TEXTS ADOPTED
1. Enlargement of the European Union
A5-0250/2000
European Parliament resolution on the enlargement of the European Union (COM(1999) 500 /dash
C5-0341/2000 /dash 2000/2171 (COS))
The European Parliament,
kdash having regard to the Commission’s composite paper relating to the reports on progress towards acces-
sion by each of the candidate countries (COM(1999) 500 kdash C5-0341/2000),
kdash having regard to Rule 47(1) of its Rules of Procedure,
kdash having regard to the contributions of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (2000/2057/
INI), the Committee on Legal Affairs and the Internal Market (2000/2120/INI), the Committee onIndustry, External Trade, Research and Energy (2000/2149/INI), the Committee on Employment andSocial Affairs (2000/2121/INI), the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Pol-
icy (2000/2080/INI and 2000/2081/INI), the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development
(2000/2122/INI), the Committee on Regional Policy, Transport and Tourism (2000/2123/INI and2000/2124/INI) and the Committee on Women’s Rights and Equal Opportunities (2000/2125/INI),
kdash having regard to the report of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, Common Security
and Defence Policy and the opinions of the Committee on Budgets, the Committee on Budgetary
Control, the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, the Committee on Citizens’ Freedoms
and Rights, Justice and Home Affairs, the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, the Commit-tee on Fisheries and the Committee on Culture, Youth, Education, the Media and Sport (A5-0250/2000),
A. whereas the unification of a Europe which was divided by the Soviet occupation of Central and East-
ern Europe in an area of peace, security, prosperity and stability remains the historic task of the
European Union and the overarching goal of its policies,
B. whereas overcoming economic and social differences between the current Member States and the
future Member States is the most significant challenge for the Union, which can be met only through
cooperation among all Member States on a footing of equal rights and through common solidarity,
C. whereas, both for the current Member States and for the candidate countries preparing to join, enlar-
gement offers advantages in terms of strengthening the area of freedom, security and justice, providing
a boost to economic growth and attracting investment from outside, thereby strengthening Europe’splace in the world,
D. whereas the Helsinki European Council reached a similar conclusion to the European Parliament con-
cerning the opening of accession negotiations with all the candidate countries from Central and East-ern Europe and has thus eliminated their division into two groups,
E. whereas the conclusions of Helsinki have underlined the principle of full differentiation within the
negotiation process and thus emphasised that each country ought to be judged according to its own
progress and merits,
F. whereas the changes taking place in the candidate countries have led to social problems and in parti-
cular to marked social stratification and in some cases high unemployment,
G. whereas accession to the Union requires not only a political decision but also involves fundamental
legal and political adaptations in the candidate countries,C 178/112 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
H. whereas therefore the pre-accession strategy remains an important part of the overall accession pro-
cess, including as its guiding principle the fulfilment of the political, economic and acquiscriteria of
Copenhagen,
I. whereas progress in negotiations must go hand in hand with progress in incorporating the acquisinto
legislation and actually implementing and enforcing it,
J. whereas the Union Member States have the duty of swiftly laying down and implementing the reforms
required for enlargement,
K. whereas enlargement is not a one-way process of duties and responsibilities, but also requires the EU
and its Member States to make substantial efforts to prepare for the impact of an enlarged Union,
both in its sectoral policies and their implementation and in the way in which it organises itself,
L. whereas if the forthcoming enlargement of the Union is to succeed, fundamental reforms are needed,
in particular greater transparency and closeness to the citizen, an active policy to overcome highunemployment, convergence of social standards, and Union funding procedures based on solidarity,
M. whereas simultaneously with the on-going enlargement process, the EU should develop a wider pan-
European cooperation by taking into account the situation in the Balkans, the relations with Russia
and Ukraine, the Northern dimension as well as the challenges of deepening cooperation in the Med-
iterranean,
N. whereas, pursuant to Article 49 TEU, Parliament must give its assent to any enlargement by an abso-
lute majority of its component members; whereas this responsibility implies the fullest appraisal of the
outcome of the accession negotiations,
1. Welcomes the progress made in the accession negotiations with all candidate countries and calls on
the Commission and the Council to ensure that the principle of differentiation is fully implemented in the
negotiation process so that each acceding country can be treated as an individual case according to theprogress that it has achieved;
2. Reiterates its view that the Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) must strengthen the institutional
framework of the Union and make it more efficient, transparent and democratic, thus enabling the
Union to be ready from the beginning of 2003 to enlarge without endangering the deepening of the
Union; ideally the ongoing IGC will be the fínal one before the first wave of candidate countries isaccepted into the Union. As a minimum, the European Council should immediately rule out the possibility
that any further institutional reforms are considered as preconditions for enlargement; calls for the candi-
date countries to be involved to a greater extent in the discussions on the decisions to be taken at theConference;
3. Insists that after the conclusion of the Intergovernmental Conference, a clear accession scenario
should be established, based on a detailed assessment of the countries’ performances; proposes that the
EU institutions, the Member States and the candidate countries with which negotiations have been started,
do everything in their power to ensure that the European Parliament can give its assent to the first acces-sion treaties before the European Parliament elections in 2004, in order that these countries might have
the prospect of participating in those elections, and to the subsequent treaties during the course of the
next parliamentary term;
4. Emphasises that transition periods are necessary but that it is very important to keep them as short
and limited as possible in order not to endanger the cohesion of the EU and the proper functioning of thesingle market; these transition periods should be tailored to the needs of individual candidate countries,
enabling them to adjust at a controlled and measured pace to the rigours of a competitive market econ-
omy;
5. Calls on the Commission to maintain the momentum of the pre-accession strategy with all candidate
countries and highlights the importance of the activities being undertaken within that strategy; this should
enable each candidate country to match the commitments given in the negotiations with tangible results,
in particular as regards building the administrative infrastructure for the implementation and enforcementof the acquisin the future member states;22.6.2001 EN C 178/113 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
6. Calls on the candidate countries to make further efforts to strengthen their administrative capacities
for implementing and enforcing the EU acquisin advance of accession and for the uptake of aid;
7. Notes that, although legislative measures have been adopted in some cases, rules and regulations
governing the audiovisual media and intellectual property are still way out of step with the acquis commu-
nautaireand/or need to be aligned with the requirements of the acquis;
8. Calls on the Commission to ensure that award procedures for EU-funded projects in the candidate
countries conform to the same high standard of regularity, transparency, and dispatch as in the EU itself,thereby guaranteeing that resources will be put to proper use;
9. Calls on all candidate countries to continue building up effective financial control and audit proce-
dures in order to thoroughly monitor the use of the pre-accession funds;
10. Expects the candidate countries to take all necessary measures in the fight against corruption and
organised crime and supports their efforts in this area;
11. Notes that despite progress in the reform of the courts and the police forces in the candidate coun-
tries, significant improvements are still needed in terms of the way in which democracy operates, theindependence of the judiciary, coordination between departments and the qualifications of officials, for
example in the fight against economic and financial crime;
12. Recalls that pursuant to Article 49 TEU and the Copenhagen criteria, candidate countries must
satisfy in full the requirements concerning respect for democracy and human rights and incorporation of
theacquis communautaire ;
13. Considers reform of the Dublin Convention to be an important element of the EU’s internal pre-
parations for enlargement because it is needed in order to prevent a disproportionately high number of
applications for asylum being made in the future Member States on account of their geographical location;
14. Points out that adoption of the EC acquisin the area of equality is a sine qua non for accession since
it is a question essentially of human rights and that the necessary institution building in this area is a vitalpre-requisite to full implementation of the acquis;
15. Emphasises that minorities in candidate countries should be treated in full compliance with the
principles set out in the conventions of the Council of Europe, the UN and the OECD. In particular, the
rights and treatment of those groups cited in Article 13 EC should be taken into account when assessingthe fulfilment of the Copenhagen criteria;
16. Calls on the Commission to make sufficient PHARE funds available to help the candidate countries
to tackle Roma-related and child protection problems by enhancing national PHARE-funded programmeswith a multi-country programme which should be administered in close association with the Roma com-
munities and local authorities, and in cooperation with other European organisations;
17. Welcomes the fact that the Commission has developed and is implementing an information strategy
on the benefits of EU enlargement but points out that it must also assign the necessary staff to the depart-
ments concerned; invites the candidate countries and the Member Sates to coordinate their own informa-tion campaigns; believes that for an effective public debate to take place, greater transparency and demo-
cratic control of accession negotiations are needed; therefore calls upon the Council and the Commission
to provide for timely information and adequate consultation of Parliament on the progress of negotiations;
18. Is considering to this effect the possibility of opening European Parliament information offices in
the capitals of the candidate countries in cooperation with the Commission offices in order to support theprocess of public debate on questions relating to EU accession;C 178/114 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
19. Supports the Commission’s attempts to deal with the particular problems of structurally weak bor-
der regions on both sides of the frontiers now separating the fifteen Member States and the candidatecountries and thus prevent socio-economic and political fault-lines from posing a long-term obstacle to
accession and integration;
20. Calls on the candidate countries to seek more actively to cooperate among themselves and set up
regional cooperation machinery; calls on the Commission to bolster existing moves to foster such coopera-tion and provide the resources required to fund it;
21. Underlines the significance of enlargement for the economy of the current Member States, the fact
that the political and macroeconomic gains of enlargement will more than meet the extra costs of enlarge-
ment for those Member States, and that the EU already now enjoys from a growing trade surplus with the
candidate countries;
22. Emphasises that acceptance of the provisions laid down regarding Economic and Monetary Union
rules out any possibility of opting out and represents a commitment to a global, irreversible political
project, which necessarily presupposes real economic convergence and an approach to EMU which does
not mean mere membership of a currency area but which entails genuine coordination of economic andsocial policies;
23. Considers that the independence of the Court of Auditors or its equivalent in each candidate coun-
try must be safeguarded and that, prior to accession, it must be granted and guaranteed the means of
enforcing its findings; encourages the continuation and furthering of the contacts between the institutions
responsible for financial control in the candidate countries and those in the Member States; encourages thedevelopment of the twinning programmes in the framework of technical assistance, in accordance with the
needs expressed by the candidate countries, and the continuation of the seminars organised by the Com-
mission; expects the candidate countries on accession to do their utmost to achieve the same level ofprotection of the EU’s financial interests as that provided by the 15current Member States; expects the
candidate countries to become fully involved as of now in combating fraud affecting the financial interests
of the European Union and to ensure that the introduction, as soon as possible, of systems aimed atcombating fraud appears in their national programmes for the adoption of the acquis communautaire
(PNAA, revised annually); considers that those candidate countries which have not yet done so shouldsign and ratify as soon as possible the international conventions and protocols on protection under crim-inal law; expects the candidate countries to carry out, before their accession, the reforms necessary for thesmooth operation of the system of collecting own resources and adopt the harmonised calculation of GNP;
24. Considers that existing budget commitments will prove insufficient to ensure success in the long
term of this historic enlargement unless there is either a radical reform of existing expenditure policies,
such as the CAP, or a review of its own resource ceilings;
25. Points out that the enlargement will strain the EU budget, but can clearly remain within the own
resources ceiling of 1,27% of the GNP for payments until 2006; stresses the need to finance the enlarge-ment within the framework given by the Interinstitutional Agreement of 6 May 1999(
1);
26. Urges the Commission to take into consideration the budgetary consequences of an enlargement
which takes place other than as expected in 1999 by the Berlin European Council and by Parliament, in
particular as regards the dates of accession and the order in which the candidate countries will join theUnion; requests the Commissionto develop scenarios for the adjustment of the Financial Perspective (use of
heading 8), in particular for the case in which more than six new Member States join the EU before 2006,
and for the case in which the first candidate countries join the Union later than 2002; urges the Commis-sion to examine the economic and budgetary consequences of enlargement beyond the period of thefinancial framework 2000-2006, which was based on the assumption of six Member States joining the
Union; points out that the next long-term budget calculations will have to be made on the basis of full
participation by up to 13 new Member States, which will inter alia require that agricultural and regionalpolicies have been completely reformed;
27. Underlines the importance of other political, cultural, social and economic aspects of enlargement,
which are difficult to estimate in figures, such as positive effects on competition, environment, democracy
and peace, a prospect of increased growth and of a single currency for the biggest common market world-wide (in the longer term); calls on the Commission to draw up a report on the ‘cost of non-enlargement’;
(1) OJ C 172, 18.6.1999, p. 1.22.6.2001 EN C 178/115 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
28. Proposes that the prospect of participation in a new European area based on trade, security, protec-
tion of the environment and fundamental rights be opened up to countries with which accession is notbeing negotiated at present; participation in such an area must not preclude eventual membership of the
EU;
29. Intends eventually to deliver opinions separately on the Member States’ position papers and the
provisional outcome of the negotiations;
Convergence and stability in the countries which are candidates for enlargement
30. Stresses that the initial years following accession will mean a major challenge for the economies of
the new Member States, particularly as a result of the inevitable changes which will affect their financial,economic and social structures, and that the phase of adoption of the euro, which will bring its ownconstraints, represents a subsequent stage in the successful transition to a market economy in accordance
with the Copenhagen criteria;
31. Notes the apparently beneficial effects of the various policies for reducing inflation and anchoring
exchange rates already carried out in many candidate countries, but emphasises the need for pragmaticapproaches to be adopted in order to allow the appropriate adjustments, to ensure that reform is carried
out gradually and in a sustainable way during the pre-accession phase and to safeguard the credibility of
the currencies in the medium term, and encourages a policy of preventing risks of external imbalances andexchange rate crises;
32. Notes that full participation within EMU including voting rights can only occur after compliance
with all the Treaty’s provisions, but recognises nevertheless that some candidate countries may want to
move further and faster towards imposing the rules and reaping the advantages of EMU;
33. Calls on the Commission to carry out a detailed assessment of progress in respect of the Copenha-
gen economic criteria, including the criteria of a functioning market economy, a stable legal framework forthe economy, and the reform of business law and of the arrangements for state aid;
34. Stresses the need to strengthen banking and financial systems, in particular by means of interna-
tional cooperation in order, inter alia, to improve the reliability of banking supervision; furthermore, advo-
cates the development of tools such as credit information centres (central checking of risks) in order inparticular to reduce discrimination against small and medium-sized businesses with regard to access tofinance;
35. Calls on the Commission to consider, depending on the individual country, the introduction of
transitional periods for the liberalisation of capital movements, in particular short-term capital movements,in the same way as for the free movement of goods and persons, emphasising the significant risks of
financial instability for banking systems and for the real economy;
36. Proposes the introduction of an institutionalised framework to encourage, during the pre-accession
phase, exchanges of information between ministries of finance and central banks of the candidate countriesand the competent institutions of the Union; this could take the form of periodic meetings on the occasionof meetings of the Economic and Financial Committee and the Economic Policy Committee, at which
‘pre-convergence programmes’ would be presented on the basis of harmonised indicators and statistics;
the Commission would report periodically to Parliament on the results achieved in the implementation ofsuch programmes;
37. Advocates, in the light of the exceptional needs of these countries with regard to infrastructure, the
development of human resources and the environment, that public investment expenditure be identified inthe assessment of the management of their public finances, observing that there is a significant budgetarymargin of manoeuvre in the majority of these countries as a result of markedly higher growth rates than in
the European Union;
38. Calls on the authorities of the candidate countries which have not already done so to introduce, as
soon as possible, exchange rate policies linked to the euro and to examine in detail, together with theauthorities of the European Union, the challenges and risks posed by the partial monetary integration
which will result from the increasing use of the euro as a parallel currency;
39. Calls on the Commission to report to it twice a year on the progress of the negotiations, and asks
that the mutual provision of information in particular by the parliaments of the Member States and of thecandidate countries be strengthened;C 178/116 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
State of legislation in the candidate countries and its implementation in areas relating to the single
market
40. Will assume its full responsibility, in ratifying each accession agreement, not only for the operation
of the internal market but also for the social and economic situation in the EU and in the candidate
countries, and reserves the right to carry out an independent review of compliance with the Copenhagencriteria and the appropriateness, in terms of Parliament’s expectations, of the agreements concluded;
41. Recalls that the Copenhagen European Council made ‘the capacity to cope with competitive pres-
sure and market forces within the Union’ a precondition for membership; notes in this connection that theGDP of the candidate countries still amounts to only 7% of the GDP in the EU-15, even though theirpopulation is 21% of that in the EU; is fully aware that the opening of a single market among regionswith such widely differing structures is an undertaking unprecedented in economic history; calls on theCommission to submit a detailed economic analysis to enable it to assess this criterion;
42. Considers that the progress of economic integration should be guided in an intelligent manner
which does justice to the problems, in order to avoid rejection on either side; regards the transitionalarrangements as a flexible and appropriate instrument for avoiding convergence problems, particularly as
regards the free movement of workers and services; calls on the Commission to ensure, in the framework
of the accession strategy, that the level of State aids remains close to that allowed under the acquis;
43. Warns against underestimating the effects of the emerging division of labour between the current
Member States and the candidate countries; is convinced that the accompanying acceleration of structural
change will result in a ‘win-win’ situation benefiting both sides; however, regards it as a responsibility of
the EU to cushion the effect of market integration problems (e.g. in particular industries or border areas),as was done through the Integrated Mediterranean Programmes at the time of the enlargement to theSouth;
44. Emphasises that there is a direct link in the internal market between granting fundamental freedoms
and compliance with minimum standards, e.g. in the fields of social security, the environment, consumerprotection, health and competition; calls in consequence for due account to be taken of this link in the
accession negotiations in order to prevent economic and social distortions;
45. Welcomes the progress made in adapting the legal systems of the candidate countries to EU single
market provisions and calls on all candidate countries not to relax their efforts in this direction; calls on
the Commission to use the scoreboard to monitor effective transposition of European directives in nationallegislation when the candidate countries accede;
46. Insists that the adoption of EU law will only satisfy European requirements if it is effectively
enforced on a regular basis by administration, legal controls, market supervision etc.; is very concernedabout the deficits in this area, which must at all costs be eliminated before accession takes place;
47. Considers an efficient judicial system with independent courts, a sufficient number of trained judges,
judgments given in a reasonable time and enforceability of judgments as one of the essential preconditionsfor the candidate countries’ entry into the internal market, because the equitable protection of the rights of
economic operators is essential in the interest of fair trade; notes that the candidate countries have much
ground to make up in guaranteeing legal certainty;
48. Sets particular store by the Copenhagen criterion of ‘guaranteeing … the rule of law’, which natu-
rally rules out any discrimination against EU citizens through laws currently in force; refers in particular tothe freedom of establishment and the freedom to purchase land;
49. Is concerned about the lack of transparency in accession negotiations in the field of the internal
market both towards the public and towards the European Parliament and national parliaments; fears, in
view of the immense implications of the decisions to be taken, that there will therefore be a further dropin support for eastward enlargement among the citizens of the European Union if they are left in the darkfor years about the progress of negotiations; calls on the governments of the Member States, the Council
of Ministers and the Commission to publicise the official positions on the individual chapters of the acces-
sion negotiations and to enter into a debate on the matter, as is being done in exemplary fashion in certain22.6.2001 EN C 178/117 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
candidate countries; points to the fact that properly streamlined commercial communications are a key
factor in the sound functioning of the internal market and stresses the importance of mutual recognitionbetween the Member States;
The implications of enlargement for industry, external trade, research and energy
50. Considers that, in the field of industrial policy, the candidate countries essentially face two chal-
lenges, namely those of aligning their law with Community law (the acquis communautaire ) and increasing
the competitiveness of their industries; stresses that the alignment of their laws with Community law is notconfined to the adoption of legislation but must be accompanied by development of the rule of law suchas to provide sufficient legal certainty for all investors; stresses furthermore that progress in tackling thesetasks is at the same time a yardstick for determining the moment of accession of the individual candidatecountries;
51. Proposes, as regards the enhancement of competitiveness and of social and economic cohesion, a
concerted effort in the pre-accession period, covering:
kdash specific measures designed to speed up the adjustment of industrial structures and encourage the
development of new undertakings, especially SMEs,
kdash measures to improve and simplify the legal framework, incorporating rules on product specification,
market access, competition and financing and environmental standards, particularly for emissions inall fields of industry and not only the energy sector,
kdash appropriate measures complementary to industrial policy, such as the provision of a stable macroeco-
nomic environment, increasing human resources, social dialogue, a viable social protection system,
active labour market policies and adequate infrastructure;
kdash measures to promote the creation of a non-discriminatory area of communication;
52. Considers it imperative, in the interests of successful industrial adjustment in order to create or
maintain a climate conducive to investment, that five requirements should be met: adequate financing of
programmes, efficient capital markets, priority to new technologically advanced enterprises over the par-
tially obsolete industrial complexes, equal competitive conditions for all businesses, irrespective of whetherthey are publicly or privately owned, and steps to combat corruption; however, the PHARE programme,
partly due to its current management and priorities, has not yet been an overwhelming success; calls upon
the Commission to submit to the European Parliament a separate ‘progress report’ concentrating on the
following chapters of negotiation: industrial policy, small- and medium-sized undertakings, telecommuni-cations, the audiovisual sector and media and internet related industries, by analysing the scale of restruc-turing and the cost of financing required, and possible derogations from competition rules, e.g. for public-service broadcasting, if they are deemed necessary;
53. Is convinced that the ‘export potential’ of the candidate countries will increase if industrial adjust-
ment is maintained, R and D takes account of specific needs and exportable sectors and the emergence ofnew enterprises is encouraged; recognises, however, that the Europe Agreements between the EU and theCEEC candidate countries have boosted trade liberalisation between the candidate countries and the EU,and have provided a useful framework for the alignment of candidate countries’ rules and laws in the fieldof capital movements, industrial and intellectual property rights and public procurement;
54. Hopes that the Council and Commission will formally refer to it the recently concluded trade agree-
ments and that the Commission will submit to it an analysis of the Free Trade Agreements already con-
cluded with the candidate countries, paying attention to their compatibility with the EU common commer-cial policy during the preparatory phase; draws attention to the fact that the Commission has notpresented to Parliament any quantitative assessment of the potential impact of the enlargement on ‘trade
creation’ and ‘trade diversion’; would also like to receive an analysis of likely changes in direct investment
from third countries in the current Member States and the candidate countries as a result of enlargement;
55. Stresses that the EU trade strategy is based on mutual opening of markets and integration of global
markets, and that after accession it will no longer be possible to pursue trade policies outside the common
commercial policy; expects the candidate countries even before accession to coordinate their trade policiesC 178/118 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
with the EU’s common commercial policy, in particular to adopt more effective measures to harmonise
trade relations with third countries by means of common approaches within the WTO and internationalfinancial organisations (IMF and World Bank) and to prepare for accession by making further tariff reduc-
tions; recognises also the recent close cooperation of some candidate countries with the EU in this field;
calls on the Commission to assist the candidate countries in their efforts to open markets further;
56. Stresses the fact that the fifth enlargement of the EU coincides with the emergence of the informa-
tion society; draws attention to the benefits arising from further growth expected to result from the crea-
tion of a ‘common information area’; stresses the need for greater efforts to improve the application of
information technology to old and new sectors in the candidate countries, ensuring accessibility for abroad base of users and the provision of universal services; believes that the public sector should beexemplary in applying information technologies, which may contribute substantially to transparency, sim-plification and acceleration of state administration in the candidate countries;
57. Calls upon the Commission to submit to Parliament information with regard to new-technology-
related sectors (internet, biotech, space etc.) and the fields of science and research and telecommunication
discussed by the Commission with the candidate countries, and with regard to whether the traditionalmethod of ‘call for tenders’ and ‘competition for research funding’ from the EU budget is suited to, and
efficient for, the 13 candidate countries while the latter are in an on-going process of transformationwhich requires social, economic and environmental research to be strengthened;
58. Draws attention to the particular sensitivity of the energy sector, as energy consumption in the
candidate countries used to be largely cost-free and the establishment of a pricing system is thereforeparticularly difficult, although it is also extremely important from the point of view of environmental
protection and reducing energy production; observes that integrating candidate countries into the internal
market entails the complete transposition and implementation of the directives on the internal market inelectricity and gas, as well as the reserve requirements for oil stocks and adoption of the safety standards
which apply within the EU for the operation of nuclear power stations, their possible decommissioning
and the disposal of fuel, including its transport;
59. Calls on the Commission to give an overview of existing studies and if necessary to undertake an
in-depth study of the following aspects of energy:
(a) quantitative estimate of the modernisation of the energy industries in the CEEC candidate countries,
and the resources and time required to achieve a similar energy intensity and level of renewables
production as in the EU;
(b) an assessment of the simulation of emission trading models and their impact on the energy sector of
the candidate countries;
(c) the potential maximum contribution of the EU budget through programmes such as SAVE, JOULE,
THERMIE, ALTENER etc. to all 13 candidate countries, or other sources of financing and how suchassistance could be coordinated;
Employment and social aspects in the candidate countries
60. Welcomes and acknowledges the tremendous efforts which the CEECs have made to modernise
their economic and social structures; trusts that the necessary reforms will not result in social hardship
and calls on the Commission to launch its information campaign on enlargement immediately; points
out with concern that the growth rates in the CEECs are not up to the expectations of the economicresearch institutions as forecast in 1997 and that internal social disparities are increasing, which means
that the convergence of income is highly likely to progress significantly more slowly kdash some candidate
countries even experienced negative growth; therefore calls for economic and social policy measures to betaken, starting during the pre-accession period, in order to enhance social and economic cohesion and to
avoid negative impacts resulting from considerable differences in income within and between Member
States; also calls for initiatives in order to be able to fund domestic investments and investments fromabroad and thus accelerate the convergence of per capita income;22.6.2001 EN C 178/119 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
61. Requests that, despite the need to ensure balanced national budgets in the CEECs, investments in
public and social infrastructure must not be endangered but on the contrary should be encouraged;
62. Believes that social protection represents not only a budgetary burden but also a productive factor
and a cornerstone for the European social model; notes that social expenditure has an important function
in the process of structural change, thus supporting the growth and the convergence of income; stressesthat the four social protection objectives (income through work, unemployment benefits, pensions and
health care) are valid for the EU as well as the CEECs; stresses that the four objectives (set out in the
Communication of the Commission (COM(1999) 347) and taken up in the Council Conclusions)(
1) have
to be realised through sustainable financing as well as administrative performance; considers it essential inview of accession that companies based in the EU comply with its social and environmental standardswhen operating and/or investing in the candidate countries; asks the Commission to negotiate a ‘code ofconduct’, following the example of the code of conduct on social and ecological aspects for multinationalsadopted by the OECD; calls on the Commission to ensure that EU-funded programmes and projects aimedat restructuring the industrial sector integrate aspects of employment, social protection, equality betweenmen and women and respect for the environment pursuant to Article 2 TEU;
63. Requests that, given the important role of the social partners and regional actors in the field of
employment and social affairs, greater efforts be made to develop the social dialogue further, in order to
contribute to democratic development, the development of social security systems, health and pensionsystems and health and safety at work, as well as to guarantee equal opportunities and equal treatment
and non-discrimination by labour market policy; similarly recognises the importance of civil society in
promoting social inclusion and calls for the development and strengthening of non-governmental organi-sations and of civil dialogue;
64. Points out that labour participation rates in the CEECs are generally lower than in the EU, particu-
larly for women; points out that in the CEECs labour market institutions and National Action Plans ofemployment have to be developed, or be developed further, which enable a more rapid structural change;therefore calls on the CEECs to adapt their qualification profiles and education and training arrangements
to the new European economic conditions and education systems, in order to promote growth and con-
vergence; also demands that gender mainstreaming and issues relating to minors be given particularimportance in these policy measures;
65. Considers that if the integration process is well prepared, significant migration from the CEECs into
the EU is not to be expected; is convinced, however, that in order to maintain social cohesion as well associal peace in an enlarged EU, social exclusion and poverty in the CEECs have to be reduced drastically;
points out that measures must be taken to head off and contain social tensions in the border regions
between the EU and the CEECs, due to the strongly divergent standards of living and levels of income;
66. Calls on the Commission, as a matter of urgency, to fund the planned, specific cross-border support
measures in the border regions in the EU confronted with commuters due to the divergent income levels,
price levels and standards of living;
67. Refers to the agreed transition periods in previous rounds of enlargement of the EU and to its
resolution of 4 December 1997(
2) on the Communication of the Commission ‘Agenda 2000 kdash for a
stronger and wider Union’ (COM(97) 2000 kdash C4-0371/97);
68. Notes that Council Directive 2000/43/EC implementing the principle of equal treatment between
persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin(3) is part of the acquis communautaire ; insists that policy
measures be taken to combat discrimination on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin, both in the EUand the CEECs; notes also that the non-discrimination clause Article 13 EC belongs to the acquis commu-
nautaireand that legislation derived from this article must be fully implemented in both the EU and the
CEECs;
(1) OJ C 8, 12.1.2000, p. 7.
(2) OJ C 388, 22.12.1997, p. 17.
(3) OJ L 180, 19.7.2000, p. 22.C 178/120 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
69. Asks for a detailed study of the causes of or the reasons for under-five mortality (especially in
Romania), demographic shrink and lower life expectation (especially in Romania, Hungary and the Balticstates), and, on the basis of the conclusions thereof, for special support to be given, in partnership with the
World Health Organisation, to the child health policies in place in those countries; furthermore asks for
similar studies into the situation of disabled people in institutions, and into the general treatment of theRoma peoples, all of which will require further attention by the candidate countries as well as external
support from the existing EU15;
Environmental aspects of the enlargement negotiations
70. Calls on the candidate countries to give the highest priority to the transposition of the environmen-
talacquisinto their national legislation with accomplishment at the latest by the day of accession;
EU environmental directives which can be implemented at low cost (e.g. Environmental Impact Assess-
ment, Environmental Information, Animal Welfare legislation, Habitat and Birds Directives), should apply
from day one of accession; considers it essential to accord special priority to implementing the acquisin
the remaining environmental problem areas (such as water and atmospheric pollution and waste treat-ment); considers that transition periods for the implementation of parts of the environmental acquisthat
involve a high level of financial expenditure should be limited to a maximum of five years, provided therisks to the environment or human health do not call for swifter action, and only in exceptional, very wellfounded cases should it be possible for transition periods longer than five years to be negotiated after theCommission has consulted the European Parliament and established to Parliament=s satisfaction that sucha request is reasonable; the approval of exceptions should be conditional on a dependable timetable, actionplan and funding strategy;
71. Insists that, in the likely event that transition periods are granted to the new Member States in the
field of the environment, realistic interim targets should be stipulated in the accession treaties, and that not
meeting these targets should be treated as regular infringement of Community law;
72. Considers insufficient the information provided by the Commission in the Enlargement Report con-
cerning ‘Quality of Life and Environment’; calls on the candidate countries to forward annually to the
European Parliament their National Programmes for the Adoption of the acquis, including precise time-
tables and detailing progress made with legislative processes; insists that during the pre-accession periodthe Commission report yearly on the situation of the environment to the European Parliament, includingthe results of implementation of the acquis, and relate these reports to interim targets with the purpose of
identifying the precise extent of the progress made by the individual candidate countries; calls on NGOsactive in environmental policy to assist the European Parliament in identifying potential or real deficienciesin the performance of accession countries by submitting reports assessing the situation before the end of2001, and annually thereafter;
73. Asks that EU pre-accession aid for environmental purposes to the candidate countries be doubled
by 2006; emphasises that EU financial instruments such as Phare, ISPA (Instrument for Structural Policiesfor Pre-Accession) and Sapard (Support for Agriculture and Rural Development) should be interlinked and
should offer stronger support for sustainable development; insists that the €5million limit for ISPA fund-
ing be removed in order to give small, innovative projects a chance and that EU-funded projects andprogrammes not only give due regard to the welfare and conservation of animals but also create the con-ditions for good livestock farming that takes account of the animals’ natural behaviour and for minimising
the transport of animals by ensuring that they are slaughtered as near as possible to where they have been
reared; considers also that no transitional arrangements should be accepted in the sphere of animal welfare;
74. Considers it essential that companies based in the EU comply with EU environmental standards
when operating and/or investing in the candidate countries, asks the Commission to negotiate such an
‘environmental code of conduct’ with UNICE; emphasises that all EU pre-accession aid should be compa-tible with the EU approach of integrating environmental considerations into other policies and to this endrequests the Commission to make and publish environmental impact assessments of all EU-financed pre-accession projects and plans, including loans from the EIB, prior to putting these funds into operation, anddemands that in making such loans within the candidate countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the EIBgreatly improve the transparency of its practices and general policies on providing information to thepublic; calls on the competent authorities to examine ways in which more funding can be made available22.6.2001 EN C 178/121 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
for the direct support of nature conservation both before and after accession, for example by broadening
the criteria under which ISPA funds can be allocated to environmental projects so that these criteriainclude nature conservation activities, particularly the identification of suitable sites for Natura 2000 andthe subsequent management of such sites;
75. Stresses the importance of strong commitment on the part both of the candidate countries and of
the EU in the field of environment and nuclear safety; recalls that nuclear power reactors of first genera-
tion Soviet design are considered as ‘high risk’ for Europe in general; urges the candidate countries to fulfil
their obligations concerning their closure; is of the opinion that these nuclear reactors should be closeddown at the latest by the time of accession; supports the Commission’s plan for EU funding for scientificand technical cooperation to assist with the decommissioning of nuclear facilities; acknowledges the needto provide social support for displaced workers; calls on international financial institutions as the EIB andthe EBRD to provide multi-lateral strategic investment and bilateral financial assistance in the realisation ofenergy saving projects and the development of renewable energy sources in the candidate countries;
76. Calls on the Commission, as well as the Council and the governments of both the existing Member
States and the candidate countries, to work to increase awareness and understanding in the candidate
countries of the importance of environmental protection and nature conservation in general and Natura2000 in particular on the part of both official bodies and the general population; calls for effective admin-
istration to be developed at local, regional and national level to ensure that environmental legislation is
implemented properly; encourages greater public participation and the involvement of environmental andanimal welfare NGOs in the accession process, recognising that environmental protection and conservation
depend not only on laws and regulations but on the existence of active and independent non-governmental
organisations organised locally, regionally, nationally and at European and international levels, as well ason a high level of concern, awareness and knowledge on the part of the general public, experts and poli-tically responsible decision-makers; suggests that partnerships between the candidate countries’ and the
Member States’ administrations be intensified;
77. Considers better coordination between the requirements of economic growth and the environment
to be an extremely important principle; stresses that integration of environmental policy into other fields
of policy is a basic premise; calls, therefore, on the competent authorities to ensure that EU-funded pro-
jects and programmes, for example those aimed at the modernisation of infrastructure, particularly in thefields of energy and transport, give due regard to environmental considerations, taking account, inter alia,
of use of renewable energy sources, the development of efficient public transport, especially by rail, and in
particular the preservation of the extensive biodiversity of the candidate countries and integral naturalareas and that environmentally destructive projects be disqualified; recognise that this biodiversity is apriceless asset which on the accession of the candidate countries will become part of the irreplaceable
heritage of the European Union; recognise in practice that the biodiversity and the rich natural and cultural
heritage of rural areas in the candidate countries could form the potential foundation of social and eco-nomic strategies based upon sustainable development; encourage activities which tend to minimise any
harmful impact on landscape and nature, and maximise benefits, whilst preserving a rural population as
well as biodiversity; establish to this end clear links between National Rural Development Plans and fundsgranted under Sapard, and the priorities of the Birds and Habitats Directives, with particular regard to
Natura 2000 sites, which should be the target of pilot agri-environment programmes;
78. Urges the candidate countries, in cooperation with the Commission, to ensure that Natura 2000
sites are identified before accession, and to devise a system whereby the annexes of the two relevant direc-tives are amended at the earliest possible opportunity to take into account species and habitat types which
are not represented in the EU 15, as well as the fact that in many candidate countries a large part of the
territory already enjoys protected status and should continue to do so; in this regard asks that under nocircumstances should EU accession lead to a reduction in the total size of protected areas or the protection
status of these areas, especially with regard to integral natural areas;
79. Further urges all parties concerned to recognise that nature protection is not achievable solely
through the identification and protection of designated areas, but must also be based on general policies
which stimulate sustainable economic activity both in the countryside and in urban areas (including recrea-
tional pursuits), encourage environmentally friendly agriculture and forestry and the development of theurban and industrial environments, integrate environmental considerations into the broad range of publicC 178/122 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
policy wherever appropriate, most obviously in relation to transport and energy, reduce overall levels of
air- and water-based pollution, preserve soil quality and other natural resources, and discourage forms ofeconomic activity which lead to the destruction of valuable habitats (such as the draining of wetlands); to
this end seek ways to avoid the reproduction of problems characteristic of the EU 15, problems associated
with intensive farming, monoculture, displacement of agricultural labour, and a failure to take into accountthe general and economic value of biodiversity; such ways to include, inter alia, the broad exploitation of
possibilities to counter such tendencies (and to encourage, for example, the survival of rural communities,
smallholdings, traditional and ecologically friendly methods of field division kdash such as hedges, water chan-nels and dry stone walls kdash rare breeds of domestic animal, and ecological corridors) offered by existing
budgetary measures such as the EAGGF and the Community Instrument Leader;
Health and consumer protection aspects of the negotiations for enlargement
Public health
80. Calls on the Commission to work closely with the candidate countries and the WHO Europe Office
to monitor progress towards physical, mental, neurological and environmental health reforms and towards
meeting the broad acquis communautaire relating to health and to encourage the development of statistics
and outcome measurements so that individual countries can be more accurately compared;
81. Considers the PHARE programme to be a useful tool to support progress in the candidate countries
and that it could do more in the field of public health; that the countries should be encouraged and
enabled to play a full part in the Centre and Network for the monitoring, surveillance and control ofdrug addiction and communicable diseases respectively; that they should participate fully in the research
programmes relevant to health and in the Community public health programmes; and that the Commis-
sion should be proactive in encouraging and supporting applications from the countries to join such pro-grammes, and furthermore urges the Commission to ensure that funds reach their recipients more rapidlythan was the case under its predecessor. Believes the Commission must consult with the candidate coun-
tries and determine whether they need assistance, and if so what sort, to attain without undue delay ade-
quate standards for blood and blood product safety and quality;
82. Believes that the increase in social inequalities and the increasing dependency ratio are major chal-
lenges for the health sector of the candidate countries; believes furthermore that, within a more marketorientated context, there is a need for appropriate regulation in the health systems; calls therefore on the
candidate countries to develop health systems safeguarding those basic elements which characterise all EU
Member States: access to good quality healthcare irrespective of income; a properly regulated market;quality; cost-effectiveness; accountability, self-regulation and participation; believes that special attentionshould be paid to enhanced health education and family planning;
83. Believes that the candidate countries need to be aware of the new acquis communautaire for physical
and mental health deriving from Article 152 EC and calls on the Commission to do its utmost to consultwith the candidate countries during the preparatory phases of any new draft Community instrument in thefield of public health and health promotion;
84. Believes the European Investment Bank has a particularly important role to play as partner in the
health field with the candidate countries and that the Commission should work with the Bank and withcandidate country governments to encourage this and should also work with the WHO to provide a data
bank on collaborative and assistance projects of a bilateral and multilateral nature in each of the candidate
countries, so as to ensure efficient use of resources and to avoid duplication; notes the importance of theawareness of gender in public health policy and the specific need for statistics disaggregated by sex;22.6.2001 EN C 178/123 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
Consumer protection
85. Welcomes the result of the negotiations with the candidate countries of the ‘Luxembourg group’ on
consumer policy and appreciates that all of the countries within this group have accepted the acquis com-
munautaire on consumer policy and that none have requested derogations or transitional periods;
encourages the candidate countries of the ‘Helsinki group’ to follow this example during the forthcomingnegotiations;
86. Regrets, however, that despite these legislative advances, there is still a poor understanding of the
importance of consumer policy and consumer rights in a civil society, as well as of the specific importance
of consumer organisations, both within governments and among the population at large;
87. Believes that after the transposition of the acquis communautaire into national legislation, the main
problems of consumer policy in the candidate countries remain in areas such as effective enforcement oflegislation, transparency, access to justice for consumers, independent consumer representation bodies andconsumer information;
88. Calls on the Commission and the candidate countries to improve the implementation of consumer
policy and, in particular, to institute effective consultation mechanisms, to resolve the problem of supportto consumer NGOs and to encourage efforts for education in schools and information of the populationregarding consumer rights and obligations; also, the Commission and the candidate countries should, while
and after transposing the acquis communautaire, pay special attention to issues concerning Community-wide
regulation of food safety and nutrition, telecommunication services, financial services and product safety inthe widest possible sense; in addition, the greatest possible account must continually be taken of foodsafety and food policy, especially as this is of great importance for the operation of the internal market;
89. Calls on the Commission to work closely with the candidate countries to establish an ongoing
regional initiative for training and promoting dialogue and understanding for all actors in the field ofconsumer policy kdash judiciary, government, industry and NGOs;
Agricultural and Fisheries Aspects of Enlargement
90. Reaffirms its desire to see further countries admitted to the European Union; points in this connec-
tion to the positive experiences of previous accessions; is, however, of the opinion that, in the agricultural
and fisheries sectors, further efforts must be made both by the current EU, as regards its ability to absorbnew Member States, and by the candidate countries, as regards their readiness for accession;
91. Welcomes the efforts already made in the Luxembourg and Helsinki group countries to facilitate
structural change in their farm sectors; assumes that they will continue along this path and that the pre-accession aid provided under Sapard can help them do so;
92. Notes with concern that the data available on the candidate countries’ farm sectors is still lacking
and calls therefore for additional resources to be allocated in the 2001 budget so as to support the candi-
date countries adequately in developing an effective agricultural statistics system and in collecting data, as
up-to-date and reliable agricultural data is essential for making an objective assessment of developments inthose countries;
93. Calls on the Commission to take account during its negotiations of the macroeconomic equilibrium
within the current EU and within the candidate countries and also of the financial and structural guidelines
contained in the decisions of the 1999 Berlin European Council; considers that assistance to farmers in the
candidate countries should be restricted to measures aimed at structural reform of the agricultural sector;stresses also the need to ensure that, following accession, farmers are entitled to income support in the
form of direct payments designed to compensate for price falls only where they actually suffer a loss of
income and where immediate structural change is not possible, but not in cases where prices on domesticmarkets are rising because of continuing inflation and internal demand for agricultural produce;C 178/124 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
94. Asks the Commission, in view of the possible extension of the system of income support to the
Central and Eastern European countries, to provide the European Parliament with an estimate of the pos-sible cost per land and per sector involved in those countries in case the current Common Agricultural
Policy is applied;
95. Asks the Commission to provide it with an estimate of the probable cost of implementing the
common fisheries policy in the candidate countries, particularly in connection with the adjustment of
administrative structures;
96. Supports the idea of determining the level of production/fishing quotas for each product group
concerned on the basis of historical production data for a reference period to be specified and asks the
candidate countries to supply data on the corresponding quantities for the period 1995-1999;
97. Confirms the importance of rural areas in Europe as a whole and therefore hopes that accession to
the European Union by candidate countries in Eastern and Central Europe will not be accompanied by
social dislocation as a result of an exodus from rural areas and unemployment; takes the view, therefore,
that in particular the recently created second pillar of agricultural policy, i.e. rural development, must befurther strengthened; calls on the Commission, therefore, to offer the candidate countries, as an alternative
to entitlement to direct payments, rapid and ample access to funds earmarked for rural development; calls
on the Commission also to bear in mind that enlargement must not call into question the current level ofaid to farmers in the EU 15, and in particular its outermost regions;
98. Calls for the acquis communautaire , and especially veterinary and phytosanitary legislation, as well as
animal welfare regulations, to be adopted in full by the candidate countries; recognises that, for thesesectors and for certain other specific, particularly complex, sectors subject to common organisation ofthe market, the candidate countries should submit detailed plans for early, pre-accession implementationof the Community’s agricultural legislation; considers, however, that there will be a need for transitionalarrangements in some cases, although their scope must be kept to a minimum and they must be grantedfor as short a period as possible; asks the Commission to facilitate the participation of representatives ofthe candidate countries in meetings of the veterinary and phytosanitary committees of the EuropeanUnion;
99. Reaffirms the importance of implementing the pre-accession strategy in order to gradually liberalise
the trade in agricultural produce before enlargement; stresses the need to reduce, prior to enlargement, the
tariff and non-tariff barriers that exist in some candidate countries, many of whose products enjoy prefer-ential access to the Community market, so that Community agricultural produce has non-discriminatory
access to their markets and trade develops in a balanced manner;
100. Calls for the European Parliament to be granted full powers of codecision on agricultural policy
and the agricultural budget before any new Member State is admitted to the European Union;
Enlargement and Regional Policy
101. Emphasises the importance of enlargement in establishing a European Union extending beyond its
former geographical frontiers and guided by common rules and values as well as by the principle of soli-
darity with a view to strengthening economic and social cohesion, consolidating democracy and safeguard-
ing human rights over the whole of the European territory; reiterates the need for the EU to continueundertaking economic and structural reforms to enhance competitiveness and sustainable development of
the regions;
102. Recalls that the European Union must respond appropriately to an enlargement which will
increase considerably the number of disadvantaged regions; draws attention to the risk of uneven growth
in the various regions of the candidate countries in the wake of both certain candidate countries’ internal
policies and the effects of the market and of investment by the Member States and, therefore, calls on theCommission to revise the criteria governing the award of structural aid with the aim of ensuring that both
the candidate countries and the current Member States receive appropriate support for their disadvantaged
regions; calls on the European Union to retain the cohesion criteria as they apply to the EU 15, regardlessof any statistical changes in average income in the EU brought about by the enlargement;22.6.2001 EN C 178/125 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
103. Notes that all candidate countries are willing to fully implement the acquis communautaire by the
time they join the Union; notes however that the screening process indicated severe shortcomings con-cerning the absence of data on the part of certain candidate countries and the absence of defined statisticalunits and, more importantly, concerning the necessary administrative capacities to be able to efficientlymanage the financial appropriations of the Structural Funds; calls, therefore, on the Commission to takeparticular account of this situation in the pre-accession strategy;
104. Urges the candidate countries to press on with the process of decentralisation and regionalisation
and to continue regional cooperation, with due account taken of the development and strengthening oflocal authorities with the aim of establishing administrative structures at a level close to citizens; calls onthe Commission and the candidate countries, in this connection, to launch interregional and crossborder
cooperation between the candidate countries themselves, and between those countries and their neigh-
bours in the EU, thus enabling the EU to introduce programmes allowing those countries to work togethermore closely on a regional basis;
105. Urges the candidate countries to decisively strengthen the administrative capacities with responsi-
bility for regional policy implementation (national regional policies and EU pre-accession aid), and, inparticular, to step up preparatory training and knowledge transfer, with a view to an immediate takeover
of the acquis communautaire after enlargement and a rapid implementation of Structural Funds programmes
in compliance with EU rules on programming, monitoring, evaluation, financial management and control;
106. Considers the reinforced pre-accession approach to be an initial basis in order to prepare candi-
date countries for enlargement and underlines the importance of further development of the ‘institution-
building’ component in the framework of the PHARE programme with regard to including the local andregional level in the institution-building measures; encourages candidate countries’ and Member States’administrations, and especially the administrations of those Member States which are Structural Fund par-ticipants and recipients, to fully participate in these activities designed to ensure improvement of adminis-trative capacities, knowledge transfer and acquisition of experience in adapting and implementing theacquis communautaire ;
107. Expresses its concern that the existing financial perspective is not sufficient to meet the challenges
of regional policy and economic and social cohesion arising from an enlarged Union; calls on the Com-
mission to submit annual progress reports to the European Parliament and the Council, drawn up on aregional basis, outlining whether or to what extent funding has been properly used in the enlargement
countries, so that the proper use of commitment appropriations serves to strengthen the pre-accession
aid with a view to more rapidly addressing infrastructure investment needs in the candidate countriesand making candidate countries familiar with the absorption of financial appropriations, gradually increas-
ing to the post-accession level; considers that the appropriations for pre-accession aid for Cyprus and
Malta should be transferred from Chapter 4 (External Relations) to Chapter 7 (Pre-accession Aid) of theCommunity budget to ensure that the provisions in force are uniform for all candidate countries and thatan even-handed approach is adopted;
108. Considers that the INTERREG, ISPA, PHARE and MEDA cooperation programmes can make a
substantial contribution to regional development and calls on candidate countries which may have differ-
ences with neighbouring countries which are members of the European Union to bring their positions on
each issue into line with the changed circumstances so as to establish the climate of trust necessary todevelop and extend cooperation at all levels and promote the interests of all parties concerned; urges theCommission to scrutinise critically the implementation of the pre-accession programmes, in particular
ISPA, with a view to supervising the use of structural funding in the candidate countries after their acces-
sion, thereby drawing on the experience gained during German reunification;
109. Considers that the European Spatial Development Perspective must be taken into account during
the enlargement process, in a manner consistent with the subsidiarity principle, and tied clearly to regionalpolicy, with a view to the reform of the Structural Funds in 2006, in order to provide an adequateresponse to the development needs of the enlarged Union; calls on the Commission, in this connection,
to analyse the impact of the enlargements on employment, cohesion and economic migration with a view
to taking prompt measures to prevent the emergence of regional imbalances;
110. Looks forward to the submission of the second cohesion report in late 2000 so that, on that basis,
and in conjunction with the Commission, conclusions can be drawn for the continuation of Europeancohesion policy following the enlargement;C 178/126 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
Enlargement and Transport and Tourism
General
111. Calls on the candidate countries to create as soon as possible an effective administrative structure
to permit the actual application of the acquis communautaire (technical, fiscal, social and environmental and
safety provisions), which will be fully transposed by the date of accession, and monitoring of its applica-tion. Transitional periods and derogations kdash if required at all kdash should be short, clearly defined, necessaryand justified. No transitional periods should be permitted in the case of safety and environmental stan-dards. Particular attention should be paid to twinning arrangements, whereby experienced staff from theMember States can be made available to the candidate countries;
112. Stresses the need to complete and extend the trans-European networks, which should help the
candidate countries to equip themselves with a modern transport infrastructure and proposes that theTINA report should be used as a basis for this; further emphasises that it is the EU’s objective to strengthen
the competitiveness of disadvantaged regions by improving the TEN transport network while integrating,
in the best possible way, national and regional transport systems; stresses the importance of accordingpriority to traffic safety measures in the candidate countries; emphasises the need also to close the many
existing gaps in the current Member States in the eastbound trans-European network;
113. Welcomes the funds provided through PHARE and ISPA and other EU programmes; calls for sup-
port for SMEs; is aware, however, that a very much greater volume of investment will be needed for the
development of infrastructure, which will have to come in particular from private investors and public-private partnerships; the existing financing strategy will therefore need to be revised;
Road transport
114. Calls on the Commission, firstly, to ensure that in the road haulage sector new Member States
actually apply the Community’s employment, social and fiscal legislation and, secondly, to submit to Par-
liament and the Council proposals on how to prevent disruption of the market in the European Union and
in the candidate countries owing to differences in wage costs and non-wage labour costs that are likely topersist; takes the view that consideration should be given to whether transitional arrangements might besuitable and appropriate both for the European Union and for the individual Member States as from the
date of accession; if necessary, a phased approach should keep social tensions in the Member States and
candidate countries to a minimum; the aim of pan-European transport policy before and after the acces-sion of the candidate countries must be to shift freight traffic in particular onto the railways as far as
possible, but special transit arrangements cannot be ruled out, in particular during transitional periods;
Rail transport
115. Calls on the Commission, the Member States and the candidate countries to attach greater impor-
tance to road transport in Europe as part of an environment-friendly transport policy; measures should be
taken by the EU and by the candidate countries to do everything possible to ensure that the rail infrastruc-ture that still exists in the candidate countries can be properly used and developed and to ensure that the
railways can survive in the new larger European internal market kdash first and foremost, close attention
should be paid to the interoperability of the rail network; calls also for a restructuring of railway compa-nies in those countries where this has not yet taken place, to ensure appropriate, non-discriminatory access
to infrastructure;
Intermodal transport
116. Calls on the Commission to pay greater attention to intermodal transport, which provides the
most appropriate and most environment-friendly combination of the various modes of transport; obstacles
to such an intermodal system (lack of interfaces, lack of coordination of transport modes) should be elimi-nated;22.6.2001 EN C 178/127 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
Internal waterway transport
117. Recommends that inland waterway transport should be included to a greater extent in the pan-
European corridors; inland ports should be developed as intersections for all modes of transport. TheDanube, in particular, as an important link between northern and western Europe and the Black Sea andother major waterways in cross-border transport should in the long term be fully integrated, hence also in
the candidate countries, into the TEN networks. ISPA funds should also be made available for the develop-
ment of inland waterways;
Sea transport
118. Considers that, with a view to the creation of the world’s largest fleet, measures should be taken to
promote both the development of a modern, flag-state administration and effective port state control and
expressly emphasises the need to enforce the highest possible safety and environmental standards;
Air transport
119. Calls on the Member States, as flying is the safest form of transport, without delay, firstly to
implement the measures to be adopted by the EU by the end of this year for boosting the effectiveness
of airspace management and, secondly, to participate forthwith in the work of the European AviationSafety Authority (EASA) which is currently being set up;
Tourism
120. Calls on the Member States and the candidate countries to attach more importance to tourism so
that Europe remains the leading tourist destination, taking into account the major economic potential ofthis sector and its positive impact on the job market; further urges the candidate countries to make effec-
tive use of the resources available to them within the framework of the PHARE, ISPA, SAPARD and
INTERREG programmes also in the tourism sector; considers that tourism requires greater coordinationwith other policy areas, in particular transport;
Enlargement and Equal Opportunities
121. Points out that adoption of the Community acquisin the area of equality is a sine qua non for
accession since it is essentially a question of human rights and that the necessary institution building inthis area is a vital prerequisite to full implementation of the acquis; calls on the Commission, in its negotia-
tions with the candidate countries, to insist on an absolute guarantee of full implementation of the acquis
communautaire in the area of women’s rights and equal opportunities, and to involve these countries and
the respective NGOs until accession as far as possible in the ongoing and future developments in thispolicy area;
122. Calls on the governments of all the candidate countries to provide precise information or to con-
firm their legislative timetable for transposition and implementation of individual directives as the enact-ment of legislation on equal opportunities and non-discrimination must be complemented by adequate
enforcement mechanisms; recommends, in this regard, strengthening parliamentary dialogue between the
European Parliament and national parliaments of the Union and those of the candidate countries; requeststhe Commission to provide sufficient expertise and financial means, when needed, to facilitate this process
of implementation and enforcement;
123. Requests the Commission to call on and help the governments of all candidate countries to put in
place procedures for the collection and dissemination of gender-disaggregated statistics relevant to gender,
compatible with those used in the EC, to raise awareness of problems and facilitate comparison as well asserving as a benchmark for improvement;C 178/128 EN 22.6.2001 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000
124. Calls on the governments of the candidate countries to improve women’s effective access to infor-
mation on their legal rights and to encourage women in the candidate countries to claim and test theirrights before tribunals and courts to establish solid legal precedents for equality, and to raise awareness
amongst the judiciary, practising lawyers and legal advisers, politicians and the public about gender issues;
125. Calls on the governments of all the candidate countries to encourage and support the development
of an active civil society, including NGOs representing women, for example by means of information and
education programmes on international standards of protection of women’s rights; urges the Commission
to take all possible steps to ensure effective cooperation between NGOs in the EC and the candidate coun-tries, and to involve the latter in the accession process; calls on the Commission to promote and support
the exchange of information between the candidate countries and EU Member States, including at trade
union and organisation level, so as to bring people concerned with specific problems together and improvemutual understanding and their ability to learn from each other;
126. Calls on all public and private institutions in the candidate countries to ensure mainstreaming of
equal opportunities across the policy spectrum so that women’s issues are not treated in isolation butintegrated into all areas of social and economic life; calls on the governments of the candidate countries
to establish or strengthen the so-called ‘national machineries’ [cf. Beijing Platform for Action and Beijing+5
final Outcome Document] in order to stimulate and monitor such gender mainstreaming;
127. Calls on the social partners in the candidate countries to establish and secure employment policies
and practices based on gender equality and equal opportunities, especially as regards equal pay for men
and women for work of equal value; requests the Commission to negotiate with UNICE and other repre-
sentative employers organisations a code of conduct for EC companies operating in those countries;
128. Calls on the Commission to actively encourage all the candidate countries to participate in Com-
munity programmes on equal opportunities and in particular in the forthcoming Fifth Framework Pro-
gramme on gender equality (2001-2005) as well as the STOP and Daphne programmes to combat violenceagainst women;
129. Calls on the governments of all the candidate countries to adopt and implement a comprehensive
gender-sensitive employment strategy in order to eliminate sex-discrimination and (horizontal and vertical)sex-segregation on the labour-market, including a comprehensive range of services (public or private)which will facilitate the integration of professional and family life, especially in the area of child-care facil-
ities, as well as adequate vocational training;
130. Calls on the governments of all the candidate countries to implement measures and laws to elim-
inate all forms of trafficking in women and to tackle the issue of domestic violence, including legislation
against the marital rape of women; calls on the governments of all the candidate countries and on the
Commission to promote training and awareness-raising of police and judiciary, to support NGOs whichfight trafficking both in candidate countries and in the EU and to strengthen cooperation between the EU
and the candidate countries, in particular by making sufficient financial means available to facilitate this
cooperation;
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131. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council and the Commission and to the
parliaments of the Member States and the parliaments and governments of the candidate countries with
which accession negotiations have been opened.22.6.2001 EN C 178/129 Official Journal of the European Communities
Wednesday 4 October 2000