EN Official Journal of the European Union L 97/21

Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html

Regulation No 129 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of enhanced Child Restraint Systems used on board of motor vehicles (ECRS)

Incorporating all valid text up to:

Supplement 2 to the original version of the Regulation - Date of entry into force: 10 June 2014

CONTENTS

REGULATION

1. Scope

2. Definitions

3. Application for approval

4. Markings

5. Approval

6. General specifications

7. Tests

8. Test reports of type approval and of production qualification

9. Production qualification

10. Conformity of production and routine tests

11. Modification and extension of approval of a Child Restraint System

12. Penalties for non-conformity of production

13. Production definitively discontinued

14. Information for users

15. Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of Type Approval Authorities

ANNEXES

1 Communication

2 Arrangements of the approval mark

3 Arrangement of apparatus for dust resistance test

4 Corrosion test

5 Abrasion and microslip test

6 Description of trolley

7 Curve of trolley's deceleration or acceleration, as function of time

8 Description of dummies

9 Frontal impact test against a barrier

10 Rear impact test procedure

11 Type approval scheme (Flow chart ISO 9002:2000)

12 Control of conformity of production

13 Test of energy absorbing material

14 Method of defining head impact area of devices with backrests and for rearward-facing devices defining the minimum size of side wings

15 Description of conditioning of adjusters mounted directly on Child Restraint Systems

16 Typical buckle strength test device

17 Determination of performance criteria

18 Geometrical dimensions of i-Size Child Restraint Systems

19 Assessment volumes for i-size support-legs and support-leg feet

20 Minimum list of documents required for approval

21 Load application devices

1. SCOPE

This Regulation applies (in its Phase 1) to Integral Universal ISOFIX Child Restraint Systems (i-Size) and Integral "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint Systems for child occupants of power driven vehicles.

2. DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this Regulation,

2.1. "Child Restraint System" (CRS) means a device capable of accommodating a child occupant in a sitting or supine position. It is so designed as to diminish the risk of injury to the wearer, in the event of a collision or of abrupt deceleration of the vehicle, by limiting the mobility of the child’s body.

2.2. "Child restraint type" means a Child Restraint System which does not differ in such essential respects as: The category in which the restraint is type approved; The design, material and construction of the Child Restraint System. Convertible or modular Child Restraint Systems shall be considered to not differ in their design, material and construction.

2.3. "i-Size" (Integral Universal ISOFIX Child Restraint Systems) is a category of Child Restraint System for use in all i-Size seating position of a vehicle, as defined and approved according to Regulation Nos. 14 and 16.

2.4. "Integral" is a class of Child Restraint System, meaning that the child is restrained only by components which comprise the Child Restraint System (e.g. strap harness, shield, etc.), and not by means connected directly to the vehicle (e.g; seat belt).

2.5. "ISOFIX" is a system that provides a method of connecting a Child Restraint System to a vehicle. It is based on two vehicle anchorages and two corresponding attachments on the Child Restraint System in conjunction with a means to limit the pitch rotation of the Child Restraint System. All three vehicle anchorages are to be approved according to Regulation No. 14.

2.6. "ISOFIX Universal" is an ISOFIX comprising either a top-tether or a support-leg, to limit the pitch rotation of the Child Restraint System, attached to, or supported by, the corresponding vehicle.

2.7. "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" is a category of Child Restraint System connecting to specific vehicle types. All vehicle anchorages are to be approved according to Regulation No. 14. It is also an indication for Child Restraint Systems including dashboard as a vehicle contact zone.

2.8. "Size" indicates the stature of the Child for whom the Child Restraint System has been designed and approved. Child restraint systems may cover any size range provided that all requirements are fulfilled.

2.9. "Orientation" indicates a direction in which a Child Restraint System has been approved for use. The following distinctions are made: (a) Forward-facing means facing in the normal direction of travel of the vehicle; (b) Rearward-facing means facing in the direction opposite to the normal direction of travel of the vehicle; (c) Lateral-facing means facing perpendicular to the normal direction of travel of the vehicle.

2.10. "Special Needs Restraint" is a Child Restraint System designed for children who have special needs as a result of either a physical or mental disability; this device may in particular permit additional restraining devices for any part of the child, but it shall contain as a minimum a primary means of restraint which complies with the requirements of this Regulation.

2.11. "ISOFIX anchorage system" means a system made up of two ISOFIX low anchorages fulfilling the requirements of Regulation No. 14 which is designed for attaching an ISOFIX Child Restraint System in conjunction with an anti-rotation device. 2.11.1. "ISOFIX low anchorage" means one 6 mm diameter rigid round horizontal bar, extending from vehicle or seat structure to accept and restrain an ISOFIX Child Restraint System with ISOFIX attachments. 2.11.2. "ISOFIX attachment" means one of the two connections, fulfilling the requirement of paragraph 6.3.3. of this Regulation, extending from the ISOFIX Child Restraint System structure, and compatible with an ISOFIX low anchorage.

2.12. "Anti-rotation device" means a device intended to limit the rotation of the Child Restraint System during a vehicle impact and consisting of: (a) A top-tether strap; or (b) A support-leg. Meeting the requirements of this Regulation and fitted to an ISOFIX anchorage system and ISOFIX top tether anchorages or vehicle floor contact surface meeting the requirements of Regulation No. 14. An "Anti-rotation device" for a "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint System may comprise a top tether, a support-leg or any other means capable of limiting the rotation.

2.13. "ISOFIX top tether strap" means a webbing strap (or equivalent) which extends from the top of an ISOFIX Child Restraint System to the ISOFIX top tether anchorage, and which is equipped with an adjustment device, a tension-relieving device, and an ISOFIX top tether connector. 2.13.1. "ISOFIX top tether anchorage" means a feature fulfilling the requirements of Regulation No. 14, such as a bar, located in a defined zone, designed to accept an ISOFIX top tether connector and transfer its restraint force to the vehicle structure. 2.13.2. "ISOFIX top tether connector" means a device intended to be attached to an ISOFIX top tether anchorage. 2.13.3. "ISOFIX top tether hook" means an ISOFIX top tether connector typically used to attach an ISOFIX top tether strap to an ISOFIX top tether anchorage as defined in Figure 3 of Regulation No. 14. 2.13.4. "ISOFIX top tether attachment" is a device to secure the ISOFIX top tether strap to the ISOFIX Child Restraint System.

2.14. "Tension relieving device" means a system which allows to release the device that adjusts and maintains the tension in the ISOFIX top tether strap.

2.15. "Support-leg" means an anti–rotation device permanently attached to a Child Restraint System creating a load path between the Child Restraint System and the vehicle structure. A support-leg shall be adjustable in length (Z direction) and may be additionally adjustable in other directions. 2.15.1. "Support-leg foot" means one or more part(s) of the support-leg of the Child Restraint System intended (by design) to engage with the vehicle floor contact surface and designed to transmit the loading from the support-leg to the vehicle structure during a frontal impact. 2.15.2. "Support-leg foot contact surface" means the surface of the support-leg foot physically in contact with the vehicle floor contact surface and designed to spread the loads across the vehicle structure. 2.15.3. "Support-leg foot assessment volume" describes a spatial volume which denotes both the extent and limitations for the movement of the support-leg foot. It corresponds to the support-leg foot assessment volume for vehicles, as defined in Annex 10 of Regulation No. 14. 2.15.4. "Support-leg dimension assessment volume" means a volume defining the maximum dimensions of a support-leg, corresponding to the support-leg installation assessment volume for vehicles, as defined in Annex 17 of Regulation No. 16, ensuring the dimensional installation of a support-leg of an i-Size CRS in an i-Size seating position of a vehicle.

2.16. "CRF pitch angle" is the angle between the bottom surface of the fixture ISO/F2 (B) as defined in Regulation No. 16 (Annex 17, Appendix 2, Figure 2) and the horizontal Z plane of the vehicle as defined in Regulation No. 14 (Annex 4, Appendix 2), with the fixture installed in the vehicle as defined in Regulation No. 16 (Annex 17, Appendix 2).

2.17. "Vehicle Seat Fixture (VSF)" means a fixture, according to ISOFIX size classes whose dimensions are given in Figures 1 to 6 of Appendix 2 to Annex 17 to Regulation No. 16, used by a Child Restraint System manufacturer to determine the appropriate dimensions of an ISOFIX Child Restraint System and the location of its ISOFIX attachments.

2.18. "Child-safety chair" means a Child Restraint System incorporating a chair in which the child is held.

2.19. "Chair" means a structure which is a constituent part of the Child Restraint System and is intended to accommodate a child in a seated position.

2.20. "Chair support" means that part of a Child Restraint System by which the chair can be raised.

2.21. "Belt" means a child restraint comprising a combination of straps with a securing buckle, adjusting devices and attachments.

2.22. "Harness belt" means a belt assembly comprising a lap belt, shoulder restraints and a crotch strap.

2.23. "Y-shaped belt" means a belt where the combination of straps is formed by a strap to be guided between the child's legs and a strap for each shoulder.

2.24. "Carry cot" means a restraint system intended to accommodate and restrain the child in a supine or prone position with the child's spine perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle. It is so designed as to distribute the restraining forces over the child's head and body excluding its limbs in the event of a collision.

2.25. "Carry-cot restraint" means a device used to restrain a carry-cot to the structure of the vehicle.

2.26. "Infant carrier" means a restraint system intended to accommodate the child in a rearward-facing semi-recumbent position. It is so designed as to distribute the restraining forces over the child's head and body excluding its limbs in the event of the frontal collision.

2.27. "Child support" means that part of a Child Restraint System by which the child can be raised within the Child Restraint System.

2.28. "Impact shield" means a device secured in front of the child and designed to distribute the restraining forces over the greater part of the height of the child's body in the event of a frontal impact.

2.29. "Strap" means a flexible component designed to transmit forces.

2.30. "Lap strap" means a strap which, either in the form of a complete belt or in the form of a component of such a belt passes across the front of, and restrains, directly or not, the child's pelvis.

2.31. "Shoulder strap" means that part of a belt which restrains the child's upper torso.

2.32. "Crotch strap" means a strap (or divided straps, where two or more pieces of webbing make it) attached to the Child Restraint System and the lap strap and is so positioned as to pass between the child's thighs; it is designed to prevent the child sliding under the lap belt in normal use and prevent the lap belt moving up off the pelvis in an impact.

2.33. "Child-restraining strap" means a strap which is a constituent part of the belt (harness) and restrains only the body of the child.

2.34. "Buckle" means a quick release device which enables the child to be held by the restraint or the restraint by the structure of the car and can be quickly opened. The buckle may incorporate the adjusting device.

2.35. "Enclosed buckle release button", a buckle release button such that it shall not be possible to release the buckle using a sphere having a diameter of 40 mm.

2.36. "Non-enclosed buckle release button", a buckle release button such that it shall be possible to release the buckle using a sphere having a diameter of 40 mm.

2.37. "Adjusting device" means a device enabling the belt or its attachments to be adjusted to the physique of the wearer. The adjusting device may either be part of the buckle or be a retractor or any other part of the belt.

2.38. "Quick adjuster" means an adjusting device which can be operated by one hand in one smooth movement.

2.39. "Adjuster mounted directly on Child Restraint System" means an adjuster for the harness belt which is directly mounted on the Child Restraint System, as opposed to being directly supported by the strap that it is designed to adjust.

2.40. "Energy absorber" means a device which is designed to dissipate energy independently of or jointly with the strap and forms part of a Child Restraint System.

2.41. "Retractor" means a device designed to accommodate a part or the whole of the strap of a Child Restraint System. The term covers the following devices: 2.41.1. "Automatically-locking retractor", a retractor which allows extraction of the desired length of a strap and, when the buckle is fastened, automatically adjusts the strap to the wearer's physique, further extraction of the strap without voluntary intervention by the wearer being prevented. 2.41.2. "Emergency-locking retractor", a retractor which does not restrict the strap wearer's freedom of movement in normal driving conditions. Such a device has length-adjusting devices which automatically adjust the strap to the wearer's physique, and a locking mechanism actuated in an emergency by: 2.41.2.1. Deceleration of the vehicle, extraction of the strap from the retractor, or any other automatic means (single sensitivity); 2.41.2.2. A combination of any of these means (multiple sensitivity).

2.42. "Inclined position" means a special position of the chair which allows the child to recline.

2.43. "Lying down/supine/prone position" means a position where at least the child's head and body excluding its limbs are on a horizontal surface when at rest in the restraint.

2.44. "Vehicle seat" means a structure, which may or may not be integral with the vehicle structure, complete with trim and intended to seat one adult person. In this respect: "Group of vehicle seats" means either a bench seat or a plurality of seats which are separate but side by side (i.e. so fixed that the front anchorages of one seat are in line with the front or rear anchorages of another seat or on a line passing between those anchorages), each seat accommodating one or more seated adult persons. "Vehicle bench seat" means a structure complete with trim and intended to seat more than one adult person. "Vehicle front seats" means the group of seats situated foremost in the passenger compartment, i.e. having no other seat directly in front of them. "Vehicle rear seats" are fixed, forward-facing seats situated behind another group of vehicle seats.

2.45. "Seat type" means a category of adult seats which do not differ in such essential respects as the shape, dimensions and materials of the seat structure, the types and dimensions of the seat-lock adjustment and locking systems, and the type and dimensions of the adult safety-belt anchorage on the seat, of the seat anchorage, and of the affected parts of the vehicle structure.

2.46. "Adjustment system" means the complete device by which the vehicle seat or its parts can be adjusted to suit the physique of the seat's adult occupant; this device may, in particular, permit longitudinal displacement, and/or vertical displacement, and/or angular displacement.

2.47. "Vehicle seat anchorage" means the system, including the affected parts of the vehicle structure, by which the adult seat as a whole is secured to the vehicle structure.

2.48. "Displacement system" means a device enabling the adult seat or one of its parts to be displaced angularly or longitudinally, without a fixed intermediate position, to facilitate the entry and exit of passengers and the loading and unloading of objects.

2.49. "Locking system" means a device ensuring that the adult seat and its parts are maintained in the position of use.

2.50. "Seat bight" means the area close to the intersection of the surfaces of the vehicle seat cushion and the seat-back.

2.51. "ISOFIX position" means a location which allows for the installation of either: (a) Universal ISOFIX Child Restraint System as defined in Regulation No. 44; or (b) A "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint System as defined in Regulation No. 44 or a "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" as defined in this Regulation; or (c) An i-Size Child Restraint System suitable for use in specific ISOFIX seating positions as defined by the vehicle manufacturer according to Regulation 16.

2.52. "Type approval test", means a test to determine the extent to which a Child Restraint System type submitted for approval is capable of satisfying the requirements.

2.53. "Production qualification test (qualification of production test)", means a test to determine whether the manufacturer is able to produce a Child Restraint System in conformity with the Child Restraint Systems submitted for type approval.

2.54. "Routine testing" (or conformity of production testing), means the testing of a number of restraint systems selected from a single batch to verify the extent to which they satisfy the requirements.

2.55. "Shoulder strap positioner" means a device intended to maintain, during normal transit conditions, the appropriate shoulder strap position on the child’s torso by connecting the shoulder straps to one another.

3. APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

3.1. The application for approval of a type of Child Restraint System shall be submitted by the holder of the trade mark or by his duly accredited representative and follow the type approval scheme described in Annex 11.

3.2. The application for approval, relating to each type of Child Restraint System, shall be accompanied by: 3.2.1. A technical description of the Child Restraint System, specifying the straps and other materials used together with the predicted and reproducible behaviour of load limiting devices. It shall be accompanied by drawings of the parts making up the Child Restraint System and in the case of retractors, installation instructions for these retractors and their sensing devices, declaration on toxicity (para. 6.3.1.1.) and flammability (para. 6.3.1.2.), the drawings shall show the position intended for a single approval number and additional symbol(s) in relation to the circle of the approval mark; 3.2.2. The applicant shall indicate the kind of application: (a) Application for an i-Size Child Restraint Systems; or (b) Application for a "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint Systems. 3.2.3. For Child Restraint Systems tested on the test trolley in a vehicle body shell in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3.2. of this Regulation or in a complete vehicle in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3.3. of this Regulation, the applicant shall submit documentation (drawings and/or pictures) regarding the combination of the Child Restraint System and the car or the ISOFIX seating position and the relevant car environment for which the manufacturer has requested a "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" approval. This documentation needs to indicate: (a) The available area around the Child Restraint System when installed on the seating position. In particular it shall include parts which might interfere with the Child Restraint System during an impact; (b) All relevant vehicle parts which might influence the (rotational) movement of the Child Restraint System during an impact, due to their strength or stiffness. 3.2.4. Samples of the Child Restraint System requested by the Technical Service responsible for conducting the test; 3.2.5. A 10-metre length of each type of strap used in the Child Restraint System; and 3.2.6. Instructions and details of packaging in accordance with paragraph 14. of this Regulation. 3.2.7. In case of a "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" application when tests are performed in a vehicle body shell, a body of the vehicle, including adult seats and the relevant parts of the car environment shall be available.

3.3. Annex 20 lists the minimum documents required to accompany the application for approval as indicated in paragraph 3.2. above and required elsewhere in this Regulation.

3.4. The Type Approval Authority of a Contracting Party shall verify, before granting type approval the existence of satisfactory arrangements and procedures for ensuring effective control so that Child Restraint Systems, equipment or parts when in production conform to the approved type.

4. MARKINGS

4.1. The samples of Child Restraint Systems submitted for approval in conformity with the provisions of paragraphs 3.2.4. and 3.2.5. above shall be clearly and indelibly marked with the manufacturer's name, initials or trade mark.

4.2. The Child Restraint System, except the strap(s) or harness, shall be marked clearly and indelibly with the year of production.

4.3. The orientation of the Child Restraint System relative to the vehicle shall be clearly indicated on the product.

The marking defined in this paragraph shall be visible with the Child Restraint System in the vehicle, with the child in the Child Restraint System.

4.4. On the visible inner surface (including the side wing beside the child's head) in the approximate area where the child's head rests within the Child Restraint System, rearward facing restraints shall have the following label permanently attached (the information shown is a minimum).

Label minimum size: 60 × 120 mm.

The label shall be stitched to the cover around its entire perimeter and/or permanently bonded to the cover over its entire back surface. Any other form of attachment that is permanent and not liable to removal from the product or to becoming obscured is acceptable. Flag type labels are specifically prohibited.

If sections of the restraint or any accessories supplied by the Child Restraint System manufacturer are able to obscure the label an additional label is required. One warning label shall be permanently visible in all situations when the restraint is prepared for use in any configuration.

4.5. In the case of Child Restraint Systems that can be used forward facing, it shall have the following label permanently attached and visible to the person installing a child restraint in the vehicle:

The manufacturer shall be permitted to include the word "months" to explain the symbol "M" in the label. The word "months" should be in a language commonly spoken in the country or countries where the product is sold. More than one language is allowed.

Minimum label size 40 × 40 mm

4.6. i-Size marking

The following information shall be permanently visible to someone installing the Child Restraint System in a vehicle:

4.6.1. The i-Size logo. The symbol shown below shall have minimum dimension of 25 × 25 mm and the pictogram shall contrast with the background. The pictogram shall be clearly visible either by means of contrasting colors or by adequate relief if it is molded or embossed;

4.6.2. The size range of the Child Restraint System in centimeters;

4.6.3. The maximum occupant mass allowed for the Child Restraint System in kilograms.

4.7. "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" marking

The "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" child restraint system shall have a permanently attached label, visible to the person installing the child restraint system in the car, containing the following information:

"SPECIFIC VEHICLE ISOFIX"

4.8. Additional markings

The following information may be conveyed by pictograms and/or text. The marking shall indicate:

(a) The essential relevant steps needed for making the Child Restraint System ready for installation. For example, the method of extending the ISOFIX attachment(s) shall be explained;

(b) The position, function, and interpretation of any indicator shall be explained;

(c) The position and if necessary the routing of top tethers, or other means of limiting Child Restraint System rotation requiring action by the user, shall be indicated using one of the following symbols as appropriate;

(d) The adjustment of ISOFIX latches and the top tether, or other means of limiting Child Restraint System rotation, requiring action by the user shall be indicated;

(e) The marking shall be permanently attached and be visible to a user installing the Child Restraint System;

(f) Where necessary reference should be made to the Child Restraint System user instructions and to the location of that document using the symbol below.

5. APPROVAL

5.1. Each sample submitted in conformity with paragraphs 3.2.4. and 3.2.5. above shall meet the specifications set forth in paragraphs 6. to 7. of this Regulation in every respect before approval can be granted.

5.2. An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. Its first two digits (at present 00 corresponding to the 00 series of amendments which entered into force on 9 July 2013) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. The same Contracting Party shall not assign the same number to another type of Child Restraint System covered by this Regulation. A type of Child Restraint System approved according to this Regulation shall not bear another approval mark according to Regulation No. 44 (Child Restraint Systems).

5.3. Notice of approval or of extension or refusal of approval of a Child Restraint System pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

5.4. In addition to the marks prescribed in paragraph 4. above, the following particulars shall be affixed in a suitable space to every Child Restraint System conforming to a type approved under this Regulation: 5.4.1. An international approval mark consisting of: 5.4.1.1. A circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval (1); 5.4.1.2. An approval number, the words "Regulation No." followed by the number of this Regulation, a slash and the series of amendment("Regulation No. XXX/XX"); 5.4.2. The following additional symbols: 5.4.2.1. The words "i-Size universal ISOFIX" or "specific vehicle ISOFIX" depending on the category of Child Restraint System; 5.4.2.2. The size range for which the Child Restraint System has been designed; 5.4.2.3. The symbol "S" in the case of a "Special Needs Restraint".

5.5. Annex 2 to this Regulation gives an example of the arrangement of the approval mark.

5.6. The particulars referred to in paragraph 5.4. above shall be clearly legible and be indelible, and may be affixed either by means of a label or by direct marking. The label or marking shall be resistant to wear.

5.7. The labels referred to in paragraph 5.6. above may be issued either by the Type Approval Authority which has granted the approval or, subject to that Type Approval Authority's authorization, by the manufacturer.

6. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

6.1. Positioning and securing on the vehicle

6.1.1. Child Restraint Systems in the i-Size category are for use in i-Size seating positions, when the Child Restraint Systems are fitted in conformity with the vehicle manufacturer's instructions.

Child Restraint Systems in the "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" category are for use in all ISOFIX positions and also in the luggage area, if the restraints are fitted in conformity with the vehicle manufacturer's instructions.

6.1.2. According to the category in which it belongs to, see Table 1, the Child Restraint System shall be secured to the vehicle structure or to the vehicle seat structure:

6.1.2.1. For i-Size category, this shall be by means of two ISOFIX attachments with the addition of an anti-rotation device for both forward and rearward-facing Child Restraint System;

6.1.2.2. For "Specific Vehicle ISOFIX" category: this shall be by means of the ISOFIX attachments designed by the manufacturer of the Child Restraint System, secured to ISOFIX anchorage system as designed by the vehicle manufacturer. Table 1 Possible configurations for type approval Orientation Category i-Size CRS Integral Specific Vehicle ISOFIX CRS INTEGRAL Lateral facing (carry-cot) NA A Rearward facing A A Forward facing (integral) A A With: CRS: Child Restraint System A: Applicable NA: Non-Applicable

6.1.3. For children under the age of 15 months only lateral facing or rearward facing Child Restraint System shall be used.

That means:

(a) A Child Restraint System designed for children up to 15 months of age shall be rearward facing and accommodate at least a child with a stature of 83 cm;

(b) A forward facing Child Restraint System shall not be designed to accommodate a stature below 71 cm;

(c) A convertible seat in its rearward facing configuration shall be able to accommodate a child with a stature up to 83 cm. This shall not preclude a child stature greater than 83 cm.

The use of rearward facing Child Restraint System may be applied to any age of child.

6.2. Configuration of the Child Restraint System

6.2.1. The configuration of the Child Restraint System shall be such that:

6.2.1.1. The restraint of the child shall give the required protection in any position specified for the Child Restraint System; For "Special Needs Restraints" the primary means of restraint shall give the required protection in any intended position of the Child Restraint System without the use of the additional restraining devices which may be present;

6.2.1.2. The Child Restraint System shall be such that the child may be easily and readily restrained or removed. In the case of a Child Restraint System in which the child is restrained by means of a harness belt or a Y-shaped belt without a retractor each shoulder restraint and lap strap shall be capable of movement relative to each other during the procedure prescribed in paragraph 6.7.1.4. below; in these cases the belt assembly of the Child Restraint System may be designed with two or more connecting parts. For "Special Needs Restraints" it is recognized that the additional restraining devices will restrict the speed by which a child can be restrained and removed. However, the additional devices shall be designed to release quickly so far as possible;

6.2.1.3. If it is possible to change the inclination of the Child Restraint System, this change in inclination shall not require manual readjustment of any other part of the Child Restraint System. A deliberate hand-action shall be necessary in order to change the inclination of the Child Restraint System;

6.2.1.4. To prevent submarining, either by impact or through restlessness, a crotch strap shall be required on all forward-facing restraints incorporating an integral harness belt system.

6.2.1.5. All restraint devices utilizing a "lap strap" must positively guide the "lap strap" to ensure that the loads transmitted by the "lap strap" are transmitted through the pelvis. The assembly shall not subject weak parts of the child’s body (abdomen, crotch, etc.) to excessive stresses. The design shall be such that compression loads shall not be imposed on the crown of the child’s head in the event of a collision;

6.2.1.6. All straps of the restraint shall be so placed that they cannot cause discomfort to the wearer in normal use or assume a dangerous configuration. The distance between the shoulder-straps in the vicinity of the neck should be at least the width of the neck of the appropriate dummy.

6.2.1.7. With the crotch strap attached and in its longest position if adjustable, it shall not be possible to adjust the lap strap to lie above the pelvis of both the smallest and largest dummy within the mass groups covered by the approval. For all forward-facing restraints, it shall not be possible to adjust the lap strap to lie above the pelvis of both the smallest and largest dummy within the mass groups covered by the approval.

6.2.1.8. During the dynamic test, as prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3., the lap belt shall not pass fully beyond the pelvic structure of the dummy during the period prior to maximum horizontal head excursion. An assessment shall be carried out using high speed video imaging.

6.2.2. The Child Restraint System shall be designed and installed so as to:

6.2.2.1. Not exhibit sharp edges or protrusions liable to cause damage to vehicle-seat covers or to occupant's clothing;

6.2.2.2. To ensure that its rigid parts do not, at any point, where they are in contact with straps, exhibit sharp edges capable of abrading the straps.

6.2.3. It shall not be possible to remove or detach without the use of specific tools, any components not designed to be removable or detachable. Any components that are designed to be removable for maintenance or adjustment purpose shall be so designed as to avoid any risk of incorrect assembly and use, as the assembly and disassembly processes shall be explained in detail in the restraint user guides. Any harness belt shall be capable of its full range of adjustment without disassembly.

6.2.4. "Special Needs Restraints" may have additional restraining devices; these shall be designed to avoid any risk of incorrect assembly, and shall be designed so that their means of release and mode of operation is immediately obvious to any rescuer in an emergency.

6.2.5. A Child Restraint System may be designed for use in any range of size specified by the manufacturer provided that it satisfies the requirements laid down in this Regulation.

6.2.6. Child Restraint Systems incorporating inflatable elements shall be so designed that the conditions of use (pressure, temperature, humidity) have no influence on their ability to comply with the requirements of this Regulation.

6.3. Child Restraint System specifications

6.3.1 Material

6.3.1.1. The Child Restraint System manufacturer shall declare in writing that the toxicity of materials used in the manufacture of restraint systems and accessible to the restrained child is in conformity with the relevant parts of EN 71-3:1994/A1:2000/AC. Tests confirming the validity of the declaration may be carried out at the discretion of the test authority.

6.3.1.2. The Child Restraint System manufacturer shall declare in writing that the flammability of materials used to manufacture the restraint system is in conformity with the relevant paragraphs of EN 71-2:2011. Tests confirming the validity of the declaration may be carried out at the discretion of the test authority.

6.3.2. General characteristics

6.3.2.1. Internal geometric characteristics

The Technical Service conducting the approval tests shall verify that the internal dimensions of the Child Restraint System conform to the requirements of Annex 18. For any size within the size range declared by the manufacturer the minimum dimensions for shoulder breadth, hip breadth and sitting height shall be fulfilled together with the minimum and maximum dimensions of shoulder height.

6.3.2.2. External dimensions

The maximum dimensions for width, height and depth of the Child Restraint System and the locations of the ISOFIX anchorages system with which its attachments shall engage, shall be defined by the Vehicle Seat Fixture (VSF) as defined in paragraph 2.17. of this Regulation.

(a) i-Size Forward facing Child Restraint Systems shall fit within the ISO/F2x size envelope for a reduced-height forward-facing toddler CRS (height 650 mm) ISOFIX SIZE CLASS B1;

(b) i-Size Rearward facing Child Restraint Systems shall fit within the ISO/R2 size envelope for a reduced-size rearward-facing toddler CRS ISOFIX SIZE CLASS D;

(c) "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint Systems may fit within any ISO size envelope.

6.3.2.3. Mass

The mass of an integral ISOFIX Child Restraint System (i-Size Child Restraint System included) combined with the mass of the largest child intended to use the Child Restraint System shall not exceed 33 kg. This mass limit is also applicable for "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint Systems.

6.3.3. ISOFIX attachments

6.3.3.1. Type

ISOFIX attachments may be according to examples shown in Figure 0(a), or other appropriate designs that are part of a rigid mechanism having provision for adjustment, the nature of which is determined by the ISOFIX Child Restraint System manufacturer.

Figure 0(a)

Key

1 ISOFIX Child Restraint System attachment — example 1 2 ISOFIX Child Restraint System attachment — example 2

Dimensions in mm

6.3.3.2. Dimensions

Dimensions for the portion of the ISOFIX Child Restraint System attachment that engages the ISOFIX anchorage system shall not exceed the maximum dimensions given by the envelope in Figure 0(b).

Figure 0(b)

Dimensions in mm

6.3.3.3. Partial latching indication

The ISOFIX Child Restraint System shall incorporate means by which there is a clear indication that both of the ISOFIX attachments are completely latched with the corresponding ISOFIX lower anchorages. The indication means may be audible, tactile or visual or a combination of two or more. In case of visual indication it shall be detectable under all normal lighting conditions.

6.3.4. ISOFIX Child Restraint System top tether strap specifications

6.3.4.1. Top tether connector

The top tether connector shall be ISOFIX top tether hook as shown in Figure 0(c), or similar devices that fit within the envelope given by Figure 0(c).

6.3.4.2. ISOFIX top tether strap features

The ISOFIX top tether strap shall be supported by webbing (or its equivalent), having a provision for adjustment and release of tension.

6.3.4.2.1. ISOFIX Top tether strap length

ISOFIX Child Restraint System top tether strap length shall be at least 2,000 mm.

6.3.4.2.2. No-slack indicator

The ISOFIX top tether strap or the ISOFIX Child Restraint System shall be equipped with a device that will indicate that all slack has been removed from the strap. The device may be part of an adjustment and tension relieving device.

6.3.4.2.3. Dimensions

Engagement dimensions for ISOFIX top tether hooks are shown in Figure 0(c).

Figure 0(c)

ISOFIX top tether connector (hook type) dimensions

6.3.5. i-Size Child Restraint System support-leg and support-leg foot requirements

i-Size Child Restraint Systems fitted with support-legs must comply in all positions of use (e.g. in case of length adjustable attachment, base, etc. the shortest and longest position) with the geometrical provisions defined in this paragraph and its subparagraphs.

Compliance with the requirements specified in paragraphs 6.3.5.1. and 6.3.5.2. below may be verified by a physical or computer simulation.

The geometrical requirements in paragraphs 6.3.5.1. to 6.3.5.4. below are referenced to a coordinate system, whose origin is located centrally between the two ISOFIX attachments and on the centreline of the corresponding ISOFIX anchorage system.

The orientation of the axes of the coordinate system is referenced to the child restraint fixture(s):

(a) The X′ axis shall be parallel to the Child Restraint Fixture (CRF) (2) bottom surface and in the median longitudinal plane of the CRF;

(b) The Y′ axis shall be perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane;

(c) The Z′ axis shall be perpendicular to the CRF bottom surface.

In fulfilling the requirements of this section, the Child Restraint System shall be installed in accordance with the user manual of the Child Restraint System. The storage position of the support-leg is excluded from these requirements.

6.3.5.1. Support-leg and support-leg foot geometrical requirements

The support leg, including its attachment to the child restraint systems and the support-leg foot shall lie completely within the support leg dimension assessment volume (see also Figures 1 and 2 of Annex 19 of this Regulation), which is defined as follows:

(a) In width by two planes parallel to the X′-Z′ plane separated by 200 mm, and centered around the origin; and

(b) In length by two planes parallel to the Z′-Y′ plane and positioned at distances of 585 mm and 695 mm forward of the origin along the X′ axis; and

(c) In height by a plane parallel to the X′-Y′ plane, positioned at a distance of 70 mm above the origin and measured perpendicular to the X′-Y′ plane. Rigid, non-adjustable parts of the support leg shall not extend beyond a plane parallel to the X′-Y′ plane, positioned at a distance of 285 mm below the origin and perpendicular to the X′-Y′ plane.

6.3.5.2. Support-leg foot adjustability requirements

The support-leg shall be adjustable in order to ensure that the support-leg foot can be positioned throughout the height range of the support-leg foot assessment volume as specified below (see also Figures 3 and 4 of Annex 19 to this Regulation). Where incremental adjustment is provided, the step between two locked positions shall not exceed 20 mm.

The support leg foot assessment volume is defined as follows:

(a) In width by two planes parallel to the X′-Z′ plane, separated by 200 mm, and centered around the origin; and

(b) In length by two planes parallel to the Z′-Y′ plane and positioned at distances of 585 mm and 695 mm forward of the origin along the X′ axis; and

(c) In height by two planes parallel to the X′-Y′ plane positioned at distances of 285 mm and 540 mm below the origin along the X′ axis.

It shall be permissible for the support-leg to be adjustable beyond the height limits in the Z′ direction (as indicated by key 6 in figure 3 of Annex 19), providing that no parts extend beyond the limiting planes in the X′ and Y′ directions.

6.3.5.3. Support-leg foot dimensions

The dimensions of the support-leg foot shall meet the following requirements:

(a) Minimum support-leg contact surface shall be 2 500 mm2, measured as a projected surface 10 mm above the lower edge of the support-leg foot (see Figure 0(d));

(b) Minimum outside dimensions shall be 30 mm in the X′ and Y′ directions, with maximum dimensions being limited by the support-leg foot assessment volume;

(c) Minimum radius of the edges of the support-leg foot shall be 3,2 mm.

Figure 0(d)

6.3.5.4. Support-leg foot jig

A jig shall be used to check that the support-leg foot meets the requirements defined in paragraph 6.3.5.2. above (see Figure 0(e)). As an alternative a computer simulation shall also be considered satisfactory.

The jig is defined as the ISOFIX CRF corresponding to the size class of the child restraint. The jig is expanded with two 6 mm diameter ISOFIX low anchorages. The striped box positioned in front of the jig is positioned and sized according paragraph 6.3.5.2. above. The CRS shall have its attachments latched when conducting the assessment.

Figure 0(e)

6.4. Control of markings

6.4.1. The Technical Service conducting the approval tests shall verify that the markings conform to the requirements of paragraph 4. of this Regulation.

6.5. Control of instructions on installation and the instructions for use

6.5.1. The Technical Service conducting the approval tests shall verify that the instructions on installation and the instructions for use conform to paragraph 14. of this Regulation.

6.6. Provisions applicable to the assembled Child Restraint System

6.6.1. Resistance to corrosion

6.6.1.1. A complete Child Restraint System, or the parts thereof that are liable to corrosion, shall be subject to the corrosion test specified in paragraph 7.1.1. below.

6.6.1.2. After the corrosion test as prescribed in paragraphs 7.1.1.1. and 7.1.1.2. below, no signs of deterioration likely to impair the proper functioning of the Child Restraint System, and no significant corrosion, shall be visible to the unaided eye of a qualified observer.

6.6.2. Energy absorption

6.6.2.1. For all devices with backrests, the areas defined in Annex 14 to this Regulation, when tested according to Annex 13, shall give a peak acceleration of less than 60 g. This requirement applies also to areas of impact shields which are in the head strike area.

6.6.2.2. In the case of Child Restraint Systems with permanent mechanically attached adjustable head support devices, in which the height of either the adult safety belt or of the child harness is directly controlled by the adjustable head support, it is not necessary to demand energy absorption in areas as defined in Annex 18, which are not contactable by the manikin’s head, i.e. behind the head support.

6.6.3. Overturning

6.6.3.1. The Child Restraint System shall be tested as prescribed in paragraph 7.1.2.; at no point during the whole test shall the manikin be fully ejected from the device. In addition when the test seat is in the upside down position, the dummy’s head shall not move more than 300 mm from its original position in a vertical direction relative to the test seat.

6.6.4. Dynamic test

6.6.4.1. General: the Child Restraint System shall be subjected to dynamic tests, in accordance with Table 2, in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3. below:

Table 2

Application of different criteria depending of test set up

Frontal impact Rear impact Lateral impact Test on trolley+ standard seat Test in car body Test on trolley+ standard seat Test in car body Test on trolley+ standard seat Forward facing Rearward and lateral facing Forward facing Rearward and lateral facing Rearward and lateral facing Rearward and lateral facing Forward facing Rearward and lateral facing Note 1: Standard seat means test seat or test bench Note 2: For lateral facing child restraint systems in lateral impact, if two positions are possible, then the dummy’s head shall be situated near the side door.

6.6.4.1.1. i-Size category Child Restraint Systems shall be tested on the test trolley by means of the test seat prescribed in Annex 6, and in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3.1. below.

6.6.4.1.2. Child Restraint Systems of the "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" category shall be tested with each vehicle model for which the Child Restraint System is intended. The Technical Service responsible for conducting the test may reduce the number of vehicle models tested if they do not differ greatly in the aspects listed in paragraph 6.6.4.1.2.3. of this Regulation. The Child Restraint System may be tested in one of the following ways:

6.6.4.1.2.1. Child Restraint System according to paragraph 2.5. and in conformity with paragraph 6.3. of this Regulation and which fit in an envelope defined in Regulation No. 16, Annex 17, Appendix 2, on the test trolley by means of the test bench prescribed in Annex 6 and in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3.1. of this Regulation or in a vehicle body shell in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3.2. of this Regulation.

6.6.4.1.2.2. For Child Restraint System which are not according to paragraph 2.5. and in conformity with paragraph 6.3. of this Regulation (for example CRS using no anti-rotation device or using additional anchorages) or do not fit in any envelope defined in Regulation No. 16, Annex 17, Appendix 2 on the test trolley in a vehicle body shell in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3.2. or in a complete vehicle in conformity with paragraph 7.1.3.3. of this Regulation.

6.6.4.1.2.3. Using sufficient parts of the vehicle body shell to be representative of the vehicle structure and impact surfaces. If the Child Restraint System is intended for use in the rear seat, these shall include the back of the front seat, the rear seat, the floor pan, the B and C pillars and the roof. If the Child Restraint System is intended for use in the front seat, the parts shall include the dashboard, the A pillars, the windscreen, any levers or knobs installed in the floor or on a console, the front seat, the floor pan and the roof. The Technical Service responsible for conducting the test may permit items to be excluded if they are found to be superfluous. Testing shall be as prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3.2. of this Regulation, except for lateral impact.

6.6.4.1.3. The dynamic test shall be performed on Child Restraint Systems which have not previously been under load.

6.6.4.1.4. If an "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint System is installed in the area behind the rearmost forward facing adult seat positions (for example, the luggage area), one test with the largest dummy/dummies, as allowed by the Child Restraint System, on a complete vehicle as prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3.3. of this Regulation shall be performed. The other tests, including the conformity of production, may be done as prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3.2. of this Regulation, at the request of the manufacturer.

6.6.4.1.5. In the case of a "Special Needs Restraint" every dynamic test specified by this Regulation for the range of size specified by the manufacturer shall be performed twice: first, using the primary means of restraint and second, with all restraining devices in use. In these tests, special attention shall be given to the requirements in paragraphs 6.2.1.5. and 6.2.1.6. of this Regulation.

6.6.4.1.6. In the case of Child Restraint System making use of an anti-rotation device, the dynamic test shall be carried out as follows:

6.6.4.1.6.1. With the anti-rotation device in use, and

6.6.4.1.6.2. Without the anti-rotation device in use, unless a mechanism is provided to prevent incorrect use of the anti-rotation device.

6.6.4.2. During the dynamic tests, no part of the Child Restraint System affecting the restraint of the occupant shall fully or partially fracture, and no buckle, locking system or displacement system shall release or unlock. The only exception is where such parts or systems are identified as having a load limiting function in the manufacturer’s technical description, as defined in paragraph 3.2.1. of this Regulation, and they comply with the following criteria:

6.6.4.2.1. Perform as predicted by the manufacturer.

6.6.4.2.2. Do not compromise the ability of the Child Restraint System to protect the occupant.

6.6.4.3. Dummy criteria for frontal and rear impact.

6.6.4.3.1. Injury assessment criteria for frontal and rear impact as in Table 3.

Table 3

Criterion Abbreviation Unit Q0 Q1 Q1,5 Q3 Q6 Head performance criterion (only in case of contact during in-vehicle testing) HPC (3) (15) 600 600 600 800 800 Head acceleration 3 ms A head 3 ms g 75 75 75 80 80 Upper neck tension Force Fz N For monitoring purpose only (4) Upper neck flexion moment My Nm For monitoring purpose only (5) Chest acceleration 3 ms A chest 3 ms g 55 55 55 55 55

6.6.4.4. Dummy’s head displacement for frontal and rear impact

6.6.4.4.1. Child Restraint Systems of i-Size category:

6.6.4.4.1.1. Forward facing Child Restraint Systems

Head excursion: No part of the head of the dummy shall pass beyond the planes BA, DA and DE as defined in Figure 1 below. This shall be judged up to 300 ms or the moment that the dummy has come to a definitive standstill whatever occurs first.

6.6.4.4.1.1.1. Where a test is conducted in accordance with paragraph 6.6.4.1.6.2. above, a tolerance of + 10 per cent shall be applicable to the head excursion value distance between Cr point and plane AB

Figure 1

Arrangement for testing a forward-facing device

Dimensions in mm

6.6.4.4.1.2. Rearward-facing Child Restraint Systems and carrycots:

6.6.4.4.1.2.1. Head excursion: no part of the head of the dummy shall pass beyond the planes FD, FG and DE, as shown in Figure 2 below. This shall be judged up to 300 ms or the moment that the dummy has come to a definitive standstill whatever occurs first. In the case there is a contact of such a Child Restraint System with the 100 mm diameter bar and all injury assessment and dummy’s head displacement criteria are met, there shall be one further dynamic test (front impact) with the heaviest dummy intended for the given range of size indication and without the 100 mm diameter bar; the requirements for this test are that all criteria other than forward displacement shall be met. Where a test is conducted in accordance with paragraph 6.6.4.1.6.2. above, only the second configuration without 100 mm diameter bar will be considered.

Figure 2

Arrangement for testing a rearward-facing device, not supported by the dashboard

6.6.4.4.2. When Child Restraint Systems of the "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" category are tested in a complete vehicle or a vehicle body shell, the head performance criterion (HPC) and the Head Acceleration 3 ms shall be used as assessment criteria. Where there is no head contact, these criteria shall be satisfied without measurement, and recorded only as "No Head Contact". After a test, using a complete vehicle, it shall be possible to remove the fully assembled dummy from the Child Restraint System without the use of mechanical leverage, or the use of tools on the Child Restraint System or vehicle structure.

6.6.4.4.3 During the dynamic tests, no part of the Child Restraint System restraining the child in position shall fail. This includes buckles, locking systems and reclining systems, except where identified as a load limiting device. Any load limiting device shall be identified in the manufacturers’ technical descriptions as defined in paragraph 3.2.1. of this Regulation.

6.6.4.5. Dummy criteria for lateral impact for forward and rearward facing Child Restraint System.

6.6.4.5.1. Main injury assessment criterion — Head containment

During the loading phase of lateral impact testing, up to 80 ms, side protection shall always be positioned at the level at the dummy’s head centre of gravity perpendicular to the direction of the door intrusion. Head containment will be assessed by the following criteria:

(a) No head contact with the door panel;

(b) Head shall not exceed a vertical plane identified by a red line on top of the door (top view camera). This vertical plane is identified by a line on the impacted door as defined in Annex 6, Appendix 3, Figure 1.

6.6.4.5.2. Additional Injury assessment criteria for lateral impact

Criterion Abbreviation Unit Q0 Q1 Q1,5 Q3 Q6 Head performance criterion HPC (15) 600 600 600 800 800 Head acceleration 3 ms A head 3 ms g 75 75 75 80 80 Upper neck tension force Fz N For monitoring purpose only (6) Upper neck flexion moment Mx Nm For monitoring purpose only (7)

6.6.5. Resistance to temperature

6.6.5.1. Buckle assemblies, retractors, adjusters and lock-off devices that are liable to be affected by temperature, shall be subject to the temperature test specified in paragraph 7.2.7. below.

6.6.5.2. After the temperature test as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.7.1. below, no signs of deterioration likely to impair the proper functioning of the restraint of the child, shall be visible to the unaided eye of a qualified observer. The dynamic tests should then be performed.

6.7. Provisions applicable to individual components of the restraint

6.7.1. Buckle

6.7.1.1. The buckle shall be so designed as to preclude any possibility of incorrect manipulation. This means, inter/alia, that it shall not be possible for the buckle to be left in a partially closed position; it shall not be possible to exchange the buckle parts inadvertently when the buckle is being locked; the buckle shall only lock when all parts are engaged. Wherever the buckle is in contact with the child, it shall not be narrower than the minimum width of strap as specified in paragraph 6.7.4.1.1. below. This paragraph is not applicable to belt assemblies already approved according to Regulation No. 16 or any equivalent standard in force. In the case of a "Special Needs Restraint" only the buckle on the primary means of restraint need comply with the requirements of paragraphs 6.7.1.2. to 6.7.1.8. inclusive.

6.7.1.2. The buckle, even when not under tension, shall remain closed whatever its position. It shall be easy to operate and to grasp. It shall be possible to open it by pressure on a button or on a similar device.

The surface to which this pressure shall be applied shall have, in the position of actual unlocking and when projected into a plane perpendicular to the button's initial direction of motion:

(a) For enclosed devices, an area of not less than 4,5 cm2 with a width of not less than 15 mm;

(b) For non-enclosed devices, an area of 2,5 cm2 and a width of not less than 10 mm. The width shall be the smaller of the two dimensions forming the prescribed area and shall be measured rectangular to the direction of movement of the release button.

6.7.1.3. The buckle release area shall be coloured red. No other part of the buckle shall be of this colour.

6.7.1.4. It shall be possible to release the child from the restraint by a single operation on a single buckle. It is allowed to remove the child together with devices such as infant carrier/carry-cot/carry-cot restraints if the Child Restraint System can be released by operation of a maximum of two release buttons.

6.7.1.4.1. Shoulder strap positioner

If a shoulder strap positioner is provided, it shall be designed so as to prevent incorrect manipulation. It shall not be possible to use the device in a manner which would cause the shoulder straps to twist. It shall be possible to fasten the device in no more than one action. The force required to fasten the device shall not exceed 15 N.

6.7.1.4.2. The shoulder strap positioner shall be easy to operate and to grasp. It shall be possible to open it in one simple action, but it shall be difficult for the child occupant to manipulate the release mechanism. The force required to release the device shall not exceed 15 N.

6.7.1.4.3. The shoulder strap positioner shall not exceed 60 mm in height.

6.7.1.5. Opening of the buckle shall enable the child to be removed independently of the "chair", "chair support" or "impact shield", if fitted, and if the device includes a crotch strap the crotch strap shall be released by operation of the same buckle.

6.7.1.6. The buckle shall be capable of withstanding the temperature test operation requirements given in paragraph 7.2.7. below and repeated operation, and shall, before the dynamic test prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3. below undergo a test comprising 5 000 ± 5 opening and closing cycles under normal conditions for use.

6.7.1.7. The buckle shall be subjected to the following tests of opening:

6.7.1.7.1. Test under load

6.7.1.7.1.1. A Child Restraint System having already undergone the dynamic test prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3. below shall be used for this test.

6.7.1.7.1.2. The force required to open the buckle in the test prescribed in paragraph 7.2.1.1. below shall not exceed 80 N.

6.7.1.7.2. No-load test

6.7.1.7.2.1. A buckle which has not previously been subjected to a load shall be used for this test. The force needed to open the buckle when it is not under load shall be in the range of 40–80 N in the tests prescribed in paragraph 7.2.1.2. below

6.7.1.8. Strength

6.7.1.8.1. During the test in accordance with paragraph 7.2.1.3.2. below no part of the buckle or the adjacent straps or adjusters shall break or be detached.

6.7.1.8.2. Depending of the mass limit declared by the manufacturer, a harness buckle shall withstand:

6.7.1.8.2.1. 4 kN, if the mass limit is less or equal to 13 kg;

6.7.1.8.2.2. 10 kN, if the mass limit is greater than 13 kg.

6.7.1.8.3. The Type Approval Authority may dispense with the buckle strength test if information already available renders the test superfluous.

6.7.2. Adjusting device

6.7.2.1. The range of adjustment shall be sufficient to permit correct adjustment of the Child Restraint System with all size for which the device is intended and to permit satisfactory installation in all i-Size compatible vehicles.

6.7.2.2. All adjusting devices shall be of the "quick adjuster" type.

6.7.2.3. Devices of the "quick adjuster" type shall be easy to reach when the Child Restraint System is correctly installed and the child or dummy is in position.

6.7.2.4. A device of the "quick adjuster" type shall be easily adjustable to the child's physique. In particular, in a test performed in accordance with paragraph 7.2.2.1. below, the force required to operate a manual adjusting device shall not exceed 50 N.

6.7.2.5. Two samples of the Child Restraint System adjusting devices shall be tested as prescribed by the temperature test operation requirements given in paragraph 7.2.7.1. and paragraph 7.2.3. below.

6.7.2.5.1. The amount of strap slip shall not exceed 25 mm for one adjusting device or 40 mm for all adjusting devices.

6.7.2.6. The device shall not break or become detached when tested as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.2.1. below.

6.7.2.7. An adjuster mounted directly on the Child Restraint System shall be capable of withstanding repeated operation and shall, before the dynamic test prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3. undergo a test comprising 5 000 ± 5 cycles as specified in paragraph 7.2.3.

6.7.3. Retractors

6.7.3.1. Automatically-locking retractors

6.7.3.1.1. The strap equipped with an automatically-locking retractor shall not unwind by more than 30 mm between locking positions of the retractor. After a rearward movement of the wearer the strap shall either remain in its initial position or return to that position automatically on subsequent forward movement of the wearer.

6.7.3.1.2. If the retractor is part of a lap belt, the retracting force of the strap shall be not less than 7 N as measured in the free length between the dummy and the retractor as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.4.1. below. If the retractor is part of a chest restraint, the retracting force of the strap shall be not less than 2 N or more than 7 N as similarly measured. If the strap passes through a guide or pulley, the retracting force shall be measured in the free length between the dummy and the guide or pulley. If the assembly incorporates a device, manually or automatically operated, that prevents the strap from being completely retracted, that device shall not be in operation when these measurements are effected.

6.7.3.1.3. The strap shall be repeatedly withdrawn from the retractor and allowed to retract, in the conditions prescribed in paragraph 7.2.4.2. below, until 5 000 cycles have been completed. The retractor shall then be subjected to the temperature test operation requirements given in paragraph 7.2.7.1. and corrosion test described in paragraph 7.1.1. below and the dust-resistance test described in paragraph 7.2.4.5. below. It shall then satisfactorily complete a further 5 000 cycles of withdrawal and retraction. After the above tests the retractor shall continue to operate correctly and to meet the requirements of paragraphs 6.7.3.1.1. and 6.7.3.1.2. above.

6.7.3.2. Emergency-locking retractors

6.7.3.2.1. An emergency-locking retractor shall when tested as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.4.3. satisfy the conditions below:

6.7.3.2.1.1. It shall be locked when the deceleration of the vehicle reaches 0,45 g;

6.7.3.2.1.2. It shall not lock for strap accelerations of less than 0,8 g as measured in the axis of strap extraction;

6.7.3.2.1.3. It shall not lock when its sensing device is tilted by not more than 12° in any direction from the installation position specified by its manufacturer;

6.7.3.2.1.4. It shall lock when its sensing device is tilted by more than 27° in any direction from the installation position specified by its manufacturer.

6.7.3.2.2. Where the operation of a retractor depends on an external signal or power source, the design shall ensure that the retractor locks automatically upon failure or interruption of that signal or power source.

6.7.3.2.3. A multiple-sensitivity emergency-locking retractor shall meet the requirements set out above. In addition, if one of the sensitivity factors relates to strap extraction, locking shall have occurred at a strap acceleration of 1,5 g as measured in the axis of strap extraction.

6.7.3.2.4. In the tests referred to in paragraphs 6.7.3.2.1.1. and 6.7.3.2.3. above, the amount of strap extraction occurring before the retractor locks shall not exceed 50 mm, starting at the length of unwinding specified in paragraph 7.2.4.3.1. below. In the test referred to in paragraph 6.7.3.2.1.2. above, locking shall not occur during the 50 mm of strap extraction starting at the length of unwinding specified in paragraph 7.2.4.3.1. below.

6.7.3.2.5. If the retractor is part of a lap belt, the retracting force of the strap shall be not less than 7 N as measured in the free length between the dummy and the retractor as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.4.1. below. If the retractor is part of a chest restraint, the retracting force of the strap shall be not less than 2 N or more than 7 N as similarly measured. If the strap passes through a guide or pulley, the retracting force shall be measured in the free length between the dummy and the guide or pulley. If the assembly incorporates a device, manually or automatically operated, that prevents the strap from being completely retracted, that device shall not be in operation when these measurements are effected.

6.7.3.2.6. The strap shall be repeatedly withdrawn from the retractor and allowed to retract, in the conditions prescribed in paragraph 7.2.4.2., until 40 000 cycles have been completed. The retractor shall then be subjected to the temperature test operation requirements given in paragraph 7.2.7. and corrosion test described in paragraph 7.1.1. and to the dust-resistance test described in paragraph 7.2.4.5.

6.7.4. Straps

6.7.4.1. Width

6.7.4.1.1. The minimum width at the child-restraint straps which contact the dummy shall be 25 mm. These dimensions shall be measured during the strap strength test prescribed in paragraph 7.2.5.1. below, without stopping the machine and under a load equal to 75 per cent of the breaking load of the strap.

6.7.4.2. Strength after room conditioning

6.7.4.2.1. On two sample straps conditioned as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.5.2.1., the breaking load of the strap shall be determined as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.5.1.2. below.

6.7.4.2.2. The difference between the breaking loads of the two samples shall not exceed 10 per cent of the greater of the two breaking loads measured.

6.7.4.3. Strength after special conditioning

6.7.4.3.1. On two straps conditioned as prescribed in one of the provisions of paragraph 7.2.5.2. below (except para. 7.2.5.2.1. below), the breaking load of the strap shall be not less than 75 per cent of the average of the loads determined in the test referred to in paragraph 7.2.5.1. below.

6.7.4.3.2. In addition, the breaking load shall be not less than 3,6 kN for the restraints of i-Size Child Restraint Systems.

6.7.4.3.3. The Type Approval Authority may dispense with one or more of these tests if the composition of the material used, or information already available, renders the test or tests superfluous.

6.7.4.3.4. The abrasion conditioning procedure of type 1 defined in paragraph 7.2.5.2.6. below shall only be performed when the microslip test defined in paragraph 7.2.3. below gives a result above 50 per cent of the limit prescribed in paragraph 6.7.2.5.1. above.

6.7.4.4. It shall not be possible to pull the complete strap through any adjusters, buckles or anchoring points.

6.7.5. ISOFIX attachment specifications

"ISOFIX attachments" and latching indicators shall be capable of withstanding repeated operations and shall, before the dynamic test prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3. below, undergo a test comprising 2 000 ± 5 opening and closing cycles under normal conditions of use.

6.7.5.1. ISOFIX attachments and latching indicators shall be capable of withstanding repeated operations and shall, before the dynamic test prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3., undergo a test comprising 2 000 ± 5 opening and closing cycles under normal conditions of use.

6.7.5.2. ISOFIX attachments shall have a locking mechanism which complies with the requirements specified in (a) or (b) as follows: (a) Release of the locking mechanism of the complete seat, shall require two consecutive actions, the first of which should be maintained while the second is carried out; or (b) The ISOFIX attachment opening force shall be at least 50 N when tested as prescribed in paragraph 7.2.8. below.

6.8. Classification

6.8.1. Child Restraint Systems may cover any size range provided that the requirements for the whole range are fulfilled.

7. TESTS

7.1. Tests of the assembled Child Restraint System

7.1.1. Corrosion

7.1.1.1. The metal items of the Child Restraint System shall be positioned in a test chamber as prescribed in Annex 4. In the case of a Child Restraint System incorporating a retractor, the strap shall be unwound to full length less 100 ± 3 mm. Except for short interruptions that may be necessary, for example, to check and replenish the salt solution, the exposure test shall proceed continuously for a period of 50 ± 0,5 hours.

7.1.1.2. On completion of the exposure test the metal items of the Child Restraint System shall be gently washed, or dipped, in clean running water with a temperature not higher than 38 °C to remove any salt deposit that may have formed and then allowed to dry at room temperature of 18 °C to 25 °C for 24 ± 1 hours before inspection in accordance with paragraph 6.6.1.2. above.

7.1.2. Overturning

7.1.2.1. The manikin shall be equipped with either of the load application devices as appropriate, and described in Annex 21. Place the manikin in the restraints installed in accordance with this Regulation and taking into account the manufacturer's instructions and with the standard slack as specified in paragraph 7.1.3.5., applied for all systems identically.

7.1.2.2. The restraint shall be fastened to the test bench or vehicle seat. The whole Child Restraint System shall be rotated around a horizontal axis contained in the median longitudinal plane of the Child Restraint System through an angle of 540° ± 5° at a speed of 2-5 degrees/second and stopped in this position. For the purposes of this test, devices intended for use in specific cars may be attached to the test bench described in Annex 6.

7.1.2.3. At this static inverted position, a mass equivalent to four times that of the dummy shall be applied vertically downwards in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation in addition to the dummy utilizing the load application device described in Annex 21. The load shall be applied in a gradual controlled manner at a rate not exceeding gravitational acceleration or 400 mm/min. Maintain the prescribed maximum load for a duration of 30 – 0/+ 5 seconds.

7.1.2.4. Remove the load at a rate not exceeding 400 mm/min and measure displacement.

7.1.2.5. Rotate the whole seat for 180° to return to the starting position.

7.1.2.6. This test cycle shall be carried out again rotating in the reverse direction. With the rotational axis in the horizontal plane and at 90° to that of the two earlier tests, the procedure shall be repeated in the two directions of rotation.

7.1.2.7. These tests shall be carried out using both the smallest and the largest appropriate dummy of the size range for which the restraining device is intended. Any adjustment of the dummy or Child Restraint Systems during the complete test cycle is not allowed.

7.1.3. Dynamic testing for frontal, rear and lateral impact:

(a) Frontal impact test shall be performed on "i-Size" (Integral Universal ISOFIX Child Restraint Systems) and "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" child restraint systems;

(b) Rear impact test shall be performed on i-Size and "Specific Vehicle ISOFIX" Rearward facing Child Restraint Systems;

(c) Lateral impact test are performed only on the test bench for i-Size Integral Universal ISOFIX Child Restraint Systems and "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" Child Restraint Systems.

7.1.3.1. Tests using the trolley and test bench

7.1.3.1.1. Frontal and rear impact tests

7.1.3.1.1.1. The trolley and test bench used in the dynamic test shall meet the requirements of Annex 6 to this Regulation.

7.1.3.1.1.2. The trolley shall remain horizontal throughout deceleration or acceleration.

7.1.3.1.1.3. The test bench shall be rotated 180° when testing in compliance with the requirements of the rear impact test.

7.1.3.1.1.4. When testing a rearward-facing Child Restraint System intended for use in the front seating position, the vehicle facia shall be represented by a rigid bar attached to the trolley in such a way that all the energy absorption takes place in the Child Restraint System.

7.1.3.1.1.5. Deceleration or acceleration devices

The applicant shall choose to use one of the two following devices:

7.1.3.1.1.5.1. Deceleration test device:

The deceleration of the trolley shall be achieved by using the apparatus prescribed in Annex 6 to this Regulation or any other device giving equivalent results. This apparatus shall be capable of the performance specified in paragraph 7.1.3.4. below and hereafter specified:

Calibration procedure:

The deceleration curve of the trolley, in the case of Child Restraint System tests performed in accordance with paragraph 7.1.3.1. above, ballasted with inert masses up to 55 kg in order to reproduce one occupied Child Restraint System, and in the case of Child Restraint System tests in a vehicle body shell performed in accordance with paragraph 7.1.3.2. below, where the trolley is ballasted with the vehicle structure and inert masses up to (x times) 55 kg reproducing the number of (x) occupied Child Restraint Systems, shall remain, in the case of frontal impact, within the hatched area of the graph in Annex 7, Appendix 1 to this Regulation, and, in the case of rear impact, within the hatched area of the graph in Annex 7, Appendix 2 to this Regulation.

During calibration of the stopping device, the stopping distance shall be 650 ± 30 mm for frontal impact, and 275 ± 20 mm for rear impact.

Dynamic testing conditions during testing:

For frontal and rear impact the deceleration shall be achieved with the apparatus calibrated as stated above, however:

(a) The deceleration curve shall not have a more than 3 ms time duration exceedance of the lower borders of the performance requirements;

(b) If the tests above were performed at a higher speed and/or the deceleration curve has exceeded the upper level of the hatched area and the Child Restraint System meets the requirements, the test shall be considered satisfactory.

7.1.3.1.1.5.2. Acceleration test device

Dynamic testing conditions:

For frontal impact, the trolley shall be so propelled that, during the test, its total velocity change ΔV is 52 + 0 – 2 km/h and its acceleration curve is within the hatched area of the graph in Annex 7, Appendix 1 and stay above the segment defined by the coordinates (5 g, 10 ms) and (9 g, 20 ms). The start of the impact (T0) is defined, according to ISO 17 373 for a level of acceleration of 0,5 g.

For rear impact, the trolley shall be so propelled that, during the test, its total velocity change ΔV is 32 + 2 - 0 km/h and its acceleration curve is within the hatched area of the graph in Annex 7, Appendix 2 and stay above the segment defined by the coordinates (5 g, 5 ms) and (10 g, 10 ms). The start of the impact (T0) is defined, according to ISO 17 373 for a level of acceleration of 0,5 g.

Despite the fulfilment of the above requirements, the Technical Service shall use a mass of trolley (equipped with its test bench), as specified in paragraph 1. of Annex 6, superior to 380 kg.

However, if the tests above were performed at a higher speed and/or the acceleration curve has exceeded the upper level of the hatched area and the Child Restraint System meets the requirements, the test shall be considered satisfactory.

7.1.3.1.1.6. The following measurements shall be made:

7.1.3.1.1.6.1. The trolley speed immediately before impact (only for deceleration sleds, needed for stopping distance calculation);

7.1.3.1.1.6.2. The stopping distance (only for deceleration sleds), which may be calculated by double integration of the recorded sled deceleration;

7.1.3.1.1.6.3. The displacement of the dummy's head in the vertical and horizontal direction of the tests with all Q-dummies necessary for the given i-Size indication for at least the first 300 ms;

7.1.3.1.1.6.4. The parameters required to perform the injury assessment against the criteria as mentioned in paragraph 6.6.4.3.1. above for at least the first 300 ms;

7.1.3.1.1.6.5. The trolley acceleration or deceleration for at least the first 300 ms.

7.1.3.1.1.7. After impact, the Child Restraint System shall be inspected visually, without opening the buckle, to determine whether there has been any failure or breakage.

7.1.3.1.2. Rear impact

7.1.3.1.2.1. The test seat shall be rotated 180° when testing its compliance with the requirements of the rear impact test.

7.1.3.1.2.2. When testing a rearward-facing child restraint intended for use in the front seating position, the vehicle facia shall be represented by a rigid bar attached to the trolley in such a way that all the energy absorption takes place in the child restraint.

7.1.3.1.2.3. The deceleration conditions shall satisfy the requirements of Annex 7, Appendix 2.

The acceleration conditions shall satisfy the requirements of Annex 7, Appendix 2.

7.1.3.1.2.4. The measurements to be made shall be similar to those listed in paragraphs 7.1.3.1.1.4. to 7.1.3.1.1.5. above.

7.1.3.1.3. Lateral impact

7.1.3.1.3.1. The test bench shall be rotated 90° when testing in compliance with the requirements of the lateral impact test.

7.1.3.1.3.2. The lower ISOFIX anchorages should be movable in the Y direction to avoid damage of the attachments and test equipment. The ISOFIX anchorages shall be fixed to a sliding system allowing a movement of 200 mm – 0 mm + 50 mm.

7.1.3.1.3.3. The lateral impact loading to the CRS shall be generated by a door panel as defined in Annex 6, Appendix 3. The surface of the panel shall be covered with padding as specified in Annex 6, Appendix 3.

7.1.3.1.3.4. The test rig shall reproduce a relative velocity between the door panel and the test bench in compliance with Annex 7 Appendix 3. The maximum intrusion depth of the door panel is defined in Annex 6 Appendix 3. The relative velocity between the door panel and the test bench shall not be affected by contact with the CRS and shall remain within the corridor defined in Annex 7, Appendix 3. In a test where the door is stationary at time t0, the door shall be fixed and the dummy's ground velocity at t0 shall be between 6,375 m/s and 7,25 m/s. In a test where the door is moving at t0, the door's ground velocity shall remain within the corridor defined in Annex 7, Appendix 3 at least until its intrusion reaches its maximum, and the dummy shall be stationary at t0.

7.1.3.1.3.5. The CRS shall be tested in its most upright position.

7.1.3.1.3.6. At time t0 defined Annex 7, Appendix 3, the dummy shall be in its initial position as defined in paragraph 7.1.3.5.2.1. below.

7.1.3.2. Test on trolley and vehicle body shell

7.1.3.2.1. For frontal impact tests

7.1.3.2.1.1. The method used to secure the vehicle during the test shall not be such as to strengthen the anchorages of the vehicle seats, adult safety belts and any additional anchorages required to secure the child restraint or to lessen the normal deformation of the structure. No part of the vehicle shall be present which, by limiting the movement of the dummy, would reduce the load imposed on the child restraint during the test. The parts of the structure eliminated may be replaced by parts of equivalent strength, provided they do not hinder the movement of the dummy.

7.1.3.2.1.2. A securing device shall be regarded as satisfactory if it produces no effect on an area extending over the whole width of the structure and if the vehicle or structure is blocked or fixed in front at a distance of not less than 500 mm from the anchorage of the restraint system. At the rear the structure shall be secured at a sufficient distance behind the anchorages to ensure that all requirements of paragraph 7.1.3.2.1.1. above are fulfilled.

7.1.3.2.1.3. The vehicle seat and Child Restraint System shall be fitted and placed in a position chosen by the Technical Service conducting the approval tests to give the most adverse conditions in respect of strength, compatible with installation of the dummy in the vehicle. The position of the vehicle seat-back and Child Restraint System shall be stated in the report. The vehicle seat-back, if adjustable for inclination, shall be locked as specified by the manufacturer or, in the absence of any specification, at an actual seat-back angle as near as possible to 25°.

7.1.3.2.1.4. Unless the instructions for fitting and use require otherwise, the front seat shall be placed in the most forward normally used position for child restraints intended for use in the front seating position, and in the rearmost normally used position for child restraints intended for use in the rear seating position.

7.1.3.2.1.5. The deceleration conditions shall satisfy the requirements of paragraph 7.1.3.4. below. The test bench will be the seat of the actual vehicle.

7.1.3.2.1.6. The following measurements shall be made:

7.1.3.2.1.6.1. The trolley speed immediately before impact (only for deceleration sleds, needed for stopping distance calculation);

7.1.3.2.1.6.2. The stopping distance (only for deceleration sleds), which may be calculated by double integration of the recorded sled deceleration;

7.1.3.2.1.6.3. Any contact of the dummy's head with the interior of the vehicle body shell;

7.1.3.2.1.6.4. The parameters required to perform the injury assessment against the criteria as mentioned in paragraph 6.6.4.3.1. above for at least the first 300 ms;

7.1.3.2.1.6.5. The trolley and vehicle body shell acceleration or deceleration for at least the first 300 ms.

7.1.3.2.1.7. After impact, the child restraint shall be inspected visually, without opening the buckle, to determine whether there has been any failure.

7.1.3.2.2. For rear impact tests

7.1.3.2.2.1. The vehicle body shell shall be rotated 180° on the test trolley.

7.1.3.2.2.2. Same requirements as for frontal impact (paras. 7.1.3.2.1.1. to 7.1.3.2.1.5. above) shall apply.

7.1.3.3. When testing with a complete vehicle

7.1.3.3.1. The deceleration conditions shall satisfy the requirements of paragraph 7.1.3.4. below.

7.1.3.3.2. For frontal impact tests the procedure shall be that set out in Annex 9 to this Regulation.

7.1.3.3.3. For rear impact tests the procedure shall be that set out in Annex 10 to this Regulation.

7.1.3.3.4. The following measurements shall be made:

7.1.3.3.4.1. The speed of the vehicle/impactor immediately before impact (only for deceleration sleds, needed for stopping distance calculation);

7.1.3.3.4.2. Any contact of the dummy's head with the interior of the vehicle;

7.1.3.3.4.3. The parameters required to perform the injury assessment against the criteria as mentioned in paragraph 6.6.4.3.1. above for at least the first 300 ms.

7.1.3.3.5. The front seats, if adjustable for inclination, shall be locked as specified by the manufacturer or, in the absence of any specification, at an actual seat-back angle as near as possible to 25°.

7.1.3.3.6. After impact, the child restraint shall be inspected visually, without opening the buckle, to determine whether there has been any failure or breakage.

7.1.3.4. The conditions for dynamic test are summarized in Table 4:

Table 4

Frontal impact Rear impact Lateral impact Test Restraint Speed km/h Test pulse No. Stopping distance during test (mm) Speed km/h Test pulse No. Stopping distance during test (mm) Relative door/bench velocity Stopping distance during test (mm) Maximum intrusion Trolley with test bench Forward Facing 50 + 0 – 2 1 650 ± 50 NA NA NA 3 250 ± 50 Rearward Facing 50 + 0 – 2 1 650 ± 50 30 + 2 – 0 2 275 ± 25 3 250 ± 50 Lateral Facing 50 + 0 – 2 1 650 ± 50 30 + 2 – 0 2 275 ± 25 3 250 ± 50 Test pulse No. 1 – As prescribed in Annex 7 / Appendix 1 – Frontal impact. Test pulse No. 2 – As prescribed in Annex 7 / Appendix 2 – Rear impact. Test velocity corridor curve No. 3 – As prescribed in Annex 7 / Appendix 3 – Lateral impact NA: non-applicable

7.1.3.5. Dynamic test dummies

7.1.3.5.1. The Child Restraint System shall be tested using the dummies prescribed in Annex 8 to this Regulation.

7.1.3.5.2. Installation of the dummy for frontal and rear impacts

7.1.3.5.2.1. Installation of a Child Restraint System on the test bench.

The unoccupied ISOFIX Child Restraint System shall be attached to the ISOFIX anchorage system.

Securing the ISOFIX attachments to the ISOFIX lower anchorages shall be permitted to draw the unoccupied Child Restraint System towards those anchorages.

An additional force of 135 +/– 15N shall be applied in a plane parallel to the surface of the test seat cushion. The force shall be applied along the centre line of the Child Restraint System and at a height no more than 100 mm above the cushion.

If present, the top tether shall be adjusted to achieve a tension load of 50 +/– 5N. Alternatively, and if present, the support-leg shall be adjusted according to the child restraint system manufacturer's instructions.

The Child Restraint System centre line shall be aligned with the centre line of the test bench.

The dummy shall be placed in the Child Restraint System separate from the seat-back of the chair by a flexible spacer. The spacer shall be 2,5 cm thick and 6 cm wide. It shall have length equal to the shoulder height less the thigh height, both in the sitting position and relevant to the dummy size being tested. The resulting height of the spacer is listed in the table below for the different dummy sizes. The board should follow as closely as possible the curvature of the chair and its lower end should be at the height of the dummy's hip joint.

Q0 Q1 Q1,5 Q3 Q6 Q10 (design targets) Dimensions in mm Height of spacer device for positioning of dummy 229 ± 2 237 ± 2 250 ± 2 270 ± 2 359 ± 2

Adjust the belt in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, but to a tension of 250 ± 25 N above the adjuster force, with a deflection angle of the strap at the adjuster of 45 ± 5°, or alternatively, the angle prescribed by the manufacturer.

The spacer shall then be removed and the dummy pushed towards to the seat back. Distribute the slack evenly throughout the harness.

The longitudinal plane passing through the centre line of the dummy shall be set midway between the two lower belt anchorages, however note shall also be taken of paragraph 7.1.3.2.1.3. above.

After installation, the dummy position shall be adjusted so that:

The dummy centre line and the Child Restraint System centre line shall be aligned exactly with the centre line of the test bench.

The arms of the dummy shall be positioned symmetrically. Elbows shall be positioned in such a way that the upper arms are closely aligned with the sternum.

Hands shall be positioned on the thighs.

Legs shall be positioned parallel to one another or at least symmetrically.

For lateral impact, positive measures shall be taken to ensure the stability of the dummy is maintained until t0 and this shall be confirmed using video analysis. Any means used to stabilise the dummy before t0 shall not influence the dummy kinematics after t0.

Because the foam of the test bench seat cushion will compress after installation of the Child Restraint System, the dynamic test shall be conducted no more than 10 minutes after installation.

To allow the test bench seat cushion to recover, the minimum period between two tests using the same test bench seat cushion shall be 20 minutes.

Example for arm alignment:

7.1.3.6. i-Size indication

The dynamic tests shall be conducted with the largest dummy and the smallest dummy as defined in the following tables according to the size range indicated by the manufacturer for the Child Restraint System.

Table 6

Selection criteria for the dummy according to the range

Size range indication ≤ 60 60 < × ≤ 75 75 < × ≤ 87 87 < × ≤ 105 105 < × ≤ 125 > 125 Dummy Q0 Q1 Q1,5 Q3 Q6 Q10

Where the Child Restraint System requires substantial modification for different sizes (e.g., convertible Child Restraint System) or if the size range cover more than 3 size ranges a relevant intermediate dummy(ies) shall be tested in addition to the dummy(ies) defined above.

7.1.3.6.1. If the Child Restraint System is designed for two or more children, one test shall be carried out with the heaviest dummies occupying all seating positions. A second test with the lightest and the heaviest dummies specified above shall be carried out. The tests shall be conducted using the test bench as shown in Annex 6, Appendix 3, Figure 3. The laboratory conducting the tests may, if it deems it advisable, add a third test with any combination of dummies or empty seat positions.

7.1.3.6.2. If the i-Size Child Restraint System uses a top tether, one test shall be carried out with the smallest dummy with the shorter distance of the top tether (anchorage point G1). A second test shall be carried out with the heavier dummy with the longer distance of the top tether (anchorage point G2). Adjust the top tether to achieve a tension load of 50 ± 5 N. For side lateral impact the ISOFIX child restraint shall be tested with only the shorter distance of the top tether.

7.1.3.6.3. If the i-Size Child Restraint System uses a support-leg, as an anti-rotation device the hereafter mentioned dynamic tests shall be carried out as follows:

(a) The tests for frontal impact shall be conducted with the support-leg adjusted to its maximum adjustment compatible with the positioning of the trolley floor pan. The tests for rear impact shall be conducted with the worst case position selected by the Technical Service. During the tests the support-leg shall be supported by the trolley floor pan as described in Annex 6, Appendix 3, Figure 2;

(b) In the case of support-legs out of the plane of symmetry, the worst case shall be selected by the Technical Service for the test;

(c) In the case of "Specific vehicle ISOFIX" category, the support-leg shall be adjusted as specified by the Child Restraint System manufacturer;

(d) The leg length of a support-leg shall be adjustable in such a way that it is able to cover the complete span of floor pan levels that are allowed for in Regulation No. 16, Annex 17 for car seats to be approved for the installation i-Size Child Restraints Systems.

7.1.3.6.4. The test specified in paragraph 6.6.4.1.6.2. above is a requirement only for the largest dummy for which the child restraint is designed.

7.2. Testing of individual components

7.2.1. Buckle

7.2.1.1. Opening test under load

7.2.1.1.1. A child restraint already having been subjected to the dynamic test specified in paragraph 7.1.3. above shall be used for this test.

7.2.1.1.2. The child restraint shall be removed from the test trolley or the vehicle without opening the buckle. A tension of 200 ± 2 N shall be applied to the buckle. If the buckle is attached to a rigid part, the force shall be applied reproducing the angle formed between the buckle and that rigid part during the dynamic test.

7.2.1.1.3. A load shall be applied at a speed of 400 ± 20 mm/min to the geometric centre of the buckle-release button along a fixed axis running parallel to the initial direction of motion of the button; the geometric centre applies to that part of the surface of the buckle to which the release pressure is to be applied. The buckle shall be secured against a rigid support during the application of the opening force.

7.2.1.1.4. The buckle opening force shall be applied, using a dynamometer or similar device in the manner and direction of normal use. The contact end shall be a polished metal hemisphere with radius 2,5 ± 0,1 mm.

7.2.1.1.5. The buckle opening force shall be measured and any failure noted.

7.2.1.2. Opening test under zero load

7.2.1.2.1. A buckle assembly which has not previously been subjected to a load shall be mounted and positioned under a "no load" condition.

7.2.1.2.2. The method of measuring the buckle opening force shall be as prescribed in paragraphs 7.2.1.1.3. and 7.2.1.1.4. above.

7.2.1.2.3. The buckle opening force shall be measured.

7.2.1.3. Strength testing

7.2.1.3.1. For the strength test two samples have to be used. All adjusters, except for adjusters mounted directly on a child restraint are included in the test.

7.2.1.3.2. Annex 16 shows a typical device for a buckle strength test. The buckle is placed on the upper round plate (A) within the relief. All adjacent straps have a length of at least 250 mm and are arranged hanging down from the upper plate respective to their position at the buckle. The free strap ends are then wound round the lower round plate (B) until they come out at the plate's inner opening. All straps have to be vertical between A and B. The round clamping plate (C) is then lightly clamped against the lower face of (B), still allowing a certain strap movement between them. With a small force at the tensile machine the straps are tensioned and pulled between (B) and (C) until all straps are loaded respective to their arrangement. The buckle shall stay free from plate (A) or any parts at (A) during this operation and the test itself. (B) and (C) are then clamped firmly together and the tensile force is increased at a traverse speed of 100 ± 20 mm/min until the required values are reached.

7.2.2. Adjusting device

7.2.2.1. Ease of adjustment

7.2.2.1.1. When testing a manual adjusting device, the strap shall be drawn steadily through the adjusting device, having regard for the normal conditions of use, at a rate of 100 ± 20 mm/min and the maximum force measured to the nearest integer value of N after the first 25 ± 5 mm of strap movement.

7.2.2.1.2. The test shall be carried out in both directions of strap travel through the device, the strap being subjected to the full travel cycle 10 times prior to the measurement.

7.2.3. Microslip test (see Annex 5, Figure 3)

7.2.3.1. The components or devices to be subjected to the microslip test shall be kept for a minimum of 24 hours before testing in an atmosphere having a temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 5 per cent. The test shall be carried out at a temperature between 15 °C and 30 °C.

7.2.3.2. The free end of the strap shall be arranged in the same configuration as when the device is in use in the vehicle, and shall not be attached to any other part.

7.2.3.3. The adjusting device shall be placed on a vertical piece of strap one end of which bears a load of 50 ± 0,5 N (guided in a manner which prevents the load from swinging and the strap from twisting). The free end of the strap from the adjusting device shall be mounted vertically upwards or downwards as it is in the vehicle. The other end shall pass over a deflector roller with its horizontal axis parallel to the plane of the section of strap supporting the load, the section passing over the roller being horizontal.

7.2.3.4. The device being tested shall be arranged in such a way that its centre, in the highest position to which it can be raised, is 300 ± 5 mm from a support table, and the load of 50 N shall be 100 ± 5 mm from that support table.

7.2.3.5. 20 ± 2 pre-test cycles shall then be completed and 1 000 ± 5 cycles shall then be completed at a frequency of 30 ± 10 cycles per minute, the total amplitude being 300 ± 20 mm or as specified in paragraph 7.2.5.2.6.2. above. The 50 N load shall be applied only during the time corresponding to a shift of 100 ± 20 mm for each half period. Microslip shall be measured from the position at the end of the 20 pre-test cycles.

7.2.4. Retractor

7.2.4.1. Retracting force

7.2.4.1.1. The retracting forces shall be measured with the safety belt assembly, fitted to a dummy as for the dynamic test prescribed in paragraph 7.1.3. above. The strap tension shall be measured at the point of contact with (but just clear of) the dummy while the strap is being retracted at the approximate rate of 0,6 m/min.

7.2.4.2. Durability of retractor mechanism

7.2.4.2.1. The strap shall be withdrawn and allowed to retract for the required number of cycles at a rate of not more than 30 cycles per minute. In the case of emergency-locking retractors, a jolt to lock the retractor shall be introduced at each fifth cycle. The jolts occur in equal numbers at each of five different extractions, namely, 90, 80, 75, 70 and 65 per cent of the total length of the strap on the retractor. However, where the length of the strap exceeds 900 mm the above percentage shall be related to the final 900 mm of strap which can be withdrawn from the retractor.

7.2.4.3. Locking of emergency-locking retractors

7.2.4.3.1. The retractor shall be tested once for locking, when the strap has been unwound to its full length less 300 ± 3 mm.

7.2.4.3.2. In the case of a retractor actuated by strap movement, the extraction shall be in the direction in which it normally occurs when the retractor is installed in a vehicle.

7.2.4.3.3. When retractors are being tested for sensitivity to vehicle accelerations, they shall be tested at the above extraction length in both directions along two mutually perpendicular axes which are horizontal if the retractors are to be installed in a vehicle as specified by the child restraint manufacturer. When this position is not specified, the testing authority shall consult the child restraint manufacturer. One of these test directions shall be chosen by the Technical Service conducting the approval tests to give the most adverse conditions with respect to actuation of the locking mechanism.

7.2.4.3.4. The design of the apparatus used shall be such that the required acceleration is given at an average rate of increase of acceleration of at least 25 g/s (8).

7.2.4.3.5. For testing compliance with the requirements of paragraphs 6.7.3.2.1.3. and 6.7.3.2.1.4. above the retractor shall be mounted on a horizontal table and the table tilted at a speed not exceeding 2° per second until locking has occurred. The test shall be repeated with tilting in other directions to ensure that the requirements are fulfilled.

7.2.4.4. Corrosion testing

7.2.4.4.1. The corrosion testing shall be carried out as paragraph 7.1.1. above.

7.2.4.5. Dust resistance testing

7.2.4.5.1. The retractor shall be positioned in a test chamber as described in Annex 3 to this Regulation. It shall be mounted in an orientation similar to that in which it is mounted in the vehicle. The test chamber shall contain dust as specified in paragraph 7.2.4.5.2. below. A length of 500 mm of the strap sha