28.1.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC25/43
AmendedproposalforaCouncilDirectiveonthecoordinationofcertainrulesconcerningcopy­
rightandrightsrelatedtocopyrightapplicabletosatellitebroadcastingandcableretransmis­
sion(')
(93/C25/04)
COM(92)526final—SYN358
(SubmittedbytheCommissionpursuanttoArticle149(3)oftheEECTreatyon2December1992)
0)OJNoC255,1.10.1991,p.3.
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
ProposalforaCouncilDirectiveonthecoordinationof
certainrulesconcerningcopyrightandneighbouringrights
applicabletosatellitebroadcastingandcableretransmis­ProposalforaCouncilDirectiveonthecoordinationof
certainrulesconcerningcopyrightandrightsrelatedto
copyrightapplicabletosatellitebroadcastingandcable
retransmission sion
HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropean
EconomicCommunity ,andinparticularArticles57(2)
and66thereof,THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropean
EconomicCommunity ,andinparticularArticle57(2)
thereof,
HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission ,
IncooperationwiththeEuropeanParliament,
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocial
Committee ,
UnchangedHavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission ,
IncooperationwiththeEuropeanParliament ,
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocial
Committee ,
(1)WhereastheobjectivesoftheCommunityaslaid
downintheTreatyincludeestablishinganevercloser
unionamongthepeoplesofEurope,fosteringcloser
relationsbetweentheStatesbelongingtotheCom­
munity,andensuringtheeconomicandsocialprogress
oftheCommunitycountriesbycommonactiontoeli­
minatethebarrierswhichdivideEurope;
(2)WhereastothatendtheTreatyprovidesfortheestab­
lishmentofacommonmarketandanareawithout
frontiers;whereasthisistoincludetheabolitionof
obstaclestothefreemovementofservicesandthe
institutionofasystemensuringthatcompetitioninthe
commonmarketisnotdistorted;whereastothatend
theCouncilmayadoptdirectivesforthecoordination
oftheprovisionslaiddownbylaw,regulationor
administrative actioninMemberStatesconcerningthe
takingupandpursuitofactivitiesasself-employed
persons;Unchanged
I

NoC25/44 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 28.1.93
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
Unchanged (3)Whereasbroadcaststransmittedacrossfrontiers
withintheCommunity ,inparticularbysatelliteand
cable,areoneofthemostimportantwaysofpursuing
theseCommunityobjectives,whichareatthesame
timepolitical,economic,social,culturalandlegal;
(4)WhereastheCouncilhasalreadyadoptedDirective Unchanged
89/552/EECof3October1989onthecoordination of
certainprovisionslaiddownbylaw,regulationor
administrative actioninMemberStatesconcerningthe
pursuitoftelevisionbroadcastingactivities0),which
makesprovisionforthepromotionofthedistribution
andproductionofEuropeantelevisionprogrammes
andforadvertisingandsponsorship ,theprotectionof
minorsandtherightofreply;
(5)Whereas,however,theachievementoftheseobjec-Unchanged
tivesinrespectofcross-bordersatellitebroadcasting
andthecableretransmission ofprogrammesfrom
otherMemberStatesiscurrentlystillobstructedbya
seriesofdifferencesbetweennationalrulesofcopy­
rightandsomeuncertainties astothelaw;whereas
thismeansthatholdersofrightsareexposedtothe
threatofseeingtheirworksexploitedwithoutpay­
mentofremuneration orthattheindividualholdersof
exclusiverightsinvariousMemberStatesblockthe
exploitationoftheirrights;whereasthelegaluncer­
taintyinparticularconstitutesadirectobstacletothe
freecirculationofprogrammeswithintheCommunity ;
(6)Whereasadistinctioniscurrentlydrawnforcopyright
purposesbetweenbroadcastingbydirectsatelliteand
broadcasting bycommunications satellite;whereas
sinceindividualreceptionispossibleandnowadays
affordablewithbothtypesofsatellite,thereisnolon­
geranyjustificationforthisdifferinglegaltreatment;(6)Whereasadistinctioniscurrentlydrawnforcopyright
purposesbetweencommunication tothepublicby
directsatelliteandcommunication tothepublicby
communications satellite;whereassinceindividual
receptionispossibleandnowadaysaffordablewith
bothtypesofsatellite,thereisnolongeranyjustifica­
tionforthisdifferinglegaltreatment;
(7)Whereasthefreebroadcastingofprogrammes isfur-Unchanged
therimpededbythecurrentlegaluncertaintyasto
whetherbroadcastingbyasatellitewhosesignalscan
bereceiveddirectlyaffectstherightsinthecountryof
transmissiononly,orinallcountriesofreception
together;whereassincecommunications satellitesand
directsatellitesaretreatedalikeforcopyrightpur­
poses,thislegaluncertaintynowaffectsalmostallpro­
grammesbroadcastintheCommunitybysatellite;
(8)Whereas,furthermore ,thelegalcertainty,whichisaUnchanged
prerequisiteforthefreemovementofbroadcasts
withintheCommunity ,ismissingwhereprogrammes
transmittedacrossfrontiersarefedintoandretrans­
mittedthroughcablenetworks;
0)OJNo.L298,17.10.1989,p.23

28.1.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC25/45
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
Unchanged (9)Whereasthedevelopmentoftheacquisitionofrights
onacontractualbasisisalreadymakingavigorous
contributiontothecreationofthedesiredEuropean
audiovisualarea;whereasthecontinuationofsuch
contractualagreementsshouldbeensured,andtheir
smoothapplicationinpracticeshouldbepromoted
whereverpossible;
Unchanged (10)Whereasatpresentcableoperatorsinparticularcan­
notbesuretohaveactuallyacquiredallthepro­
grammerightscoveredbysuchanagreement ;
(11)Whereas,lastly,partiesindifferentMemberStatesare
notallsimilarlyboundbyobligationswhichprevent
themfromimproperlyrefusingtonegotiateonthe
acquisitionoftherightsnecessaryforcabledistribu­
tionorimproperlyallowingsuchnegotiationstofail;
(12)Whereasthelegalframeworkforthecreationofasin­
gleaudiovisualarealaiddowninDirective89/552/
EECmustthereforebesupplemented withreference
tocopyright;(11)Whereas,lastly,partiesindifferentMemberStatesare
notallsimilarlyboundbyobligationswhichprevent
themfrom,withoutvalidreason,refusingtonegotiate
ontheacquisitionoftherightsnecessaryforcabledis­
tributionorallowingsuchnegotiationstofail;
Unchanged
Unchanged (13)Whereas,therefore,anendshouldbeputtothediffer­
encesoftreatmentofthetransmissionofprogrammes
bycommunications satellitewhichexistsintheMem­
berStates,sothatthevitaldistinctionthroughoutthe
Communitybecomeswhetherprotectedworksand
otherprotectedmatterarecommunicated tothe
public;whereasthiswillalsoensureequaltreatment
ofthesuppliersofcross-borderbroadcasts,regardless
ofwhethertheyuseadirectbroadcastingsatelliteor
communications satellite;
(14)Whereasthelegaluncertaintyregardingtherightsto
beacquiredwhichimpedescross-bordersatellite
broadcastingwillbeovercomebydefiningthenotion
ofcommunication tothepublicbysatelliteataCom­
munitylevel;whereasthisdefinitionwillatthesame
timespecifywheretheactofcommunication takes
place;whereassuchadefinitionisnecessarytoavoid
thecumulativeapplicationofseveralnationallawsto
onesingleactofbroadcasting ;whereascommunica­
tionstothepublicoccursonlywhenandintheMem­
berStatewhereabroadcastingorganizationtakesa
singledecisiononthecontentandthetransmissionof
programme-carrying signals;whereasthereisnocom­
municationifthechainofbroadcastingequipment
betweenthepointwheresuchsingledecisionistaken
andthetransmissionoftherelevantsignalsfromthe
satelliteisinterrupted ;(14)Whereasthelegaluncertaintyregardingtherightsto
beacquiredwhichimpedescross-bordersatellite
broadcastingwillbeovercomebydefiningthenotion
ofcommunication tothepublicbysatelliteataCom­
munitylevel;whereasthisdefinitionwillatthesame
timespecifywheretheactofcommunication takes
place;whereassuchadefinitionisnecessarytoavoid
thecumulativeapplicationofseveralnationallawsto
onesingleactofbroadcasting ;whereascommunica­
tiontothepublicbysatelliteoccursonlywhenandin
theMemberStatewheretheprogrammecarryingsig­
nalsareintroducedunderthecontrolandresponsabil­
.ityofthebroadcastingorganizationintoanuninter­
ruptedchainofcommunication leadingtothesatellite
anddowntowardstheearth;whereasnormaltechnical
proceduresrelatingtoprogramme-carrying signals
maynotbeconsideredasinterruptionstothechainof
broadcasting ;

NoC25/46 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 28.1.93
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
(15)Whereastheacquisitiononacontractualbasisof
exclusivebroadcastingrightsshouldcomplywithany
legislationoncopyrightandrightsrelatedtocopyright
intheMemberStateinwhich'communication tothe
publicbysatellite'occurs;
(16)Whereastheprincipleofcontractualfreedom,on
whichthisDirectiveisbased,willmakeitpossibleto
continuelimitingtheexploitationoftheserights,espe­
ciallyasfarascertaintechnicalmeansoftransmission
orcertainlanguageversionsareconcerned;
(15)Whereasinarrivingattheamountofthepaymentto
bemadefortherightsacquiredthepartiesshouldtake
accountoftheactualorpotentialaudiencethroughout
theareainwhichthebroadcastcanbereceived;(17)Whereasinarrivingattheamountofthepaymentto
bemadefortherightsacquiredthepartiesshouldtake
accountofallaspectsofthebroadcast,suchasthe
actualaudience,thepotentialaudienceandthelan­
guageversion;
(16)Whereasaspecialtransitionalprovisionapplicableto(18)Unchanged
existingagreementsshouldbeprovidedforsothatat
thelatestby1998theseagreementswillbeadaptedin
thelightofthenewlegalframework ;
(19)Whereascommunications tothepublicbysatellite
fromnon-member countrieswillundercertaincondi­
tionsbedeemedtooccurwithinaMemberStateof
theCommunity ;(17)Whereasprogrammesbroadcastfromnon-member
countriestotheterritoryoftheCommunitywillbe
outsidethescopeofthisDirective;whereastheymay
betreateddifferentlyinthelawoftheMemberStates
fromprogrammestransmittedfromaMemberStateif
theprotectionprovidedforbythisDirectiveisnot
grantedinthenon-membercountryoronlygrantedto
alesserextent;
(20)Whereasitisnecessarytoensurethatprotectionfor
authors,performers,producersofphonogramsand
broadcastingorganizations isaccordedinallMember
Statesandthatthisprotectionisnotsubjecttoastatu­
torylicencesystem;whereasonlyinthiswayisitpos­
sibletoensurethatanydifferenceinthelevelofpro­
tectionwithinthecommonmarketwillnotcreate
distortionsofcompetition ;(18)Whereasthearrangementsmadeshouldalsoinclude
provisionsfortheprotectionofholdersofcopyrights
andneighbouring rights;whereasitisnecessaryto
ensurethatprotectionforspecificcategoriesis
accordedinallMemberStatestotheextentprovided
forbythisDirectiveandthatthisprotectionisnot
subjecttoastatutorylicencesystem;whereasonlyin
thiswayisitpossibletoensurethatanydifferencein
thelevelofprotectionwithinthecommonmarketwill
notcreatedistortionsofcompetitionwhichmight
resultinanunjustifieddisadvantageforprogramme
suppliersandholdersofrightsinMemberStateswith
ahighlevelofprotection;
(21)Whereastheharmonization oflegislationsenvisaged
inthisDirectiveentailstheharmonization oftheprov­
isionsensuringahighlevelofprotectionofauthors,
performers ,phonogramproducersandbroadcasting
organizations ;whereasthisharmonization willnolon­
gerallowabroadcastingorganizationtotakeadvan­
tageofdifferencesinlevelsofprotectionbyrelocating
activities,tothedetrimentofaudiovisualproduction ;

28.1.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC25/47
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
(22)Whereastheprotectionprovidedforrightsrelatedto
copyrightisalignedtothatcontainedinCouncil
Directive92/100/EEC(*)forthepurposesofcommun­
icationtothepublicbysatellite;whereasinparticular
thiswillensurethatperformersandphonogramsprod­
ucersareguaranteedanappropriateremunerationfor
thecommunication tothepublicbysatelliteoftheir
performancesorphonograms ;(19)Whereastheminimumprotectionprovidedforneigh­
bouringrightsismainlytakenfromthesubstanceof
theRomeInternational ConventionontheProtection
ofPerformers,ProducersofPhonogramsandBroad­
castingOrganizations whichatpresentmustbecon­
sideredtoprovidethemostcomprehensive standard
ofprotectionofneighbouringrightsintheinterna­
tionalfield;whereasthisstandardhasbeenaccepted
bythemajorityofMemberStates;whereas,however,
inaccordancewiththeaimsofthisDirective,itisnot
appropriatetoallowforderogationscorresponding to
thoseprovidedforintheRomeConvention ;
(20)Whereasthecableretransmission ofprogrammes
fromotherMemberStatesisanactsubjecttocopy­
rightandneighbouringrights;whereasthecableoper­
atormustthereforeobtaintheauthorization from
everyholderofrightsineachpartoftheprogramme
retransmitted ;whereas,underthisDirective,the
authorizations shouldbegrantedcontractuallyunless
anexceptionisprovidedforinthecaseofexisting
legallicenceschemes;(23)Whereasthecableretransmission ofprogrammes
fromotherMemberStatesisanactsubjecttocopy­
rightand,asthecasemaybe,rightsrelatedtocopy­
right;whereasthecableoperatormusttherefore
obtaintheauthorizationfromeveryholderofrightsin
eachpartoftheprogrammeretransmitted ;whereas,
underthisDirective,theauthorizations shouldbe
grantedcontractuallyunlessatemporaryexceptionis
providedforinthecaseofexistinglegallicence
schemes;
(21)WhereasthisDirective,throughtheobligationtohave(24)Unchanged
recoursetoacollectingsociety,providesfortheexclu­
sivecollectiveexerciseoftheauthorizationrighttothe
extentthatthisisrequiredbythespecialfeaturesof
cableretransmission ;whereasthisDirectiveisthereby
seekingtoensurethatthesmoothoperationofcon­
tractualarrangements isnotcalledintoquestionby
theinterventionofoutsidersholdingrightsinindivi­
dualpartsoftheprogramme ;whereastheauthoriza­
tionrightassuchremainsintactandonlytheexercise
ofthisrightisregulatedtosomeextent,sothatthe
righttoauthorizeacableretransmission canstillbe
assigned;whereasthisDirectivedoesnotaffectthe
exerciseofmoralrights;
(25)WhereastheexemptionprovidedforinArticle10
doesnotlimitthechoiceofholdersofrightstotrans­
fertheirrightstoacollectingsocietyandtherebyhave
adirectshareintheremuneration paidbythecable
distributorforcableretransmission ;
0)OJNoL346,27.11.1992,p.61.

NoC25/48 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 28.1.93
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
(22)Whereascontractualagreementsregardingtheauthor­
izationofcableretransmission shallbepromotedby
additionalmeasures;whereas,tobeginwith,allthe
rightsnecessaryforacableretransmission shouldbe
acquiredintheformofageneralcontract;whereas,
furthermore ,anypartyshallbeentitled,atany
moment,tocallupontheassistanceofimpartial
mediatorswhosetaskitistoassistnegotiationsandto
putforwardnon-bindingproposals;whereas,finally,it
isnecessarytoensurethatthenegotiationsarenot
improperlyblockedorthatindividualholdersofrights
arenotimproperlypreventedfromtakingpartinthe
negotiations ;whereasnoneofthesemeasuresforthe
promotionoftheacquisitionofrightscallsintoques­
tionthecontractualnatureoftheacquisitionofcable
rights;(26)Whereascontractualagreementsregardingtheauthor­
izationofcableretransmission shallbepromotedby
additionalmeasures;whereasapartyseekingthecon­
clusionofageneralcontractshouldforitspartbe
obligedtosubmitcollectiveproposalsforanagree­
ment;whereas,furthermore ,anypartyshallbeenti­
tled,atanymoment,tocallupontheassistanceof
impartialmediatorswhosetaskitistoassistnegotia­
tionsandtoputforwardnon-bindingproposals;wher­
eas,finally,itisnecessarytoensurethatthenegotia­
tionsarenotblockedwithoutvalidjustificationorthat
individualholdersarenotpreventedwithoutvalidjus­
tificationfromtakingpartinthenegotiations ;whereas
noneofthesemeasuresforthepromotionofthe
acquisitionofrightscallsintoquestionthecontractual
natureoftheacquisitionofcablerights;
(23)Whereas,however,Communityrulesarenotneeded (27)Unchanged
todealwithallofthosematterswhoseeffects,perhaps
withsomecommerciallyinsignificantexceptions,are
feltonlyinsidethebordersofasingleMemberState;
(24)WhereasthisDirectivelaysdowntheminimumrules(28)Unchanged
neededtoestablishandguaranteefreeanduninter­
ruptedcross-borderbroadcasting bysatelliteand
simultaneous ,unalteredcableretransmission ofpro­
grammesbroadcastfromotherMemberStates,on
whatisessentiallyacontractualbasis;
(25)WhereasthisDirectivedoesnotprejudicefurtherhar­
monizationinthefieldofcopyrightandneighbouring
rightsandthecollectiveadministration ofsuchrights;(29)WhereasthisDirectivedoesnotprejudicefurtherhar­
monizationinthefieldofcopyrightandrightsrelated
tocopyrightandthecollectiveadministration ofsuch
rights;
(30)WhereasitisthereforeamatterfortheMember
Statestosupplementthegeneralprovisionsneededto
achievetheobjectivesofthisDirectivebytakinglegis­
lativeandadministrative measursintheirdomestic
law,providedthesedonotruncountertotheobjec­
tivesofthisDirectiveandarecompatiblewithCom­
munitylaw;(26)WhereasitisthereforeamatterfortheMember
Statestosupplementthegeneralprovisionsneededto
achievetheobjectivesofthisDirectivebytakinglegis­
lativeandadministrative measuresintheirdomestic
law,providedthesedonotruncountertotheobjec­
tivesofthisDirectiveandarecompatiblewithCom­
munitylaw;whereas,inparticular,MemberStatesare
accordinglyfreetolaydownrulesfortheprotectionof
rightsrelatedtocopyrightwhichgobeyondthose
providedforinthisDirective;
(31)Unchanged (27)WhereasthisDirectivedoesnotaffecttheapplicabil­
ityofthecompetitionrulesinArticle85and86ofthe
Treaty,

28.1.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC25/49
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
HASADOPTED THISDIRECTIVE :
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article1
ForthepurposeofthisDirective :
1.'satellite'meansanysatelliteoperatingonfrequency
bandswhich,undertelecommunications law,are
reservedforthebroadcastofsignalsforreceptionby
thepublicorwhicharereservedforclosed,point-to­
pointcommunication .Inthelattercase,however,the
circumstances inwhichindividualreceptionofthesig­
nalstakesplacemustbecomparabletothosewhich
applyinthefirstcase;CHAPTER I
DEFINITIONS
Article1
ForthepurposeofthisDirective :
(a)'satellite'meansanysatelliteoperatingeitheronfre­
quencieswhichundertelecommunications lawallow
receptionbythepublic(abroadcastingsatellite)oron
frequencieswhicharereservedforclosed,point-to­
pointcommunication (acommunications satellite).In
thelattercase,however,thecircumstances inwhich
individualreceptionofthesignalstakesplacemustbe
comparabletothosewhichapplyinthecaseofbroad­
castingsatellites;
(b)'communication tothepublicbysatellite'insidethe
Communitymeanstheactoftakingasingledecision
onthecontentandthetransmissionbysatelliteofpro­
gramme-carryingsignalsbythebroadcaster .Thisact
ofcommunication tothepublicbysatelliteoccursin
theMemberStatewherethebroadcastertakesthesin­
gledecisiononthecontentandthetransmissionby
satelliteofprogramme-carrying signals.Ifthepro­
gramme-carrying signalsareencrypted,communica­
tiontothepublicbysatellitemeanstheactoftakinga
singledecisiononthecontentandthetransmissionof
theprogrammecarryingsignalsunderthecondition
thatdecodersareprovidedtothepublicbythebroad­
casterhimselforwithhisapproval.Thereisnocom­
municationtothepublicbysatellite,however,ifthere
isanyinterruptionofthechainofbroadcastingequip­
mentbetweenthepointwhereasingledecisionis
takenandthetransmissionoftherelevantsignalsfrom
thesatellite;2.'communication tothepublicbysatellite'meansthe
actofintroducing ,underthecontrolandresponsibility
ofthebroadcastingorganization ,theprogramme-car­
ryingsignalsintendedforreceptionbythepublicinto
anuninterrupted chainofcommunication leadingto
thesatelliteanddowntowardstheearth.
(a)Theactofcommunication tothepublicbysatel­
liteoccurssolelyintheMemberStatewhere
underthecontrolandresponsibilityofthebroad­
castingorganizationtheprogramme-carrying sig­
nalsareintroducedintoanuninterrupted chainof
communication leadingtothesatelliteanddown
towardstheearth.
(b)Iftheprogramme-carrying signalsareencrypted,
thenthereiscommunication tothepublicby
satelliteundertheconditionthatmeansforthe
decryptingofthebroadcastareprovidedtothe
publicbythebroadcastingorganizationorwith
hisconsent.
(c)Whereanactofcommunication tothepublicby
satelliteoccursinanon-Community Statein
whichtheprotectionprovidedunderChapterII
ofthisDirectivedoesnotexist,and
—iftheprogamme-carrying signalsaretrans­
mittedtothesatellitefromanuplinkstation
situatedinaMemberState,theactofcom­
municationtothepublicshallbedeemedto
haveoccuredinthatMemberStateandthe
rightsprovidedforunderChapterIIshallbe
exercisableagainstthepersonoperatingthe
uplinkstation,or
—ifthereisnouseofanup-linkstationsituated
inaMemberStatebutabroadcastingorgan­
izationestablished inaMemberStatehas
commissioned theactofcommunication to
thepublic,thatactshallbedeemedtohave
occurredinthatMemberStateandtherights
providedforunderChapterIIshallbeexer­
cisableagainstthebroadcastingorganization ;

NoC25/50
9 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 28.1.93
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
(c)'cableretransmission 'meansthesimultaneous ,unal­
teredandunabridgedretransmission ofabroadcast
fromanotherMemberStatebyacableormicrowave
systemforreceptionbythepublic;3.'cableretransmission 'meansthesimultaneous ,
unalteredandunabridgedretransmission bya
cableormicrowavesystemforreceptionbythe
publicofaninitialtransmissionfromanother
MemberState,bywireorovertheair,including
thatbysatellite,oftelevisionorradiopro­
grammesintendedforreceptionbythepublic;
Deleted (d)'broadcasting'meanstheinitialtransmission ,bywire
orovertheair,includingthatbysatellite,oftelevision
orradioprogrammesintendedforreceptionbythe
public;
(e)'collectingsociety'meansanorganizationwhosemem­
bershaveappointedittomanagecopyrightorrelated
rights.4.'collectingsociety'meansanyorganizationwhich
managesoradministerscopyrightorrightsrelatedto
copyright;
5.forthepurposesofthisDirectivetheprincipaldirector
ofacinematographic oraudiovisualworkshallbecon­
sideredasitsauthororoneofitsauthors.Member
Statesmayprovideforotherstobeconsideredasits
co-authors .
CHAPTER II
BROADCASTING OFPROGRAMMES BYSATELLITE
Article2
Broadcastingright
MemberStatesshallprovideanexclusiverightforthe
authortoauthorizeorprohibitthecommunication tothe
publicbysatelliteofcopyrightworks,subjecttotheprovi­
sionssetoutinthisChapter.CHAPTER II
BROADCASTING OFPROGRAMMES BYSATELLITE
Article2
Broadcastingright
MemberStatesshallprovidearightfortheautherto
authorizeortoprohibitthecommunication tothepublic
bysatelliteofcopyrightworks,subjecttotheprovisionsset
outinthisChapter.
Article3
Acquisitionofbroadcastingrights
1.MemberStatesshallensurethattherightreferedtoin
Article2maybeacquiredonlybyagreement .
2.Where,on31July1991,itisprovidedbyaMember
Statethatanagreementbetweenacollectingsocietyanda
broadcastingorganizationmaybeextendedtoinclude
holdersofrightsnotrepresentedbythecollectingsociety,
thisshallcontinuetobepossibleuntil31December1997.Article3
Acquisitionofbroadcastingrights
1.MemberStatesshallensurethattheauthorization
referredtoinArticle2maybeacquiredonlybyagree­
ment.Theremuneration shallbestatedintheagreement
andshalltakeaccountofallaspectsofthebroadcast .
2.AMemberStatemayprovidethatacollectiveagree­
mentbetweenacollectingsocietyandabroadcasting
organizationconcerningagivencategoryofworksmaybe
extendedtorightholdersofthesamecategorywhoarenot
representedbythecollectingsocietyprovidedthat:
—thecommunication tothepublicbysatellitesimilcasts
aterrestrialbroadcastbythesamebroadcasting
organization ,and
—theunrepresented rightholdershall,atanytime,have
thepossibilityofexcludingtheeffectoftheextension
ofthecollectiveagreementtohisrightsandofexercis­
inghisrightseitherindividuallyorcollectively .
Unchanged 3.Paragraph2shallnotapplytocinematographic works,
includingworkscreatedbyaprocessanalogoustocinema­
tography.

28.1.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC25/51
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
Article4
Performers
MemberStatesshallprovidethatperformersshallenjoy
theright:
—toauthorizeorprohibitthecommunication tothe
publicbysatelliteoftheirperformanceexceptwhere
theperformanceusedinthebroadcasting isitself
alreadyabroadcastperformanceorismadefroma
fixation,
—toauthorizeorprohibitthefixationoftheirunfixed
performances ,
—toauthorizeorprohibitthereproductionofafixation
oftheirperformance .Article4
Rightsrelatedtocopyright
1.Forthepurposesofcommunication topublicbysatel­
lite,theMemberStatesshallprovidethattherightsofper­
formers,phonogramproducersandbroadcastingorganiza­
tionsareprotectedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsof
Articles6,7,8and10ofDirective92/100/EEC.
2.Forthepurposesofparagraph1,'broadcastingby
wirelessmeans'inDirective90/100/EECshallbeunder­
stoodasincludingcommunication tothepublicbysatellite
assetoutinArticle1,paragraph2.
3.TheprovisionslaiddowninArticle3,paragraph1,of
thisDirectiveshallaplytotheacquisitionofrightsgranted
toperformersandbroadcastingorganizationspursuantto
Article8ofDirective92/100/EEC,withoutprejudiceto
theprovisionsofArticle10ofDirective92/100/EEC.
Deleted Article5
Remuneration fortheuseofphonograms
MemberStatesshallprovidethatifaphonogrampub­
lishedforcommercialpurposes,orareproductionofsuch
phonogram ,isuseddirectlyforacommunication tothe
publicbysatellite,asingleequitableremunerationshallbe
paidtotheperformers ,ortotheproducersofthephono­
grams,ortoboth.
Article6 Deleted
Broadcastingorganizations
MemberStatesshallprovidethatbroadcastingorganiza­
tionsshallenjoytherighttoauthorizeorprohibit:
—thesimultaneousretransmission oftheirbroadcastsby
satellite,
—thefixationoftheirbroadcasts ,
—thereproductionoffixationsoftheirbroadcasts .
Article7 Deleted
Limitationsonrights
1.MemberStatesmayprovideforlimitationstothepro­
tectionguaranteedbyArticles4,5and6onlyasregards:
—privateuse,
—useofshortexcerptsinconnectionwiththereporting
ofcurrentevents,
—ephemeralfixationbyabroadcastingorganizationby
meansofitsownfacilitiesandforitsownbroadcasts,
—usesolelyforpurposesofteachingorscientific
research .

NoC25/52 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 28.1.93
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
2.Notwithstanding paragraph1ofthisArticle,anyMem­
berStatemayprovideforthesamekindsoflimitationwith
regardtotheprotectionofperformers,producersofphon­
ogramsandbroadcastingorganizationsasitprovidesforin
itslegislationconcerningtheprotectionofcopyrightinlit­
eraryandartisticworks.However,compulsorylicences
maybeprovidedforonlytotheextenttowhichtheyare
compatiblewiththeRomeInternationalConventionfor
theProtectionofPerformers ,ProducersofPhonograms
andBroadcastingOrganizations .
Article5
Relationbetweencopyrightandrelatedrights
Protectionofcopyright-related rightsunderthisDirective
shallleaveintactandshallinnowayaffecttheprotection
ofcopyright.
Article6
Minimumprotection
1.MemberStatesmayprovideformorefar-reaching
protectionforholdersofrightsrelatedtocopyrightthan
thatrequiredbyArticle8ofDirective92/100/EEC.Article8
Minimumprotection
1.MemberStatesmayprovideformorefar-reachingpro­
tectionforauthors,andholdersofneighbouring rights
undertheirjurisdictionthanthatrequiredbyArticles2to
6.
2.Inapplyingparagraph1MemberStatesshallobserve
thedefinitionscontainedinpoints(a)and(b)ofArticle1.2.Inapplyingparagraph1MemberStatesshallobserve
thedefinitionscontainedinparagraphs 1and2ofArticle
1.
Article9
Transitionalprovision
Agreementsconcerningtheexploitationofprotected
worksandservices,inforceon1January1995,shallnotbe
subjecttoArticles2to8until31December1997ifthey
expireafterthatdate.Article7
Transitionalprovision
Agreementsconcerningtheexploitationofprotected
worksandsubjectmatter,inforceon1January1995,shall
besubjecttotheprovisionsofArticles2,3and4,para­
graph2,from1January1998oniftheyexpireafterthat
date.
CHAPTER III
CABLERETRANSMISSION
Article10
Cableretransmission right
1.MemberStatesshallensurethatwhenprogrammes
fromotherMemberStatesareretransmitted bycablein
theirterritorytheapplicablecopyrightandneighbouring
rightsareobserved,andthatsuchretransmission takes
placeonthebasisofagreementsbetweencopyrightown­
ers,holdersofneighbouringrightsandcableoperators.CHAPTER III
CABLERETRANSMISSION
Article8
Cableretransmission right
1.MemberStatesshallensurethatwhenprogrammes
fromotherMemberStatesareretransmitted bycablein
theirterritorytheapplicablecopyrightandrightsrelated
tocopyrightareobserved,andthatsuchretransmission
takesplaceonthebasisofagreementsbetweencopyright
owners,holdersofrightsrelatedtocopyrightandcable
operators .

28.1.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC25/53
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
2.Unchanged 2.Notwithstanding paragraph 1,MemberStatesmay
retainuntil31December1997suchstatutorylicencesys­
temsthatareinoperationorexpresslyprovidedforby
nationallawon31July1991.
Article11
Exerciseofthecableretransmission rightArticle9
Exerciseofthecableretransmission right
1.MemberStatesshallensurethattherightofcopyright
ownersandholdersofneighbouringrightstoauthorizeor
prohibitthecableretransmission ofabroadcastmaybe
exercisedonlythroughacollectingsociety.1.MemberStatesshallensurethattherightofcopyright
ownersandholdersofrightsrelatedtocopyrighttogrant
orrefuseauthorizationtoacableoperatorforthecable
retransmission ofabroadcastmaybeexercisedonly
throughacollectingsocietyrepresentingtheprofessional
categoriesconcerned .
2.Aholderofarightwhohasnottransferredtheman­
agementofhisrightstoacollectingsocietyshallhavea
claimtocompensation onthecollectingsocietywhich
managerrightsofthesamecategory.Hisclaimshallbe
confinedtothesumwhichhewouldhavereceivedifhe
hadmandatedthecollectingsocietytoexercisehisrights.2.Wherearightholderhasnottransferredthemanage­
mentofhisrightstoacollectingsociety,thecollecting
societywhichmanagesrightsofthesamecategoryshallbe
deemedtobemandatedtomanagehisrights.Wheremore
thanonecollectingsocietymanagesrightsofthatcategory,
therightholdershallbefreetochoosewhichofthosecol­
lectingsocietiesisdeemedtomanagehisrights.Aright­
holderreferredtointhisparagraphshallenjoythesame
rightsandobligationsresultingfromtheagreement
betweenthecableoperatorandthecollectingsociety
whichisdeemedtobemandatedtomanagehisrightsas
themembersofthatcollectingsocietyandheshallbeable
toclaimthoserights,withinaperiodoftwoyears.
Article12 Article10
Exerciseofthecableretransmission rightbybroadcasting
organizationsExerciseofthecableretransmission rightbybroadcasting
organizations
Article11shallnotapplytotherightsexercisedbya
broadcastingorganizationinrespectofitsowntransmis­
sions.1.MemberStatesshallensurethatArticle9doesnot
applytotherightsexercisedbyabroadcastingorgan­
izationinrespectofitsowntransmissions ,irrespectiveof
whethertherightsconcernedareitsownorhavebeen
transferredtoitbyothercopyrightownersand/orholders
ofrightsrelatedtocopyright .
2.Thederogationprovidedforinparagraph1shallbe
withoutprejudicetotheoptionforcopyrightownersand
holdersofrightsrelatedtocopyrighttoclaim,through
theircollectingsocieties,directparticipationintheremu­
nerationpaidbycableoperatorsforcableretransmission .

NoC25/54 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 28.1.93
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
Deleted Article13
Generalcontracts
MemberStatesshallensurethatapartyseekingthecon
elusionofageneralcontractisforitspartobligedtosub
mitcollectiveproposalsforanageement.
Article14
MediatorsArticle11
Mediators
1.Unchanged 1.Wherenoagreementisconcludedregardingauthoriza­
tionofthecableretransmission ofabroadcast,Member
Statesshallensurethateitherpartymaycalluponthe
assistanceofoneorseveralmediatorsreferredtoinpara­
graphs2and3.
2.Unchanged 2.Themediatorsshallhavethetaskofprovidingassist­
ancewithnegotiation .Theymayalsosubmitnon-binding
recommendations totheparties.
3.Ifneitherofthepartiesexpressesandmotivatesits
oppositiontothisrecommandation withinaperiodof
threemonthsfromthenotificationoftherecommendation
tothepartiesitispresumedthatallthepartiesacceptthe
recommendation .
3.MemberStatesshallensurethatthemediatorsareso
selectedthattheirimpartialityisbeyonddoubt.4.Themediatorsshallbesoselectedthattheirneutrality
andimpartialityarebeyonddoubt.
Article12 Article15
Preventionoftheabuseofnegotiatingpositions Preventionoftheabuseofnegotiatingpositions
MemberStatesshallensurethatthepartiesdonotimpro­
perlypreventnegotiationregardingauthorizationforcable
retransmission .MemberStatesshallensure,bymeansofciviloradminis­
trativelaw,asappropriate ,thatthepartiesdonotwithout
validjustificationpreventnegotiationregardingauthoriza­
tionforcableretransmission .
CHAPTER IV CHAPTER IV
GENERAL PROVISIONS GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article16 Deleted
Competitionrules
ThisDirectiveshallbewithoutprejudicetotheCom­
munitycompetitionrules.
Article17
Collectiveadministration ofrights
Theregulationoftheactivitiesofcollectingsocietiesshall
beamatterfortheMemberStates.Article13
Collectiveadministration ofrights
TheprovisionsofthisDirectiveshallbewithoutprejudice
totheregulationoftheactivitiesofcollectingsocietiesby
theMemberStates.

28.1.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC25/55
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL AMENDED PROPOSAL
Article18 Article14
Finalprovisions Finalprovisions
1.MemberStatesshallbringintoforcethelaws,regula-1.Unchanged
tionsandadministrative provisionsnecessarytocomply
withthisDirectiveby1January1995.Theyshallimmedia­
telyinformtheCommissionthereof.
WhenMemberStatesadopttheseprovisions,theseshall
containareferencetothisDirectiveorshallbeaccompa­
niedbysuchreferenceatthetimeoftheirofficialpublica­
tion.Theprocedureforsuchreferenceshallbeadoptedby
MemberStates.
2.MemberStatesshallcommunicatetotheCommission 2.Unchanged
theprovisionsofnationallawwhichtheyadoptinthefield
coveredbythisDirective.
Article19 Article15
ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates Unchanged