ARCHIVESHISTORIQUES
DELACOMMISSION
COLLECTION RELIEEDES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM(81)520
Vol.1981/0156

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COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
COM(81)520 final
Brussels,22September 1981
Proposalfora
COUNCILREGULATION (EEC)
amendingRegulation (EEC)No3164/76ontheCommunityquota
forthecarriageofgoodsbyroadbetweenMemberStates
(submittedtotheCouncilbytheCommission )
Ανν
1"~~ιm■ .■.v".
9'P~7'>VIls?>•■"
C0M(81)520final

EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM •
I.INTRODUCTION
... ..
1.CouncilRegulation No3164/76of16December1976stipulatesthatthe
Council,actingonaproposalfromtheCommission,shalldecide,by
30Novemberofeachyear,onanyincreaseintheCommunityquotaandon
theallocation totheMemberStatesoftheextraauthorizations resulting
therefrom . "
2.TheproposalwhichtheCommissionissubmittingtotheCouncilinorder
toadjusttheCommunityquotafor1982isintendedtopermitachange
ofthistype;thisproposaltakesintoaccount:
(a)theoutcomeofdiscussions withintheCommunity'sInstitutions concerning
thechangeinthequotafor1981whichdidnotleadtoaCouncildecision
acceptingtheincreaseproposedbytheCommission;
(b)theanalysisofthegeneraleconomicsituation,thecurrentsituation
inthetransportmarket,theshort-term forecastoftransport demand
trendsandtheconsultation ,bytheCommissionofsocio-economic circles
andgovernment experts.
3.Fromallthis,theCommission concludedthat,inviewofvariousfactors
suchastheeconomicsituationingeneralandthesituationofthetransport
marketinparticular,theextenttowhichtheconditionsofcompetition
areharmonized,traderequirements andtheproductivity oftheroadhauLage
system,thechangeintheCommunityquotashouldbeseeninasufficiently
»
wideandbalancedcontext.
Fromthisviewpoint,theCommunityquotashouldbeable
Ca)tohelpensuresomebalancebetweentransportsupplyanddemandby
avoidingthecreationofexcesscapacitywhichgenerallycausescut­
throatcompetition,and
./.
0JL357of29December1976,p.1.

-2-
/
(b)topromoteCommunityintegration inthefreighttransportsectorby
gradually demantling therestrictions onthefreedomto
offertransportservicesbetweentheMemberStates.
II.THECOMMUNITY QUOTAANDADJUSTMENT OFSUPPLYTODEMANDINTHETRANSPORT
SECTOR
4.FortheCommunityquotatphelpachievetheaimofaligningsupplywith
demandinthetransportsector,thecapacityputonthemarketforthe
international carriageofgoodsbyroadunder.Communityauthorizations must
notpurelyandsimplysupplementthatalreadyauthorized bybilateral
agreements,butmustformpartofabroadercontextenablingthetwo
systemstobelinked.
5.TheCommissionisalsoawareofthefactthattheaimofaligningsupply
withdemandinthetransportsectorshouldnotbeconceived byartificiaIly
isolatingtheroadtransportsectorbutshouldbeplacedinthewider
contextofthewholesurfacetransportmarket.Thisshouldmakeit
possibletotakeintoaccounttheextenttowhichexistingtransport
capacityisusedandthephysicalpotential scopeofeachmodeoftransport
forsatisfying bothquantitatively andqualitatively ,itspotentialtransport
demandinacompetitive marketguaranteeing theuserafreechoice.
.^ .4
6.Asstatedingreaterdetailbelow,toadjusttheCommunityroadtransport
quotafor1982,theCommission hastakenasitsbasistheforecastsof
thetrendinoveralldemandforthecarriageofgoodsanditsforeseeable
distribution amongthemodesoftransport.
Inviewofthefindingsofstatistics ontheuseofCommunityauthorizations
andthebusinesssurveysconducted amongroadhauliersaspartofthe
monitoringofthetransportmarket,theCommissionisconvincedthatroad
haulagewillnotbeabletosatisfythetransport demandplacedonit
unlessitobtainsanincreaseinbothbilateral andmultilateral transport
authorizations withinthelimitssetoutbelow.
)
./.

-3-
7.TheCommission isunabletogiveanyopinion ontheabilityoftheother
modesofsurfacetransport toabsorbtheadditional volumeofdemand
whichmayarisein1982asitdoes4iothavesufficient information since
onlypartofthemarketobservation systemisoperative .
Inthecomingyears,theCommission planstosupplement itsmarketanalysis
fortheannualadjustment oftheCommunity quotabyexamining therate
ofuseofthecapacity offered byinlandwaterways andtherailways and
thepossibleeffectsofthissituation onthedistribution ofdemand
amongthevarious modes;itwilltakeintoaccountthetypeofgoodsto
becarried andwhetheralternatives canbefoundforthistraffic .
III.THECOMMUNITY QUOTAASANINSTRUMENT FORPROMOTING COMMUNITY INTEGRATION
ANDIMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY
8.Withinthelimitsofthequotacurrently inforce,theCommunity authorizations
areameansofabolishing ,atleastinpart,therestrictions whichstill
applytonon-resident hauliers inconducting international transport
operations between MemberStatesotherthanthatinwhichthevehicleis
registered .
ThroughtheCommunity authorizations ,thehauliers haveequalaccessto
thecarriage ofgoodsbetween MemberStates,regardless ofnationality .
TheCommunity quotaistherefore apowerful integrating factorandits
importance mustbeunderlined .
Attheeconomic level,astheCommunity authorization enablestheholder's
vehicles totravelfreelythroughout Community territory,itpromotes ....
multilateral transport operations andimproves theoperational flexibility -:
andproductivity ofthevehicles used.
TheCommunity authorization thushasundeniable advantages compared with
bilateral authorizations ,asregardsbothconsistency withtheprinciples
oftheTreatyofRomeandtherational andefficient organization ofthe
international carriage ofgoods.
■/■mm

.Atpresent,theCommunity quotacoverssome5%ofthetotalvolumeofgoods
carried byroad.
Inviewoftheadvantages referred toabove,theCommission considers that
thisrateshouldbesteppedupandthattheCommunity quotashouldbe
substantially increased .
TheCommission therefore feelsthatin1982atleast50%ofthevolumeof
trafficgenerated bytheforeseeable increase indemandforroadhaulage
shouldbereserved fortheCommunity quota.
Ifthisallocation wereaccepted bytheCouncil,theMemberStateswould
havetotakeaccountofthissituation whenadjusting thequotascontinuing
tobeassigned underbilateral negotiations inaccordance withthecriteria
laiddownintheCouncilDecision of20December 1979.
IV.THEDATAUSEDFORCALCULATING THECOMMUNITY QUOTA FOR1982
Bearinginmindthecriteriareferredtointheprevioussection,the
volumeoftheadditional Community quotafor1982hasbeencalculated
according tothefollowing information attheCommission 'sdisposal :
(a)Theforeseeable trendintotaldemandin1982andbreakdown bymodeof
surfacetransport
Thefirstforecasts drawnupfor1982aspartofthemarketobservation
systemapplied bytheIFOInstitute,Munich,showanincrease ofaround
9milliontonnesofgoodstobecarried onintra-Community linksbyall
modes.
«
Theincrease foreachmodeisasfollows :
Road:4million tonnes
Rail:1million tonnes
Inlandwaterways :4milliontonnes.

-5-
Itisassumedthatthisnewtonnagewillprimarily beofinterestto
professional roadhauliers.Itisclearthatpartofthistotalwill
beaccountedforbyownaccounttransport;however,thisproportion
willbeusedforpurelyadjustment purposes,whichwilltakeplace
expost. A
(b)Theusemadeofthecapacityavailableforthetransportofgoodsby
,roadbetweenMemberStates,atcordingtothelatestfigures
Thebusinessenquiries madeofinternational roadhauliersunderthe
marketobservation systemindicatethat,overall,theextenttowhich
capacityisusedisconsideredsatisfactory .Thereweremorereplies
indicatingthatmoreofthecapacityisusedthaninthepastthan
therewererepliesindicating adropintherateofuse.Similarly,
thenumberofrepliesinwhichitwasconsidered thattherateofuse
ofcapacityisnormalwasrelatively stable(seegraphbelow).In
1980,whengrowthwasmediocre-particularly comparedwith1979-
therewasadropinthebalancebetweenpositiveandnegativereplies
althoughitisstillnotpossibletotalkofexcesscapacity.
441444.1I-;4~η:η^:[Τ.τ:ι1.14444ι,.μ,
i––1–1–i–i-Ratecapacityuseinintra-dommunity transportLI.!...I..........1....U4..I.4....(Businesssurvey) .,< i...i;
•! : ::I, .!L_.50–v-–––-–-–-–––-r––f-––f–-––r–––r-•-–~L..I....n..!... ,L., .4..:..
I401_Lis-T 14.,|.-ri-Ii
iI1|i i!♦:i:1iIBefbre1980:4MerrlbefState^only
_2jd_______.-A^ -____
r --"■i--
3/794/791/80-.i/.ab..b^b-isoilJsi! .L...L...L.ELf.J....
ίIΊΊιΤ:ΓΓΓΊ7ιΐι■;··ιι::-,|
Normaluser-rj––-j jBalanceofrepliesindicat+ML.j–....: ;1;■1:j''increaseandrepliesindicatinga'drop
i..I:I::I4:;::!.n.iii:I!:|-r,Ii4:I;
•tamm

-6-
(c)Trendinfreightratesontraffic LinksbetweentheMemberStates
ThereportsoftheRoadHaulageTariffsCommitteecontaininformation
ontheratesforthecarriage ofgoodsbyroadbetween MemberStates
conducted onthebasisofthesystemofcompulsory tariffs.This
systemisinforcebetweenthesixoriginal MemberStat&s.Therates
shouldbesituated withina23%bracket.Ratesoutsidethisbracket
aretolerated ifagreedtounderspecialcontracts meetingspecific
conditions .
Ithasbeenestablished thatthereisanincreasing tendancy forthe
ratestofallwithinthebracketandthatthenumberofspecialcontracts
isdecreasing .Itmaytherefore beassumed /that,underthepressure of
costs,theratesinalargenumberofspecialcontracts havecomewithin
thetariffbracket.Onseverallinks,theratesareclosetothe
bracketceiling.
Asintheprevious point,itmaybeconcluded thatthepricetrend
doesnotindicatethat ,themarketisbeinginvaded byexcesscapacity
whichcouldhaveanadverseeffectonrates.
(d)Calculating howmuchextracapacity toputonthemarkettoensurethat
theextratrafficresulting fromanincrease indemandiscarried
(i)Tocalculate howmuchnewcapacity hastobeputonthemarket,the
volumeoftrafficnotsubjecttoCommunity quotasfirsthastobe
deducted fromtheforecast increase .
.Inpractice,asafirstapproximation ,wemustdeducttheincreased
volumeofcategory NST6goods(sandandgravel)carriedunderquota
-i.e.1milliontorsome25%oftraffic.Mostofthiscategory
ofgoodsiscarriedoververyshortdistances oneithersideofa
border.
.Thevolumeofgoodscarried byprofessional roadhauliers under
thefirstdirective ,butexcluding category NST6goods,should
alsobededucted .Butthedatasofaravailable indicate that
thetonnageinvolved isinsignificant inproportion tothemarket
asawholeandtoothersourcesoferroraffecting thisestimate .
,Thetotalvolumethatmightbeaffected byCommunity authorizations
in1982therefore comestoabout3milliont.

-7-
(ii)ThisextravolumewillbecarriedmainlyunderCommunity and/or
bilateral authorizations .Inviewoftherespective advantages
ofthesetwotypesofauthorization andthevariousnational
positions onthesubject,weconsiderthathalftheextravolume
shouldbecarried -underbilateral,andhalfunderCommunity
authorizations ,giving+1,5millionttobecarriedunderthe
latter.
(e)Calculating thenumberofadditional Community authorizations required
tocovertheforeseeable increase indemand v
-Thisdepends ontheextenttowhichCommunity authorizations havebeen
usedinthepast.
Atrendanalysis ofthedataontherateofuseofCommunity authorizations
indicates thattheratefor1981willbesome2100t/authorization .
However,theincomplete figuresavailable for1980indicatethatthere
wasadropbetween 1979and1980(approximately 1900t/authorization in
1980).
Thesimpletrendanalysis musttherefore becorrected ;itmustbeassumed
thattherateofusein1'981willnotexceedthe1979level(i.e.+_2020t/
authorization ).Thissuggeststhattheratefor1982willbeabout
2070t/authorization ). *
■
Γ,
–T···;
i
?mntonnes'/autl·îoriz3tlon 4 ι
I4··· I
¡
nn1·
!>r¿1/U
– ■?n·- -ri-–....–....– V
.\•'.·
*7'
►»"
–
i .1900
I
18QQ
JÍQ0
i
.1.6Q0
i
1500....–·Ν
«/
t·
«
•ι
t....I
.... ·--•τ-··--–...ι
::·! PCMmritρ
■ii:t-· .I
...■–·- ·–....
•1–
:.ί
RateofuseofCe>mmunityaijthorizations
IΊ..(....I..;. l:'Ii .i...
ι 1'■t'■1!
19713i74175!76771rai::'9180£1tizl·'
Thenumberofauthorizations tobeaddedtotheCommunity quotain1982will
therefore be:
1500000t=72Q
2070t ■■■-Tins
used

-8-
V.DISTRIBUTING THEEXTRACOMMUNITY QUOTABETWEENMEMBERSTATES
10.Theexperienceofrecentyearshasshownthatitisverydifficulttofind
criteriafordistributing theCommunityquotawhichmeetwiththeunanimous
agreementofalltheMemberStatesandwhicharenotcontestedatthe
economiclevel.
! '■
Indeed,theestablishment ofdistribution criteriabasedonthenationality
ofthehaulierisinitselfopentocriticismifitisborneinmindthat
theauthorization allowstheholdertoconducttransportoperations
throughout theCommunity andnotonlyfromthecountryinwhichthevehicle
isregistered .Themostappropriate solutioncouldhavebeentocentralize
theapplications andhavethedistribution madebyasingleauthorityusing
aclassification basedonobjectivecriteria (utilization oftheauthorization
averageprofitability oftransportoperations,etc.).
I
However,thereappearstobenopossibility ofachievingthisatpresent,
ifonlybecausetheconditionsofcompetition betweenroadhauliershavenot
yetbeenfullyharmonized .
11.TheCommission thussupportstheviewthatthesystemofdistributing the
CommunityquotabetweenMemberStatesshouldbemaintained,atleastfor,
thetimebeing.Forthesamereasonsofconvenience,theCommissionalso
embracestheprinciplethatthedistribution ofthecurrentquota(1981)'•
shouldnotberevisedsoasnottojeopardize ,thepoliticalcompromises
whichwerepainstakingly achieved.Theexamination ofthedistribution
criteriashouldthereforedealonlywiththeextraauthorizations for1982.
12.Initsinvestigations ,theCommissionrejectedalinearincreaseasitfeels
thatthisisofapoliticalnatureandhasnoeconomicjustification ;it
thustriedtofindlessarbitrarycriteria.
TheCommissionisthereforeoftheopinionthatthefirstfactortobe
\
considered couldbetheideaofestablishing aratiobetweenthenumber
ofextraauthorizations tobeallocatedtoeachMemberStateandthe
breakdownoftransport demandonthevarioustrafficlinksbetweenMember
/.
\

-9-
States (takingaccountofthevolumeoftransport demandforexpertsin
eachMemberState).
13.Thesecondfactortobeconsidered ,intheCommission 'sview,isthe .,
averageusemadebyeachMemberStateoftheCommunity authorizations
allocated toit.Afactorofthistype,whichwouldhaveacorrective
effectontheabovecriterion,isindeedlikelytoreflecttheuseof
capacity covered byCommunity authorizations andtheratiobetweenitand
transport demand:averyhighcoefficient ofutilization couldthenbecon­
sideredasindicative ascarcity ofsupplyandanurgentneedforextra
authorizations ascompared withroadhauliers inaMemberStatewitha
lowerrateofutilization .
However,thisfactormustbecorrected tocaterforthegeographical
conditions incertain MemberStateswhereroadhauliers arehandicapped
bytheneedtoovercome naturalobstacles suchasseaortheAlps.
Assuming thatthishandicap isreflected inpractice byalowernumberof
transport operations ,theCommission considered weighting thetonnes/km
perauthorization byadistance coefficient whichtakesaccountofeach
MemberState'sgeographical position inrelationtoitspartners and
restores thecondition ofparitywithitscompetitors .TheCommission
hasalsoaccepted that,inthetemporary absenceofanystatistics
concerning Greece,thisMemberStatewillreceivethesamenumberof
extralicences asIreland,acountry whosesituation iscomparable tothat
ofGreece.
Theapplication ofthesecriteria inpractice leadstothefollowing
calculations : < >'
(a)Shareoftrade
EachMemberState'sshareoftradehasbeencalculated fromthe
tonnageexported totheotherCommunity countries,withtheexception
ofGreece,in1979.Thestructure ofexportsisstableintimeand
itmaybeassumedthatitisverymuchlikethestructure for1982.

-10-
TonnageexportedbyroadtootherCommunitycountriesexceptGreece
Germany
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
France 1
Italy
UnitedKingdom
Ireland
Denmark40397000tonnes
34223000
1304000
31953000
32419000
10544000
7488000
865000"
3975000
Takingthetradesharecoefficient astheproportionoftotalexports
accountedforbytheexportsofeachMemberState,thiscoefficient
worksoutasfollows:
Germany
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
France
Italy
UnitedKingdom
Ireland
Denmark0/247
0,210
0,008
0,196
0,199
0,065
0,046
0,005
0,024
1
(b)Useofauthorizations
(i)TheuseofCommunityauthorizations intonne-kilometres 2isasfollows:
Germany1991tkm/authorization
Belgium 1540"
Luxembourg 1103:·
Netherlands1576"
France .1410"
italy^2216"
UnitedKingdom'1281"
Ireland1201"
Denmark2785"
•/•••
1 .Source:DatabyIF0,Munichcoveringallcategoriesofgoods.Thedistribution
betweenBelgiumandLuxembourg wasbasedonS0ECdataavailablefor1977.
'Source:Statistics ontheCommunity quota.

-11-
(ii)Thesefiguresareadjusted totakeintoaccountthedisadvantages
suffered bysomeMemberStatesasregardsaccessto'theeconomic
centresoftheCommunity .Theaccessdifficulties aremeasured
bytheaveragetravelling timebetween acountry'smaincities
andFrankfurt .
Thefollowing citieshavebeenselected : •
Germany
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
France
i
Italy
UnitedKingdom
Ireland
DenmarkStuttgart,München,Hamburg,Hannover,Köln
Bruxelles,Antwerpen
Luxembourg
Amsterdam,Rotterdam ,DenHaag
Paris,Lille,Lyon,Bordeaux,Marseille,Nantes,
Strasbourg
Milano,Torino,Genova,Firenze,Bologna,Roma,
Napoli,Palermo
London,Birmingham ,Leeds,Liverpool,Newcastle ,
Glasgow,Belfast ,
Dublin,Cork
Kdbenhavn,Aarhus
Theaveragetimetakenforaroadvehicletotravelfromeach
1countrytothecentreoftheCommunity isasfollows :
Germany 4.8hours,i.e.4.2%
Belgium 5.7hours,i.e.5%
Luxembourg 4.1hours,i.e.3.6%
Netherlands 7hours,i.e.6.2%
France 11hours,i.e.9.7%
Italy 17.9hours,i.e.15.7%
UnitedKingdom 20.3hours,i.e.17.9%
Ireland 29.8hours,i.e.26.2%
Denmark 13.1hours,i.e.11.5%
Iftheaverageuseofeachcountry'slicences int/kmisadjusted
.totakeaccountofaccessdifficulties inthefollowing way(see
point13above):
Adjusted use=recorded use(1+7.oftotalaccesstime)
1According tothestudyconducted bytneBatelleInstitute inDecember 1979at
therequestoftheDirectorate-Genera lforTransport :"Beurteilungskriterien
undVerkehrslenkungsmassnahmen fürdieVerkehrswege vongemeinschaftlicher
Bedeutung inderEG"-notpublished .
Thecorrections obtained arefullycomparable withthosewhichcouldbemade
onthebasisofthestudyconducted bytheNEIInstitute inMarch1977atthe
requestoftheDirectorate-General forRegional Policy:"Quantification of
theMarketsandTransport variables "(studynotyetpublished).

-12-
thenthefiguresofuseappliedwillbe:
Germany
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
France
Italy
UnitedKingdom
Ireland
Denmark2074t/kmperauthorization -i.e.12.4%oftotaluse
1617
1142
1673
1546
2564
1510
1515
31059.7%
6.8%
10%
9.2%
15.3%
9.1%
9%
18.5%
(c)Distribution ofnewauthorizations
Thedistribution ismadebytakingintoaccounteachcountry'sshare
oftradeandthecorrected figureforuseoflicences andincorporating
adistance criterion :
Allocation ofnewlicences :totalnumberoflicences x
(0.6x%ofacountry'suseratecompared withtotaluse
+0.4x%oftotalexportsaccounted forbythatcountry).
i.e.:
Numberofnewlicences
Germany
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
France i
Italy
UnitedKingdom
Ireland
Denmark125
102
32
99
97
85
53
40
87
•tmmm
m!mmm

-13-
IfGreeceisgivenasmanynewLicencesasIreland,theMemberStates
willhavethefollowing numberoflicences in1982:
Germany
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
France
Italy
UnitedKrngdom
Ireland
Denmark
Greece814licences
515
138
696
724 "
624
471
116
373
*116

PROPOSAL FORACOUNCIL REGULATION
amendingRegulation (EEC)No3164/76onthe
Community quotaforthecarriage ofgoodsby­
roadbetween Member States
THECOUNCIL OPTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishing theEuropean Economic Community ,
andinparticular Article 75thereof ,
Havingregardtotheproposal fromtheCommission ,
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEuropeanParliament (l),
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomic andSocialCommittee (2),
Whereastheintroduction ofacommontransport policyentailsinteraliathe
establishment ofcommonrulesforthecarriage ofgoodsbyroadbetween
MemberStates;whereastheserulesmustbedrawnupsoastohelpbring
aboutacommontransport market ;
WhereasthesystemofCommunity authorizations forthecarriage ofgoodsby
roadbetween MemberStatespromotes theestablishment ofacommontransport
,bymarketofthistype/ensuringthefreeprovision ofservicesfortheinter­
national carriage ofgoodsbyroadthroughout theCommunity andthegradual
abolition ofrestrictions ontheadmission ofnon-residents totheinternational
roadhaulagemarketbyallowing roadhaulageoperators fromallMemberStates
tohaveeqaialaccessregardless ofnationality ;
(1)0J
(2)0J

-2-
WhereasthequotaprovidedforinCouncilRegulation (EEC)No.3164/76(1),
aslastamended "byRegulation (EEC)No.305/81(2),
must -beadjustedeveryyear;
Whereasanadjustment ofthistypeshouldtakeaccountofroadhaulagerequire­
ments "betweenMemberStatesandtheneedtopromote Community integration and
shouldattempttoachieveacertainbalancebetweensupplyanddemandinthethereforetransport sector;whereasit/appearsappropriate totakeaccountofthe
resultsofthetransport marketobservation systemestablished bytheCommission ,
HASADOPTED THISREGULATION :
•/•••
(1)OJL357of29.12.1976 ,-p.
(2)OJL34Of6.2.1981,p.11

-3-
Article 1
Article 3(1)and(2)ofRegulation (EEC)No3164/76areherebyreplaced
bythefollowing :
"1.TheCommunity quotashallconsistof4*587authorizations .
2.ThenumberofCommunity authorizations allocated toeachMemberState
shallbeasfollows :
Belgium :515
Denmark :373
Germany i814
Greece :116
France î724
Ireland s116
Italy :624
Luxembourg :138
Netherlands s696
UnitedKingdom :471"
Article 2
ThisRegulation shallenterintoforceon1January1982.
ThisRegulation shallbebindinginitsentirety anddirectlyapplicable in
allMemberStates.
DoneatBrussels . FortheCouncil
ThePresident