Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html

UN Regulation No 150 – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of retro-reflective devices and markings for power-driven vehicles and their trailers [2021/1721]

Incorporating all valid text up to:

Supplement 3 to the original version of the Regulation — Date of entry into force: 30 September 2021

This document is meant purely as documentation tool. The authentic and legally binding texts are:

— ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2018/159/Rev.1

— ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2019/83

— ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2020/34 and

— ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2021/47

CONTENTS

REGULATION

1. Scope

2. Definitions

3. Administrative provisions

4. General requirements

5. Specific technical requirements

6. Transitional provisions

ANNEXES

1 Communication

2 Minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures

3 Minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector

4 Photometric measurements of retro-reflective devices and marking materials

5 Specifications of shape and dimensions

6 Resistance to heat

7 Resistance to water penetration for retro-reflective devices

8 Alternative test procedures of resistance to water penetration for retro-reflective devices of the Classes IB and IIIB

9 Resistance to fuels

10 Resistance to lubricating oils

11 Resistance to corrosion (ISO Standard 3768)

12 Resistance of the accessible rear face of mirror-backed retro-reflective devices

13 Resistance to weathering

14 Stability of photometric properties

15 Resistance to cleaning in the case of a sample unit of retro-reflective marking devices

16 Bonding strength

17 Flexing - Retro-reflecting Markings

18 Resistance to impact

19 Rigidity of plates

20 Further test procedures for Advance Warning Triangles of Type 1 and 2

21 Colour-fastness of retro-reflective devices of the Classes IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB and IVA

22 Colour fastness to artificial light – Xenon-arc lamp test

Appendix 1 Definition of the Grey Scale

23 Description of the measurement geometry for measurement of the colour and the luminance factor of fluorescent retro-reflective materials

24 Examples of approval marks

25 Guidelines for installation of rear marking plates on slow-moving vehicles (by construction) and their trailers

INTRODUCTION

This Regulation combines the provisions of individual UN Regulations Nos. 3, 27, 69, 70 and 104 into a single UN Regulation, and is the outcome of the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) decision to simplify the lighting and light-signalling Regulations based on the initial proposal by the European Union and Japan.

The objective of this Regulation is to increase the clarity, to consolidate and streamline the complexity of requirements in UN Regulations Nos. 3, 27, 69, 70 and 104 and to prepare for the future transition to performance based requirements, by reducing the number of UN Regulations through an editorial exercise without changing any of the detailed technical requirements already in force up to the date of entry into force of this Regulation.

Although this Regulation departs from the traditional approach of having a separate Regulation for each retro-reflective device, by combining all retro-reflectors retro-reflective marking plates, retro-reflective markings and advance warning triangles into a single Regulation, this simplified UN Regulation contains all provisions and operates according to the existing structure of series of amendments, their transitional provisions and supplements. The transitional provisions associated with a new series of amendments to this Regulation will be identified for each device as applicable, this also includes a list of devices and their applicable change indexes relating to the series of amendments.

It is expected that all Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement will adopt this Regulation and will provide detailed explanation in case they are not in a position to adopt particular retro-reflective devices. These decisions will be registered in ECE/TRANS/WP.29/343 that records the status of the annexed UN Regulations and of the amendments.

Regarding the requirements for approval markings, this Regulation includes the requirements for the use of the "Unique Identifier" and is conditional upon access to a secure internet database established by UNECE (in accordance with Schedule 5 of the 1958 Agreement) where all type approval documentation is held. When the “Unique Identifier” is used there is no requirement for retro-reflective devices to carry the conventional type approval markings (E-mark). If it is technically not possible to use the "Unique Identifier" (e.g. if the access to the UN internet database cannot be secured or the UN secure internet database is not operative) the use of conventional type approval markings is required until the use of the "Unique Identifier" is enabled.

1. SCOPE

This Regulation applies to retro-reflective devices as:

Retro-reflectors of the Classes IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB and IVA

Retro-reflective Markings of the Classes C, D, E and F

Retro-reflective Marking Plates for Heavy and Long Vehicles of the Classes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Retro-reflective Marking Plates for Slow Moving Vehicles of the Classes 1 and 2

Advance Warning Triangles of Type 1 and 2

2. DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Regulation:

2.1. All the definitions given in the latest series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 48 in force at the time of application for type approval shall apply, unless otherwise specified in this Regulation or in the pertinent installation UN Regulations Nos. 53, 74 and 86.

2.1.1. " Retro-reflective devices of different types " means retro-reflective devices, as retro-reflectors or retro-reflective materials or marking plates or advance warning triangles of different types, which differ in such essential respects as: (a) The trade name or mark: (i) Retro-reflective devices bearing the same trade name or mark but produced by different manufacturers are considered as being of different types; (ii) Retro-reflective devices produced by the same manufacturer differing only by the trade name or mark are considered as being of the same type; (b) The characteristics of the retro-reflective material; (c) The characteristics of the fluorescent material, if applicable; (d) The parts affecting the properties of the retro-reflective materials and/or plates; (e) The distinctive geometrical and mechanical features of the design (only for plates/devices corresponding to the Annex 5. For materials and/or plates corresponding to the Annex 5, differences in the shape and dimensions of the marking shall not constitute a different type.

2.1.2. In the case of a type of " retro-reflective device " or reflective marking material differing only by the trade name or mark from a type that has already been approved it shall be sufficient to submit: (a) A declaration by the "retro-reflective device" or reflective marking material manufacturer that the type submitted is identical with (except in the trade name or mark) and has been produced by the same manufacturer as the type already approved, the latter being identified by its approval number; (b) Two samples bearing the new trade name or mark or equivalent documentation.

2.2. A type of " retro-reflective device " or retro-reflective material is defined by the models and descriptive literature submitted with the application for approval. Retro-reflective devices can be considered as belonging to the same type if they have one or more "retro-reflecting optical units" which are identical with those of the standard model, or if not identical are symmetrical and suitable for mounting one on the left and one on the right side of the vehicle, and if their other parts differ from those of the standard model only in ways not affecting the properties to which this Regulation applies. A change of colour of the retro-reflective materials of the Classes “D” and “E” does not constitute a change of type.

2.3. Definitions CIE-Goniometer System

2.3.1. Geometric definitions (see Figure A4-II)

2.3.1.1. " Illumination axis (symbol I) " means a line segment from the centre of reference to the light source.

2.3.1.2. " Observation axis (symbol O) " means a line segment from the centre of reference to the photometer head;

2.3.1.3. " Observation angle (symbol α) " means the angle between the illumination axis and the observation axis. The observation angle is always positive and, in the case of retro-reflection, is restricted to small angles;

2.3.1.4. " Observation on half-plane " means the half-plane which originates on the illumination axis and which contains the observation axis;

2.3.1.5. " Reference axis (symbol R) " means a designated line segment originating on the centre of reference which is used to describe the angular position of the retro-reflective device;

2.3.1.6. " Entrance angle (symbol β) " means the angle from the illumination axis to the reference axis. The entrance angle is usually not larger than 90° but, for completeness, its full range is defined as 0° < β < 180°. In order to specify the orientation in full, this angle is characterised by two components, β 1 and β 2 ;

2.3.1.7. " Rotation angle (symbol ε) " means the angle indicating the orientation of the retro-reflecting material by an appropriate symbol with respect to rotation about the reference axis. If retro-reflective materials or devices have a marking (e.g. TOP), this marking governs the starting position. The angle of rotation ε lies in the range -180° < ε <+180°.

2.3.1.8. " First axis (symbol 1) " means an axis through the centre of reference and perpendicular to the observation half-plane;

2.3.1.9. " First component of the entrance angle (symbol β 1 ) " means the angle from the illumination axis to the plane containing the reference axis and the first axis; range: -180° < β1 < 180°;

2.3.1.10. " Second component of the entrance angle (symbol β 2 ) " means the angle from the plane containing the observation half-plane to the reference axis; range -90° < β2 < 90°;

2.3.1.11. " Second axis (symbol 2) " means an axis through the centre of reference and perpendicular to both the first axis and the reference axis. The positive direction of the second axis lies in the observation half-plane when -90° < β 1 < 90° as shown in Figure A4-II.

2.3.2. Definition of photometric terms

2.3.2.1. " Coefficient of retro-reflection (symbol R') " means the quotient of the coefficient of luminous intensity R of a plane retro-reflecting surface and its area A The coefficient of retro-reflection R' is expressed in candelas per m2 per lx (cd•m-2•lx-1) (Luminance / Illumination);

2.3.2.2. " Angular diameter of the retro-reflector sample (symbol η 1 ) " means the angle subtended by the greatest dimension of the retro-reflective sample, either at the centre of the source of illumination or at the centre of the receiver (ß 1 = ß 2 = 0°);

2.3.2.3. " Angular diameter of the receiver (symbol η 2 ) " means the angle subtended by the greatest dimension of the receiver as seen from the centre of reference (β 1 = β 2 = 0°);

2.3.2.4. " Luminance factor (symbol ß) " means the ratio of the luminance of the body to the luminance of a perfect diffuser under identical conditions of illumination and observation;

2.3.2.5. " Colour of the reflected light of the device " - the definitions of the colour of the reflected light are given in paragraph 2.11. of UN Regulation No. 48.

3. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS

3.1. Application for approval

3.1.1. The application for type approval shall be submitted by the holder of the trade name or mark or by his duly accredited representative. It shall be accompanied by:

3.1.1.1. In case of retroreflectors: (a) At the choice of the applicant, the application for type approval will specify that the device may be installed on a vehicle with different inclinations of the reference axis in respect to the vehicle reference planes and to the ground or, in the case of Classes IA, IB and IVA retro-reflectors, rotate around its reference axis; these different conditions of installation shall be indicated in the communication form; (b) Drawings, in triplicate, in sufficient detail to permit identification of the type, showing geometrically the position(s) in which the retro-reflecting device may be fitted to the vehicle, and in case of class IB or IIIB-retro-reflectors details of installation. The drawings must show the position intended for the approval number and class indicator in relation to the circle of the approval mark; (c) A brief description giving the technical specifications of the materials of which the retro-reflecting optical unit is made; (d) Samples of the retro-reflecting device of a colour specified by the manufacturer and, if necessary, the means of fixation; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in paragraphs 5.1. and 5.2.; (e) If necessary, two samples in other colour(s) for simultaneous or subsequent extension of the approval to devices in other colour(s); (f) In the case of devices of Class IVA: samples of the retro-reflecting device and, if necessary, the means of fixation; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in paragraph 5.3.

3.1.1.2. In case of advance warning triangles: (a) Dimensional drawings in triplicate in sufficient detail to permit identification of the type; (b) A brief description giving the technical specifications of the materials constituting the advance warning triangle and instructions for use; (c) A copy of the instructions on its assembly for use; (d) Samples of the retro-reflective and of the fluorescent areas; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in paragraph 5.9.

3.1.1.3. In case of marking plates: (a) Drawings, in triplicate, sufficiently detailed to permit identification of the type. The drawings shall show geometrically the position in which the marking plate is to be fitted to the rear end of the vehicle. They shall also show the position intended for the approval number and the identification symbol in relation to the circle of the approval mark; (b) A brief description giving the technical specifications of the materials of which the retro-reflective areas are made; (c) A brief description giving the technical specifications of the materials of which the fluorescent areas are made; (d) Samples of the retro-reflective and of the fluorescent areas; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in paragraphs 5.7. and 5.8.

3.1.1.3.1. The Type Approval Authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production before type approval is granted.

3.1.1.4. In case of retro-reflective marking material: (a) Drawings, in triplicate, sufficiently detailed to permit identification of the type. The drawings shall show geometrically the orientation in which the marking materials are to be fitted to a vehicle. They shall also show the position intended for the approval number and the identification symbol in relation to the circle of the approval mark; (b) A brief description giving the technical specifications of the retro-reflective marking materials; (c) Samples of the retro-reflective marking materials, as specified in paragraphs 5.4. and 5.5.; (d) In the case of a type of reflective marking material differing only by the trade name or mark from a type that has already been approved it shall be sufficient to submit: (i) A declaration by the reflective marking material manufacturer that the type submitted is identical with (except in the trade name or mark) and has been produced by the same manufacturer as the type already approved, the latter being identified by its approval code; (ii) Two samples bearing the new trade name or mark or equivalent documentation.

3.2. Approval

3.2.1. A separate approval is required for each retro-reflective device listed in paragraph 1.

3.2.2. Notice of approval or of extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval of a type of a device pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement which apply this Regulation, by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1;

3.2.3. An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved and shall be marked on the device following the requirements of paragraph 3.3. The same Contracting Party shall not assign the same number to another type of device of the same function, except in the case of an extension of the approval to a device differing only in colour.

3.2.4. If the approval granted in respect of a retro-reflecting device is extended to other such devices differing only in colour, the two samples in any other colour submitted in conformity with paragraph 3.1.1.1. (d) of this Regulation shall be required to meet only the colorimetric and photometric specifications, the other tests no longer being required. This paragraph is not applicable to devices of Class IVA.

3.2.5. The symbols identifying the retro-reflective devices to be referenced in the Annex 1 shall be as follows: Table 1 List of retro-reflective devices and their symbols Retro-reflective devices Symbol Additional symbol Minimum "a" for Figure A24-I (values in mm) Paragraph Retro-reflector for motor vehicles (independent) IA 4 5.1. Retro-reflector for motor vehicles (combined with other signal lamps which are not watertight) IB 4 5.1. Retro-reflector for trailers (independent) IIIA 4 5.2. Retro-reflector for trailers (combined with other signal lamps which are not watertight) IIIB 4 5.2. Wide-angle retro reflector IVA 4 5.3. Conspicuity marking (material for contour/strip marking) C 104R 12 5.4. Conspicuity marking (material for distinctive markings/graphics intended for a limited area) D 104R 12 5.5 Conspicuity marking (material for distinctive markings/graphics intended for an extended area) E 104R 12 5.5. Conspicuity marking (materials for distinctive markings or graphics as base or background in printing process for fully coloured logos and markings of class "E" in use which fulfil the requirements of class "D" materials) D/E 104R 12 5.5. Retro-reflective materials for extremities marking of class F F 104R 12 5.6. Retro-reflective marking for long or heavy vehicles (retro-reflective and fluorescent materials) Marking plate of class 1 or class 2 RF 5 5.7. Retro-reflective marking for long or heavy vehicles (retro-reflective only materials) - Marking plate of class 3, class 4 or class 5 RR 5 5.7. for class 3 or 4 5.6. for class 5 Marking for slow moving vehicles (retro-reflective and fluorescent materials) - Marking plate of class 1 RF 5 5.8. Marking for slow moving vehicles (retro-reflective only materials) - Marking plate of class 2 RR 5 5.8. Advance Warning Triangle - 27R 8 5.9.

3.2.6. The applicable change indexes for each device relating to the series of amendments shall be as follows (see also paragraph 6.1.1.): Table 2 Series of amendments and change index Series of amendments to the Regulation 00 Device Change Index for the specific device Retro-reflector for motor vehicles (independent) 0 Retro-reflector for motor vehicles (combined with other signal lamps which are not watertight) 0 Retro-reflector for trailers (independent) 0 Retro-reflector for trailers (combined with other signal lamps which are not watertight) 0 Wide-angle retro reflector 0 Conspicuity marking (material for contour/strip marking) 0 Conspicuity marking (material for distinctive markings/graphics intended for a limited area) 0 Conspicuity marking (material for distinctive markings/graphics intended for an extended area) 0 Conspicuity marking (materials for distinctive markings or graphics as base or background in printing process for fully coloured logos and markings of class "E" in use which fulfil the requirements of class "D" materials) 0 Retro-reflective materials for extremities marking of class F 0 Retro-reflective marking for long or heavy vehicles (retro-reflective and fluorescent materials) Marking plate of class 1 or class 2 0 Retro-reflective marking for long or heavy vehicles (retro-reflective only materials) Marking plate of class 3, class 4 or class 5 0 Marking for slow moving vehicles (retro-reflective and fluorescent materials) Marking plate of class 1 0 Marking for slow moving vehicles (retro-reflective only materials) Marking plate of class 2 0 Advance Warning Triangle 0

3.3. Approval mark

3.3.1. General provisions

3.3.1.1. Every device belonging to an approved type shall comprise a space of sufficient size for the Unique Identifier (UI) as referred to in the 1958 Agreement and other markings as defined in paragraph 3.3.4.2. to 3.3.4.6. or, if technically not possible, the approval marking with the additional symbols and other markings as defined in paragraph 3.3.2.

3.3.1.2. Examples of the arrangement of the markings are shown in Annex 24.

3.3.2. The approval marking shall consist of:

3.3.2.1. A circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval.

3.3.2.2. The approval number prescribed in paragraph 3.2.3.

3.3.2.3. The symbols identifying the retro-reflective device prescribed in paragraph 3.2.4.

3.3.2.4. The number of this Regulation followed by the letter 'R' and the two digits indicating the series of amendments in force at the time of issue of the approval.

3.3.2.5. The approval number shall be placed close to the circle prescribed in paragraph 3.3.2.1.

3.3.2.6. On devices with reduced light distribution, in conformity with paragraph 5.1.4.5., 5.2.3.2. or 5.3.4.2. to this Regulation, a vertical arrow starting from a horizontal segment and directed downwards.

3.3.3. The Unique Identifier mark shall follow the format in the example shown below:

a ≥ 8 mm

The above Unique Identifier marked on the retro-reflective device shows that the type concerned has been approved and that the relevant information on that type approval can be accessed on the UN secure internet database by using 270650 as the Unique Identifier.

3.3.4. Marking requirements Retro-reflective devices for approval

3.3.4.1. Comprise a space sufficient size for the approval marking or the Unique Identifier.

3.3.4.1.1. In any case the approval marking or the Unique Identifier shall be visible when the retro-reflective device is fitted on the vehicle or when a movable part such as the hood or boot lid or a door is opened.

3.3.4.1.2. The approval marking shall be placed on an inner or outer part (transparent or not) of the retro-reflective device which cannot be separated from the transparent part of the retro-reflective device.

3.3.4.2. Bear the trade name or mark of the applicant; this marking shall be clearly legible and indelible.

3.3.4.2.1. In case of a retro-reflective device of Class IA, IIIA, IB, IIIB or IVA, the word “TOP” inscribed horizontally on the highest part of the illuminating surface, if such an indication is necessary to determine without ambiguity the angle or angles of rotation prescribed by the manufacturer.

3.3.4.2.2. In case of Class C, D, E or F, an orientation mark "TOP" which must be inscribed on any marking material whose retro-reflective system is not omni-rotational at least: (a) On strips in a 0,5 m distance, (b) On areas within 100 x 100 mm2.

3.3.4.2.3. In case of Class 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, on the plates whose retro-reflective system is not omni-rotational, the word "TOP" is inscribed horizontally on the part of the plates which is intended to be the highest part of the plate when mounted on the vehicle.

3.3.4.3. The symbols identifying the retro-reflective device, marking materials or plates and the additional symbols prescribed in Table 1.

3.3.4.4. The approval mark shall be clearly legible and indelible.

3.3.4.4.1. In case of Class C, D, E or F, the approval mark shall be visible and clearly legible on the outside of the marking material and shall be indelible and positioned at least once: (a) At 0,5 m intervals on strips, (b) On areas within 100 x 100 mm2

3.3.4.5. The approval number and the additional symbols shall be placed close to the circle and either above or below the letter "E", or to the right or left of that letter. The digits of the approval number shall be on the same side of the letter "E" and face the same direction.

3.3.4.6. The space for the approval mark shall be shown in the drawings mentioned in paragraph 3.1.1.

3.3.4.7. When two or more lamps are part of the same unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps (including a retro-reflector), approval is granted only if each of these lamps satisfies the requirements of this Regulation or of another Regulation. Lamps not satisfying any one of those Regulations shall not be part of such a unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps.

3.3.4.8. Where grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps comply with the requirements of several Regulations, a single international approval mark may be applied, consisting of a circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted the approval, an approval number and, if necessary, the required arrow. This approval mark may be placed anywhere on the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps provided that:

3.3.4.8.1. It is visible after their installation;

3.3.4.8.2. No part of the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps that transmits light can be removed without at the same time removing the approval mark.

3.3.4.9. The identification symbol for each lamp appropriate to each Regulation, under which approval has been granted, together with the corresponding series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval, shall be marked:

3.3.4.9.1. Either on the appropriate light-emitting surface,

3.3.4.9.2. Or in a group, in such a way that each lamp of the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps may be clearly identified (see the possible examples shown in Annex 24).

3.3.4.10. The size of the components of a single approval mark shall not be less than the minimum size required for the smallest of the individual marks by a Regulation under which approval has been granted.

3.3.4.11. The space for the approval mark shall be shown in the drawings mentioned in paragraph 3.1.2.3.;

3.4. Modifications of a type of retro-reflective device for motor vehicles and their trailers and extension of approval

3.4.1. Every modification of the type of retro-reflective device shall be notified to the Type Approval Authority which approved the type. The Authority may then either:

3.4.1.1. Consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an appreciable adverse effect, and that in any case the retro-reflective of device still meets the requirements; or

3.4.1.2. Require a further report from the technical service responsible for conducting the tests.

3.4.2. Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the alterations, shall be communicated by the procedure specified in paragraph 3.2.2. to the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation.

3.4.3. The Type Approval Authority issuing the extension of approval shall assign a series number for such an extension and inform thereof the other Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying the UN Regulation under which the approval has been granted by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1.

3.5. Conformity of production

The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in the 1958 Agreement, Schedule 1 (E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.3), with the following requirements:

3.5.1. Retro-reflectors approved under this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements set forth in paragraphs 4 and 5.

3.5.1.1. The minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures set forth in Annex 2 shall be complied with.

3.5.1.2. The minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector set forth in Annex 3 shall be complied with.

3.5.2. The authority which has granted type approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applied in each production facility. The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once every two years.

3.5.3. Advance warning triangles approved under this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved under this Regulation. The compliance with the requirements set forth in paragraphs 4. and 5. shall be verified as follows:

3.5.3.1. In addition, the stability in time of the optical properties and colour of retro-reflecting optical units of advance warning triangles conforming to an approved type and in use shall be verified. In the event of a systematic deficiency of the retro-reflecting optical units of advance warning triangles in use and conforming to an approved type, approval may be withdrawn. A "systematic deficiency" shall be deemed to exist where an approved type of advance warning triangle fails to meet the requirements of paragraph 5.

3.5.4. Any retro-reflective marking material approved to this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements set forth in paragraphs 4. and 5.

3.5.4.1. The conformity of production shall not be contested if the mean value of the photometric measurements of five specimens taken at random deviates unfavourably by not more than 20 per cent from the prescribed values given in paragraphs 4. and 5.

3.5.4.2. The conformity of production shall not be contested, if the mean value of the colorimetric properties of five specimens taken at random meet the specifications of paragraphs 4. and 5. to be judged by visual inspection.

3.5.4.3. The authority which has granted type approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applied in each production facility. The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once every two years.

3.5.5. Any retro-reflective marking plates approved to this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements set forth in paragraphs 4. and 5. (as to resistance to external agents, only paragraph 5.7.6.1. is applied).

3.5.5.1. The minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures set forth in Annex 2 to this Regulation shall be complied with.

3.5.5.2. The minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector set forth in Annex 3 to this Regulation shall be complied with.

3.5.5.3. The authority which has granted type approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applied in each production facility. The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once every two years.

3.6. Penalties for non-conformity of production

3.6.1. The approval granted may be withdrawn if the requirements in this Regulation are not met.

3.6.2. If a Contracting Party to the 1958 Agreement which applies this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1.

3.7. Production definitively discontinued

If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a retro-reflective device approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication, that authority shall inform thereof the other Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1.

3.8. Name and address of the Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests; and of Type Approval Authorities

The Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation shall communicate to the United Nations secretariat the names and addresses of the Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the Type Approval Authorities which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, or the definitive discontinuation of production issued in other countries, are to be sent.

4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The requirements contained in sections 5. "General specifications" and 6. "Individual specifications" and in the Annexes referenced in the said sections of UN Regulations Nos. 48, 53, 74 or 86, and their series of amendments in force at the time of application for the retro-reflecting device type approval shall apply to this Regulation.

The requirements pertinent to each retro-reflecting device and to the category/ies of vehicle on which the retro-reflecting device is intended to be installed shall be applied, where its verification at the moment of retro-reflecting device type approval is feasible.

4.1. For the purpose of this Regulation, retro-reflectors or retro-reflective materials or marking plates or advance warning triangles for general descriptions herein after referred to as "retro-reflective devices".

4.1.1. Retro-reflective devices shall be so constructed that they function satisfactorily and will continue to do so in normal use. In addition, they must not have any defect in design or manufacture that is detrimental to their efficient operation or to their maintenance in good condition.

4.1.2. The components of retro-reflective devices or parts thereof shall not be capable of being easily dismantled.

4.1.3. The means of attachment of the marking materials shall be durable and stable.

4.1.4. The outer surface of retro-reflective devices shall be easy to clean. The surface shall therefore not be rough and any protuberances they may exhibit shall not prevent easy cleaning.

4.1.5. There shall be no access to the inner surface of the retro-reflectors when in normal use.

4.1.6. In case of retro-reflectors

4.1.6.1. Retro-reflective devices may consist of a combined retro-reflecting optical unit and filter, which must be so designed that they cannot be separated under normal conditions of use.

4.1.6.2. The colouring of retro-reflecting optical units and filters by means of paint or varnish is not permitted.

4.2. Colorimetric test conditions

4.2.1. Test procedure for night time colours:

4.2.1.1. These specifications shall apply only to white, red or amber retro-reflective devices.

4.2.1.2. For testing the colour of the retro-reflective device, this device shall be illuminated by the CIE Standard Illuminant A, with an angle of divergence of 1/3 degrees and an illumination angle of V = H = 0 degree, or, if this produces a colourless surface reflection, an angle V = +/- 5 degrees, H = 0 degree, the trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits according to the specifications for the individual retroreflecting device in paragraph 4.

4.2.1.3. White retro-reflective devices must not produce a selective reflection, that is to say, the trichromatic coordinates "x" and "y" of Standard Illuminant "A" used to illuminate the retro-reflective device must not undergo a change of more than 0.01 after reflection by the retro-reflective device.

4.2.2. Test procedure for day time colours:

4.2.2.1. For testing the day time colour of the materials, the material shall be illuminated by the CIE Standard Illuminant D 65 at an angle of 45° to the normal and viewed (measured) along the normal (45/0 geometry), with a spectrophotometer in accordance with the provisions of CIE document No. 15 (1971). The colour of the material in new condition shall be within the limits according to the specifications for the individual retro-reflective device in paragraph 5.9.5.2.2.

4.2.3. Test procedure for fluorescent colours:

4.2.3.1. Colour of the fluorescent material without retro-reflection:

4.2.3.1.1. For testing the colour of the fluorescent material, the material shall be illuminated by the CIE Standard Illuminant D65 (ISO 11664-2:2007(E)/CIE S 014-2/E:2006) and measured with a spectrophotometer in accordance with the provisions of Publication CIE 15:2004, Recommendations on Colorimetry - Second Edition, either illuminated polychromatically or with a monochromator providing stepwise the CIE Standard Illuminant D 65 (ISO 11664-2:2007(E)/CIE S 014-2/E:2006) at an angle 45 o to the normal and viewed along the normal (geometry 45/0). In the latter case, the stepwise resolution Δλ shall be not larger than 10 nm. Alternatively, similar "illuminants" are allowed, if verified that the colorimetric measuring procedure is of the same sufficient accuracy, meaning that the quality of the simulation of D65 shall be assessed by the method described in ISO 23603:2005(E)/CIE S 012/E:2004. The spectral distribution of the illuminant shall be in category BC (CIELAB) or better. The illumination shall be carried out at an angle 45o to the normal and viewed along the normal (geometry 45/0).

4.2.3.2. Colour of the fluorescent material with retro-reflection:

4.2.3.2.1. For testing the colour of the fluorescent material, the material shall be illuminated by the CIE Standard Illuminant D65 (ISO 11664-2:2007(E)/CIE S 014-2/E:2006) and measured with a spectrophotometer in accordance with the provisions of publication CIE 15:2004, Recommendations on Colorimetry - second edition, either illuminated polychromatically or with a monochromator providing stepwise the CIE Standard Illuminant D 65 (ISO 11664-2:2007(E)/CIE S 014-2/E:2006). In the latter case, the stepwise resolution Δλ shall be not larger than 10 nm. Alternatively, similar "illuminants" are allowed, if verified that the colorimetric measuring procedure is of the same sufficient accuracy, meaning that the quality of the simulation of D65 shall be assessed by the method described in ISO 23603:2005(E)/CIE S 012/E:2004. The spectral distribution of the illuminant shall be in category BC (CIELAB) or better. The illumination shall be carried out circumferential at an angle 45 o to the normal and viewed along the normal (annular geometry 45/0) (circumferential/normal geometry), as described in Annex 23.

4.3. Determination of the luminance factor:

4.3.1. For the determination of the luminance factor, the sample shall be tested (a) For retro-reflective devices without fluorescence (day time colours) and fluorescent material without retro-reflection with the same method as described in paragraph 4.2.3.1.; (b) For fluorescent material with retro-reflection with the same method as described in paragraph 4.2.3.2.

4.3.1.1. By putting the luminance L of the sample into relation to the luminance Lo of a perfect diffuser whose luminance factor ☐ o is known under identical conditions of illumination and observation; the luminance factor ☐☐ of the sample then results from the formula:

4.3.1.2. When the colour of the fluorescent material has been colorimetrically determined in compliance with paragraph 4.2.3., from the ratio of the tristimulus value Y the sample and the tristimulus value of the perfect diffuser Y o in this case it is:

5. SPECIFIC TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

5.1. Technical requirements concerning retro-reflectors of the Classes IA and IB (Symbols "IA" and "IB")

5.1.1. Every retro-reflector of the Classes IA and IB, when tested according to paragraph 5.1.7., shall meet: (a) The dimensions and shape requirements set forth in Annex 5; and (b) The photometric and colorimetric requirements as specified in paragraphs 5.1.4. to 5.1.5.; and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in paragraph 5.1.7., depending on the nature of the materials and construction of the retro-reflective devices.

5.1.2. The applicant shall submit ten samples for approval which shall be tested in the chronological order as indicated in paragraph 5.1.7.

5.1.3. Test procedure

5.1.3.1. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the ten samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 6 and at least one hour after this test examined as to their colorimetric characteristics in paragraph 5.1.5. and CIL in paragraph 5.1.4., for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle V = H = 0° or if necessary, in the position defined in Annex 4, paragraphs 1.1. and 1.2. The two retro-reflective devices giving the minimum and maximum values shall then be fully tested as shown in paragraph 5.1.4. These two samples shall be kept by the laboratories for any further checks which may be found necessary. The other eight samples shall be divided into four groups of two: First group : The two samples shall be subjected successively to the water penetration test (Annex 7) and then, if this test is satisfactory, to the tests for resistance to fuels and lubricants (Annex 9 and Annex 10). Second group : The two samples shall, if necessary, be subjected to the corrosion test in Annex 11, and then to the abrasive-strength test of the rear face of the retro-reflective device Annex 12. Third group : The two samples shall be subjected to the test for stability in time of the optical properties of retro-reflective device Annex 14. Fourth group : The two samples shall be subjected to the colour-fastness test (Annex 21).

5.1.3.2. After undergoing the tests referred to in the paragraph 5.1.3.1., the retro-reflective devices in each group must have:

5.1.3.2.1. A colour which satisfies the conditions laid down in paragraph 5.1.5.

5.1.3.2.2. A CIL which satisfies the conditions laid down in paragraph 5.1.4. The verification shall be performed only for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle of V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in all positions specified in Annex 4, paragraphs 1.1. and 1.2.

5.1.4. Minimum values for the CIL values of retro-reflection

5.1.4.1. When applying for approval, the applicant shall specify one or more or a range of axis of reference, corresponding to the illumination angle V = H = 0° in the table of coefficients of luminous intensity (CIL).

5.1.4.2. In the case where more than one or a range of different axis of reference are specified by the manufacturer, the photometric measurements shall be repeated making reference each time to a different axis of reference or to the extreme axis of reference of the range specified by the manufacturer.

5.1.4.3. For photometric measurements, only the illuminating surface defined by the planes contiguous to the outermost parts of the optical system of the retro-reflective device as indicated by the manufacturer and contained within a circle of 200 mm diameter for Class IA or IB shall be considered, and the illuminating surface itself shall be limited to 100 cm 2 though the surfaces of the retro-reflecting optical units need not necessarily attain this area. The manufacturer shall specify the perimeter of the area to be used.

5.1.4.4. Class IA and Class IB

5.1.4.4.1. When measured as described in paragraph 3. of Annex 4, the CIL values for red retro-reflective devices must be equal to or greater than those in Table 3, expressed in millicandelas per lux, for the angles of divergence and illumination shown. Table 3 Requirements for CIL values (Classes IA and IB) [mcd.lx-1] Class Angle of divergenceα Illumination angles (in degrees) Vertical V 0° ±10° ±5° Horizontal H 0° 0° ±20° IA, IB 20' 300 200 100 1°30' 5 2,8 2,5 CIL values lower than those shown in the last two columns of Table 3 are not permissible within the solid angle having the centre of reference as its apex and bounded by the planes intersecting along the following lines: (V = ±10°, H = 0°) (V = ±5°, H = ±20°).

5.1.4.4.2. CIL values for amber retro-reflective devices in Class IA or IB must be at least equal to those in Table 3 multiplied by the coefficient 2,5.

5.1.4.4.3. CIL values for white retro-reflective devices in Class IA or IB must be at least equal to those in Table 3 multiplied by the coefficient 4.

5.1.4.5. However, in the case where a retro-reflective device of Class IA or Class IB, is intended to be installed with its H plane at a mounting height less than 750 mm above the ground, the CIL values are verified only up to an angle of 5° downwards.

5.1.5. Colour of the reflected light of the device:

5.1.5.1. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.1.

5.1.5.2. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the night-time colours red, amber or white as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.1.6. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents Depending on the nature of the materials of which the retro-reflective devices and, in particular, their optical units, are made, the Type Approval Authorities may authorize laboratories to omit certain unnecessary tests, subject to the express reservation that such omission must be mentioned under "Remarks" on the form notifying approval. This is only applicable to tests described in Annexes 11, 12, 14 and 21.

5.1.7. Chronological order of tests Table 4 Chronological order of tests (Classes IA and IB) Number of Annex Tests Samples a b c d e f g h i j - General specifications: visual inspection x x x x x x x x x x 5 Shapes and dimensions: visual inspection x x x x x x x x x x 6 Heat: 48 h at 65° ± 2°C x x x x x x x x x x Visual inspection for distortion x x x x x x x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x x x x x x x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x x x x x x x x x 4 Complete photometry x x 7 Water : 10 min. in normal position 10 min. in inverted position visual inspection x x x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x 9 Motor fuels : 5 min. visual inspection x x x x 10 Oils : 5 min. visual inspection x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x 8 Corrosion : 24 hours 2 hours interval 24 hours visual inspection x x x x x x x x 12 Rear face : 1 min. visual inspection x x x x Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x 14 Stability in time 23 Colorimetry: Visual inspection or trichromatic coordinates 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° 13 Colour-fastness 23 Colorimetry: Visual inspection or trichromatic coordinates 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° Deposit of samples with authority x x

5.2. Technical requirements concerning retro-reflectors of the Classes IIIA and IIIB (Symbols "IIIA" and "IIIB")

5.2.1. Every retro-reflector of the Classes IIIA and IIIB, when tested according to paragraph 5.2.6., shall meet: (a) The dimensions and shape requirements set forth in Annex 5; and (b) The photometric and colorimetric requirements as specified in paragraphs 5.2.3. to 5.2.4.; and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in paragraph 5.2.6., depending on the nature of the materials and construction of the retro-reflective devices

5.2.2. The applicant shall submit ten samples for approval which shall be tested in the chronological order as indicated in paragraph 5.2.6.

5.2.2.1. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the ten samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 6 and at least one hour after this test examined as to their colorimetric characteristics in paragraph 5.2.4. and CIL in paragraph 5.2.3., for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle V = H = 0° or if necessary, in the position defined in Annex 4, paragraphs 1.1. and 1.2. The two retro-reflective devices giving the minimum and maximum values shall then be fully tested as shown in paragraph 5.2.4. These two samples shall be kept by the laboratories for any further checks which may be found necessary. The other eight samples shall be divided into four groups of two: First group : The two samples shall be subjected successively to the water penetration test (Annex 7) and then, if this test is satisfactory, to the tests for resistance to fuels and lubricants (Annex 9 and Annex 10). Second group : The two samples shall, if necessary, be subjected to the corrosion test in Annex 11, and then to the abrasive-strength test of the rear face of the retro-reflective device Annex 12. Third group : The two samples shall be subjected to the test for stability in time of the optical properties of retro-reflective device Annex 14. Fourth group : The two samples shall be subjected to the colour-fastness test (Annex 21).

5.2.2.2. After undergoing the tests referred to in the paragraph 5.2.2.1., the retro-reflective devices in each group must have:

5.2.2.2.1. a colour which satisfies the conditions laid down in paragraph 5.2.4.;

5.2.2.2.2. A CIL which satisfies the conditions laid down in paragraph 5.2.3. The verification shall be performed only for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle of V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in all positions specified in Annex 4, paragraphs 1.1. and 1.2.

5.2.3. Minimum values for the CIL values of retro-reflection:

5.2.3.1. When measured as described in Annex 4, the CIL values for red retro-reflective devices must be equal to or greater than those in Table 5, expressed in millicandelas per lux, for the angles of divergence and illumination shown. Table 5 Requirements for CIL values (Classes IIIA and IIIB) [mcd.lx-1] Class Angle of divergence α Illumination angles (in degrees) Vertical V 0° ±10° ±5° Horizontal H 0° 0° ±20° IIIA, IIIB 20' 450 200 150 1°30' 12 8 8 CIL values lower than those shown in the last two columns of Table 5 are not permissible within the solid angle having the centre of reference as its apex and bounded by the planes intersecting along the following lines: (V = ±10°, H = 0°) (V = ±5°, H = ±20°).

5.2.3.2. However, in the case where a retro-reflective device of Class IIIA or Class IIIB is intended to be installed with its H plane at a mounting height less than 750 mm above the ground, the CIL values are verified only up to an angle of 5° downwards.

5.2.4. Colour of the reflected light of the device:

5.2.4.1. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.1..

5.2.4.2. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the night-time colour red as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.2.5. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents Depending on the nature of the materials of which the retro-reflective devices and, in particular, their optical units, are made, the Type Approval Authorities may authorize laboratories to omit certain unnecessary tests, subject to the express reservation that such omission must be mentioned under "Remarks" on the form notifying approval. This is only applicable to tests described in Annexes 11, 12, 14 and 21.

5.2.6. Chronological order of tests Table 6 Chronological order of tests (Classes IIIA and IIIB) Number of Annex Tests Samples a b c d e f g h i j - General specifications: visual inspection x x x x x x x x x x 5 Shapes and dimensions: visual inspection x x x x x x x x x x 6 Heat: 48 h at 65° ± 2°C Visual inspection for distortion x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x x x x x x x x Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x x x x x x x x x 4 Complete photometry x x 7 Water : 10 min. in normal position 10 min. in inverted position visual inspection x x x x x x 23 Colorimetry:visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x 9 Motor fuels : 5 min. visual inspection x x x x 10 Oils : 5 min. visual inspection x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x 8 Corrosion : 24 hours 2 hours interval 24 hours visual inspection x x x x x x x x 12 Rear face : 1 min. visual inspection x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x 14 Stability in time 23 Colorimetry: Visual inspection or trichromatic coordinates 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° 13 Colour-fastness 23 Colorimetry: Visual inspection or trichromatic coordinates 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° Deposit of samples with authority x x

5.3. Technical requirements concerning retro-reflectors of the Class IVA (Symbols “IVA”)

5.3.1. Every retro-reflector of the Class IVA, when tested according to paragraph 5.3.7., shall meet: (a) The dimensions and shape requirements set forth in Annex 5; and (b) The photometric and colorimetric requirements as specified in paragraphs 5.3.4. to 5.3.5.; and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in paragraph 5.3.7., depending on the nature of the materials and construction of the retro-reflective devices.

5.3.2. The applicant shall submit ten samples for approval which shall be tested in the chronological order as indicated in paragraph 5.3.7.

5.3.3. Test procedure

5.3.3.1. After verification of the specifications in paragraph 4. and the specifications of shape and dimensions in Annex 5, the ten samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test in Annex 6 and one hour minimum after this test examined as to their colorimetric characteristics in paragraph 5.3.5. and CIL in paragraph 5.3.4. for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the positions defined in Annex 4, paragraphs 1.1. and 1.2. The two retro-reflective devices giving the minimum and maximum values shall then be fully tested as shown in paragraph 5.3.4. These two samples shall be kept by the laboratories for any further checks which may be found necessary.

5.3.3.2. Four samples out of the remaining eight samples shall be selected at random and divided into two groups of two in each group. First group: The two samples shall be subjected successively to the water-penetration resistance test in Annex 7 and then, if this test is satisfactory, to the tests for resistance to fuels and lubricating oils in Annex 9 and Annex 10. Second group: The two samples shall, if relevant, be subjected to the corrosion test (Annex 11), and then to the abrasive-strength test of the rear face of the retro-reflective device in Annex 12, these two samples shall also be subjected to the impact test in Annex 18.

5.3.3.3. After undergoing the tests referred to in the above paragraph, the retro-reflective devices in each group must have:

5.3.3.3.1. A colour which satisfies the conditions laid down in paragraph 5.3.5. This shall be verified by a qualitative method and, in case of doubt, confirmed by a quantitative method;

5.3.3.3.2. A CIL which satisfies the conditions laid down in paragraph 5.3.4. Verification shall be performed only for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle of V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the positions specified in Annex 4, paragraphs 1.1. and 1.2.

5.3.3.4. The four remaining samples can be utilized, if necessary, for any other purpose.

5.3.4. Minimum values for the CIL values of retro-reflection

5.3.4.1. When measured as described in paragraph 3. of Annex 4, for devices of Class IVA the CIL values must be equal to or greater than those in Table 7, expressed in millicandelas per lux, for the angles of divergence and illumination shown. Table 7 Requirements for CIL values (Class IVA) [mcd.lx-1] Colour Angle of divergence α Illumination angles (in degrees) Vertical V 0 ±10 0 0 0 0 Horizontal H 0 0 ±20 ±30 ±40 ±50 White 20' 1 800 1 200 610 540 470 400 1°30' 34 24 15 15 15 15 Amber 20' 1 125 750 380 335 290 250 1°30' 21 15 10 10 10 10 Red 20' 450 300 150 135 115 100 1°30' 9 6 4 4 4 4

5.3.4.2. However, in the case where a retro-reflective device of Class IVA is intended to be installed with its H plane at a mounting height less than 750 mm above the ground, the CIL values are verified only up to an angle of 5° downwards.

5.3.5. Colour of the reflected light of the device

5.3.5.1. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.1.

5.3.5.2. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the night-time colours red, amber or white as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.3.6. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents Depending on the nature of the materials of which the retro-reflective devices and, in particular, their optical units, are made, the Type Approval Authorities may authorize laboratories to omit certain unnecessary tests, subject to the express reservation that such omission must be mentioned under "Remarks" on the form notifying approval. This is only applicable to tests described in Annexes 11, 12, 14 and 21.

5.3.7. Chronological order of tests for Class IVA Table 8 Chronological order of tests (Class IVA) Number of Annex Tests Samples a b c d e f g h i j - General specifications: visual inspection x x x x x x x x x x 5 Shape and dimensions: visual inspection x x x x x x x x x x 6 Heat: 48 h at 65 °C ± 2°C Visual inspection for distortion x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x x x x x x x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x x x x x x x x x 4 Complete photometry x x 7 Water : 10 min. in normal position 10 min. in inverted position visual inspection x x x x x x 9 Motor fuels : 5 min. visual inspection x x x x 10 Oils : 5 min. visual inspection x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x 8 Corrosion : 24 hours 2 hours' interval 24 hours visual inspection x x x x x x x x 12 Rear face : 1 min. visual inspection x x x x 18 Impact visual inspection x x x x 23 Colorimetry: visual inspection Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt x x x x 4 Photometry: limited to 20' and V = H = 0° x x Deposit of samples with Authority x x

5.4. Technical requirements concerning retro-reflective markings of class C (symbol "C")

5.4.1. Every retro-reflective marking of the Class C, when tested according to paragraph 5.4.3., shall meet: (a) The dimensions and shape requirements set forth in Annex 5; and (b) The photometric and colorimetric requirements as specified in paragraphs 5.4.4. to 5.4.5.; and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in paragraph 5.4.6.

5.4.2. The applicant shall submit for approval:

5.4.2.1. Five test samples representing strips of retro-reflective marking materials have to be submitted to the test laboratory. In the case of strips, at least a length of 3 meters shall be provided

5.4.2.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, manufactured in accordance with the recommendation of the manufacturer(s) of the retro-reflective marking materials. ( 1 )

5.4.2.3. The samples shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in paragraph 5.4.7.

5.4.3. Test procedure

5.4.3.1. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 6, prior to the tests described in the paragraphs 5.4.4. and 5.4.5.

5.4.3.2. The photometric and colorimetric measurements may be made on five samples. The mean values should be taken.

5.4.3.3. For other tests, samples which have not undergone any testing should be used.

5.4.4. Minimum values for the coefficient of retro-reflection Photometric specifications for retro-reflective markings of Class C:

5.4.4.1. When measured as described in Annex 4, the coefficient of retro-reflection R' in candelas per m 2 per lux (cd/m 2 /lux) of the retro-reflective areas in new condition shall be at least as indicated in Table 9 for white, yellow and red materials. Table 9 Minimum values for the Coefficient of Retro-reflection R’ [cd•m-2•lx-1] Observation angle α [o] Entrance Angle β [o] α=0,33(20’) β1 0 0 0 0 0 β2 5 20 30 40 60 Colour Yellow 300 -- 130 75 10 White 450 -- 200 95 16 Red 120 60 30 10 --

5.4.5. Colour of the reflected light of the device

5.4.5.1. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.1.

5.4.5.2. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the night-time colours red, amber or white as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.4.6. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents

5.4.6.1. Resistance to weathering A specimen shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 13.

5.4.6.2. Resistance to corrosion A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 11.

5.4.6.3. Resistance to fuels A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 9.

5.4.6.4. Resistance to heat A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 6.

5.4.6.5. Resistance to cleaning A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 15.

5.4.6.6. Stability of photometric properties A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 14.

5.4.6.7. Resistance to penetration of water A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 7.

5.4.6.8. Bonding strength (in the case of adhesive materials) A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 16.

5.4.6.9. Flexing For samples that are to be adhered to a flexible substrate, i.e. tarpaulin, the following shall apply: A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 17.

5.4.7. Chronological order of tests for Classes C

5.4.7.1. Five test samples representing either strips or planes of retro-reflective marking materials have to be submitted to the test laboratory. In the case of strips, at least a length of 3 meters shall be provided; in the case of planes, at least a surface of 500 mm x 500 mm shall be provided.

5.4.7.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, manufactured in accordance with the recommendation of the manufacturer(s) of the retro-reflective marking materials. ( 2 )

5.4.7.3. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 8, prior to the tests described in Annexes 6 and 7.

5.4.7.4. The photometric and colorimetric measurements may be made on five samples. The mean values should be taken.

5.4.7.5. For other tests, samples which have not undergone any testing should be used.

5.5. technical requirements concerning retro-reflective markings of the Classes D and E (Symbols “D” and “E”)

5.5.1. Every retro-reflective marking of the Classes D and E shall meet the photometric requirements as specified in paragraphs 5.5.3. to 5.5.5.

5.5.2. The applicant shall submit for approval:

5.5.2.1. Five test samples representing planes of retro-reflective marking materials have to be submitted to the test laboratory. In the case of planes, at least a surface of 500 mm x 500 mm shall be provided.

5.5.2.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, manufactured in accordance with the recommendation of the manufacturer(s) of the retro-reflective marking materials. ( 3 )

5.5.3. Test procedure Every retro-reflective marking of the Class D and E shall meet the requirements of the checks and tests described in paragraph 5.5.5.

5.5.4. Maximum values for the coefficient of retro-reflection Table 10 Photometric specifications for distinctive markings or graphics of class D and class E: Maximum values for the Coefficient of Retro-reflection R' [cd•m- 2•lx-1] Observation angle α [°] Entrance Angle β (°) α = 0,33° (20') β1 0 0 0 0 β2 5 30 40 60 Any colour class D 150 65 37 5 class E 50 22 12 1 Note: If the sample is provided with an orientation mark, the specified values must only be observed for this orientation. Test samples without an orientation mark must be observed for values at 0° and 90° orientations as well.

5.5.5. Colour of the reflected light of the device

5.5.5.1. Retro-reflective distinctive markings and/or graphics (classes D and E) may be of any colour.

5.5.6. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents

5.5.6.1. Advertising, consisting of retro-reflective logos, distinctive markings or letters/characters has to be decent. It may consist of marking materials of class "D" if the total retro-reflective area is less than 2 m2; if the total retro-reflective area is at least 2 m2 class "E" shall be used. (4)

5.5.6.2. White retro-reflective marking materials intended as base or background in printing processes for fully coloured logos and markings of class "E" in use, without unprinted blank areas, may fulfil the requirements in Annex 7 for class "D" materials and must be marked as class "D/E".

5.5.6.3. Depending on the nature of retro-reflective marking material, the Type Approval Authorities may authorize laboratories to omit certain unnecessary tests, provided that such omission is mentioned under "Remarks" on the form notifying approval.

5.6. Technical requirements concerning retro-reflective markings of the Class F and retro-reflective marking plates of the Class 5

5.6.1. Every retro-reflective marking of the Class F shall meet the requirements of the checks and tests for: (a) Dimensions and shape set forth in Annex 5; and (b) The photometric and colorimetric requirements as specified in paragraph 5.6.4. to 5.6.5.; and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in paragraph 5.5.6.

5.6.2. The applicant shall submit for approval:

5.6.2.1. Five test samples representing either strips or planes of retro-reflective marking materials to the test laboratory. In the case of strips, at least a length of 3 meters shall be provided; in the case of planes, at least a surface of 500 mm x 500 mm shall be provided.

5.6.2.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, manufactured in accordance with the recommendation of the manufacturer(s) of the retro-reflective marking materials. ( 5 ) The samples shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in paragraph 5.6.4.

5.6.3. Test procedure Every retro-reflective marking of the Class F and Class 5 shall meet the requirements of the checks and tests described in paragraphs 5.6.4. and 5.6.5.

5.6.4. Minimum values for the Coefficient of Retro-reflection Photometric specifications for retro-reflective markings of Class F: Table 11 Minimum values for the Coefficient of Retro-reflection R' [cd•m-2•lx-1] Observation angle α [o] Entrance Angle β [o] α=0.33(20’) β1 0 0 0 0 0 β2 5 20 30 40 60 Colour White 450 -- 200 95 16 Red 120 60 30 10 -- Photometric specifications for retro-reflective markings of Class 5: Table 11-2 Minimum values for the Coefficient of Retro-reflection R' [cd•m-2•lx-1] Observation angle α [o] Entrance Angle β [o] α=0.33(20’) β1 0 0 0 0 β2 5 30 40 60 Colour White 450 200 95 16 Red 120 30 10 2

5.6.5. Colour of the reflected light of the device

5.6.5.1. The testing of the day-time colour for retro-reflective device shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.2.

5.6.5.2. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the red and white colour as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.6.5.3. Luminance factor determined in accordance to paragraph 4.2.2.: for red colour shall be ≥ 0,03, for white colour, it shall be ≥ 0,25.

5.6.6. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents

5.6.6.1. Resistance to weathering A specimen shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 13

5.6.6.2. Resistance to corrosion A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 11.

5.6.6.3. Resistance to fuels A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 9.

5.6.6.4. Resistance to heat A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 6.

5.6.6.5. Resistance to cleaning A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 15.

5.6.6.6. Stability of photometric properties A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 14.

5.6.6.7. Resistance to penetration of water A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 7.

5.6.6.8. Bonding strength (in the case of adhesive materials) A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 16.

5.6.6.9. Flexing For samples that are to be adhered to a flexible substrate, i.e. tarpaulin, the following shall apply: A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 17.

5.6.7. In the case of Plates: A specimen of a complete plate shall be subjected to a test of rigidity of plates as specified in Annex 19.

5.7. Technical requirements concerning retro-reflective markings plates of the Classes 1, 2, 3 and 4

5.7.1. Retro-reflective devices of this paragraph must satisfy the conditions as to (a) Dimensions and shape set forth in Annexes 5, and (b) The photometric and colorimetric as specified in paragraphs 5.7.4. to 5.7.5. and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in paragraph 5.7.6.

5.7.2. The applicant shall submit for approval:

5.7.2.1. Two large chevron rear marking plates for trucks and tractors and two large rear marking plates for trailers and semi-trailers (or their equivalent in smaller plates) shall be supplied to the testing laboratory for the various tests to be conducted.

5.7.2.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, fabricated in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the retro-reflective or retro-reflective/fluorescent materials or devices. The samples shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in paragraph 5.7.3.

5.7.3. Test procedure Every retro-reflective marking Plate of the classes 1, 2, 3 and 4: shall meet the requirements of the checks and tests described in Annex 5.

5.7.3.1. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 3.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5) the samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 9 to this Regulation, prior to the tests described in Annexes 6, 7 and 8.

5.7.3.2. The photometric and colorimetric measurements may be made on the same sample.

5.7.3.3. For the other tests, samples which have not undergone any testing should be used.

5.7.4. Maximum values for the coefficient of retro-reflection Photometric specifications for retro-reflective markings plates of the classes 1, 2, 3 and 4: Devices of class 1 and class 2 shall fulfil the values in Table 12 for yellow only, Devices of class 3 and class 4 those in Table 12 for yellow and red. Table 12 Minimum values for the Coefficient of Retro-reflection R' [cd•m-2•lx-1] Observation angle α ['] Entrance angle β [°] 20' ß1 0° 0° 0° 0° ß2 5° 30° 40° 60° Coefficient R' [cd•m- 2•lx-1] Colour: Yellow 300 180 75 10 Colour: Red 10 7 4 -

5.7.4.1. The subtended angle at the sample shall not be larger than 80'.

5.7.5. Colour of the reflected light of the device

5.7.5.1. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.1.

5.7.5.1.1. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the red and yellow colour as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.7.5.2. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (day-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.2.

5.7.5.2.1. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the red and yellow colour as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.7.5.2.2. Luminance factor β determined in accordance to paragraph 4.2.3.: (a) For red colour shall be ≥ 0,03. (b) For yellow colour, it shall be ≥ 0,16.

5.7.5.3. The testing of the colour for the fluorescent material shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.3.

5.7.5.3.1. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the colour as specified in UN Regulation No. 48

5.7.5.3.2. Luminance factor β determined in accordance to paragraph 4.2.3.: for red colour shall be ≥ 0,3.

5.7.5.4. Rear marking plates for heavy vehicles and trailers shall be composed of yellow retro-reflective and red retro-reflective or yellow retro-reflective and red fluorescent materials or devices.

5.7.6. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents

5.7.6.1. Resistance to weathering A specimen shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 13.

5.7.6.2. Resistance to corrosion A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 11.

5.7.6.3. Resistance to fuels A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 9.

5.7.6.4. Resistance to heat A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 6.

5.7.6.5. Resistance to cleaning A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 15.

5.7.6.6. Stability of photometric properties A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 14.

5.7.6.7. Resistance to penetration of water A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 7.

5.7.6.8. Bonding strength (in the case of adhesive materials) A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 16.

5.7.6.9. Flexing

5.7.6.9.1. For samples that are to be adhered to a flexible substrate, i.e. tarpaulin, the following shall apply: A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 17.

5.7.6.9.2. In the case of Plates: A specimen of a complete plate shall be subjected to a test of rigidity of plates as specified in Annex 19.

5.7.7. Chronological order of tests for Classes 1, 2, 3 and 4

5.7.7.1. Two large chevron rear marking plates for trucks and tractors and two large rear marking plates for trailers and semi-trailers (or their equivalent in smaller plates) shall be supplied to the testing laboratory for the various tests to be conducted.

5.7.7.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, fabricated in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the retro-reflective or retro-reflective/fluorescent materials or devices.

5.7.7.3. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5) the samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 6, prior to the tests described in paragraphs 4.2. and 5.7.4. and in Annex 8.

5.7.7.4. The photometric and colorimetric measurements may be made on the same sample.

5.7.7.5. For the other tests, samples which have not undergone any testing should be used.

5.8. Technical requirements concerning retro-reflective marking plates for slow moving vehicles of the Class SMV

5.8.1. Retro-reflective devices of this paragraph must satisfy the conditions as to (a) Dimensions and shape set forth in Annex 5; and (b) The photometric and colorimetric as specified in paragraphs 5.8.4. to 5.8.5.; and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in Annexes 9, 11 to 13.

5.8.2. The applicant shall submit for approval:

5.8.2.1. Five SMV rear marking plates shall be supplied to the testing laboratory for the various tests to be conducted.

5.8.2.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, fabricated in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer(s) of the retro-reflective and fluorescent (class 1) or retro-reflective only (class 2). The samples shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in paragraph 5.8.7.

5.8.3. Test procedure

5.8.3.1. Every Retro-reflective Marking Plate for slow moving vehicles of the Class SMV shall meet the requirements of the checks and tests described in Annex 5.

5.8.3.2. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5) four samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 6 to this Regulation, prior to the tests described in paragraphs 4.2. and 5.7.4. and in Annex 8. The fifth sample shall be kept for reference purposes during the test procedures.

5.8.3.3. The photometric and colorimetric measurements may be made on the same sample.

5.8.3.4. For the other tests, samples which have not undergone any testing should be used.

5.8.4. Maximum values for the coefficient of retro-reflection Photometric specifications for retro-reflective markings plates for slow moving vehicles of the Class SMV

5.8.4.1. When measured as described in paragraph 3., the coefficient of retro-reflection R' in candelas per m 2 per lux (cd/m 2 /lux) of the entire red retro-reflective area in new condition shall be at least as indicated in Table 13. Table 13 Minimum values for the Coefficient of Retro-reflection R' [cd•m-2•lx-1] Observation angle α Entrance angle β 20' ß1 0° 0° 0° 0° ß2 5° 20° 30° 40° Coefficient R' [cd•m- 2•lx-1] R' of the outer border (class 1, 2) 120 60 30 10 R' of the enclosed triangle (class 2) 10 7 4 -

5.8.4.2. The subtended angle at the sample shall not be larger than 80'.

5.8.5. Colour of the reflected light of the device

5.8.5.1. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.1.

5.8.5.1.1. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the colour as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.8.5.2. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (day-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.2.

5.8.5.2.1. The trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits for the colour red as specified in UN Regulation No. 48.

5.8.5.2.2. Luminance factor β determined in accordance to paragraph 4.2.2. shall be ≥ 0,03.

5.8.6. Colorimetric Specifications

5.8.6.1. SMV rear marking plates for slow-moving vehicles and their trailers shall be composed either of red retro-reflective and red fluorescent materials or devices (class 1) or red retro-reflective only materials or devices (class 2).

5.8.7. Special specifications (tests) / resistance to external agents

5.8.7.1. Resistance to weathering A specimen shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 13.

5.8.7.2. Resistance to corrosion A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 11.

5.8.7.3. Resistance to fuels A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 9.

5.8.7.4. Resistance to heat A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 6.

5.8.7.5. Resistance to cleaning A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 15.

5.8.7.6. Stability of photometric properties A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 14.

5.8.7.7. Resistance to penetration of water A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 7.

5.8.7.8. Bonding strength (in the case of adhesive materials) A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 16.

5.8.7.9. Flexing

5.8.7.9.1. For samples that are to be adhered to a flexible substrate, i.e. tarpaulin, the following shall apply: A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 17.

5.8.7.9.2. In the case of Plates: A specimen of a complete plate shall be subjected to a test of rigidity of plates as specified in Annex 19.

5.8.8. Chronological order

5.8.8.1. Five SMV rear marking plates shall be supplied to the testing laboratory for the various tests to be conducted.

5.8.8.2. The test samples shall be representative of current production, fabricated in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer(s) of the retro-reflective and fluorescent (class 1) or retro-reflective only (class 2).

5.8.8.3. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4.) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5) four samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 6, prior to the tests described in paragraphs 4.2. and 5.7.4. and in Annex 8. The fifth sample shall be kept for reference purposes during the test procedures.

5.8.8.4. The photometric and colorimetric measurements may be made on the same sample.

5.8.8.5. For the other tests, samples which have not undergone any testing should be used.

5.9. Technical requirements concerning advance warning triangles of type 1 and 2

5.9.1. Retro-reflective devices of this paragraph must satisfy the conditions as to (a) Dimensions and shape set forth in Annex 5; and (b) The photometric and colorimetric as specified in paragraphs 5.9.4. to 5.9.5.; and (c) The physical and mechanical requirements set forth in Annexes 7, 9, 12, 13, 20.

5.9.2. The applicant shall submit for approval:

5.9.2.1. Four samples of the advance warning triangle and at least two protective covers if the advance warning triangles are to be supplied with protective covers;

5.9.2.2. Two samples of the fluorescent or fluorescent retro-reflecting material in which a 100 x 100 mm square can be inscribed and which are fully representative of the material applied under the same conditions to the same base material as used for the advance warning triangle;

5.9.2.3. In the case of a type of advance-warning triangle differing only by the trade name or mark from a type that has already been approved it shall be sufficient to submit:

5.9.2.3.1. A declaration by the advance-warning triangle manufacturer that the type submitted is identical (except in the trade name or mark) with and has been produced by the same manufacturer as, the type already approved, the latter being identified by its approval number;

5.9.2.3.2. Two samples bearing the new trade name or mark or equivalent documentation. The samples shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in paragraph 5.9.6.

5.9.3. Test procedure Every advance warning triangle and its protective cover, if any, shall meet the requirements of the checks and tests described in Annex 5.

5.9.4. Minimum values for the coefficient of retro-reflection Photometric specifications for advance warning triangles of Type 1 and 2

5.9.4.1. When measured as described in paragraph 5.9.4.1.1. and Annex 4, paragraphs 2., 3. and 4., the CIL values of the entire red retro-reflective area in new condition shall be at least as indicated in Table 14.

5.9.4.1.1. For this measurement it is assumed that the direction of illumination H = V = Θ for the advance warning triangle in its position of use is parallel to the base plane and vertical to the lower side of the triangle, which in turn is parallel to the said base plane.

5.9.4.2. Retro-reflective devices and fluorescent retro-reflecting material. Table 14 Minimum values for the CIL [mcd.lx-1] Illumination angles β Vertical V (β1) 0° ±20° 0° 0° Horizontal H (β2) 0° or ±5° 0° ±30° ±40° Angles of divergence 20' 8 000 4 000 1 700 600 Angles of divergence 1°30' 600 200 100 50

5.9.4.2.1. The CIL measured on random slices of 50 mm length of the retro-reflective device shall lie between extremes having a ratio not in excess of 3. These slices are taken between the perpendiculars to the side of the triangle and passing through the corresponding apexes of the central aperture. This requirement applies to an angle of divergence of 20' and to illumination angles of V = 0°, H = 0° or ±5° and V = ±20°,H = 0°.

5.9.4.2.2. Diversity of luminance at angles of illumination of V = 0°, H = ±30°, and V =0°, H = ±40° shall be tolerated on condition that the triangular shape remains clearly discernible, for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination of approximately 1 lux.

5.9.4.2.3. The measurements referred to above shall be performed by the method described in Annex 4, paragraph 3.

5.9.5. Colorimetric specification

5.9.5.1. Retro-reflective devices

5.9.5.1.1. Retro-reflective devices shall be made of material coloured red in the mass.

5.9.5.1.2. The testing of the colour for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.1. and the trichromatic co-ordinates of the red reflected luminous flux shall be within the following limits: Table 15 Colour coordinates for retro-reflective device (night-time colour) Point 1 2 3 4 x 0,712 0,735 0,589 0,625 y 0,258 0,265 0,376 0,375

5.9.5.2. Fluorescent materials

5.9.5.2.1. The fluorescent materials shall either be coloured in the mass or take the form of separate coatings applied to the surface of the triangle.

5.9.5.2.2. The testing of the colour of the fluorescent materials (daytime colour) of advance warning triangle of type 1 or type 2 shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.2.3. and the colour of the material in new condition shall be within an area of which the corner points are determined by the following coordinates as specified in Table 16: Table 16 Colour coordinates of the fluorescent materials (daytime colour) Point 1 2 3 4 x 0,570 0,506 0,595 0,690 y 0,430 0,404 0,315 0,310

5.9.5.2.3. The testing of the luminance factor of the fluorescent materials shall be carried out according to the method described in paragraph 4.3. The luminance factor including the luminance by reflection and fluorescence shall be: (a) For advance warning triangle of type 1, not less than 30 per cent; and (b) For advance warning triangle of type 2, not less than 25 per cent.

5.9.5.3. The largest measured trichromatic coordinate y value according to paragraph 4.2.1. (night-time colour) shall be smaller or equal to the largest measured trichromatic coordinate y value according to paragraph 4.2.2. (day-time colour).

5.9.6. Special specification (tests) / resistance to external agents

5.9.6.1. Resistance to weathering A specimen shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 13.

5.9.6.2. Resistance to fuels A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 9.

5.9.6.3. Resistance to heat A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 20.

5.9.6.4. Resistance to penetration of water A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 7.

5.9.6.5. Wind test A specimen of a complete plate shall be subjected to a test of rigidity of plates as specified in Annex 20.

5.9.6.6. Test of clearance to ground A specimen of the sample unit shall be subjected to a test as specified in Annex 20.

5.9.7. Chronological order

5.9.7.1. General

5.9.7.1.1. The applicant shall submit samples, as mentioned in paragraphs 3.1, for approval.

5.9.7.1.2. After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 4) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5, Figure A5-VIII or Figure A5-IX), all samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test (Annex 6) and examined after at least one hour of rest.

5.9.7.1.3. The CIL value of the four samples of the advance warning triangles submitted is measured at an observation angle of 20' and at an illumination angle with the components V = 0°, H = ±5°; this test is carried out in accordance with the method described in paragraph 4.

5.9.7.1.4. The two samples with the smallest and the largest CIL value in the tests according to paragraph 5.9.7.1.3. shall be subsequently subjected to the following tests:

5.9.7.1.4.1. Measurement of the values of the CIL in respect of the observation and illumination angles referred to in paragraph 5.9.4. according to the method described in paragraph 4.

5.9.7.1.4.2. Testing of the colour of the retro-reflected light according to paragraph 4.2. on the sample with the highest CIL concerned shall be examined.

5.9.7.1.4.3. Test of clearance to ground according to Annex 20, paragraph 1.

5.9.7.1.4.4. Mechanical solidity test according to Annex 20, paragraph 2.

5.9.7.1.5. One sample other than those referred to in paragraph 5.9.7.1.4. shall be subjected to the following tests:

5.9.7.1.5.1. Testing of resistance to penetration of water into the retro-reflective device according to Annex 7 or if relevant, of the mirror-backed reverse side of the retro-reflective device, according to Annex 7.

5.9.7.1.6. The second sample, other than those referred to in paragraph 5.9.7.1.4., shall be subjected to the following tests:

5.9.7.1.6.1. Water test according to Annex 7.

5.9.7.1.6.2. Testing of resistance to fuels according to Annex 9.

5.9.7.1.6.3. Test of stability against wind according to Annex 20.

5.9.7.1.7. After the tests specified in paragraph 5.9.7.1.4., the two samples submitted according to paragraph 3.1 shall be subjected to the following tests:

5.9.7.1.7.1. Colour test according to paragraph 4.2.;

5.9.7.1.7.2. Test of the luminance factor according to paragraph 4.3.;

5.9.7.1.7.3. Test of resistance to weathering according to Annex 13.

6. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS

6.1 General

6.1.1. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall continue to accept type approvals of the devices, to any of the preceding series of amendments to this Regulation, which are not affected by the changes introduced by the latest series of amendments. To verify this, the change index applicable to the pertinent device shall not differ from its change index as indicated in the latest series of amendments.

6.1.2. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall not refuse to grant extensions to type approvals according to any preceding series of amendments to this Regulation.

(1) Test samples of retro-reflective marking materials shall be applied to edged and degreased aluminium panels of 2 mm thickness and shall be conditioned for 24 hours at 23°C ± 2°C at 50% ± 5% relative humidity prior to testing.

(2) Test samples of retro-reflective marking materials shall be applied to edged and degreased aluminium panels of 2 mm thickness and shall be conditioned for 24 hours at 23°C ± 2°C at 50% ± 5% relative humidity prior to testing.

(3) Test samples of retro-reflective marking materials shall be applied to edged and degreased aluminium panels of 2 mm thickness and shall be conditioned for 24 hours at 23°C ± 2°C at 50% ± 5% relative humidity prior to testing.

(4) Nothing in this Regulation shall preclude the national authorities to prohibit the use of retro-reflective advertising, logos, distinctive markings, letters/characters as defined in paragraph 2.1.2.

(5) Test samples of retro-reflective marking materials shall be applied to edged and degreased aluminium panels of 2 mm thickness and shall be conditioned for 24 hours at 23°C ± 2°C at 50% ± 5% relative humidity prior to testing.