ANNEX

REPORTING SCHEME

Section 1: Introduction

Securities issues statistics for the euro area provide two main aggregates:

— all issues by euro area residents in any currency, and

— all issues made worldwide in euro, both domestic and international.

A principal distinction must be drawn on the basis of the residency of the issuer whereby the Eurosystem NCBs collectively cover all issues by the residents of the euro area (1). The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) reports issues by the ‘rest of the world’ (RoW), referring to all non-euro area residents (including international organisations not resident in the euro area).

The table below summarises the reporting requirements.

Securities issues By euro area residents (each NCB reporting on its domestic residents) By RoW residents (BIS) Non-euro area Member States Other countries In euro/national denominations Block A Block B In other currencies (*1) Block C Block D not required

Section 2: Reporting requirements

Table 1. Block A reporting form for NCBs

DOMESTIC RESIDENT ISSUERS//EURO/NATIONAL DENOMINATIONS Outstanding amounts Gross issues Redemptions Net issues (*3) A1 A2 A3 A4 1. SHORT-TERM DEBT SECURITIES (*2) Total S1 S68 S135 S202 Central bank S2 69 S136 S203 MFIs other than central banks S3 S70 S137 S204 OFIs S4 S71 S138 S205 Of which FVC S5 S72 S139 S206 Financial auxiliaries S6 S73 S140 S207 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S7 S74 S141 S208 Insurance corp. and pension funds S8 S75 S142 S209 Non-financial corporations S9 S76 S143 S210 Central government S10 S77 S144 S211 State and local government S11 S78 S145 S212 Social security funds S12 S79 S146 S213 2. LONG-TERM DEBT SECURITIES (*2) Total S13 S80 S147 S214 Central bank S14 S81 S148 S215 MFIs other than central banks S15 S82 S149 S216 OFIs S16 S83 S150 S217 Of which FVC S17 S84 S151 S218 Financial auxiliaries S18 S85 S152 S219 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S19 S86 S153 S220 Insurance corp. and pension funds S20 S87 S154 S221 Non-financial corporations S21 S88 S155 S222 Central government S22 S89 S156 S223 State and local government S23 S90 S157 S224 Social security funds S24 S91 S158 S225 2.1 of which fixed rate issues: Total S25 S92 S159 S226 Central bank S26 S93 S160 S227 MFIs other than central banks S27 S94 S161 S228 OFIs S28 S95 S162 S229 Of which FVC S29 S96 S163 S230 Financial auxiliaries S30 S97 S164 S231 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S31 S98 S165 S232 Insurance corp. and pension funds S32 S99 S166 S233 Non-financial corporations S33 S100 S167 S234 Central government S34 S101 S168 S235 State and local government S35 S102 S169 S236 Social security funds S36 S103 S170 S237 2.2 of which floating rate issues: Total S37 S104 S171 S238 Central bank S38 S105 S172 S239 MFIs other than central banks S39 S106 S173 S240 OFIs S40 S107 S174 S241 Of which FVC S41 S108 S175 S242 Financial auxiliaries S42 S109 S176 S243 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S43 S110 S177 S244 Insurance corp. and pension funds S44 S111 S178 S245 Non-financial corporations S45 S112 S179 S246 Central government S46 S113 S180 S247 State and local government S47 S114 S181 S248 Social security funds S48 S115 S182 S249 2.3 of which zero coupon bonds: Total S49 S116 S183 S250 Central bank S50 S117 S184 S251 MFIs other than central banks S51 S118 S185 S252 OFIs S52 S119 S186 S253 Of which FVC S53 S120 S187 S254 Financial auxiliaries S54 S121 S188 S255 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S55 S122 S189 S256 Insurance corp. and pension funds S56 S123 S190 S257 Non-financial corporations S57 S124 S191 S258 Central government S58 S125 S192 S259 State and local government S59 S126 S193 S260 Social security funds S60 S127 S194 S261 3. LISTED SHARES ((†)) Total S61 S128 S195 S262 Central bank S62 S129 S196 S263 MFIs other than central banks S63 S130 S197 S264 OFIs S64 S131 S198 S265 Financial auxiliaries S65 S132 S199 S266 Insurance corp. and pension funds S66 S133 S200 S267 Non-financial corporations S67 S134 S201 S268





Table 2. Block C reporting form for NCBs

DOMESTIC RESIDENT ISSUERS//OTHER CURRENCIES Outstanding amounts Gross issues Redemptions Net issues C1 C2 C3 C4 4. SHORT-TERM DEBT SECURITIES Total S269 S335 S401 S467 Central bank S270 S336 S402 S468 MFIs other than central banks S271 S337 S403 S469 OFIs S272 S338 S404 S470 Of which FVC S273 S339 S405 S471 Financial auxiliaries S274 S340 S406 S472 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S275 S341 S407 S473 Insurance corp. and pension funds S276 S342 S408 S474 Non-financial corporations S277 S343 S409 S475 Central government S278 S344 S410 S476 State and local government S279 S345 S411 S477 Social security funds S280 S346 S412 S478 5. LONG-TERM DEBT SECURITIES Total S281 S347 S413 S479 Central bank S282 S348 S414 S480 MFIs other than central banks S283 S349 S415 S481 OFIs S284 S350 S416 S482 Of which FVC S285 S351 S417 S483 Financial auxiliaries S286 S352 S418 S484 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S287 S353 S419 S485 Insurance corp. and pension funds S288 S354 S420 S486 Non-financial corporations S289 S355 S421 S487 Central government S290 S356 S422 S488 State and local government S291 S357 S423 S489 Social security funds S292 S358 S424 S490 5.1 of which fixed rate issues: Total S293 S359 S425 S491 Central bank S294 S360 S426 S492 MFIs other than central banks S295 S361 S427 S493 OFIs S296 S362 S428 S494 Of which FVC S297 S363 S429 S495 Financial auxiliaries S298 S364 S430 S496 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S299 S365 S431 S497 Insurance corp. and pension funds S300 S366 S432 S498 Non-financial corporations S301 S367 S433 S499 Central government S302 S368 S434 S500 State and local government S303 S369 S435 S501 Social security funds S304 S370 S436 S502 5.2 of which floating rate issues: Total S305 S371 S437 S503 Central bank S306 S372 S438 S504 MFIs other than central banks S307 S373 S439 S505 OFIs S308 S374 S440 S506 Of which FVC S309 S375 S441 S507 Financial auxiliaries S310 S376 S442 S508 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S311 S377 S443 S509 Insurance corp. and pension funds S312 S378 S444 S510 Non-financial corporations S313 S379 S445 S511 Central government S314 S380 S446 S512 State and local government S315 S381 S447 S513 Social security funds S316 S382 S448 S514 5.3 of which zero coupon bonds: Total S317 S383 S449 S515 Central bank S318 S384 S450 S516 MFIs other than central banks S319 S385 S451 S517 OFIs S320 S386 S452 S518 Of which FVC S321 S387 S453 S519 Financial auxiliaries S322 S388 S454 S520 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S323 S389 S455 S521 Insurance corp. and pension funds S324 S390 S456 S522 Non-financial corporations S325 S391 S457 S523 Central government S326 S392 S458 S524 State and local government S327 S393 S459 S525 Social security funds S328 S394 S460 S526 6. LISTED SHARES Total S329 S395 S461 S527 MFIs other than central banks S330 S396 S462 S528 OFIs S331 S397 S463 S529 Financial auxiliaries S332 S398 S464 S530 Insurance corp. and pension funds S333 S399 S465 S531 Non-financial corporations S334 S400 S466 S532





Table 3. Block A memorandum items reporting form for NCBs

DOMESTIC RESIDENT ISSUERS//EURO/NATIONAL DENOMINATIONS Outstanding amounts Gross issues Redemptions Net issues A1 A2 A3 A4 6. LISTED SHARES Captive financial institutions and money lenders S533 S544 S555 S566 7. UNLISTED SHARES Total S534 S545 S556 S567 MFIs other than central banks S535 S546 S557 S568 OFIs S536 S547 S558 S569 Insurance corp. and pension funds S537 S548 S559 S570 Non-financial corporations S538 S549 S560 S571 8. OTHER EQUITY Total S539 S550 S561 S572 MFIs other than central banks S540 S551 S562 S573 OFIs S541 S552 S563 S574 Insurance corp. and pension funds S542 S553 S564 S575 Non-financial corporations S543 S554 S565 S576

1. Residency of the issuer

Issues by subsidiaries owned by the reporting country’s non-residents operating in the reporting country’s economic territory must be classified as issues by the reporting country’s resident units.

Issues by head offices located in the reporting country’s economic territory which operate internationally must also be considered as issues by resident units. Issues by head offices or subsidiaries located outside the reporting country’s economic territory but owned by residents of the reporting country must be considered as issues by non-residents. For example, issues by Volkswagen Brazil are considered to have been carried out by units resident in Brazil and not in the reporting country’s territory. In the absence of any physical dimension to an enterprise, its residence is determined according to the economic territory under whose laws the enterprise is incorporated or registered (2).

To avoid double counting or gaps, the reporting of issues by special purpose entities (SPEs) must be addressed bilaterally, involving the reporters concerned. The NCBs, and not the BIS, must report issues by SPEs which fulfil the residency criteria of the revised European system of national and regional accounts (‘ESA 2010’) laid down in Annex A to Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (3) and are classified as euro area residents.

2. Sectoral breakdown of issuers

Issues must be classified according to the sector incurring the liability for the securities issued. The sectoral classification comprises the following 12 types of issuers:

— Central bank,

— other MFIs (4),

— of which financial vehicle corporations engaged in securitisation,

— financial auxiliaries,

— captive financial institutions and money lenders,

— insurance corporations and pension funds (6),

— non-financial corporations,

— central government,

— state and local government,

— social security funds,

— international institutions.

Securities issued through SPEs where the ultimate liability for the issue is incurred by the parent organisation and not the SPE must be attributed to the parent organisation and not the SPE. For example, issues by an SPE of ‘AJAX Electronics’, a non-financial corporation located in the euro area country ‘Country A’, would have to be allocated to the non-financial corporation sector and reported by Country A. However, the SPE and its parent must be resident in the same country. Hence, where the parent company is not a resident of the reporting country, the SPE must be treated as a notional resident of the reporting country, and the issuing sector must be aligned with the economic function of the SPE. For example, if ‘ACME Motors’ was a non-financial corporation resident in Japan producing automobiles and ‘ACME Motor Finance’ was a subsidiary resident in euro area country ‘Country B’, issues by ACME Motor Finance would have to be attributed to captive financial institutions and money lenders sector of Country B, because the parent company ACME Motors is not resident in the same country. The only exception to this is the case of SPEs owned by government, in which case the security is recorded as being issued by the government in the country of the parent organisation. (7)

A public corporation that becomes privatised by issuing listed shares must be allocated to the non-financial corporation sector. Similarly, a public credit institution (CI) that is privatised must be allocated to the MFIs other than central banks sector. Issues by households or non-profit institutions serving households must be classified as issues by non-financial corporations.

3. Maturity of issues

Short-term debt securities comprise securities that have an original maturity of one year or less, even if they are issued under longer-term facilities.

Long-term debt securities comprise securities that have an original maturity of more than one year. Issues with optional maturity dates, the latest of which is more than one year away, and issues with indefinite maturity dates, are classified as long-term.

A two-year maturity split, as in the MFI balance sheet statistics, is not required.

4. Classification of long-term debt securities by interest rate

Long-term debt securities are divided into:

Fixed interest rate debt securities, i.e. debt securities which are issued and redeemed at par value and debt securities issued at a discount or premium to their par value.

Variable interest rate debt securities, i.e. debt securities where the coupon rate and/or underlying principal is linked to a general price index for goods and services (such as the consumer price index), an interest rate, or an asset price resulting in a variable nominal coupon payment over the life of the issue. For the purposes of securities issues statistics, mixed interest rate debt securities are classified as variable interest rate (8).

Zero coupon bonds issued at discount, i.e. instruments that have no interest payments and are issued at a considerable discount to par value. Most of the discount represents the equivalent of the interest accrued during the life of the bond.

5. Classification of issues

Issues are analysed under two broad groupings: (a) debt securities (9), and (b) listed shares (10). Securities issued via private placement are covered as far as possible. Money market paper is included indistinguishably as part of debt securities. Unlisted shares (11) and other equity (12) may be reported on a voluntary basis as two separate memorandum items. Shares/units issued by money market funds and other investment funds are excluded.

The following is a non-exhaustive list of instruments covered in in the securities issues statistics:

(a) Debt securities (i) Short-term debt securities The following instruments are included as a minimum. — Treasury bills and other short-term paper issued by general government. — Negotiable short-term paper issued by financial and by non-financial corporations. A variety of terms are used for such paper including commercial paper, commercial bills, promissory notes, bills of trade, bills of exchange and certificates of deposit. — Short-term securities issued under long-term underwritten note issuance facilities. — Bankers’ acceptances. (ii) Long-term debt securities The following instruments are illustrative and included as a minimum. — Bearer bonds. — Subordinated bonds. — Bonds with optional maturity dates, the latest of which is more than one year away. — Undated or perpetual bonds. — Variable rate notes. — Convertible bonds. — Covered bonds. — Index-linked securities where the value of the principal is linked to a price index, the price of a commodity or an exchange rate index. — Deep-discounted bonds, which have small coupon payments and are issued at a discount to face value. — Zero coupon bonds. — Euro bonds. — Global bonds. — Privately issued bonds. — Securities resulting from the conversion of loans. — Loans that have become negotiable de facto. — Debentures and loan stock convertible into shares, whether shares of the issuing corporation or shares of another company, so long as they have not been converted. Where separable from the underlying bond, the conversion option, which is considered to be a financial derivative, is excluded. — Shares or stocks that pay a fixed income but do not provide for participation in the distribution of the residual value of the corporation on dissolution, including non-participating preference shares. — Financial assets issued as part of the securitisation of loans, mortgages, credit card debt, accounts receivable and other assets. The following instruments are excluded: — transactions in securities as part of repurchase agreements; — issues of non-negotiable securities; — non-negotiable loans.

(b) Listed shares Listed shares include the following. — Capital shares issued by limited liability companies. — Redeemed shares in limited liability companies. — Dividend shares issued by limited liability companies. — Preferred or preference stocks or shares which provide for participation in the distribution of the residual value on dissolution of a corporation. These may be listed or unlisted on a recognised exchange. — Private placements where possible. If a company is privatised and the government keeps part of the shares of the privatised company but the rest are quoted on a regulated market, the whole value of the company’s capital is recorded within the outstanding amounts of listed shares, since all shares could potentially be traded at any time at market value. The same applies if part of the shares is sold to large investors and only the remaining part, i.e. the free float, is traded on the stock exchange. Listed shares exclude: — shares offered for sale but not taken up on issue; — debentures and loan stock convertible into shares, which are included once they are converted into shares; — the equity of partners with unlimited liability in incorporated partnerships; — government investments in the capital of international organisations that are legally constituted as corporations with share capital; — issues of bonus shares at the time of issue only and split share issues; bonus shares and split shares are however included indistinguishably in the total stock of listed shares.

6. Currency of issue

Dual currency bonds must be classified according to the denomination of the bond. Dual currency bonds are defined as bonds that are scheduled to be redeemed or the coupon paid in a different currency from the denomination of the bond. If a global bond is issued in more than one currency, each portion must be reported as a separate issue, according to its currency of issue. Where issues are denominated in two currencies, e.g. 70 % in euro and 30 % in US dollars, the relevant components of the issue must be reported separately where possible according to the currency denomination. Hence, in the given example 70 % of the issue must be reported as issues in euro/national denominations (13) and 30 % as issues in other currencies. Where it is not possible to separately identify the currency components of an issue, the actual breakdown made by the reporting country must be indicated in the national explanatory notes.

7. Time of recording issue

An issue is considered to have occurred when the issuer receives payment, and not when the syndicate takes up the commitment.

8. Reconciliation of stocks and flows

NCBs must submit information on outstanding amounts, gross issues, redemptions and net issues of short-term and long-term debt securities and on listed shares.

The table below illustrates the link between stocks (i.e. outstanding amounts) and flows (i.e. gross issues, redemptions and net issues). In practice, the link is more complex due to price and exchange rate valuation changes, reinvested (i.e. accrued) interest, reclassifications, revisions and other adjustments.

(i) Outstanding issues at end of reporting period ≈ Outstanding issues at end of previous reporting period + Gross issues during reporting period - Redemptions during reporting period + Reclassifications and other changes (ii) Outstanding issues at end of reporting period ≈ Outstanding issues at end of previous reporting period + Net issues during reporting period + Reclassifications and other changes

(a) Gross issues

Gross issues during the reporting period must include all issues of debt securities and listed shares where the issuer sells newly-created securities for cash. They concern the regular creation of new instruments. The point in time at which issues have been concluded is defined as the time at which payment is made; the recording of issues must therefore reflect as closely as possible the timing of payment for the underlying issue.

For listed shares, gross issues cover newly-created shares which are issued for cash by corporations listed on a stock exchange for the first time, including newly-created companies or private companies becoming public companies. Gross issues also cover newly-created shares which are issued against cash during the privatisation of public corporations when the corporation’s shares are listed on a stock exchange. The issue of bonus shares must be excluded (14). Gross issues must not be reported in the event of a sole listing of a corporation on a stock exchange where no new capital is raised.

The exchange or transfer of existing securities during a takeover or merger is not covered (15) within the reported gross issues or redemptions, except for new instruments which are created and issued against cash by a euro area resident entity.

Issues of securities which can later be converted into other instruments must be recorded as issues in their original instrument category; on conversion they are to be recorded as having been redeemed from this instrument category, with an identical amount then treated as gross issues in a new category (16).

(b) Redemptions

Redemptions during the reporting period cover all repurchases of debt securities and listed shares by the issuer, where the investor receives cash for the securities. Redemptions concern the regular deletion of instruments. They cover all debt securities reaching their maturity date, as well as early redemptions. Company share buy-backs are covered if the company either repurchases all shares against cash prior to a change of its legal form, or repurchases part of its shares against cash and subsequently cancels them, leading to a reduction in capital. Company share buy-backs are not covered if they represent investments by a company in its own shares (17).

Redemptions must not be reported in the event of a sole delisting from a stock exchange.

(c) Net issues

Net issues are the balance of all gross issues made minus all redemptions that have occurred during the reporting period.

The outstanding amounts of listed shares must cover the market value of all the listed shares of the resident entities. The outstanding amounts of listed shares reported by a euro area country may therefore increase or decrease following relocation of a listed entity. This also applies in the event of a takeover or merger where no instruments are created and issued against cash and/or redeemed against cash and cancelled. To avoid double counting or gaps for debt securities and listed shares in the event of an issuer relocating to another resident country, the relevant NCBs must coordinate the timing of reporting of such an event bilaterally.

9. Valuation

The value of a securities issue comprises a price component and, where an issue is denominated in a currency other than the reporting currency, an exchange rate component.

NCBs must report short-term debt securities at face value (18) and listed shares at market value. For long-term debt securities different methods may be used for valuation depending on the interest rate type, resulting in a mixed valuation for the total. For example, fixed interest rate and variable interest rate issues are typically valued at face value, and zero coupon bonds at the nominal value. Generally, the relative amount of zero coupon bonds is small, so that no provision for a mixed valuation value is made in the code list; the total amount of long-term debt securities is reported at face value. Where the magnitude of the phenomenon is significant, the value ‘Z’ for ‘not specified’ is used. In general, whenever there is a situation where mixed valuation occurs, details are provided by the NCB at the attribute level.

(a) Price valuation

Stocks and flows of listed shares must be reported at market value.

An exception to the recording of stocks and flows of debt securities at face value is made in respect of deep-discounted and zero coupon bonds, where the outstanding amounts and gross issues are recorded at the nominal value, i.e. the discounted price at the time of issue plus accrued interest, and the redemptions at maturity at face value. The nominal value of the outstanding amounts of zero coupon bonds can be calculated as shown below.

where

A = nominal value = effective amount paid and accrued interest E = discounted price at time of issue (amount paid at the time of issuance) P = face value (repaid at end of maturity) T = time to maturity from issue date (in days) t = time passed since issue date (in days)

There may be certain differences in the price valuation procedure used across countries.

The ESA 2010 price valuation approach, which requires flows for debt securities and shares to be recorded at transaction value and stocks at market value, is not applied in this context.

For deep-discounted and zero coupon bonds, the reporting NCB must calculate accrued interest where feasible.

(b) Reporting currency and exchange rate valuation

NCBs must report all data to the ECB expressed in euro, including historical series. For the conversion into euro of securities issued by domestic residents in other currencies (Block C) (19), NCBs must follow as closely as possible the exchange rate valuation principles based on the ESA 2010 (20), as set out below.

(i) Outstanding issues must be converted into euro/national denominations at the relevant mid-market exchange rate prevailing at the end of the reporting period, i.e. the close of business on the last working day of the reporting period.

(ii) Gross issues and redemptions must be converted into euro/national denominations using the mid-market exchange rate prevailing at the time of payment. If it is not possible to identify the exact exchange rate applicable for the conversion, an exchange rate that is as close as possible to the mid-market rate at the time of payment may be used.

10. Conceptual consistency

Securities issues statistics and MFI balance sheet statistics are linked for the purpose of issues of negotiable instruments by MFIs. The coverage of instruments and of the MFIs that issue them are conceptually consistent, as well as the allocation of instruments to maturity bands and the currency breakdown. Differences between securities issues statistics and MFI balance sheet statistics exist regarding the valuation principles (i.e. with respect to debt securities, face value for the former and market value for the latter). Except for valuation differences and the netting of own holdings of securities on the balance sheet of MFIs for each country, the outstanding amount of securities issued by MFIs reported for securities issues statistics corresponds to item 11 (‘debt securities issued’) on the liability side of the MFI balance sheet. Short-term debt securities as defined for securities issues statistics correspond to debt securities issued up to one year. Long-term debt securities as defined for securities issues statistics equal the sum of debt securities issued over one and up to two years and debt securities issued over two years.

NCBs must review the coverage of the securities issues statistics and the MFI balance sheet statistics and indicate any conceptual differences to the ECB. Three types of consistency checks are performed in respect of issues by: (a) NCBs in euro/national denominations; (b) MFIs other than central banks in euro/national denominations; and (c) MFIs other than central banks in other currencies. Conceptual differences may arise between securities issue statistics and MFI balance sheet statistics, since the securities issues statistics and the MFI balance sheet statistics are derived from national reporting systems with different purposes.

11. Data requirements

Statistical returns are expected from each country for each applicable time series. NCBs must notify the ECB promptly in writing with explanations if a particular item does not apply in a particular country. NCBs may be temporarily exempted from the reporting of a time series if the underlying phenomenon does not exist. NCBs must also notify this occurrence or any other departures from the reporting scheme described in this Annex. Furthermore, they must inform the ECB when revisions are sent together with explanations on the nature of these revisions.

Section 3: National explanatory notes

Each NCB must submit a report describing the data provided in the context of this exercise. The report must cover the topics detailed below and follow the proposed layout as closely as possible. NCBs must provide additional information on instances where data reported do not comply with this Guideline, or where they have not provided the data, and the reasons for this. The report must not be submitted later than the data.

1. Data sources/data collection system: details of the data sources used to compile securities issues statistics must be given: administrative sources for government issues, direct reporting from MFIs and other institutions, newspapers, and data providers such as the International Financial Review etc. NCBs must indicate whether the data are collected and stored on an issue-by-issue basis, and their criteria. Alternatively, NCBs must indicate whether the data are collected and stored indistinguishably as amounts issued by individual issuers during a reporting period, e.g. for direct data collection systems. NCBs must provide information on the criteria used in direct reporting to identify the reporting agents and the information to be submitted.

2. Compilation procedures: the method used to compile data in this exercise must be briefly described, e.g. aggregation of information on individual securities issues, arrangements for existing time series and whether published or not.

3. Residence of the issuer: NCBs must specify whether it is possible to fully apply the ESA 2010 (and IMF) definition of residency in classifying issues. If this is not possible, or only partially possible, NCBs must provide a full explanation of the criteria actually used.

4. Sectoral breakdown of issuers : NCBs must indicate deviations from the classification of issuers according to the sectoral breakdown defined in Section 2 point 2. The notes must explain the identified deviations and any grey areas.

5. Currency of issue : if it is not possible to separately identify the currency components of an issue, NCBs must explain deviations from the rules. Furthermore, NCBs that cannot distinguish for all securities between issues in local denominations, in other euro/national denominations and in other currencies, must describe where such issues have been classified and indicate the total amount of issues that were not properly allocated to illustrate the size of the distortion.

6. Classification of issues : NCBs must provide comprehensive information on the type of securities covered by the national data, including their national terms. If coverage is known to be partial, NCBs must explain existing gaps. In particular, NCBs must provide the information set out below. — Private placements: NCBs must indicate whether or not they are covered in the reported data. — Bankers’ acceptances: if negotiable and included in the reported data for short-term debt securities, the reporting NCB must explain in the national explanatory notes the national procedures for recording these instruments and their nature. — Listed shares: NCBs must indicate whether unlisted shares or other equity are covered in the reported data with an estimate of the amount of unlisted shares and/or other equity to illustrate the size of the distortion. NCBs must indicate in the national explanatory notes any known gaps in the coverage of listed shares.

7. Instrument analysis of long-term debt securities : if the sum of fixed rate, variable rate and zero coupon bonds does not add up to the total for long-term debt securities, NCBs must give the type and amount of long-term securities for which no such breakdown is available.

8. Maturity of issues : if the strict application of the short and long-term debt security definitions cannot be followed, NCBs must indicate where the reported data deviate.

9. Redemptions : NCBs must specify how they derive the information on redemptions and whether the information is collected by direct reporting or calculated by residual.

10. Price valuation : NCBs must specify in detail in the national explanatory notes the valuation procedure used for (a) short-term debt securities; (b) long-term debt securities; (c) discounted bonds; and (d) listed shares. Any valuation difference for stocks and flows must be explained.

11. Reporting frequency, timeliness and time range : NCBs must specify the extent to which the data compiled for this exercise has been provided in conformity with the user requirements, i.e. with a timeliness of five weeks for monthly data. The length of the time series provided must also be given. Any breaks in the series must be reported, e.g. differences in the coverage of securities over time.

12. Revisions : NCBs must provide brief explanatory notes for any revisions and clarify the reason for them and their extent.

13. Estimated coverage per instrument issued by domestic residents : NCBs must give national estimates of the coverage of securities for each category of issues by domestic residents, i.e. issues of short-term securities, long-term securities, and listed shares, in local currency, other euro/national denominations including ECU, and other currencies in accordance with the table below. The estimates for ‘coverage in %’ must indicate the share of securities covered in each instrument category as percentages of the total issue, which must be reported under the relevant heading following the reporting rules. Brief descriptions may be provided in ‘comments’. NCBs must also indicate any changes in coverage as a result of joining the monetary union. Coverage in %: Comments: Issues in euro/ national denominations Local denomination STS LTS QUS Euro/national denominations other than the local currency including ECU STS LTS In other currencies STS LTS STS = short-term debt securities. LTS = long-term debt securities. QUS = listed shares.

Section 4: Requirements for the Bank for International Settlements

The reporting requirements for the BIS follow the same principles as those for NCBs outlined in sections 1-3, except for the following:

Table 4. Block B Reporting form for the BIS

ROW RESIDENT ISSUERS//EURO/NATIONAL DENOMINATIONS Outstanding amounts Gross issues Redemptions B1 B2 B3 9. SHORT-TERM DEBT SECURITIES Total S577 S642 S707 Central bank S578 S643 S708 MFIs other than central banks S579 S644 S709 OFIs S580 S645 S710 Of which FVC S581 S646 S711 Financial auxiliaries S582 S647 S712 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S583 S648 S713 Insurance corp. and pension funds S584 S649 S714 Non-financial corporations S585 S650 S715 Central government S586 S651 S716 State and local government S587 S652 S717 Social security funds S588 S653 S718 International organisations S589 S654 S719 10. LONG-TERM DEBT SECURITIES Total S590 S655 S720 Central bank S591 S656 S721 MFIs other than central banks S592 S657 S722 OFIs S593 S658 S723 Of which FVC S594 S659 S724 Financial auxiliaries S595 S660 S725 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S596 S661 S726 Insurance corp. and pension funds S597 S662 S727 Non-financial corporations S598 S663 S728 Central government S599 S664 S729 State and local government S600 S665 S730 Social security funds S601 S666 S731 International organisations S602 S667 S732 10.1 of which fixed rate issues: Total S603 S668 S733 Central bank S604 S669 S734 MFIs other than central banks S605 S670 S735 OFIs S606 S671 S736 Of which FVC S607 S672 S737 Financial auxiliaries S608 S673 S738 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S609 S674 S739 Insurance corp. and pension funds S610 S675 S740 Non-financial corporations S611 S676 S741 Central government S612 S677 S742 State and local government S613 S678 S743 Social security funds S614 S679 S744 International organisations S615 S680 S745 10.2 of which floating rate issues: Total S616 S681 S746 Central bank S617 S682 S747 MFIs other than central banks S618 S683 S748 OFIs S619 S684 S749 Of which FVC S620 S685 S750 Financial auxiliaries S621 S686 S751 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S622 S687 S752 Insurance corp. and pension funds S623 S688 S753 Non-financial corporations S624 S689 S754 Central government S625 S690 S755 State and local government S626 S691 S756 Social security funds S627 S692 S757 International organisations S628 S693 S758 10.3 of which zero coupon bonds: Total S629 S694 S759 Central bank S630 S695 S760 MFIs other than central banks S631 S696 S761 OFIs S632 S697 S762 Of which FVC S633 S698 S763 Financial auxiliaries S634 S699 S764 Captive financial institutions and money lenders S635 S700 S765 Insurance corp. and pension funds S636 S701 S766 Non-financial corporations S637 S702 S767 Central government S638 S703 S768 State and local government S639 S704 S769 Social security funds S640 S705 S770 International organisations S641 S706 S771

Maturity of issues

With regard to maturity, the BIS considers all euro commercial paper ECP and other euro notes drawn under a short-term programme as short-term instruments, and all instruments issued under long-term documentation as long-term instruments whatever their original maturity.

Sectoral breakdown of issuers

The BIS follows the mappings between the sectoral breakdown of issuers available in the BIS database and those requested in the report forms, as shown in the table below.

Sectoral breakdown in BIS database Classification in report forms Central bank → Central bank Commercial banks → MFIs OFI → OFIs Central government → Central government Other government State agencies → State and local government Corporations → Non-financial corporations International institutions → International institutions (RoW)

Classification of issues

The following instruments contained in the BIS database are classified as debt securities in the securities issues statistics:

— certificates of deposit,

— commercial paper,

— treasury bills,

— bonds,

— euro commercial paper,

— medium-term notes,

— other short-term paper.

Valuation

Current BIS valuation rules are face value for debt securities and issue price for listed shares.

The BIS reports to the ECB all issues by RoW residents in euro/national denominations (Block B) in US dollars using the end-of-period exchange rate for amounts outstanding and the period’s average exchange rate for issues and redemptions. The ECB converts all data into euro using the same principle as initially applied by the BIS. For periods prior to 1 January 1999, the exchange rate between the ECU and the US dollar must be used as a proxy.

GLOSSARY

Capital shares issued by limited liability companies are securities that give their holders the status of joint owners and entitle them to a share in the total distributed profits and in the net assets in the event of liquidation.

Captive financial institutions and money lenders are financial corporations and quasi-corporations that are neither engaged in financial intermediation nor in providing financial auxiliary services, and where most of either their assets or their liabilities are not transacted on open markets. This subsector includes holding companies that hold controlling-levels of equity of a group of subsidiary corporations and whose principal activity is owning the group without providing any other service to the businesses in which the equity is held; that is, they do not administer or manage other units (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.98 to 2.99).

Central bank is a financial corporation and quasi-corporation whose principal function is to issue currency, to maintain the internal and external value of the currency and to hold all or part of the international reserves of the country.

Central government consists of administrative departments of the state and other central agencies whose competence extends over the whole economic territory, except for the administration of social security funds (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.114).

Debt securities are negotiable financial instruments serving as evidence of debt that are usually traded on secondary markets, or can be offset on the market, and do not grant the holder any ownership rights over the issuing institution.

Dividend shares issued by limited liability companies are securities, which according to the country and the circumstances in which they are created, have a variety of names such as founders’ shares, profits shares, dividends shares, etc. These securities: (a) do not form part of the registered capital; (b) do not give the holders the status of joint owners in the strict sense; and (c) do not entitle the holders to a proportion of any profits remaining after dividends are paid on the registered capital and to a fraction of any surplus remaining on liquidation.

Euro bonds are bonds, placed simultaneously on the market of at least two countries and denominated in a currency which need not be that of either, usually through an international syndicate of financial corporations from several countries.

Financial auxiliaries consist of all financial corporations and quasi-corporations that are principally engaged in activities closely related to financial inter- mediation but which are not financial intermediaries themselves. Head offices whose subsidiaries are all or mostly financial corporations are also financial auxiliaries (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.95-2.97).

Financial vehicle corporations engaged in securitisation transactions (FVCs) are defined in Article 1(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1075/2013 (ECB/2013/40).

Fixed rate issues include all issues where the coupon payment, based on the security principal coupon rate, does not change during the life of the issue.

General government comprises institutional units that are non-market producers whose output is intended for individual and collective consumption, and are financed by compulsory payments made by units belonging to other sectors, and institutional units principally engaged in the redistribution of national income and wealth (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.111 to 2.113). General government includes the central government, state government, local government and social security funds (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.114 to 2.117).

Global bonds are bonds that are issued simultaneously on the domestic and euro market.

Households comprise individuals or groups of individuals as consumers and as entrepreneurs producing market goods and non-financial and financial services (market producers) provided that the production of goods and services is not by separate entities treated as quasi-corporations. It also includes individuals or groups of individuals as producers of goods and non-financial services for exclusively own final use (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.118 to 2.128).

Insurance corporations are financial corporations and quasi-corporations that are principally engaged in financial intermediation as a consequence of the pooling of risks mainly in the form of direct insurance or reinsurance (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.100 to 2.104)

International institutions comprise supranational and international organisations, such as the European Investment Bank, the IMF and the World Bank.

Issuers of securities are those corporations and quasi-corporations engaged in issuing securities and incurring a legal obligation to the bearers of these instruments in accordance with the terms of issue.

Issue of bonus shares is the remittance of new shares to shareholders in proportion to their existing holdings.

Listed shares, also referred to as quoted shares, excluding investment fund’s shares/units are equity securities listed on an exchange. Such an exchange may be a recognised stock exchange or any other form of secondary market. Listed shares are also referred to as quoted shares. The existence of quoted prices of shares listed on an exchange means that current market prices are usually readily available.

Long-term debt securities comprise all issues of debt securities with a long-term original maturity of more than one year; long-term securities are generally issued with coupons.

Monetary financial institutions (MFIs) other than central banks are defined in Article 1 of Regulation (EU) No 1071/2013 (ECB/2013/33).

Non-financial corporations are institutional units that are independent legal entities and market producers, and whose principal activity is production of goods and non-financial services. This sector also includes non-financial quasi- corporations (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.45 to 2.54)

Non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs) consist of non-profit institutions that are separate legal entities, serve households, and are private non-market producers. Their principal resources are voluntary contributions in cash or in kind from households in their capacity as consumers, from payments made by general governments and from property income (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.129 to 2.130).

Non-resident issuers comprise units that are: (a) located in the economic territory of the reporting country, but which do not and do not intend to engage in economic activities or transactions for a period of one year or more in the territory of the reporting country; or (b) located outside the economic territory of the reporting country.

Notional resident units are defined as: (a) those parts of non-resident units that have a centre of predominant economic interest (which usually means they engage in economic transactions for a year or more) in the economic territory of the country; (b) non-resident units in their capacity as owners of land or buildings in the economic territory of the country, but only in respect of transactions affecting such land or buildings.

Other equity comprises all transactions in other equity that are not covered by listed and unlisted shares.

Other financial intermediaries, except insurance corporations and pension funds (OFIs) are financial corporations and quasi-corporations principally engaged in financial intermediation by incurring liabilities in forms other than currency, deposits (or close substitutes to deposits), investment fund shares/units, or in relation to insurance, pension and standardised guarantee schemes from institutional units (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.86 to 2.94).

Pension funds are financial corporations and quasi-corporations that are principally engaged in financial intermediation as the consequence of the pooling of social risks and needs of the insured persons (social insurance). Pension funds as social insurance schemes provide income in retirement, and often benefits for death and disability (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.105 to 2.110).

Private placements refer to the sale of an issue of equity securities to a single buyer or to a limited number of buyers without a public offering.

Privately issued bonds are bonds restricted by bilateral agreement to certain investors, if the bonds are at least potentially transferable.

Redeemed shares in limited liability companies are shares whose capital has been repaid but which are retained by the holders who continue to be joint owners and to be entitled to a share in the profits left after dividends have been paid on the remaining registered capital and also to a share in any surplus that may be left on liquidation.

Residency of issuer: the issuing unit is defined as a resident of the reporting country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of the reporting country; that is, when it engages for an extended period (one year or more) in economic activities in this territory.

Securitisation is defined in Article 1(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1075/2013 (ECB/2013/40).

Short-term debt securities consist of all issues of debt securities with a short- term original maturity of one year or less; short-term securities are generally issued at a discount. This sub-position does not include securities whose negotiability, while theoretically possible, is very restricted in practice.

Social security funds are central, state and local institutional units whose principal activity is to provide social benefits and which fulfil both of the following two criteria: (a) by law or by regulation certain groups of the population are obliged to participate in the scheme or to pay contributions; and (b) general government is responsible for the management of the institution in respect of the settlement or approval of the contributions and benefits independently from its role as supervisory body or employer (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.117).

Split share issues are issues of shares where the corporation or quasi-corporation increases the number of shares by a ratio or multiple.

State and local government: state government means those types of public administration that are separate institutional units exercising some of the functions of government, except for the administration of social security funds, at a level below that of the central government and above that of the govern- mental institutional units existing at local level. Local government means those types of public administration whose competence extends only to a local part of the economy, apart from local agencies of social security funds (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.115 to 2.116).

Subordinated bonds, often referred to as subordinated debt, provide a subsidiary claim on the issuing institution that can only be exercised after all claims with a higher status (e.g. deposits/loans or senior debt securities) have been satisfied, which in some instances may give them some of the characteristics of ‘shares and other equity’.

Subsidiaries are separate incorporated entities in which another entity has a majority or full participation.

Unlisted shares, excluding investment fund shares, are equity securities not listed on an exchange.

Variable rate issues include all coupon paying issues where the coupon or principal is periodically re-fixed by reference to an independent interest rate or index.

Zero coupon bonds include all issues without coupon payment. Usually such bonds are issued at a discount and redeemed at par. They also include bonds issued at par and redeemed at a premium, e.g. bonds whose redemption value is linked to an exchange rate or an index. Most of the discount or premium represents the equivalent of the interest accrued during the life of the bond.

(1) If reporters encounter a methodological issue not expressly covered in this Guideline, they should apply the revised European system of national and regional accounts (‘ESA 2010’) laid down in Annex A to Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Union (OJ L 174, 26.6.2013, p. 1).

(*1) ‘Other currencies’ refers to all other currencies, including the national currencies of non-euro area Member States.

(*2) Debt securities other than shares refer to ‘securities other than shares, excluding financial derivatives’.

(*3) Net issues are only required should NCBs not be able to transmit either gross issues or redemptions.

((†)) Listed shares refer to ‘listed shares excluding investment fund and money market fund shares/units’.

(2) See paragraph 2.07 of the ESA 2010.

(3) Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Union (OJ L 174, 26.6.2013, p. 1).

(4) No data are collected for the money market funds sector.

(5) No data are collected for the investment funds sector.

(6) In practice debt securities are not issued by pension funds.

(7) See paragraphs 2.17 to 2.20 of the ESA 2010.

(8) See paragraph 5.102 of the ESA 2010.

(9) Category F.3 of the ESA 2010.

(10) Category F.511 of the ESA 2010.

(11) Category F.512 of the ESA 2010.

(12) Category F.519 of the ESA 2010.

(13) Block A for NCBs and Block B for the BIS.

(14) Not defined as a financial transaction; see paragraphs 5.158 and 6.59 of the ESA 2010, and point 5(b) of Section 2 of this Annex.

(15) Transaction on a secondary market involving a change of the holder not covered by these statistics.

(16) Considered as two financial transactions; see paragraphs 5.96 and 6.25 of the ESA 2010, and point 5(a)(ii) of Section 2 of this Annex.

(17) Transaction on a secondary market involving a change of the holder is not covered by these statistics.

(18) For more detail on the definition of ‘face value’, ‘market value’ and ‘nominal value’ see paragraphs 5.90, 7.38 and 7.39 of the ESA 2010.

(19) Since 1 January 1999, for securities issued by domestic residents in euro (part of Block A) no exchange rate valuation is required, and securities issued by domestic residents in euro/national denominations (remaining part of Block A) are converted into euro applying the irrevocable conversion rates of 31 December 1998.

(20) See paragraph 6.64 of the ESA 2010.