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The primary focus of the strategic European investment window should be on support to those final recipients established in a Member State and operating in the Union whose activities are of strategic importance to the Union , in line with the priorities described in the New Industrial Strategy for Europe, which aims for a globally competitive, green and digital Europe, with a development model based on industrial ecosystems. The window should also enhance the competitiveness of the Union economy, including the need to rebuild Member States' productive capacity and create future-oriented investments promoting entrepreneurship and job creation, and enhance resilience , including by decreasing dependence on vulnerable supply chains. Projects should bring Union added value and should either be cross-border or generate real added value in more than one Member State or region through spill-over effects. No support should flow directly into the national budgets or substitute national budgetary expenditure, such as social benefits. Areas of strategic importance are as follows (i) critical healthcare provision, manufacturing and stockpiling of medicinal products, including vaccines, and their intermediates, active pharmaceutical ingredients and raw materials; medical devices , hospital and medical equipment, such as ventilators, protective clothing and equipment, diagnostic materials and tools; personal protective equipment, disinfectants and their intermediary products and raw materials necessary for their production; strengthening the resilience of healthcare and health systems in preparation for future crisis response capacity , including the performance of stress tests of national and regional healthcare systems, and of the civil protection system based on the principles of wide availability and affordability of products vital in health emergencies (ii) critical infrastructure, whether physical , analogue or digital, including infrastructure elements and mobile assets identified as critical in the fields of energy, transport, including public transport and active mobility, logistics, environment, water, health, secure digital communication and networks, 5G and very high-speed electronic communication networks, internet of things, online service platforms, secure edge and cloud computing, data processing or storage, payments and financial infrastructure, aerospace, security and defence, communications, media, audio-visual, culture and creativity, education and training, electoral infrastructure and sensitive facilities, public administration, security, housing, as well as land and real estate crucial for the use of such critical infrastructure; (iii) provision of know-how, goods , technologies and services instrumental to the operation and maintenance of such infrastructure and mobile assets ; (iv) key enabling, transformative, green and digital technologies and game-changing innovations where the investment is strategically important for the Union economy, and the sustainable and innovative industrial future of the Union , including artificial intelligence, blockchain and distributed ledger technologies , software, robotics, semiconductors, microprocessors, edge and cloud technologies, high-performance computing, cybersecurity, quantum technologies, photonics, industrial biotechnology, technologies for safe, sustainable, smart and automated mobility and logistics in all modes of transport, renewable and other energy technologies which contribute to the achievement of climate neutrality by 2050 , energy storage technologies including sustainable batteries, sustainable transport technologies, clean hydrogen and fuel cell applications, decarbonisation technologies for industry, such as the production of CO2 free steel, and infrastructure for carbon capture and storage in industrial processes, bioenergy plants and manufacturing facilities towards the energy transition , circular economy technologies and supply chains , biomedicine, nanotechnologies, pharmaceuticals and advanced , renewable and circular materials , space systems and technologies including critical space components, as well as space-based services and applications, and tourism (v) recycling and manufacturing facilities for mass production of nformation Communication and Technology components and devices in the Union, including energy or raw materials, except if already covered by legislative requirements, or food security, having regard to resource efficiency and circularity in strategic value chains and strategic eco-systems ; (vi) supply and stockpiling of critical inputs to public actors, businesses or consumers in the Union; (vii) critical technologies, inputs and applications for the security of the Union and its Member States, such as security and defence and space sectors and cybersecurity, including 5G network security, and dual use items as defined in point 1 of Article 2 of Council Regulation (EC) No 428/2009; (viia) investment and technical assistance to companies, in particular SMEs, start-ups and family businesses to increase the resilience of their value chains and business models, to foster entrepreneurial skills as well as supporting the conditions for boosting entrepreneurship, including by developing networks of clusters and digital innovation hubs, and technological and sustainable sectoral development (viib) critical early detection, and coordinated institutional and economic response capabilities in order to react to the risk of crises, as well as advancing business and service continuity solutions for essential public and private institutions and sectors (viic) investment in New Space activities, both upstream and downstream, in order to bring the most promising technologies and applications to the market, thus ensuring the competitiveness of the Union space industry (viid) strategic investment in renewable energy and energy efficiency projects, including building renovation, with a high potential to significantly contribute to meeting the targets set out in Directives (EU) 2018/2001, (EU) 2018/2002 and (EU) 2018/844 and to contribute to achieving a climate neutral and energy efficient building sector as part of the European Green Deal as laid out in the [renovation wave strategy], or actions under the Union Renewable energy financing mechanism. Final recipients should have their registered office in a Member State and they should be active in the Union in the sense that they have substantial activities in terms of staff, manufacturing, research and development or other business activities in the Union. No final recipient should have a subsidiary that carries on activities with no real economic substance in a country on the Union list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes. Projects which contribute to diversification of strategic supply chains in the Single Market through operations in multiple locations across the Union should be able to benefit.