ÎOMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
C0M(91) 53 final 
Brussels, 8 May 1991 
ENERGY PLANNING 
IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY 
(at regional level) 
* * * 
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION 
i»aratafft*EH 
ENERGY PLANNING 
IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY 
(at regional levai) 
*** 
Communication from the Commission 
CONTENTS 
I. INTRODUCTION 
II. OBJECTIVES AND FRAMEWORK OF THE ACTION 
III. SCALE OF THE ACTION 
IV. EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF THE ACT40N (1982-1989) 
V. PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE FUTURE (1991-1993) 
VI. CONCLUSIONS 
ANNEXE 
- 1 _ 
. INTRODUCTION 
1. The disturbances of the energy markets in the seventies, and 
their serious negative consequences on economic development 
caused many countries and regions to realise that major 
restructuring of their energy consumption was needed. 
2. The major obstacles, however, appeared to be lack of 
adequately detailed and reliable information on energy demand 
and economy and of methods and instruments to analyse and 
forecast their development, as well as the absence of 
technical contacts and of a climate of confidence among all 
parties involved. 
3. The need therefore arose for^ action on energy planning and 
particularly on demand analysis at the regional and local 
level. In several countries and regions of the European 
Community, energy planning studies were already being promoted 
(eg; by regional energy agencies set up in France, as part of 
the régionalisation programme by the German government, by the 
municipal authorities in Denmark, by the regional authorities 
in Belgium and in the Netherlands). However, these actions 
were being carried out in isolation, not leading to a wider 
exchange of experience and information at the European level. 
4. Thus, towards the end of 1982, the Commission, strongly 
supported by the European Parliament, took the initiative to 
contribute to this action. The main aim was to improve 
efficient demand management and to increase the use of locally 
available energy resources. This aim was to be achieved by 
promoting and organizing the exchange of experience between 
regional or local authorities, organizations, institutes and 
experts involved in energy planning, and by promoting new 
studies throughout the Community, in a more systematic manner. 
Particular emphasis was to be laid on the transfer of 
experience from those regions^1) where appropriate methods of 
energy planning were developed to those where they were still 
lacking. 
5. The purpose of this communication is to provide a brief 
overview and evaluation of the Community's action up to now 
and to indicate its orientations for the future (1991-1993). 
(1) The term "region" Is used In the octlon In o general sense and does not necessarily refer to a standard notional 
administrative area. Thus the administrative structure involved ranges from major regions (eg, provinces) to districts, 
to conurbations and cities. Since 1989, the action has focussed particularly on the energy-environment Interoctions in 
urban areas with population above 100,000. In only a few cases the study covers the country as a whole (eg. Luxembourg 
and Ireland). 
_ 2 -
II. OBJECTIVES AND FRAMEWORK OF THE ACTION 
6. In general, the main aim of the regional energy planning 
action is to make the energy market more transparent, so that 
rational decisions may be taken at all levels of the private 
and public sectors. In this context, a regional energy 
planning action may be defined as the systematic collection, 
evaluation and use of energy and energy related socio-economic 
and technical data at the sub-national level, with the 
intention of preparing plans of action, taking due account of 
energy policy orientations at this level. 
7. In this context, the objectives sought by the Community action 
may be summarised as follows : 
a) improvement of the information base and the analysis of 
the energy situation in a region as well as its 
development and complex interconnections; 
b) improvement of the decision-making process on matters of 
energy policy and energy planning at sub-national level; 
c) improvement of the debate both at technical and political 
levels between energy consumers and energy producers and, 
in this context, the promotion of exchange of experiences 
between authorities, organisations and firms-, 
d) to assist the transfer of results of Community actions at 
the sub-national level, in the framework of research and 
demonstration programmes as well as in the framework of 
general energy policy; 
e) helping regional authorities to elaborate action plans 
coherent with, and complementary to, national programmes 
and Community objectives; 
f) contribution to research in vital areas concerning energy 
and socio-economic development (eg. environment, 
employment). 
8. Community action is consistent with, and contributes to, the 
realisation of Community policy objectives. 
Thus, first of all, action contributes to the attainment of 
the Community's energy policy objectives» in particular those 
concerning the rational use of energy and the exploitation of 
indigenous new and renewable energy sources. In fact, the 
potential of these two "sources" of energy can be most 
adequately evaluated and exploited at the sub-national 
(regional or local) level. 
- 3 
9. Protection of the environment is an increasingly Important 
preoccupation, and determines Community energy policy, it has 
been shown in several energy planning events^1) that the 
region, the city, or in general, the sub-national level, is 
the appropriate level at which to analyse many of the 
interactions between energy and the environment, and at which 
to take, in some cases, the necessary policy measures. 
10. The socio-economic dimension of energy is implied in the 
Community energy objectives for 1995, adopted by the Council 
of Ministers^). Energy planning helps to evaluate how 
energy can be a determining factor for the socio-economic 
development of a region. 
11. This socio-economic dimension is further brought into focus by 
the objective of the Single European Act for greater economic 
and social cohesion and for greater community integration. 
Community regional energy plannfng action is thus responding 
to the challenge of the internal market, and fully integrates 
the flanking policies aiming at reduction of socio-economic 
gaps between regions of the Community.(3* 
(1) e.g. workshop* in Berlin (Jon. 1989), Rom* (Dec. 1988). 
(2) "The implementation. In appropriate frameworks, for those region* which are leas-favoured from the point of view of 
energy infrastructure, of measures designed to improve the Community's energy balance." (O.J. C 241/1 23.9.86 f5(f)). 
(3) Article 130A of the Single European Act referring to economic and social cohesion. 
"In order to promote its overall harmonious development, the Community shall develop ond pursue its actions leoding to 
the strengthening of its economic and social cohesion. In particular the Community shall aim at reducing disparities 
between the various regions and the backwardness of the least-fovoured regions." 
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III. THE SCALE OF THE ACTION (1982-1989) 
The activities 
12. Since 1982, the Community has supported a series of regional 
energy planning studies in all Member States. It is estimated 
that the "regions" covered represent more than 20 % of the 
Community's population, around 25 % of its area, and 25 % of 
total energy consumption. Since 1989, particular attention has 
been paid to problems relating to energy-environment 
interactions at the urban level. 
13. The objectives and the issues covered by the studies are 
different and have changed over the years. In general, the 
studies mainly deal with energy demand analysis and 
forecasting, energy balances, energy conservation and / or 
substitution, evaluation of potential renewable energies, 
energy-environment interact ions^1). 
14. Furthermore, the Commission organises seminars and workshops. 
Their aim is to disseminate information on instruments and 
models for energy analysis and forecasting and to promote the 
exchange of experience and co-operation among institutions and 
experts involved in energy (see annex). 
The means 
15. The Community pursues its action mainly by co-financing the 
various energy planning studies. The remainder is undertaken 
by the national or regional authorities and organisations and, 
in some cases, by contributions from the private sector. It 
also contributes in this area by providing orientations for 
the realisation of a study and for the implementation of its 
conclusions. 
(ï) A seporote working document of the Commission summarises the moin elements of these studies. Also, "mop brochures' 
are in the process of preparation for most of these studies. 
- 5 -
16. Furthermore, the Community contributes to an important extent 
by stimulating direct co-operation among regions, institutions 
and experts, often from different countries of the European 
Community and also from third countries. This is done by the 
organisation of conferences and workshops, by the support of 
exchanges of experts, and by setting up or strengthening 
regional energy planning institutions. 
17. The annual budgetary appropriation from budget line 706^1^ 
for this action in the Community has been modest, compared to 
its multiplier effect. It reached approximately 2.5 MECU in 
1989, and 3 MECU in 1990. It should also be taken into account 
that these funds were the stimulus for mobilizing 
corresponding funds from regional and private sources. 
The actors 
18. Several actors are involved in the process of regional energy 
planning : 
the regional, local and national authorities who define 
the general policy framework, identify needs and prepare 
and implement policy instruments and investment programmes 
and projects; 
the Commission, which plays a role in the process of 
energy planning going beyond financial support; 
the industries producing and consuming energy and energy 
equipment ; 
the financial sector which mobilises financial resources 
and sets up financial schemes appropriate for the economic 
exploitation of the regions' energy potential (eg. third 
party financing); 
the experts and consultants who develop and apply 
appropriate methods of analysis and forecasting. 
(1) In 1991 : budget I In* 4.1040. 
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IV. EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF THE ACTION (1982-1989) 
19. An evaluation of this action was recently made by a team of 
independent experts. The purpose was to draw conclusions and 
lessons about the strengths and weaknesses of past action and, 
subsequently, to outline future guidelines against the 
background of the developing priorities of Community policies. 
20. On the whole, evaluation has shown the worthwhile nature of 
the action vis-à-vis its objectives and the total means 
deployed, it has also shown that it was dynamic, and capable 
of change in addressing new issues arising from development of 
Community policies. Nevertheless, there obviously are some 
areas where improvements have to be made if full benefits are 
{p be drawn from this action in the future at Community level. 
21. More specifically, the action contributed to the following 
main areas : 
a) Guidelines for energy Investments 
There were several regions where the studies were 
precursors to investment projects supplemented by 
national, regional, local, or other Community programmes. 
For example : the studies carried out in Bornholm, 
Sender J y I land, Saarland, PACAC), Rhône-Alpes, Berlin, 
WalIonia, Madeira, Alentejo, the Basque country, 
Catalonia, Westland, and Aquitaine oriented energy 
investments undertaken by national, regional, public and 
private institutions ; the regional energy planning 
studies in Sterea Ellas in Greece, and in Madeira and 
Alentejo in Portugal, were precursors to investment 
projects supported through the Valoren programme ; the 
studies in Schleswig-Holstein and Oberpfalz were 
precursors to actions supported by the Demonstration 
Programme, and improved the targeting of Community funds. 
In general, where follow-up actions have been taken, the 
long-term benefits are often large in relation to the cost 
of the studies. However, a strict account of action 
recommended and action implemented would show that there 
are many recommendations which are not yet implemented. 
This is because implementation is mainly a function of the 
capacity to act, which however, is often beyond the 
control of the study team. Thus, there is scope for an 
increase in the implementation of the results of the 
act ion. 
(1) Provence, Alpss, Côte d'Azur 
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b) Improving Integration of energy policies at different 
levels 
In the course of a study, important interactions have 
taken place between the various actors involved, 
institutions, business, local politicians, and decision­
makers. This has contributed to the better understanding 
and integration of the various regional „ national, and 
Community policies, thus making them clearer and more 
relevant. 
Studies have often served as objective reference 
information for discussion among regional decision-makers, 
enabling them to take more balanced choices between energy 
and environment, and energy and employment matters, and 
increasing awareness of the implications of the various 
regional energy planning decisions. 
Thus, the studies have often influenced existing plans or 
led to new plans and they continue to be widely used for 
defining national or regional energy conservation 
programmes. 
This is the case in e.g. Nord-Pas de Calais, Catalonia, 
Valencia, Lombardy, Berlin, Ireland, where the investments 
were supported by various regional or national financial 
incentives ; in Bornholm, Denmark, where the study was a 
valuable input to the National Energy Plan, following the 
Brundtlandt report on the environment. 
The studies have oriented the action supported by other 
Community energy programmes and actions (eg. THERMIE, 
VALOREN, SAVE). * 
An important role has been played by the steering 
committees (1), which in some cases, were set up for the 
purpose and the duration of the study. However, the 
establishment of such committees and the regularity of 
their meetings were not sufficient, and there is scope for 
improvement in this area. 
c) Establishing a regional capacity to handle energy issues. 
For some regions, the Community supported energy planning 
studies which have been the catalyst for strengthening or 
creating a regional capacity to undertake energy studies 
and plans (eg. in Cornwall-UK, Madeira-P, OberpfaIz-FRG, 
Basque Country-E, PACA-F, etc.). In fact, the most 
effective studies were those where the regional or local 
authorities were directly involved in financial or other 
aspects of the study process, and where the core of the 
study team continued to exist after completion of the 
study. 
(l) These committees consisted of representatives of the main parties Involved, such as outhoritlee (including the 
Commission), utilities, consumer organisations, etc. 
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Some studies were carried out by consultants external to 
the region without the effective participation of the 
regional or local authorities. More than 200 consultants 
were involved, many of whom were trained in the process of 
the Community's action. As a consequence, a large number 
of studies, although important from the technical point of 
view, may have had relatively little impact in a given 
region. There is thus scope for improvement in this area. 
d) Development of methods of energy planning, improvement In 
the energy data base at regional level. 
The action has contributed to the improvement and 
refinement of methods and tools for energy planning and to 
the development of new ones (eg. computer-aided energy 
flow analysis and energy - employment interactions, etc.). 
Also, it has contributed to a substantial improvement of 
v the energy data base of the Community at the subnational 
level. The improvement of the energy balance has been 
achieved in several regions of the Community and the 
regional energy potential has been quantified. 
However, these methods and data bases have not been fully 
exploited yet at the Community level, and there is thus 
scope for further action. 
9 -
V. PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE FUTURE 
The orientât ions 
22. The Community energy planning action will continue to develop 
on the basis of the energy policy objectives set for 1995, and 
the position on climate change policy adopted by the Energy 
and Environment Council on 29th October 1990. It will also 
take into account recent developments on the world scene and 
discussions at the European Energy Conference^1 ). 
Furthermore, it will aim to contribute to the realisation of 
the internal market by the year 1993 and to greater social and 
economic cohesion between regions and to greater Community 
integration. Last but not least, it will aim to transfer the 
results of the action outside the EC, and in particular to 
Eastern and Central European countries. 
23. In particular, this action will support and assist other 
Community energy programmes, such as those for energy 
technology development and promotion (THERMIE), and improved 
energy efficiency (SAVE), etc. It will be coordinated with the 
Community Support Framework programmes and initiatives set up 
in the framework of the Community's structural funds, thus 
becoming an integral part of the flanking policies of the 
Community. It will also continue to give valuable support to 
energy analysis activities, at local, regional, and national 
levels. Finally, it will take the* principle of subsidiarity 
with the Member states into consideration. 
24. On the basis of the above orientations and taking into account 
the results of the evaluation mentioned under section IV, the 
Commission is setting the following priorities for its action 
for the next years (1991-1993). 
A. Priority areas for new activities 
In general, the following priority areas will be considered 
for future activities : 
a) the frontier and transfrontier regions : the aim will be 
to strengthen Community integration. Particular attention 
will be paid to activities undertaken with the co­
operation of two or more regions of different member 
states. 
(1) "Energy for a New Century - The Europeon perspective" - Brussels, 3-4 May 1990. 
- 10 -
b) the least developed regions eg. the ultraperipheral and 
isolated, rural and economically declining regions, should 
receive priority in the context of the aim of the Single 
European Act for greater social and economic cohesion. 
These areas are particularly suited to the economic 
exploitation of renewable energies, and for energy saving 
programmes with high local employment content. 
c) energy planning and environment in the urban areas. As is 
known, more than 80 % of the European population lives and 
works in cities. It follows that most of the energy 
consumption (of commercial, domestic, and transport 
sectors) takes place in cities. This has had detrimental 
consequences for their environment, the health of their 
population and their architectural heritage. 
The lines of action that will be undertaken will be in 
accordance with the recent Communication of the 
Commission to the Council and the European Parliament 
concerning the urban environment ("Green Book")^1), and 
consistent with the spirit of the Single European Act 
concerning the environment^2^ 
d) feasibility studies for energy investments, in particular 
those covering issues common to more than one region from 
different Member States of the Community. These studies 
appear to be worthwhile in view of preparation of concrete 
energy investment projects of Community interest in the 
framework of the flanking policies. 
e) the study of the influence of local and regional 
authorities on the use of energy. Local authorities by 
themselves can be large users of energy. They often 
operate large energy using estates, eg. housing, schools, 
offices, hospitals, and institutions. Furthermore, they 
are regulatory bodies with influence on building 
standards, on the licensing and even the encouragement of 
appropriate renewable energies, and on the establishment 
of zones for industrial development. 
(1) COM (90) 218 final : '5.6 (g) Energy planning in cities 
Energy planning In cities can reduce the energy requirement considerably . 
This is a preventive means of avoiding pollution ot the *om* time. It Is based on an analysis of the energy 
consumption structure as well as the possibilities for exploiting local energy resources. 
Suggested lines of action : 
That the Community continue ond intensify Its octlvltles In urban energy monag*fr>ent, seeking In particular to 
encourage and assist the cities in order to take steps towards urbon energy planning measures, to disseminate 
useful advice on appropriate means in this framework, e.g. on building design for energy eoving ond further to 
demonstrate the benefits of various energy conservation techniques by pilot projects. 
(2) Article 130R 42. Action by the Community relating to the environment shall be based on the principles that 
preventive action should be token, that environmental damage should, as a priority, be rectified at source, ond 
that the polluter should pay. Environmental protection requirement* shall be a component of the Commun Ity's other 
polIci es. 
(3. In preparing Its action relating to the environment, the Community shall take account of : 
(i) available scientific and technical data: 
(II) environmental conditions in the various regions of the 
Corxnun I ty ; 
(ill) the potential benefits and costs of octlon or of 'aek of action; 
(cv) the economic and social development of the Community os a whole and the balonced development of its 
regions. ** 
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B. Supporting Actions 
There is an important role for supporting actions which 
could assist the implementation of the results and 
increase the impact of energy planning studies (see point 
IV 21.c) ). These actions will be taken up in close co­
operation with other energy programmes such as THERMIE and 
SAVE. To this end, the following actions will be 
considered : 
a) dissemination of results of the most representative 
studies : there is an important stock of experience 
which will be more systematically made available to 
all interested parties. To this end, the following 
possibilities are considered : 
. publications similar to the "flag brochures" of the 
Demonstration projects, to be made available to those 
interested in the energy planning activities and 
particularly to regional and local authorities and 
organisations and expert groups ; 
. preparation of a practical guide to energy planning 
at regional level that could be made available to 
authorities, organisations, consultants, and experts. 
The aim of such a handbook would be to assist in 
better defining the methods and instruments, and 
identifying the appropriate expertise in energy 
planning; 
b) mutual exchanges of experience by the organizing of 
conferences, seminars, and workshops, targeted mainly 
at decision-makers at regional and local levels. The 
objective would be the integration of energy in the 
wider context of regional planning. 
c) support for the re-inforcement or creation of local 
energy teams, with adequate means to study and promote 
actions and projects on energy efficiency and the 
encouragement of local energy sources. 
25. On the basis of the guidelines outlined above, the Commission 
published in March 1990 and in January 1991 invitations to 
submit proposals^1) within the following main areas 
- regional energy planning studies 
- feasibility studies 
- energy management and environment at the urban level 
(1) (O.J. C 77. 27.03.1990 - O.J. C 12. 18.01.91). An open Invitation published in 1989 was limited only to Issues 
concerning energy-environment at urban level (O.J. C 192, 29.07.1989) 
- 12 -
The success of these invitations was manifold : wide publicity 
for past and present action, wide response (more than 200 
proposals from regional and city authorities) and a collection 
of interesting ideas for future consideration both in the 
context of this action and in that of other EC energy 
programmes such as THERMIE and SAVE. 
26. The Commission intends to continue with this action in 1992 
and 1993 on the basis of the guidelines mentioned above. The 
level of the financial appropriations will be determined in 
the framework of the annual budgetary procedures. Before the 
end of 1993, the results of the action will be evaluated, the 
Commission considers that its objective will be attained when 
most of the regions have adequate energy planning ; this 
objective might be attained by the end of 1993 if regions make 
the appropriate effort. 
VI. CONCLUSIONS 
27. Having regard to the above considerations, the Council is 
invited to : 
Take note of the Commission's report 
Endorse the Commission's guidelines and priorities for 
future action 
Take note of the Commission's intention of informing the 
Council, the European Parliament and the Economic and 
Social Committee of the results of this action before the 
end of 1993 at the latest. 
•** 
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ANNEXE 
MAJOR CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS 
ON ENERGY PLANNING 
ORGANIZED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY 
1985 Regional Energy Planning in the Federal Republic of Germany 
and the European Community (Berlin) 
1986 Energy Planning in the European Community and in the Third 
World (Luxembourg) 
1987 EC Seminar on Energy Systems, Regional Development and 
Environmental Quality (Brussels) 
1987 Energy Planning in the Community and in the Developing 
Countries (Marseilles) 
1988 The Employment Dimension in Regional Energy Planning (Lemnos, 
Greece) 
1988 Urban Energy Planning and Environmental Management (Rome) 
1988 Regional Energy Planning in the European Communities (Madrid) 
1989 Environmental Economy in Towns (Berlin) 
1989 Regional Energy Conference (Newcastle-upon-Tyne) 
1990 Renewable Energy and Cleaner Technology - Interregional 
Cooperation in the Community (Storstrdm , DK) 
1990 Implementation of the Results of the Energy Planning Study in 
Madeira (March) and Alentejo (June) 
1990 Energy Issues in EC Islands (Crete, Greece) 
1991 Energy in Urban Environment : event in Mannheim on 7 and 8 
February 1991. 
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FICHE FINANCIERE B4-1040 et B8-4140 
VOLET 1: IMPLICATIONS FINANCIERES 
1. Intitulé de I'action: 
PROGRAMMATION ENERGETIQUE 
2. Lignes budgétaires concernées: 
B4-1040 et 8-4140 
3. Base légale: 
Décision du Conseil du 30 octobre 1978. 
Conclusions du Conseil européen des 21 et 22 juin 1979. 
Communications de la Commission du 07.03.80, du 02.10.81 et du 
10.06.82. 
Recommandations du Conseil du 15.06.82, du 13.07.82 et du 
28.07.82. 
Résolution du Conseil du 16 septembre 1986 concernant de 
nouveaux objectifs de politique énergétique communautaire pour 
1995 et la convergence des politiques des Etats membres (JO n 
C241 du 25.09.86, p. 1). 
Communication de la Commission du 21.2.91 
(C0M(91)53) et conclusions du Conseil du 
4. Description de l'action: 
L'action comporte deux volets: Programmation Energétique dans 
la Communauté et Programmation Energétique hors Communauté (Pays en 
voie de développement et de l'Europe de l'Est). 
4.1 Objectifs spécifiques de l'action (voir annexe 1): 
- Promotion de la programmation énergétique ciblée sur 
certains pays tiers et certaines régions et villes de la 
Communauté. 
- Mei Meure ut iI Isat ion et exploi tat ion des ressources 
énergétiques en milieu rural. 
- Assistance technique, formation, analyses, subventions, 
diffusion des connaissances. 
~/\S-
4.2 Durée: 
- Action piuriannuel le : en 1993, il sera procédé à une 
évaluât ion. 
En ce qui concerne l'action au niveau régional dans la 
Communauté, l'objectif sera considéré comme atteint dès que 
les régions se seront dotées d'une programmation énergétique 
adéquate; ceci pourrait être le cas fin 1993 si l'effort et 
l'engagement des régions sont conséquents. 
4.3 Population visée par l'action (Etats, régions, colectivites 
locales, PME/PMI, planificateurs et formateurs): 
- L'ensemble de la Communauté. 
- Hors Communauté: 
Pays en voie de développement et de l'Europe de l'Est. 
5. Classification de la dépense ou des recettes: 
5.1 DNO 
5.2 CD 
5.3 Types de recettes visées: néant. 
6. Quelle est la nature de la dépense ou des recettes: 
6.1 Subvention à 100%: de façon marginale. 
6.2 Subvention pour cofinancement avec d'autres sources du secteur 
public et/ou pr ivé: constitue l'essentiel des actions (voir 
annexe 2) 
6.3 Bonification d'intérêt: non. 
6.4 Autres 
Contrats d'entreprise. 
6.5 et 6.6 
Pas de recettes ni de remboursements. 
-46-
7. Incidence financière sur les crédits d'intervention (partie B du 
budget): 
7.1 Mode de calcul du coût total de l'action: 
- Montant demandé pour l'ensemble des actions prévues en 1992 
par la ligne 4.1040 : 9 mi iI ions d'écus (voir annexe 3) 
7.2 Indiquez la part du "mini-budget" dans le coût total de 
l'action: 5,67% 
7.3 Echéancier indicatif des crédits d'engagement et de paiement: 
RAl<91 21 22 _22_ _24_ _2£_ >9j& 
Engagements: 9,3 8,4 9,0 10„5 11 11,5 
Paiements: 7,4 8,0 7„0 7,4 8,9 21 
8. Dispositifs anti-fraude: 
Les contrats passés sont payés sur base de dépenses réelles et 
après contrôle des pièces justificatives (sauf les études et les 
analyses qui sont forfaitaires et payés sur résultats acceptés). 
VOLET 3 : ELEMENTS D'ANALYSE COUT-EFFICACITE 
Objectifs et cohérence avec la programmation financière 
1.1 Cette action est de nature à améliorer l'analyse de la 
situation énergétique des régions et la préparation des 
décisions sur les investissements énergétiques, notamment en 
matière d'utilisation efficace de l'énergie et d'exploitation 
des ressources locales. D'autre part, s'adressant 
prioritairement dans les années à venir aux régions n'ayant 
pas encore développé une planification énergétique ainsi qu'à 
celles isolées ou périphériques et particulièrement sensibles 
aux problèmes énergétiques, elle contribuera à leur 
développement économique et sociale et à leur intégration dans 
la Communauté. 
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En outre, hors Communauté: 
1.1.1. Connaissance: Concentration des actions sur 20 pays 
t iers/Organisat ions Internationales. 
1.1.2. Contribution CEE: Recherche intégrée des PVD dans le 
cadre du réseau COPED (Cooperate Programme on Energy and 
Development). 
1.3 Objectif plus général défini dans la programmation financière 
de la DG XVII auquel correspond l'objectif de l'action 
proposée: 
Politique énergétique. 
2. Justification de l'action. 
L'action communautaire incite les régions et les villes à se doter 
d'une programmation énergétique. Sans cette action, plusieurs 
régions et villes communautaires ne pourraient pas profiter des 
échanges d'expériences et des résultats positifs. 
La coopération avec les PVD en matière de planification énergétique 
se concentre sur les pays les plus gros consommateurs d'énergie et 
avec les organisations régionales de l'énergie. Ceci assure un 
meilleur effet multiplicateur et un meilleur rapport coût-
efficacité comparé à une action développée dans un plus grand 
nombre de petit pays. 
L'action de la Commission catalyse des multiples activités dérivés 
sur le plan national (établissement de centres, plans énergétiques, 
cours de formation, etc). 
Effets dérivés: 
La programmation énergétique régionale se veut être cohérente avec 
les objectifs généraux de la politique communautaire et contribuer 
à leur réaI i sat ion. 
C'est ainsi qu'elle participe tout d'abord à la réalisation de la 
politique énergétique de la Communauté, notamment dans les domaines 
de l'utilisation rationnelle de l'énergie et de l'exploitation de 
sources endogènes nouvelles et renouvelables. En effet, c'est à 
l'échelon régional ou local que les potentialités de ces deux 
"sources" d'énergie peuvent être le plus adéquatement évaluées et 
exploi tées. 
Elle participe aussi à la protection de l'environnement, cette 
préoccupation dont l'importance croissante influe sur la politique 
énergétique communautaire. C'est ainsi que plusieurs 
manifestations ayant pour objet la programmation énergétique ont 
montré que c'est la région, la ville ou, de manière générale, le 
niveau infra-national qui est l'échelon le plus approprié pour 
analyser un grand nombre d'interactions entre l'énergie et 
l'environnement, et pour décider, en bien de cas, des politiques 
nécessai res. 
Enfin, la programmation énergétique contribue à donner sa dimension 
socio-économique à l'énergie, ce qui est implicite dans les 
objectifs énergétiques communautaires pour 1995, adoptés par le 
Conseil des ministres. En particulier, elle permet d'évaluer dans 
quelle mesure l'énergie peut être un facteur déterminant pour le 
développement global d'une région. 
Cette dimension socio-économique est encore mise en lumière par 
l'objectif de l'Acte unique européen de cohésion économique et 
sociale et d'intégration communautaire. L'action de la Communauté 
en matière de programmation énergétique régionale répond dès lors 
politiques d'accompagnement en faveur de la réduction des écarts 
socio-économiques entre régions de la Communauté. 
Effets multiplicateurs: 
L'action est de nature à mobiliser d'autres ressources financières 
publiques et privées, déjà au stade de l'élaboration des études, de 
façon complémentaire au soutien de la Commission, et au niveau 
successif des investissements. 
Le crédit annuel, porté à la ligne B4-1040 du budget, affecté à 
cette action dans la Communauté, a été modeste en comparaison de 
son effet multiplicateur. Il atteignait approximativement 2,5 
Mécus en 1989, et 3 Mécus en 1990. Signalons que ces fonds ont 
permis la mobilisation dans des proportions importantes de moyens 
complémentaires de sources régionales et privées. 
Hors Communauté, l'action de la Commission catalyse de multiples 
activités sur le plan national (établissement de centres, plans 
énergétiques, cours de formation), ainsi que des prestations en 
nature (cf. Annexe 2, point 6.2.2.). 
èJt&LE-l 
FICHE FINANCIERE B4-1040 ftt B&-414Q 
Objectifs spécifiques de l'action dans ta Communauté: 
- Promotion de la programmation énergétique au niveau 
régional et des études de faisabilité qui en découlent. 
- Promotion de programmes visant l'amélioration de la 
planification, de l'organisation et du monitorage de 
l'utilisation de l'énergie et de ses relations avec 
l'environnement en milieu urbain. 
- Promotion d'actions visant l'utilisation et 
l'exploitation des ressources énergétiques en milieu 
rural. 
- Assistance au renforcement et à la création d'organismes 
de programmation énergétique régionale et de conseil aux 
collectivités locales at aux PME/PMI. 
- Diffusion des connaisances relatives aux actions ci-
dessus. 
Objectifs spécifiques de l'action hors Communauté: 
- Connaissance de la situation locale: 
L'établissement d'inventaires énergétiques et d'analyses 
de besoins et de ressources dans chacun des pays extra­
communautaires couverts. 
- Contribution de la CEE à la programmation énergétique 
locale: 
Assistance technique, formation, diffusion et 
subventions. Integration des pays tiers choisis dans le 
réseau COPED (Cooperate Programme on Energy and 
Development). 
ANNEXE 2 
Subvention pour cofinancement avec d'autres sources du 
secteur public et/ou privé: 
Dans la Communauté: 
- Financement, à frais partagés avec les 
autorités/collectivités/organismes régionaux/locaux, 
d'études visant l'analyse de la situation énergétique, 
les bilans, les plans d'action, la faisabilité, les 
méthodes de gestion et de monitorage en vue notamment 
d'améliorer la situation de l'approvisionnement 
énergétique. 
Une première invitation à soumettre des propositions a 
été publiée en mars 1990 (1); elle a été suivie par 
celle publiée en janvier 1991 (2). En 1992 il sera 
procédé de la même façon, une invitation à soumettre des 
propositions sera publiée au début de 1992. La sélection 
sera effectuée en mai/juin et la décision sera 
communiquée aux intéressés en juillet 1992. 
Hors Communaté: 
Les contributions financières accordées a certaines 
administrations nationales hors Communauté, 
s'accompagnent le plus souvent d'une participation 
nationale sans que la proportion en soit imposée. 
(1) J.O. n* C77 du 27.3.1990 
(2) J.O. n° C12 du 18.1.1991 
ANNEXE 3 
7.1.1. Montant prévu pour l'action de "Programmation énergétique 
dans la Communaté": 
pour l'invitation a soumettre des propositions en 1992 (en 
principe, 10 régions, 15 villes et 15 études de 
faisabilité, à raison de 100.000 écus en moyenne par 
action). 
7.1.2. L'exécution des travaux et des enquêtes en vue de la 
réalisation des bilans énergétiques et frais de gestion et 
d'accompagnement y afférents. 
Le paiement d'experts extra-muros et de tous frais y 
afférents, et le matériel d'accompagnement. 
Contrats d'entreprise: 
Prév. nombre hommes/moi s : 176 
Coût moyen h/m (tous frais inclus): 13.520 ECU 
Total : 2.380.000 ECU 
Organisation de visites et voyages d'experts: 
Prév. nombre de missions: 75 
Coût moyen: 5.200 ECU 
Total : 390.000 ECU 
7.1.3. Les frais pour la réalisation d'études: 
Etudes: 
Prév. nombre d'études: 17 
Coût moyen: 100.000 ECU 
Total : 1.700.000 ECU 
7.1.4. Les frais d'organisation et de participation de séminaires 
ou de conférences. 
Les frais d'organisation et de participation à la formation 
de planificateurs énergétiques. 
Sém i na i res/Conférences: 
Prév. nombre de Sém/Conf: 6 
Coût moyen: 66.670 ECU 
Total : 400.000 ECU 
Bourses: 
Prév. nombre de bourses: 15 
Coût moyen: 8.670 ECU 
Total : 130.000 ECU 

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COM(91) 53 final 
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