COUNCIL DECISION (CFSP) 2020/1515

of 19 October 2020

establishing a European Security and Defence College, and repealing Decision (CFSP) 2016/2382

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Articles 28(1) and 42(4) thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy,

Whereas:

(1) On 18 July 2005, the Council adopted Joint Action 2005/575/CFSP (1) establishing the European Security and Defence College ('ESDC'). That Joint Action was replaced on 23 June 2008 by Council Joint Action 2008/550/CFSP (2), which, in turn, was replaced by Council Decision 2013/189/CFSP (3). Finally, Decision 2013/189/CFSP was replaced by Council Decision (CFSP) 2016/2382 (4).

(2) On 10 and 11 November 2008, the Council adopted the European Young Officers Exchange Scheme, inspired by the Erasmus programme and agreed that an implementing working party will meet within the framework of the Executive Academic Board of the ESDC.

(3) On 26 June 2020, the ESDC Steering Committee ('Steering Committee') agreed on recommendations on the future perspectives of the ESDC.

(4) Whilst the staff of the ESDC should consist mainly of seconded national experts, it may be necessary to fill certain critical posts by contracted staff members.

(5) Pursuant to Council Decision 2010/427/EU (5), which establishes the organisation and functioning of the European External Action Service (EEAS), the EEAS should provide the ESDC with the support previously provided by the General Secretariat of the Council.

(6) Decision (CFSP) 2016/2382 should therefore be repealed,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

CHAPTER I

Establishment, mission, objectives and tasks

Article 1 Establishment A European Security and Defence College (ESDC) is hereby established.

Article 2 Mission The ESDC shall provide training and education in the field of the Union's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) in the wider context of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) at European level in order to develop and promote a common understanding of CFSP and CSDP among civilian and military personnel and to identify and disseminate best practices in relation to various CFSP and CSDP, issues through its training and education activities ('ESDC training and education activities').

Article 3 Objectives The ESDC shall have the following objectives: (a) to further enhance the common European security and defence culture within the Union and to promote the principles laid down in Article 21(1) of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) outside the Union; (b) to promote a better understanding of CSDP as an essential part of CFSP; (c) to provide Union instances with knowledgeable personnel able to work efficiently on all CSDP matters within the wider context of CFSP; (d) to provide Member States' administrations and staff with knowledgeable personnel familiar with Union policies, institutions and procedures in the field of CSDP; (e) to provide CSDP Missions' and Operations' personnel with a common understanding of CSDP Missions' and Operations' functioning principles and a sense of common European identity; (f) to provide training and education responding to training and educational needs of CSDP Missions and Operations; (g) to support Union partnerships in the field of CSDP, in particular partnerships with those countries participating in CSDP missions; (h) to support civilian crisis management including in the field of conflict prevention, and establishing or preserving the conditions necessary for sustainable development; (i) to promote the European Initiative for the Exchange of Young Officers; (j) to promote PhD-level research in domains related to CSDP; (k) to provide Member States' and Union administrations with knowledgeable personnel familiar with Union policies, institutions, procedures and best practices in the field of cyber security and defence; (l) to help promote professional relations and contacts among training and education participants. Where appropriate, attention shall be paid to ensuring consistency with other activities of the Union.

Article 4 Tasks of the ESDC 1. The main tasks of the ESDC shall be, in accordance with its mission and objectives, to organise and conduct ESDC training and education activities in the field of the CSDP in the wider context of CFSP. 2. The ESDC training and education activities shall include: (a) basic and advanced level courses promoting generic understanding of CFSP and CSDP; (b) courses developing leadership; (c) courses directly supporting CSDP Missions and Operations, including pre‐deployment and in-mission/in-operation training and education; (d) courses supporting EU partnerships and countries participating in CSDP Missions and Operations; (e) modules supporting civilian and military training and education in the field of CSDP; (f) CSDP courses, seminars, programmes and conferences for specialised audiences or with specific focus; (g) common modules run under the European Initiative for the Exchange of Young Officers, inspired by the Erasmus programme; although formally not ESDC training and education activities, the ESDC will also support and promote European semesters and joint master's degrees making use of the common modules referred to in this point; (h) cyber awareness and advanced level courses, including in support of CSDP missions and operations; (i) courses and seminars aimed at supporting PhD-level research through exchange of best practices and experience. Other training and education activities shall be undertaken, as decided by the Steering Committee referred to in Article 9. 3. In addition to the activities referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article, the ESDC shall, in particular: (a) support the relations to be established between the institutes referred to in Article 5(1) engaged in the network referred to in that paragraph ('the network'); (b) run and further develop an e-Learning system to support CSDP training and education activities or, in exceptional circumstances, be used as stand-alone training and education activities; (c) develop and produce training and educational material in the field of CSDP also drawing on already existing relevant material; (d) support an Alumni Association between former training participants; (e) support exchange programmes in the field of CSDP between the Member States' training and educational institutes; (f) act as compartment administrator of the Schoolmaster module of the Goalkeeper project and provide contributions to the annual Union Training Programme in CSDP through this module; (g) act as administrator of the Union-instance of the CD-TXP platform for the exchange of cyber related training opportunities; (h) provide support to the management of training and education in the field of conflict prevention, civilian crisis management, establishing or preserving the conditions necessary for sustainable development and Security Sector Reform initiatives, as well as promotion of cyber security and hybrid threats' awareness; (i) organise and run an annual network conference bringing together civilian and military training and education experts in CFSP and CSDP from Member States' training and educational institutes and ministries, and relevant external training and education actors as appropriate; (j) maintain relationships with relevant actors in the field of Freedom Security and Justice, in the field of Development and Cooperation, and with relevant International Organisations; (k) support the Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management and the EU Civilian Training Group by administering and managing the travel and accommodation costs relating to the activities of the Civilian Coordinators for Training; (l) participate in the meetings of the Union civilian and military training groups, derive civilian/military training requirements from their output and take the results of the requirements analysis into account during the annual prioritisation exercise of ESDC activities and for the development of ESDC curricula; and (m) further elaborate, maintain and promote the sectoral qualification framework for military officers.

CHAPTER II

Organisation

Article 5 Network 1. The ESDC shall be organised as a network bringing together civilian and military institutes, colleges, academies, universities, institutions, centres of excellence and other actors dealing with security and defence policy issues within the Union as identified by Member States, as well as the European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS). The ESDC shall establish close links with the Union institutions and relevant Union agencies, in particular with, but not limited to: — the Union Agency for law enforcement training (CEPOL), — the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (FRONTEX), — the European Defence Agency (EDA), — the European Satellite Centre (EU SatCen), and — the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol). 2. Where appropriate, international, intergovernmental, governmental or non-governmental organisations may obtain the status of 'associate network partner' (ANP), the detailed arrangements for which will be agreed by the Steering Committee. 3. The ESDC shall work under the overall responsibility of the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy ('HR').

Article 6 Role of European Union Institute for Security Studies 1. As part of the ESDC network, the EUISS shall cooperate with the ESDC by making its expertise and knowledge-gathering capabilities available for ESDC training activities, including through EUISS publications, within the limits of its own capabilities. 2. In particular, the EUISS shall provide lectures given by EUISS analysts and contribute to the further development of the ESDC e-Learning content. 3. The EUISS shall support the ESDC Alumni Association.

Article 7 Legal capacity 1. The ESDC shall have the necessary legal capacity in order to: (a) fulfil its tasks and meet its objectives; (b) enter into contracts and administrative arrangements necessary for its functioning including to implement staff secondments and recruit contract staff; acquire equipment, in particular teaching equipment; (c) hold bank accounts; and (d) be a party to legal proceedings. 2. Any liability that may arise from contracts concluded by the ESDC, shall be covered by the funds available to it pursuant to Articles 16 and 17.

Article 8 Structure The following structure shall be set up under the ESDC: (a) the Steering Committee with responsibility for the overall coordination and direction of the ESDC training and education activities; (b) the Executive Academic Board ('the Board') with responsibility for ensuring the quality and coherence of the ESDC training and education activities; (c) the Head of the ESDC ('the Head'), sole legal representative of the ESDC, with responsibility for the financial and administrative management of the ESDC, as well as advising the Steering Committee and the Board on the organisation and management of ESDC activities; (d) the ESDC Secretariat ('the Secretariat') which is to assist the Head in fulfilling the Head's tasks and in particular in assisting the Board to ensure the overall quality and coherence of the ESDC training and education activities.

Article 9 Steering Committee 1. The Steering Committee shall be composed of one representative appointed by each Member State and shall be the decision-making body of the ESDC. Each member of the Committee may be represented or accompanied by an alternate member. 2. Members of the Steering Committee may be accompanied by experts to meetings of the Committee. 3. The Steering Committee shall be chaired by a representative of the HR who has appropriate experience. It shall meet at least four times a year. 4. Representatives from countries acceding to the Union may attend the Steering Committee's meetings as active observers. 5. The Head, other ESDC staff, the Chairperson of the Board and, when appropriate, the Chairpersons of its different configurations as well as a representative of the Commission and other Union institutions, including EEAS, shall participate in the meetings of the Steering Committee without the right to vote. 6. The tasks of the Steering Committee shall be to: (a) approve and keep under regular review the ESDC training and education activities reflecting the agreed CSDP training and education requirements; (b) approve the annual academic programme of the ESDC; (c) select and prioritise the training and education activities to be run under the ESDC, taking into account the resources made available to the ESDC and the training and education requirements identified; (d) select the Member State(s) hosting the ESDC training and education activities and the institutes conducting them; (e) decide on opening specific ESDC training and education activities to third- country participation within the general political framework set by the Political and Security Committee; (f) adopt the curricula for all ESDC training and education activities; (g) take note of the course evaluation reports; (h) take note of the general annual report on ESDC training and education activities and adopt the recommendations therein, to be forwarded to the relevant Council bodies; (i) provide overall guidance to the work of the Board; (j) appoint the Chairpersons of the Board and its different configurations; (k) take the necessary decisions with regard to the functioning of the ESDC in so far as these are not attributed to other bodies; (l) approve the annual budget and any amending budget, acting on proposals from the Head; (m) approve the annual accounts and give a discharge to the Head; (n) approve additional rules applicable to expenditure managed by the ESDC; (o) approve any financing agreement and/or technical arrangement with the Commission, the EEAS, a Union Agency or a Member State regarding the financing and/or the implementation of the ESDC expenditure; (p) contribute to the selection process of the Head as defined in Article 11(3); (q) evaluate the performance of his or her tasks by the Head as regards the potential extension of his or her mandate as referred in Article 11(4). 7. The Steering Committee shall approve its Rules of Procedure. 8. Except for the case provided for in Article 2(6) of the Financial Rules applicable to expenditure funded by the ESDC and to the financing of the expenditure of the ESDC, which are set out in the Annex to this Decision (the "Financial Rules"), the Steering Committee shall act by qualified majority, as defined in Article 16(4) TEU.

Article 10 Executive Academic Board 1. The Board shall be composed of senior representatives from those civilian and military institutes and other actors identified by Member States to support the conduct of ESDC training and education activities and of the Director of EUISS or the Director's representative. 2. The Chairperson of the Board shall be appointed by the Steering Committee among the members of the Board. 3. Representatives of the Commission and of EEAS shall be invited to attend the meetings of the Board. 4. Senior representatives of the associate network partners shall be invited to attend the meetings of the Board as active observers. 5. Academic experts and senior officials from Union and national institutions may be invited to attend the meetings of the Board, as observers. When appropriate and on a case-by-case basis, academic experts and senior officials who are representatives of institutes that are not a member of the network may be invited to participate in the meetings of the Board. 6. The tasks of the Board shall be to: (a) provide academic advice and recommendations to the Steering Committee; (b) implement, through the network, the agreed annual academic programme; (c) oversee the e-Learning system; (d) develop curricula for all ESDC training and education activities; (e) ensure general coordination of ESDC training and education activities among all institutes; (f) review standards of the training and education activities undertaken in the previous academic year; (g) submit proposals to the Steering Committee for training and education activities in the next academic year; (h) ensure a systematic evaluation of all ESDC training and education activities and approve the course evaluation reports; (i) contribute to the draft general annual report on ESDC activities; (j) support the implementation of the European Initiative for the Exchange of Young Officers, inspired by the Erasmus programme. 7. To fulfil its tasks, the Board may meet in different project-focused configurations. The Board shall draw up the rules and arrangements governing the creation and functioning of these configurations to be agreed by the Steering Committee. Each configuration shall report its activities back to the overall Board at least once every year, after which its mandate may be extended. 8. Members of the Secretariat shall support and assist the Board and each of its configurations. Those members shall attend the meetings without the right to vote. If no other candidate can be identified, a member may, at the same time, chair the meetings. 9. The Rules of Procedure of the Board and each of its configurations shall be adopted by the Steering Committee.

Article 11 Head of the ESDC 1. The Head shall: (a) be responsible for the ESDC activities; (b) be the sole legal representative of the ESDC; (c) be responsible for the financial and administrative management of the ESDC; (d) advise the Steering Committee and the Board and support their work; and (e) act as the representative of the ESDC for training and education activities within and outside the network. 2. Candidates for the position of Head shall be persons with recognised long‐standing expertise and experience in training and education. Member States may put forward candidates for the position of Head. Staff of the Union institutions and the EEAS may apply for this position, in accordance with the applicable rules. 3. The pre-selection process shall be organised under the responsibility of the HR. The pre-selection panel shall be composed of three representatives of the EEAS. It shall be chaired by the Chair of the Steering Committee. On the basis of the pre-selection results, the HR shall submit to that Committee a recommendation with a shortlist of at least three candidates, drawn-up in the order of the pre-selection panel's preference. At least half of the candidates on the shortlist should come from Member States. During the selection process, the candidates shall present their vision for the ESDC to that Committee, after which Member States shall be invited to rank the candidates in a written, secret vote. The Head shall be appointed by the HR as a member of the EEAS staff for a period not exceeding three years. 4. Before the end of the period referred to in paragraph 3, the performance of his or her tasks by the Head shall be evaluated by the Steering Committee, in particular against the objectives set in the vision he or she presented during the selection process. On the basis of this evaluation, that Committee shall then either propose to extend the mandate of the current head or to launch a new selection procedure to select a new Head. In the latter case, the current Head may not apply for that position. In case of extension, the total duration of the mandate of the Head shall not exceed five years. 5. The tasks of the Head shall in particular be to: (a) take all necessary steps, including the adoption of internal administrative instructions and the publication of notices, to ensure the effective functioning of ESDC activities; (b) draw up the preliminary draft annual report of the ESDC and its preliminary draft work programme to be submitted to the Steering Committee on the basis of the proposals submitted by the Board; (c) co-ordinate the implementation of the ESDC work programme; (d) maintain contacts with the relevant authorities in Member States; (e) maintain contacts with relevant external training and education actors in the field of CFSP and CSDP; (f) conclude where necessary technical arrangements on ESDC training and education activities with the relevant authorities and training and education actors in the field of CFSP and CSDP; (g) perform any other task attributed to him or her by the Steering Committee. 6. The Head shall be responsible for the financial and administrative management of the ESDC, and in particular shall: (a) draw up and submit to the Steering Committee any draft budget; (b) adopt the budgets after their approval by the Steering Committee; (c) be the authorising officer for the ESDC budget; (d) open one or more bank accounts on behalf of the ESDC; (e) negotiate, submit to the Steering Committee and conclude any financing agreement and/or technical arrangement with the Commission, the EEAS or a Member State regarding the financing and/or the implementation of the ESDC expenditure; (f) select the staff of the Secretariat, assisted by a selection panel; (g) negotiate and sign on behalf of the ESDC any Exchange of Letters for the secondment to the ESDC of Secretariat staff; (h) negotiate and sign on behalf of the ESDC any contract of employment for staff paid from the ESDC budget; (i) generally, represent the ESDC for the purpose of all legal acts with financial implications; (j) submit to the Steering Committee the ESDC annual accounts. 7. The Head shall be accountable to the Steering Committee for his or her activities.

Article 12 ESDC Secretariat 1. The Secretariat shall assist the Head in fulfilling the tasks of the Head. 2. The Secretariat shall provide support to the Steering Committee, to the Board including its configurations and to institutes for the management, coordination and organisation of the ESDC training and education activities. 3. The Secretariat shall support and assist the Board in ensuring the overall quality and coherence of ESDC training and education activities and in ensuring that they remain in line with the Union's policy developments. In particular, they shall help to ensure that all steps in the delivery of a training and education activity, from curriculum development and the content to the methodologic approach, shall reflect the highest possible standards. 4. Each institute forming the ESDC network shall designate a point of contact with the Secretariat to deal with the organisational and administrative issues connected with the organisation of the ESDC training and education activities. 5. The Secretariat shall closely co-operate with the Commission and the EEAS.

Article 13 ESDC Staff 1. The ESDC staff shall consist of: (a) staff seconded to the ESDC by Union institutions, the EEAS and Union agencies; (b) national experts seconded to the ESDC by Member States; (c) contracted staff when no national expert has been identified and following approval by the Steering Committee. 2. The ESDC may receive interns and visiting fellows. 3. The number of ESDC staff shall be decided by the Steering Committee together with the budget for the next year and have a clear link to the number of ESDC training and education activities and other tasks as defined in Article 4. 4. The Decision of the HR establishing the rules applicable to national experts seconded to the EEAS shall be applicable mutatis mutandis to national experts seconded to the ESDC by Member States. The Staff Regulations of Officials of the European Union and the Conditions for Employment of Other Servants of the European Union (6), shall apply for personnel seconded to the ESDC by Union institutions, including for contracted staff paid from the ESDC budget. 5. The Steering Committee, acting on a proposal from the HR, shall define in so far as necessary the conditions applicable to interns and visiting fellows. 6. ESDC staff cannot conclude contracts or engage in any kind of financial obligations on behalf of the ESDC without prior written authorisation by the Head.

CHAPTER III

Financing

Article 14 Contributions in kind to training and education activities 1. Each Member State, Union institution, Union agency and institute, and EEAS shall bear all costs related to its participation in the ESDC, including salaries, allowances, travel and subsistence expenses and costs related to organisational and administrative support of the ESDC training and education activities. 2. Each participant in ESDC training and education activities shall bear all costs related to his or her participation.

Article 15 Support by the EEAS 1. The EEAS shall bear the costs arising from the hosting of the Head and the Secretariat within its premises, including information technology costs, the secondment of the Head and the secondment of one assistant staff member to the Secretariat. 2. The EEAS shall provide the ESDC with the administrative support necessary to recruit and manage its staff and to implement its budget.

Article 16 Contribution from the general budget of the European Union 1. The ESDC shall receive an annual or multi-annual contribution from the general budget of the European Union. That contribution may cover, in particular, costs of supporting training and education activities and the costs of national experts seconded by Member States to the ESDC and up to one contracted staff member. 2. The financial reference amount intended to cover the expenditure of the ESDC during the period from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021 shall be EUR 2 055 156. The financial reference amount intended to cover the expenditure of the ESDC for subsequent periods shall be decided by the Council. 3. Following the decision by the Council as referred to in paragraph 2, a financing agreement with the Commission shall be negotiated by the Head.

Article 17 Voluntary contributions 1. For the purpose of financing specific activities, the ESDC may receive and manage voluntary contributions from Member States and institutes or other donors. Such contributions shall be specifically designated by the ESDC. 2. Technical arrangements for the contributions referred to in paragraph 1 shall be negotiated by the Head.

Article 18 Implementation of projects 1. The ESDC can apply for research and other projects in the field of CFSP. The ESDC can act as a project coordinator or a member. The Head can be attached to the 'advisory board' of such a project. The Head may delegate this task to one of the Chairpersons of the Board configurations or to a member of the Secretariat. 2. Contribution coming from those projects has to be made visible in the amending budget of the ESDC and used according to the tasks and objectives of the ESDC.

Article 19 Financial rules The Financial Rules shall apply to expenditure funded by the ESDC and to the financing of such expenditure.

CHAPTER IV

Miscellaneous provisions

Article 20 Participation in ESDC training and education activities 1. All ESDC training and education activities shall be open to participation by nationals of all Member States and acceding States. The organising and conducting institutes shall ensure that this principle applies without any exception. 2. The ESDC training and education activities shall also be open in principle to participation by nationals of countries that are candidates for accession to the Union and, as appropriate, of other third States and organisations, in particular for those training and education activities referred to in point (d) of Article 4(2). 3. Participants shall be civilian/diplomatic/police/military personnel dealing with aspects in the field of CSDP and CFSP, and experts to be deployed in CSDP missions or operations. Representatives of, inter alia, international organisations, non-governmental organisations, academic institutions and the media, as well as members of the business community, may be invited to participate in ESDC training and education activities. 4. A certificate signed by the HR shall be awarded to a participant who has completed an ESDC course. The modalities of the certificate shall be kept under review by the Steering Committee. The certificate shall be recognised by Member States and by the Union institutions.

Article 21 Cooperation The ESDC shall cooperate with and draw on the expertise of international organisations and other relevant actors, such as national training and education institutes of third States, in particular but not limited to those referred to in Article 5(2).

Article 22 Security regulations Council Decision 2013/488/EU (7) shall apply to the ESDC.

CHAPTER V

Final provisions

Article 23 Continuity The rules and regulations adopted for the implementation of Decision (CFSP) 2016/2382 shall remain in force for the purpose of implementing this Decision in so far as they are compatible with this Decision and until they are amended or repealed.

Article 24 Repeal Decision (CFSP) 2016/2382 is hereby repealed.

Article 25 Review 1. No later than 20 October 2024, the Head shall initiate a review of the training and education activities, consulting all stakeholders. 2. The review shall be submitted to the Steering Committee.

Article 26 Entry into force This Decision shall enter into force upon the date of adoption.

Article 27 Publication This Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Done at Luxembourg, 19 October 2020. For the Council The President J. KLOECKNER

(1) Council Joint Action 2005/575/CFSP of 18 July 2005 establishing a European Security and Defence College (ESDC) (OJ L 194, 26.7.2005, p. 15).

(2) Council Joint Action 2008/550/CFSP of 23 June 2008 establishing a European Security and Defence College (ESDC) and repealing Joint Action 2005/575/CFSP (OJ L 176, 4.7.2008, p. 20).

(3) Council Decision 2013/189/CFSP of 22 April 2013 establishing a European Security and Defence College (ESDC) and repealing Joint Action 2008/550/CFSP (OJ L 112, 24.4.2013, p. 22).

(4) Council Decision (CFSP) 2016/2382 of 21 December 2016 establishing a European Security and Defence College (ESDC) and repealing Decision 2013/189/CFSP (OJ L 352, 23.12.2016, p. 60).

(5) Council Decision 2010/427/EU of 26 July 2010 establishing the organisation and functioning of the European External Action Service (OJ L 201, 3.8.2010, p. 30).

(6) Regulation (EEC, Euratom, ECSC) No 259/68 of the Council of 29 February 1968 laying down the Staff Regulations of Officials and the Conditions for Employment of Other Servants of the European Communities and instituting special measures temporarily applicable to officials of the Commission (OJ L 56, 4.3.1968, p. 1).

(7) Council Decision 2013/488/EU of 23 September 2013 on the security rules for protecting EU classified information (OJ L 274, 15.10.2013, p. 1).