COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
Brussels, 16.06.1995 
C( )M(95) 265 final 
95/0153 (CNS) 
REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION 
on the production and marketing of hops 
(1994 harvest) 
Proposal for a 
COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) 
laying down, in respect of hops, the amount of aid to producers 
for the 1994 harvest 
(presented by the Commission) 

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION 
on the production and marketing of hops 
(1994 harvest) 
V 
CONTENTS 
1. Introduction 5 
2. 1994 harvest 5 
2.1. World situation S 
2.1.1. Production 5 
2.1.2. Market trends 6 
2.2. Community situation 6 
2.2.1. Production structure 6 
2.2.2. Production 6 
2.2.3. Sales and prices 7 
2.2.4. Returns 8 
2.2.5. Costs 9 
3. The common organization of the market in hops 9 
3.1. Community policy on the hop market 9 
3.2. Aid for varietal conversion 10 
4. Conclusions 11 
1. INTRODUCTION 
Article 11 of Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 requires the Commission to present to the Council an 
annual report on the production and marketing of hops. The purpose of this report is to provide 
information on trends in production, prices and demand. 
This report, the 24th such report presented by the Commission, outlines the main events of the 1994 
harvest year. It focuses on the salient facts needed to calculate the amount of aid to producers for 
the 1994 harvest. 
The Commission proposes that hop producers should again be granted aid to supplement their 
incomes. 
2. 1994 HARVEST 
2.1. World situation 
2.1.1. Production 
Worldwide, the total area under hops was approximately 89 500 ha, of which approximately 
69 500 ha belonged to members of the International Hop Growers Convention (IHGC) and Member 
States of the Community (see Table 1). Production in China and the countries of the former Soviet 
Union was also substantial, but can only be roughly estimated, as no precise figures are available. 
The area under hops in IHGC and EEC countries decreased on average by about 4%. The 
decrease was a little more marked in Belgium (- 6.13%), the United Kingdom (- 5.17%) and the 
Ukraine (- 18.25%). New Zealand (+ 7.81%) heads the list of the few countries in which there was 
an increase. The decrease worldwide is about 2.5%. 
At around 2 450 000 ztr the 1994 harvest was markedly (11% or 300 000 ztr) lower than in 1993. 
Quality was less good with an alpha acid content of 6.4% and alpha acid production of 
7 850 tonnes. 
These figures are very close to those for 1992, which was considered a poor harvest although in 
1992 production of alpha was higher (7 912 t) as a result of the larger areas under cultivation. 
The harvest was particularly poor in the Hallertau in Germany owing to unfavourable weather 
(drought and very high temperatures) in the summer of 1994. Climatic factors generally play a less 
important role in the United States as almost all the plantations can be irrigated. But the water 
shortages, already mentioned in 1994, could get worse in 1995. 
Worldwide there is overproduction of hops in relation to the needs of the breweries. For this reason 
the member states of the IHGC proposed that between 5 000 and 10 000 ha should be grubbed. 
This was partially done in Germany on 1 085 ha and in the Ukraine on 1 197 ha but only on 287 ha 
in the United States. If there is no additional voluntary grubbing, market forces will restore the 
balance. 
Although beer production in Europe has fallen year after year since 1990, this is not so in the case 
of other continents, especially Asia. In China, in particular, beer production rose by 33% in 1993. 
With the United States in the lead, China .ranks as the world's second-largest beer producer. 
Worldwide, beer production is estimated at 1 238 million hectolitres for 1995. Since this volume 
usually requires 8 297 tonnes of alpha acid for hopping of 6.3 g/alpha/hl, the quantity of hops 
produced should m principle not be sufficient to meet requirements. There would be a shortfall of 
about 448 t of alpha. It should be noted that, for hopping of 6.3 g of alpha acid per hectolitre of 
beer, breweries need to have around 6.7 g/hl available, the difference being accounted for by losses 
in storage and at the hop processing stage. It should be added that less alpha is needed than 
previously as a result of a trend towards manufacturing less bitter beers, on the one hand, and of 
constant technological progress on the other. Breweries would appear, however, still to have stocks 
in hand, enough to cover six to nine months of production. 
2.1.2. Market trend 
Although prices in most countries remained the same or rose slightly in relation to 1993, the same 
cannot be said of the products of the Hallertau in Germany where production from the point of view 
of quantity and especially quality (50% less alpha acid compared with 1993) was very poor. This 
explains the little interest shown by the trade for certain varieties such as "Hallertauer Hersbrucker", 
"Hallertauer Northern Brewer" and some super-alpha varieties, which fetched DM 150/ztr, 
DM 300/ztr and between DM 400 and 550/ztr respectively. In the United States, alpha content -
though lower than in 1993 - reached 9.5% on average; in addition there was very little hops on the 
free market which meant planters could sell it fairly quickly at prices ranging from DM 216 to 
372/ztr. In the United States the average price for all aromatic and alpha varieties was DM 313/ztr 
($1.81 per lb). 
Contracts signed in advance - though currently for smaller quantities and lower prices (only 52% 
of production in the European Union is covered by contract for 1996) - have proved after all to be 
a good system even though it cannot in times of crisis operate as well as it might (see Table 5). 
A point some members of the IHGC are particularly concerned about is the price-fixing procedure 
for aromatic varieties based on kilos of alpha rather than on the aroma itself. 
2.2 Community situation 
2.2.1. Production structure 
As in agriculture as a whole, structural change in hop-growing has continued. There are now 5 297 
farms growing hops in the Community (see Annex, Table A), a 5.73% fall over 1993. The average 
area under hops rose from 5.1 to 5.2 ha per farm. More than 300 farms stopped growing hops in 
Germany. Since accession, Austria has been added to the list of hop-producing Member States. 
2.2.2. Production 
The area under hops in the Community was 27 648 ha in 1994, i.e. 1 265 ha (4.41 %) down on 1993 
(see Annex, Table 1), most of it (21 930 ha, or 80%) in Germany. But in that country areas were 
1 085 ha, i.e. 4.71%, down on 1993. 
At present, aromatic varieties account for 56.96% of the area, with Hersbrucker (34.90% of the 
aromatic area in spite of a reduction in Germany of 1 024 ha on 1993) still the most popular. Of 
the aromatic varieties for which there were large increases in area, mention should be made of 
Hallertauer Tradition (+ 309 ha), Perle (+ 230 ha) and Spalter Select (+ 290 ha).Bitter varieties 
accounted for 42.47% and other for 0.57%. 
The shares of bitter and of other varieties were both slightly down in 1994 to the benefit of aromatic 
varieties. Of the bitter varieties Northern Brewer remained far and away the most popular (4 918 ha, 
which represents a fall on 1993 of 890 ha) followed by Target (1 682 ha) and Brewer's Gold 
(1 342 ha). The area under the latter two varieties also fell, by 170 ha and 248 ha respectively. For 
the bitter varieties the general trend is towards increased production of the super-alpha varieties, 
which are more in demand on the markets, such as Hallertauer Magnum and Nugget. The area 
under Nugget rose by 30% on 1993 and the area under Magnum by about 45%. 
Quantitatively the 1994 harvest was far inferior to that of 1993. At 740 756 ztr, average yield was 
1.37 tonnes or 27 ztr per hectare. Quality was average to poor, and alpha acid content was around 
4.60% on average for the Community as a whole for the three types of varieties, giving 
1 696 tonnes - 61 kg per hectare - of alpha acid for beer production in 1995. 
2.2.3. Sales and prices 
Overall, the average price for hops sold under contract was ECU 161/ztr, ECU 2.71 up on the 1993 
harvest, ranging from ECU 63/ztr in Portugal to ECU 213/ztr in Ireland. Both these countries sold 
their entire production under contract (see Annex, Table 6). On the other hand, the average spot 
price for hops sold on the free market was significantly up (almost double) on the preceding year, 
at ECU 123/ztr as opposed to ECU 65.53/ztr in 1993, although here too prices differed markedly 
from one Member State to another, ranging from ECU 52/ztr in Spain to ECU 212/ztr in the United 
Kingdom. 
Of the 1994 crop 81% was sold under contract (see Annex, Table 5). Belgium was well below this 
average at 56%. 
Highest average prices, both under contract and for spot sales, were made by the aromatic varieties 
(ECU 177/ztr and ECU 129/ztr respectively). The varieties fetching the highest prices were 
Challenger, Goldings, Hallertauer, Spalter and Tettnanger. Some varieties grown in the United 
Kingdom, i.e. Fuggles, Progress and WVG, also sold for prices distinctly higher than the average 
for the group, as did Strisselspalt in France, where average contract prices were ECU 214/ztr. The 
variety of aromatic hops fetching the lowest price was undoubtedly Hersbrucker, which accounted 
for about 35% of the area for this group of varieties (contract price ECU 151 /ztr, spot price 
ECU 70/ztr). 
For bitter varieties the average price for sales under contract was ECU 139/ztr and for spot sales 
ECU 113/ztr, the varieties that fetched the highest prices in this group being Magnum and 
Northdown. 
For other varieties, contract prices and spot prices were above the Community average. This was 
due to the relatively high prices paid for experimental varieties in Austria and the United Kingdom 
and to the rather high spot prices paid for Zenith in the United Kingdom. 
Of the eight hop-producing Member States, four sold at prices below the Community average (all 
varieties taken together), i.e. Belgium, Germany, Spain and Portugal, with a very low spot price in 
Spain (ECU 52/ztr) and a very low contract price in Portugal (ECU 63/ztr). 
The official figures indicate that, of the 740 756 ztr produced in the Community in 1994, only 
2 951 ztr (0.40%) remain unsold. Ireland, Austria and Portugal sold their entire production under 
contract for an average price of ECU 213/ztr, ECU 282/ztr and ECU 63/ztr respectively (see 
Table 5), followed by France, which sold 98% of its production under contract for an average price 
of ECU 206/ztr. 
Even though spot prices almost doubled in relation to the 1993 harvest, producers were expecting 
higher prices as a result of the poor harvest in 1994. In Germany, on account of low production, 
contracts signed in advance for the 1994 harvest could not even, for certain varieties such as Perle 
and Northern Brewer, be carried outThe structural deficit of certain varieties was also recorded in 
the United Kingdom for the production of English ales. Additional areas were consequently sown 
with Goldings and Fuggles. 
The variety which fetched the lowest prices, already from the 1993 harvest, is undoubtedly the 
Hersbrucker aromatic variety, which was previously very popular with the Americans, but is now 
suffering from a definite slow-down in demand as American purchasing policy has changed to the 
benefit of other varieties such as Spalter Select and Hallertauer Tradition. While Hersbrucker has 
been selling for only DM 165/ztr (i.e. ECU 70/ztr) on the free market, the two new aromatic 
varieties have been fetching aound DM 380-390 ztr, i.e. ECU 161-166 ztr, which is still more than 
the Community average for aromatic varieties. In this poor economic climate, it appears that pre­
contracts for the coming years are being concluded only very hesitantly, for shorter periods, smaller 
quantities and lower prices than in previous years, since brewers know that they can always find 
hops on the free market at prices that may well remain low for several years, going by harvest 
forecasts and the fact that, according to some, hops are characterized by a ten-year production cycle. 
The way to increase hop prices would be to reduce the hop cultivation area in the world, as the 
Americans have proposed, and preferably to cut the area producing super-alpha varieties, since the 
hops market has become a market for alpha products. 
2.2.4. Returns 
These were lower than in 1993. The average return per hectare in full production was ECU 4 352 
compared to ECU 4 444 in 1993. 
As already mentioned in section 2.2.3., hop prices on the free market and the contract market were 
low. Low prices combined with poor production figures are the reason for still lower returns than 
in 1993, which was already considered a very bad year. 
At Community level returns were highest for the aromatic variety group (ECU 4 705 per ha in full 
production, 4.31% down on 1993). Belgium, however, posted big increases (50%) for these varieties. 
The most profitable aromatic varieties were, for France, Strisselspalt (return of ECU 7 260/ha in full 
production), and for the United Kingdom Bramling Cross (return of ECU 7 202/ha in full 
production), Challenger (ECU 6 501/ha in full production), Goldings (ECU 8 011/ha in full 
production) and WVG (ECU 6 725/ha in full production). The only aromatic variety which produced 
a lower return in the United Kingdom was Fuggles, for which the return of ECU 5 829/ha was 
nevertheless still above the Community average for this group. 
Returns dropped less sharply for the bitter variety group, by 1.39% to ECU 3 885/ha in full 
production. In some producer Member States returns fell, some by very large amounts (- 24% for 
Ireland), in others they rose substantially (+ 54% for the United Kingdom, + 22% for Belgium, 
'+ 17% for Portugal). In the case of England, this increase is explained by the fact that contract and 
spot prices for Target (which covers about 1 400 ha) more than doubled in relation to the preceding 
year while yield at the same time was high, fairly close to that for 1993. Spot prices followed the 
same trend in Belgium, although yields were lower than in 1993, except in the case of Target and 
Yeoman. In Portugal, increases were due to the fact that part of the area covered by a varietal 
conversion plan had by now reached the full production stage. Average returns for other varieties, 
cultivated principally in Germany (103 ha), and to a small extent in Belgium (2 ha), the United 
Kingdom (46 ha) and Austria (7 ha), rose by 0.86%. As these varieties are only cultivated on small 
areas, their impact on overall returns for producers was negligible. 
2.2.5 Production costs 
These fell by 0.11% on average from 1993 (see Annex, Table D) to ECU 6 764/ha. They are thus 
very close to those of the previous year. Belgium had the highest costs (ECU 9 537/ha) and Portugal 
the lowest (ECU 4 521/ha). Fluctuations in individual Member States did not exceed 16.13% in 
either direction compared with 1993 levels. 
3. THE COMMON ORGANIZATION OF THE MARKET IN HOPS 
3.1. Community policy on the hop market 
In 1971 a common organization of the market in hops was established by Regulation (EEC) 
No 1696/71. The aim was to improve product quality and safeguard the standard of living of hop 
growers. Since it was quite deliberately decided when the market organization was set up to make 
no special arrangements for external trade or intervention, the Community hop sector is highly 
exposed to competition on the world market. 
The essential aspects of the basic Regulation, which were dealt with in greater detail by subsequent, 
more specific Council and Commission regulations, are rules for the marketing of hops via a 
certification procedure and a forward contract system, for the recognition and promotion of producer 
groups, and for trade with non-EEC countries. The Regulation also lays down aid arrangements for 
Community-grown hops. 
The Community has two main financial responsibilities in this sector. Firstly, frequent use is made 
of the arrangements whereby aid per hectare is granted to producers with unsatisfactory returns. For 
the 1993 harvest year, aid per hectare was granted at a rate of ECU 395 for aromatic varieties, 
ECU 435 for bitter varieties and ECU 307 for other varieties and experimental varieties. Secondly, 
special aid is granted under Regulation (EEC) No 2997/87 to encourage growers to convert to 
varieties more suited to market requirements (see also point 3.2.). 
In addition the Community makes a contribution towards the promotion of newly founded producer 
groups at the initial stage provided national aid is also granted for this. However, this measure is 
now of little significance since almost all hop growers in the Community now belong to a 
recognized producer group. Of course this does not exclude the possibility of new groups being 
founded in the future as a result of restructuring and reorganization. 
3.2. Aid for varietal conversion 
The long-standing imbalance between supply and demand for most bitter varieties and the resultant 
problems for hop growers in certain areas of the Community led the Council to adopt special 
measures for the hop sector in 1987. 
Regulation (EEC) No 2997/87 introduced special aid amounting to ECU 2 500/ha - subject to a 
maximum area of 1 000 ha per Member State - to be granted to recognized producer groups who 
undertake to implement a plan to convert areas under bitter varieties to aromatic or super-alpha 
varieties. 
In June 1989 the Council adopted Regulation (EEC) 1809/89 amending Regulation(EEC) 
No 2997/87 with a view to increasing the number of growers qualifying for aid under the varietal 
conversion programme. The amended criteria now allow special aid to be granted throughout the 
Community and not just in certain areas, as was originally provided for. 
A further restriction laying down that producer groups could take part in the conversion programme 
only if their total area did not increase in the period 1986 to 1988 was also lifted. The extension 
of the duration of the programme from 31 December 1990 as originally provided for to the end of 
1994 gives the producer groups more time to implement their conversion plans. 
A further change was introduced by Regulation (EEC) No 423/95, extending the time limit for 
implementation of the conversion programme by a further two years, i.e. up to the end of 1996, in 
the case of Spain, Portugal and Belgium and by one year in the case of the United Kingdom. This 
amendment became necessary, as far as Spain is concerned, when many hop growers, whose land 
at the time was involved in a reparcelling project, made it known that they were prepared to take 
part in the varietal conversion programme. It was not possible to carry out both measures, i.e. 
reparcelling and subsequent varietal conversion, in the time originally provided for. For the three 
other Member States the reasons were a shortage of planting stock (Portugal) and bad weather 
(Belgium and the United Kingdom). 
The Community varietal conversion programme has been very well received by hop growers. All 
hop-growing Member States are taking advantage of it with the exception of Ireland. Some of the 
varietal conversion programmes submitted have been revised several times, above all to comply with 
requests for further areas to be included (see Table E in the Annex). 
The programmes submitted by the different Member States provide principally for grubbing up the 
traditional bitter varieties Brewer's Gold and Northern Brewer, with which it is increasingly difficult 
to compete with American super alpha varieties' on the world market, and also, in the case of 
Germany, grubbing up the aromatic Hersbrucker variety, which is no longer finding market outlets. 
10 
4. CONCLUSIONS 
On the basis of the foregoing analysis the Commission proposes that income aid be granted to 
growers for the 1994 harvest. 
The average level proposed is higher than for the 1993 harvest for aromatic and bitter varieties but 
slightly lower for other varieties, including experimental varieties. 
Under Article 12a of Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 the Commission proposes that the same rate 
of aid be granted for areas planted with experimental varieties as for 'other varieties'. 
The possibility of granting aid for growing experimental varieties was introduced in 1990 when the 
Council adopted Regulation (EEC) No 2780/90. The purpose of the aid, which can be granted for 
land used by growers for the cultivation of experimental varieties in collaboration with a research 
institute, is to encourage the development of new varieties, which must be continued if hop growing 
in the Community is to remain competitive. 
11 
TABLE A 
Number and size of hep-growing farms in the CommunSy 
1994 
Number 
off. Totar ares 
under hops 0M} Areas under hops 
(ha) 
Belgium 90 4,3 
Germany 3.282 21.930 6,7 
Spain 1.447 1.156 0,8 
France 4,4 
Ireland 13 6,5 
Austria 81 2,9 
[Portugal 3,2 
lUnited 
MM® 3.157 
EC 5,2 
11 
TABLE B 
Average prices for selected hop varieties in Germany 
1983-1999 
Prices in ECU/Ztr 
Hallertauer Tettnanger Hersbrucker Northern 
Brewer Brewer's 
Gold 
Spot market 
1983 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 
1993 
1994 125,27 
111,21 
194,96 
129,26 
220,35 
227,86 
218,54 
555,18 
209,41 
246,02 
151,65 
215,79 198,84 
161,06 
207,53 
138,17 
228,09 
230,82 
231,25 
637,16 
223,86 
262,01 
199,64 
220,03 67,61 
78,24 
126,20 
94,94 
209,15 
216,85 
173,65 
425,20 
146,55 
168,66 
28,88 
70,09 104,19 
69,93 
102,72 
62,88 
76,55 
142,73 
127,48 
576,85 
173,31 
232,61 
61,17 
100,25 69,20 
43,10 
45,70 
24,45 
54,50 
93,18 
88,09 
427,33 
126,58 
154,73 
31,86 
50,97 
Contract market*) 
1983 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 
1993 
1994 178,16 
181,88 
191,60 
196,39 
195,37 
200,33 
199,91 
205,59 
208,57 
258,92 
214,94 
216,64 212,72 
218,52 
288,92 
226,33 
220,11 
223,20 
220,66 
221,31 
222,58 
269,75 
224,71 
222,58 166,23 
164,87 
168,96 
170,17 
169,38 
170,68 
168,57 
167,36 
160,14 
187,74 
150,37 
150,80 151,12 
154,13 
161,41 
171,77 
169,80 
168,54 
160,09 
161,42 
159,72 
184,65 
153,34 
140,18 142,37 
144,78 
147,58 
144,62 
137,94 
126,64 
116,89 
116,81 
108,74 
134,62 
115,11 
115,11 
Forward contracts 
1995 
1996 
1997 
1998 
1999 152,49 
152,49 
152,49 
152,49 
228,53 222,58 
225,13 
227,26 
227,26 
240,00 143,57 
142,30 
142,30 
140,18 
149,10 153,34 
157,17 
155,89 
158,44 
153,34 117,24 
120,21 
122,34 
121,49 ! 
109,17 
*) The prices shown are the average prices specified in contracts signed in previous years for the relevant 
harvest. 
TABLE C 
Return on areas in full production, in ECU/ha*) 
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1994/93 
(%) 
BY VARIETY GROUP 
Aromatic 
Bitter 
Others 5.428 
4.727 
4.439 5.586 
4.491 
4.196 5.562 
4.633 
4.093 5.663 
5.644 
5.365 5.854 
5.415 
3.382 5.339 
4.328 
3.948 4.908 
3.939 
3.569 4.705 
3.865 
3.600 -4.31% 
-1.39% 
0,86% 
BY COUNTRY 
Belgium 
Germany 
Spain 
France 
Ireland 
Austria 
Portugal 
United Kingdom 4.199 
5.353 
3.122 
4.674 
4.918 
4.763 
4.695 4.368 
5238 
3.173 
6.170 
5.943 
2.452 
5.001 3.995 
5.307 
4.473 
5.572 
5.283 
4.329 
4.577 11.158 
5.616 
4.456 
7.450 
10.817 
3.322 
5.615 5.931 
5.456 
4.441 
5.512 
7.901 
1.715 
7.212 6.602 
4.818 
2.605 
6.320 
9.055 
1.495 
5.404 3.317 
4.379 
4.900 
6.794 
7.109 
1.203 
4.803 4.256 
4.087 
4.396 
6.912 
5.399 
7.713 
1.405 
5.423 22,06% 
-7.14% 
-11.46% 
1,71% 
-31.67% 
100.00% 
14.38% 
11.43% 
BY COUNTRY AND BY VARIETY GROUP 
Belgium 
Germany 
Spain 
France 
Ireland 
Austria 
Portugal 
United Kingdom Aromatic 
1993 
2.809 
4.602 
1.609 
7.152 
7.882 1994 
4.216 
4.348 
1.582 
7.252 
7.660 
6.827 1994/93 
% 
50,09 
-5.52 
-1.68 
1.40 
-13.38 Bitter 
1993 
3.505 
4.035 
4.901 
3.844 
7.109 
1.203 
2.969 1994 1994/93 
i % 
| 
i 
4.286 ! 22.28 
3.661 -9,27 
4.398! -10,26 
4.2501 10.56 
5.3991 -24.05 
1.405! 16,79 
4.560 j 53.59 Other 
1993 1994 ! 1994/93 
% 
655 2.023J 208,85 
3.597 3.4081 -5,25 
' ' ' 
10.0451 
5.305 3.260 -38,55 
*)Areas newly planted in 1994 and 1993, were assumed to give 40 % and 65 % respectively of the return on areas 
in full production. 
n 
TABLE D 
Production costs per hectare ( ECU) 
1993* 1994** Change 
on 
1993(%) 
Belgium 9.458 9.537 0,84 
Germany 7.504 7.470 -0,45 
Spain 3.993 4.637 16,13 
France 6.712 6.795 1,24 
Ireland 6.914 6.657 -3,72 
Austria 5.735 5.735 0,00 
Portugal 4.339 4.521 4,19 
United Kingdom 9.521 8.763 -7,96 
') Agricultural conversion rates 1.1.1993 
") Agricultural conversion rates 1.1.1994 
\S 
TABLE E 
Varietal conversion programmes carried out by the 
Member States under Regulation 
(EEC) No. 2997/87 
(Situation at March 1995) 
Belgium 
Germany 
Spain 
France 
Ireland 
Austria 
Portugal 
United Kingdom 
EC Type of variety to which conversion is to be made 
Arosnatsc (ha) 
41 
432 
326 
800 Super-Alpha (ha) 
204 
568 
181 
100 
634 
1.687 Total (ha) 
i 
246 
1.000 
181 
170 
0 
0 
100 
960 
2.656 
Ik 
TABLE 1 
Area under hops, production of hops and alpha acid by producer countries 
1994 
! 
i 
i 1 
| 
': 1 
1 
Country 
Belgium 
Germany 
Spain 
France 
Ireland 
Austria 
Portugal 
United Kingdom 
EC-15 
U.S.A. 
Australia 
New Zealand 
Yugoslavia*) 
Slovenia 
Czech Republic 
Slovak Republic 
Ukraine 
Poland 
Bulgaria 
Total IHB (-EC) 
Total IHB (+EC) 
Romania 
Russia**) 
Argentina 
China 
Japan 
South Africa j 
i 
Total World i ! Area 
I 
ha 
1993 
409 
23.015 
1.142 
670 
13 
96 
3.329 
28.675 
17.461 
1.178 
320 
560 
2.450 
10.400 
1.200 
6.560 
2.391 
695 
43.215 
71.890 
3.100 
3.600 
350 
8.000 
615 
730 
91.608 II 
ha 
1994 
384 
21.930 
1.156 
670 
13 
238 
100 
3.157 
27.648 
17.174 
1.178 
345 
576 
2.420 
10.200 
1.200 
5.363 
2.341 
685 
41.482 
69.130 
3.200 
3.500 
350 
8.500 
590 
720 
89.247 III 
ha (+/-) 
1994/93 
(ll-l) 
-25 
-1.085 
14 
-0 
-0 
4 
-172 
-1.265 
-287 
0 
25 
16 
-30 
-200 
0 
-1.197 
-50 
-10 
-1.733 
-2.998 
100 
-100 
0 
500 
-25 
-10 
-2.361 IV 
ha (+/-) 
1994/93 
% 
(lll/l) 
-6.13% 
•4,71% 
1,23% 
-0.03% 
-0,46% 
3,71% 
-5.17% 
-4,41% 
-1.64% 
0,00% 
7,81% 
2,86% 
-1,22% 
-1.92% 
0,00% 
-18,25% 
-2,09% 
-1,44% 
-4.01% 
-4.17% 
3,23% 
-2,78% 
0,00% 
6,25% 
-4,07% 
-1,37% 
-2.58% Production 
V 
Zentner 
1993 
11.705 
848.556 
41.857 
21.417 
379 
780 
109.199 
1.033.893 
692.200 
62.630 
12.604 
11.400 
70.200 
192.060 
18.800 
80.000 
57.400 
11.905 
1.209.199 
2.243.092 
58.000 
73.000 
10.200 
270.000 
21.300 
26.400 
2.756.017 VI I VII I VIII 
Zentner 
1994 
11.233 
568.686 
41.366 
22.093 
331 
3.397 
1.937 
88.794 
737.837 
656.900 
62.630 
15.310 
14.088 
70.000 
184.400 
18.000 
66.000 
44.000 
11.905 
1.143.233 
1.881.070 
50.000 
70.000 
9.100 
275.000 
20.500 
26.600 
2.452.783 Zentner +/-
1994/93 
(Vl-V) 
-472 
-279.870 
-491 
676 
^18 
1.157 
-20.405 
-296.056 
-35.300 
0 
2.706 
2.688 
-200 
-7.660 
-800 
-14.000 
-13.400 
0 
-65.966 
-362.022 
-8.000 
-3.000 
-1.100 
5.000 
-800 
200 
-303.234 Zentner +/-
1994/93 
% 
(Vll/V) 
-4,03% 
-32.98% 
-1,17% 
3.16% 
-12.66% 
148.33% 
-18.69% 
-28,64% 
-5.10% 
0.00% 
21,47% 
23.58% 
-0.28% 
-3.99% 
-4.26% 
-17,50% 
-23.34% 
0.00% 
-5.46% 
-16,14% 
-13.79% 
-4.11% 
-10,78% 
1,85% 
-3.76% 
0.76% 
-11,00% Yield 
IX 
t/ha 
(VI/ll/20) 
1,46 
1.30 
1.79 
1.65 
1.27 
0,71 
0.97 
1.41 
1.32 
1,91 
2,66 
2,22 
1,22 
1,45 
0,90 
0.75 
0.62 
0,94 
0,87 
1.35 
1.34 
0.78 
1,00 
1,30 
1.62 
1.74 
1.85 
1.37 Alpha 
X I XI 
Production 
tons 
41 
1.080 
165 
28 
1 
17 
11 
351 
1.696 
3.532 
309 
98 
30 
192 
240 
23 
255 
72 
36 
4.787 
6.483 
120 
123 
50 
825 
62 
141 
7.849 Percent 
(XWI/20H 
7.37% 
3.80% 
7.98% 
2.57% 
8,78% 
10.18% 
11.50% 
7.91% 
4,60% 
10.75% 
9.88% 
12.79% 
4,30% 
5,47% 
2,60% 
2.60% 
7,72% 
3.26% 
6,06% 
8,37% 
6,89% 
4.80% 
3,50% 
11,00% 
6,00% 
6,00% 
10,60% 
6.40% XII 
Yield 
kg/ha 
(IX*1000 
•xn 
108 
49 
143 
42 
112 
73 
111 
111 
61 
206 
263 
284 
53 
79 
24 
20 
48 
31 
53 
113 
92 
38 
35 
143 
97 
104 
196 
88 Forecast Area 
XIII i XIV 
| Change 
ha - 1995 | ha 1995-94 
i 
! 
! (XJII-II) 
385 
21.000 
1.145 
? 
7 
253 
144 
3.065 
25.999 1 
-930 
-11 
-670 
-7 
15 
44 
-92 
-1.650 
17.174! 0 
1.1781 0 
345 ! 0 
576! 0 
2.400 ! -20 
10.100 -100 
1.050 j -150 
5.3631 0 
2.401 60 
685| 0 
41.272 -210 
67.271 j -1.860 
i 
i 
*) Republics of former Yugoslavia with the exception of Slovenia. 
**) Republics of the former USSR with the exception of Ukraine. 
Source: Member States + C.I.C.H. + Horst Report 
TABLE 2 
ESTIMATED FORWARD SALES 
1995-1999 
Zentner = 50 kg 
Country 
Belgium 
Germany 
Spain 
France 
Ireland 
Austria 
Portugal 
United Kingdom 
EC-15 
New Zealand 
U.S.A. 
Australia 
Poland 
Czech Republic 
Slovak Republic 
Slovenia 
Serbia 
Hungary 
Ukraine 
Total IHGC (-EC) 
Total IHGC (+EC) 1995 
3.850 
485.300 
40.000 
21.198 
200 
7.590 
3.000 
62.047 
623.185 
13.210 
618.406 
45.000 
130.000 
12.000 
42.000 
*) 
*) 
3.860 
864.476 
1.487.661 1996 
1.495 
367.200 
*) 
21.286 
200 
7.590 
4.000 
44.020 
445.791 
12.680 
425.870 
*) 
40.000 
110.000 
10.000 
33.000 
*) 
*) 
*) 
631.550 
1.077.341 1997 
1.260 
289.900 
*) 
17.280 
*) 
7.590 
*) 
31.921 
347.951 
9.100 
342.554 
*) 
35.000 
80.000 
10.000 
20.000 
*) 
*) 
*) 
496.654 
844.605 1998 
1.000 
212.200 
*) 
7.085 
*) 
7.590 
*) 
14.175 
242.050 
4.323 
290.939 
*) 
35.000 
60.000 
8.000 
12.000 
*) 
*) 
•) 
410.262 
652.312 1999 
& onwards 
400 
142.400 i! 
8.646 !! 
7.590 
10.375 ! 
169.411; 
3.200 ; 
155.340: 
30.000 
50.000 
7.000 
10.000 
*>;• 
*); 
255.540 
424.951 ; 
I , , 
(*) Data do not exist or have not been provided by the producer countries. 
Source: CICH + Member States 
I* 
TABLE 3 
HOPS : WORLD BASE SERIES 
1973-1994 
YEAR 
1973 
1974 
1975 
1976 
1977 
1978 
1979 
1980 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 
1993 
1994 
Average 
Index 94 
(1973 = 100) 
Index 94 
J1982 = 100) AREA 
I 
(ha) 
81.247 
82.083 
80.527 
78.206 
79.262 
80.230 
81.224 
86.348 
92.434 
95.532 
92.688 
88.701 
86.700 
85.699 
87.274 
90.044 
90.504 
89.567 
93.272 
91.503 
91.608 
89.247 
86.995 
110% 
93% 
i PRODUCTION 
II 
(Ztr) 
2.366.020 
2.223.520 
2.270.040 
2.135.200 
2.355.920 
2.200.173 
2.359.848 
2.378.772 
2.652.833 
! 2.966.785 
2.651.851 
2.472.791 
2.419.725 
2.372.455 
2.366.497 
2.407.032 
2.365.235 
2.200.977 
2.520.357 
2.472.726 
2.756.017 
2.452.783 
2.425.798 
l 
jj 104% 
i, 
|; 83% 
i. 
I II 
(t) 
118.301 
111.176 
113.502 
106.760 
117.796 
110.009 
117.992 
118.939 
132.642 
148.339 
. 132.593 
123.640 
120.986 
118.623 
118.325 
120.352 
118.262 
110.049 
126.018 
123.636 
137.801 
122.639 
121.290 
104% 
83% VI 
(t/ha) 
1,46 
1,35 
1,41 
1,37 
1,49 
1,37 
1,45 
1,38 
1,43 
1,55 
1,43 
1,39 
1,40 
1,38 
1,36 
1,34 
1,31 
1,23 
1,35 
1,35 
1,50 
1,37 
1,39 
94% 
88% YIELD 
V 
(alpha t) 
7.468 
6.627 
7.230 
6.137 
7.066 
6.374 
7.348 
7.046 
7.997 
8.805 
7.543 
8.165 
6.990 
7.528 
8.414 
7.382 
7.436 
6.661 
8.746 
7.913 
9.784 
7.849 
7.569 
105% 
89% VI 
(% alpha) 
v*2o/inoo 
6,31 
5,96 
6,37 
5,75 
6,00 
5,79 
6,23 
5,92 
6,03 
5,94 
5,69 
6,60 
5,78 
6,35 
7,11 
6,13 
6,29 
6,05 
6,94 
6,40 
7,10 
6,40 
6,23 
101% 
108% VII 
(kg/alpha) 
V1000/I 
91,92 
80,74 
89,78 
78.47 
89,15 
79,45 
90,47 
j 81,60 
86,52 
92,17 
81,38 
92,05 
80,62 
87,84 
96,41 
81,98 
82,16 
74,37 
93,77 
86,48 
101,09 
101,09 
I 87,25 
110% 
110% GERMANY 
VIII 
DM/Ztr. 
Contract 
331 
331 
331 
327 
319 
297 
324 
341 
377 
390 
405 
409 
401 
410 
405 
398 
387 
384 
375 
367 
364 
359 
365 
108% 
92% IX 
DM/Ztr. 
Spot 
207 
235 
221 
264 
128 
290 
533 
1.400 
606 
167 
210 
191 
245 
151 
301 
378 
326 
1.190 
391 
382 
133 
227 
372 
110% 
136% i 
| U.S.A. 
I Avg. Price | 
! X 
! $/lb 
! (11b = 
1 453,59 gr) i 
| 0,751 
! 0,80 
0,83 
0,85 
0,90 
0,90 
i 0,98 
1,51 
! 1,51 
1,74 
1,93 
2,10 
2,03 
1,78 
1,51 
1,40 
1,38 
1,47 
1,60 
1,74 
! 1,76 
I 1,81 
i 
1,42 
| 241% 
i 
104% 
; 
TABLE 4a 
Community externat trade in hops and hop products - in tonnas 
September 1993 - August 1994 
Member States 
BELGIUM+LUX. . 
-Import 
-Export 
-Net 
DENMARK 
-Import 
-Export 
-Net 
GERMANY 
-Import 
-Export 
-Net 
GREECE 
-Import 
-Export 
-Net 
SPAIN 
- Import 
- Export 
-Net 
FRANCE 
-Import 
- Export 
-Net 
IRELAND 
- Import 
- Export 
-Net 
ITALY 
- Import 
-Export 
-Net 
NETHERLANDS 
- Import 
-Export 
-Net 
PORTUGAL 
- Import 
- Export 
-Net 
UNITED KINGDOM 
-Import 
- Export 
-Net 
TOTAL EC 
- Import 
- Export 
-Net Cones 
NC 12 10 10 
417 
4 
-413 
0 
0 
0 
9.691 
3.485 
-6.206 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
749 
526 
-223 
0 
0 
0 
10 
0 
-10 
28 
0 
-28 
0 
0 
0 
803 
34 
-769 
11.698 
4.049 
-7.649 Powders 
••1.1 
NC 12 10 20 
388 
4 
-384 
6 
23 
17 
1.010 
11.993 
10.983 
0 
0 
0 
8 
0 
-8 
5 
0 
-5 
228 
2 
-226 
3 
0 
-3 
24 
0 
-24 
0 
0 
0 
632 
360 
-272 
2.304 
12.382 
10.078 Extracts 
«•3.5 
NC 13 02 13 
106 
35 
-71 
0 
7 
7 
283 
1.241 
958 
0 
0 
0 
21 
4 
-17 
2 
6 
4 
79 
34 
-45 
6 
1 
-5 
149 
0 
-149 
56 
2 
-54 
120 
152 
32 
822 
1.482 
660 Equivalant 
total (1) 
Hop cones 
1.215 
131 
-1.084 
7 
50 
43 
11.793 
21.021 
9.228 
0 
0 
0 
82 
14 
-68 
762 
547 
-215 
527 
121 
-406 
34 
4 
-31 
576 
0 
-576 
196 
7 
-189 
1.918 
962 
-956 
17.109 
22.856 
5.747 
(1) 100 kg powder 
100 kg extracts = 110 kg cones 
= 350 kg cones 
Source: Eurostat - Comext 
2o 
commun :y ex:erna race n lops anc iop products w&h certain count 
September 1993 - August 1994 i-es 
in tonnes 
Total EEC - Import 
- Export 
-Net 
of which 
Czech Republic - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
U.S.A. - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
Slovenia - Import 
- Export 
-Net 
Poland - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
Switzerland - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
Australia - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
China - Import 
- Export 
-Net 
Thailand - Import 
-Export 
- Net 
South Africa - Import 
- Export 
-Net 
Hungary - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
Slovak Republic - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
Japan - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
Austria - Import 
-Export 
-Net 
Finland - Import 
- Export 
-Net 
Sweden - Import 
- Export 
-Net Cones 
NC 12 10 10 
11.698 
4.048 
-7.650 
3.727 
26 
-3.701 
2.169 
3.349 
1.180 
2.573 
1 
-2.572 
1.381 
76 
-1.305 
50 
58 
8 
99 
12 
-87 
777 
0 
-777 
0 
0 
0 
133 
0 
-133 
59 
25 
-34 
126 
0 
-126 
0 
0 
0 
256 
181 
-75 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 Powders 
= * 1,1 
NC 12 10 20 
2.302 
12.382 
10.080 
396 
364 
-32 
805 
905 
100 
68 
44 
-24 
0 
118 
118 
0 
196 
196 
877 
8 
-869 
0 
31 
31 
0 
1.163 
1.163 
0 
145 
145 
0 
319 
319 
0 
123 
123 
0 
5.218 
5.218 
18 
414 
396 
0 
294 
294 
0 
335 
335 Extracts j Equivalent j 
= *3,5 I total (1) 
NC 13 02 13 ! Hop Cones ! 
654 16.519 
1.482 j 22.855 j 
828 6.336 
0 4.163 
125 864 
125 ' -3.299 
760 5.715 
49 4.516 
-711 \ -1.199 
0 2.648 
1 53 
1 : -2.595 
0; 1.381: 
70 451 
70 -930 
32[ 162 
80 554 
48 392 
21 1.137 
2 28 
-19 -1.109-
2 784 
1 38 
-1 -746 
0 0 
80 1.559 
80 1.559 
0: 133 
47 324 
47 191 
0 59 
9 407 
9 348 
0( 126 
30! 240 
301 114 
0 0 
46 5.901 
46 ' 5.901 
0! 276; 
123! 1.067' 
123! 791 
0 0 
27 418 
27 418 
0 0 
17 428 
17 428 
1) 100 kg powder 
100 kg extracts 1.10 kg cones 
350 kg cones 
Source: Eurostat - Comext 
ll 
TABLE 5 
Hops production sold and average prices obtained 
under contract and not under contract 
1980-1994 
EEC 
A. 1980 - 1994 
1980 
1961 
1982 
1983 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 
1993 
1994 
B. 1994 
- Belgium 
- Germany 
- Spain 
- France 
- Ireland 
- Austria 
- Portugal 
- United Kingdom Production 
1 
Not under 
Contract *) 
50 kg 
67.385 
154.754 
363.795 
223.549 
195.478 
173.339 
202.218 
161.850 
119.035 
169.083 
70.306 
235.415 
103.879 
390.867 
142.973 
4.809 
131.118 
1.366 
389 
; 5291 2 
Under 
Contract 
50 kg 
723.983 
768.155 
763.131 
744.142 
728.662 
718.124 
667.937 
634.361 
632.255 
641.429 
644.352 
679.700 
622.778 
639.633 
594.831 
6.017 
437.576 
40.000 
21.044 
331 
6.316 
1.937 
81610 3 
Under 
Contract 
% 
2/(2+1) 
91% 
83% 
68% 
77% 
79% 
81% 
77% 
80% 
84% 
79% 
90% 
74% 
86% 
62% 
81% 
56% 
77% 
97% 
98% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
94% Average prices 
4 5 
Not under Under 
Contract Contract 
ECU/50 kg ECU/50 kg 
469 
226 
65 
92 
70 
92 
63 
123 
159 
135 
469 
165 
168 
66 
123 
1993 
51 
57 
37 
102 
63 
146 1994 1993 
111 146 
120 155 
52 127 
152 201 
0 230 
0 
0 
212 139 133 
163 
177 
183 
190 ; 
173 ! 
170 
168 
170 
164 
167 
167 
160 
158 
161 
1994 
142 
156 
124 
206 
213 
282 
63 
185 
*) Unsold quantities are not included 
XL-
fc TABLE 6: MEMBER STATE RETURNS - HOPS 1994 
Group A/I 
Aromatic 
Hop* 
Variatv Ortain 
Aurora OE CE 
Bramlinq Cross UK CE 
Challenger B 
F 
UK 
CE 
FinoAlsacio Esp CE 
Fuggles UK CE 
Goldings B 
OE 
UK 
CE 
Hallertauer B 
D 
F 
CE 
Hall.Tradition B 
D 
CE 
Hersbrucker Spat B 
D 
OE 
CE 
Hueller D CE 
Mailing OE CE 
Perte B 
D 
F 
Oe 
CE 
Progress UK CE 
Saaz B 
D 
CE 
Saxon 
Spalter B 
D 
CE 
Spalter Select 0 CE 
Star 
Sunshine 
Tardif de Bourgogne 
Strisselspalt F CE 
Tettnanger D CE 
WVG UK CE 
B 
TOTAL D 
Es 
AROMATIC F 
OE 
UK 
CE SURFACE AREA IN HECTARES I PRODUCTION (8 kg » i Zentnar) 
I 
Total 
II-IV 
33 
43 
15 
2 
374 
391 
1 
289 
3 
82 
338 
423 
51 
926 
0 
978 
1 
859 
860 
4 
5.485 
7 
5.496 
242 
73 
0 
3.591 
0 
36 
3.627 
135 
2 
9 
11 
0 
183 
J83 
1.253 
585 
1.057 
71 
76 
13.605 
1 
587 
231 
1.249 
15.749 II 
1994 
7 
0 
2 
2 
. 
20 
0 
16 
16 
1 
42 
0 
43 
1 
269 
270 
6 
6 
1 
. 
281 
0 
6 
287 
46 
0 
0 
0 
1 
1 
260 
13 
17 III 
1993 
3 
0 
4 
4 
. 
2 
1 
1 
6 
8 
0 
27 
0 
27 
266 
266 
5 
5 
. 
. 
164 
0 
5 
169 
27 
0 
2 
2 
343 
25 
21 
15 
2 
877 
14 
6 
106 
1.004 1 
828 
25 
6 
42 
902 IV 
Previous 
to 1993 
33 
33 
15 
2 
368 
385 
1 
267 
2 
81 
316 
399 
50 
857 
0 
907 
324 
324 
4 
5.474 
7 
5.485 
241 
73 
0 
3.146 
0 
25 
3.171 
62 
2 
9 
11 
180 
180 
650 
546 
1.019 
56 
73 
11.900 
1 
548 
220 
1.100 
13.843 V i VI 
Full 
Production 
(ll*0,4)+ 
(Hl'0,68) 
33 
38 
16 
2 
371 
388 
1 
276 
3 
81 
326 
410 
51 
891 
0 
942 
0 
605 
605 
4 
5.480 
7 
5.491 
241 
73 
0 
3.365 
0 
31 
3.396 I Production 
993 
1.259 
492 
60 
10.616 
11.168 
11 
6.879 
75 
2.484 
10.024 
12583 
1.608 
27.128 
4 
28:740 
17.881 
17.881 
119 
160.594 
204 
160.917 
6.687 
1.897 
84.109 
2 
559 
84.670 
97 S 2.812 
2 
9 
11 
0 
182 
182 
977 
568 
1.039 
62 
75 
12.789 
1 
570 
226 
1.170 
14.831 57 
153 
210 
4.155 
4.155 
29.750 
19.265 
25.107 
1.682 
: 
2.351 
355.564 
11 
19.331 
6.138 
33.272 
416.667 VII 
Yield 
SOIcg/ha 
Vl/Ï 
30 
29 
33 
29 
28 
29 
11 
24 
22 
30 
30 
30 
31 
29 
19 
29 
0 
21 
21 
32 
29 
28 
29 
28 
26 
0 
23 
21 
16 
23 
21 
30 
17 
19 
0 
23 
23 
24 
33 
24 
24 
; 
31 
26 
11 
33 
27 
27 
26 VIII 
Contract 
993 
995 
227 
35 
9.837 
10.099 
11 
6.225 
39 
2.484 
9.166 
11.689 
585 
20.228 
0 
20.813 
14.673 
14.673 
119 
120.943 
204 
121.266 
3.049 
1 897 
69.741 
0 
559 
70.300 
2.311 
0 
153 
153 
2.980 
2.980 
23 730 
19040 
21 720 
1.466 
970 
277.217 
11 
19.075 
6.138 
30.000 
333.411 IX 
Spot 
. 
264 
265 
25 
779 
1.069 
. 
654 
19 
858 
877 
1.023 
6.900 
0 
7.923 
3.208 
3.208 
0 
39.651 
39.651 
3.638 
. 
14.368 
0 
14.368 
501 
57 
57 
1.175 
1.175 
6.020 
190 
3.387 
216 
1.364 
78.347 
214 
0 
3.272 
83.197 X 
Not sold 
VI-
fVIII+IXi 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
17 
0 
0 
17 
0 
0 
4 
4 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
35 
0 
0 
17 
0 
0 
41 
0 
0 
58 RETURNS (ECU) 
XI XII XIII 
Contract 
XIWIII 
263.052 
220.166 
34.796 
7.761 
2.228.238 
2.270.795 
1.582 
1.451.189 
7.119 
711.327 
2.378.070 
3.096.516 
81.687 
4.382.112 
0 
4.463.798 
0 
2.499.330 
2.499.330 
17.249 
18.237.673 
58.225 
18.313.147 
436.463 
540.448 
0 
10.694.382 
0 
155.962 
10.850.345 
545.775 
0 
30.741 
30.741 
0 
648.107 
648.107 
4.102.537 
4.077.636 
4.834.499 
357.439 
140.850 
45.865.843 
,1.582 
4.085.397 
1.729.015 
7.180.877 
59.003.564 Spot 
XVIX 
0 
53.848 
37.863 
3.540 
183.400 
224.803 
0 
158.429 
3.468 
0 
233.491 
236.959 
121.498 
1.488.926 
0 
1.610.424 
0 
531.446 
531.446 
0 
2.779.063 
0 
2.779.063 
602.681 
0 
0 
2.380.243 
0 
0 
2.380.243 
122.064 
9.248 
0 
9.248 
0 
239.574 
239.574 
971.718 
39.731 
745.256 
58.328 
172.077 
9.738.907 
0 
43.271 
0 
809.560 
10.763.816 Total 
XI+XII+ 
<X*0.7)*XV AVER.PRIÛE (ECU) RETURNS (bCU) 
50 KG ha 
xrv xv !! xvi XVH 
Contract 
263.052! 265 
274.014 221 
72.659 153 
11.301 222 
2.411.638 227 
2.495.598 225 
1.582 144 
1.609.6188 233 
12.759 
711.327 
2.611.561 
3.335.647 
203.184 
5.871.038 
0 
6.074.222 
0 
3.030.776 
3.030.776 
17.249 
21.016.736 
58.225 
21.092.211 
1.039.144 
540.448 
0 
13.074.625 
0 
155.962 
13.230.587 
667.839 
9.248 
30.741 
39.989 
0 
887.681 
887.681 
5.074.255 
4.122.432 
5.579.754 
415.767 
314.428 
55.604.751 
1.582 
4.134.477 
1.729.015 
7.990.437 
69.772.644 183 
286 
259 
265 
140 
217 
0 
214 
0 
170 
170 
145 
151 
285 
151 
143 
285 
0 
153 
0 
279 
154 
236 
0 
201 
201 
0 
217 
217 
173 
214 
223 
244 
145 
165 
144 
214 
282 
239 
177 Spot |: Total 
| Planted 
|i 
li XIII/I 
0 
204 
143 
144 
235 
210| 7.926 
6.314 
4.878 
5.460 
6.456 
6.391 
0j! 1.582 
242 j 5.566 
183 3.694 
0,, 8.719 
272 ;j 7.736 
2701| 7.893 
1191! 3.962 
216jj 6.340 
Oij 0 
203!! 6.214 
0|! 0 
166 3.528 
166;! 3.526 
0 4.693 
70 3.832 
0 7.976 
70 3.838 
166 4.294 
0! 7.405 
0 0 
166! 3.641 
0 0 
0; 4.337 
166: 3.648 
244 4.959 
162 4.862 
0 3.416 
162 3.668 
0 0 
204 4.851 
204 4.850 
161 4.050 
209 7.051 
220 5.279 
270 5.881 
126 4.138 
124 4.087 
0 1.582 
202 7.043 
0 7.485 
247 6.397 
129 4.430 Full 
Production 
XIII/V 
7.921 
7.20; 
4.871 
5.46( 
6.50' 
6.43: 
1.581 
5.82! 
4.33' 
8.73! 
8.01' 
8.12S 
3.99Î 
6.587 
C 
6.446 
C 
5.0V 
5.01; 
4.69Î 
3.83! 
7.97! 
3.84' 
4.30! 
7.40! 
C 
3.88! 
C 
5.05J 
3.89f 
6.85: 
4.90Î 
3.416 
3.67C-
C 
4.88! 
4.88! 
5.19^ 
7.26C 
5.366 
6.72E 
4.216 
4.348 
1.582 
7.252 
7.66C 
6.827 
4.70£ 
jp j!Nugge! 
TABLE 6 MÊMBËft STATE RETURNS - HOPS 1994 (cont'd 2) 
Group C/IH 
| OTHER 
! Varlotv Ortaln 
Hersbrucker Pure CE 
Kent CE 
Record B 
D 
CE 
jjviking 
i 
i 
! Zenith UK CE 
Other D 
OE 
UK 
CE 
TOTAL D 
OE 
OTHER UK 
CE 
GRAND B 
D 
TOTAL ESP__ 
F SURFACE AREA IN HECTARES 
1 
Total 
II-IV II 
New 
1994 
1 
2| 
93 1 
95 j 1 
3 
10 
7 
43 
60 
2 
103 
7 
46 
158 
384 
21.930 
. L!«L 
670 1 
0 
18 
19 
2 
0 
18 
20 
57 
1.394 
18 
24 
Ij i IRL 13 
i OE j 238; 6 
p j 
i 
UK I 
ÇEJ 100] 3 
3.157 
27.648 153 
1.656 III 
New 
1993 
0 
. 
4 
14 
18 
0 
4 
14 
18 
46 
1.539 
9 
36 
10 
33 
105 
1.778 IV 
Previous 
to 
1993 
2 
92 
94 
3 
9 
2 
11 
23 
2 
101 
2 
14 
120 
281 
18.997 
1.129 
610 
13 
222 
64 
24.215 V 
Full 
Production 
(ll*M)+ 
(lll*0,65) 
• IV 
2 
92 
94 
3 
9 
5 
28 
42 
2 
102 
5 
30 
139 
333 
20.555 
1.142 
643 
13 
231 
86 
3.029 
26.032 PRODUCTION (5 kg * 1 Zentner) | RETURNS (ECU) 
VI 
Production 
36 
2.064 
2.100 
104 
237 
178 
424 
839 
36 
2.301 
178 
528 
3.043 
11.233 
568.686 
41.366 
22.093 
331 
6.316 
1.937 
88.794 
740.756 VII 
Yield 
SOkg/Ma 
Vl/I 
18 
22 
22 
37 
24 
27 
10 
14 
18 
22 
27 
11 
19 
29 
26 
36 
33 
25 
27 
19 
28 
27 VIII 
Contract 
0 
1.700 
1.700 
83 
200 
178 
206 
584 
0 
1.900 
178 
289 
2.367 
6.017 
437.576 
40.000 
21.044 
331 
6.316 
1.937 
81.610 
594.831 IX 
Spot 
36 
364 
400 
21 
37 
217 
254 
36 
401 
238 
675 
4.809 
131.118 
1.366 
389 
0 
0 
5.291 
142.973 X I XI XII XIII 
Not told 
VI-
MII+IX) 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
1 
1 
0 
0 
0 
1 
1 
407 
-8 
0 
860 
0 
0 
0 
1^893 
2.951 | Contract 
XIWIII 
0 
259.963 
259.963 
14.710 
29.734 
51.354 
47.572 
128.660 
0 
289.697 
51.354 
62.282 
403.333 
851.830 
68.257.954 
4.949.615 
4.340.137 
70.510 
1.780.368 
121.472 
15.098.749 
95.470.635 Spot 
XVIX 
4.046 
52.570 
56.618 
5.550 
4.715 
0 
31.074 
35.789 
4.048 
57.285 
0 
36.624 
97.955 
535.887 
15.755.751 
70.528 
59.081 
0 
0 
0 
1.121.466 
17.542.712 Total 
XI+XII+ 
fX*0.7)*XV 
4.046 
312.533 
316.579 
20.260 
34.449 
51.354 
78.703 
184.506 
4.046 
346.983 
51.354 
98.967 
501.349 
1.418.704 
84.013.068 
5.020.143 
4.444.226 
70.510 
1.780.368 
121.472 
16.424.9S4 
113.293.475 AVER.PRICE (ECU) 
50 KG 
XIV XV 
Contract 
0 
153 
153 
177 
149 
288 
231 
220 
0 
152 
288 
216 
170 
142 
156 
124 
206 
J!13 
282 
63 
185 
161 Spot 
112 
144 
142 
264 
127 
0 
143 
141 
112 
143 
0 
154 
145 
111 
120 
52 
152 
0 
o 
0 
212 
123 RETURNS (ECU) j 
ha !! 
XVI XVII i! 
Total 
Planted 
XIII/I 
2.023 
3.361 
3.332 
7.236 
3.445 
7.631 
1.826 
2.749 
2.023 
3.369 
7.631 
2.156 
3.180 
3.698 
3.831 
4.343 Full ; 
Production j 
l 
xni/v !i |! 
2.023 !j 
3.382 \ 
3.354J.' 
7.236 |j 
3.665 !| 
10.045!; 
2.856; 
3.910 jj 
2.023 j; 
3.408;! 
10.045 [: 
3.260 i; 
3.600 \ 
4.256' 
4.087 ! 
4.396 : 
! 6.631 | 6.912 
5.399 j 5.399. 
I 
7.4891 7.713! 
1.217 1 1.405! 
5.202 ...5.423 : 
4.098 ! 4.352 
Proposal wùt a • 
COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) 
laying down, in respect of hops, the amount of aid 
to producers for the 1994 harvest 
26 
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 
On the basis of the attached Commission report on the production and marketing of hops from the 
1994 harvest it is proposed that the Council adopt the attached proposal for a Regulation setting aid 
to hop growers for that harvest at the following levels: 
aromatic varieties ECU 495/ha 
- bitter varieties ECU 532/ha 
other varieties ECU 368/ha 
experimental varieties ECU 368/ha. 
The proposal takes account of changes in returns and production costs in relation to the 1993 harvest 
for the different variety groups, with experimental varieties receiving the same aid as 'other 
varieties'. 
While average production costs are more or less the same as for the 1993 harvest (ECU 6 764/ha, 
representing a reduction of 0.11%), there has been a downwards trend in average returns per hectare 
for aromatic and bitter varieties, which fell by 4.31% and 1.39% respectively to ECU 4 705/ha and 
ECU 3 885/ha while for 'other varieties* they rose by 0.86% to ECU 3 600/ha. 
The proposal is therefore for a proportionate rise in the aid for aromatic and bitter varieties and a 
proportionate reduction in that for other varieties and experimental varieties. 
By comparison with the 1993 harvest the average aid rate for all varieties together increases by 
4.72% (from ECU 487/ha to ECU 510/ha). 
The cost of the proposal to the EAGGF Guarantee Section is estimated at ECU 14.29 million. 
2} 
Proposal for a 
COUNCIL REGULATION (EQ No 
laying down, in respect of hops, the amount of aid 
to producers for the 1994 harvest 95/0153 (CNS) 
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, 
Having regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 of 26 July 1971 on the common 
organization of the market in hops1, as amended by the Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and 
Sweden and by Regulation (EC) No 3290/94 of 22 December 19942 on the adjustments and 
transitional arrangements required in the agriculture sector in order to implement the agreements 
concluded during the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations, and in particular 
Article 12(7) thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, 
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament, 
Whereas Article 12 of Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 provides that aid may be granted to hop 
producers to enable them to achieve a fair income; whereas the amount of this aid is fixed per 
hectare and differs according to varieties, taking into account the average return on the areas in full 
production as compared with the average returns for previous harvests, the current position of the 
market and trends in costs; 
Whereas Article 12a of the said Regulation provides that aid to producers may also be granted for 
areas cultivated with experimental strains in order to facilitate the development of new varieties; 
1 OJNoL 175, 4.8.1971, p.l. 
2 OJ No L 349, 31.12.1994, p.105. 
3 OJ No C 
7& 
Whereas an examination of the results of the 1994 harvest reveals the need to fix aid for groups of 
varieties of hops cultivated in the Community; whereas aid to producers should also be granted for 
areas cultivated with experimental strains, 
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: 
Article 1 
1. For the 1994 harvest, aid shall be granted to the producers of hops cultivated in the 
Community for the groups of varieties set out in the Annex as well as for experimental strains. 
2. The amount of the aid shall be as set out in the Annex. 
Article 2 
This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official 
Journal of the European Communities. 
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. 
Done at Brussels, For the Council 
» 
ANNEX 
Aid to hop producers for the 1994 harvest 
Group of varieties Aid in ECU/hectare 
Aromatic 495 
Bitter 532 
Other 368 
Experimental strains 368 
36 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
BUDGET HEADING: 181 APPROPRIATIONS:ECU 27 million 
2. TITLE: Proposal for a Council Regulation laying down, in respect of hops, the amount of aid to producers for the 
1994 harvest 
LEGAL BASIS: Article 43 of the Treaty 
AIMS OF PROJECT: To fix the aid per hectare for certain groups of hop varieties for the 1994 harvest 
FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS: PERIOD OF 12 
MONTHS 
(ECU million) CURRENT 
FINANCIAL 
YEAR 
(95) 
(ECU million) FOLLOWING 
FINANCIAL 
YEAR 
(96) 
(ECU million) 
5.0. EXPENDITURE 
- CHARGED TO THE EC BUDGET 
(REFUNDS/INTERVENTION) 
- NATIONAL AUTHORITIES 
-OTHER 14.3 14.3 p.m. 
5.1. REVENUE 
- OWN RESOURCES OF THE EC 
(LEVIES/CUSTOMS DUTIES) 
- NATIONAL 
1997 
5.0.1. ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE 
5.1.1. ESTI MATED REVENU E 1998 1999 2000 
5.2. 
6.2. METHOD OF CALCULATION: Ha 
Aromatic varieties: 15 749 x 
Bitter varieties: 11741 x 
Other varieties: 158 x ECU/ha 
495 
532 
368 (A) ECU million 
7.80 
6.24 
0.06 
27 648 14.10 DR 
x 1.014 14.29 million ECU 
6.0. CAN THE PROJECT BE FINANCED FROM APPROPRIATIONS ENTERED IN THE RELEVANT 
CHAPTER OF THE CURRENT BUDGET? YES 
6.1. CAN THE PROJECT BE FINANCED BY TRANSFER BETWEEN CHAPTERS OF THE CURRENT 
BUDGET? 
WILL A SUPPLEMENTARY BUDGET BE NECESSARY? 
6.3. WILL FUTURE BUDGET APPROPRIATIONS BE NECESSARY? YES 
OBSERVATIONS The new measure represents a saving of ECU 0.2 million on the assumptions made in the '95 SAB. 
s I 
ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(95) 265 final 
DOCUMENTS 
EN 03 
Catalogue number : CB-C0-95-288-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-90404-6 
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 
L-2985 Luxembourg y2-