COMMON POSITION (EC) No 23/96

adopted by the Council on 23 November 1995

with a view to adopting Directive 96/. . ./EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain components and characteristics of two- or three-wheel motor vehicles

(96/C 190/01)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 100a thereof,

Having regard to the proposal form the Commission (1),

Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2),

Acting in accordance with Article 189b of the EC Treaty (3),

Whereas it is necessary to adopt measures that are intended to ensure the operation of the internal market;

Whereas, in each Member State, two- or three-wheel motor vehicles must, in respect of the components and characteristics covered by this Directive, satisfy certain mandatory technical requirements which differ from one Member State to another; whereas, owing to those differences, such requirements constitute barriers to trade within the Community; whereas those barriers to the operation of the internal market may be removed if the same requirements are adopted by all of the Member States in place of their national regulations;

Whereas the drawing-up of harmonized requirements concerning those components and characteristics of two and three-wheel motor vehicles is necessary in order to enable the type-approval and component type-approval procedures covered by Council Directive 92/61/EEC of 30 June 1992 relating to the type-approval of two- or three-wheel vehicles (4) to be implemented in respect of each type of the aforesaid vehicle;

Whereas, in order to facilitate access to markets in third countries, it appears necessary to establish equivalence between the requirements of Chapters 1 (tyres), 2 (lighting and light-signalling devices), 4 (rear-view mirrors) and 11 (safety belts) of the Annex to this Directive and those of United Nations ECE Regulations Nos 30, 54, 64 and 75 in respect of tyres, 3, 19, 20, 37, 38, 50, 56, 57, 72 and 82 in respect of lighting and light-signalling devices, 81 in respect of rear-view mirrors and 16 in respect of safety belts;

Whereas, with regard to the aspects concerning the protection of the environment, namely atmospheric and noise pollution, it is necessary to pursue the aim of constantly improving the environment; whereas, for this purpose, limit values for pollutants and sound-level must be laid down for the fastest possible application; whereas subsequent reductions in the limit values and the changes in the testing procedure may be decided upon only on the basis of studies and research to be undertaken or pursued into the available or conceivable technological potential and into an analysis of their cost/benefit ratios in order to permit production, on an industrial scale, of vehicles which are able to meet these more stringent limits; whereas the decision on that subsequent reduction must be taken by the European Parliament and the Council at least three years before these limit values enter into force in order to enable the industry to take the necessary measures whereby their products may, by the intended date, comply with the new Community provisions; whereas the Decision of the European Parliament and of the Council will be based on proposals to be submitted by the Commission in due course;

Whereas Member States should be enabled, by granting tax incentives, to promote the marketing of vehicles which, in advance, meet the requirements adopted at Community level concerning measures to counter pollutant and noise emissions;

Whereas the methods of measuring the immunity of vehicles and separate technical units to electromagnetic radiation, in order to check compliance with the provisions concerning electromagnetic compatibility (Chapter 8), require complex and costly installations; whereas, in order to enable Member States to provide such installations, provision should be made for deferring application of these measuring methods by three years, dating from the entry into force of this Directive;

Whereas, given the scale and impact of the action proposed in the sector in question, the Community measures which are the subject of this Directive are necessary, or even indispensable, to attain the objectives set, namely Community vehicles type-approval; whereas these objectives cannot be adequately achieved by the Member States individually;

Whereas technical progress requires rapid adaptation of the technical requirements set out in the Annex to this Directive; whereas, with the exception of the limit values for pollutants and sound-level, this task should be assigned to the Commission in order to simplify and speed up the procedure; whereas, in all cases where the European Parliament and the Council confer upon the Commission authority to implement rules laid down in the two- or three-wheel motor vehicle sector, it is appropriate to provide for a procedure for prior consultation between the Commission and Member States within a committee;

Whereas safety or environmental requirements call for restrictions on tampering with certain types of two- or three-wheel vehicles; whereas, if they are not to prove an obstacle to owner-servicing and maintenance, such restrictions must be strictly limited to tampering which significantly modifies the vehicle's performance and pollutant and noise emissions;

Whereas the object of the requirements of this Directive should not be to oblige those Member States which do not allow two or three-wheel motor vehicles in their territory to tow a trailer to amend their rules,

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

Article 1

This Directive and its Annex shall apply to:

- tyres,

- lighting and light-signalling devices,

- external projections,

- rear-view mirrors,

- measures to counter air pollution,

- fuel tanks,

- measures to counter tampering,

- electromagnetic compatibility,

- permissible sound level and exhaust system,

- coupling devices and attachments,

- safety belt anchorages and safety belts,

- glazing, windscreen wipers and washers and de-icing and demisting devices,

for all types of vehicle as defined in Article 1 of Directive 92/61/EEC.

Article 2

Within three years following the date referred to in the third subparagraph of Article 8 (1), the Commission shall carry out a detailed study to ascertain whether the anti-tampering measures for vehicles, particularly those in categories A and B referred to in Chapter 7 of the Annex to this Directive, can be considered adequate if tampering detrimental to safety and the environment is to be effectively prevented. On the basis of the conclusions of the study, the Commission will, if necessary, propose new legislative measures.

Article 3

1. The procedures governing the granting of component type-approval in respect of tyres, lighting and light-signalling devices, rear-view mirrors, fuel tanks, exhaust systems, safety belts and glazing for a type of two or three-wheel motor vehicle and the component type-approval of a type of tyre, lighting and light-signalling device, rear-view mirror, fuel tank, exhaust system, safety belt and glazing, in the form of components, and the conditions applying to the free movement of such vehicles and for the free placing on the market of components shall be those set out in Chapters II and III respectively of Directive 92/61/EEC.

2. The procedure governing the granting of component type-approval in respect of external projections, measures to counter air pollution, measures to counter tampering, electromagnetic compatibility, permissible sound-level, coupling devices for trailers and side-car attachments, safety belt anchorages, windscreen wipers and washers and de-icing and demisting devices for a type of two- or three-wheel motor vehicle, and the conditions applying to the free movement of such vehicles, shall be those set out in Chapters II and III respectively of Directive 92/61/EEC.

Article 4

1. In accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of Directive 92/61/EEC, the equivalence shall be recognized of the requirements of Chapters 1 (tyres), 2 (lighting and light-signalling devices), 4 (rear-view mirrors) and 11 (safety belts) of the Annex to this Directive and those of United Nations ECE Regulations Nos 30 (1), 54 (2), 64 (3) and 75 (4) in respect of tyres, 3 (5), 19 (6), 20 (7), 37 (8), 38 (9), 50 (10), 56 (11), 57 (12), 72 (13) and 82 (14) in respect of lighting and light-signalling devices, 81 (15) in respect of rear-view mirrors, and 16 (16) in respect of safety belts, in the versions in force on the date on which this Directive is adopted.

For the purposes of applying the equivalence provided for in the first subparagraph, the installation requirements in Chapters 1 and 11 shall also apply to devices approved in accordance with the corresponding United Nations ECE Regulations.

2. The Member States' authorities granting component type-approval shall accept component type-approvals issued in accordance with the requirements of the Regulations referred to in paragraph 1, and component type-approval marks, instead of the corresponding component type-approvals and component type-approval marks issued in accordance with the requirements of this Directive.

Article 5

1. Before 1 January 1997, the Commission shall submit to the European Parliament and to the Council a proposal, prepared on the basis of research and an assessment of the costs and benefits deriving from the application of reinforced limit values and laying down a subsequent stage during which measures will be adopted aimed at further tightening of the limit values for pollutants and the sound level of the vehicles concerned, as laid down respectively in Chapter 5, Annex II, Tables I and II and Chapter 9, Annex I. In its proposal, the Commission shall take into account and assess the cost/efficiency ratio of the different measures for reducing pollutant and noise emissions and shall present proportional and reasonable measures as regards the intended aims.

2. The decision of the European Parliament and of the Council, adopted on the basis of the Commission proposal referred to in paragraph 1, which shall apply from 2001, shall take account of the need to incorporate factors other than mere limit values which have been tightened up. The costs and benefits deriving from the implementation of the measures provided for in the said decision shall be assessed, and these shall be proportional and reasonable in the light of the intended aims.

Article 6

1. Member States may make provision for tax incentives only for motor vehicles meeting the air-pollution and noise-pollution measures laid down in Chapter 5, Annex I, Section 2.2.1.1.3 and Annex II, Tables I and II and Chapter 9, Annex I respectively of this Directive.

2. The incentives referred to in paragraph 1 must be in line with the provisions of the EC Treaty and meet the following conditions:

- they shall be valid for all new vehicles placed on the market of a Member State which, in advance, comply with the requirements of this Directive referred to in paragraph 1,

- they shall come to an end upon the mandatory implementation of the measures referred to in paragraph 1,

- they shall, for each type of motor vehicle, involve lower amounts than the extra cost of the technical solutions applied and of their incorporation into the motor vehicle to enable the values laid down to be met.

3. The Commission shall be informed in good time of any intentions to introduce or alter any of the tax incentives referred to in paragraph 1, so that it can submit its comments.

Article 7

The changes needed

- to take into account any amendments to the United Nations ECE Regulations refered to in Article 4,

- to adapt the Annex to technical progress - apart from the limit values for air and noise pollution set out, in Chapter 5, Annex I, Section 2.2.1.1.3, and Annex II, Tables I and II, and in Chapter 9, Annex I respectively,

shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers (1).

Article 8

1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive before . . . (2). They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.

From the date referred to in the first subparagraph, Member States may no longer prohibit the first entry into service of vehicles complying with the provisions of this Directive or of certain of its chapters.

They shall apply these provisions from . . . (3).

However, the implementation of certain provisions in Chapters 5, 8 and 9 shall be deferred as specified in the said chapters.

2. When Member States adopt these provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by Member States.

Article 9

1. Council Directive 80/780/EEC of 22 July 1980 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to rear-view mirrors for two-wheeled motor vehicles with or without a side-car and to their fitting on such vehicles (4) shall be repealed upon the entry into application of this Directive.

2. However, components for which approvals as laid down in Annex I to the Directive referred to in paragraph 1 have been granted may continue to be used.

3. Council Directive 78/1015/EEC of 23 November 1978 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States on the permissible sound-level and exhaust system of motorcycles (5) shall be repealed on the date referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 8.

4. Until the date referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 8 (1), approvals as referred to in Directive 78/1015/EEC may be granted for type-approvals of vehicles referred to in Directive 92/61/EEC. The limit values laid down for noise levels in Annex I, Section 2.2.1 of Directive 78/1015/EEC shall apply.

Article 15 (4) (c) of Directive 92/61/EEC shall therefore apply when such vehicles are first put into service.

5. On the entry into force of this Directive, the provisions of Council Directive 89/336/EEC of 3 May 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility (6) shall cease to apply to vehicles covered by this Directive.

Article 10

This Directive shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.

Article 11

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

Done at . . .

For the European Parliament

The President

For the Council

The President

(1) OJ No C 177, 29. 6. 1994, p. 1.

(2) OJ No C 195, 18. 7. 1994, p. 77.

(3) Opinion of the European Parliament of 18 May 1995 (OJ No C 151, 19. 6. 1995, p. 184), common position of the Council of 23 November 1995 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and Decision of the European Parliament of . . . (not yet published in the Official Journal).

(4) OJ No L 225, 10. 8. 1992, p. 72.

(1) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 29.

(2) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 53.

(3) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 63.

(4) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 74.

(5) E/ECE/TRANS/324/Add. 2.

(6) E/ECE/TRANS/324/Rev. 1/Add. 18.

(7) E/ECE/TRANS/324/Rev. 1/Add. 19.

(8) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 36.

(9) E/ECE/TRANS/324/Rev. 1/Add. 37.

(10) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 49.

(11) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 55.

(12) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 56.

(13) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 71.

(14) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 81.

(15) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 80.

(16) E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1/Add. 15.

(1) OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 95/54/EC (OJ No L 266, 8. 11. 1995, p. 1).

(2) Eighteen months after the date on which this Directive is adopted.

(3) Twenty-four months after the date on which this Directive is adopted.

(4) OJ No L 229, 30. 8. 1980, p. 49. Directive as last amended by Directive 80/1272/EEC (OJ No L 375, 31. 12. 1980, p. 73).

(5) OJ No L 349, 13. 12. 1978, p. 21. Directive as last amended by Directive 89/235/EEC (OJ No L 98, 11. 4. 1989, p. 1).

(6) OJ No L 139, 23. 5. 1989, p. 19. Directive as last amended by Directive 93/97/EEC (OJ No L 290, 24. 11. 1993, p. 1).

TYRES FOR TWO- OR THREE-WHEEL MOTOR VEHICLES AND THEIR FITTING

LIST OF ANNEXES

Page

ANNEX I Administrative provisons for the component type approval of tyres .......... 6

Appendix 1 Information document for a type of tyre intended for two- or three-wheel motor vehicles .......... 8

Appendix 2 Certificate of component type approval for a type of tyre intended two- or three-wheel motor vehicles .......... 9

ANNEX II Definitions, markings and requirements .......... 10

Appendix 1 Explanatory diagram .......... 17

Appendix 2 Arrangement of tyre markings .......... 18

Appendix 3 List of load capacity indices and corresponding permissible maximum mass .......... 19

Appendix 4 Marking and dimensions for certain types of tyre .......... 20

Appendix 5 Method of measuring type dimensions .......... 28

Appendix 6 Procedure for testing the load/speed performance .......... 29

Appendix 7 Variation of load capacity as a function of speed .......... 31

Appendix 8 Method for determining the dynamic growth of tyres .......... 32

ANNEX III Requirements for vehicles with regard to the fitting of their tyres .......... 34

Appendix 1 Information document in respect of the fitting of tyres to a type of two- or three-wheel motor vehicle .......... 36

Appendix 2 Certificate of vehicle type approval in respect of the fitting of tyres to a type of two- or three-wheel motor vehicle .......... 37

ANNEX I

ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FOR THE COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF A TYPE OF TYRE

1. APPLICATION FOR COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL

1.1. The application for the component type-approval of a type of tyre must give precise details of the type of tyre to which the component type-approval mark is to be affixed.

1.2. For each type of tyre that application must also give precise details on:

1.2.1. the tyre size designation as definied in Annex II item 1.16,

1.2.2. the make or trade name,

1.2.3. category of use: normal, special, snow or moped,

1.2.4. tyre structure (diagonal or bias ply, bias belted, radial),

1.2.5. speed category symbol,

1.2.6. load capacity index,

1.2.7. whether the tyre is intended for use with or without an inner tube,

1.2.8. whether the tyre is 'normal` or 'reinforced`,

1.2.9. the ply-rating number for motor cycle derivatives,

1.2.10. the outer dimensions: the overall tyre width and overall diameter,

1.2.11. the rims to which the tyre may be fitted,

1.2.12. the measuring rim and the test rim,

1.2.13. the test pressure and the pressure for measurement,

1.2.14. the coefficient x referred to in Annex II, item 1.19,

1.2.15. For tyres indentified by means of letter code 'V` within the size designation and suitable for speeds over 240 km/h of for tyres indentified by means of letter code 'Z` within the size designation and suitable for speeds over 270 km/h, the maximum speed permitted by the tyre manufacurer and the load carrying capacity allowed for that maximum speed. The maximum permitted speed and the relevant load carrying capacity shall be indicated in the type approval certificate (Appendix 2 of this Annex).

1.3. The application for component type approval shall also be accompanied by sketches or photographs in triplicate which identify the tread pattern and the envelope of the inflated tyre mounted on the measuring rim showing the relevant dimensions (see sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 of Annex II) of the tyre type submitted for approval. It shall also be accompanied by the test report issued by an approved test laboratory or by two samples of the tyre type at the discretion of the competent authority.

1.4. The tyre manufacturer may request that the EC component type approval be extended also to other types of modified tyres.

1.5. This Directive does not apply to new tyres designed only for 'off-road` use and marked 'NHS` (not for highway service) or for competitions.

2. MARKINGS

The samples of a type of tyre submitted for component type approval shall bear, in a clearly legible and indelible manner, the applicant's make or trade name and shall include sufficient space for the component type approval mark.

3. COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL MARK

All tyres conforming to a type that has been component type-approved in compliance with this Directive shall bear the component type-approval mark described in Annex 5 to Directive 92/61/EEC of 30 June 1992 on the type-approval of two- or three-wheel motor vehicles.

The 'a` value defining the dimensions of the rectangle and the digits and letters making up the mark shall not be less than 2 mm.

4. MODIFICATION OF A TYRE TYPE

4.1. A modification of the tread pattern of a tyre does not require the repetition of tests prescribed in Annex II.

ANNEX II

DEFINITIONS, MARKINGS, AND REQUIREMENTS

1. DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this chapter:

1.1. 'type of tyre` means tyres which basically do not differ from one another in respect of:

1.1.1. the make or trade name,

1.1.2. the tyre size designation,

1.1.3. the category of use (normal: for tyres intended for normal road use; special: for special-purpose tyres such as those used for on-road and off-road purposes),

1.1.4. structure (diagonal or bias ply (cross-ply), bias-belted, radial),

1.1.5. speed category symbol,

1.1.6. load capacity index,

1.1.7. the cross section profile demension when fitted to a specified rim;

1.2. 'tyre structure` means the technical characteristics of a tyre carcass. A distinction is drawn, in particular, between the following tyre configurations:

1.2.1. 'diagonal or bias ply (cross-ply)` means a tyre structure the ply cords of which extend to the beads and are laid in such a way as to form alternating angles which are perceptibly less than 90° to the tread centre line,

1.2.2. 'bias belted` means a tyre structure of the 'cross-ply` type in which the carcass is restrained by a belt consisting of two or more layers of basically inextensible cord materials forming alternating angles close to those of the carcass,

1.2.3. 'radial` means a tyre structure the ply cords of which extend to the beads and are laid substantially at 90° to the tread centre line, while the carcass is stabilized by a basically inextensible circumferential belt,

1.2.4. 'reinforced` means a tyre structure in which the carcass is more resistant than that of a corresponding standard tyre;

1.3. 'bead` means the part of the tyre the shape and structure of which enables it to fit the rim and hold the tyre on that rim (1);

1.4. 'cords` means the strands forming the fabric of the plies in the pneumatique tyre (1);

1.5. 'ply` means A layer of rubber coated parallel cords (1);

1.6. 'carcass` means the part of the tyre other than the tread and the sidewalls which, when inflated bears the load (1);

1.7. 'tread` means that part of the tyre which comes into contact with the ground (1);

1.8. 'sidewall` means that part of a tyre lying between the tread and the part intended to be covered by the wheel rim (1);

1.9. 'tread groove` means the space between two adjacent ribs or blocks in the tread pattern (1);

1.10. 'main grooves` means the wide grooves located in the central zone of the tread;

1.11. 'section width (S)` means the linear distance between the outer edges of the sidewalls of an inflated tyre excluding the protrusions due to markings, embellishments or protective bands or ribs (1);

1.12. 'overall width` means the linear distance between the outer edges of the sidewalls of an inflated tyre, including markings, embellishments and protective bands or ribs (1); the overall width of tyres the tread width of which is greater than the section width is the width of the tread;

1.13. 'section height (H)` means the distance equalling half the difference beween the outer diameter of the tyre and the nominal rim diameter (1);

1.14. 'nominal aspect ratio (Ra)` means one hundred times the number obtained by dividing the nominal section height by the nominal section width (S1) both being expressed in the same unit of measurement;

1.15. 'outer diameter (D)` means the overall diameter of an inflated new tyre (1);

1.16. 'tyre size designation` means the description containing the following:

1.16.1. the nominal section width (S1) (expressed in mm, except for certain types of tyre for which the tyre size designation is set out in the first Column of the tables in Appendix 4 to this Annex),

1.16.2. the nominal aspect ratio (Ra), except for certain types of tyre the tyre size designation for which is given in the first column of the tables in Appendix 4 to this Annex,

1.16.3. a conventional number (d) denoting the nominal rim diameter and corresponding to that diameter expressed either in the form of a code (a figure of less than 100) or in millimetres (a figure of more than 100).

1.16.3.1. the values in millimetres of symbol (d) expressed in code form are as follows:

>TABLE>

1.17. 'nominal rim diameter (d)` means the diameter of the rim on which a tyre is designed to be mounted (1);

1.18. 'rim` means the support for either a tyre and inner tube or a tubeless tyre on which the beads of the tyre are seated (1);

1.19. 'theoretical rim` means an imaginary rim the width of which be X times the nominal section width of a tyre. The X value must be specified by the tyre manufacturer;

1.20. 'measuring rim` means the rim on which a tyre must be fitted for dimensional measurement purposes;

1.21. 'test rim` means the rim to which a tyre must be fitted for testing;

1.22. 'chunking` means the breaking away of pieces of rubber from the tyre tread;

1.23. 'cord separation` means parting of the cords from their coating rubber;

1.24. 'ply separation` means the parting of adjacent plies;

1.25. 'tread separation` means the pulling away of the tread from the carcass

1.26. 'load-capacity index` means a figure associated with the maximum permissible load which a tyre can carry at the speed corresponding to its speed according to the operating conditions specified by the manufacturer. Appendix 3 to Annex II certains a list of indices and the corresponding loads;

1.27. 'table of load variations as a function of speed` means the table in Appendix 7 to Annex II stating, by reference to indices of load capacity and of capacity at nominal speed, load variations of a tyre used at speeds other than those corresponding to that indicated by the nominal speed category;

1.28. 'speed category` means

1.28.1. the speed, expressed by the speed category symbol as shown in 1.28.2,

1.28.2. speed categories are those set out in the following table

>TABLE>

1.28.3. Tyres suitable for maximum speeds in excess of 240 km/h are indentified by the letter 'V` or 'Z` placed within the tyre size designation in front of the indications of tyre structure.

1.29. 'snow tyre` means a tyre pattern and structure of which are designed primarily to ensure better behaviour than that of normal tyres in mud and fresh snow or slush. The tread pattern of snow tyres generally consists of grooves and/or blocks which are more widely spaced than those of a normal tyre;

1.30. 'MST` (multiservice tyre) means a multi-use tyre, or in other words a tyre suitable for both on-road and off-road use;

1.31. 'maximum load rating` means the maximum mass which a tyre is rated to carry:

1.31.1. For speed lower or equal to 130 km/h the maximum load rating must not exceed the percentage of the value associated with the relevant load capacity index of the tyre as indicated in the table 'Load capacity variation with speed` (see section 1.27) with reference to the speed category symbol of the tyre and the speed capability of the vehicle to which the tyre is fitted.

1.31.2. For speed above 130 km/h but not exceeding 210 km/h the maximum load rating must not exceed the value of the mass associated with the load capacity index of the tyre.

1.31.3. In the case of tyres designed for a speed exceeding 210 km/h but not exceeding 270 km/h, the maximum load rating shall not exceed the percentage of the mass associated with the load capacity index for the tyre set out in the table below with reference to the speed category symbol of the tyre and the maximum design speed of the vehicle to which the tyre is to be fitted.

>TABLE>

1.31.4. For speeds in excess of 270 km/h the load rating must not exceed the mass specified by the tyre manufacturer with reference to the speed capability of the tyre.

For intermediate speeds between 270 km/h and the maximum speed permitted by the tyre manufacturer a linear interpolation of the load rating applies.

1.32. 'moped tyre` means a tyre designed to be fitted on mopeds;

1.33. 'motor cycle tyre` means a tyre designed primarily to be fitted on motor cycles;

1.34. 'rolling circumference (Cr)` means the theoretical distance covered by the centre (axis) of the wheel of a vehicle in motion during one complete revolution of the tyre and obtained from the following formula:

Cr = f × D, where:

D is the outer diameter of the tyre in accordance with the tyre size designation set out in item 3.1.2 in this Annex;

>TABLE>

2. MARKINGS

2.1. On at least one of their sidewalls tyres shall bear the following markings:

2.1.1. the make or trade name;

2.1.2. the tyre size designation as defined in item 1.16;

2.1.3. the indication of the tyre structure as follows:

2.1.3.1. in the case of diagonal or bias ply (cross-ply) tyres, no marking or else the letter 'D` preceding the rim diameter code;

2.1.3.2. in the case of bias-belted tyres, the letter 'B` preceding the rim-diameter code and, optionally, the words 'BIAS-BELTED`;

2.1.3.3. in the case of radial-ply tyres, the letter 'R` preceding the rim-diameter code and, optionally, the word 'RADIAL`;

2.1.4. the speed category of the tyre, expressed by the symbol referred to in item 1.28.2;

2.1.5. the load capacity index as defined in 1.26;

2.1.6. the word 'TUBELESS` where the tyre is intended for use without an inner tube;

2.1.7. the symbol 'REINFORCED` or 'REINF` in the case of a reinforced tyre;

2.1.8. the date of manufacture comprising three digits, the first two giving the week and the third the year. This information need be shown on only one sidewall;

2.1.9. the symbol 'M+S` or 'M.S` or 'M & S` in the case of a snow tyre;

2.1.10. the symbol 'MST` in the case of multiservice tyres;

2.1.11. the term 'MOPED`, 'CICLOMOTORE` or 'CYCLOMOTEUR` where a tyre is designed for mopeds;

2.1.12. Tyres suitable for speeds above 240 km/h must be marked with the appropriate letter code 'V` or 'Z`, as applicable (see section 1.31.3) within the tyre size designation and in front of the indication of the structure (see section 2.1.3).

2.1.13. Tyres suitable for speeds above 240 km/h (or 270 km/h respectively) must bear, within parenthesis, the making of the load capacity index (see Item 2.1.5) applicable at a speed of 210 km/h (or 240 km/h respectively) and a reference speed category symbol (see Item 2.1.4) as follows:

- 'V` in case of tyres identified with the letter code 'V` within the size designation.

- 'W` in case of tyres identified with the letter code 'Z` within the size designation.

2.2. Appendix 2 provides an example of layout for the tyre markings.

2.3. The markings referred to in 2.1 and the component type approval mark prescribed in Section 3 of Annex I shall be moulded into or onto the tyres. They shall be clearly legible.

3. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO TYRES

3.1. Tyre dimensions

3.1.1. Section width

3.1.1.1. the section width is calculated via the following formula:

S = S1 + K (A - A1), where:

S = section width expressed in mm measured on measuring rim

S1 = nominal section width (in mm) as set out on the tyre sidewall in the tyre size designation

A= width expressed in mm of the measuring rim stated by the manufacturer in the technical description

A1 = theoretical rim width expressed in mm

The value S1 multiplied by the X factor quoted by the tyre manufacturer is used for A1 and the value 0,4 is used for K.

3.1.1.2. However, where the tyre size designation appears in the first column of the tables in Appendix 4 to Annex II, the section width (S1) and the theoretical rim width (A1) shall be those entered opposite the tyre size designation in those tables.

3.1.2. Tyre outer diameter

3.1.2.1. The outer diameter of a tyre is that obtained from the following formula:

D = d + 2H, where:

D = the outer diameter expressed in mm

d = the nominal rim diameter expressed in mm

H = the nominal tyre height

H = S1 × 0,1 Ra, where:

S1 = the nominal section width

Ra = the nominal aspect ratio

as set out in the description on the tyre sidewall as required by Item 2.1.3.

3.1.2.2. However, the outer diameter of types of tyres for which the tyre size designation is entered in the first column of the tables in Appendix 4 to this Annex shall be that set out in the said tables opposite the tyre description.

3.1.3. Tyre measuring method;

The tyre dimensions shall be measured as specified in Appendix 5 to this Annex.

3.1.4. Specifications concerning tyre section width;

3.1.4.1. The overall width of a tyre may be less than the section width S as determined in accordance with Item 3.1.1.

3.1.4.2. It may exceed that value up to the value set out in Appendix 4 to this Annex or, in the case of tyre size designations not set out in the said Appendix 4, by the following percentages:

3.1.4.2.1. for a moped tyre, for a normal-purpose on-road and for a snow tyre for motor cycle:

+10 % in the case of a rim diameter code 13 and larger

+8 % for a rim diameter code of not more than 12;

3.1.4.2.2. for a multiservice tyre suitable for restricted on-road use and marked with MST + 25 %.

3.1.5. Specifications concerning the tyre's outer diameter;

3.1.5.1. The tyre's outer diameter must not exceed the minimum and maximum diameter values specified in Appendix 4 to this Annex.

3.1.5.2. The outer tyre diameter when the tyre size designation is not set out in Appendix 4 to this Annex shall not exceed the minimum and maximum diameter values obtained by applying the following formulas:

Dmin = d + (2H × a)

Dmax = d + (2H × b), where:

H and d are as defined in Item 3.1.2.1 and a and b are as defined in Items 3.1.5.2.1 and 3.1.5.2.2 respectively:

3.1.5.2.1. for a moped tyre, for normal on-road tyre and for snow tyres

>TABLE>

3.1.5.2.2. for a moped tyre and for a normal-purpose on-road tyre for a motocycle

>TABLE>

3.2. Load/speed perfomance test

3.2.1. The load/speed performance test shall be carried out on a tyre in accordance with the method set out in Appendix 6 to Annex II

3.2.1.1. Where application is made for tyres indentified by means of letter code 'V` within the size designation and suitable for speeds over 240 km/h or for tyres identified by means of letter code 'Z` within the size designation and suitable for speeds over 270 km/h (see Item 1.2.15 in Annex I), the above Load/Speed Test is carried out on one tyre at the load and speed conditions marked within parentesis on the tyre (see Item 2.1.13). Another load/speed test must be carried out on a second tyre of the same type at the load and speed conditions, if any, specified as maximum by the tyre manufacturer.

3.2.2. After successfully undergoing the load/speed test a tyre shall not exhibit any tread ply or cord separation or any chunking or cord breakage.

3.2.3. The outer diameter of the tyre measured at least six hours after the load/speed performance test shall not differ from the outer diameter measured before the test by more than ± 3,5 %.

3.2.4. The tyre's overall width measured at the end of the load/speed performance test shall not exceed the value set out in Item 3.1.4.2.

3.3. Dynamic growth of tyres

The tyres referred to in Item 1.1 in Appendix 8 to Annex II which have passed the load/speed performance test required in Item 3.2.1 shall undergo a dynamic growth test, to be carried out in accordance with the practical method set out in the said Appendix.

3.4. Where a tyres manufacturer produces a range of tyres, it is not necessary to carry out load/speed performance tests and dynamic growth tests on each type of tyre in the range. The option of choosing the least favourable case is left to the discretion of the authorities responsible for component type approval.

3.5. A modification of the tread pattern of a tyre is deemed as not necessitating a repetition of the test specified in sections 3.2 and 3.3 of this Annex.

3.6. Extensions of approval for tyres suitable for speeds over 240 km/h for tyres identified by means of letter code 'V` within the size designation (or 270 km/h for tyres identified by means of letter code 'Z` within the size designation), aiming at certification for different maximum speeds and/or loads, are permitted provided that a new test report related to the new maximum speed and load rating is supplied by the technical service responsible for carrying out tests. Such new load/speed capabilities must be specified in Appendix 2 of Annex I.

ANNEX III

REQUIREMENTS FOR VEHICLES WITH REGARD TO THE FITTING OF THEIR TYRES

1. GENERAL

1.1. Subject to the provisions of section 2, every tyre fitted to a vehicle, including any spare, shall be type-approved in accordance with the provisions of this Directive.

1.2. Tyre Fitment

1.2.1. All tyres fitted to a vehicle shall be identical as regards the aspects covered by Annex II, item 1.1.5,

1.2.2. All tyres fitted to a given axle shall be of the same type (see Annex II, item 1.1),

1.2.3. The manufacturer of the vehicle shall indicate the designations of tyres in accordance with the requirements of this Chapter. This or these tyre(s) made by the tyre manufacturer to the tolerances laid down in Annex II, items 3.1.4, 3.1.5 and 3.3 shall move freely in their intended position. The space in which the wheel revolves must be such as to allow unrestricted movement when the maximum permissible size of tyres is used within the suspension, steering and wheel guard constraints provided by the vehicle manufacturer,

1.2.4. Without prejudice to the requirements of item 1.2.3 and at the request of the motorcycle manufacturer, only tyres of certain tyre manufacturer(s) or tyres with equivalent safety criteria are permitted to be fitted for safety reasons; this condition applies only to tyres of speed categories W and Z for very powerful motorcycles.

1.3. Load capacity

1.3.1. The maximum load rating, as defined in item 1.31 of Annex II and account being taken of the requirements set out in Appendix 7 to Annex II, of every tyre with which the vehicle is fitted shall be at least equal to the following:

- the maximum permissible axle mass where the axle is equipped with one tyre only;

- half of the maximum permissible axle mass where the axle is equipped with two tyres in single formation;

- 0,54 times the maximum permissible axle mass where the axle is equipped with two tyres in dual (twin) formation;

- 0,27 times the maximum permissible axle mass where the axle is equipped with two sets of tyres in dual (twin) formation;

with reference to the maximum permissible axle mass declared by the vehicle manufacturer.

1.4. Speed capability

1.4.1. Every tyre with which a vehicle is normally fitted must have a speed category symbol (see Annex II section 1.28) compatible with the maximum design speed of the vehicle (as declared by the vehicle manufacturer including the tolerance permitted for series production conformity checks) or the applicable load/speed combination (see Annex II section 1.27),

1.4.2. The above specification does not apply: in the case of vehicles normally equipped with ordinary tyres and occasionally supplied with snow tyres or multiservice tyres.

However, in this case the speed category symbol of the snow tyres or multiservice tyres must correspond to a speed either greater than the maximum design speed of the vehicle (as declared by the vehicle manufacturer) or not less than 130 km/h (or both).

If, nevertheless, the maximum design speed of the vehicles (as declared by the vehicle manufacturer) is greater than the speed corresponding to the speed category symbol of the snow tyres or multiservice tyre, a maximum speed warning label specifying the maximum speed capability of the snow tyres must be displayed inside the vehicle in a prominent position readily visible to the driver.

2. SPECIAL CASES

2.1. Tyres which have been component type approved according to Directive 92/23/EEC may also be fitted to motorcycles with side-car, three-wheel mopeds, tricycles and quadricycles.

2.2. Motorcycle tyres may also be fitted to mopeds.

2.3. In the case of a vehicle which is fitted with tyres which are not motorcycle tyres, passenger car tyres or commercial vehicle tyres due to special conditions of use (e.g. agricultural tyres, industrial truck tyres, all terrain vehicle tyres), the requirements of Annex II do not apply provided that the approval authority is satisfied that the tyres fitted are suitable for the operating conditions of the vehicle.

2.4. Tyres fitted to low performance mopeds as defined in the note set out in Annex I to Directive 92/61/EEC on the type approval of two or three-wheel motor vehicles may be of a different type from those covered by the requirements of this Chapter owing to special conditions of use, provided that the authority responsible for vehicle type approval receives an assurance that the tyres fitted are appropriate to the conditions of use of the vehicle.

LIGHTING AND LIGHT-SIGNALLING DEVICES OF TWO- OR THREE-WHEEL MOTOR VEHICLES

LIST OF ANNEXES

Page

ANNEX I General requirements applying to the component type-approval of a type of lighting and light-signalling device for two- or three-wheel motor vehicles .......... 40

Appendix 1 Colours of light emitted - Trichromatic coordinates .......... 46

Appendix 2 Examples of arrangements of approval marks .......... 47

ANNEX II Requirements concerning the component type-approval of front position (side) lamps, rear lamps, stop lamps, direction indicator lamps, rear registration-plate illuminating device, front fog lamps, rear fog lamps, reversing lamps and retro-reflectors fitted to two or three-wheel motor vehicles .......... 55

Appendix 1 Minimum horizontal (H) and vertical (V) angles of spatial light distribution .......... 58

Appendix 2 Photometric measurements .......... 59

Appendix 3 Photometric measurements of the rear registration-plate illuminating device .......... 60

Appendix 4 Information document .......... 61

Appendix 5 Component type-approval certificate .......... 62

ANNEX III Requirements relating to the component type-approval of devices (headlamps) using incandescent or halogen filament lamps emitting a passing and/or driving beam fitted to two or three-wheel motor vehicles .......... 63

ANNEX III-A Headlamps for mopeds .......... 65

Appendix 1 Photometric tests on headlamps equipped with category S3 and S4 lamps .......... 66

Appendix 2 Photometric tests on headlamps equipped with category HS2 halogen lamps .......... 68

Appendix 3 Information document in respect of a type of headlamp intended for mopeds .......... 70

Appendix 4 Component type-approval certificate in respect of a type of headlamp intended for mopeds .......... 71

ANNEX III-B Headlamps for motorcycles and tricycles emitting a symmetrical passing beam and a driving beam by means of filament lamps .......... 72

Appendix 1 Photometric tests .......... 74

Appendix 2 Test on the stability of the photometric behaviour of headlamps in operation .......... 76

Appendix 3 Requirements for lamps incorporating lenses of plastic material and testing of lens or material samples and of complete lamps .......... 77

Page

Appendix 4 Information document in respect of a type of headlamp fitted with filament lamps, emitting a symmetrical passing beam and a driving beam and intended to be fitted to motorcycles and tricycles .......... 78

Appendix 5 Component type-approval certificate in respect of a type of headlamp fitted with filament lamps, emitting a symmetrical passing beam and a driving beam and intended for motorcycles and tricycles .......... 79

ANNEX III-C Headlamps for motorcycles and tricycles emitting an asymmetrical passing beam, a driving beam and fitted with halogen filament lamps (HS1 lamps) or filament lamps of category R2 .......... 80

Appendix 1 Measuring screen .......... 84

Appendix 2 Test on the stability of the photometric performance of headlamps in operation 85

Appendix 3 Requirements for lamps incorporating lenses of plastic material and testing of lens or material samples and of complete lamps .......... 86

Appendix 4 Information document in respect of a type of headlamp fitted with halogen filament lamps (HS1 lamps) or filament lamps of category R2, emitting an asymmetrical passing beam and a driving beam and intended to be fitted to motorcycles and tricycles .......... 87

Appendix 5 Component type-approval certificate in respect of a type of headlamp fitted with halogen filament lamps (HS1 lamps) or fialment lamps of category R2, emitting an asymmetrical passing beam and a driving beam and intended to be fitted to motorcycles and tricycles .......... 88

ANNEX III-D Headlamps for motorcycles and tricycles emitting an asymmetrical passing beam, a driving beam and fitted with halogen filament lamps other than HS1 lamps .......... 89

Appendix 1 Measuring screen .......... 94

Appendix 2 Tests on the stability of the photometric performance of headlamps in operation .......... 97

Appendix 3 Requirements for lamps incorporating lenses of plsatic material and testing of lens or material samples and of complete lamps .......... 100

Appendix 4 Information document in respect of a type of headlamp fitted with halogen filament lamps, emitting an asymmetrical passing beam and a driving beam and intended to be fitted to motorcycles and tricycles .......... 109

Appendix 5 Component type-approval certificate in respect of a type of headlamp fitted with halogen filament lamps, emitting an asymmetrical passing beam and a driving beam and intended to be fitted to motorcycles and tricycles .......... 110

ANNEX IV Incandescent lamps intended for use in component type-approved lamps for mopeds, motorcycles and tricycles .......... 111

Appendices 1 to 22 (See Annex IV) .......... 113

Appendix 23 Example of the arrangement of the approval mark .......... 178

Appendix 24 Luminous centre and shapes of lamp filaments .......... 179

ANNEX I

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TO THE COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF A TYPE OF LIGHTING AND LIGHT-SIGNALLING DEVICE FOR TWO- OR THREE-WHEEL MOTOR VEHICLES

1. For the purposes of this Chapter:

'type of device`

means devices which do not differ among themselves in such essential respects as the following:

1.1. make or trade name;

1.2. the characteristics of the optical system;

1.3. the addition or deletion of components likely to alter the optical results as a result of reflection, refraction or absorption and/or deformation during their operation;

1.4. their intended use in either right-hand or left-hand driving or both;

1.5. the materials constituting the lenses and coatings, if any.

2. APPLICATION FOR THE COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF A TYPE OF DEVICE

2.1. The application for the component type-approval of a type of device submitted in compliance with Article 3 of Council Directive 92/61/EEC of 30 June 1992 on the type-approval of two- or three-wheel motor vehicles must, moreover, provide the following details:

2.1.1. the intended function(s) of the device;

2.1.2. in the case of a headlamp, if designed for running on either side of the road or for left-hand or right-hand running only;

2.1.3. in the case of a direction indicator: its category.

2.2. For each type of device for which component type-approval is requested the application must be accompanied by:

2.2.1. drawings, in triplicate, in sufficient detail to permit identification of the type and setting out the geometrical conditions under which it is fitted to the vehicle, together with the direction of observation which must be taken into account as the reference axis during the tests (horizontal angle H = 0, vertical angle V = 0)and the point which must be taken as the centre of reference during these tests; in the case of a headlamp the drawings must show a vertical (axial) section and a head-on view with, where appropriate, details of the lens fluting; the drawings must also illustrate the position intended for the mandatory component type-approval mark and, where appropriate, additional symbols in relation to the rectangle for that mark;

2.2.2. a brief technical description giving details, in particular, with the exception of lamps with non-replaceable light sources, of the intended category or categories of filament lamp.

2.3. Applicants must also submit two samples of the device for which component type-approval is requested.

2.4. For the test of the plastic material of which the lenses of headlamps (1) and front fog-lamps are made, the following must be supplied:

2.4.1. thirteen lenses:

2.4.1.1. six of these lenses may be replaced by six samples of material at least 60 mm × 80 mm in size, having a flat or convex outer surface and a substantially flat area (radius of curvature not less than 300 mm) in the middle measuring at least 15 mm × 15 mm;

2.4.1.2. every such lens or sample of material must be produced by the method to be used in series production;

2.4.2. a reflector to which the lens can be fitted in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

2.5. The materials making up the lenses and coatings, if any, must be accompanied by the test report on the characteristics of these materials and coatings if they have already been tested.

2.6. The competent authority must verify the existence of satisfactory arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production before type-approval is granted.

3. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING THE MARKING OF AND MARKS ON DEVICES

3.1. Devices must bear the following in a clearly visible and indelible manner:

3.1.1. make or trade name;

3.1.2. a statement of the intended category or categories of filament lamp(s): this is not valid for lamps with non-replaceable light sources;

3.1.3. in the case of lamps with non-replaceable light sources the rated voltage and rated wattage should be stated;

3.1.4. the component type-approval mark in accordance with the provisions of Article 8 of Directive 92/61/EEC. In the case of headlamps the marks must be placed on the lens or main body of the lamp (the mirror being considered to be a main body). If the lens cannot be separated from the main body a position on the lens will suffice. That position must be shown on the designs referred to in 2.2.1. For examples, see Appendix 2 to this Annex.

4. COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF A DEVICE

4.1. When at least two devices form part of the same device component type-approval can be granted only if each of those devices meets the requirements of this Chapter.

5. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION CONTROL PROCEDURES

5.1. General

5.1.1. The conformity requirements are considered satisfied from a mechanical and geometric standpoint, if the differences do not exceed inevitable manufacturing deviations within the requirements of this Directive.

5.1.2. With respect to photometric performances, the conformity of series-produced devices must not be contested if, when testing photometric performances of any device chosen at random and in the case of signalling lamps, headlamps or front fog-lamps equipped with standard filament-lamps, no measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 % from the minimum values prescribed in this Directive.

5.1.3. If the results of the test described above do not meet the requirements, in the case of signalling lamps, headlamps or front fog-lamps, tests on devices must be repeated using another standard filament-lamp.

5.1.4. Devices with apparent defects are disregarded.

5.1.5. The trichromatic coordinates must be complied with in the case of signalling lamps, headlamps or front fog-lamps when these are equipped with filament lamps set to Standard A colour temperature.

5.2. Minimum requirements for verification of conformity by the manufacturer

For each type of device the holder of the approval mark must carry out at least the following tests, at appropriate intervals. The tests must be carried out in accordance with the provisions of this Directive.

If any sampling shows non-conformity with regard to the type of test concerned, further samples are taken and tested. The manufacturer must take steps to ensure the conformity of the production concerned.

5.2.1. Nature of tests

Tests of conformity to this Directive must cover the photometric and colorimetric characteristics for headlamps of motorcycles and tricycles and the verification of the change in vertical position of the cut-off line unde the influence of heat.

5.2.2. Methods used in tests

5.2.2.1. Tests must generally be carried out in accordance with the methods set out in this Directive.

5.2.2.2. In any test of conformity carried out by the manufacturer, equivalent methods may be used with the consent of the competent authority responsible for approval tests. The manufacturer is responsible for proving that the methods applied are equivalent to those laid down in this Directive.

5.2.2.3. The application of 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 requires regular calibration of test apparatus and its correlation with measurements made by a competent authority.

5.2.2.4. In all cases, the reference methods must be those laid down in this Directive, particularly for the purpose of administrative verification and sampling.

5.2.3. Nature of sampling

Smaples of devices are selected at random from the production of a uniform batch. A uniform batch means a set of devices of the same type, defined according to the production methods of the manufacturer.

The assessment must in general cover series production from individual factories. However, a manufacturer may group together records concerning the same type from several factories, provided these operate under the same quality system and quality management.

5.2.4. Measured and recorded photometric and colorimetric characteristics

The sampled device is subjected to photometric measurements at the points provided for in the relevant Annexes unless otherwise prescribed. The trichromatic coordinates must be complied with.

5.2.5. Criteria governing acceptability

The manufacturer is responsible for carrying out a statistical study of the test results and for defining, in agreement with the competent authority, criteria governing the acceptability of his products, in order to meet the specifications laid down for the verification of conformity of products in Annex VI to Directive 92/61/EEC.

The criteria governing the acceptability must be such that, with a confidence level of 95 %, the minimum probability of passing a spot check in accordance with section 6 (first sampling) would be 0,95.

6. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR SAMPLING BY AN INSPECTOR

6.1. General

6.1.1. The conformity requirements are considered satisfied from a mechanical and a geometric standpoint if the differences do not exceed inevitable manufacturing deviations within the requirements of this Directive.

6.1.2. With respect to photometric performance, the conformity of series-produced devices must not be contested if, when testing photometric performances of any device chosen at random and in the case of signalling lamps, headlamps or front fog-lamps equipped with standard filament lamps, no measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 % from the minimum values prescribed in this Directive.

6.1.3. The trichromatic coordinates must be complied with in the case of signalling lamps, headlamps or front fog-lamps when these are equipped with filament lamps set to Standard A colour temperature.

6.2. First sampling

In the first sampling four devices are selected at random. The first sample of two is marked A, the second sample of two is marked B.

6.2.1. The conformity is not contested.

6.2.1.1. Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of series-produced devices must not be contested if the deviation of the measured values of the device in the unfavourable directions are:

6.2.1.1.1. >TABLE>

go to sample B

6.2.1.1.2. >TABLE>

6.2.2. The conformity is contested.

6.2.2.1. Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of series-produced devices must be contested and the manufacturer requested to make his production meet the requirements (alignment) if the deviations of the measured values of the devices are:

6.2.2.1.1. >TABLE>

6.2.2.1.2. >TABLE>

6.2.3. Approval withdrawn

Conformity must be contested and Article 10 of Directive 92/61/EEC applied if, following the sampling procedure in Figure 1 of this Annex, the deviations of the measured values of the devices are:

6.2.3.1. >TABLE>

6.2.3.2. >TABLE>

6.3. Repeated sampling

In the cases of A3, B2, B3 a repeated sampling, third sample C of two devices and fourth sample D of two special warning lamps, selected from stock manufactured after alignment, is necessary within two months following the notification.

6.3.1. The conformity is not contested.

6.3.1.1. Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of series-produced devices must not be contested if the deviations of the measured values of the devices are:

6.3.1.1.1. >TABLE>

go to sample D

6.3.1.1.2. >TABLE>

6.3.2. The conformity is contested.

6.3.2.1. Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of series-produced devices must be contested and the manufacturer requested to make his production meet the requirements (alignment) if the deviations of the measured values of the devices are:

6.3.2.1.1. >TABLE>

6.3.3. Approval withdrawn

Conformity must be contested and Article 10 of Directive 92/61/EEC applied if, following the sampling procedure in Figure 1 of this Annex, the deviations of the measured values of the devices are:

6.3.3.1. >TABLE>

6.3.3.2. >TABLE>

Figure 1

>REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC>

ANNEX II

REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING THE COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF FRONT POSITION (SIDE) LAMPS, REAR LAMPS, STOP LAMPS, DIRECTION-INDICATOR LAMPS, REAR REGISTRATION-PLATE ILLUMINATING DEVICE, FRONT FOG-LAMPS, REAR FOG-LAMPS, REVERSING LAMPS AND RETRO-RELECTORS FITTED TO TWO- OR THREE-WHEEL MOTOR VEHICLES

1. DEFINITIONS

The relevant definitions set out in Annex I to Council Directive 93/92/EEC of 29 October 1993 on the fitting of lighting and light-signalling devices to two- or three-wheel motor vehicles apply (1).

1.1. 'Lens` means the outermost component of the lamp (device) which transmits light through the illuminating surface:

1.2. 'Coating` means any product or products applied in one or more layers to the outer face of a lens;

1.3. 'Devices of different types` are devices which differ in such essential respects as:

1.3.1. the make or trade name,

1.3.2. the characteristics of the optical system,

1.3.3. the inclusion or elimination of components capable of altering the optical effects by reflection, refraction, absorption and/or deformation during operation,

1.3.4. the type of filament lamp,

1.3.5. the materials constituting the lenses and coating, if any.

2. INFORMATION THAT IS ADDITIONAL TO THE COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL MARK FOR DIRECTION INDICATORS:

2.1. In the general case of a direction indicator a number stating that it is a front direction-indicator (category 11) or a rear direction-indicator (category 12) must be affixed close to the rectangle for the component type-approval mark and opposite the component type-approval number.

2.2. In the case of a direction indicator which does not, in accordance with 4.7.1. on one side achieve the minimum luminous intensity required up to an angle of H = 80°, a horizontal arrow, the tip of which is pointing in the direction where the minimum luminous intensity in accordance with 4.7.1 is achieved up to an angle of at least H = 80°, must be affixed below the rectangle for the component type-approval mark.

3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Devices must be designed and constructed in such a way that, under their normal conditions of use and despite any vibrations to which they may be submitted, their proper functioning remains unimpaired and they retain the characteristics required by this Annex.

4. INTENSITY OF THE LIGHT EMITTED

Within the reference axis the intensity of the light emitted by each of the two devices must be at least equal to the two minimum values and at most equal to the maximum values set out in the table below. In no direction must the maximum values stated be exceeded.

>TABLE>

4.5. Outside the reference axis the intensity of the light emitted within the angular fields defined in the diagrams in Appendix 1 must, in each direction corresponding to the points in the light distribution table set out in Appendix 2, be at least equal to the product of the minima set out in 4.1 to 4.4 and to the percentage set out in that table for the direction at issue.

4.6. By way of derogation from 4.1 a maximum luminous intensity of 60 cd is permitted for rear position (side) lamps that are reciprocally incorporated with stop lamps below a plane forming an angle of 5° downwards from the horizontal plane.

4.7. Moreover:

4.7.1. Throughout the fields defined in Appendix 1 the intensity of the light emitted must be at least 0,05 cd for position (side) lamps and at least 0,3 cd for stop lamps and direction-indicator lamps.

4.7.2. When a position (side) lamp has been grouped together or reciprocally incorporated with a stop lamp the ratio of the actually measured light intensities from the two lamps when lit simultaneously to the intensity of the rear position (side) lamp when lit alone must be at least 5:1 at the eleven measuring points defined in Appendix 2 and located within the field bounded by the vertical straight lines passing through 0° V/± 10° H and the horizontal straight lines passing through ± 5° V/0° H shown in the light distribution table.

4.7.3. The requirements set out in section 2.2 of Appendix 2 concerning local variations in intensity must be met.

4.8. The light intensities must be measured with the lamp constantly lit. Where lamps operate intermittently it must be ensured that the device does not overheat.

4.9. Appendix 2 as referred to in 4.5 provides details on the methods of measurement to be used.

4.10. The rear registration-plate illuminating device must meet the conditions set out in Appendix 3.

4.11. The photometric performance of lamps equipped with several light sources must be checked in accordance with the provisions of Appendix 2.

5. CONDITIONS ATTACHED TO THE TESTS

5.1. All the measurements must be carried out with a standard colourless lamp falling within the category intended for the device and adjusted in order to emit the reference light flux required for the lamp at issue. However, for lamps equipped with non-replaceable light sources, all measurements must be made at 6,75 V and 13,5 V respectively.

5.2. The vertical and horizontal edges of the light-emitting surface of the device are determined and dimensioned in relation to its reference centre.

6. COLOUR OF LIGHT EMITTED

Stop lamps and rear position (side) lamps must emit red light, front position (side) lamps must emit white light, and direction indicators amber light.

The coulor of the light emitted, measured by using a filament lamp of the category specified by the manufacturer, must be within the limits of the trichromatic coordinates prescribed in Appendix 1 to Annex I when this filament lamp is operated at its test voltage as specified in Annex IV.

However, for lamps equipped with non-replaceable light sources, the colorimetric characteristics must be verified with the light sources present in the lamps at a voltage of 6,75 V, 13,5 V or 28,0 V.

7. FRONT AND REAR FOG-LAMPS

The requirements of Directive 76/762/EEC on front fog-lamps and of Directive 77/538/EEC on rear fog-lamps apply.

8. REVERSING LAMPS

The requirements of Directive 77/539/EEC on reversing lamps apply.

9. RETRO-REFLECTORS

9.1. Pedal retro-reflectors

9.1.1. The shape of the retro-reflectors must be such that these are able to fit into a rectangle the side dimensions of which are in a ratio of not more than 8.

9.1.2. The pedal retro-reflectors must meet the requirements set out in Annex VIII to Directive 76/757/EEC in amber colour.

9.1.3. The functioning reflecting surface of each of the four pedal retro-reflectors must not be less than 8 cm².

9.2. Other retro-reflectors

The requirements set out in Directive 76/757/EEC on retro-reflectors apply.

ANNEX III

REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO THE COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF DEVICES (HEADLAMPS) USING INCANDESCENT OR HALOGEN FILAMENT LAMPS EMITTING A PASSING AND/OR DRIVING BEAM FITTED TO TWO- OR THREE-WHEEL MOTOR VEHICLES

1. DEFINITIONS

The relevant definitions set out in Annex I to Directive 93/92/EEC apply.

1.1. 'Lens` means the outermost component of the headlamp (unit) which transmits light through the illuminating surface;

1.2. 'Coating` means any product or products applied in one or more layers to the outer face of a lens;

1.3. 'Headlamps of different types` are headlamps which differ in such essential respects as:

1.3.1. the make or trade name;

1.3.2. the characteristics of the optical system;

1.3.3. the inclusion or elimination of components capable of altering the optical effects by reflection, refraction, absorption and/or deformation during operation. However, the fitting or elimination of filters designed to change the colour of the beam and not its light distribution does not constitute a change in the type;

1.3.4. suitability for right-hand or left-hand traffic or for both traffic systems;

1.3.5. the kind of beam produced (passing beam, driving or both);

1.3.6. the holder intended to accommodate the filament lamp (or lamps) of one of the relevant categories;

1.3.7. the materials constituting the lenses and coating, if any.

2. HEADLAMPS

A distinction is drawn between:

2.1. >TABLE>

2.2. >TABLE>

2.3. >TABLE>

ANNEX III-A

HEADLAMPS FOR MOPEDS

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Headlamps must be designed and manufactured in such a way that, under normal conditions of use and despite any vibrations to which they may be exposed, they continue to function correctly and retain the characteristics laid down in this Annex.

1.2. The parts intended to attach the lamp must be designed in such a way that, even in the dark, the lamp may be correctly fitted in its appropriate position.

2. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

2.1. The correct position of the lens in relation to the optical system must be clearly marked and locked in position in order to prevent rotation during use.

2.2. A measuring screen as described in Appendix 1 or 2 and a standard lamp using a smooth colourless filament lamp falling within one of the categories provided for in section 2.1 and in Annex III must be used in order to check the illumination provided by the headlamp.

The standard lamps must be adjusted to the relevant reference light flux in accordance with the values laid down for those lamps in the relevant technical document (see Annex IV).

2.3. The passing beam must produce a cut-off of such sharpness that correct adjustment by means thereof is a practical possibility. The cut-off must be perceptibly horizontal and as straight as possible over a horizontal length of at least ± 900 mm, measured at a distance of 10 m (in the case of a halogen lamp): length of at least ± 2 250 mm measured at a distance of 25 m; see Appendix 2). When adjusted in accordance with Appendix 1 headlamps must meet the conditions set out therein.

2.4. The light distribution must no vary in lateral terms in a way that impairs good visibility.

2.5. The illumination on the screen referred to in 2.2 must be measured by means of a photo receiver for a usable area lying within a 65 mm square.

3. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ATTACHED TO ANY INSPECTIONS WHICH MAY BE CARRIED OUT BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITIES WHEN CHECKING CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 5.2.4 OF ANNEX I

Any records of the photometric characteristics of headlamps taken in accordance with the general requirements concerning conformity testing must be restricted to points HV - LH - RH - L600 - R600 (see figure in Appendix 1).

ANNEX III-B

HEADLAMPS FOR MOTORCYCLES AND TRICYCLES EMITTING A SYMMETRICAL PASSING BEAM AND A DRIVING BEAM BY MEANS OF FILAMENT LAMPS

1. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING MARKS AND THE MARKING OF SPECIFIC DEVICES

1.1. Headlamps must bear in a clearly legible and indelible manner the letters 'MB` (symbol for driving-beam headlamp) opposite the component type-approval number.

1.2. All headlamps designed in such a way as to preclude any simultaneous lighting-up of the passing-beam filament and that of any other light source with which they may be integrated may be marked with an oblique stroke (/) following the symbol (MB) for the passing beam in the component type-approval mark.

1.3. On headlamps incorporating a lens of plastic material, the letters 'PL` must be affixed near the symbol prescribed in 1.1.

2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Each of the samples must meet the specifications set out in section 3 below.

2.2. Headlamps must be designed and manufactured in such a way that, under normal conditions of use and despite any vibrations to which they may be exposed, they continue to function properly and retain the required characteristics.

2.2.1. Headlamps must be fitted with a device enabling them to be adjusted on the vehicle in accordance with the rules applying to them. A device of this type may be dispensed with where headlamp units consists of a reflector and lens which cannot be separated where the use of units of this type is restricted to vehicles on which the headlamps are adjusted by other means.

If headlamps specifically designed for driving-beam operation and headlamps specifically designed for passing-beam operation, each of which has an individual lamp, are grouped together or reciprocally incorporated in a single device, the setting device must enable each of the optical systems to be adjusted individually in order to achieve the offical settings.

2.2.2. However, these provisions do not apply to headlamp assemblies whose reflectors are indivisible. For this type of assembly the requirements set out in section 3.3 apply. Where more than one light source is used to provide the main beam, the combined functions must be used to determine the maximum value of the illumination (Emax).

2.3. The parts intended to attach the filament lamp must be made in such a way that even in the dark, the filament lamp can be attached without uncertainty in its appropriate position.

2.4. Additional tests meeting the requirements of Appendix 2 must be carried out in order to ensure that there are no excessive variations in photometric performance during use.

2.5. If the lens of the headlamp is of plastic material, additional tests must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 3.

3. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

3.1. The correct position of the lens in relation to the optical system must be clearly marked and locked in position in order to prevent rotation during use.

3.2. In order to check the illumination produced by the headlamp a measuring screen as described in Appendix 1 is used, together with a standard lamp (S1 and/or S2, see Annex IV) having a smooth colourless filament lamp.

Standard lamps must be adjusted to the relevant reference light flux applying in accordance with the values required for such lamps.

3.3. The passing beam must produce a cut-off of such sharpness that correct adjustment by means thereof is a practical possibility. The cut-off must be as straight and as horizontal as possible over a horizontal length of at least ± 5°. When adjusted in accordance with Appendix 1 headlamps must meet the conditions set out therein.

3.4. The light distribution must not vary in lateral terms in a way that impairs good visibility.

3.5. The illumination on the screen referred to in 3.2 must be measured by means of a functioning-surface photocell lying within a 65 mm square.

4. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TO ANY INSPECTIONS WHICH MAY BE CARRIED OUT BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITIES WHEN CHECKING CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 5.1 OF ANNEX I

4.1. For value in zone III, the maximum unfavourable deviation may be respectively:

- 0,3 lux equivalent 20 %

- 0,45 lux equivalent 30 %.

4.2. if, for the driving beam, HV being situated within the isolux 0,75 Emax, a tolerance of + 20 % for maximum values and - 20 % for minimum values is observed for the photometric values at any measuring point specified in sections 4.3 and 4.4 of Appendix 1 to this Directive.

4.3. With respect to the verification of the change in the vertical position of the cut-off line under the influence of heat, the following procedure is applied:

One of the sampled headlamps is tested in accordance with the procedure described in section 2.1 of Appendix 2 after being subjected three consecutive times to the cycle described in section 2.2.2 of Appendix 2.

The headlamp is considered to be acceptable if AEr does not exceed 1,5 mrad.

If this value exceeds 1,5 mrad but is not more than 2,0 mrad, a second headlamp is subjected to the test, after which the mean of the absolute values recorded on both samples may not exceed 1,5 mrad.

ANNEX III-C

HEADLAMPS FOR MOTORCYCLES AND TRICYCLES EMITTING AN ASYMMETRICAL PASSING BEAM, A DRIVING BEAM AND FITTED WITH HALOGEN FILAMENT LAMPS (HS1 LAMPS) OR FILAMENT LAMPS OF CATEGORY R2

1. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING MARKS AND THE MARKING OF DEVICES

1.1. Headlamps designed in such a way as to meet the requirement of a single rule of the road (driving on either the right or the left) must, on the lens, bear the limits of the area which may possibly be masked in order to avoid distracting road users in a country where the rule of the road is not that for which the headlamp has been designed. However, when that area is directly identifiable by design any such delimination is not necessary.

1.2. Headlamps designed in such a way as to meet the requirements of driving on the right and those for driving on the left must bear markings in order to locate the two positions for the fixing in position of the light unit on the vehicle or the lamp on the reflector; these markings consist of the letters 'R/D` for the position corresponding to driving on the right and the letters 'L/G` for the position corresponding to driving on the left.

1.3. All headlamps designed in such a way as to preclude any simultaneous lighting-up of the dipped-beam filament and that of any other light source with which they may be associated must be marked with an oblique stroke (/) within the component type-approval mark, after the passing beam headlamp symbol.

1.4. Where headlamps meet only the requirements of driving on the left, a horizontal arrow pointing to the right of an observer looking at the headlamp head on, i.e. towards the side of the road driven upon, must be entered below the component type-approval mark.

1.5. Where, by means of a deliberate alteration in the adjustment of the light unit or lamp, headlamps meet the requirements of both rules of the road, a horizontal arrow having two tips pointing one to the left and the other to the right must be entered below the component type-approval mark.

1.6. The letters 'MBH` on headlamps with HS1 lamps are placed opposite the component type-approval mark.

1.7. The marks and symbols referred to above must be clearly visible and indelible.

1.8. On headlamps incorporating a lens of plastic material, the letters 'PL` must be affixed near the symbols prescribed in 1.2 to 1.7.

2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Each of the samples must meet the specifications set out in sections 3 to 5.

2.2. Headlamps must be designed and manufactured in such a way that under the normal conditions of use and despite any vibrations to which they may be exposed they continue to function properly and retain the characteristics required by this Annex.

2.2.1. Headlamps must be fitted with a device enabling them to be adjusted on the vehicle in such a way as to meet the rules applying to them. This said device does not need to be attached to the parts within which the reflector and diffuser lens cannot be separated, provided that the use of those parts is restricted to vehicles on which the headlamps may be adjusted by other means.

Where a headlamp emitting a driving beam and a headlamp emitting a passing beam, each being equipped with its own lamp, are grouped together to form a composite unit, the setting device must enable each individual optical system to be set in an appropriate manner.

2.2.2. However, these provisions do not apply to headlamp assemblies whose reflectors are indivisible. In this instance the requirements of section 2 of this Annex shall apply. When more than one light source provides the driving beam those sources must be combined in order to determine the maximum illumination value (Emax).

2.3. The parts intended to attach the filament lamp to the reflector must be made in such a way that, even in the dark, the filament lamp can be attached without uncertainty in its appropriate position.

2.4. The correct position of the lens in relation to the optical system must be clearly marked and locked in position in order to avoid any rotation.

2.5. Where headlamps have been designed in such a way as to meet the requirements of driving on both the right and the left adaptation to a given rule of the road may be obtained by a suitable initial setting when the vehicle is equipped or via a deliberate action on the part of the user. That initial setting or that deliberate action must, for example, consist of a specific angular setting either of the sealed-beam assembly on the vehicle or of the lamp in relation to that assembly. In all cases only two different setting positions that have been clearly specified and correspond in each case to a rule of the road (driving on the right or left), must be possible and any shift into an intermediate position must be made impossible. When the lamp is able to occupy two different positions the parts intended to attach the lamp to the reflector must be designed and manufactured in such a way that, in each of those two positions, the lamp is attached with the same precision as required for headlamps designed for just one rule of the road. Conformity must be checked visually and, where appropriate, by means of a test assembly.

2.6. In order to ensure that operation does not involve any excessive variation in photometric performance additional tests must be carried out as required by Appendix 2.

2.7. If the lens of the headlamps is of plastic material, additional tests must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 3.

3. ILLUMINATION REQUIREMENTS

3.1. General requirements

3.1.1. Headlamps must be designed in such a way that, with adequate HS1 or R2 lamps, they emit a light that is not dazzling but is nevertheless adequate on passing beam and provides good illumination on driving beam.

3.1.2. A screen placed vertically at a distance of 25 m in front of the headlamp, as shown in Appendix 1, must be used to check the illumination produced by the headlamp.

3.1.3. A colourless reference lamp designed for a nominal voltage of 12 V must be used in examining headlamps. The current at the termnals of the lamp during examination of the headlamp must be set to the following characteristics:

>TABLE>

>TABLE>

The headlamp must be considered acceptable if it meets the requirements set out in section 3 with at least one reference lamp which may be presented together with the headlamp.

3.1.4. The dimensions determining the position of the filaments within the HS1 or R2 filament reference lamp are set out in Annex IV.

3.1.5. The bulb for the filament reference lamp must be of such a shape and optical quality that it causes a minimum of reflection or refraction which may have an adverse effect on the light distribution.

3.2. Requirement relating to the passing beam

3.2.1. The passing beam must produce a cut-off of such distinctness that it is possible to carry out adjustments correctly using the said cut-ff. The cut-off must be a straight horizontal line on the side opposite to the rule of the road for which the headlamp is intended. On the other side the cut-off must not go beyond either broken line HV-H1 and H4 formed by a straight line formed by HV-H1 lying at an angle of 45° with the horizontal and a straight line H1-H4 offset by 1° in relation to straight line h-h, or straight line HV-H3 inclined by 15° to the horizontal (see Appendix 1). In no case is a cut-off going beyond both line HV-H2 and line H2-H4 and resulting from the combination of the two preceding possibilities acceptable.

3.2.2. The headlamp must be aligned in such a way that:

3.2.2.1. where headlamps are designed to meet the requirements of driving on the right the cut-off on the left-hand half of the screen must be horizontal and for headlamps designed to meet the requirements of driving on the left the cut-off in the right-hand half of the screen must be horizontal. The setting screen must be sufficiently wide to permit examination of the cut-off over at least 5° on each side of line v-v;

3.2.2.2. on the screen this horizontal part of the cut-off must be 25 cm below the horizontal plane passing through the focal centre of the headlamp (see Appendix 1);

3.2.2.3. the tip of the cut-off must be on straight line v-v. If the beam does not have a cut-off, a clear 'elbow` lateral setting must be presented in such a way as best to meet the illumination requirements applying to points 75 R and 50 R for driving on the right and point 75 L and 50 L for driving on the left.

3.2.3. When aligned in this manner the headlamp must meet the requirements referred to in 3.2.5 to 3.2.7 and 3.3.

3.2.4. Where a headlamp aligned as referred to above does not meet the requirements of 3.2.5 to 3.2.7 and 3.3 it is permissible to alter the setting provided that the axis of the beam is not moved sideways by more than 1° (= 44 cm) to the right or left. The incorrect setting limit of 1° to the right or left is not compatible with a verticla incorrect setting upwards or downwards which is restricted only by the requirements laid down in 3.3. However, the horizontal part of the cut-off must not go beyond line h-h. In order to make settings easier by means of the cut-off it is permissible partly to mask the headlamp in order to make the cut-off more distinct.

3.2.5. The illumination produced on the screen by the passing beam must meet the requirements set out in the following table:

>TABLE>

3.2.6. In none of the zones I, II, III and IV must there be lateral variations that impair good visibility.

3.2.7. Headlamps designed to meet the requirements of driving on the right and those for driving on the left must, for each of the two locations of the sealed beam unit or lamp meet the requirements set out above for the rule of the road corresponding to the location under consideration.

3.3. Requirements concerning the driving beam

3.3.1. The illumination produced on the screen by the driving beam must be measured using the same headlamp setting as for the measurements defined in 3.2.5 to 3.2.7.

3.3.2. The illumination produced on the screen by the driving beam must meet the following requirements:

3.3.2.1. Point of intersection HV of lines h-h and v-v must be at the isolux representing 90 % of maximum illumination. Maximum value Em must be at least 32 lux. Its value must not exceed 240 lux.

3.3.2.2. Starting from the HV point horizontally to the right and to the left, the illumination must be at least 16 lux at a distance of 1,125 m and at least equal to 4 lux up to a distance of 2,25 m.

3.4. The illumination on the screen referred to in 3.2.5 to 3.2.7 and 3.3 must be measured by means of a useable-area photo receiver acting within a 65 mm square.

4. REFRENCE HEADLAMP

A headlamp which:

4.1. meets the component type-approval requirements set out below;

4.2. has an effective diameter of at least 160 mm;

4.3. provides illumination, with a reference lamp, at various point within the various areas provided for in 3.2.5;

4.3.1. which is at least 90 % of the maximum values, and

4.3.2. at least 120 % of the minimum limits as required by the table in 3.2.5, is considered to be a reference headlamp.

5. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ATTACHED TO ANY INSPECTIONS WHICH MAY BE CARRIED OUT, BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITIES WHEN CHECKING CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION ACCORDING TO SECTION 5.1 OF ANNEX I

5.1. For values B 50 L (or R) and Zone III the maximum deviation may be respectively

> TABLE POSITION>

5.2. For the passing beam, the prescribed values in this Directive are met at HV (with a tolerance of 0,2 lux) and related to that aiming at least one point of each area delimited on the measuring screen (at 25 m) by a circle 15 cm in radius around points B 50 L (or R) (with a tolerance of 0,1 lux), 75 R (or L), 50 R (or L), 25 R and 25 L in the entire area of zone IV which is not more than 22,5 cm above line 25 R and 25 L.

5.2.1. If, for the driving beam, HV being situated within the isolux 0,75 Emax, a tolerance of + 20 % for maximum values and - 20 % for minimum values is observed for the photometric values at any measuring point specified in section 3.2.5 of this Annex, the reference mark is disregarded.

5.3. If the results of the tests described above do not meet the requirements, the alingment of the headlamp may be changed, provided that the axis of the beam is not displaced laterally by more than 1° to the right or left.

5.4. Headlamps with apparent defects are disregarded.

5.5. The reference mark is disregarded.

ANNEX III-D

HEADLAMPS FOR MOTORCYCLES AND TRICYCLES EMITTING AN ASYMMETRICAL PASSING BEAM, A DRIVING BEAM AND FITTED WITH HALOGEN FILAMENT LAMPS OTHER THAN HS1 LAMPS

1. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING MARKS AND THE MARKING OF DEVICES

1.1. Headlamps designed in such a way as to meet the requirement of a single rule of the road (driving on either the right or the left) must, on the lens, bear the limits of the area which may possibly be masked in order to avoid distracting road users in a country where the rule of the road is not that for which the headlamp has been designed. However, when that area is directly identifiable by design any such delimination is not necessary.

1.2. Headlamps designed in such a way as to meet the requirements of driving on the right and those for driving on the left must bear markings in order to locate the two positions for the fixing in positions for the fixing in position of the light unit on the vehicle or the lamp on the reflector; these markings consist of the letters 'R/D` for the position corresponding to driving on the right and the letters 'L/G` for the position corresponding to driving on the left.

1.3. All headlamps designed in such a way as to preclude any simultaneous lighting-up of the dipped-beam filament and that of any other light source with which they may be associated must be marked with an oblique stroke (/) within the component type-approval mark, after the passing beam-headlamp symbol.

1.4. Where headlamps meet only the requirements of driving on the left, a horizontal arrow pointing to the right of an observer looking at the headlamp head-on, i.e. towards the side of the road driven upon, must be entered below the component type-approval mark.

1.5. Where by means of a deliberate alteration in the adjustment of the light unit or lamp, headlamps meet the requirements of both rules of the road, a horizontal arrow having two tips pointing one to the left and the other to the right must be entered below the component type approval mark.

1.6. The following additional symbol or symbols:

1.6.1. on headlamps meeting left-hand traffic requirements only, a horizontal arrow pointing to the right of an observer facing the headlamp, i.e. to the side of the road on which traffic moves;

1.6.2. on headlamps designed to meet the requirements of both traffic systems by means of an appropriate adjustment of the setting of the optical unit or the filament lamp, a horizontal arrow with a head at each end, the heads pointing respectively to the left and to the right;

1.6.3. on headlamps meeting the requirements of this Directive in respect of the passing beam only, the letters 'HC`;

1.6.4. on headlamps meeting the requirements of this Directive in respect of the driving beam only, the letters 'HR`;

1.6.5. on headlamps meeting the requirements of this Directive in respect of both the passing and the driving beam, the letters 'HCR`;

1.6.6. on headlamps incorporating a lens of plastic material, the letters 'PL` to be affixed near the symbols prescribed in 1.6.3 to 1.6.5.

2. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.1. Each sample must conform to the specifications set out in sections 6 to 8.

2.2. Headlamps must be so made as to retain their prescribed photometric characteristics and to remain in good working order when in normal use, in spite of the vibrations to which they may be subjected.

2.2.1. Headlamps must be fitted with a device enabling them to be so adjusted on the vehicle as to comply with the rules aplicable to them. Such a device need not be fitted on components in which the reflector and the lens cannot be separated provided the use of such components is confined to vehicles on which the headlamp setting can be adjusted by other means. Where a headlamp providing a driving beam and a headlamp providing a passing beam, each equipped with its own filament lamp, are assembled to form a composite unit, the adjusting device must enable each optical system individually to be duly adjusted. However, this does not apply to headlamp assemblies whose reflectors are indivisible. For this type of assembly, the requiremens of section 6 apply.

2.3. The components by which the filaments lamp(s) is/are fixed to the reflector must be so made that, even in darkness, the filament lamp(s) can be fixed in no other position but the correct one (1) (2).

The filament lamp-holder must conform to the dimensional characteristics as given in the following data sheets of CIE Publication 61-2:

>TABLE>

2.4. Headlamps designed to satisfy the requirements of both right-hand and left-hand traffic may be adapted for traffic on a given side of the road either by an appropriate initial setting when fitted on the vehicle or by selective setting by the user. Such initial or selective setting may consist, for example, of fixing either the optical unit at a given angle on the vehicle or the filament lamp at a given angle in relation to the optical unit. In all cases, only two precise setting positions, one for right-hand and one for left-hand traffic, must be possible, and the design must preclude inadvertent shifting of the headlamp from one position to the other or its setting in an intermediate position. Where two different setting positions are provided for the filament lamp, the components attaching the filament lamp to the reflector must be designed and made so that, in each of its two settings, the filament lamp is held in position with the precision required for headlamps intended for traffic on only one side of the road. Conformity with the requirements of this section must be verified visually and, where necessary, by a test fitting.

2.5. Only for headlamps equipped with single-filament halogen lamps: On headlamps designed to provide alternately a driving beam and a passing beam, any mechanical, eletro-mechanical or other device incorporated in the headlamp for switching from one beam to the other (3) must be so constructed that:

2.5.1. the device is strong enough to be worked 50 000 times without suffering damage despite the vibration to which it may be subjected in normal use;

2.5.2. in the case of failure it is possible to obtain the passing beam automatically;

2.5.3. either the passing beam or the driving beam can always be obtained without any possibility of the mechanism stopping in between the two positions;

2.5.4. the user cannot, with ordinary tools, change the shape or position of the moving parts.

2.6. Complementary tests must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 2 to ensure that in use there is no excessive change in photometric performance.

2.7. If the lens of the headlamp is of plastic material, tests must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 3.

3. ILLUMINATION

3.1. General provisions

3.1.1. Headlamps must be so made that, with suitable H1, H2, H3, HB3, HB4, H7 and/or H4 filament lamps, they provide adequate illumination without dazzle in the case of the passing beam and good illumination in the case of the driving beam.

3.1.2. The illumination produced by the headlamp must be checked on a vertical screen set at a distance of 25 m in front of the headlamp and at right angles to its axis (see Appendix 1).

3.1.3. The headlamps must be checked by means of (a) standard (reference) filament lamp(s) designed for a rated voltage of 12 V. During the checking of the headlamp, the voltage at the terminals of the filament lamp must be regulated so as to obtain the following characteristics:

>TABLE>

The headlamp is deemed satisfactory if the photometric requirements are met with at least one standard (reference) 12-volt filament lamp which may be supplied with the headlamp.

3.1.4. The dimensions determining the position of the filament inside the standard (reference) 12-volt filament lamp are shown on the relevant data sheet of Annex 4.

3.1.5. The bulb of the standard (reference) filament lamp must be of such optical shape and quality that it does not cause any reflection or refraction adversely affecting the light distribution. Compliance with this requirement must be checked by measuring the light distribution obtained when a standard headlamp is fitted with the standard (reference) filament lamp.

3.2. Provisions regarding passing beams

3.2.1. The passing beam must produce a sufficiently sharp cut-off to permite satisfactory adjustment with its aid. The cut-off must be horizontal straight line on the side opposite to the direction of traffic for which the headlamps is intended; on the other side it must extend neither beyond the broken line H-V, H1-H4 formed by a straight line HV-H1 standing at an angle of 45° to the horizontal and a straight line H1-H4 lying 25 cm above the straight line hh, nor beyond the straight line HV-H3, inclined at an angle of 15° above the horizontal (see Appendix 1). A cut off extending beyond both line HV-H2 and H2-H4 and resulting from a combination of the above two possibilities shall in no circumstances be permitted.

3.2.2. The headlamp must be so aimed that:

3.2.2.1. in the case of headlamps designed to meet the requirements of right-hand traffic, the cut-off on the left half of the screen (1) is horizontal and in the case of headlamps designed to meet the requirements of left-hand traffic, the cut-off on the right half of the screen is horizontal.

3.2.2.2. this horizontal part of the cut-off is situated 25 cm below the line h-h (see Appendix 1);

3.2.2.3. the elbow of the cut-off is on line v-v (2).

3.2.3. when so aimed the headlamp need, if its approval is sought solely for a passing beam (3), comply only with the requirements referred to in 3.2.5 to 3.2.7 and 3.3.

3.2.4. Where a headlamp so aimed does not meet the requirements of 3.2.5 to 3.2.7 and 3.3, its alignment may be changed provided that the axis of the beam is not laterally displaced by more than 1° (= 44 cm) to the right or left (1). To faciltate adjustment by means of the cut-off, the headlamp may be partially occluded in order to sharpen the cut-off.

3.2.5. The illumination produced on the screen by the passing beam must meet the following requirements:

>TABLE>

3.2.6. There must be no lateral variations detrimental to good visibility in any of the zones I, II, III and IV.

3.2.7. The illumintation values in zones 'A` and 'B` as shown in figure C in Annex IV must be checked by the measurement of the photometric values of points 1 to 8 on this figure; these values must lie within the following limits:

- 0,7 lux ≥ 1, 2, 3, 7 ≥ 0,1 lux

- 0,7 lux ≥ 4, 5, 6, 8 ≥ 0,2 lux.

3.2.8. Headlamps designed to meet the requirements of both right-hand and left-hand traffic must in each of the two setting positions of the optical unit or of the filament lamp, meet the requirements set out above for the corresponding direction of traffic.

3.3. Provisions regarding driving beams

3.3.1. In the case of a headlamp designed to provide a driving beam and a passing beam, measurements of the illumination produced on the screen by the driving beam must be taken with the same headlamp alignment as for measurements under 3.2.5 to 3.2.7. In the case of a headlamp providing a driving beam only, it must be adjusted that the area of maximum illumination is centred on the point of intersection of the lines h-h and v-v. Such a headlamp need meet only the requirements referred to in 3.3.

3.3.2. The illumination produced on the screen by the driving beam must meet the following requirements:

3.3.2.1. the point of intersection (HV) of lines h-h and v-v must be situated within the isolux representing 90 % of maximum illumination. This maximum value (Emax) must be not less than 48 lux. The maximum value must in no case exceed 240 lux. Moreover, in the case of a combined passing and driving headlamp, this maximum value must not be more than 16 times the immumination measured for the passing beam at point 75 R (or 75 L).

3.3.2.1.1. the maximum luminous intensity (lmax) of the driving beam expressed in thousands of candelas must be calculated by means of the formula:

lmax = 0,625 Emax

3.3.2.1.2. the refrence mark (l'max) indicating this maximum intensity and referred to in 1.6 must be obtained by means of the formula:

l'max = >NUM>lmax >DEN>3 = 0,208 Emax

this value being rounded to whichever is the nearest of the following: 7,5, 10, 12,5, 17,5, 20, 25, 27,5, 30, 37,5, 40, 45, 50.

3.3.2.2. Starting from the HV point horizontally to the right and left, the illumination must not be less than 24 lux up to a distance of 1,125 m and not less than 6 lux up to a distance of 2,25 m.

3.4. The screen illumination values referred to in 3.2.5 to 3.2.7 and 3.3 must be measured by means of a photoreceptor, the effective area of which must be contained within a square of 65 mm side.

4. GAUGING DISCOMFORT

The discomfort caused by the passing beam of headlamps must be gauged.

5. STANDARD HEADLAMP

5.1. A headlamp is deemed to be a standard (reference) headlamp if it:

5.1.1. satisfies the abovementioned requirements for approval;

5.1.2. has an effective diameter of not less than 160 mm;

5.1.3. provides with a standard filament lamp, at the various points and in the various zones referred to in 3.2.5, illumination equal to:

5.1.3.1. not more than 90 % of the maximum limits and

5.1.3.2. not less than 120 % of the minimum limits prescribed in the