16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/1
II
(PreparatoryActs)
COMMISSION
ProposalforaCouncilDecisionconcerningtheconclusionoftheFrameworkConventionon
ClimateChange
93/C44/01
COM(92)508final
(SubmittedbytheCommissionon15December1992)
THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropean
EconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticle130S
thereof,
HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission ,
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEuropean
Parliament,
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocial
Committee ,
(1)WhereastheCommunityparticipated inthe
negotiations (1)conductedintheIntergovernmental
Negotiating Committee onClimateChange
establishedbytheUnitedNationsGeneral
Assembly(2)forthepreparationofaframework
conventiononclimatechange;
(2)Whereas,duringtheUnitedNationsConferenceon
EnvironmentandDevelopment inRiodeJaneiro
from3to14June1992,theFrameworkConvention
onClimateChangewassignedbytheCommunity ;
(3)WhereastheobjectiveofthisConventionisto
achievestabilization ofgreenhouse gas
concentrations intheatmosphereatalevelthat
wouldpreventdangerousanthropogenic interferencewiththeclimatesystemandthatthisobjectiveisin
conformitywiththeCommunitypolicyinthisarea;
(4)WhereastheCouncilconclusionsof29October1990
statedthattheEuropeanCommunityandMember
Stateshaveagreedtotakeactionsaimingatreaching
stabilizationofthetotalC02emissionsby2000at
1990levelintheCommunityasawhole;
(5)Whereasitisessentialfortheachievementofthe
objectivethatothercountriesjointheCommunity
anditsMemberStatesintakingsuchactions;
(6)WhereastheConvention ,underArticle22,isopen
forratification,acceptanceorapprovalbyStatesand
byRegionalEconomicIntegrationOrganizations ;
(7)WhereasoneoftheCommunityobjectives,according
toArticle130Ristheprotectionoftheenvironment ,
whichincludesmeasuresagainstclimatechange;
whereaspreventiveactions,tothisend,mustbe
takenataninternational level;
(8)WhereastheCommunityanditsMemberStatesshare
competenceintheareascoveredbytheConvention ;
whereasitisnecessaryfortheCommunityandits
MemberStatestobecomeContractingPartiessothat
alltheobligationsundertheConventioncanbe
properlyfulfilled;
(9)Whereasinordertocomplywiththeemission
stabilizationobjectiveoftheConventionwhilenotall
theMemberStatesarereadytomeettheobjective
individually,itisnecessarythattheCommunity
becomesContractingPartytotheConventionand
assumestherelevantresponsibilities ;(')Councilconclusionsof4February1992,notpublishedinthe
OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities .
(2)Resolution45/212oftheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnited
Nationsof19December1990onprotectionofglobalclimate
forpresentandfuturegenerationsofmankind.

NoC44/2 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
2.AtthesametimethePresidentshalldepositthe
declarationofcompetencessetoutinAnnexIItothis
DecisionaccordingtotheprovisionsofArticle22(3)of
theConvention ,aswellasthetextoftheDeclarationset
outinAnnex-IIItothisDecision .(10)Whereas,inviewoftheneedforpromptaction,itis
essentialthattheCommunityanditsMemberStates
completeassoonaspossibletheproceduresfor
ratificationorapprovaloftheConvention ;
(11)WhereasitisdesirablethattheCommunityandits
MemberStatesdepositsimultaneously ,ifpossible,
theirinstrumentsofratification,acceptanceor
approval;
HASADOPTEDTHISDECISION :
Article1
TheFrameworkConventiononClimateChangesignedin
June1992inRiodeJaneiroisherebyapprovedbythe
EuropeanEconomicCommunity .
ThetextoftheConventionappearsinAnnex1tothis
Decision.
Article2
1.OnbehalfoftheEuropeanEconomicCommunity ,
thePresidentoftheCouncilshalldeposittheinstrumentof
approvalwiththeSecretary-General oftheUnitedNations
inaccordancewithArticle22(1)oftheConvention .Article3
1.MemberStatesshalltakethenecessarystepsto
permitthedeposit,asfaraspossiblesimultaneously and
notlaterthan30June1993oftheinstrumentsof
ratificationorapprovaloftheMemberStatesandthe
Community .
2.MemberStatesshallinformtheCommission not
laterthan30April1993oftheirdecisiontoratifythe
Conventionor,accordingtothecircumstances ,ofthe
probabledateofcompletionoftheseprocedures .The
Commissionshall,incooperationwiththeMemberStates,
chooseadatefordepositingtheseinstruments
simultaneously .
Article4
ThisDecisionisaddressedtotheMemberStates.

16.2.93 NoC44/3 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities
ANNEXI
AnnexItothereportofthecommittee
UNITEDNATIONSFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ONCLIMATECHANGE
THEPARTIESTOTHISCONVENTION ,
ACKNOWLEDGING thatchangeintheEarth'sclimateanditsadverseeffectsareacommonconcernof
humankind ;
CONCERNED thathumanactivitieshavebeensubstantiallyincreasingtheatmosphericconcentrations of
greenhousegases,thattheseincreasesenhancethenaturalgreenhouseeffect,andthatthiswillresulton
averageinanadditionalwarmingoftheEarth'ssurfaceandatmosphereandmayadverselyaffectnatural
ecosystemsandhumankind ;
NOTINGthatthelargestshareofhistoricalandcurrentglobalemissionsofgreenhousegaseshasoriginated
indevelopedcountries,thatpercapitaemissionsindevelopingcountriesarestillrelativelylowandthatthe
shareofglobalemissionsoriginatingindevelopingcountrieswillgrowtomeettheirsocialanddevelopment
needs;
AWAREoftheroleandimportanceinterrestrialandmarineecosystemsofsinksandreservoirsofgreenhouse
gases;
NOTINGthattherearemanyuncertaintiesinpredictionsofclimatechange,particularlywithregardtothe
timing,magnitudeandregionalpatternsthereof;
ACKNOWLEDGING thattheglobalnatureofclimatechangecallsforthewidestpossiblecooperationbyall
countriesandtheirparticipationinaneffectiveandappropriateinternationalresponse,inaccordancewith
theircommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities andrespectivecapabilitiesandtheirsocialandeconomic
conditions;
RECALLING thepertinentprovisionsoftheDeclarationoftheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHuman
Environment ,adoptedatStockholmon16June1972;
RECALLING ALSOthatStateshave,inaccordancewiththeCharteroftheUnitedNationsandtheprinciples
ofinternationallaw,thesovereignrighttoexploittheirownresourcespursuanttotheirownenvironmental
anddevelopmental policies,andtheresponsibilitytoensurethatactivitieswithintheirjurisdictionorcontrol
donotcausedamagetotheenvironmentofotherStatesorofareasbeyondthelimitsofnational
jurisdiction ;
REAFFIRMING theprincipleofsovereigntyofStatesininternationalcooperationtoaddressclimate
change;
RECOGNIZING thatStatesshouldenacteffectiveenvironmental legislation,thatenvironmental standards,
managementobjectivesandprioritiesshouldreflecttheenvironmental anddevelopmental contexttowhich
theyapply,andthatstandardsappliedbysomecountriesmaybeinappropriateandofunwarrantedeconomic
andsocialcosttoothercountries,inparticulardevelopingcountries;
RECALLING theprovisionsofGeneralAssemblyresolution44/228of22December1989ontheUnited
NationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment ,andresolutions43/53of6December1988,44/207
of22December1989,45/212of21December1990and46/169of19December1991onprotectionof
globalclimateforpresentandfuturegenerationsofmankind;
RECALLING ALSOtheprovisionsofGeneralAssemblyresolution44/206of22December1989onthe
possibleadverseeffectsofsealevelriseonislandsandcoastalareas,particularlylow-lyingcoastalareasand
thepertinentprovisionsofGeneralAssemblyresolution44/172of19December1989ontheimplementation
ofthePlanofActiontoCombatDesertification ;
RECALLING FURTHERtheViennaConventionfortheProtectionoftheOzoneLayer,1985,andthe
MontrealProtocolonSubstancesthatDepletetheOzoneLayer,1987,asadjustedandamendedon29June
1990;

NoC44/4 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
NOTINGtheMinisterialDeclarationoftheSecondWorldClimateConferenceadoptedon7November
1990;
CONSCIOUS ofthevaluableanalyticalworkbeingconductedbymanyStatesonclimatechangeandofthe
importantcontributionsoftheWorldMeteorological Organization theUnitedNationsEnvironment
Programmeandotherorgans,organizationsandbodiesoftheUnitedNationssystem,aswellasother
internationalandintergovernmental bodies,totheexchangeofresultsofscientificresearchandthe
coordinationofresearch;
RECOGNIZING thatstepsrequiredtounderstandandaddressclimatechangewillbeenvironmentally ,
sociallyandeconomicallymosteffectiveiftheyarebasedonrelevantscientific,technicalandeconomic
considerations andcontinuallyre-evaluatedinthelightofnewfindingsintheseareas;
RECOGNIZING thatvariousactionstoaddressclimatechangecanbejustifiedeconomically intheirown
rightandcanalsohelpinsolvingotherenvironmental problems;
RECOGNIZING ALSOtheneedfordevelopedcountriestotakeimmediateactioninaflexiblemanneronthe
basisofclearpriorities,asafirststeptowardscomprehensive responsestrategiesattheglobal,nationaland,
whereagreed,regionallevelsthattakeintoaccountallgreenhousegases,withdueconsideration oftheir
relativecontributionstotheenhancementofthegreenhouseeffect;
RECOGNIZING FURTHERthatlow-lyingandothersmallislandcountries,countrieswithlow-lying
coastal,aridandsemi-aridareasorareasliabletofloods,droughtanddesertification ,anddeveloping
countrieswithfragilemountainousecosystemsareparticularlyvulnerabletotheadverseeffectsofclimate
change;
RECOGNIZING thespecialdifficultiesofthosecountries,especiallydevelopingcountries,whoseeconomies
areparticularlydependentonfossilfuelproduction,useandexportation,asaconsequenceofactiontakenon
limitinggreenhousegasemissions;
AFFIRMINGthatresponsestoclimatechangeshouldbecoordinatedwithsocialandeconomicdevelopment
inanintegratedmannerwithaviewtoavoidingadverseimpactsonthelatter,takingintofullaccountthe
legitimatepriorityneedsofdevelopingcountriesfortheachievementofsustainedeconomicgrowthandthe
eradicationofpoverty;
RECOGNIZING thatallcountries,especiallydevelopingcountries,needaccesstoresourcesrequiredto
achievesustainablesocialandeconomicdevelopmentandthat,inorderfordevelopingcountriestoprogress
towardsthatgoal,theirenergyconsumptionwillneedtogrowtakingintoaccountthepossibilitiesfor
achievinggreaterenergyefficiencyandforcontrollinggreenhousegasemissionsingeneral,includingthrough
theapplicationofnewtechnologiesontermswhichmakesuchanapplicationeconomicallyandsocially
beneficial;
DETERMINED toprotecttheclimatesystemforpresentandfuturegenerations,
HAVEAGREEDASFOLLOWS :
Article1 2.'climatechange'meansachangeofclimatewhichis
attributeddirectlyorindirectlytohumanactivitythat
altersthecompositionoftheglobalatmosphereand
whichisinadditiontonaturalclimatevariability
observedovercomparabletimeperiods;Definitions (1)
ForthepurposesofthisConvention :
1.'adverseeffectsofclimatechange'meanschangesin
thephysicalenvironmentorbiotaresultingfrom
climatechangewhichhavesignificantdeleterious
effectsonthecomposition ,resilienceorproductivity
ofnaturalandmanagedecosystemsoronthe
operationofsocio-economic systemsoronhuman
healthandwelfare;3.'climatesystem'meansthetotalityoftheatmosphere,
hydrosphere ,biosphereandgeosphereandtheir
interactions ;
4.'emissions'meansthereleaseofgreenhousegases
and/ortheirprecursorsintotheatmosphereovera
specifiedareaandperiodoftime;
5.'greenhousegases'meansthosegaseousconstituentsof
theatmosphere ,bothnaturalandanthropogenic ,that
absorbandre-emitinfraredradiation; 0)Titlesofarticlesareincludedsolelytoassistthereader.

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/5
6.'regionaleconomicintegrationorganization'meansan
organizationconstitutedbysovereignStatesofagiven
regionwhichhascompetenceinrespectofmatters
governedbythisConventionoritsprotocolsandhas
beendulyauthorized,inaccordancewithitsinternal
procedures,tosign,ratify,accept,approveoraccede
totheinstrumentsconcerned .2.thespecificneedsandspecialcircumstances of
developingcountryparties,especiallythosethatare
particularlyvulnerabletotheadverseeffectsofclimate
change,andofthoseparties,especiallydeveloping
countryparties,thatwouldhavetobeara
disproportionate orabnormalburdenunderthe
Convention,shouldbegivenfullconsideration ;
7.'reservoir'meansacomponentorcomponentsofthe
climatesystemwhereagreenhousegasoraprecursor
ofagreenhousegasisstored;
8.'sink'meansanyprocess,activityormechanismwhich
removesagreenhousegas,anaerosoloraprecursorof
agreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere ;
9.'source'meansanyprocessoractivitywhichreleasesa
greenhousegas,anaerosoloraprecursorofa
greenhousegasintotheatmosphere .3.thepartiesshouldtakeprecautionary measuresto
anticipate,preventorminimizethecausesofclimate
changeandmitigateitsadverseeffects.Wherethere
arethreatsofseriousorirreversibledamage,lackof
fullscientificcertaintyshouldbeusedasareasonfor
postponingsuchmeasures,takingintoaccountthat
policiesandmeasurestodealwithclimatechange
shouldbecost-effectivesoastoensureglobalbenefits
atthelowestpossiblecost.Toachievethis,such
policiesandmeasuresshouldtakeintoaccount
differentsocio-economic contexts,becomprehensive ,
coverallrelevantsources,sinksandreservoirsof
greenhousegasesandadaptation,andcompriseall
economicsectors.Effortstoaddressclimatechange
maybecarriedoutcooperatively byinterested
parties;
Article2
Objective4.thepartieshavearightto,andshould,promote
sustainabledevelopment .Policiesandmeasuresto
protecttheclimatesystemagainsthuman-induced
changeshouldbeappropriateforthespecific
conditionsofeachpartyandshouldbeintegratedwith
nationaldevelopment programmes ,takinginto
accountthateconomicdevelopment isessentialfor
adoptingmeasurestoaddressclimatechange;TheultimateobjectiveofthisConventionandanyrelated
legalinstrumentsthattheConferenceofthepartiesmay
adoptistoachieve,inaccordancewiththerelevant
provisionsoftheConvention ,stabilizationofgreenhouse
gasconcentrations intheatmosphereatalevelthatwould
preventdangerousanthropogenic interferencewiththe
climatesystem.Suchalevelshouldbeachievedwithina
timeframesufficienttoallowecosystemstoadapt
naturallytoclimatechange,toensurethatfood
productionisnotthreatenedandtoenableeconomic
developmenttoproceedinasustainablemanner.5.thepartiesshouldcooperatetopromoteasupportive
andopeninternationaleconomicsystemthatwould
leadtosustainableeconomicgrowthanddevelopment
inallparties,particularlydevelopingcountryparties,
thusenablingthembettertoaddresstheproblemsof
climatechange.Measurestakentocombatclimate
change,includingunilateralones,shouldnot
constituteameansofarbitraryorunjustifiable
discrimination oradisguisedrestrictionon
international trade.Article3
Principles
Article4
CommitmentsIntheiractionstoachievetheobjectiveoftheConvention
andtoimplementitsprovisions,thepartiesshallbe
guided,interalia,bythefollowing :
1.thepartiesshouldprotecttheclimatesystemforthe
benefitofpresentandfuturegenerationsof
humankind,onthebasisofequityandinaccordance
withtheircommonbutdifferentiated responsibilities
andrespectivecapabilities .Accordingly ,thedeveloped
countrypartiesshouldtaketheleadincombating
climatechangeandtheadverseeffectsthereof;1.Allparties,takingintoaccounttheircommonbut
differentiated responsibilities andtheirspecificnational
andregionaldevelopment priorities,objectivesand
circumstances ,shall:

NoC44/6 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
theremaininguncertaintiesregardingthecauses,
effects,magnitudeandtimingofclimatechangeand
theeconomicandsocialconsequencesofvarious
responsestrategies;(a)develop,periodicallyupdate,publishandmake
availabletotheConferenceoftheparties,in
accordancewithArticle12,nationalinventoriesof
anthropogenic emissionsbysourcesandremovalsby
sinksofallgreenhousegasesnotcontrolledbythe
MontrealProtocol,usingcomparablemethodologies
tobeagreeduponbytheConferenceoftheparties;(h)promoteandcooperateinthefull,openandprompt
exchangeofrelevantscientific,technological ,
technical,socio-economic andlegalinformation
relatedtotheclimatesystemandclimatechange,and
totheeconomicandsocialconsequencesofvarious
responsestrategies;(b)formulate,implement,publishandregularlyupdate
nationaland,whereappropriate,regional
programmescontainingmeasurestomitigateclimate
changebyaddressinganthropogenic emissionsby
sourcesandremovalsbysinksofallgreenhousegases
notcontrolledbytheMontrealProtocol,and
measurestofacilitateadequateadaptationtoclimate
change;(i)promoteandcooperateineducation,trainingand
publicawarenessrelatedtoclimatechangeand
encouragethewidestparticipation inthisprocess,
includingthatofnon-governmental organizations ;
and
(c)promoteandcooperateinthedevelopment ,
applicationanddiffusion,includingtransfer,of
technologies ,practicesandprocessesthatcontrol,
reduceorpreventanthropogenic emissionsof
greenhousegasesnotcontrolledbytheMontreal
Protocolinallrelevantsectors,includingtheenergy,
transport,industry,agriculture,forestryandwaste
management sectors;(j)communicate totheConferenceoftheparties
informationrelatedtoimplementation ,inaccordance
withArticle12.
2.Thedevelopedcountrypartiesandotherparties
includedinAnnexIcommitthemselvesspecificallyas
providedforinthefollowing :(d)promotesustainablemanagement ,andpromoteand
cooperateintheconservationandenhancement ,as
appropriate,ofsinksandreservoirsofallgreenhouse
gasesnotcontrolledbytheMontrealProtocol,
includingbiomass,forestsandoceansaswellasother
terrestrial,coastalandmarineecosystems;
(e)cooperateinpreparingforadaptationtotheimpacts
ofclimatechange;developandelaborateappropriate
andintegratedplansforcoastalzonemanagement ,
waterresourcesandagriculture,andforthe
protectionandrehabilitationofareas,particularlyin
Africa,affectedbydroughtanddesertification ,as
wellasfloods;(a)eachofthesepartiesshalladoptnational(x)policies
andtakecorresponding measuresonthemitigationof
climatechange,bylimitingitsanthropogenic
emissionsofgreenhousegasesandprotectingand
enhancingitsgreenhousegassinksandreservoirs.
Thesepoliciesandmeasureswilldemonstratethat
developedcountriesaretakingtheleadinmodifying
longer-termtrendsinanthropogenic emissions
consistentwiththeobjectiveoftheConvention ,
recognizingthatthereturnbytheendofthepresent
decadetoearlierlevelsofanthropogenic emissionsof
carbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesnot
controlledbytheMontrealProtocolwouldcontribute
tosuchmodification ,andtakingintoaccountthe
differencesintheseparties'startingpointsand
approaches ,economicstructuresandresourcebases,
theneedtomaintainstrongandsustainableeconomic
growth,availabletechnologiesandotherindividual
circumstances ,aswellastheneedforequitableand
appropriatecontributions byeachofthesepartiesto
theglobaleffortregardingthatobjective.These
partiesmayimplementsuchpoliciesandmeasures
jointlywithotherpartiesandmayassistotherparties
incontributingtotheachievementoftheobjectiveof
theConventionand,inparticular,thatofthis
subparagraph ;(f)takeclimatechangeconsiderations intoaccount,to
theextentfeasible,intheirrelevantsocial,economic
andenvironmental policiesandactions,andemploy
appropriate methods,forexampleimpact
assessments,formulatedanddeterminednationally,
withaviewtominimizingadverseeffectsonthe
economy,onpublichealthandonthequalityofthe
environment ,ofprojectsormeasuresundertakenby
themtomitigateoradapttoclimatechange;
(g)promoteandcooperateinscientific,technological ,
technical,socio-economic andotherresearch,
systematicobservationanddevelopmentofdata
archivesrelatedtotheclimatesystemandintendedto
furthertheunderstanding andtoreduceoreliminate(*)Thisincludespoliciesandmeasuresadoptedbyregional
economicintegrationorganizations .

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/7
(f)theConferenceofthepartiesshallreview,notlater
than31December1998,availableinformationwitha
viewtotakingdecisionsregardingsuchamendments
tothelistsinAnnexesIandIIasmaybeappropriate ,
withtheapprovalofthepartyconcerned;(b)inordertopromoteprogresstothisend,eachofthese
partiesshallcommunicate ,withinsixmonthsofthe
entryintoforceoftheConventionforitand
periodicallythereafter,andinaccordancewith
Article12,detailedinformationonitspoliciesand
measuresreferredtoinsubparagraph (a)above,as
wellasonitsresultingprojectedanthropogenic
emissionsbysourcesandremovalsbysinksof
greenhousegasesnotcontrolledbytheMontreal
Protocolfortheperiodreferredtoin
subparagraph (a),withtheaimofreturning
individuallyorjointlytotheir1990levelsofthese
anthropogenic emissionsofcarbondioxideandother
greenhousegasesnotcontrolledbytheMontreal
Protocol.Thisinformationwillbereviewedbythe
Conferenceoftheparties,atitsfirstsessionand
periodicallythereafter,inaccordancewithArticle7;(g)anypartynotincludedinAnnexImay,inits
instrumentofratification,acceptance,approvalor
accession,oratanytimethereafter,notifythe
Depositarythatitintendstobeboundby
subparagraphs (a)and(b)above.TheDepositary
shallinformtheothersignatoriesandpartiesofany
suchnotification .
(c)calculationsofemissionsbysourcesandremovalsby
sinksofgreenhousegasesforthepurposesof
subparagraph (b)aboveshouldtakeintoaccountthe
bestavailablescientificknowledge,includingofthe
effectivecapacityofsinksandtherespective
contributionsofsuchgasestoclimatechange.The
Conferenceofthepartiesshallconsiderandagreeon
methodologies forthesecalculationsatitsfirstsession
andreviewthemregularlythereafter;3.Thedevelopedcountrypartiesandotherdeveloped
partiesincludedinAnnexIIshallprovidenewand
additionalfinancialresourcestomeettheagreedfullcosts
incurredbydevelopingcountrypartiesincomplyingwith
theirobligationsunderArticle12(1).Theyshallalso
providesuchfinancialresources,includingforthetransfer
oftechnology,neededbythedevelopingcountrypartiesto
meettheagreedfullincrementalcostsofimplementing
measuresthatarecoveredbyparagraph1ofthisArticle
andthatareagreedbetweenadevelopingcountryparty
andtheinternationalentityorentitiesreferredtoin
Article11,inaccordancewiththatArticle.The
implementation ofthesecommitments shalltakeinto
accounttheneedforadequacyandpredictability inthe
flowoffundsandtheimportanceofappropriateburden
sharingamongthedevelopedcountryparties.
4.Thedevelopedcountrypartiesandotherdeveloped
partiesincludedinAnnexIIshallalsoassistthedeveloping
countrypartiesthatareparticularlyvulnerabletothe
adverseeffectsofclimatechangeinmeetingcostsof
adaptationtothoseadverseeffects.(d)theConferenceofthepartiesshall,atitsfirstsession,
reviewtheadequacyofsubparagraphs (a)and(b)
above.Suchreviewshallbecarriedoutinthelightof
thebestavailablescientificinformation and
assessmentonclimatechangeanditsimpacts,aswell
asrelevanttechnical,socialandeconomic
information .Basedonthisreview,theConferenceof
thepartiesshalltakeappropriateaction,whichmay
includetheadoptionofamendments tothe
commitments insubparagraphs (a)and(b)above.
TheConferenceoftheparties,atitsfirstsession,shall
alsotakedecisionsregardingcriteriaforjoint
implementation asindicatedinsubparagraph (a)
above.Asecondreviewofsubparagraphs (a)and(b)
shalltakeplacenotlaterthan31December1998,and
thereafteratregularintervalsdeterminedbythe
Conferenceoftheparties,untiltheobjectiveofthe
Convention ismet;5.Thedevelopedcountrypartiesandotherdeveloped
partiesincludedinAnnexIIshalltakeallpracticablesteps
topromote,facilitateandfinance,asappropriate ,the
transferof,oraccessto,environmentally sound
technologiesandknow-howtootherparties,particularly
developingcountryparties,toenablethemtoimplement
theprovisionsoftheConvention .Inthisprocess,the
developedcountrypartiesshallsupportthedevelopment
andenhancement ofendogenous capacitiesand
technologiesofdevelopingcountryparties.Otherparties
andorganizations inapositiontodosomayalsoassistin
facilitatingthetransferofsuchtechnologies .(e)eachofthesepartiesshall:
(i)coordinateasappropriatewithothersuch
parties,relevanteconomicandadministrative
instrumentsdevelopedtoachievetheobjectiveof
theConvention ;and
(ii)identifyandperiodicallyreviewitsownpolicies
andpracticeswhichencourageactivitiesthatlead
togreaterlevelsofanthropogenic emissionsof
greenhousegasesnotcontrolledbytheMontreal
Protocolthanwouldotherwiseoccur;6.Intheimplementation oftheircommitments under
paragraph2above,acertaindegreeofflexibilityshallbe
allowedbytheConferenceofthepartiestotheparties
includedinAnnexIundergoingtheprocessoftransitionto
amarketeconomy,inordertoenhancetheabilityof

NoC44/8 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
partiestoaddressclimatechange,includingwithregard
tothehistoricallevelofanthropogenic emissionsof
greenhousegasesnotcontrolledbytheMontrealProtocol
chosenasareference .particularlydevelopingcountryparties,witheconomies
thatarevulnerabletotheadverseeffectsofthe
implementation ofmeasurestorespondtoclimatechange.
Thisappliesnotablytopartieswitheconomiesthatare
highlydependentonincomegeneratedfromthe
production,processingandexport,and/orconsumption
offossilfuelsandassociatedenergy-intensive products
and/ortheuseoffossilfuelsforwhichsuchpartieshave
seriousdifficultiesinswitchingtoalternatives .
Article5
Researchandsystematicobservation
IncarryingouttheircommitmentsunderArticle4(1)(g)
thepartiesshall:
(a)supportandfurtherdevelop,asappropriate ,
internationalandintergovernmental programmesand
networksororganizations aimedatdefining,
conducting,assessingandfinancingresearch,data
collectionandsystematicobservation,takinginto
accounttheneedtominimizeduplicationofeffort;
(b)supportinternationalandintergovernmental effortsto
strengthensystematicobservationandnational
scientificandtechnicalresearchcapacitiesand
capabilities,particularlyindevelopingcountries,and
topromoteaccessto,andtheexchangeof,dataand
analysesthereofobtainedfromareasbeyondnational
jurisdiction ;and
(c)takeintoaccounttheparticularconcernsandneedsof
developingcountriesandcooperateinimprovingtheir
endogenouscapacitiesandcapabilitiestoparticipate
intheeffortsreferredtoinsubparagraphs (a)and(b)
above.7.Theextenttowhichdevelopingcountrypartieswill
effectivelyimplementtheircommitments underthe
Conventionwilldependontheeffectiveimplementation
bydevelopedcountrypartiesoftheircommitmentsunder
th&Conventionrelatedtofinancialresourcesandtransfer
oftechnologyandwilltakefullyintoaccountthat
economicandsocialdevelopmentandpovertyeradication
arethefirstandoverridingprioritiesofthedeveloping
countryparties.
8.Intheimplementation ofthecommitments inthis
Article,thepartiesshallgivefullconsiderationtowhat
actionsarenecessaryundertheConvention ,including
actionsrelatedtofunding,insuranceandthetransferof
technology,tomeetthespecificneedsandconcerns
ofdevelopingcountrypartiesarisingfromtheadverse
effectsofclimatechangeand/ortheimpactofthe
implementation ofresponsemeasures,especiallyon:
(a)smallislandcountries,
(b)countrieswithlow-lyingcoastalareas;
(c)countrieswitharidandsemi-aridareas,forestedareas
andareasliabletoforestdecay;
(d)countrieswithareaspronetonaturaldisasters;
(e)countrieswithareasliabletodroughtand
desertification ;
(f)countrieswithareasofhighurbanatmospheric
pollution;
(g)countrieswithareaswithfragileecosystems,including
mountainous ecosystems ;
(h)countrieswhoseeconomiesarehighlydependenton
incomegeneratedfromtheproduction,processing
andexport,and/oronconsumptionoffossilfuels
andassociatedenergy-intensive products;and
(i)land-lockedandtransitcountries.
Further,theConferenceofthepartiesmaytakeactions,as
appropriate ,withrespecttothisparagraph .
9.Thepartiesshalltakefullaccountofthespecific
needsandspecialsituationsoftheleastdeveloped
countriesintheiractionswithregardtofundingand
transferoftechnology .
10.Thepartiesshall,inaccordancewithArticle10,
takeintoconsideration intheimplementation ofthe
commitmentsoftheConventionthesituationofparties,Article6
Education,trainingandpublicawareness
IncarryingouttheircommitmentsunderArticle4(1)(i)
thepartiesshall:
(a)promoteandfacilitateatthenationaland,as
appropriate,subregionalandregionallevels,andin
accordancewithnationallawsandregulations,and
withintheirrespectivecapacities:
(i)thedevelopment andimplementation of
educationalandpublicawarenessprogrammes
onclimatechangeanditseffects;

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/9
(ii)publicaccesstoinformationonclimatechange
anditseffects;
(iii)publicparticipationinaddressingclimatechange
anditseffectsanddevelopingadequate
responses;and
(iv)trainingofscientific,technicalandmanagerial
personnel;
(b)cooperateinandpromote,attheinternationallevel,
and,whereappropriateusingexistingbodies:
(i)thedevelopmentandexchangeofeducational
andpublicawarenessmaterialonclimatechange
anditseffects;and
(ii)thedevelopment andimplementation of
educationandtrainingprogrammes ,including
thestrengtheningofnationalinstitutionsandthe
exchangeorsecondmentofpersonneltotrain
expertsinthisfield,inparticularfordeveloping
countries .
Article7
Conferenceofthepartiesdifferingcircumstances ,responsibilities and
capabilitiesofthepartiesandtheirrespective
commitments undertheConvention ;
(d)promoteandguide,inaccordancewiththeobjective
andprovisionsoftheConvention ,thedevelopment
andperiodicrefinement ofcomparable
methodologies ,tobeagreedonbytheConferenceof
theparties,interalia,forpreparinginventoriesof
greenhousegasemissionsbysourcesandremovalsby
sinks,andforevaluatingtheeffectivenessofmeasures
tolimittheemissionsandenhancetheremovalsof
thesegases;
(e)assess,onthebasisofallinformationmadeavailable
toitinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe
Convention ,theimplementation oftheConventionby
theparties,theoveralleffectsofthemeasurestaken
pursuanttotheConvention ,inparticular
environmental ,economicandsocialeffectsaswellas
theircumulativeimpactsandtheextenttowhich
progresstowardstheobjectiveoftheConventionis
beingachieved;
(f)consider'andadoptregularreportsonthe
implementation oftheConventionandensuretheir
publication ;
(g)makerecommendations onanymattersnecessaryfor
theimplementation oftheConvention ;
(h)seektomobilizefinancialresourcesinaccordance
withArticle4(3),(4)and(5)andArticle11;
(i)establishsuchsubsidiarybodiesasaredeemed
necessaryfortheimplementation oftheConvention ;
(j)reviewreportssubmittedbyitssubsidiarybodiesand
provideguidancetothem;
(k)agreeuponandadopt,byconsensus,rulesof
procedureandfinancialrulesforitselfandforany
subsidiarybodies;
(1)seekandutilize,whereappropriate ,theservicesand
cooperationof,andinformationprovidedby,
competent international organizations and
intergovernmental andnon-governmental bodies;and
(m)exercisesuchotherfunctionsasarerequiredforthe
achievementoftheobjectiveoftheConventionas
wellasallotherfunctionsassignedtoitunderthe
Convention .
3.TheConferenceofthepartiesshall,atitsfirst
session,adoptitsownrulesofprocedureaswellasthose
ofthesubsidiarybodiesestablishedbytheConvention ,
whichshallincludedecision-making proceduresfor
mattersnotalreadycoveredbydecision-making
proceduresstipulatedintheConvention .Suchprocedures
mayincludespecifiedmajoritiesrequiredfortheadoption
ofparticulardecisions.1.AConferenceofthepartiesisherebyestablished .
2.TheConferenceoftheparties,asthesupremebody
ofthisConvention,shallkeepunderregularreviewthe
implementation oftheConventionandanyrelatedlegal
instrumentsthattheConferenceofthepartiesmayadopt,
andshallmake,withinitsmandate,thedecisions
necessarytopromotetheeffectiveimplementation ofthe
Convention .Tothisend,itshall:
(a)periodicallyexaminetheobligationsofthepartiesand
theinstitutionalarrangementsundertheConvention ,
inthelightoftheobjectiveoftheConvention ,the
experiencegainedinitsimplementation andthe
evolutionofscientificandtechnologicalknowledge;
(b)promoteandfacilitatetheexchangeofinformationon
measuresadoptedbythepartiestoaddressclimate
changeanditseffects,takingintoaccountthe
differingcircumstances ,responsibilities and
capabilitiesofthepartiesandtheirrespective
commitments undertheConvention ;
(c)facilitate,attherequestoftwoormoreparties,the
coordinationofmeasuresadoptedbythemtoaddress
climatechangeanditseffects,takingintoaccountthe

NoC44/10 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
(g)toperformtheothersecretariatfunctionsspecifiedin
theConventionandinanyofitsprotocolsandsuch
otherfunctionsasmaybedeterminedbythe
Conferenceoftheparties.
3.TheConferenceoftheparties,atitsfirstsession,
shalldesignateapermanentsecretariatandmake
arrangementsforitsfunctioning .4.ThefirstsessionoftheConferenceoftheparties
shallbeconvenedbytheinterimsecretariatreferredtoin
Article21andshalltakeplacenotlaterthanoneyearafter
thedateofentryintoforceoftheConvention .Thereafter,
ordinarysessionsoftheConferenceofthepartiesshallbe
heldeveryyearunlessotherwisedecidedbytheConference
oftheparties.
5.Extraordinary sessionsoftheConferenceofthe
partiesshallbeheldatsuchothertimesasmaybedeemed
necessarybytheConference,oratthewrittenrequestof
anyparty,providedthat,withinsixmonthsoftherequest
beingcommunicated tothepartiesbythesecretariat,itis
supportedbyatleastone-thirdoftheparties.
6.TheUnitedNations,itsspecializedagenciesandthe
InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency,aswellasanyState
memberthereoforobserverstheretonotpartytothe
Convention,mayberepresentedatsessionofthe
Conferenceofthepartiesasobservers.Anybodyor
agency,whethernationalorinternational ,governmental
ornon-governmental ,whichisqualifiedinmatters
coveredbytheConventionandwhichhasinformedthe
secretariatofitswishtoberepresentedatasessionofthe
Conferenceofthepartiesasanobserver,maybeso
admittedunlessatleastone-thirdofthepartiespresent
object.Theadmissionandparticipationofobserversshall
besubjecttotherulesofprocedureadoptedbythe
Conferenceoftheparties.Article9
Subsidiarybodyforscientificandtechnologicaladvice
1.Asubsidiarybodyforscientificandtechnological
adviseisherebyestablishedtoprovidetheConferenceof
thepartiesand,asappropriate,itsothersubsidiarybodies
withtimelyinformationandadviceonscientificand
technologicalmattersrelatingtotheConvention .This
bodyshallbeopentoparticipationbyallpartiesandshall
bemultidisciplinary .Itshallcomprisegovernment
representatives competentintherelevantfieldofexpertise.
ItshallreportregularlytotheConferenceofthepartieson
allaspectsofitswork.
2.UndertheguidanceoftheConferenceoftheparties,
anddrawinguponexistingcompetentinternationalbodies,
thisbodyshall:
(a)provideassessmentsofthestateofscientific
knowledgerelatingtoclimatechangeanditseffects;
(b)preparescientificassessmentsontheeffectsof
measurestakenintheimplementation ofthe
Convention ;
(c)identifyinnovative,efficientandstate-of-the-art
technologiesandknow-howandadviseontheways
andmeansofpromotingdevelopment and/or
transferringsuchtechnologies ;
(d)provideadviceonscientificprogrammes ,international
cooperationinresearchanddevelopmentrelatedto
climatechange,aswellasonwaysandmeansof
supporting endogenous capacity-building in
developingcountries;and
(e)respondtoscientific,technological and
methodological questionsthattheConferenceofthe
partiesanditssubsidiarybodiesmayputtothe
body.
3.Thefunctionsandtermsofreferenceofthisbody
maybefurtherelaboratedbytheConferenceofthe
parties.Article8
Secretariat
1.Asecretariatisherebyestablished .
2.Thefunctionsofthesecretariatshallbe:
(a)tomakearrangementsforsessionsoftheConference
ofthepartiesanditssubsidiarybodiesestablished
undertheConventionandtoprovidethemwith
servicesasrequired;
(b)tocompileandtransmitreportssubmittedtoit;
(c)tofacilitateassistancetotheparties,particularly
developingcountryparties,onrequest,inthe
compilationandcommunication ofinformation
requiredinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe
Convention ;
(d)topreparereportsonitsactivitiesandpresentthemto
theConferenceoftheparties;
(e)toensurethenecessarycoordination withthe
secretariatsofotherrelevantinternationalbodies;
(f)toenter,undertheoverallguidanceoftheConference
oftheparties,intosuchadministrative and
contractualarrangements asmayberequiredforthe
effectivedischargeofitsfunctions;andArticle10
Subsidiarybodyforimplementation
1.Asubsidiarybodyforimplementation ishereby
establishedtoassisttheConferenceofthepartiesinthe

NoC44/11 16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities
assessmentandreviewoftheeffectiveimplementation of
theConvention .Thisbodyshallbeopentoparticipation
byallpartiesandcomprisegovernmentrepresentatives
whoareexpertsonmattersrelatedtoclimatechange.It
shallreporttotheConferenceofthepartiesonallaspects
ofitswork.
2.UndertheguidanceoftheConferenceoftheparties,
thisbodyshall:
(a)considertheinformationcommunicated inaccordance
withArticle12(1)toassesstheoverallaggregated
effectofthestepstakenbythepartiesinthelightof
thelatestscientificassessmentsconcerningclimate
change;
(b)considertheinformationcommunicated inaccordance
withArticle12(2)inordertoassisttheConferenceof
thepartiesincarryingoutthereviewsrequiredby
Article4(2)(d);and
(c)assisttheConferenceoftheparties,asappropriate ,in
thepreparationandimplementation ofitsdecisions.operations,whichisconsistentwiththerequirement
foraccountability setoutinparagraph1above;and
(d)determination inapredictableandidentifiablemanner
oftheamountoffundingnecessaryandavailablefor
theimplementation ofthisConventionandthe
conditionsunderwhichthatamountshallbe
periodicallyreviewed.
4.TheConferenceofthepartiesshallmake
arrangementstoimplementtheabovementioned provisions
atitsfirstsession,reviewingandtakingintoaccountthe
interimarrangementsreferredtoinArticle21(3)andshall
decidewhethertheseinterimarrangements shallbe
maintained .Withinfouryearsthereafter,theConference
ofthepartiesshallreviewthefinancialmechanismand
takeappropriatemeasures.
5.Thedevelopedcountrypartiesmayalsoprovideand
developingcountrypartiesavailthemselvesof,financial
resourcesrelatedtotheimplementation oftheConvention
throughbilateral,regionalandothermultilateral
channels.
Article12Article11
Financialmechanism
1.Amechanismfortheprovisionoffinancialresources
onagrantorconcessionalbasis,includingforthetransfer
oftechnology,isherebydefined.Itshallfunctionunder
theguidanceof,andbeaccountableto,theConferenceof
theparties,whichshalldecideonitspolicies,programme
prioritiesandeligibilitycriteriarelatedtothisConvention .
Itsoperationshallbeentrustedtooneormoreexisting
international entities.
2.Thefinancialmechanismshallhaveanequitableand
balancedrepresentation ofallpartieswithinatransparent
systemofgovernance .
3.TheConferenceofthepartiesandtheentityor
entitiesentrustedwiththeoperationofthefinancial
mechanismshallagreeuponarrangementstogiveeffectto
theaboveparagraphs,whichshallincludethefollowing:
(a)modalitiestoensurethatthefundedprojectsto
addressclimatechangeareinconformitywiththe
policies,programmeprioritiesandeligibilitycriteria
establishedbytheConferenceoftheparties;
(b)modalitiesbywhichaparticularfundingdecisionmay
bereconsideredinlightofthesepolicies,programme
prioritiesandeligibilitycriteria;
(c)provisionbytheentityorentitiesofregularreportsto
theConferenceofthepartiesonitsfundingCommunication ofinformationrelatedtoimplementation
1.InaccordancewithArticle4(1)eachpartyshall
communicatetotheConferenceoftheparties,throughthe
secretariat,thefollowingelementsofinformation :
(a)anationalinventoryofanthropogenic emissionsby
sourcesandremovalsbysinksofallgreenhousegases
notcontrolledbytheMontrealProtocol,totheextent
itscapacitiespermit,usingcomparablemethodologies
tobepromotedandagreeduponbytheConferenceof
theparties;
(b)ageneraldescriptionofstepstakenorenvisagedby
thepartytoimplementtheConvention ;and
(c)anyotherinformationthatthepartyconsiders
relevanttotheachievementoftheobjectiveofthe
Convention andsuitableforinclusioninits
communication ,including,iffeasible,material
relevantforcalculationsofglobalemissiontrends.
2.Eachdevelopedcountrypartyandeachotherparty
includedinAnnexIshallincorporateinitscommunication
thefollowingelementsofinformation :
(a)adetaileddescriptionofthepoliciesandmeasures
thatithasadoptedtoimplementitscommitment
underArticle4(2)(a)and(2)(b);and

NoC44/12 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
(b)aspecificestimateoftheeffectsthatthepoliciesand
measuresreferredtoinsubparagraph (a)immediately
abovewillhaveonanthropogenic emissionsbyits
sourcesandremovalsbyitssinksofgreenhousegases
duringtheperiodreferredtoinArticle4(2)(a).9.Informationreceivedbythesecretariatthatis
designatedbyapartyasconfidential,inaccordancewith
criteriatobeestablishedbytheConferenceoftheparties,
shallbeaggregatedbythesecretariattoprotectits
confidentiality beforebeingmadeavailabletoanyofthe
bodiesinvolvedinthecommunication andreviewof
information .
10.Subjecttoparagraph9above,andwithout
prejudicetotheabilityofanypartytomakepublicits
communication atanytime,thesecretariatshallmake
communications bypartiesunderthis.Articlepublicly
availableatthetimetheyaresubmittedtotheConference
oftheparties.3.Inaddition,eachdevelopedcountrypartyandeach
otherdevelopedpartyincludedinAnnexIIshall
incorporatedetailsofmeasurestakeninaccordancewith
Article4(3),(4)and(5).
4.Developingcountrypartiesmay,onavoluntary
basis,proposeprojectsforfinancing,includingspecific
technologies ,materials,equipment,techniquesorpractices
thatwouldbeneededtoimplementsuchprojects,along
with,ifpossible,anestimateofallincrementalcosts,of
thereductionsofemissionsandincrementsofremovalsof
greenhousegases,aswellasanestimateoftheconsequent
benefits.Article13
Resolutionofquestionsregardingimplementation
TheConferenceofthepartiesshall,atitsfirstsession,
considertheestablishment ofamultilateralconsultative
process,availabletopartiesontheirrequest,forthe
resolutionofquestionsregardingtheimplementation of
theConvention .5.Eachdevelopedcountrypartyandeachotherparty
includedinAnnexIshallmakeitsinitialcommunication
withinsixmonthsoftheentryintoforceofthe
Conventionforthatparty.Eachpartynotsolistedshall
makeitsinitialcommunication withinthreeyearsofthe
entryintoforceoftheConventionforthatparty,orofthe
availabilityoffinancialresourcesinaccordancewith
Article4(3).Partiesthatareleastdevelopedcountriesmay
maketheirinitialcommunication attheirdiscretion .The
frequencyofsubsequentcommunications byallparties
shallbedeterminedbytheConferenceoftheparties,
takingintoaccountthedifferentiatedtimetablesetbythis
paragraph .
6.Informationcommunicated bypartiesunderthis
Articleshallbetransmittedbythesecretariatassoonas
possibletotheConferenceofthepartiesandtoany
subsidiarybodiesconcerned.Ifnecessary,theprocedures
forthecommunication ofinformationmaybefurther
consideredbytheConferenceoftheparties.Article14
Settlementofdisputes
1.Intheeventofadisputebetweenanytwoormore
partiesconcerningtheinterpretationorapplicationofthe
Convention,thepartiesconcernedshallseekasettlement
ofthedisputethroughnegotiationoranyotherpeaceful
meansoftheirownchoice.
2.Whenratifying,accepting,approvingoraccedingto
theConvention ,oratanytimethereafter,apartywhichis
notaregionaleconomicintegrationorganization may
declareinawritteninstrumentsubmittedtothedepositary
that,inrespectofanydisputeconcerningthe
interpretation orapplicationoftheConvention ,it
recognizesascompulsoryipsofactoandwithoutspecial
agreement,inrelationtoanypartyacceptingthesame
obligation :
(a)submissionofthedisputeto.theInternationalCourt
ofJustice;and/or
(b)arbitrationinaccordancewithprocedurestobe
adoptedbytheConferenceofthepartiesassoonas
practicable,inanannexonarbitration .
Apartywhichisaregionaleconomicintegration
organizationmaymakeadeclarationwithlikeeffectin7.Fromitsfirstsession,theConferenceoftheparties
shallarrangefortheprovisiontodevelopingcountry
partiesoftechnicalandfinancialsupport,onrequest,in
compilingandcommunicating informationunderthis
Article,aswellasinidentifyingthetechnicalandfinancial
needsassociatedwithproposedprojectsandresponse
measuresunderArticle4.Suchsupportmaybeprovided
byotherparties,bycompetentinternationalorganizations
andbythesecretariat,asappropriate .
8.Anygroupofpartiesmay,subjecttoguidelines
adoptedbytheConferenceoftheparties,andtoprior
notificationtotheConferenceoftheparties,makeajoint
communication infulfilmentoftheirobligationsunderthis
Article,providedthatsuchacommunication includes
informationonthefulfilmentbyeachofthesepartiesofits
individualobligationsundertheconvention .

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/13
shallasalastresortbeadoptedbyathree-quarter
majorityvoteofthepartiespresentandvotingatthe
meeting.Theadoptedamendmentshallbecommunicated
bythesecretariattothedepositary,whoshallcirculateit
toallpartiesfortheiracceptance .
4.Instrumentsofacceptanceinrespectofan
amendmentshallbedepositedwiththedepositary .An
amendmentadoptedinaccordancewithparagraph3
aboveshallenterintoforceforthosepartieshaving
accepteditonthe90thdayafterthedateofreceiptbythe
depositaryofaninstrumentofacceptancebyatleast
three-quarters ofthepartiestotheConvention .
5.Theamendmentshallenterintoforceforanyother
partyonthe90thdayafterthedateonwhichthatparty
depositswiththedepositaryitsinstrumentofacceptance
ofthesaidamendment .relationtoarbitrationinaccordancewiththeprocedures
referredtoinsubparagraph (b)above.
3.Adeclarationmadeunderparagraph2aboveshall
remaininforceuntilitexpiresinaccordancewithitsterms
oruntilthreemonthsafterwrittennoticeofitsrevocation
hasbeendepositedwiththedepositary .
4.Anewdeclaration ,anoticeofrevocationorthe
expiryofadeclarationshallnotinanywayaffect
proceedingspendingbeforetheInternationalCourtof
Justiceorthearbitraltribunal,unlessthepartiestothe
disputeotherwiseagree.
5.Subjecttotheoperationofparagraph2above,if
after12monthsfollowingnotificationbyonepartyto
anotherthatadisputeexistsbetweenthem,theparties
concernedhavenotbeenabletosettletheirdispute
throughthemeansmentionedinparagraph 1above,the
disputeshallbesubmitted,attherequestofanyofthe
partiestothedispute,toconciliation .
6.Aconciliationcommissionshallbecreateduponthe
requestofoneofthepartiestothedispute.The
commissionshallbecomposedofanequalnumberof
membersappointedbyeachpartyconcernedanda
chairmanchosenjointlybythemembersappointedby
eachparty.Thecommission shallrendera
recommendatory award,whichthepartiesshallconsider
ingoodfaith.
7.Additionalproceduresrelatingtoconciliationshall
beadoptedbytheConferenceoftheparties,assoonas
practicable,inanannexonconciliation .
8.TheprovisionsofthisArticleshallapplytoany
relatedlegalinstrumentwhichtheConferenceofthe
partiesmayadopt,unlesstheinstrumentprovides
otherwise .6.ForthepurposesofthisArticle,'partiespresentand
voting'meanspartiespresentandcastinganaffirmativeor
negativevote.
Article16
AdoptionandamendmentofAnnexestotheConvention
1.AnnexestotheConventionshallformanintegral
partthereofand,unlessotherwiseexpresslyprovided,a
referencetotheConventionconstitutesatthesametimea
referencetoanyAnnexesthereto.Withoutprejudicetothe
provisionsofArticle14(2)(b)and(7),suchAnnexesshall
berestrictedtolists,formsandanyothermaterialofa
descriptivenaturethatisofascientific,technical,
proceduraloradministrative character.
2.AnnexestotheConventionshallbeproposedand
adoptedinaccordancewiththeproceduresetforthin
Article15(2),(3)and(4).
3.AnAnnexthathasbeenadoptedinaccordancewith
paragraph2aboveshallenterintoforceforallpartiesto
theConvention sixmonthsafterthedateofthe
communication bythedepositarytosuchpartiesofthe
adoptionoftheAnnex,exceptforthosepartiesthathave
notifiedthedepositary,inwriting,withinthatperiodof
theirnon-acceptance oftheAnnex.TheAnnexshallenter
intoforceforpartieswhichwithdrawtheirnotificationof
non-acceptance onthe90thdayafterthedateonwhich
withdrawalofsuchnotificationhasbeenreceivedbythe
depositary.
4.Theproposal,adoptionandentryintoforceof
amendmentstoAnnexestotheConventionshallbesubjectArticle15
Amendments totheConvention
1.Anypartymayproposeamendments tothe
Convention .
2.AmendmentstotheConventionshallbeadoptedat
anordinarysessionoftheConferenceoftheparties.The
textofanyproposedamendmenttotheConventionshall
becommunicated tothepartiesbythesecretariatatleast
sixmonthsbeforethemeetingatwhichitisproposedfor
adoption.Thesecretariatshallalsocommunicateproposed
amendmentstothesignatoriestotheConventionand,for
information ,tothedepositary .
3.Thepartiesshallmakeeveryefforttoreach
agreementonanyproposedamendmenttotheConvention
byconsensus .Ifalleffortsatconsensushavebeen
exhausted,andnoagreementreached,theamendment

NoC44/14 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
tothesameprocedureasthatfortheproposal,adoption
andentryintoforceofAnnexestotheConventionin
accordancewithparagraphs2and3above.
5.IftheadoptionofanAnnexoranamendmenttoan
AnnexinvolvesanamendmenttotheConvention,that
AnnexoramendmenttoanAnnexshallnotenterinto
forceuntilsuchtimeastheamendmenttotheConvention
entersintoforce.Article20
Signature
ThisConventionshallbeopenforsignaturebyStates
MembersoftheUnitedNationsorofanyofitsspecialized
agenciesorthatarepartiestotheStatuteofthe
InternationalCourtofJusticeandbyregionaleconomic
integrationorganizations atRiodeJaneiro,duringthe
UnitedNationsConference onEnvironment and
Development ,andthereafteratUnitedNations
Headquarters inNewYorkfrom20June1992to19June
1993.Article17
Protocols
1.TheConferenceofthepartiesmay,atanyordinary
session,adoptprotocolstotheConvention .
2.Thetextofanyproposedprotocolshallbe
communicated tothepartiesbythesecretariatatleastsix
monthsbeforesuchasession.
3.Therequirementsfortheentryintoforceofany
protocolshallbeestablishedbythatinstrument .
4.OnlypartiestotheConventionmaybepartiestoa
protocol.
5.Decisionsunderanyprotocolshallbetakenonlyby
thepartiestotheprotocolconcerned.Article21
Interimarrangements
1.ThesecretariatfunctionsreferredtoinArticle8will
becarriedoutonaninterimbasisbythesecretariat
establishedbytheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNations
initsresolution45/212of21December1990,untilthe
completionofthefirstsessionoftheConferenceofthe
parties.
2.Theheadoftheinterimsecretariatreferredtoin
paragraph 1abovewillcooperatecloselywiththe
Intergovernmental PanelonClimateChangetoensurethat
thePanelcanrespondtotheneedforobjectivescientific
andtechnicaladvice.Otherrelevantscientificbodiescould
alsobeconsulted .
3.TheGlobalEnvironment FacilityoftheUnited
NationsDevelopment Programme ,theUnitedNations
EnvironmentProgrammeandtheInternationalBankfor
Reconstruction andDevelopmentshallbetheinternational
entityentrustedwiththeoperationofthefinancial
mechanismreferredtoinArticle11onaninterimbasis.In
thisconnection,theGlobalEnvironment Facilityshould
beappropriatelyrestructuredanditsmembershipmade
universaltoenableittofulfiltherequirements of
Article11.Article18
Righttovote
1.EachpartytotheConventionshallhaveonevote,
exceptasprovidedforinparagraph2below.
2.Regionaleconomicintegrationorganizations ,in
matterswithintheircompetence,shallexercisetheirright
tovotewithanumberofvotesequaltothenumberof
theirmemberStatesthatarepartiestotheConvention .
Suchanorganizationshallnotexerciseitsrighttovoteif
anyofitsmemberStatesexercisesitsright,andvice
versa.Article22
Ratification,acceptance,approvaloraccession
1.TheConventionshallbesubjecttoratification,
acceptance,approvaloraccessionbyStatesandby
regionaleconomicintegrationorganizations .Itshallbe
openforaccessionfromthedayafterthedateonwhich
theConventionisclosedforsignature.Instrumentsof
ratification,acceptance,approvaloraccessionshallbe
depositedwiththedepositary.
2.Anyregionaleconomicintegrationorganization
whichbecomesapartytotheConventionwithoutanyofArticle19
Depositary
TheSecretary-General oftheUnitedNationsshallbethe
DepositaryoftheConventionandofprotocolsadoptedin
accordancewithArticle17.

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/15
Article24
Reservations
NoreservationsmaybemadetotheConvention .itsmemberStatesbeingapartyshallbeboundbyallthe
obligationsundertheConvention .Inthecaseofsuch
organizations ,oneormoreofwhosememberStatesisa
partytotheConvention,theorganizationanditsmember
Statesshalldecideontheirrespectiveresponsibilities for
theperformance oftheirobligationsunderthe
Convention .Insuchcases,theorganizationandthe
memberStatesshallnotbeentitledtoexerciserightsunder
theConventionconcurrently .
3.Intheirinstrumentsofratification,acceptance,
approvaloraccession,regionaleconomicintegration
organizations shalldeclaretheextentoftheircompetence
withrespecttothemattersgovernedbytheConvention .
Theseorganizationsshallalsoinformthedepositary,who
shallinturninformtheparties,ofanysubstantial
modificationintheextentoftheircompetence .Article25
Withdrawal
1.Atanytimeafterthreeyearsfromthedateonwhich
theConventionhasenteredintoforceforaparty,that
partymaywithdrawfromtheConventionbygiving
writtennotificationtothedepositary.
2.Anysuchwithdrawalshalltakeeffectuponexpiryof
oneyearfromthedateofreceiptbythedepositaryofthe
notificationofwithdrawal,oronsuchlaterdateasmaybe
specifiedinthenotificationofwithdrawal .
3.AnypartythatwithdrawsfromtheConventionshall
beconsideredasalsohavingwithdrawnfromanyprotocol
towhichitisaparty.Article23
Entryintoforce
1.TheConvention shallenterintoforceonthe90th
dayafterthedateofdepositofthe50thinstrumentof
ratification,acceptance,approvaloraccession.
2.ForeachStateorregionaleconomicintegration
organizationthatratifies,acceptsorapprovesthe
Conventionoraccedestheretoafterthedepositofthe50th
instrumentofratification,acceptance,approvalor
accession,theConventionshallenterintoforceonthe
90thdayafterthedateofdepositbysuchStateorregional
ecconomicintegrationorganizationofitsinstrumentof
ratification,acceptance,approvaloraccession.
3.Forthepurposesofparagraphs 1and2above,any
instrumentdepositedbyaregionaleconomicintegration
organizationshallnotbecountedasadditionaltothose
depositedbyStatesmembersoftheorganization .Article26
Authentictexts
TheoriginalofthisConvention,ofwhichtheArabic,
Chinese,English,French,RussianandSpanishtextsare
equallyauthentic,shallbedepositedwiththe
Secretary-General oftheUnitedNations.
INWITNESSWHEREOFtheundersigned ,beingduly
authorizedtothateffect,havesignedthisConvention .
DONEatNewYorkthisninthdayofMayonethousand
ninehundredandninety-two .

NoC44/16 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
ANNEX 1
Australia
Austria
Belarus(a)
Belgium
Bulgaria(a)
Canada
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
EuropeanCommunity
Estonia(a)
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
ItalyJapan
Latvia(a)
Lithuania (a)
Luxembourg
Netherlands
NewZealand
Norway
Poland(a)
Portugal
Romania(a)
RussianFederation (a)
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine(a)
UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland
UnitedStatesofAmerica
(a)Countriesthatareundergoingtheprocessoftransitiontoamarket
economy .

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/17
ANNEXII
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
EuropeanCommunity
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Iceland
IrelandItaly
Japan
Luxembourg
Netherlands
NewZealand
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland
UnitedStatesofAmerica

NoC44/18 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
AnnexIItothereportofthecommittee
RESOLUTION ADOPTED BYTHEINTERGOVERNMENTAL NEGOTIATING
COMMITTEE FORAFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ONCLIMATECHANGE
INC/1992/1Interimarrangements
3.REQUESTFURTHERtheSecretary-General tomake
recommendations totheGeneralAssemblyatits47th
sessionregardingarrangementsforfurthersessionsofthe
CommitteeuntiltheentryintoforceoftheConvention ;
4.INVITEStheSecretary-General toincludeinhis
reporttotheGeneralAssembly,asrequiredin
paragraphs4and9ofresolution46/169,proposalsthat
wouldenablethesecretariatestablishedunderresolution
45/212tocontinueitsactivitiesuntilthedesignationof
thesecretariatoftheConventionbytheConferenceofthe
parties;
5.APPEALStogovernmentsandorganizationstomake
voluntarycontributions totheextra-budgetary funds
establishedunderGeneralAssemblyresolution45/212in
ordertocontributetothecostsoftheinterim
arrangements ,andtoensurefullandeffective
participationofdevelopingcountries,inparticularthe
least-developed countriesandsmallislanddeveloping
countries,aswellasdevelopingcountriesstrickenby
droughtanddesertification ,inallthesessionsofthe
Committee ;
6.INVITESStatesandregionaleconomicintegration
organizations entitledtosigntheConventionto
communicate assoonasfeasibletotheheadofthe
secretariatinformationregardingmeasuresconsistentwith
theprovisionsoftheConventionpendingitsentryinto
force.THEINTERGOVERNMENTAL NEGOTIATING
COMMITTEE FORAFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON
CLIMATECHANGE,
HAVINGAGREEDUPONANDADOPTEDthetextofthe
UnitedNationsFramework Convention onClimate
Change,
CONSIDERING thatpreparationsarerequiredforanearly
andeffectiveoperationoftheConventiononceithas
enteredintoforce,
FURTHER CONSIDERING that,intheinterim
arrangements ,involvementin'thenegotiationsofall
participantsintheCommitteeisessential,
RECALLINGGeneralAssemblyresolutions45/212of
21December1990and46/169of19December1991,
1.CALLSUPONallStatesandregionaleconomic
integrationorganizations entitledtodosotosignthe
ConventionduringtheUnitedNationsConferenceon
EnvironmentandDevelopmentinRiodeJaneirooratthe
earliestsubsequentopportunityandthereaftertoratify,
accept,approveoraccedetotheConvention ;
2.REQUESTStheSecretary-General tomakethe
necessaryarrangements forconveningasessionofthe
Committee,inaccordancewithparagraph4ofGeneral
Assemblyresolution46/169,toprepareforthefirst
sessionoftheConferenceofthepartiesasspecifiedinthe
Convention ; 9May1992

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/19
ANNEX11
DECLARATION BYTHEEUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY ACCORDING TOTHE
PROVISIONS OFARTICLE22(3)OFTHEFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ONCLIMATECHANGE
InaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsoftheEECTreatyasamendedbytheSingleEuropeanAct(andthe
TreatyoftheEuropeanUnion),theCommunityhascompetencetotakeactionsaimingattheprotectionof
theatmosphereandoftheclimateincludingthecompetencetoenterintointernationalagreements .This
competenceisexclusiveintheareaoftrade.IntheareascoveredbyCommunitylegislation,aslistedbelow,it
ispartlyexclusive,partlymixed.
InthefuturetheCommunitymaywelltakefurtherresponsibilities byadoptingmorespecificlegislation
regardingclimatechange.
LISTOFCOMMUNITY LEGISLATION ANDACTIONS
A.Energysectorgeneral
1.CouncilRegulation(EEC)No2008/90concerningthepromotionofenergytechnologyinEurope
(Thermieprogramme )(OJNoL185,17.7.1990)
2.CouncilDecision89/364/EEConaCommunityactionprogrammeforimprovingtheefficiencyof
electricityuses(OJNoL157,9.6.1989)
3.CouncilDecision91/565/EECconcerningthepromotionofenergyefficiencyintheCommunity
(SAVEprogramme )(OJNoL307,8.11.1991)
4.Councilresolutionof16September1986concerningnewCommunityenergypolicyobjectivesfor
1995andconvergenceofthepoliciesoftheMemberStates(OJNoC241,25.9.1986)
5.Councilresolutionof26November1986onaCommunityapproachtodevelopingnewand
renewableenergysources(OJNoC316,9.12.1986)
6.Communication fromtheCommissiontotheCounciloncleanandefficientenergyfordevelopment
(SEC(92)708of26.5.1992)
7.Communication fromtheCommissiontotheCouncilon'Energyandenvironment'(COM(89)369
finalof8.2.1990)
8.PropositiondeDirectivesduConseilconcernantl'indicationdelaconsommation desappareils
domestiquesenénergieetenautresressources,parvoied'étiquetageetd'informations uniformes
relativesauxproduits(COM(91)285finalof6.8.1991)
9.ProposalforaDirectiveconcerningtheefficiencyrequirementsfornewhot-waterboilersfiredwith
liquidorgaseousfuels(COM(90)368of22.11.1990)
B.CommunitystrategyonC02emissionstabilization
10.Communication delaCommissionconcernantunestrategiecommunautaire pourlimiterles
émissionsdeC02etaméliorerl'efficacitéenergetique (COM(92)246finalof1.6.1992)
11.ProposalforaCouncilDecisionforamonitoringmechanismofCommunityC02andother
greenhousegasemissions(SEC(92)854finalof22.5.1992)
12.ProposalforaCouncilDirectivetolimitcarbondioxideemissionsbyimprovingenergyefficiency
(SAVEprogramme )(COM(92)182finalof26.6.1992)
13.ProposalforaCouncilDirectiveintroducingataxoncarbon .dioxideemissionsandenergy
(COM(92)226finalof30.6.1992)
14.ProposalforaCouncilDecisionconcerningthepromotionofrenewableenergysourcesinthe
Community (Altenerprogramme )(COM(92)180finalof29.6.1992)
C.Financialinstruments
15.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No1973/72of21May1992establishingafinancialinstrumentforthe
environment (LIFE)(OJNoL206,22.7.1992)
16.Recommendation foraCouncilDecisionontheCommunity'sparticipation intheGlobal
EnvironmentFacility(GEF)(SEC(92)694,5May1992)

NoC44/20 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 16.2.93
17.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No443/92of25February1992onfinancialandtechnicalassistanceto,
andeconomiccooperationwith,thedevelopingcountriesinAsiaandLatinAmerica(OJNoL52,
27.2.1992)
18.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No1762/92of29June1992concerningtheapplicationofprotocols
relatedtotechnicalandfinancialcooperationbetweentheCommunityandMediterranean
non-membercountries(OJNoL181,1.7.1992)
19.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No1763/92of29June1992concerningfinancialcooperationinrespect
ofallMediterranean non-membercountries(OJNoL181,1.7.1992)
20.CouncilandCommissionDecision91/400/ECSC,EECof25February1991ontheconclusionof
the4thACP-EECConvention (OJNoL229,7.8.1991)
D.Researchandsystematicobservation
21.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No1210/90of7May1990ontheestablishment oftheEuropean
EnvironmentAgencyandtheEuropeanenvironmentinformationandobservationnetwork(OJNo
L120,11.5.1990)
22.CouncilDecision89/625/EECof20November1989onaEuropeanprogrammeonclimatology
andnaturalhazards(Epoch)andaEuropeanprogrammeonscienceandtechnologyforenvironment
protection (STEP)(OJNoL359,8.12.1989)
23.CouncilDecision91/354/EECog7June1991onaCommunityresearchandtechnological
developmentprogrammeinthefieldoftheenvironment (1990to1994)(OJNoC192,16.7.
1991)
24.CouncilDecision89/236/EEConaspecificresearchandtechnologicaldevelopmentprogrammein
thefieldofenergy:non-nuclearenergiesandrationaluseofenergy(Jouleprogramme )(OJNoL98,
11.4.1989)
E.Forestry
25.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No3528/86of17November1986ontheprotectionoftheCommunity's
forestsagainstatmosphericpollution(OJNoL217,31.7.1992),asamendedbyRegulation (EEC)
No2157/92
26.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No2158/92of23July1992ontheprotectionoftheCommunity's
forestsagainstfire(OJNoL217,31.7.1992)
27.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No1765/92of30June1992establishingasupportsystemforproducers
ofcertainarablecrops(OJNoL181,1.7.1992)
28.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No2080/92of30June1992institutingaCommunityaidschemefor
forestrymeasuresinagriculture (OJNoL215,30.7.1992)
F.Transport
29.CouncilDirective92/6/EEContheinstallationanduseofspeedlimitationdevicesforcertain
categoriesofmotorvehiclesintheCommunity (OJNoL57,2.3.1992)
30.ProposalforaCouncilDirectiveamendingDirective77/143/EEContheapproximation ofthelaws
oftheMemberStatesrelatingtoroadworthiness testsformotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers(exhaust
emissions)(COM(91)244final—OJNoC189,20.7.1991)
31.CouncilDirective91/440/EECof29July1991onthedevelopmentoftheCommunityrailways(OJ
NoL237,24.8.1991)
32.CouncilRegulation (EEC)No1893/91of20June1991amendingRegulation (EEC)No1191/89
onactionbyMemberStatesconcerningtheobligationsinherentintheconceptofapublicservicein
transportbyrail,roadandinlandwaterway (OJNoL169,29.6.1991)
33.CouncilDirective75/130/EECof17February1975ontheestablishmentofcommonrulesof
certaintypesofcombinedrail/roadcarriagesofgoodsbetweenMemberStates(OJNoL48,22.2.
1975)intheprocessofbeingmodifiedbycommunication concerningthecreationofaEuropean
combinedtransportnetwork(COM(92)230)

16.2.93 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoC44/21
ANNEXIII
DRAFTDECLARATION ONTHEIMPLEMENTATION OFTHEUNFRAMEWORK CONVENTION
ONCLIMATECHANGEBYTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITY
TheEuropeanCommunityanditsMemberStatesreaffirmtheobjectiveofstabilizationofC02emissionsby
theyear2000at1990levelintheCommunityasawhole.