ARCHIVESHISTORIQUES
DELACOMMISSION
COLLECTION RELIEEDES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM(82)96
Vol.1982/0035

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COMMISSION OFTHEEUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
COM(82)96 final
Brussels,8March1982
MEMORANDUM
CONCERNING ACOMMUNITY COALRESEARCH PROGRAMME INTHEFIELDOFMINING
ENGINEERING WITHAVIEWTOOBTAINING FINANCIAL AIDUNDERTHETERMSOF
ARTICLE55§2c)OFTHEE.C.S.C. TREATY
(Budgetaryyear1982)
MEMORANDUM
CONCERNING ACOMMUNITY COALRESEARCH PROGRAMME INTHEFIELDOFPRODUCT
BENEFICIATION WITHAVIEWTOOBTAINING FINANCIAL AIDUNDERTHETERMSOF
ARTICLE55§2c)OFTHEE.C.S.C. TREATY
(Budgetaryyear1982)
(submittedtotheCouncilbytheCommission )
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MEMORANDUM
CONCERNING ACOMMUNITY COALRESEARCH PROGRAMME INTHEFIELDOFMINING
ENGINEERING WITHAVIEWTOOBTAINING FINANCIAL AIDUNDERTHETERMSOF
ARTICLE55§2c)OFTHEE.C.S.C.TREATY
(Budgetaryyear1982)
I.INTRODUCTION
TheexpectedincreaseincoalusepresentstheCommunity'smineswiththe
problemofmeetingthenecessaryrequirements withregardtosafety,
technology,organization andeconomy.Since,fortheexistingreserves,
thisisnotpossiblewithoutafurtherintensive R&Deffort,theCommission
proposestheapprovalofaCommunityresearchprogrammeinthefieldof
miningengineeringthatwillbecarriedoutinclosecooperation bythe
followinginstitutions andundertakings ,andforwhichfinancialaidtinder
thetermsofArt.55§2c)oftheECSCTreatyhasbeenrequested.
-TheNationalCoalBoard,London(NCB)
-TheSteinkohlenbergbauverein ,Essen(StBV)
-TheCentred'EtudesetRecherchesdesCharbonnages deFrance,Paris(CERCHAR)
-TheInstitutNationaldesIndustriesExtractives,Liège(INIEX)
-TheInstitutd'HygiènedesMines,Hasselt(IHM)
II.AIMSANDOBJECTIVES OFTHEPROGRAMME
Theaimsofthenewprogrammemaybesummarisedasfollows:
Workingenvironment andsafety
Theincreasedintensityofoperationandextensiontogreaterdepthshave
amajorinfluenceinthisfield.Thenegativeinfluencesofthese

-2-
unavoidable developments ,namelytheincreasedrateofmethanerelease,the
increasingtemperatures andtheincreasingrockpressuremakeurgently -
necessarythedevelopment ofsuitablesolutionsforsuchproblems.In
parallel,car?mustbetakeninallareasofundergroundoperationstomake
workingconditionsasattractiveaspossible.
Technology
Inpreparatory work,thedesiredincreaseintheuseofheadingmachines
isstronglydependentonthedevelopmentofnewcuttingtechniques.In
coalwinningthefaceendregionstillpresentsamajorhindrancetohighly
mechanisedorevenautomatedoperation.Finally,inthefieldoftransport
andsupply,itisabsolutelynecessarytomakeuseofthemostup-to-date
meansofrationalisation .
Organization andeconomics
Theavoidanceoflongorshortinterruptions inoperationsisanimportant
prerequisite forobtainingbettertechnicalandeconomicresults.Toachieve
thisaim,thoroughreconnaissance ofreservesasabasisforsoundplanning,
andtheuseofthemostmoderntechniquesforcommunication andthe
monitoringandcontrolofoperationsarenecessary.
III.PROGRAMME OFWORKENVISAGED
Thenewprogrammeproposedtakestheaboverequirements intoaccountand
concentrates onthefollowingfields:
-Development workincoalandstone
–Methanestudies,ventilationcontrolandmineclimate
–Rockpressureandsupports
-Methodsofworkingandtechniquesofcoalgetting
–Outbyeoperationsunderground
-Modemmanagementtechniques
Theoverallprogrammewillbecarriedoutwithclosecollaboration between
theresearchinstitutes andtheCommunity'smines.Itcomprisesthe
following21projects.

-3-
Development workincoalandstone
Atwo-partjointproject,"Improvementofperformanceinroadwaydrivageby
increasedeffectiveness ofcutting"isproposedhere.
1.Actuated "boringII(StBV)
Continuation ofworkbegunundertheproject"ActuatedboringI"onthe
developmentorimprovementofnewactuatedboringtoolsofvarioustypesand
sizes.
Totalcost:DM1446000
2.Effectofhigh-pressure water.jetsontheperformance ofboom-type
tunnellingmachines(NCB)
Increaseindrivagerates,reducedcuttingforces,coolinganddust
suppression bythecombination ofhigh-pressure waterjetsandmechanical
cuttingtoolsontunnellingmachines.
Totalcost:UK£203000
Methanestudies,ventilation controlandmineclimate
Athree-partjointprojecton"Prediction andcontrolofgasemission"
(Nos.3-5)and"twoprojectsongasdrainageandventilationcontrolareproposed
3*Investigation andapplication ofnewmethodsforobserving,evaluating
andcontrollingtheemissionandflowofmethane(CERCHAR)
Improvementofmodelsforthepredictionandcontrolofmethaneemission,
takingintoaccountthedynamicsofemission,theinteractionofmethane
flowsbetweenneighbouring workingsandmethaneoutburstsinworkingsin
permeableseams.
Totalcost:FF2100000

-4-
4.Investigation offiredampanditsemissionincoalseams(NCB)
Continuation ofthedevelopment ofamethodforpredictionofemissionto
improveplanningandincreasesafety.
Totalcost:UK£851500
5.Automatedmanagementofmethanedrainage(INIEX)
Automationofdrainage(variabledampers,microprocessors ,etc.)inorder
toensurethepromptandsufficientsupplyofgasoftherequiredquality
toconsumers.
Totalcost:PB9320000
6.Development oftelemetryofventilation andclimateforthecontrolofmain
andsecondaryventilation (IHM)
Development ofanimprovedsystemforremotemonitoringofmethaneand
climatewithaviewtoimprovingthedistribution ofventilation (remote
monitoringofairflow,andanewtypeofremotehygrometer).
Totalcost:PB4000000
7.Minefanmonitoring (NCB)
Improvedsafetythroughthedevelopmentofapackagedsystem(partofthe
MINOSsystem)forcontinuousmonitoringofmain,boosterandauxiliaryfans.
Totalcost:UK£245000
Rockpressureandsupports
Twothree-partjointprojectson"Studiesoftheparametersinfluencing the
construction andlifetimeofshieldsupportswithaviewtoimprovingroof
controlandachievingbetterfunctionalcontrol"(Nos.8-10)and"Investigation
ofstratapropertiesandstratabehaviourwithaviewtoearlydetection
ofchangingconditions andtoimprovethedesignofroadwaysupportsystems"
(Nos.11-13)areproposedunderthisheading.
#•/••

-5-
8.Aninvestigation ofyieldzonedevelopmentaroundlongwallcoalfaces(NCB)
Greatersafety,moreeffectiveroofcontrolandbetterdesignofface
supportsthroughsystematicmeasurementofthedevelopmentofyieldand
fracturezonesinthefaceregion.
Totalcost:UK£109000
9.Measuringinstallationsforrecordingandevaluationofrockproperties (StBV)'
Improvedpredictionoftheeffectofcoalwinningonroadways "bythetesting
ofnewly-developed measuringinstallations andpreparation oftherelevant
database.
Totalcost:DM1365000
10.ShieldBupport-simpler,lighter,moreeffective(StBV)
Continuation ofworkbegunundertheproject"Alighterandsimplershield
support"onthefurtherdevelopment andreductioninweightofshieldsupports.
TotalcostsDM2020000
11.Strataloadingofmineroadwaysupports(NCB)
Improvedroofcontrolandsafetythroughdevelopment ofabasisforselecting
roadwaysupportsasafunctionoftheirloading.
TotalcostsUK£105500
12.Improvementofroadwaysupports(INTEX)
Controlofhighrockpressurebytheuseofcircularsupportsconstructed
fromprefabricated concreteelementsinmainroadwaysandadaptationof
thesesupportstooperationswithfull-facetunnellingmachines.
Totalcost:FB10550000
13«Planning,installation andmonitoringofcircularroadwaysupports-
PhaseII(NCB)
Secondphaseofacurrentprojectunderthesametitle.Increasedsafety
andgreaterstabilityofnewmainroadwaysunderdifficultstrataconditions

-6-
andatgreaterdepthsbyapplication ofcircularsupportsincombination
withfull-facetunnellingmachinesorconventional roadwaydrivage.
Testingofvariousconcretesegmentsorcombinations ofconcretesegments
andsteel.
Totalcost:UK£284000
Methodsofworkingandtechniques ofcoalgetting
Inthissectiontherearetwoprojectsonthesolutionofproblemsat
theface/roadwayintersection .
14.Faceendfundamentals ;applicationtocoaldeposits(StBV)
Continuation ofworkundertheproject"Improvement offaceends"onthe
systematicstudyofallfactorsandcriteriarelatedtothe.optimallayout
offace/roadwayintersections ,especiallythroughthedevelopmentofa
suitablemeasurement techniqueandmeasurement ofimportantfactorsonthe
basisofthe"Paceendsystem"alreadyavailable.
TotalcostsDM1157000
15•DevelopmentoffaceendmachinesII(StBV)
Continuation oftheproject"Development offaceendmachines"onthe
improvementoftheconductofoperationsatface/roadwayintersections ,
principally bythedevelopment ofspecialcuttingmachinesforthisarea.
Totalcost:DM3400000
Outbyeoperations underground
Here,twoprojectsdealwiththefurtherdevelopment ofnewandconventional
conveyingandtransporttechniques.
16.Improvementofhydraulicandpneumatictransport(StBV)
Furtherdevelopmentofbothhydraulictransportinshafts(increaseincapar-
city),inroadways(coal,debris,wasterock)andonthesurface(washery
discard)andpneumatictransportofbackfillingmaterialwiththeaimof
improvingsafetyandreducingcost.
Totalcost:DM2000000

-7-
17.ImprovementofconveyingandtransporttechniquesII(StBV)
Continuation oftheproject"Improvement ofconveyingandtransporttechni­
ques"inordertoachievefurtheroptimisation andincreasedthroughput
ofunderground conveying,materialtransport .andtransferequipment
(increasedquantitiesofmaterial,increasingweights,flexibility,safetyin
theworkplace,etc.).
TotalcostïDM2309000
ModemManagementtechniques
Aprojectonreconnaissance ofdeposits,togetherwiththreeothersonthe
improvement ofcommunications ,remotecontrolandtheapplicationof
computersareproposed.
18.Guidedlongholedrilling(NCB)
Development ofalongholedrillingtechniqueandoftheguidancemechanism
asanalterantive forreconnaissance aheadofthefaceinbothcoalseams
(winning)andadjacentrocks(roadwaydrivage).
TotalcostsUK£440500
19»Undergrounddatacommunications (NCB)
Development ofanefficientdatatransmission systemasaprerequisite
fortheuseofthelatestcomputertechnology (microprocessors )forextended
andcomprehensive controlandmonitoringofoperations.
Totalcost:UKfc930000
20.Newremotecontrolsystemsforwinningandtunnelling machines,loaders
andtransportequipment(CERCHAR)
Increasedefficiencyandwiderfieldofapplication ofremotecontrolof
machinesbytheapplicationofthemostup-to-datetechnology (multiple
proportioned control,microprocessors ,line-of-sightcontroldevices,
controlviapowercables,etc.).
TotalcostsFF2100000

-8-
21.DevelopmentofMINOS2(NCB)
Furtherdevelopment andwiderapplicationoftheMINOSsystemforthe
monitoring andcontrolofoperations "bytheuseofthelatestdevelopments
incomputertechnology.
Totalcost:UK£397500
IV.ESTIMATED COSTANDDURATION OFTHEPROGRAMME
Thetotalestimatedcostfortheprogrammeis
13155000ECU*
Thecostsoftheindividualprojectsaregiveninthefollowing^able.
Thedurationoftheprojectsisbetweentwoandfiveyears.
♦Ratesofconversion fromnationalcurrenciesarethoseof30November1981

-9-
No. Project ProposerTotalcost
ECU*
DEVELOPMENT WORKINCOALANDSTONE
1.ActuatedboringIIStBV 590000
2.Effectofhigh-pressure waterjetsontheperfor­
manceofboom-typetunnellingmachinesNCB 359500
Total 949500
METHANESTUDIES.VENTILATION CONTROL
ANDMINECLIMATE
3.Investigation andapplication ofnewmethods
forobserving,evaluatingandcontrollingthe
emissionandflowofmethaneCERCHAR 339500
4.Investigation offiredampanditsemissionin
coalseamsNCB 1506000
5.Automatedmanagementofmethanedrainage INIEX 226000
6.Development oftelemetryofventilation and
climateforthecontrolofmainandsecondary
ventilationIHM 97000
i
7.Minefanmonitoring NCB 433500
Total 2602000
ROCKPRESSURE ANDSUPPORTS
8.Aninvestigation ofyieldzonedevelop-
mentaroundlongwallcoalfacesNCB 193000
9.Measuringinstallations forrecordingand
evaluationofrockpropertiesStBV 557ooo
10.Shieldsupport-simpler,lighter,more
effectiveStBV 824ooo
11.Strataloadingofmineroadwaysupports NCB 187000
12.Improvement ofroadwaysupports INIEX 256000
13.Planning,installation andmonitoringof
circularroadwaysupports-PhaseIINCB 5025OO
Total 25195OO
METHODSOPWORKINGANDTECHNIQUES OP
COALGETTING
14.Paceendfundamentals ;applicationto
coaldepositsStBV 472000
15.Development offaceendmachinesII StBV 1387000
Total 1859000
*Ratesofconversionfromnationalcurrenciesare"thoseof30November1981

-10-
No. Project ProposerTotalcost
ECU*
OUTBYEOPERATIONS UNDERGROUND
16.Improvement ofhydraulicandpneumatictransport StBV 816000
17.Improvement ofconveyingandtransporttechniquesII StBV 942000
Total 1758000
MODERNMANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
18.Guidedlongholedrilling NCB 779500
19.Undergrounddatacommunications NCB 1645000
20.Newremotecontrolsystemsforwinningand
tunnellingmachines,loadersandtransport
equipmentCERCHAR 339500
21.Development ofMINOS2 NCB 703000
I
Total 3467000
Grandtotal13155000
*Ratesofconversion fromnationalcurrenciesarethoseof20November1981

EXPECTEDREPERCUSSIONS OPTHEHEWPROGRAMME
Themostimportantresultstobeexpectedfromthenewprogrammemay"be
summarised asfollows:
Minesafetyandworkingenvironment
Inthefieldofmethanestudiesandventilationcontrol,theworkonprediction
andcontrolofgasemissioninparticular (Nos.3and4)willhaveadirect
effectonsafetyasaconsequence ofimprovedplanningandtheavoidanceof
accumulations ofmethane.Thecontrolofmethanedrainage(No.5)will,apart
fromitseconomicadvantages,alsoleadindirectlytoimprovedsafety.Ofthe
projectsonventilationsurveillance ,theoneonminefanmonitoring(No.7)
willveryquicklyhaveaninfluenceonsafety,whilethepreliminary workon
automaticcontrolofventilation (No.6)willgivelong-termbenefitsformine
climate.
Withregardtorockpressureandsupports,thetheoreticalstudiesandworkon
measurementtechniques (Nos.8,9and11)willlaythefoundationforfarther
developments ,whiletheprojectsontheimprovementofsupportsthemselves
(Nos.10,12and13)willfacilitatethetransferofpreviousresultsinto
practice,thusrapidlyleadingtodevelopments inroofcontrol.
Favourableconsequences forcoalwinningareexpectedtofollowfromtheprojects
ontheimprovedmanagementofthedangerousfaceendregion.
Theconditionsintheworkplacewillbedirectlyimproved,particularly
throughtheprojectsonimprovedtransportandconveying(Nos.16and17)»
communications (No.19)andremotecontrol(No.20),whilethestudiesonseam
reconnaissance (No.18)andmonitoringofoperations (No.21)shouldhavean
indirectinfluence.
Technology
Inthefieldofoutbyeservicesthestudiesontheimprovement ofdrilling
techniques(No.1)andthedevelopmentofnewcuttingprocesses(No.2),will,
inadditiontomakingtheworkeasier,giverisetoincreasedratesofadvanceand
hencetoareductionincosts.

-12-
Incoalwinning,workontheoptimumlayoutoffaceendsandthedevelopment
ofappropriatemachines(Nos.14and15)isexpectedtoleadtotheelimin­
ationofoperational problems,andhencetoincreasedwinningrates.
Safetywillbeimprovedindevelopment workbytheimprovement oftransportand
conveying(Nos.16and17)»Theseprojectswillalsogiveincreasesin
capacityandreductionsincostinwindingandmaterialtransport.
Organisation andeconomy
Rationalplanningandtheavoidanceofinterruptions canbeexpectedto
resultfromtheresearchintoimprovedseamreconnaissance (No.18),and
thiswillhaveimportanteconomicconsequences .
Theprojectonunderground communications ,remotecontrolandup-to-date
monitoringtechniques (Nos.19-21)willlaythebasisforafurther
improvement inorganization andthusforinterruption-free operation.
VI.DISSEMINATION OFRESEARCHRESULTS
TheECSCExperts*Committeeswhichareconcernedwithresearchworkinthe
variousfieldsofthenewprogrammewillalsosuperviseandkeepunderreview
theexecutionoftheresearchworkthatformsthesubjectoftheproposals.
Theagreementstobeconcludedwiththebeneficiaries oftheaidwilldefinethe
rightsandobligations ofthecontractingparties.Theywillbedesigned
primarilytoensurethattheresearchresultswillbemadeavailable
toallconcernedintheCommunity,inaccordancewithArt.55of"the
ECSCTreaty.
VII.CONCLUSIONS
Inviewoftheimportance andinterestoftheproposedresearchprogramme
withregardtothetechnology,thesafety,theworkingenvironment andthe
economyofsurfaceandunderground operationsintheCommunity'scoal
mines,theprovisionoffinancialaidbytheECSCforthecarryingout
oftheindividualprojectsisjudgedtobeappropriate andjustified.
Theresearchprogrammewillcost13155000ECU*andtheCommissionproposes
tograntaidtotalling
7893000ECU
tocoveritsshareofresearchcosts.
*Ratesofconversionfromnationalcurrenciesarethoseof30Nov.1981/••/••

Distribution ofaid
CERCHAR (Prance )
NCB (United Kingdom )
StBV (Germany )
ITTIEX (Belgium )
IHM (Belgium )407400ECU -
3785400ECU
3352800ECU
289200ECU
58200

MEMORANDUM
CONCERNING ACOMMUNITY COAL RESEARCH PROGRAMME INTHE FIELD OFPRODUCT
BENEFI CIATION WITH AVIEW TOOBTAINING FINANCIAL AID UNDER THE TERMS OF
ARTICLE 55§2c)OFTHEE.C.S.C. TREATY
(Budgetary year 1982 )
INTRODUCTION
Theevents ofrecent years have served toemphasise thevulnerability
oftheEuropean Community with regard toenergy supplies .Itisgenerally
acknowledged that theCommunity 'sdependence onimported hydrocarbons
should bereduced andthat increased coal usehasanimportant r81e toplay
inachieving greater security ofsupply .However ,newandtraditional
uses forcoal must bedeveloped andimproved ifthis objective istobe
achieved .
Onthese grounds ,theCommission proposes theapproval ofaCommunity
research programme inthefield ofproduct beneficiation forwhich
financial aidunder theterms ofArt.55§2c)oftheEjC.S.C .Treaty
hasbeen requested andwhich will becarried out inclose cooperation
bythefollowing institutions andundertakings :
-TheBritish Carbonization Research Association .Chesterfield (BCRA )
-TheCentre d'Etudes etRecherches desCharbonnages deFrance .Paris (CERCHAR )
-TheCentro Sperimentale Metallurgico .Rome (CSM)
-TheDeutscher Braunkohlen -Industrie -Verein. Cologne (DEBRIV )
-TheNational Coal Board ,London (NCB)
-NEIInternational Combustion Limited ,Derby (NEl )
-TheSteinkohlenbergbauverein ,Essen (StBV )

-2-
TheallocationoftaskswithintheprogrammetakeBaccountofthe
facilitiesandexpertiseexistinginthevariousCommunitycountriesand
collaboration betweenresearchworkersandcoalproducersisassured.
II.AIMSANDOBJECTIVES OFTHEPROGRAMME
Theresearchprojectsinthefieldofproductbeneficiation forwhichaid
isrequestedarerelatedtofourmaintopicsandthusformfourprogrammes :
-Mechanicalcoalpreparation andcoaltransport
-Cokingofcoal
-Combustionofcoalandnewtechnologies forcoalutilization ,and
-Coalchemistryandphysicsanddevelopment ofprocesses.
Theproblemofhandlingandtreatingtheincreasedquantityoffine
materialthatresultsfromtheintroduction ofmorepowerfulcoal-winning
machineryisamajorpreoccupation amongcoalpreparationengineers,and
isthethemeofthefourprojectsthatformtheresearchprogrammeinthe
fieldofmechanicalcoalpreparation andcoaltransport.Theprojectsare
aimedatimprovingthepreparation offinesandthecontroloftheprocesses
involved.
TheresearchprogrammeonthecokingofcoalcoverstheCommunity'sprincipal
aimsinthatfield.Twofundamental studiesofcoketextureandthemechanism
offormationofcokeareaimedatprovidingabasisfortheoptimumuseof
availablecoalsandtheimprovementofcokequality;thepurposeofcontinuing
researchontheuseofstampchargingincombinationwithchargepreheating
istowidentherangeofcoalsthatcanbecarbonizedsuccessfully ;further
workonthecontrolofcokeovenheatingisintendedtoimprovetheeconomy
andefficiencyofcokingplantoperation;finally,twoprojectsonthe
treatmentofgaseousandliquidby-products areaimedatreducing,oreven
eliminating problemsrelatedtoliquideffluentsaswellasatupgrading
thegasesproducedduringcarbonization .
Theprojectsinthefieldofcombustionofcoalandnewtechnologies for
coalutilizationareconcerned,inthefirstplace,withthesubstitution
ofcoalforoilandnaturalgasingeneralindustry,electricitygeneration
andtheblastfurnace.Otherprojectsdealwiththeimprovementofcoal
distribution andhandlinginsmall-to-mediumindustrialapplications and

-3-
withenvironmental problemsrelatedtotheashresultingfromcoalcombustion
orprocessing andtothetraceelementspresentincoal.
Thethreeprojectsinthefieldofcoalchemistryandphysicsanddevelopment
ofprocessesareaimedatwideningtherangeoforganicchemicalsand
liquidfuelsthatcanbemanufactured byliquefaction ofcoaltoprovide
substitutesforproductsmadefromoilandnaturalgas,andatimproving
theeconomyandefficiencyofcoalliquefaction *
III.PROGRAMME OFWORKENVISAGED
Theproposedresearchprogrammeinthefieldofproductbeneficiation may
beaummarized asfollows:
Mechanical coalpreparation andcoaltransport
1.Improveddewateringofsmallcoalandfines(StBV)
Continuation ofresearchaimedatimprovingthedewateringoffinematerial
toobtainproductswiththedesiredmoisturecontentwithoutresortingto
costlythermaldrying.
Totalcost:DM843000
2.Theinteractionofprocessesinfinestreatmentplar^s(NCB)
Pilot-scaleteststoimprovethequalityandconsistencyofcoalproduced
byincreasingmachinecapacity.Theprojectwillleadtothedevelopment
andtestingofamethodofcontrolforthetotalfinestreatmentsystem.
Totalcost:UK£247300
3.Investigation toimprovethehandlability ofwetfinecoal(NCB)
Thepurposeoftheprojectistofindasolutiontotheproblemofthe
deterioration thatoccursincoalhandlability andflowpropertiesasthe
finescontentincreases,sothatfinecoal-canbepreparedandsold
competitively .
TotalcostJUK£265000

-4-
4.Influenceofthequalityofwasherywaterongradingandflocculation (StBV)
Theaimoftheprojectistostudytheinfluenceof,andtheinteractions
betweenthechemicals(salts,flocculants,etc)presentinwasherywater
withaviewtoimprovingthepreparation ofcoalfines.
Totalcost:DM804000
Cokingofcoal
5.Optimisationoftextureofcarbonincoke(BCRA)
Studyoftheinfluenceofcokecarbontextureonthegasification and
breakagebehaviourofcokeswithaviewtoidentifying theoptimumtexture.
Investigation ofmeansofachievingthisoptimumtextureincokesmade
frompoorerqualitycoals.
Totalcost:UK£211730
6.Contributiontothestudyofthemechanismofformationofcoke(CERCHAR)
Improvement ofmethodsofpredictingcokequalityanddefiningther81e
ofadditivesincorporated intocokingblends,anddevelopmentofnew
laboratorytestsforqualityprediction.
Totalcost:FF2000000
7.Productionofblastfurnacecokeinslot-typeovensfromblendswithout
conventional cokingproperties bythecombinedapplication ofpreheating
andstampcharging(CERCHAR)
Theaimoftheprojectistodevelopanindustrialinstallation forthe
regularchargingofabatteryof43cokeovens.
TotalcostsFF2735000
••/••

-5-
8.Development ofsystematiccontrolsforthethermalregulationofbatteries
andtheproductionofcoke(CERCHAB)
Continuation ofworkonoptimisation ofthecontroloftheheatingofcoke
ovenbatteriestoreduceenergyconsumption andtoimproveproductivity
andcokequality.
Totalcost:PP2000000
9.Treatmentofcondensates andwashingwaterincokingplants-II(StBV)
Continuation ofstudiesaimedatimprovingtheremovalorrecoveryofharmful
organicandinorganicmaterials(phenols,ammonia,hydrogensulphide,etc.)
fromcokeoveneffluentinordertoreducetreatmentcostsandwater
consumption andtominimisepollution.Theultimateaimistoenablea
cokingplanttooperatewithoutproducingliquideffluent.
TotalcostsDM1034000
10.Conversion oftar-containing cokeovengasinapulsatingcombustor
andtreatmentoftheproductgases(StBV)
Theaimoftheprojectistoimprovetheeconomyofcokingplantoperation
byreducingthecostofgascleaningandliquideffluenttreatment
andfindingnewoutletsforcokeovengas.
TotalcostsDM2763000
Combustion ofcoalandnewtechniquesforcoalutilization
11.Optimisation trialsonlargeburnersfiringcoal-watermixturesand
burnersfiringdense-phase ,air-conveyedpulverisedcoal(NEl)
Investigation ofcoalfiringsystemsaimedatconversionoflarge-scale
steam-raising plantfromoilandgasfiringtocoalfiring.
Totalcost:UK£363847

-6-
12.Preparation andinjectionintotheblastfarnaceofcoal-^atermixtures(CSM)
Investigation ofthepossibilityofreplacingfueloilinjectionintoblafft
ftirnacetuy&resbyinjectionofmixturesofwaterandCommunitycoal
(cokingornon-coking)oravailablecokebreeze.
Totalcost:LIT870000000
13.Improvementstocoaltransportmethods(NCB)
Improvementoftheacceptability ofcoalforindustrialuse,particularly
forcombustionequipmentbelow30MW(thermal)capacity,bydeveloping
newandimprovedmethodsofcoaldeliveryandimprovedreceptionfacilities.
Emphasiswillbeplacedonautomation,convenience andenvironmental
acceptability .
Totalcost:UKX398600
14.Disposalandutilizationofashresidues(NCB)
Assessmentoftheenvironmental impactofthedisposalofashresidues
producedbynewcoalprocessingtechnology,andinvestigation ofmethods
ofutilizingsuchresidues.
Totalcost:DK£262000
15.Studyoftheconditionsofformationandevolutionoftracepollutants
duringcoalcombustioninindustrialfurnaces(CERCHAR)
Assessmentoftherealrisksofpollutionassociatedwiththepredicted
increaseinthenumberofmedium-sized ,coal-firedinstallations .
Totalcost:FF1500000

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Coalchemistryandphysicsanddevelopment ofprocesses
16.Synthesisofchemicalfeedstocksandintermediates (NCB)
Theaimoftheprojectistoestablishtechnicallyfeasiblemethodsfor
manufacturing certainimportantorganicchemicals(startingmaterials
forplastics,resins,syntheticrubberandtextiles)fromcoalvia
synthesisgasandmethanolinsteadoffromnaphthaandnaturalgas.
Totalcost:UK£421000
17.Refiningofcoaloilstoproducefuelsandfeedstocks (NCB)
Studyofthebeneficiation ofcoaloildistillatestoproducegasoline,
dieselandaviationfuels,andchemicalfeedstockstomeetthe
specifications ofexistingmarkets.Development,forcoalrefiniilg,
ofequipmentandmethodsbasedonthoseusedinthepetroleumindustry.
Totalcost:UK£753700
18.Studiesoftheliquefaction oflignitebyhydrogenation (DEBRIV)
Development ofimprovedtechniquesforthepreparation andhydrogenation of
lignitetomaketheprocessofliquefaction economically moreattractive
asameansofreplacingimportedhydrocarbons .
Totalcost:DM1850000
IV.ESTIMATED COSTANDDURATION OFTHERESEARCH WORK
Thetotalcostforeseenfortheprogrammeis
10139500ECU*
Thecostoftheindividualprojectsisgiveninthefollowingtable.
Thedurationoftheprojectsvariesbetween2and3^years.
♦Ratesofconversionfromnationalcurrenciesarethoseof30November1981

No. Project ProposerTotalcost
ECU*
MECHANICAL COALPREPARATION ANDCOALTRANSPORT
1.Improveddewateringofsmallcoalandfines StBV 344000
2.Theinteraction offinestreatmentprocesses NCB437500
3.Investigation toimprovethehandlability of
wetfinecoal NCB 469000
4.Influenceofthequalityofwasherywateron
gradingandflocculation StBV 328000
Total 1578500
COKINGOPCOAL
5.Optimization oftextureofcartonincoke BCRA 374500
6.Contribution tothestudyofthemechanism
offormationofcoke CERCHAR 323500
7.Production ofblastfurnacecokeinslot-
typeovensfromblendswithoutconventional
cokingpropertiesbythecombinedapplica­
tionofpreheatingandstampcharging CERCHAR 442000
8.Development ofsystematiccontrolsforthe
thermalregulationofbatteriesandthe
productionofcoke CERCHAR 323500
9-Treatmentofcondensates andwashingwater
incokingplants–II StBV 422000
10.Conversionoftar-containing cokeovengas
inapulsatingcombustorandtreatmentof
theproductgases StBV 1127000
Total 3012500
COMBUSTION OPCOALANDNEWTECHNIQUES FOR
COALUTILIZATION
11.Optimisationtrialsonlargeburnersfiring
coal-watermixturesandburnersfiringdense-
phase,air-conveyed pulverisedcoal NEI 643500
12.Preparation andinjectionintotheblastfurnace
ofcoal-water mixtures CSM 661000
13.Improvements tocoaltransportmethods NCB 705000
14.Disposalandutilization ofashresidues NCB 463500
15.Studyoftheconditionsofformationand
evolutionoftracepollutantsduringcoal
combustioninindustrial furnaces CERCHAR 242500
Total 27155OO
♦Ratesofconversionfromnationalcurrenciesarethoseof30November1981

-9-
No. Project ProposerTotalcost
ECU»
COALCHEMISTRY ANDPHYSICSANDDEVELOPMENT
OFPROCESSES
16.Synthesisofchemicalfeedstocksandinter-
mediates NCB 745000
17.Refiningofcoaloilstoproducefuels
andfeedstocks NCB 1333000
18.Studiesoftheliquefaction oflignite
byhydrogénation DEBRIV 755000
Total 2833000
Grandtotal 10139500
V.EXPECTEDREPERCUSSIONS OFTHERESEARCH PROGRAMME
Theresearchprogrammewillcontributetotheeffiencyandeconomyofcoal
preparation byimprovingtheeffectiveness offinestreatmentandwill,
throughthedevelopment oftechniquesforagglomerating finecoal,help
toprovideaproductthatismoreeasilymanageableand,therefore,more
attractivetocoalusers.
Workinthefieldofcokingofcoalwillgiverisetoimprovements incoking
plantoperation,particularly withrespecttothroughput,energysaving,product
qualityandthetreatmentofby-products .Itwillalsoleadtoawidening
oftherangeofusablecoalsandimprovements inthequalityofmetallurgical
cokewhichwill,inturn,giveimprovements inblastfurnaceperformance.
Inthefieldofcombustion ofcoalandnewtechnologies forcoalutilization .
theprogrammewillmakecontributionstothedesignoflargeburnersforcoal/
watermixturesanddensephasecoal/airsuspensionsaswellastothepreparation
anduseintheblastfurnaceofcoal/watermixtures.Itwillalsoincreasethe
attractiveness ofcoalasafuelinsmaller-scale applications.Finally,the
researchshouldleadtoimprovements inthedisposalorutilization ofcoal
ashandwillprovideabasisforsolutionstotheproblemofdealingwithtrace
elementsinashandcombustiongases.
*Ratesofconversionfromnationalcurrenciesarethoseof30November1981

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Thestudiesoncoalchemistryandphysicsanddevelopment ofprocesseswill
helptoreducetheCommunity'sdependenceonimportedhydrocarbons by
makingitpossibletoproduceawiderangeofsubstituteproductsfromcoal.
VI.RESEARCHRESULTS
TheE.C.S.C.Experts'Committeeswhicharealreadyconcernedwithall
researchworkinthesefieldswillalsosuperviseandkeepunderreviewthe
executionoftheresearchworkthatformsthesubjectoftherequests.
Theagreementstobeconcludedwiththebeneficiaries oftheaidwilldefine
therightsandobligations ofthecontractingparties.Theywillbedesigned
primarilytoensurethattheresearchresultswillbemadeavailabletoall
concernedintheCommunity,inaccordancewithArt.55oftheE.C.S.C.
Treaty.
VII.CONCLUSIONS
Forthereasonsoutlinedabove,theprovisionoffinancialaidbythe
Communityfortheproposedresearchworkinthefieldsofmechanicalcoal
preparation andcoaltransport,cokingofcoal,combustionofcoalandnew
techniquesforcoalutilization,andcoalchemistryandphysicsanddevelopment
ofprocessesisjudgedtobeappropriate andjustified.
Theresearchprogrammewillcost10139500ECU*andtheCommissionproposes
tograntaidtotalling
6083700ECU*
Distrtbntion ofaid
BCRA(UnitedKingdom)
CERCHAR(Prance)
CSM(Italy)
DEBRIV(Germany)
NCB(UnitedKingdom)
NEI(UnitedKingdom)
StBV(Germany)2491800ECU
386100ECU
1332600ECU224700ECU
798900ECU
396600ECU
453000ECU
*Ratesofconversionfromnationalcurrenciesarethoseof30November1981