EN Official Journal of the European Union L 153/1

Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at:

http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html.

Regulation No 107 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UNECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of category M2 or M3 vehicles with regard to their general construction [2015/922]

Incorporating all valid text up to:

06 series of amendments of the Regulation — Date of entry into force: 10 June 2014

Supplement 4 to the 04 series of amendments — Date of entry into force: 9 October 2014

Supplement 2 to the 05 series of amendments — Date of entry into force: 15 June 2015

Supplement 1 to the 06 series of amendments — Date of entry into force: 15 June 2015

CONTENTS

REGULATION

1. Scope

2. Definitions

3. Application for approval

4. Approval

5. Requirements

6. Modification and extension of approval of a vehicle or bodywork type

7. Conformity of production

8. Penalties for non-conformity of production

9. Production definitively discontinued

10. Transitional provisions

11. Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of Type Approval Authorities

12. Reserved

ANNEXES

1 Model information documents and Communication documents

2 Arrangements of approval marks

3 Requirements to be met by all vehicles

4 Explanatory diagrams

5 (Reserved)

6 Guidelines for measuring the closing forces of power-operated doors and the reactive forces of power-operated ramps

7 Alternative requirements for vehicles of Classes A and B

8 Accommodation and accessibility for passengers with reduced mobility

9 (Reserved)

10 Type approval for a separate technical unit and type approval of a vehicle fitted with a bodywork already approved as a separate technical unit

11 Masses and dimensions

12 Additional safety prescriptions for trolleybuses

1. SCOPE

1.1. This Regulation applies to every single-deck, double-deck, rigid or articulated vehicle of category M2 or M3 (1).

1.2. However, the requirements of this Regulation do not apply to the following vehicles:

1.2.1. Vehicles designed for the secure transport of persons, for example prisoners;

1.2.2. Vehicles specially designed for the carriage of injured or sick persons (ambulances);

1.2.3. Off-road vehicles.

1.2.4. Vehicles specially designed for the carriage of school children.

1.3. The requirements of this Regulation apply to the following vehicles only to the extent that they are compatible with their intended use and function:

1.3.1. Vehicles designed for use by police, security and armed forces;

1.3.2. Vehicles which contain seating intended solely for use when the vehicle is stationary, but which are not designed to carry more than 8 persons (excluding the driver) when in motion. Examples of these include mobile libraries, mobile churches and mobile hospitality units. The seats in such vehicles which are designated for use when the vehicle is in motion shall be clearly identified to users.

1.4. Pending the addition of appropriate provisions, nothing in this Regulation shall prevent a Contracting Party from specifying requirements for vehicles to be registered in its territory for the fitting and technical requirements for audible and/or visual route and/or destination display equipment, whether fitted internally or externally.

2. DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Regulation:

2.1. ‘Vehicle’ means a vehicle of category M2 or M3 within the scope defined by paragraph 1 above. 2.1.1. For vehicles having a capacity exceeding 22 passengers in addition to the driver, there are three classes of vehicles: 2.1.1.1. ‘Class I’: vehicles constructed with areas for standing passengers, to allow frequent passenger movement; 2.1.1.2. ‘Class II’: vehicles constructed principally for the carriage of seated passengers, and designed to allow the carriage of standing passengers in the gangway and/or in an area which does not exceed the space provided for two double seats; 2.1.1.3. ‘Class III’: vehicles constructed exclusively for the carriage of seated passengers; 2.1.1.4. A vehicle may be regarded as belonging in more than one Class. In such a case it may be approved for each Class to which it corresponds. 2.1.2. For vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers in addition to the driver, there are two classes of vehicles: 2.1.2.1. ‘Class A’: vehicles designed to carry standing passengers; a vehicle of this class has seats and shall have provision for standing passengers. 2.1.2.2. ‘Class B’: vehicles not designed to carry standing passengers; a vehicle of this class has no provision for standing passengers. 2.1.3. ‘Articulated vehicle’ means a vehicle which consists of two or more rigid sections which articulate relative to one another; the passenger compartments of each section intercommunicate so that passengers can move freely between them; the rigid sections are permanently connected so that they can only be separated by an operation involving facilities which are normally only found in a workshop. 2.1.3.1. ‘Double-decker articulated vehicle’ means a vehicle which consists of two or more rigid sections which articulate relative to one another; the passenger compartments of each section intercommunicate on at least one deck so that passengers can move freely between them; the rigid sections are permanently connected so that they can only be separated by an operation involving facilities which are normally only found in a workshop. 2.1.4. ‘Low floor vehicle’ is a vehicle of Class I, II or A in which at least 35 per cent of the area available for standing passengers (or in its forward section in the case of articulated vehicles, or in its lower deck in the case of double-decker vehicles) forms an area without steps and includes access to at least one service door. 2.1.5. ‘Bodywork’ means a separate technical unit comprising all the special internal and external equipment of the vehicle. 2.1.6. ‘Double-deck vehicle’ means a vehicle where the provided spaces for passengers are arranged, at least in one part, in two superimposed levels and spaces for standing passengers are not provided in the upper deck. 2.1.7. ‘Separate technical unit’ means a device intended to be part of a vehicle, which may be type-approved separately but only in relation to one or more specified types of vehicle. 2.1.8. ‘Trolleybus’ means a vehicle, electrically driven by energy from external, overhead contact wires. For the purposes of this Regulation, it also includes such vehicles having an additional internal means of propulsion (dual mode vehicles) or having a means of temporary external guidance (guided trolleybuses). 2.1.9. ‘Vehicle without roof’ (2) means a vehicle without roof over all or part of its deck. In the case of a double-decked vehicle this shall be the upper deck. Space for standing passengers shall not be provided on any deck without roof, independently of the class of vehicle.

2.2. ‘Definition of type(s)’ 2.2.1. ‘Vehicle type’ means vehicles, which do not differ in the following essential aspects: (a) Bodywork manufacturer; (b) Chassis manufacturer; (c) Vehicle concept (> 22 passengers or ≤ 22 passengers); (d) Bodywork concept (single/double-deck, articulated, low-floor); (e) Bodywork type if the bodywork has been approved as a separate technical unit. 2.2.2. ‘Bodywork type’ for the purposes of type-approval as a separate technical unit means a category of bodywork which does not essentially differ in the following aspects: (a) Bodywork manufacturer; (b) Vehicle concept (> 22 passengers or ≤ 22 passengers); (c) Bodywork concept (single/double-deck, articulated, low-floor); (d) Mass of the completely equipped vehicle bodywork, differing by 10 per cent; (e) Specified types of vehicle on which the type of the bodywork can be installed.

2.3. ‘Approval of a vehicle or a separate technical unit’ means the approval of a vehicle type, or of a bodywork type as defined in paragraph 2.2 above with regard to the constructional features specified in this Regulation.

2.4. ‘Superstructure’ means the part of the bodywork which contributes to the strength of the vehicle in the event of a roll-over accident.

2.5. ‘Service door’ means a door intended for use by passengers in normal circumstances with the driver seated.

2.6. ‘Double door’ means a door affording two, or the equivalent of two, access passages.

2.7. ‘Sliding door’ means a door which can be opened or closed only by sliding it along one or more rectilinear or approximately rectilinear rails.

2.8. ‘Emergency door’ means a door intended for use by passengers as an exit only exceptionally and in particular in an emergency.

2.9. ‘Emergency window’ means a window, not necessarily glazed, intended for use as an exit by passengers in an emergency only.

2.10. ‘Double or multiple window’ means an emergency window which, when divided into two or more parts by imaginary vertical line(s) (or plane(s)), exhibits two or more parts respectively, each of which complies as to dimensions and access with the requirements applicable to a normal emergency window.

2.11. ‘Escape hatch’ means an opening in the roof or the floor intended for use as an emergency exit by passengers in an emergency only.

2.12. ‘Emergency exit’ means an emergency door, emergency window or escape hatch.

2.13. ‘Exit’ means a service door, intercommunication staircase, half-staircase or emergency exit.

2.14. ‘Floor or deck’: 2.14.1. ‘Floor’ means that part of the bodywork whose upper surface supports standing passengers, the feet of seated passengers and the driver and any crew member, and may support the seat mountings; 2.14.2. ‘Deck’ means that part of the floor provided only for the passengers.

2.15. ‘Gangway’ means the space providing access by passengers from any seat or row of seats or each special area for wheelchair users to any other seat or row of seats or each special area for wheelchair users or to any access passage from or to any service door or intercommunication staircase and any area for standing passengers; it does not include: 2.15.1. The space extending 300 mm in front of any seat, except where a sideways-facing seat is situated above a wheel arch, in which case this dimension may be reduced to 225 mm (see Annex 4, Figure 25); 2.15.2. The space above the surface of any step or staircase (except where the surface of the step is contiguous with that of a gangway or access passageway); or 2.15.3. Any space which affords access solely to one seat or row of seats or a facing pair of transverse seats or row of seats.

2.16. ‘Access passage’ means the space extending inwards into the vehicle from the service door up to the outermost edge of the upper step (edge of the gangway), intercommunication staircase or half-staircase. Where there is no step at the door, the space to be considered as access passage shall be that which is measured according to Annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1 up to a distance of 300 mm from the starting position of the inner face of the test gauge.

2.17. ‘Driver's compartment’ means the space intended for driver's exclusive use except in the case of an emergency and containing the driver's seat, the steering wheel, controls, instruments and other devices necessary for driving or operating the vehicle.

2.18. ‘Mass of the vehicle in running order’ means the mass of the unladen vehicle with bodywork, and with coupling device in the case of a towing vehicle, in running order, or the mass of the chassis with cab if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device (including coolant, oils, 90 per cent fuel, 100 per cent other liquids except used waters, tools, spare wheel and driver (75 kg), and, for buses and coaches, the mass of the crew member (75 kg) if there is a crew seat in the vehicle.

2.19. ‘Technically permissible maximum laden mass (M)’ means the maximum mass of the vehicle based on its construction and performance, stated by the manufacturer. The technically permissible maximum laden mass is used to determine the vehicle category.

2.20. ‘Passenger’ means a person, other than the driver or a member of the crew.

2.21. ‘Passenger with reduced mobility’ means all passengers who have a difficulty when using public transport, such as disabled people (including people with sensory and intellectual impairments, and wheelchair users, people with limb impairments, people of small stature, people with heavy luggage, elderly people, pregnant women, people with shopping trolleys, and people with children (including children seated in pushchairs).

2.22. ‘Wheelchair user’ means a person who due to infirmity or disability uses a wheelchair for mobility.

2.23. ‘Member of the crew’ means a person assigned to operate as a co-driver or the possible assistant.

2.24. ‘Passenger compartment’ means a space intended for passengers' use excluding any space occupied by fixed appliances such as bars, kitchenettes, toilets or baggage/goods compartments.

2.25. ‘Power-operated service door’ means a service door which is operated exclusively by energy other than muscular energy and the opening and closing of which, if not automatically operated, is remotely controlled by the driver or a member of the crew.

2.26. ‘Automatically-operated service-door’ means a power-operated service door which can be opened (other than by means of emergency controls) only after a control is operated by a passenger and after activation of the controls by the driver, and which closes again automatically.

2.27. ‘Starting prevention device’ means a device which prevents the vehicle being driven away from rest when a door is not fully closed.

2.28. ‘Driver operated service door’ means a service door which normally is opened and closed by the driver.

2.29. ‘Priority seat’ means a seat with additional space for a passenger with reduced mobility and marked accordingly.

2.30. ‘Boarding device’ means a device to facilitate wheelchair access to vehicles, such as lifts, ramps, etc.

2.31. ‘Kneeling system’ means a system which lowers and lifts totally or partially the body of a vehicle relative to the normal position of travel.

2.32. ‘Lift’ means a device or system with a platform that can be raised and lowered to provide passenger access between the floor of a passenger compartment and the ground or kerb.

2.33. ‘Ramp’ means a device to bridge the gap between the floor of a passenger compartment and the ground or kerb. In its position for use, it includes any surface that may move as part of the ramp deployment or be available for use only when the ramp is in its deployed position and over which a wheelchair is intended to travel.

2.34. ‘Portable ramp’ means a ramp that may be detached from the vehicle structure and capable of being deployed by a driver or crew member.

2.35. ‘Demountable seat’ means a seat that can be easily detached from the vehicle.

2.36. ‘Front’ and ‘rear’ means the front or rear of the vehicle according to the normal direction of travel and the terms; ‘forward’, ‘foremost’, ‘rearward’ and ‘rearmost’ etc. shall be construed accordingly.

2.37. ‘Intercommunication staircase’ means a staircase which allows communication between the upper and lower decks.

2.38. ‘Separate compartment’ means a space in the vehicle which may be occupied by passengers or crew when the vehicle is in use and which is separated from any other passenger or crew space, except where any partition allows passengers to see into the next passenger space, and is connected by a gangway without doors.

2.39. ‘Half staircase’ is a staircase from the upper deck which terminates in an emergency door.

2.40. ‘Service-door lighting’ means a lighting device(s) of the vehicle designed to illuminate the exterior vicinity of service doors and wheels.

2.41. ‘Overnight locking system’ means a system designed to provide the possibility to secure the service and emergency doors of the vehicle against opening.

2.42. ‘Emergency lighting system’ means a system that provides a minimum level of lighting necessary to enable occupants to safely egress from the vehicle, including the emergency exits.

2.43. ‘Safety sign’ means a configuration of visual elements intended to convey a safety-related message.

3. APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

3.1. The application for approval of:

(a) A vehicle type or;

(b) A separate technical unit type or;

(c) A vehicle type fitted with bodywork type already approved as a separate technical unit.

With regard to its constructional features shall be submitted by the responsible manufacturer or by his duly accredited representative.

3.2. In the case of an application for approval of a vehicle made by assembling a chassis with type-approved bodywork, the term manufacturer refers to the assembler.

3.3. A model for the information document relating to the constructional features is given in Annex 1 — Part 1.

3.3.1. Appendix 1: For a vehicle type,

3.3.2. Appendix 2: For a bodywork type,

3.3.3. Appendix 3: For a vehicle type fitted with bodywork already approved as a separate technical unit.

3.4. A vehicle(s) or a bodywork(s) representative of the type to be approved shall be submitted to the Technical Service responsible for conducting the type-approval tests.

4. APPROVAL

4.1. If the vehicle or bodywork submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation meets the requirements of paragraph 5 below, approval of that vehicle or bodywork type shall be granted.

4.2. An approval number shall be assigned to each vehicle type-approved. Its first two digits (at present 06, corresponding to the 06 series of amendments) shall indicate the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. The same Contracting Party shall not assign the same number to another vehicle or bodywork type within the meaning of paragraph 2.2.

4.3. Notice of approval or of extension of approval of a vehicle or bodywork type pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 — Part 2 to this Regulation.

4.4. There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on the approval form, to every vehicle or bodywork conforming to a vehicle or bodywork type approved under this Regulation, an international approval mark consisting of:

4.4.1. A circle surrounding the letter ‘E’ followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval (3);

4.4.2. The number of this Regulation, followed by the letter ‘R’, a dash and the approval number, to the right of the circle prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1 above; and

4.4.3. An additional symbol consisting of the Roman numerals for the Class(es) in which the vehicle or bodywork has been approved. A bodywork approved separately shall additionally bear the letter S.

4.5. If the vehicle conforms to a vehicle type approved, under one or more other Regulations annexed to the Agreement, in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation, the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1 above need not be repeated; in such a case, the Regulation and approval numbers and the additional symbols of all the Regulations under which approval has been granted in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation shall be placed in vertical columns to the right of the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1 above.

4.6. The approval mark shall be clearly legible and be indelible.

4.7. The approval mark shall be placed close to or on the vehicle or bodywork data plate affixed by the manufacturer.

4.8. Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval marks.

5. REQUIREMENTS

5.1. All vehicles shall comply with the provisions set out in Annex 3 to this Regulation. Bodywork approved separately shall comply with Annex 10. The approval of a vehicle incorporating a bodywork approved in accordance with Annex 10 shall be completed in accordance with that annex.

5.2. Vehicles of Class I shall be accessible for people with reduced mobility, including at least one wheelchair user and one unfolded pram or pushchair according to the technical provisions laid down in Annex 8. In rigid vehicles of Class I the area for the accommodation of a wheelchair may be combined with the area for the accommodation of an unfolded pushchair or pram. In such a case, the area shall have signs fixed on or adjacent to the area with the following text, equivalent text or pictogram:

‘Please give up this space for a wheelchair user’.

5.3. Contracting Parties shall be free to choose the most appropriate solution to achieve improved accessibility in vehicles other than those of Class I. However, if vehicles other than those of Class I are equipped with features or devices for people with reduced mobility and/or wheelchair users, those features or devices shall comply with the relevant requirements of Annex 8.

5.4. Nothing in this Regulation shall prevent the national authorities of a Contracting Party from specifying that certain types of operation are reserved for vehicles which are equipped for the transport of passengers with reduced mobility in accordance with Annex 8.

5.5. Unless otherwise stated, all measurements shall be made when the vehicle is at its mass in running order and it is standing on a smooth and horizontal ground surface and in the normal condition for travel. If a kneeling system is fitted, it shall be set so the vehicle is at its normal ride height for travel. In the case of approval of bodywork as a separate technical unit the position of the body relative to the flat horizontal surface shall be specified by the manufacturer.

5.6. Wherever there is a requirement in this Regulation for a surface in the vehicle to be horizontal or at a specific angle when the vehicle is at its mass in running order, in the case of a vehicle with mechanical suspension, the surface may exceed this slope or possess a slope when the vehicle is at its mass in running order, provided that this requirement is met when the vehicle is in the loading condition declared by the manufacturer. If a kneeling system is fitted to the vehicle, it shall not be in operation.

6. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF APPROVAL OF A VEHICLE OR BODYWORK TYPE

6.1. Every modification of the vehicle or bodywork type shall be notified to the Type Approval Authority which approved the vehicle type. That Authority may then either:

6.1.1. Consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an appreciable adverse effect and that, in any case, the vehicle or bodywork still complies with the requirements; or

6.1.2. Require a further test report from the Technical Service responsible for conducting the tests.

6.2. Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the modifications, shall be communicated by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.3 of this Regulation to the Contracting Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation.

6.3. The Type Approval Authority issuing the extension of approval shall assign a series number for such an extension and inform thereof the other Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1, Part 2 to this Regulation.

7. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in the Agreement, Appendix 2 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2), with the following requirements:

7.1. Vehicles and bodyworks approved to this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements set forth in paragraph 5 above.

7.2. The Type Approval Authority which has granted type approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applicable to each production facility. The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once per two years.

8. PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

8.1. The approval granted in respect of a vehicle or bodywork type pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if the requirement laid down in paragraph 5 above is not complied with.

8.2. If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation, by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1, Part 2 to this Regulation.

9. PRODUCTION DEFINITIVELY DISCONTINUED

If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of vehicle or bodywork under this Regulation, he shall so inform the Type Approval Authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication, that Authority shall inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1, Part 2 to this Regulation.

10. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS

10.1. As from the official date of entry into force of the 04 series of amendments, no Contracting Party applying this Regulation shall refuse to grant approval under this Regulation as amended by the 04 series of amendments.

10.2. As from 24 months after the date of entry into force of the 04 series of amendments, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall grant approvals only if the vehicle type to be approved meets the requirements of this Regulation as amended by of the 04 series of amendments.

10.3. As from 36 months after the entry into force of the 04 series of amendments, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation may refuse to grant national/regional approvals and first national registration (first entry into service) of a vehicle which does not meet the requirements of the 04 series of amendments to this Regulation.

10.4. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall not refuse to grant extensions of approval to the 03 series of amendments to this Regulation for vehicles which are not affected by the 04 series of amendments.

10.5. Notwithstanding paragraphs 10.2 and 10.3 above, approvals of vehicles granted to the 03 series of amendments to the Regulation, which are not affected by the 04 series of amendments, shall remain valid and Contracting Parties applying the Regulation shall continue to accept them.

10.6. As from the official date of entry into force of the 05 series of amendments, no Contracting Party applying this Regulation shall refuse to grant approval under this Regulation as amended by the 05 series of amendments.

10.7. As from 24 months after the date of entry into force of the 05 series of amendments, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall grant approvals only if the vehicle type to be approved meets the requirements of this Regulation as amended by the 05 series of amendments.

10.8. As from 36 months after the entry into force of the 05 series of amendments, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation may refuse to grant national/regional approvals and first national registration (first entry into service) of a vehicle which does not meet the requirements of the 05 series of amendments to this Regulation.

10.9. Notwithstanding paragraphs 10.7 and 10.8, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall continue to accept type approvals granted to the preceding series of amendments, which are not affected by the 05 series of amendments.

10.10. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall not refuse to grant extensions of approval for vehicles which are not affected by the 05 series of amendments.

10.11. As from 48 months after the date of entry into force of the 06 series of amendments, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall grant type-approvals only if the vehicle type to be approved meets the requirements of this Regulation as amended by the 06 series of amendments.

10.12. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall not refuse to grant extensions of type-approvals for existing types which have been issued according to the 05 series of amendments to this Regulation.

10.13. As from 60 months after the date of entry into force of the 06 series of amendments to this Regulation, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall not be obliged to accept, for the purpose of national or regional type-approval, a vehicle type-approved to the 05 series of amendments to this Regulation.

11. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING APPROVAL TESTS AND OF TYPE APPROVAL AUTHORITIES

The Contracting Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation shall communicate to the Secretariat of the United Nations the names and addresses of the Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the Type Approval Authorities which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, issued in other countries, are to be sent.

12. RESERVED

(1) As defined in the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3.), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.3, para. 2 — www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29resolutions.html

(2) The use of these vehicles may be subject to rules established by National Administrations.

(3) The distinguishing numbers of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement are reproduced in Annex 3 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.3, Annex 3 — www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29resolutions.html

ANNEX 1 PART 1 Appendix 1 Approval documentation — Model Information documents MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT pursuant to Regulation No 107 relating to type approval of category M2 or M3 vehicles with regard to their general construction The following information, if applicable, shall be supplied in triplicate and include a list of contents. Any drawings shall be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 or on a folder of A4 format. Photographs, if any, shall show sufficient detail. If the systems, components or separate technical units have electronic controls, information concerning their performance shall be supplied. 1. GENERAL 1.1. Make (trade name of manufacturer): … 1.2. Type: … 1.2.1. Chassis: … 1.2.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.3. Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b): … 1.3.1. Chassis: … 1.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.3.3. Location of that marking … 1.3.3.1. Chassis: … 1.3.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.4. Category of vehicle (c): … 1.5. Name and address of manufacturer: … 1.6. Address(es) of assembly plant(s): … 2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE 2.1. Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle: … 2.2. Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle: … 2.3. Number of axles and wheels: … 2.3.1. Number and position of axles with double wheels: … 2.3.2. Number and position of steered axles: … 2.4. Chassis (if any) (overall drawing): … 2.5. Material used for the side-members (d): … 2.6. Position and arrangement of the engine: … 2.7. Driving cab (forward, or normal) (z): … 2.8. Hand of drive: 2.8.1. Vehicle is equipped to be driven in right/left (1) hand traffic. 2.9. Specify if the motor vehicle is intended to tow trailers and if the trailer is a semi-, drawbar, or centre-axle trailer: … 3. MASSES AND DIMENSIONS (e) (IN kg AND mm) (REFER TO DRAWING WHERE APPLICABLE) 3.1. Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f): … 3.2. Range of vehicle dimensions (overall) … 3.2.1. For chassis with bodywork: 3.2.1.1. Length (j): … 3.2.1.2. Width (k): … 3.2.1.3. Height (in running order) (l) (for suspension adjustable for height, indicate normal running position): … 3.2.1.4. Front overhang (m): … 3.2.1.5. Rear overhang (n): … 3.3. Position of centre of gravity of the vehicle at its technically permissible maximum laden mass in the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions: 3.4. Mass of the vehicle with bodywork, and in the case of a towing vehicle of a category other than M1, with coupling device, if fitted by the manufacturer, in running order, or the mass of the chassis or chassis with cab, without bodywork and/or coupling device if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device (including liquids, tools, spare wheel and driver, and, for buses and coaches, a crew member if there is a crew seat in the vehicle) (o) (maximum and minimum for each variant): … 3.4.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles and, in the case of a semi-trailer or centre axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum for each variant): … 3.5. Technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer (y) (maximum and minimum for each variant): … 3.5.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles (maximum and minimum for each variant): … 3.6. Technically permissible maximum load/mass on each axle: … 3.7. Technically permissible maximum mass on the coupling point: … 3.7.1. Of the motor vehicle: … 4. BODYWORK 4.1. Type of bodywork: Single deck/double-deck/articulated/low floor (1) 4.2. Materials used and methods of construction: … 5. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR VEHICLES USED FOR THE CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS COMPRISING MORE THAN EIGHT SEATS IN ADDITION TO THE DRIVER'S SEAT 5.1. Class of vehicle (Class I, Class II, Class III, Class A, Class B): 5.2. Area for passengers (m2): … 5.2.1. Total (So): … 5.2.2. Upper deck (Soa) (1): … 5.2.3. Lower deck (Sob) (1): … 5.2.4. For standing passengers (S1): … 5.3. Number of passengers (seated and standing): … 5.3.1. Total (N) (2) (3): … 5.3.2. Upper deck (Na) (1) (2) (3): … 5.3.3. Lower deck (Nb) (1) (2) (3): … 5.4. Number of passengers (seated) (2): … 5.4.1. Total (A) (2) (3): … 5.4.2. Upper deck (Aa) (1) (2) (3): … 5.4.3. Lower deck (Ab) (1) (2) (3): … 5.5. Crew seat: yes/no (1) 5.6. Number of service doors: … 5.7. Number of emergency exits (doors, windows, escape hatches, intercommunication staircase and half staircase): … 5.7.1. Total: … 5.7.2. Upper deck (1): … 5.7.3. Lower deck (1): … 5.8. Volume of baggage compartments (m3): … 5.9. Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2): … 5.10. Technical devices facilitating the access to vehicles (e.g. ramp, lifting platform, kneeling system), if fitted: … 6. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR TROLLEYBUSES 6.1. Special environmental conditions for reliable operation: 6.1.1. Temperature … 6.1.2. External humidity level … 6.1.3. Atmospheric pressure … 6.1.4. Altitude … 6.2. Vehicle 6.2.1. Dimensions with locked poles … 6.2.2. Supply … 6.2.3. Rated voltage of overhead line (V) … 6.2.4. Rated line current of vehicle (A) including auxiliary drives, HVAC … 6.2.5. Performance … 6.2.6. Maximum velocity (km/h: normal service/autonomous service) … 6.2.7. Maximum inclination (%: normal service/autonomous service) … 6.2.8. Description of main power circuits … 6.2.9. Circuit diagrams … 6.2.10. Protection measures (overview diagrams and drawings) … 6.2.11. Insulation monitoring (if any) … 6.2.12. Make and type of monitoring device … 6.2.13. Principle of monitoring, description … 6.2.14. Description of insulation levels of components … 6.3. Electric motor 6.3.1. Make and type of electric motor … 6.3.2. Type (winding, excitation) … 6.3.3. Maximum hourly/continuous power (kW) … 6.3.4. Rated voltage (V) … 6.3.5. Rated current (A) … 6.3.6. Nominal frequency (Hz) … 6.3.7. Location in the vehicle … 6.4. Power electronics 6.4.1. Make an type of traction inverter … 6.4.2. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.3. Cooling system … 6.4.4. Make and type of 24V-battery charger … 6.4.5. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.6. Cooling system … 6.4.7. Make and type of 3-phase AC supply … 6.4.8. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.9. Cooling system … 6.5. Power supply for autonomous service: 6.5.1. Storage system … 6.5.2. Battery/supercaps … 6.5.3. Make and type of storage system … 6.5.4. Weight (kg) … 6.5.5. Capacity (Ah) … 6.5.6. Location in the vehicle … 6.5.7. Make and type of control unit … 6.5.8. Make and type of charger … 6.5.9. Rated voltage (V)/minimum voltage (V), end of charge voltage (V) … 6.5.10. Rated current (A)/max. discharge current (A), max. charge current (A) … 6.5.11. Diagram of operation, control and safety … 6.5.12. Characteristics of charge periods … 6.5.13. Motor-generator unit … 6.5.14. Hourly/cont. power (kW) … 6.5.15. Make and type of unit or of motor and generator … 6.5.16. Fuel and fuel system … 6.5.17. Location in the vehicle … 6.6. Current collector 6.6.1. Make and type of current collector … 6.6.2. Operation of current collector (b) If the means of identification of type contains characters not relevant to describe the vehicle, component or separate technical unit types covered by this information document, such characters shall be represented in the documentation by the symbol ‘?’ (e.g. ABC??123??). (c) As defined in the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.3. (d) If possible, designation according to Euro norm, otherwise give: (i) Description of the material; (ii) Yield point; (iii) Ultimate tensile stress; (iv) Elongation (in per cent); (v) Brinell hardness. (e) Where there is one version with a normal cab and another with a sleeper cab, both sets of masses and dimensions are to be stated. (f) ISO Standard 612 — 1978, term No 6.4. (j) Annex 11, paragraph 2.2.1. (k) Annex 11, paragraph 2.2.2. (l) Annex 11, paragraph 2.2.3. (m) ISO Standard 612 — 1978, Term No 6.6. (n) ISO Standard 612 — 1978, Term No 6.7. (o) The mass of the driver and, if applicable, of the crew member is assessed at 75 kg (subdivided into 68 kg occupant mass and 7 kg luggage mass according to ISO Standard 2416 — 1992), the fuel tank is filled to 90 per cent and the other liquid containing systems (except those for used water) to 100 per cent of the capacity specified by the manufacturer. (y) For trailer or a semi-trailer, which exert a significant vertical load on the coupling device or the fifth wheel, this load, divided by standard acceleration of gravity, is included in the maximum technically permissible mass. (z) Forward control means a configuration in which more than half of the engine length is rearward of the foremost point of the windshield base and the steering wheel hub in the forward quarter of the vehicle length. Appendix 2 MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT relating to Regulation No 107 relating to type approval of bodywork for category M2 or M3 vehicles with regard to their general construction The following information, if applicable, shall be supplied in triplicate and include a list of contents. Any drawings shall be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 or on a folder of A4 format. Photographs, if any, shall show sufficient detail. If the systems, components or separate technical units have electronic controls, information concerning their performance shall be supplied. 1. GENERAL 1.1. Make (trade name of manufacturer): … 1.2. Type: … 1.3. Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b): … 1.3.1. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.3.2. Location of that marking: … 1.3.3. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.4. In the case of components and separate technical units, location and method of affixing of the type approval mark. … 1.5. Address(es) of assembly plant(s): … 2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE 2.1. Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle: … 2.2. Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle: … 2.3. Number of axles and wheels: … 2.4. Chassis (if any) (overall drawing): … 2.5. Material used for the side-members (d): … 2.6. Position and arrangement of the engine: … 2.7. Driving cab (forward control or bonneted) (z): … 2.8. Hand of drive: … 3. MASSES AND DIMENSIONS (e) (IN kg AND mm) (REFER TO DRAWING WHERE APPLICABLE) 3.1. Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f): … 3.2. Range of vehicle dimensions (overall) … 3.2.1. For bodywork approved without chassis: … 3.2.1.1. Length (j): … 3.2.1.2. Width (k): … 3.2.1.3. Height (in running order) (l) (for suspensions adjustable for height, indicate normal running position): … 4. BODYWORK 4.1. Type of bodywork: Single deck/double-deck/articulated/low floor (4) 4.2. Materials used and methods of construction: … 5. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR VEHICLES USED FOR THE CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS COMPRISING MORE THAN EIGHT SEATS IN ADDITION TO THE DRIVER'S SEAT 5.1. Class of vehicle (Class I, Class II, Class III, Class A, Class B): 5.1.1. Chassis types where the type-approved body can be installed (manufacturer(s) and vehicle(s) types): … 5.2. Area for passengers (m2): … 5.2.1. Total (So): … 5.2.1.1. Upper deck (Soa) (4): … 5.2.1.2. Lower deck (Sob) (4): … 5.2.2. For standing passengers (S1): … 5.3. Number of passengers (seated and standing): … 5.3.1. Total (N) (5) (6): … 5.3.2. Upper deck (Na) (4) (5) (6): … 5.3.3. Lower deck (Nb) (4) (5) (6): … 5.4. Number of passenger seats (5): … 5.4.1. Total (A) (5) (6): … 5.4.2. Upper deck (Aa) (4) (5) (6): … 5.4.3. Lower deck (Ab) (4) (5) (6): … 5.5. Number of service doors: … 5.6. Number of emergency exits (doors, windows, escape hatches, intercommunication staircase and half staircase): … 5.6.1. Total: … 5.6.2. Upper deck (4): … 5.6.3. Lower deck (4): … 5.7. Volume of baggage compartments (m3): … 5.8. Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2): … 5.9. Technical devices facilitating the access to vehicles (e.g. ramp, lifting platform, kneeling system), if fitted: … 5.10. Points of this Regulation to be accomplished and demonstrated for this separate technical unit: … 6. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR TROLLEYBUSES 6.1. Special environmental conditions for reliable operation: 6.1.1. Temperature … 6.1.2. External humidity level … 6.1.3. Atmospheric pressure … 6.1.4. Altitude … 6.2. Vehicle 6.2.1. Dimensions with locked poles … 6.2.2. Supply … 6.2.3. Rated voltage of overhead line (V) … 6.2.4. Rated line current of vehicle (A) including auxiliary drives, HVAC … 6.2.5. Performance … 6.2.6. Maximum velocity (km/h: normal service/autonomous service) … 6.2.7. Maximum inclination (%: normal service/autonomous service) … 6.2.8. Description of main power circuits … 6.2.9. Circuit diagrams … 6.2.10. Protection measures (overview diagrams and drawings) … 6.2.11. Insulation monitoring (if any) … 6.2.12. Make and type of monitoring device … 6.2.13. Principle of monitoring, description … 6.2.14. Description of insulation levels of components … 6.3. Electric motor 6.3.1. Make and type of electric motor … 6.3.2. Type (winding, excitation) … 6.3.3. Maximum hourly/continuous power (kW) … 6.3.4. Rated voltage (V) … 6.3.5. Rated current (A) … 6.3.6. Nominal frequency (Hz) … 6.3.7. Location in the vehicle … 6.4. Power electronics 6.4.1. Make an type of traction inverter … 6.4.2. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.3. Cooling system … 6.4.4. Make and type of 24V-battery charger … 6.4.5. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.6. Cooling system … 6.4.7. Make and type of 3-phase AC supply … 6.4.8. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.9. Cooling system … 6.5. Power supply for autonomous service: 6.5.1. Storage system … 6.5.2. Battery/supercaps … 6.5.3. Make and type of storage system … 6.5.4. Weight (kg) … 6.5.5. Capacity (Ah) … 6.5.6. Location in the vehicle … 6.5.7. Make and type of control unit … 6.5.8. Make and type of charger … 6.5.9. Rated voltage (V)/minimum voltage (V), end of charge voltage (V) … 6.5.10. Rated current (A)/max. discharge current (A), max. charge current (A) … 6.5.11. Diagram of operation, control and safety … 6.5.12. Characteristics of charge periods … 6.5.13. Motor-generator unit … 6.5.14. Hourly/cont. power (kW) … 6.5.15. Make and type of unit or of motor and generator … 6.5.16. Fuel and fuel system … 6.5.17. Location in the vehicle … 6.6. Current collector 6.6.1. Make and type of current collector … 6.6.2. Operation of current collector Explanatory notes: See Appendix 1 Appendix 3 MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT pursuant to Regulation No 107 relating to type approval of a M2 or M3 vehicle where the bodywork has previously obtained the type approval as a separate technical unit, with respect to its general construction The following information, if applicable, shall be supplied in triplicate and include a list of contents. Any drawings shall be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 or on a folder of A4 format. Photographs, if any, shall show sufficient detail. If the systems, components or separate technical units have electronic controls, information concerning their performance shall be supplied. 1. GENERAL 1.1. Make (trade name of manufacturer): … 1.2. Type: … 1.2.1. Chassis: … 1.2.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.3. Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b): … 1.3.1. Chassis: … 1.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.3.3. Location of marking: … 1.3.3.1. Chassis: … 1.3.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle: … 1.4. Category of vehicle (c): … 1.5. Name and address of manufacturer: … 1.6. Address(es) of assembly plant(s): … 2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE 2.1. Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle: … 2.2. Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle: … 2.3. Number of axles and wheels: … 2.3.1. Number and position of axles with double wheels: … 2.4. Chassis (if any) (overall drawing): … 2.5. Material used for the side members (d): … 2.6. Position and arrangement of the engine: … 2.7. Hand of drive: 2.7.1. Vehicle is equipped to be driven in right/left (7) hand traffic. 3. MASSES AND DIMENSIONS (e) (IN kg AND mm) (REFER TO DRAWING WHERE APPLICABLE) 3.1. Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f): … 3.2. Range of vehicle dimensions (overall): … 3.2.1. For chassis with bodywork: 3.2.1.1. Length (j): … 3.2.1.2. Width (k): … 3.2.1.2.1. Maximum width: … 3.2.1.3. Height (in running order) (l) (for suspensions adjustable for height, indicate normal running position): … 3.3. Mass of the vehicle with bodywork and, in the case of a towing vehicle of a category other than M1, with coupling device, if fitted by the manufacturer, in running order, or the mass of the chassis or chassis with cab, without bodywork and/or coupling device if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device (including liquids, tools, spare wheel and driver, and, for buses and coaches, a crew member if there is a crew seat in the vehicle): (o) (maximum and minimum for each variant): … 3.3.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles and, in the case of a semi-trailer or centre axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum for each variant): … 3.4. Technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer (y) (maximum and minimum): … 3.4.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles and, in the case of a semi-trailer or centre-axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum): … 3.5. Technically permissible maximum mass/load on each axle: … 4. [RESERVED] 5. [RESERVED] 6. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR TROLLEYBUSES 6.1. Special environmental conditions for reliable operation: 6.1.1. Temperature … 6.1.2. External humidity level … 6.1.3. Atmospheric pressure … 6.1.4. Altitude … 6.2. Vehicle 6.2.1. Dimensions with locked poles … 6.2.2. Supply … 6.2.3. Rated voltage of overhead line (V) … 6.2.4. Rated line current of vehicle (A) including auxiliary drives, HVAC … 6.2.5. Performance … 6.2.6. Maximum velocity (km/h: normal service/autonomous service) … 6.2.7. Maximum inclination (%: normal service/autonomous service) … 6.2.8. Description of main power circuits … 6.2.9. Circuit diagrams … 6.2.10. Protection measures (overview diagrams and drawings) … 6.2.11. Insulation monitoring (if any) … 6.2.12. Make and type of monitoring device … 6.2.13. Principle of monitoring, description … 6.2.14. Description of insulation levels of components … 6.3. Electric motor 6.3.1. Make and type of electric motor … 6.3.2. Type (winding, excitation) … 6.3.3. Maximum hourly/continuous power (kW) … 6.3.4. Rated voltage (V) … 6.3.5. Rated current (A) … 6.3.6. Nominal frequency (Hz) … 6.3.7. Location in the vehicle … 6.4. Power electronics 6.4.1. Make an type of traction inverter … 6.4.2. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.3. Cooling system … 6.4.4. Make and type of 24V-battery charger … 6.4.5. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.6. Cooling system … 6.4.7. Make and type of 3-phase AC supply … 6.4.8. Maximum continuous power … 6.4.9. Cooling system … 6.5. Power supply for autonomous service: 6.5.1. Storage system … 6.5.2. Battery/supercaps … 6.5.3. Make and type of storage system … 6.5.4. Weight (kg) … 6.5.5. Capacity (Ah) … 6.5.6. Location in the vehicle … 6.5.7. Make and type of control unit … 6.5.8. Make and type of charger … 6.5.9. Rated voltage (V)/minimum voltage (V), end of charge voltage (V) … 6.5.10. Rated current (A)/max. discharge current (A), max. charge current (A) … 6.5.11. Diagram of operation, control and safety … 6.5.12. Characteristics of charge periods … 6.5.13. Motor-generator unit … 6.5.14. Hourly/cont. power (kW) … 6.5.15. Make and type of unit or of motor and generator … 6.5.16. Fuel and fuel system … 6.5.17. Location in the vehicle … 6.6. Current collector 6.6.1. Make and type of current collector … 6.6.2. Operation of current collector Explanatory notes: See Appendix 1 PART 2 Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 (1) Delete where not applicable (there are cases where nothing needs to be deleted when more than one entry is applicable). (2) In the case of an articulated vehicle, specify the number of seats in each rigid section. (3) If the vehicle is equipped to carry wheelchairs, indicate here the maximum number to be carried. If passenger capacity is dependent on the number of wheelchairs to be carried, indicate permissible combinations of seated, standing and wheelchair passengers. (4) Delete where not applicable (there are cases where nothing needs to be deleted when more than one entry is applicable). (5) In the case of an articulated vehicle, specify the number of seats in each rigid section. (6) If the vehicle is equipped to carry wheelchairs, indicate here the maximum number to be carried. If passenger capacity is dependent on the number of wheelchairs to be carried, indicate permissible combinations of seated, standing and wheelchair passengers. (7) Delete where not applicable (there are cases where nothing needs to be deleted when more than one entry is applicable).

ANNEX 2 ARRANGEMENTS OF APPROVAL MARKS MODEL A (See paragraph 4.4 of this Regulation) The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle shows that the vehicle type concerned has, with regard to its constructional features, been approved in the Netherlands (E 4) for Class III, pursuant to Regulation No 107 under approval number 062439. The approval number indicates that the approval was granted according to the requirements of Regulation No 107 as amended by the 06 series of amendments. MODEL B (See paragraph 4.5 of this Regulation) The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle shows that the vehicle type concerned has been approved in the Netherlands (E 4) pursuant to Regulations Nos 107 and 43 (1). The first two digits of the approval numbers indicate that, on the dates on which these approvals were granted Regulation No 107 included the 06 series of amendments and Regulation No 43 was in its original form. MODEL C (See paragraph 4.4.3 of this Regulation) The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle bodywork shows that the bodywork type concerned has, with regard to its constructional features, been approved separately in the Netherlands (E 4) for Class III as a separate bodywork (letter S), pursuant to Regulation No 107 under approval number 062439. The approval number indicates that the approval was granted according to the requirements of Regulation No 107 as amended by the 06 series of amendments. (1) This number is given merely as an example.

ANNEX 3 REQUIREMENTS TO BE MET BY ALL VEHICLES 1.-6. (RESERVED) 7. REQUIREMENTS 7.1 General 7.1.1. If the driver's compartment is without a roof, the driver should have some special protection against strong wind, sudden dust, heavy rain, etc. 7.2. Masses and dimensions 7.2.1. The vehicles shall comply with the requirements of Annex 11. 7.2.2. Area available for passengers. 7.2.2.1. The total surface area S0 available for passengers is calculated by deducting from the total area of the floor of the vehicle: 7.2.2.1.1. The area of the driver's compartment. 7.2.2.1.2. The area of steps at doors and the area of any other step with a depth of less than 300 mm and the area swept by the door and its mechanism when it is operated. 7.2.2.1.3. The area of any part over which the vertical clearance is less than 1 350 mm measured from the floor disregarding permitted intrusion specified in paragraphs 7.7.8.6.3 and 7.7.8.6.4 of this annex. In the case of vehicles of Class A or B, this dimension may be reduced to 1 200 mm. 7.2.2.1.4. The area of any part of the vehicle to which access by passengers is prevented as defined in paragraph 7.9.4 of this annex; 7.2.2.1.5. The area of any space reserved solely for the carriage of goods or baggage and from which passengers are excluded. 7.2.2.1.6. The area required to provide a clear working area at serveries. 7.2.2.1.7. The floor area occupied by any staircase, half staircase, intercommunication staircase or the surface of any step. 7.2.2.2. The surface area S1 available for standing passengers (only in the case of vehicles of Class A, I and II, in which the carriage of standing passengers is allowed) is calculated by deducting from S0: 7.2.2.2.1. The area of all parts of the floor in which the slope exceeds the maximum permissible values as determined in paragraph 7.7.6 of this annex. 7.2.2.2.2. The area of all parts which are not accessible to a standing passenger when all the seats are occupied, with the exception of folding seats. 7.2.2.2.3. The area of all parts where the clear height above the floor is less than the gangway height specified in paragraph 7.7.5.1 of this annex (handholds shall not be taken into account in this connection). 7.2.2.2.4. The area forward of a transverse vertical plane passing through the centre of the seating surface of the driver's seat (in its rearmost position). 7.2.2.2.5. The area 300 mm in front of all seats other than folding seats, except in the case of a sideways-facing seat, in which case this dimension may be reduced to 225 mm. In the case of variable seating arrangements, of any seat when considered to be in use, see paragraph 7.2.2.4 above. 7.2.2.2.6. Any surface not being excluded by the provisions in paragraphs 7.2.2.2.1 to 7.2.2.2.5 above, on which it is not possible to place a rectangle of 400 mm × 300 mm. 7.2.2.2.7. In vehicles of Class II, the area in which standing is not allowed. 7.2.2.2.8. In double-deck vehicles, any area of the upper deck. 7.2.2.2.9. The surface of the wheelchair space(s) when considered occupied by a wheelchair user(s), see paragraph 7.2.2.4 above. 7.2.2.2.10. The surface of any wheelchair space(s) dedicated solely for the use of wheelchair user(s). 7.2.2.3. There shall be on the vehicle a number (P) of seating places, other than folding seats, which conform to the requirements of paragraph 7.7.8 below. If the vehicle is of Class I, II or A the number of seating places on each deck shall be at least equal to the number of square metres of floor on that deck available for passengers and crew (if any) rounded down to the nearest whole number; this number may, in vehicles of Class I, excluding the upper deck, be reduced by 10 per cent. 7.2.2.4. In the case of a vehicle equipped with a variable seating capacity the area available for standing passengers (S1) and the provisions of paragraph 3.3.1 of Annex 11 shall be determined for each of the following conditions as applicable: 7.2.2.4.1. With all possible seats occupied followed by the remaining area for standing passengers and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces occupied. 7.2.2.4.2. With all possible standing areas occupied followed by the remaining seats available for seated passengers and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces occupied. 7.2.2.4.3. With all possible wheelchair spaces occupied followed by the remaining area for standing passengers and then the remaining seats available for use occupied. 7.2.3. Marking of vehicles 7.2.3.1. Space shall be provided in the driver's area, in a position clearly visible to the driver in his seating position, for the markings provided for in paragraph 3.3 of Annex 11. 7.2.3.1.1. The maximum number of seating places the vehicle is designed to carry. 7.2.3.1.2. The maximum number of standing places, if any, the vehicle is designed to carry. 7.2.3.1.3. The maximum number of wheelchairs which the vehicle is designed to carry, if any. 7.2.3.2. (Reserved) 7.2.3.3. (Reserved) 7.3. Prevention of accidents 7.3.1. If the engine compartment of a vehicle is located to the rear of the driver's compartment, it shall not be possible to start the engine from the driver's position when the main engine access panel located in the rear face of the vehicle is open and which provide direct access to parts that represent a hazard when the engine is running (e.g. pulley of belt drives). 7.4. Stability test 7.4.1. The stability of a vehicle shall be such that the point at which overturning occurs would not be passed if the surface on which the vehicle stands were tilted to both sides in turn to an angle of 28 degrees from the horizontal. 7.4.2. For the purposes of the above test, the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order as described in paragraph 2.18 of this Regulation, with the addition of: 7.4.2.1. Loads equal to Q (as defined in paragraph 3.2.3.2.1 of Annex 11) shall be placed on each passenger seat (of the upper deck only in the case of double-deck vehicles). If a single deck vehicle is intended for standees or with a crew member who is not seated, the centre of gravity of the loads Q or 75 kg representing them, shall be uniformly distributed over the standee or crew area respectively, at a height of 875 mm. If a double-deck vehicle is intended to be used with a crew member who is not seated, the centre of gravity of the mass of 75 kg representing the crew member shall be placed in the upper deck gangway at a height of 875 mm. Where a vehicle is equipped to carry luggage on the roof, a uniformly distributed mass (BX) of not less than that declared by the manufacturer in accordance with paragraph 3.2.3.2.1 of Annex 11, representing such baggage shall be secured to the roof. The other baggage compartments shall not contain any baggage. 7.4.2.2. If the vehicle has a variable seating capacity, standing capacity or is designed to carry one or more wheelchairs, in respect of any area of the passenger compartment in which such variations occur, the loads in paragraph 7.4.2.1 above shall be the greater of: (a) The mass represented by the number of seated passengers that may occupy the area including the mass of any demountable seats; or (b) The mass represented by the number of standing passengers that may occupy the area; or (c) The mass of wheelchairs and users that may occupy the area at a total mass of 250 kg each placed at a height of 500 mm above the floor in the centre of each wheelchair space; or (d) The mass of seated passengers, standing passengers and wheelchairs users and any combination of these that may occupy the area. 7.4.3. The height of any step used to prevent a wheel of the vehicle from slipping sideways on a tilt test rig shall not be greater than two-thirds of the distance between the surface upon which the vehicle stands before it is tilted and that part of the rim of that wheel which is nearest to the surface when the vehicle is loaded in accordance with paragraph 7.4.2 above. 7.4.4. During the test, no parts of vehicle which are not intended to come into contact in normal use shall not do so, nor shall any part become damaged or deranged. 7.4.5. Alternatively, a calculation method can be used to show that the vehicle will not overturn under the conditions described in paragraphs 7.4.1 and 7.4.2 above. Such a calculation shall take into account the following parameters: 7.4.5.1. Masses and dimensions; 7.4.5.2. Height of centre of gravity; 7.4.5.3. Spring rates; 7.4.5.4. Vertical and horizontal tyre rates; 7.4.5.5. Characteristics of the control of air pressure in the air springs; 7.4.5.6. Position of the centre of moments; 7.4.5.7. Torsion resistance of the body. The method of calculation is described in the appendix to this annex. 7.5. Protection against fire risks 7.5.1. Engine compartment 7.5.1.1. No flammable sound-proofing material or material liable to become impregnated with fuel, lubricant or other combustible material shall be used in the engine compartment unless the material is covered by an impermeable sheet. 7.5.1.2. Precautions shall be taken, either by a suitable layout of the engine compartment or by the provision of drainage orifices, to avoid, so far as possible, the accumulation of fuel, lubricating oil or any other combustible material in any part of the engine compartment. 7.5.1.3. A partition of heat-resisting material shall be fitted between the engine compartment or any other source of heat (such as a device designed to absorb the energy liberated when a vehicle is descending a long gradient, e.g. a retarder, or a device for heating the interior of the body other, however, than a device functioning by warm water circulation) and the rest of the vehicle. All fixings, clips, gaskets, etc., used in conjunction with the partition shall be fire resistant. 7.5.1.4. A heating device operating other than by hot water may be provided in the passenger compartment if it is encased in material designed to resist the temperatures generated by the device, emits no toxic fumes and is positioned such that no passenger is likely to come into contact with any hot surface. 7.5.1.5. In the case of vehicles having the engine located to the rear of the driver's compartment, the compartment shall be equipped with an alarm system providing the driver with both an acoustic and a visual signal in the event of excess temperature in the engine compartment and in each compartment where a combustion heater is located. 7.5.1.5.1. The alarm system shall be designed so as to detect a temperature in the engine compartment, and in each compartment where a combustion heater is located in excess of the temperature occurring during normal operation. 7.5.1.5.2. Paragraph 7.5.1.5.1 above is considered to be satisfied if the following areas of the engine compartment, and each compartment where a combustion heater is located, are monitored regarding excess temperature: 7.5.1.5.2.1. Areas in which, in case of leakage, flammable fluids (liquid or gas) may come into contact with exposed components, e.g. the supercharger or the exhaust-system, including engine mounted components, whose working temperature is equal to or greater than the ignition temperature of the flammable fluids (liquid or gas); 7.5.1.5.2.2. Areas in which, in case of leakage, flammable fluids (liquid or gas) may come into contact with shielded components, e.g. an independent heating device, whose working temperature is equal to or greater than the ignition temperature of the flammable fluids (liquid or gas); and 7.5.1.5.2.3. Areas in which, in case of leakage, flammable fluids (liquid or gas) may come into contact with components, e.g. the alternator, whose temperature, in case of failure, may be equal to or greater than the ignition temperature of the flammable fluids (liquid or gas). 7.5.1.5.3. The alarm system shall be operational whenever the engine start device is operated, until such time as the engine stop device is operated, regardless of the vehicle's attitude. 7.5.2. Electrical equipment and wiring 7.5.2.1. All cables shall be well insulated and all cables and electrical equipment shall be able to withstand the temperature and humidity conditions to which they are exposed. In the engine compartment, particular attention shall be paid to their suitability to withstand the environmental temperature and the effects of all likely contaminants. 7.5.2.2. No cable used in an electrical circuit shall carry a current in excess of that acceptable for such a cable in the light of its mode of installation and the maximum ambient temperature. 7.5.2.3. Every electrical circuit feeding an item of equipment other than the starter, the ignition circuit (positive ignition), the glow-plugs, the engine-stopping device, the charging circuit and the battery earth connection shall include a fuse or a circuit breaker. Circuits feeding other equipments may, however, be protected by a common fuse or a common circuit-breaker, provided that their sum rated capacity does not exceed the capacity of a fuse or of a circuit-breaker. In the case of multiplexing, the manufacturer shall give all the relevant technical information at the request of the technical service responsible for conducting the tests. 7.5.2.4. All cables shall be well protected and shall be held securely in position in such a way that they cannot be damaged by cutting, abrasion or chafing. 7.5.2.5. Where the voltage exceeds 100 V RMS (Root Mean Square) in one or more electrical circuits in a vehicle, a manually-operated isolating switch which is capable of disconnecting all such circuits from the main electrical supply shall be connected in each pole of that supply which is not electrically connected to earth, and shall be located inside the vehicle in a position readily accessible to the driver, provided that no such isolating switch shall be capable of disconnecting any electrical circuit supplying the mandatory external vehicle lights. This paragraph does not apply to high tension ignition circuits nor to self-contained circuits within a unit of equipment in the vehicle. 7.5.2.6. All electrical cables shall be so located that no part can make contact with any fuel line or any part of the exhaust system, or be subjected to excessive heat, unless suitable special insulation and protection is provided, as for example to a solenoid-operated exhaust valve. 7.5.3. Batteries 7.5.3.1. All batteries shall be well secured and easily accessible. 7.5.3.2. The battery compartment shall be separated from the passenger compartment and driver's compartment and ventilated to outside air. 7.5.3.3. The battery terminals shall be protected against the risk of short circuit. 7.5.4. Fire extinguishers and first-aid equipment 7.5.4.1. Space shall be provided for the fitting of one or more fire extinguishers, one being near the driver's seat. In vehicles of Class A or B the space for each required extinguisher shall be not less than 8 dm3 and for in Class I, II or III not less than 15 dm3. In the case of a double-deck vehicle, an additional extinguisher space shall be provided on the upper deck. 7.5.4.2. Space shall be provided for the fitting of one or more first-aid kits. The space provided shall be not less than 7 dm3, the minimum dimension shall not be less than 80 mm. 7.5.4.3. Fire extinguishers and first aid kits may be secured against theft or vandalism (e.g. in an internal locker or behind breakable glass), provided that the locations of these items are clearly marked and means are provided for persons to extract them easily in an emergency. 7.5.5. Materials No flammable material shall be permitted within 100 mm of the exhaust system component, any high voltage electrical equipment or any other significant source of heat unless the material is effectively shielded. Where necessary, shielding shall be provided to prevent grease or other flammable materials coming into contact with exhaust system or other significant heat sources. For the purposes of this paragraph, a flammable material is considered to be one which is not designed to withstand the temperatures likely to be encountered in that location. 7.5.6. Fire detection 7.5.6.1. Vehicles shall be equipped with an alarm system detecting either an excess temperature or smoke in toilet compartments, driver's sleeping compartments and other separate compartments. 7.5.6.2. Upon detection, the system given in paragraph 7.5.6.1 above shall provide the driver with both an acoustic and a visual signal in the driver's compartment. 7.5.6.3. The alarm system shall be at least operational whenever the engine start device is operated, until such time as the engine stop device is operated, regardless of the vehicle's attitude. 7.6. Exits 7.6.1. Number of exits 7.6.1.1. The minimum number of doors in a vehicle shall be two, either two service doors or one service door and one emergency door. Every double-deck vehicle shall have two doors on the lower deck (see also paragraph 7.6.2.3 below). The minimum number of service doors required is as follows: Number of passengers Minimum number of service doors Classes I & A Class II Classes III & B 9-45 1 1 1 46-70 2 1 1 71-100 3 (2 in the case of a double-deck vehicle) 2 1 > 100 4 3 1 7.6.1.2. The minimum number of service doors in each rigid section of an articulated vehicle shall be one except that this minimum number shall be two in the case of front section of an articulated vehicle of Class I. 7.6.1.3. For the purpose of this requirement, service doors equipped with a power-operated control system shall not be deemed to be emergency doors unless they can be readily opened by hand, once the control prescribed in paragraph 7.6.5.1 below has been actuated, if necessary. 7.6.1.4. The minimum number of emergency exits shall be such that the total number of exits in a separate compartment is as follows: Number of passengers and crew to be accommodated in each compartment or deck Minimum total number of exits 1-8 2 9-16 3 17-30 4 31-45 5 46-60 6 61-75 7 76-90 8 91-110 9 111-130 10 > 130 11 The number of exits for each separate deck (in the case of a double-deck vehicle) and each separate compartment shall be determined separately. Toilet compartments or galleys are not considered to be separate compartments for the purposes of defining the number of emergency exits. Escape hatches can only count as one of the above-mentioned number of emergency exits. 7.6.1.5. Each rigid section of an articulated vehicle shall be treated as a separate vehicle for the purpose of determining the minimum number and the position of exits, except for paragraph 7.6.2.4 below. The connecting passage between them shall not be considered as an exit. Toilet compartments or galleys are not considered to be separate compartments for the purposes of defining the number of emergency exits. The number of passengers shall be determined for each rigid section. The plane, which contains the horizontal axis of the hinge between conjoined rigid sections of the vehicle, and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a vehicle, when it moves straight, shall be considered as the border between sections. 7.6.1.6. A double service door shall count as two doors and a double or multiple windows as two emergency windows. 7.6.1.7. If the driver's compartment does not provide access to a passenger compartment by means of a passageway that permits: (a) The front edge of the cylindrical gauge referred to in Annex 4, Figure 6 to reach at least the transverse vertical plane tangential to the foremost point of the driver's seat back in its rearmost longitudinal position, and (b) From this plane, to move the panel shown in Annex 4, Figure 7 forwards from the contact position with the cylindrical gauge until it reaches at least the vertical plane tangential to the foremost point of the driver's seat cushion, then the requirements of the following paragraphs 7.6.1.7.1 to 7.6.1.7.5 below shall be met: 7.6.1.7.1. The driver's compartment shall have two exits, which shall not both be in the same lateral wall. When one of the exits is a window, this window shall have a minimum area of 400 000 mm2, it shall be possible to inscribe in this area a rectangle measuring 500 mm × 700 mm and it shall comply with the requirements set out in paragraph 7.6.8 below for emergency windows. 7.6.1.7.2. One or two seats are permitted alongside the driver for additional people, in which case both of the exits referred to in paragraph 7.6.1.7.1 above shall be doors. The driver's door shall be accepted as the emergency door for the occupants of those seats, provided that it is possible to move a test gauge from the occupants' seats to the exterior of the vehicle through the driver's door (see Annex 4, Figure 27). Verification of the access to the driver's door shall be subject to the requirements of paragraph 7.7.3.2 below, by using the test gauge having a dimension of 600 × 400 mm, as described in paragraph 7.7.3.3 below. The service door shall be in the side of the vehicle opposite to that containing the driver's door and shall be accepted as the emergency door for the driver. 7.6.1.7.3. Paragraphs 7.6.3 to 7.6.7, 7.7.1, 7.7.2 and 7.7.7 of this annex shall not apply to the exits provided for the driver's compartment as referred to in paragraphs 7.6.1.7.1 and 7.6.1.7.2 above. 7.6.1.7.4. In the circumstances described in paragraphs 7.6.1.7.1 and 7.6.1.7.2 above, the exits provided in the driver's compartment, and for the occupants of any seats alongside the driver shall not count as one of the doors required by paragraphs 7.6.1.1 and 7.6.1.2 above, nor as one of the emergency exits required by paragraph 7.6.1.4 of this annex for any other passenger compartment. 7.6.1.7.5. Up to five additional seats may be fitted in a compartment incorporating the driver's compartment and any seats alongside the driver, provided that the additional seats and the space for these seats comply with all requirements of this Regulation and at least one of the emergency exits required by paragraph 7.6.1.4 above is a door giving access to the passenger compartment complying with the requirements of paragraph 7.6.3.1.2 of this annex for emergency doors. 7.6.1.8. If the driver's compartment is accessible from a passenger compartment by means of a passageway complying with the requirements of subparagraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph 7.6.1.7 above, and any seats adjacent to this driver's compartment are accessible from that same passenger compartment by means of a passageway complying with one of the conditions described in paragraph 7.7.5.1.1 of this annex, no external exit is required from the driver's compartment. 7.6.1.9. If, under the circumstances described in paragraph 7.6.1.8 above, a driver's door is provided in vehicles of Classes A or B it may count as an emergency door for passengers provided: 7.6.1.9.1. The driver's door satisfies the requirements relating to the dimensions of emergency door indicated in paragraph 7.6.3.1.2 of this annex; 7.6.1.9.2. The driver's door fulfils the requirements of paragraph 7.6.1.7.2 above; 7.6.1.9.3. The space reserved for the driver's seat shall communicate with the main passengers' compartment through an appropriate passage; such requirement shall be deemed to be fulfilled if the test gauge described in paragraph 7.7.5.1 below is able to be moved unobstructed from the gangway, until the front end of the gauge reaches the vertical plane tangential to the foremost point of the driver's seat back (this seat being situated in its rearmost longitudinal position) and, from this plane, the test gauge described in paragraph 7.7.3.3 below is able to be moved to the emergency door in the direction established by such paragraph (see Annex 4, Figure 28) with seat and steering wheel adjustment in their mid-position. 7.6.1.10. Paragraphs 7.6.1.8 and 7.6.1.9 above do not preclude there being a door or other barrier between the driver's seat and the passenger compartment provided that this barrier can be released quickly by the driver in an emergency. A driver's door in a compartment protected by such a barrier shall not be counted as an exit for passengers. 7.6.1.11. Vehicles of Classes II, III and B shall be fitted with escape hatches, additional to the emergency doors and windows. In the case of double-deck vehicles, these hatches shall be fitted in the upper deck roof only. The minimum number of hatches shall be: Number of passengers (in the upper deck in the case of double-deck vehicles) Minimum number of hatches Not exceeding 30 l Exceeding 30 2 Except as provided in paragraph 7.6.1.12, hatches may also be fitted in the case of Classes I and A vehicles. There shall not be any escape hatches fitted in the roof of a trolleybus. 7.6.1.12. Hatches shall not be fitted in positions where technical components are installed which present possible danger to passengers using the escape hatches (e.g. high voltage systems, systems containing dangerous liquids and/or gas, etc.). 7.6.1.13. Each intercommunication staircase shall be considered to be an exit from the upper deck of a double-deck vehicle. 7.6.1.14. All persons accommodated in the lower deck of a double-deck vehicle shall, in an emergency situation, have access to the exterior of the vehicle without having to enter the upper deck. 7.6.1.15. The upper deck gangway of a double-deck vehicle shall be connected by one or more intercommunication staircases to the access passageway of a service door or to the lower deck gangway within 3 m of a service door: 7.6.1.15.1. At least one and one-half staircases shall be provided in the case of vehicles of Class I if more than 50 passengers are carried on the upper deck; 7.6.1.15.2. At least one and one-half staircases shall be provided in the case of vehicles of Class II and Class III if more than 30 passengers are carried on the upper deck. 7.6.1.16. In the case of a vehicle without a roof, the exits on the deck without a roof shall be such as to fulfil those prescriptions that are not incompatible with the absence of the roof. 7.6.1.17. In the case of vehicles of Class A or B, if there is a door opposite the driver's door it may count as one of the required exits for passengers provided: 7.6.1.17.1. There is not more than one passenger's seat beside the driver's compartment, and 7.6.1.17.2. It complies with the provisions of paragraph 7.6.1.9 above. 7.6.2. Positioning of exits 7.6.2.1. Vehicles of Classes I, II and III shall meet the requirements shown below. 7.6.2.1.1. The service door(s) shall be situated on the side of the vehicle that is nearer to the side of the road corresponding to the direction of traffic for which the vehicle is designed and as declared by the manufacturer in the communication form of Annex 1, Part I, Appendix 1, paragraph 2.8, to this Regulation. At least one of them shall be in the forward half of the vehicle. This shall not preclude: 7.6.2.1.1.1. The provision of a specially designed door in the rear or side faces of a vehicle for use in place of a service door by wheelchair passengers, or 7.6.2.1.1.2. The provision of an additional door in the rear face of a vehicle principally for loading/unloading of goods or luggage, but which may be used by passengers where circumstances so require, or 7.6.2.1.1.3. The provision of one or more additional service door(s) on the opposite side of the vehicle in the case of vehicles designed for use in circumstances which require boarding/alighting of passengers on both sides of the vehicle. Vehicles so equipped shall be provided with control(s) that allow the driver to inhibit normal operation of the doors that are not currently in use. 7.6.2.2. Vehicles of Classes A and B shall meet the following requirements: 7.6.2.2.1. The service door(s) shall be situated on the side of the vehicle that is nearer to the side of the road corresponding to the direction of the traffic for which the vehicle is designed and as declared by the manufacturer in the communication form of Annex 1, Part I, Appendix 1, paragraph 2.8, to this Regulation. 7.6.2.2.2. The exits shall be placed in such a way that there is at least one exit on each side of the vehicle. 7.6.2.2.3. The forward half and the rearward half of the passenger compartment shall each contain at least one exit. 7.6.2.3. If the passenger's compartment has an area S0 equal or greater than 10 m2, two of the doors referred to in paragraph 7.6.1.1 above shall be separated such that the distance between transverse vertical planes through their centres of area is not less than: 7.6.2.3.1. In the case of a single deck vehicle, 40 per cent of the overall length of the passenger compartment measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. In the case of an articulated vehicle, this requirement shall be fulfilled if two doors of the different sections are separated such that the distance between the doors is not less than 40 per cent of the overall length of the combined passenger compartment (all sections). If one of these two doors forms part of a double door this distance shall be measured between the two doors which are furthest apart. 7.6.2.3.2. In the case of a double-deck vehicle, two of the doors referred to in paragraph 7.6.1.1 above shall be separated such that the distance between transverse vertical planes through their centres of area is not less than either 25 per cent of the overall length of the vehicle or 40 per cent of the overall length of the passenger compartment on the lower deck; this shall not apply if the two doors are on different sides of the vehicle. If one of these two doors forms part of a double door, this distance shall be measured between the two doors which are furthest apart. 7.6.2.4. The exits (on each deck in the case of a double-deck vehicle) shall be placed in such a way that their number on each of the two sides of the vehicle is substantially the same. (This shall not imply the need to provide additional exits over and above the number specified in paragraph 7.6.1 above). Any exits in excess of the required minimum number need not be substantially on each of the two sides. 7.6.2.5. At least one exit shall be situated either in the rear face or in the front face of the vehicle: 7.6.2.5.1. In the case of Class I and A vehicles, the requirements of paragraph 7.6.2.5 above are fulfilled if an escape hatch is fitted; or, if paragraph 7.6.1.12 applies, an additional exit to those specified in paragraph 7.6.1 above, is fitted on each side of the vehicle. 7.6.2.5.2. In the case of double-deck vehicles, the requirements of paragraph 7.6.2.5 above shall apply only to the upper deck. 7.6.2.6. The exits on the same side of the vehicle shall be suitably separated along the length of the passenger compartment. 7.6.2.7. A door shall, provided that it is not a service door, be permitted in the rear face of the vehicle. 7.6.2.8. Required escape hatches shall be positioned as follows: (a) If there is only one hatch, it shall be situated in the middle third of the passenger compartment; or (b) If there are two hatches, they shall be separated by a distance of at least 2 m measured between the nearest edges of the apertures in a line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. 7.6.3. Minimum dimensions of exits 7.6.3.1. Vehicles of Class I, II or III shall meet the following requirements: 7.6.3.1.1. Service doors shall have an aperture creating an access in accordance with the requirements shown in paragraph 7.7.1 of this annex. 7.6.3.1.2. Emergency doors shall have an aperture with a minimum height of 1 450 mm and a minimum width of 600 mm. 7.6.3.1.3. Emergency windows shall have a minimum area of 400 000 mm2. It shall be possible to inscribe in this area a rectangle measuring 500 mm × 700 mm. 7.6.3.1.4. In the case of an emergency window situated in the rear face of the vehicle, either it shall meet the requirements shown in paragraph 7.6.3.1.3 above, or it shall be possible to inscribe in the aperture of this emergency window a rectangle 350 mm high and 1 550 mm wide, the corners of which may be rounded to a radius of curvature not exceeding 250 mm. 7.6.3.1.5. Escape hatches shall have an aperture with a minimum area of 450 000 mm2. It shall be possible to inscribe in this area a rectangle measuring 600 mm × 700 mm. 7.6.3.2. Vehicles of Class A or B may meet either the requirements shown in paragraph 7.6.3.1 above (Class A meeting Class I requirements and Class B meeting Class II and III requirements) or those contained in Annex 7, paragraph 1.1. 7.6.4. Technical requirements for all service doors 7.6.4.1. Every service door shall be capable of being easily opened from inside and from outside the vehicle when the vehicle is stationary (but not necessarily when the vehicle is moving). However, this requirement shall not be construed as precluding the possibility of locking the door from the outside, provided that the door can always be opened from the inside. 7.6.4.2. Every control or device for opening a door from the outside shall be between 1 000 mm and 1 500 mm from the ground and not more than 500 mm from the door. In vehicles of Classes I, II and III every control or device for opening a door from the inside shall be between 1 000 mm and 1 500 mm from the upper surface of the floor or step nearest the control and be not more than 500 mm from the door. This shall not apply to controls located within the driver's area. 7.6.4.3. Every one-piece manually-operated service door which is hinged or pivoted shall be so hinged or pivoted that if the open door comes into contact with a stationary object while the vehicle is moving forwards it tends to close. 7.6.4.4. If a manually-operated service door is fitted with a slam lock it shall be of the two-stage type. 7.6.4.5. On the inside of a service door there shall not be any device intended to cover the inside steps when the door is closed. This does not exclude the presence in the step well, when the door is closed, of the door operating mechanism and other equipment attached to the inside of the door which does not form an extension of the floor on which passengers may stand. This mechanism and equipment should not be dangerous for the passengers. 7.6.4.6. If the direct view is not adequate, optical or other devices shall be installed to enable the driver to detect from his seat the presence of a passenger in the immediate interior and exterior vicinity of every side service door which is not an automatically-operated service door. In the case of double-deck vehicles of Class I, this requirement also applies to the interior of all service doors and to the immediate vicinity of each intercommunication staircase on the upper deck. In the case of a service door in the rear face of the vehicle not exceeding 22 passengers, this requirement is satisfied if the driver is able to detect the presence of a person 1,3 m tall standing 1 m behind the vehicle. Driving mirrors may be used to meet the requirements of this paragraph provided that the field of view required for driving is still met. In the case of doors situated behind the articulated section of an articulated vehicle, mirrors shall not be deemed to be a sufficient optical device. 7.6.4.7. Every door which opens towards the interior of the vehicle and its mechanism shall be so constructed that its movement is not likely to cause injury to passengers in normal conditions of use. Where necessary, appropriate protection devices shall be fitted. 7.6.4.8. If a service door is located adjacent to a door to a toilet or other internal compartment the service door shall be proofed against unintentional operation. However, this requirement shall not apply if the door is locked automatically when the vehicle is moving at a speed exceeding 5 km/h. 7.6.4.9. In the case of vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers, the service doors of which are in the rear face of the vehicle, the leaves shall not be capable of being opened more than 115° nor less than 85° and, when open, shall be capable of being held automatically in that position. This does not preclude the ability to override that stop and open the door beyond that angle when it is safe to do so; for example, to enable reversing against a high platform for loading or to open the doors through 270° to allow a clear loading area behind the vehicle. 7.6.4.10. The service door in any open position shall not obstruct the use of, or required access to, any mandatory exit. 7.6.4.11. If an overnight locking system is provided, the following shall apply: 7.6.4.11.1. The locking system shall have been automatically deactivated when the ignition is in the ‘ON’ position, or 7.6.4.11.2. A warning shall be provided to the driver indicating that the overnight locking system remains in operation at one or more door(s) when the ignition is in the ‘ON’ position. One signal may be used for more than one door. 7.6.5. Additional technical requirements for power-operated service doors 7.6.5.1. In the event of an emergency, every power-operated service door shall be capable, when the vehicle is stationary or driving at a speed less than or equal to 5 km/h, of being opened from inside and, when not locked, from outside by controls which, whether or not the power supply is operating: 7.6.5.1.1. Override all other door controls; 7.6.5.1.2. In the case of interior controls, are placed on, or within 300 mm of, the door, at a height (except in the case of interior controls for the door referred to in Annex 8, paragraph 3.9.1) of not less than 1 000 mm above the first step; 7.6.5.1.3. Can be easily seen and clearly identified when approaching the door and when standing in front of the door and, if additional to the normal opening controls, be clearly marked for emergency use; 7.6.5.1.4. Can be operated by one person when standing immediately in front of the door; 7.6.5.1.5. May activate a starting prevention device; 7.6.5.1.6. Cause the door to open to a width that the gauge as defined in paragraph 7.7.1.1 below can pass through within 8 seconds after the operation of the control, or enable the door to be easily opened by hand to a width that the gauge as defined in paragraph 7.7.1.1 below can pass through within 8 seconds after the operation of the control; 7.6.5.1.7. May be protected by a device which can be easily removed or broken to gain access to the emergency control; the operation of the emergency control, or the removal of a protective cover over the control, shall be indicated to the driver both audibly and visually, and 7.6.5.1.8. In the case of a driver-operated door which does not comply with the requirements of paragraph 7.6.5.6.2 above, shall be such that after they have been operated to open the door and returned to their normal position, the door will not close again until the driver subsequently operates a closing control. 7.6.5.1.9. The doors shall be prevented from opening if the vehicle moves at a speed higher than 5 km/h. 7.6.5.2. A device may be provided which is operated by the driver from the driving seat to deactivate the outside emergency controls in order to lock the service doors from outside. In this case, the outside emergency controls shall be reactivated automatically either by the starting of the engine or before the vehicle reaches a speed of 20 km/h. Subsequently, deactivation of the outside emergency controls shall not occur automatically, but shall require a further action by the driver. 7.6.5.3. Every driver-operated service door shall be capable of operation by the driver when in the driving seat using controls which, except in the case of a foot control, are clearly and distinctively marked. 7.6.5.4. Every power-operated service door shall activate a visual tell-tale, which shall be plainly visible to the driver when seated in the normal driving position in any normal ambient lighting condition, to warn that a door is not fully closed. This tell-tale shall signal whenever the rigid structure of the door is between the fully open position and a point 30 mm from the fully closed position. One tell-tale may serve for one or more doors. However, no such tell-tale shall be fitted in respect of a front service door which does not comply with the requirements of paragraphs 7.6.5.6.1.1 and 7.6.5.6.1.2 below. 7.6.5.5. Where controls are provided for the driver to open and close a power-operated service door, they shall be such that the driver is able to reverse the movement of the door at any time during the closing or opening process. 7.6.5.6. The construction and control system of every power-operated service door shall be such that a passenger is unlikely to be injured by the door or trapped in the door as it closes. 7.6.5.6.1. This requirement shall be considered satisfied if the following two requirements are met: 7.6.5.6.1.1. The first requirement is that when the closing of the door at any measuring point described in Annex 6 is resisted by a clamping force not exceeding 150 N, the door shall reopen automatically to its fullest extent and, except in the case of an automatically-operated service door, remain open until a closing control is operated. The clamping force may be measured by any method to the satisfaction of the Type Approval Authority. Guidelines are given in Annex 6 to this Regulation. The peak force may be higher than 150 N for a short time provided that it does not exceed 300 N. The reopening system may be checked by means of a test bar having a section of height 60 mm, width 30 mm with corners radiused to 5 mm. 7.6.5.6.1.2. The second requirement is that whenever the doors are closed onto the wrist or fingers of a passenger: 7.6.5.6.1.2.1. The door reopens automatically to its fullest extent and, except in the case of an automatically-operated service door, remains open until a closing control is operated, or 7.6.5.6.1.2.2. The wrist or fingers can be readily extracted from the doors without risk of injury to the passenger. This requirement may be checked by hand, or by means of the test bar mentioned in paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.1 above, tapered at one end over a length of 300 mm from a thickness of 30 mm to a thickness of 5 mm. It shall not be treated with polish nor lubricated. If the door traps the bar it shall be capable of being easily removed, or 7.6.5.6.1.2.3. The door is maintained at a position allowing the free passage of a test bar having a section of height 60 mm, width 20 mm, with corners radiused to 5 mm. This position shall not be more than 30 mm distant from the fully closed position. 7.6.5.6.2. In the case of a front service door the requirement of paragraph 7.6.5.6 above shall be considered satisfied if the door: 7.6.5.6.2.1. Fulfils the requirements of paragraphs 7.6.5.6.1.1 and 7.6.5.6.1.2 above, or 7.6.5.6.2.2. Is fitted with soft edges; these shall not, however be so soft that if the doors are closed on the test bar mentioned in paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.1 above the rigid structure of the doors will reach the fully closed position. 7.6.5.7. Where a power-operated service door is held closed only by the continued application of the power supply there shall be provided a visual warning device to inform the driver of any failure in the power supply to the doors. 7.6.5.8. A starting prevention device, if fitted, shall be effective only at speeds of less than 5 km/h and shall be incapable of operation above that speed. 7.6.5.9. If the vehicle is not fitted with a starting prevention device, an audible warning to the driver shall be activated if the vehicle is driven away from rest when any power-operated service door is not fully closed. This audible warning shall be activated at a speed exceeding 5 km/h for doors complying with the requirements of paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.2.3 above. 7.6.6. Additional technical requirements for automatically-operated service doors 7.6.6.1. Activation of the opening controls. 7.6.6.1.1. Except as provided in paragraph 7.6.5.1 above, the opening controls of every automatically-operated service door shall be capable of being activated and deactivated only by the driver from his seat. 7.6.6.1.2. Activation and deactivation may be either direct, by means of a switch, or indirect, for example by opening and closing the front service door. 7.6.6.1.3. Activation of the opening controls by the driver shall be indicated inside and, where a door is to be opened from outside, also on the outside of the vehicle; the indicator (e.g. illuminated push-button, illuminated sign) shall be on or adjacent to the door to which it relates. 7.6.6.1.4. In the case of direct actuation by means of a switch the functional state of the system shall be clearly indicated to the driver, by, for example, the position of the switch or an indicator lamp or an illuminated switch. The switch shall be specially marked and arranged in such a way that it cannot be confused with other controls. 7.6.6.2. Opening of automatically-operated service doors. 7.6.6.2.1. After activation of the opening controls by the driver it shall be possible for passengers to open the door as follows: 7.6.6.2.1.1. From inside, for example by pressing a push-button or passing a light barrier, and 7.6.6.2.1.2. From outside, except in the case of a door intended only as an exit and marked as such, by, for example, pressing an illuminated push-button, a push-button beneath an illuminated sign, or a similar device marked with a suitable instruction. 7.6.6.2.2. The pressing of the push-buttons mentioned in paragraph 7.6.6.2.1.1 above, and the use of the means of communication with the driver mentioned in paragraph 7.7.9.1 below, may send a signal which is stored and which, after the activation of the opening controls by the driver, effects the opening of the door. 7.6.6.3. Closing of automatically-operated service doors. 7.6.6.3.1. When an automatically-operated service door has opened it shall close again automatically after a time interval has elapsed. If a passenger enters or leaves the vehicle during this time interval, a safety device (e.g. a footboard contact, light barrier, one-way gate) shall ensure that the time until the door closes is sufficiently extended. 7.6.6.3.2. If the passenger enters or leaves the vehicle while the door is closing, the closing process shall be interrupted automatically and the door shall return to the open position. The reversal may be actuated by one of the safety devices referred to in paragraph 7.6.6.3.1 above or by any other device. 7.6.6.3.3. A door that has closed automatically in accordance with paragraph 7.6.6.3.1 above shall be capable of being opened again by a passenger in accordance with paragraph 7.6.6.2 above; this shall not apply if the driver has deactivated the opening controls. 7.6.6.3.4. After deactivation of the opening controls of the automatically-operated service doors by the driver, open doors shall close in accordance with paragraphs 7.6.6.3.1 and 7.6.6.3.2 above. 7.6.6.4. Inhibition of the automatic closing process on doors marked for special service, e.g. for passengers with prams, passengers with reduced mobility, etc. 7.6.6.4.1. The driver shall be able to inhibit the automatic closing process by actuation of a special control. A passenger shall also be able to inhibit the automatic closing process directly by pressing a special push-button. 7.6.6.4.2. The inhibition of the automatic closing process shall be indicated to the driver, e.g. by a visual tell-tale. 7.6.6.4.3. Re-establishment of the automatic closing process shall in any case be capable of being done by the driver. 7.6.6.4.4. Paragraph 7.6.6.3 above shall apply to the subsequent closing of the door. 7.6.7. Technical requirements for emergency doors 7.6.7.1. Emergency doors shall be capable of being easily opened from inside and from outside when the vehicle is stationary. However, this requirement shall not be construed as precluding the possibility of locking the door from the outside, provided that the door can always be opened from the inside by the us