EN Official Journal of the European Union L 185/24

Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at:

http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html

Regulation No 90 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement brake lining assemblies, drum brake linings and discs and drums for power-driven vehicles and their trailers

Incorporating all valid text up to:

02 series of amendments — Date of entry into force: 28 October 2011

CONTENTS

1. Scope

2. Definitions

3. Application for approval

4. Approval

5. Specifications and tests

6. Packaging and marking

7. Modifications and extension of approval of replacement parts

8. Conformity of production

9. Penalties for non-conformity of production

10. Production definitively discontinued

11. Names and addresses of technical services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of type-approval authorities

12. Transitional provisions

ANNEXES

Annex 1A — Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining pursuant to Regulation No 90

Annex 1B — Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a replacement brake disc or a replacement brake drum pursuant to Regulation No 90

Annex 2 — Arrangements of the approval mark and approval data

Annex 3 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M 1 , M 2 and N 1

Annex 4 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M 3 , N 2 and N 3

Annex 5 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories O 1 and O 2

Annex 6 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories O 3 and O 4

Annex 7 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L

Annex 8 — Technical prescriptions for replacement brake lining assemblies intended for the use in separate parking brake systems being independent of the vehicle service brake system

Annex 9 — Special additional procedures for conformity of production

Annex 10 — Illustrations

Annex 11 — Requirements for replacement brake discs or brake drums for vehicles of categories M and N

Annex 12 — Requirements for replacement brake discs/drums for vehicles of category O

Annex 13 — Model test report for a replacement brake disc/drum

1. SCOPE

1.1. This Regulation applies to the basic braking function of the following replacement parts (1): 1.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies intended for use in friction brakes forming part of a braking system of vehicles of category M, N, L and O which have a type-approval in accordance with Regulation No 13, 13-H or 78. 1.1.2. Replacement drum brake linings designed to be riveted to a brake shoe for fitment to and use on vehicles of category M3, N2, N3, O3 or O4 having a type-approval in accordance with Regulation No 13. 1.1.3. The replacement brake lining assemblies used for separate parking brake systems being independent of the vehicle service brake system will be subject only to the technical prescriptions defined in Annex 8 to this Regulation. 1.1.4. Replacement brake drums and discs intended for use in friction brakes forming part of a braking system of vehicles of category M, N and O which have a type-approval in accordance with Regulation No 13 or Regulation No 13-H.

1.2. Original brake discs and brake drums, fitted at time of manufacturing of the vehicle and original replacement discs and drums intended for the servicing of the vehicle are not subject to this Regulation.

1.3. This Regulation does not apply to ‘Special parts’, as defined in paragraph 2.3.4.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. General definitions

2.1.1. ‘Manufacturer’ means the organisation which can assume technical responsibility for the brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings or brake drums and discs and can demonstrate that it possesses the necessary means to achieve conformity of production.

2.1.2. ‘Replacement part’ means either a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type, a replacement drum brake lining, a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc.

2.1.3. ‘Original part’ means either an original brake lining, an original brake lining assembly, an original drum brake lining, an original brake drum or an original brake disc.

2.2. Definitions regarding the approval of a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake lining.

2.2.1. ‘Braking system’ has the meaning assigned in Regulation No 13, paragraph 2.3, or Regulation No 13-H, paragraph 2.3, or Regulation No 78, paragraph 2.5.

2.2.2. ‘Friction brake’ means the part of a braking system in which the forces opposing the movement of a vehicle are developed by friction between a brake lining and a wheel disc or drum moving relatively to each other.

2.2.3. ‘Brake lining assembly’ means a component of a friction brake which is pressed against a drum or disc, respectively, to produce the friction force.

2.2.3.1. ‘Shoe assembly’ means a brake lining assembly of a drum brake. 2.2.3.1.1. ‘Shoe’ means a component of a shoe assembly which carries the brake lining.

2.2.3.2. ‘Pad assembly’ means a brake lining assembly of a disc brake. 2.2.3.2.1. ‘Backplate’ means a component of a pad assembly which carries the brake lining.

2.2.3.3. ‘Brake lining’ means the friction material component with the shape and final dimension to be fixed on to the shoe or backplate.

2.2.3.4. ‘Drum brake lining’ means a brake lining for a drum brake.

2.2.3.5. ‘Friction material’ means the product of a specified mixture of materials and processes which together determine the characteristics of a brake lining.

2.2.4. ‘Brake lining type’ means a category of brake linings which do not differ in friction material characteristics.

2.2.5. ‘Brake lining assembly type’ means wheel sets of brake lining assemblies which do not differ in brake lining type, dimension or functional characteristics.

2.2.6. ‘Drum brake lining type’ means wheel sets of brake lining components which after fitment to the shoes do not differ in brake lining type, dimensions or functional characteristics.

2.2.7. ‘Original brake lining’ means a brake lining type referenced in the vehicle type-approval documentation, Regulation No 13, Annex 2, paragraph 8.1.1, Regulation No 13-H, Annex 1, paragraph 7.1 (2) or Regulation No 78, Annex 1, paragraph 5.4.

2.2.8. ‘Original brake lining assembly’ means a brake lining assembly conforming to the data attached to a vehicle type-approval documentation.

2.2.9. ‘Replacement brake lining assembly’ means a brake lining assembly of a type approved under this Regulation as a suitable service replacement for an original brake lining assembly.

2.2.10. ‘Original drum brake lining’ means a drum brake lining conforming to the data attached to a vehicle type-approval documentation.

2.2.11. ‘Replacement drum brake lining’ means a drum brake lining of a type approved under this Regulation as a suitable service replacement when fitted to a shoe for an original drum brake lining.

2.2.12. ‘Parking brake lining assembly’ means a pad assembly or shoe assembly belonging to a parking brake system separate and independent from the service brake system.

2.3. Definitions regarding the approval of a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc.

2.3.1. ‘Original brake disc/brake drum’

2.3.1.1. In the case of motor vehicles, is a brake disc/drum covered by the vehicle braking system type-approval according to Regulation No 13 or 13-H.

2.3.1.2. In the case of trailers: (a) is a brake disc/drum covered by the vehicle braking system type-approval according to Regulation No 13; (b) is a brake disc/drum which is part of a brake for which the axle manufacturer owns a test report according to Annex 11 of Regulation No 13.

2.3.2. ‘Identification code’ identifies the brake discs or brake drums covered by the braking system approval according to Regulations Nos 13 and 13-H. It contains at least the manufacturer’s trade name or trademark and an identification number.

The vehicle manufacturer shall provide on request of the technical service and/or approval authority the necessary information, which makes the link between the braking system type-approval and the corresponding identification code.

2.3.3. Replacement parts

2.3.3.1. ‘Original replacement brake discs and brake drums’: original brake discs/brake drums intended for servicing the vehicle and carrying an identification code as defined in paragraph 2.3.2 affixed in such a way as to be indelible and clearly legible.

2.3.3.2. ‘Identical brake disc’ is a replacement brake disc which is chemically and physically identical in every respect with the exception of the vehicle manufacturer mark, which is absent, to the original brake disc.

2.3.3.3. ‘Identical brake drum’ is a replacement brake drum which is chemically and physically identical in every respect with the exception of the vehicle manufacturer mark, which is absent, to the original brake drum.

2.3.3.4. ‘Equivalent brake disc’ is a replacement brake disc which is identical to the original brake disc in respect to all dimensions, geometric features and basic design and is also from the same material sub-group as the original brake disc as defined in paragraph 5.3.3.2.

2.3.3.5. ‘Equivalent brake drum’ is a replacement brake drum which is identical to the original brake drum in respect to all dimensions, geometric features and basic design and is also from the same material sub-group as the original brake drum as defined in paragraph 5.3.3.2.

2.3.3.6. ‘Interchangeable brake disc’ is a replacement brake disc which has the same interface dimensions as the original brake disc but may differ from the original brake disc in terms of its design, material composition and mechanical properties.

2.3.3.7. ‘Interchangeable brake drum’ is a replacement brake drum which has the same interface dimensions as the original brake drum but may differ from the original brake drum in terms of its design, material composition and mechanical properties.

2.3.4. ‘Special brake disc/drum’ means a replacement brake disc/drum not covered by paragraphs 2.3.1 to 2.3.3.

2.3.5. ‘Functional dimensions’: all the measurements that are relevant with regard to the fitting and functioning of the components of the braking system (see paragraph 5.3.7.1 and Annex 10).

2.3.6. ‘Type of brake disc/drum’: brake discs or drums having the same basic design and material group in accordance with the classification criteria pursuant to paragraph 5.3.5.1 or 5.3.5.2 as appropriate.

2.3.7. ‘Test group’: type of brake discs/drums having the same characteristics pursuant to paragraph 5.3.6.

2.3.8. ‘Variant’: individual brake disc/drum within a given test group.

2.3.9. ‘Material’: chemical composition and mechanical properties as per paragraph 3.4.1.2.

2.3.10. ‘Material group’: e.g. grey cast iron, steel, aluminium, etc.

2.3.11. ‘Material sub-group’: one of the sub-group defined in paragraph 5.3.3.2.

2.3.12. ‘Minimum thickness’: the thickness of the brake disc is the point at which replacement becomes necessary.

2.3.13. ‘Maximum inside diameter’: the maximum inside diameter of the brake drum is the point at which replacement becomes necessary.

3. APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

3.1. An application for approval of a replacement part for (a) specific vehicle type(s) shall be submitted by the manufacturer of the replacement part or his duly accredited representative.

3.2. An application may be submitted by the holder of (a) vehicle type-approval(s) to Regulation No 13 or 13-H or 78 in respect of replacement part conforming to the type recorded in the vehicle type-approval(s) documentation.

3.3. In the case of an application regarding the approval of a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake lining:

3.3.1. An application for approval shall be accompanied, in triplicate, by a description of the replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining with regard to the items specified in Annex 1 to this Regulation, and by the following particulars: 3.3.1.1. Diagrams showing functional dimensions of the replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining; 3.3.1.2. An indication of the positions of the replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining on the vehicles for which approval to fit is sought.

3.3.2. Brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings of the type for which approval is sought shall be made available in sufficient quantity to perform the approval tests.

3.3.3. The applicant shall agree with and make available to the technical service responsible for conducting approval tests the suitable representative vehicle(s) and/or brake(s).

3.3.4. The Competent Authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production before type-approval is granted. 3.3.4.1. The applicant shall submit values for friction behaviour in accordance with Annex 9, Part A, paragraph 2.4.1 or 3.4.1 respectively to this Regulation.

3.4. In the case of an application regarding the approval of a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc.

3.4.1. An application for approval shall be accompanied, in triplicate, by a description of replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc with regard to the items specified in Annex 1B to this Regulation, and by the following particulars:

3.4.1.1. Disc or drum drawing(s) including the dimensions of the features mentioned in paragraph 5.3.7.1, together with tolerances, and any accompanying accessories:

(a) location and nature of the marking pursuant to paragraph 6.2.2 — dimensions in mm;

(b) weight in grams;

(c) material.

3.4.1.2. Component description

The manufacturer shall provide a component description containing at least the following information:

(a) the manufacturer of the unmachined part;

(b) a description of the process of manufacture of the unmachined part;

(c) proof of the reliability of the process (e.g. freedom from cracks and cavities, dimensions);

(d) material composition, specifically: (i) chemical composition; (ii) microstructure; (iii) mechanical properties: (a) Brinell hardness pursuant to ISO 6506-1:2005; (b) tensile strength in accordance with ISO 6892:1998.

(e) corrosion or surface protection;

(f) description of the balancing measures, maximum permissible balance error;

(g) amount of wear allowed (minimum thickness in the case of brake discs or the maximum internal diameter in the case of brake drums).

The applicant shall submit the information and specifications outlined in Annex 9, Part B, paragraph 2.5 to this Regulation.

3.4.2. Conformity of production

The competent authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production before type-approval is granted.

3.4.2.1. The applicant shall submit the documentation in accordance with Annex 9, Part B, paragraph 2 to this Regulation.

3.4.3. Sample quantities and usage

3.4.3.1. A minimum number of disc or drum samples — of the design for which approval is requested — shall be provided, as shown in the following table.

The table also shows the recommended use of the samples.

Item No Check/test Sample number Remarks 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Geometric check paragraphs 5.3.3.1, 5.3.4.1 x x x x x x 2 Material check paragraphs 5.3.3.2, 5.3.4.2 x x 3 Balancing provisions check paragraph 5.3.7.2 x x x x 4 Wear condition marking check paragraph 5.3.7.3 x x x x 5 Integrity test — thermal fatigue paragraphs 4.1.1, 4.2.1 of Annex 11, paragraphs 4.1.1, 4.2.1 of Annex 12 x x 6 Integrity test — high load test paragraphs 4.1.2, 4.2.2 of Annex 11, and paragraphs 4.1.2, 4.2.2 of Annex 12 x 7 Service brake vehicle performance test paragraph 2.2 of Annex 11, paragraph 2.2 of Annex 12 Pair of discs Either front or rear axle 8 Parking brake vehicle performance test paragraph 2.3 of Annex 11, paragraph 2.3 of Annex 12 Pair of discs If applicable 9 Service brake dynamometer performance test paragraph 3.3 of Annex 11, paragraph 3.3 of Annex 12 x Alternative to vehicle test

3.4.3.2. Each disc and drum, other than those using geometric and material checks, shall be accompanied by the appropriate number of the suitable brake lining assemblies which have an approval to Regulation No 13, 13-H or 90.

3.4.3.3. In the case where a comparison with the original brake disc or brake drum is required, an axle set of original brake discs or original brake drum, as applicable, shall be provided.

3.4.3.4. Where an equivalent replacement disc/drum approval is sought, two original brake disc/drum or original replacement brake disc/drum samples shall be provided for dimensional and material comparisons.

3.4.3.5. Where an interchangeable replacement disc/drum approval is sought, two original brake disc/drum or original replacement brake disc/drum samples shall be provided for dimensional comparison.

4. APPROVAL

4.1. If the replacement part submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation meet the requirements of paragraph 5 below, approval of the replacement part shall be granted. 4.1.1. In the case of replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L with a combined braking system in the meaning of paragraph 2.9 of Regulation No 78, the approval must be restricted to the brake lining assembly combination(s) on the axles of the vehicle having been tested according to Annex 7 of this Regulation.

4.2. To each replacement part approved there shall be assigned an approval number comprising four groups of digits: 4.2.1. The first two digits (at present 02 for the Regulation in its 02 series of amendments) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. 4.2.2. The following single letter shall indicate the category of the replacement part as follows: A Replacement brake lining assembly B Replacement drum brake lining C Replacement brake disc D Replacement brake drum 4.2.3. The next four digits shall indicate the manufacture and the type of the brake lining, the type of disc or the type of drum. A suffix of four digits shall indicate: (a) the shoe or back plate or specific dimension in the case of drum brake linings; (b) the variant in the case of a replacement disc or replacement drum. Example:

4.3. The same Contracting Party may not assign the same number to another replacement part. The same type-approval number may cover the use of that replacement part on a number of differing vehicle types.

4.4. Notice of approval or of extension or refusal of approval or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a replacement part pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the 1958 Agreement which apply this Regulation by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

4.5. There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place, to every replacement part approved under this Regulation, an international approval mark consisting of: 4.5.1. A circle surrounding the letter ‘E’ followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval (3); 4.5.2. The number of this Regulation, followed by the letter ‘R’, a dash and the approval number to the right of the circle prescribed in paragraph 4.5.1.

4.6. The approval mark referred to in paragraph 4.5 above shall be clearly legible and be indelible.

4.7. Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of the approval mark and approval data referred to above and in paragraph 6.5 below.

5. SPECIFICATIONS AND TESTS

5.1. General

A replacement part shall be so designed and constructed that, when substituted for the part originally fitted to a vehicle, the braking efficiency of that vehicle accords with that of the approved vehicle type.

Specifically:

(a) a replacement part for a vehicle type approved prior to Regulation No 13, 09 series of amendments, or the original version of Regulation No 13-H or Regulation No 78, 01 series of amendments, shall satisfy as a minimum the appropriate above-mentioned Regulation level;

(b) a replacement part shall display performance characteristics similar to that of the original part it is intended to replace;

(c) a replacement part must possess adequate mechanical characteristics;

(d) brake linings shall not contain asbestos;

(e) a replacement brake disc/drum shall exhibit sufficient deformation resistance under temperature;

(f) the minimum thickness of the brake disc shall not be less than the minimum thickness of the original brake disc as specified by the vehicle manufacturer;

(g) the maximum permissible inside diameter of the brake drum shall not be more than the maximum permissible inside diameter of the original brake drum specified by the vehicle manufacturer.

5.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings conforming to the type specified in vehicle type-approval documentation to Regulation No 13 or to Regulation No 13-H or Regulation No 78 are deemed to satisfy the requirements of paragraph 5 of this Regulation.

5.1.2. Replacement discs and replacement drums conforming to the identification code specified in vehicle type-approval documentation to Regulation No 13 or to Regulation No 13-H are deemed to satisfy the requirements of paragraph 5 of this Regulation.

5.2. Requirements regarding the approval of a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake lining

5.2.1. Performance requirements

5.2.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2 and N1

At least one set of replacement brake lining assemblies, representing the type of lining to be approved, shall be installed and tested in at least one vehicle which is representative of the vehicle type for which approval is sought, according to the prescriptions of Annex 3 and shall satisfy the requirements stated in this Annex. The representative vehicle(s) shall be selected from among the application range using a worst-case analysis (4). For speed sensitivity and cold performance equivalence, one of the two methods described in Annex 3 shall be used.

5.2.1.2. Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M3, N2 and N3

At least one set of replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings, representing the type of lining to be approved, shall be installed and tested in at least one vehicle or a brake which is representative of the vehicle type for which approval is sought, according to the prescriptions of Annex 4, using one of the two methods described in paragraph 1 (vehicle test) or in paragraph 2 (inertia dynamometer test) and shall satisfy the requirements stated in this Annex. The representative vehicle(s) or brake(s) shall be selected from among the application range using a worst-case analysis (4).

5.2.1.3. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories O1 and O2

Replacement brake lining assemblies shall be tested according to the prescriptions of Annex 5 and shall satisfy the requirements stated in this Annex.

5.2.1.4. Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings for vehicles of categories O3 and O4

Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings shall be tested according to the prescriptions of Annex 6 and shall satisfy the requirements stated in this Annex. For the tests, one of the three methods described in paragraph 3 of Appendix 2 to Annex 11 to Regulation No 13 shall be used.

5.2.1.5. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L

At least one set of replacement brake lining assemblies, representing the type of lining to be approved, shall be installed and tested in at least one vehicle which is representative of the vehicle type for which approval is sought, according to the prescriptions of Annex 7 and shall satisfy the requirements stated in this Annex. The representative vehicle(s) shall be selected from among the application range using a worst-case analysis (4).

5.2.2. Mechanical characteristics

5.2.2.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1, O1, O2, and L

5.2.2.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is requested shall be tested for shear strength according to Standard either ISO 6312:1981 or ISO 6312:2001.

The minimum acceptable shear strength is 250 N/cm2 for pad assemblies and 100 N/cm2 for shoe assemblies.

5.2.2.1.2. Replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is requested shall be tested for compressibility according to standard either ISO 6310:1981, ISO 6310:2001 or ISO 6310:2009.

The compressibility values shall not exceed 2 per cent at ambient temperature and 5 per cent at 400 °C for pad assemblies and 2 per cent at ambient temperature and 4 per cent at 200 °C for shoe assemblies. This requirement does not apply to parking brake lining assemblies.

5.2.2.2. Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M3, N2, N3, O3, and O4

5.2.2.2.1. Shear strength

This test applies only to disc brake pad assemblies.

Replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is requested shall be tested for shear strength according to Standard ISO 6312:1981 or ISO 6312:2001. Brake lining assemblies may by divided into two or three parts to match the test machine’s capability.

The minimum acceptable shear strength is 250 N/cm2.

5.2.2.2.2. Compressibility

Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings of the type for which approval is requested shall be tested for compressibility according to standard either ISO 6310:1981, ISO 6310:2001 or ISO 6310:2009. Flat specimens according to sample Type-I may be used.

The compressibility values shall not exceed 2 per cent at ambient temperature and 5 per cent at 400 °C for pad assemblies and 2 per cent at ambient temperature and 4 per cent at 200 °C for shoe assemblies and drum brake linings.

5.2.2.2.3. Material hardness (5)

This requirement applies to drum brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings.

Replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings of the type for which approval is requested shall be tested for hardness according to Standard ISO 2039-2:1987.

The hardness figure for the friction material at the rubbing surface shall be the mean value out of five sample linings from different production batches (if available) by taking five measurements at different places of each brake lining.

5.3. Technical requirements regarding the approval of a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc

All replacement parts have to be separated in 4 groups:

(a) original replacement brake disc/drum;

(b) identical brake disc/drum;

(c) equivalent disc/drum;

(d) interchangeable disc/drum.

Depending on its group, the replacement brake disc or drum has to pass the following tests:

Performance tests according to Regulations Nos 13/13-H (Type-0, I, II, etc.) Comparison test with dynamic frictional properties of the original part Integrity tests (high load and thermal fatigue) Original replacement parts No No No Identical parts No No No Equivalent parts No No Dynamometer test Interchangeable parts Vehicle test or alternative dynamometer test Vehicle test or alternative dynamometer test Dynamometer test

The test requirements for brake discs and drums for vehicles of categories M and N are detailed in Annex 11.

The test requirements for brake discs and drums for vehicles of category O are detailed in Annex 12.

5.3.1. Original replacement brake discs/drums

5.3.1.1. Original replacement brake discs/drums are excluded from the scope of this Regulation provided they carry an identification code as defined in paragraph 2.3.2 affixed in such a way as to be indelible and clearly legible.

5.3.2. Identical brake discs/drums

5.3.2.1. The applicant for approval shall demonstrate to the approval authority that he supplies the brake discs or drums to the vehicle manufacturer as original equipment of the vehicles/axles/brakes mentioned under Annex 1B, point 4. In particular, the brake discs or drums shall be produced under the same production and quality assurance systems and conditions as for the original parts pursuant to paragraph 2.3.1.

5.3.2.2. Since the identical brake discs/drums fulfils all requirement as the original part no testing requirements are prescribed.

5.3.3. Equivalent replacement discs or drums

5.3.3.1. Geometric requirements

The brake discs or drums shall be identical to the original brake disc or drum in respect to all dimensions, geometric features and basic design.

5.3.3.1.1. For discs the following maximum values shall be met:

M1, N1, O1, O2 M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, O4 Thickness variation 0,015 mm 0,030 mm Cheek thickness variation (for ventilated disc only) 1,5 mm 2,0 mm Lateral run-out friction surface 0,050 mm (6) 0,15 mm (6) Location bore variation H9 H9 ‘Top hat’ parallelism 0,100 mm 0,100 mm Location face flatness 0,050 mm 0,050 mm Friction surface roughness (7) 3,2 μm 3,2 μm

5.3.3.1.2. For drums the following maximum values shall be met:

M1, N1, O1, O2 M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, O4 Radial run-out friction surface 0,050 mm 0,100 mm Location bore variation H9 H9 Ovality 0,040 mm 0,150 mm Location face flatness 0,050 mm 0,050 mm Friction surface roughness (8) 3,5 μm 3,5 μm

5.3.3.2. Material and metallurgical requirements

In order to be considered ‘equivalent’ the replacement brake disc or drum shall be from the same material sub-group as the original brake disc or drum. Four original part material sub-groups are defined.

Test standard Sub-group 1 Base cast iron DIN EN 1561 EN-GJL-200 Sub-group 2 Base high carbon EN-GJL-150 Sub-group 3 Alloyed high carbon Sub-group 4 Unalloyed high carbon Carbon content (per cent) 3,20-3,60 3,60-3,90 3,55-3,90 3,60-3,90 Silicon content (per cent) 1,70-2,30 1,60-2,20 1,60-2,20 1,60-2,20 Manganese content (per cent) Min 0,40 Min 0,40 Min 0,40 Min 0,40 Chromium content (per cent) Max 0,35 Max 0,35 0,30-0,60 Max 0,25 Copper content (per cent) — 0,30-0,70 0,30-0,70 Max 0,40 Hardness HBW ISO 6506-1:2005 190-248 160-210 180-230 160-200 Tensile strength (N/mm2) ISO 6892:1998 Min 220 Min 160 Min 170 Min 150

5.3.3.3. Performance requirements

The part has to pass the integrity tests for high load and thermal fatigue according to Annexes 11 and 12.

5.3.4. Interchangeable replacement discs or drums

5.3.4.1. Geometric requirements

As paragraphs 5.3.3.1.1 and 5.3.3.1.2 plus the same interface dimensions.

An interchangeable replacement disc or drum may differ from the original part disc in design features such as:

(a) type and geometry of ventilation (for vented discs);

(b) integral or composite disc or drum;

(c) surface finish (e.g. holes, slots, etc.).

5.3.4.2. Performance requirements

The part has to pass the following performance tests according to Annexes 11 and 12:

(a) the performance test according to Regulation No 13 or 13-H;

(b) the comparison test with dynamic frictional properties of the original part;

(c) the integrity tests for high load and thermal fatigue.

5.3.5. Type

Brake discs/drums that do not differ in terms of their main characteristics as detailed below shall be regarded as one type within one report or approval:

5.3.5.1. Type criteria for brake discs

5.3.5.1.1. Basic design

(a) with or without ventilation (e.g. solid, ventilated);

(b) design of ventilation;

(c) surface (e.g. with or without grooves or holes);

(d) hub (with or without integrated parking brake drum);

(e) mounting (rigid, semi-floating, floating, etc.);

(f) hat (with or without integrated parking brake drum).

5.3.5.1.2. Material group

All material groups (including their respective sub-groups) are considered to be a separate type.

5.3.5.1.2.1. Cast iron

5.3.5.1.2.2. Steel

5.3.5.1.2.3. Composite materials

5.3.5.1.2.4. Multi-material construction

5.3.5.2. Type criteria for brake drums

(a) material group (e.g. steel, cast iron, composite);

(b) hub (with/without);

(c) composite design.

5.3.6. Test group criteria (within the same type)

The testing in test groups is possible for interchangeable parts only if the connection between the mounting area and the disc friction faces are of the same general form.

From each of the test groups mentioned below, at least one variant is subject to the corresponding tests laid down in Annexes 10, 11 or 12. The variant chosen from within a test group to test the replacement part is that which has the highest ratio of kinetic energy to its directly corresponding replacement part mass:

with:

vmax, i maximum design speed of the vehicle to which the replacement part is fitted (in the case of trailers vmax, i is assumed at least at 80 km/h) m test mass as defined in Annex 11, paragraph 3.2.1.2 and Annex 12, paragraph 3.2.1.2 mreplacement part, i mass of the replacement part of the corresponding vehicle

5.3.6.1. Replacement brake discs

5.3.6.1.1. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake discs in vehicles belonging to categories M1, M2, N1, N2, O1 and O2

5.3.6.1.1.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12

This test group includes all brake discs where the outside diameter of the disc does not vary by more than 6 mm and the disc thickness by not more than 4 mm.

5.3.6.1.1.2. In the case of different materials within a group of materials, proof shall be furnished for each separate material that the requirements stipulated in Annex 11 or Annex 12 are met.

5.3.6.1.2. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake discs in vehicles belonging to categories M3, N3, O3 and O4

5.3.6.1.2.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12

This test group includes all brake discs where the outside diameter of the disc does not vary by more than 10 mm and the disc thickness by not more than 4 mm.

5.3.6.1.2.2. In the case of different materials within a group of materials, proof shall be furnished for each separate material that the requirements stipulated in Annex 11 or Annex 12 are met.

5.3.6.2. Replacement brake drums

5.3.6.2.1. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake drums in vehicles belonging to categories M1, M2, N1, N2, O1 and O2

5.3.6.2.1.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12

This test group includes all brake drums that do not vary by more than 30 mm in terms of the inside diameter of the drum and by more than 10 mm as regards the shoe width of the drum brake.

5.3.6.2.1.2. In the case of different materials within a group of materials, proof shall be furnished for each separate material that the requirements stipulated in Annex 11 or Annex 12 are met.

5.3.6.2.2. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake drums in vehicles belonging to categories M3, N3, O3 and O4

5.3.6.2.2.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12

This test group includes all brake drums that do not vary by more than 10 per cent (referring to the smallest value) in terms of the inside diameter of the drum and by more than 40 mm as regards the shoe width of the drum brake.

5.3.6.2.2.2. In the case of different materials within a group of materials, proof shall be furnished for each separate material that the requirements stipulated in Annex 11 or Annex 12 are met.

5.3.7. Scope of assessment with regard to replacement brake discs/drums

5.3.7.1. Geometric checks

Compared with original parts, replacement brake discs/drums shall be checked in terms of the following applicable characteristics (see also Annex 10):

(a) disc/drum diameter, including friction surface diameters (in the case of a disc brake with an integrated parking brake drum, both diameters have to be checked);

(b) disc thickness (original dimensions and the minimum permissible wear indication) — mounting face to external friction surface;

(c) mounting flange thickness;

(d) pitch circle diameter of fixing holes/studs;

(e) number of fixing holes/studs;

(f) mounting flange diameter;

(g) type of centring (e.g. central spigot or mounting bolts/studs);

(h) in the case of brake discs with integrated parking brake drums the width of the friction surface area and any heat compensation groove(s);

(i) additionally, in the case of ventilated brake discs: (i) the type of ventilation (internal/external); (ii) the number of ribs and pillars; (iii) the dimensions of the ventilation duct.

5.3.7.2. Balancing provision

The balancing provision with regard to the replacement brake discs/drums shall correspond to that of the original part being replaced.

5.3.7.3. Assessment of the wear condition of the friction surfaces

This shall conform to the vehicle manufacturer criteria.

5.3.7.4. Tests

Each test group (see 5.3.6) within a particular type of replacement brake disc/drum (see 3.3.2) shall be tested by the technical service.

5.3.8. Test report

A test report shall be produced, the content of which shall be at least that defined in Annex 13 to this Regulation.

6. PACKAGING AND MARKING

6.1. Packaging and marking requirements regarding a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake lining:

6.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings conforming to a type approved in accordance with this Regulation shall be marketed in axle sets.

6.1.2. Each axle set shall be contained in a sealed package constructed to show previous opening.

6.1.3. Each package shall display the following information: 6.1.3.1. The quantity of replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings in the package; 6.1.3.2. Manufacturer’s name or trade mark; 6.1.3.3. Make and type of replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings; 6.1.3.4. The vehicles/axles/brakes for which the contents are approved; 6.1.3.5. The approval mark.

6.1.4. Each package shall contain fitting instructions in an official ECE language, supplemented by the corresponding text in the language of the country where it is sold: 6.1.4.1. With particular reference to auxiliary parts; 6.1.4.2. Stating that replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings should be replaced in axle sets; 6.1.4.3. With, in the case of replacement drum brake linings, a general statement calling attention to the following points: The integrity of the shoe platform, abutment and pivot; Freedom of the shoe from distortion, deformation and corrosion; The type and size of rivet to be used; The required riveting tools and forces. 6.1.4.4. With, additionally, in the case of combined braking systems in the meaning of paragraph 2.9 of Regulation No 78 giving the approved brake lining assembly combination(s).

6.1.5. Each replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining shall display permanently one set of approval data: 6.1.5.1. The approval mark; 6.1.5.2. The date of manufacture, at least month and year, or batch number; 6.1.5.3. Make and type of brake lining.

6.2. Packaging and marking requirements regarding replacement brake discs or replacement brake drums

6.2.1. Every unit sold shall at least exhibit the following information:

6.2.1.1. Part number;

6.2.1.2. In the case of motor vehicles: Make, type and trade name of the vehicle, the axle intended to be fitted and period of manufacturing of the vehicle; should the period of manufacture not be readily available a reference to the original part number/identification code may be used;

6.2.1.3. In the case of trailers a reference to the original part number/identification code shall be used;

6.2.1.4. Each package shall contain fitting instructions in the language of the country where it is sold: 6.2.1.4.1. With particular reference to ancillary parts; 6.2.1.4.2. Stating that replacement brake discs and drums should be replaced in axle sets.

6.2.2. Marking

Every brake disc/drum approved in accordance with this Regulation shall be durably marked with at least the following information:

6.2.2.1. Manufacturer’s name or trade mark;

6.2.2.2. The approval number;

6.2.2.3. An indication which provides traceability of the production process (e.g. date, batch number, source code);

6.2.2.4. The minimum thickness of the brake disc or the maximum permissible inside diameter of the brake drum.

7. MODIFICATIONS AND EXTENSION OF APPROVAL OF REPLACEMENT PARTS

7.1. Every modification of the replacement part shall be notified to the type-approval authority which granted the type-approval. The department may then either: 7.1.1. Consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have appreciable adverse effects and that in any event the replacement part still complies with the requirements; or 7.1.2. Require a further test report from the technical service responsible for conducting the tests.

7.2. Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the alterations, shall be notified by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.4 above to the Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation.

7.3. The Competent Authority issuing the extension of approval shall assign a series number for such an extension and inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

8. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

8.1. Replacement parts approved to this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved.

8.2. Original parts being the subject of an application under paragraph 3.2 are deemed to satisfy the requirements of paragraph 8.

8.3. To verify that the requirements of paragraph 8.1 are met, suitable controls of the production shall be applied. These shall encompass the control of raw materials and components used.

8.4. The holder of an approval shall in particular: 8.4.1. Ensure that for each replacement brake lining assembly type or replacement drum brake lining type at least the relevant tests prescribed in paragraph 5.2.2 and the relevant tests as prescribed in Annex 9 to this Regulation are carried out on a statistically controlled and random basis in accordance with a regular quality assurance procedure. For parking brake lining assemblies only the shear strength described in paragraph 5.2.2 is applicable. 8.4.2. Ensure that for each replacement disc and drum at least the tests prescribed in Annex 9 to this Regulation are carried out on a statistically controlled and random basis in accordance with a regular quality assurance procedure. 8.4.3. Ensure existence of procedures for the effective control of the quality of products; 8.4.4. Have access to the control equipment necessary for checking the conformity of each approved type; 8.4.5. Analyse the results of each type of test in order to verify and ensure the consistency of the product characteristics, making allowance for variation of an industrial production; 8.4.6. Ensure that data of test results are recorded and that annexed documents remain available for a period to be determined in agreement with the administrative service; 8.4.7. Ensure that any samples or test pieces giving evidence of non-conformity with the type of test considered shall give rise to another sampling and another test. All the necessary steps shall be taken to re-establish the conformity of the corresponding production.

8.5. The Competent Authority which has granted type-approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applicable to each production unit. 8.5.1. In every inspection, the test books and production survey records shall be presented to the visiting inspector. 8.5.2. The inspector may take samples at random to be tested in the manufacturer’s laboratory. The minimum number of samples may be determined according to the results of the manufacturer’s own verification. 8.5.3. When the quality level appears unsatisfactory or when it seems necessary to verify the validity of the tests carried out in application of paragraph 8.5.2 the inspector shall select samples to be sent to the technical service which has conducted the type-approval tests. 8.5.4. The competent authority may carry out any tests prescribed in this Regulation. 8.5.5. The normal frequency of inspections authorised by the Competent Authority shall be one per year. In the case where negative results are recorded during one of these visits, the competent authority shall ensure that all necessary steps are taken to re-establish the conformity of production as rapidly as possible.

9. PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

9.1. The approval granted in respect of a replacement brake lining assembly type or drum brake lining type pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if the requirements laid down in paragraph 8.1 above are not complied with. The approval granted in respect of the type of a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if the requirements laid down in paragraph 8.1 above are not complied with.

9.2. If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation, by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1A or Annex 1B to this Regulation.

10. PRODUCTION DEFINITIVELY DISCONTINUED

If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a replacement part approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication that authority shall inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1A or 1B to this Regulation.

11. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING APPROVAL TESTS, AND OF TYPE-APPROVAL AUTHORITIES

The Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement which apply this Regulation shall communicate to the United Nations secretariat the names and addresses of the technical services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the type-approval authorities which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, or production definitively discontinued, issued in other countries, are to be sent.

12. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS

12.1. As from the official date of entry into force of the 02 series of amendments, no Contracting Party applying this Regulation shall refuse to grant approval under this Regulation as amended by the 02 series of amendments.

12.2. Even after the date of entry into force of the 02 series of amendments, brake lining assembly and drum brake lining approvals to the 01 series of amendments to the Regulation shall remain valid and Contracting Parties applying the Regulation shall continue to accept them and shall not refuse to grant extensions of approval to the 01 series of amendments to this Regulation.

12.3. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall continue to allow fitting or use on a vehicle in use of a replacement brake lining assembly approved to this Regulation in its original, unamended form.

(1) It does not apply to possible additional functions of replacement parts as for example speed sensing in the case of integrated speed sensing devices or guidance of the wheels in the case of integrated hubs.

(2) If such brake linings are not available on the market, alternatively, brake linings listed under paragraph 8.2 may be used.

(3) The distinguishing numbers of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement are reproduced in Annex 3 to Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.2/Amend.1.

(4) Worst-case analysis must include the following technical characteristics (as a minimum) of each vehicle type in the application range:

(a) rotor diameter;

(b) rotor thickness;

(c) ventilated or solid rotor;

(d) piston diameter;

(e) tyre dynamic radius;

(f) vehicle mass;

(g) axle mass and percentage of braking effort of the axle;

(h) maximum speed of the vehicle.

The testing conditions shall be specified in the test report.

(5) This test is included for conformity of production purposes. Minimum values and the tolerances to be agreed with the technical service.

(6) N/a in the case of a floating disc.

(7) Ra-value according to ISO 1302:2002.

(8) Ra-value according to ISO 1302:2002.

ANNEX 1A COMMUNICATION (Maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm))

ANNEX 1B COMMUNICATION (maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm))

ANNEX 2 ARRANGEMENTS OF THE APPROVAL MARK AND APPROVAL DATA (See paragraph 4.2 of this Regulation) The above approval mark shows that the item concerned has been approved in France (E2) pursuant to Regulation No 90 under approval number C0359/7248. The first two digits of the approval number indicate that the approval was granted in accordance with the requirements of Regulation No 90 as amended by the 02 series of amendments. Example of pad assembly marking Example of shoe assembly marking Example of drum brake lining marking Note: positions of markings and mutual positions of markings shown in the examples are not mandatory.

ANNEX 3 REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES M1, M2 AND N1 1. Conformance with Regulation No 13 or 13-H Compliance with the requirements of Regulation No 13 or 13-H shall be demonstrated in a vehicle test. 1.1. Vehicle preparation 1.1.1. Test Vehicle A vehicle which is representative of the type(s) for which the replacement brake lining assembly approval is required shall be equipped with the replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is requested and instrumented for brake testing as required by Regulations Nos 13 and 13-H. Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service. 1.1.2. Bedding (burnishing) procedure 1.1.2.1. General conditions Brake lining assemblies submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes. In the case of replacement brake lining assemblies, new brake linings must be used. Drum brake linings may be machined to achieve the best possible initial contact between the linings and drum(s). The test vehicle shall be fully laden. Original brake lining assemblies used for comparison test and already fitted to the test vehicle may be used provided they are in a good condition and have not been worn out by more than 20 per cent of the initial thickness. They must not show damages, cracks, excessive corrosion or signs of overheating. They shall be bedded to the procedure described below. 1.1.2.2. Procedure Perform a minimum 50 km driving distance and at least 100 brake applications at varying decelerations (at least between 1 m/s2 and 5 m/s2) with initial speeds between 50 km/h and 120 km/h. A temperature range between 250 °C and 500 °C for pad assemblies or between 150 °C and 250 °C for drum brake lining assemblies (measured at the rubbing surface of the disc or drum) must be achieved at least three times during the bedding procedure. Temperatures must not exceed 500 °C for pad assemblies and 250 °C for drum brake lining assemblies. 1.1.2.3. Performance check By braking only one axle at a time perform five brake applications from 70 km/h to 0 km/h (front axle) and 45 km/h to 0 km/h (rear axle) at a line pressure of 4 Mpa (1) and with an initial temperature of 100 °C for each stop. The five consecutive non-monotonic results must remain within the tolerance of 0,6 m/s2 (front axle) or 0,4 m/s2 (rear axle) of their mean fully developed deceleration. If this requirement is not fulfilled the bedding procedure according to paragraph 1.1.2.2 must be extended and the performance check according to paragraph 1.1.2.3 must be repeated. 1.2. The braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to the requirements for the vehicle category in question (M1, M2 or N1) in Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1 and 2 or Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraphs 1 and 2 whichever is appropriate taking into consideration the original approval of the system. The applicable requirements or tests are: 1.2.1. Service braking system 1.2.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden, according to Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.4.2 or Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.4.2. 1.2.1.2. Type-0 test with engine connected, vehicle unladen and laden, according to Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1.4.3.1 (stability test) and 1.4.3.2 (only the test with initial speed v = 0,8vmax) or Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraphs 1.4.3.1 and 1.4.3.2. 1.2.1.3. Type-I test, according to Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5 or Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.5. 1.2.2. Secondary braking system 1.2.2.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden, according to Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2.2 or Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 2.2 (this test may be omitted in cases where it is obvious that the requirements are met, e.g. diagonal split braking system). 1.2.3. Parking braking system (Only applicable if the brakes for which lining approval is sought are used for parking). 1.2.3.1. Parking brake test at 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden, according to Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2.3.1 or parking brake test at 20 per cent gradient, vehicle laden, Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 2.3.1. 1.3. The vehicle must satisfy all the relevant requirements stated in Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2 or Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 2 for that category of vehicle. 2. Additional requirements Compliance with the additional requirements shall be demonstrated by using one of the two following methods: 2.1. Vehicle test (split axle test) For this test the vehicle shall be fully laden and all brake applications made with engine disconnected, on a level road. The vehicle service brake control system shall be equipped with a means of isolating front and rear axle brakes so that either may be used independently of the other. Where brake lining assembly approval is required for front axle brakes the rear axle brakes shall remain inoperative throughout the test. Where brake lining assembly approval is required for rear axle brakes the front axle brakes shall remain inoperative throughout the test. 2.1.1. Cold performance equivalence test A comparison of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining assembly and the original brake lining assembly shall be made by comparing the results of testing to the following method: 2.1.1.1. Make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced increments of pedal effort or line pressure up to wheel lock or, alternatively, up to a mean fully developed deceleration of 6 m/s2 or up to the allowed maximum pedal force for the category of vehicle in question from an initial speed as given in the table below: Vehicle category Test speed in km/h Front axle Rear axle M1 70 45 M2 50 40 N1 65 50 The initial brake temperature at the start of each application shall be ≤ 100 °C. 2.1.1.2. Note and plot pedal force or line pressure and mean fully developed deceleration for each application, and determine the pedal force or line pressure required to achieve (if possible) a mean fully developed deceleration of 5 m/s2 for front axle brakes and 3 m/s2 for rear axle brakes. If these values cannot be achieved with the maximum allowed pedal force determine alternatively the pedal force or line pressure required to achieve maximum deceleration. 2.1.1.3. The replacement brake lining assembly shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly if the achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same control force or line pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly. 2.1.2. Speed sensitivity test 2.1.2.1. Using the pedal force derived from paragraph 2.1.1.2 of this Annex and with initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from each of the following speeds: (a) Front axle 65, 100 km/h and additionally 135 km/h where vmax exceeds 150 km/h. (b) Rear axle 45, 65 km/h and additionally 90 km/h where vmax exceeds 150 km/h. 2.1.2.2. Average the results for each group of three applications and plot speed against corresponding mean fully developed deceleration. 2.1.2.3. Mean fully developed decelerations recorded for the higher speeds shall lie within 15 per cent of that recorded for the lowest speed. 2.2. Inertia dynamometer test 2.2.1. Test equipment For the tests an inertia dynamometer shall be equipped with the vehicle brake in question. The dynamometer shall be instrumented for continuous recording of rotational speed, brake torque, pressure in the brake line, number of rotations after brake application, braking time and brake rotor temperature. 2.2.2. Test conditions 2.2.2.1. The rotational mass of the dynamometer shall correspond to half the axle portion of the maximum vehicle mass as listed in the table below and to the rolling radius of the largest tyre that is authorised for that vehicle type(s). Vehicle category Axle portion of maximum vehicle mass Front Rear M1 0,77 0,32 M2 0,69 0,44 N1 0,66 0,39 2.2.2.2. The initial dynamometer rotational speed shall correspond to the linear vehicle speed as stated in paragraphs 2.2.3 and 2.2.4 of this Annex and shall be based on the dynamic rolling radius of the tyre. 2.2.2.3. Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and bedded (burnished) according to the following procedure: Burnishing phase 1, 64 snubs from 80 km/h to 30 km/h at varying line pressures: Rear axle Rear axle Parameter Front axle Disc brake Drum brake Number of snubs per cycle 32 32 32 Brake speed (km/h) 80 80 80 Release speed (km/h) 30 30 30 Initial brake temperature (°C) < 100 < 100 < 80 Final brake temperature (°C) Open Open Open Pressure snub 1 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500 Pressure snub 2 (kPa) 3 000 3 000 3 000 Pressure snub 3 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500 Pressure snub 4 (kPa) 1 800 1 800 1 800 Pressure snub 5 (kPa) 2 200 2 200 2 200 Pressure snub 6 (kPa) 3 800 3 800 3 800 Pressure snub 7 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500 Pressure snub 8 (kPa) 2 600 2 600 2 600 Pressure snub 9 (kPa) 1 800 1 800 1 800 Pressure snub 10 (kPa) 3 400 3 400 3 400 Pressure snub 11 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500 Pressure snub 12 (kPa) 2 600 2 600 2 600 Pressure snub 13 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500 Pressure snub 14 (kPa) 2 200 2 200 2 200 Pressure snub 15 (kPa) 3 000 3 000 3 000 Pressure snub 16 (kPa) 4 600 4 600 4 600 Pressure snub 17 (kPa) 2 600 2 600 2 600 Pressure snub 18 (kPa) 5 100 5 100 5 100 Pressure snub 19 (kPa) 2 200 2 200 2 200 Pressure snub 20 (kPa) 1 800 1 800 1 800 Pressure snub 21 (kPa) 4 200 4 200 4 200 Pressure snub 22 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500 Pressure snub 23 (kPa) 1 800 1 800 1 800 Pressure snub 24 (kPa) 4 600 4 600 4 600 Pressure snub 25 (kPa) 2 600 2 600 2 600 Pressure snub 26 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500 Pressure snub 27 (kPa) 3 400 3 400 3 400 Pressure snub 28 (kPa) 2 200 2 200 2 200 Pressure snub 29 (kPa) 1 800 1 800 1 800 Pressure snub 30 (kPa) 3 000 3 000 3 000 Pressure snub 31 (kPa) 1 800 1 800 1 800 Pressure snub 32 (kPa) 3 800 3 800 3 800 Number of cycles 2 2 2 Burnishing phase 2, 10 stops from 100 km/h to 5 km/h at 0,4 g deceleration and increasing initial temperatures: Rear axle Rear axle Parameter Front axle Disc brake Drum brake Number of stops per cycle 10 10 10 Brake speed (km/h) 100 100 100 Release speed (km/h) < 5 < 5 < 5 Deceleration level (g) 0,4 0,4 0,4 Maximum pressure (kPa) 16 000 16 000 10 000 Initial temperature 1 (°C) < 100 < 100 < 100 Initial temperature 2 (°C) < 215 < 215 < 151 Initial temperature 3 (°C) < 283 < 283 < 181 Initial temperature 4 (°C) < 330 < 330 < 202 Initial temperature 5 (°C) < 367 < 367 < 219 Initial temperature 6 (°C) < 398 < 398 < 232 Initial temperature 7 (°C) < 423 < 423 < 244 Initial temperature 8 (°C) < 446 < 446 < 254 Initial temperature 9 (°C) < 465 < 465 < 262 Initial temperature 10 (°C) < 483 < 483 < 270 Number of cycles 1 1 1 Recovery, 18 snubs from 80 km/h to 30 km/h at line pressure of 3 000 kPa: Rear axle Rear axle Parameter Front axle Disc brake Drum brake Number of stops per cycle 18 18 18 Brake speed (km/h) 80 80 80 Release speed (km/h) 30 30 30 Pressure (kPa) 3 000 3 000 3 000 Initial brake temperature (°C) < 100 < 100 < 80 Final brake temperature (°C) Open Open Open Number of cycles 1 1 1 2.2.2.4. Perform five brake applications from 80 km/h to 0 km/hat a line pressure of 4 MPa and with an initial temperature of 100 °C for each stop. The five consecutive non-monotonic results must remain within the tolerance of 0,6 m/s2 of their mean fully developed deceleration. If this requirement is not fulfilled the first part of the bedding procedure ‘Burnishing Phase 1’ must be repeated until the required performance stability is achieved. 2.2.2.5. The use of cooling air is permitted. The speed of the airflow during the brake application at the brake shall be: vair = 0,33v where: v = vehicle test speed at initiation of braking. 2.2.3. Cold performance equivalence test A comparison of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining assembly and the original brake lining assembly shall be made by comparing the results of testing to the following method. 2.2.3.1. From the initial speed of 80 km/h for M1 and N1 and 60 km/h for M2 and with brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the start of each application make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced intervals of line pressure up to a mean fully developed deceleration of 6 m/s2. 2.2.3.2. Note and plot line pressure and mean fully developed deceleration for each application, and determine line pressure required to achieve 5 m/s2. 2.2.3.3. The replacement brake lining assembly shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly if the achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same control force or line pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly. 2.2.4. Speed sensitivity test 2.2.4.1. Using the line pressure derived from paragraph 2.2.3.2 and with initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C make three brake applications from rotational speeds corresponding to vehicle linear speeds of: 75, 120 km/h and additionally 160 km/h where vmax exceeds 150 km/h. 2.2.4.2. Average the results for each group of three applications and plot speed against corresponding mean fully developed deceleration. 2.2.4.3. Mean fully developed decelerations recorded for the higher speeds shall lie within 15 per cent of that recorded for the lowest speed. (1) For other than hydraulic braking systems an equivalent input value should be used.

ANNEX 4 REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES AND DRUM BRAKE LININGS FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES M3, N2 AND N3 1. Vehicle test 1.1. Test vehicle A vehicle which is representative of the type(s) for which the replacement brake lining assembly approval or drum brake lining approval is required shall be equipped with brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings of the type for which approval is sought and instrumented for brake testing as required by Regulation No 13. Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service. 1.2. Tests and requirements 1.2.1. Conformance with Regulation No 13 1.2.1.1. The braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to the requirements for the vehicle category in question (M3, N2 or N3) in Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1 and 2 The applicable requirements or tests are: 1.2.1.1.1. Service braking system 1.2.1.1.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden 1.2.1.1.1.2. Type-0 test with engine connected, vehicle unladen and laden, according to Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1.4.3.1 (stability test) and 1.4.3.2 (only the test with initial speed v = 0,8 vmax). 1.2.1.1.1.3. Type-I test according to Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1.5.1 and 1.5.3. 1.2.1.1.1.4. Type-II test The laden vehicle must be tested in such a manner that the energy input is equivalent to that recorded in the same period of time with the laden vehicle driven at an average speed of 30 km/h on a 2,5 per cent down-gradient for a distance of 6 km with the gear disengaged, the braking energy being taken by the service brakes alone. 1.2.1.1.2. Secondary braking system 1.2.1.1.2.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden (this test may be omitted if covered by tests according to paragraph 1.2.2 of this Annex). 1.2.1.1.3. Parking braking system (Only applicable if the brakes for which lining approval is sought are used for parking.) 1.2.1.1.3.1. Downhill test at 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden 1.2.1.2. The vehicle must satisfy all relevant requirements stated in Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2 for that category of vehicle. 1.2.2. Additional requirements (split axle test) For the tests mentioned below the vehicle shall be fully laden and all brake applications made with engine disconnected, on a level road. The vehicle service brake control system shall be equipped with a means of isolating front and rear axle brakes so that either may be used independently of the other. Where brake lining assembly approval or drum brake lining approval is required for front axle brakes the rear axle brakes shall remain inoperative throughout the test. Where brake lining assembly approval or drum brake lining approval is required for rear axle brakes the front axle brakes shall remain inoperative throughout the test. 1.2.2.1. Cold performance equivalence test A comparison of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining and the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining shall be made by comparing the results of testing to the following method. 1.2.2.1.1. Make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced increments of pedal force or line pressure up to wheel lock or, alternatively, up to a mean fully developed deceleration of 3,5 m/s2 or up to the maximum allowed pedal force or up to the maximum line pressure from an initial speed of 45 km/h and with a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the start of each application. 1.2.2.1.2. Note and plot pedal force or line pressure and mean fully developed deceleration for each application, and determine the pedal force or line pressure required to achieve (if possible) a mean fully developed deceleration of 3 m/s2. If this value cannot be achieved determine alternatively the pedal force or line pressure required to achieve maximum deceleration. 1.2.2.1.3. The replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining if the achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same control force or line pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining. 1.2.2.2. Speed sensitivity test 1.2.2.2.1. Using the pedal force derived from paragraph 1.2.2.1.2 of this Annex and with initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from each of the following speeds: 40 km/h down to 20 km/h, 60 km/h down to 40 km/h, and 80 km/h down to 60 km/h (if vmax ≥ 90 km/h). 1.2.2.2.2. Average the results for each group of three applications and plot speed against corresponding mean fully developed deceleration. 1.2.2.2.3. Mean fully developed decelerations recorded for the higher speeds shall lie within 25 per cent of that recorded for the lowest speed. 2. Inertia dynamometer test 2.1. Test equipment For the tests an inertia dynamometer shall be equipped with the vehicle brake in question. The dynamometer shall be instrumented for continuous recording of rotational speed, brake torque, pressure in the brake line, number of rotations after brake application, braking time and brake rotor temperature. 2.1.1. Test conditions 2.1.1.1. The rotational mass of the dynamometer shall correspond to half the axle portion of 0,55 of the maximum vehicle mass and the rolling radius of the largest tyre that is authorised for that vehicle type(s). 2.1.1.2. The initial dynamometer rotational speed shall correspond to the linear vehicle speed as stated in the paragraphs below and shall be based on the mean of the dynamic rolling radii of the largest and smallest tyres authorised for that vehicle type(s). 2.1.1.3. Brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings submitted for the test shall be fitted to the brake and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service. 2.1.1.4. If cooling air is used, the speed of the airflow at the brake shall be: vair = 0,33v where: v = vehicle test speed at initiation of braking. 2.1.1.5. The actuation cylinder fitted to the brake must be of the smallest size that is authorised for that vehicle type(s). 2.2. Tests and requirements 2.2.1. Tests derived from Regulation No 13 2.2.1.1. Type-0 test From the initial speed of 60 km/h with a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the start of each application make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced intervals of line pressure up to the line pressure that is permanently guaranteed by the braking system of the vehicle type(s) (e.g. cut in pressure of the compressor). A mean fully developed deceleration of at least 5 m/s2 must be achieved. 2.2.1.2. Type-0 test, high speed performance Make three brake applications with a brake temperature of ≤ 100 °C at the start of each application from a speed of 100 km/h where approval is directed to vehicles of category N2 and 90 km/h where approval is directed to vehicles of categories M3 and N3 using the guaranteed line pressure as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.1. The mean value of the achieved mean fully developed decelerations of the three applications must be at least 4 m/s2. 2.2.1.3. Type-I test 2.2.1.3.1. Heating procedure Make 20 consecutive snub applications with v1 = 60 km/h and v2 = 30 km/h with a cycle time of 60 s starting at a brake temperature of ≤ 100 °C at the first application. The line pressure shall correspond to a deceleration of 3 m/s2 at the first application and must remain constant throughout the succeeding applications. 2.2.1.3.2. Hot performance On completion of the heating procedure the hot performance shall be measured under the conditions of paragraph 2.2.1.1 above using the guaranteed line pressure as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.1 (the temperature conditions may be different). The mean fully developed deceleration with the heated brake must not be less than 60 per cent of the value achieved with the cold brake or 4 m/s2. 2.2.1.3.3. Recovery Starting 120 s after the hot performance brake application, make five full stops with the line pressure used in paragraph 2.2.1.3.1 above and with intervals of at least two minutes from the initial speed of 60 km/h. At the beginning of the fifth application the brake temperature shall be ≤ 100 °C and the mean fully developed deceleration achieved shall be within 10 per cent of that calculated from the relation line pressure/deceleration of the Type-0 test at 60 km/h. 2.2.1.4. Type-II test 2.2.1.4.1. Heating procedure The brakes shall be heated by constant braking torque corresponding to a deceleration of 0,15 m/s2 at a constant speed of 30 km/h during a period of 12 minutes. 2.2.1.4.2. Hot performance On completion of the heating procedure the hot performance shall be measured under the conditions of paragraph 2.2.1.1 above using the guaranteed line pressure as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.1 (the temperature conditions may be different). The mean fully developed deceleration with the heated brake must not be less than 3,75 m/s2. 2.2.1.5. Static test for parking performance 2.2.1.5.1. For the whole range of applications determine the worst case regarding input force to the brake, maximum vehicle mass to be braked by one axle, and tyre radius. 2.2.1.5.2. Apply the brake with the input force as determined under paragraph 2.2.1.5.1 above. 2.2.1.5.3. Put a slowly increasing torque on the dynamometer shaft in order to turn the drum or disc. Measure the output torque at the brake in the moment the dynamometer shaft begins to move and calculate corresponding axle braking force using the tyre radius as determined under paragraph 2.2.1.5.1. 2.2.1.5.4. The brake force measured under paragraph 2.2.1.5.3 divided by one half of the vehicle mass as determined under paragraph 2.2.1.5.1 must give at least a quotient of 0,18. 2.2.2. Cold performance equivalence test A comparison of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining and the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining shall be made by comparing the results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 2.2.1.1. 2.2.2.1. The Type-0 test as prescribed in paragraph 2.2.1.1 shall be performed with one set of the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining. 2.2.2.2. The replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining if the achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same line pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining. 2.2.3. Speed sensitivity test 2.2.3.1. Using the guaranteed line pressure as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.1 and with initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from each of the following speeds: 60 km/h down to 30 km/h, 80 km/h down to 60 km/h, and 110 km/h down to 80 km/h (if vmax ≥ 90 km/h). 2.2.3.2. Average the results for each group of three applications and plot speed against corresponding mean fully developed deceleration. 2.2.3.3. Mean fully developed decelerations recorded for the higher speeds shall lie within 25 per cent of that recorded for the lowest speed.

ANNEX 5 REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES O1 AND O2 1. General The test method described in this Annex is based on an inertia dynamometer test. Alternatively the tests may be carried out on a test vehicle or on a rolling road test bench provided that the same test conditions are achieved and the same parameters measured as in the inertia dynamometer test. 2. Test equipment For the tests an inertia dynamometer shall be equipped with the vehicle brake in question. The dynamometer shall be instrumented for continuous recording of rotational speed, brake torque, pressure in the brake line or actuation force, number of rotations after brake application, braking time and brake rotor temperature. 2.1. Test conditions 2.1.1. The rotational mass of the dynamometer shall correspond to half the relevant axle portion of the maximum vehicle mass and the rolling radius of the largest tyre that is authorised for that vehicle type(s). 2.1.2. The initial dynamometer rotational speed shall correspond to the linear vehicle speed as stated in paragraph 3.1 of this Annex and shall be based on the dynamic rolling radius of the smallest tyre that is authorised for that vehicle type(s). 2.1.3. Brake linings submitted for the test shall be fitted to the relevant brake and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service. 2.1.4. If cooling air is used, the speed of the airflow at the brake shall be: vair = 0,33v where: v = vehicle test speed at initiation of braking. 2.1.5. The actuation device fitted to the brake must correspond to the vehicle installation. 3. Tests and requirements 3.1. Type-0 test From the initial speed of 60 km/h with a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the start of each application make a minimum of six consecutive brake applications at spaced intervals of line pressure or application force up to the maximum line pressure or up to 6 m/s2 deceleration. Repeat the last brake application using an initial speed of 40 km/h. 3.2. Type-I test 3.2.1. Heating procedure The brake shall be heated with continuous braking according to the requirement of Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5.2 starting with a brake rotor temperature ≤ 100 °C. 3.2.2. Hot performance On completion of the heating procedure the hot performance from an initial speed of 40 km/h shall be measured under the conditions of paragraph 3.2.1 above using the same line pressure or application force (the temperature conditions may be different). The mean fully developed deceleration with the heated brake must not be less than 60 per cent of the value achieved with the cold brake or 3,5 m/s2. 3.3. Cold performance equivalence test A comparison of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining assembly and the original brake lining assembly shall be made by comparing the results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 3.1. 3.3.1. The Type-0 test as prescribed in paragraph 3.1 shall be performed with one set of the original brake lining assembly. 3.3.2. The replacement brake lining assembly shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly if the achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same line pressure or application force in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly.

ANNEX 6 REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES AND DRUM BRAKE LININGS FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES O3 AND O4 1. Test conditions The tests prescribed in this Annex may be carried out alternatively on a test vehicle or on an inertia dynamometer or on a rolling road test bench under the same conditions as mentioned in Regulation 13, Annex 11, Appendix 2, paragraphs 3.1 to 3.4. Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service. 2. Tests and requirements 2.1. Conformance with Regulation No 13, Annex 11 The brakes shall be tested according to the requirements of Regulation No 13, Annex 11, Appendix 2, paragraph 3.5. 2.1.1. The results shall be reported in a form according to Regulation No 13, Annex 11, Appendix 3. 2.1.2. A comparison shall be made between these results and those obtained with the original brake lining assemblies or the original drum brake linings under the same conditions. 2.1.3. The achieved hot performance at the same input torque of the replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining in the Type-I test or in the Type-III test (whichever is applicable) must be: (a) equal to or higher than the hot performance of the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining; or (b) at least 90 per cent of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining. The corresponding stroke of the actuator must not be ≥ 110 per cent of the value achieved with the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining and must not exceed the value sp as defined in Annex 11, Appendix 2, paragraph 2 to Regulation No 13. In the case where the original brake lining assembly or drum brake lining has been tested against the Type-II test requirements, the minimum requirements of Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.7.2 (Type-III test) are applicable for the replacement brake lining assembly or drum brake lining. 2.2. Cold performance equivalence test (Type-0) 2.2.1. Under the conditions of paragraph 1 of this Annex and from an initial speed of 60 km/h with a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C make six brake applications at spaced intervals of control force or line pressure up to 6,5 bar or an achieved deceleration of 6 m/s2. 2.2.2. Note and plot control force or line pressure and mean brake torque or mean fully developed deceleration for each application. 2.2.3. Compare the results with those obtained with the original brake lining assemblies or the original drum brake linings under the same test conditions. 2.2.4. The replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining if the achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same input force or line pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within – 5 per cent and + 15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining.

ANNEX 7 REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORY L 1. Test conditions 1.1. A vehicle which is representative of the type(s) for which the replacement brake lining assembly approval is required shall be equipped with the brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is requested and instrumented for brake testing as required by Regulation No 78. 1.2. Brake lining assemblies submitted for the test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service. 1.3. In the case of brake lining assemblies for vehicles with a combined braking system in the meaning of paragraph 2.9 of Regulation No 78 the combination(s) of brake lining assemblies for the front and the rear axle to which the approval shall be directed must be tested. The combination may consist of replacement brake lining assemblies for both axles and/or a replacement brake lining assembly on one and an original brake lining assembly on the other axle. 2. Tests and requirements 2.1. Conformance with Regulation No 78 2.1.1. The braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to the requirements for the vehicle category in question (L1, L2, L3, L4 or L5) in Regulation No 78, Annex 3, paragraph 1. The applicable requirements or tests are: 2.1.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected The test is to be carried out only in the laden condition. Make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced increments of control force or line pressure up to wheel lock, or up to a deceleration of 6 m/s2 or up to the maximum allowed control force. 2.1.1.2. Type-0 test with engine connected Only applicable for vehicles of categories L3, L4 and L5 2.1.1.3. Type-0 test with wet brakes Not applicable to vehicles of category L5 or in cases of drum brakes or fully enclosed disc brakes not subjected to this test during approval to Regulation No 78. 2.1.1.4. Type-I test Only applicable for vehicles of categories L3, L4 and L5. 2.1.2. The vehicle must satisfy all the relevant requirements stated in Regulation No 78, Annex 3, paragraph 2 for that category of vehicles. 2.2. Additional requirements 2.2.1. Cold performance equivalence test A comparison of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining assembly and the original brake lining assembly shall be made by comparing the results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 2.1.1.1. 2.2.1.1. The Type-0 test as prescribed in paragraph 2.1.1.1 shall be performed with one set of the original brake lining assembly. 2.2.1.2. The replacement brake lining assembly shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly if the achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same line pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly. 2.2.2. Speed sensitivity test This test is only applicable for vehicles of categories L3, L4 and L5 and shall be carried out with the laden vehicle under the conditions of the Type-0 test with engine disconnected. However, the test speeds are different. 2.2.2.1. From the results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 2.1.1.1 determine the control force or line pressure corresponding to the minimum required mean fully developed deceleration for that category of vehicle. 2.2.2.2. Using the control force or line pressure determined in paragraph 2.2.2.1 and with initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from each of the following speeds: 40 km/h, 80 km/h and 120 km/h (if vmax ≥ 130 km/h). 2.2.2.3. Average the results for each group of three applications and plot speed against corresponding mean fully developed deceleration. 2.2.2.4. Mean fully developed decelerations recorded for the higher speeds shall lie within 15 per cent of that recorded for the lowest speed.

ANNEX 8 Technical prescriptions for replacement brake lining assemblies intended for the use in separate parking brake systems being independent of the vehicle service brake system 1. Compliance with Regulation No 13 or 13-H Compliance with the requirements of Regulation No 13 or 13-H shall be demonstrated in a vehicle test. 1.1. Vehicle test A vehicle which is representative of the type(s) for which the replacement brake lining assembly approval is required shall be equipped with the replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is requested and instrumented for brake testing as required by Regulation No 13 or Regulation No 13-H whichever is appropriate. The vehicle shall be fully laden. Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and, shall not be burnished. 1.2. The parking braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to all relevant requirements in Regulation No 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2.3 or Regulation No 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 2.3, whichever is appropriate taking into consideration the original approval of the system.

ANNEX 9 SPECIAL ADDITIONAL PROCEDURES FOR CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION PART A Determination of friction behaviour by machine testing 1. Introduction Part A applies to replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings approved to this Regulation. 1.1. Samples of a replacement brake lining assembly type shall be tested on a machine capable of generating the test conditions and applying the test procedures described in this Annex. 1.2. Test results shall be evaluated to determine sample friction behaviour. 1.3. The friction behaviour of samples shall be compared to assess conformity with the standard registered for a replacement brake lining assembly type. 2. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1, O1, O2, and L 2.1. Equipment 2.1.1. The machine shall be designed to accept and operate a full size brake similar to those fitted to the vehicle axle used for approval testing to paragraph 5 of this Regulation. 2.1.2. The disc or drum rotational speed shall be 660 ± 10 1/min (1) without load and shall not fall below 600 1/min on full load. 2.1.3. The test cycles and brake applications during the cycles to be adjustable and automatic. 2.1.4. Output torque or brake pressure (constant torque method) and working surface temperature shall be recorded. 2.1.5. Provisions shall be made to direct cooling air across the brake at a rate of 600 ± 60 m3/h. 2.2. Test procedure 2.2.1. Sample preparation The manufacturer’s bedding schedule shall ensure a minimum of 80 per cent surface contact area for pad assemblies without exceeding a surface temperature of 300 °C and 70 per cent surface contact area for the leading shoe assemblies without exceeding a surface temperature of 200 °C. 2.2.2. Test schedule The test schedule comprises a number of consecutive braking cycles each containing X braking intervals of five seconds brake applied followed by 10 seconds brake released. The following two methods may be used alternatively. 2.2.2.1. Test schedule with constant pressure 2.2.2.1.1. Pad assemblies The hydraulic pressure p under the piston(s) of the calliper shall be constant following the formula: Md = 150 Nm for Ak ≤ 18,1 cm2 Md = 300 Nm for Ak > 18,1 cm2 Ak = area of calliper piston(s) rw = effective radius of disc No of cycle Number of brake applications X Initial brake rotor temperature (°C) Maximum brake rotor temperature (°C) Forced cooling 1 1 × 10 ≤ 60 open no 2-6 5 × 10 100 open (350) (2) no 7 1 × 10 100 open yes 2.2.2.1.2. Shoe assemblies The mean contact pressure at the brake lining working surface shall be constant at 22 ± 6 N/cm2 calculated for a static brake without self-energising. No of cycle Number of brake applications X Initial brake rotor temperature (°C) Maximum brake rotor temperature (°C) Forced cooling 1 1 × 10 ≤ 60 200 yes 2 1 × 10 100 open no 3 1 × 10 100 200 yes 4 1 × 10 100 open no 2.2.2.2. Test schedule with constant torque This method applies only for pad assemblies. The brake torque shall be constant within a tolerance of ± 5 per cent and adjusted to guarantee the maximum brake rotor temperatures given in the table below. No of cycle Number of brake applications X Initial brake rotor temperature (°C) Maximum brake rotor temperature (°C) Forced cooling 1 1 × 5 ≤ 60 300-350 (200-250) (3) no 2-4 3 × 5 100 300-350 (200-250) no 5 1 × 10 100 500-600 (300-350) no 6-9 4 × 5 100 300-350 (200-250) no 10 1 × 10 100 500-600 (300-350) no 11-13 3 × 5 100 300-350 (200-250) no 14 1 × 5 ≤ 60 300-350 (200-250) no 2.3. Evaluation of test results Friction behaviour is determined from the brake torque noted at selected points in a test schedule. Where brake factor is constant, e.g. a disc brake, brake torque may be translated to coefficient of friction. 2.3.1. Pad assemblies 2.3.1.1. The operational coefficient of friction (μop) is the mean of the values recorded during cycles two to seven (constant pressure method) or during cycles 2-4, 6-9 and 11-13 (constant torque method); measurement being made one second after commencing the first brake application of each cycle. 2.3.1.2. The maximum coefficient of friction (μmax) is the highest value recorded during all cycles. 2.3.1.3. The minimum coefficient of friction (μmin) is the lowest value recorded during all cycles. 2.3.2. Shoe assemblies 2.3.2.1. The mean torque (Mmean) is the average of the maximum and minimum values of brake torque recorded during the fifth brake application of cycles 1 and 3. 2.3.2.2. The hot torque (Mhot) is the minimum brake torque developed during cycles 2 and 4. If the temperature exceeds 300 °C during these cycles the value at 300 °C is to be taken as Mhot. 2.4. Acceptance criteria 2.4.1. With each application for approval of a brake lining assembly type there shall be submitted: 2.4.1.1. For pad assemblies, values for μop, μmin, μmax. 2.4.1.2. For shoe assemblies, values for Mmean and Mhot. 2.4.2. During production of an approved brake lining assembly type, test samples must demonstrate compliance with the values registered under paragraph 2.4.1 of this Annex with the following tolerances: 2.4.2.1. For disc brake pads: μop ± 15 per cent of registered value; μmin ≥ registered value; μmax ≤ registered value. 2.4.2.2. For simplex drum brake linings: Mmean ± 20 per cent of registered value; Mhot ≥ registered value. 3. Brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M3, N2, N3, O3, and O4 3.1. Equipment 3.1.1. The machine shall be equipped with a disc brake of the fixed calliper type with a cylinder diameter of 60 mm and a solid (not ventilated) disc having a diameter of 278 ± 2 mm and a thickness of 12 mm ± 0,5 mm. A rectangular piece of the friction material with an area of 44 cm2 ± 0,5 cm2 and a thickness of at least 6 mm shall be attached to the backing plate. 3.1.2. The disc rotational speed shall be 660 ± 10 1/min without load and shall not fall below 600 1/min on full load. 3.1.3. The mean contact pressure at the brake lining working surface shall be constant at 75 N/cm2 ± 10 N/cm2. 3.1.4. The test cycles and brake applications during the cycles to be adjustable and automatic. 3.1.5. Output torque and working surface temperature shall be recorded. 3.1.6. Provisions shall be made to direct cooling air across the brake at a rate of 600 ± 60 m3/h. 3.2. Test procedure 3.2.1. Sample preparation The manufacturer’s bedding procedure shall ensure a minimum of 80 per cent surface contact area without exceeding a surface temperature of 200 °C. 3.2.2. Test schedule The test procedure comprises a number of consecutive braking cycles each containing a number of X braking intervals of five seconds brake applied followed by 10 seconds brake released. No of cycle Number of brake applications X Initial brake rotor temperature (°C) Forced cooling 1 5 100 yes 2 5 increasing ≤ 200 no 3 5 200 no 4 5 increasing ≤ 300 no 5 5 300 no 6 3 250 yes 7 3 200 yes 8 3 150 yes 9 10 100 yes 10 5 increasing ≤ 300 no 11 5 300 no 3.3. Evaluation of test results Friction behaviour is determined from the brake torque noted in selected cycles of the test schedule. Brake torque shall be translated to coefficient of friction μ. The μ-value of each brake application shall be determined as the mean value of the 5 seconds brake applied. 3.3.1. The operational coefficient of friction μop1 is the mean value of μ recorded for the brake applications in cycles 1 and μop2 is the mean value of μ recorded for the brake applications in cycle 9. 3.3.2. The maximum coefficient of friction μmax is the highest value of μ recorded in an application during cycles 1 to 11 inclusive. 3.3.3. The minimum coefficient of friction μmin is the lowest value of μ recorded in an application during cycles 1 to 11 inclusive. 3.4. Acceptance criteria 3.4.1. With each application for approval of a replacement brake lining assembly type or a replacement drum brake lining type, there shall be submitted values for μop1, μop2, μmin and μmax. 3.4.2. During production of an approved replacement brake lining assembly type or replacement drum brake lining type, test samples must demonstrate compliance with the values registered under paragraph 3.4.1 of this Annex within the following tolerances: μop1, μop2 ± 15 per cent of the registered value; μmin ≥ registered value; μmax ≤ registered value. PART B Conformity of production for brake discs and drums 1. Introduction Part B applies to replacement brake discs and drums approved to this Regulation. 2. Requirements Conformity of production is to be demonstrated through the routine control and documentation of at least the following: 2.1. Chemical composition 2.2. Microstructure The microstructure must be characterised in accordance with ISO 945-1:2006 (a) description of the composition of the matrix; (b) description of the graphite shape, distribution and size. 2.3. Mechanical properties (a) tensile strength measured in accordance with ISO 6892:1998; (b) Brinell hardness measured in accordance with ISO 6506-1:2005. In each case the measurements must be made on samples taken from the actual brake disc or drum. 2.4. Geometric features Brake discs: (a) thickness variation; (b) friction surface run out; (c) friction surface roughness; (d) cheek thickness variation (for ventilated brake discs). Brake drums: (a) ovality; (b) friction surface roughness. 2.5. Acceptance criteria With each application for approval of a replacement brake disc or drum there shall be submitted a production specification covering: (a) chemical composition and its permitted range, or where appropriate, maximum value, for each element; (b) microstructure as per paragraph 2.2; (c) mechanical properties as per paragraph 2.3 and their permitted range, or where appropriate, minimum value. During routine production of an approved replacement brake disc or drum production must demonstrate compliance with these registered specifications. In the case of geometric features the values prescribed in paragraph 5.3.3.1.1 for brake discs and paragraph 5.3.3.1.2 for brake drums must not be exceeded. 2.6. Documentation The documentation shall contain the manufacturer’s maximum and minimum permitted values. 2.7. Test frequency The measurements prescribed in this Annex should be carried out for each production batch. (1) In the case of vehicles of categories L1 and L2, a lower test speed may be used. (2) In the case of vehicles of category L, the temperature shall be limited to 350 °C. If necessary, the number of applications per cycle must be reduced accordingly. However, in this case, the number of cycles shall be increased to keep the total number of applications constant. (3) Values in brackets for vehicles of category L.

ANNEX 10 ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Brake disc design types (examples) Flat type Cylinder type Pot type Conical type Double flange type B Diameter of mounting bolt holes (or thread size in case of threaded holes) D External diameter of disc F(i) Inner diameter of friction surface (inboard) F(o) Inner diameter of friction surface (outboard) H Mounting flange thickness L(k) Width of cooling (ventilating) channel S(new) Disc thickness (nominal) S(min) Disc thickness (minimal permissible wear thickness) T(i) Internal diameter (mounting spigot diameter) T(k) ‘x’ number of mounting bolt holes and pitch circle diameter T(t) Overall length of disc 2. Brake drum (example) A Inside diameter of the drum B Friction surface width C ‘x’ number of mounting bolt holes and pitch circle diameter D Mounting spigot diameter E Outside drum width F Mounting flange thickness G Outside diameter of the drum H Casing diameter I Diameter of the mounting bolt holes

ANNEX 11 REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE DISCS OR BRAKE DRUMS FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES M AND N 1. Test overview The tests required in paragraph 5.3 of this Regulation are detailed as follows according to the vehicle category: Table A11/1A Vehicles of categories M1, N1 Vehicle test Alternative dynamometer test Performance tests according to Regulations Nos 13/13-H 2.2.1. Type-0, engine disconnected 3.4.1. Type-0, 2.2.2. Type-0, engine connected 3.4.4. Brake tests simulation engine connected Speed and load analogue to item 2.2.2 2.2.3. Type-I 3.4.2. Type-I 2.3. Parking braking system (if applicable) — Comparison test with original part 2.4. Testing the dynamic frictional properties (comparison test conducted on the individual axles) 3.5. Testing the dynamic frictional properties (comparison test conducted on the individual