ARCHIVES HISTORIQUES 
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COM (84) 206 
 
 
 
Vol. 1984/0102 
  
 
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Conformém ent au règlement (CEE, Euratom) n° 354/83 du Conseil du 1er février 1983 
concernant l'ouverture au public des archives historiques de la Communauté économique 
européenne et de la Communauté européenne de l'énergie atomique (JO L 43 du 15.2.1983, 
p. 1), tel que modifié par le règlement (CE, Euratom) n° 1700/2003 du 22 septembre 2003 
(JO L 243 du 27.9.2003, p. 1), ce dossier est ouvert au public. Le cas échéant, les documents 
classifiés présents dans ce dossier ont été déclassifiés conformément à l'article 5 dudit 
règlem ent. 
In accordance with Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 354/83 of 1 February 1983 
concerning the opening to the public of the historical archives of the European Econom ic 
Communit y and the European Atom ic Energy Communit y (OJ L 43, 15.2.1983, p. 1), as 
amended by Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1700/2003 of 22 September 2003 (OJ L 243, 
27.9.2003, p. 1), t his file is open to the public. Where necessary, classified documents in this 
file have been declassified in conformity with Article 5 of the aforementioned regulation.  
In Übereinstimmung mit der Verordnung (EWG, Euratom) Nr. 354/83 des Rates vom  1. 
Februa r 1983 über die Freigabe der historischen Archive der Europäischen  
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und der Europäischen Atomgem einschaft (ABI. L 43 vom  15.2.1983,  
S. 1), geändert durch die Verordnung (EG, Euratom) Nr. 1700/2003 vom 22. Septem ber 2003  
(ABI. L 243 v om 27.9.2003, S. 1), ist diese Datei der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich. Soweit  
erforderlich, wurden die Verschlusssachen in dieser Datei in Übereinstimmung mit Artikel 5  
der genannten Verordnung freigegeben.  
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
COM(84) 206 final. 
Brussels, 12 April 1984.
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL
ON THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN
COM(84) 206 final.

CONTENTS
pages
I. INTRODUCTION 1 - 3
1. General features
2. Environment
3. Socio-economic problems
4. Scope for action
II. COMMUNITY ACTION 3 - 4
5. Environment policy
III. A STRATEGY AND PLAN OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE
ENVIRONMENT IN THE MEDITERRANEAN (MEDSPA) 5-10
6 .Objectives
7.Short-term measures
8.Long-term measures
9.Financial and staff requirements
IV. CONCLUSION 10 - 11
10. Strategy •
11. Proposal for immediate action
ANNEX I
Water quality and supply  
ANNEX II
Waste management  
ANNEX III
Rational use of land  
ANNEX IV
International action

Contents-  2 -
ANNEX V
Sgec i_f i  £_measure_n°_1
Seminars on the legal, administrative and technical problems encountered  
in implementing Community directives on the management and protection of  
fresh water and sea water.
SE££ill£_!I!££§E££_D2_2
Training course on the management of the water resources of the Mediterra­
nean .
§E££ill£_!I!£§£E££_Q2_Z
Exploiting low-yield aquifers
SE££ili£_!I!£E§EE£_Q2_i
Recycling effluent from purification plant and using it in agriculture in  
order to prevent eutrophication along the Abruzzi coast.
JEe£lli£_!I!£§§y£§_!2-_5
Water supply in Sicily.
§E££ill£_!!!££££!££_D2_§
Greece
§E££ili£_L°§££££_D2_Z
Seminar on the legal, administrative, technical and economic problems  
connected with the integrated management of land and natural resources  
(systematic collection of data on the state of the environment, management  
of the natural habitat, impact studies, etc...).
§E££lll£_!!!£££y££_[!Z_§
Training courses in impact studies and the integrated management of natural  
resources.
§9££ill£_!I!££§£££_DZ_2
Drawing up plans for the integrated management of areas which include typical  
Mediterranean biotopes and are of special importance to the Community.
... /3

- 3 - Contents
§ES£lll£_!D§2§y£I_D2_lQ
Information and public awareness schemes
§Ee£lll£_!!!£§5£!££_D2_ll
Holding a meeting in Brussels of the Contracting Parties to the Action  
Plan for the Mediterranean (APM).
ANNEX VI
Advisory Committee on Environmental Measures in the Mediterranean  
ANNEX VII
Financial record sheet.

COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL ON  
THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN
I.- INTRODUCTION
1.- General features
1.1.- The Community's Mediterranean seaboard stretches
22.000 km out of a total Mediterranean coastline
40.000 km. This seaboard will be lengthened with  
accession of Spain.for some 
of around  
the future
1.2.- The Mediterranean basin is a region with its own characteris­
tic physical, socio-economic and cultural features and Commu­
nity policies will have to take due account of its problems  
and potential.
1.3.- The Mediterranean is a region of key importance for the Com­
munity from the economic, political, historical and cultural  
viewpoints, but it is also assuming greater strategic importance,  
particularly in view of the vigorous economic growth that some  
countries on its southern shores have experienced thanks to  
their oil and natural gas resources.
2.- Envi ronment
2.1. - The ecology of the Mediterranean is already subject to major
strains stemming in particular from the density of the popula­
tion on its shores, growing industrialization in coastal areas,  
rapid - but uneven - growth in tourism and the number of ships  
plying its waters.
2.2. - This has given rise to different forms of pollution, notably :
- microbiological pollution caused by the discharge of waste  
water from urban centres. The water is frequently discharged  
untreated into the sea or rivers which flow into it.
.../2

2
- industrial effluents, the impact of which is more widespread  
because they are more persistent and because they are dumped  
at sea;
- hydrocarbon pollution resulting from leakage from refineries  
and oil depots and discharges from ships or illegal deballas­
ting by tankers.
The effects of these forms of pollution are compounded by the  
fact that the Mediterranean is an enclosed sea with litte  
movement in the body of water.
2.3. - Environmental problems are not, however, confined to the
quality of the water; cases of serious pollution of the at­
mosphere also occur, but these are fortunately more isolated.
Special mention should, however, be made of the growing risk  
of the impoverishment of species, particularly as a result of  
the gradual destruction of wildlife, and the threat to the  
countryside of this region and its cultural heritage.
2.4. - Finally, soil morphology, climate and the scarcity of fresh
water resources are all problems with repercussions on the  
environment of the Mediterranean regions, which can only be  
controlled and resolved by means of land use and management  
techniques.
3.- Socio-economic problems
3.1. - The economic and social problems which arise in most regions
of the Mediterranean have certainly not facilitated the efforts  
of the countries concerned to ensure adequate protection of  
the environment. While it is true that these regions are among  
the least developed in the Community, it is also true that there  
has been rapid growth in certain sectors of economic activity  
such as tourism, transport and oil-related activities. This  
growth has given rise to serious problems which have endangered  
the environment and which must be tackled without delay.
3.2. - If these problems were resolved, this would enhance the role of
the Mediterranean environment as a natural resource which, wisely  
exploited,particularly from the point of view of tourism, could  
help resolve some of the region"s economic and employment diffi­
culties.
... /3

3
4.- Scope for action
4.1. - This state of affairs warrants specific Community action to
protect the environment, particularly in Mediterranean regions  
forming part of the Community, but also throughout the Medi  
terranean Basin.
4.2. - This paper analyses the scope for appropriate action.
II.- COMMUNITY ACTION
5.- Environment policy
5.1. — The action programme of the European Community on the environ
ment (1982 to 1986), adopted by the Commission on 4 October 1982,  
approved by the Council on 17 December 1982 and finally adopted  
on 7 February 1983, makes it plain that the environment should  
serve as a yardstick which determines the limits on socio­
economic development. The programme states further that the  
Community should seek as far as possible to integrate environ­
mental considerations into the planning and development of cer­
tain economic activities so that an overall strategy can be  
devised, notably in agriculture, fisheries, industry and tourism.
5.2. - Considerable importance is attached in the Community action
programme to the "Mediterranean dimension" of Community envi­
ronment policy and to the need for environmental protection  
measures to make an effective and specific contribution to the  
rational management of the resources of this area. Moreover,  
in its Resolution adopting the programme, the Council considers  
that one of the fields in which Community action would be parti­
cularly important is that described as follows :  "Environmental  
protection in the Mediterranean, paying particular attention to  
the specific aspects of that region in implementing the action  
programme".
... /4

- 4 -
5.3. - Finally, environmental considerations must be taken into account
in the development of activities in the fields of agriculture,  
fisheries, energy and industry, particularly in the context of  
measures to help the Mediterranean regions, if we are to avoid  
harmful and unforeseen ecological effects which are often very  
difficult and very costly to eliminate.
5.4. - The Commission proposed a major programme to the Council on
17 March 1983 aimed at the Mediterranean regions (the inte­
grated Mediterranean programmes (C0M(83)24 final)), which is  
currently being examined by the Council. In this context, it  
is important that the measures proposed should contribute not  
only to the protection but also to the improvement of the en-  
vi ronment.
5.5. - The Community is also contracting party to the Barcelona Con­
vention for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea against  
pollution and is participating actively in the work taking  
place under this Convention.
___/5

5
III.- A STRATEGY AND PLAN OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN  
THE MEDITERRANEAN (MEDSPA)
6.- Objectives
6.1. - The strains on the environment of the Mediterranean area stem
not only from difficult ecological conditions and excessive  
concentration of certain economic activities both geographically  
and in terms of the time scale involved, but also from the back­
wardness of the technical and administrative facilities required  
to tackle the often very complex problems that arise.
6.2. - In view of this, a plan of action in this field cannot be con­
fined to certain ad hoc measures but necessitates the implemen­
tation of a gamut of coordinated measures which will create  
conditions to the harmonious development of the region's socio­
economic activities. Such measures should be defined in close  
consultation with regional or local authorities at an appro­
priate level of jurisdiction.
6.3. - In applying this long-term strategy, however, it should not be
overlooked that a rapid solution is needed for certain pressing  
problems. In particular, the results of studies already con­
ducted or in progress will have to be turned to good account,  
existing infrastructure which is not yet being properly utilized  
or is not functioning satisfactorily should be upgraded, and  
speedy and vigorous action should be taken to train those res­
ponsible for management of the environment.
6.4. - The plan of action should be backed up, where necessary, by
specific scientific and technical research measures aimed at  
tackling the region's priority problems. The Community environ­
mental research programme already comprises a series of projects  
dealing with the Mediterranean environment and implemented  
either by the Joint Research Centre of by contract with bodies  
in Member States on the Mediterranean. Such measures should be  
strengthened by concentrating on clearly-defined objectives and  
allocating increased financial resources to them under MEDSPA.
___/ 6

-  6 -
6.5.- Finally, parallel measures are proposed :
- in the short term, to alleviate the more serious and pres­
sing problems on which the relevant Commission departments  
already have sufficient details.
- in the long term, to rectify certain structural deficien­
cies which might in certain cases be at the root of, or 
responsible for, ecological damage.
.../7

7
7«- Short-term measures
7.1. - A number of other specific measures proposed in this paper are
described in the Annexes. These relate to :
- water quality and supply (ANNEX I),
- waste management (ANNEX II),
- rational use of land (ANNEX III),
- international actiqn (ANNEX IV),
- specific measures already formulated in detail and relating  
to specific needs (ANNEX V).
7.2. - These Annexes list the following key fields in which environ­
mental action is clearly necessary :
i. Increase in the availability and protection of water  
resources;
ii. improvement in systems for managing and treating muni­
cipal wastes, sewage, industrial and agricultural efflu­
ents and discharges from ships, in particular hydro­
carbons;
iii. better planning in the field of land use, protection of  
sensitive areas and monitoring of development;
iv. development of Community initiatives under the Action  
Plan for the Mediterranean or cooperation agreements.
.... /8

-  8 -
8.- Long-term measures
8.1. - The measures proposed in paragraph 7 are designed to deal with
only some of the problems affecting the Mediterranean region.
A detailed examination of the whole range of environmental  
protection problems will require the collaboration of the  
States and regions concerned.
8.2. - Such an examination should be based on an overview of existing
environmental problems, an inventory of measures already under  
way and a study of the socio-economic developments envisaged  
in these regions. This preparatory phase should take due account  
of any known requirements and data already available ( 1) if 
duplication of effort is to be avoided.
8.3. - An Advisory Committee should be set up as soon as possible to
help gather the requisite information and advise on matters  
such as the formulation of a long-term strategy, the plan of  
action and any specific measures to be taken. The Committee  
would be chaired by the Commission, which would appoint its  
members after consulting the Member States. The Committee should  
comprise persons with a wealth of experience and excellent tech­
nical knowledge in all the fields of activity covered by the  
plan of action. The Committee's brief and objectives are set  
out in Annex VI.
... /9
(1) In particular, the Blue Plan which forms part of
the Action Plan for the Mediterranean (see Annex IV).

- 9 -
8.4. - As a first step, the Committee would :
i. gather information on foreseeable environmental problems  
and on measures envisaged or under way.
ii. identify any necessary feasibility studies and pilot  
schemes.
iii. choose a group of consultants to draw up more detailed  
proposals on the basis of the information gathered.
8.5. - At a later stage, the Committee could turn its attention to
studying and examining problems requiring the deployment of  
more appropriate fund and which can be resolved only in the  
longer term (see Annex VI).
9.- Financial and staff requirements
9.1.- The funds made available will be limited initially to those  
required for the establishment and administration of the pro­
posed Committee and for the preliminary studies, but in due  
course specific measures of a more concrete nature wilt be  
carried out with more appropriate funds necessary to support  
environmental protection measures within the limits of the  
Community's contribution.

1 0  -
It would therefore be appropriate to enter a new budget heading  
for expenditure incurred under the Action Plan for the Protection  
of the Mediterranean (MEDSPA).
9 2 - The initial financial requirements related to the new budget heading  
are detailed in Annex VII. They amount to 808.400 ECU in the first  
year of the scheme.
9.3. - The Community's contribution to the UNEP Action Plan for the
Mediterranean (see Annex VI, paragraph 2.1.) is currently  
entered under Item 6620, which is more specifically interna­
tional in scope.
9.4. - Furthermore, DG XI would require additional staff to cope with
the organization of the Committee's work and implement the  
measures envisaged. These tasks would be undertaken by one  
A official, one B official and one C official.
IV.- CONCLUSION
10.- Strategy
10.1. - To sum up, the environmental protection in the Mediterranean,
particularly subject as it is to pollution and ecological  
strains due to the concentration of economic activities in a  
narrow coastal belt, will require the identification of the  
particular environmental protection problems of the region  
and the implementation of appropriate proposals.
10.2. - The strategy and plan of action for the protection of the
Mediterranean (MEDSPA) should, however, be formulated in  
close consultation with the relevant authorities in the  
Member States concerned at the appropriate level of juris­
diction in order to devise an overall approach and define  
the specific measures required, such as feasability studies,  
the establishment and strengthening of standards, an evaluation  
of the impact on the environment, vocational training, the
... /11

11
investments and structures required to put these measures  
into practice, and information activities.
10.3.- This strategy and plan of action should make it possible in  
the course of time to identify those measures which could be  
properly integrated into existing or proposed Community  
action or policies and those which do not come within the  
help of other sources of finance. Finally, the ultimate aim  
of these measures is to under line the Community's contribution  
to the Action Plan for the Mediterranean under the Barcelona  
Convention.
11.- Proposal for immediate action
'i'l .'i m- The first step towards formulating such a strategy and plan  
of action would be the implementation of the proposals and  
measures described in the Annexes, notably those in Annex VI  
(Advisory Committee).
11.2. - The Committee's terms of reference and the requisite appro­
priations and staff are set out in Annexes VI and VII.
11.3. - The implementation of the proposed action programme could
begin three months after the appropriations and staff re­
quested have been made available.
In 1984, appropriations available under existing headings  
(Article 251 and Item 6600) will be used. From 1985 onwards,  
a separate budget heading should be entered for this programme  
(Article 665).

Annex I
WATER QUALITY AND SUPPLY
1 .-  y§l££_E!i52yE££§
1.1. - Water supplies are not only one of the essentials for the well­
being of the population but also determine the level of industrial  
development, of agricultural activity and of tourist trade.
Throughout the Mediterranean region, the climate is semi-arid so  
that water is in scarce supply. Precipitation is concentrated in  
a few isolated rain spells with sharp seasonal fluctuation leading  
to correspondingly abrupt changes in the natural water flows - from  
severe low river levels in the summer to perhaps violent flooding  
in early winter and spring. This sharp seasonal variation is  
further aggravated by equally violent changes from one year to  
another.
Against this background, particular attention must be paid to the  
coastal regions where there is regularly an imbalance between the  
surge in demand as the population density increases over the holi­
day season and the available water supply. Finally, the Mediterranean  
islands face difficulties of their own stemming from the inherent  
problem of the limited resources of such isolated places, from  
their small size and from the population influx at certain times  
of the year.
1.2. - This shortage of water resources in the Mediterranean brings out
the need to make rational use of all the exploitable resources  
that can be made available, in other words to strike a balance  
between conservation and exploitation of them.

Annex I
-  2 -
Rational use of resources entails four series of measures :
I.  Improvement of basic knowledge of the resources available
Although, generally speaking, relatively good progress has been made  
on building up the available knowledge on the location and hydrogeo­
logical features of the ground water resources, the systems for  
drawing on these data to plan rational use of the resources still  
lag behind. Very often, up-to-date samples cannot be evaluated accu­
rately for want of precise well maps and for lack of effective super  
vision of the samples drawn off.
II. Training for specialists
One essential if better use is to be made of these resources is to set  
up training centres to stimulate research and education on this subject.
III.  Application of appropriate technology
Technologies designed to reduce water consumption should be employed  
particularly in agriculture, where more efficient methods of irriga­
tion should be introduced and in industry, which should opt for pro­
cesses that allow recycling, re-use or any other method of reducing  
water requirements.
IV. New infrastructure
New infrastructure must be built primarily :
- to regularize natural water flows to ensure that they are used  
more evenly at different times and places;
to provide a choice between surface water and ground water or  
means of combining and coordinating supplies from both these  
sources;.
to recover underground waters discharged directly into the sea.

- 3 -Annex I
1.3.- Another factor limiting the amount of water available in the Medi­
terranean region is that the quality of the resources is deterio-  
rat i  ng.
Before it is possible to get a firmer grip on the problem, know­
ledge of the source, nature and impact of the pollution is needed.
Only then can the areas where action is necessary be pinpointed, a  
clearer picture be obtained of the infrastructure called for in the  
futureCe.g. sewers of sewage treatment plant) and, above all, the  
best possible results be achieved with the infrastructure already  
in place.
2.- Mari_ne_gOi l  lut i_on
2.1. - As a virtually landlocked sea with a large population living along
its coastline, the Mediterranean Sea is exceptionally vulnerable  
to pollution. Industrial and agricultural activities of all kinds  
combined with the continous expansion of the tourist industry have  
all played a part in the steady deterioration in the quality of  
the sea-water, particularly in estuaries and gulfs and near large  
towns and cities.
2.2. - Eutrophication of parts of the sea is the most visible, and un­
sightly, sign of this deterioration, which could lead to a decline  
in the number of tourists visiting the area; in the fish population  
and in the diversity of species living in the sea. Action must be  
taken to arrest the decline and to restore the precarious ecologi­
cal balance.
2.3. - Finally, the clean-up measures conducted by the Community and by
the Member States must deal with activities in the northern Medi­
terranean (i.e. in the Community) which "export" pollution to the  
southern Mediterranean countries.
.... / 4

4 Annex I
3.- Possible paths to a solution
3.1.- Implementation and improvement of the legislation and adminis­
trative procedures
First the Commission should join the Member States to look into  
the legal and administrative problems encountered in the appli­
cation of the Community Directives on freshwater and sea-water.
It should single out areas where financial support from the  
Community - whether from the resources already available or from  
new ones yet to be requested - would help the Member States and  
should map out and carry through development plans designed to  
achieve the objectives set in the Community Directives.
For their part, the Mediterranean countries should do more to  
implement Directive 64/464/EEC, and in particular the rules on  
discharges of List II substances, especially phosphorus compounds  
and nitrogen compounds.This should prove an effective remedy to  
the eutrophication of the freshwater and of the coastal waters,  
a phenomenon which has already alarming proportions, particularly
in the Adri at i  c.
In the specific case of freshwater, the effectiveness of the rules  
on irrigation must be assessed and further measures devised to  
lim -  overexploitation of the groundwater and to curb water con­
sumption in industry and agriculture.
Besides this, the entire Mediterranean area would benefit from  
legislation applying the international conventions on marine pollu­
tion in general and on oil pollution in particular.
../5

- 5 - Annex I
3.2.- Choi_ce_of_i_nvestment_backed
Investment aid from the Community to the Mediterranean regions  
has not always produced the expected results.
In some cases this is because the aid granted was too little or  
came too late. More fundamentally, some of the financial support  
has been piecemeal, poorly coordinated and outside any step-by-  
step programme aimed at specific overall objectives.
In the future, the Community must give priority to financing  
large-scale investment in pilot plants, drawing on all the resources  
at its disposal. It must also check that the national authorities  
in turn make a significant contribution to the projects sponsored  
and are properly equipped to monitor them.
As indicated in Sections 1 and 2, the Community aid must be  
directed towards installing facilities to supply, treat or save  
water, to improve irrigation and to prevent marine pollution.
3.3.- Management^rai_ni_ng
Sewage treatment plants, drinking water abstraction units, water  
supply systems and deballasting stations need skilled engineers  
and technicians to run them properly. Analysts are needed to cal­
culate present and likely future water requirements and to put  
forward a consistent package of corresponding measures. Vocational  
training for specialists at all levels must therefore be an inte­
gral part of the development programme. Special training will  
also be essential whatever planners and managers are required  
for complex water supply systems.
.  / 6

6 Annex I
These training schemes should be financed as one of the new Com­
munity measures on vocational training for environment specialists.
3.4.- Dissemination_of _t he_knowj.edge_accumuj.a j:ed_on_wate r_resources
Several design, planning and research centres in the Community's  
Mediterranean countries are working on water resources. Most,  
though, are too small and lack the resources to mount an effective  
scheme. To remedy this, the Community could support selected insti­
tutes to poet the knowhow on this topic and to disseminate it  
more effectively.
Another way in which the Community could help the Mediterranean  
Member States would be to allow them access to the experience  
acquired in countries with similar problems. The findings made  
in the western USA, South Africa and Israel could all add to their  
understanding of the subject.

Annex II
Waste Management
There is a serious lack of adequate waste management arrangements in the  
Mediterranean region.
1 U r b a n  waste
Uncontrolled tipping and even repeated illegal dumping are, unfortunately,  
relatively widespread practices in the Mediterranean region.
Both have serious consequences and risks for the environment and for  
human health.
Insufficient public awareness of the effects, inadequate or inappropriate  
refuse,col lection systems and facilities and dumping sites ill-suited  
to present-day requirements are the root cause of the problem. What is  
more, the potential of the waste is largely underexploited (for example,  
there is not a single recycling plant in the entire Mezzogiorno and only  
9 % of the waste arising there is incinerated - and without heat recovery  
at that).
Action is urgently needed :
- to create a greater awareness of waste management amongst the public  
at large and the responsible authorities;
- to combat illegal dumping and to create more effective waste collection  
and waste disposal systems;
- to clean up the many ill-suited uncontrolled tips which still exist;
- to encourage more efficient management of waste, which should be re­
used as compost,, fuel or as a secondary raw material.
2.- Industrial wastes
Although the Mediterranean regions indisputably produce far less toxic  
and dangerous wastes than highly-industrialized areas the problem of  
disposing of the wastes safely must not be underestimated.
./2

- 2 - Annex II
Inadequate supervision, misreading of the problem, lack of treatment  
plant in the region and the distance from plant in the industrialized  
regions are all conducive to haphazard waste management in the Mediter­
ranean region — sometimes with disastrous results for the environment.
Steps must be taken to encourage the construction of new treatment  
centres and/or of special tips.
3.- Sewage sludge
Clearly, it is essential for the Mediterranean regions with their sparse  
water supplies to manage their water resources efficiently. Sewage treat­
ment therefore has an important part to play in this regions. But, it  
will simply create fresh problem unless the resultant sewage sludges  
are in turn used adequately.
Bearing in mind that the sludges arising in the Mediterranean region  
generally contain less metal than those form highly-industrialized  
regions and that the Mediterranean is a predominantly agricultural  
region, every effort should be made to ensure the safe use of sewage  
sludge in agriculture.
Consequently, the programmes to bring new sewage treatment farms into  
operation must be accompanied by parallel measures to manage and super­
vise the sludges and to sell them or dump them safely.

Annex III
RATIONAL USE OF LAND
1. - To avoid creating serious problems in the medium to long term, economic
development in the Mediterranean regions must be planned to conserve  
all the diverse components of the environment, each of which is a vital  
resource setting the bounds for all subsequent development.
2. - The action taken by the Community must therefore :
- lay the foundations for rational management of the natural resources  
of the regions concerned; and
- give preference to projects planned to restore the balance between  
the self-regeneration capacity of the environment and the demands  
made on the environment by society and by the economy wherever this  
has been upset by past development.
3. - The following action in particular must be taken to achieve balanced
development of this kind :
3.1.- Description of the state of the natural resources
The idea is to obtain a clear picture of the environment in  
which development programmes are conducted so that their im­
pact can be assessed. Such a description also provides a means  
of pinpointing sites where specific measures must be taken to  
eliminate pollution (e.g. polluted gulfs which depend on the  
fishing or tourist industries or historic sites endangered  
by industrial development).
It could also detect sites with a special type of environment  
which it would be in the interests of the nation, of the Commu­
nity or of the wider international community to conserve and  
which must therefore be protected from all activities that could  
endanger their unique features (wetlands are on example).
./2

-  2 - Annex III
Commission staff have devised a methodological approach to an  
information system on the state of the environment and natural  
resources (known as "ecological mapping") which should prove a  
practical system for collecting comparable data in easily accessible  
form for the responsible authorities.
3.2. - Conservation of reclamation of sites or regional, national or
Community interest
Preventive measures are needed to ensure that the development  
planned cannot cause irreversible damage to these sites or even  
lead to their disappearance forever. A few sites must have total  
protection, thought most could be adequately covered by integrated  
management plans imposing conditions on all economic activities  
there in order to safeguard the self-regeneration capacity of  
the sites. Pilot studies have already been completed with a view  
to paving the way to management plans of this type. Drawing on  
the findings made, work can now start on the most important or  
most threatened sites.
Particular importance must be attached to the growth of the  
tourist industry. Economically beneficial forms of tourism  
which are compatible with the need to conserve the environment  
must be sought.
3.3. - Systematic environmental impact assessments for development
projects
Since the environment in the Mediterranean region as a whole  
is extremely fragile and the natural resources of several parts  
of the region are overexploited, a comprehensive system for  
assessing the environmental impact of all public and private  
projects must be introduced as soon as possible, along the  
lines of the proposal for a Directive submitted by the Commission  
in 1980 and still before the Council.
> Ί >

- 3 - Annex III
Environmental impact assessments should be made for all develop­
ment or land-use plans and programmes.
It is vital to consider the environmental implications at the  
earliest possible stage of the planning and decision-making pro­
cedure in order to avoid damage Later on; prevention almost al­
ways works out cheaper for the Community as a whole than measures  
to cure the damage once it has been done - if still possible.
To attain the results sought, steps must be taken :
- to introduce the appropriate procedures at all levels; and
- to encourage the development of impact assessment procedures  
tailored to the specific problems of the Mediterranean.
At any event, the Commission must play its part and assess the  
likely environmental impact before going ahead with any of the  
Community-sponsored projects and developments programmes which,  
it is thought, might have a major impact on the environement.
3.4.- Training for specialists and dissemination of knowhow
Integrated planning and use of the land and natural resources  
in the Mediterranean undoubtedly raises the questions whether  
the requisite expertise is available and whether the data and  
knowhow on appropriate planning methods are being circulated  
fast enough.·
.... / 4

- 4 - Annex III
The fact that the Community will gradually be insisting that the  
methods are applied to the programmes and projects which it spon·  
sors will generate a demand for the appropriate professional  
skills and provide an incentive to include these subjects in  
future and training jobs.
Needless to say, specific measures must be taken to sustain and  
boost this underlying trend - for example, seminars, specialized  
courses, exchanges and so on could be arranged. Finally, it  
would also be useful to write and distribute handbooks on land  
use and on the management of natural resources.

Annex IV
INTERNATIONAL ACTION  
1 F i e l d  of action
The Mediterranean is of vital interest to the Community, partly because  
oil and gas resources are increasing the importance of some of the  
southern Mediterranean countries and partly because multilateral  
action backed by every country on the sea is the only way to protect  
a landlocked sea such as the Mediterranean.
The Community measures to protect the Mediterranean Sea must therefore  
be extended up to the whole of the region through the intermediary of  
the international organizations working in this field and of the coopera­
tion agreements reached between the Community and the southern Mediter­
ranean countries.
Above all these include :
1.1. - The Action Plan for the Mediterranean, which is split into three
parts :
a) a framework Convention on the protection of the Mediterranean  
Sea against pollution and the four specific Protocols to it -  
one on the prevention of pollution by dumping from ships and  
aircraft, one concerning cooperation in combating pollution  
by oil, one against pollution from land-based sources and one  
concerning Mediterranean specially-protected areas;
b) integrated planning of development and resource management  
in the Mediterranean basin (the Blue Plan and the Priority  
Action Programme (PAP));
c) a coordinating programme of continous monitoring and research  
relating to pollution in the Mediterranean (MED-POL).
1.2. - The bilateral cooperation agreements which the Community has
concluded since 1972 as part of its global environment policy.
'2

- 2 - Annex IV
These include financial arrangements and provisions for joint  
efforts to protect the environment.
1.3.- Specific measures by other international organizations and in  
particular":
UNESCO and its MAB programme, which includes measures to com­
bat sedimentation and erosion with particular emphasis on  
sensitive vulnerable environments, on land/sea subsystems and  
on the impact· of human activities on them;
- the UNDP, which has been funding selected priority projects on  
new sources of energy and on aquaculture.
2Participation by the Community in international activities
2.1. - The Action Plan for the Mediterranean is a multilateral framework
plan which opens up many attractive opportunities for cooperation  
between the Mediterranean countries.
From the outset the Community has played an active part in building  
up and expanding this framework; in addition to its know-how it has  
also provided an important financial contribution, rising from the  
original nominal payment of USS 50.000 to USS 400.000 in 1982 and  
t USS 550.000 in 1983.
The Community's financial commitment must therefore be put on a  
firmer footing and all the requisite political steps taken to  
ensure that this budget operation is recognized as a normal piece  
of procedure.
2.2. - A firmer commitment to the Action Plan for the Mediterranean on
the part of the Community would be warmly welcomed by all countries  
concerned and could well enhance the Community's relations with  
them.
,/3

Annex IV
It would also emphasize the non-Mediterranean Member States' re­
solve to safeguard the Mediterranean Sea which political, economic,  
cultural and tourist ties mark as part of our common European heri­
tage.
2.3.- This commitment could take the form of participation in a wide range  
of scientific work, including :
2.3.1. - A more active contribution to the second phase of MED-POL
(to set objectives for the measures to prevent, reduce and  
combat pollution and to protect and improve the marine  
environment). One way of doing this would be to step up  
the JRC "Archimedes" project on the monitoring of pollu­
tants by remote sensing.
2.3.2. - Detailed research into pollution from land-based sources
and into the mechanisms controlling the spread of pollu­
tion, particularly in estuaries and in the adjacent coastal  
waters. Already the JRC is conducting research into methods  
of forecasting the spread of pollution along the coast.
2.3.3. - Feasibility studies on the prospects for constructing de­
ballasting stations at the ports where they are most  
urgently needed, based on the findings of the recent Com -  
mission study on the need for installations of this type  
in the Mediterranean.
Some of these projects in the Mediterranean region could  
be financed by the Regional Development Fund. For others -  
outside the Community - the Commission could act as a cata­
lyst in the bids to raise funds from the relevant interna­
tional organizations (e.g. CIDIE, UNDP, etc.).
2.3.4. - Closer^collaboration with the authorities responsible for
the Regional Oil-Combating Centre for the Mediterranean  
in Malta, for the Priority Action Programme and for the  
Blue Plan.
Recent meetings between Commission staff and the autho­
rities responsible for the Blue Plan and for the Priority  
Action Programme confirmed ihe advantages of closer coope­
ration m  this field.
.../43

- 4 - Annex IV
2.4.- The talks on the Mediterranean Sea raise deeper issues than environ­
mental affairs alone. The urgent need to combat pollution and to  
conserve the Mediterranean Sea has prompted countries with diffe­
rent politics and economic to forget the existing tensions and work  
together closely. Israel sits at the same table as all the Arab  
countries at the Action Plan meetings.
2.4.1. - Environmental measures in the Mediterranean have not es­
caped the attention of the Soviet Union which has made  
several unsuccessful attempts to secure observer status  
of Action Plan meetings.
2.4.2. - A number of chapters of the Final Act of Helsinki deal
with the problems of the Mediterranean environment.
2.4.3. - The Community bridges bilateral cooperation with the southern
Mediterranean countries and multilateral cooperation under  
the Action Plan for the Mediterranean but has yet to capi­
talize fully on this central position.
The Community could use its good relations with the countries  
on the other side of the cooperation agreements to encourage  
its partners projects amongst the development projects funded  
under these agreements. This would be a significant step  
towards combating pollution of the Mediterranean.
2.4.^.- The Community greatly regrets that political considerations  
preclude cooperation along similar lines to the Lomé Con­
vention with the southern Mediterranean countries. Nonethe­
less the multilateral cooperation allowed by tne Action Plan  
for the Mediterranean presents the Community with an oppor­
tunity to extend its environmental protection measures to  
the southern Mediterranean countries.
'5

- 5 - Annex IV
2.4.5. - The meeting to be held in Brussels in 1984 on cooperation
between the contracting parties to the Action Plan for  
Mediterranean - and at which all the southern Mediterranean  
countries that have concluded bilateral cooperation agree­
ments with the Community are expected to be represented -  
will be an excellent opportunity to work out a coordinated  
environmental strategy for the Mediterranean Sea.
2.4.6. - This will call for close collaboration between all Commis­
sion departments to sound out the prospects for coopera­
tion in different areas and the opportunities offered by  
the Community's existing financial instruments.
2.4.7. - Finally, 1985 will mark the tenth anniversary of the
Action Plan for the Mediterranean.
Provided the outcome of the 1984 meeting in Brussels is  
satisfactory, perhaps the occasion could be celebrated by  
a ministerial-level meeting of the contracting parties in  
Genoa to lend fresh political impetus to the efforts to  
protect the Mediterranean environment by agreeing a  
package of specific measures.

Annex V
Specific measure n° 1
1. Subject
Seminars on the legal, administrative and technical problems encountered in  
implementing Community directives on the management and protection of fresh  
water and sea water.
2. J  ust i  fi cat i  on
Awareness of the importance of protecting freshwater and seawater resources  
makes it necessary to adopt rules to maintain their quality and to prevent  
wastage, in certain social and economic circumstances. National and Community 
standards and regulations impose constraints and it is essential for the  
Commission to have regular and up-to-date information on the effects of the  
implementation of standards, laws or regulations and the extent to which  
they accord with the latest scientific thinking.
3. Results expected
The main purpose of these seminars is to provide information which can be  
used to monitor areas of Community concern where new developments occur  
yearly. They should also help the Member States who have asked for Community  
financial s oport to take advantage of the possibilities provided by the  
resources made available to prepare and carry out improvement schemes which  
help to fulfil the objectives laid down in Community directives.
'  4. Arrangements
These regular seminars would bring together representatives of the autho­
rities, water users, members of the public and, of course, the Commission.  
They would be held on a regular basis (e.g. once a year) and would be re­
latively short (two to three years). An institute with the requisite
...il

-  2 - Annex V
facilities and in a position to contact those people who are asked to  
attend would have to be commissioned to organize these seminars.
5. Costs
- Budgetary heading :  665
- Community contribution :  100 % of the total cost
Cost of each seminar, assuming a total of some 20 participants :
- Travel and subsistence :  ......................  25.000 ECU
Adm
inistrative costs :  ................... ..... 10.000 ECU
35.000 E
CU

- 3 - Annex V
Specific measure n° 2
1. Subject
Training course on the management of the water resources of the Mediterra­
nean.
2. Justification
Work done by the Community to identify requirements in respect of water  
resources management specialists has revealed a clear need for courses  
at European level to train specialists for varying degrees of responsi­
bility. In the Mediterranean regions in particular there is an obvious  
need for highly-qualified people able to take decisions on the management  
of water resources.
3. Results expected
It would be useful to provide courses with a comparative approach, consis­
ting of a number of modular units, each lasting one week, with economic  
support 1 "c candidates from the Community's Mediterranean Countries.
The initial aim of this specific measure is to set up an experimental full-  
scale course lasting one week on a subject of recognized interest not  
currently covered by conventional training courses. One subject of parti­
cular interest would be a study of the various apsects of a Community  
directive on water protection - its preparation, its implementation and  
its effects.
4. Arrangement
The experimental course would involve some 30 people, including lecturers  
and would last one week.
An Institute with the requisite facilities would have to be commissioned  
to organize this training course.

- 4 - Annex V
5. Costs
- Budgetary heading :  665
Community contribution :  100 % of the total cost
Travel and subsistency and lecturers' fees :  ..........  34.000 ECU
Trav
el and subsistence for students :  ......... ........ 20.000 ECU
- 
Administrative costs :  ..............................  10.000 ECU
64.0
00 ECU

- 5 - Annex V
Specific measure n° 3
1. Subject
Exploiting low-yield aquifers locally.
2. Justi fi cat ion
Some of the coastal regions and larger islands of the Mediterranean have  
a fissured granitic sub-soil. This granite rock contains groundwater re­
servoirs which, although they have very irregular yields, can constitute  
an important source of water locally for irrigation or for industrial  
plants. A study should be carried out to determine the size and potential  
of these aquifers.
3. Results expected  
The study should :
list the types of area where these kinds of aquifer occur  
(hydrogeology, depth of the aquifer, type of the rock, flow, etc — );
seLect one representative aquifer;
work ' . u t  a method of approach, taking into consideration the factors  
which govern exploitation of the aquifer;
conduct a cost/benefit analysis comparing the cost of exploitation  
with the present cost of transporting water.
The study shouldprovide all the information required for a decision on  
whether or not to exploit a specific aquifer on which studies have been  
conducted and should determine the methods to be used for aquifers of  
this type in the Mediterranean region.

-  6 - Annex V
4. Arrangements
A firm of consultants selected jointly by the local authorities and the  
Commission would have to be commissioned to carry out the study and would  
be given one year to complete the work.
5. Costs
Budgetary heading :  665
Community contribution :  100 % of the total cost.
Breakdown of total cost :
12 man/months :  ................... . 30.000 ECU
trav
el :  ...........................  7.000 ECU
Repro
duction costs and general expenditure :  3.000 ECU
40.000 ECU

- 7 - Annex V
Specific measure n° 4
1. Subject
Recycling effLuent from purification plant and using it in agriculture in  
orderto prevent eutrophication along the Abruzzi coast.
2. J ust i  fi cat i  on
A preliminary study carried out for the Commission into different ways of  
reducing and if possibLe eliminating eutrophication in the coastal waters  
of the Abruzzi considered three possible solution :
a) treating effLuent and discharging it into the sea through a network of  
five discharges;
b) artificially replenishing the underground aquifers with the processed  
eff luent;
c) recycling the treated effLuent by using it in agriculture.
It is worth studying in greater detail the various technical, health and  
economic tspects of the third of these solutions, possibly in combination  
with the second during periods when irrigation is not required (autumn  
and winter).
3. Results exptected
The object of the study is to :  
analyse the water;
investigate the various problems linked with the use of this water  
in agriculture and the effects it has;
identifiying those areas in the Abruzzi where effluent could be  
re-used in agriculture;

- 8 - Annex V
investigating the position as regards water supplies for agriculture  
in the area;
- devising and studying possible alternative solution during periods  
when little water is required for agriculture (replenishing aqui­
fers, etc.);
- describing the work required and estimating the investment cost.
4. Arrangements
A firm of consultants specializing in chemistry and agronomy would be  
selected jointly by the local authorities and the Commission to carry  
out the study and would be given two years to complete the work.
Budgetary heading :  665
Community contribution :  50 % of the total cost.
Breakdown of the total cost :
3 technical experts for six months at 2.000 ECU/month :  ... 36.000 ECU  
1  chemistry expert for six months at 2.000 ECU/month :  ... 12.000 ECU
1 agronomist for 12 months at 2.500 ECU/month :  ..... 30.000 ECU
1 
hydraulic engineer for 12 months5.Costs
at 3.000 ECU/month 36.000 ECU
Travel 10.000 ECU
Administrative costs 18.000 ECU
142.000 ECU
Commission financial contribution 71.000 ECU.

9 Annex V
1. Subject
Water supply in Sicily.
2. .  J  ust i  f i  cat i  on
At the request of the European Parliament, the Commission has commissioned  
a contractor to undertake a study intended to :
- use the information available to describe the present position as  
regards management of water resources in Sicily, and in particular  
the supply of water for agricultural use;
- work out a number of proposals for action to improve the management  
of water resources with the possibility of a Community financial con-  
t ribut i  on.
It emerged from the study that contributions would be useful in two  
areas :
a) studies of integrated water management systems,
b) feasibility studies and projects to add to existing facilities and  
to build new facilities.
3. Results expected
As regards point a), it will be necessary to coordinate and supplement  
forecasts of water requirements and availability taking every thing  
into account, including cost-effectiveness, and the recycling of and  
savings in water which would help to rationalize the use of this  
resource.
Under b), the object of the study is to determine the additional faci­
lities required to optimize efficiency. It will be necessary here to  
identify priorities for action, particularly regarding supplies of  
drinking water to certain towns.

- 10 - Annex V
These two studies could also be used as models for similar cases in  
other regions of the Community.
4. - Arrangements
A firm of consultants selected jointly by the national and local  
authorities and the Commission would have to be commissioned to carry  
out the study and would be given two years complete the work (1984-85)
5. - Cost
Budgetary heading :  665
Community contribution :  50 % of the total cost
Breakdown of total cost :
48 man/months :  ........................... 120.000 ECU
TraveL :  .................................  15.000 ECU
Administrative costs :  ........................ 20 000 ECU
155.000 ECU
Commission's financial contribution :  77.500 ECU

- 11 - Annex V
Specific measure n° 6 concerning Greece
The following proposals for measures were sent in by the Greek authorities.
1. Cartographic study of soil erosion in the islands of the Aegean Sea
Soil erosion on these islands is a serious problem because it results  
in the loss of large expanses of productive land each year. The pro­
ject would be in two stages :
a) the preparation of geomorphological maps on the erosion process  
in the islands of the Aegean Sea in order to collate information  
on soil, development patterns and the type of erosion, to identify  
the natural and human factors which affect this phenomenon and to  
devise possible ways of preventing it;
b) a pilot project to apply these prevention measures in up to three  
représentâtive islands.
This second stage would take three years.
Estimated cost :  80.000 ECU (DR 6.000.000)
Community contribution :  100 % of the cost.
2. Pilot t':udy on the organization and management of the Thessaly water  
catchment area
The purpose of this study is to set up a kind of "water authority” to  
improve the management of water quality.
Period :  1  year
Estimated cost :  26.700 ECU (DR 2.000.000)
Community contribution :  100 % of the cost.

- 12 - Annex V
3. - Study on the management (treatment and storage) of waste from
pig-rearing in the prefecture of Arta
Because of the Large number of pig units in this prefecture, because of  
the importance of pig-rearing for the regional economy and because of  
pollution problems, a special study must be carried out to :
a) register pig units;
b) assess their economic importance in the prefecture;
c) work out proposals for rational organization (geographical  
dispersal);
d) manage liquid waste by treating and storing it.
Period :  -18 months
Estimated cost :  40.000 ECU (DR 3.000.000).
Community contribution :  50 % of the cost i.e. 20.000 ECU
4. - Technical and economic study of waste from nickel-bearing ore
Study of better methods of disposing of and storing the slag from the  
factory using this ore, and consideration of various alternative solu­
tions.
Period :  1  year
Estimated cost :  13.400 ECU (DR 1.000.000)
Budgetary heading :  665
Total cost :  160.100 ECU
Community contribution :  50 % of the cost i.e. 6.700 ECU  
Commission financial contribution :  133.400 ECU

- 13 - Annex V
Specific measure n° 7
1. Subject
Seminar on the Legal, administrative, technical and economic problems  
connected with the integrated management of Land and natural resources  
(systematic collection of data on the state of the environment, manage­
ment of the natural habitat, impact studies, etc. ).
2 .  J  ust i  f i  cat i  on
The importance of training and the dissemination of knowledge on the  
management of the environment was explained in Annex III, 3.3. It is  
essential for the Commission, therefore, regularly to monitor problems  
arising in this area, wi-th particular emphasis on the extent to which  
the measures decided upon or to be decided accord with the information  
avai table.
3. Results expected
The main purpose of this seminar is to provide information which can be  
used to monitor areas of Community concern where new developments occur  
yearL ' .
.These seminars should also help the Member States who have asked for  
Community financial support to take advantage of the possibilities  
provided by the resources made available to prepare and rarry out  
improvement schemes which help to fulfil the objectives Laid down  
by the Community.
4. Arrangements
These regular seminars would bring together representatives of the  
authorities, land users, members of the public and, of course, the  
Commission. They would be held on a regular basis and would be rela­
tively short (two to three days). An institute or a firm of consul­
tants with the requisite facilities and in a position to contact those  
people who are asked to attend would have to be commissioned to organize  
these seminars.

- 14 - Annex V
5. Costs
Budgetary heading :  665
Community contribution :  100 % of the total cost.
Cost of each seminar, assuming a total of some 20 participants
- travel and subsistence :  ...................  50.000 ECU
- 
administrative costs :  ......................  20.000 ECU
TO
TAL :  ....... ...........................  70.000 ECU

- 15 - Annex V
Specific measures n° 8
!.  Subject
Training courses in impact studies and the integrated management of  
natural, resources.
2. Just ifi cat i  on
Work done by the Community to identify requirements in respect of natural  
resources management specialists have revealed a clear need for courses  
at European level to train specialists for varying degrees of responsi­
bility. In the Mediterranean regions in particular,there is an obvious  
need for highly-qualified people to take decisions on the integrated  
management of land and natural resources (systematic collection of  
data, impact studies, management of biotopes, coastal and mountain  
areas, etc .).
3. Results expected
It would be useful to provide courses with a comparative approach, con­
sisting of a number of modular units, each lasting one week, with economic  
support for candidates from the Community's Mediterranean countries .
The init. L  aim of this specific measure is to set up an experimental  
fullscale course lasting one week on a subject of recognized interest  
not currently covered by conventional training courses. Subjects of  
particular interest could be brief reviews or simulations of impact  
studies on projects of a specific type or plans for the integrated  
management of areas which contain biotopes of Community importance.
4. Costs
Budgetary heading 665
Community contribution 100 % of the total cost
- Travel and subsistence and lecturer's fees 68.000 ECU
- Travel and subsistence for students 40.000 ECU
- Administrative costs 20.000 ECU
TOTAL 128.000 ECU

- 16 - Annex V
Specific measure n° 9
1. Subject
Drawing up plans for the integrated management of areas which include  
typical Mediterranean biotopes and are of special importance to the  
Community.
2. J  ust i  f i  cat ion
As explained in Annex III, 3.3, it is essential immediately to make  
every effort to prevent the irreversible destruction of biotopes of  
Community importance while at the same time allowing any aconomic  
development of these areas compatible with conversation objectives.
The best way of achieving these results is to draw up integrated manage­
ment plans and to impose limits and restrictions on human activity in  
these areas.
The methods required1  to achieve this end have already been the subject  
of pilot studies undertaken by the Commission. These methods have now  
developed to the stage where techniques can be adapted to the various  
features which typify these Mediterranean areas.
In this connection and without prejudice to other similar projects  
already under way or planned as part of other Community measures -  
although at the same time systematically serving to complement them -  
a work programme should be undertaken consisting of two or three pro­
jects a year which will gradually cover all the Mediterranean areas  
containing biotopes of major importance to the Community.
3. Results expected
This work programme should help to
devise management plans for the areas selected which in the near  
future should provide essential information on development schemes  
compatible with conservation objectives in these areas;
supplement, improve and adapt the techniques to be used;
- train a number of specialists;
- disseminate the information acquired during these programmes;

- 17 - Annex V
4. Arrangements
Sites will be selected on the basis of information already obtained by  
the Commission on biotopes and habitats of special Community importance  
taking particular account of the requests of the Member States concerned  
and the extent to which they are prepared to implement the plans devised.
Institutes and firms of consultants selected jointly by the national  
authorities responsible and the Commission would be commissioned to  
prepare these plans.
Work on each plan should not take longer than two years, although this  
will also depend on how much information is already available.
5. Costs
Budgetary heading :  665
Community contribution :  75 % of the total cost of two projects each
year.
120 man/months ' ........................  150.000 ECU
Tr
avel ................................. 30.000 ECU
Administrative costs .....................  20.000 ECU
TOTAL
 ........................   200.000 ECU
Community 
financial contribution ........... 150.000 ECU

18 “ Annex V
Specific measure n° 10  
Information and public awareness schemes
It would be useful, in conjunction with the Action Plan for the Mediter­
ranean, to contribute to Mediterranean information and public awareness  
campaigns to tell members of the public about the environment, threats  
to the environment and what can be done to conserve it; in order to en­
courage them to take responsibility for managing and protecting the en­
vironment.
The campaign would consist of :
publication and distribution of a pamphlet designed to tell the public  
about the dangers threatening the Mediterranean and to encourage the  
formation of habits which will protect and improve it;  
.................................................. 10.000 ECU
participation in information campaigns organized by the media (news­
papers, exhibitions, ect.); ......................... 10.000 ECU
financial contribution to symposia, seminars, meetings of those  
responsible for managing the environment, administrators and Local  
authorities on technical aspects reLating to the protection of the  
Mediterranean environment; ......................... 10.000 ECU
organizing an "Annual Mediterranean Day" in conjunction with the  
Action Plan for the Mediterranean, the EEB and the local autho-
rities;  .....-...................................  10.000 ECU
pro
viding information for schools in the countries concerned  
.................................................. 10.000 ECU
T0TAL ....................................    50.000 ECU
Co
mmunity contribution :  100 % of the total cost.

- 19 - Annex V
Specific measure n° 11
Holding a meeting in Brussels of the Contracting Parties to the Action  
Plan for the Mediterranean (APM)
1. - In accordance with decisions taken at the last meeting of the Contrac­
ting parties in Dubrovnik, a meeting is to be held in Brussels at the  
beginning of 1984 to study the contribution made by bilateraL and multi­
lateral Mediterranean programmes to the objectives of the APM.
2. - Advantage should be taken of this initiative by close cooperation
between the Directorates-General for the Environment, External Rela­
tions, Development and Fisheries.
There are several advantages to holding the meeting in Brussels :  
linking the APM and bilateral cooperation
providing an opportunity for the Directorates-General and depart­
ments involved in bilateral cooperation fo familiarize themselves  
with the problems of protecting the Mediterranean environment.
impi ving awareness of the problems and needs of the APM countries  
and considering ways in which the Community can help.
3. - The cost of the meeting will be included in the Community's annual
contribution to the APM (currently budgetary heading 662).

Annex VI
Advisory Committee on Environmental Measures in the Mediterranean
1. Description and aims
As part of Community policy on measures to protect the environment in  
the Mediterranean basin, it would be desirable to set up a Committee  
comprising nationals of the Member States who are highly qualified  
experts in the filed of environmental protection.
2. Brief
The Committee's brief would be to assist the relevant Commission de­
partments and authorities in the Member States to define and imple­
ment the measures referred to above. It is proposed that the Committee's  
term of office should be five years and that it should be renewable by  
Commission decision.
2.1. Specific tasks
The Committee would advise the Commission and the Member States  
on the kind of information to be gathered, the studies to be  
carried out, the strategy to be adopted and the criteria for  
selecting specific projects to be implemented with a view to  
ensuring rational management of environmental resources in the  
Mediterranean region.
2.2. Management techniques
At the same time, the Committee should make use of the information  
available to develop integrated management techniques for dealing  
with complex environmental systems. This would assist those res­
ponsible to make existing infrastructure works more effective and  
rationalize programmes for new infrastructure works. It would  
thus be easier to estimate the resources available for this  
purpose and gauge the needs to be met, while at the same time  
avoiding duplication of effort and operational deficiencies re­
sulting from poor distribution of the resources as between the  
various investment projects taken into consideration.

-  2 - Annex VI
2.3. Evaluation of the results
At the request of the Commission or the Member States, the Committee  
would evaluate the results of programmes already implemented or in  
progress. It could then recommend the conclusion of study or consul­
tancy contracts.
2.4. Cooperation with other Advisory Committees
The Committee should cooperate with other Advisory Committees set  
up by the Commission, for example those dealing with pollution  
of the sea by hydrocarbons and with waste management. It should  
also exchange information of mutual interest with groups whose task  
it is to devise and review the integrated Mediterranean programmes.
3. Composi ti on
The Committee would be chaired by a representative of D6 XI appointed  
by the Member of the Commission responsible for the environment. DG XI  
would also provide Secretariat services. The Committee would comprise  
a maximum of twelve highly-qualified experts on the matters referred to  
in Annexes I to IV. Greece, Italy and France would provide two experts  
each and non-Mediterranean Member States one each. These experts would  
be appointed by the Commission after consultation with the Member States.
The appointments would be for five years. If, however, Spain and/or  
Portugal should become members of the Community during this period,  
the Commission may appoint additional members.
Representatives of DG V, VI, XII, XIV and XVI would be involved on a  
permanent basis in the Committee's work. The Committee could decide  
to enlist the help of independent experts or representatives of other  
Commission departments and could set up specialist groups from its  
midst.

- 3 - Annex VI
4. Operation and resources
The Committee would hold two to four meetings a year, including those  
of any specialist groups. The necessary appropriations should be made  
available to cover its administrative costs.
The Committee could recommend that studies or expert reports be carried  
out, and funds should also be made available for this purpose.

Annex VII
FINANCIAL RECORD SHEET
i.  Budget heading concerned  
1984
Basic studies relating to environmental protection
Chapter :  66
Article :  660
Item :  6600
and
Cost of committee meetings  
Chapter :  25
Article :  251
1985/1988
New budget heading  
Chapter :  66
Article :  665
TitLe .  Specific measures relating to environmental protection
in the Mediterranean basin
and
Cost of committee meetings  
Chapter :  25
Article :  251

-  2 - Annex VII
2. - Legal basis
Resolution of the Council and of the representatives of the governments  
of the Member States, meeting within the Council, of 7 February 1983,  
on the continuation and implementation of a European Community policy  
and action programme on the environment (1982 to 1986) (OJ C 46,
17 February 1983).
3. - Proposal to classify expenditure as non-compulsory
In accordance with the annex to the Joint Declaration, as for all other  
expenditure in Chapter 66.
4. - Description and grounds
4.1. - Object i_ves
Formulation of a range of coordinated measures in the filed of  
environmental protection of the Mediterranean basin to create  
conditions conducive to a harmonious development of socio-economic  
activities in the region.
4.2. - Persons_concerned
Mediterranean regions of the Community.
5. - Nature of the expenditure and method of calculation
5.1.- Nature
In 1984, the expenditure relates mainly to the cost of studies  
and consultancy; for 1985/1987 expenditure relates to the organi­
zation of seminars, training courses for specialists, pilot  
schemes.
5.2.-Calculation

-  3 - Annex VII
§ü^2£i_ii2a .£_12§i!:
1. Operating costs for the Committee
Article 251     20.000 ECU
2. Costs of studies (6 contracts)
Item 6600   300.000  ECU
3. Consultancy costs (3 consultants to prepare  
specific proposals for the protection of the  
Mediterranean basin and to keep these projects  
under review)
Item 6600   60.000 ECU
• ■
380.000 ECU
Budcjet_year_22§3
New budget Article :  665
1. Specific measure n° 1  .....................  35.000 ECU
2. S
pecific measure n° 2 .....................  64.000 ECU
3.
 Specific measure n° 3 .....................  40.000 ECU
4. S
pecific measure n° 4 .....................  71 .000 ECU
5.
 Specific measure n° 5   77.500 ECU
6. Specific measure n° 6     133.400 ECU
7. Specific measure n° 7   70.000 ECU
8. Specific measure n° 8   128.000 ECU
9. Specific measure n° 9   150.000 ECU
10. Specific measure n° 10     50.000 ECU
TOTAL ...................................   808.400 ECU
11
. Operating appropriations for the Committee
(Item 251)   25.000 ECU
TOTAL 1985   833.400 ECU

- 4 - Annex VII
Budaet year 1986
Article 665 ...................................  1.000.000 ECU
(t
o be allocated according to the development of measures  
and applications from Member States).
Budget year 1987
Article 665 ...................................  2.000.000  ECl
(t
o be allocated according to the development of measures  
and applications from Member States).
§ydcjet_year_22§§
Article 665 ...................................  1.000.000 ECU
(t
o be allocated according to the development of measures  
and applications from Member States).
6.- Financial implications of the measures on the intervention  
appropri at i  ons
6.1. - As these are non-differentiated appropriations, there is no need
for a schedule of amounts of and due dates for commitments and  
payment s.
6.2. - Community financing percentage of total cost of the measures :
100 % in 1984.
With the regard to the specific measures envisaged in 1985, the  
Commission's contribution varies between 50 / and 100 % of the  
total cost of the measures with an average of 77 %. This percen­
tage should be reduced from financial year 1986 onwards.

- 5 - Annex VII
7. - Observâtions
8. - Financial implications for staff and current administrative
appropriât i  ons
8.1.- Staff required to carry out the projects and appropriations to  
cover this staff.
1  A7 .................. ....... 21.370,81 ECU
1 b3
 ................ ........ 18.644,82 ECU
- l
 c5 ......... ........ ....... 11 .328,50 ECU

-  6 - Annex VII
These amounts take account of salaries (Chapter 11) for the  
second half of 1984 and recruitment expenses (Chapter 12).
The implementation of the Action Plan for the protection of the  
Mediterranean will involve the following tasks :
f2I_itl§_2£3de_A_of f i_c i_a l :
- Regular contacts with national authorities in the countries  
concerned and organization of the advisory committee's work.
- Negotiation, conclusion and review of preliminary study  
contracts and pilot schemes.
- Participation in the work of international bodies active in  
the environmental protection of the Mediterranean.
F 0£_ t h e_2 r a de_B_o f f i_a j .
- Organization of meetings of the advisory committee and the  
Secretariat of the committee.
- Administration of study contracts and pilot schemes.
£or_t he_grade_C_of f c i_a l .
- Typing and filing work.
8.2.- Administrative appropriations required
These appropriations to be included in the Commission's overall  
request for funds.