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Vol.1980/0148

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COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
COM(80)414 final
Brussels.11april1980
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•13
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NEWPLANFORCOMMUNITY EMERGENCY AIDTOTHE
VICTIMS OFTHEEVENTSINKAMPUCHEA
,(April-December 1980) .
(Communication fromtheCommission totheCouncil)
I
'1
Λ
V.
I
fC0M(80)414finalI
I

PREPARATION OFANEWPLAITFOREMERGENCY AIDTOTHEVICTIMS OFTHEEVENTS IN
KAMPUCHEA
1.On28February 1980theSecretary-General oftheUnitedNationslaunched
anappealforinternational aid,inparticular fromtheCommunity ,witha
viewtocontinuing thehumanitarian aidforthevictimsoftheeventsin
Kampuchea .Hestatedonthisoccasionthattheamountrequired inorderto
carryouttheprogramme drawnupbyUNICEF,ICRC,WFP,FAOandUNHCRwas
$262millionfortheperiodApril-December 1980.Adetailedplanofproposed
actionwastransmitted totheCommission on18Marchduringthevisitby
MrGrant,thenewExecutive Director ofUNICEF,whodrewattention to'thefact
that,ofthe^262millionrequired,$120millionwasneededextremelyurgently
inordertoenabletheseedsfortheyear'scropstobesowninthespring,
topreventaninterruption insupplies andtodealwiththedisastrous
situation whichwouldariseinKampuchea inJune,JulyandAugustifthe
international aidwerenotcontinued . •'
\ . _
2.Afewdaysafterthelaunching oftheappeal,duringthemeetingat
ministerial levelinKualaLumpurwiththeASEANcountries ,theForeign
Ministers oftheCommunity ,inaveryfirmjointdeclaration bythe15
countries ,reaffirmed theCommunity'sandtheMemberStates'determination'
toassumefullytheirresponsibilities inoontinuing theaidtothepeople
ofKampuchea .TheMinisters wereinformed byMrCheyssonattheCouncil
aeetingof18Marchandconfirmed theseintentions . v
3.Lastly,theUSGovernment announced toMrCheysson ,duringhisvisitto
Washington attheendofMarch,thatitintendedtomakeafurthercontribution
inadditiontothatmadeinitially tohelpthepeopleofKampuchea (onroughly
thesamescaleastheCommunity anditsMemberStates)andexpressed thehope
thattheCommunity andthenineMemberStateswoulddolikewise.
4*InordertopreparetheCommunity'sdecision,andasindicated tothe
Ministers on18March,twomeetings werearranged bytheCommission :
(a)thepurposeofthefirst,heldon24March,withrepresentatives ofthe
relevant governmental andnon-governmental organizations ,wasto
evaluate thenecessary comprehensive programme inthelightnotonly
oftheabovementioned programme butalsooftheprogrammes of
non-governmental organizations providing on-the-spotassistance .This
comprehensive programmehastherefore beensetatatotalof$325million
uptotheendoftheyear.

-2-
(b)thesecondmeetingwasheldwiththeMemberStateson26March,under
thecoordination procedures adoptedbytheCouncilinNovember 1977*
Therepresentatives ofthemainorganizations concerned alsotook
part.Duringthismeetinganexchange ofviewswasheldonthe
generalsituation andthecomprehensive programme adoptedon24March?
information wasalsogivenbytheMemberStatesonthebilateral
contributions alreadydecided on.
Abriefing session washeldinHewYorkonthesamedayandcertain
MemberStatesandotherdonorstookthisopportunity toannounce
contributions (seefootnotep.5)®
II.THESITUATION INTHEÏTELD
1..InthecampsinThailand satisfactory conditions -havebeenmaintained as,
regardshealthandfoodsupplies ;arecentvisitbyateamofCommission
staff,ledbyMrHaferkamp ,wereabletowitnessthis;twomaincamps,
namelytheSakeoandKhaoIDangcamps,provideshelterfor143000people.
Thereisstillconcern,however,overthefateofcertainrefugees.The
UNHCRhasmadeapproaches -fcotheThaiauthorities topreventanycompulsory
repatriation ;inthiscontext,international aidfortheserefugeesisof
paramount importance .TheHighCommissioner hasalsoascertained fromthe
Vietnamese andKampuchean authorities that,iftheproblemweretoarise,
acertaindegreeofprotection couldbeprovided.Itwouldappearthat
thereisforthepresentverylittlevoluntary repatriation ,sincemostof
therefugees areafraidofreturning inthepresentcircumstances .
2.Intheborderregion,thesituation isconfused ,butwouldappearto
bedeveloping favourably .Thenumberofnon-residents whocometoseek
supplies atthefrontier hasincreased from300000to600000overthe
lastfewweeks,andthenumberofpermanent residents hasdecreased from
200COOto140000.Thelatterisanencouraging trend,foritshowsthat
thesepeopledonotintendtostayattheborderandcan,oncetheyhave
returnedtotheirhomes,inthethreeareasofinfluence (HengSamrin,
PolPot,Sorei),travelregularlytotheborder.Thesituationis
nevertheless anunhealthy one,fortheregioniscontrolled byopposing
armodforces.KhmarRouges,KhmerSerei,Vietnamese army,etc.);despite
akindofx.odjgvivendiasregardstheirrespective zonesofoccupation ,
thesafetyofthepeopleandoftherepresentatives cftheorganizations
inthefieldoouid "bojeopardized e.vanytime.

TheICRCand.U1TCCEFmadeapproaches to-theThaiandKampuchean authorities
withaviewtothereturntoKampuchea andcareoftherefugeesstillin
theborderregion;thiscoincides withthewishesofBangkokandPhnom
Penh.Thefeasibility ofsuchresettlement willdependontheeffectiveness
oftheaidtobegivenfortheBattambang region,fromwhichmostofthese
peoplecome.
3.InKampucheaitself,thesituation regarding foodsupplies andhealth
conditions seemssatisfactory for.thepresent.Animportant decision has
beentakenbythePhnomPenhauthorities ,namelytoleavethericefrom
thelastharvestintheruralareas.Althoughthismodestharvest from
thebeginning oftheyearwassmallerthatusual,itconstitutes ameans
ofsurvivalforafewweeksandanincentive forthepeasants ,andsimplifies
toacertainextenttheproblemofdistribution ,forthemeansofdistribution
arestillveryscantyoutsidethetownsandshowsthatPhnomPenhiswilling
todependoninternational aidforsupplies forthetowns-thecountryside ,
however,mustalsobesuppliedafterthelocalsupplies haverunoutandthis
presents aformidable logistic problem whichisfarfromresolved.
Atthesametime,PhnomPenhliasaccepted anincreaseinthestaffofthe
majororganizations ,providedthisstaffhaslimitedcontactwiththe
population ;ithasrisenfrom12inOctober 1979tothepresentfigureof
46^,but,giventhesenumbersandtheauthorities' attitude,itisimpossible
tokeeparealcheckondistribution tothepeople,eveninthetowns.The
latestreportsreceivednevertheless indicate animprovement .
ThemajorsourceofconcernisthepoorharvestforecastfortheMarch/April
dryseason,whichwillmeanexternalaidrequirements of100000tofproducts
inJune,JulyandAugust,towhichmustbeadded40000tofurgently needed
agricultural inputs.Owingtothetimerequiredfordistribution andthe
monsoonseasonwhichcouldbegininMay,thereisanurgentneedtotransport
largequantities withintheregions 140000tshouldbetransported bythe
endofMaytopreventfamineinJune,JulyandAugust.Theothermajor
problemsinvolvehealthandlogistics .
Thenumberofmedicalstaffincludedinthisfigure(10doctorsand12nurses)
isstillsmallowing,itwouldappear,totheauthorities' wishtolimit
directcontaotbetweentheforeignteamsandthepopulation .

III,PROGRAMME CONTENT
ThisissetoutinAnnexesIandIIandmay­besummarized asfollows :
>
unicef/icrc/wfp/
FAO/UNHCR/Programme
^•000NG0
Programme -
^'000TOTAL
1.Health
..-:27373 9951 37324
2.Food 116393 6561 122954
3*Logistics 44063
»..••4550 48613'
4«Education 13820..
1973 15.793
5»Agriculture
!31461j18223 49684
6.Shelter 8293 490 8783
7.Other!
200 5590 5790
8*Operating costs
9.Reservei
i
i
|
I*33.768
ti
I
|[2695
t.:
j36463
Total 275371 50033 325404
Asregardstheplanofthebigorganizations ,thetotalinitially envisaged .
of$>262millionhas"beenincreasedtotakeaccountoftherecentlyrecognized
imperative needtoairliftsupplies,notablyfromThailand(seedsand
fertilizers mustarriveintimeforthesowingseason).N

-5-
Asseen from theabovementioned annexes ,this plan provides fortwonew
types ofaidwhich should henoted :
(i)Aidoftheorder of^13million fortheThais (about 200000)who
suffered the .backlash ofthis large population movement atthe
frontier and forwhom theThai Government requested assistance from
theICRC ,UHICEF andWPP ;
(ii)Aidof^11million forKampuchean refugees inother countries )including
tflOmillion forthose inViet Nam (about 35000).' Theaidproposed
forthese people isnot sourgent asthat required forthe other
categories ,but itrepresents abalancing factor inthedistribution
ofaidtoallcategories oftheKampuchean population . .
IV.ANEWCOMMUNITY AIDPLAN (April-December 1980 )
Inthelight oftheforegoing ,theCommission considers that theNine
(Community -plus Member States )should ,like theUnited States ,make an'
overall contribution which will benoless than the one made for the first
six-month emergency plan (about ji80million outofthetotal international
aidof^210-220 million )andwill ,ifpossible ,behigher ,theneeds being
much greater . ,
Onthebasis oftheinformation transmitted atthecoordination meeting in
Brussels on26March andattheNewYorkmeeting ^,thecontributions already
decided onbytheMember States areasfollows :
During this meeting other donors announced thefollowing contributions :
USA ,initial gesture of million ,Australia $3*3 million ,Switzerland
3.0million ,Sweden $3.8 million ,USSR :135000tofcereals and
technical assistance ,andequipment fortheports ofPhnom Penh and
Kompong Som .

-6-
Contributions Contributions made for
announced the first six-month plan
$million
Belgium 0.86 0*82
Denmark - 0.96
Germany 8.40 13.80
Prance - 5*00
Ireland - 0.31
Italy 2.00 0.55
Luxembourg - 0.02
Netherlands 2.50 6.00
United Kingdom - 7»50
13.76 34.96
TheCommission therefore proposes totake steps -after obtaining the
political go-ahead from theCouncil andParliament -toearmark anamount
ofthe order of40million EUA for theimplementation instages -between
April andDecember -ofaprogramme ofemergency aidincash tobe
allocated tothevarious intergovernmental andnon-governmental organizations
taking part intheoperation .
Italso proposes that theCouncil adopt ,asanadvance onthe1980 programme ,
the food aidof35000 tofcereals proposed bytheCommission under that
programme .This quantity would bedelivered free atdestination ,via the
WFP ,inthe form ofrice . Itrepresents anapproximate value of
3.5million EUA1.
Thecontribution from theCommunity assuch could therefore involve atotal
of$61million .Itmust ,however ,beunderstood that this contribution
cannot beputinto effect unless theoperations already started under the
2first plan arecarried outsatisfactorily and inparticular unless itis
possible toobtain from Phnom Penh afurther easing ofitsattitude ,which
isstill largely unacceptable .Payments tothe organizations under the
newplanwill bemade onlybysuccessive instalments "^onthebasis ofthe
information obtained concerning theuse ofthepreceding instalments and
particularly concerning theeffective distribution tothepeople affected .
Figure calc *lated ,forthepurposes ofconsistency with .the fig-are forthe
total reqrr •--nent ,onthebasis oftheworld price used bytheUnited 2fc.ticrs «
Atinternal cos,thecost ofthis aidisoftheordsr oi'8million EUA ,
Khich will tr.svfifore becharged totheCommunity budget®
2,
•SeeAnnex III rthestate ofimplementation at - 1930 of~,hs
Community aid .
^Excer *tforrelati \: saounts ofa-..a­

-7-
Fortheemergency aid."theCommission willtransmit theappropriate budgetary -
proposals assoonaspossible.Therearetwoproblemsinthisconnection ,
namely:- •
1.Thebudgetappropriation ?aspecialappropriation mustbegrantedbythe
budgetaryauthority fDrthisoperation sincethenewbudgetary proposal "
for1980providesonlyforanappropriation of15million EUA,ofwhich
10million EUAhasalreadybeenearmarked forAfghanrefugeesin
Pakistanand576000EUAforothercountries.'f
2.Therateofimplementation !foraccountmustbetakenoftheneedtobe
abletomobilize thenecessary fundsintime,beforetheexpiryofthe
procedure relatingtotheadoptionofthe1980budget.
DTCONCLUSION ,theCommission :
1.requests theCouncilandParliament togivethepolitical go-ahead as
soonaspossible asregardstheprinciple Oftheprovision ofemergency aid
of40million EUAincashforthevictimsoftheeventsinKampuchea ,to
bereleasedinsuccessive instalments ,betweenAprilandDecember 1930,on
thebasisoftheinformation ,obtained concerning theuseofthepreceding
instalments andparticularly concerning theeffective distribution tothe
peopleinneed;
2.requeststheCounciltodecide *asanadvanceonthe1980programme ,
onthefoodaidof35000tofcerealsequivalent proposed bytheCommission
underthatprogramme ;thisaid,tobedelivered freeatdestination ,should
betransported bytheWFP.

ANNEX I
Emergency aidplan forthevictims ofthe
events inKampuchea
(April-December 1980 )
£inUS#»000J
A B C 0
Kampuchea Phnom
programmePenh Border region
programmeCamps (Thailand and
other )programmeThai population
programme TOTAL
FAO/LCRC/
UNICEF /WFPNGOICRC/UNICEF /
WFPNGOICRC/UNICEF /
WFPNGO ICRC/UNICEF /
WFPNGO
1.Health 7470 9091 6282 200 "11948610, 1673 '50 37324
i2.Food
t
i56990 6311 ^30570 250 .20025 8808122954
3.Logistics
i40497 4508 3085 381 42 100' /f48613
:4.Education
t8600 1723 250 4420 800 !
I 15793
5.Agriculture
;6.Shelter
|7.'Other .31461 18223
240
5590*618 7675
200250
r49684
8783
5790
8.Operating
!costs
i
i4612 )
?660
/ '7,157 ( '
J8.969- 337 (
;< ■
(36463
9.Reserve 7831)
)3828 2000(
( 35 1,034(
C
*
I
i
i
i–157 461 46346 51540.2700 53418 687 12952I
300325 404
TOTAL203 :807
j54 ;240 54105 • •13 :252325 404
t <

Emergency aidprogramme ofthebiginternational
organizations forthevictimsoftheeventsin
Kampuchea ,
(April-December 1980)
/"inUSpOQOJ v
A B C- D
PAO/lCRC/UNICEF/WFP
Kampuchea PhnomPenh
programmeicrc/unicef/wfp
"borderregion
programmeICRC/UNICEF/WFPcamps
(Thailand andother)
programmeicrc/unicef/wfp
Thaipopulation
programme 'TOTAL
1.Health 7470
1 ■*6?82 11948I
1673 .-27373
2.Food 56990 30570 ^0025 '8808 116393
I3.Lôgistics 40497 3085 381 '100 44063
4.Education 8600 • ^ 4420 •800 ll?20
I5.Agriculture 31461 31461
I6.Shelter 618 7675 8293
■I -I
I7.Other 200 200
I8.Operating |I,4612• 7Ί57 r" 337 i
If .
Icosts 8969. I .<
I33768
9.Reserve 7831 3828■l
iE. 1034I
I[ -
«
TOTAL . 157461 51540.5341812952 275371

AIOŒXIII
Implementation ofemergency aidandfoodaid
fortheKampuchean population at15March .1980
inEUA
A.Totalaid 31.015.000
B.1.TotalaidviaPhnomPenh 16.541.000
2,TotalaidviaPhnomPenh
notincluding 3million EUA
reserveforairlift 13.541.000
3.AidviaPhnomPenharrivedatdestination 11218.500
4*AidviaPhnomPenharrivedatdestination ,
(notincluding 2715000EUAfortrucks "
supplied byUNICEF)8.503.5004=83%
5*AidviaPhnomPenharrivedand
distributed > 5.393.500 =63%
6.AidviaPhnomPenharrived andnot
distributed 2.874.000 £=34%
7-AidviaPhnomPenharrivedbutnot
knownifdistributed 236.000 3%
C.1.TotalaidviaThailand 14.474.000
2.AidviaThailand available at
destination
3*AidviaThailand available at
.destination anddistributed
4*AidviaThailand available at
destination butnotdistributed11.728.000 I-=81X
I. «
8.306.000 y=71%
3.422.000 I*=29%