NoC156/4 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 23.6.92
II
(PreparatoryActs)
COMMISSION
ProposalforaCouncilDirectiveonthelegalprotectionofdatabases
(92/C156/03)
COM(92)24final—SYN393
(SubmittedbytheCommissionon15April1992)
THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,presenttimeadverselyaffectingtheestablishment
andfunctioningoftheinternalmarketorthedevel­
opmentofaninformationmarketwithinthe
CommunityneednotbeaddressedinthisDirective;HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropean
EconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticles57(2),
66,and100athereof,
HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission,4.Whereascopyrightprotectionfordatabasesexistsin
varyingformsinanumberofMemberStates
accordingtolegislationorcase-lawandsuchunhar­
monizedintellectualpropertyrights,beingterritorial
innature,canhavetheeffectofpreventingthefree
movementofgoodsorserviceswithinthe
Communityifdifferencesinthescope,conditions
derogationsortermofprotectionremainbetween
thelegislationoftheMemberStates;IncooperationwiththeEuropeanParliament,
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicand
SocialCommittee,
1.Whereasdatabasesareatpresentnotclearly
protectedinallMemberStatesbyexistinglegislation
andsuchprotection,whereitexists,hasdifferent
attributes;5.Whereasalthoughcopyrightremainsanappropriate
formofexclusiverightforthelegalprotectionof
databasesandinparticularanappropriatemeansto
securetheremuneration oftheauthorwhohas
createdadatabase,inadditiontocopyright
protection,andintheabsenceasyetofa
harmonizedsystemofunfaircompetitionlegislation
orofcase-lawintheMemberStates,othermeasures
arerequiredtopreventunfairextractionand
re-utilizationofthecontentsofadatabase;
6.Whereasdatabasedevelopment requiresthe
investmentofconsiderablehuman,technicaland
financialresourceswhilesuchdatabasescanbe
copiedatafractionofthecostneededtodevelop
themindependently ;2.Whereassuchdifferencesinthelegalprotection
offeredbythelegislationoftheMemberStateshave
directandnegativeeffectsontheestablishmentand
functioningoftheinternalmarketasregards
databasesandinparticularonthefreedomofindi­
vidualsandcompaniestoprovideon-linedatabase
goodsandservicesonanequallegalbasis
throughouttheCommunity;whereassuch
differencescouldwellbecomemorepronouncedas
MemberStatesintroducenewlegislationonthis
subject,whichisnowtakingonanincreasingly
international dimension .7.Whereasunauthorized accesstoadatabaseand
removalofitscontentsconstituteactswhichcan
havethegravesteconomicandtechnicalconse­
quences;
3.Whereasexistingdifferenceshavingadistortive
effectontheestablishmentandfunctioningofthe
internalmarketneedtoberemovedandnewones
preventedfromarising,whiledifferencesnotatthe8.Whereasdatabasesareavitaltoolinthedevel­
opmentofaninformationmarketwithinthe

23.6.92 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC156/5
Community;whereasthistoolwillbeofusetoa
largevarietyofotheractivitiesandindustries;astexts,sounds,images,numbers,facts,dataor
combinationsofanyofthese;
9.Whereastheexponentialgrowth,intheCommunity
andworldwide,intheamountofinformation
generatedandprocessedannuallyinallsectorsof
commerceandindustryrequiresinvestmentinallthe
MemberStatesinadvancedinformation
management systems;17.Whereastheprotectionofadatabaseshouldextend
totheelectronicmaterialswithoutwhichthe
contentsselectedandarrangedbythemakerofthe
databasecannotbeused,suchas,forexample,the
systemmadetoobtaininformationandpresent
informationtotheuserinelectronicornon-elec­
tronicform,andtheindexationandthesaurusused
intheconstructionoroperationofthedatabase;
10.Whereasacorrespondingly highrateofincreasein
publicationsofliterary,artistic,musicalandother
worksnecessitatesthecreationofmodernarchiving,
bibliographicandaccessingtechniques,toenable
consumerstohaveattheirdisposalthemostcompre­
hensivecollectionoftheCommunity'sheritage;18.Whereasthetermdatabaseshouldnotbetakento
extendtoanycomputerprogrammeusedinthe
constructionoroperationofadatabase,which
accordinglyremainprotectedbyCouncilDirective
91/250/EEC(l);
11.Whereasthereisatthepresenttimeagreat
imbalanceinthelevelofinvestmentindatabase
creationbothasbetweentheMemberStatesthem­
selves,andbetweentheCommunityandtheworld's
largestdatabase-producing countries;19.WhereastheDirectiveshouldbetakenasapplying
onlytocollectionswhicharemadebyelectronic
means,butiswithoutprejudicetotheprotection
undercopyrightascollections,withinthemeaning
ofArticle2(5)oftheBerneConventionforthe
ProtectionofLiteraryandArtisticWorks(textof
ParisActof1971)andunderthelegislationofthe
MemberStates,ofcollectionsmadebyothermeans;12.Whereassuchaninvestmentinmoderninformation
storageandretrievalsystemswillnottakeplace
withintheCommunityunlessastableanduniform
legalprotectionregimeisintroducedforthe
protectionoftherightsofauthorsofdatabasesand
therepressionofactsofpiracyandunfaircompe­
tition;20.Whereasworksprotectedbycopyrightorbyany
otherrights,whichareincorporatedintoadatabase,
remaintheobjectoftheirauthor'sexclusiverights
andmaynotthereforebeincorporatedintoor
reproducedfromthedatabasewithoutthe
permissionoftheauthororhissuccessorsintitle;
13.WhereasthisDirectiveprotectscollections,
sometimescalledcompilations,ofworksorother
materialswhosearrangement,storageandaccessis
performedbymeanswhichincludeelectronic,
electromagnetic orelectro-optical processesor
analogousprocesses;21.Whereastherightsoftheauthorofsuchworks
incorporatedintoadatabasearenotinanyway
affectedbytheexistenceofaseparaterightinthe
originalselectionorarrangementoftheseworksina
database;
14.Whereasthecriteriabywhichsuchcollectionsshall
beeligibleforprotectionbycopyrightshouldbethat
theauthor,ineffectingtheselectionorthe
arrangementofthecontentsofthedatabase,has
madeanintellectualcreation;22.Whereasthemoralrightsofthenaturalpersonwho
hascreatedthedatabaseshouldbeownedand
exercisedaccordingtotheprovisionsofthelegis­
lationoftheMemberStatesconsistentwiththe
provisionsoftheBerneConvention,andremain
thereforeoutsidethescopeofthisDirective;
15.Whereasnocriteriaotherthanoriginalityinthe
senseofintellectualcreationshouldbeappliedto
determinetheeligibilityofthedatabasefor
copyrightprotection,andinparticularnoaesthetic
orqualitativecriteriashouldbeapplied;23.Whereastheauthor'sexclusiverightsshouldinclude
therighttodeterminethewayinwhichhisworkis
exploitedandbywhom,andinparticulartocontrol
theavailabilityofhisworktounauthorizedpersons;
16.Whereasthetermdatabaseshouldbeunderstoodto
includecollectionsofworks,whetherliterary,
artistic,musicalorother,orofothermaterialsuch(')OJNoL122,17.5.1991,p.42.

NoC156/6 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 23.6.92
asanextensionofcopyrightprotectiontomerefacts
ordata;24.Whereas,nevertheless,oncetherightholderhas
chosentomakeavailableacopyofthedatabasetoa
user,whetherbyanon-lineserviceorbyother
meansofdistribution,thatlawfulusermustbeable
toaccessandusethedatabase,forthepurposesand
inthewaysetoutintheagreementwiththe
rightholder,evenifsuchaccessandusenecessitate
performanceofotherwiserestrictedacts;30.Whereastheexistenceofarighttopreventthe
extractionandre-utilization forcommercial
purposesofworksormaterialsfromagiven
databaseshouldnotgiverisetothecreationofany
independentrightintheworksormaterialsthem­
selves;
25.Whereasiftheuserandtherightholderhavenot
concludedanagreementregulatingtheusewhich
maybemadeofthedatabase,thelawfulusershould
bepresumedtobeabletoperformanyofthe
restrictedactswhicharenecessaryforaccesstoand
useofthedatabase;31.Whereas,intheinterestsofcompetitionbetween
suppliersofinformationproductsandservices,the
makerofadatabasewhichiscommercially
distributed,whosedatabaseisthesolepossible
sourceofagivenworkormaterial,shouldmakethat
workormaterialavailableunderlicenceforuseby
others,providingthattheworksormaterialsso
licensedareusedintheindependentcreationofnew
works,andprovidingthatnopriorrightsinorobli­
gationsincurredinrespectofthoseworksor
materialsareinfringed;26.Whereasinrespectofreproductioninthelimited
circumstancesprovidedforintheBerneConvention,
ofthecontentsofthedatabasebythelawfuluser,
whetherinelectronicornon-electronic form,the
samerestrictionsandexceptionsshouldapplytothe
reproductionofsuchworksfromadatabaseas
wouldapplytothereproductionofthesameworks
madeavailabletothepublicbyotherformsof
exploitationordistribution ;32.Whereaslicencesgrantedinsuchcircumstances
shouldbefairandnon-discriminatory under
conditionstobeagreedwiththerightholder;
33.Whereassuchlicencesshouldnotberequestedfor
reasonsofcommercialexpediencysuchaseconomy
oftime,effortorfinancialinvestment;27.Whereastheincreasinguseofdigitalrecordingtech­
nologyexposesthedatabasemakertotheriskthat
thecontentsofhisdatabasemaybedownloadedand
re-arrangedelectronicallywithouthisauthorization
toproduceadatabaseofidenticalcontentbutwhich
doesnotinfringeanycopyrightinthearrangement
ofhisdatabase; 34.Whereasintheeventthatlicencesarerefusedorthe
partiescannotreachagreementonthetermstobe
concluded,asystemofarbitrationshouldbe
providedforbytheMemberStates;
28.Whereasinadditiontoprotectingthecopyrightin
theoriginalselectionorarrangementofthecontents
ofadatabasethisDirectiveseekstosafeguardthe
positionofmakersofdatabasesaginstmisappro­
priationoftheresultsofthefinancialand
professionalinvestmentincurredinobtainingand
collectingdatabyprovidingthatcertainactsdonein
relationtothecontentsofadatabasearesubjectto
restrictionevenwhensuchcontentsarenotthem­
selvesprotectedbycopyrightorotherrights;35.Whereaslicencesmaynotberefusedinrespectof
theextractionandre-utilization ofworksor
materialsfromapubliclyavailabledatabasecreated
byapublicbodyprovidingthatsuchactsdonot
infringethelegislationorinternationalobligationsof
MemberStatesortheCommunityinrespectof
matterssuchaspersonaldataprotection,privacy,
securityorconfidentiality ;
29.Whereassuchprotectionofthecontentsofa
databaseistobeachievedbyaspecialrightbywhich
themakerofadatabasecanpreventtheunauth­
orizedextractionorre-utilization ofthecontentsof
thatdatabaseforcommercialpurposes;whereasthis
specialright(hereaftercalled'arighttoprevent
unfairextraction')isnottobeconsideredinanyway36.Whereastheobjectiveoftheprovisionsofthis
Directive,whichistoaffordanappropriateand
uniformlevelofprotectionofdatabasesasameans
ofsecuringtheremunerationoftheauthorwhohas
createdthedatabase,isdifferentfromtheaimsof
theproposalforaCouncilDirectiveconcerningthe
protectionofindividualsinrelationtotheprocessing

23.6.92 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC156/7
ofpersonaldata('),whicharetoguaranteefree
circulationofpersonaldataonthebasisofa
harmonizedstandardofrulesdesignedtoprotectthe
fundamentalrights,notablytherighttoprivacy
whichisrecognizedinArticle8oftheEuropean
ConventionfortheProtectionofHumanRightsand
FundamentalFreedoms;whereastheprovisionsof
thisDirectivearewithoutprejudicetothedata
protectionlegislation;
37.Whereas,notwithstanding therighttopreventunfair
extractionfromadatabase,itshouldstillbepossible
forthelawfulusertoquotefromorotherwiseuse,
forcommercialandprivatepurposes,thecontentsof
thedatabasewhichheisauthorizedtouse,
providingthatthisexceptionissubjecttonarrow
limitationsandisnotusedinawaywhichwould
conflictwiththeauthor'snormalexploitationofhis
workorwhichwouldunreasonablyprejudicehis
legitimateinterests;
38.Whereastherighttopreventunfairextractionfrom
adatabasemayonlybeextendedtodatabaseswhose
authorsormakersarenationalsorhabitualresidents
ofthirdcountriesandtothoseproducedby
companiesorfirmsnotestablishedinaMember
StatewithinthemeaningoftheTreatyifsuchthird
countriesoffercomparableprotectiontodatabases
producedbynationalsoftheMemberStatesor
habitualresidentsoftheCommunity ;
39.Whereas,inadditiontoremediesprovidedunderthe
legislationoftheMemberStatesforinfringementsof
copyrightorotherrights,MemberStatesshould
provideforappropriateremediesagainstunfair
extractionfromadatabase;
40.Whereasinadditiontotheprotectiongivenunder
thisDirectivetothedatabasebycopyright,andtoits
contentsagainstunfairextraction,otherlegal
provisionsexistinginthelawoftheMemberStates
relevanttothesupplyofdatabasegoodsandservices
shouldcontinuetoapply,operationofthedatabasesuchasitsthesaurus,index
orsystemforobtainingorpresentinginformation ;it
shallnotapplytoanycomputerprogrammeusedin
themakingoroperationofthedatabase;
2.'righttopreventunfairextraction'meanstherightof
themakerofadatabasetopreventactsofextraction
andre-utilizationofmaterialfromthatdatabasefor
commercialpurposes;
3.'insubstantialpart'meanspartsofadatabasewhose
reproduction,evaluatedquantitativelyandqualita­
tivelyinrelationtothedatabasefromwhichtheyare
copied,canbeconsiderednottoprejudicethe
exclusiverightsofthemakerofthatdatabaseto
exploitthedatabase;
4.'insubstantialchange'meansadditions,deletionsor
alterationstotheselectionorarrangementofthe
contentsofadatabasewhicharenecessaryforthe
databasetocontinuetofunctioninthewayitwas
intendedbyitsmakertofunction.
Article2
Objectofprotection:copyrightandrighttoprevent
unfairextractionfromadatabase
1.InaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisDirective,
MemberStatesshallprotectdatabasesbycopyrightas
collectionswithinthemeaningofArticle2(5)ofthe
BerneConventionfortheProtectionofLiteraryand
ArtisticWorks(textoftheParisActof1971).
2.Thedefinitionofdatabaseinpoint1ofArticle1is
withoutprejudicetotheprotectionbycopyrightof
collectionsofworksormaterialsarranged,storedor
accessedbynon-electronic means,whichaccordingly
remainprotectedtotheextentprovidedforbyArticle2
(5)oftheBerneConvention .
3.Adatabaseshallbeprotectedbycopyrightifitis
originalinthesensethatitisacollectionofworksor
materialswhich,byreasonoftheirselectionortheir
arrangement ,constitutestheauthor'sownintellectual
creation.Noothercriteriashallbeappliedtodetermine
theeligibilityofadatabaseforthisprotection .
4.Thecopyrightprotectionofadatabasegivenby
thisDirectiveshallnotextendtotheworksormaterials
containedtherein,irrespectiveofwhetherornottheyare
themselvesprotectedbycopyright;theprotectionofa
databaseshallbewithoutprejudicetoanyrights
subsistinginthoseworksormaterialsthemselves .
5.MemberStatesshallprovideforarightforthe
makerofadatabasetopreventtheunauthorized
extractionorre-utilization ,fromthatdatabase,ofitsHASADOPTEDTHISDIRECTIVE :
Article1
Definitions
ForthepurposesofthisDirective:
1.'database'meansacollectionofworksormaterials
arranged,storedandaccessedbyelectronicmeans,
andtheelectronicmaterialsnecessaryforthe
(')OJNoC277,5.11.1990,p.3.

NoC156/8 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 23.6.92
Article5
Restrictedacts:copyrightcontents,inwholeorinsubstantialpart,forcommercial
purposes.Thisrighttopreventunfairextractionofthe
contentsofadatabaseshallapplyirrespectiveofthe
eligibilityofthatdatabaseforprotectionunder
copyright.Itshallnotapplytothecontentsofadatabase
wheretheseareworksalreadyprotectedbycopyrightor
neighbouringrights. Theauthorshallhave,inrespectof:
—theselectionorarrangementofthecontentsofthe
database,and Article3
Authorship:copyright
—theelectronicmaterialreferredtoinpoint1of
Article1usedinthecreationoroperationofthe
database,
1.Theauthorofadatabaseshallbethenatural
personorgroupofnaturalpersonswhocreatedthe
databaseor,wherethelegislationoftheMemberStates
permits,thelegalpersondesignatedastherightholderby
thatlegislation.theexclusiverightwithinthemeaningofArticle2(1)to
doortoauthorize :
(a)thetemporaryorpermanentreproductionofthe
databasebyanymeansandinanyform,inwholeor
inpart;2.Wherecollectiveworksarerecognizedbythelegis­
lationofaMemberState,thepersonconsideredbythat
legislationtohavecreatedthedatabaseshallbedeemed
tobeitsauthor.
(b)thetranslation,adaptation,arrangementandany
otheralterationofthedatabase;
3.Inrespectofadatabasecreatedbyagroupof
naturalpersonsjointly,theexclusiverightsshallbe
ownedjointly. (c)thereproductionoftheresultsofanyofactslistedin
(a)or(b);
4.Whereadatabaseiscreatedbyanemployeeinthe
executionofhisdutiesorfollowingtheinstructions
givenbyhisemployer,theemployerexclusivelyshallbe
entitledtoexercisealleconomicrightsinthedatabaseso
created,unlessotherwiseprovidedbycontract.(d)anyformofdistributiontothepublic,including
rental,ofthedatabaseorofcopiesthereof.Thefirst
saleintheCommunityofacopyofthedatabaseby
therightholderorwithhisconsentshallexhaustthe
distributionrightwithintheCommunityofthat
copy,withtheexceptionoftherighttocontrol
furtherrentalofthedatabaseoracopythereof;
Article4
Incorporationofworksormaterialsintoadatabase(e)anycommunication ,displayorperformanceofthe
databasetothepublic.
1.Theincorporation intoadatabaseofbiblio­
graphicalmaterialorbriefabstracts,quotationsor
summarieswhichdonotsubstitutefortheoriginalworks
themselvesshallnotrequiretheauthorizationofthe
rightholderinthoseworks.Article6
ExceptionstotherestrictedactsenumeratedinArticle5:
copyrightintheselectionorarrangement
1.Thelawfuluserofadatabasemayperformanyof
theactslistedinArticle5whichisnecessaryinorderto
usethatdatabaseinthemannerdeterminedby
contractualarrangementswiththerightholder .2.Theincorporationintoadatabaseofotherworks
ormaterialsremainssubjecttoanycopyrightorother
rightsacquiredorobligationsincurredtherein.

23.6.92 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC156/9
discloseinformationpursuanttolegislation,orisundera
generaldutytodoso.2.Intheabsenceofanycontractualarrangements
betweentherightholderandtheuserofadatabasein
respectofitsuse,theperformancebythelawfulacquirer
ofadatabaseofanyoftheactslistedinArticle5which
isnecessaryinordertogainaccesstothecontentsofthe
databaseandusethereofshallnotrequiretheauth­
orizationoftherightholder .3.MemberStatesshallprovideappropriatemeasures
forarbitrationbetweenthepartiesinrespectofsuch
licences.
3.Theexceptionsreferredtoinparagraphs 1and2
relatetothesubjectmatterlistedinArticle5andare
withoutprejudicetoanyrightssubsistingintheworksor
materialscontainedinthedatabase.4.Thelawfuluserofadatabasemay,withoutauth­
orizationofthedatabasemaker,extractandre-utilize
insubstantialpartsofworksormaterialsfromadatabase
forcommercialpurposesprovidedthatacknowledgement
ismadeofthesource.
Article7
Exceptionstotherestrictedactsinrelationtothe
copyrightinthecontents5.Thelawfuluserofadatabasemay,without
authorization ofthedatabasemaker,andwithout
acknowledgement ofthesource,extractandre-utilize
insubstantialpartsofworksormaterialsfromthat
databaseforpersonalprivateuseonly.
6.TheprovisionsofthisArticleshallapplyonlytothe
extentthatsuchextractionandre-utilization doesnot
conflictwithanyotherpriorrightsorobligations,
includingthelegislationorinternationalobligationsof
theMemberStatesoroftheCommunityinrespectof
matterssuchaspersonaldataprotection,privacy,
securityorconfidentiality .1.MemberStatesshallapplythesameexceptionsto
anyexclusivecopyrightorotherrightsinrespectofthe
contentsofthedatabaseasthosewhichapplyinthe
legislationoftheMemberStatestotheworksor
materialsthemselvescontainedtherein,inrespectofbrief
quotations,andillustrationsforthepurposesofteaching,
providedthatsuchutilizationiscompatiblewithfair
practice.
Article9
Termsofprotection2.WherethelegislationoftheMemberStatesor
contractualarrangementsconcludedwiththerightholder
permittheuserofadatabasetocarryoutactswhichare
permittedasderogationstoanyexclusiverightsinthe
contentsofthedatabase,performanceofsuchactsshall
notbetakentoinfringethecopyrightinthedatabase
itselfprovidedforinArticle5.1.Thedurationoftheperiodofcopyrightprotection
ofthedatabaseshallbethesameasthatprovidedfor
literaryworks,withoutprejudicetoanyfuture
Communityharmonization ofthetermofprotectionof
copyrightandrelatedrights.Article8
Actsperformedinrelationtothecontentsofadatabase
—unfairextractionofthecontents2.Insubstantial changestotheselectionor
arrangementofthecontentsofadatabaseshallnot
extendtheoriginalperiodofcopyrightprotectionofthat
database.1.Notwithstanding therightprovidedforinArticle2
(5)topreventtheunauthorizedextractionandre-util­
izationofthecontentsofadatabase,iftheworksor
materialscontainedinadatabasewhichismadepublicly
availablecannotbeindependentlycreated,collectedor
obtainedfromanyothersource,therighttoextractand
re-utilize,inwholeorsubstantialpart,worksor
materialsfromthatdatabaseforcommercialpurposes,
shallbelicensedonfairandnon-discriminatory terms.3.Therighttopreventunfairextractionshallrun
fromthedateofcreationofthedatabaseandshallexpire
attheendofaperiodof10yearsfromthedatewhen
thedatabaseisfirstlawfullymadeavailabletothepublic.
Thetermofprotectiongiveninthisparagraphshallbe
deemedtobeginon1Januaryoftheyearfollowingthe
datewhenthedatabasewasfirstmadeavailable.
2.Therighttoextractandre-utilizethecontentsofa
databaseshallalsobelicensedonfairandnon-discrimi­
natorytermsifthedatabaseismadepubliclyavailableby
apublicbodywhichiseitherestablishedtoassembleor4.Insubstantialchangestothecontentsofadatabase
shallnotextendtheoriginalperiodofprotectionofthat
databasebytherighttopreventunfairextraction.

NoC156/10 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 23.6.92
Article10
Remedies
MemberStatesshallprovideappropriateremediesin
respectofinfringementsoftherightsprovidedforinthis
Directive .
Article11
Beneficiariesofprotectionunderrighttopreventunfair
extractionfromadatabaseArticle12
Continuedapplicationofotherlegalprovisions
1.TheprovisionsofthisDirectiveshallbewithout
prejudicetocopyrightoranyotherrightsubsistinginthe
worksormaterialsincorporatedintoadatabaseaswell
astootherlegalprovisionssuchaspatentrights,trade
marks,designrights,unfaircompetition,tradesecrets,
confidentiality ,dataprotectionandprivacy,andthelaw
ofcontractapplicabletothedatabaseitselfortoits
contents .
2.Protectionpursuanttotheprovisionsofthis
Directiveshallalsobeavailableinrespectofdatabases
createdpriortothedateofpublicationoftheDirective
withoutprejudicetoanycontractsconcludedandrights
acquiredbeforethatdate.
Article13
Finalprovisions
1.MemberStatesshallbringintoforcethelaws,
regulationsandadministrative provisionsnecessaryto
complywiththisDirectivebefore1January1993.
WhenMemberStatesadopttheseprovisions,theseshall
containareferencetothisDirectiveorshallbeaccom­
paniedbysuchreferenceatthetimeoftheirofficial
publication .Theprocedureforsuchreferenceshallbe
adoptedbyMemberStates.
2.MemberStatesshallcommunicate tothe
Commissiontheprovisionsofnationallawwhichthey
adoptinthefieldcoveredbythisDirective.
Article14
ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates.1.ProtectiongrantedpursuanttothisDirectivetothe
contentsofadatabaseagainstunfairextractionor
re-utilizationshallapplytodatabaseswhosemakersare
nationalsoftheMemberStateorwhohavetheir
habitualresidenceontheterritoryoftheCommunity .
2.Wheredatabasesarecreatedundertheprovisions
ofArticle3(4),paragraph 1aboveshallalsoapplyto
companiesandfirmsformedinaccordancewiththe
legislationofaMemberStateandhavingtheirregistered
office,centraladministration orprincipalplaceof
businesswithintheCommunity .Shouldthecompanyor
firmformedinaccordancewiththelegislationofa
MemberStatehaveonlyitsregisteredofficeinthe
territoryoftheCommunity,itsoperationsmustpossess
aneffectiveandcontinuouslinkwiththeeconomyof
oneoftheMemberStates.
3.Agreementsextendingtherighttopreventunfair
extractiontodatabasesproducedinthirdcountriesand
fallingoutsidetheprovisionsofparagraphs 1and2shall
beconcludedbytheCouncilactingonaproposalfrom
theCommission .Thetermofanyprotectionextendedto
databasesbyvirtueofthisprocedureshallnotexceed
thatavailablepursuanttoArticle9(3).