++++

CONTENTS

THE COMMUNITY COAL MARKET IN 1980 - OUTLOOK FOR 1981*3*

I . SUMMARY*3*

II . GENERAL ECONOMIC SITUATION AND OUTLOOK*4*

III . COAL DEMAND BY SECTOR*4*

1 . STEEL INDUSTRY*4*

2 . POWER STATIONS*5*

3 . OTHER INDUSTRIES*5*

4 . DOMESTIC SECTOR*6*

IV . COMMUNITY COAL PRODUCTION*6*

1 . PRODUCTION STATISTICS*6*

( A ) QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF OUTPUT*6*

( B ) MANPOWER AND PRODUCTIVITY*6*

2 . FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENTS*6*

( A ) COSTS AND PROCEEDS*6*

( B ) FINANCIAL INTERVENTION BY MEMBER STATES*7*

3 . DEVELOPMENTS IN PRODUCTION CAPACITY*7*

( A ) INVESTMENT IN COAL MINING AND PREPARATION*7*

( B ) PIT CLOSURES*7*

V . COAL PRICES*7*

1 . LIST PRICE DEVELOPMENTS*8*

2 . COKING COAL*8*

3 . STEAM COAL*8*

4 . OUTLOOK FOR 1981*8*

VI . COKE*9*

1 . DEVELOPMENTS IN COKING CAPACITY*9*

2 . COKE PRODUCTION AND COAL SUPPLIES TO COKING PLANTS*9*

VII . TRADE IN COAL AND COKE*9*

1 . INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE*9*

2 . TRADE WITH THIRD COUNTRIES10*

( A ) IMPORTS*10*

( B ) EXPORTS*10*

VIII . COAL AND COKE STOCKS*11*

1 . PRODUCERS' COAL AND COKE STOCKS*11*

2 . COAL STOCKS AT POWER STATIONS*11*

3 . COAL AND COKE STOCKS AT COKING PLANTS*11*

IX . TABLES*12*

THE COMMUNITY COAL MARKET IN 1980 OUTLOOK FOR 1981

THE TEXT OF THIS REPORT GENERALLY REFERS TO THE COMMUNITY OF NINE . HOWEVER , VARIOUS FIGURES ESPECIALLY IN THE ANNEXES RELATE TO THE COMMUNITY OF TEN AND/OR GREECE AS INDICATED . ALL ESTIMATES FOR 1980 ARE PROVISIONAL

I . SUMMARY

IN 1980 , INTERNATIONAL ATTENTION - AS EXPRESSED IN OPINIONS AND DETAILED STUDIES - FOCUSED ON THE " RENAISSANCE OF COAL " , A DEVELOPMENT CONSIDERED NECESSARY FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF WORLD ENERGY SUPPLIES .

THE MAIN CONCLUSIONS RELATE TO THE EXPANSION OF COAL PRODUCTION , THE NEED FOR A THREE - OR FIVE-FOLD INCREASE IN WORLD TRADE BETWEEN NOW AND THE YEAR 2000 , AND THE STIMULATION OF DEMAND IN INDUSTRIAL SECTORS .

THESE ASPECTS PROVIDE CRITERIA FOR A SHORT-TERM PICTURE OF THE COMMUNITY COAL MARKET . THE INVESTMENT PROGRAMMES LAUNCHED BY COAL PRODUCERS SOME YEARS AGO , COUPLED WITH IMPROVED PRODUCTIVITY , BROUGHT ABOUT A REVERSAL IN 1979 OF THE PREVIOUS TREND , INCREASING OUTPUT IN THE TWO MAIN PRODUCING COUNTRIES AND CONTAINING THE FALLING RATE OF EXTRACTION IN THE OTHER TWO ; THE TOTAL AVAILABILITIES IN THE COMMUNITY ( PRODUCTION PLUS RECOVERIES ) HAVE RISEN TO 253 MILLION TONNES FOR 1980 AND WILL BE 247 MILLION TONNES IN 1981 .

AT THE SAME TIME , THE COMMUNITY'S TOTAL HARD COAL REQUIREMENTS ARE INCREASING , FROM 316 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 TO 319 MILLION TONNES IN 1981 . THE DEMAND IN NON-PRODUCING COUNTRIES WILL REPRESENT 11 % OF THE LATTER FIGURE . THEIR SHARE OF IMPORTS FROM THIRD COUNTRIES COULD REPRESENT 40 % OF A TONNAGE ESTIMATED AT 77 MILLION TONNES . THESE IMPORTS REMAIN SUBJECT TO COMMUNITY SURVEILLANCE .

THE PROPORTION OF TOTAL COMMUNITY REQUIREMENTS MET BY THE AVAILABILITIES OF THE COAL-PRODUCING COUNTRIES ( PRODUCTION PLUS RECOVERIES ) IS EXPECTED TO FALL FROM 79,9 % IN 1980 TO 77,4 % IN 1981 ; THEIR SHARE OF IMPORTS FROM THIRD COUNTRIES WILL INCREASE IN ABSOLUTE TERMS BY TWO MILLION TONNES .

IN 1980 , AS IN 1981 , INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE REPRESENTS APPROXIMATELY 10 % OF THE AVAILABILITIES ; THE TOTAL VOLUME WILL FALL BY TWO MILLION TONNES BETWEEN 1980 AND 1981 ; IT WILL CONTINUE TO BE OF FUNDAMENTAL IMPORTANCE FOR THE COMMUNITY STEEL INDUSTRY AND FOR CERTAIN DOMESTIC SECTORS .

THE ABOVE FACTORS EXPLAIN WHY , IN A PERIOD OF A SLIGHT UPWARD TREND IN COAL CONSUMPTION , COMPARED WITH A MARGINAL DROP IN TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND A 2,7 % REDUCTION IN THE DEMAND FOR OIL BETWEEN 1980 AND 1981 - THE COMMUNITY COAL INDUSTRY IS CONCERNED WITH THE DIFFICULTIES FACING IT , NAMELY :

- AN INCREASE IN PRODUCTION COSTS ;

- A REDUCTION IN DISPOSALS TO SOME SECTORS HIT BY THE RECESSION ( E.G . STEEL WITH POSSIBLE REPERCUSSIONS IN OTHER SECTORS ( ELECTRICITY ) ;

- THE RESERVATIONS OF POTENTIAL NEW CUSTOMERS , PARTICULARLY IN THE GENERAL INDUSTRY AND DOMESTIC SECTORS ;

- AN INCREASE IN THE SUPPLY OF COAL FROM THIRD COUNTRIES ;

- THE PROTRACTED WEAKNESS OF THE US DOLLAR WHICH DETERMINES THE LEVEL OF REVENUE FROM THE SUBSTANTIAL TONNAGES OF COMMUNITY COAL SOLD AT PRICES ALIGNED ON THOSE OF THIRD COUNTRIES ;

- THE STOCKPILING OF AN EXCESSIVE PROPORTION OF COMMUNITY OUTPUT

IT MAY BE CONCLUDED THAT ANY SIGNIFICANT AND GRADUAL CHANGE IN THE ABOVE FACTORS COULD IMPROVE THE SITUATION OF COMMUNITY PRODUCERS ; PARTICULAR ATTENTION WILL HAVE TO BE PAID IN THE MONTHS AHEAD TO SUPPLIES FROM THE EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND THE EXCHANGE RATE OF THE US DOLLAR . THE OTHER LINKS FORGED BY THE COMMUNITY COAL PRODUCERS OR USERS THROUGHOUT THE COAL-SUPPLY CHAIN , RANGING FROM PRODUCTION IN THIRD COUNTRIES TO DISTRIBUTION IN THE COMMUNITY , MAY MAKE A USEFUL CONTRIBUTION .

THE COAL POLICY MEASURES INTRODUCED IN THE MEMBER STATES IN 1980 RELATE EITHER TO COMMUNITY PRODUCTION OR TO IMPORTS FROM THIRD COUNTRIES .

SOME OF THESE MEASURES ARE DESIGNED TO ENCOURAGE PROSPECTING AND INVESTMENT IN THE COMMUNITY - INCLUDING THE CONSUMPTION STAGE - AT THE SAME TIME AS SETTING LIMITS TO THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR CURRENT OPERATION . OTHERS SEEK TO INCREASE IMPORT OPPORTUNITIES IN ORDER TO WIDEN AND DIVERSIFY THE SUPPLY BASE .

IN A SECTOR HIGHLY SENSITIVE TO THE SLIGHTEST CHANGE , THE PROGRESSIVE NATURE OF THESE MEASURES AND THE UNCERTAINTY ATTACHING TO AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITIONS WHICH WILL DETERMINE THE PATTERN OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN 1981 MAKE IT ESPECIALLY TRICKY , TO MAKE THE ESTIMATES FOR THIS YEAR .

THE COMMISSION WILL REQUEST THE NEXT COUNCIL OF MINISTERS TO INCLUDE THE COAL SITUATION AS AN IMPORTANT POINT ON THE AGENDA .

II . GENERAL ECONOMIC SITUATION AND OUTLOOK

( TABLE 2 )

UNDER THE IMPACT OF THE SECOND OIL PRICE SHOCK IN LESS THAN TEN YEARS , ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE COMMUNITY SLOWED SHARPLY IN 1980 , WITH REAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWING BY ONLY 1,3 % AFTER TWO AND A HALF YEARS OF APPRECIABLE GROWTH .

THE DOWNTURN IN ACTIVITY GATHERED PACE BETWEEN THE TWO HALVES OF THE YEAR . INVESTMENT SPENDING HAD ALREADY SLUMPED FROM ITS 1979 GROWTH RATE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE YEAR AND CONTINUED TO FALL IN THE SECOND . CONSUMER SPENDING , WHICH HAD REMAINDED BUOYANT IN THE FIRST HALF , DROPPED BACK IN THE SECOND . BY THE END OF THE YEAR THEREFORE , THERE WAS A STEEP DECLINE IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND UNEMPLOYMENT HAD REACHED NEW RECORD LEVELS .

CONSUMER PRICE RISES CONTINUED TO ACCELERATE OVER THE FIRST HALF OF 1980 , ALTHOUGH SOME SLOWDOWN BECAME APPARENT IN THE COURSE OF THE YEAR AS THE INITIAL IMPACT WAS ABSORBED , AND FINALLY AVERAGED SOME 12 % FOR THE YEAR AS A WHOLE . THE COMMUNITY'S CURRENT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS HAS SWUNG FROM A SUBSTANTIAL SURPLUS IN 1978 TO A LARGE DEFICIT IN 1980 , PARTLY THROUGH A WORSENING OF THE TERMS OF TRADE AND PARTLY THROUGH A DECLINE IN THE COMMUNITY'S SHARE OF WORLD MARKETS DUE TO A LOSS OF PRICE AND COST COMPETITIVENESS .

THE LABOUR MARKET SITUATION ALSO DETERIORATED DURING 1980 . WITH TOTAL EMPLOYMENT FALLING BACK SHARPLY AND THE LABOUR FORCE RISING RAPIDLY ( FOR DEMOGRAPHIC REASONS ) , UNEMPLOYMENT ROSE STEADILY THROUGHOUT THE YEAR AND BY THE END HAD LARGELY PASSED THE SEVEN MILLION MARK , EQUIVALENT TO 6,6 % OF THE ACTIVE CIVILIAN POPULATION .

ECONOMIC GROWTH IS EXPECTED TO RECOVER IN THE SECOND HALF OF 1981 , ALTHOUGH THE VOLUME OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT WILL SHOW , ON AVERAGE FOR THE YEAR , A FALL OF 0,6 % IN COMPARISON TO 1980 . SEVERE EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONSTRAINTS WILL HAMPER A RETURN TO THE RATES OF GROWTH OF PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL EXPERIENCED IN THE SIXTIES . THE RISE IN UNEMPLOYMENT MAY CONTINUE THROUGHOUT MOST OF THE YEAR AND THE DEFICIT ON CURRENT ACCOUNT COULD INCREASE SLIGHTLY . CONSUMER PRICE INCREASES ARE EXPECTED TO MODERATE BUT , GIVEN PERSISTENT COST INCREASES , THE SLOWDOWN OF INFLATION WILL BE ONLY GRADUAL .

III . COAL DEMAND BY SECTOR

1 . STEEL INDUSTRY

( TABLES 4 TO 7 )

HAVING REACHED A LEVEL OF 57,4 MILLION TONNES IN 1979 , COKE CONSUMPTION BY THE COMMUNITY STEEL INDUSTRY DROPPED TO 53,6 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 AND IS LIKELY TO BE AROUND 51 MILLION TONNES IN 1981 .

ALMOST ALL THE STEEL INDUSTRY'S COKE REQUIREMENT IS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PIG IRON ; WITH THE CONTINUING FALL IN THE AMOUNT OF FUEL OIL INJECTED INTO BLAST FURNACES AS A RESULT OF THE OIL PRICE RISE AND POSSIBLY THE FACT THAT COKE SUPPLIES ARE MORE SECURE , THE COMMUNITY'S AVERAGE SPECIFIC COKE CONSUMPTION PER TONNE OF PIG IRON ROSE FROM 508 KG IN 1979 TO 514 KG IN 1980 . COUPLED WITH A SLIGHT INCREASE IN THE PIG IRON CRUDE STEEL RATIO , THIS EXPLAINS WHY THE CONSUMPTION OF BLAST-FURNACE COKE FELL BY ONLY 6,7 % BETWEEN 1979 AND 1980 WHEREAS THE DROP IN CRUDE STEEL OUTPUT WAS 9 % ( 127,7 MILLION TONNES COMPARED WITH 140,2 MILLION TONNES ) .

THE SITUATION HAS VARIED FROM ONE COUNTRY TO ANOTHER . WHEREAS IN 1980 CRUDE STEEL OUTPUT REMAINDED AT 1979 LEVELS IN FRANCE AND INCREASED BY 9 % IN ITALY , IT FELL IN ALL THE OTHER COUNTRIES . THE DROP WAS PARTICULARLY MARKED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ; FOLLOWING A LONG STRIKE IN THE STEEL INDUSTRY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR AND MAJOR RESTRUCTURING MEASURES , CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION FELL FROM 21,5 MILLION TONNES IN 1979 TO 11,4 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 , A DROP OF 10,1 MILLION TONNES OR 47 % .

STEEL OUTPUT IN THE OTHER COMMUNITY COUNTRIES IN THE FIRST HALF OF 1980 WAS HIGHER THAN IN THE EQUIVALENT PERIOD IN 1979 . FROM JULY ONWARD , FALLING DEMAND FOR STEEL PRODUCTS LED TO A DROP IN OUTPUT . FACED WITH WORSENING PROSPECTS FOR THE FOURTH QUARTER , THE COMMISSION TOOK A DECISION ( NO 2794/80/ECSC ) ON 31 OCTOBER 1980 ( 1 ) RECOGNIZING THE EXISTENCE OF A PERIOD OF MANIFEST CRISIS WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARTICLE 58 OF THE ECSC TREATY AND ESTABLISHING A SYSTEM OF STEEL PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR UNDERTAKINGS IN THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY . THIS DECISION APPLIES FOR THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 1980 AND THE FIRST TWO QUARTERS OF 1981 . THE CRUDE STEEL QUOTAS FOR THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 1980 ARE SOME 20 % BELOW THE OUTPUT LEVEL OF A REFERENCE PERIOD BASED ON FIGURES FOR THE PERIOD 1977-1979 . IT IS EXPECTED THAT OUTPUT WILL FALL BY ABOUT 27 % IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF 1981 . IN THE SECOND QUARTER , A LEVEL OF CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION IS EXPECTED WHICH WILL BRING PRODUCTION FOR THE FIRST HALF YEAR TO ABOUT 57 MILLION TONNES . AN ECONOMIC UPTURN IN THE STEEL INDUSTRY IS UNLIKELY UNTIL THE SECOND HALF OF 1981 .

WITH THE SAME PIG IRON/CRUDE STEEL RATIO AND A SPECIFIC COKE INPUT INCREASING FROM 514 TO 517 KG , COKE CONSUMPTION FOR THE STEEL INDUSTRY AS A WHOLE WOULD BE 51,3 MILLION TONNES .

2 . POWER STATIONS

( TABLES 8 A , B , C AND D )

IN THE THREE-YEAR PERIOD 1979-1981 SOLID FUELS' SHARE OF THE COMMUNITY'S GROSS ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION WILL HAVE BEEN IN THE REGION OF 42 % ( ALMOST 34 % OF IT FROM HARD COAL ) , WHEREAS THE SHARE OF OIL AND GAS WILL HAVE DROPPED FROM 36 % TO 32 % ; THERE WILL HAVE BEEN APPRECIABLE INCREASES IN NUCLEAR GENERATION , FROM 11 % TO 15 % , WITH HYDRO-ELECTRICITY STABLE AT AROUND 11 % . THESE CHANGES SHOULD BE SEEN AGAINST THE GENERAL BACKGROUND OF STOCKERING GROWTH IN NET ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN 1980 ( 1,5 % OVER 1979 ) , THOUGH THE PICTURE WILL BE SLIGHTLY BRIGHTER IN 1981 , WHEN PRODUCTION IS EXPECTED TO RISE BY 3,9 % OVER 1980 . THIS YEAR PRODUCTION SHOULD EXCEED 1 300 TWH .

IN THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE , HARD COAL CONSUMPTION IN POWER STATIONS WILL BE 145 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 AND SHOULD RISE TO 148 MILLION TONNES IN 1981 ( 2 ) . THE 1980 FIGURES SHOULD ALSO INCLUDE A FURTHER 36 MILLION TONNES OF LIGNITE AND PEAT CONSUMPTION , WHICH CAN BE EXPECTED TO TOP 43 MILLION TONNES ( 2 ) IN 1981 WHEN GREECE IS ADDED . THIS WOULD GIVE A TOTAL SOLID FUEL CONSUMPTION OF 181 MILLION TONNES FOR 1980 AND 191 MILLION TONNES FOR 1981 .

IN 1980 THE NINE'S PUBLIC POWER STATIONS BOUGHT 169 MILLION TONNES ( T = T ) OF HARD COAL , 15 MILLION TONNES UP ON 1979 AND 24 MILLION TONNES UP ON 1978 . HOWEVER , THESE INCREASES WERE NOT SHARED EQUALLY BETWEEN COMMUNITY PRODUCTION AND IMPORTS FROM NON-MEMBER COUNTRIES - THE FORMER ACCOUNTED FOR EIGHT MILLION TONNES , OR 7 % , OVER THE TWO YEARS , WHILE THE LATTER ROSE BY 16 MILLION TONNES , OR 40 % , OVER THE SAME PERIOD . IN 1980 IMPORTS WILL ACCOUNT FOR 40 MILLION TONNES OR ALMOST ONE-QUARTER OF THE COMMUNITY'S TOTAL SUPPLY . SALES OF COMMUNITY COAL TO OTHER COMMUNITY COUNTRIES HAVE LEVELLED OUT AT JUST UNDER SIX MILLION TONNES AND ARE THEREFORE DECLINING IN RELATIVE TERMS . TOTAL COAL PURCHASES OF 173 MILLION TONNES CAN BE EXPECTED IN 1981 .

BETWEEN 1978 AND 1980 DEMAND FOR COAL BY PUBLIC POWER STATIONS ROSE MUCH MORE SHARPLY IN NON-PRODUCING COUNTRIES ( BY 184 % IN ITALY , 83 % IN DENMARK AND 47 % IN THE NETHERLANDS ) THAN IN COALPRODUCING COUNTRIES , WHERE INCREASES RANGED FROM 10 TO 20 % .

THE CHANGES IN 1981 ARE LIKELY TO BE MORE VARIED : A SLIGHT DROP IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND GERMANY , STABILITY IN FRANCE , EASING-OFF IN DENMARK AND ITALY , AND A MORE MARKED INCREASE IN BELGIUM AND THE NETHERLANDS OWING TO CONVERSIONS .

3 . OTHER INDUSTRIES

( TABLES 3 AND 9 )

IN 1981 HARD-COAL CONSUMPTION BY THIS SECTOR COULD RETURN TO THE 1979 LEVEL OF 14 MILLION TONNES FOLLOWING THE DROP TO 13 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 . COKE CONSUMPTION IS PICKING UP SLIGHTLY AND SHOULD REACH 4,4 MILLION TONNES IN 1981 . THESE FIGURES EXCLUDE PRIVATE ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY INDUSTRY , WHICH WAS INCLUDED IN SECTION 2 ABOVE .

THE FIGURES FOR THE INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES SHOW THAT COAL CONSUMPTION BY THE UNITED KINGDOM WILL HAVE FALLEN BY OVER ONE MILLION TONNES BETWEEN 1979 AND 1981 ; THIS CAN CERTAINLY BE PUT DOWN TO THE GENERAL ECONOMIC SITUATION . CONSUMPTION BY UNITED KINGDOM INDUSTRY WILL STAND AT 5,6 MILLION TONNES IN 1981 . IN FRANCE THE TREND IS IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION , AND THERE HAS BEEN AN INCREASE OF 1,6 MILLION TONNES IN THE LAST TWO YEARS . CONSUMPTION OF 2,8 MILLION TONNES IS FORECAST FOR 1981 , SLIGHTLY HIGHER THAN THAT EXPECTED IN GERMANY ( 2,7 MILLION TONNES ) . BELGIUM IS ALSO ON A RISING TREND : TO 1,9 MILLION TONNES .

COKE CONSUMPTION IN THE FOUR MAIN PRODUCERS AND CONSUMERS ( FRANCE , GERMANY , UNITED KINGDOM AND ITALY ) IS VIRTUALLY STATIC .

THERE IS NO EVIDENCE IN THE FIGURES OF ANY SHIFT FROM OIL TO COAL BY INDUSTRIAL INSTALLATIONS . ALTHOUGH THE RELATIVE PRICES OF THESE FUELS WOULD SEEM TO DICTATE SUCH A CHANGE IT HAS NOT SPREAD MUCH BEYOND THE CEMENT AND FIRED-CLAY INDUSTRIES SO FAR .

4 . DOMESTIC SECTOR

( TABLES 10 A AND 10 B )

DOMESTIC AND ASSOCIATED COAL CONSUMPTION IS STILL FALLING BY ROUGHLY 1,5 MILLION TONNES PER YEAR THROUGHOUT THE COMMUNITY . IN 1980 THE DOMESTIC SECTOR USED A TOTAL OF 27 MILLION TONNES OF HARD COAL , PATENT FUEL AND COKES AS AGAINST 30 MILLION TONNES IN 1979 . IT SHOULD NOT BE FORGOTTEN THAT APPROXIMATELY FIVE MILLION TONNES OF FUELS OF LOWER CALORIFIC VALUE , I.E . BROWN COAL BRIQUETTES AND PEAT , WERE ALSO BURNT AND THAT CONSUMPTION OF THESE FUELS SHOWS NO SIGN OF WEAKENING . AT THE END OF 1980 THE COMMISSION APPROVED ARRANGEMENTS FOR IMPORTING 0,3 MILLION TONNES OF ANTHRACITE IN ORDER TO HELP OVERCOME THE SUPPLY DIFFICULTIES FACED BY BRITISH CONSUMERS WHILE NEW PRODUCTION UNITS WERE BEING CONSTRUCTED IN WALES .

IN 1981 A CLOSE WATCH SHOULD BE KEPT ON THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS THAT THE CUTS IN THE HOUSE-COAL SUPPLY FROM POLAND AND THE SOVIET UNION MIGHT HAVE IN A NUMBER OF MEMBER STATES .

IV . COMMUNITY COAL PRODUCTION

1 . PRODUCTION STATISTICS

( A ) QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF OUTPUT ( TABLES 11 AND 12 )

COMMUNITY COAL PRODUCTION REACHED 247 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 AFTER REMAINING AT A LEVEL OF AROUND 239 MILLION TONNES FOR THE PREVIOUS THREE YEARS . THE EIGHT-MILLION TONNE INCREASE FROM 1979 IS DUE MAINLY TO IMPROVED OUTPUT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM .

FOR 1981 A FALL IN OUTPUT OF 0,7 MILLION TONNES WILL OCCUR IN FRANCE , CORRESPONDING TO AN ANNUAL RATE OF 4 % . PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM WILL PROBABLY COME BACK TO 125 MILLION TONNES .

PRODUCTION WILL REMAIN VIRTUALLY UNCHANGED IN BELGIUM AND THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY . THE LEVEL OF OUTPUT IN THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE WILL HENCE AGAIN EXCEED 242 MILLION TONNES .

( B ) MANPOWER AND PRODUCTIVITY ( TABLES 13 AND 14 )

OVER THE THREE-YEAR PERIOD 1970-81 , UNDERGROUND MANNING LEVELS FOR THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE WERE AROUND 353 000 . MANPOWER TRENDS - LIKE THOSE IN PRODUCTION - VARY FROM ONE PRODUCER COUNTRY TO ANOTHER ; IN BELGIUM AND FRANCE MANNING LEVELS ARE FALLING , BUT THEY ARE RISING IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY AND THE UNITED KINGDOM .

OWING TO HEAVY INVESTMENT IN RATIONALIZATION THERE WAS AN IMPROVEMENT IN PRODUCTIVITY ( EXPRESSED IN KG/MAN-HOUR ) IN 1980 COMPARED WITH 1979 IN THE THREE COMMUNITY PRODUCER COUNTRIES , WHERE IT IS STILL COMPARATIVELY LOW . CONTINUING INVESTMENT CAN BE EXPECTED TO LEAD TO GREATER PRODUCTIVITY IN 1981 .

2 . FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENTS

( A ) COSTS AND PROCEEDS ( TABLE 15 )

THE INCREASE IN COSTS IN 1980 WAS DUE MAINLY TO A GENERAL RISE IN THE PRICE OF MINING EQUIPMENT AND TO THE FACT THAT WAGE INCREASES OUTSTRIPPED IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCTIVITY . IN SOME COUNTRIES COSTS ROSE FASTER THAN THE GENERAL RATE OF INFLATION .

THE RATE OF INCREASE IN COSTS IS EXPECTED TO BE SLIGHTLY LOWER IN 1981 .

PROCEEDS FAILED TO KEEP PACE WITH COSTS IN 1979 OWING TO THE EFFECT OF KEEN PRICE COMPETITION FROM IMPORTED COAL ( AND NO LONGER FROM LIQUID FUELS ) . THIS TREND FOR COSTS AND PROCEEDS TO DIVERGE CAUSED A HEAVY SLUMP IN RESULTS IN 1979 COMPARED WITH 1978 .

IN 1980 , PROCEEDS GENERALLY ROSE FASTER THAN COSTS , THUS PREVENTING A FURTHER DROP IN RESULTS . OPERATING LOSSES LEVELLED OFF AS COMPARED WITH 1979 .

THIS SITUATION IS NOT LIKELY TO CHANGE SIGNIFICANTLY THIS YEAR .

( B ) FINANCIAL INTERVENTION BY MEMBER STATES ( TABLE 16 )

IN RECENT YEARS , ALL COAL PRODUCERS IN THE COMMUNITY HAVE REQUIRED INCREASING GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES BUT THE AMOUNT OF AID PER TONNE VARIES GREATLY BETWEEN MEMBER STATES . TABLE 16 SHOWS THAT THE SUBSIDIES NEEDED BY THE BELGIAN COAL INDUSTRY ARE BY FAR THE GREATEST , WHILE THOSE FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM ARE COMPARATIVELY SMALL . IT SHOULD BE BORNE IN MIND THAT THE LEVELS OF SUBSIDIES ARE DETERMINED NOT ONLY BY PRODUCTION COSTS BUT ALSO BY THE EXTENT TO WHICH COMMUNITY COAL MUST BE SOLD AT PRICES ALIGNED ON THE WORLD MARKET OR , ALTERNATIVELY , BENEFITS FROM A PROTECTED INTERNAL MARKET .

THE STEEP RISE OVER THE YEARS IN THE SUBSIDIES GRANTED PER TONNE PRODUCED WAS HALTED IN 1980 WHEN THE LEVEL OF SUBSIDIES WAS HIGH BUT STABLE .

FOR THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE , THE TOTAL SUBSIDIES AWARDED FOR CURRENT PRODUCTION IN 1980 UNDER DECISIONS 73/287/ECSC AND 528/76/ECSC AMOUNTED TO 2 146 MILLION EUA .

3 . DEVELOPMENTS IN PRODUCTION CAPACITY

( A ) INVESTMENT IN COAL MINING AND PREPARATION ( TABLE 17 )

IN 1980 , INVESTMENT IN THE COAL INDUSTRY REACHED A RECORD LEVEL , WITH COMPANIES UNDERTAKING LARGE-SCALE RATIONALIZATION PROGRAMMES ( IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY ) AND DEVELOPING NEW PRODUCTION CAPACITY E.G . IN THE SELBY COALFIELD IN THE UNITED KINGDOM . IF PRICE INCREASES RELATING TO CAPITAL GOODS ARE EXCLUDED , THERE WAS AN INCREASE IN INVESTMENT IN THE COAL INDUSTRY IN REAL TERMS IN 1980 .

THIS TREND WILL CONTINUE IN 1981 . THE AMOUNTS SHOWN IN TABLE 17 , WHICH ARE LOWER THAN THOSE FOR 1980 , RELATE ONLY TO INVESTMENT ALREADY UNDERTAKEN OR APPROVED . IF PLANNED INVESTMENT WHICH MAY BE MADE IN 1981 IS INCLUDED , THE NOMINAL VOLUME OF INVESTMENT IN 1981 MAY BE AS HIGH AS 1 500 MILLION FOR THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE .

( B ) PIT CLOSURES ( TABLE 18 )

ELEVEN PITS WERE CLOSED IN 1980 , ONE MORE THAN IN 1979 , AND LOSS OF PRODUCTION CAPACITY FELL ACCORDINGLY FROM 2,5 MILLION TONNES TO 2,1 MILLION TONNES . FIVE PIT CLOSURES ARE SCHEDULED FOR 1981 , BRINGING A FURTHER 1,7 MILLION TONNES LOSS IN PRODUCTION CAPACITY ; NO FORECASTS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM .

V . COAL PRICES

IN VIEW OF THE IMPORTANCE OF FLUCTUATING RATES OF EXCHANGE , THE FOLLOWING LIST SHOWING THE MOVEMENTS OF THE US DOLLAR IN RELATION TO THE COMMUNITY CURRENCIES WILL BE HELPFUL :

1 US DOLLAR = *BFRS*DKR*DM*FF*LIT*FL*POUND*

3 JANUARY 1980*27,77*5,328*1,7055*4,005*799,40*1,888*0,4456*

1 APRIL 1980*31,69*6,138*1,9788*4,558*911,95*2,161*0,4682*

5 JANUARY 1981*31,43*6,005*1,9517*4,521*928,50*2,121*0,416*

1 . LIST PRICE DEVELOPMENTS

( TABLES 19 A AND 19 B )

TABLE 19 A SHOWS THE LISTED PITHEAD PRICES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COAL FOR COALFIELDS ON THE CONTINENT AND A NUMBER IN BRITAIN IN NATIONAL CURRENCIES , WHILE TABLE 19 B GIVES THE FIGURES IN US DOLLARS .

IN 1980 , LIST PRICES FOR COMMUNITY COAL CONTINUED TO RISE AT MUCH THE SAME RATE AS IN 1979 ; THE INCREASES RANGED FROM 4 % TO 50 % . THE PRICE RISES TOOK THE FOLLOWING FORM IN THE MEMBER STATES :

- BELGIUM :

TWO INCREASES - ONE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR AND ONE IN MID-YEAR - RANGING IN TOTAL FROM 8 % TO 19 % , AND A 1 % INCREASE ON 1 JANUARY 1981 .

- GERMANY :

AN INCREASE OF 4 % TO 12 % IN DOMESTIC COAL PRICES ON 1 JANUARY 1980 , FOLLOWED BY AN ACROSS-THE-BOARD INCREASE OF 5 % TO 18 % ON 1 MARCH 1980 AND ANOTHER 6 % TO 14 % INCREASE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE YEAR . IN ALL , THIS RESULTED IN A 4 % TO 27 % INCREASE FOR THE WHOLE YEAR .

- FRANCE :

TWO PRICE RISES , ON 1 JANUARY 1980 AND 1 APRIL 1980 , TOTALLING 6 % TO 26 % .

- UNITED KINGDOM :

A 10 % INCREASE IN THE PRICE OF INDUSTRIAL COKE ON 1 JANUARY 1980 AND A FURTHER 15 % TO 20 % ON INDUSTRIAL COAL AND 9 % TO 27 % ON DOMESTIC COAL ON 1 MARCH . COUPLED WITH THE PRICE RISES WHICH CAME INTO EFFECT ON 1 TO 12 JANUARY 1981 , THIS GIVES A TOTAL INCREASE FOR THE YEAR OF 18 % TO 37 % FOR INDUSTRIAL COAL AND 13 % TO 50 % FOR DOMESTIC COAL .

- ITALY :

COKE PRICES WERE RAISED BY 11 % TO 15 % IN 1980 .

THESE INCREASES SHOULD BE SET AGAINST THE HIGHER AVERAGE REVENUE IN THE PRODUCING COUNTRIES ( SEE TABLE 15 ) .

2 . COKING COAL

( TABLE 19 )

TABLE 19 SHOWS THE MOVEMENTS SINCE 1970 IN THE " INDICATIVE PRICE " CALCULATED BY THE COMMISSION ON THE BASIS OF THE AVERAGE PRICES , CIF ARA OF COKING COAL IMPORTED FROM THE UNITED STATES AND AUSTRALIA . THE INDICATIVE PRICE ROSE FROM US DOLLARS 66,30 IN OCTOBER 1979 TO NOT FAR SHORT OF US DOLLARS 70 IN OCTOBER 1980 , I.E . BY 5,5 % .

NATURALLY , WHEN THESE PRICES ARE CONVERTED INTO COMMUNITY CURRENCIES THE PICTURE DIFFERS DEPENDING ON THE MOVEMENT OF THE CURRENCIES AGAINST THE DOLLAR . THUS IN GERMANY THERE APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN A 10 % INCREASE FROM DM 115 TO DM 127 PER TONNE , WHILE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM THERE WAS A 3 % REDUCTION FROM POUND 30 PER TONNE TO POUND 29 . BY THE SAME TOKEN THE COMMUNITY LIST PRICES FOR COKING COAL IN THESE COUNTRIES STAND AT APPROXIMATELY DM 220 AND POUND 52 RESPECTIVELY .

LOADING AND UNLOADING DELAYS IN CERTAIN PORTS ADDED A FURTHER US DOLLARS 0,25 TO US DOLLARS 3,85 PER TONNE TO FREIGHT CHARGES FOR IMPORTS OVER THE PERIOD FROM 1 JANUARY TO 30 SEPTEMBER 1980 . WHAT IS MORE , THE INDEXATION OF BUNKER FUEL PUT A FURTHER US DOLLARS 0,15 TO US DOLLARS 1,25 ON EACH TONNE OF IMPORTED COAL . THESE EXTRA COSTS SEEMED TO BE ON THE INCREASE IN THE LAST QUARTER OF 1980 AND COULD RISE FURTHER IN 1981 .

3 . STEAM COAL

THE AVERAGE PRICE IN US DOLLARS ( E.I.F . ABA ) FOR STEAM COAL IMPORTED FROM VARIOUS COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN HAS INCREASED FROM 49 US DOLLARS PER TONNE AT THE END OF 1979 TO 70 US DOLLARS AT THE END OF 1980 .

THE FIRST PRICES FOR COMMUNITY STEAM COAL WERE BETWEEN 71 AND 99 US DOLLARS AT THE END OF 1979 AND BETWEEN 109 AND 125 AT THE BEGINNING OF 1981 ( 3 ) .

4 . OUTLOOK FOR 1981

IN COMMON WITH OTHER ENERGY PRICES , COAL PRICES WILL CONTINUE THEIR UPWARD MOVEMENT BOTH INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE COMMUNITY . FURTHER NARROWING OF THE GAP BETWEEN COKING COAL PRICES AND STEAM COAL PRICES CAN BE EXPECTED .

VI . COKE

1 . DEVELOPMENTS IN COKING CAPACITY

( TABLE 21 )

IN 1980 THE COMMUNITY HAD A COKE OVER PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF AROUND 81 MILLION TONNES , WITH THE AVERAGE RATE OF UTILIZATION EXPECTED TO BE NEARLY 84 % - A POINT HIGHER THAN IN 1979 WHEN THE INDUSTRY HAD ONE MILLION TONNES MORE PRODUCTION CAPACITY . A SIMILAR REDUCTION IN CAPACITY IS EXPECTED IN 1981 . THE CUTS WILL BE MADE MAINLY IN THE UNITED KINGDOM , WHERE 1,3 MILLION TONNES WILL BE LOST , AND THE NETHERLANDS , WHERE REPAIR WORK WILL TAKE OUT 0,5 MILLION TONNES .

STEEL INDUSTRY COKE OVENS ACCOUNT FOR 53 % OF THE TOTAL AND GENERALLY HAVE A HIGHER AVERAGE RATE OF UTILIZATION THAN PITHEAD AND INDEPENDENT COKING PLANTS .

SOME 45 % OF CAPACITY IS 25 YEARS OLD OR OLDER , 36 % LESS THAN 10 YEARS OLD AND 13 % WAS BUILT OR MODERNIZED WITHIN THE LAST FIVE YEARS .

THE AGE DISTRIBUTION VARIES FROM REGION TO REGION ; IN SCOTLAND AND THE NORTH OF ENGLAND THE REPLACEMENT OF OBSOLESCENT STEEL INDUSTRY COKE OVENS MEANS THAT HALF OF THE CAPACITY IS NOW LESS THAN TEN YEARS OLD . THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF THE PLANTS IS ALSO A FACTOR - SOME 59 % OF ALL THE STEEL INDUSTRY'S COASTAL COKING CAPACITY IS LESS THAN 10 YEARS OLD , WHEREAS 63 % OF ITS INLAND COKE OVENS ARE OVER 25 YEARS OLD . WITH REFERENCE TO OWNERSHIP ; 61 % OF ALL COAL-INDUSTRY AND INDEPENDENTLY OWNED COKE OVENS ARE OVER 25 YEARS OLD .

ALTHOUGH THE AGE OF COKING PLANTS IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR , OTHERS - SUCH AS THE FUTURE LEVEL AND LOCATION OF DEMAND FROM A FOR-COKE RESTRUCTURED STEEL INDUSTRY - MUST ALSO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT FOR ADJUSTING COKING CAPACITY IN THE NEXT FEW YEARS .

2 . COKE PRODUCTION AND COAL SUPPLIES TO COKING PLANTS

( TABLES 22 AND 23 )

OVER 66 MILLION TONNES OF COKE WERE PRODUCED IN THE COMMUNITY IN 1980 . THE 0,5 MILLION TONNE REDUCTION SINCE 1979 WAS DUE TO A COMBINATION OF A SHARP FALL IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ( 2,4 MILLION TONNES , OR 19 % AS A RESULT OF THE STEEL STRIKE IN THE EARLY PART OF THE YEAR ) AND AN UPTURN IN THE OTHER MEMBER STATES . IN 1981 PRODUCTION IS LIKELY TO BE SLIGHTLY LOWER THAN THE 1980 LEVEL , WITH MINOR VARIATIONS FROM ONE COUNTRY TO ANOTHER .

SUPPLIES OF COMMUNITY COAL TO COKING PLANTS TOTALLED 86 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 , TWO MILLION TONNES LESS THAN IN 1979 ; INDIGENOUS SUPPLIES FELL BY THREE MILLION TONNES , INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE BY ONE MILLION TONNES . ON THE OTHER HAND , SUPPLIES FROM OUTSIDE THE COMMUNITY ROSE BY TWO MILLION TONNES TO A TOTAL OF 24 MILLION TONNES , 28 % OF ALL COKING COAL DELIVERED .

THIS TREND WAS PARTICULARY MARKED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM WHERE NON-MEMBER COUNTRIES TOOK THEIR SHARE OF THE MARKET FROM 12 % TO 28 % BETWEEN 1979 AND 1980 .

TRADE IN COKE DID NOTHING TO MAKE UP FOR THIS SITUATION : HERE , TOO , INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE DROPPED BY ONE MILLION TONNES .

THE DOWNWARD TREND COULD BE REVERSED IN 1981 IF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES CUT THEIR EXPORTS OF COKING COAL TO THE COMMUNITY .

VII . TRADE IN COAL AND COKE

1 . INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE

( TABLES 24 AND 25 )

BETWEEN 1979 AND 1981 INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE IN COAL WILL HAVE DROPPED FROM 17 MILLION TO 15 MILLION TONNES , WHILE COKE SALES WILL HAVE CONTRACTED FROM SEVEN MILLION TO SIX MILLION TONNES . INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE COVERS APPROXIMATELY 8 % OF THE COMMUNITY'S COAL REQUIREMENTS .

THE UPSWING IN COKE SALES IN THE FIRST HALF OF 1980 WAS ALMOST ENTIRELY CANCELLED OUT BY THE CRISIS WHICH HIT THE STEEL INDUSTRY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE YEAR . THE REDUCTIONS MENTIONED ABOVE WERE CHIEFLY DUE TO FALLING EXPORTS FROM THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY ( TRADITIONALLY THE PRINCIPAL SUPPLIER ) ; OVER THE LAST TWO YEARS THEY HAVE FALLEN BY THREE MILLION TONNES ( COAL ) AND ONE MILLION TONNES ( COKE ) . ON THE OTHER HAND , THERE HAS BEEN A 1,5 MILLION TONNES INCREASE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM'S COAL DELIVERIES TO THE OTHER MEMBER STATES .

THESE CHANGES IN TRADE DID NOT AFFECT ALL MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY IN THE SAME WAY . THE REDUCTION IN GERMAN EXPORTS TO FRANCE WAS THE MOST MARKED : 2,4 MILLION TONNES LESS COAL AND 0,5 MILLION TONNES LESS COKE ; SUPPLIES TO LUXEMBOURG AND THE NETHERLANDS WERE NOT AFFECTED . THE LION'S SHARE OF THE INCREASED COAL EXPORTS FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM WENT TO DENMARK , WHERE IMPORTS FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM WILL HAVE RISEN FROM 0,2 MILLION TONNES IN 1979 TO ONE MILLION TONNES AT THE END OF 1981 .

AS REGARDS SELLING PRICE , IT IS NO SECRET THAT INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE DOES NOT ALWAYS COVER THE PRODUCER'S COSTS , PARTICULARLY WITH STEAM COAL , WHICH HAS TO COMPETE AGAINST IMPORTS FROM NON-MEMBER COUNTRIES WHICH ARE CHEAPER WITHOUT SUBSIDIES . THEREFORE ANY REVIVAL OF DEMAND IN THE PRODUCING COUNTRIES , PROVIDED IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY REMUNERATIVE PRICES , SHOULD NORMALLY RESULT IN A DROP IN EXPORTS , WITH THEIR HIGHER FREIGHT COSTS .

ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE COIN , THE FLEXIBILITY OF COMMUNITY PRODUCTION COULD PROVE VITAL SHOULD OTHER SUPPLIES FAIL .

2 . TRADE WITH THIRD COUNTRIES

( A ) IMPORTS ( TABLES 26 AND 27 )

ANOTHER JUMP IN COAL IMPORTS FROM THIRD COUNTRIES WAS SEEN IN 1980 ; THEY WERE 14,5 MILLION TONNES HIGHER THAN IN 1979 , FOLLOWING A 14 MILLION TONNES ( 31 % ) INCREASE BETWEEN 1978 AND 1979 . IMPORTS HAVE DOUBLED FROM 37 MILLION TONNES IN 1974 TO 74 MILLION TONNES IN 1980 . ALTHOUGH THE 1981 FORECASTS SUGGEST THAT THE TREND WILL LEVEL OUT SLIGHTLY IN 1981 , WHEN THERE WILL PROBABLY BE A 3,4 MILLION TONNES ( 5 % ) INCREASE OVER 1980 , THE INCREASE IS NONETHELESS SPECTACULAR . THE BULK OF THE INCREASE WILL BE ACCOUNTED FOR BY STEAM COAL FOR USE IN THE COMMUNITY'S POWER STATIONS . IMPORTS OF COKING COAL ARE EXPECTED TO FALL SLIGHTLY IN 1981 AFTER PEAKING IN 1980 .

IMPORT TRENDS VARY FROM YEAR TO YEAR AND FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY . THE 1980 INCREASES WERE GREATEST IN FRANCE , THE UNITED KINGDOM AND ITALY . FRENCH AND UNITED KINGDOM IMPORTS ARE EXPECTED TO FALL SLIGHTLY IN 1981 , WITH GERMANY TAKING OVER FOLLOWING THE QUOTE INCREASE .

AS FOR THE PRODUCING COUNTRIES , THE UNITED STATES AND SOUTH AFRICA SHARED THE INCREASE REGISTERED BETWEEN 1979 AND 1980 ; THE FORMER INCREASED ITS SHARE BY 13 MILLION TONNES AND THE LATTER BY 3,3 MILLION TONNES .

IN 1981 THE US WILL CONSOLIDATE ITS POSITION AS THE COMMUNITY'S PRINCIPAL SUPPLIER . ONLY THE US CAN MEET THE DEMAND FOR A FURTHER FOUR MILLION TONNES , SINCE FORECASTS SUGGEST THAT IMPORTS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES ARE NOW LEVELLING OFF .

THE FORECASTS FOR 1981 MUST BE REVIEWED VERY SOON TO TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE SHORTFALL IN COAL IMPORTS FROM POLAND AND THE SOVIET UNION IN THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 1980 AND , PROBABLY , PART OF 1981 .

ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN MADE TO MAKE UP FOR THE LOST SUPPLIES BY TURNING TO OTHER COUNTRIES OUTSIDE THE COMMUNITY , BUT THESE EFFORTS COULD WELL COME UP AGAINST OTHER CONSTRAINTS OR BOTTLENECKS , PERHAPS IN THE FORM OF TRANSPORT PROBLEMS . REPLACEMENT COMMUNITY SUPPLIES ARE ALSO A POSSIBILITY , THOUGH IT IS NOT YET POSSIBLE TO PUT FIGURES TO THE VARIOUS SCENARIOS WHICH MIGHT EMERGE .

THIS IS ALSO THE PLACE TO MENTION THE PROBLEMS WHICH AROSE IN CONNECTION WITH COAL PRODUCTION AND HANDLING AT THE PORTS IN AUSTRALIA IN AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER 1980 . THE COMMUNITY'S SUPPLY OF COKING COAL WAS TEMPORARILY INTERRUPTED AND ITS SUPPLY OF STEAM COAL WAS REDUCED . THE LONG DELAYS IN LOADING AT UNITED STATES EAST COAST PORTS ALSO ADD TO THE BILL , AND THERE IS NO PROSPECT OF ANY APPRECIABLE IMPROVEMENT IN 1981 .

( B ) EXPORTS ( TABLE 27 B )

THE COMMUNITY EXPORTED SIX MILLION TONNES OF COAL AND COKE IN 1980 , COMPARED WITH 10 MILLION TONNES IN 1979 . MOST OF THE EXPORTS WENT TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY'S NEIGHBOURS , THE SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES AND PORTUGAL . COKE ACCOUNTED FOR SOME 80 % OF THE TOTAL . ONCE GERMAN PRODUCERS HAD DRASTICALLY REDUCED THEIR STOCKS THEY PUT AN END TO THE LEAST PROFITABLE BRANCHES OF THEIR EXPORT TRADE . THE OUTLET OFFERED BY THE AMERICAN STEEL INDUSTRY IN THE PAST HAS NOW DISAPPEARED .

VIII . COAL AND COKE STOCKS

IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT TABLE 28 GIVING PROVISIONAL END-OF-YEAR FIGURES OF PRODUCERS' COAL AND COKE STOCKS IS NOT STRICTLY COMPARABLE WITH TABLES 29 , 30 A AND 30 B GIVING STOCKS AT POWER STATIONS AND COLLIERY STOCKS BROKEN DOWN BY TYPE , TREATMENT AND AREAS AT THE END OF SEPTEMBER 1980 , THE LATEST AVAILABLE AT THE TIME OF GOING TO PRESS .

1 . PRODUCERS' COAL AND COKE STOCKS

STOCKS TOTALLED 39 MILLION TONNES ( COKE BEING RECKONED AT ITS COAL EQUIVALENT ) AT THE END OF 1979 . THEY CAN BE EXPECTED TO RISE TO 50 MILLION TONNES BY THE END OF 1980 AND NEARLY 58 MILLION TONNES BY THE END OF 1981 . IN ABSOLUTE TERMS , STOCKS WILL EQUAL , EVEN SURPASS , THE RECORD LEVELS OF 1959 , 1967 AND 1978 . IN RELATIVE TERMS , THEY ACCOUNT FOR A LARGER PROPORTION OF CURRENT PRODUCTION ( ABOUT THREE MONTH'S COAL PRODUCTION BY THE END OF 1981 ) .

THE BUILD-UP OF STOCKS CAN TO A LARGE EXTENT BE PUT DOWN TO THE FACT THAT 10 MILLION TONNES OF COAL WERE ADDED BETWEEN THE END OF 1979 AND THE END OF 1980 AND A FURTHER FIVE MILLION TONNES ARE EXPECTED IN 1981 . COKE STOCKS HAVE BEEN INCREASING BY ROUGHLY THREE MILLION TONNES IN TWO YEARS .

THE TREND TOWARDS STOCKPILING OF COAL WAS MOST EVIDENT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM WITH A SEVEN MILLION TONNE , ( 70 % ) INCREASE IN 1980 AND A FURTHER FIVE MILLION EXPECTED IN 1981 .

GERMANY'S COKE STOCKS WERE LOW AT THE END OF 1980 , THOUGH THEY ARE EXPECTED TO RISE BY 1,7 MILLION TONNES IN 1981 . STOCKS WERE ALSO UP BY ONE MILLION TONNES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM IN 1980 BUT SHOULD NOW REMAIN AT THAT LEVEL .

THESE FIGURES INCLUDE THE GERMAN NATIONAL RESERVE STOCKPILE : OVER SEVEN MILLION TONNES OF COAL AND ALMOST THREE MILLION TONNES OF COKE , A TOTAL OF 11 MILLION TONNES OF COAL EQUIVALENT . THE PRODUCERS HAVE TO MEET ONLY THE MINIMAL OWNING COSTS .

THE GROWTH IN UNITED KINGDOM PRODUCERS' STOCKS , ON THE OTHER HAND , IS A DIRECT RESULT OF A DECLINE IN SALES TO THE STEEL INDUSTRY , GENERAL INDUSTRY AND POWER STATIONS AND ENTAILS FINANCING CHARGES . UNLESS SALES PICK UP CORRECTIVE MEASURES MIGHT BE CONTEMPLATED .

2 . COAL STOCKS AT POWER STATIONS

ON 30 SEPTEMBER 1980 POWER STATIONS HAD EIGHT MILLION TONNES ( 26 % ) MORE COAL IN STOCK THAN AT THE SAME TIME IN 1979 . THIS MEANT THAT STOCKS HAD EXPANDED TWICE AS FAST AS CONSUMPTION . IN ALL , THE TOTAL STOCKS OF 41 MILLION TONNES WERE EQUIVALENT TO ALMOST THREE AND A HALF MONTHS' CONSUMPTION . THE FIGURES VARIED FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY AND RANGED FROM ONE MONTH'S AVERAGE CONSUMPTION IN ITALY TO SIX MONTHS' SUPPLY IN DENMARK . THE SITUATION IS THEREFORE MUCH THE SAME AS LAST YEAR .

IT IS ALSO KNOWN THAT SOME OF THE COAL IN THE PRODUCERS' STOCKS ( SEE SECTION 1 ) IS EARMARKED FOR PITHEAD POWER STATIONS , NOTABLY IN FRANCE AND GERMANY .

3 . COAL AND COKE STOCKS AT COKING PLANTS

FIVE MILLION TONNES OF COAL WERE IN STOCK ON 30 SEPTEMBER 1980 . THIS REPRESENTS ONLY A MINIMAL INCREASE OVER THE PREVIOUS YEAR'S LEVEL .

COKE STOCKS , WHICH WENT FROM 19 MILLION TONNES AT THE END OF 1978 TO ONLY 10 MILLION TONNES AT THE END OF 1979 , HAD RISEN AGAIN BY THE END OF 1980 . ALTHOUGH IN 1980 THERE WAS A FURTHER FALL IN GERMANY ( FOUR HUNDRED THOUSAND TONNES ) , UNITED KINGDOM STOCKS GREW BY ONE MILLION TONNES ( 40 % ) .

( 1 ) OJ NO L 291 , 31 . 10 . 1980 , P . 1 .

( 2 ) 1 TONNE = 29,3 GJ .

( 3 ) PRICES ARE ON THE BASIS 1 TONNE = 29,3 GJ .

TABLE 1

SHARES OF THE VARIOUS FORMS OF PRIMARY ENERGY IN GROSS INTERNAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION ( 1 )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ( 2 ) ESTIMATES*1981 ( 3 ) FORECAST EUR 9*1981 ( 3 ) ( 4 ) FORECAST EUR 10*

*M TOE* % *M TOE* % *M TOE* % *M TOE* % *

HARD COAL*191,6*19,7*190,0*20,4*192,0*20,6*193,0*20,4*

LIGNITE*29,0*3,0*29,0*3,1*29,6*3,2*33,1*3,5*

OIL*525,0*54,1*485,0*52,0*472,0*50,8*483,9*51,1*

NATURAL GAS*172,4*17,8*170,0*18,3*170,0*18,3*170,0*18,0*

NUCLEAR ENERGY*37,2*3,8*42,8*4,6*51,9*5,6*51,9*5,5*

OTHER*15,1*1,6*15,1*1,6*14,1*1,5*14,4*1,5*

TOTAL*970,3*100,0*931,9*100,0*929,6*100,0*946,3*100,0*

( 1 ) FINAL ENERGY BALANCE ( ACCORDING TO EUROSTAT METHODOLOGY ) .

( 2 ) SOURCE : EUROSTAT .

( 3 ) SOURCE : COMMISSION SERVICES .

( 4 ) INCLUDING GREECE .

TABLE 2

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN REAL TERMS

( VARIATION COMPARED WITH PREVIOUS YEAR )

* ( % ) *

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 PROVISIONAL*1981 FORECAST*

BELGIUM*2,4*1,2* - 0,7*

DENMARK*3,5* - 0,9* - 0,1*

GERMANY*4,6*2,0* - 0,7*

FRANCE*3,2*1,8*0,5*

IRELAND*1,9*0,8*1,8*

ITALY*5,0*3,8* - 0,8*

LUXEMBOURG*3,6*0,4* - 1,0*

NETHERLANDS*2,2*0,2* - 0,6*

UNITED KINGDOM*1,3* - 2,0* - 2,0*

COMMUNITY*3,5*1,3* - 0,6*

SOURCE : SERVICES OF THE COMMISSION

TABLE 3

COMMUNITY COAL CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR AND BY MEMBER STATES

( MILLION TONNES T = T )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST* % 1980/79* % 1981/80*

A . SECTOR******

POWER STATIONS*176,3*181,8*185,8* + 3* + 2*

COKE OVENS*87,4*86,5*84,8* - 1* - 2*

IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY*1,9*1,9*1,9* - * + 1*

OTHER INDUSTRIES*14,1*13,1*14,1* - 7* + 7*

DOMESTIC HEATING*20,0*18,4*18,2* - 9* - 1*

PATENT FUEL PLANTS*5,0*4,6*4,4* - 9* - 4*

OWN CONSUMPTION AT MINES*1,9*1,8*1,7* - 8* - 6*

GASWORKS AND OTHERS*2,6*2,0*1,4* - 22* - 30*

STATISTICAL DIFFERENCE*1,2* - *0,1* - * - *

TOTAL*310,4*310,1*312,4 ( 1 )* - * + 1 ( 1 )*

B . STATE******

BELGIUM*17,2*16,8*18,1* - 1* + 8*

DENMARK*7,1*9,8*10,0* + 38* + 3*

GERMANY*86,8*89,4*92,9* + 3* + 4*

FRANCE*48,5*45,6*46,5* - 6* + 2*

GREECE* - * - *0,4* - * -

IRELAND*1,2*1,3*1,3* + 9* - *

ITALY*14,6*16,6*15,9* + 13* - 4*

LUXEMBOURG*0,3*0,3*0,3* - * - *

NETHERLANDS*4,8*5,9*6,2* + 22* + 5*

UNITED KINGDOM*129,7*123,4*120,8* - 5* - 2*

TOTAL*310,4*310,1*312,4 ( 1 )* - * + 1 ( 1 )*

( 1 ) INCLUDING GREECE ( ESTIMATES ) .

TABLE 4

STEEL AND PIG IRON PRODUCTION

( 1 000 TONNES )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 PROVISIONAL*1981 FORECAST ( 1)*1980/79 % *

A . STEEL***NOT AVAILABLE**

BELGIUM/LUXEMBOURG*18 392*16 934** - 8*

DENMARK*804*734** - 9*

GERMANY*46 040*43 839** - 5*

FRANCE*23 360*23 170** - 1*

GREECE* - * - ** - *

IRELAND*72*2** - *

ITALY*24 250*26 422** + 9*

NETHERLANDS*5 805*5 269** - 9*

UNITED KINGDOM*21 472*11 384** - 47*

COMMUNITY*140 195*127 754** - 9*

B . PIG IRON***NOT AVAILABLE**

BELGIUM/LUXEMBOURG*14 676*13 469** - 8*

GERMANY*35 167*33 876** - 4*

FRANCE*19 415*19 160** - 1*

GREECE* - * - ** - *

ITALY*11 398*12 212** + 7*

NETHERLANDS*4 813*4 360** - 9*

UNITED KINGDOM*13 030*6 540** - 50

COMMUNITY*98 499*89 617** - 9*

( 1 ) NOT AVAILABLE . THE FORECAST OF STEEL PRODUCTION FOR THE FIRST HALF YEAR , 1981 IS ABOUT 57 MILLION TONNES FOR THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE .

TABLE 5

COKE RATES OR SPECIFIC COKE INPUT IN BLAST FURNACES

* ( KG/TONNES ) *

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*

BELGIUM*536*545*545*

DENMARK* - * - * - *

GERMANY*498*515*515*

FRANCE*512*520*530*

GREECE*350*350*350*

IRELAND* - * - * - *

ITALY*458*455*460*

LUXEMBOURG*519*545*550*

NETHERLANDS*442*430*430*

UNITED KINGDOM*578*580*575*

COMMUNITY*509*514*517*

TABLE 6

CONSUMPTION OF COKE-OVEN COKE IN THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY

( 1 000 TONNES )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*1980/79 % *1981/80 % *

BELGIUM*6 749*6 320*5 740* - 6* - 9*

DENMARK*29*30*30* - * - *

GERMANY*19 990*19 550*18 620* - 2* - 5*

FRANCE*11 167*11 325*10 225* + 1* - 9*

GREECE* ( PM : 275 ) * ( PM : 225 ) *225* - * - *

IRELAND* - * - * - * - * - *

ITALY*6 011*6 820*6 290* + 13* - 8*

LUXEMBOURG*2 287*2 255*2 010* - 1* - 11*

NETHERLANDS*2 312*1 940*1 840* - 16* - 5*

UNITED KINGDOM*9 041*5 310*6 310* - 41* + 19*

COMMUNITY*57 586*53 550*51 290 ( 1 )* - 7* - 4*

USED IN : ******

BLAST FURNACES*50 111*46 695*44 760* - 7* - 4*

SINTERING*7 220*6 580*6 250* - 9* - 5*

OTHERS*255*275*280* + 8* - *

( 1 ) INCLUDING GREECE .

TABLE 7

COMMUNITY COKE CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR

( 1 000 TONNES )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*1980/79 % *1981/80 % *

IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY*57 586*53 550*51 290* - 7* - 4*

OTHER INDUSTRIES*4 061*4 293*4 368* + 6* + 2*

DOMESTIC HEATING*5 170*4 867*4 452* - 6* - 8*

OTHERS*1 250*1 140*1 160* - 9* + 2*

STATISTICAL DIFFERENCE* - 69* - * - * - * - *

TOTAL*67 998*63 850*61 270* - 6* - 4*

TABLE 8 A

GROSS ELECTRICITY GENERATION

BREAKDOWN BY ENERGY SOURCES

*PRODUCTION GENERAL TWH*BREAKDOWN IN % * % CHANGE*

*ACTUAL*ESTIMATES*FORECAST*ACTUAL*ESTIMATES*FORECAST**

*1979*1980*1981*1979*1980*19811980/79*1981/80*

BELGIUM*52,2*54,5*56,5*4,2*4,3*4,3* + 4,2* + 3,8*

DENMARK*22,2*24,8*25,7*1,8*2,0*1,9* + 11,7* + 3,6*

GERMANY*372,2*375,9*390,5*29,9*29,7*29,7* + 1,0* + 3,9*

FRANCE*241,4*256,2*275,0*19,4*20,2*20,9* + 6,1* + 7,3*

IRELAND*11,0*10,7*11,5*0,9*0,9*0,9* - 2,5* + 6,7*

ITALY*181,3*187,8*198,1*14,5*14,8*15,1* + 3,6* + 5,5*

LUXEMBOURG*1,3*1,3*1,3*0,1*0,1*0,1* - 5,4* + 3,8*

NETHERLANDS*64,5*64,7*66,5*5,2*5,1*5,1* + 0,4* + 2,8*

UNITED KINGDOM*300,0*289,3*289,0*24,0*22,9*22,0* - 3,6* - 0,1*

TOTAL*1 246,1*1 265,2*1 314,1*100*100*100* + 1,5* + 3,9*

HYDROELECTRIC TOTAL*124,3*144,7*137,9*11,4*11,4*10,5* + 1,7* - 4,7*

- NATURAL FLOW*135,6*137,6*129,6*10,9*10,9*9,9* + 1,5* - 5,8*

- PUMPED STORAGE*6,7*7,1*8,3*0,5*0,5*0,6* + 6,0* + 16,9*

GEOTHERMAL*2,5*2,6*2,8*0,2*0,2*0,2* + 4,0* + 7,7*

NUCLEAR*138,1*159,0*192,5*11,1*12,6*14,7* + 15,1* + 21,1*

CONVENTIONAL THERMAL TOTAL*963,2*958,9*980,9*77,3*75,8*74,6* - 0,4* + 2,3*

- COAL*408,7*430,9*439,6*32,8*34,1*33,4* + 5,4* + 2,0*

- LIGNITE AND PEAT*99,4*102,5*106,0*8,0*8,1*8,1* + 3,1* + 3,4*

- OIL PRODUCTS*291,9*272,3*280,6*23,4*21,5*21,3* - 6,7* + 3,0*

- NATURAL GAS*133,0*122,9*123,8*10,7*9,7*9,4* - 7,6* + 0,7*

- DERIVED GASES*23,0*23,0*23,2*1,8*1,8*1,8* - 0,2* + 0,7*

- OTHER FUELS*7,1*7,3*7,7*0,6*0,6*0,6* + 1,6* + 5,9*

TABLE 8 B

FUEL CONSUMPTION BY CONVENTIONAL POWER PLANTS AND COVERAGE OF REQUIREMENTS IN %

( IN PETAJOULES ( 10 15 ) LCV )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECASTS ( 1 )* % CHANGE*

*PJ* % *PJ* % *PJ* % *1980/79*1981/80*

BELGIUM*********

COAL*113,3*29*121,4*30*150,2*35* + 7* + 24*

LIGNITE* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *

OIL PRODUCTS*168,6*42*175,9*43*168,0*39* + 4* - 5*

NATURAL GAS*78,2*20*75,3*18*72,6*17* - 4* - 4*

OTHERS*36,5*9*36,4*9*36,6*9* - * - *

TOTAL*396,6*100*409,0*100*427,4*100* + 3* + 4*

DENMARK*********

COAL*151,6*65*203,0*79*212,2*80* + 34* + 4*

OIL PRODUCTS*80,0*35*52,4*21*52,3*20* - 35* - *

TOTAL*231,6100*255,4*100*264,5*100* + 10* + 4*

GERMANY*********

COAL*1 060,3*35*1 111,4*36*1 161,9*36* + 5* + 5*

LIGNITE*975,9*32*985,8*32*1 011,0*32* + 1* + 3*

OIL PRODUCTS*270,5*9*244,6*8*265,9*8* - 9* + 9*

NATURAL GAS*620,9*20*592,3*19*616,4*19* - 5* + 4*

OTHERS*138,3*4*135,6*5*142,8*5* - 2* + 5*

TOTAL*3 065,9*100*3 069,7*100*3 198,0*100* - * + 4*

FRANCE*********

COAL*570,5*46*562,5*48*580,5*49* - 1* + 3*

LIGNITE*32,4*3*30,4*2*33,6*3* - 7* + 11*

OIL PRODUCTS*494,8*40*458,5*39*440,0*37* - 7* - 4*

NATURAL GAS*73,5*6*56,4*5*61,4*5* - 23* + 9*

OTHERS*69,6*5*70,0*6*68,1*6* + 1* - 3*

TOTAL*1 240,8*100*1 177,8*100*1 183,6*100* - 5* + 1*

GREECE*NOT AVAILABLE*

TABLE 8 B ( CONTINUATION )

( IN PETAJOULES ( 10 15 ) LCV )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECASTS* % CHANGE*

*PJ* % *PJ* % *PJ* % *1980/79*1981/80*

IRELAND*********

COAL*1,0*1*1,1*1*1,1*1* + 10* - *

PEAT*26,0*25*22,6*22*24,9*22* - 13* + 10*

OIL PRODUCTS*68,7*66*63,5*62*57,1*52* - 8* - 10*

NATURAL GAS*7,9*8*15,1*15*27,2*25* + 91* + 80*

TOTAL*103,6*100*102,3*100*110,3*100* - 1* + 8*

ITALY*********

COAL*94,3*8*136,6*11*143,0*11* + 45* + 5*

LIGNITE*14,1*1*13,0*1*13,0*1* - 8* - *

OIL PRODUCTS*916,1*79*940,7*77*1 001,9*77* + 3* + 7*

NATURAL GAS*100,2*9*99,5*8*95,8*8* - 1* - 4*

OTHERS*38,6*3*40,0*3*40,5*3* + 4* + 1*

TOTAL*1 163,3*100*1 229,8*100*1 294,2*100* + 6* + 5*

LUXEMBOURG*********

COAL* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *

OIL PRODUCTS*1,8*14*1,7*14*1,9*15* - 6* + 12*

NATURAL GAS*4,8*37*4,5*36*4,7*36* - 6* + 4*

OTHERS*6,4*49*6,3*50*6,4*49* - 2* + 2*

TOTAL*13,0*100*12,5*100*13,0*100* - 4* + 4*

NETHERLANDS*********

COAL*31,0*6*64,3*11*91,4*16* + 107* + 42*

OIL PRODUCTS*199,5*36*222,3*40*242,1*42* + 11* + 9*

NATURAL GAS*296,1*53*243,0*43*211,5*37* - 18* - 13*

OTHERS*30,1*5*31,3*6*32,5*5* + 4* + 4*

TOTAL*556,7*100*560,9*100*577,5*100* + 1* + 3*

UNITED KINGDOM*********

COAL*2 063,9*78*2 049,3*83*1 979,1*83* - 1* - 3*

OIL PRODUCTS*512,7*20*358,9*15*357,7*15* - 30* - *

NATURAL GAS*32,7*1*33,6*1*34,8*1* + 3* + 4*

OTHERS*23,0*1*23,4*1*21,4*1* + 2* - 9*

TOTAL*2 632,3*100*2 465,2*100*2 393,0*100* - 6* - 3*

COMMUNITY*********

COAL*4 086,0*43*4 249,6*46*4 319,4*46* + 4* + 2*

PEAT/LIGNITE*1 048,5*11*1 051,7*11*1 082,5*11* - * + 3*

OIL PRODUCTS*2 712,9*29*2 518,6*27*2 586,9*27* - 7* + 3*

NATURAL GAS*1 214,3*13*1 119,8*12*1 124,4*12* - 8* - *

OTHERS*342,5*4*343,0*4*348,2*4* - * + 2*

TOTAL*9 404,2*100*9 282,7*100*9 461,4*100* - 1* + 2*

TABLE 8 C

CONSUMPTION OF SOLID FUELS IN POWER PLANTS

( INCLUDING AUTOPRODUCERS )

( MILLION TONNES )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*1980/79 % *1981/80 % *

BELGIUM******

COAL*5,1*5,6*7,0* + 10* + 24*

DENMARK******

COAL*6,1*8,9*9,3* + 46* + 4*

GERMANY*******

COAL*43,2*44,5*48,5* + 4* + 9*

BLACK LIGNITE*1,5*1,5*1,5* - * - *

LIGNITE*114,5*115,5*118,4* + 1* + 3*

FRANCE******

COAL*25,7*24,6*24,7* - 5* - *

BLACK LIGNITE*1,4*1,51,6* + 7* + 16*

LIGNITE*0,9*1,0*1,3* + 7* + 16*

GREECE******

LIGNITE* ( 20,8 PM ) * ( 21,0 PM ) *21,0* - * - *

IRELAND******

PEAT*2,7*2,4*2,6* - 13* + 10*

ITALY******

COAL*3,7*5,4*5,6* + 46* + 5*

LIGNITE*2,2*2,0*2,0* - 8* - *

NETHERLANDS******

COAL*1,2*2,2*3,2* + 89* + 45*

UNITED KINGDOM******

COAL*91,3*90,5*87,5* - 1* - 3*

COMMUNITY******

COAL*176,3*181,8*185,8* + 3* + 2*

BLACK LIGNITE*2,9*3,0*3,1* + 3* + 3*

PEAT AND LIGNITE*120,3*120,9*145,3 ( 1 )* - * + 20 ( 1 )*

( 1 ) INCLUDING GREECE .

TABLE 8 D

COAL SUPPLIES TO PUBLIC POWER PLANTS

( THIS TABLE DOES NOT INCLUDE COLLIERY POWER PLANTS OR AUTOPRODUCERS )

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*NATIONAL COAL*COAL FROM OTHER ECSC COUNTRIES*TOTAL ECSC COAL*COAL FROM THIRD COUNTRIES*TOTAL SUPPLIES*

BELGIUM 1978*3 372*304*3 676*704*4 380*

BELGIUM 1979*2 339*486*2 825*1 855*4 680*

BELGIUM 1980 ( 1)*2 200*450*2 650*2 600*5 250*

DENMARK 1978* - *1 080*1 080*4 286*5 366*

DENMARK 1979* - *740*740*5 599*6 339*

DENMARK 1980 ( 1 )* - *800*800*8 900*9 700*

GERMANY ( 2 ) 1978*27 494*630*28 124*4 599*32 723*

GERMANY ( 2 ) 1979*29 394*708*30 102*5 075*35 177*

GERMANY ( 2 ) 1980 ( 1)*30 550*1 300*31 850*5 250*37 100*

FRANCE 1978*3 143*3 178*6 321*10 290*16 611*

FRANCE 1979*2 852*2 664*5 516*11 545*17 061*

FRANCE 1980 ( 1)*2 500*2 550*5 050*13 050*18 100*

GREECE ( 3 ) 1978 *...*...*...*...*...*

GREECE ( 3 ) 1979 *...*...*...*...*...*

GREECE ( 3 ) 1980 ( 1 )*...*...*...*...*...*

ITALY 1978* - *46*46*1 927*1 973*

ITALY 1979* - * - * - *3 212*3 212*

ITALY 1980 ( 1 )* - *45*45*5 355*5 400*

NETHERLANDS 1978* - *387*387*1 119*1 506*

NETHERLANDS 1979* - *266*266*935*1 201*

NETHERLANDS 1980 ( 1 )* - *550*550*1 650*2 200*

UNITED KINGDOM 1978*80 964*54*81 018*697*81 715*

UNITED KINGDOM 1979*84 420*73*84 493*1 689*86 182*

UNITED KINGDOM 1980 ( 1)*87 425*75*87 500*3 500*91 000*

COMMUNITY 1978*114 973*5 679*120 652*23 622*144 274*

COMMUNITY 1979*119 005*4 937*123 942*29 910*153 852*

COMMUNITY 1980 ( 1)*122 675*5 770*128 445*40 305*168 750*

FIRST FORECAST FOR 1981******

BELGIUM*2 100*425*2 525*4 075*6 600*

DENMARK* - *1 000*1 000*9 300*10 300*

GERMANY*32 800*1 500*34 300*8 300*42 600*

FRANCE*2 000*2 000*4 000*13 100*17 100*

IRELAND*60* - *60* - *60*

ITALY* - *50*50*5 550*5 600*

NETHERLANDS* - *520*520*2 680*3 200*

UNITED KINGDOM*85 150*50*85 200*2 500*87 700

COMMUNITY*122 110*5 545*127 655*45 505*173 160*

( 1 ) ESTIMATES .

( 2 ) INCLUDING " BERGBAUVERBUNDKRAFTWERKE " .

( 3 ) NOT AVAILABLE .

TABLE 9

COAL AND COKE-OVEN COKE CONSUMPTION IN GENERAL INDUSTRY ( 1 )

( EXCLUDING POWER PLANTS )

( 1 000 TONNES )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*1980/79 % *1981/80 % *

BELGIUM*1 736*2 045*2 065* + 18* + 1*

DENMARK*813*845*745* + 4* - 12*

GERMANY*4 515*3 870*4 200* - 14* + 8,5*

FRANCE*2 486*2 750*3 850* + 10* + 40,0*

GREECE*...*...*30* - * - *

IRELAND*60*55*55* - 8* - *

ITALY*1 261*580*600* - 54* + 3*

LUXEMBOURG*5*3*3* - 40* - *

NETHERLANDS*215*425*425* + 95* - *

UNITED KINGDOM*7 035*6 850*6 500* - 3* - 5*

COMMUNITY*18 126*17 423*18 473* - 4* + 6*

( 1 ) COKE-OVEN COKE ASSIGNED A VALUE OF UNITY .

TABLE 10 A

DELIVERIES OF COAL , PATENT FUEL AND COKE FOR DOMESTIC HEATING

( INCLUDING ISSUES TO WORKERS )

( 1 000 TONNES )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*1980/79 % *1981/80 % *

BELGIUM*COAL*1 610*1 422*1 513* - 12* + 6*

*PATENT FUEL*220*135*100* - 39* - 26*

*COKE*27*30*30* - 11* - *

*TOTAL*1 857*1 587*1 643* - 15* + 4*

DENMARK*COAL*12*20*20* + 67* - *

*COKE*23*20*20* - 30* - *

*TOTAL*35*40*40* + 14* - *

GERMANY*COAL*1 430*1 330*1 330* - 7* - *

*PATENT FUEL*1 296*1 200*1 200* - 7* - *

*COKE*1 964*1 900*1 600* - 3* - 16*

*TOTAL*4 690*4 430*4 130* - 6* - 7*

FRANCE*COAL*2 938*2 450*2 210* - 17* - 10*

*PATENT FUEL*2 326*2 125*1 975* - 9* - 7*

*COKE*281*250*240* - 11* - 4*

*TOTAL*5 545*4 825*4 425* - 13* - 8*

GREECE*COAL*...*...*5* - * - *

*COKE*...*...*10* - * - *

*TOTAL*...*...*15* - * - *

IRELAND*COAL*1 100*1 200*1 200* + 9* - *

*COKE* - * - * - * - * - *

*TOTAL*1 100*1 200*1 200* + 9* - *

ITALY*COAL*150*150*150* - * - *

*PATENT FUEL*11*10*10* - 9* - *

*COKE*175*160*145* - 9* - 9*

*TOTAL*336*320*305* - 5* - 5*

LUXEMBOURG*COAL*5*5*5* - * - *

*PATENT FUEL*1*1*1* - * - *

*COKE*2*2*2* - * - *

*TOTAL*8*8*8* - * - *

NETHERLANDS*COAL*166*300*200* + 81* - 33*

*PATENT FUEL*20*20*20* - * - *

*COKE*1*5*5* + 400* - *

*TOTAL*187*325*225* + 74* - 31*

UNITED KINGDOM*COAL*12 494*11 500*11 600* - 8* + 1*

*PATENT FUEL*954*925*925* - 3* - *

*COKE*2 697*2 500*2 400* - 7* - 4*

*TOTAL*16 145*14 925*14 925* - 8* - *

COMMUNITY*COKE*19 905*18 377*18 233 ( 1 )* - 8* - 1*

*PATENT FUEL*4 828*4 416*4 231* - 9* - 4*

*COKE*5 170*4 867*4 452 ( 1 )* - 6* - 6*

*TOTAL*29 903*27 660*26 916 ( 1 )* - 8* - 3*

( 1 ) INCLUDING GREECE .

TABLE 10 B

DELIVERIES OF PEAT AND LIGNITE FOR DOMESTIC HEATING

( INCLUDING ISSUES TO WORKERS )

( 1 000 TONNES )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*DIFFERENCE IN % *

****1980/79*1981/80*

BELGIUM******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES*33*30*30* - 9* - * DENMARK******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES* - * - * - * - * - *

GERMANY******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES*3 721*3 600*3 800* - 3* + 5*

FRANCE******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES*176*175*175* - * - *

BLACK LIGNITE*65*65*65 - * - *

GREECE******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES* ( PM 95 ) * ( PM 90 ) *90* - * - *

IRELAND******

PEAT*571*570*570* - * - *

PEAT BRIQUETTES*307*310*310* - * - *

ITALY******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES*50*50*50* - * - *

BLACK LIGNITE*25*25*25* - * - *

LUXEMBOURG******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES*45*45*45* - * - *

NETHERLANDS******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES*3* - * - * - * - *

UNITED KINGDOM******

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES* - * - * - * - * - *

COMMUNITY*4 996*4 870*5 160 ( 1 )* - 3* - 6*

( 1 ) INCLUDING GREECE .

NB : AVERAGE CALORIFIC VALUE OF THESE FUELS :

PEAT 13 800 KJ/KG

PEAT BRIQUETTES 18 640 KJ/KG

LIGNITE BRIQUETTES 20 000 KJ/KG

BLACK LIGNITE

- FRENCH 18 750 KJ/KG

- ITALIAN 19 500 KJ/KG

TABLE 11

HARD COAL PRODUCTION BY AREAS

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 PROVISIONAL*1981 FORECAST*

KEMPEN*5 614*5 948*6 000*

SUD*511*377*250*

BELGIUM*6 125*6 325*6 250*

RUHR*75 236*76 117*74 500*

AACHEN*5 334*5 399*5 550*

NIEDERSACHSEN*2 333*2 276*2 300*

SAAR*9 888*10 128*10 700*

KLEINZECHEN*521*540*525*

GERMANY*93 312*94 460*93 575*

NATIONAL STATISTICS* ( 85 799 ) * ( 86 550 ) *86 200*

NORD - PAS DE CALAIS*5 387*4 470*3 850*

LORRAINE*9 595*9 809*10 000*

CENTRE - MIDI*3 630*3 857*3 600*

FRANCE*18 611*18 136*17 450*

IRELAND*60*60*60*

SCOTLAND*8 148*8 115 *...*

NORTH*13 500*14 654 *...*

YORKSHIRE*30 979*31 001 *...*

NORTH-WEST*10 949*11 344 *...*

MIDLANDS/KENT*35 909*38 296 *...*

SOUTH WALES*7 709*7 814 *...*

LICENSED MINES*900*1 142 *...*

OPENCAST*12 543*15 242*15 000*

UNITED KINGDOM*120 637*128 208*125 000*

COMMUNITY*238 745*247 189*242 335*

TABLE 12

HARD COAL PRODUCTION IN TERAJOULES ( 1 )

*10 3 TONNES*TJ*KJ/KG*

1979 ( ACTUAL ) ****

BELGIUM*6 125*165 685*27 050*

GERMANY*93 312*2 565 287*27 520*

FRANCE*18 611*477 437*25 650*

IRELAND*63*1 333*21 160*

UNITED KINGDOM*120 637*2 931 600*24 300*

COMMUNITY*238 748*6 141 342*25 725*

1980 ( PROVISIONAL ) ****

BELGIUM*6 325*171 091*27 050*

GERMANY*94 460*2 599 539*27 520*

FRANCE*18 136*465 188*25 650*

IRELAND*60*1 270*21 160*

UNITED KINGDOM*128 208*3 155 746*24 300*

COMMUNITY*247 189*6 352 834*25 750*

( 1 ) 10 12 JOULES .

TABLE 13

PERSONNEL EMPLOYED UNDERGROUND

( YEARLY AVERAGE IN 1 000S )

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 PROVISIONAL*1981 FORECAST*CHANGES 1980/79*CHANGES 1981/80*

****1 000* % *1 000* % *

BELGIUM*17,0*16,4*15,0* - 0,6* - 3,5* - 1,4* - 8,5*

GERMANY*119,4*121,6*124,0* + 2,2* + 1,8* + 2,4* + 2,0*

FRANCE*33,1*30,4*28,0* - 2,7* - 8,2* - 2,4* - 7,9*

UNITED KINGDOM*185,0*184,0*185,0* - 1,0* - 0,5* + 1,0* + 0,5*

COMMUNITY ( 1)*354,9*352,8*352,4* - 2,2* - 0,6* - 0,4* - 0,1*

( 1 ) INCLUDING 0,4 IN IRELAND .

TABLE 14

OUTPUT PER MAN/HOUR

*KG/MAN/HOUR* % CHANGE*

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 PROVISIONAL*1981 FORECAST*1980/79*1981/80*

BELGIUM*276*279*283* + 1,1* + 1,4*

GERMANY*546*539*560* - 1,3* + 3,9*

FRANCE*337*352*370* + 4,5* + 5,1*

UNITED KINGDOM*373*382*395* + 2,4* + 3,4*

TABLE 15

PRODUCTION COSTS AND REVENUE PER TONNE

( VARIATION ACCORDING TO DATA SUPPLIED IN NATIONAL CURRENCIES )

* ( % ) *

*PRODUCTION COSTS*REVENUE*

*1979/78 ACTUAL*1980/79 PROVISIONAL*1979/78 ACTUAL*1980/79 PROVISIONAL*

BELGIUM* + 11,0* + 7,5* - 3,0* + 9,0*

GERMANY* + 5,8* + 8,6* + 3,8* + 8,4*

FRANCE* + 11,8* + 8,0* + 14,7* + 12,5*

UNITED KINGDOM* + 18,8* + 16,1* + 16,4* + 17,0*

TABLE 16

STATE AIDS TO THE COAL INDUSTRY FOR CURRENT PRODUCTION

* ( EUA/TONNE PRODUCED ) *

*DIRECT AIDS ( 1)*INDIRECT AIDS*TOTAL*

*1979*1980 ( 2)*1979*1980 ( 2)*1979*1980 ( 2 )*

BELGIUM*45,49*45,68*3,16*1,65*48,65*47,33*

GERMANY*10,89*11,67*0,10*0,08*10,98*11,75*

FRANCE*25,31*25,26*0,35*0,38*25,66*25,64*

UNITED KINGDOM*2,31*2,32* - * - *2,31*2,32*

COMMUNITY*8,55*8,77*0,15*0,10*8,70*8,87*

( 1 ) INCLUDING COKING-COAL AIDS .

( 2 ) PROVISIONAL .

TABLE 17

INVESTMENTS IN COAL

PRODUCTION AND PREPARATION

* ( MILLION EUA ) *

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 ( 1 ) FORECASTS*

BELGIUM*24,6*37,8 *...*

GERMANY*277,3*408,4*335,1*

FRANCE*39,5*44,0*39,5*

UNITED KINGDOM*825,6*871,4*782,4*

COMMUNITY*1 167,0*1 361,6*1 157,0*

( 1 ) EXCLUDING INVESTMENTS NOT FORMALLY DECIDED OR ENGAGED .

TABLE 18

PIT CLOSURES

*1980*1981*

*NUMBER*PREVIOUS YEAR'S OUTPUT ( 1 000 TONNES ) *NUMBER*PREVIOUS YEAR'S OUTPUT ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

BELGIUM*****

- SUD*2*171*1 ( 1)*320 ( 1 )*

GERMANY*****

- RUHR*1*477*1*1 118*

FRANCE*****

- NORD/PAS-DE-CALAIS*2*640 ( 2 )* - * - *

- CENTRE-MIDI* - * - *3*293*

UNITED KINGDOM*****

- NORTH*1*377***

- SCOTTISH*1*22***

- NORTH-EAST*2*271***

- SOUTH WALES*2*177***

*6*847 *...*...*

*11*2 135*5*1 731 ( 3 )*

( 1 ) DECISION OF CLOSURES HAS BEEN SUSPENDED .

( 2 ) ONE PIT CLOSED IN DECEMBER 1979 BUT NOT REPORTED IN THE FOREGOING REPORT .

( 3 ) TOTAL INCLUDING UNITED KINGDOM .

TABLES 19 A - 19 B : SEE O.J .

TABLE 20

AVERAGE CIF PRICES FOR STEAM COAL IMPORTED FROM THIRD COUNTRIES AS REPORTED BY THE MEMBER STATES

*1ST QUARTER 1977*1ST QUARTER 1978*1ST QUARTER 1979*1ST QUARTER 1980*2ND QUARTER 1980*3RD QUARTER 1980*

A . STEAM COAL ( 1 ) IN EUA/TJ ( 2 ) ( 3 )*******

MAXIMUM*1 455*1 249*1 105*1 451*1 579*1 563*

AVERAGE*1 046*1 054*1 020*1 258*1 403*1 426*

MINIMUM*1 010*978*953*1 132*1 289*1 328*

IN PAR /TONNE*******

MAXIMUM*41,3*38,9*40,0*55,6*56,0*57,5*

AVERAGE*30,4*33,1*34,9*46,4*48,5*51,7*

MINIMUM*28,6*30,0*32,7*41,0*43,6*48,0*

B . COKING COAL ( 4 )*******

IN PAR /TONNE*61,6*62,1*63,9*68,5*69,0*69,2*

( 1 ) AS PER QUARTERLY REPORTS OF MEMBER COUNTRIES ( DECISION NO 77/707 ) ECSC 7 . 11 . 1977 .

( 2 ) 1 TERAJOULE = 34,12 TEC OR 23,89 TEP .

( 3 ) ROUNDED UP TO NEAREST WHOLE FIGURE .

( 4 ) INDICATIVE PRICE ( DECISION NO 73/287/ECSC OF 25 . 7 . 1973 ) REFERENCE DATE : BEGINNING OF QUARTER .

TABLE 21

COKE-OVEN COKE PRODUCTION CAPACITY

* ( MILLION TONNES ) *

*BELGIUM*GERMANY*FRANCE*ITALY*NETHERLANDS*UNITED KINGDOM*COMMUNITY*

1979 ( ACTUAL ) ********

COLLIERY PLANTS* - *22,1*5,8* - * - *4,1*32,0*

IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY*6,9*9,1*6,6*9,0*2,5*9,0*43,1*

INDEPENDENT*0,1* - * - *2,5*0,6*3,0*6,2*

TOTAL*7,0*31,2*12,4*11,5*3,1*16,1*81,3

( OF WHICH COASTAL COKING PLANT ) * ( 1,5 ) * ( 0,4 ) * ( 4,2 ) * ( 11,5 ) * ( 3,1 ) * ( 8,0 ) * ( 28,7 ) *

1980 ( PROVISIONAL ) ********

COLLIERY PLANTS* - *22,2*5,8* - * - *4,3*32,3*

IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY*6,9*9,1*6,2*9,0*2,0*8,4*41,6*

INDEPENDENT*0,1* - * - *2,5*0,6*3,0*6,2*

TOTAL*7,0*31,3*12,0*11,5*2,6*15,7*80,1*

( OF WHICH COASTAL COKING PLANT ) * ( 1,5 ) * ( 0,4 ) * ( 4,2 ) * ( 11,5 ) * ( 2,6 ) * ( 7,8 ) * ( 28,0 ) *

1981 ( FORECASTS ) ********

COLLIERY PLANTS* - *21,8*5,8* - * - *3,3*30,9*

IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY*6,9*9,1*6,3*9,0*2,0*8,5*41,8*

INDEPENDENT*0,1* - * - *2,5*0,6*3,0 ( 1)*6,2*

TOTAL*7,0*30,9*12,1*11,5*2,6*14,8*78,9*

( OF WHICH COASTAL COKING PLANTS ) * ( 1,5 ) * ( 0,4 ) * ( 4,2 ) * ( 11,5 ) * ( 2,6 ) * ( 7,8 ) * ( 28,0 ) *

( 1 ) INCLUDING LTC .

TABLE 22

COKE-OVEN COKE

( 1 000 TONNES )

*COAL DELIVERIES TO COKING PLANTS*PRODUCTION OF COKE-OVEN COKE*

**1 000 TONNES*VARIATION IN % VERSUS THE PREVIOUS YEAR*

1979 ( ACTUAL ) ****

BELGIUM*8 442*6 451* + 12*

GERMANY*34 037*26 697* + 4*

FRANCE*14 306*11 615* + 9*

ITALY*10 243*7 501* + 2*

NETHERLANDS*3 469*2 530* + 5*

UNITED KINGDOM*16 876*12 511* + 1*

COMMUNITY*87 373*67 305* + 5*

1980 ( ESTIMATES ) ****

BELGIUM*7 800*6 034* - 7*

GERMANY*36 950*8 665* + 7*

FRANCE*14 300*11 201* - 4*

ITALY*10 800*8 303* + 11*

NETHERLANDS*3 175*2 443* - 3*

UNITED KINGDOM*13 500*10 080* - 19*

COMMUNITY*86 525*66 726* - 1*

1981 ( FORECASTS ) ****

BELGIUM*7 620*5 900* - 2*

GERMANY*36 750*28 400* - 1*

FRANCE*13 470*10 900* - 3*

GREECE*260*200 *...*

ITALY*9 900*7 600* - 8*

NETHERLANDS*2 550*1 950* - 20*

UNITED KINGDOM*14 300*10 950* + 8*

COMMUNITY*84 850*65 900* - 1*

TABLE 23

COAL SUPPLIES TO COKE OVENS

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*NATIONAL COAL*COAL FROM OTHER ECSC COUNTRIES*TOTAL ECSC COAL*COAL FROM THIRD COUNTRIES*TOTAL SUPPLIES*

BELGIUM******

1978*3 821*1 806*5 627*1 726*7 353*

1979*3 826*1 297*5 123*3 179*8 302*

1980 ( 1)*3 800*700*4 500*3 450*7 950*

GERMANY******

1978*32 631*100*32 731*27*32 758*

1979*33 922*148*34 070*309*34 379*

1980 ( 1)*36 720*140*36 860*440*37 300*

FRANCE******

1978*5 721*3 362*9 083*3 943*13 026*

1979*5 542*3 468*9 010*5 478*14 488*

1980 ( 1)*4 620*2 780*7 400*6 000*13 400*

GREECE******

1978* - * - * - * - * - *

1979* - * - * - * - * - *

1980 ( 1 )* - * - * - * - * - *

ITALY******

1978* - *2 568*2 568*7 719*10 287*

1979* - *2 140*2 140*7 857*9 997*

1980 ( 1 )* - *2 635*2 635*8 165*10 800*

NETHERLANDS******

1978* - *801*801*2 292*3 093*

1979* - *634*634*2 869*3 503*

1980 ( 1 )* - *600*600*2 125*2 725*

UNITED KINGDOM******

1978*14 794*198*14 992*1 142*16 134*

1979*14 900*100*15 000*2 000*17 000*

1980 ( 1)*9 900*50*9 950*3 800*13 750*

COMMUNITY******

1978*56 967*8 835*65 802*16 849*82 651*

1979*58 190*7 787*65 977*21 692*87 669*

1980 ( 1)*55 040*6 905*61 945*23 980*85 925*

FIRST FORECAST FOR 1981******

BELGIUM*3 650*700*4 350*3 270*7 620*

GERMANY*35 850*150*36 000*750*36 750*

FRANCE*5 025*2 435*7 460*6 010*13 470*

GREECE* - * - * - *260*260*

ITALY* - *2 200*2 200*7 700*9 900*

NETHERLANDS* - *635*635*1 915*2 550*

UNITED KINGDOM*10 470*30*10 500*3 800*14 300*

COMMUNITY*54 995*6 150*61 145*23 905*84 850*

( 1 ) ESTIMATES .

TABLE 24

TREND OF INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE IN COAL

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

FROM*BELGIUM*DENMARK*GERMANY*FRANCE*GREECE*IRELAND*ITALY* LUXEMBOURG*NETHERLANDS*UNITED KINGDOM*TOTAL*

TO************

BELGIUM************

1979* - * - *3 415*64* - * - * - * - * - *242*3 721*

1980* - * - *2 460*40* - * - * - * - *225*240*2 965*

1981* - * - *2 350*40* - * - * - * - *225*165*2 780*

DENMARK************

1979* - * - *599* - * - * - * - * - * - *245*844*

1980* - * - *150* - * - * - * - * - * - *850*1 000*

1981* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *1 000*1 000*

GERMANY************

1979*156* - * - *316* - * - * - * - * - *724*1 196*

1980*320* - * - 250* - * - * - * - *150*1 080*1 800*

1981*375* - * - *300* - * - * - * - *200*1 125*2 000*

FRANCE************

1979*101* - *6 746* - * - * - * - * - * - *791*7 638*

1980*55* - *5 245* - * - * - * - * - * - *1 050*6 350*

1981*75* - *4 335* - * - * - * - * - * - *1 015*5 425*

GREECE************

1979* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *

1980* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *

1981* - * - *30*20* - * - * - * - * - * - *50*

IRELAND************

1979* - * - *3* - * - * - * - * - * - *155*158*

1980* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *200*200*

1981* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *220*220*

ITALY************

1979*5* - *1 924*14* - * - * - * - * - *15*1 958*

1980*5* - *2 635*15* - * - * - * - * - *45*2 700*

1981*5* - *2 185*40* - * - * - * - * - *40*2 270*

LUXEMBOURG************

1979*5* - *147*7* - * - * - * - * - *16*175*

1980*5* - *140*10* - * - * - * - * - *25*180*

1981* - * - *120*10* - * - * - * - * - *50*180*

NETHERLANDS**********

1979*5* - *1 221*21* - * - * - * - * - *84*1 331*

1980*30* - *1 100*20* - * - * - * - * - *150*1 300*

1981* - * - *1 220* - * - * - * - * - * - *150*1 370*

UNITED KINGDOM************

1979*44* - *229* - * - *55* - * - * - * - *328*

1980* - * - *60* - * - * - * - * - * - * - *60*

1981* - * - *100* - * - * - * - * - * - * - *100*

COMMUNITY************

1979*316* - *14 284*422* - *55* - * - * - *2 272*17 349*

1980*415* - *11 790*335* - * - * - * - *375*3 640*16 555*

1981*455* - *10 340*410* - * - * - * - *425*3 765*15 395*

NOTE :

1979 ACTUAL .

1980 ESTIMATES .

1981 FORECASTS .

TABLE 25

TREND OF INTRA-COMMUNITY TRADE IN COKE-OVEN COKE

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

FROM*BELGIUM*DENMARK*GERMANY*FRANCE*GREECE*IRELAND* ITALY*LUXEMBOURG*NETHERLANDS*UNITED KINGDOM*TOTAL*

TO************

BELGIUM************

1979* - * - *964*135* - * - * - * - *163*41*1 303*

1980* - * - *850*40* - * - * - * - *150*60*1 100*

1981* - * - *500*40* - * - * - * - *100*60*700*

DENMARK************

1979*1* - *38*83* - * - * - * - * - *5*127*

1980* - * - *20*75* - * - * - * - * - *5*100*

1981* - * - *20*75* - * - * - * - * - *5*100*

GERMANY************

1979*93* - * - *286* - * - * - * - *149*83*611*

1980*90*10* - *250* - * - * - * - *100*140*590*

1981*60* - * - *300* - * - * - * - *140*100*600*

FRANCE************

1979*157* - *2 030* - * - * - *19* - *109*7*2 322*

1980*180* - *2 265* - * - * - *25* - *260*20*2 750*

1981*125* - *1 580* - * - * - *25* - *200*20*1 950*

GREECE************

1979* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *

1980* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *

1981* - * - *35* - * - * - *15* - * - * - *50*

IRELAND************

1979* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *31*31*

1980* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *30*30*

1981* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - *30*30*

ITALY************

1979* - * - *27*69* - * - * - * - * - * - *96*

1980* - * - *30*10* - * - * - * - * - *40*80*

1981* - * - *40* - * - * - * - * - * - * - *40*

LUXEMBOURG************

1979*3* - *2 172* - * - * - * - * - * - *5*2 180*

1980*20* - *2 240* - * - * - * - * - * - * - *2 260*

1981*5* - *2 010* - * - * - * - * - * - * - *2 015*

NETHERLANDS************

1979*2* - *568*28* - * - * - * - * - *7*605*

1980*10* - *600*20* - * - * - * - * - *10*640*

1981*10* - *535*10* - * - * - * - * - *90*645*

UNITED KINGDOM************

1979*1* - *24*6* - * - * - * - * - * - *31*

1980* - * - *5*5* - * - * - * - * - * - *10*

1981* - * - *5*5* - * - * - * - * - * - *10*

COMMUNITY************

1979*257* - *5 823*607* - * - *19* - *421*179*7 306*

1980*300*10*6 010*400* - * - *25* - *510*305*7 560*

1981*200* - *4 725*430* - * - *40* - *440*305*6 140*

NOTE :

1979 ACTUAL .

1980 ESTIMATES .

1981 FORECASTS .

TABLE 26

IMPORT OF COAL FROM THIRD COUNTRIES

* ( MILLION TONNES ) *

*1979 ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATE*1981 FORECAST*

A . BY COUNTRY OF DESTINATION****

BELGIUM*5,9*7,38,1*

DENMARK*6,7*9,1*10,1*

GERMANY*6,9*7,3*9,5*

FRANCE*19,5*22,6*22,3*

GREECE* ( PM : 0,4 ) * ( PM : 0,5 ) *0,3*

IRELAND*0,9*1,0*1,1*

ITALY*11,2*13,8*13,6*

LUXEMBOURG*0,2*0,2*0,2*

NETHERLANDS*3,8*5,0*5,3*

UNITED KINGDOM*4,1*7,3*6,5*

COMMUNITY*59,1*73,6*77,0*

B . BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN****

USA*14,7*27,9*28,3*

CANADA*0,9*0,7*0,6*

AUSTRALIA*8,0*7,9*8,9*

SOUTH AFRICA*15,9*19,3*20,0*

POLAND*15,3*13,7*14,4*

USSR*2,8*2,6*3,7*

OTHERS*2,0*1,5*1,1*

TOTAL*59,1*73,6*77,0*

C . BY SECTOR OF CONSUMPTION****

STEAM COAL*31,4*42,5*49,9*

COKING COAL*24,0*28,9*24,8*

OTHERS*3,7*2,2*2,3*

TOTAL*59,1*73,6*77,0*

TABLE 27 A

IMPORT OF COAL FROM THIRD COUNTRIES - 1980

( ESTIMATION )

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*USA*CANADA*AUSTRALIA*SOUTH AFRICA*POLAND*USSR*OTHERS*TOTAL*

BELGIUM*4 155* - *257*2 048*584*216*77*7 337*

DENMARK*1 336*204*363*3 192*3 423*397*146*9 061*

GERMANY*2 231*436*578*1 463*1 948*199*410*7 265*

FRANCE*7 473* - *1 646*9 182*3 449*781*84*22 615*

IRELAND*350* - * - *50*600* - * - *1 000*

ITALY*6 000*25*1 300*3 000*2 200*1 000*275*13 800*

LUXEMBOURG*150* - * - *50* - * - * - *200*

NETHERLANDS*2 600* - *950*200*1 050* - *200*5 000*

UNITED KINGDOM*3 653* - *2 847*67*446*45*276*7 334*

COMMUNITY*27 948*665*7 941*19 252*13 700*2 638*1 468* 73 612*

TABLE 27 B

EXPORTS TO THIRD COUNTRIES

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*ACTUAL*1980 ESTIMATES*1981 FORECAST*

*1977*1978*1979***

A . COAL******

BELGIUM*35*40*66*70*60*

GERMANY*1 612*2 710*1 428*800*460*

FRANCE*32*58*101*50*70*

NETHERLANDS* - * - * - * - *100*

UNITED KINGDOM*117*135*205*300*400

TOTAL*1 796*2 943*1 800*1 220*1 090*

B . COKE******

BELGIUM*41*52*592*450*400*

DENMARK*54*53*46*40*50*

GERMANY*2 906*5 389*5 282*1 600*900*

FRANCE*308*384*947*300*145*

IRELAND*24*26*40*40*40*

ITALY*553*680*652*700*665*

NETHERLANDS*62*209*196*100*200*

UNITED KINGDOM*640*743*695*950*905*

TOTAL*4 588*7 536*8 450*4 180*3 305*

TABLE 28

COMMUNITY PRODUCERS' STOCKS

A . STOCKS OF COAL

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*END OF 1979 ACTUAL*END OF 1980 PROVISIONAL*END OF 1981 FORECAST*DIFFERENCE*

****1980/79*1981/80*

BELGIUM*150*164*164* + 14* - *

GERMANY ( 1)*12 236*13 200*13 200* + 964* - *

FRANCE*3 836*5 625*5 625* + 1 789* - *

IRELAND*30*30*30* - * - *

UNITED KINGDOM*10 245*17 254*22 289* + 7 009* + 5 035*

COMMUNITY*26 497*36 273*41 308* + 9 776* + 5 035*

B . STOCKS OF COKE-OVEN COKE

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*END OF 1979 ACTUAL*END OF 1980 PROVISIONAL*END OF 1981 FORECAST*DIFFERENCE*

****1980/79*1981/80*

BELGIUM*108*160*270* + 52* + 110*

GERMANY ( 1)*6 820*6 292*8 047* - 528* + 1 755*

FRANCE*535*630*1 205* + 95* + 575*

GREECE* - * - *...*...*...*

ITALY*422*550*560* + 128* + 10*

NETHERLANDS*22*50*50* + 28**

UNITED KINGDOM*1 965*2 900*2 865* + 935* - 35*

COMMUNITY*9 872*10 582*12 997* + 710* + 2 415*

C . STOCKS OF COKE AND COKE-OVEN COKE ( COKE TAKEN AT ITS COAL VALUE )

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*END OF 1979 ACTUAL*END OF 1980 PROVISIONAL*END OF 1981 FORECAST*DIFFERENCE*

****1980/79*1981/80*

BELGIUM*290*372*515* + 82* + 143*

GERMANY ( 1)*21 102*21 380*23 661* + 278* + 2 281*

FRANCE*4 531*6 444*7 192* + 1 913* + 747*

GREECE* - * - *...*...*...*

IRELAND*30*30*30* - * - *

ITALY*549*715*728* + 166* + 13*

NETHERLANDS*29*65*65* + 36* - *

UNITED KINGDOM*12 799*21 024*26 013* + 8 225* + 4 989*

COMMUNITY*39 330*50 030*58 203* + 10 700* + 8 173*

( 1 ) INCLUDING NOTGEMEINSCHAFT .

COAL : 7 259 ,

COKE : 2 977 .

TABLE 29 A

BREAKDOWN OF COAL STOCKS

( TOTAL COLLIERY STOCKS AT THE END OF SEPTEMBER 1980 )

A . BY GROUP AND BY AREA

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*GROUPS I-II*GROUPS V-VI*GROUPS III-IV-VII*TOTAL*

BELGIUM*****

CAMPINE* - *184* - *184*

BASSIN SUD*16* - * - *16*

TOTAL*16*184* - *200*

GERMANY*****

RUHR*354*4 135*102*4 591*

SAAR* - *170*906*1 076*

AACHEN*289*57*463*809*

NIEDERSACHSEN*811* - * - *811*

TOTAL*1 454*4 362*1 471*7 287*

+ NOTGEMEINSCHAFT* - * - * - *7 260*

TOTAL* - * - * - *14 547*

FRANCE*****

NORD/PAS-DE-CALAIS*1 111*870*11*1 992*

LORRAINE* - *2 885* - *2 885*

CENTRE-MIDI*347*372*693*1 412*

TOTAL*1 458*4 127*704*6 289*

IRELAND* - * - *30*30*

UNITED KINGDOM*****

SCOTLAND* - *79*215*294*

NORTHERN* - *1 902*334*2 236*

YORKSHIRE* - *664*921*1 585*

NORTH-WESTERN* - *861*85*946*

MIDLANDS* - *112*2 154*2 266*

SOUTH WALES*1 499*366*1 940*3 805*

OPENCAST*1 030*909*1 560*3 499*

TOTAL*2 529*4 893*7 209*14 631*

COMMUNITY*5 457*13 566*9 414*28 437*

TABLE 29 B

BREAKDOWN OF COAL STOCKS

( TOTAL COLLIERY STOCKS AT THE END OF SEPTEMBER 1980 )

B . BY GROUP AND BY PREPARATION

* ( 1 000 TONNES ) *

*LARGE AND GRABED*SMALLS WASHED*UNTREATED SMALLS AND FINES*PART-TREATED SMALLS*RUN OF MINE*SLURRY*TOTAL*

BELGIUM********

I + II* - *3* - *9* - *4*16*

V + VI*52*108*3*21* - * - *184*

OTHERS* - * - * - * - * - * - * - *

TOTAL*52*111*3*30* - *4*200*

GERMANY********

I + II*111*384*249*698* - *12*1 454*

V + VI*151*1 434*4*2 568* - *205*4 362*

OTHERS*171*303*113*276* - *608*1 471*

TOTAL*433*2 121*366*3 542* - *825*7 287*

+ NOTGEMEINSCHAFT*******7 260*

TOTAL*******14 547*

FRANCE********

I + II*92*462*99*593*3*209*1 458*

V + VI*560*1 079*379*986*21*1 102*4 127*

OTHERS*31*56*329*165* - *123*704*

TOTAL*683*1 597*807*1 744*24*1 434*6 289*

IRELAND III - IV - VII* - * - * - * - *30* - *30*

UNITED KINGDOM********

I + II*12*898*702*7*910* - *2 529*

V + VI*284*2 400*1 272*613*324* - *4 893*

OTHERS*740*1 806*2 373*1 084*1 206* - *7 209*

TOTAL*1 036*5 104*4 347*1 704*2 440* - *14 631*

COMMUNITY********

I + II*215*1 747*1 050*1 307*913*225*5 457*

V + VI*1 047*5 021*1 658*4 188*345*1 307*13 566*

OTHERS*942*2 165*2 815*1 525*1 236*731*9 414*

TOTAL*2 204*8 933*5 523*7 020*2 494*2 263*28 437*

TABLE 30

STOCKS OF COAL AT POWER STATIONS

( END OF SEPTEMBER 1980 )

*30 SEPTEMBER 1979 1 000 TONNES*30 SEPTEMBER 1980*DIFFERENCE 1980/79 1 000 TONNES*

**1 000 TONNES*DAYS**

BELGIUM*752*764*50* + 12*

DENMARK*3 027*4 071*165* + 1 044*

GERMANY*7 379 ( 1)*11 247 ( 1)*95* + 3 868*

FRANCE*4 781*5 739*86* + 958*

GREECE* - * - * - * - *

IRELAND* - * - * - * - *

ITALY*559*465*32* - 94*

LUXEMBOURG* - * - * - * - *

NETHERLANDS*418*172*30* + 246*

UNITED KINGDOM*15 726*18 817*76* + 3 091*

COMMUNITY*32 642*41 275*85* + 8 633*

( 1 ) INCLUDING BERGBAUVERBUNDKRAFTWERKE .

BALANCE OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND : HARD - COAL - 1981 : SEE O.J .

COAL - INTRA-COMMUNITY EXCHANGES 1981 : SEE O.J .

BALANCE OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND : COKE 1981 : SEE O.J .

COKE-OVEN COKE - INTRA-COMMUNITY EXCHANGE 1981 : SEE O.J .