ddrg/super_eurlex huggingface dataset:
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM

1.CONTEXT OF THE RECOMMENDATION

•Reasons for and objectives of the recommendation

Regulation (EU) 2018/848 of the European Parliament and the Council of 30 May 2018 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 establishes the possibility to grant access to the Union market for organic products coming from third countries that have been recognised under a trade agreement as having a system of production meeting the same objectives and principles by applying rules which ensure the same level of assurance of conformity as those of the Union.

In accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/848, the recognition for the purposes of equivalence of third countries on the basis of Article 33(2) of Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 will expire on 31 December 2026. The recognitions granted to Argentina, Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, India, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Tunisia and the United States of America will therefore expire on the above-mentioned date. In order to ensure the continuity of trade flows on organic products with those partners after 2026, the Council authorised the Commission to launch the necessary negotiations towards securing new equivalence recognitions in the form of trade agreements with these countries. This authorisation to negotiate was articulated in Council Decision (EU) 2021/1345 of 28 June 2021.

The purpose of this recommendation is to include Colombia and Mexico in the scope of Council Decision (EU) 2021/1345.

The Commission officially launched negotiations in 2016. These negotiations were based on Council Decision of 16 June 2014, which referred to a period of validity of three years.

The negotiations with Colombia and Mexico could not be completed within the three year period. It has therefore been proposed to ask for a renewed authorisation by extending the scope of Council Decision (EU) 2021/1345. This will also allow the determination of the possible equivalency of organic production legislation applicable in Colombia and Mexico through a new Union legislative act on organic production, i.e. Regulation (EU) 2018/848 and delegated and implementing acts based on that Regulation. In view of the above, the recommendation proposes to amend Council Decision (EU) 2021/1345 only to the extent necessary, without introducing any change in the negotiation directives.

In view of the context, the recommendation has been accepted by SECGEN as Non-Politically Sensitive/Important.
ARCHIVESHISTORIQUES
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DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM(77)143
Vol.1977/0053

Disclaimer
Conformément aurèglement(CEE,Euratom)n°354/83duConseildu1erfévrier1983
concernantl'ouvertureaupublicdesarchiveshistoriquesdelaCommunauté économique
européenneetdelaCommunautéeuropéennedel'énergieatomique(JOL43du15.2.1983,
p.1),telquemodifiéparlerèglement(CE,Euratom)n°1700/2003du22septembre2003
(JOL243du27.9.2003,p.1),cedossierestouvertaupublic.Lecaséchéant,lesdocuments
classifiésprésentsdanscedossierontétédéclassifiésconformément àl'article5dudit
règlement.
InaccordancewithCouncilRegulation(EEC,Euratom)No354/83of1February1983
concerningtheopeningtothepublicofthehistoricalarchivesoftheEuropeanEconomic
CommunityandtheEuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity(OJL43,15.2.1983,p.1),as
amendedbyRegulation(EC,Euratom)No1700/2003of22September2003(OJL243,
27.9.2003,p.1),thisfileisopentothepublic.Wherenecessary,classifieddocumentsinthis
filehavebeendeclassified inconformitywithArticle5oftheaforementioned regulation.
InÜbereinstimmung mitderVerordnung(EWG,Euratom)Nr.354/83desRatesvom1.
Februar1983überdieFreigabederhistorischen ArchivederEuropäischen
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft undderEuropäischen Atomgemeinschaft (ABI.L43vom15.2.1983,
S.1),geändertdurchdieVerordnung(EG,Euratom)Nr.1700/2003vom22.September2003
(ABI.L243vom27.9.2003,S.1),istdieseDateiderÖffentlichkeitzugänglich.Soweit
erforderlich,wurdendieVerschlusssachen indieserDateiinÜbereinstimmung mitArtikel5
dergenanntenVerordnungfreigegeben.

COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
GENERALBUDGET1977 COM(77)143final.
SECTIONIII-COMMISSION
Brussels,1®May1977.
TRANSFERS OPAPPROPRIATIONS BETWEENCHAPTERS
COM(77)143final

GENERALBUDGET1977
SECTIONIII-COMMISSION
TRANSFERS OFAPPROPRIATIONS BETWEENCHAPTERS
ProposalNoIII/77/3
Appropriations
FromChapter82 forcommitment forpayment
Artide820
Jointschemesinthemarketingand
processingofagricultural products
Item_8202
Marketingandprocessingof
agricultural products -80000000u.a.-8000000u
toChapter80
Article800
Plansforimprovingtheagricultural
structuresprovidedforunderArticle13
ofRegulationNoI7/64/EEC +80000000u.a.+8000000u
EXPLANATORY IffiMORAITOUM
Item8202oftheBudgetforthefinancialyear1977containsappropriations for
commitmentandforpaymentof80and8millionu.a.respectively tocover
expenditurearisingfromajointschemeforimprovingtheconditionsfor
processingandmarketingagricultural productswhichisintendedtoreplacetheaidsprovidedforunderArticlell(l)(c)and(d)ofRegulationNoI7/64/EEC.
Ininstituting commonmeasurestoimprovetheconditionsunderwhichagriculturalproductsareprocessedandmarketedinitsRegulationNo355/77
of15February1977(0JNoL51of23.2.77),theCouncilstated,inArticle24
ofthisRegulation ,thatthefirstdecisionstograntaidwouldnottakeeffect
untilthefinancialyear1978andthatRegulationNo17/64/EECwouldcontinue
toapplyinthefieldsreferredtoinrespectoftheaidtobegrantedforthe
financialyear1977- »
ForthesereasonsandinaccordancewithArticle6ofRegulationNo729/70,
theCommissionrequeststhattheappropriations forcommitmentof80millionu.a
andtheappropriations forpaymentof8millionu.a.shouldbetransferredfrom
Item8202ofChapter82toArticle800ofChapter80.
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COM (77)269
Vol.1977/0093

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Conformément aurèglement (CEE, Euratom) n°354/83 duConseil du1erfévrier 1983
concernant l'ouverture aupublic desarchives historiques delaCommunauté économique
européenne etdelaCommunauté européenne del'énergie atomique (JOL43du15.2.1983,
p.1),telquemodifié par lerèglement (CE, Euratom) n°1700/2003 du22septembre 2003
(JOL243du27.9.2003, p.1),cedossier estouvert aupublic. Lecaséchéant, lesdocuments
classifiés présents dans cedossier ontétédéclassifiés conformément àl'article 5dudit
règlement.
Inaccordance with Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No354/83 of1February 1983
concerning theopening tothepublic ofthehistorical archives oftheEuropean Economic
Community andtheEuropean Atomic Energy Community (OJL43,15.2.1983, p.1),as
amended byRegulation (EC, Euratom) No1700/2003 of22September 2003 (OJL243,
27.9.2003, p.1),this fileisopen tothepublic. Where necessary, classified documents inthis
filehave been declassified inconformity with Article 5oftheaforementioned regulation.
InÜbereinstimmung mitderVerordnung (EWG, Euratom) Nr.354/83 desRates vom 1.
Februar 1983 über die Freigabe der historischen Archive der Europäischen
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft undderEuropäischen Atomgemeinschaft (ABI. L43vom 15.2.1983,
S.1),geändert durch dieVerordnung (EG, Euratom) Nr.1700/2003 vom 22.September 2003
(ABI. L243vom 27.9.2003, S.1),istdiese Datei derÖffentlichkeit zugänglich. Soweit
erforderlich, wurden dieVerschlusssachen indieser Datei inÜbereinstimmung mitArtikel 5
dergenannten Verordnung freigegeben.

COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
GE1ERALBUDGET1977
SECTIONIICOtISCIL
AîffiEXIIIECSCAUDITORCOM(77)269 final.
Brussels.July41977
TRANSFER OPAPPROPRIATIONS BEWEENCHAPITERS
C0:1(77)269final.

GENERALBUDGET1977
SECTIONIICOUNCIL
AMEXIIIECSCAUDITORXIX/286/77-E
TRANSFEROPAPPROPRIATIONS BETWEEN "CHAPTERS
(ProposalNoIl/lIl/77/l)
FromChapter100-Provisionaiappropriations '5000u.a.
ToChapter27–Expenditure onpublishingand
.information
Art.271-Publications
Item2710–Generalpublications 5000u.a
JUSTIFICATION
Thistransferisneededtoadjusttheappropriations tothe
"breakdownofforeseeableexpenditurewithaviewtotheprinting
oftheannualreport.Theincreaserequestedwillbelargely
coveredbyareductionof10000u.a.inthe"proforma"
appropriation underItem2390(ServicesrenderedbytheOfficial
PublicationsOffice).
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COM(79)667
Vol.1979/0227

Disclaimer
Conformément aurèglement(CEE,Euratom)n°354/83duConseildu1erfévrier1983
concernantl'ouvertureaupublicdesarchiveshistoriquesdelaCommunauté économique
européenneetdelaCommunautéeuropéennedel'énergieatomique(JOL43du15.2.1983,
p.1),telquemodifiéparlerèglement(CE,Euratom)n°1700/2003du22septembre2003
(JOL243du27.9.2003,p.1),cedossierestouvertaupublic.Lecaséchéant,lesdocuments
classifiésprésentsdanscedossierontétédéclassifiésconformément àl'article5dudit
règlement.
InaccordancewithCouncilRegulation(EEC,Euratom)No354/83of1February1983
concerningtheopeningtothepublicofthehistoricalarchivesoftheEuropeanEconomic
CommunityandtheEuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity(OJL43,15.2.1983,p.1),as
amendedbyRegulation(EC,Euratom)No1700/2003of22September2003(OJL243,
27.9.2003,p.1),thisfileisopentothepublic.Wherenecessary,classifieddocumentsinthis
filehavebeendeclassified inconformitywithArticle5oftheaforementioned regulation.
InÜbereinstimmung mitderVerordnung(EWG,Euratom)Nr.354/83desRatesvom1.
Februar1983überdieFreigabederhistorischen ArchivederEuropäischen
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft undderEuropäischen Atomgemeinschaft (ABI.L43vom15.2.1983,
S.1),geändertdurchdieVerordnung(EG,Euratom)Nr.1700/2003vom22.September2003
(ABI.L243vom27.9.2003,S.1),istdieseDateiderÖffentlichkeitzugänglich.Soweit
erforderlich,wurdendieVerschlusssachen indieserDateiinÜbereinstimmung mitArtikel5
dergenanntenVerordnungfreigegeben.

COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
GENERALBUDGETFORTHEFINANCIAL YEAR1979 COM(79)667final
SECTION V:COURTOFAUDITORS
Brussels.16November1979
TRANSFER OFAPPROPRIATIONS No.34/79
(non-compulsory expenditure )
-c
L­
!...
C0M(79)667finalV.
V,.
V

General Budget for theFinancial year 1979
Section V:Court ofAuditors
Transfer ofappropriations No.34/79
(non-compulsory expenditure )
From_cha2ter_101 :contingency reserve 78000EUA
Tochapter 27 :Expenditure onpublishing
and information
Article 270 :Official Journal 78000 EUA
Approved bytheFinancial controller ,who has attested that
theappropriations areavailable ,inaccordance with the
provisions ofArticle 21(A)oftheFinancial Regulation of
21Decenber 1977 .
VISA DU ;
CONTROLEUR RNANCiEfc j
[18ÛTU1S7S |
jDELATO0RDES COMPTES j

REASONS
The Court ofAuditors justifies theproposed transfer asfollows :
Theestimated expenditure fortheOfficial Journal maybeapportioned
asfollows :
-Opinions oftheCourt pursuant toArticle 209
oftheTreaty 16780
-1978 Annual Report % 137500
-Special Reports pursuant toArticle 206a(4 )
sub-paragraph 2,oftheTreaty 17550
-Participation oftheCourt inthecost of
publishing thetables ofthelast quarter of1978 3600
-Participation oftheCourt inthecost of
publishing the1979 tables "5 000
Total estimated expenditure 180430
Appropriations ofArticle 270 102500
Additional requirements 77930
rounded upto 78000
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DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM(79)645
Vol.1979/0216

Disclaimer
Conformément aurèglement(CEE,Euratom)n°354/83duConseildu1erfévrier1983
concernantl'ouvertureaupublicdesarchiveshistoriquesdelaCommunauté économique
européenneetdelaCommunautéeuropéennedel'énergieatomique(JOL43du15.2.1983,
p.1),telquemodifiéparlerèglement(CE,Euratom)n°1700/2003du22septembre2003
(JOL243du27.9.2003,p.1),cedossierestouvertaupublic.Lecaséchéant,lesdocuments
classifiésprésentsdanscedossierontétédéclassifiésconformément àl'article5dudit
règlement.
InaccordancewithCouncilRegulation(EEC,Euratom)No354/83of1February1983
concerningtheopeningtothepublicofthehistoricalarchivesoftheEuropeanEconomic
CommunityandtheEuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity(OJL43,15.2.1983,p.1),as
amendedbyRegulation(EC,Euratom)No1700/2003of22September2003(OJL243,
27.9.2003,p.1),thisfileisopentothepublic.Wherenecessary,classifieddocumentsinthis
filehavebeendeclassified inconformitywithArticle5oftheaforementioned regulation.
InÜbereinstimmung mitderVerordnung(EWG,Euratom)Nr.354/83desRatesvom1.
Februar1983überdieFreigabederhistorischen ArchivederEuropäischen
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft undderEuropäischen Atomgemeinschaft (ABI.L43vom15.2.1983,
S.1),geändertdurchdieVerordnung(EG,Euratom)Nr.1700/2003vom22.September2003
(ABI.L243vom27.9.2003,S.1),istdieseDateiderÖffentlichkeitzugänglich.Soweit
erforderlich,wurdendieVerschlusssachen indieserDateiinÜbereinstimmung mitArtikel5
dergenanntenVerordnungfreigegeben.

COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
1979 GENERAL BUDGET
SECTION III .COMMISSIONCOM(79)645 Final
Brussels .9november
•κ . . » ■
>
I 1
s -i
■" -VV -;;; •\
TRANSFER OFAPPROPRIATIONS N°2/2/79
from Chapter 21 (Rental ofbuildings andassociated expenditure )to
Chapter 20 (Immovable property investments )
COM (79) Final

1979 GENERAL BUDGET
SECTION III .COMMISSION
TRANSFER OFAPPROPRIATIONS No2/2/79
from Chapter 21(Rental ofbuildings and .associated expenditure )
toChapter 20(immovable property investments )
Amount :490 000 EUA
REASONS
Thepresent situation ontheLisbon real estate market isasfollows :
(a)thedemand forrented buildings isoutstripping thesupply ,
thereby pushing uprents ;
(b)because ofexisting lease andrent legislation ,there isatrend
towards the sale ofbuildings .
Asaresult ofthemarket situation andforpressing personal reasons the
owner ofthebuilding rented bytheCommission for itsPress and
Information Office since 1January 1979 would nowprefer tosell .
Although thelease wassigned forsixyears ,thevery attractive selling
price hasprompted theCommission ,after astudy ofthereal estate market ,
tomake abidforthebuilding .Thetotal cost ,inclusive ofallcharges ,
isEsc33220000 ,which isequivalent to473878EUAattheexchange
rate inforoe inOctober 19790 »Esc70.1025 ).
Relative totheexpenditure ,theamount ofappropriations tobetransferred
(490000EUA)corresponds toarate ofEsc67.7959 for 1EUA.
ARCHIVESHISTORIQUES
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DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM(82)457
Vol.1982/0151

Disclaimer
Conformément aurèglement(CEE,Euratom)n°354/83duConseildu1erfévrier1983
concernantl'ouvertureaupublicdesarchiveshistoriquesdelaCommunauté économique
européenneetdelaCommunautéeuropéennedel'énergieatomique(JOL43du15.2.1983,
p.1),telquemodifiéparlerèglement(CE,Euratom)n°1700/2003du22septembre2003
(JOL243du27.9.2003,p.1),cedossierestouvertaupublic.Lecaséchéant,lesdocuments
classifiésprésentsdanscedossierontétédéclassifiésconformément àl'article5dudit
règlement.
InaccordancewithCouncilRegulation(EEC,Euratom)No354/83of1February1983
concerningtheopeningtothepublicofthehistoricalarchivesoftheEuropeanEconomic
CommunityandtheEuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity(OJL43,15.2.1983,p.1),as
amendedbyRegulation(EC,Euratom)No1700/2003of22September2003(OJL243,
27.9.2003,p.1),thisfileisopentothepublic.Wherenecessary,classifieddocumentsinthis
filehavebeendeclassified inconformitywithArticle5oftheaforementioned regulation.
InÜbereinstimmung mitderVerordnung(EWG,Euratom)Nr.354/83desRatesvom1.
Februar1983überdieFreigabederhistorischen ArchivederEuropäischen
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft undderEuropäischen Atomgemeinschaft (ABI.L43vom15.2.1983,
S.1),geändertdurchdieVerordnung(EG,Euratom)Nr.1700/2003vom22.September2003
(ABI.L243vom27.9.2003,S.1),istdieseDateiderÖffentlichkeitzugänglich.Soweit
erforderlich,wurdendieVerschlusssachen indieserDateiinÜbereinstimmung mitArtikel5
dergenanntenVerordnungfreigegeben.

COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
COΜ(82)457 final
Brussels ,8thJuly 1982
GENERALBUDGETPCS1982
SECTIONIII-COMMISSION-PABTA
TRANSFEROPAPPROPRIATIONS HoI/3/82
fromChaptertoChapterwithinTitleI
750000ECUfromitemA-1100(Basicsalaries)
toitemA-1221{Installation,resettlement and-'transfer
allowancesforstaff)
GROUNDS
The1982budgetcontainedanappropriation of1112000ECUatItea1221,
By31Maythisaaounthad.beenfullyoonaittedandactualpayaentsmade
totalled776325*17BCtJ,69.81#oftheaaoantavailable.
Itshouldbenotedthataotualexpenditureinpreviousyears
1979:1532987EOA
1980:1336000BOA
1981:2102000BCU.
farexceededthe1982appropriation *
Theshortfallinappropriations atthisiteaisdue(a)tothe
increasedmaberofreoipientsoftheseallowances(appointmentstonew
posts,retirementenpension,resignations ,retireaentoninvalidity
pension,appointaents topostsreleased,transfersinvolvingachange
inplaceofeaployaentand(b)totheincreasedlevelofallowances
payable.
IfexpenditurecontinuesatvtheNpresentrateuntiltheendoftheyear,
therewillbe-ashortfallof750AOOOECU.
h:L .... '^A
Because73.89%0^coaaitaent .appropriations and40*57% otpayaent
appropriations inChapter12had-beenutilizedby31Kay,aninternal
transferte^It«ar1221i»gnttofthequestion*SincetheCommissionaust
sakethesefcajaents "jtameetitsobligationsundertheStaffRegulations,
atransferfroaChaptertoChapterisrequired*Thecurrentrateofutilisation o:fsappropriation® atItea1100(Basicsalaries)issuch
thatthe750000-ECUcouldbetransferredfroathatitea*
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
CORRIGENDUM Brussels, 27.05.1999 
Annpyp*? 7 f^t ft 
CONCERNE UNIQUEMENT Fr.,De.,et En. COM(1999) 134 final /2 
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION 
TOWARDS A SINGLE MARKET FOR 
SUPPLEMENTARY PENSIONS 
Results of the consultations on the Green Paper on supplementary 
pensions in the single market 
ANNEX 7 
Asset allocation, 
Country 
Belgium 
Denmark 
Finland 
France 
Germany 
Ireland 
Italy 
Netherlands 
Norway 
Portugal 
Spain 
Sweden 
Switzerland 
UK Domestic 
equities 
% 
18 
.17 
9 
8 
6 
24 
2 
15 
13 
, 14 
9 
20 
10 
53 Domestic 
bonds 
% 
31 
65 
69 
75 
71 
26 
56 
47 
60 
722) 
.65 
64 
25 
9 Foreign 
equities 
% 
24 
7 . 
1 
5 
3 • 
33 
-
19 
6 
.4 
• ' 2 ' ' 
8 
5 
22 Foreign 
bonds 
% 
12 
.1 
1 
10 
4. 
4 
• -
10 
6 
1 
1 
— 
7 
6 Real 
estate 
% 
5 
8 
'• 7 " 
• -
13 
6 
40 
•7 ' 
7 
2 
— 
8 
16 
2 CasW 
Other 
% 
10 
2 
13'> 
2 
3 ' 
. 7 
"2 
.2 
8 
7 
23 
— 
37 3> 
8 
1) 
2) 
3) money market instruments 
50/50 % fixed and floating issues 
includes loans to employer, mortgages and other short term loans 
Source : European Pension Fund Managers Guide, Volume I 
1998; William M.Mercer The Marketplace, 
41 
ANNEX 8 
Population and pension assets 
Country 
Belgium 
Denmark 
Finland 
France 
Germany 
Ireland 
Italy 
Netherlands 
Norway 
. Portugal 
Spain 
Sweden • 
Switzerland 
UK Population 
in millions 
10.2 
5.3 
5.1 
58.6 
82.0 
3.6 
57.4 
15.6 
4.4 
9.9 
39.3 
8.9 
7.1 
59.0 Dependency 
ratio0 
24.2 
22.4 
20.9 
22.7 
21.7 ' 
19.0 
23.2 
18.8 
25.0 
22.4 
23.5 
28.6 
22.4 
24.6 Value of 
pension 
assets 
$bn 
25 
148 
40 
95 
310 
29 
91 
502 
35 
10 
22 
142 
288 
1015 Pension 
assets 
as a % 
of GDP 
11 
84 
35 
' 7 
14 
42 ' " 
7 
127 
23 
9 
• • 4 • 
66 
. 117 
77 Pension 
assets 
per capita 
($000's) 
2.5 
27.9 
7.9 
1.6 
3.8 
8.0 
.1.6 
32.2 . 
7.9 
1.0 
0.6 
16.0 
40.6 
17.2 
l) Population aged 65+ as a proportion of population aged 15-64. 
Source: Population Concern 30 June 1997, European Pension Fund Managers Guide, 
Volume I - The Marketplace, 1998 ; William M. Mercer 
42 
ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(1999)134 final 12 
DOCUMENTS 
EN 10 05 06 01 
Catalogue number: CB-CO-99-273-EN-C 
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 
L-2985 Luxembourg
Proposal for a CORRIGENDUM to the annual report on the results of the multi-annual guidance programmes for the fishing fleets at the end of 2000 (COM(2001) 541 final)

(presented by the Commission)

In the executive summary, last paragraph :

For:

"The degree to which the MAGPs have been respected varies greatly from Member State to Member State. Belgium, Denmark, Spain, Portugal and Finland have met their objectives in all segments of their fleets. Germany, Greece, Ireland, and Sweden have met their global objectives, but have further reductions to make in one or more segments. France, Italy, and the Netherlands have not yet met the global objectives of their MAGP. According to the data in the fleet register, the United Kingdom has met its global objectives in terms of power but not in terms of tonnage. However, according to the report submitted by the United Kingdom, the tonnage objectives adjusted for the effect of fleet remeasurement in units of GT have been met."

Read :

"The degree to which the MAGPs have been respected varies greatly from Member State to Member State. Belgium, Denmark, Spain, Portugal and Finland have met their objectives in all segments of their fleets. Germany, Greece, Ireland, and Sweden have met their global objectives, but have further reductions to make in one or more segments. Italy and the Netherlands have not yet met the global objectives of their MAGP. According to the data in the fleet register, France and the United Kingdom have met their global objectives in terms of power but not in terms of tonnage. However, according to the reports submitted by the United Kingdom and France, the tonnage objectives adjusted for the effect of fleet remeasurement in units of GT have been met."
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT - Research staff policy changes in the context of the reform of the Commission's human resources

The White Paper on Commission Reform has called for the "integration of research staff into the mainstream of the Commission's personnel policy" (Chapter 4, point 8). This objective was confirmed in the "Non-Permanent Human Resources" document adopted by the Commission on 28 February 2001.

On the one hand, a convergence objective of this kind reflects the desire to strengthen Commission staff management procedures through the creation of a unified framework based on clearer rules. On the other, it takes account of the growing trend towards stability and permanence in the area of Community research policy. Indeed, since the 1970s this policy has been considerably strengthened, in particular as a result of the successive Framework Programmes. The Single Act, followed by the Treaties of Maastricht and Amsterdam, have served to confirm this political trend at the highest level.

Convergence, as far as the research Directorates-General are concerned, means that the latter are under an obligation to adapt their management rules in line with the new reform realities. It also involves the ending of certain arbitrary management practices which nowadays make it increasingly difficult to ensure the efficient management of research staff, particularly in the area of recruitment. It is imperative, after all, that the Directorates-General responsible for the research sector should be able to recruit staff under the same conditions as apply in the other Directorates-General of the Commission .

In the context of reform, the Commission is therefore proposing amendments to the Staff Regulations and to the Conditions of Employment of Other Servants, with a view to placing research staff on the same footing as operating staff as far as recruitment and careers are concerned.

Furthermore, in order to complete the convergence process, the Commission has decided to recruit to permanent research posts successful candidates from competitions as officials, thereby distancing itself from the following statement noted by the Council at its 245th session on 4 June 1973: "As regards occupying vacant posts involving research and investment appropriations, and in particular the recruitment of nationals from the new Member States, the Commission undertakes ... to recruit staff under fixed-term contracts".

In taking these measures, the Commission is sending out a clear message that it is modernising research staff management procedures in an atmosphere of openness and transparency and that it is taking all reasonable steps to lay the groundwork for the forthcoming new Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration.