Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at:

http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html

Regulation No 136 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles of category L with regard to specific requirements for the electric power train [2019/1120]

Incorporating all valid text up to:

Original version of the Regulation — Date of entry into force: 20 January 2016

CONTENTS

REGULATION

1. Scope

2. Definitions

3. Application for approval

4. Approval

5. Part I: Requirements of a vehicle with regard to its electrical safety

6. Part II: Requirements of a Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System (REESS) with regard to its safety

7. Modifications and extension of the type approval

8. Conformity of production

9. Penalties for non-conformity of production

10. Production definitively discontinued

11. Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of Type Approval Authorities

ANNEXES

1 Part 1 — Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a vehicle type with regard to its electrical safety pursuant to Regulation No 136 Part 2 — Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a REESS type as component/separate technical unit pursuant to Regulation No 136

2 Arrangements of the approval marks

3 Protection against direct contacts of parts under voltage

4A Isolation resistance measurement method for vehicle based tests

4B Isolation resistance measurement method for component based tests of a REESS

5 Confirmation method for function of on-board isolation resistance monitoring system

6 Part 1 — Essential characteristics of road vehicles or systems Part 2 — Essential characteristics of REESS Part 3 — Essential characteristics of road vehicles or systems with chassis connected to electrical circuits

7 Determination of hydrogen emissions during the charge procedures of the REESS

8 REESS test procedures

8A Vibration test

8B Thermal shock and cycling test

8C Mechanical Drop Test for removable REESS

8D Mechanical shock

8E Fire resistance

8F External short circuit protection

8G Overcharge protection

8H Over-discharge protection

8I Over-temperature protection

9A Withstand voltage test

9B Water resistance test

1. SCOPE

This Regulation does not cover post-crash safety requirements of road vehicles.

1.1. Part I: Safety requirements with respect to the electric power train of vehicles of category L (1) with a maximum design speed exceeding 6 km/h, equipped with one or more traction motor(s) operated by electric power and not permanently connected to the grid, as well as their high voltage components and systems which are galvanically connected to the high voltage bus of the electric power train.

1.2. Part II: Safety requirements with respect to the Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System (REESS) of vehicles of category L with a maximum design speed exceeding 6 km/h, equipped with one or more traction motors operated by electric power and not permanently connected to the grid.

Part II of this Regulation does not apply to REESS(s) whose primary use is to supply power for starting the engine and/or lighting and/or other vehicle auxiliaries systems.

2. DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Regulation the following definitions apply:

2.1. ‘Active driving possible mode’ means the vehicle mode when application of pressure to the accelerator pedal (or activation of an equivalent control) or release of the brake system will cause the electric power train to move the vehicle.

2.2. ‘Barrier’ means the part providing protection against direct contact to the live parts from any direction of access.

2.3. ‘Basic insulation’ means insulation applied to live parts for protection against direct contact under fault-free conditions.

2.4. ‘Cell’ means a single encased electrochemical unit containing one positive and one negative electrode which exhibits a voltage differential across its two terminals.

2.5. ‘Chassis connected to the electric circuit’ means AC and DC electric circuits galvanically connected to the electrical chassis.

2.6. ‘Conductive connection’ means the connection using connectors to an external power supply when the REESS is charged.

2.7. ‘Coupling system for charging the REESS’ means the electrical circuit used for charging the REESS from an external electric power supply including the vehicle inlet or a permanently affixed charging cable.

2.8. ‘C Rate’ of ‘n C’ is defined as the constant current of the tested-device, which takes 1/n hours to charge or discharge the tested-device between 0 per cent of the state of charge and 100 per cent of the state of charge.

2.9. ‘Direct contact’ means the contact of persons with live parts.

2.10. ‘Double insulation’ means insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation.

2.11. ‘Electrical chassis’ means a set made of conductive parts electrically linked together, whose potential is taken as reference.

2.12. ‘Electrical circuit’ means an assembly of connected live parts which is designed to be electrically energized in normal operation.

2.13. ‘Electric energy conversion system’ means a system that generates and provides electric energy for electric propulsion.

2.14. ‘Electric power train’ means the electrical circuit which includes the traction motor(s), and may include the REESS, the electric energy conversion system, the electronic converters, the associated wiring harness and connectors, and the coupling system for charging the REESS.

2.15. ‘Electronic converter’ means a device capable of controlling and/or converting electric power for electric propulsion.

2.16. ‘Enclosure’ means the part enclosing the internal units and providing protection against direct contact from any direction of access.

2.17. ‘Exposed conductive part’ means the conductive part which can be touched under the provisions of the protection IPXXB, and which becomes electrically energized under isolation failure conditions. This includes parts under a cover that can be removed without using tools.

2.18. ‘Explosion’ means the sudden release of energy sufficient to cause pressure waves and/or projectiles that may cause structural and/or physical damage to the surrounding of the tested-device.

2.19. ‘External electric power supply’ means an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) electric power supply outside of the vehicle.

2.20. ‘High Voltage’ means the classification of an electric component or circuit, if its working voltage is > 60 V and ≤ 1 500 V DC or > 30 V and ≤ 1 000 V AC root mean square (rms).

2.21. ‘Fire’ means the emission of flames from a tested-device. Sparks and arcing shall not be considered as flames.

2.22. ‘Flammable electrolyte’ means an electrolyte that contains substances classified as Class 3 ‘flammable liquid’ under ‘UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods — Model Regulations (Revision 17 from June 2011), Volume I, Chapter 2.3’ (2).

2.23. ‘High voltage bus’ means the electrical circuit, including the coupling system for charging the REESS that operates on high voltage. Where electrical circuits, that are galvanically connected to each other, are galvanically connected to the electrical chassis and the maximum voltage between any live part and the electrical chassis or any exposed conductive part is ≤ 30 V AC and ≤ 60 V DC, only the components or parts of the electric circuit that operate on high voltage are classified as a high voltage bus.

2.24. ‘Indirect contact’ means the contact of persons with exposed conductive parts.

2.25. ‘Live parts’ means the conductive part(s) intended to be electrically energized in normal use.

2.26. ‘Luggage compartment’ means the enclosed space in the vehicle intended for luggage accommodation.

2.27. ‘Manufacturer’ means the person or body who is responsible to the approval authority for all aspects of the type approval process and for ensuring conformity of production. It is not essential that the person or body be directly involved in all stages of the construction of the vehicle, system or component which is the subject of the approval process.

2.28. ‘Onboard isolation resistance monitoring system’ means the device which monitors the isolation resistance between the high voltage buses and the electrical chassis.

2.29. ‘Open type traction battery’ means a liquid type battery requiring refilling with water and generating hydrogen gas released to the atmosphere.

2.30. ‘Passenger compartment’ means the space for occupant accommodation, bounded by at least 4 of the following: the roof, floor, side walls, doors, window glass, front bulkhead and rear bulkhead, or rear gate, as well as by the barriers and enclosures provided for protecting the occupants from direct contact with live parts.

2.31. ‘Protection degree’ means the protection provided by a barrier/enclosure related to the contact with live parts by a test probe, such as a test finger (IPXXB) or a test wire (IPXXD), as defined in Annex 3.

2.32. ‘Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System (REESS)’ means the rechargeable energy storage system that provides electric energy for electric propulsion. The REESS may include subsystem(s) together with the necessary ancillary systems for physical support, thermal management, electronic control and enclosures.

2.33. ‘Reinforced insulation’ means insulation of live parts for protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation. Insulation may comprise several layers which cannot be tested individually as supplementary or basic insulation.

2.34. ‘Removable REESS’ means a REESS that by design can be taken out from the vehicle by the vehicle user for off-board charging.

2.35. ‘Rupture’ means opening(s) through the casing of any functional cell assembly created or enlarged by an event, large enough for a 12 mm diameter test finger (IPXXB) to penetrate and make contact with live parts (see Annex 3).

2.36. ‘Service disconnect’ means the device for deactivation of the electrical circuit when conducting checks and services of the REESS, fuel cell stack, etc.

2.37. ‘State of Charge (SOC)’ means the available electrical charge in a tested-device expressed as a percentage of its rated capacity.

2.38. ‘Solid insulator’ means the insulating coating of wiring harnesses provided in order to cover and protect the live parts against direct contact from any direction of access; covers for insulating the live parts of connectors, and varnish or paint for the purpose of insulation.

2.39. ‘Subsystem’ means any functional assembly of REESS components.

2.40. ‘Supplementary insulation’ means independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation for protection against electric shock in the event of a failure of the basic insulation.

2.41. ‘Tested-device’ means either the complete REESS or the subsystem of a REESS that is subjected to the tests prescribed by this Regulation.

2.42. ‘Type of REESS’ means systems which do not differ significantly in such essential aspects as: (a) The manufacturer's trade name or mark; (b) The chemistry, capacity and physical dimensions of its cells; (c) The number of cells, the mode of connection of the cells and the physical support of the cells; (d) The construction, materials and physical dimensions of the casing; and (e) The necessary ancillary devices for physical support, thermal management and electronic control.

2.43. ‘Vehicle type’ means vehicles which do not differ in such essential aspects as: (a) Installation of the electric power train and the galvanically connected high voltage bus; (b) Nature and type of electric power train and the galvanically connected high voltage components.

2.44. ‘Withstand voltage’ means voltage to be applied to a specimen under prescribed test conditions which does not cause breakdown and/or flashover of a satisfactory specimen.

2.45. ‘Working voltage’ means the highest value of an electrical circuit voltage rms, specified by the manufacturer, which may occur between any conductive parts in open circuit conditions or under normal operating condition. If the electrical circuit is divided by galvanic isolation, the working voltage is defined for each divided circuit, respectively.

3. APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

3.1. Part I: Approval of a vehicle type with regard to its electrical safety, including the High Voltage System

3.1.1. The application for approval of a vehicle type with regard to specific requirements for the electric power train shall be submitted by the vehicle manufacturer or by his duly accredited representative.

3.1.2. It shall be accompanied by the below-mentioned documents in triplicate and following particulars:

3.1.2.1. Detailed description of the vehicle type as regards the electric power train and the galvanically connected high voltage bus.

3.1.2.2. For vehicles with REESS, additional evidence showing that the REESS is in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 6 of this Regulation.

3.1.3. A vehicle representative of the vehicle type to be approved shall be submitted to the Technical Service responsible for conducting the approval tests and, if applicable, at the manufacturer's discretion with the agreement of the Technical Service, either additional vehicle(s), or those parts of the vehicle regarded by the Technical Service as essential for the test(s) referred to in the paragraph 6 of this Regulation.

3.2. Part II: Approval of a Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System (REESS)

3.2.1. The application for approval of a type of REESS or separate technical unit with regard to the safety requirements of the REESS shall be submitted by the REESS manufacturer or by their duly accredited representative.

3.2.2. It shall be accompanied by the under-mentioned documents in triplicate and comply with the following particulars:

3.2.2.1. Detailed description of the type of REESS or separate technical unit as regards the safety of the REESS.

3.2.3. A component(s) representative of the type of REESS to be approved plus, at the manufacturer's discretion, and with the agreement of the Technical Service, those parts of the vehicle regarded by the Technical Service as essential for the test, shall be submitted to the Technical Service responsible for conducting the approval tests.

3.3. The Type Approval Authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production before type approval is granted.

4. APPROVAL

4.1. If the type submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation meets the requirements of the relevant parts of this Regulation, approval of that type shall be granted.

4.2. An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. Its first two digits (at present 00 for the Regulation in its form) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. The same Contracting Party shall not assign the same number to another vehicle type.

4.3. Notice of approval or of refusal or of extension or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a vehicle type pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation, by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1, Part 1 or 2 as appropriate to this Regulation.

4.4. There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on the approval form, to every vehicle or REESS or separate technical unit conforming to a type approved under this Regulation an international approval mark consisting of:

4.4.1. A circle surrounding the letter ‘E’ followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval (3).

4.4.2. The number of this Regulation, followed by the letter ‘R’, a dash and the approval number to the right of the circle described in paragraph 4.4.1.

4.4.3. In the case of an approval of a REESS or a separate technical unit of the REESS the ‘R’ shall be followed by the symbol ‘ES’.

4.5. If the vehicle or REESS conforms to a type approved under one or more other Regulations annexed to the Agreement in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation, the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1 need not be repeated; in this case the Regulation and approval numbers and the additional symbols of all the Regulations under which approval has been granted in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation shall be placed in vertical columns to the right of the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1.

4.6. The approval mark shall be clearly legible and shall be indelible.

4.6.1. In the case of a vehicle, the approval mark shall be placed on or close to the vehicle data plate affixed by the manufacturer.

4.6.2. In the case of a REESS or separate technical unit approved as a REESS, the approval mark shall be affixed on the major element of the REESS by the manufacturer.

4.7. Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of the arrangements of the approval mark.

5. PART I: REQUIREMENTS OF A VEHICLE WITH REGARD TO ITS ELECTRICAL SAFETY

5.1. Protection against electrical shock

These electrical safety requirements apply to high voltage buses under conditions where they are not connected to external high voltage power supplies.

5.1.1. Protection against direct contact

Protection against direct contact with high voltage live parts is also required for vehicles equipped with any REESS type approved under Part II of this Regulation.

The protection against direct contact with the live parts, shall comply with paragraphs 5.1.1.1 and 5.1.1.2.

These protections (solid insulator, barrier, enclosure, etc.) shall not be able to be opened, disassembled or removed without the use of tools.

5.1.1.1. For protection of live parts inside the passenger compartment or luggage compartment, the protection degree IPXXD shall be provided.

5.1.1.2. Protection of live parts in areas other than the passenger compartment or luggage compartment

5.1.1.2.1. For vehicles with a passenger compartment, the protection degree IPXXB shall be satisfied.

5.1.1.2.2. For vehicles without passenger compartment, the protection degree IPXXD shall be satisfied.

5.1.1.3. Connectors

Connectors (including vehicle inlet) are deemed to meet this requirement if:

(a) They comply with 5.1.1.1 and 5.1.1.2 when separated without the use of tools; or

(b) They are located underneath the floor and are provided with a locking mechanism; or

(c) They are provided with a locking mechanism and other components shall be removed with the use of tools in order to separate the connector; or

(d) The voltage of the live parts becomes equal or below 60 V DC or equal or below 30 V AC (rms) within one second after the connector is separated.

5.1.1.4. Service disconnect

For a service disconnect which can be opened, disassembled or removed without tools, it is acceptable if protection degree IPXXB is satisfied under a condition where it is opened, disassembled or removed without tools.

5.1.1.5. Marking

5.1.1.5.1. In the case of a REESS having high voltage capability the symbol shown in the figure shall appear on or near the REESS. The symbol background shall be yellow, the bordering and the arrow shall be black.

Marking of high voltage equipment

5.1.1.5.2. The symbol shall also be visible on enclosures and barriers, which, when removed, expose live parts of high voltage circuits. This provision is optional to any connector for high voltage buses. This provision shall not apply to any of the following cases:

(a) Where barriers or enclosures cannot be physically accessed, opened, or removed; unless other vehicle components are removed with the use of tools;

(b) Where barriers or enclosures are located underneath the vehicle floor.

5.1.1.5.3. Cables for high voltage buses which are not located within enclosures shall be identified by having an outer covering with the colour orange.

5.1.2. Protection against indirect contact

Protection against indirect contact is also required for vehicles with high voltage live parts equipped with any REESS type approved under Part II of this Regulation.

5.1.2.1. For protection against electrical shock which could arise from indirect contact, the exposed conductive parts, such as the conductive barrier and enclosure, shall be galvanically connected securely to the electrical chassis by connection with electrical wire or ground cable, or by welding, or by connection using bolts, etc. so that no dangerous potentials are produced.

5.1.2.2. The resistance between all exposed conductive parts and the electrical chassis shall be lower than 0,1 Ω when there is current flow of at least 0,2 A.

This requirement is satisfied if the galvanic connection has been established by welding.

5.1.2.3. In the case of motor vehicles which are intended to be connected to the grounded external electric power supply through the conductive connection, a device to enable the galvanical connection of the electrical chassis to the earth ground shall be provided.

The device shall enable connection to the earth ground before exterior voltage is applied to the vehicle and retain the connection until after the exterior voltage is removed from the vehicle.

Compliance to this requirement shall be demonstrated either by using the connector specified by the vehicle manufacturer, or by analysis.

5.1.2.4. The requirement of paragraph 5.1.2.3 above shall not apply to the vehicles which satisfy (a) or (b) below:

(a) The vehicle's REESS can be charged via the external electric power supply only by using an off-board charger with a double insulation or reinforced insulation structure between input and output. The performance requirements regarding the previously mentioned insulation structure shall comply with the following requirements of paragraph 5.1.2.4.1 and paragraph 5.1.2.4.3 and stated in its documentation.

(b) The on-board charger has a double or reinforced insulation structure between input and the vehicle's exposed conductive parts/electrical chassis. The performance requirements regarding the previously mentioned insulation structure shall comply with the following requirements of paragraphs 5.1.2.4.1, 5.1.2.4.2 and 5.1.2.4.3.

If both systems are installed (a) and (b) have to be fulfilled.

5.1.2.4.1. Withstand voltage

5.1.2.4.1.1. For vehicle with on-board charger the test shall be conducted according to Annex 9A to this regulation.

5.1.2.4.1.2. Acceptance criteria

The insulation resistance shall be equal to or greater than 7 MΩ when applying 500 V DC between all the inputs connected together and the vehicle's exposed conductive parts/electrical chassis.

5.1.2.4.2. Protection against ingress of water

5.1.2.4.2.1. This test shall be conducted according to Annex 9B of this regulation.

5.1.2.4.2.2. Acceptance criteria

The insulation resistance shall be equal to or greater than 7 MΩ, when applying 500 V DC.

5.1.2.4.3. Handling instructions

Appropriate instructions for charging shall be provided and included in the manual (4).

5.1.3. Isolation resistance

This paragraph shall not apply to chassis connected electrical circuits where the maximum voltage between any live part and the electrical chassis or any exposed conductive part does not exceed 30 V AC (rms) or 60 V DC.

5.1.3.1. Electric power train consisting of separate Direct Current- or Alternating Current-buses

If AC buses and DC buses are galvanically isolated from each other, the isolation resistance between the high voltage bus and the electrical chassis shall have a minimum value of 100 Ω/V of the working voltage for DC buses, and a minimum value of 500 Ω/V of the working voltage for AC buses.

The measurement shall be conducted according to Annex 4A ‘Isolation resistance measurement method for vehicle based tests’.

5.1.3.2. Electric power train consisting of combined DC- and AC-buses

If AC buses and DC buses are galvanically connected, isolation resistance between any high voltage bus and the electrical chassis shall have a minimum value of 500 Ω/volt of the working voltage.

However, if all AC high voltage buses are protected by one of the two following measures, isolation resistance between any high voltage bus and the electrical chassis shall have a minimum value of 100 Ω/V of the working voltage:

(a) Double or more layers of solid insulators, barriers or enclosures that meet the requirement in paragraph 5.1.1 independently, for example wiring harness;

(b) Mechanically robust protections that have sufficient durability over vehicle service life such as motor housings, electronic converter cases or connectors;

The isolation resistance between the high voltage bus and the electrical chassis may be demonstrated by calculation, measurement or a combination of both.

The measurement shall be conducted according to Annex 4A ‘Isolation resistance measurement method for vehicle based tests’.

5.1.3.3. Fuel cell vehicles

If the minimum isolation resistance requirement cannot be maintained over time, then protection shall be achieved by any of the following:

(a) Double or more layers of solid insulators, barriers or enclosures that meet the requirement in paragraph 5.1.1 independently;

(b) On-board isolation resistance monitoring system together with a warning to the driver if the isolation resistance drops below the minimum required value. The isolation resistance between the high voltage bus of the coupling system for charging the REESS and the electrical chassis need not be monitored, because the coupling system for charging is only energized during charging of the REESS. The function of the on-board isolation resistance monitoring system shall be confirmed as described in Annex 5.

5.1.3.4. Isolation resistance requirement for the coupling system used to charge the REESS

For the coupling system (used to charge the REESS and intended to be conductively connected to the grounded external AC power supply) the isolation resistance shall be at least 1 MΩ when the charger coupler is disconnected. During the measurement, the REESS may be disconnected.

5.2. REESS

5.2.1. For a vehicle with a REESS, the requirement of either paragraph 5.2.1.1 or paragraph 5.2.1.2 shall be satisfied.

5.2.1.1. For a REESS which has been type approved in accordance with Part II of this Regulation, installation shall be in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the REESS, and in conformity with the description provided in Part 2 of Annex 6 to this Regulation.

5.2.1.2. The REESS shall comply with the respective requirements of paragraph 6 of this Regulation.

5.2.2. Accumulation of gas

Spaces for open type traction batteries that may produce hydrogen gas shall be equipped with a ventilation fan, a ventilation duct or any other suitable means to prevent the accumulation of hydrogen gas.

5.2.3. Protection against electrolyte spills

Vehicles shall foresee that no spilled electrolyte from the REESS and its components shall reach the driver, rider or passenger or any person around the vehicle during normal condition of use and/or functional operation.

When the REESS is in the upside-down position, no electrolyte shall spill.

5.2.4. Accidental or unintentional detachment

The REESS and its components shall be installed in the vehicle in such a way so as to preclude the possibility of inadvertent or unintentional detachment of the REESS.

The REESS in the vehicle shall not be ejected when the vehicle is tilted.

The REESS components shall not be ejected when the REESS is put upside-down.

5.3. Functional safety

A momentary indication shall, as minimum, be given to the driver when the vehicle is in ‘active driving possible mode’.

However, this provision does not apply under conditions where an internal combustion engine directly or indirectly provides the vehicle's propulsion power.

When leaving the vehicle, the driver shall be informed by a signal (e.g. optical or audible signal) if the vehicle is still in the active driving possible mode.

If the onboard REESS can be externally charged by the user, movement caused by the vehicle's propulsion system shall not be possible while the external electric power supply is physically connected to the vehicle inlet.

For vehicles with a permanently connected recharge cable, the requirement above is not applicable if using the cable to charge the vehicle prevents the use of the vehicle (e.g. seat cannot be closed, the cable position does not allow the rider to sit in or step into the vehicle). This requirement shall be demonstrated by using the connector specified by the vehicle manufacturer. The state of the drive direction control unit shall be identified to the driver.

5.3.1. Additional functional safety requirements

5.3.1.1. At least two deliberate and distinctive actions shall be performed by the driver at the start-up to select the active driving possible mode.

5.3.1.2. Only a single action shall be required to deactivate the active driving possible mode.

5.3.1.3. Indication of temporary reduced power (i.e. not resulting from a failure) and/or of state of charge (SOC) of REESS.

5.3.1.3.1. The vehicle shall have a function/device that indicates to the driver/rider if the power is automatically reduced below a certain level, (e.g. due to activation of the output controller to protect the REESS or the propulsion system) or due to a low SOC.

5.3.1.3.2. The conditions under which these indications are given shall be determined by the manufacturer.

A brief description of the power reduction and indicating strategy will be prescribed in Annex 6.

5.3.1.4. Driving or riding backwards

It shall not be possible to activate the vehicle reverse control function whilst the vehicle is in forward motion.

5.4. Determination of hydrogen emissions

5.4.1. This test shall be carried out on all vehicles equipped with open type traction batteries. If the REESS has been approved under Part II of this Regulation and installed in accordance with paragraph 5.2.1.1, this test can be omitted for the approval of the vehicle.

5.4.2. The test shall be conducted according to the method in Annex 7 of the present Regulation. The hydrogen sampling and analysis shall be prescribed. Other analysis methods can be approved if it is proven that they give equivalent results.

5.4.3. During a normal charge procedure in the conditions given in Annex 7, hydrogen emissions shall be below 125 g during 5 h, or below 25 × t2 g during t2 (in h).

5.4.4. During a charge carried out by a charger presenting a failure (conditions given in Annex 7), hydrogen emissions shall be below 42 g. The charger shall limit such a failure to 30 minutes maximum.

5.4.5. All the operations linked to the REESS charging shall be controlled automatically, including the stop for charging.

5.4.6. Manual control of the charging phases shall not be possible.

5.4.7. Normal operations of connection and disconnection to the mains or power cuts shall not affect the control system of the charging phases.

5.4.8. Important charging failures shall be permanently indicated. An important failure is a failure that can lead to a malfunction of the charger during charging later on.

5.4.9. The manufacturer shall indicate the vehicle's conformity in the owner's manual to these requirements.

5.4.10. The approval granted to a vehicle type relative to hydrogen emissions can be extended to different vehicle types belonging to the same family, in accordance with the definition of the family given in Annex 7, Appendix 2.

6. PART II: REQUIREMENTS OF A RECHARGEABLE ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM (REESS) WITH REGARD TO ITS SAFETY

6.1. General

The procedures prescribed in Annex 8 of this Regulation shall be applied.

6.2. Vibration

6.2.1. The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8A of this Regulation.

6.2.2. Acceptance criteria

6.2.2.1. During the test, there shall be no evidence of:

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS (s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.2.2.2. For a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistance measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/Volt.

6.3. Thermal shock and cycling

6.3.1. The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8B to this Regulation.

6.3.2. Acceptance criteria

6.3.2.1. During the test, there shall be no evidence of:

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS(s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.3.2.2. For a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistance measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B of this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/Volt.

6.4. Mechanical tests

6.4.1. Drop test for removable REESS

6.4.1.1. The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8C of this Regulation.

6.4.1.2. Acceptance criteria

6.4.1.2.1. During the test there shall be no evidence of

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS(s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.4.1.2.2. For a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistance measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B of this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/Volt.

6.4.2. Mechanical shock

6.4.2.1. This test shall apply to vehicles with a centre and/or side stand.

The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8D of this Regulation.

6.4.2.2. Acceptance criteria

6.4.2.2.1. During the test there shall be no evidence of

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS(s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.4.2.2.2. For a high voltage REESS the isolation resistance of the tested-device shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt for the whole REESS measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation.

6.5. Fire resistance

This test applies for vehicles with a passenger compartment only.

This test is required for REESS containing flammable electrolyte.

The test shall be carried out on one test sample.

At the manufacturer's choice the test may be performed as, either:

(a) A vehicle based test in accordance with paragraph 6.5.1 of this Regulation, or

(b) A component based test in accordance with paragraph 6.5.2 of this Regulation.

6.5.1. Vehicle based test

The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8E in due consideration of paragraph 3.2.1 of Annex 8E.

The approval of a REESS tested according to this paragraph shall be limited to approvals for a specific vehicle type.

6.5.2. Component based test

The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8E in due consideration of paragraph 3.2.2 of Annex 8E.

6.5.3. Acceptance criteria

6.5.3.1. During the test, the tested-device shall exhibit no evidence of explosion.

6.6. External short circuit protection

6.6.1. The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8F of this Regulation.

6.6.2. Acceptance criteria;

6.6.2.1. During the test there shall be no evidence of:

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS(s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.6.2.2. For a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistance measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/V.

6.7. Overcharge protection

6.7.1. The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8G to this Regulation.

6.7.2. Acceptance criteria

6.7.2.1. During the test there shall be no evidence of:

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS(s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.7.2.2. For a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistance measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/V.

6.8. Over-discharge protection

6.8.1. The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8H to this Regulation.

6.8.2. Acceptance criteria

6.8.2.1. During the test there shall be no evidence of:

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS(s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.8.2.2. For a high voltage REESS the isolation resistance measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/V.

6.9. Over-temperature protection

6.9.1. The test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex 8I to this Regulation.

6.9.2. Acceptance criteria

6.9.2.1. During the test there shall be no evidence of:

(a) Electrolyte leakage;

(b) Rupture (applicable to high voltage REESS(s) only);

(c) Fire;

(d) Explosion.

Evidence of electrolyte leakage shall be verified by visual inspection without disassembling any part of the tested-device.

6.9.2.2. For a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistance measured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/V.

6.10. Emission

Possible emission of gases caused by the energy conversion process during normal use shall be considered.

6.10.1. Open type traction batteries shall meet the requirements of paragraph 5.4 of this Regulation with regard to hydrogen emissions.

Systems with a closed chemical process shall be considered as emission-free under normal operation (e.g. lithium-ion battery).

The closed chemical process shall be described and documented by the battery manufacturer in Annex 6 — Part 2.

Other technologies shall be evaluated by the manufacturer and the Technical Service regarding any possible emissions under normal operation.

6.10.2. Acceptance criteria

For hydrogen emissions see paragraph 5.4 of this Regulation.

For emission free systems with closed chemical process no verification is necessary.

7. MODIFICATIONS AND EXTENSION OF THE TYPE APPROVAL

7.1. Every modification of the vehicle or REESS type with regard to this Regulation shall be notified to the Type Approval Authority which approved the vehicle or REESS type. The Authority may then either:

7.1.1. Consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an appreciable adverse effect and that in any case the vehicle or the REESS still complies with the requirements, or

7.1.2. Require a further test report from the Technical Service responsible for conducting the tests.

7.2. Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the alteration, shall be communicated by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.3 above to the Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation.

7.3. The Type Approval Authority issuing the extension of approval shall assign a series number to each communication form drawn up for such an extension and inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying the Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 (Part 1 or Part 2) to this Regulation.

8. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

8.1. Vehicles or REESS approved under this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements of the relevant part(s) of this Regulation.

8.2. In order to verify that the requirements of paragraph 8.1 are met, appropriate production checks shall be carried out.

8.3. The holder of the approval shall, in particular:

8.3.1. Ensure the existence of procedures for the effective quality control of vehicles or REESS;

8.3.2. Have access to the testing equipment necessary for checking the conformity of each approved type;

8.3.3. Ensure that test result data are recorded and that the annexed documents remain available for a period to be determined in agreement with the Type Approval Authority;

8.3.4. Analyse the results of each type of test, in order to verify and ensure the consistency of characteristics of the vehicle or REESS, making allowance for permissible variations in industrial production;

8.3.5. Ensure that for each type of vehicle or component type at least the tests prescribed in the relevant part(s) of this Regulation are carried out;

8.3.6. Ensure that any set of samples or test pieces giving evidence of non-conformity with the type of test in question shall give rise to a further sampling and test. All necessary steps shall be taken to re-establish conformity of the corresponding production.

8.4. The Type Approval Authority which has granted type approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applied in each production unit.

8.4.1. At every inspection, the test records and production records shall be presented to the visiting inspector.

8.4.2. The inspector may take samples at random to be tested in the manufacturer's laboratory. The minimum number of samples may be determined according to the results of the manufacturer's own checks.

8.4.3. When the quality level appears unsatisfactory or when it seems necessary to verify the validity of the tests carried out in application of paragraph 8.4.2, the inspector shall select samples to be sent to the technical service which has conducted the type approval tests.

8.4.4. The Type Approval Authority may carry out any test prescribed in this Regulation.

8.4.5. The normal frequency of inspections by the Type Approval Authority shall be one per year. If unsatisfactory results are recorded during one of these visits, the Type Approval Authority shall ensure that all necessary steps are taken to re-establish the conformity of production as rapidly as possible.

9. PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

9.1. The approval granted in respect of a vehicle/REESS type, pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if the requirements laid down in paragraph 8 above are not complied with, or if the vehicle/REESS or its components fail to pass the tests provided for in paragraph 8.3.5 above.

9.2. If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation, by means of a communication form conforming to the Model in Annex 1 (Part 1 or Part 2) to this Regulation.

10. PRODUCTION DEFINITIVELY DISCONTINUED

If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a vehicle/REESS type approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the Type Approval Authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication, that Authority shall inform thereof the other Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 (Part 1 or Part 2) to this Regulation.

11. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING APPROVAL TESTS AND OF TYPE APPROVAL AUTHORITIES

The Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation shall communicate to the United Nations Secretariat the names and addresses of the Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and the Type Approval Authorities which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued, issued in other countries are to be sent.

(1) As defined in the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3.), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6, para. 2. — http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29resolutions.html

(2) www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/unrec/rev17/17files_e.html

(3) The distinguishing numbers of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement are reproduced in Annex 3 to Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6.

(4) Example of the content in the manual: ‘If during charging, your vehicle or charger becomes submerged in water you should not touch either the vehicle nor the charger because of danger of electric shock. Also, do not use the battery nor the vehicle and ask your dealer to take (appropriate) measures.’