COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
COM(93) 486 final 
Brussels, 1 October 1993 
ti^êÊÊ COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION 
Future relations with Switzerland 
«Ë3 
mmSm 
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 
The Community and Switzerland: future relations <L 
In a referendum held on 6 December 1992, the Swiss electorate 
rejected the EEA Agreement, causing substantial delay in its 
entry into force with respect to the other parties to the 
Agreement. The Swiss government has made it clear that 
although the options of EEA and, indeed, Community membership 
remain open, no action will be taken until the time is ripe. 
In the meantime, Switzerland has requested the opening of 
negotiations with a view to the conclusion of new bilateral 
agreements in a wide range of areas. At its meeting of 14 
September 1993, the Commission formally agreed the general 
approach set out in this note. 
It is proposed that negotiations be opened in a number of 
areas, with a view to the conclusion of new sectoral 
agreements between the Community and Switzerland on the basis 
of an overall balance of mutual advantage. It is further 
proposed that negotiations be opened first in the areas of air 
and road transport and of free movement of persons. At an 
appropriate time, a definition of priorities could take place, 
allowing negotiations in other areas (e.g. research and market 
access for agricultural goods), in accordance with the general 
principles outlined in this paper, and with the aim of 
advancing the Community's interests. 
The Council is asked to endorse the approach which the 
Commission proposes to take with regard to future relations 
with Switzerland. The first concrete application of this 
approach will be in the context of negotiations in the areas 
of air and road transport, and of free movement of persons. 
±o. 
The community and Switzerland; future relations 
Context 
1. On 2 May 1992, the European Community and its member 
States, and the member States of the European Free Trade 
Association, concluded an Agreement establishing a 
European Economic Area (EEA), designed to extend the 
benefits of the Single Market, including the freedom of 
movement of goods, services, capital and persons, to a 
total of nineteen countries, and to broaden and 
strengthen cooperation in other areas. 
2. In parallel with the EEA Agreement, Switzerland 
established bilateral Agreements with the Community in 
the areas of trade in agricultural products and of 
transit facilities for transport of goods by road and 
rail. The latter Agreement, providing for the 
construction of two major rail tunnels through the Alps, 
was ratified by referendum on 27 September 1992. 
3. In a further referendum held on 6 December 1992, however, 
the Swiss electorate rejected the EEA Agreement, causing 
substantial delay in its entry into force with respect to 
the other parties to the Agreement. In the case of 
Switzerland, the existing bilateral Free Trade Agreement, 
dating from 1972, will remain the primary institutional 
framework for cooperation. Switzerland, which applied 
for membership of the Community in May 1992, finds its 
road to closer European integration effectively blocked. 
4. The Swiss government has made it clear that although the 
. options of EEA and, indeed, Community membership remain 
open, no action will be taken until the time is ripe; 
most recent indications are that this will not be until 
1995 at the earliest. In the meantime, Switzerland has 
requested the opening of negotiations with a view to the 
conclusion of new bilateral agreements in a wide range of 
areas.. This interest was again expressed in the course 
of the visit to the Commission on 28 June of Swiss 
Foreign Minister Flavio Cotti, and of Economics Minister 
Jean-Pascal Delamuraz. 
5. In addition to the 1972 Free Trade Agreement, Switzerland 
and the Community have, over the years, concluded a 
number of sectoral agreements, notably concerning non-
life insurance and the products of the clock and watch 
industry; most, however, are of minor significance. A 
full list of existing agreements is attached in Annexe I. 
6. Switzerland is now anxious to obtain access to the Single 
Market and to certain Community programmes, as envisaged 
under the EEA Agreement. Of greatest interest to the 
Swiss side are air and road transport and research; other 
areas include education, mutual recognition of diplomas, 
statistics, and cooperation in film and TV (MEDIA). 
Areas more directly related to trade, and to the 
operation of the existing Free Trade Agreement, include 
rules of origin; trade in processed agricultural 
products; technical barriers to trade (mutual recognition 
of tests and certificates); liberalisation of public 
procurement; product liability; animal and plant health; 
and intellectual property. 
7. Since the meeting of the Joint Committee of the Free 
Trade Agreement on 5 February 1993, at which Switzerland 
first formally presented its requests, work has been 
underway within the Commission services, with the 
intention of achieving a broad overview of relations, 
present and future, establishing the Community's 
interests, and defining a balanced approach. At its 
meeting of 14 September 1993, the Commission formally 
agreed the general approach set out in this note. 
General parameters 
8. Switzerland is part of Europe. Although membership of 
either the EEA or the Community itself is clearly not 
possible in the short term, Community policy needs to 
retain a certain flexibility. The door should be left 
open for the future. 
9. The economic relationship between Switzerland and the 
Community is mutually beneficial; it would be regrettable 
were it to deteriorate significantly as a result of the 
rejection of the EEA. Switzerland is among the 
Community's most important trading partners, being its 
second largest individual export market (after the US) 
and third largest source of imports (after the US and 
Japan). 
10. It is in the interest of the Community to preserve this 
positive relationship. Swiss requests should, however, 
be considered on a strict basis of mutual advantage and 
without undermining the EEA. It would be inappropriate 
for Switzerland to obtain all the advantages of an 
Agreement which it has rejected, and whose entry into 
force has been so long delayed as a result. 
11. It is clear that any strengthening of cooperation will 
need to be on the basis of an overall balance of mutual 
advantage. In some areas, the conclusion of a new 
agreement would be of value only to Switzerland; in 
others, of mutual benefit. The Community now has an 
opportunity to advance its own interests, either by 
obtaining satisfactory agreements in areas of mutual 
benefit, or by ensuring that a Swiss demand is 
counterbalanced by a Community demand of similar weight. 
12. Given the nature of Swiss democracy, and the role of 
referenda under the Swiss Constitution, it would be 
appropriate explicitly to link agreements in different 
areas; otherwise elements of value to the Community could 
be rejected subsequently by referendum. The linkage 
mechanism would thus need to cover not only the 
ratification and entry into force of agreements, but also 
the period thereafter (cf. Annexe VI). 
13. Any agreement would need to deal satisfactorily with the 
implementation of the Community acquis and the need for 
Switzerland to accept the discipline involved. 
Agreements could also be limited in duration, their 
renewal made dependant on a positive decision of the 
Council following a proposal by the Commission. 
Proposed action 
14. It is proposed that, on the basis of the considerations 
outlined above, negotiations be opened in a number of 
areas, to be defined in consultation with those members 
of the College directly concerned, with a view to the 
conclusion of new sectoral agreements between the 
Community and Switzerland on the basis of an overall 
balance of mutual advantage. 
15. It is further proposed that negotiations be opened first 
in the areas of air and road transport (cf. Annexes II 
and III), and of free movement of persons (cf. Annexes IV 
and V). Both are essential building blocks in the 
construction of the new Europe, and of immediate concern 
to the citizen; both relate directly to the Four Freedoms 
on which the Single Market, and the philosophy of the 
Community, are based. 
16. In the area of transport, the Ministers for Transport, 
meeting within the Council on 7 June 1993, noted the 
intention of the Commission to submit, in view of the 
Meeting of the Transport Council on 28 September, a 
Recommendation for a Decision authorising it to open 
negotiations with Switzerland in the areas of air and 
road transport, this Recommendation to be accompanied by 
a draft negotiating mandate and by an analysis of 
relevant aspects of relations in the area of Transport 
and in the broader context of relations between the 
Community and Switzerland. 
17. The Transit Agreement resolves a number of concerns in 
the area of road and rail transport, but does not address 
all problems. Given the small size of the Swiss market 
generally and, in road transport, the continuation of 
existing restrictions on operations involving vehicles 
over 28 tonnes, it is clear that a new EC-Switzerland 
agreement, giving Swiss economic operators access to the 
huge Community air and road transport markets, is 
preponderantly in the interest of Switzerland. The 
conclusions of the June Transport Council, however, are 
clear. 
18. The area of free movement of persons is clearly of 
considerable importance for the Community and its member 
States. A very significant number of Community citizens 
are already resident or working in Switzerland. The 
objective of a new bilateral Agreement between the 
Community and Switzerland shall be the full 
implementation of the Community acquis in this area, as 
envisaged in the EEA Agreement; this includes provisions 
for free movement of workers, the right of establishment, 
the mutual recognition of diplomas, the coordination of 
social security, and the right of residence for students, 
pensioners and other non-active persons. 
19. The decision to propose the negotiation of a new 
agreement in this area is made on its own merits, with 
the intention of counter-balancing Swiss interest in an 
agreement on transport, according to the principle that 
imbalance of interest requires compensation. 
20. At an appropriate time, a definition of priorities could 
take place, allowing negotiations in other areas (e.g. 
research and market access for agricultural goods), in 
accordance with the general principles outlined in this 
paper, and with the aim of advancing the Community's 
interests. 
Conclusions 
21. The Council is asked to endorse the approach which the 
Commission proposes to take with regard to future 
relations with Switzerland. The first concrete 
application of this approach will be in the context of 
negotiations in the areas of air and road transport, and 
of free movement of persons. 
Annex I: Existing Agreements between the Community and 
Switzerland 
Annex II: Transport 
Annex III: Background note, distributed to Ministers at 
the Transport Council of 7 June; extract from 
the conclusions of the Council. 
Annex IV: Free movement of persons 
Annex V: Statistics on Community citizens resident or 
employed in Switzerland, and on Swiss citizens 
resident within the Community. 
Annex VI: Outline approach to linkage of agreements in 
different sectors. 
to 
Title of Agreement Pole sirgnod Polo entered into fore»; Ouroticn 
1. Agrrement on tho introduction of through inlernoticnol roilwoy toriffa for the corrioge of 28.7.1956 1.6.1957 unlimited 
cool through Swiss Urltory 
2. Agreement concerning certoin cheeses 29.6.1967 1.7.1979 unlimited 
(initiolled) 
3. Agrrement concerning product» of the clock ond wotcn industry between IN» European Economic 30.6.1967 1.1.1969 uhtimheo W 
Comunlly end Its ktorber Stotes end the Swiss Confederot ion >_. 
w 
*. Additionol Agréèrent lo the Agréeront concerning products of the clock end wotch industry 30.6.1967 1.1 1968 UMimltec rr 
5. Agréeront between the Wfcrfcer Stotes of the ECSC end the S»iss Cenfoderolion 22.7.1972 1.1.197* uniimiteo Jj 
Addticnol Agreement concerning the volidity ol trvj Agreement lor the Principality of > 
Liechtenstein ^ 
Q 
6. Agreement between the Européen Economic Ccmxnity and the Swiss Ccnfoderotien 22.7.1972 1.1.1973 Unlimited Q 
- 3 
7. Agréèrent on the «pplicotion of the rules en Ccrtmunity Tronsit 23.ti.l97J 1.1.197e unlimited § 
'•**'''. rr 
8. Exchange of letters between the Cormission end the S»iss Confederoticn concerning recognition 5.(2.1974 / oni.m.tco w 
by the Swiss Oulhorilies of the loissei-pcsser issued ty the Comxnilics to the members ond 
servents of the institutions a a> rt 
9. Agréeront in the form of on exchange of letters between the Ccnrnissicn ol the Européen 12.12.1975 12.12.1975 uni imitée t \ 
Comunlties ond Switterlend eonceming coeperoticn on cnvirormentol matters 5 > 
10. Cocperolien ogreerent between the Zute^on Atonic Energy Ccrmxnity end the Swiss Confederot ion ? 30.5.1979 uniim.:ec "* Z *rv 
in the field of controlled thermonucleor fusion end plosmo physics ft >» 
11. Additionol Protocol lo the Agreement between the Européen Eoononic Comxnity end the Swiss 17.7.1980 11 1981 uni.*.tes 
Confederation consequent on the occessicn of the Hellenic Republic to the Camxnity (Renewed 1.3.1963) Q 
O 
12. Addilionel Protoeol lo the Agreement between the Msnbcr Stotes of the ECSC and the Swiss 6.11.1990 1.3.1983 Inimitée | 
Confederolion consequent on the oecession of the Hellenic Republic to the Ccrmxnity (Renewed 1.3.1983) \ 
13. Supplementary Protocol to the Additionol Agreement eonceming the volidity for the Principoiily 6.11.1980 ' / um.n.-.ec * »-• 
of Liechtenstein, of the Agreement between the Mfflber Stotes of the Europeno Cool ond Steel JT 
Cemnlly end IN Swiss Confederolion consequent en the occessicn of the Hellenic Republic to 
the Comxnl ly D 
14. Agreement EEC Swiss Confederot ion on o concerted ocl ion project in ihe detection of the 24.3.1932 Inforced until "> 2. 
00 tendency to thrombosis renewed 31.3.193* ï I 
21.3.19867 Ç 
15. Bilolerol RIO Cocperot Ion Agreement In the field of rodiccctive wos te rranooemen I between 21.6.1934 ? for o period of (5 yecrs ft 
N 
1 the International Cecperotive for the Sloroge of Rodioective Woste (CEERA Switzerland) rene-c&ie) 
end the Européen Atonic Energy Cornvnlty 
16. Agreement EEC - Swiss Confederot ion on direct Insurance other than life insurance initiol led 25.6.1982 7 ? 3 
siçnod October 1989 Q, 
17. Agreement In,the form of en exchange of letters EEC-Swiss Confederation founding diroct 15.10.1984 7 Unlimited 
coeperoticn between the authorities responsible for the prevention of froud 
r uoto siçneo 
18. Agreement in the form of on exchcnge of on exchange of letters EEG-9*isj Confodorortion 16.11.1985 
on I rode arrangements /or soups, souoos end condiment) 
19. fromework Agreement for scientific end technicoi cccperotion 8.1.1986 
20. AddJUcnol Protocol to the ogreoment between the EEC end the Swiss Confederoticn consequent 14.7.1986 
on the occessicn of Ihe Kingdom of Sooin end tho Portuguese Republic to the Community 
2'. Agreement in the form of en exehonçe of letters concerning ncn-ogriculturol end processed 14.7.1S86 
agricultural products not covered by the Agréeront bolwoen the EEC end the Swiss Confederoticn 
22. Agreement in the form of en exchcnçe of letters between the EEC ond the Swiss Confederoticn 14.7.1986 
en agriculture and fisheries 
23. Agreement between the ECSC end the S-iss Ccnfec-jrotcn censecvont en tho occessicn of the i«.7.1986 
Kingdom of Spoin end tne PorluÇje&c R/JOUOI IC 
24. Coeperoticn Agreement bet*>oon the EEC end S-iss Confederoticn on reseorch end develcpmont ? 
development in the field of ocvenced ro t e t i c ' s (EIR^M) 
25. Supplementory Protocol to the Agreement between the EEC end the Swiss Ccnfed concerning the 12.7.1589 
el iminoticn ol exisi ling end preventien o' new quantitoiivc rcslrici lens of feeting exports 
or moosuros having eouivolont efloct 
26. Agreement between the EEC end the S-iss Ccnfoderotien concerning direct insurance olher then 10.10.1989 
life insurance "^ (. ( 
27. Agreement between the EEC end Ihe Swiss Ccnfoderotien en trode electronic ooto interchenge 7.12.1989 
systems 
28. Cocperolien Agreement belwoen the EEC end the Swiss Confederolion in the field of modicol ? 
k health Reseorch 
29. Cccperotion Agreement between the EEC cnt the Swiss Confederoticn on o prograrme lo ? 
slirruilole the international cccperotion ond interchange needed by Eurcpoon reseorch 
scientists (Science) 
30. Cooperation Agreement between the EEC end the Swiss Confederation on on Eurcpoon Slimuloticn ? 
Plan for Economic Science (SrES) 
31. Agreement between the EEC end the Swiss Ccnfoderotien establishing cocperol ion in the field 19.12.1989 
of Iroining in the context of the impl«rental ion of Cornell M (1990-94) 
32. Agreement laying down o procedure for the exchange of information in the field of technicol 24.9.1990 
Regulations 
33. RIO Cocperol ton Agreement in the field of rodiooctive woste management between the Eurcpeon 17.10.1990 
Atonic Energy Community ond the Notianol Cooperative for the Storooo of Rodiooctive Woste 
(Switier lend) 
34. Cooperation Agreement between the EEC end the Swiss Confederot ien on o reseorch development 8.5.1991 
progr crime for the Eurcpeon Economic Community In the field of applied metrology end cnemicol 
cnolysls 
35. Agreement between the EEC ond the Swiss Ccnfoderotien establishing cccperotion in the field 9.10 1991 
of education end iroining within the framework of the Erosmus Prograrme Pole entered into force 
1.1.1986 
17.7.1937 
1.3.1986 (According to 
Article 18) 
i.ii.1990 
1.2.1990 
1.2.1990 
il i990 
i.7.1990 
17.10.1990 
8.5.1991 Cu'c; en 
Uni ,- ;ec 
Uni if-ted 
uni .^;ec 
Un i in i • eC 
\r- • >•• \'.c 
uni .-.. ;ec 
i.l.1583/31.12.1991 \ 
I 
•t 
1939/1592 
i9SO/i9S-i 
2 yec's 
5 years 
I9S9/I992 
5 yeors 
ANNEXE II 
TRANSPORT 
The Transit Agreement between the Community and Switzerland 
entered force on 22 January 1993. In the Agreement, reference 
is made to the need for liberalisation in the areas of air and 
road transport, as envisaged in the context of the EEA. 
Following Switzerland's rejection of the EEA in December 1992, 
Swiss President and Minister for Transport Ogi wrote to 
Commissioner Matutes, in a letter dated 25 February 1993, 
requesting the opening of formal negotiations in the air 
transport sector. 
In the road sector, the Swiss side considers that the EC is 
obliged to begin negotiations based on the text of Annexe 8 of 
the Transit Agreement. 
On 7 June 1993, the Ministers for Transport, meeting within 
the Council, noted the intention of the Commission to submit, 
in view of the Meeting of the Transport Council on 28 
September, a Recommendation for a Decision authorising it to 
open negotiations with Switzerland in the areas of air and 
road transport, this Recommendation to be accompanied by a 
draft negotiating mandate and by an analysis of relevant 
aspects of relations in the area of Transport and in the 
broader context of relations between the Community and 
Switzerland. 
Draft negotiating directives on air and road transport will be 
presented to the Commission for its approval on 22 September. 
A copy of a background note, distributed to Ministers at the 
Transport Council of 7 June, and an extract from the 
conclusions of the Council, are attached as Annexe III. 
KUKOi'KAN COMMUNiTii-::; 
TUB COUNCIL ANNEX III 
7 0G9/93 UtuiinolfJ, 3 June I993 
RESTREINT 
TRANS •»"/ 3 
AER * 11 
NOTE 
from the General Secretariat 
Deiegat: tons to 
Subject: Relations v/ith Switzerland in the field of transport 
Delegations will find in the Annex a background note for the 
Commission's report that the Commission will present on the 
abovementioned subject at the session of the Council on 
7 June 1993. "» 
The General Secretariat of the Council received this note only 
1 n Enq 1 1 r;h 
'Of,c,/»n s h •EN 
1 
***** 
•fir * ANNEX III 
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES %JO 
DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR TRANSPORT 
Brussels, 1 June 1993 
NOTE FOR THE ATTENTION OF MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL 
Subject: Transport relations with Switzerland 
- point 6 of the Council Agenda 
This note is intended to serve as background to the Commission's report on this issue 
at the Council's session on 7 June. 
1. INTRODUCTION 
The Transit Agreement between the Community and Switzerland entered into force 
on 22 January 1993. In the Agreement reference is made 
to the need for liberalisation in the areas of road and air transport, as envisaged in 
the context of the EEA. 
In the case of road transport. Article 13 of the Agreement, together with an 
exchange of letters (Annex 8), provides that in the event of the EEA not coming 
into being, the Community and Switzerland should begin negotiations with a view 
to granting reciprocal access to transport markets in accordance with arrangements 
to be determined. 
In the case of air transport, at the conclusion of the Agreement, the Community and 
Switzerland made a joint declaration in the agreed minutes, emphasising the 
importance of fruitful cooperation and liberalisation in this field, and expressing the 
view that a solution should be reached as quickly as possible on the basis of the 
Community acquis. 
Following Switzerland's rejection of the EEA in December 1992, the Swiss 
President Mr OGI wrote to Commissioner MATUTES, in a letter dated 25 February 
1993, requesting the opening of formal negotiations in the air transport sector. 
In the road sector, the Swiss side would appear to consider that the EC is obliged 
to begin negotiations based on the text of Annex 8 of the Transit Agreement 
referred to above. 
Rue de fa Col 200 - B-1049 Brussels - Belgium 
Tal«phon«: direct line 296 exchange 299.1 1.11 - Telefax 296.83.35 
Tcfcx COMEU b 21877 - Telegraphic address COMEUR Brussels 
pbint6 tr' 
Il 
2. EXPLORATORY CONVERSATIONS 
Following the Swiss request, the Commission has undertaken a series of exploratory 
conversations with Switzerland, on 4 March (general), 22 April (road), 29 April (air) 
and 18 May (road). In addition, Commissioner MATUTES visited Switzerland on 29 
March for discussions with Mr OGI in the latter's capacity as Swiss Transport 
Minister. 
Member States have been informed of the details of these discussions through the 
Transport Working Group. 
3. COMMISSION'S OVERALL IMPRESSION 
A. General Issues 
Switzerland is very anxious for negotiations, largely for internal policy reasons. 
These include firstly a desire to show that the EC has not turned its back on 
Switzerland following the rejection of the EEA. In the Swiss view, a decision 
to begin negotiations would also be helpful in the context of planning for the 
construction of the new trans-Alpine tunnels, where questions have been raised 
over costs. 
Relations between the EC and Switzerland in the transport sector need to be set 
in the context of the wider bilateral relationship. It will be necessary to study 
these questions carefully, with a view to ensuring their correct articulation 
within the globality of bilateral relations; an explicit recognition of this fact 
would bo useful. 
Any negotiations would also need to address the issue of relations between 
Switzerland and its EFTA partners within the EEA. 
B. Road Transoort 
Switzerland is ready to accept the Community acquis almost in its entirety. It 
seeks to benefit within the EC market from the provisions of Regulation 881/92, 
while maintaining the limit of 28 tonnes for access to its territory (other than 
the exceptions foreseen in the Transit Agreement). 
So long as the 28 tonne limit applies to all bilateral traffic on Swiss territory, 
any agreement on road transport of goods will be inherently unbalanced in 
favour of Switzerland. While Switzerland seek to maintain the 28 tonne limit 
on both transit and bilateral traffic, they have shown some flexibility m being 
prepared to discuss the issue. 
The Community may however have something to gain from an agreement 
liberalising passenger transport by road. 
C. Air Transoort 
An Agreement with Switzerland would be possible on the basis of the 3rd 
package or something slightly less (application on cabotage at a second stage)-
Switzerland has shown some indications of flexibility regarding the institutional 
aspects of enforcement of competition rules. 
The Commission would see possible benefits for the Community in such an 
agreement, providing: (i) a satisfactory institutional basis could be developed, 
(ii) there were appropriate consultation mechanisms regarding Switzerland's air 
relations with third countries and (iii) it would not prevent the Community 
developing a broader aviation area with other European countries. 
D. Other Areas 
The EC has little interest in expanding the discussions to cover other transport 
modes (inland waterways, rail). 12. 
13 
Extract from the conclusions of the Transport Council, 7 June 
1993; Council Secretariat doc. 7039/93. 
RELATIONS AVEC LA SUISSE EN MATIERE DE TRANSPORTS 
Le Conseil, après un échange de vues sur la base 
d'informations fournies par la Commission concernant les 
contacts exploratoires informels entrepris avec la Suisse en 
matière de transports, a pris note de l'intention de la 
Commission de lui soumettre, en vue de la session du Conseil 
"Transports" du mois de septembre prochain, une recommandation 
de décision en vue de l'autoriser à ouvrir des négociations 
avec la Suisse dans les domaines des transports routiers et 
aériens. Cette recommandation sera assortie d'un projet de 
mandat de négociation et accompagnée d'une analyse des aspects 
pertinents des relations entre la Communauté et la Suisse dans 
le domaine des transports et dans le contexte global des 
relations entre les deux parties. 
14 
ANNEX IV 
FREE MOVEMENT OP PERSONS 
Switzerland's rejection of the EEA on 6 December 1992 meant 
that the reform of Swiss legislation on foreigners, as 
envisaged in the Agreement, will not now take place as 
planned. While the Swiss Government has committed itself to 
liberalising its legislation, with a view to greater "Euro-
compatibility", steps taken to date are of minor significance. 
Free movement of persons is clearly of considerable importance 
for the Community and its member States. Certain member 
States have informally made clear that their consent to 
agreements in other areas is conditional on a satisfactory 
result in the area of free movement of persons. 
The objective of a new bilateral Agreement between the 
Community and Switzerland should be the full implementation of 
the Community acquis in this area, as envisaged in the EEA 
Agreement; this includes provisions for free movement of 
workers, the right of establishment, the mutual recognition of 
diplomas, the coordination of social security, and the right 
of residence for students, pensioners and other non-active 
persons. 
Significant numbers of Community citizens (648,241 in December 
1992) are already resident or employed in Switzerland. They 
include frontier workers (Type G work permit), recruited in 
border regions, who cross the border to work every day; 
seasonal workers (Type A work permit), mostly employed in 
construction, tourism and agriculture, who are allowed to work 
in Switzerland for a maximum of nine months per year, have no 
right to unemployment benefit at the end of that period, and 
may not bring their families with them; and residents, with 
two kinds of status; Type B, an annually renewable permit, and 
Type C, granted to holders of Type B permits after five years, 
and giving the status of permanent foreign resident. 
Member States whose citizens work as frontier workers are 
primarily France, Germany and Italy; seasonal workers come 
primarily from Italy, Spain and Portugal. 
Statistics on EC citizens resident or employed in Switzerland, 
and on Swiss citizens resident in the European Community, are 
attached in Annexe V. 
15 
ANNEX V 
community citizens working, in Switzerland 
Population active de nationalité étrangère (fin décembre 19921 
EC 
B 
DK 
D 
E 
F 
GR 
IRL 
I 
LUX 
NL 
P 
UK Total 
648241 
3250 
1736 
90630 
70641 
112616 
4777 
819 
272220 
417 
7803 
73618 
9714 B 
70299 
1082 
954 
15234 
5530 
7542 
564 
491 
10721 
119 
2808 
21903 
3351 C 
416733 
2139 
694 
40481 
64669 
24698 
4181 
310 
220752 
294 
4810 
47444 
6261 A 
7244 
29 
88 
799 
300 
859 
13 
18 
682 
4 
185 
4165 
102 G 
153695 
0 
0 
34116 
142 
79517 
19 
0 
40065 
0 
0 
106 
0 
B: Annual permit 
A: Seasonal workers C: Unlimited permit 
G: Frontier workers 
NOTE: Figures for seasonal workers above are atypical. 
Statistics for April 1993 are given below. 
B 
DK 
D 
E 
F 
GR 118 
195 
1103 
2896 
1600 
17 IRL 
I 
LUX 
NL 
P 
UK 33 
3937 
4 
289 
18.882 
208 
Total: 29282 
16 
*** 
Swiss citizens resident in the Community fl August 1993) 
Total (incl. dual nationality) 
B 
DK 
D 
E 
F 
GR 
IRL 
I 
LUX 
NL 
P 
UK 6278 
2157 
62973 
15028 
133630 
2018 
772 
35423 
728 
5677 
1861 
21953 Swiss nationality only 
2356 
1040 
26288 
8874 
22487 
727 
320 
11542 
441 
1957 
930 
6909 
Total 288498 83871 
Note: a significant number of Swiss citizens possess double 
citizenship, whether through marriage, naturalisation, or 
ancestry; thus, while having the right to vote in Switzerland, 
they may also consider themselves Community citizens. 
Source in all cases: Swiss Government 
17 
ANNEX VI 
Outline approach to linkage 
Where a new Agreement A is of particular interest to the 
Community, and a new Agreement B is of particular interest to 
Switzerland, Agreement A shall include a clause along the 
following lines: 
"This Agreement A shall enter into force on ... 
Should this Agreement A cease to be applied by 
either party, Agreement B, signed on ..., shall 
automatically cease to apply." 
Agreement B, in turn, shall contain a clause along the 
following lines: 
"This Agreement B shall enter into force on..., 
provided that Agreement A has entered into force by 
that date. Should Agreement A cease to be applied 
by either party, this Agreement B shall 
automatically cease to apply." 
It should be understood that this formulation is not 
necessarily limited to two agreements; where appropriate, a 
number of agreements could be linked using the same mechanism. 
ISSN 0254-1475 
COM(93) 486 final 
DOCUMENTS 
EN 11 oi 
Catalogue number : CB-CO-93-519-EN-C 
ISBN 92-77-59715-1 
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 
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