27.3.91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/7 
II 
(Preparatory Acts) 
COMMISSION 
Proposal for a Council Regulation (EEC) on improving the efficiency of agricultural structures 
(91/C 82/06) 
SEQ91) 268 final 
(Submitted by the Commission on 12 March 1991) 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European 
Economic Community, and in particular Articles 42 and 
43 thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, 
Having regard to the opinion of the European 
Parliament, 
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and 
Social Committee, 
Whereas Council Regulation (EEC) No 797/85 of 12 
March 1985 on improving the efficiency of agricultural 
structures ('), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 
3577/90 O, has been substantially amended on a number 
of occasions; whereas it is appropriate, for reasons of 
clarity and rationality, to consolidate the said Regu­
lation; 
Whereas, pursuant to Article 1 of Council Regulation 
(EEC) No 2052/88 of 24 June 1988 on the tasks of the 
Structural Funds and their effectiveness and on coordi­
nation of their activities between themselves and with the 
operations of the European Investment Bank and the 
other existing financial instruments (3), Community 
action through the Structural Funds, in particular, is to 
support the achievement of the general objectives set out 
in Articles 130a and 130c of the Treaty by contributing 
to the attainment of five priority objectives; whereas it is 
for the Guidance Section of the European Guidance and 
Guarantee Fund (EAGGF) to contribute towards speeding up the adjustment of agricultural structures 
with a view to reform of the common agricultural policy; 
Whereas intervention by the EAGGF for the attainment 
of Objective 5 (a) is governed by Council Regulation 
(EEC) No 4253/88 of 19 December 1988 laying down 
provisions for implementing Regulation (EEC) No 
2052/88 as regards coordination of the activities of the 
different Structural Funds between themselves and with 
the operations of the European Investment Bank and the 
other existing financial instruments (4), and by Council 
Regulation (EEC) No 4256/88 of 19 December 1988 
laying down provisions for implementing Regulation 
(EEC) No 2052/88 as regards the EAGGF Guidance 
Section (5); 
Whereas this common measure must fit in with other 
horizontal measures decided on for the attainment of 
Objective 5 (a); whereas it also reflects certain principles 
of Community policiy on agricultural structures that are 
generally applicable to any intervention by the Funds; 
Whereas it is not possible to achieve the objectives of the 
common agricultural policy set out in Article 39 (1) (a) 
and (b) of the Treaty without aiding the improvement of 
the efficiency of agricultural structures, especially in 
regions experiencing particularly acute problems; 
Whereas this improvement of the efficiency of agri­
cultural structures is an indispensable element in the 
development of the common agricultural policy; whereas 
it is therefore necessary that such improvement be based 
on Community concepts and criteria; 
(') OJ No L 93, 30. 3. 1985, p. 1. 
O OJ No L 353, 17. 12. 1990, p. 23. 
(3) OJ No L 185, 15. 7. 1988, p. 9. O OJ No L 374, 31. 12. 1988, p. 1. 
O OJ No L 374, 31. 12. 1988, p. 25. 
No C 82/8 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3.91 
Whereas, because of the diversity of their causes, nature 
and gravity, structural problems in agriculture may 
require solutions which vary according to region and are 
capable of adjustment over a period of time; whereas 
such solutions must contribute to the overall economic 
and social development of each region concerned; 
Whereas the situation of agricultural markets has 
changed, and will change further, as a result of the new 
direction imposed on the common agricultural policy by 
the need to secure a gradual drop in output in those 
sectors where there is a surplus; 
Whereas, in this context, structural policy must be used 
to help farmers adapt to this new situation and to 
cushion the effects that the new markets and prices 
policy is likely to have on agricultural incomes in 
particular; 
Whereas, if European agriculture is to maintain a 
presence on world markets, the common agricultural 
policy must continue to aim at increasing the efficiency 
and competitiveness of agricultural holdings; whereas, 
while the majority of the adjustments necessary to ensure 
the long-term competitiveness of Community agriculture 
must be made through the markets policy, the structural 
policy, too, must make its contribution by strengthening 
production and marketing structures as far as possible 
but without in any way worsening the imbalance 
between the productive resources allocated to agriculture 
and the foreseeable outlets; 
Whereas, as part of this common measure, the 
implementation of certain measures is essential if the 
objective of improving the efficiency of agricultural 
structures is to be attained; whereas such measures must 
therefore necessarily be carried out by the Member 
States; whereas, on the other hand, as regards other 
measures, the choice should be left open to Member 
States as to whether, depending on the specific situations 
of their farmers, provision should or should not be made 
for such measures; 
Whereas arrangements for the set-aside of arable land 
may assist the various sectors, and in particular those 
with surplus production, to adjust to market 
requirements; 
Whereas the set-aside arrangements should cover all 
arable land, since from one year to another the use made 
of such land varies with the rotation of crops; whereas, however, land used for crops not subject to a common 
organization of the market should be excluded from the 
scheme; whereas to achieve tangible results in terms of 
the stabilization of supply, it should be stipulated that at 
least 20 % of a farmer's arable land must be set aside for 
a period of at least five years, with provision for him to 
terminate his commitment after three years; 
Whereas, given the greater need to protect the envi­
ronment and to maintain the countryside, Member States 
should take necessary measures, if necessary to be 
defrayed by the beneficiary, to keep set-aside land in 
good agriculture! condition; 
Whereas, in the interests of making efficient use of the 
Community's farming resources, Member States should 
be allowed, for an experimental period, to authorize land 
which has been set aside to be used for grazing for 
extensive live-stock farming or for growing lentils, 
chick-peas or vetches; whereas in both cases the amount 
of the aid should allow for the reduction in the loss of 
income; 
Whereas is should be left to Member States to set the 
amount of the aid per hectare of land set aside, in the 
light of the income losses actually sustained and in 
accordance with criteria to be laid down within the 
framework of the detailed rules for applying these 
arrangements; whereas, on the one hand, the level of aid 
must be fixed so that it is sufficiently high to provide 
farmers with a real incentive to set aside some of their 
land; whereas, on the other hand, the aid should not 
exceed the level necessary to offset the loss of income 
resulting from the set-aside of the land; whereas, to this 
end, a framework should be laid down for setting 
minimum and maximum amounts; 
Whereas, to provide an additional incentive to those 
farmers who set aside large areas, that is, at least 30 % 
of their arable land, such farmers should be exempted, in 
respect of a quantity of 20 tonnes, from the co-responsi­
bility levy provided for in Article 4 and the additional 
co-responsibility levy provided for in Article 4b (2) of 
Council Regulation (EEC) No 2727/75 of 29 October 
1975 on the common organization of the market in 
cereals ('), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No . . . 
(') OJ No L 281, 1. 11. 1975, p. 1. 
27. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/9 
Whereas the European Council has requested the 
Commission to explore all possibilities of stepping up the 
use of agricultural raw materials for non-food ends; 
Whereas possibilities for non-food use are sufficiently 
advanced, technically and economically, in the case of 
cereals; 
Whereas the realization of such possibilities enables 
farmers to turn towards new outlets; whereas, in order 
to encourage them in this direction, cereals must be 
made available at attractive prices; 
Whereas the set-aside of arable land should accordingly 
be encouraged by providng for specific aid for the use of 
arable land for non-food ends; 
Whereas an aid scheme, designed to encourage farmers 
to embark upon conversion and extensification of 
production, may contribute towards adjusting the various 
production sectors to market requirements, in particular 
those in which there is a surplus; 
Whereas provision should be made for compensation on 
the basis of the actual reduction in production due to 
extensification or conversion, allowing for the main­
tenance of the incomes of farmers who have undertaken 
to reduce production; 
Whereas agricultural structure in the Community is 
typified by the existence of a large number of holdings 
which lack the structural conditions which would ensure 
a fair income and living conditions; 
Whereas, in the future, the only holdings capable of 
adjusting to economic conditions will be those on which 
the farmer has adequate vocational skill and competence, 
and on which profitability is verified by accounts and by 
a physical improvement plan; 
Whereas the aim of Community investment aid is to 
modernize agricultural holdings and thus improve their 
competitiveness in the context of the rational devel­
opment of agricultural production; whereas this aspect of 
the structural policy must be adjusted so as to permit the 
modernization and diversification of agriculture while 
remaining consistent with the measures taken to limit 
surplus production; 
Whereas, in order to qualify for Community investment 
aid, a farmer must normally practise farming as his main occupation, that is, he must devote at least half of his 
working time to his holding and derive at least half of 
his income therefrom; whereas investment aid should, 
however, be extended to persons who do not practise 
farming as their main occupation provided that on their 
holding they engage in forestry, tourism or craft acti­
vities or activities designed to safeguard the environment 
and maintain the countryside; 
Whereas, in the present economic situation, investment 
aid should be concentrated on holdings where the labour 
income is less than comparable incomes, and which 
therefore are in greatest need of such aid; 
Whereas the adjustment of farm structures by an 
improvement in productivity resulting in an increase in 
production is confronted by insurmountable limits 
because of the existing state of the market for many agri­
cultural products; whereas investment aid is not intended 
solely to increase production capacity but also to 
improve the quality of production facilities; whereas it 
appears necessary to concentrate such aid on those 
investments which allow for a reduction in production 
costs and for the improvement in living and working 
conditions or which aim at conversion of production; 
whereas such aid may also be granted for investments 
aimed at finding new sources of income, such as tourism 
or craft activities or the farm-based manufacture and sale 
of farm products, and to investments aimed at improving 
conditions for the hygiene and welfare of animals and at 
safeguarding and improving the environment; 
Whereas, in addition, the objective of market balance in 
the Community requires that specific conditions be 
attached to the granting of investment aid in the pig, 
milk and beef and veal production sectors; whereas it is 
indispensable in accordance with this objective to 
prohibit investment aid in the poultrymeat and egg 
sectors; 
Whereas the grant of specific benefits to young farmers 
may facilitate not only their installation but also the 
structural adjustment of their holding after their first 
installation; 
Whereas the keeping of accounts is essential to the 
correct assessment of the financial and economic 
situation of holdings, and in particular of those 
undergoing modernization; whereas a financial incentive 
may encourage the keeping af accounts; 
Whereas, in the interests of rational production and of 
improvement in living conditions, encouragement should 
also be given to the formation of groups having as their 
purpose mutual aid between holdings, including the use 
of new technologies and practices for safeguarding and 
improving the environment and preserving the 
countryside and to the formation of groups which would 
introduce alternative farming practice such as organic 
techniques, integrated crop-protection techniques, 
No C 82/10 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
extensive techniques or a more rational joint use of agri­
cultural means of production, or group farming oper­
ations; 
Whereas in the same context it is also necessary to 
encourage the creation of agricultural associations whose 
objective is the establishment of replacement and 
management services; 
Whereas, on the basis of Directive 75/268/EEC of 28 
April 1975 on mountain and hill farming and farming in 
certain less-favoured areas ('), as last amended by Regu­
lation (EEC) No 797/85, the Council has adopted the 
Community lists of mountain and certain less-favoured 
areas, for which special measures adapted to their 
situation should be enacted at Community level, in 
particular in order to take account of the natural 
conditions of production and to ensure reasonable 
incomes for farmers in these regions; 
Whereas it may be essential, if the objectives assigned to 
farming in less-favoured regions are to be attained, that 
farmers permanently engaged in agriculture in such areas 
be paid annual allowances aimed at compensating for the 
permanent natural handicaps referred to in Directive 
75/268/EEC; whereas it should be left to Member States 
to fix the amount of such allowances according to the 
severity of the handicaps involved and taking account of 
the economic situation and farmers' incomes within the 
limits and conditions fixed for the different types of 
areas, both as to the amounts which may be paid and the 
types of production which may be covered; 
Whereas, in order to reduce the drawbacks both in terms 
of markets and the environment, the allowance should be 
granted for only 1,4 livestock units (LU) per hectare of 
the total forage area of the holding; whereas in addition, 
as regards the maximum amount of Community aid per 
holding, the administrative difficulties should be 
overcome by replacing the existing scheme by a simpler 
one designed to concentrate the Community's efforts on 
those holdings which are in greatest need, that is, the 
Community contribution would be restricted to the equi­
valent of 120 units, be they livestock units or area units; 
Whereas the rationalization of holdings and the need to 
preserve the countryside necessitate the granting of aid 
for joint investment schemes in the areas covered by the 
compensatory allowance in particular for fodder 
(') OJ No L 128, 19. 5. 1975, p. 1. production and for land improvement and capital 
equipment for pasture and hill grazing; 
Whereas farmers in areas that are sensitive from the 
point of view of protection of the environment or preser­
vation of the landscape are in a position to perform a 
valuable service to society as a whole; whereas the intro­
duction of specific measures may encourage farmers to 
introduce or retain agricultural production practices that 
are compatible with the increased need to protect or 
preserve the countryside and at the same time help, 
by means of reorientation of their holdings, towards 
realization of the agricultural policy objective of 
restoring balance on the market in certain products; 
Whereas the market situation for agricultural products, 
and the limitations for the adjustment of farm structures 
resulting therefrom, require that the agricultural 
measures be complemented by special forestry measures 
to assist these holdings, such as the afforestation of farm 
land and improving the exploitation of wooded areas; 
Whereas an annual premium per hectare afforested, to 
compensate for the loss of income due to the affor­
estation of agricultural land, may encourage farmers to 
afforest such land; 
Whereas it should be for the Member States to lay down 
the conditions governing the afforestation of agricultural 
land, 
Whereas the forestry measures are normally linked and 
can contribute 
— to the conservation and improvement of the soil, the 
fauna and flora and to the surface and underground 
water systems, 
— to the productivity of agricultural land by an 
improvement of the natural conditions of agricultural 
production and to better use of farm labour; 
Whereas the evolution and the specialization of agri­
culture require a substantial improvement in the standard 
of the general, technical and economic training for the 
existing farm population, especially as regards new 
orientations of management, of production, or of 
marketing, as well as for young people about to be 
installed or recently installed on a holding; 
27. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/11 
Whereas the insufficient financial means available for 
vocational training and further training, and, in 
particular, that of the leaders and managers of cooper­
atives and agricultural groups, impedes the structural 
adjustment of agriculture in many regions; 
Whereas, in accordance with the principles of the reform 
of the Structural Funds, and in particular with Articles 5 
and 11 of Regulation (EEC) No 2052/88, the EAGGF 
co-finances national aid schemes by reimbursing expen­
diture incurred by Member States; whereas the rate of 
Community part-financing may be differentiated on the 
basis of the criteria and within the limits laid down in 
Article 13 of the said Regulation; whereas these rates are 
to be determined by the Commission; 
Whereas, although the scheme for set-aside falls within 
the common measure for improving the efficiency of 
agricultural structures, its main aim is nonetheless to help 
in re-establishing the balance between output and the 
market's capacity to absorb it; whereas the scheme is 
thus intended to supplement measures adopted by the 
Council under the various market organizations in order 
to stabilize those markets; whereas it should therefore be 
laid down that the scheme for set-aside is to be financed 
in equal pans from the Guarantee and Guidance 
Sections of the EAGGF; whereas, however, in order to 
facilitate the administrative and financial management of 
the scheme and by way of exception, the financial 
methods applying to the Guarantee Section should be 
applied for expenditure financed by the Guidance 
Section; 
Whereas, for the purposes of administrative 
management. Member States should be authorized to lay 
down additional conditions for the execution of the 
measures provided for in this Regulation; 
Whereas to facilitate structural change in the agricultural 
sector in the territory of the former German Democratic 
Republic, involving both the creation of family farms and 
the reorganization of cooperative farms, provision must 
be made for some temporary adjustments to the rules on 
the acceleration of structural adjustment in the context 
of the reform of the common agricultural policy, 
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: 
Article 1 
1. With a view to expediting the adjustment of agri­
cultural structures in the Community pursuant to 
Objective 5 (a) as set out in Article 1 of Regulation 
(EEC) No 2052/88, a common measure within the 
meaning of Article 2 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 
4256/88, to be implemented by the Member States, is 
hereby introduced with the following objectives: (i) to help restore the balance between production and 
market capacity; 
(ii) to help improve the efficiency of farms by 
developing and reorganizing their structures and by 
promoting supplementary activities; 
(iii) to maintain a viable agricultural community and 
thus help develop the social fabric of rural areas by 
ensuring a fair standard of living for farmers and by 
offsetting the effects of natural handicaps in 
mountain areas and less-favoured areas; 
(iv) to contribute to the safeguarding of the environment 
and the preservation of the countryside, including 
the long-term conservation of natural farming 
resources. 
2. In accordance with Articles 5 (2) (b) and 11 (4) of 
Regulation (EEC) No 2052/88, the EAGGF, hereinafter 
called 'the Fund', Guidance Section, shall, acting under 
the common measure referred to in paragraph 1, provide 
part-financing for national aid schemes by reimbursing, 
on the terms laid down in Title X, expenditure incurred 
by the Member States on: 
(a) schemes designed to encourage the conversion and 
extensification of production; 
(b) measures relating to investments in agricultural 
holdings, in particular to reduce production costs, to 
improve the living and working conditions of 
, farmers, to promote the diversification of their 
activities, including the marketing of products on the 
farm, and to preserve and improve the natural envi­
ronment; 
(c) measures to encourage the setting-up of young 
farmers; 
(d) back-up measures to assist agricultural holdings, 
involving the introduction of accounts and the 
launching of groups, services and facilities for the 
benefit of serveral holdings; 
(e) measures to support farm incomes and to maintain 
viable agricultural communities in mountain or less-
favoured areas by means of agricultural aid for 
offsetting natural handicaps; 
(f) measures to protect the environment and safeguard 
the countryside by encouraging appropriate farming 
methods; 
No C 82/12 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
(g) forestry measures to assist agricultural holdings; (b) growing lentils, chick-peas and vetches. 
(h) vocational training projects connected with the 
measures referred to in paragraphs (a) to (d). 
In accordance with Title X, the Guarantee and 
Guidance Sections of the EAGGF shall contribute 
equally, under the common measure referred to in 
paragraph 1, towards measures linked with the scheme 
to encourage the set-aside of arable land. In the case of 
the share of expenditure financed by the Guidance 
Section, the financial rules for the application of the 
common measure shall, by way of exception, be those 
which apply to the Guarantee Section. 
TITLE I 
Set-aside of arable land 
Article 2 
1. Member States shall introduce an aid scheme 
designed to encourage the set-aside of arable land. 
2. Aid for set-aside may be granted for all arable land, 
irrespective of the crops grown, provided that the land 
has in fact been cultivated for a reference period to be 
determined. Land growing crops not covered by a 
common market organization is excluded from the said 
scheme. 
3. The arable land withdrawn from production must 
represent at least 20 % of the arable land referred to in 
paragraph 2 on the farm concerned. For a period of at 
least five years, with the possibility of termination after 
three years, such land must be withdrawn from culti­
vation, that is: 4. Member States may provide for a specific aid 
scheme for the use of arable land for non-food purposes, 
these being the manufacture, within the Community, of 
products not intended for human or for animal 
consumption. 
The following shall be eligible under the aid scheme: 
— recipients under the aid scheme provided for in 
paragraph 1 on condition that the arable land set 
aside represents at least 30 °/o of the arable land of 
the holding in question, 
— arable land on the holding which is the subject of a 
set-aside undertaking, extending to at most 50 % of 
the area set aside and on condition that it is sown to 
cereals, and that the whole cereal production of such 
areas is intended for non-food purposes. 
Producers may not qualify for the specific aid unless 
they submit a contract concluded with a processing 
enterprise guaranteeing the non-food use of the products 
in question within the Community. 
Should a group of farmers arrange to supply a single 
processing enterprise on a contract basis, and on 
condition that the arable land withdrawn from 
production representats at least 40 % of the total arable 
land and jointly fulfils the requirement provided for in 
the second indent of the second subparagraph, this 
additional 20 % or more, as compared with the 
minimum percentage provided for in the first 
subparagraph of paragraph 3, may be respected by the 
group as a whole rather than by the individual farms. 
— left fallow with rotation possibilities, 
wooded, or 
— used for non-agricultural purposes. Contracts relating to consignments which qualify for the 
production refund provided for in Article 11a of Regu­
lation (EEC) No 2727/75 or the aid provided for in 
Article lib thereof shall not be eligible for the specific 
aid. 
Member States shall take the necessary measures to keep 
the land in good agricultural condition. These measures 
may include an obligation on the farmer to ensure that 
the agricultural land withdrawn from production is 
maintained with a view to protecting the environment 
and natural resources. 
Member States may, within all or some of their territory, 
authorize the use of set-aside arable land for: 
(a) grazing for extensive live-stock farming; The specific aid shall be paid for the duration of the 
contract, up to a maximum period of five years from the 
first supply of products to the processor in accordance 
with the delivery contract. 
One year after the effective implementation of the 
scheme by the Member States, the Commission will 
forward a report to the European Parliament and the 
Council. At this time, if it is deemed necessary, the 
Commission will make a proposal to modify the scheme 
in order to increase its efficiency, taking into account the 
response of farmers and processing enterprises, the 
27. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/13 
economic viability and environmental impact of the 
scheme, possible control problems, in particular, with 
regard to by-products, and any other relevant aspect. At 
the same time the Commission, in the light of the results 
of the demonstration projects, will examine the possi­
bility of extending the scheme to products other than 
cereals. 
5. Member States shall determine: 
(a) the amount of the aid to be paid per hectare of land 
set aside, on the basis of the loss of income resulting 
from the land being set aside, whilst ensuring that 
the amount of the aid is sufficient to make it 
effective, on the one hand, and that it does not 
provide excessive compensation, on the other. They 
shall also determine the way in which that aid is to 
be paid. The maximum amount of aid to be paid 
shall be set at ECU 606 per hectare, per annum, and 
the minimum amount shall be set at ECU 100 per 
hectare, per annum. The Commission can, in excep­
tional cases in accordance with the procedure laid 
down in Article 30, set the maximum amount at 
ECU 700 per hectare, per annum. 
In the case of authorization, as provided for in the 
third subparagraph of paragraph 3, the amount of 
the aid shall be adjusted to take account of the 
reduction in the loss of income. 
The specific aid provided for in paragraph 4 to be 
paid per hectare shall be determined in accordance 
with the criteria laid down in the first subparagraph. 
The maximum amount shall be fixed at 70 % of the 
aid provided for in the first subparagraph. For the 
areas in question, the specific aid shall replace aid 
for set-aside; 
(b) the reference period referred to in paragraph 2; 
(c) the undertaking to be given by the beneficiary for 
the purposes in particular of verifying that, 
throughout the entire farm, the area farmed has in 
fact been reduced. 
6. Producers who, for the land set aside, receive aid 
within the meaning of this Title may not receive aid 
within the meaning of Titles II or III for such land. 
7. Producers who set aside at least 30 % of their 
arable land shall be exempted, in respect of a quantity of 
20 tonnes, from the co-responsibility levy referred to in 
Article 4 of Regulation (EEC) No 2727/75 and from the 
additional co-responsibility levy provided for in Article 
4b (2) of Regulation (EEC) No 2727/75. 
An individual farmer, as well as a group of farmers, 
qualifying for the specific aid provided for in paragraph 
4, withdrawing at least 40 % of arable land from 
production for set-aside purposes, shall benefit from 
exemption from the co-responsibility levies for the entire 
volume of cereals supplied to the processing enterprises. 
This exemption does not preclude the possible exemption 
referred to in the first subparagraph. Detailed rules for applying this exemption shall be 
adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in 
Articles 4 and 4b of Regulation (EEC) No 2727/75. 
8. The Commission, acting in accordance with the 
procedure laid down in Article 30, shall adopt detailed 
rules for applying this Title, specifying in particular: 
— the minimum area to be set aside, 
— in the case of authorization so provided for in the 
third subparagraph of paragraph 3, the maximum 
stocking rate per hectare of grazing and the rate by 
which the aid is to be reduced in accordance with the 
second subparagraph of paragraph 5 (a), 
— the criteria to be complied with by the Member 
States when fixing the aid, 
— the criteria for defining the beneficiary and for deter­
mining the reference period referred to in paragraph 
2, 
— the special detailed rules on the granting of the 
specific aid provided for in paragraph 4, and in 
particular those on the exclusion of certain uses, the 
limitations to be imposed with regard to by-products, 
the determination of the ceiling and the minimum 
areas which may qualify for the aid, delivery 
contracts, controls including, where appropriate, 
checks on the processing undertaking, and penalties 
to be laid down where obligations are not complied 
with. 
9. Member States shall take the necesssary measures 
to ensure that adequate publicity is given to the oppor­
tunities afforded by the aid scheme. 
TITLE II 
Extensification of production 
Article 3 
1. Member States shall introduce an aid scheme to 
promote extensification for surplus products. Surplus 
products shall be defined as products for which there are 
consistently, at Community level, no normal unsub-
sidized outlets. 
2. Extensification shall be defined as a reduction of at 
least 20 %, for a period of a least five years, in the 
output of the product concerned without any increase in 
other surplus production capacity. However, such an 
increase shall be permitted in proportion to any increase 
in the utilized agricultural area of the farm. 
No C 82/14 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
3. Member States shall determine: 
(a) the conditions for granting the aid, including those 
for reducing output of the various products. In the 
case of beef and veal, it may be stipulated that, in 
order to achieve the reduction in output referred to 
in paragraph 2, the number of livestock units must be 
reduced by at least 20 %. In the case of wine, it may 
be stipulated that the yield per hectare must be 
reduced by at least 20 %; 
(b) the amount of the aid, on the basis of the under­
taking given by the beneficiary and the loss of 
income incurred, and the way in which it is to be 
paid; 
(c) the reference period for the product concerned, for 
the purposes of calculating the reduction; 
(d) the undertaking to be given by the beneficiary for 
the purposes of, in particular, verifying that 
production has in fact been reduced. 
4. Where the scheme is applied in the milk sector, the 
reduction in output shall be calculated on the basis of the 
reference quantity allocated under Council Regulation 
(EEC) No 804/68 of 27 June 1968 on the common 
organization of the market in milk and milk products ('). 
Reference quantities suspended pursuant to this 
paragraph may not be reused or reallocated for the 
duration of the suspension. 
The eligible amount of the compensation paid under 
Council Regulation (EEC) No 775/87 of 16 March 1987 
temporarily withdrawing a proportion of the reference 
quantities mentioned in Article 5c (1) of Regulation 
(EEC) No 804/68 (2) shall be deducted from the eligible 
amount of the aid. 
5. Products who receive aid within the meaning of 
this Title may not receive aid within the meaning of 
Titles I or III for the land affected by extensification. 
6. The Commission, acting in accordance with the 
procedure laid down in Article 30, shall lay down 
detailed rules for applying this Title, specifying in 
particular the maximum amounts of yearly aid eligible 
under the Fund. 
TITLE III 
Conversion of production 
Article 4 
1. Member States shall introduce an aid scheme 
designed to encourage the conversion of production 
towards non-surplus products. 
2. The Council, acting on a proposal from the 
Commission by a qualified majority, shall adopt a list of 
products towards which production may be converted 
and shall lay down the conditions and procedures for the 
granting of the aid. 
(') OJ No L 148, 28. 6. 1968, p. 13. 
(2) OJ No L 78, 20. 3. 1987. p. 5. 3. Producers who receive within the meaning of this 
Title may not receive aid within the meaning of Titles I 
or II for the land in question. 
4. The Commission, acting in accordance with the 
procedure laid down in Article 30, shall adopt detailed 
rules for applying this Title. 
TITLE IV 
System of aid for investments in agricultural holdings 
Article 5 
1. In order to contribute to the improvement of agri­
cultural incomes and of living, working and production 
conditions on agricultural holdings, Member States shall, 
pursuant to the common measure referred to in Article 1, 
introduce a system of investment aid to agricultural 
holdings where the farmer: 
(a) practises farming as his main occupation. 
Member States may, however, apply the aid scheme 
referred to in Articles 5 to 9 to farmers who, while 
they do not practise farming as their main occu­
pation, derive at least 50 % of their total income 
from farming, forestry, tourism or craft activities or 
activities for maintaining the countryside which 
qualify for public aid, carried out on the holding, 
provided that the proportion of income deriving 
directly from farming on the holding is not less than 
25 % of the farmer's total income and that off-farm 
activities do not account for more than half the 
farmer's total working time; 
(b) possesses adequate occupational skill and 
competence; 
(c) submits a plan for materially improving his holding. 
This plan must show by means of specific calcu­
lations that the investments are justified from the 
point of view of the situation of the holding and its 
economy and that implementation of the plan will 
bring about a lasting improvement of that situation, 
and in particular of the labour income per man-work 
(MWU) employed on the holding, or is necessary for 
maintaining the present level of labour income per 
MWU. 
(d) undertakes to keep simplified accounts entailing at 
least: 
— the recording of the revenue and expenditure of 
the holding, with supporting documents, 
— the drawing up of an annual balance sheet of the 
assets and liabilities of the holding. 
27. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/15 
However, in the less-favoured areas determined in 
accordance with Articles 2 and 3 of Directive 
75/268/EEC, Spain, Greece and Italy, as regards the 
Mezzogiorno including the islands, and Portugal, as 
regards its entire territory, shall be authorized to accept 
improvement plans submitted until 31 December 1991 by 
holdings which do not satisfy the condition laid down in 
this point, provided that the volume of work on the 
holding does not require more than the equivalent of one 
MWU, and that projected investments do not exceed 
ECU 25 000. 
2. The aid system referred to in paragraph 1 shall be 
limited to agricultural holdings: 
— where labour income per MWU is less than the 
reference income referred to in paragraph 3, 
— where improvement plans, as referred to in paragraph 
1 (c), do not provide for a labour income in excess of 
120 % of such reference income. 
Member States may restrict the aid system referred to in 
paragraph 1 to agricultural holdings which have a family 
character. 
3. Member States shall fix the reference income 
referred to in paragraph 2 at a level not exceeding the 
average gross wage of non-agricultural workers in the 
region. 
4. The improvement plan referred to in paragraph 1 
shall contain at least: 
— a description of the initial situation, 
— a description of the situation upon completion of the 
plan, drawn up on the basis of an estimative budget, 
— an indication of the measures and in particular the 
investments planned. 
5. Member States shall, for the purposes of this Regu­
lation, define what is meant by the expression 'farmer 
practising farming as his main occupation'. 
This definition shall, in the case of a natural person, 
include at least the condition that the proportion of 
income derived from the agricultural holding must be 
50 % or more of the farmer's total income and that the 
working time devoted to work unconnected with the 
holding must be less than half of the farmer's total 
working time. 
On the basis of the criteria referred to in the foregoing 
subparagraph, the Member States shall define what is 
meant by this same expression in the case of persons 
other than natural persons. competence of the farmer, by reference to the standard 
of agricultural training received and/or to a minimum 
period of farming experience. 
Article 6 
1. The aid scheme referred to in Article 5 may be 
applicable to investments relating to: 
— the qualitative improvement and conversion of 
production in line with market requirements, 
— the diversification of activities on the holding, in 
particular by the introduction of tourism and craft 
activities or the manufacture and sale of farm 
produce on the farm, 
— the adaptation of the holding for the purposes of 
reducing production costs and saving energy, 
— the improvement of living and working conditions, 
— the improvement of the hygiene conditions of 
livestock enterprises and compliance with Community 
animal welfare standards, or, failing these, national 
standards until Community standards are adopted, 
— the protection and improvement of the environment. 
2. The investment aid referred to in paragraph 1 may 
be refused or limited where the effect of the investments 
concerned is to increase the holding's production of 
products for which no normal market outlets can be 
found. 
The Council, acting on a proposal from the Commission 
by a qualified majority, shall adopt the necessary 
measures and shall define the products falling within the 
meaning of the preceding subparagraph. 
3. Except where decisions subsequently taken 
pursuant to paragraph 2 provide otherwise, the aid 
provided for in paragraph 1 shall not be granted in 
respect of investments relating to milk production the 
effect of which is to exceed the reference quantity 
determined in accordance with rules on the additional 
levy for milk and milk products, unless an additional 
reference quantity has been granted beforehand as 
provided for in Article 4 (1) (c) of Council Regulation 
(EEC) No 857/84 (') or obtained by means of a transfer 
in accordance with Article 7 (1) of that Regulation. 
In such cases, the granting of aid shall be subject to the 
condition that the investment does not serve to raise the 
number of dairy cows to more than 40 per MWU and 
more than 60 per holding or, where the holding has 
6. In addition, Member States shall lay down the 
criteria for assessing the occupational skill and (') OJ No L 90, 1. 4. 1984, p. 13. 
NoC 82/16 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
more than 1,5 MWU, does not serve to raise the number 
of dairy cows by more than 15 %. 
On a proposal from the Commission, the Council shall 
adopt, at the latest six months after the expiry of Regu­
lation (EEC) No 857/84, the conditions to which the 
granting of aid to investments entailing an increase in 
milk production shall be subject after the said Regulation 
expires. 
4. Except where decisions subsequently taken 
pursuant to paragraph 2 provide otherwise, the aid 
provided for in paragraph 1 granted for investments 
relating to the pig production sector the effect of which 
is to increase production capacity shall be restricted, as 
regards requests submitted before 1 January 1987, to 
investments serving to reach 500 places for fattening pigs 
per holding, and as regards requests submitted between 1 
January 1987 and 31 March 1988, to investments serving 
to reach 400 places. 
As regards applications submitted after 31 March 1988 
and before 1 January 1991, the number of pig places that 
may be achieved and be eligible for the aid referred to in 
paragraph 1 shall be 300 places per holding. In addition, 
the granting of aid shall be subject to the conditions that 
the total number of pig places after realization of the 
investment does not exceed 800 places per holding. 
The place required by one breeding sow shall be deemed 
to correspond to 6,5 fattening pig places. 
The Council, acting on a proposal from the Commission 
by a qualified majority, shall not later than 31 December 
1990 adopt the arrangements applicable to requests made 
as from 1 January 1991. 
If the Council has not taken a decision by that date, the 
granting of investment aid having the effect of increasing 
pig production capacity shall be suspended. 
Furthermore, where an improvement plan provides for 
investment in the pig production sector, the granting of 
aid in respect of such an investment shall be subject to 
the condition that, upon completion of the plan, at least 
the equivalent of 35 % of the quantity of feed consumed 
by pigs can be produced on the holding. 
5. Save where decisions subsequently taken pursuant 
to paragraph 2 provide otherwise, aid as provided for in 
paragraph 1 and granted for investments relating to the 
beef sector, other than aid for safeguarding the envi­
ronment, shall be restricted to livestock enterprises where 
the beefcattle stocking rate does not, at the end of the 
plan, exceed three livestock units (LSU) per hectare of 
total forage area used for feeding the cattle; the LSU 
conversion table is given in the Annex I. However, until 31 December 1991, this limit of three 
LSUs shall not be applied when evidence is adduced that 
there is no proposal to increase production capacity. 
Before 31 December 1991, the Commission shall 
examine the application of this provision and submit a 
report to the Council. 
6. The investment aid referred to in paragraph 1 may 
not be granted in the egg and poultry sector. 
Article 7 
1. The system of aid for investments referred to in 
Article 6 (1) shall cover aid in the form of capital grants 
or the equivalent thereof in interest rate subsidies or 
deferred repayments, or a combination of these, in 
respect of the investments necessary to carry out the 
improvement plan but with the exception of expenditure 
incurred in buying: 
— land, 
— livestock in the form of pigs, poultry and calves for 
slaughter. 
With regard to the purchase of livestock, only the first 
purchase for which provision is made in the improvement 
plan may be covered. 
The system of aid may also cover guarantees for loans 
contracted and the interest thereon, where the security 
or personal guarantee provided is insufficient. 
2. Capital grants as provided for in paragraph 1 may 
apply to a total investment of ECU 60 606 per MWU or 
ECU 121 212 per holding. Member States may set these 
limits at lower levels. 
The value of the aid provided for in paragraph 1, 
expressed as a percentage of the amount of the 
investment, shall not exceed: 
(a) in the case of the areas referred to in Articles 2 and 3 
of Directive 75/268/EEC: 
— 45 % for fixed assets, 
— 30 % for other types of investments; 
(b) in the case of other areas: 
— 35 % for fixed assets, 
— 20 % for other types of investment. 
Where the aid is not granted in the form of a capital 
grant, Member States shall draw up each year a table 
showing the value of the aid, expressed as a percentage 
of the amount of the investment, taking into 
consideration the average annual rate of interest on 
17. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities NoC 82/17 
non-subsidized loans, the value of the interest subsidy, 
the term of the loans, deferred interest subsidies and 
repayments and any other factor used for expressing the 
aid in grant equivalent terms. 
The Council, acting on a proposal from the Commission 
by a qualified majority, may authorize a Member State, 
for a specified period, to grant aid exceeding the level 
specified in the preceding subparagraph, if such action is 
warranted by the situation on the capital market in that 
Member State. 
However, until 31 December 1991, the value of the 
maximum aid referred to in the second subparagraph 
shall be increased by 10 % of the amount of the 
investments in Spain, Greece, Ireland, Italy and Portugal 
for investments shown in the improvement plans 
submitted by that date. 
Article 8 
Member States may grant the aid referred to in Article 7 
to farmers who, after completing an improvement plan, 
continue to fulfil the conditions laid down in Article 5 
(1), provided that the conditions laid down in Article 6 
are met. However, the number of plans per beneficiary 
which may be accepted during a six-year period shall be 
limited to two and the total investment which may be 
considered in connection with reimbursement of aid 
pursuant to Article 33 shall be limited to ECU 60 606 per 
MWU and ECU 121 212 per holding for that period. 
Article 9 
1. An improvement plan within the meaning of Article 
5 (1) (c) may relate to an individual holding or to a 
number of holdings grouped together with a view to the 
merger of all or part of these holdings. 
2. In the case of group-operated holdings, the 
improvement plan shall concern the group-operated 
holding and any parts of holdings which continue to be 
run by the group members. 
3. Member States may grant the aid referred to in 
Article 7 to group-operated holdings if all the members 
of such holdings satisfy the conditions laid down in 
Article 5 (1). 
4. Except for aquaculture, the ceilings laid down in 
Articles 7 (2) and 8 may be multiplied by the number of 
holdings belonging to the group. The ceilings laid down 
in Article 6 (3) and (4) may only be multiplied by the 
number of such holdings in the case of a holding 
resulting from a complete merger. However, these ceilings may not exceed: 
— 120 cows, 
— three times the number of pig places resulting from 
the application of Article 6 (4), 
— ECU 363 636 of investment (l) 
per group-operated holding, including any parts of 
holdings which continue to be run by the group 
members. 
5. In accordance with the procedure laid down in 
Article 30, the Commission may authorize a Member 
State to grant the aid referred to in Article 7, under the 
conditions stipulated in paragraph 4 above, to agri­
cultural cooperatives whose sole objective is to manage 
an agricultural holding. At the same time, the 
Commission shall lay down specific conditions for the 
granting of aid to such cooperatives, as well as the 
conditions under which and the limits within which the 
volume of investment provided for in paragraph 4 may 
be exceeded. 
6. Member States shall lay down the conditions to be 
met by group-operated holdings, in particular: 
— their legal form, 
— their minimum duration, which must not be less than 
six years, 
— the formation of their capital, 
— the participation of members in management. 
Article 10 
1. Member States may grant setting-up aid to young 
farmers under 40 years of age on condition that: 
— the young farmer sets up as head of the holding, 
which means that he assumes civil and tax liability or 
joint liability for the management of the holding and 
the social status accorded in the Member State 
concerned to self-employed heads of holding, 
(') Amount adapted according to the increase from ECU 
120 000 to ECU 121 212 (Regulation (EEC) No 2156/89). 
No C 82/18 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
— the young farmer sets up as a farmer practising 
farming as his main occupation or begins, after 
having set up as a part-time farmer, to practise 
farming as his main occupation, 
— the occupational qualifications of the young farmer 
are at a satisfactory level at the time of his setting up 
or at the latest two years thereafter, and 
— the holding requires a volume of work equivalent to 
at least one MWU, which must be achieved at the 
latest two years after the setting up. 
2. The setting-up aid may comprise: 
(a) a single premium of a maximum eligible amount of 
ECU 10 000. The premium may be paid over a 
period not exceeding five years. Member States may 
replace the premium by an equivalent interest 
subsidy; 
(b) an interest subsidy on loans taken out with a view to 
covering the costs arising from setting up. 
The rate of interest subsidy shall be not more than 
5 % for a period of 15 years; the capitalized value of 
the interest subsidy may not exceed ECU 10 000. 
Member States may pay, in the form of a grant, the 
equivalent of the interest subsidy resulting from the 
volume and duration of the loans taken out. 
3. Member States shall define: 
— the conditions governing setting up, 
— specific conditions in a situation where a young 
farmer does not set up as sole head of the holding, in 
particular where he sets up as a member of an asso­
ciation or cooperative whose principal object is the 
management of an agricultural holding; these 
conditions must be equivalent to those required for 
setting up as a sole head of a holding, 
— the agricultural training which a young farmer must 
have had at the time of his setting up, or must 
achieve within two years thereafter, in order for the 
premium to be eligible under the Fund, 
— the conditions under which it will be recognized that 
the volume of work equivalent to at least one MWU 
has been achieved within the maximum time of two 
years after setting up, 
— the amount of the setting-up aid. Article 11 
Member States may grant young farmers under 40 years 
of age additional aid for investments to be made under a 
material improvement plan within the meaning of Article 
5 (1) (c), amounting to a maximum of 25 % of the aid 
granted pursuant to Article 7 (2), provided that the 
young farmer submits the improvement plan within five 
years of setting up and provided that he possesses the 
occupational qualifications referred to in Article 10 (1). 
Article 12 
1. Aid for investments in agricultural holdings 
satisfying the conditions laid down in Articles 5 and 9 
which exceeds the amounts laid down in Article 7 (2) 
increased, where appropriate, by the aid referred to in 
Article 11, are hereby prohibited, with the exception of 
aid: 
— for the construction of farm buildings, 
— for the relocation of farm buildings where this is 
done in the public interest, 
— for land improvement operations, 
— for investments for the purposes of environmental 
protection and improvement, 
provided that the granting of these higher amounts does 
not infringe the provisions of Article 6 of this Regulation 
and Articles 92 to 94 of the Treaty. 
2. Where Member States grant aid for investments in 
holdings which do not satisfy the conditions laid down in 
Article 5, such aid must be at least one-quarter less than 
the aid granted pursuant to Article 7, with the exception 
of aid for: 
— energy saving, 
— land improvement, 
which may reach the amounts laid down in Article 7 (2). 
Such aid may be granted for a total investment of ECU 
60 606 per MWU and ECU 121 212 per holding for a 
period of six years. 
3. Notwithstanding paragraph 2, Member States may 
grant temporary aid for investments in small agricultural 
holdings which do not satisfy the conditions laid down in 
Article 5 (1). 
This temporary aid may be granted for investments up to 
ECU 25 252 only and may not be granted on terms more 
favourable than those provided for in Article 7, plus, 
where appropriate, the aid provided for in Article 11. 
17. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/19 
4. Aid for investments in holdings shall be prohibited 
where such investments do not satisfy the conditions laid 
down in Article 6 and where Article 7 does not permit 
the granting of such aid. 
However, the aid referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 may 
be granted: 
— for investments in the sector of geese and ducks for 
the production of foie gras, 
— for the purchase of cattle which may be encouraged 
under Article 7(1), where it is not the first purchase. 
Moreover, as regards the holdings referred to in para­
graphs 2 and 3, the number of dairy cows referred to in 
Article 6 (3) shall be 40 per MWU and per holding. 
5. The prohibitions and limitations provided for in this 
Article shall not apply to: 
— aid for land purchase, 
— subsidized operating loans the term of which does 
not exceed one marketing year, 
— aid for the purchase of male breeding stock, 
— securities for loans contracted, including interest, 
— aid for investment in the protection and improvement 
of the environment, provided that it does not entail 
an increase in production, 
— measures in respect of investments for the purpose of 
improving hygienic conditions or of compliance with 
Community animal welfare standards, or national 
standards where these are stricter from Community 
standards, provided that these investments do not 
give rise to an increase in production, 
provided that they are granted in accordance with 
Articles 92 to 94 of the Treaty. 
TITLE V 
Back-up measures to assist agricultural holdings 
Article 13 
1. Member States may introduce a scheme to 
encourage the introduction of accounting on agricultural 
holdings. 
The scheme shall involve granting to farmers whose main 
occupation is farming, and who apply therefor, an aid spread over at least the first four years during which 
management accounts are kept on their holdings, on the 
understanding that accounts will be kept for at least four 
years. 
Member States shall determine the amount of such aid 
within a range of ECU 700 to ECU 1 050. 
2. The keeping of accounts referred to in paragraph 1 
shall: 
(a) comprise: 
— the preparation of annual opening and closing 
valuations, 
— the systematic and regular recording over the 
accounting year of the various transactions in 
cash or in kind concerning the holding; 
(b) conclude with the presentation each year of: 
— a description of the general characteristics of the 
holding, and in particular of the inputs, 
— a detailed balance sheet (assets and liabilities) and 
trading account (expenditure and income), 
— the necessary data, including in particular the 
earned income per MWU and the farmer's 
income, for assessing the efficiency of the 
management of the holding as a whole and the 
profitability of the main enterprises of the 
holding. 
3. Where a holding is chosen by bodies appointed by 
Member States for the collection of accountancy data for 
the purposes of information and scientific study, in 
particular within the framework of the Community 
accountancy data network, and the farmer is in receipt 
of aid as provided for in paragraph 1, he must undertake 
to make available to those bodies, under conditions of 
anonymity, the accountancy data relating to his holding. 
Article 14 
Member States may, on request, grant to recognized 
groups which have as their object: 
— mutual aid between holdings, including the use of 
new technologies and practices for safeguarding and 
improving the environment and preserving the 
countryside, 
— the introduction of alternative farming practices, 
— the more rational joint use of agricultural means of 
production, 
— the operation of a group holding, 
No C 82/20 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
and which are formed on or after 1 April 1985, 
launching aid as a contribution to their operating costs 
during not more than the first five years after their 
formation. 
Member States shall fix the amount of such aid by 
reference to the number of members and to the activity 
performed jointly, with the maximum amount being 
ECU 15 000 per recognized group. 
In addition, Member States shall determine the legal 
form of such groups and the provisions governing 
cooperation between members. 
Article 15 
1. Member States may, on request, grant launching 
aid to contribute to covering the management costs of 
agricultural associations having as their object the 
provision of farm relief services. 
2. In order to be eligible for the aid referred to in 
paragraph 1, the relief service must be approved by the 
Member States and employ at least one full-time worker 
who is fully qualified for the work he is called upon to 
perform. 
3. Member States shall lay down the conditions for 
the approval of services as referred to in paragraph 1, 
and in particular: 
— their legal form, 
— the provisions governing their management and 
accounting practices, 
— the type of replacement, which may comprise the 
replacement of the farmer, his spouse or an adult 
worker, 
— their minimum duration, which must not be less than 
10 years, 
— the minimum number of affiliated farmers. 
4. Member States shall fix the amount of the 
launching aid referred to in paragraph 1, which shall not 
exceed ECU 12 000 per relief worker employed on a 
full-time basis in the work referred to in paragraph 2. 
This amount shall be spread over the first five years of 
each worker's employment; it may be spread degressively 
over that period. 
Article 16 
1. Member States may, on request, grant launching 
aid to contribute to covering the management costs of 
agricultural associations having as their object the 
provision of farm management services. 2. The aid referred to in paragraph 1 shall be granted 
in respect of the work of staff responsible for analyzing 
accounting results and other data for the farmers. 
3. To be eligible for the aid referred to in para­
graph 1, farm management services must be approved by 
the Member State and must employ on a full-time basis 
at least one member of staff qualified for the work 
specified in paragraph 2. 
4. Member States shall lay down the conditions for 
the approval of services as referred to in paragraph 1, 
and in particular: 
— their legal form, 
— the provisions governing their management and 
accounting practices, 
— their minimum duration, which must not be less than 
10 years, 
— the minimum number of affiliated farmers. 
5. Member States shall fix the amount of the 
launching aid referred to in paragraph 1, which shall not 
exceed ECU 36 000 per member of staff employed on a 
full-time basis in the work specified in paragraph 2. This 
amount shall be spread over the first five years of each 
member of staffs employment; it may be spread 
degressively over this period. 
6. Member States may replace the system of launching 
aid provided for in paragraph 5 with a system of farm 
management aid for farmers practising farming as their 
main occupation who make use of the farm management 
services referred to in paragraph 1. 
In this event, Member States shall set the aid up to a 
maximum of ECU 500 to be spread over at least two 
years. 
TITLE VI 
Specific measures to assist mountain and hill farming and 
farming in certain less-favoured areas 
Article 17 
1. In regions which appear on the Community list of 
less-favoured farming areas within the meaning of 
Directive 75/268/EEC, Member States may grant an 
annual compensatory allowance to assist farming 
activities, such allowance to be fixed according to the 
permanent natural handicaps described in Article 3 of 
that Directive within the limits and subject to the 
conditions laid down in Articles 18 and 19 of this Regu­
lation. 
27. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/21 
2. The granting of such a compensatory allowance 
which exceeds those limits or which fails to satisfy the 
conditions laid down in Articles 18 and 19 shall be 
prohibited in the areas appearing on the list in para­
graph 1. 
Article 18 
1. Where Member States grant a compensatory 
allowance, farmers with at least three hectares of usable 
agricultural area who undertake to pursue .a farming 
activity in accordance with the aims of Article 1 of 
Directive 75/268/EEC for at least five years from the 
first payment of a compensatory allowance shall be 
eligible for such an allowance; where a farmer gives up 
farming and the area concerned continues to be worked, 
he may by released from such undertaking, he shall be 
released from such undertaking in cases of force majeure, 
for example where his property is compulsorily 
purchased or purchased in the public interest; in 
addition, farmers in receipt of a retirement pension shall 
be released from such undertaking. 
However, in the Mezzogiorno, including the islands, in 
the regions in the French overseas departements and in 
the Greek, Portuguese and Spanish regions, the 
minimum utilized agricultural area per holding shall be 
two hectares. 
2. Expenditure in respect of the compensatory 
allowance shall not be eligible for reimbursement by the 
Fund under Article 31 where the farmer is in receipt of a 
retirement pension. 
3. Member States may lay down additional or limiting 
conditions for the grant of the compensatory allowance, 
including conditions which encourage the use of 
practices compatible with the need to safeguard the 
environment and preserve the countryside. 
Article 19 
1. Member States shall fix the amounts of the 
compensatory allowance according to the severity of the 
permanent natural handicaps affecting farming activities 
and having regard to the limits set out below, although 
no allowance may be less than ECU 20,3 per LSU or, 
where appropriate, per hectare in the areas referred to in 
Article 3 of Directive 75/268/EEC: 
(a) in the case of farms keeping cattle, sheep, goats or 
equidae, the allowance shall be calculated in relation 
to livestock numbers. The allowance may not exceed 
ECU 102 per LSU. The total amount of the 
allowance granted may not exceed ECU 102 per 
hectare of total forage area of the holding. A conversion table for expressing cattle, equidae, sheep 
and goats as LSUs is given in the Annex I. 
However, in less-favoured agricultural areas where 
the permanent natural handicaps are serious enough 
to justify it, the total allowance granted may be 
increased to ECU 121,2 per LSU and per hectare. 
The allowance shall be granted in respect of not 
more than 1,4 LSUs per hectare of the total forage 
area of the holding. 
Cows whose milk is intended for marketing may be 
taken into consideration for the calculation of the 
compensatory allowance only in the areas defined in 
Article 3 (3) of Directive 75/268/EEC, and in the 
areas defined in Article 3 (4) and (5) of that 
Directive where dairying forms an important part of 
farming activity. 
When Member States exercise this right in the areas 
defined in Article 3 (4) and (5) of the abovemen-
tioned Directive, the number of dairy cows per 
eligible farmer to be taken into consideration for the 
calculation of the compensatory allowance may not 
exceed 20; 
(b) in the case of production other than of cattle, 
equines, sheep and goats, the allowance shall be 
proportional to the area farmed, less that devoted to 
the feeding of livestock and: 
(i) in all less-favoured agricultural areas, less that 
given over to wheat growing: 
— except areas given over to the growing of 
durum wheat, in areas not being areas 
referred to in Regulation (EEC) No 
3103/76 (1), 
— except areas given over to the growing of 
common wheat, in areas the average yield 
from which does not exceed 2,5 tonnes per 
hectare used for this product; 
(ii) in all less-favoured agricultural areas, less any 
areas which are full plantations of apple, pear 
or peach trees exceeding 0,5 hectares per 
holding, 
(iii) in the less-favoured agricultural areas referred 
to in Article 3 (4) and (5) of Directive 
75/268/EEC less any areas assigned to the 
production of wine, apart from vineyards the 
yield from which does not exceed 20 hectolitres 
per hectare, or the production of sugarbeet or 
intensive crops. 
(') OJ No L 351, 21. 12. 1976, p. 1. 
No C 82/22 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3.91 
The allowance may not exceed ECU 102 per 
hectare. However in less-favoured agricultural areas 
in which the severity of the permanent natural 
handicaps is great enough so to justify, the total 
amount granted may be increased to ECU 121,2 per 
hectare. 
(c) Member States may vary the compensatory 
allowance on the basis of the economic situation of 
the holding and of the income of the farmer quali­
fying for the compensatory allowance. The amount 
of the allowance may also be adjusted in the light of 
the use of agricultural practices compatible with the 
requirements for safeguarding the environment and 
preserving the countryside; the benefit of any 
increases may not, however, be combined with the 
aid referred to in Article 21. 
2. Member States may refrain from granting the 
compensatory allowance for some or all of the types of 
production which may qualify under paragraph 1 (b). 
3. The maximum amount eligible under the fund shall 
be limited to the equivalent of 120 units per holding, 
whether livestock units or area units (ha); moreover, 
beyond the equivalent of the first 60 units, the maximum 
amount eligible per LSU or hectare shall be reduced to 
half the maximum amount of the allowance referred to 
in paragraph 1. 
Article 20 
1. In the areas referred to in Article 17 (1), Member 
States may grant aid to joint investment schemes for 
fodder production, including the storage and distribution 
of fodder, and for the improvement and equipping of 
pastures which are farmed jointly and, in mountain 
areas, to joint or individual investment in water points, in 
minor roads for immediate access to pastures, including 
mountain pastures, and in shelters for herds. 
However, where stock-breeding constitutes a peripheral 
activity in these areas, the aid provided for in the first 
subparagraph shall be extended to agricultural activities 
other than stock-breeding. 
2. Where economically justified, the work referred to 
in paragraph 1 may include small-scale farm water 
supply measures compatible with protection of the envi­
ronment, including small-scale irrigation works, and the 
construction or repair of shelters necessary for trans-
humance. 
3. The amount of aid as referred to in paragraph 1 
which is eligible for financing by the Fund may not exceed ECU 100 000 per joint investment project, ECU 
500 per hectare of pasture improved or equipped and 
ECU 5 000 per hectare irrigated. 
TITLE VII 
Aid in areas sensitive as regards protection of the envi­
ronment and as regards safeguard of the countryside 
Article 21 
In order to contribute towards the introduction or the 
maintenance of farming practices compatible with the 
requirements of the protection of the environment and of 
natural resources or with the requirements of the main­
tenance of the landscape and the countryside, and thus 
to contribute to the adaptation and the guidance of agri­
cultural production according to market needs, and 
having regard to agricultural income losses resulting 
from this, Member States may introduce a specific aid 
scheme for areas which are particularly sensitive from 
these points of view. 
Article 22 
The aid scheme referred to in Article 21 shall consist of 
an annual premium per hectare granted to farmers in the 
areas referred to in Article 21 who undertake, under a 
specific programme for the area concerned, to introduce 
or maintain, for at least five years, farming practices 
compatible with the requirements of the protection of the 
environment and of natural resources or with the 
requirements of the maintenance of the landscape and of 
the countryside. 
Article 23 
Member States shall determine the areas referred to in 
Article 21. In the light of the objective to be achieved, 
they shall define those production practices compatible 
with the requirements of the protection of the envi­
ronment and of natural resources or with the 
requirements of the maintenance of the landscape and of 
the countryside. They shall also lay down rules and 
criteria to be complied with as regards production 
practices referred to in Article 22, in particular with 
regard to the maintenance or the reduction of the 
intensity of farming and/or the required density of 
livestock. They shall fix the amount and duration of the 
premium, which must depend on the undertaking 
entered into by the farmer under the programme. 
Article 24 
The maximum amount of the annual premium per 
hectare specified in Article 22 eligible under the Fund 
shall be ECU 150 per hectare covered by the under­
taking mentioned in Article 22. 
27. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/23 
TITLE VIII 
Forestry measures on agricultural holdings 
Article 25 
1. Member States may grant aid for the afforestation 
of agricultural land to farmers, including those receiving 
the aid provided for in Title 1 of this Regulation or the 
aid provided for in Article 4 of Council Regulation 
(EEC) No 1096/88 of 25 April 1988 establishing a 
Community scheme to encourage the cessation of 
farming ('). 
Aid for afforestation may also be granted to any other 
individual and to forestry associations or cooperatives or 
other bodies which afforest agricultural land. 
2. Member States may grant aid to farmers fulfilling 
the conditions of Article 5 (1) (a) for investments in 
woodland improvements such as the provision of shel-
terbelts, firebreaks, waterpoints and forest roads. 
3. The cost of adapting agricultural machinery for 
forestry work shall form part of the investments referred 
to in paragraphs 1 and 2. 
4. The actual expenditure incurred by Member States 
pursuant to paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be eligible for 
financing from the Fund up to the maximum eligible 
amounts of: 
— ECU 1 819 per hectare for afforestation, 
— ECU 700 per hectare for woodland improvements 
and the provisions of shelterbelts, 
— ECU 1 400 per hectare for the renewal and 
improvement of woodland under cork oaks, 
— ECU 18 000 ECU per kilometre for forest roads, 
— ECU 150 ECU per hectare provided with firebreaks 
and waterpoints. 
Upon reasoned request by a Member State and subject 
to budget availabilities, the Commission may, in 
accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 30, 
decide to increase the maximum amounts for affore­
station, for woodland improvements and for the renewal 
and improvement of woodland under cork oaks up to 
maximum amounts of ECU 3 000, ECU 1 200 and ECU 
3 000 respectively. 
(l) OJ No L 110, 29. 4. 1988, p. 1. Article 26 
1. Member States may grant an annual premium per 
hectare afforested to farmers who afforest agricultural 
land and who do not receive the premium provided for 
in Article 6 of Regulation (EEC) No 1096/88. 
2. The maximum eligible amount of the annual 
premium referred to in paragraph 1 shall be ECU 150 
per hectare afforested per year. 
The above amount shall be reduced to ECU 50 per 
hectare if, and for as long as, aid under Title 1 is granted 
for the same land. 
The premium shall be payable for a maximum period of 
20 years from the initial afforestation. 
3. Member States shall fix the amount and duration of 
the annual premium in the light of the income lost and 
the species or types of trees with which the land is 
afforested. 
Article 27 
1. Member States shall lay down the conditions for 
the afforestation of agricultural areas, which may in 
particular include conditions relating to the location and 
grouping of areas which may be afforested. 
2. The communication of provisions implementing this 
Title under Article 29 shall include: 
— measures taken to determine afforestation conditions, 
— measures taken to assess and control environmental 
impact, 
— the accompanying measures taken or planned, 
— the forestry plans or programmes with which affore­
station is to comply. 
TITLE IX 
Adjustment of vocational training to the requirements of 
modern agriculture 
Article 28 
1. In so far as no provision is made for their financing 
in Regulation (EEC) No 4255/88 (2), Member States 
may, in regions where the need is apparent and with a 
view to the smooth implementation of the relevant 
measures, introduce a system of special aid for the 
improvement of the agricultural skills of persons covered 
O OJ No L 374, 31. 12. 1988, p. 21. 
No C 82/24 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
by the measures referred to in Articles 3 and 5 to 16 and 
young farmers under 40 years of age. 
This system may comprise: 
— courses of basic and advanced vocational instruction 
or training for farmers, family helpers and agri­
cultural workers who have passed the minimum 
school-leaving age, and courses of additional training 
for such persons, intended to prepare them for quali­
tative reorientation of production; the application of 
production practices compatible with protection of 
the landscape and acquisition of skills needed to 
enable them to manage their woodlands, 
— courses of instruction or training for leaders and 
managers of producer groups and cooperatives, 
where this is necessary to improve the economic 
organization of producers and the processing and 
marketing of agricultural products from the region 
concerned, 
— the courses of further training needed to achieve the 
level of vocational training referred to in Article 10, 
which must be of a minimum length of 150 hours. 
2. The system referred to in paragraph 1 shall 
comprise aid: 
(a) for attendance at courses of instruction or training; 
(b) for the organization and provision of courses of 
instruction and training. 
3. The expenditure incurred by Member States in 
granting the aid referred to in paragraph 2 (a) and (b) 
shall be eligible for assistance from the Fund up to a 
maximum amount of ECU 7 000 per person completing 
a course of instruction or training. Of this amount, ECU 
2 500 must have been given for further courses on 
reorientation of production, with regard to production 
practices compatible with landscape protection and 
management of woodlands. 
The measures covered by this Article shall not include 
courses of instruction or training, which form part of 
normal programmes or systems of agricultural education 
at secondary or higher level. TITLE X 
General and financial provisions 
Article 29 
1. Member States shall forward to the Commission: 
— drafts of all laws, regulations or administrative 
provisions which they propose to adopt pursuant to 
this Regulation, in particular those relating to Article 
12, 
— the texts of any existing provisions which may make 
it possible to implement this Regulation. 
2. When submitting, pursuant to paragraph 1, drafts 
of laws, regulations or administrative provisions or the 
texts of existing provisions, Member States shall also 
submit an explanatory memorandum showing the 
relationship at regional level between the measure in 
question and economic and structural conditions in the 
agricultural sector. 
3. The Commission shall examine drafts forwarded in 
accordance with the first indent of paragraph 1 for the 
purpose of determining whether, having regard to the 
objectives of this Regulation and to the need for a 
proper connection between the various measures, such 
drafts comply with the Regulation and thus satisfy the 
conditions for a financial contribution by the 
Community to the measure referred to in Article 1. 
Within two months of the receipt of any draft, the 
Commission shall, after consulting the Committee on 
Agricultural Structures and Rural Development, issue an 
opinion thereon. 
4. Member States shall, on enactment of any law, 
regulation or administrative provision as referred to in 
paragraph 3, forward the text thereof to the 
Commission. 
Article 30 
With regard to provisions forwarded pursuant to the 
second indent of Article 29 (1) or to Article 29 (4), the 
Commission shall decide within two months of their 
being forwarded, in accordance with the procedure laid 
down in Article 29 of Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88, 
whether, in the light of their compliance with this Regu­
lation and having regard to the objectives of this Regu­
lation and to the need to ensure that the various 
measures are properly related, such provisions satisfy the 
conditions for a financial contribution by the 
Community to the common measure referred to in 
Article 1. 
Article 31 
1. Expenditure incurred by Member States in 
connection with the measures provided for in Articles 3, 
27. 3. 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/25 
4, 6 to 11, 13 to 21, 26, 26 and 28 shall be eligible for 
aid from the Fund. Expenditure incurred by the Member 
States in connection with the measures provided for in 
Article 2 shall be eligible for aid from the Guarantee and 
Guidance Section of the EAGGF. 
2. For the regions covered by Objective 1 as defined 
in Article 1 of Regulation (EEC) No 2052/88, the 
Commission shall determine the rates of Community 
part-financing for the different measures in accordance 
with the criteria and within the limits laid down in 
Article 13 of the said Regulation under the procedure 
provided for in Article 29 of Regulation (EEC) No 
4253/88. 
If a Member State so requests, these rates shall be 
applied to expenditure incurred with effect from 1 
January 1989. 
For those regions not covered by Objective 1, the rates 
shall be fixed by the Commission under the same 
conditions; however, the Commission shall submit, 
before 31 December 1992, a report to the Council, 
together with proposals concerning the fixing of the said 
rates for subsequent years. 
Article 32 
1. Measures taken by Member States shall not be 
eligible for a financial contribution from the Community 
unless a favourable decision under Article 30 has been 
given in respect of the provisions relating thereto. 
2. The financial contribution from the Community 
shall be provided only in respect of eligible expenditure 
arising in connection with aid granted pursuant to 
decisions taken after 31 March 1985. 
Article 33 
1. Applications for reimbursement shall relate to 
expenditure incurred by Member States in the course of 
a given calendar year and shall be submitted to the 
Commission before 1 June of the following year. 
2. Payments on account may be authorized by the 
Commission. 
3. The Commission shall adopt detailed rules for the 
application of this Article. 
Article 34 
Member States may lay down additional conditions as 
regards the implementation of the aid measures provided 
for in this Regulation. 
Article 35 
1. This Regulation shall be without prejudice to the 
right of Member States to adopt additional aid measures in the areas covered by this Regulation, with the 
exception of those covered by Articles 2, 6 to 9, 11, 12 
(2), (3) and (4) and 17 on terms differing from or in 
amounts exceeding the ceilings laid down in this Regu­
lation, provided that Articles 92, 93 and 94 of the Treaty 
are not infringed. 
2. The provisions of Articles 92, 93 and 94 of the 
Treaty, with the exception of Article 92 (2), shall not 
apply to the aid measures governed by Articles 2, 6 to 9, 
11, 12 (2), (3) and (4) and 17. 
Article 36 
Pursuant to Article 23 of Regulation (EEC) No 
4253/88, Member States shall make provision for 
effective monitoring which shall include at least verifi­
cation of the essential aspects of the beneficiary's under­
taking and of the supporting documents, and on-the-spot 
checks to verify that the information contained in the 
application corresponds to the true situation. 
Where appropriate, detailed rules for the application of 
this Article shall be laid down by the Commission, in 
accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 29 
of Regulation (EEC) No 4253/88. 
Article 37 
1. On receipt of a reasoned application, the 
Commission, acting in accordance with the procedure 
laid down in Article 30, may authorize a Member State 
not to apply the aid schemes provided for in Titles I, II 
and III in those regions or areas where, because of 
natural conditions or the threat of depopulation, 
production should not be reduced. In the case of Spain, 
the Commission may also take account of the particular 
socio-economic situations of certain regions or areas. 
The Commission, acting in accordance with the 
procedure laid down in Article 30, shall adopt the 
criteria for defining the regions or areas referred to in 
the first subparagraph. 
2. Portugal is hereby authorized not to apply the 
schemes referred to in paragraph 1 until 31 December 
1994. 
Article 38 
1. The following special provisions shall apply to the 
territory of the former German Democratic Republic: 
(a) the arrangements provided for in Titles I and II shall 
be applied from the 1991/92 marketing year 
onwards; 
(b) land planted with potatoes may qualify for set-aside 
assistance notwithstanding Article 2 (2); 
No C 82/26 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
(c) where the area of arable land of a holding, 
including, as appropriate, land planted with potatoes, 
as referred to in Article 2 (2), exceeds 750 hectares, 
the condition that not less than 20 % of the land 
shall be set aside as laid down in Article 2 (3) is 
replaced by a condition that not less than 150 
hectares shall be set aside; 
(d) when family holdings are being set up: 
— the conditions in the first indent of Article 5 (2) 
shall not apply, 
— the Federal Republic of Germany may grant the 
aid referred to in Articles 10 and 11 to farmers 
below the age of 55 years. However, aid granted 
to farmers over the age of 40 years is not eligible 
under the Fund; 
(e) the conditions in the second subparagraph of Article 
6 (3) and the first indent of Article 9 (4) shall not 
apply to aid granted in the context of the creation of 
new family holdings or the restructuring of 
cooperative holdings if the number of dairy cows on 
all the new or restructured holdings does not exceed 
the number of dairy cows held previously on the old 
holdings. 
If the Council has not adopted, by 31 December 
1990, the arrangements for applications submitted 
from 1 January 1991 for investment aid in the pig 
production sector, the conditions in Article 6 (4) and 
the second indent of the second subparagraph of 
Article 9 (4) referring to the number of pig places 
shall not apply to aid granted in the context of the 
creation of new family holdings or the restructuring 
of cooperative holdings if the number of pig places 
on all the new or restructured holdings does not 
exceed the number of pig places previously held on 
the old holdings; 
(f) the volume of investment referred to in the first 
subparagraph of Article 7 (2) shall be ECU 140 000 
per MWU and ECU 280 000 per holding; 
(g) in the context of the restructuring of cooperative 
holdings, Article 9 (5) shall also apply to associations 
which do not adopt the legal form of a cooperative; 
(h) a special system of aid for holdings in less-favoured 
areas defined according to criteria to be laid down 
by the Federal Republic of Germany may be applied 
during 1991. During this period, Title VI shall not apply to the territory of the former German Demo­
cratic Republic. 
Expenditure under this special system shall not be 
eligible under the Fund. 
2. The provisions in points (b) to (g) of paragraph 1 
shall apply until 31 December 1993. 
Before the end of 1992 the Commission shall submit to 
the European Parliament and the Council a report on 
the implementation and development of the structural 
action and measures. Taking account of the results 
achieved and of the way the situation develops, the 
Commission may, if necessary, submit proposals 
designed to make these measures more effective. 
Article 39 
The measures referred to in Titles II and VII shall apply 
until 30 June 1990. 
Before that date the Commission shall place before the 
Council a report on the application of the measures, 
including trends in expenditure. 
Acting on a proposal from the Commission by a 
qualified majority, the Council shall decide before that 
date whether the measures are to be extended. 
In the absence of a decision by that date, the period of 
application of the measures shall be extended by two 
years. 
Article 40 
1. Regulation (EEC) No 797/85 is hereby repealed. 
2. References to the Regulation repealed shall be 
construed as references to this Regulation and should 
be read in accordance with the correlation table in 
Annex II. 
Article 41 
This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day 
following its publication in the Official Journal of the 
European Communities. 
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and 
directly applicable in all Member States. 
27 3 91 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/27 
ANNEX 1 
Table for converting cattle, equines, sheep and goats into livestock units (LU) 
(referred to in Article 19 (1) (a)) 
Bulls, cows and other bovine animals over two years, equines over six months 1,0 LU 
Bovine animals from six months to two years 0,6 LU 
Sheep 0,15 LU 
Goats 0,15 LU 
The coefficients relating to sheep and goats apply to the maximum and minimum amounts per livestock 
unit as defined in Article 19 (1) 
No C 82/28 Official Journal of the European Communities 27. 3. 91 
ANNEX II 
CORRELATION TABLE 
Regulation (EEC) No 797/85 
Title I: 
Title II: 
Title III: 
Title I: 
Title II: 
Title III: 
Title V: 
Title VI: 
Title VII: 
Title VIII 
Title IX: 
Annex Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article la (1) 
la (2) 
la (3) 
la (3) (a) 
la (4) 
la (5) 
la (6) 
la (7) 
la (8) 
lb 
lc 
2 
3 (1) 
3 (2) 
3 (3) 
3 (4) 
3 (4a) 
3 (5) 
4 
5 
6 
7 
7a 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
17 
19 
19a 
19b 
19c 
Article 20 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 20a 
20b 
21 
24 
Article 25 
Article 26 
Article 27 
Article 28 (1) 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 28 (3) 
28 (4) 
30 
31 
31a 
Article 32a 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 32b 
33 
34 
35 Regulation (EEC) 
No 1760/87 
Article 6 This Regul 
Title I: 
Title II: 
Title III: 
Title IV: 
Title V: 
Title VI: 
Title VII: 
Title VIII 
Title IX: 
Title X: 
Title XI: 
Annex I Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article ation 
1 
2 (1) 
2 (2) 
2 (3) 
2 (4) 
2 (5) 
2 (6) 
2 (7) 
2 (8) 
2 (9) 
3 
4 
5 
6 (1) 
6 (2) 
6 (3) 
6 (4) 
6 (5) 
6 (6) 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
Article 20 
Article 21 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
Article 27 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 
Article 28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 (1) 
33 (2) 
33 (3) 
34 
35 
36 
37 
Article 38 
Article 
Article 
Article 39 
40 
41