controls. 
4.9 Point 8.2.6 of the report 
As four beneficiaries had failed to comply with the conditions required for 
Community aid, it was considered that the aid paid should be recovered. For one 
of these projects, the Member State did not recover the Community aid but 
converted it into national aid instead as it still met the conditions for this aid. The 
Portuguese authorities will have to provide further details before the other cases 
can be closed. 
4.10 Points 9.2.8, 9.2.9 and 9.2.10 of the report 
The Court found that aid had been granted to some projects outside the areas laid 
down in the operational programme for farmers who had suffered from bad 
weather. Apart from the aspect of whether the expenditure itself was eligible, the 
Member State submitted for approval a programme which did not include the 
northern region. After the programme was approved, a ministerial order extended 
the area of intervention to specific places in other areas. The Commission 
considers that expenditure on these projects is not eligible and it will be deducted 
from the final application for the balance from the programme. 
4.11 Point 9.2.11 of the report 
Two major projects accounting for some 60% of aids under the "Mira Rural 
Development" operational programme went bankrupt. The intermediary agency has 
98 
started legal action for the recovery of the aid paid and will keep the Commission 
informed of proceedings. 
4.12 Points 9.2.12 to 9.2.16 of the report 
In the case of the operational programme involving "measures to promote 
silviculture", the Forestry Institute, as a beneficiary of a public afforestation 
project, was confronted by attempted fraud on the part of a private operator with 
the complicity of one of its officials. By using false declarations, this operator was 
about to pocket all of the aid without completing the work. The Forestry Institute 
itself will resolve the matter and will repay to the intermediary agency the aid 
which it should not have received. The Commission will ensure that the amount 
recovered is taken into consideration in the balance of EAGGF financing for this 
programme. The intermediary agency and the subsidiary control agencies have 
stepped up controls in this sector. 
99 
ACTION TO BE TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS ACCOMPANYING 
THE COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION 
OF 11 MARCH 1996 
ON THE DISCHARGE TO BE GIVEN TO THE 
EUROPEAN FOUNDATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT 
OF LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS 
IN RESPECT OF THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 
100 
(THE COUNCIL) 
As in previous reports, the Court of Auditors observes that the Foundation must press 
on with the introduction of procedures which are consistent with the Financial Regulation, 
particularly with respect to the almost systematic use of imprest accounts, prior to 
approval by a financial controller, transfers between budget titles, the segregation of 
duties between the accounting officer and the authorizing officer, the growth in the 
amounts of appropriations being carried over, particularly in title 3, which infringes the 
principle of the annual nature of the budget and the under-utilization of the amounts 
carried over in the subsequent financial year. 
The Council has taken note of the Court of Auditors' comments and of the Foundation's 
reply and notes that the Foundation has already taken a number of the measures the Court 
wished it to take. The Council recommends that in 1996 the Foundation also follow 
up the Court's other observations. It also notes that the transfers to which the Council 
alludes are not in breach of the regulations in force. 
Reply from the Foundation 
Separation of functions of the Accounting Officer and the Authorizing Officer. 
The separation of the duties of the Accounting Officer and the Authorizing Officer will 
be possible following the delivery of a new computerized accounting system which is 
scheduled to be in operation in 1997. 
Carryovers 
It should be noted that carryovers are effected in full accordance with Article 6.1 .(d) of 
the Foundation's financial regulation. 
Imprest Account Payments 
See Foundation's reply to Parliament's comments. 
The Legal Basis for Transfers 
See Foundation's reply to Parliament's comments. 
101 
ACTION TO BE TAKEN ON THE COMMENTS ACCOMPANYING 
THE COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION 
OF 11 MARCH 1996 
ON THE DISCHARGE TO BE GIVEN TO THE 
EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT 
OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING 
IN RESPECT OF THE 1994 FINANCIAL YEAR 
102 
(THE COUNCIL) 
The Centre stresses that, as a result of more rigorous management, it has been able 
to reduce the proportion of available appropriations cancelled at the end of the 
financial year or carried over to the next year; the rate of utilization during the year 
of the final appropriations for 1994 has improved as a result. 
The Council draws attention to the Commission's undertakings in this connection 
and asks it and the Centre to make every effort to ensure that, at an early date, the 
Centre is fully operational and able to realize its full potential in fulfilling the tasks 
assigned to it, while demonstrating effective budgetary and financial management. 
It takes the view that the transfers between titles to which the Court alludes are not 
in breach of the financial rules applicable to the Centre. 
Reply from the Centre 
Mrs Cresson, Member of the Commission, took part in a seminar with the Management 
Board in March 1996 at which she emphasized the lines of action which CEDEFOP will 
have to follow. 
Decisions have been taken at each meeting of the Management Board since March 1996 
to make the Centre more cost-effective; cost-effectiveness has already risen, despite the 
reduced staffing level in Thessaloniki. Of these decisions, those relating to revitalizing 
the Centre, setting medium-term priorities and raising the standard of services should 
shortly show results. 
103 



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