State aid - Greece

Aid C 19/2002 (ex NN 133/2000) - Misuse of aid authorised in previous decisions and on new unlawful aid granted to the Community air carrier Olympic Airways

Invitation to submit comments pursuant to Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty

(2002/C 98/03)

(Text with EEA relevance)

By means of the letter dated 6 March 2002, reproduced in the authentic language on the pages following this summary, the Commission notified Greece of its decision to initiate the procedure laid down in Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty concerning the abovementioned aid.

Interested parties may submit their comments on the aid in respect of which the Commission is initiating the procedure within one month of the date of publication of this summary and the following letter, to: European Commission Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

Directorate F

B - 1049 Brussels Fax (32-2) 296 46 94.

These comments will be communicated to Greece. Confidential treatment of the identity of the interested party submitting the comments may be requested in writing, stating the reasons for the request.

SUMMARY

On 14 August 1998, the Commission adopted a decision(1) according to which the aid granted or to be granted by Greece to the air carrier Olympic Airways was compatible with the common market under the terms of the provisions of old Article 92(3)(c) of the Treaty and of Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA agreement. The aid measures approved by the 1998 decision were accompanied by a restructuring plan. The 1998 decision followed a previous decision by the Commission concerning Olympic Airways, which was taken on 7 October 1994(2). With this decision the Commission had approved for the first time the aid in question. Furthermore, the aid approved by the 1998 decision was subject to the respect of four conditions listed in Article 1 of that decision. The 21 commitments attached to the 1994 decision formed the essential requirements along with the restructuring plan the basis of the approval of the aid in 1998.

By letter of 17 and 27 December 1999 the Greek authorities, in anticipation of the evolution of the process regarding the privatisation of Olympic Airways (this process was decided upon 13 December 1999) informed the Commission that they had decided to ask for the suspension of the examination of the payment of the instalment of GRD 7,8 billion. The payment of this instalment was initially foreseen for 15 June 1999 after submission to the Commission of a report on the implementation of the restructuring plan 10 weeks before such date.

By July 2000 the Greek State had issued loan guarantees totalling USD 201,6 million for the purchase of four Airbus 340. Following the notification by the Greek Government on 17 July 2000 regarding the use of the remaining authorised aid concerning Olympic Airways for the relocation of Olympic Airways from Hellinikon airport to the new Athens international airport at Spata and the extension of the deadline for the loan guarantees until 31 March 2001, the Commission, informed the Greek authorities by letter of 10 November 2000 of its decision to amend Article 1(1)(ii) of the 1998 decision with regard to the loan guarantees. Following this modification, the aid measure in question consisted of loan guarantees totalling USD 378 million for loans to be contracted before 31 March 2001 for the purchase of new aircraft and for investment necessary for the relocation of Olympic Airways to the new airport at Spata.

Against the provisions of the restructuring plan for 1998-2002 that formed the basis of the 1998 decision, Olympic Airways' economic and financial development has been the following:

(a) Olympic Airways presented for 1998, a GRD 269,5 billion (EUR 790,9 million) turnover and a negative operational result established at GRD 11,7 billion (EUR 34,3 million), while a positive result of GRD 14,6 billion (EUR 42,8 million) was foreseen. The net result was for its part of GRD 1,6 billion (EUR 4,69 million) compared with the positive result envisaged GRD 5,1 billion (EUR 14,9 million).

(b) The situation still deteriorated during 1999. The balance sheet and profit and loss accounts for 1999 were published only on 28 December 2001. Accordingly, in 1999, instead of the estimated positive net result of GRD 21 billion (approximately EUR 63 million), and a GRD 329 billion (EUR 965 million) turnover, Olympic Airways' net losses amounted to GRD 26 billion (approximately EUR 78 million) for a GRD 273,6 billion (EUR 802,9 million) turnover. Also, the cumulative losses (from previous years) reached GRD 89,65 billion (EUR 263 million).

(c) In May 1999 the Greek Government submitted to the Commission a report on the implementation of Olympic Airways' restructuring plan and supplemented it by a Memorandum in June 1999. This report was scrutinised by an independent expert (Deloitte & Touche) in accordance with the provisions of the 1998 decision. the report of Deloitte & Touche suggested significant shortcomings in the state of implementation of the plan; its analysis indicated that it would not allow the Commission to take a positive decision on the release of the last instalment. Accordingly, the Greek Government would submit an updated restructuring plan for Olympic Airways, which would then be examined by the Commission as to whether it could be linked with the capital injection of GRD 7,8 billion.

(d) According to information published in the Greek press in August 2000 Olympic Airways' financial situation had further deteriorated. The debts of the company were higher than GRD 40 billion (EUR 117,38 million) and the accounts of the company had not been certified by the Greek tax authorities for five years. Also, the Greek press indicated gaps in the accounts of the company and of an estimated operational loss of GRD 5 billion (EUR 14,67 million) in 2000.

(e) To date, the Olympic Airways' accounts for 1999 and 2000 have not been communicated by the Greek Government to the Commission. Also, no information has been received on the financial situation of the company during 2001. It appears that Olympic Airways has not published accounts for 2000. Furthermore, no estimates for 2001 are available.

(f) Olympic Airways' audited financial statements for 1999 were published on 28 December 2001. The auditors indicate that in application of various provisions of Greek Law 2190/1920 concerning private limited companies, Olympic Airways' own funds are below 50 % of the share capital of the company. For that reason, the company should either be dissolved or take urgently restructuring measures to remedy this situation.

On 12 October 2000 the Hellenic Air Carrier Association ("HACA") lodged a complaint against the Greek State for continuing to give Olympic Airways aid in various forms against the 1994 and 1998 Commission decisions. Also, HACA lodged on 24 July 2001 a supplementary complaint against the Greek State for continuing to grant Olympic Airways aid in various forms against the 1994 and 1998 Commission decisions in the light of developments occurred in 2001. The Greek State submitted observations to the complaint by letters of 19 February, 7 November and 11 December 2001. The main arguments relating to Sate aid matters presented by HACA were the following:

(i) Olympic Airways' current situation infringes the conditions imposed in the 1994 decision not to grant any further aid to Olympic Airways in any form whatsoever in conformity with Community law (condition (e) of that decision), to give Olympic Airways the fiscal status of a public limited company comparable to that of Greek undertakings under ordinary law, except from any taxes likely to affect the recapitalisation operations (condition (c) and to adopt immediately the legislation necessary for the effective implementation of the salary, social and financial aspects of the plans (condition (f) of that decision).

(ii) The fuelling facility fee at Spata is disproportionate to the cost of the fuel facility. The Olympic Fuel Company ("OFC") operating and managing the facility at the airport for 23 years, is a joint venture between Olympic Airways, Motor Oil Hellas, Avin Oil, Belgian Fuelling Services Co. and Hansa Consult Ingenieure GmbH, where Olympic Airways is the biggest shareholder. It is alleged that the excessive pricing constitutes a form of unfair subsidy to Olympic Airways.

(iii) It is alleged that Olympic Airways is not paying the "Spatosimo", the tax collect from passengers departing from any Greek airport a tax for the development of Greek airports.

(iv) It is alleged that Olympic Airways is seriously in arrears with its payment obligations to the Greek State of approximately GRD 16 billion (approximately EUR 47 million) this amount corresponding to unpaid taxes (including the "Spatosimo") for more than three years and outstanding amounts of GRD 6,5 billion (approximately EUR 19 million), involving 5 % monthly penalty rate for defaulting payments.

(v) It is alleged that Olympic Airways subsidiary Olympic Aviation benefits from VAT relief on fuel and spare parts while not being entitled to it (more than 80 % of its flights are domestic, as required by Greek Law 2859/2001 regarding VAT). The likely financial benefit to Olympic Airways is estimated in excess of GRD 800 million (approximately EUR 2,6 million).

(vi) It is alleged that Olympic Airways is in default, or substantial delay, in settling other liabilities to the Greek State, including charges payable to Greek airports (other than at Spata) in respect of rent of premises and landing charges social security contributions for its employees, VAT at 8 % collected by Olympic Airways on domestic fares.

Assessment

At this stage, on the basis of the abovementioned facts as well as information available to the Commission, it appears that the restructuring plan that formed a basis for the 1998 decision was not respected and that several of the conditions imposed by that decision, including the grant of new illegal aid, have not been observed.

OA's development since 1998 is to be examined in the appropriate legal framework set up by (a) the Community guidelines of 10.12.1994 on the application of Articles 92 and 93 of the Treaty and Article 61 of the EEA Agreement to State aid in the aviation sector, and (b) the Community guidelines on State aid for rescuing and restructuring firms in difficulty.

OA's current situation with regard to the non-implementation of the restructuring plan, the non-respect of various of the conditions and commitments attached to the 1998 decision as well as the serious doubts concerning the existence of new illegal aid granted to the company, mean that aid measures that were covered by the 1998 decision are, in principle, no longer compatible. That in turn means that the measures covered by that decision as well as any subsequent aid have to be (re-)assessed.

In particular, OA's development since 1998 as well as the position of the Greek authorities with regard to the complaint indicate that the current legal and fiscal status of the company confers an advantage to Olympic Airways. Also, OA's default on and/or deferred payments to the Greek State as well as to the Greek airports indicate that the company benefits of measures, which are State-financed, selective in character, affect trade between Member States and appear to distort competition. They therefore constitute State aid within the meaning of Article 87(1) of the EC Treaty and are incompatible with the common market, unless OA can benefit from derogation provided in the EC Treaty. The aid measures do not seem to comply with any of the aid exemptions provided by the EC Treaty.

The Commission wishes to recall that the case at hand indicates that on the one hand there have been certain conditions and commitments of the 1998 (as part of the 1994 decision) that have not been observed and on the other certain measures that indicate that there is new unlawful aid which is not only a breach of the aforementioned conditions but also a State aid even if considered by itself.

The Commission is of the opinion, that the issues raised by HACA in their initial and supplementary complaint as "new illegal aid" to OA, may constitute State aid and raise serious doubts about their compatibility with Articles 87(3)(c) and 88(3) of the Treaty.

The Commission considers that the following measures, apart of being a possible violation of the prior decisions, seem particularly likely to constitute State aid:

A. The Member State tolerance with the non-application of normal commercial law rules to OA.

B. The Member State tolerance with the default on or deferred payment of social security and tax obligations by OA.

C. The Member State tolerance with the default on or deferred payment of the different kind of airport charges.

D. The exemptions from taxes, notary or registration fees for OA transactions.

E. The possibility of offsetting debts of the State and of OA, or between airports and OA, including the "Spatosimo" tax, in a non-transparent way.

F. The granting of the operation of the fuelling facility to an OA subsidiary without an open tender and the tariff conditions applied.

G. The granting by the Greek State of a loan for EUR 19,5 million (GRD 6,6 billion to OA to cover operational costs (including overdue payments to financial institutions) and in particular financial difficulties occurring throughout the period of November 2001 to February 2002.

From information available to the Commission it results that the following conditions of the 1998 decision and commitments attached to the 1994 decision have not been respected.

(a) Article 1(a) of the 1998 decision requires Greece to fulfil the undertakings referred to in Article 1(a) to (u) of the 1994 decision.

In view of various provisions of Greek Laws 95/76, 2271/94, 2414/96 and 2602/98, it does not appear that OA's legal and fiscal status is that of an ordinary private or public limited company. In particular, on the basis of the provisions of Greek Law 2414/96 concerning public utility undertakings, directly applicable to OA, the State does not appear to refrain from interfering in the management of OA. Also, certain provisions of Greek Laws 95/76 and 2414/94 go beyond the tax exoneration affecting OA's recapitalisation and restructuring as provided for in both the 1994 and the 1998 decision. These indicate that appropriate legislation necessary for the effective implementation of the salary, social and financial aspects of OA's restructuring plan as provided for in the 1998 decision has not been promulgated.

The situation described above appears to be against the commitment of the Greek State to ensure that:

- from a management and status point of view (Article 1(a) and (c) of the 1994 decision), OA would have the fiscal status of a public limited company become an undertaking subject to ordinary law on the same footing as the other Community airlines with no special privileges or constraints,

- it would not interfere in the management of OA except within the strict limits of its role as shareholder (Article 1(b) of the 1994 decision),

- it would have adopted immediately the legislation necessary for the effective implementation of the salary, social and financial aspects of the plan (Article 1(f) of the 1994 decision).

Furthermore, OA appears to be defaulting on and/or in arrears with payments due to Greek airports (including Spata) and the Greek State for airport charges, the use of facilities (rentals), fees and levies and taxes. These aspects indicate the likelihood of further aid to OA against the commitment of the Greek State not to grant any further aid in any form whatsoever to that company, in accordance with Community law (Article 1(e) of the 1994 decision).

(b) Article 1(d) of the 1998 decision requires the Greek State to have implemented a fully operational and adequate management information system by 1 December 1998 and submit a report to the Commission on such a system by that date. The Greek State has failed to inform the Commission about the full implementation of a fully operational and adequate management information system by 1 December 1998 as required by the 1998 decision.

(c) Article 1(2) of the 1998 decision requires the Greek State to submit a report to the Commission in March and October 2000 on the fulfilment of all the conditions imposed to secure the compatibility of the aid and the implementation of the restructuring plan. The Greek State has failed to date to submit such a report to the Commission.

At this stage, it seems unlikely that the measures identified herein fulfil the conditions of compatibility contained in the Community Guidelines of 1994 and 1999. In particular, it should be stressed that the current situation whereby OA has been cutting has to be examined against the fact that OA has not correctly implemented the restructuring plan and the fact that the company has already received aid.

TEXT OF THE LETTER

"Η Επιτροπή επιθυμεί να πληροφορήσει την Ελλάδα ότι αποφάσισε να κινήσει εκ νέου τη διαδικασία που προβλέπεται στο άρθρο 88 παράγραφος 2 της συνθήκης ΕΚ όσον αφορά την ενίσχυση η οποία χορηγήθηκε στον αερομεταφορέα 'Ολυμπιακή Αεροπορία' και τις θυγατρικές του εταιρείες.

1. Η ΕΝΔΙΑΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΗ ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΣΗ

1. Η Ολυμπιακή Αεροπορία ΑΕ (η οποία στο εξής καλείται 'ΟΑ') αποτελεί δημόσια επιχείρηση με νομική μορφή του ιδιωτικού δικαίου, η κύρια έδρα δραστηριοτήτων της οποίας είναι στην Αθήνα και η οποία κατέχει άδεια αερομεταφορέα η οποία εκδόθηκε από την ελληνική Υπηρεσία Πολιτικής Αεροπορίας. Η εταιρεία ιδρύθηκε το 1956 και περιήλθε στην πλήρη ιδιοκτησία του κράτους το 1975 βάσει νόμου (με τον ελληνικό νόμο αριθ. 96 της 26ης Ιουλίου 1975). Η ΟΑ εκτελεί εσωτερικές και διεθνείς αεροπορικές γραμμές χρησιμοποιώντας ως κομβικό κέντρο τον Διεθνή Αερολιμένα Αθηνών που βρίσκεται στα Σπάτα (ο οποίος στο εξής καλείται 'ΔΑΑ') και τον αερολιμένα των Αθηνών στο Ελληνικό έως τη στιγμή που έπαυσε να λειτουργεί στις 27 Μαρτίου 2001. Εκμεταλλεύεται συνολικό αριθμό 32 αεροσκαφών εξυπηρετώντας 72 προορισμούς και απασχολώντας, τη στιγμή αυτή, 6839 μόνιμους και περίπου 3500 εποχιακούς υπαλλήλους(3).

2. Η ΟΑ έχει ορισμένες θυγατρικές επιχειρήσεις, οι οποίες συγκροτούν τον όμιλο ΟΑ. Ορισμένες από τις θυγατρικές αυτές επιχειρήσεις ανήκουν στην απόλυτη ιδιοκτησία της ΟΑ. Η Ολυμπιακή Αεροπλοΐα (Olympic Aviation) apoteleί qygatrikή epixeίrhsh se posostό 100 % kai idrύqhke to 1971. H Olympiakή Aeroploΐa anaptύxqhke ypό th morfή thw deytereύoysaw perifereiakήw aeroporikήw etaireίaw toy esvterikoύ diktύoy thw OA. Apasxoleί 550 mόnimoyw kai 200-250 epoxiakoύw ypallήloyw. H Olympiakή Aeroploΐa anέptyje apό to 1998 kai metά eyrvpaϊkό dίktyo poy ejyphreteί grammέw apό ton Dieqnή Aerolimέna thw Qessalonίkhw 'Makedonίa'. Ekmetalleύetai synolikά 20 aeroskάfh kai tέssera elikόptera.

Oi Makedonikέw Aerogrammέw (Macedonian Airlines) apoteloύn epίshw idiόkthth qygatrikή aeroporikή epixeίrhsh se posostό 100 % thw OA h opoίa idrύqhke to 1992. Egkainίase tiw esvterikέw (hpeirvtikέw kai nhsivtikέw) drasthriόthtέw thw to 1997 kai ekmetalleύetai 3 aeroskάfh bάsei tvn symfvniώn xrhmatodotikήw mίsqvsήw toyw. To prosvpikό thw apoteleίtai synolikά apό 135 άtoma, 59 apό ta opoίa anήkoyn sto έktakto prosvpikό.

3. H OA askeί epίshw drasthriόthtew se polyάriqmoyw tomeίw oi opoίoi sxetίzontai me tiw yphresίew aeroporikώn metaforώn. H etaireίa Olympic Air Cruises (Olympiakέw Aeroporikέw Perihgήseiw) apoteleί toyristikό praktoreίo idiokthsίaw katά 100 % me έdra to Londίno to opoίo idrύqhke to 1969, kai askeί drasthriόthtew apokleistikά sth bretanikή agorά.

H OA agόrase to 1975 thn etaireίa 'Mariott Hellas Airport Services' se posostό 100 %, metonomάzontάw thn se 'Olympic Catering AE'. To merίdio poy elέgxei sήmera anέrxetai se 74,74 %, enώ to ypόloipo apoteleί diapragmateύsimo tίtlo eishgmέno sto Xrhmatistήrio Ajiώn Aqhnώn. H 'Olympic Catering' prosfέrei yphresίew episitistikήw trofodosίaw (catering) se 45 aerometaforeίw synolikά (metajύ tvn opoίvn sygkatalέgetai h OA kai oi qygatrikέw thw aeroporikέw epixeirήseiw) kaqώw kai yphresίew episitistikήw trofodosίaw se biomhxanikή klίmaka (se nosokomeίa, kέntra katάrtishw k.lp.). H 'Olympic Catering' askeί epίshw drasthriόthtew ston DAA (katέxei tέsseriw άdeiew leitoyrgίaw estiatorίvn) kai ekmetalleύetai synolikά 47 anacyktήria kai 4 estiatόria se diάforoyw ellhnikoύw aerolimέnew. Apasxoleί 1540 άtoma, 700 apό ta opoίa eίnai epoxiakoί ergazόmenoi.

4. H OA elέgxei merίdio 66 % sthn 'Olympic fuel Company' (h opoίa kaleίtai sto ejήw 'OFC'), h opoίa apoteleί koinoprajίa dhmosίvn kai idivtikώn etaireiώn h opoίa έxei sygkrothqeί ypό th morfή thw koinήw epixeίrhshw me apokleistikό skopό thn anέgersh, leitoyrgikή ekmetάlleysh kai diaxeίrish tvn egkatastάsevn trofodosίaw me kaύsima ston DAA. Sthn OFC paraxvrήqhke apό thn ellhnikή kybέrnhsh άdeia leitoyrgikήw ekmetάlleyshw kai diaxeίrishw tvn egkatastάsevn ston aerolimέna gia 23 έth. Mέtoxoi thw koinoprajίaw eίnai ektόw apό thn OA, h Motor Oil Hellas, h Avin Oil, h Belgian Fuelling Services Co. kai h Hansa Consult Ingenieure GmbH.

H OA έxei merίdio 65 % sthn 'Olympic Into Plane Company AE', h opoίa apoteleί koinή epixeίrhsh me th Rafinages Total (qygatrikή epixeίrhsh thw Elf Total Fina), sthn opoίa έxei paraxvrhqeί eptaetήw άdeia paroxήw yphresiώn anefodiasmoύ aeroskafώn (ypό th morfή thw yphresίaw edάfoyw) ston DAA. Sto plaίsio thw drasthriόthtaw aytήw, h OA elέgxei epίshw merίdio 17 % sthn Pipeline Company, h opoίa apoteleί thn idioktήtria toy agvgoύ poy metaforάw tvn kaysίmvn ston DAA. Oi ypόloipoi mέtoxoi thw en lόgv etaireίaw eίnai: h motor Oil (16 %), h Petrola (16 %), o DAA (17 %) kai h etaireίa Ellhnikά Petrέlaia (34 %), etaireίa elegxόmenh apό to ellhnikό krάtow.

Tέlow, h OA elέgxei posostό 99,9 % thw etaireίaw Galileo Hellas (0,1 % thw opoίaw apoteleί idiokthsίa thw Olympiakήw Aeroploΐaw), h opoίa dianέmei to hlektronikό sύsthma krάthshw qέsevn Galileo International sthn Ellάda kai thn Kύpro.

5. H politikή poy efάrmose h Ellάda έvw to 1992 sta qέmata tvn dimerώn symfvniώn aerometaforώn antanakloύse th basikή arxή 'Bermuda 1', me άlla lόgia dhladή όti o proorismόw periorizόtan se mia aeroporikή etaireίa gia kάqe antisymballόmeno mέrow kai όti epikratoύse genikή aproqymίa paraxώrhshw dikaivmάtvn me bάsh thn pέmpth, έkth kai έbdomh arxή eleύqerhw metaforάw se allodapoύw aerometaforeίw. Mόno stiw prόsfatew symfvnίew, όpvw gia parάdeigma tiw symfvnίew Ellάdaw/Mάltaw kai Ellάdaw/Koybέit poy ypogrάfhkan to 1999, kaqώw kai stiw symfvnίew me thn Taϋlάndh, thn Aiqiopίa, ton Kanadά kai tiw HPA epitrέpetai o pollaplόw proorismόw o opoίow, se amoibaίa bάsh, epitrέpei se dύo aerometaforeίw gia kάqe antisymballόmeno mέrow na ekteloύn ptήseiw stiw kaqorizόmenew diadromέw sth symfvnίa, paraxvrώntaw se aytoύw όla ta dikaiώmata eleύqerhw metaforάw metajύ proorismώn sthn Ellάda kai sthn EE, ejairoymέnvn tvn periptώsevn 'endometaforάw' (kampotάz). H Ellάda den ypέgrace vstόso potέ kamίa symfvnίa anoiktώn aiqέrvn me kάpoia trίth xώra.

2. TA PRAGMATIKA PERISTATIKA

2.1. Oi apofάseiw poy ejέdvse h Epitropή sto parelqόn anaforikά me thn OA kai tiw qygatrikέw thw epixeirήseiw

6. Stiw 7 Oktvbrίoy 1994, h Epitropή ejέdvse sxetikή apόfash(4) (h opoίa sto ejήw kaleίtai 'h apόfash toy 1994') sύmfvna me thn opoίa h enίsxysh h opoίa eίxe xorhghqeί ή eprόkeito na xorhghqeί apό thn Ellάda sthn OA ήtan symbibάsimh me thn koinή agorά bάsei tvn diatάjevn toy prώhn άrqroy 92 parάgrafow 3 stoixeίo g) thw synqήkhw kai thw symfvnίaw gia ton Eyrvpaϊkό Oikonomikό Xώro (h opoίa sto ejήw kaleίtai h 'symfvnίa'), sύmfvna me th rύqmish toy άrqroy 61 parάgrafow 3 stoixeίo g) thw symfvnίaw, ypό thn proϋpόqesh όti h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh qa sebόtan seirά desmeύsevn.

H dέsmh mέtrvn xorήghshw enisxύsevn synapartizόtan apό ta akόloyqa mέtra:

- tiw eggyήseiw daneίvn poy eίxan parasxeqeί sthn OA mέxri thn hmeromhnίa ekeίnh sύmfvna me to άrqro 6 toy ellhnikoύ nόmoy ariq. 96 thw 26hw Ioynίoy 1975,

- tiw nέew eggyήseiw daneίvn ύcoyw 378 ekatommyrίvn dolarίvn HPA gia ta dάneia poy eprόkeito na synafqoύn prin apό tiw 31 Dekembrίoy 1997 me skopό thn agorά nέvn aeroskafώn,

- th meίvsh toy bάroyw apό ta xrέh thw OA katά 427 disekatommύria draxmέw,

- th metatropή xreώn thw OA ύcoyw 64 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn se metoxikό kefάlaio,

- th syneisforά kefalaίvn ύcoyw 54 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn se treiw dόseiw ύcoyw 19, 23 kai 12 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn, antistoίxvw, katά ta έth 1995, 1996 kai 1997.

Ta teleytaίa tέssera apό ta en lόgv pέnte mέtra synapoteloύsan mέrow toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw kai anakefalaiopoίhshw gia thn OA, to opoίo eίxe arxikά ypoblhqeί sthn Epitropή. Bάsei tvn stoixeίvn aytώn, h Epitropή eίxe katalήjei sto sympέrasma όti h enίsxysh qa dieykόlyne thn anάptyjh tvn drasthriotήtvn aeroporikώn metaforώn se mia katakermatismέnh, perifereiakή perioxή thw Koinόthtaw, thw opoίaw apoteleί έna apό ta ligόtero aneptygmέna skέlh.

7. O symbibάsimow xaraktήraw thw enίsxyshw teloύse vstόso ypό ton όro όti h Ellάda qa symmorfvnόtan me tiw 21 desmeύseiw tiw opoίew eίxe analάbei, gia na diasfalisteί όti h enίsxysh den eprόkeito na ephreάsei dysmenώw toyw όroyw tvn synallagώn se baqmό o opoίow ήtan antίqetow prow to koinό symfέron. Sύmfvna me tiw desmeύseiw aytέw, oi opoίew aforoύsan tόso thn OA, όso kai th qygatrikή thw epixeίrhsh Olympiakή Aeroploΐa, epiballόtan h Ellάda na thrήsei toyw ejήw όroyw:

a) na katargήsei έvw tiw 31 Dekembrίoy 1994 to άrqro 6 toy ellhnikoύ nόmoy ariq. 96 thw 26hw Ioynίoy 1975 me to opoίo epitrepόtan sto ellhnikό krάtow h paroxή eggyήsevn gia ta dάneia poy synomologoύse h OA·

b) na mhn parembaίnei sto έrgo thw diaxeίrishw thw OA, pέran toy aysthroύ orίoy toy rόloy poy askeί ypό thn idiόthta toy metόxoy·

g) na ypaxqeί h OA, έvw tiw 31 Dekembrίoy 1994, sto forologikό kaqestώw thw anώnymhw etaireίaw, anάlogo me to kaqestώw poy isxύei gia tiw ellhnikέw epixeirήseiw toy idivtikoύ tomέa, ejairoymέnhw vstόso thw perίptvshw thw apallagήw thw OA apό tyxόn fόroyw poy endέxetai na epiblhqoύn stiw diadikasίew anakatάtajhw kefalaίoy thw epixeίrhshw, oi opoίew problέpontai sto prόgramma anakatάtajhw kefalaίvn kai anadiάrqrvshw poy eίxe koinopoihqeί thn epoxή ekeίnh sthn Epitropή·

d) na enarmonisqoύn oi symfvnίew metajύ toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw kai thw OA me tiw ryqmίseiw thw trίthw dέsmhw mέtrvn gia tiw aerometaforέw έvw tiw 31 Dekembrίoy 1994·

e) na mhn xorhghqoύn opoiesdήpote άllew enisxύseiw sthn OA, ypό opoiadήpote morfή, sύmfvna me tiw diatάjeiw toy koinotikoύ dikaίoy·

st) na qespistoύn pάrayta oi apaitoύmenew nomoqetikέw diatάjeiw gia thn oysiastikή efarmogή tvn misqologikώn, koinvnikώn kai xrhmatodotikώn ptyxώn toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw·

z) na gίnei apodektό όti, se perίptvsh poy to krίnei anagkaίo, h Epitropή qa probeί se epalήqeysh tvn basikώn apotelesmάtvn poy έxei to prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw kai thw efarmogήw tvn όrvn poy syndέontai me thn έgkrish tvn enisxύsevn apό kάpoion anejάrthto sύmboylo o opoίow qa epilegeί apό thn Epitropή έpeita apό synennόhsh me thn ellhnikή kybέrnhsh·

h) na ypobάlei kάqe xrόno sthn Epitropή, toylάxiston tέsseriw ebdomάdew prin katablhqeί kάqe dόsh aύjhshw kefalaίoy h opoίa έxei problefqeί sύmfvna me to prόgramma gia ton Ianoyάrio toy 1996 kai ton Ianoyάrio toy 1997 έkqesh sxetikά me thn efarmogή toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw, oύtvw ώste na doqeί sthn Epitropή h dynatόthta na diatypώsei tiw parathrήseiw thw kai na eteroxronisteί katά tέsseriw ebdomάdew h plhrvmή tvn proanaferόmenvn dόsevn, se perίptvsh poy h Epitropή zhtήsei apό kάpoion anejάrthto sύmboylo na probeί se diejodikό έlegxo thw en lόgv έkqeshw·

q) na mhn dienergήsei thn problepόmenh aύjhsh kefalaίoy poy έxei programmatisteί gia to 1995, to 1996 kai to 1997, eάn den έxoyn epiteyxqeί gia ta prohgoύmena έth oi antikeimenikoί stόxoi toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw όpvw aytoί kaqorίzontan sthn apόfash toy 1994·

i) na merimnήsei, ώste h OA na apόsxei apό thn apόkthsh meridίoy se opoiondήpote aerometaforέa toy EOX me th boήqeia thw enίsxyshw aytήw·

ia) na beltiώsei thn efarmozόmenh diadikasίa gia th nholόghsh aeroskafώn ή gia thn έkdosh toy pistopoihtikoύ aerometaforέa (AOC), prow όfelow tvn koinotikώn aerometaforέvn, idίvw mάlista prow όfelow ekeίnvn tvn aerometaforέvn, plhn thw OA, oi opoίoi diaqέtoyn άdeia leitoyrgίaw sthn Ellάda, gegonόw to opoίo synepάgetai idίvw όti den qa mesolaboύn yperbolikέw kaqysterήseiw oύte qa akoloyqoύntai stryfnέw kai adikaiolόghtew diadikasίew·

ib) na symmorfvqeί me tiw basikέw arxέw ermhneίaw sto qέma thw efarmogήw toy άrqroy 3 parάgrafow 1 toy kanonismoύ (EOK) ariq. 2408/92 kai thw allhlέndethw sxέshw metajύ thw diadikasίaw gia th xorήghsh adeiώn toy kanonismoύ (EOK) ariq. 2408/92 kai tvn ryqmίsevn tvn άllvn kanonismώn poy synapoteloύn mέrow thw trίthw dέsmhw mέtrvn kai toy kanonismoύ (EOK) ariq. 95/93·

ig) na apokrίnetai eggrάfvw, mέsa se eύlogo xronikό diάsthma, stiw aitήseiw gia th nholόghsh aeroskafώn, gia thn έkdosh pistopoihtikώn aerometaforέa ή gia th xorήghsh adeiώn ekmetάlleyshw, oi opoίew ypobάllontai apό koinotikέw aeroporikέw etaireίew kai idίvw apό άllew etaireίew, ektόw thw OA, oi opoίew diaqέtoyn άdeiew leitoyrgίaw sthn Ellάda·

id) na mhn ejartoύn thn ejάskhsh tvn dikaivmάtvn metaforάw, ta opoίa paraxvroύntai stiw άllew koinotikέw aeroporikέw etaireίew, ektόw ekeίnvn poy diaqέtoyn sxetikή άdeia leitoyrgίaw sthn Ellάda, ypό ton όro thw qέspishw eggyήsevn gia thn katanomή tvn epibatώn·

ie) na gίnei apodektή h arxή όti qa epitrέpetai kai se άllew etaireίew, plhn thw OA, na ekteloύn dromolόgia metajύ thw Ellάdaw kai kratώn poy den anήkoyn ston EOX, gegonόw poy synepάgetai thn tropopoίhsh tvn symfvniώn metajύ toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw kai thw OA kai thn anάqesh thw ekmetάlleyshw ή thn pollaplή anάqesh thw ekmetάlleyshw me bάsh ta idiάzonta ajiologikά xarakthristikά kάqe epimέroyw aίthshw,·

ist) na diasfalίzei όti h OA den qa askeί ton rόlo toy hgetikoύ parάgonta kaqorismoύ tvn timώn stiw taktikέw grammέw Aqhnώn-Stokxόlmhw kai Aqhnώn-Londίnoy katά th xronikή perίodo apό to 1994 έvw kai to 1997·

iz) na katabάlei mέrimna, ώste na ekpneύsei stiw 30 Ioynίoy 1998 h isxύw thw apallagήw apό thn efarmogή toy kanonismoύ (EOK) ariq. 2408/92, eyergetikήw apallagήw apό thn opoίa eίxan epvfelhqeί oi aerolimέnew tvn ellhnikώn nήsvn, sύmfvna me όsa orίzontan sto άrqro 1 parάgrafow 4 toy en lόgv kanonismoύ, gegonόw poy synepagόtan thn katάrghsh, to argόtero mέxri thn hmeromhnίa ekeίnh, toy apokleistikoύ dikaiώmatow ekmetάlleyshw poy eίxe paraxvrhqeί sthn OA gia thn ektέlesh dromologίvn taktikώn grammώn prow tiw nήsoyw aytέw·

ih) na symmorfvqeί me ton orismό tvn mh programmatizόmenvn taktikώn aeroporikώn grammώn, όpvw aytόw synάgetai έmmesa apό tiw diatάjeiw toy kanonismoύ (EOK) ariq. 2408/92 kai na mhn epibάlei idίvw opoiondήpote periorismό stiw mh programmatizόmenew taktikέw grammέw·

iq) na ejasfalίzei, kaqόlh th xronikή diάrkeia isxύow to progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw, όti o ariqmόw tvn prosferόmenvn apό thn OA qέsevn stiw programmatizόmenew taktikέw ptήseiw entόw tvn orίvn toy EOX, symperilambanomέnvn tvn prόsqetvn kai epoxiakώn ptήsevn, ejairoymέnvn όmvw tvn esvterikώn ptήsevn prow tiw ellhnikέw nήsoyw, den qa eίnai anώterow apό ton ariqmό tvn qέsevn poy prosέfere h OA sthn agorά toy EOX katά to 1993·

k) na frontίzei, ώste oi enapomέnoysew eggyήseiw daneίvn oi opoίew έxoyn xorhghqeί sthn OA kaqώw kai oi nέew eggyήseiw oi opoίew prόkeitai na xorhghqoύn prin apό tiw 31 Dekembrίoy 1997, synolikoύ ύcoyw 378 ekatommyrίvn dolάria HPA, oi opoίew problέpontan rhtά sto prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw, na plhroύn toyw όroyw poy kaqorίzontai sthn epistolή thw 5hw Aprilíoy 1989 thn opoίa eίxe apeyqύnei h Epitropή sta krάth mέlh·

ka) na mhn diathrhqeί se isxύ, sύmfvna me to άrqro 5 toy kanonismoύ (EOK) ariq. 2408/92, kamίa apokleistikή άdeia ekmetάlleyshw prow όfelow thw OA stiw esvterikέw programmatizόmenew taktikέw ptήseiw thw hpeirvtikήw Ellάdaw, oi opoίew den gίnontan prin apό thn 1h Ianoyarίoy 1993 ή oi opoίew den ektelέsthkan synexώw apό thn OA apό thn hmeromhnίa ekeίnh kai metά.

8. Vstόso, lambάnontaw ypόch to gegonόw όti diάforoi apό toyw όroyw poy synόdeyan thn en lόgv apόfash den eίxan thrhqeί, h Epitropή apofάsise stiw 30 Aprilίoy 1996(5) na kinήsei ek nέoy th diadikasίa toy (prώhn) άrqroy 93 parάgrafow 2 thw synqήkhw kai na egkainiάsei th diadikasίa όson aforά tiw nέew kai mh koinopoihmέnew enisxύseiw sxetikά me tiw opoίew eίxe enhmervqeί.

9. Oi amfibolίew poy ejέfrase h Epitropή aforoύsan idίvw ta akóloyqa shmeίa:

1. Th dέsmeysh poy eίxe analάbei h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh na mhn parembaίnei sto έrgo thw diaxeίrishw thw OA sto mέllon, pέran toy aysthroύ orίoy toy rόloy poy diadramάtize vw mέtoxow: o skopόw poy epidivkόtan den ήtan na idivtikopoihqeί h OA, allά na metatrapeί toylάxiston se epixeίrhsh h diaxeίrish thw opoίaw qa akoloyqoύse akribώw tiw ίdiew arxέw me th diaxeίrish kάpoiaw idivtikήw etaireίaw. Vstόso, όpvw diafainόtan ήdh thn epoxή ekeίnh, oi parembάseiw poy askoύse h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh sto έrgo thw diaxeίrishw thw OA, eίte apeyqeίaw, eίte mέsv toy dioikhtikoύ symboylίoy, idίvw sto qέma tvn proslήcevn prosvpikoύ kai thw epilogήw tvn Dieyqyntώn gia tiw qygatrikέw epixeirήseiw, oi άskopew metabolέw sth sύnqesh tvn melώn toy dioikhtikoύ symboylίoy, h diatήrhsh se isxύ tvn diadikasiώn toy dhmosίoy dikaίoy gia thn prόslhch tvn melώn toy prosvpikoύ kai th qέspish tvn kanonistikώn diatάjevn toy kanonismoύ yphresiakήw katάstashw, allά kai h synexizόmenh embέleia tvn nomoqetikώn diatάjevn poy aforoύsan eidikά thn OA, idίvw sto qέma thw rύqmishw tvn koinvnikώn zhthmάtvn stoixeioqetoύsan to arnhtikό kaqestώw thw ejάrthshw thw OA apό to ellhnikό krάtow, prάgma poy diakύbeye tiw piqanόthtew epibίvshw thw etaireίaw ypό tiw synqήkew thw aporyqmismέnhw eniaίaw agorάw.

2. Th dέsmeysh poy eίxe analάbei h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh na mhn xorhgήsei opoiesdήpote άllew enisxύseiw: όpvw proέkyce tόte apό ta stoixeίa, h dέsmeysh aytή eίxe aqethqeί me dyo trόpoyw. Prώta ap' όla, h OA eίxe apallageί apό th forologίa ή apό ta kratikά tέlh gia ta έth 1995, 1996 kai 1997 kaqώw kai apό kάqe άllo fόro kai loipέw dapάnew se syndyasmό me thn eggύhsh tvn daneίvn. Katά deύtero lόgo, όpvw orizόtan se efarmogή orismέnvn diatάjevn toy ellhnikoύ nόmoy ariq. 2271/94, to krάtow qa epvmizόtan thn άmesh eyqύnh gia ta έjoda thw strativtikήw qhteίaw me ta opoίa qa epibarynόtan ypό omalέw synqήkew h ίdia h etaireίa. Ta posά aytά synolikoύ ύcoyw 11 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn synistoύsan kratikή enίsxysh. Ap' ό,ti fainόtan epίshw, h OA ejakoloyqoύse na mhn plhrώnei ta tέlh prosgeίvshw kai stάqmeyshw apό to 1994, epoxή poy koinopoiήqhke h apόfash sthn Ellάda.

3. Όpvw fainόtan, h dέsmeysh poy eίxe analάbei h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh na enarmonίsei tiw symfvnίew me thn OA me tiw diatάjeiw thw trίthw dέsmhw mέtrvn, den eίxe thrhqeί, efόson h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh eίxe adikaiolόghta kaqysterήsei na katargήsei to apokleistikό dikaίvma poy diέqete h OA na ekteleί esvterikέw ptήseiw entόw tvn orίvn thw hpeirvtikήw Ellάdaw.

4. H dέsmeysh thw ellhnikήw kybέrnhshw na paraxvrήsei sthn OA to forologikό kaqestώw thw anώnymhw etaireίaw, sygkrίsimo me to anάlogo kaqestώw apό to opoίo diέpontai oi ellhnikέw etaireίew bάsei tvn oikeίvn (etairikώn) ryqmίsevn thw koinήw nomoqesίaw den gίnontan sebastέw, ap' ό,ti fainόtan, efόson me poikίlew diatάjeiw toy ellhnikoύ nόmoy ariq. 2271/94 h OA apallassόtan en gέnei apό th forologίa, sto mέtro poy oi ryqmίseiw aytέw syndέontan me thn anadiorgάnvsh thw diάrqrvshw toy isologismoύ thw OA. Kaqώw to mέtro aytό kάlypte tόso th metatropή tvn xreώn, όso kai tiw diάforew eisforέw kefalaίvn poy den askoύsan kanέnan antίktypo sth forologίa tvn epixeirήsevn, h embέleiά toy ήtan ypέrmetrh kai yperakόntize se megάlo baqmό tiw ryqmίseiw thw apόfashw toy 1994.

5. Όpvw fainόtan, h dέsmeysh poy eίxe analάbei h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh na kάnei apodektό ton όro na epitrέpetai kai se άllew aeroporikέw etaireίew ektόw thw OA na ekteloύn ptήseiw prow xώrew ektόw toy EOX den ginόtan sebastόw, efόson ejakoloyqoύse na mhn έxei ekdoqeί kamίa nomoqetikή diάtajh poy έqete pέraw sta apokleistikά dikaiώmata thw OA stiw grammέw aytέw.

10. H Epitropή enέkrine stiw 14 Aygoύstoy 1998 sxetikή apόfash(6) (h opoίa kaleίtai sto ejήw 'h apόfash toy 1998'), bάsei thw opoίaw oi enisxύseiw oi opoίew eίxan xorhghqeί ή oi opoίew eprόkeito na xorhghqoύn apό thn Ellάda sthn OA ήtan symbibάsimew me thn koinή agorά kai me th symfvnίa gia ton Eyrvpaϊkό Oikonomikό Xώro (h opoίa kaleίtai sto ejήw 'h symfvnίa'), όpvw kaqorizόtan apό tiw diatάjeiw toy prώhn άrqroy 92 parάgrafow 3 shmeίo g) thw synqήkhw kai toy άrqroy 61 parάgrafow 3 shmeίo g) thw symfvnίaw.

H enίsxysh perilάmbane:

a) tiw eggyήseiw daneίvn poy eίxan parasxeqeί mέxri th stigmή ekeίnh sthn etaireίa, dynάmei toy άrqroy 6 toy ellhnikoύ nόmoy ariq. 96/75 thw 26hw Ioynίoy 1975·

b) tiw nέew eggyήseiw daneίvn synolikoύ ύcoyw 378 ekatommyrίvn dolarίvn HPA gia ta dάneia poy eprόkeito na synafqoύn prin apό tiw 31 Dekembrίoy 1997, gia thn agorά nέvn aeroskafώn·

g) th meίvsh tvn barώn thw epixeίrhshw apό ta xrέh katά 427 disekatommύria draxmέw·

d) th metatropή xrέoyw thw epixeίrhshw synolikoύ ύcoyw 64 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn se metoxikό kefάlaio·

e) thn eisforά kefalaίvn ύcoyw 54 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn, posό poy meiώqhke se 40,8 disekatommύria draxmέw, se treiw dόseiw oi opoίew anέrxontan antistoίxvw, se 19, se 14 kai se 7,8 disekatommύria draxmέw, gia ta έth 1995, 1998 kai 1999, antistoίxvw.

11. Ta mέtra enίsxyshw poy egkrίqhkan apό thn apόfash toy 1998 synodeύontan apό to (anaqevrhmέno) prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw (to opoίo kaleίtai sto ejήw 'to prόgramma'). To prόgramma aytό ypoblήqhke sthn Epitropή me tiw epistolέw thw 3hw kai thw 6hw Ioylίoy 1998 kai aforoύse th xronikή perίodo 1998-2002. Όpvw ήtan profanέw, to en lόgv prόgramma synistoύse basikό stoixeίo thw apόfashw me thn opoίa egkrinόtan h xorήghsh tvn enisxύsevn.

Όpvw problepόtan sto arxikό prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw, qa beltivnόtan h diaxeίrish sto epίpedo thw kerdofόroy apόdoshw kai tvn eisprάjevn, qa meivnόtan to kόstow leitoyrgίaw me th dienέrgeia tvn organvtikώn mέtrvn anadiάrqrvshw kai metabolήw tvn όrvn ergasίaw (me to pάgvma tvn misqώn, th meίvsh tvn epidomάtvn, ton periorismό tvn ypervriώn gia to mόnimo prosvpikό, th meίvsh toy ariqmoύ toy epoxiakoύ prosvpikoύ), allά kai me thn allagή tvn hgetikώn stelexώn.

Ektόw apό ta arxikά mέtra, sto anaqevrhmέno prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw problepόtan h lήch prόsqetvn mέtrvn, me stόxo thn anadiorgάnvsh thw ypodomήw kόstoyw thw epixeίrhshw, th beltίvsh thw kerdofόroy apόdoshw me thn kaqiέrvsh politikώn kai programmάtvn diaxeίrishw thw apόdoshw, thn anadiorgάnvsh se όla ta epίpeda thw etaireίaw kai thn pragmatopoίhsh ependύsevn gia thn apόkthsh aeroskafώn, th metegkatάstash sto DAA kai thn ektέlesh prόsqetvn έrgvn ypodomήw ta opoίa qa gίnontan xvrίw na antlhqoύn nέoi kefalaioyxikoί pόroi apό ton mέtoxo.

H ylopoίhsh toy anaqevrhmέnoy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw kai h epίteyjh tvn xrhmatooikonomikώn problέcevn basίzontan se sygkekrimέnoyw deίktew, stoyw opoίoyw gίnontan oi akόloyqew problέceiw:

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Ta proanaferόmena stoixeίa basίzontan idiaίtera sthn paradoxή όti ta έsoda apό tiw aeroporikέw drasthriόthtew qa ayjάnontan katά 25,5 % sth synolikή xronikή diάrkeia efarmogήw toy progrάmmatow (apό 269 disekatommύria draxmέw, to 1998, se 337,6 disekatommύria draxmέw, to 2002), enώ ta έsoda apό tiw yphresίew epίgeiaw ejyphrέthshw problepόtan όti qa meivqoύn katά 28,2 % (apό 46,5 disekatommύria draxmέw, to 1998, se 33,3 disekatommύria draxmέw, to 2002), synepeίa thw apeleyqέrvshw thw proanaferόmenhw drasthriόthtaw. Ta apotelέsmata leitoyrgikήw ekmetάlleyshw anamenόtan na ayjhqoύn se 21,2 disekatommύria draxmέw, to 1999. Sth synέxeia qa meivnόtan se 1,6 disekatommύria draxmέw to 2001, gia na staqeropoihqoύn stiw 8,4 disekatommύria draxmέw, to 2002, synepeίa tvn shmantikώn ependύsevn poy qa pragmatopoioύse h OA gia th metakίnhsή thw sta Spάta kai thn ananέvsh tvn aeroskafώn toy stόloy (ayjhmέna έjoda xrhmatooikonomikήw leitoyrgίaw kai mίsqvshw thw leitoyrgikήw ekmetάlleyshw, dapάnew gia tόkoyw kai έjoda apόsbeshw). Allά kai ta kέrdh poy qa shmeivqoύn prin apό toyw fόroyw qa akoloyqoύsan vw ek toύtoy tiw ίdiew tάseiw, enώ qa parέmenan qetikά kaqόlh th diάrkeia toy anaqevrhmέnoy progrάmmatow.

12. H enίsxysh h xorήghsh thw opoίaw egkrίqhke me thn apόfash toy 1998 teloύse ypό ton όro thw tήrhshw tvn tessάrvn όrvn poy symperilambάnontan sto άrqro 1 thw en lόgv apόfashw. Oi όroi aytoί ήtan oi akóloyqoi:

- me ton prώto apό toyw proanaferόmenoyw όroyw ensvmatώqhkan sthn apόfash toy 1998 oi eikosimίa desmeύseiw poy eίxan analάbei oi ellhnikέw arxέw bάsei thw apόfashw toy 1994,

- h ίdia h Ellάda desmeύthke na ejasfalίsei όti h OA den qa yioqetήsei hgemonikή symperiforά όson aforά ton kaqorismό tvn timώn stiw taktikέw grammέw Aqhnώn - Stokxόlmhw kai Aqhnώn - Londίnoy katά to xronikό diάsthma apό to 1998 έvw kai to 2002,

- h ίdia h Ellάda desmeύthke na ejasfalίsei όti mέxri kai to 2002, o ariqmόw qέsevn poy prosfέrei h OA stiw taktikέw grammέw ston EOX, symperilambanomέnvn tvn prόsqetvn kai epoxiakώn ptήsevn kai tvn yphresiώn metajύ thw hpeirvtikήw Ellάdaw kai tvn ellhnikώn nhsiώn, den qa yperbaίnei ton ariqmό qέsevn poy prosέfere h OA sthn agorά toy EOX to 1997 (7792243 qέseiw), lambanomέnhw vstόso ypόch miaw piqanήw aύjhshw, analogikήw me th megέqynsh thw oikeίaw agorάw.

- h Ellάda aytodesmeύthke na ejasfalίsei όti thn 1h Dekembrίoy 1998, h OA qa έxei efarmόsei έna plήrvw leitoyrgikό kai katάllhlo Sύsthma Diaxeίrishw Plhroforiώn. Thn 1h Dekembrίoy 1998 h Ellάda qa ypobάlei sxetikή έkqesh anaforikά me to qέma aytό sthn Epitropή.

13. Όpvw ejάlloy orizόtan sthn apόfash, h katabolή thw dόshw ύcoyw 7,8 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn teloύse ypό thn proϋpόqesh thw symmόrfvshw me όloyw toyw epiballόmenoyw όroyw, gia na ejasfalisteί o symbibάsimow xaraktήraw thw enίsxyshw me thn koinή agorά kai h oysiastikή ylopoίhsh toy anaqevrhmέnoy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw kai h epίteyjh tvn prosdokώmenvn apotelesmάtvn, idίvw όson aforά toyw syntelestέw toy kόstoyw kai thw paragvgikόthtaw poy kaqorίzontan sthn en lόgv apόfash.

14. Epίshw, gia na lhfqeί ypόch to gegonόw όti h isxύw toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw, to opoίo eίxe anaqevrhqeί katά th diάrkeia thw diejodikήw έreynaw poy akoloύqhse thn ek nέoy kίnhsh thw diadikasίaw to 1996, paratάqhke kai metά to 1997 allά kai gia na synypologisqeί to gegonόw όti skopόw toy progrάmmatow aytoύ ήtan na doqeί sthn OA h eykairίa na epitύxei th bivsimόthtά thw έvw to 2000, h Epitropή eίxe apaitήsei thn anάlhch peraitέrv desmeύsevn gia na katoxyrvqeί sthn oysίa o symbibάsimow xaraktήraw thw enίsxyshw me thn koinή agorά.

15. Synepώw, sύmfvna me toyw όroyw poy problέpontan sthn apόfash toy 1998, h Ellάda eίxe thn ypoxrέvsh na ypobάlei sxetikή έkqesh sthn Epitropή anaforikά me tiw akóloyqew periptώseiw:

- toylάxiston 10 ebdomάdew prin apό thn katabolή thw programmatismέnhw gia tiw 15 Ioynίoy 1999 promnhmoneyqeίsaw deύterhw dόshw kai

- sta tέlh tvn mhnώn Oktvbrίoy 1999, Martίoy 2000 kai Oktvbrίoy 2000.

H Epitropή den έxei lάbei mέxri sήmera kamίa έkqesh gia to έtow 2000.

16. Oi ekqέseiw qa aforoύsan thn tήrhsh όlvn tvn epiballόmenvn όrvn, oύtvw ώste na diasfalisteί o symbibάsimow xaraktήraw thw enίsxyshw kai h ylopoίhsh toy anaqevrhmέnoy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw kai na syntelesteί h epίteyjh tvn programmatizόmenvn apotelesmάtvn. Katά synέpeia, h katabolή thw en lόgv dόshw den eprόkeito na apeleyqervqeί eάn den eίxan thrhqeί oi epiballόmenoi όroi ή/kai den eίxan epiteyxqeί oi stόxoi toy anaqevrhmέnoy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw.

17. H tήrhsh tvn proanaferόmenvn όrvn eίxe vw stόxo na ejasfalisteί o symbibάsimow xaraktήraw thw en lόgv enίsxyshw me thn koinή agorά me thn έnnoia tvn diatάjevn toy άrqroy 87 parάgrafow 3 stoixeίo g) thw synqήkhw kai toy άrqroy 61 parάgrafow 3 stoixeίo g) thw symfvnίaw, me bάsh to kritήrio όti to prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw qa eίnai diafanέw, eύkola epalhqeύsimo kai όti qa katoxyrώnetai όti me thn efarmogή den prόkeitai na ephreastoύn dysmenώw oi όroi tvn synallagώn se baqmό o opoίow antίkeitai sto koinό symfέron. H Epitropή diereύnhse eάn eίxan thrhqeί όlew oi desmeύseiw poy eίxe analάbei h Ellάda to 1994 kai an h en lόgv ejέtash synistoύse mέrow progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw stόxow toy opoίoy ήtan h apokatάstash thw bivsimόthtaw thw OA mέsa se eύlogo xronikό diάsthma, akribώw όpvw prodiagrafόtan sto analytikό prόgramma efarmogήw.

2.2. Xrhsimopoίhsh tvn enisxύsevn apό thn OA gia th metegkatάstasή thw ston DAA

18. H Ellάda enhmέrvse thn Epitropή me thn epistolή thw 7hw Ioylίoy 1999 όti έpeita apό thn oloklήrvsh thw diadikasίaw dieqnoύw prokήryjhw prow ypobolή prosforώn poy eίxe diejaxqeί me frontίda toy oίkoy Salomon Smith Barney kai thw trάpezaw ETEBA, h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh eίxe katalήjei sthn apόfash na anaqέsei th diaxeίrish thw OA sthn etaireίa Speedwing International Limited (h opoίa sto ejήw kaleίtai 'Speedwing'), epixeίrhsh symboύlvn se aeroporikά zhtήmata poy elegxόtan apό thn British Airways. Sth Speedwing anatέqhke h apostolή diaxeίrishw thw etaireίaw, epejergasίaw toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw gia thn OA kai ejasfάlishw thw makroprόqesmhw bivsimόthtaw thw etaireίaw. To prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw poy ejepόnhse h Speedwing diabibάsthke sthn Epitropή stiw 19 Noembrίoy 1999. Vstόso, lambanomέnoy ypόch toy stoixeίoy όti h efarmogή toy en lόgv progrάmmatow den apodeίxqhke epityxήw, h Speedwing egkatέleice thn OA ton Ioύnio toy 2000.

19. Prokatalambάnontaw thn poreίa ejέlijhw tvn diadikasiώn idivtikopoίhshw thw OA (h apόfash gia thn kίnhsh aytήw thw diadikasίaw egkrίqhke stiw 13 Dekembrίoy 1999), oi ellhnikέw arxέw enhmέrvsan thn Epitropή me tiw epistolέw toyw thw 17hw kai thw 27hw Dekembrίoy 1999 όti eίxan katalήjei sthn apόfash na zhtήsoyn thn anastolή thw ejέtashw katabolήw thw dόshw ύcoyw 7,8 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn. H katabolή thw en lόgv dόshw eίxe arxikά problefqeί gia tiw 15 Ioynίoy 1999, έpeita apό thn ypobolή sthn Epitropή sxetikήw έkqeshw gia thn efarmogή toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw déka ebdomάdew prin apό thn parέleysh thw hmeromhnίaw aytήw, όpvw ejhgήqhke prohgoymέnvw (sto shmeίo 10). H dόsh aytή den έxei katablhqeί mέxri sήmera kai den zhtήqhke apό thn Epitropή na diereynήsei thn antίstoixh katabolή.

20. H ellhnikή kybέrnhsh koinopoίhse sthn Epitropή me thn epistolή thw thw 17hw Ioylίoy 2000 thn prόqesή thw na ekmetalleyqeί thn enapomέnoysa egkekrimέnh enίsxysh gia tiw eggyήseiw tvn daneίvn poy eprόkeito na synafqoύn prin apό ta tέlh toy 2000 gia th metegkatάstash thw OA apό to aerodrόmio toy Ellhnikoύ ston nέo Dieqnή Aerolimέna Aqhnώn sta Spάta, kaqώw kai gia thn epέktash thw xronikήw proqesmίaw gia tiw eggyήseiw tvn daneίvn έvw tiw 31 Martίoy 2001. Έvw ekeίnh th xronikή stigmή, to ellhnikό krάtow eίxe ekdώsei eggyήseiw daneίvn synolikoύ ύcoyw 201,6 ekatommyrίvn dolarίvn HPA gia thn agorά tessάrvn aeroskafώn Airbus 340. H Epitropή enhmέrvse tiw ellhnikέw arxέw, me thn epistolή thw thw 10hw Noembrίoy 2000 [SG(2000) D/108307], sxetikά me thn apόfasή thw na tropopoiήsei to άrqro 1 parάgrafow 1 shmeίo i) thw apόfashw toy 1998 se synάrthsh me ta mέtra xorήghshw enisxύsevn gia tiw eggyήseiw tvn daneίvn synolikoύ ύcoyw 378 ekatommyrίvn dolarίvn HPA.

Synepeía thw proanaferómenhw tropopoíhshw, to en lógv métro enisxύsevn synapartizótan apó:

- nέew eggyήseiw daneίvn ύcoyw 378 ekatommyrίvn dolarίvn HPA gia ta dάneia poy eprόkeito na synafqoύn prin apό tiw 31 Dekembrίoy 2000 gia thn agorά nέvn aeroskafώn kai gia thn pragmatopoίhsh tvn apaitoύmenvn ependύsevn gia th metegkatάstash thw Olympiakήw Aeroporίaw sto nέo aerolimέna sta Spάta. Oi en lόgv eggyήseiw daneίvn mporoύsan na ekdoqoύn έvw tiw 31 Martίoy 2001.

2.3. H oikonomikή kai xrhmatodotikή poreίa ejέlijhw thw OA apό to 1998

21. H Epitropή qa ήqele na ypenqymίsei όti sthn apόfasή thw toy 1998 eίxe katalήjei sto sympέrasma, lambάnontaw ypόch thw tiw apaitoύmenew programmatismέnew ependύseiw synolikoύ ύcoyw 346 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (1,02 disekatommύria eyrώ) gia na ejasfalisteί h bivsimόthta thw OA sto mέllon kai h ypoxrevtikή metakίnhsή thw apό to Ellhnikό sto DAA to 2001, όti h mh egkekrimέnh enίsxysh ύcoyw 13,2 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn, h eisforά kefalaίvn ύcoyw 21,8 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn kai oi kratikέw eggyήseiw ύcoyw 120 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (378 ekatommύria dolάria HPA) ήtan anagkaίew gia na kaqhlvqeί to kόstow thw xrhmatodόthshw se ypofertά epίpeda έvw to 2002.

22. Me dedomέna όla aytά ta stoixeίa, h OA enefάnise gia to 1998 kύklo ergasiώn 269,5 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (790,9 ekatommύria eyrώ) kai arnhtikά apotelέsmata leitoyrgikήw ekmetάlleyshw, ta opoίa anέrxontan sto posό tvn 11,7 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (34,3 ekatommύria eyrώ), th stigmή poy sύmfvna me tiw problέceiw qa proέkyptan qetikά apotelέsmata ύcoyw 14,6 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (42,8 ekatommύria eyrώ). To kaqarό qetikό apotέlesma anήlqe, apό thn pleyrά toy, se 1,6 disekatommύria draxmέw (4,69 ekatommύria eyrώ), se antidiastolή me to prodiagrafόmeno qetikό apotέlesma ύcoyw 5,1 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (14,9 ekatommύria eyrώ).

H katάstash epideinώqhke peraitέrv katά th diάrkeia toy 1999. O isologismόw kai oi logariasmoί kerdώn kai zhmiώn gia to 1999 dhmosieύqhkan mόliw stiw 28 Dekembrίoy 2001. Sύmfvna me ta stoixeίa, gia to έtow 1990 antί tvn ektimώmenvn kaqarώn apotelesmάtvn ύcoyw 21 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (perίpoy 63 ekatommύria eyrώ) kai toy prodiagrafόmenoy kύkloy ergasiώn ύcoyw 329 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (965 ekatommύria eyrώ), oi kaqarέw apώleiew thw OA anήlqan sto posό tvn 26 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (perίpoy 78 ekatommύria eyrώ) epί synolikoύ kύkloy ergasiώn 273,6 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (802,9 ekatommύria eyrώ). Oi syssvreymέnew apώleiew (apό ta prohgoύmena έth) anήlqan taytόxrona sto posό tvn 89,65 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (263 ekatommύria eyrώ).

23. H ellhnikή kybέrnhsh ypέbale ton Mάio toy 1999 sthn Epitropή έkqesh sxetikά me thn efarmogή toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw thw OA kai th symplήrvse me thn aitiologikή έkqesh poy ypέbale ton Ioύnio toy 1999. H έkqesh aytή ejetάsthke diejodikά apό έnan anejάrthto empeirognώmona (Deloitte & Touche) sύmfvna me tiw diatάjeiw thw apόfashw toy 1998 [άrqro 1 shmeίo a) thw en lόgv apόfashw kai άrqro 1, dέsmeysh h) thw apόfashw toy 1994].

H έkqesh (tvn Deloitte & Touche) basizόtan stoyw [...] isologismoύw toy [...], stiw ektimήseiw tvn orgάnvn diaxeίrishw gia to [...] kai stiw problέceiw toy proϋpologismoύ gia to έtow [...]. Όpvw tonizόtan idίvw sthn έkqesh, oi ellipeίw epidόseiw toy progrάmmatow apό thn OA thn epoxή ekeίnh antikatoptrίzontan kyrίvw sto skέlow esόdvn tvn drasthriotήtvn thw kai όti h basikή aitίa gia thn epideίnvsh thw apόdoshw thw OA se sύgkrish me ta stoixeίa toy progrάmmatow ofeilόtan sto megalύtero ύcow tvn promhqeiώn gia toyw prάktorew kai tvn parexomέnvn ekptώsevn apό tiw anamenόmenew. Parά to όti oi syntelestέw plhrόthtaw den parejέklinan apό to prόgramma, h έkqesh anέfere όti aytό eίxe epiteyxqeί se bάrow thw apόdoshw. To stoixeίo aytό syndyazόtan me tiw mάllon penixrέw synqήkew leitoyrgikήw ekmetάlleyshw, poy xarakthrίzontan apό thn έlleich akribeίaw, thn aύjhsh thw hlikίaw tvn aeroskafώn kai thn epikremάmenh apeilή tvn apergiώn kai thw synakόloyqhw akύrvshw ptήsevn.

Όpvw proέkypte sthn έkqesh apό thn anάlysh tvn paraleίcevn sthn poreίa efarmogήw toy progrάmmatow, ta stoixeίa den epέtrepan sthn Epitropή na katalήjei se qetikή apόfash gia thn eleyqέrvsh thw teleytaίaw dόshw. h anάlysh thw έkqeshw apό thn pleyrά thw Epitropήw diabibάsthke stiw ellhnikέw arxέw me tiw epistolέw thw 12hw, thw 19hw Maΐoy kai thw 27hw Ioylίoy 1999. H Epitropή kάlese thn ellhnikή kybέrnhsh na ypobάlei to enhmervmέno prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw gia thn OA, to opoίo qa epejergazόtan h Speedwing, oi nέoi diaxeiristέw thw OA, to opoίo qa ejetazόtan sth synέxeia apό thn Epitropή, gia na ejetasteί katά pόson ήtan dynatό na syndeqeί me thn eisforά kefalaίvn ύcoyw 7,8 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn.

24. Όpvw έgine apodektό apό tiw ellhnikέw arxέw me thn epistolή toyw poy aphύqynan sthn Epitropή stiw 26 Aygoύstoy 1999, xreiazόtan peraitέrv na anaqevrhqeί h efarmogή toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw gia to xronikό diάsthma 1998-2002 gia na thrhqoύn ta programmatizόmena apotelέsmata kai na parasxeqeί sthn Epitropή h eyxέreia na ejetάsei thn ektamίeysh thw dόshw ύcoyw 7,8 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (22,8 ekatommύria eyrώ).

25. H ellhnikή kybέrnhsh ypέbale ton Noέmbrio toy 1999 to nέo prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw thw OA me bάsh to epixeirhsiakό sxέdio poy eίxe proetoimάsei h Speedwing. H Deloitte & Touche ejέtase to sxέdio kai diatύpvse gia άllh mia forά anhsyxίa sxetikά me orismέnew ptyxέw toy. To telikό sxέdio thw έkqeshw tvn Deloitte & Touche diabibάsthke me thn epistolή thw 20ήw Martίoy 2000 stiw ellhnikέw arxέw. H Epitropή diatύpvse sthn epistolή thw aytή tiw anhsyxίew thw sxetikά me thn apotyxίa ekplήrvshw toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw, sύmfvna me όsa qespίzontan sthn apόfash toy 1998. H Speedwing amfisbήthse ta porίsmata toy sxedίoy έkqeshw thw Deloitte & Touche. Sthn epistolή toyw me hmeromhnίa 29 Aygoύstoy 2000 poy diabίbasan sthn Epitropή, oi ellhnikέw arxέw mnhmόneyan όti h OA den diέqete mέxri thn hmeromhnίa ekeίnh kanέna epίshmo apotέlesma gia to έtow 1999 kai epanέlaban th qέsh poy eίxan ekfrάsei kai palaiόtera όti ejakoloyqoύse na teleί se ekkremόthta h teleytaίa dόsh eisforάw kefalaίvn. Oi ellhnikέw arxέw zήthsan apό thn Epitropή na apόsxoyn apό thn έkdosh apόfashw anaforikά me to qέma aytό.

26. Όson aforά thn peraitέrv poreίa ejέlijhw thw xrhmatodotikήw katάstashw thw OA (kai tvn qygatrikώn etaireiώn thw OA), to fqinόpvro toy 2000 h OA zήthse apό thn etaireίa PriceWaterhouseCoopers (PWC) na syntάjei anakefalaivtikή έkqesh gia to mh elegmέno prosxέdio enopoihmέnoy etairikoύ isologismoύ me bάsh ta stoixeίa thw 31hw Dekembrίoy 1999. Kat' efarmogή tvn diatάjevn toy nόmoy ariq. 2271/94 όpvw eίxe tropopoihqeί apό to nόmo ariq. 2465/97 (άrqro 14), o fόrow etairikώn drasthriotήtvn eίnai katablhtέow apό thn OA kai th qygatrikή thw etaireίa Olympiakή Aeroploΐa epί tvn forologhtέvn kerdώn apό to έtow 1994 kai metά. Όpvw vstόso prokύptei apό thn en lόgv έkqesh, oi forologikέw arxέw den έxoyn probeί se έlegxo tvn logistikώn biblίvn kai stoixeίvn tvn etaireiώn poy sygkrotoύn thn OA kai thw Olympiakήw Aeroploΐaw epί seirά etώn [...].

Ekeίno poy ajίzei na shmeivqeί eίnai όti o FPA den katabάlletai me bάsh ta trέxonta έsoda, allά me bάsh tiw problέceiw kai tiw ektimήseiw kai όti den gίnetai kamίa parakrάthsh fόrvn ή katabolή toyw prow tiw forologikέw arxέw gia yphresίew poy parέxontai se dieqnή klίmaka. Ejάlloy, όpvw prokύptei apό thn έkqesh, oi ypoxrevtikέw dhmosionomikέw katastάseiw toy έtoyw 1999 gia thn OA kai thn Olympiakή Aeroploΐa den eίxan egkriqeί thn epoxή ekeίnh (Dekέmbriow 2000) apό tiw antίstoixew genikέw syneleύseiw tvn metόxvn. Orismέna zhtήmata entopizόtan όti apoteloύsan qematikoύw tomeίw me piqanό antίktypo gia to metoxikό kefάlaio.

- h mίsqvsh tvn aeroskafώn: gia όla ta aeroskάfh poy misqώnontai apό thn OA, h sxetikή prάjh emfanίzetai vw diaxeiristikή mίsqvsh (me bάsh ta ellhnikά logistikά prόtypa) th stigmή poy έna mέrow tvn misqώsevn aytώn prέpei na emfanίzetai ypό th morfή tvn xrhmatodotikώn misqώsevn, me bάsh ta dieqnή logistikά prόtypa (IAS). O kaqarόw antίktypow gia toyw enopoihmέnoyw isologismoύw apό tiw xrhmatodotikέw misqώseiw ektimάtai sto posό tvn [...],

- oi ofeilέtew: h OA den έxei synάcei kanέnan symbibasmό me thn pleiochfίa tvn synallassomέnvn ofeiletώn (praktόrvn) oi ofeilέw tvn opoίvn anέrxontai sto posό [...] [...]. Kaqώw ypάrxoyn adynamίew stoyw dienergoύmenoyw elέgxoyw toy systήmatow esόdvn, sύmfvna me thn PWC, ta posά endέxetai mάlista na eίnai parapoihmέna,

- oi trάpezew kai ta metrhtά: den dienergoύntai taktikά trapezikoί symchfismoί metajύ toy ypoloίpoy tvn apaitήsevn όpvw aytέw paratίqentai sta logistikά stoixeίa thw OA kai tvn antίstoixvn ajiώsevn tvn trapezώn. Katά th xronikή stigmή sύntajhw thw έkqeshw, ypήrxan anepίlytew diaforέw anaforikά me ta έth [...], oi opoίew endέxetai na έxoyn shmantikό antίktypo sthn akrίbeia tvn stoixeίvn gia toyw synallassόmenoyw ofeilέtew kai pistvtέw,

- oi promhqeytέw: to megalύtero mέrow toy ypoloίpoy stoyw isologismoύw thw OA den έxei symchfisteί me toyw promhqeytέw thw. Oi diaforέw anέrxontai sto posό [...] [...],

- ta problήmata enopoίhshw tvn logariasmώn: oi enopoihmέnew katastάseiw logariasmώn toy omίloy den katartίzontai se etήsia bάsh. Den ypάrxoyn diadikasίew poy dieykolύnoyn th systhmatikή syllogή stoixeίvn. Den dienergeίtai periodikά kanέnaw symchfismόw se endoetairikή bάsh metajύ tvn etaireiώn poy anήkoyn ston όmilo. Synέpeia aytoύ eίnai na prokύptoyn pollέw diaforέw oi opoίew ekkremoύn epί megάlo ariqmό etώn. Aytό faίnetai na έxei idiάzoysa barύthta gia toyw endoetairikoύw isologismoύw thw OA kai thw Olympiakήw Aeroploΐaw. [...]

27. Ejάlloy, oi epixeirhsiakoί deίktew poy katartίsthkan sta tέlh toy 2000 me bάsh toyw elegmέnoyw kai anejέlegktoyw logariasmoύw έxoyn vw ejήw:

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28. Sth synέnteyjή toy poy έdvse ejάlloy stiw 7 Aygoύstoy 2000 sthn ellhnikή efhmerίda 'Ta Nέa' o k. Berelήw, o έllhnaw ypoyrgόw metaforώn, anέfere όti h xrhmatooikonomikή katάstash thw OA ήtan deinή. Sύmfvna me ton k. Berelή ta xrέh thw etaireίaw yperέbainan to posό tvn 40 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (117,38 ekatommύria eyrώ), to epόmeno ejάmhno qa ήtan krίsimo, enώ oi logariasmoί thw etaireίaw den eίxan bebaivqeί apό tiw ellhnikέw forologikέw arxέw epί mia pentaetίa. Apό ta άrqra poy dhmosieύontan thn ίdia epoxή ston ellhnikό tύpo proέkypte όti ta stoixeίa thw etaireίaw enefάnizan kenά kai όti anamenόtan na prokύcei zhmίa leitoyrgikήw ekmetάlleyshw ύcoyw 5 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (14,67 ekatommύria eyrώ) mέsa sto 2000.

29. Oi logariasmoί thw etaireίaw gia ta έth 1999 kai 2000 den έxoyn mέxri sήmera koinopoihqeί sthn Epitropή apό thn ellhnikή kybέrnhsh. Den έxoyn epίshw diabibasteί kaqόloy stoixeίa gia th xrhmatodotikή katάstash thw etaireίaw katά to έtow 2001. Όpvw faίnetai, h OA den dhmosίeyse logariasmoύw gia to έtow 2000. Den eίnai ejάlloy diaqέsimew oi ektimήseiw gia to έtow 2001.

30. Όpvw problepόtan sthn apόfash toy 1998, apotelώntaw skέlow toy progrάmmatow, h metakίnhsh thw OA ston DAA eprόkeito na xrhmatodothqeί apό apoqέmata metrhtώn kai apό tiw apozhmiώseiw (shmeίo 82 thw apόfashw) poy qa xorhgoύse to ellhnikό krάtow gia thn apώleia ependύsevn sto aerodrόmio toy Ellhnikoύ, synepeίa thw perάtvshw thw leitoyrgίaw toy en lόgv aerodromίoy (poy ypologίzontai se 35 disekatommύria draxmέw). Όpvw epibebaίvse to ellhnikό krάtow sthn Epitropή me thn epistolή toy thw 3hw Ioylίoy 1998 anaforikά me thn en lόgv apozhmίvsh, aytή den eprόkeito na symperilάbei kanέna stoixeίo enίsxyshw prow thn OA kai qa ήtan apolύtvw isoϋcήw me to antίstoixo posό poy qa edikaioύto na lάbei opoiadήpote άllh etaireίa poy qa briskόtan se parόmoia katάstash. Epiplέon, gia na diaskedastoύn oi anhsyxίew thw Epitropήw sxetikά me thn epilogή thw xronikήw stigmήw gia th xorήghsh thw apozhmίvshw aytήw, h Ellάda diabebaίvse epίshw thn Epitropή όti bάsei thw epikeίmenhw symfvnίaw metajύ thw OA kai toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw h apozhmίvsh eprόkeito na katablhqeί katά trόpo ώste na sympέsei me tiw dapάnew poy qa synepagόtan gia thn etaireίa h metakίnhsή thw ston aerolimέna DAA.

31. H ellhnikή kybέrnhsh plhrofόrhse thn Epitropή me thn epistolή thw thw 12hw Dekembrίoy 1999 όti h antistάqmish prow thn OA h opoίa syndeόtan άmesa me th metakίnhsή thw sto DAA ypologizόtan sto posό tvn 33,66 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn, stiw 20 Aprilίoy 1999 (όpvw kaqorίsthke apό thn etaireίa symboύlvn American Appraisal, HB), thn opoίa eίxe proslάbei me sύmbash to ellhnikό krάtow gia na prosdiorίsei tiw zhmίew poy qa eίxe h OA apό to kleίsimo toy aerodromίoy sto Ellhnikό kai th metakίnhsή thw ston DAA.

32. H έkqesh aytή diabibάsthke sthn Epitropή, xvrίw vstόso kάpoia epίshmh anakoίnvsh. H Epitropή anέqese ston Alan Stratford, to kaqήkon na epalhqeύsei katά pόson h ajiolόghsh poy eίxe gίnei apό thn etaireίa symboύlvn American Appraisal basizόtan sthn arxή thw 'dίkaihw agoraίaw ajίaw' kai katά pόso synepagόtan thn katabolή opoiasdήpote yperantistάqmishw. O Alan Stratford, afoύ prohgoymέnvw ejέtase to kaqestώw thw OA sto Ellhnikό kai th mέqodo efarmogήw thw arxήw thw dίkaihw agoraίaw ajίaw katέlhje sto sympέrasma, sthn telikή toy έkqesh poy synέtaje ton Mάio toy 2000, όti oi ypologismoί kai ta metabibazόmena posά ήtan logikά. Parόla aytά, amfisbήthse epίshw th basimόthta thw meqόdoy na ypologίzetai o ejoplismόw vw stoixeίo poy prέpei na apozhmivqeί kai katά pόso orismέna istorikά pagivmέna eyergetikά ofelήmata poy apolάmbane h OA sto aerodrόmio toy Ellhnikoύ έprepe na antistaqmistoύn me thn katabolή apozhmiώsevn. H OA metakίnhse έgkaira tiw drasthriόthtέw thw ston Dieqnή Aerolimέna Aqhnώn, o opoίow egkainίase th leitoyrgίa toy stiw 28 Martίoy 2001. Thn ίdia mέra έkleise to aerodrόmio toy Ellhnikoύ.

33. Sύmfvna me epistolή apό 28 Febroyarίoy 2002 toy ypoyrgoύ kyrίoy Berelή, h Epitropή έlabe th diabebaίvsh, όti to ellhnikό krάtow xorήghse sthn OA daneίoy. H sύmbash daneίoy estάlh sthn Epitropή stiw 4 Martίoy 2002. Sύmfvna me ta dhmosieύmata toy Tύpoy, aytό to dάneio synolikoύ ύcoyw 19,5 ekatommyrívn epidiώkei to stόxo na parasxeqeί sthn etaireίa dynatόthta daneismoύ xrhmάtvn prow kάlych toy kόstoyw leitoyrgίaw thw kai qa ekdoqeί se symchfismό me tiw lhjiprόqesmew plhrvmέw poy ofeίlei to ellhnikό krάtow sthn OA, synolikoύ ύcoyw 25,596 ekatommyrívn.

2.4. Kataggelίew katά toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw sxetizόmenew me ta zhtήmata thw OA

34. H Έnvsh Ellήnvn Aerometaforέvn (h opoίa sto ejήw kaleίtai 'EEA') ypέbale stiw 12 Oktvbrίoy 2000 sxetikή kataggelίa h opoίa strefόtan katά toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw, basizόmenh ston isxyrismό όti ejakoloyqoύse na xorhgeί sthn OA poikilόmorfew enisxύseiw se antίqesh me tiw apofάseiw poy eίxe lάbei h Epitropή to 1994 kai to 1998. Mέlh thw EEA eίnai oi akóloyqoi aerometaforeίw: Aegean Airlines, Cronus Airlines, Hellenic Star Airways, Cal Aviation, Trans European Airlines, Interjet, Avionic kai Aviator.

35. H kataggelίa diabibάsthke stiw 5 Dekembrίoy 2000 stiw ellhnikέw arxέw gia na ypobάloyn tiw parathrήseiw akóloyqoi:

Ta kύria epixeirήmata poy problήqhkan se synάrthsh me to qέma thw xorήghshw tvn kratikώn enisxύsevn ήtan ta ejήw:

- parά ton όro poy eίxe epiblhqeί me thn apόfash toy 1994 na mhn xorhghqeί kamίa peraitέrv enίsxysh sthn OA ypό opoiadήpote morfή, sύmfvna me tiw ryqmίseiw thw koinotikήw nomoqesίaw [όrow e) thw en lόgv apόfashw], sto άrqro 6 parάgrafow 2 toy nόmoy ariq. 96/75 thw 26hw Ioynίoy 1975 (o opoίow sto ejήw kaleίtai 'nόmow ariq. 96/75') to opoίo anafέretai sto kaqestώw, ta dikaiώmata kai tiw ypoxreώseiw thw OA, problέpetai h katabolή protimhsiakώn misqologikώn epidomάtvn stoyw ergazomέnoyw sthn OA, gegonόw to opoίo synistά άmesh enίsxysh ypέr thw OA,

- parά ton όro o opoίow epiballόtan sthn apόfash toy 1994 na doqeί sthn OA to forologikό kaqestώw thw anώnymhw etaireίaw, sygkrίsimo me to antίstoixo kaqestώw poy efarmόzetai gia tiw ellhnikέw epixeirήseiw bάsei tvn oikeίvn diatάjevn toy koinoύ dikaίoy, ektόw thw apallagήw thw OA apό tyxόn fόroyw poy endέxetai na epiblhqoύn stiw diadikasίew anadiάrqrvshw kefalaίoy thw epixeίrhshw [όrow g)] kai na probeί amέsvw sth lήch tvn anagkaίvn nomoqetikώn mέtrvn) gia thn apotelesmatikή efarmogή toy progrάmmatow όson aforά misqologikά, koinvnikά kai xrhmatooikonomikά qέmata tvn programmάtvn [όrow st)] thw apόfashw aytήw, h OA den katέbale έgkaira ta tέlh prosgeίvshw kai stάqmeyshw sto aerodrόmio toy Ellhnikoύ. Epίshw, oi yperήmerew ofeilέw gia ta έth 1997, 1998 kai 1999 synolikoύ ύcoyw 9 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn antistaqmίsthkan en mέrei (gia posό 2 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn) me ta xrέh poy ofeίlontan apό tiw ellhnikέw arxέw (Yphresίa Politikήw Aeroporίaw) sthn OA. Ejάlloy, h OA den έxei katabάlei ta analogoύnta posά gia th xrήsh diafόrvn egkatastάsevn (prώhn ypόstego tvn HPA) sto Ellhnikό. H anoxή thw parάleichw ή thw aqέthshw tvn proanaferόmenvn plhrvmώn kaqώw kai h parάleich epibolήw tόkvn epί tvn yperήmervn plhrvmώn ή tvn prostίmvn ta opoίa epibάllontai ypό diaforetikέw synqήkew stiw anώnymew etaireίew toy idivtikoύ dikaίoy gia thn antίstoixh symperiforά toyw synistoύn kratikή enίsxysh.

Ston ellhnikό nόmo ariq. 2733/99 perilambάnetai (sto άrqro 39) h symfvnίa metajύ toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw kai thw OA me thn opoίa ryqmίzetai o amoibaίow symchfismόw tvn xreώn. Ta yperήmera xrέh thw OA prow to ellhnikό krάtow anέrxontan perίpoy sto posό tvn 9,86 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn [28,9 ekatommύria eyrώ(7)] poy proέrxontai apό ta anejόflhta aerolimenikά tέlh, tiw epibarύnseiw kai ta misqώmata ta opoίa ofeίloyn na antistaqmistoύn me symchfismό toy xrέoyw toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw έnanti thw OA gia th metaforά tvn kratikώn ypallήlvn. Sto nόmo den qespίzetai vstόso kanέnaw safήw tύpow ypologismoύ tvn plhrvmώn poy ofeίlontai apό kάqe pleyrά. To kaqestώw aytό parabiάzei epίshw toyw όroyw g) kai st) thw apόfashw toy 1994 kai, synepώw, ton όro a) thw apόfashw toy 1998.

36. Oi ellhnikέw arxέw ypέbalan tiw parathrήseiw toyw sthn Epitropή anaforikά me thn kataggelίa aytή stiw 19 Febroyarίoy 2001. Όson aforά ta epixeirήmata poy anaptύssontan sthn kataggelίa, oi arxέw anέferan ta akóloyqoi:

- oύte me thn apόfash thw Epitropήw to 1994 allά oύte kai sthn apόfash toy 1998 den epiballόtan rhtά sto ellhnikό krάtow h ypoxrέvsh akύrvshw toy άrqroy 6 parάgrafow 2 toy nόmoy 96/75. To ellhnikό krάtow έkrine vw ek toύtoy όti h diάtajh eίnai symbibάsimh me to koinotikό dίkaio,

- me to Proedrikό Diάtagma ariq. 138/97 epiballόtan sthn OA h ypoxrέvsh na katabάlei misqώmata gia to xώro poy katalάmbane stoyw ellhnikoύw aerolimέnew. Oi ellhnikέw arxέw antέtajan to epixeίrhma όti den eίxe gίnei kanέnaw esfalmέnow ypologismόw tvn telώn kai tvn misqvmάtvn poy ofeίlontan apό thn OA gia ton antίstoixo xώro poy katelάmbane stoyw ellhnikoύw aerolimέnew. [...],

- oi ellhnikέw arxέw epibebaίvsan ta posά ta opoίa symchfίzontai bάsei toy ellhnikoύ nόmoy ariq. 2733/99. Όpvw isxyrίsthkan, ta proanaferόmena posά den antistaqmίzoyn olosxerώw ta syssvreymέna xrέh poy ofeίlontai apό kάqe pleyrά. [...] Den xorhgήqhke kamίa sxetikή plhroforίa gia ton ypologismό toy xrέoyw kάqe pleyrάw. Epίshw, den dόqhke kanέna stoixeίo gia tiw programmatizόmenew leptomέreiew ejόflhshw tvn ekkremώn posώn.

37. H EAA ypέbale sthn Epitropή stiw 24 Ioylίoy 2001 prόsqeth kataggelίa katά toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw, epeidή aytό synέxize na katabάlei sthn OA poikilόmorfew enisxύseiw se antίqesh me tiw apofάseiw poy eίxe ekdώsei h Epitropή to 1994 kai to 1998, ypό to fvw tvn ejelίjevn poy eίxan ypάrjei to 2001. H symplhrvmatikή kataggelίa diabibάsthke stiw ellhnikέw arxέw me thn epistolή thw 22aw Aygoύstoy 2001, gia na diatypώsoyn tiw antίstoixew parathrήseiw toyw.

H en lόgv kataggelίa epikentrώnontan sta akóloyqa zhtήmata:

- ta xrέh thw OA ston Dieqnή Aerolimέna tvn Aqhnώn gia ta anejόflhta aerolimenikά tέlh apό thn epoxή poy egkainiάsthke h leitoyrgίa toy aerolimέna stiw 28 Martίoy 2001 anέrxontai sto posό tvn 10 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn perίpoy (perίpoy 30 ekatommύria eyrώ),

- to tέlow poy xreώnetai gia th xrήsh tvn egkatastάsevn anefodiasmoύ me kaύsima ston DAA eίnai dysanάlogo se sxέsh me to kόstow thw egkatάstashw. Sύmfvna me toyw isxyrismoύw poy probάllontai, h ypέrmetrh timolόghsh synistά morfή adikaiolόghthw epidόthshw thw OA,

- oi aeroporikέw etaireίew ypoxreώnontai na eisprάttoyn apό toyw epibάtew poy anaxvroύn apό opoiodήpote ellhnikό aerodrόmio ton fόro gia thn anάptyjh tvn ellhnikώn aerolimέnvn, o opoίow eίnai gnvstόw vw 'spatόshmo'. O fόrow aytόw epiblήqhke apό to nόmo ariq. 2065/92 (όpvw tropopoiήqhke apό ton nόmo ariq. 2892/2001). O en lόgv fόrow ofeίlei na katabάlletai sthn ellhnikή kybέrnhsh entόw xronikoύ diastήmatow 20 hmerώn apό ton mήna thw antίstoixhw eίsprajήw toy.

Sύmfvna me toyw isxyrismoύw thw kataggelίaw, h OA έxei safώw kaqysterήsei na ekplhrώsei tiw ypoxreώseiw poy ypέxei έnanti toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw gia posό 16 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn perίpoy (perίpoy 47 ekatommύria eyrώ). To posό aytό antistoixeί stoyw anejόflhtoyw fόroyw poy ofeίlontai epί xronikό diάsthma megalύtero thw trietίaw. Vw apodeiktikά stoixeίa h EAA proskόmise 39 epistolέw thw Ellhnikήw Yphresίaw Politikήw Aeroporίaw poy apeyqύnontan sthn armόdia ellhnikή Dhmόsia Oikonomikή Eforίa gia ekkremeίw ypoxreώseiw ύcoyw 6,5 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (perίpoy 19 ekatommύria eyrώ), posά sta opoίa symperilambanόtan mhniaίo prόstimo prosaύjhshw katά 5 % gia tiw anejόflhtew plhrvmέw (etήsio ύcow prosaύjhshw 60 %),

- sύmfvna me toyw isxyrismoύw, h qygatrikή epixeίrhsh thw OA Olympiakή Aeroploΐa eyergeteίtai apό thn apallagή thw apό thn katabolή toy FPA gia ta kaύsima kai ta antallaktikά, xvrίw na dikaioύtai na epvfeleίtai apό to pronόmio aytό (posostό megalύtero apό 80 % tvn ptήsevn thw apoteloύn esvterikέw ptήseiw, όpvw epibάlletai apό ton ellhnikό nόmo ariq. 2859/2001 anaforikά me ton FPA). To piqanό xrhmatooikonomikό eyergέthma poy prokύptei ypέr thw OA ektimάtai όti yperbaίnei to posό tvn 800 ekatommyrίvn draxmώn (perίpoy 2,6 ekatommύria eyrώ),

- ópvw yposthrίzetai stiw kataggelίew, h OA έxei paraleίcei na ekplhrώsei ή έxei shmantikά kaqysterήsei na ejoflήsei άllew ofeilέw poy ypέxei έnanti toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw, stiw opoίew symperilambάnontai:

a) ta ofeilόmena tέlh stoyw ellhnikoύw aerolimέnew (toyw ypόloipoyw ektόw toy DAA) όson aforά ta misqώmata gia toyw enoikiazόmenoyw xώroyw kai ta tέlh prosgeίvshw·

b) tiw eisforέw sto kaqestώw koinvnikήw asfάlishw poy ofeίlontai gia toyw ypallήloyw thw·

g) ton FPA ύcoyw 8 % poy eisprάttei h OA epί tvn esvterikώn naύlvn·

d) ta posά poy ofeίlontai sthn Olympic Catering, sthn opoίa h OA eίnai o mέtoxow poy elέgxei thn pleiochfίa tvn metoxώn. To posό thw ofeilήw sthn Olympic Catering antiprosvpeύei perίpoy to έna tέtarto toy etήsioy kύkloy ergasiώn thw.

38. Oi ellhnikέw arxέw diabίbasan tiw parathrήseiw toyw se synάrthsh me thn kataggelίa aytή me tiw epistolέw toyw thw 7hw Noembrίoy kai thw 11hw Dekembrίoy 2001. Se sxέsh me ta epixeirήmata poy problέpontan sthn kataggelίa, ypogrάmmisan ta akóloyqa:

- h OA έxei katabάlei ston Dieqnή Aerolimέna Aqhnώn ta ofeilόmena tέlh prosgeίvshw ύcoyw [...] apό thn epoxή poy egkainiάsthke h leitoyrgίa toy, gia xronikό diάsthma enόw pentamήnoy. Sthn perίptvsh thw aqέthshw tvn ypoxreώsevn plhrvmήw thw, h OA epibarύnetai me tόkoyw yperhmerίaw. [...],

- to arxikό kόstow gia thn kataskeyή kai leitoyrgίa tvn egkatastάsevn anefodiasmoύ me kaύsima apό thn OFC έxei kaqoristeί se 9,6 disekatommύria draxmέw (perίpoy 28,3 ekatommύria eyrώ), enώ anήlqe telikά sto posό tvn 14 disekatommyrίvn draxmώn (perίpoy 41 ekatommύria eyrώ). Όpvw epibebaίvsan oi ellhnikέw arxέw, h OA eίnai o megalύterow mέtoxow thw OFC sthn opoίa elέgxei posostό 66 %. Όpvw epίshw anέferan, to ellhnikό krάtow anέqese sthn OFC th sύmbash kataskeyήw kai diaxeίrishw tvn egkatastάsevn epί mia eikositrietίa, sth bάsh thw prokήryjhw dieqnoύw diagvnismoύ ypobolήw prosforώn,

- h OA ekplhrώnei έgkaira tiw ypoxreώseiw poy ypέxei έnanti toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw, όson aforά thn plhrvmή toy 'spatόshmoy'. Sύmfvna me toyw isxyrismoύw, ta ekkremή posά poy ofeίlontai έxoyn prokύcei apό tiw diplo-eggrafέw stiw opoίew proέbh h ellhnikή Yphresίa Politikήw Aeroporίaw. [...] H OA zήthse na antistaqmisteί to en lόgv posό me tiw antίstoixew plhrvmέw poy ofeίlei to ellhnikό krάtow sthn OA. Den ypoblήqhke kanέna sxetikό apodeiktikό stoixeίo gia thn analytikή katanomή tvn ofeilόmenvn posώn kai/ή tvn katablhqέntvn posώn apό thn OA ή apό to ellhnikό krάtow gia opoiadήpote xronikή perίodo. To sxetikό dikaiologhtikό poy ypoblήqhke (parάrthma 7 thw epistolήw tvn ellhnikώn arxώn thw 11hw Dekembrίoy 2001) [...] To posό aytό den antistoixeί vstόso se kanέna apό ta posά poy eίxan mnhmoneyqeί sthn apάnthsh tvn ellhnikώn arxώn. [...],

- H OA eίnai epifortismέnh me to έrgo xrhmatooikonomikήw diaxeίrishw thw OA. H OA katabάllei ton FPA gia ta kaύsima poy agorάzei gia dikό thw logariasmό kai gia th qygatrikή thw etaireίa Olympiakή Aeroploΐa. Sth synέxeia, xreώnei esvterikά thn Olympiakή Aeroploΐa me ton ofeilόmeno FPA. Den έxei xorhghqeί kanέna sxetikό apodeiktikό stoixeίo όson aforά thn pragmatikή plhrvmή tvn ofeilόmenvn posώn toy FPA apό thn Olympiakή Aeroploΐa. Sthn antίstoixή toyw epistolή thw 11hw Dekembrίoy 2001 (sto parάrthma 9 thw epistolήw aytήw), [...]. Kanέna posό toy FPA poy katέbale h OA den antistoixeί sta posά poy katablήqhkan apό thn OA ypό th morfή toy FPA gia opoiadήpote apό tiw en lόgv xronikέw periόdoyw. Ejάlloy, me ta ypoblhqέnta dikaiologhtikά den stoixeioqeteίtai kaqeaytό όti h Olympiakή Aeroploΐa epistrέfei sthn OA opoiadήpote apό ta posά toy FPA poy katabάllontai apό thn OA sto ellhnikό krάtow,

- ópvw epibebaίvsan oi ellhnikέw arxέw, h OA έxei kaqysterήsei na katabάlei ta ofeilόmena posά (ekkremeί akόmh o kaqorismόw toy akriboύw ύcoyw tvn posώn) gia ta tέlh prosgeίvshw stoyw άlloyw ellhnikoύw aerolimέnew, ektόw toy DAA. Oi kaqysterήseiw aytέw dήqen ofeίlontai sto gegonόw όti h OA den symfvneί me ton ypologismό tvn ofeilόmenvn posώn sto ellhnikό krάtow. Sύmfvna me toyw proballόmenoyw isxyrismoύw, epίshw, h OA έxei zhtήsei ton symchfismό tvn proanaferόmenvn posώn me ta ofeilόmena apό to ellhnikό krάtow posά sthn OA.

Sthn apάnthsή toyw thw 11hw Dekembrίoy 2001 (parάrthma 12 thw en lόgv epistolήw), oi ellhnikέw arxέw ypobάlloyn ta stoixeίa gia ta ofeilόmena posά gia ta tέlh prosgeίvshw kai stάqmeyshw ta opoίa ofeίlontan apό toyw aerometaforeίw poy kateίxan ellhnikέw άdeiew leitoyrgikήw ekmetάlleyshw gia ta έth 1998, 1999 kai gia th xronikή perίodo Ianoyarίoy/Febroyarίoy 2000. Sta stoixeίa aytά h OA emfanίzetai όti έxei symchfίsei amoibaίa ta posά poy όfeile gia to έtow 1998 ta opoίa anέrxontan se [...] me tiw ajiώseiw poy eίxe έnanti toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw, bάsei toy nόmoy ariq. 2733/99.

Ta posά aytά den antistoixoύn vstόso se kanέna apό ta posά poy aforoύn oi prάjeiw symchfismoύ gia tiw opoίew gίnetai lόgow sto nόmo ariq. 2733/99. Sto baqmό poy aytό aforά ta ofeilόmena posά gia to έtow 1999, h OA emfanίzetai na έxei ekkremeίw ypoxreώseiw se sxέsh me ta ofeilόmena tέlh prosgeίvshw kai stάqmeyshw poy anέrxontai sto posό [...]. Gia to ίdio έtow, h Olympiakή Aeroploΐa έxei yperήmerew ypoxreώseiw ύcoyw [...]. Gia to xronikό diάsthma toy Ianoyarίoy kai toy Febroyarίoy 2000, h OA emfanίzetai na έxei ekkremeίw ypoxreώseiw apό ta ofeilόmena aerolimenikά tέlh prosgeίvshw kai stάqmeyshw poy anέrxontai sto posό [...]. Gia to ίdio xronikό diάsthma, h Olympiakή Aeroploΐa έxei yperήmerew ypoxreώseiw ύcoyw [...],

- ópvw epibebaίvsan oi ellhnikέw arxέw h OA έxei kaqysterήsei na katabάlei tiw eisforέw koinvnikήw asfάlishw gia toyw ergazόmenoύw thw gia to xronikό diάsthma Martίoy-Dekembrίoy 2001. To Ίdryma Koinvnikώn Asfalίsevn ('IKA') έxei ήdh probeί sthn katoxύrvsh en mέrei tvn ajiώseώn toy, probaίnontaw se merikή katάsxesh dyo perioysiakώn stoixeίvn idiokthsίaw thw OA kai symfώnhse h OA na proxvrήsei sthn antίstoixh plhrvmή tvn posώn me dόseiw. [...],

- oi ellhnikέw arxέw epibebaίvsan όti h OA den epvfeleίtai apό kanέna eidikό kaqestώw sta qέmata toy ofeilόmenoy FPA gia tiw esvterikέw thw ptήseiw. [...] Sthn oysίa, oi ellhnikέw arxέw ypέbalan me thn epistolή toyw thw 11hw Dekembrίoy 2001 (parάrthma 17 thw epistolήw aytήw) tiw katastάseiw ypobolήw tvn dhlώsevn toy FPA thw OA gia ta έth 2000 kai 2001. [...] Gia tiw ptήseiw prow tiw ellhnikέw nήsoyw, den faίnetai na έxei katablhqeί oydόlvw o FPA. [...],

- Oi ellhnikέw arxέw aporrίptoyn to epixeίrhma όti h OA ofeίlei ekkremeίw plhrvmέw sthn Olympiakή Aeroploΐa. [...].

39. Oi yphresίew thw Epitropήw zήthsan me thn epistolή toyw thw 6hw Dekembrίoy 2001 na toyw xorhghqoύn symplhrvmatikά stoixeίa anaforikά me thn prόsqeth kataggelίa kai thn katάstash tameiakήw roήw tvn diaqesίmvn thw OA oύtvw ώste na ajiologhqeί o antίktypow poy eίxan ta gegonόta thw 11hw Septembrίoy 2001 gia thn oikonomikή kai xrhmatodotikή poreίa ejέlijhw thw etaireίaw. Oi ellhnikέw arxέw apokrίqhkan me thn epistolή toyw thw 1hw Febroyarίoy, sthn opoίa anέferan όti eίxan lάbei orismέna mέtra gia thn perikopή toy kόstoyw leitoyrgίaw kai gia ton ejorqologismό toy diktύoy thw OA. Ta mέtra aytά ήtan ta akόloyqa:

- [...].

2.5. H diadikasίa idivtikopoίhshw thw OA

40. Έnan xrόno έpeita apό thn apόfash poy έlabe h ellhnikή kybέrnhsh na kinήsei th diadikasίa thw idivtikopoίhshw (13 Dekembrίoy 1999), to ellhnikό krάtow egkainίase stiw 20 Dekembrίoy 2000 th diadikasίa thw idivtikopoίhshw h opoίa basίsthke sth diadikasίa thw prokήryjhw anoiktoύ dieqnoύw diagvnismoύ prow ypobolή prosforώn se dyo fάseiw. H diadikasίa thw idivtikopoίhshw den oloklhrώqhke έktote.

41. Sthn epistolή toyw poy diabίbasan stiw 26 Aprilίoy toy 2001 stiw ellhnikέw arxέw, oi yphresίew thw Epitropήw epέsthsan thn prosoxή toyw se orismέna stoixeίa thw diadikasίaw idivtikopoίhshw, ta opoίa endέxetai na odhgήsoyn sto kaqestώw thw xorήghshw kratikώn enisxύsevn bάsei tvn synafώn άrqrvn thw synqήkhw EK kai idίvw bάsei tvn άrqrvn 87 kai 88. Sthn epistolή ginόtan idίvw parapompή sth qέsh poy eίxe yioqetήsei h Epitropή anaforikά me tiw idivtikopoiήseiw (έkqesh sxetikά me thn politikή toy antagvnismoύ toy 1993, parάgrafow 403). To tekmήrio thw έlleichw xorήghshw enisxύsevn qa mporoύse idίvw na stoixeioqethqeί eάn, anάmesa stoyw άlloyw όroyw 'h etaireίa eprόkeito na idivtikopoihqeί όxi me diakύmansh thw timήw thw metoxήw thw sto Xrhmatistήrio Ajiώn allά me th mέqodo thw emporikήw pώlhshw, me άlla lόgia dhladή me th mέqodo thw pώlhshw toy synόloy thw etaireίaw ή tmhmάtvn aytήw se άllew epixeirήseiw [...] prέpei na prokhrύssetai h diadikasίa toy antagvnistikoύ diagvnismoύ o opoίow paramέnei anoiktόw se όloyw toyw emfanizόmenoyw foreίw, eίnai diafanήw kai den teleί ypό ton όro thw ekplήrvshw άllvn prάjevn, όpvw h apόkthsh stoixeίvn toy energhtikoύ diaforetikώn apό ekeίna gia ta opoίa ypobάlletai prosforά ή h synέxish thw ekmetάlleyshw orismέnvn drasthriotήtvn'. Oi idivtikopoiήseiw oi opoίew den ekplhroύn toyw όroyw aytoύw epibάlletai na koinopoioύntai ypoxrevtikά.

42. Se ό,ti aforά to piqanό ypoqetikό senάrio thw anάdeijhw miaw 'palaiάw Olympiakήw' kai thw diamόrfvshw miaw 'nέaw Olympiakήw' oi opoίew qa prokύcoyn apό th diadikasίa tvn idivtikopoiήsevn, h Epitropή proeidopoίhse tiw ellhnikέw arxέw όti ta qέmata poy sxetίzontai me thn idivtikopoίhsh thw OA kai ta opoίa sxetίzontai idίvw me to qέma katά pόson h 'nέa Olympiakή' qa mporeί na έxei prόsbash stiw enisxύseiw poy xorhgoύntai gia toyw skopoύw thw anadiάrqrvshw qa xreiasteί na ejetastoύn thn katάllhlh stigmή, mέsa sto katάllhlo nomikό plaίsio.

43. Ekeίno poy ofeίlei na shmeivqeί eίnai όti h etaireίa Axon Airlines, poy apoteloύse ton protimώmeno ypocήfio anάdoxo me ton opoίo to ellhnikό krάtow eίxe diejagάgei sxetikέw diapragmateύseiw έvw ta tέlh toy Oktvbrίoy 2001 έpayse na askeί tiw drasthriόthtέw toy stiw 30 Noembrίoy 2001, lόgv shmantikώn xrhmatooikonomikώn dysxereiώn.

3. NOMIKH EKTIMHSH

44. Sto shmerinό stάdio kai me bάsh ta stoixeίa poy anaptύxqhkan prohgoymέnvw allά kai tiw plhroforίew poy diaqέtei h Epitropή, όpvw faίnetai apό ta stoixeίa poy epejhgoύntai sth synέxeia to prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw to opoίo apoteloύse to ypόbaqro thw apόfashw toy 1998 den έgine sebastό kai den thrήqhkan diάforoi apό toyw όroyw poy eίxan epiblhqeί me thn apόfash ekeίnh, symperilambanomέnoy toy όroy thw apagόreyshw na xorhghqeί kάpoia nέa enίsxysh, ypό opoiadήpote morfή.

45. Όpvw faίnetai vw ek toύtoy:

1. Ypάrxoyn orismέnew desmeύseiw kai όroi oi opoίoi symperilambάnontan sthn egkritikή apόfash toy 1998 oi opoίoi eίnai profanέw όti den έxoyn thrhqeί.

2. Eίnai profanέw όti ypάrxoyn orismέnew nέew parάnomew enisxύseiw oi opoίew xorhgήqhkan.

46. Efόson stiw apofάseiw toy 1994 kai toy 1998 symperilambanόtan h dέsmeysh toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw na mhn xorhghqeί kamίa nέa enίsxysh, όlew oi nέew morfέw enίsxyshw qa synistoύsan - me gnώmona to ίdio kritήrio - parabίash tvn proanaferόmenvn apofάsevn. Gia ton lόgo aytό, h Epitropή krίnei anagkaίo na kinhqeί h nomόtyph diadikasίa toy άrqroy 88 parάgrafow 2 thw synqήkhw EK lόgv thw kataxrhstikήw efarmogήw miaw enίsxyshw kai thw xorήghshw nέvn parάnomvn enisxύsevn [kefάlaia III kai IV toy kanonismoύ diadikastikήw efarmogήw (EK) 659/1999].

Kataxrhstikή efarmogή tvn enisxύsevn poy eίxan egkriqeί me tiw apofάseiw thw Epitropήw toy 1994 kai toy 1998

47. Όpvw qa ejhghqeί sth synέxeia, to parόn kaqestώw thw OA se ό,ti aforά thn aqέthsh thw efarmogήw toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw, h aqέthsh diάforvn όrvn kai desmeύsevn apό toyw opoίoyw synodeyόtan h apόfash toy 1998 kai oi sobarέw amfibolίew oi opoίew egeίrontai anaforikά me thn ύparjh nέvn parάnomvn enisxύsevn poy xorhgήqhkan sthn etaireίa έxoyn vw apotέlesma ta mέtra tvn enisxύsevn poy kalύptontai apό thn apόfash toy 1998 na έxoyn efarmosteί kataxrhstikά, apó ó, ti faίnetai.

48. Sth synέxeia akoloyqoύn vw ek toύtoy orismέnew skέceiw oi opoίew sxetίzontai me thn kakή xrήsh tvn enisxύsevn h xorήghsh tvn opoίvn eίxe egkriqeί progenέstera (thn aqέthsh toy progrάmmatow kai thn aqέthsh orismέnvn desmeύsevn kai όrvn poy synόdeyan thn apόfash toy 1998) kai katόpin paratίqentai orismέnew skέceiw anaforikά me άllew parάnomew enisxύseiw oi opoίew synistoύn taytόxrona parabίash tvn όrvn allά kai periptώseiw xorήghshw nέvn enisxύsevn, asymbίbastvn me thn koinή agorά.

H aqέthsh toy progrάmmatow

Oi epixeirhsiakέw ptyxέw

To prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw poy eίxe apotelέsei to ypόbaqro thw έgkrishw toy 1998 eίnai profanέw όti den efarmόsthke όpvw problepόtan. Den syntelέsthkan idίvw oi metabolέw stiw organvtikέw ypodomέw thw etaireίaw, efόson ta dieyqyntikά epίpeda diaxeίrishw parέmeinan katά bάsh ta ίdia. O ariqmόw tvn ergazomέnvn meiώqhke se megalύtero baqmό apό ό,ti eίxe problefqeί sto prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw (blépe shmeίa 11 évw 17). Aytό vstόso faίnetai όti ofeίletai sthn ekxώrhsh drasthriotήtvn tiw opoίew prohgoymέnvw diekperaίvne h OA stiw qygatrikέw thw epixeirήseiw. Parά to pάgvma tvn misqώn toy prosvpikoύ katά thn perίodo 1996-1997, h synakόloyqh meίvsh toy kόstoyw paragvgήw ekmhdenίsthke se megάlo baqmό apό th shmantikή aύjhsh tvn plhrvmώn katά to 1998. Όpvw apodeiknύetai apό tiw kaqarέw zhmίew poy enefάnise h etaireίa gia to έtow 1999, h OA den apodeίxqhke ikanή na merimnήsei gia thn kataskeyή tvn έrgvn ypodomήw ston DAA, ta opoίa problepόtan na gίnoyn xvrίw thn άntlhsh nέvn kefalaioyxikώn pόrvn apό toyw metόxoyw.

Ajίzei sto shmeίo aytό na shmeivqeί όti oi stόxoi toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw poy eίxe apotelέsei to ypόbaqro thw apόfashw toy 1998 den epiteύxqhkan potέ. To gegonόw aytό eίnai synέpeia thw xrhmatooikonomikήw katάstashw thw OA, όpvw perigrάfhke prohgoymέnvw sthn paroύsa apόfash (shmeίa 26 évw 29). Me bάsh tiw plhroforίew poy dόqhkan prohgoymέnvw, h Epitropή diathreί amfibolίew katά pόso h poreίa ejέlijhw tvn oikonomikώn kai xrhmatodotikώn megeqώn thw OA symbadίzei me to prόgramma poy kάlypte to xronikό diάsthma 1998-2002, me bάsh to opoίo egkrίqhkan ta mέtra xorήghshw enisxύsevn me thn apόfash toy 1998. Idίvw, efόson h Epitropή den έlabe kanέna sxetikό stoixeίo gia ta apotelέsmata oikonomikήw xrήshw thw etaireίaw katά to έtow 2000 ή opoiesdήpote ektimήseiw gia to έtow 2001 kai me afethrίa to dedomέno όti h Speedwing apέtyxe na katartίsei to sxetikό prόgramma epixeirhsiakώn prvtoboyliώn kai mέtrvn anadiάrqrvshw poy qa throύse toyw kaqorizόmenoyw sthn apόfash toy 1998 stόxoyw, h Epitropή diathreί sobarέw amfibolίew όson aforά thn trέxoysa xrhmatooikonomikή katάstash thw etaireίaw, qevrώntaw όti apέxei pόrrv apό toyw stόxoyw poy eίxan kaqoristeί gia ta έth 2000-2002 sto prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw.

Ypobolή έkqeshw gia thn efarmogή toy progrάmmatow

49. Se antίqesh me toyw όroyw poy epibάllontan apό thn apόfash toy 1998 (άrqro 1 parάgrafow 2) den ypoblήqhke kamίa sxetikή έkqesh sthn Epitropή gia thn efarmogή toy progrάmmatow, ton Mάrtio kai ton Oktώbrio toy 2000. H anyparjίa ejάlloy stoixeίvn kai ajiόpistvn logistikώn dedomέnvn gia ta apotelέsmata thw etaireίaw den epitrέpoyn oydόlvw sthn Epitropή na epalhqeύsei plήrvw thn tήrhsh aytoύ toy basikoύ όroy xvrίw peraitέrv έreyna.

50. Όpvw prokύptei apό ta stoixeίa poy analύqhkan prohgoymέnvw, den ekplhrώqhkan se diarkή bάsh oi oikonomikέw kai xrhmatodotikέw problέceiw stiw opoίew basizόtan to prόgramma aytό to opoίo eίxe epejergasteί apό to ellhnikό krάtow kai eίxe egkriqeί apό thn Epitropή. Όpvw prokύptei endeiktikά apό thn parakoloύqhsh thw poreίaw efarmogήw toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw, ejakoloyqoύn na ypάrxoyn sobarέw amfibolίew sto qέma toy synexizόmenoy symbibάsimoy xaraktήra thw trέxoysaw oikonomikήw kai xrhmatodotikήw katάstashw thw OA me toyw epixeirhsiakoύw kai xrhmatooikonomikoύw deίktew toy progrάmmatow. Oi amfibolίew aytέw έxoyn tέtoio xaraktήra, ώste na dikaiologeίtai h epanejέtash apό thn pleyrά thw Epitropήw thw apόfashw toy 1998 se ό,ti aforά thn orqή efarmogή toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw.

H aqέthsh tvn όrvn kai tvn desmeύsevn tvn prohgoύmenvn apofάsevn

51. Όpvw diafaίnetai apό ta stoixeίa poy eίnai sth diάqesh thw Epitropήw, aqetήqhkan oi parakάtv όroi thw apόfashw toy 1998 kai desmeύseiw thw apόfashw toy 1994 kai idίvw:

To άrqro 1 stoixeίo d) thw apόfashw toy 1998 me to opoίo epibάlletai h Ellάda na ejasfalίsei όti thn 1h Dekembrίoy 1998 h OA qa έxei efarmόsei έna plήrvw leitoyrgikό kai katάllhlo sύsthma diaxeίrishw plhroforiώn (to opoίo sto ejήw kaleίtai 'MIS').

52. Όson aforά to qέma aytό, parά to gegonόw όti h Epitropή den eίxe lάbei kamίa epίshmh έkqesh έvw thn 1h Dekembrίoy 1998, όpvw epiballόtan ypoxrevtikά apό thn apόfash toy 1998, h Epitropή anέqese ston anejάrthto empeirognώmona Alan Stratford and Associates thn entolή na diereynήsei thn apotelesmatikόthta toy proteinόmenoy MIS se sxέsh me thn apόfash toy 1998. O empeirognώmonaw qa έprepe idίvw na diereynήsei plήrvw tomeίw kai na kaqorίsei katά pόso to sύsthma aytό qa epέtrepe sta όrgana diaxeίrishw thw OA na syllέgoyn eparkeίw plhroforίew gia na parakoloyqoύn ta apotelέsmata toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw kai na tropopoioύn peraitέrv to prόgramma, όpoy aytό krinόtan anagkaίo. Problepόtan epίshw o ypoxrevtikόw έlegxow thw apodotikόthtaw toy MIS se antiparάqesh me opoiadήpote άlla systήmata poy efάrmozan oi άlloi kyriόteroi eyrvpaίoi antagvnistέw.

53. O Alan Stratford katέlhje sto sympέrasma όti thn epoxή ekeίnh ta diaxeiristikά όrgana thw OA den eίxan prόsbash se kάpoio kentrikό sύsthma plhroforiώn, allά kai όti ypήrxan diaqέsimew plhroforίew apό megάlo fάsma systhmάtvn, orismέna apό ta opoίa ήtan aparxaivmέna. Όpvw prosdiorίsthke, dύo qematikέw perioxέw idiaίterhw shmasίaw eίxan shmantikό antίktypo stoyw plhrvtέoyw kai eispraktέoyw logariasmoύw: oi logistikέw katastάseiw gia ta έsoda kai oi logistikέw katastάseiw gia toyw idiaίteroyw klάdoyw, poy kai oi dύo enefάnizan kaqysteroύmenew plhrvmέw enόw έtoyw. Oi empeirognώmonew ήtan vstόso pepeismέnoi όti to ίdio to sύsthma ήtan se qέsh na xorhgήsei όla ta apaitoύmena stoixeίa mόliw qa eίxe katasteί plήrvw leitoyrgikό. O mόnow toy periorismόw ήtan h ikanόthta orismέnvn diaxeiristώn na to ekmetalleytoύn sto έpakro. Oi ellhnikέw arxέw den έxoyn ypobάlei mέxri sήmera sxetikή έkqesh sthn Epitropή gia to MIS oύte thn έxoyn enhmerώsei gia to baqmό efarmogήw kai ta apotelέsmatά toy.

To άrqro 1 stoixeίo a) thw apόfashw toy 1998, me to opoίo epibάlletai sthn Ellάda na thrήsei tiw desmeύseiw poy anafέrontai sto άrqro 1 stoixeίa a) έvw ka) thw apόfashw thw Epitropήw toy 1994.

54. Gia na gίnei kalύtera katanohtό to nomikό plaίsio entόw toy opoίoy qa έprepe, όpvw kάqe άllh emporikή etaireίa na leitoyrgeί h OA sύmfvna me tiw diatάjeiw toy koinoύ emporikoύ dikaίoy apό to 1994, prέpei na ypenqymίsoyme ta ejήw stoixeίa:

H OA eίnai kratikή epixeίrhsh, h opoίa den apoteleί mέrow thw ellhnikήw kratikήw dioίkhshw kai h opoίa ypόkeitai stiw ryqmίseiw toy idivtikoύ dikaίoy kai idίvw stiw ryqmίseiw toy nόmoy ariq. 2190/1920 o opoίow diέpei th morfή kai ton trόpo leitoyrgίaw tvn idivtikώn anώnymvn etaireiώn ('anώnymow etaireίa'). Oi en lόgv etaireίew ypόkeintai se aysthroύw όroyw dhmosiόthtaw.

Vstόso, parά to gegonόw όti h OA ήtan kataxvrhmέnh sto mhtrώo me ta stoixeίa ariq. 422/01/B/86/423, ta άrqra toy katastatikoύ thw den apoteloύn tmήma eίte thw proanaferόmenhw dhmosίeyshw ή opoiasdήpote άllhw, me bάsh tiw plhroforίew poy diaqέtei h Epitropή.

55. Όpvw epίshw epibάlletai apό to άrqro 25 toy nόmoy ariq. 2190/1920, h genikή synέleysh tvn metόxvn prέpei na synέrxetai mέsa se έna ejάmhno apό to tέlow kάqe oikonomikoύ έtoyw, gia na syzhtήsei gia ta stoixeίa tvn oikonomikώn isologismώn thw etaireίaw gia to έtow to opoίo έlhje kai na toyw egkrίnei. Epίshw, όpvw orίzetai sto άrqro 43b parάgrafow 5 toy aytoύ nόmoy, to dioikhtikό symboύlio kάqe anώnymhw etaireίaw ypoxreoύtai na dhmosieύei toyw oikonomikoύw isologismoύw thw etaireίaw gia to prohgoύmeno oikonomikό έtow toylάxiston 20 hmέrew prin apό th sύgklhsh thw genikήw synέleyshw tvn metόxvn.

56. Vstόso, όpvw anafέrqhke prohgoymέnvw (shmeίo 31) h OA dhmosίeyse ton oikonomikό thw isologismό gia to έtow 1999 mόliw stiw 28 Dekembrίoy 2001. O isologismόw katartίsthke stiw 31 Martίoy 2001 apό ton dieyqύnonta sύmboylo thw etaireίaw kai ton genikό dieyqyntή. O isologismόw ejetάsthke apό toyw elegktέw stiw 11 Dekembrίoy 2001. Όpvw eίnai safέw, apό tiw hmeromhnίew aytέw stoixeioqeteίtai όti den thrήqhkan oi apaitoύmenoi όroi toy nόmoy o opoίow efarmόzontai gia opoiadήpote άllh idivtikή anώnymh etaireίa.

57. Xvrίw na prokatalhfqeί opoiodήpote peraitέrv mέtro poy qa klhqeί na lάbei h Epitropή ejvqoύmenh apό thn en lόgv katάstash se synάrthsh me thn efarmogή tvn άrqrvn 3 parάgrafow 1 kai 5 parάgrafow 6 toy kanonismoύ (EOK) ariq. 2407/92 toy Symboylίoy gia th xorήghsh adeiώn stoyw aerometaforeίw, to zήthma aytό έxei idiάzoysa barύthta gia thn antagvnistikή qέsh poy katέxei h OA sthn agorά kai gia toyw antagvnistέw thw, όtan ejetasteί to gegonόw όti sth dήlvsh tvn elegktώn efistάtai h prosoxή sto stoixeίo όti oi ίdioi pόroi thw etaireίaw έxoyn meivqeί se epίpedo kάtv apό to 50 % toy metoxikoύ kefalaίoy. Sthn pragmatikόthta, όpvw faίnetai gia to oikonomikό έtow 1999, oi ίdioi pόroi (33699706104 draxmέw ή 98,89 ekatommύria eyrώ) antistoixoύn mόliw se posostό 27,8 % toy metoxikoύ kefalaίoy (120947970000 draxmέw ή 354,94 ekatommύria eyrώ). Bάsei toy άrqroy 47 toy nόmoy ariq. 2190/1920, h en lόgv katάstash έxei vw synέpeia na ypoxreoύtai to dioikhtikό symboύlio na sygkalέsei th synέleysh tvn metόxvn gia na apofasisteί h diάlysh thw etaireίaw ή h yioqέthsh άllvn mέtrvn prow anόrqvsh thw xrhmatooikonomikήw katάstashw thw etaireίaw.

H idiaίterh aytή ptyxή prokaleί peraitέrv sobarέw amfibolίew. Gia ton lόgo aytό, emfanίzetai anagkaίa h ejέtash tvn όrvn ypό toyw opoίoyw h OA kai oi qygatrikέw thw etaireίew ήtan se qέsh na ejakoloyqήsoyn na askoύn tiw drasthriόthtέw toyw metά to 1999 xvrίw na lάboyn mέtra anadiάrqrvshw kai se antίqesh me tiw problepόmenew diatάjeiw toy koinoύ emporikoύ dikaίoy. H Epitropή ypenqymίzei όti h katάstash aytή, ektόw toy όti apoteleί parabίash tvn desmeύsevn kai tvn όrvn poy eίxan problefqeί stiw prohgoύmenew apofάseiw, endέxetai epίshw na emperiέxei stoixeίo enίsxyshw (blépe Dikastήrio tvn Eyrvpaϊkώn Koinotήtvn, Ypόqesh Magefesa, C-480/98).

58. To ίdio mporeί na lexqeί(8) sxetikά me to nomikό kai forologikό kaqestώw thw OA kaqώw kai se synάrthsh me thn katάstash tvn plhrvmώn thw prow to ellhnikό krάtow. Apό ta stoixeίa aytά tekmaίretai όti h epixeίrhsh ήtan se qέsh na ejakoloyqήsei na askeί tiw drasthriόthtέw thw toylάxiston apό to 1999 kai metά, xvrίw na symmorfώnetai me tiw ypoxreώseiw poy ypέxei sta forologikά zhtήmata kai sta qέmata thw koinvnikήw asfάlishw allά kai xvrίw na threί tiw ypoxreώseiw thw na ejofleί tiw ofeilόmenew plhrvmέw gia ta aerolimenikά tέlh, tiw eisforέw, ta misqώmata kai tiw epibarύnseiw έnanti tvn diafόrvn ellhnikώn aerolimέnvn allά kai toy idίoy toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw.

59. Όpvw qa epejhghqeί diejodikά sth synέxeia, to shmerinό kaqestώw thw aqέthshw ή toy eteroxronismoύ tvn plhrvmώn gia ta ofeilόmena aerolimenikά tέlh, toyw fόroyw, ta misqώmata, tiw epibarύnseiw kai opoiesdήpote άllew eisforέw stoyw ellhnikoύw aerolimέnew kai έnanti toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw prokaloύn amfibolίew anaforikά me to eάn xorhgήqhkan sthn OA nέew kratikέw enisxύseiw, oi opoίew antibaίnoyn sthn apόfash toy 1998 kai noqeύoyn όpvw eίnai profanέw peraitέrv ton antagvnismό metajύ tvn aerometaforέvn oi opoίoi ekteloύn dromolόgia me proorismό/afethrίa thn Ellάda.

H Epitropή efistά idίvw thn prosoxή tvn ellhnikώn arxώn sthn ejairetikά dysxerή katάstash tvn antagvnistώn thw OA. Se synάrthsh me to qέma aytό gίnetai idiaίterh mneίa thw etaireίaw Axon Airlines (blépe anvtέrv sto shmeίo 42). Allά kai άlloi antagvnistέw, όpvw h Cronus Airlines kai h Aegean Airlines antimetvpίzoyn shmantikέw dysxέreiew, oi opoίew faίnetai όti ofeίlontai en mέrei sto gegonόw όti apό nomikή kai xrhmatodotikή άpoch h OA den antimetvpίzetai me akribodίkaio trόpo apό to ellhnikό krάtow. Gia ton lόgo aytό faίnetai piqanό h trέxoysa katάstash thw OA sto qέma thw ejόflhshw tvn ypoxreώseώn thw έnanti tvn ellhnikώn aerolimέnvn kai toy ellhnikoύ krάtoyw na synistά enίsxysh h opoίa antίkeitai sto koinό symfέron.

A. To nomikό kai forologikό kaqestώw thw OA

60. Sύmfvna me tiw ryqmίseiw seirάw nόmvn, h OA ypόkeitai sthn άmesh epopteίa kai ton έlegxo tvn Ypoyrgeίvn poy έxoyn qespίsei ta dikaiώmata kai tiw ypoxreώseiw thw poy parekklίnoyn rhtά apό toyw proanaferόmenoyw nόmoyw. Epίshw, me tiw diatάjeiw άllvn ellhnikώn nόmvn paraxvroύntai apokleistikά sthn OA forologikά eyergetήmata, ta opoίa den isxύoyn gia tiw idivtikέw anώnymew etaireίew ή gia emporikέw etaireίew opoiasdήpote άllhw morfήw.

61. Oi ryqmίseiw aytέw faίnetai όti enantiώnontai sth dέsmeysh poy eίxe analάbei to ellhnikό krάtow na ejasfalίsei όti:

- apό th skopiά thw diaxeίrishw kai toy kaqestώtow thw [mέrow VII thw apόfashw toy 1994 kai άrqro 1 stoixeίo a) kai g) thw apόfashw aytήw], h OA qa ypaxqeί sto forologikό kaqestώw thw anώnymhw etaireίaw kai qa apotelέsei epixeίrhsh h opoίa diέpetai apό tiw ryqmίseiw toy koinoύ dikaίoy, όpvw akribώw isxύei kai gia tiw ypόloipew koinotikέw aeroporikέw etaireίew, xvrίw na aponέmontai idiaίtera pronόmia ή na epibάllontai perioristikoί όroi,

- den qa parembaίnei sth diaxeίrish thw OA pέran toy aysthroύ orίoy lόgv thw idiόthtάw thw vw metόxoy [άrqro 1 stoixeίo b) thw apόfashw toy 1994],

- qa probeί amέsvw sth lήch tvn anagkaίvn nomoqetikώn mέtrvn gia thn apotelesmatikή efarmogή toy progrάmmatow, όson aforά misqologikά, koinvnikά kai xrhmatooikonomikά qέmata [άrqro 1 stoixeίo st) thw apόfashw toy 1994].

Oi epίmaxew nomoqetikέw diatάjeiw eίnai oi akóloyqew:

62. O nόmow ariq. 2271/94 kai o nόmow ariq. 2602/98

Όpvw eίxe krίnei h Epitropή sthn apόfasή thw toy 1998, ta άrqra 2 parάgrafow 12 stoixeίo a) kai to árqro 4 toy nόmoy ariq. 2271/94 skopόw tvn opoίvn eίnai h efarmogή toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw thw OA den ήtan sygkrίsima me tiw diatάjeiw poy isxύoyn gia kάpoia idivtikή epixeίrhsh se ό,ti aforά th diaxeίrish toy prosvpikoύ. H Epitropή έlabe ejάlloy ypόch thw όti me th diάtajh toy άrqroy 4 parάgrafow 4 toy nόmoy ariq. 2271/94 dόqhke ek nέoy sthn prάjh sthn OA kai tiw qygatrikέw thw etaireίew h idiόthta thw etaireίaw toy dhmόsioy tomέa gia toyw skopoύw thw prόslhchw prosvpikoύ.

63. Idίvw, sto baqmό poy aytό aforά to sύsthma prόslhchw prosvpikoύ, h Epitropή eίxe lάbei ypόch sthn apόfasή thw toy 1998 tiw ryqmίseiw toy nόmoy ariq. 2190/94 anaforikά me tiw dhmόsiew epixeirήseiw kai tiw epixeirήseiw dhmosίoy dikaίoy poy anήkoyn sto dhmόsio tomέa. Oi mόnew apallagέw problέpontai sto άrqro 14 parάgrafow 2 stoixeίo i) toy en lόgv nόmoy gia toyw pilόtoyw thw OA.

64. H Epitropή όpvw anέfere peraitέrv sthn en lόgv apόfasή thw (shmeίo 66) 'th dyskίnhth dioikhtikή diadikasίa poy kaqorίzetai gia to mόnimo prosvpikό poy den antistrateύetai thn eyέlikth dioίkhsh prosvpikoύ, dedomέnoy όti oi anάgkew gia to prosvpikό aytό, synήqvw programmatίzontai ek tvn protέrvn'. Oi en lόgv diatάjeiw toy nόmoy ariq. 2271/94 den έxoyn katarghqeί ή tropopoihqeί mέxri sήmera. Sthn oysίa symplhrώqhkan apό to nόmo ariq. 2602/98 o opoίow aforά thn oloklήrvsh thw efarmogήw toy progrάmmatow anadiάrqrvshw thw OA. Sto άrqro 3 parάgrafow 2 toy nόmoy aytoύ orίzetai όti όlew oi kathgorίew toy prosvpikoύ (iptάmeno prosvpikό, texnikό prosvpikό, prosvpikό epίgeiaw ejyphrέthshw) ypόkeintai stiw diatάjeiw toy nόmoy ariq. 2190/94.

Ap' ό,ti faίnetai, synepώw, h eyelijίa poy ίsxye sto parelqόn gia thn prόslhch toy iptάmenoy prosvpikoύ (kai tvn pilόtvn) katargήqhke. Ejάlloy, den eίnai safέw eάn oi ryqmίseiw toy nόmoy ariq. 2527/97, ston opoίo, όpvw anaferόtan sthn apόfash toy 1998, kaqorizόtan h eidikή diadikasίa prόslhchw idiάzoysaw morfήw (sui generis) gia to epoxiakό prosvpikό thw OA katargήqhkan rhtά apό tiw ryqmίseiw toy nόmoy ariq. 2602/98. Apó ό,ti faίnetai h perίptvsh aytή syntrέxei, efόson ston teleytaίo aytό nόmo den apokleίetai rhtά to epoxiakό prosvpikό apό thn efarmogή tvn diatάjevn toy nόmoy ariq. 2190/94 gia tiw dhmόsiew epixeirήseiw kai tiw epixeirήseiw toy dhmosίoy dikaίoy oi opoίew anήkoyn ston dhmόsio tomέa, me apώtero skopό thn peraitέrv diatήrhsh thw eyelijίaw prόslhchw toy epoxiakoύ prosvpikoύ.

65. Epiplέon, ofeίlei na shmeivqeί όti h diaxeίrish thw OA den ypagόtan stiw ryqmίseiw toy nόmoy ariq. 2190/94 όpvw orizόtan sto άrqro 2 toy nόmoy ariq. 2608/98 poy perilambάnei toyw kanonismoύw yphresiakήw katάstashw toy prosvpikoύ thw OA (prooίmio, parάgrafow 3). Vstόso, efόson h OA apoteleί koinvfelή etaireίa bάsei tvn diatάjevn toy nόmoy ariq. 2414/96, όpvw ejhgeίtai sth synέxeia, ta diaxeiristikά thw όrgana kai idίvw o Dieyqύnvn Sύmboylow kai o Prόedrow toy dioikhtikoύ symboylίoy, o Genikόw Dieyqyntήw, oi sύmboyloi epί genikώn qemάtvn kai oi nomikoί sύmboyloi diorίzontai apό to krάtow. Me tiw en lόgv ptyxέw apomakrύnontai oi όroi prόslhchw poy efarmόzontai apό thn OA peraitέrv apό tiw pάgiew praktikέw toy koinoύ idivtikoύ dikaίoy poy efarmόzontai gia tiw idivtikέw etaireίew ή tiw idivtikέw anώnymew etaireίew.

66. Ejάlloy, ajίzei na shmeivqeί όti o nόmow ariq. 2608/98 perilambάnei sta basikά toy stoixeίa ta xrhmatooikonomikά dedomέna kai tiw problέceiw anaforikά me to prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw gia thn perίodo 1998-2002, me bάsh ta opoίa katartίsthkan oi nέoi kanonismoί gia thn katάstash toy ypallhlikoύ prosvpikoύ. Vstόso, oi en lόgv paradoxέw den antapokrίnontai sto anaqevrhmέno prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw poy ypoblήqhke sthn Epitropή stiw 25 Ioynίoy 1998, prόgramma poy apotέlese to ypόbaqro thw apόfashw toy 1998. Ta xrhmatooikonomikά dedomέna poy perilambάnontai sta basikά stoixeίa toy proanaferόmenoy nόmoy eίnai ychlόtera apό ta stoixeίa poy anafέrontai sto anaqevrhmέno prόgramma anadiάrqrvshw. Vstόso, den anaqevrήqhkan potέ oύtvw ώste na symbadίzoyn me thn apόfash toy 1998. Όpvw faίnetai, synepώw, h OA den tήrhse eίte tiw problέceiw poy perilambάnontan sto nόmo ariq. 2602/98 eίte tiw problέceiw stiw opoίew basίsthke h apόfash toy 1998 sta mέrh 2.5 kai 3.1.1, όpvw ejhgήqhke prohgoymέnvw.

67. O nόmow ariq. 95/76

Όpvw orίzetai sto άrqro 3 parάgrafow 2 toy nόmoy, oi apaitήseiw poy έxei h Trάpeza thw Ellάdaw katά thw OA gia ta dάneia poy xorhgήqhkan apό to krάtow sthn OA apό thn 1h Ianoyaríoy 1975 logίzontai vw apaitήseiw katά toy krάtoyw, oi opoίew dύnantai synepώw na symchfistoύn me opoiesdήpote άllew apaitήseiw poy έxei h OA έnanti toy krάtoyw.

Sto άrqro 3 parάgrafow 3 toy nόmoy orίzetai όti όlew oi symbatikέw ypoxreώseiw poy synomologoύntai apό thn OA gia th metabίbash opoivndήpote stoixeίvn toy energhtikoύ, akinήtvn ή loipώn perioysiakώn stoixeίvn kai idίvw aeroskafώn, kinhtήrvn, elikoptέrvn k.lp., kaqώw kai kάqe άllh symbolaiografikή prάjh apallάssontai apό kάqe symbolaiografikό tέlow ή dikaίvma metagrafήw.

Me to άrqro 4 parάgrafow 2 toy nόmoy problέpetai όti me prάjh toy Ypoyrgikoύ Symboylίoy dύnatai na apofasίzetai katά parέkklish apό tiw diatάjei