COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
C0M(93) 562 final 
Brussels, 16 November 1993 
REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION 
ON THE STATE OF 
THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY 
INTHECXWMUNITY 
SITUATION IN 1992 
few* 
Table of contents 
I. Introduction 
II. General economic background 
III. Shipping trends 
IV. Fleet trends 
V. Situation in the shipbuilding industry 
VI. Policy framework 
Annex I: Statistical data 
I. INTRODUCTION 
This report, issued pursuant to the Council Resolution of 19 September 1978, is aimed at 
providing an overview of the shipbuilding industry and market in 1992. 
The report sets out the main features of the year, namely: 
- a slight increase in the tonne-mile volume of seaborne trade, with a small 
accompanying increase in world fleet tonnage; 
- continued steady growth in deliveries (in cgt) of new vessels (+ 5.1%) and an upward 
trend in the number of vessels scrapped; 
- a further drop in demand for new vessels (- 26.0%) with a significant reduction (-
12.7%) in order book volume; 
- a downward trend in ship prices (in US dollars) which particularly affected overall 
tonnage for shipping petroleum and petroleum products. 
II. GENERAL ECONOMIC BACKGROUND 
In 1992, world economic activity remained depressed with world GDP increasing by only 
1.6 per cent in real terms. The economies of the United States and Canada started 
growing again after the recession of 1991, but experienced only modest rates of growth. 
The economy of Japan, on the other hand, started to slow down. The economies of 
these three important industrialised countries recorded in 1992 rates of growth of between 
1 and 2 per cent in real terms. The EFTA countries, on the other hand, experienced 
again a small decline in GDP while in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the 
inevitable adjustment process led to a new substantial drop in production. The only 
dynamic area was once again in Asia with the group of the so called "Dynamic Asian 
Economies"1 recording an impressive 6.2%. The economy of the Community was 
significantly affected by the depressed state of the world economy, by the continued tight 
monetary policies and by political and institutional difficulties. The average rate of growth 
of the Community in 1992 was just 0.9 per cent, but this masks a progressive deceleration 
of economic activity and towards the end of the year the Community was experiencing a 
recession. 
The world economy is expected to remain depressed in 1993. The recovery is expected 
to continue in North America, while the EFTA countries will continue to experience slightly 
negative rates of growth. The economy of Japan, which showed signs of weakness 
already in 1992, should expand by less than one per cent. On the whole, world GDP is 
expected to increase in 1993 by just over 1 %. 
1 Hong Kong, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand 
In the Community, a recovery is tentatively projected for the end of the year or the 
beginning of 1994. As a result, GDP is expected to decline in 1993 by about half a 
percentage point in real terms. 
In 1992, the growth of world trade accelerated in line with output growth: imports of goods 
increased by 4.8 per cent in real terms with Community imports growing less than those of 
the rest of the world (3.0 per cent). In 1993, it is expected that world trade will slow down 
up somewhat and expand by about 4 percent in real terms.. 
Investment increased by as much as 5.8 per cent in real terms in the USA in 1992, but 
declined by 0.8 per cent in Japan, thus responding fully to the improvement in prospects 
in the former country and to the deterioration in the latter. In 1993, investment is 
expected to remain strong in the USA (+6.3 per cent), but to decline slightly in Japan. In 
the Community, investment will decline substantially in 1993, with investment in 
equipment projected to contract by as much as four percentage points. 
III. SHIPPING TRENDS 
In terms of tonnage, world seaborne trade continued its upward trend in 1992 with a 
significantly higher growth rate (+ 2.3%) than was recorded between 1988 and 1991 
(3.3%-6.1%). 
Crude oil shipments showed the same rate of growth as in 1991 (1.305 billion tonnes as 
against 1.247 billion in 1991); iron ore shipments, on the other hand, showed a 6% drop 
in tonnage (from 358 million to 337 million). 1992 also saw a slowdown in the growth of 
coal shipments (370 million compared with 369 million) and grain (205 million compared 
with 200 million in 1991). 
ESLI 
WORLD SEABORNE TRADE (1973-1992) 
tm 
it» MR fat. I Oil and OS Products OdtcrCtigo 
In tonne-miles, the increase showed the same trend, with an overall volume of 18.280 
billion compared with 17.873 billion in 1991. 
Fi&J 
WORLD SEABORNE TRADE (1973-1992) 
As regards freight shipments, 1992 may be considered particularly negative, especially for 
carriers of petroleum products. The latter experienced, in the first nine months of the 
year, a 65% drop in revenue for VLCCs and a drop of about 60% for Suezmax and 
Aframax tankers. Bulk carriers and car carriers especially, however, escaped this 
downward trend. 
IV. FLEET TRENDS 
World fleet tonnage continued the upward trend (+ 1.4%) begun in 1989 to reach the 
record level of 652 million dwt. This rise is largely due, as in 1991, to deliveries of new 
tankers and the still low, albeit increasing, level of tonnage broken up. It should be 
emphasized that if one examines the situation of the world shipping market over the last 
twenty years, a gradual and constant ageing of the world fleet can be detected. 
6 
Q&3 
TONNAGE WITHDRAWN (1980 -1992) 
t«e no we HO m* wts mt mt urn m» mo MM ww 
UMDXJP ES3 PC*. STORAGE * BBCKBNUF 
In 1991 36% of vessels were over twenty years old. The 1992 increase in tonnage 
scrapped nevertheless remained insufficient to produce a clear improvement in the 
existing imbalance between supply and demand in shipping. 
Overall Community fleet tonnage continued to expand in 1992, as it had done in 1991. 
This was chiefly due to the expansion of the Greek and Dutch fleets. The fleets of other 
Community countries, on the other hand, experienced some shrinkage. The total 
Community fleet - with 63.9 million gt in 1991 - reached the 64.0 million mark in 1992, i.e. 
14.4% of the world fleet. 
Fig. 4 
WORLD AND COMMUNITY FLEETS (1980-1992) 
SON 
1 
1MO 1MI 1M2 1M1 1M4 IMS IM6 1M7 IfM 1M9 1990 1991 1993 
_*_EC _*_ WORLD 
V. SITUATION IN THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY 
A. General overview 
Production and new orders 
World production went up by 5.1% this year. This trend, generated above all in 1989 and 
1990 by a revival in demand for new construction, seems to reflect for 1992 greater 
productivity from shipyards in the main shipbuilding countries and the relatively important 
position occupied by non-traditional ships (namely containers, passenger vessels and 
ferries). 
Fig. 5 
IWXXXrnON-SWPS COMPLETED (1976-1992) 
H 
1*M MtO 1MI 19« 190 19*4 19*) I9W 19*7 MM It 
.«-EC -*-)ap«n _^_Kora __Wcrid 
>n*TMiwr >••!«• emmHttihruxmnwmnamMmHvnaui 9«9 1990 1991 1992 
As far as new orders are concerned, however, these declined by 26.0%, even bigger than 
the 16.7% drop of 1991. This downward trend was particularly apparent in the second 
and third quarters of 1992. The weakness of the sector was due to: 
- the slowdown in the growth of the world economy; 
- the overcapacity of shipping in relation to demand; 
- the resulting contraction in seaborne freight with increased reluctance on the part of 
shipowners to undertake major investment (with little return) in fresh construction. 
(2) 
8 
Fia. 6 
NEW ORDERS (1976-1892) 
Order books 
In the face of ever-shrinking demand, world order book volume dropped to 22.6 million cgt 
by the end of 1992, compared with 25.9 million at the end of 1991. Around 70% of book 
orders were due for delivery during 1993. The drop in fresh orders, together with the 
cautious position of the shipowners, does not appear to guarantee shipbuilders a 
satisfactory workload after 1994. As at 31 December 1992, orders on book for the 
Community represented 1.8 years of production at 1992 levels, for Japan and Korea 1.5 
years and for the world 1.9 years. 
BSLl 
ORDER BOOK (1976-1992) 
191* 1990 1911 1993 19*S 19*4 I9t) 19*4 .19*7 19M 19*9 liv*> 1991 1992 
_»_BC -+-*1» _*-Kow« _»_Wcrid 
IIMImif ImliiH n|lilt|IIIIIIIIMIIIIM— IIMIIIIIIIIIIII 
Shipbuilding prices 
Available reference prices concern Japanese and Korean shipyards and are mainly given 
in dollars. The drop experienced in 1992 by the dollar in relation to the ecu and the yen 
exacerbated the difficulties, especially those faced by Japanese and European yards. 
While sales prices fell in terms of constant dollars compared with 1991, they did not slump 
drastically as they did at the height of the crisis in the 1980s. All shipbuilders appear to 
have abstained from getting involved in such a dramatic spiral. 
Fig. 8 
CONTRACT PRICES FOR ORDERS OF NEW VESSELS (1990-1992) 
19M MI 19*1 19*1 19*4 19*3 I9W 19*7 19M 19*9 1990 1991 1992 
»_ Tk*MM900DWT _^_ taearOMUclMOlSOaOODWt^- BafcUOOOODWT 
»_***a3«MD9rr _«_uara*M«i _»_tM73*Maa 
B. Situation in the Community. Japan and South Korea 
The Community 
Within the overall worldwide context, the Community situation was as follows: 
- deliveries were up by 7.3%, from 2.6 million cgt in 1991 to 2.8 million in 1992; 
- new orders were down by 19.0%, a relatively small drop compared with the worldwide 
situation; 
- order book figures shrank by 17.8%. 
The Community as a whole retained second place in the world league table, with market 
shares of 23.5% for deliveries, 19.9% for new orders and 23.3% for order books. 
10 
Japan 
While remaining the world's leading shipbuilder, Japan experienced a substantial decline 
in demand for new ships (- 26.3%) and in the workload for its yards (-17.8%). Its market 
shares, however, decreased only slightly. With the vast majority of contracts drawn up in 
yen, the increase in the yen's value in relation to the dollar would appear to be the main 
reason for this greater sensitivity in relation to other shipbuilding countries and 
competitors. The Japanese yards feel that this "lack of competitiveness" is merely a 
short-lived phenomenon and have therefore continued with investments to increase their 
efficiency of production even further. Hence they will be prepared for the revival in 
demand expected for the second half of the 1990s. 
South Korea 
South Korea appears to have felt the effects of the stagnation in demand most keenly. 
The volume of orders was down 52.4% compared with 1991. Shipowners' reluctance to 
invest in new supertankers seems to have affected Korean yards in particular2. As in the 
case of Japan, Korea appears ready and eager to get fully involved again in the 
international market by exploiting the indirect advantage of the revaluation of the yen in 
relation to the dollar (almost all contracts are drawn up in US dollars) by trying to expand 
its production to more specialized market segments such as containers or LNGs. 
VI. POLICY FRAMEWORK 
A. External policy 
In April 1992, despite the Commission's constructive efforts, the formal negotiations within 
the OECD begun in 1989 were suspended. This resulted from the impossibility of 
reaching agreement, particularly with Japan, South Korea and the USA, on certain points 
which, though limited in number, were of vital political significance. These concerned an 
effective defence mechanism against injurious pricing, soft loans to shipowners and the 
obligation to build solely in domestic yards. 
In December of the same year, a more open atmosphere became apparent in informal 
discussions between the various parties to the negotiations. This enabled the Chairman 
of the OECD Working Party to secure an agreement for resuming negotiations on the 
basis of a number of guidelines which he himself put forward. 
2 According to the latest data, this reluctance seems to have disappeared in the first few 
months of 1993 when the rise in the yen's value worked strongly in Korea's favour 
11 
B. Internal policy 
1. Maritime industries forum 
In the wake of the communication entitled "New Challenges to Maritime Industries"3 the 
Commission set up the Maritime Industries Forum. Apart from the maritime industries 
concerned, trade unions, the research community and Member States and the Nordic 
EFTA countries participated. 
Making use of plenary sessions and working groups, the Forum's work dealt with: 
- economic analysis of the maritime sector, 
- maritime safety and the marine environment; 
maritime transport; 
- R&D. 
The industry presented a report to the Commission at the Forum's final plenary session at 
the end of October 1992 with recommendations for further action. These 
recommendations, directed not only at the Commission but also at the industry and the 
Member States, propose that the Forum's activities be continued. Judging that most of 
the recommendations aimed to boost the industry's competitiveness, the Commission 
included them in its communication entitled The European maritime industries: further 
steps for strengthening their competitiveness"4 which it sent to the Council, European 
Parliament and Economic and Social Committee. 
Following this communication, the Forum continued its work and, in line with the industry's 
wishes, organization of the Forum was placed in the hands of the maritime industries. 
The work focused on: 
- short-sea shipping; 
- marine resources; 
- ship financing. 
Research and development 
A first outline of the forthcoming 4th Framework Programme for Research and 
Technological Development (1994-1998) which was presented in a working paper by the 
Commission in October 1992. In June 1993, the Commission approved the formal 
proposal to the Council5 Between its many innovations is a program line covering 
research for a European transport policy in which the need for RTD activities to support 
an orientation towards multimodal transport is identified. This coincides with view points 
of the Maritime Industries Forum which, in its continued work, is also identifying a number 
of strategically important RTD areas, including : short-sea shipping, maritime resources, 
combined land sea transport. 
3 COM(91) 335 final, 20.9.1991 
4 COM(92) 490 final, 18.11.1992 
5 COM (93) 276 final du 16.06.1993 
12 
European shipbuilders and maritime oriented RTD-intensive enterprises are participating 
in a number of Community funded RTD programmes, such as BRITE/EURAM, ESPRIT, 
SPRINT and EURET as well as in the EUREKA programme. Current RTD projects 
include hydrodynamic design tools for Surface Effect Ships, structural problems 
associated with sloshing in tanks, laser welding, and implementation of advanced 
technology in ships'systems to optimise manpower and improve competitiveness. 
3. Technical harmonization : 
The proposal for a Directive on the constructional aspects of recreational craft which was 
approved by the Commission on 15 April 1992 was scheduled for its first reading at the 
Working Party on Economic Questions at the beginning of 1993. 
The elimination of barriers to trade and the uniform application of requirements set by the 
international conventions of SOLAS and MARPOL, in order to achieve equal high levels 
of safety, are the main motives behind the long discussed isssue of harmonisation of the 
requirements to marine equipment. Further informal consultations with member states 
and industry have helped to clarify appropriate ways of obtaining a convergent 
implementation of the international rules, and it is expected that proposals for one or more 
directives in this field will be adopted in the coming year. 
4. Employment 
In 1992 employment figures in the shipbuilding industry confirmed the declining trend. 
This was most keenly felt by the Portuguese and Spanish shipyards, but the German 
shipbuilding industry was not affected, showing a slight increase in the number of jobs. 
Fig. 9 
EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF NEW VESSELS IN THE COMMUNITY 
250 
ANNEX 
JA 
Statistical 
Data 
TABLE 1 • WORLD SEABORNE TRADE AMD CARGO FLEET 
I 
I 1973 
I 1974 
1975 
1976 
1977 
1978 
1979 
1980 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 Est. OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS 
Seaborne trade 
'000 million 
tonne-miles 
10217 
10621 
9730 
11149 
11403 
10546 
10497 
9239 
8193 
6282 
5558 
5648 
5157 
5905 
6016 
6510 
7276 
7821 
8287 
8610 index 
73=100 
100! 
104 
95 
109 
112 
103 
103 
90 
80 
61 
54 
55 
50 
58 
59 
64 
71 
77 
81 
84 Fleet n 
million 
DWT 
234.3 
275.4 
313.0 
343.9 
356.1 
353.0 
350.9 
348.4 
342.9 
322.5 
301.4 
285.1 
257.1 
249.7 
245.8 
248.8 
255.6 
262.2 
270.9 
276.3 index 
73=100 
100 
118 
134 
147 
152 
151 
150 
149 
146 
138 
129 
122 
110 
107 
105 
106 
109 
112 
116 
118 OTHER CAROO 
Seaborne trade 
'000 million 
tonne-miles 
5187 
5766 
5666 
5929 
6086 
6407 
7058 
7415 
7523 
7269 
7078 
7836 
7929 
7951 
8284 
8789 
9109 
9300 
9586 
9670 index 
73=100 
100 
111 
109 
114 
117 
124 
136 
143 
145 
140 
136 
151 
153 
153 
160 
169 
176 
179 
185 
186 Fleet O 
million 
DWT 
205.6 
218.5 
230.7 
247.4 
268.5 
279.7 
287.0 
292.9 
305.8 
320.5 
331.0 
341.1 
348.2 
345.5 
342.2 
345.0 
353.6 
365.5 
372.0 
375.5 index 
73=100 
100 
106 
112 
120 
131 
136 
140 
142 
149 
156 
161 
166 
169 
168 
166 
168 
172 
178 
181 
183 TOTAL 
Seaborne trade 
'000 million 
tonne-miles 
15404 
16387 
15396 
17078 
17489 
16953 
17555 
16654 
15716 
13551 
12636 
13484 
13086 
13856 
14300 
15299 
16385 
17121 
17873 
18280 index 
73=100 
100 
106 
100 
111 
114 
110 
114 
108 
102 
88 
82 
88 
85 
90 
93 
99 
106 
111 
116 
119 Fleet H 
million 
DWT 
439.9 
493.9 
543.7 
591.3 
624.6 
632.7 
637.9 
641.3 
648.7 
643.0 
632.4 
626.2 
605.3 
595.2 
588.0 
593.8 
609.2 
627.7 
642.9 
651.8 index 
73=100 
100 
112 
124 
134 
142 
144 
145 
146 
147 
146 
144 
142 
138 
135 
134 
135 
138 
143 
146 
148 
Est.: Estimates 
(*) As at the end of the year 
Source: FEARNLEYS REVIEW 
TABLE 2 - TONNAGE WITHDRAWN 
TONNAGE 
as at mid 
December 
1980 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1984 
! 1985 
1986 
! 1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 number 
of ships 
237 
297 
1247 
1409 
1060 
884 
633 
390 
276 
200 
164 
191 
273 LAID UP 
million 
GT 
5.1 
11.3 
38.8 
40.9 
31.9 
25.9 
12.2 
8.5 
4.5 
2.6 
2.4 
2.7 
5.3 million 
DWT 
8.9 
20.9 
73.8 
77.6 
59.6 
48.6 
21.5 
14.6 
7.0 
4.0 
3.9 
4.3 
9.4 TONNAGE BROKEN UP 
during 
1980 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 number 
of ships 
887 
824 
1081 
1323 
1500 
1722 
1576 
1094 
812 
512 
479 
445 
603 million 
GT 
9.2 
9.8 
18.1 
20.3 
19.7 
26.3 
20.9 
12.9 
6.1 
4.0 
3.3 
5.0 
10.7 million 
DWT 
15.9 
17.5 
32.2 
36.9 
34.8 
47.8 
36.2 
22.0 
9.9 
6.6 
5.3 
8.4 
19.8 TONNAGE FOR STORAGE 
as at the end 
of December 
1980 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
1988 
1989 
1990 
1991 
1992 million 
DWT 
12.9 
20.8 
13.1 
10.6 
10.5 
9.6 
14.6 
11.9 
10.4 
7.9 
12.4 
6.1 
5.2 
Sources: Institute of Shipping Economics - Bremen; Feamleys Review - Oslo 
X 
TABLE 3 - WORLD AND COMMUNITY FLEETS 
! MEMBER STATES'FLEETS BY FLAG " " '0ÛÛÔT 
BELGIUM 
DENMARK 
FRANCE 
GERMANY 
GREECE 
IRELAND 
ITALY 
LUXEMBOURG 
NETHERLANDS 
PORTUGAL 
SPAIN 
UNITED KINGDOM 
TOTAL EC Existing fleet as at the 1 st of July 
1980 
1810 
5390 
11925 
8356 
39472 
209 
11096 
5724 
1356 
8112 
27135 1981 ! 1982 
1917 
5048 
11455 
7708 
42005 
268 
10641 
5468 
1377 
8134 
25419 2271 
5214 
10771 
7707 
40035 
239 
10375 
5393 
1402 
8131 
22505 
1205851 119440! 114043 1983 
2274 
5115 
9888 
6897 
37478 
223 
10015 
4940 
1338 
7505 
19122 
104795 1984 
2407 
5211 
8945 
6242 
35059 
221 
9158 
4586 
1571 
7005 
15874 
96279 1985 
2400 
4942 
8237 
6177 
31032 
194 
8843 
4301 
1437 
6256 
14344 
88163 1986 
2420 
4651 
5936 
5565 
28391 
149 
7897 
4324 
1114 
5422 
11567 
77436 1987 
2268 
4873 
5371 
4318 
23560 
154 
7817 
3908 
1048 
4949 
8505 
66771 1988 
2118 
4502 
4506 
3917 
21979 
173 
7794 
2 
3726 
989 
4415 
8260 
62381 1989 
2044 
4963 
4413 
3967 
21324 
167 
7009 
4 
3655 
726 
3962 
7646 
59880 1990 
1955 
5188 
3832 
4301 
20522 
181 
7991 
3 
3785 
854 
3807 
6716 
59135 1991 
314 
5871 
3988 
5971 
22753 
195 
8122 
1703 
3872 
891 
3617 
6611 
63908 1992 
256 
5781 
4205 
5552 
24542 
198 
7730 
1581 
4250 
718 
3225 
6017 
64055 
WORLD FLEET 4199111 4208351 4247421 4225901 4186821 4162691 4049101 4034981 4034061 4104811 4236271 4360271 4443CK 
16.5%] 15.5%! 14.6%] 14.0%] % EC / World 28.7% ] 28.4% ; 26.8%] 24.8% I 23.0% 21.2%i 19.1% 14^%1 14.4% 
Source: Lloyd's Register of Shipping 
TABLE 4 • CONTRACT PRICES FOR ORDERS OF NEW VESSELS 
TYPE" SIZE If 1585" im TSS4" T98T T58B" TSBT 3M THF 139T 199T 1382" 1583" 
TANKER 
TANKER 
TANKER 
TANKER 
TANKER 
TANKER (Double Hull) 
TANKER (Double Hull) 
TANKER (Double Hull) 
TANKER (Double Hull) 
OBO 
BULK CARRIER 
BULK CARRIER 
ji BULK CARRIER 
1 BULK CARRIER 
iJRO-RO 
ÎLNG CARRIER 
' LPG CARRIER 
LPG CARRIER 
LPG CARRIER 
LPG CARRIER 30 000 DWT 
80 000 DWT 
130 000 DWT 
250000DW1 
400 000DW1 
40 000 DWT 
95 000 DWT 
130000DWT 
280000DWT| 
96 000 DWT 
27 000 DWT 
38 000 DWT 
60 000 DWT 
120000DWTI 
5000 DWT 
125 000 m3 
3 000m3 
12000m3 
24000m3 
75000m3 ^6\0~ 
34.5 
45.0 
63.0 
85.0 
47.0 
20.0 
28.5 
44.0 
16.0 
150.0 
12.5 
28.0 
34.5 
75.0 ~2T0~ 
38.0 
51.0 
72.5 
90.0 
44.0 
19.0 
27.5 
42.0 
20.0 
175.0 
12.0 
30.0 
37.0 
75.0 T7tf 
24.0 
32.5 
50.5 
61.0 
30.0 
13.0 
14.3 
18.0 
26.0 
15.0 
150.0 
10.0 
27.0 
33.0 
53.0 1&5 
23.0 
31.5 
48.5 
57.0 
28.0 
12.0 
13.7 
17.0 
25.0 
12.0 
150.0 
9.0 
27.0 
31.0 
50.0 1*5" 
21.0 
29.0 
44.0 
51.0 
26.0 
11.0 
13.5 
15.5 
24.0 
10.0 
130.0 
8.5 
21.0 
27.0 
45.0 13Î 
18.5 
25.0 
37.0 
44.0 
22.5 
10.0 
11.3 
14.0 
20.5 
9.0 
130.0 
8.5 
21.0 
26.0 
42.5 ~rao~ 
21.0 
26.5 
42.5 
50.5 
25.5 
11.5 
12.7 
15.0 
23.0 
10.0 
120.0 
8.5 
21.0 
26.0 
47.5 ~25J6 
29.0 
34.0 
54.0 
60.0 
32.0 
14.0 
16.2 
20.5 
30.0 
13.0 
145.0 
9.0 
25.0 
27.0 
55.0 ~2T0~ 
38.0 
46.0 
73.0 
88.0 
44.0 
20.0 
22.3 
27.0 
39.0 
16.0 
175.0 
13.0 
30.0 
39.0 
61.0 ~~3T0~ 
43.0 
54.0 
82.0 
101.0 
55.0 
22.5 
25.0 
30.0 
45.0 
19.0 
220.0 
16.0 
37.0 
46.0 
71.0 44.0 
55.0 
86.0 
120.0 
36.0 
51.0 
68.0 
110.0 
62.0 
21.5 
24.8 
31.5 
46.0 
21.0 
260.0 
16.0 
43.0 
52.0 
80.0 44.5 
55.5 
90.0 
125.0 
37.0 
52.0 
70.0 
115.0 
64.5 
22.0 
25.3 
32.0 
50.0 
22.0 
290.0 
16.0 
45.0 
55.0 
85.0 ~3Ô3] 
44.5 
55.5 
90.0 
125.0 
33.0 
47.0 
62.0 
100.0 
64.5 
22.0 
23.0 
32.0 
50.0 
22.0 
290.0 
16.0 
45.0 
55.0 
85.0 
Source: FEARNLEYS REVIEW 
Notes: - Prices in million US $ at the end of the year 
- Japanese and Korean yards are used as basis 
^ 
-*-> 
TABLE 5 A - PRODUCTION - SHIPS COMPLETED 
REVISEDRQURESATTHEENb^tHEyEAR^.^t^^f^'WM1 :»•-<#£ loooissn 
1976 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 
EC BELGIUM 139.8 129 6 95 5 83.0 173.2 102.3 124.4 45.0 25.9 46.8 35.5 71.7 21.8 97.6 
DENMARK 560 6 382 4 343 8 329.2 338 5 355.4 444.0 350.7 194.4 277.2 287.0 305.5 350.9 414 5 
FRANCE 672 4 267 8 443 3 353.3 356 8 357.2 164.1 145.0 207.9 63.2 198 8 114.0 171.1 ^82 4 
GERMANY (1) 1468 C 672 8 1270 3 1181.5 1267 8 1164.7 1143.2 1067.0 764.7 885.0 846.5 10016 810." 958.3 
GREECE N'A 12 8 5 2 618 35 7 39.8 43.8 24.7 6.6 12.3 12.5 45.5 6.3 0 0 
IRELAND 20 3 3.C 17 0 0.0 19 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.O CO 
ITALY 353.9 345 5 359 2 156.2 217.0 182.3 123.8 60.9 224.8 119.9 284.5 327 6 423 9 289 2 
NETHERLANDS 940.0 249 5 3416 390 0 415.8 259.3 310.2 262.8 146.2 153.1 171,9 263 5 357.0 27C 9 
PORTUGAL 53.C 35 3 6 4 312 124 7 18.5 40.3 61.0 26.3 23.0 46.3 64.6 38.5 64 4 
SPAIN 734 0 4414 556 8 587 4 488.7 345.9 400.3 229.8 328 4 326.4 306.0 364.8 301.2 428.3 
UNITED KINGDOM 985.1 458 6 243 2 394 0 319.3 305.3 164.4 141.5 162.3 113.2 157.3 144.6 170.5 139.5 
TOTAL EC 5927.1 2998.7 3682.3 3567.6 3756.7 3130.7 2S58.5 2388.4 2087.5-. 2020/1 2348.3 2703.4 i ,2651.3 2845.1 
OTHER FINLAND 
AWES NORWAY 
SWEDEN N/A 
N/A 
N/A 371,9 
323 7 
334,5 407 5 
342,1 
421.0 4478 
253.2 2783 
293 8 419.1 282.9 
175.9 222.1 
179.8 127.4 260.4 145.3 
162.8 181.3 
115.5 123.0 262.7 
155.2 
72.1 321.2 
79.4 
34.4 379 0 
157.9 
45.1 211.6 
2486 
46.3 2102 
311 4 
32.4 
TOTAL AWES 8285.8 4028.8 4852.9 4709.2 4832.1 3905.3, f. 3590.9 2927:!! i 2537.1 
5085.* S $795.3 t:2510it 
i.2952.7 2781.3 <; 3285.4 . ;3157.$ 3399.1! 
4379,3: JAPAN 83488 5207 2 5580.9 5811.1 4908.2 6951.1 6498.4 3664.1 4456.0 i 4417.4 
KOREA 349.4 445.7 512.2 88t>.3 985.5 1014.9 i 1633.3. ,1971.* K 1193.5 ' 1504î? - 13892 1564,2) 11729^ 1995.0] 
CHINA 
POLAND 
ROMANIA 
BULGARIA 
USSR 
RUSSIA 
UKRAINE 
YUGOSLAVIA 
CROATIA N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
N'A 
N/A N/A 
497 7 
N/A 
N/A 
424 8 
170 6 27 9 
3464 
N/A 
N.'A 
599.9 
224 8 1045 
369.5 
N/A 
N/A 
5042 
220,5 170.4 
277.1 
N/A 
N/A 
475.3 
217.0 297.8 
382.4 
N/A 
N/A 
689.5 
237.2 172.4 
357.5 
N/A 
N/A 
274,2 
281.4 214.6 207.3 
340.0 300.0 
N/A N/A 
N/A N/A 
170.4 44.3 
188.4 3.0 253.1 230.0 303.5 
344.0 237.9 176.6 
N/A N/A N/A 
N/A N/A N/A 
56.0 226.7 481.9 
230.5 327.7 293 4 2554 
223.0 
126.4 
71.0 
365,0 
239,7 282.1 
3058 
146.6 
61 6 
21.9 
118.6 
2C7 
238. 1 
REST OF WORLD 5094.2 1860.4 16960 1988.5 1686.7 1519.7 1360.5 1241.8 1164.5 747.3 1024.2 1095.3 940,9 11496 
TOTAL WORLD 22078 2 12635,2 13841.0 14587.8 13552.3 14998.1':> ! 14168.6 12139.1 9245.0 • 83&8.4 ! 9881.1 H85*3 I 11626:1 12116.4* 
Source "WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK" based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
(1 ) From 1980 on data includes production from Ex-GDR yards 
TABLE 5 B - PRODUCTION • SHIPS COMPLETED 
REVISED FIGURES AT THE ENDOFtWE;YÈAR ^F :ftf;; •?M: MARKET SHARES 
1976 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1935 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 -'992 
FT. 
(1: BELGIUM 
DENMARK 
FRANCE 
GERMANY 
GREECE 
IRELAND 
ITALY 
NETHERLANDS 
PORTUGAL 
SPAIN 
UNITED KINGDOM 0 6% 
2 5% 
3 0% 
6 6% 
N/A 
0 1% 
1 6% 
4.3% 
C2% 
3 3% 
4 5% 1,0% 
3 0% 
2 1% 
5 3% 
0.1% 
0 0% 
2.7% 
2 0% 
0 3% 
3.5% 
3 6% 0 7% 
2 5% 
3 2% 
9.2% 
00% 
0.1% 
2 6% 
2,5% 
0 0% 
4.0% 
1.8% 0.6% 
2.3% 
2.4% 
8 1% 
0.4% 
0.0% 
1.1% 
2.7% 
0.2% 
4.0% 
2.7% 1.3% 
2.5% 
2.6% 
9 4% 
0.3% 
0.1% 
1.6% 
3.1% 
0 9% 
3.6% 
2 4% 0.7% 
2.4% 
2.4% 
7.8% 
0.3% 
0.0% 
1.2% 
1.7% 
0.1% 
2.3% 
2.0% 0.9% 
3.1% 
1.2% 
8.1% 
0.3% 
0.0% 
0.9% 
2.2% 
0.3% 
2.8% 
1.2% 0.4% 
2.9% 
1.2% 
8.8% 
0.2% 
0.0% 
0.5% 
2.2% 
0.5% 
1.9% 
1.2% 0.3% 
2.1% 
2.2% 
8.3% 
0.1% 
0.0% 
2.4% 
1.6% 
0.3% 
3.6% 
1.8% 0.5% 
3.2% 
0.7% 
10.3% 
0.1% 
0.0% 
1.4% 
1.8% 
0.3% 
3.8% 
1.3% 0.4% 
2.9% 
2.0% 
8,6% 
0,1% 
0.0% 
2.9% 
1.7% 
0.5% 
3.1% 
1.6% 0.6% 
2.6% 
1.0% 
8.6% 
0.4% 
0.0% 
2.8% 
2.3% 
0.6% 
3.1% 
1.2% 3.0% 
1.5% 
7.0% 
0 1% 
0.0% 
3.7% 
3,1% 
0.3% 
2.6% 
1.5% ï.8% 
,.4% 
.5% 
.9% 
:.o% 
3.0% 
>.4% 
2.2% 
0.5% 
1.2% 
TOTAL EC 26.8% 23 7% 26.6% 245% 27.7% 20.9* 20.9% 19.7* 22.6*; r23.5% i23i7* 23*iT76 23.0% 23,5% 
OTHER FINLAND 
AWES NORWAY 
SWEDEN N/A 
N/A 
N/A 2.9% 
2,6% 
2.6% 2 9% 
2.5% 
30% 3.0% 
3.1% 
1.7% 3.7% 
2.1% 
2.2% 2.8% 
1.2% 
1.2% 2.0% 
1.6% 
0.9% 2.1% 1.6% 
1.3% 20% 
1.0% 1.3% 3.1% 
1.8% 
0.8% 3.3% 
0.8% 
0.3% 3,3% 
1.4% 
0.4% 1.8% 
2.2% 
0.4% 1 7% 
2 6% 
0.3% 
TOTAL AWES 37.5% 31.9% 35.1% 32.3% 35.7% 26.0% 25.3% 24.1% 27.4%: t 29.2* ! 2611% *•' 28.2* > 27.4% 28.0%! 
JAPAN 37.8% 41.2% 40.3% 39.8% 36.2% 46.3% 45.9% 41.9% 41.1% 34.3% '37;1% 38.2% 38.3% 
IfW 36.1% 
KOREA .6% 3.5% 3.7% 6.0% 7.3% 6.8% 11.5% 16.2% 12.9% •U3% 13.4% 15.0% 16.5% 
CHINA 
DOLAND 
ROMANIA 
BULGARIA, 
USSR 
RUSSIA 
UKRAINE 
YUGOSLAVIA 
CROATIA N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
N'A 
N/A N.'A 
3 9% 
N/A 
N/A 
3 4% 
1 4% 0.2% 
2.5% 
N'A 
N/A 
4 3% 
1.6% 0.7% 
2 5% 
N.'A 
N/A 
3.5% 
1.5% 1 3% 
2.0% 
N/A 
N/A 
1,6% 2.0% 
2.5% 
N/A 
N/A 
4.6% 1.2% 
2.5% 
N/A 
N/A 
1.9% 1.8% 
2.8% 
N/A 
N/A 
1.4% 2.2% 
3.2% 
N/A 
N/A 
0 5% 
16% 2.0% 1,6% 0.0% 2.9% 
4.0% 
N/A 
N/A 
0,7% 
2.7% 2.3% 
2.4% 
N/A 
N/A 
2.3% 
3.3% 2.6% 
1.5% 
N/A 
N/A 
4.1% 
2.5% 2.2% 
1.9% 
1 1% 
0.6% 
3.2% 
2.1% 2 3% 
2.5% 
1.2% 
0,5% 
C.2% 
1.0% 
0 2% 
2.0% 
RESr OF WORLD 23.1% 14.7% 12.3% 13.6% 124% 10.1% 9.6% 10.2% 12.6% 8.7% 10,4% 9.4% 8,2% 9.5% 
TOTAL WORLD 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% M00.0% , 100.0% ; 100.0%; 100.0% :>, 100.0% 100.0% j 100.0% 100.0% 
Source: "WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK" based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
(1 : ~'om 1980 on data includes production from Ex-GDR yards 
TABLE 6 A - NEW ORDERS 
REVISED FIGURES At THE END ©FINE YEAR -kW^ ÏÔWCW: 
1976 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 
EC 
{D BELGIUM 
DENMARK 
FRANCE 
GERMANY 
GREECE 
IRELAND 
ITALY 
NETHERLANDS 
PORTUGAL 
SPAIN 
UNITED KING?OM 75.0 
317 1 
63.6 
726 1 
I/A 
19.2 
301.5 
526 4 
73 0 
297 0 
627.6 53 8 
284 6 
556 4 
6130 
82.4 
1.3 
231 2 
373.3 
30.7 
737.5 
350 2 81.4 
296.6 
333 0 
1249.9 
4.5 
18.2 
144.7 
365 2 
55.5 
6752 
410.8 43.3 
250.6 
175.9 
1239.9 
10.3 
1.3 
243.2 
309.0 
278 
3239 
301.5 58 7 
4289 
136.4 
1236.9 
4.6 
0.0 
57.1 
237.3 
360 
2221 
150.4 69.5 
405.2 
106.5 
1072.9 
7.4 
0.0 
68.2 
248.4 
30.6 
92.2 
107.6 26.8 
86.0 
262.5 
1228.2 
29.4 
0.0 
257.4 
269.8 
1.2 
197.6 
224.4 43.2 
305.9 
132.4 
1297.1 
5.1 
0.0 
229.0 
137.0 
29.5 
258.5 
112.0 34.0 
219.2 
60.5 
8724 
6.5 
0.0 
408.7 
91.9 
78.1 
421.7 
116.5 52.0 
205.3 
204.6 
877.6 
6.1 
0.0 
172.3 
358.2 
33.1 
453.8 
124.2 101.7 
192.4 
165.9 
1400.6 
5.0 
0.0 
564.8 
238.3 
69.6 
274.1 
209.2 71.4 
596.4 
136.2 
875.6 
0.8 
0.0 
413.1 
277.1 
79.6 
487,8 
205,1 75,1 
265,9 
327.9 
559.1 
8.9 
0,0 
380.5 
296.7 
8.3 
74.6 
172.6 14.0 
246.6 
35.0 
858.9 
8 7 
0 0 
134 9 
211.0 
1.5 
127.5 
119.8 
TOTAL EC 3126.5 3314.4 3635.0 2926.7 2568.4 2208.5 2583.3 2549.7 2309.5 (24852 3216.8 3143.1 2169.8 1757.9 
OTHER FINLAND 
•AWES NORWAY 
SWEDEN N/A 
N/A 
N/A 523.9 
381.6 
205 4 502.5 
408.7 
359.3 221.1 
156.4 
1845 135.4 
1088 
278.4 389.5 
208.2 
34.0 158.0 
129.9 
16.1 202.2 
136.4 
59.2 637.7 108.0 
139.2 112.1 
71.4 13.2 63.0 
398.8 
110.1 256.7 
190.9 
3.8 139.4 
118.1 
4.3 178.7 
165.0 
23.5 
TOTAL AWES 4659.5 4425.3 4905.5 3488.7 3091.0 2840.2-2887.3' 2947.5—n 3i57.8y ?2718B .- < • •' 3791.5 i ; 3594.5•, ;.3431,6 ; 2125.1 ^ 
JAPAN 7337.5 6708.3 5823.1 4859.4 7389.1 6040.0 ; 4440.0 ; 3431.6 • 3120.5 ' ^ 3380,7 5879,7 ' 6116.4 '4433.0 326S.3 
KOREA 325.4 939.3 893.3 1001.5 2147.1 1180.8 808.5 1352.4 1942.6^H2Û3;0 ^ 4671:4 - 2J69.2•« 2278.1 1085.3 
CHINA 
POLAND 
ROMANIA. 
BULGARIA 
USSR 
RUSSIA 
UKRAINE 
YUGOSLAVIA 
CROATIA N/A 
N'A 
N.'A 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A N/A 
208 4 
N/A 
N/A 
12,1 
242 3 233 0 
146.0 
N/A 
N.'A 
24 0 
76 8 119.6 
1333 
N/A 
N/A 
684 
320.0 285.9 
4898 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
123.8 179.9 
417.1 
N/A 
N/A 
2.9 
750 204.0 
270.3 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
3296 321.5 
321.4 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
447.3 263.8 
302.6 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
130.8 330.6 
218.4 
N/A 
N/A 
92.6 
3069 258.5 
2095 
N/A 
N/A 
214.1 
478.5 387.4 
218.4 
N/A 
N/A 
209.1 
322 6 429.7 
295 9 
5504 
109.9 
836 
127.4 585 0 
434.5 
57 0 
45 8 
254 6 
1059 
129 0 
REST OF WORLD 3659.9 1822.0 1951.4 1542,3 1323,4 1041.7 1383.7 660.4 822.0 895.2 1061,1 1285.9 1175.4 729.6 
TOTAL WORLD 15982,3 14357 7 14053 1 11533.2 14850.1 11777.7 10321.4 9482,1 9740.1 > f 9123;9 13564.3 .14303.8 11915.0 8820.1 
Source 'WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK" based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
(1) From 1980 on data includes new orders from Ex-GDR yards 
TABLE 6B-NEW0RDERS 
"REVISED FIGURES AT THE END OF THE YEAR i .* 
176 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 5 991 1992 
BELGIUM 
DENMARK 
FRANCE 
GERMANY (1 
GREECE 
IRELAND 
ITALY 
NETHERLANDS 
PORTUGAL 
SPAiN 
UNTED KINGDOM 0 5% 
2 0% 
0 4% 
4,5% 
N'A 
0.1% 
1 9% 
3.9% 
C.5% 
1.9% 
3.9% 0 4% 
2 0% 
3 9% 
4 3% 
0.6% 
0 0% 
1 6% 
2 6% 
0 2% 
5 1% 
2 4% 0,6% 
2.1% 
2.4% 
8.9% 
0 0% 
0 1% 
1 0% 
2.6% 
0.4% 
4.8% 
2 9% 0 4% 
2 2% 
1 5% 
10 8% 
0.1% 
0 0% 
2.1% 
2.7% 
0.2% 
2.8% 
2.6% 0 4% 
2 9% 
0 9% 
8 3% 
0.0% 
0 0% 
0 4% 
1.6% 
0.2% 
1.5% 
1 0% 0.6% 
3.4% 
0 9% 
9.1% 
0.1% 
0.0% 
0.6% 
2.1% 
0.3% 
0.8% 
0.9% 0 3% 
0.8% 
2.5% 
11.9% 
0.3% 
0.0% 
2.5% 
2.6% 
0.0% 
1.9% 
2.2% 0.5% 
3.2% 
1.4% 
13.7% 
0.1% 
0.0% 
2.4% 
1.4% 
0.3% 
2.7% 
1.2% 0.3% 
2.3% 
0.6% 
9.0% 
0.1% 
0 0% 
42% 
0.9% 
0.8% 
4.3% 
1.2% 0.6% 
2.2% 
2.2% 
9.6% 
0.1% 
0.0% 
1.9% 
3.9% 
0.4% 
5.0% 
1.4% 0.7% 
1.4% 
1,2% 
10.3% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
4.2% 
1.7% 
0.5% 
2.0% 
1.5% 0.5% 
4.2% 
1.0% 
6.1% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
2.Si* 
1.9% 
0.6% 
3.4% 
1.4% 0.6% 
2.2% 
2.8% 
4.7% 
0.1% 
0 0% 
3 2% 
2.5% 
0.1% 
0.6% 
T4% 0 2% 
2 8% 
0.4% 
9.7% 
0.1% 
0 0% 
1 5% 
2 4% 
0 0% 
1.4% 
1.4% 
TOTAL EC 19.6% 23.1% 25.9% 25.4% 17.3% 18.8%. 25.0% 28.9%^ 23.7%; 27.2% '23*7% 22.0% 18.2% 19.9% 
OTHER ^INLAND 
AWES NORWAY 
SWEDEN N/A 
N/A 
N/A 3.6% 
2.7% 
1.4% 3.6% 
2.9% 
2.6% 1.9% 
1.4% 
1.6% 0.9% 
0.7% 
1.9% 3.3% 
1.8% 
0.3% 1.5% 
1,3% 
0.2% 2.1% 
1.4% 
0.6% 6.5% 
1.4% 
0.7% 1.2% 
1.2% 
0.1% 0.5% 
2.9% 
0.8% 1.8% 
1.3% 
0.0% 1.2% 
1.0% 
0.0% 2.0% 
1.9% 
0.3% 
TOTAL AWES 29.2% 30.8% 34.9% 30.2% 20.8% 24.1% 28.0% 31.1% 32.1% f - ! 29.8% .28.0% » 25.1% 20.4% 24.1% 
JAPAN 45.9% 46.7% 41.4% 42.1% 49.8% 51.3% 43.0% 36.2% 32.0% 36.8% 43.3% 42.8% 37.2% 37.1% 
KOREA .0% 6.5% 6,4% 8.7% 14.5% 10.0% • 7.8% 14.3% i9.9% ?.13.2% 12.3% 15.2% 19.1% 12.3% 
CHINA 
POLAND 
ROMANIA 
BULGARIA 
USSR 
RUSSIA 
UKRAINE 
vUGOSLAV!A 
CROATIA N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A N'A 
1.5% 
N/A 
N'A 
0.1% 1.7% 
1 0% 
N/A 
M/A 
0.2% 
0.5% 1.0% 
1.2% 
N/A 
N/A 
0 6% 
2.8% 1 9% 
3.3% 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 1.5% 
3.5% 
N/A 
N/A 
0.0% 
0.8% 0.6% 2.0% 
2,6% 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
3.2% 3.4% 
3.4% 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 2.7% 
3 1% 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
4.7% 1.3% 3.6% 
2.4% 
N/A 
N/A 
1.0% 
3.4% 1.9% 
1.5% 
N/A 
N/A 
1.6% 
3.5% 2.7% 
1.5% 
N/A 
N/A 
1.5% 
2.3% 3.6% 
2 5% 
4.6% 
0.9% 
0.7% 
1.1% 6.6% 
4.9%. 
0.6% 
0.5% 
2.9% 
1.2% 
RESTOF WORLD 22.9% 12.7% 13.9% 13.4% 8.9% 8.8% 13.4% 7.0% 8.4% 9.8% 
100.0% 100.0% ioo.o% , 100.0% ; 100.0% Moo.o% H00.o% 7.6% 9.0% 9.9% 8.3% 
TOTAL WORLD 10a 0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Mdo.o% * 100.0% . ioo.û%: 
Source: 'WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK" based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
f1 ) From 1980 on data includes new orders from Ex-GDR yards 
TABLE 7. BREAKDOWN OF ORDERS BY FLAP 
ORDERS PLACED FOR REGISTRATION UNDER THE FLAG OP A MEMBER STATT 
1*78 I 1565 *__gjî" 1087 I 
With shipyard in: A-national 
B - other EC countries 
C - third countries 
% of total ii I 1 l2iTê4^T"*3T 
2039 " W fft I à Hft 
ITV B 
èô I é H5 
'2073' ~ 60 I 9 | M 
215S B 
a 112136 B 
45 M2 I43 64 I 5 1J1 
3027 IT 
TOTAL in '000 CGT 1876 125T 1243 1754 1441 
ORDERS RECEIVED BY COMMUNITY SHIPYARDS 
From shipowner in: A - national T97F 
B - other EC countries f A 
C - third countries B IfflF *WT 
T"ir "XT T 153 
2260 4M 3 15ft 4TTT"5T 47 I 9 144 
2170 »T1 
"WIT IT % of total 
TOTAL in 'OOCTC'GT 76 : g I 25 73 M l2é 
^75F T988 
Source: WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
Remarks: 1976 - EC excluding Greece; from 1986 - EC including Portugal and Spain; from 1990 EC including Ex-GDR 
TABLE 8 - TREND OF NEW ORDERS BY TYPE OF VESSEL 
1977 WORLD 
EC 
1978 WORLD 
EC 
1979 WORLD 
EC 
1980 WORLD 
EC 
j 1981 WORLD 
EC 
1982 WORLD 
EC 
1983 WORLD 
EC 
1984 WORLD 
EC 
1985 WORLD 
EC 
1985 WORLD 
EC 
1986 WORLD 
EC 
1987 WORLD 
EC 
1988 WORLD 
EC. 
1989 WORLD 
EC 
1990 WORLD 
EC 
1991 WORLD 
EC 
1992 WORLD 
EC OIL TANKERS 
'000 CGT 
790.6 
30.9 
1185.4 
56.2 
3364.8 
168.1 
2960.2 
273.7 
1166.7 
75.1 
662.6 
70.3 
1682.1 
92.3 
1176.2 
179.3 
470.1 
15.3 
575.4 
18.0 
1199.7 
0.0 
1404.6 
107.5 
781.8 
116.7 
1943.6 
219.9 
4127.9 
542.6 
1917.9 
215.3 
1209.4 
236.0 % 
3.9 
4.7 
5.0 
9.2 
6.4 
10.6 
5.5 
15.2 
3.3 
3.1 
0.0 
7.7 
14.9 
11.3 
13.1 
11.2 
19.5 BULK CARRIERS 
'000 CGT 
1783.2 
75.1 
534.6 
23.6 
2744.9 
466.5 
4325.3 
425.9 
4934.9 
487.9 
2335.3 
197.5 
5370.3 
110.7 
3890.6 
165.6 
3918.4 
152.8 
2454.5 
154.9 
1296.0 
108.0 
1033.2 
45.3 
2164.5 
0.0 
2483.1 
70.8 
1639.0 
207.0 
2218.0 
207.5 
1761.3 
0.0 % 
4.2 
4.4 
17.0 
9.8 
9.9 
8.5 
2.1 
4.3 
3.9 
6.3 
8.3 
4.4 
0.0 
2.9 
12.6 
9.4 
0.0 CARGO SHIPS 
'000 CGT 
8497.3 
1764.4 
6163.8 
1341.3 
5148.4 
1172.6 
4780.1 
1023.4 
4967.9 
1342.7 
5679.9 
1093.2 
5910.8 
1039.9 
4742.2 
944.2 
5299.9 
1029.7 
5138.8 
1033.5 
4208.4 
768.6 
4899.7 
1128.1 
3985.6 
1095.5 
6798.4 
1454.3 
6530.2 
1541.0 
6507.9 
1387.4 
4313.9 
923.0 % 
20.8 
21.8 
22.8 
21.4 
27.0 
19.2 
17.6 
19.9 
19.4 
20.1 
18.3 
23.0 
27.5 
21.4 
23.6 
21.3 
21.4 toNCAftGO VESSEL* 
•000 CGT 
2969.8 
670.5 
1912.7 
591.5 
2949.8 
747.6 
2291.9 
740.8 
2433.0 
606.4 
2135.4 
628.0 
1886.9 
380.9 
1956.8 
448.8 
2089.2 
459.3 
2152.4 
769.6 
2778.0 
704.7 
2402.7 
690.1 
2194.0 
1048.1 
2339.3 
1008.8 
2006.5 
852.0 
1271.3 
359.8 
1535.7 
599.1 % 
22.6 
30.9 
25.3 
32.3 
24.9 
29.4 
20.2 
22.9 
22.0 
35.8 
25.4 
28.7 
47.8 
43.1 
42.5 
28.3 
39.0 TOTAL 
'000 CGT 
14040.9 
2540.9 
9796.5 
2012.6 
14207.9 
2554.8 
14357.5 
2463.8 
13502.5 
2512.1 
10813.2 
1989.0 
14850.1 
1623.8 
11765.8 
1737.9 
11777.6 
1657.1 
10321.1 
1976.0 
9482.1 
1581.3 
9740.2 
1971.0 
9125.9 
2260.3 
13564.4 
2753.8 
14303.6 
3142.6 
11915.0 
2169.9 
8820.3 
1758.1 % 
18.1 
20.5 
18.0 
17.2 
18.6 
18.4 
10.9 
14.8 
14.1 
19.1 
16.7 
20.2 
24.8 
20.3 
22.0 
18.2 
19.9 
Source: WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
Remarks: From 1986 EC including Spain and Portugal; From 1990 EC including Ex-GDR. 
TABLE 9 A -ORDER BOOK 
REVISED FIGURÉS AT THE;ENfD OFTUË YEAR 'i*^îf-^ft^*'v!*; tgrJ&^î. '1000 CGT] ^£%&?i£-
1976 1980 1981 1982 1983 1964 1985 1966 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 
BELGIUM 277 0 331.7 3115 261/ 143 7 136.1 62.1 60.0 75.0 82.0 147.7 154.4 213.4 '168 
DENMARK 923 5 652 4 618 9 603.9 707.7 692.2 442.1 429.8 473.9 459.6 589.7 927.7 876.6 674.3 
FRANCE 1770 4 "93 7 11382 978.5 5986 263.3 382.7 371.2 234.5 379.9 361.9 397.2 556.8 4108 
GERMAN1*' (<•. 2113 3 950.9 1082 C 11777 1178 1 959.4 1118.9 1281.7 1426.3 1429.2 1974.0 1955.0 15299 1471.4 
GREECE \ A 240 6 245 4 19V4 146.1 137.4 119.9 102.8 121.5 116.8 113 6 69.1 73 C 42.3 
IRELAND 43 9 17 8 19 3 20.0 2 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 
ITALV 1C36 2 539 8 427 3 480 4 356 3 195.5 345.5 465.8 864.8 904.2 1188.6 1298.4 1190 9 1036.4 
NETHERLANDS 9171 493 7 551 7 498 8 3C8 8 331.6 300.3 195.6 141.8 365.1 414.5 443.4 387 5 321.5 
PORTUGAL N'A 1912 240 4 258.4 1241 138.3 94.0 67.0 108.3 114.0 155 7 181.6 153.' 96.5 
SPAN N'A 1769 5 1754 0 1325 3 967 4 690.5 491.5 527.7 635.8 837.7 853.7 1004.1 757.2 476 4 
LIVED KINGDOM 1939 4 615 0 768 9 714 1 506 1 292.3 352.5 325.4 369 7 317.1 376.5 418.9 413.6 411.5 
"A'L EC 9070 8 T096 3 71576 65096 5039.0 3836.8 3709.5 3827.0 4451.4 5005.8 6175.9 6849.8 61S2.Û 5057.9 
OTHER INLAND 
AWES NOR WAV 
SWEDEN N 'A 
N'A 
N A ' 144.3 
589 3 
703 8 1'39 5 
670.3 
6463 1023.8 
371.9 
494.9 710.3 
185.6 
494.5 642.2 
229.8 
267.8 544.4 
148.1 
181.7 483.9 
146.8 
137.5 991.0 
1369 
93.8 962.9 
114.3 
39.0 652.1 
422.8 
115.3 5894 
463'.6 
643 494.3 
381.8 
23 9 467.1 
234.3 
23 7 
TOTAL AWES 15839 2 9533.7 9613.7 8400.2 6429.4 4976.4 -£4583.7 4595:2 > 5673.11: 6121.8 • 7366.1 : 7987,1 < '7052.0 5833.0 
JAPAN 120938 '297 8 7457.7 6640.2 8477.9 8221.5 5915.2 3915.9 2318.5: 
2639.1, 3473.9 5696.5 7494.7 • 
•38oGL7'i 7B21.8 6482.7 
KOREA 7943.2 13203 1711.1 1854.9 2898.4 3223.1 -:)| 2578,7 . '1909.2; 23427 "2813 A- Î3922.7 3012.2 
G u i N A 
POLAND 
ROMANIA 
USSR 
RJSS:A 
UKRAINE N.'A 
N/A 
N'A 
N'A 
N A N ••'A 
1634 6 
N'A 
750 26C9 
1459 0 
NA 
N 'A 
1289 298.3 
1174.6 
N/A 
N-'A 
92.7 
695 9 493 5 
1143 1 
N/A 
N.'A 
53 9 
492 6 433.2 
1272.1 
N/A 
N/A 
42.8 486.5 
1018.1 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
455 4 545 9 547.0 
1041.6 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
840.0 647.3 
1251,6 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
751.4 809.8 
1131.3 
N/A 
N/A 
74.1 
861.9 681.0 
1080.1 
N/A 
N/A 
248.5 
1011 4 813.6 
1136.6 
N/A 
N/A 
343.1 
1046.9 942.0 
999.7 
912 6 
237.0 
360.4 
886.3 1235.7 
H24.6 
766.0 
224.0 
465.4 
237 9 
133.3 
532.2 
RES'OP WORLD 3693 0 5045.1 5105.6 4570.7 41297 3448.0 3435.8 2796.8 2675.0 2857.9 3071.2 3343.5 3003.2 2601.8 
TOTAL WORLD 39569 2 25592 2 26363 6 23731.5 241185 22072.5 18563.9 15645.7 16556.0 17673.4 21967.9 25646.2 25937.7 22648.8 
Source '"WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK1' based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
(1) Prom 198C on data includes order book from E*-GDR yards 
TABLE 9 B - ORDER BOOK 
REVISED FIGURES AT THE END OÉ THE YEAS • «-.•ip MARKET SHARES-
1976 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 
EC 
m BELGIUM 
DENMARK 
FRANCE 
GERMANv 
GREECE 
IRELAND 
ITALV 
NETHERLANDS 
PORTUGAL 
SPAIN 
UNITED KINGDOM 0 7% 
2.3% 
4.5% 
5.3% 
N'A 
C.1% 
2 6% 
2 3% 
N/A 
N/A 
5.0% 1.3% 
2 5% 
4.7% 
3.7% 
09% 
0.1% 
2.5% 
'.9% 
0 7% 
6.9% 
2.4% 1 2% 
2.3% 
4 3% 
4 1% 
0 9% 
0.1% 
1 6% 
2 1% 
0 9% 
6 7% 
2 9% 1.1% 
2.5% 
4.1% 
5.0% 
0.8% 
0.1% 
2.0% 
2.1% 
1.1% 
5 6% 
3.0% 06% 
2.9% 
2 5% 
4 9% 
0.6% 
0.0% 
1 5% 
1 3% 
0.5% 
4 0% 
2.1% 0.6% 
3.1% 
1.2% 
4.3% 
0.6% 
0.0% 
0.9% 
1.5% 
0.6% 
3.1% 
1.3% 0.3% 
2.4% 
2.1% 
6.0% 
0.6% 
0.0% 
1.9% 
1.6% 
0.5% 
2.6% 
1.9% 0.4% 
2.7% 
2.4% 
8.2% 
0.7% 
0.0% 
3.0% 
1.3% 
0.4% 
3.4% 
2.1% 0.5% 
2.9% 
1.4% 
8.6% 
0.7% 
0.0% 
5.2% 
0.9% 
0.7% 
3.8% 
2.2% 0.5% 
2.6% 
2.1% 
8.1% 
0.7% 
0.0% 
5.1% 
2.1% 
0.6% 
4.7% 
1.8% 0.7% 
2.7% 
1.6% 
9.0% 
0.5% 
0.0% 
5.4% 
1.9% 
0.7% 
3.9% 
1.7% 0.6% 
3.6% 
1.5% 
7.6% 
0.3% 
0.0% 
5.1% 
1.7% 
0.7% 
1.6% 0.8% 
3.4% 
2.1% 
5.9% 
0.3% 
0.0% 
4.6% 
1.5% 
0.6% 
2.9% 
1.6% 0.5% 
3.0% 
1.8% 
6.5% 
0.2% 
0.0% 
4.6% 
1.4% 
0.4% 
2.1% 
1.8% 
TOTAL EC 22.9% 27.7% 27.1% 27.4% 20.9% 17,4% i 20.0% 24.5% 2B.9% 28,3* 28:1% 26.7% t ':23.7% 22,3%! 
OTHER FINLAND 
AWES NOR WA.v 
SWEDEN N.'A 
N'A 
N'A 4 5% 
2 3% 
2 8% 4.3% 
2.5% 
2 5% 4 3% 
1.6% 
2.1% 2.9% 
0.8% 
2.1% 2.9% 2.9% 
1.0% 0.8% 
1.2% 1.0% 3.1% 6.0% 
0.9% 0.8% 
0.9% 0.6% 5.4% 
0.6% 
0.2% 3.0% 
1.9% 
0 5% 2.3% 1.9% 
1.8% 1.5% 
0.3% 0.1% 
"3*6%" 
•18.7% 2.1% 
1.3% 
C.4% 
TOTAL AWES 400% 37,3% 36.5% 35.4% 26.7% 22.3% ! 24.7% 29.4% 34.3% 
17.6%; ,315% :> 31.1% 27.2% 25~o% •; 
JAPAN 30.6% 28.5% 28.3% 28.0% 35.2% 37.2% ! 31.9% 25.0% 25.9% 29.2% 29.4% 28.6% 
.KOREA 20.1% 5.2% 6.5% 7.8% 12.0% 14.6% « 13.9% 12.2% 15.9% 13.3% 1.12.8% 13.6% i 19.1% 13.3%: 
CH'NA 
POLAND 
ROMANIA 
BULGARIA 
USSR 
RUSSIA 
UKRAINE 
YUGOSLAVIA 
CROATIA N'A 
N'A 
N.'A 
N'A 
N'A 
N/A N'A 
5 4% 
N'A 
N'A 
N.'A 
3 0% 1 0% 
5.5% 
N.'A 
N.'A 
0 5% 
2 4% 1.3% 
4.9% 
N/A 
N.'A 
0.4% 
2.9% 2.0% 
4.7% 
N/A 
N/A 
0.2% 
2.0% 2.0% 
5.8% 
N/A 
N/A 
0.2% 
2.1% 2.6% 
5.5% 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
2.9% 3.5% 
6.7% 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
5.4% 3.9% 
7.6% 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
4.5% 4.6% 
6.4% 
N/A 
N/A 
0.4% 
4.9% 3.1% 
4.9% 
N'A 
N/A. 
1 1% 
4 6% 3.2% 
4.4% 
N/A 
N/A 
1.3% 
4 1% 3.6% 
3.9% 
3.5% 
0.9% 
1 4% 
3.4% 5.5% 
5.0% 
3.4% 
1.0% 
2 i% 
1.1% 
0.6% 
2.3% 
REST OF WORLD 9.3% 19.7% 19 4% 19.3% 17,1% 156% 18.5% 17.9% 16.2% 16.2% 14.0% 13.0% 11.6% M.5% 
TOTAL WORLD 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% ! 100.0% 100.0% •! 100.0% '. 100.0% 100;0% 100.0% r.100.0% 100.0%, 
Source: 'WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK" based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
(1 ) From 1980 on data includes order book from Ex-GDR yards 
TABLE 10 - ORDER BOOKS AND DELIVERY SCHEDULE 
1 000 CGT 
SHIPS 
COMPLETED 
1992 ORDER BOOK 
AS AT 
31/12/92 FOR DELIVERY IN: 
1993 1994 | 1995 i 1996 
I [AND BEYOND 
BELGIUM 
DENMARK 
FRANCE 
GERMANY 
GREECE 
IRELAND 
ITALY 
NETHERLANDS 
PORTUGAL 
SPAIN 
UNITED KINGDOM 97.6 
414.5 
182.4 
958.3 
0.0 
0.0 
289.2 
270.9 
64.4 
428.3 
139.5 116.8 
674.3 
410.8 
1471.4 
42.3 
0.0 
1036.4 
321.5 
96.5 
476.4 
411.5 99.4 
385,7 
69.7 
902.9 
34.1 
0.0 
668.6 
221.5 
80.9 
413.6 
178.5 168.6! 
89.1 i 
414.5! 
8.3 
0.0 
301.3 
86.0 i 
15.5 
62.8 
87.0 0.0 
120.0 
126.0 
154.0 
0.0 
0.0 
66.5 
14.0 
0.0 
0.0 
79.5 ~~u\0 
0.0 
126.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
66.6 
TOTAL EC 2855711 5357.911 3054.91 ; 1253.6 j; i -fSÔOlÔkt im& 
Source: WORLD SHIPBUILDING DATABANK based on data supplied by LLOYD'S MARITIME INFORMATION SERVICES 
Remarks: Data includes order book from Ex-GDR yards 
Ko 
TABLE 11 - EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF NEW VESSELS IN THE COMMUNITY 
9=.G!-V 
DENMARK 
z RANGE •',; 
^C5MA\¥ 
QPCC ^P 
iPELAN'L; 
"A^v 
NE^-'ERLA.NGS 2' 
POP7JGAL 
SPAIN 
^Ni*EG ^NGDOK1 1975; 
746?! 
'6630I 
32500| 
"16839 ! 
23' 5! 
BS9! 
25000! 
22652 I 
N/A 
N'A | 
54550 
I 26a&3J 1978 
6614 
12000 
25 300 
3 '•'' 2 
VA 
3-40 
20000 
' 754C 
N'A 
N/A 
4-050 
li4U5?! '979' 
S2SV 
9000 
23COC 
27359 
N/A 
75C 
'900C 
M54C 
N'A 
N/A 
3<200 
jimr 1980 
6523 
'1400 
2220C 
24784 
26"2 
750 
'• SG0C 
•3'00 
N/A 
N/A 
24800 
i24"5H •~" 1— 
1981 
6347 
11350 
22200 
26521 
3393 
762 
'6500 
13'00 
N/A 
N/A 
25345 
| IK518 i 
1982 
4580 
11800! 
2*600' 
27600i 
29C0i 
882 
1375G| 
'280C 
N/A ; 
N'A 
25000 
WN2I 1983 | 
4104 
'1200. 
2'CO0 
25966 
2S-2-
550' 
'28001 
'1250, 
N/A i 
N/A j 
20486 
HoM&| 1984 
4&6 
103O0 
16940 
22183 
2O0C 
0 
12800 
•10330 
N/A 
N'A 
14655 
s-52Ss > * ' 
1965 
5S23 
10200 
15063 
22260 
2000 
0 
12000 
6236 
5370 
18000 
14200 
' 1fl#42 1986 
i5*5 
7000 
13700 
18184 
1709 
0 
11570 
5400 
5087 
18000 
12600 
'9W5 ,'w^ W-
1987 j 
2548 | 
7000 i 
8940 ! 
•2875 
1621 | 
° ; 9500(3) j 
3600 j 
5020 ! 
17300 
11500 
I 
"i.-JBW;. |J, :ii.,.Sr.,..'.-*-;fC 
1988 
2270 
7300 
6850 
'4845 
1855 
0 
8428 (3) 
3500 
4412 
14000 
9000 
I 72W6 - • *-; ,,t '..' ". ": \ 
1989 
2307 
7900 
6800 
14732 
1535 [i) 
0 
9675 (3) 
3500 
4245 
12550 
6494 
>;-. 59T55 •; 4^r.- -'I--
I 
| 1990 
2377 
1 MOO 
6600 
15297(5) 
550 
0 
9840 (6) 
3900 
3845 
11940 
6126(7) 
]r • HWS.i.. Number or «rt)tov»« l ! ) 1991 1992 
2418 ! 2"39"J i 
I 8600 8300 I 
| 61X 5040 
i 27753 f8^ 28MS :3- \ 
\ c 0 
C 0 
8299:9; 8200;'::$ 
4000 400C 
3820 352C 
':i44C 'C735 
5984 5820 
j 78424^ j 77152 
'ai!e co^.p-'ed ,rorr naro-a scutes 
:'; -'ri~i '936 c t^e rgure cove's jobs <n new sNpbu,icir,g and "aval ax) para-nava! building (convertion naval vessels aoj of-sho'e) 
r.c.*es ';r fe p-ecedi^g ^gr, uS,rg the ss^e ^ef-od a'e '975 • 3250C 1980 - 23700. 1985 • 1^700 
"2: -'c~ -"5'c '984 nciudmg naval dockyards estimated to be 1975- 130C. 1978 and 1979-3200 1980-340C '98' and '982- 3200, 1983 and 1984-2800 
;3; 2"SO u^ err pi eyed srouid be added to '937's r>g'u'e 2350'to <988's figure and 2581 tc 1989s figu'e 
C"1 t~ese 2000 'epresent a st~uctu'a! over cacactv 'o' whom no new jobs can be 'ound 
i4i -nc^des -aval bui'dmg 
'5i Lxc!jd;^g jobs -.i Ex-GDR's yatls 
(5) 0' A^'C1- 1838 currently -r-actve 
(7; Revised figij'e 
;S: "ceding ' '?00;cbs m Ex-GDR s yards "- '991 anc '2441 joos TI '992 
iS* '32' jnerp'oyed should be added to fris figu'e. -epresenting a structiral ever capacity, whose elTiinaUon is fonesee.n during 1992 
:'i ;• 700 jr-emo'cved should be added to this ficu'e 'eo'esentipc a structural over capacity for whorr re emD;ovnent is no! foreseen 
ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(93) 562 final 
DOCUMENTS 
EN 07 IO 
Catalogue number : CB-CO-93-598-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-61125-1 
Office for Oflïcial Publications of the European Communities 
L-2985 Luxembourg