COMVIISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMVttJNITIES 
COM(90) 493 final - SYN 240 
Brussels, 19 October 1990 
Amendment to the proposal for a 
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 
pi I AMENDING DIRECTIVE 70/220/EEC ON THE APPROXIMATION 
teilïiîâfS OF THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES RELATING TO 
! MEASURES TO BE TAKEN AGAINST AIR POLLUTION 
pia»i|iiii BY EMISSIONS FROM MOTOR VEHICLES 
pSi^l^SS (presented by the Commission pursuant to Article 149(3) 
J:x.Z:;T:'-TZ of the EEC-Treaty) 
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rXIMANATORY MrMORANOUM 
A. On 2 February 1990 the Commission sent to the Council a proposal for a 
directive amending Directive 70/220/EEC on the approximation of the laws of 
the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by 
emissions from motor vehicles. 
On 12 September 1990 the European Parliament approved the proposal on first 
reading subject to 35 amendments. 
The Commission has accepted 16 of the amendments, which it has agreed to 
incorporate in an appropriate fashion in an amended proposal. 
B. The Commission therefore proposes to amend its proposal as follows: 
1. A drafting amendment is made in the fifth recital. 
2. Sharing Parliament's concern that an increase in vehicle registrations 
will result in an increase in exhaust gas emissions, the Commission proposes 
inserting a new recital after the seventh recital to establish a link between 
the standards proposed and the development of road traffic. 
3. A number of amendments relate to matters which are not directly covered by 
the proposal for a directive but which concern additional legislative 
initiatives on aspects such as: 
evaporation tosses in the process of storage and distribution; 
fuel qua Ii ty; 
retrofitting of exhaust gas cleaning devices; 
financial Incentives for the scrapping of older cars and the retrofitting 
of exhaust gas cleaning devices; 
roadworthiness testing of existing cars-, 
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financial support for research Into new propulsion techniques and fuels; 
the limitation of CO2 emissions from motor vehicles; 
tougher emission standards for certain categories of vehicles not covered 
by the directive. 
It is proposed to confirm the Commission's support or commitment in this 
connection in eight new recitals to be added after the existing recitals. 
4. The other amendments accepted by the Commission concern the technical 
provisions of the proposed directive. 
4.1 Acting on Parliament's opinion that only the 80 000 km durability test 
should be adopted, the Commission proposes an addition to the sixth 
recital, amendments to Annex I (point 5.3.5) and Annex X (point 1.9) and 
the deletion of Annex Vil (30 000 km durability test). 
4.2 In order to meet Parliament's request that the test cycle at top speed 
reduced to 90 km/h be deleted, the Commission proposes a time limit for 
using this test cycle so that from 1 July 1994 the type-approvai test for 
any new type of car ("M1 category) will be exclusively based on the 
120 km/h driving cycle. It is proposed that this amendment be incorporated 
in a new paragraph 4 to be added to Article 2 of the directive. 
4.3 Having accepted in principle Parliament's request that an oxygen sensor in 
a catalytic converter system must remain operational In all engine 
operating conditions, the Commission proposes making an addition to the 
provisions of Annex I, point 5.1.1. 
4.4 To act on Parliament's wish to ensure that all components of the future 
European standards are as stringent as the American standards, the 
Commission proposes reducing the limit values for particulate emissions 
from diesel cars to a level based on a comparative study of the future 
European test with the American test. This entails an amendment to the 
third column of the tables of limit values in points 5.3.2.4 and 7.1.1.1 
in Annex I. 
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4.5 To go at least part of the way towards meeting Parliament's concern about 
tolerances for conformity checking, the Commission proposes a time limit 
for the transitional provisions for cars below 1.4 litres type-approved in 
accordance with Directive 89/458/EEC (point 8.4 of Annex I). 
4.6 The deletion of Annex VII (see point 4.1 above) necessitates renumbering 
the annexes to the proposed directive. 
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AMENDMENTS TO THE PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 
AMENDING DIRECTIVE 70/220/EEC ON «TIE 
APPROXIMATION OF THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES 
RELATING TO MEASURES TO BE TAKEN AGAINST AIR POLLUTION 
BY EMISSIONS BY MOTOR VEHICLES 
The fifth recital Is to be amended to read as follows: 
"Whereas the work undertaken by the Commission in that sphere has shown that 
the Community has available, or is currently perfecting, technologies which 
allow a drastic reduction of the limit values In question for all engine 
s i zes;" 
The following is to be added at the end of the sixth recital: 
"Whereas the durability test should be based on 80 000 km driven and should 
carried out using a procedure involving vehicles which are actually driven on 
a test track or roller test bench;" 
The following new recital Is to be added after the seventh recital: 
"Whereas the new standards and the test procedure should be laid down in the 
light of future developments in traffic in the European Community; whereas 
completion of the internal market is likely to lead to an Increase in vehicle 
registrations, which will result in an increase in exhaust gas emissions;" 
The following new recitals are to be added after the last recitai: 
"Whereas the Commission shall submit, no later than 31 December 1990, a 
proposal for a directive on the measures to reduce evaporation losses at every 
stage in the process of storage and distribution of motor fuels; 
Whereas there is also an urgent need to improve significantly the quality of 
fuel at filling stations-, 
Whereas the introduction of tougher standards would also be speeded up if the 
Member States introduced a system to encourage purchasers of new vehicles to 
have their old vehicles scrapped or, as far as possible, recycled; 
Whereas it Is desirable that the Member States take measures to ensure that, 
as far as possible, older vehicles are fitted with exhaust gas cleaning 
devices; 
Whereas the environmental impact of the tougher standards would be greatly 
increased and speeded up if the Member States were to grant, after 
31 December 1992, tax incentives for the purchase and installation on vehicles 
already in service of equipment which will ensure that the standards set out 
in this directive are complied with; 
Whereas, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission, the 
Council shall adopt the measures to be taken by the Member States In order to 
ensure that regular roadworthiness tests are carried out to determine the 
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efficiency, in terms of emissions and operation, of the equipment fitted to 
at I motor vehicles-, 
Whereas the constant increase in environmental pollution caused by the rapid 
increase in traffic In the Community necessitates not only the adoption of 
limit values and tougher standards but also the development of alternative 
propulsion systems and transport concepts; whereas the Community should take 
steps to provide financial support for research and development for 
alternative transport concepts, propulsion systems and fuels; 
Whereas, therefore, in order to maximise the impact of the standards set out 
in this directive, the Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal 
from the Commission, shall decide before 31 December 1992 on measures designed 
to: 
limit CO2 emissions, 
adapt the emission standards (and the associated tests) for vehicles not 
covered by this directive, including all commercial vehicles, 
lay down regular inspections and procedures for replacing, repairing or 
maintaining the equipment fitted in order to meet the values laid down, 
implement a research and development programme to encourage the marketing 
of clean vehicles and fuels." 
The following new paragraph is to be added after paragraph 3 of Article 2: 
4. "As from 1 July 1994 the type I test for category M-j vehicles shall be 
carried out exclusively by means of a combination of the elementary urban 
cycle defined In Annex III, appendix 1.2, and the extra-urban cycle 
defined in Annex III, appendix 1.3 (top speed: 120 km/h)". 
Annex I 
Point 5.1.1 
The following is to be added at the end: 
"If an oxygen sensor is used in the catalytic coverter system, steps 
must be taken to ensure that the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio 
(lambda) is maintained when a certain speed is reached or when 
accélérâtIng. 
However, temporary variations in this ratio are permissible if they 
also occur during the test defined in points 5.3.1 and 7.1.1 
respectively, or if these variations are necessary for safe driving 
and for the correct operation of the engine and of components which 
affect pollutant emissions or if these variations are necessary for 
cold starting." 
Point 5.3.1.4 (Table): 
Third column (mass of particulates): "0.19" to be replaced by "0.14" 
Point 7.1.1.1 (Table): 
Third column (mass of particulates): "0.24" to be replaced by "0.18" 
Point 5.3.5. (Type V test): 
Point 5.3.5.1 to read as follows: 
"5.3.5.1 This test should be carried out on all vehicles referred to in 
Section 1, with the exception of those vehicles referred to in 
8.1. The test represents an aging test of 80 000 km driven in 
accordance with the programme described in Annex VII on a test 
track, on the road or on a roller test bench." 
Point 5.3.5.2, first sentence to read as follows: 
"5.3.5.2 Notwithstanding the requirements of 5.3.5.1, a manufacturer may 
choose to have the deterioration factors from the following table 
used as an alternative to testing to 5.3.5.1." 
Point 8.4 to read as follows: 
"8.4 For the checking of conformity of vehicles type-approved in accordance 
with the provisions of Directive 70/220/EEC as last amended by 
Directive 89/458/EEC, the provisions of Directive 89/458/EEC remain 
applicable until 31 December 1994." 
Annex VI I (aging test of 30 000 km) 
This annex is to be deleted. 
The numbering of the following annexes is to be changed as follows: 
Annex VIM becomes Annex VII (aging test of 80 000 km) 
Annex IX becomes Annex VIII (reference fuels) 
Annex X becomes Annex IX (EEC type-approval certificate) 
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Annex IX (EEC type-approval certificate) 
Point 1.9 
Type V, durability, first indent: 
- durability type: delete "30 000 km" 
ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(90) 493 final 
DOCUMENTS 
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Catalogue number : CB-CO-90-507-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-64824-4 
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