31.12.87 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoL374/19
COUNCILDECISION
of14December1987
onthesharingofpassengercapacitybetweenaircarriersonscheduledairservicesbetween
MemberStatesandonaccessforaircarrierstoscheduledair-serviceroutesbetweenMember
States
(87/602/87)
THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES ,Whereasitisnecessarytoensurethatsuchlimitationsdo
notgiveanunfairadvantagetoanyoneaircarrier;
HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropean
EconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticles84(2)
and227(2)thereof,Whereasitisnecessary,inordertoachieveabalancedset
ofopportunities ,andtakingaccountoftheprovisionsof
themeasuresasawhole,toredresstheeconomic
disadvantagesofaircarriersestablishedintheperipheral
MemberStatesoftheCommunity; HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission (1),
HavingregardtotheopinionsoftheEuropean
Parliament (2),
HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocial
Committee (3),Whereasitisnecessary,inparticular,nottoapplythe
openingofroutesbetweenhubairportsofoneStateand
regionalairportsofanotherStatetoacertainnumberof
airportsforreasonsrelatingtoairportinfrastructureandin
ordertosecureagradualdevelopmentoftheCommunity
policyofliberalizationavoidingnegativeeffectsonthe
Communityairtransportsystem;
WhereasflexibilityandcompetitionintheCommunity
air-transportsystemshouldbeincreased;
Whereastheartificialconstraintsimposedonthecapacity
whichaircarriersmayprovideandontheiraccesstothe
marketshouldthereforeberelaxed;Whereasarrangementsforgreatercooperationovertheuse
ofGibraltarairportwereagreedinLondonon2December
1987bytheKingdomofSpainandtheUnitedKingdomin
ajointdeclarationbytheministersofForeignAffairsofthe
twocountries,andsucharrangements haveyettocome
intooperation;
Whereas,takingintoaccountthecompetitivemarket
situation,provisionshouldbemadetopreventunjustifiable
economiceffectsonaircarriers;whereasMemberStates
shouldaccordinglybeabletointerveneifthecapacityshare
oftheircarriersinabilateralrelationshipwouldotherwise
fallbelowagivenpercentage;WhereasaircarriersshouldbefreefromanyState
obligationtoenterintoagreementswithotheraircarriers
inrespectsofcapacityandmarketaccess;
Whereasincreasedmarketaccesswillstimulatethe
developmentoftheCommunityairtransportsectorand
giverisetoimprovedservicesforusers;whereas,however,
inordertopreventunduedisturbanceofexistingairtraffic
systemsandtoallowtimeforadaptation,itisappropriate
toprovideforsomelimitationsonmarketaccess;WhereastheHeadsofStateandGovernment ,attheir
meetinginJune1986,agreedthattheinternalmarketinair
transportshouldbecompletedby1992pursuantto
Communityactionsleadingtothestrengtheningofits
economicandsocialcohesion;whereastheprovisionsof
thisDecisiononcapacitysharingandmarketaccessarea
firststepinthisdirectionandtheCouncilwilltherefore,in
ordertomeettheobjectivesetbytheHeadsofStateand
Government ,adoptfurthermeasuresofliberalization in
respectofcapacitysharingandmarketaccessincluding
newfifth-freedom trafficrightsbetweenCommunity
airportsattheendofathree-yearinitialperiod,(»)OJNoC182,9.7.1984,p.1.
(2)OJNoC262,14.10.1985,p.44andOJNoC345,
21.12.1987.
(3)OJNoC303,25.11.1985,p.31.

NoL374/20 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 31.12.87
HASADOPTEDTHISDECISION :
Scopeanddefinitions
Article1
1.ThisDecisionconcerns :
(a)thesharingofpassengercapacitybetweentheair
carrier(s)ofoneMemberStateandtheaircarrier(s)of
anotherMemberStateonscheduledairservices
betweentheseStates;
(b)accessforCommunityaircarrier(s)tocertainroutes
betweenMemberStateswhichtheydonotalready
operate.
2.ThisDecisionshallnotaffecttherelationshipbetween
aMemberStateanditsownaircarriersrespectingcapacity
sharingandmarketaccess.
3.ThisDecisionshallnotapplytotheoverseas
departmentsreferredtoinArticle227(2)oftheTreaty.
4.Articles3and4shallnotapplytothoseservicessubject
toCouncilDirective83/416/EECof25July1983
concerningtheauthorizationofscheduledinter-regionalair
servicesforthetransportofpassengers,mailandcargo
betweenMemberStates(*),asamendedbyDirective
86/216/EEC(2).
5.TheapplicationofthisDecisiontotheairportof
Gibraltaris.understoodtobewithoutprejudicetothe
respectivelegalpositionsoftheKingdomofSpainandthe
UnitedKingdomwithregardtothedisputeover
sovereigntyovertheterritoryinwhichtheairportis
situated.
6.ApplicationoftheprovisionsofthisDecisionto
Gibraltarairportshallbesuspendeduntilthearrangements
inthejointdeclarationmadebytheForeignMinistersof
theKingdomofSpainandtheUnitedKingdomon2
December1987havecomeintooperation.The
GovernmentsofSpainandtheUnitedKingdomwillso
informtheCounilonthatdate.(b)capacitysharemeanstheshareoftheaircarrier(s)ofa
MemberStateexpressedasapercentageofthetotal
capacityinabilateralrelationshipwithanother
MemberState,excludinganycapacityprovidedunder
theprovisionsofArticle6(3)orunderthetermsof
Directive83/416/EECandalsoanycapacityprovided
byafifth-freedomaircarrier;
(c)aircarriermeansanairtransportenterprisewithavalid
operatinglicencetooperatescheduledairservices;
(d)athird-freedomaircarriermeansanaircarrierhaving
therighttoputdown,intheterritoryofanotherState,
passengers,freightandmailtakenupintheStatein
whichitisregistered;
afourth-freedom aircarriermeansanaircarrierhaving
therighttotakeon,inanotherState,passengers,
freightandmail,foroff-loadinginitsStateof
registration ;
afifth-freedomaircarriermeansanaircarrierhaving
therighttoundertakethecommercialairtransportof
passengers,freightandmailbetweentwoStatesother
thanitsStateofregistration;
(e)StatesconcernedmeantheMemberStatesbetween
whichthescheduledairserviceinquestionis
operated;
(f)Communityaircarriermeans:
(i)anaircarrierwhichhasitscentraladministration
andprincipalplaceofbusinessintheCommunity,
themajorityofwhosesharesareownedby
nationalsofMemberStatesand/orMemberStates
andwhichiseffectivelycontrolledbysuchpersons
orStates,or
(ii)anaircarrierwhich,althoughitdoesnotmeetthe
definitionsetoutin(i)atthetimeofadoptionof
thisDecision:
A.eitherhasitscentraladministration and
principalplaceofbusinessintheCommunity
andhasbeenprovidingscheduledor
non-scheduled airservicesintheCommunity
duringthe12monthspriortoadoptionofthis
Decision,
B.orhasbeenprovidingscheduledservices
betweenMemberStatesonthebasisofthethird­
andfourth-freedomsoftheairduringthe12
monthspriortoadoptionofthisDecision.
Theenterpriseswhichmeettheabovecriteria
arelistedinAnnexI.
(g)scheduledairservicemeansaseriesofflightseach
possessingallthefollowingcharacteristics :
(i)itpassesthroughtheairspaceovertheterritoryof
morethanoneMemberState;Article2
ForthepurposeofthisDecision:
(a)capacityshallbeexpressedasthenumberofseats
offeredtothegeneralpubliconascheduledairservice
overagivenperiod;
(»)OJNoL237,26.8.1983,p.19.
(2)OJNoL152,6.6.1986,p.47.

31.12.87 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoL374/21
carrier(s)ofanotherMemberStatetoincreaseits(their)
capacityshareshallbeextendedto60%:40%from
1October1989.(ii)itisperformedbyaircraftforthetransportof
passengersorpassengersandcargoand/ormail
forremuneration ,insuchamannerthatoneach
flightseatsareavailableforpurchasebymembers
ofthepublic(eitherdirectlyfromtheaircarrieror
fromitsauthorizedagents);
(iii)itisoperatedsoastoservetrafficbetweenthe
sametwoormorepoints,either:
(1)accordingtoapublishedtimetable,or
(2)withflightssoregularorfrequentthatthey
constitutearecognizablysystematicseries;3.Inapplyingtheprovisionsofparagraphs 1and2,
unilateralcut-backsincapacityshallnotbetakeninto
account.Insuchcases,thebasisforthecalculationof
capacitysharesshallbethecapacityofferedinthe
previouscorresponding seasonsbytheaircarrier(s)ofthe
MemberStatewhichhas(have)reducedits(their)
capacity.
(h)flightmeansadeparturefromaspecifiedairport
towardsaspecifieddestination;
(i)multipledesignationonacountry-pairbasismeansthe
designationbyoneMemberStateoftwoormoreofits
aircarrierstooperatescheduledairservicesbetweenits
territoryandthatofanotherMemberState;
(j)multipledesignationonacity-pairbasismeansthe
designationbyoneMemberStateoftwoormoreofits
aircarrierstooperateascheduledairservicebetween
anairportorairportsysteminitsterritoryandan
airportorairportsystemintheterritoryofanother
MemberState;4.Adjustmentswithinthe55%:45%rangeorthe
60%:40%range,asappropriate,shallbepermissiblein
anygivenseason,underthefollowingconditions:
(a)afterthefirstautomaticapproval,theaircarrier(s)of
theMemberStateofferinglesscapacityshallbe
authorizedtoincreaseits(their)owncapacityuptothe
limitofthecapacityapprovedfortheaircarrier(s)of
theMemberStateofferingthelargercapacity;
(b)ifthelatteraircarrier(s)choose(s)toreacttotheabove
mentionedincrease,it(they)shallreceiveautomatic
approvalforonefurtherincrease,upthelevelofits
(their)firstcapacityfiling(s)forthatseason,withinthe
applicablerange;
(c)thecarrier(s)oftheMemberStateofferinglesscapacity
willthenreceiveautomaticapprovalforoneincreaseup
tothematchinglevel;
(d)anyfurtherincreasesduringthatseasonshallbesubject
totheapplicablebilateralprovisionsbetweenthetwo
MemberStatesconcerned .(k)hubairportmeansanairportincludedinthelistin
AnnexIIasacategory1airport;
regionalairportmeansacategory2or3airportas
listedinAnnexII;
(1)airportsystemmeanstwoormoreairportsgrouped
togetherasservingthesamecity.
Article4
1.AttherequestofanyMemberStateforwhichthe
applicationofArticle3(1)hasledtoseriousfinancial
damageforitsaircarrier(s),theCommissionwillcarryout
areviewbefore1August1989and,onthebasisofall
relevantfactors,includingthemarketsituation,the
financialpositionofthecarrier(s)andthecapacity
utilisationachieved,willtakeadecisiononwhetherthe
provisionsofArticle3(2)shouldbeappliedinfullor
not.Sharesofcapacity
Article3
1.Intheperiodbetween1January1988and30
September1989,aMemberStateshallallowanythird-and
fourth-freedom aircarrier(s)authorizedbytheStates
concernedunderthearrangements inforcebetweenthem
tooperateroutesbetweentheirterritoriestoadjust
capacityprovidedthattheresultingcapacitysharesarenot
outsidetherange55%:45%.
2.TheCommission shallcommunicate itsdecisiontothe
Councilwhich,actingbyunanimity,maytakeadifferent
decisionwithinaperiodoftwomonthsofthis
communication .2.UnlessadifferentdecisionistakenunderArticle4,the
rangewithinwhichaMemberStateshallallowtheair

NoL374/22 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 31.12.87
—thefollowingairportsorairportsystems
whichatthetimeofthenotification of
thisDecisionmeetthecriteriasetoutin
Article9:
Barcelona,
Malaga,
Milan—Linate/Malpensa.
(ii)Inaddition,inordertopreventmajordisturbance
ofexistingairtrafficsystemsandtoallowtimefor
adaptation,thefollowingairportsshallalsobe
excludedfromtheprovisionsofparagraph1forthe
durationofthisDecision:Multipledesignation
Article5
1.AMemberStateshallacceptmultipledesignationona
country-pairbasisbyanotherMemberStatebut,subjectto
paragraph2,shallnotbeobligedtoacceptthedesignation
ofmorethanoneaircarrieronanyoneroute.
2.AMemberStateshallalsoacceptmultipledesignation
onacity-pairbasisbyanotherMemberState:
—inthefirstyearafterthenotificationofthisDecision,
onroutesonwhichmorethan250000passengerswere
carriedintheprecedingyear,
—inthesecondyear,onroutesonwhichmorethan
200000passengerswerecarriedintheprecedingyear
oronwhichtherearemorethan1200returnflights
perannum,
—inthethirdyear,onroutesonwhichmorethan
180000passengerswerecarriedintheprecedingyear
oronwhichtherearemorethan1000returnflights
perannum.Alicante,Salónica—Miera,
Athens,Turin,
Bilbao,Valencia,
Genoa,Venice.
3.Article3and4shallnotapplytoservicesbetweenan
airportincategory1andaregionalairportwhichare
providedbyaircraftwithnotmorethan70passenger
seats.
4.WhereanaircarrierofoneMemberStatehasbeen
authorizedinaccordancewiththisArticletooperatea
scheduledairservice,theStateofregistrationofthatair
carriershallraisenoobjectiontoanapplicationforthe
introductionofascheduledairserviceonthesamerouteby
anaircarrieroftheotherStateconcerned.3.TheprovisionsofthisArticlearesubjecttothosein
Articles3and4.
Routesbetweenhubandregionalairports5.TheprovisionsofthisArticleshallnotaffectaMember
State'srighttoregulatethedistributionoftrafficbetween
theairportswithinanairportsystem.
Article6
1.SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticles3,4and5,
Communityaircarriersshallbepermittedtointroduce
third-orfourth-freedom scheduledairservicesbetween
category1airportsorairportsystemsintheterritoryofone
MemberStateandregionalairportsintheterritoryof
anotherMemberState.Airportcategoriesarelistedin
AnnexII.Combinationofpoints
Article7
1.Inoperatingscheduledairservicestoorfromtwoor
morepointsinanotherMemberStateorStates,athird-or
fourth-freedom Communityaircarriershall,subjecttothe
provisionsofArticles3,4and5,bepermittedtocombine
scheduledairservices,providedthatnotrafficrightsare
exercisedbetweenthecombinedpoints.
2.Theprovisionsofparagraph1shallnotapplywithin
Spanishterritoryduringtheperiodofvalidityofthis
Decision.Similarly,aircarriersregisteredinSpainmaynot
availthemselvesofthoseprovisionsduringthatperiod.2.(i)Theprovisionsofparagraph1shallnotapply:
(a)toregionalairportsexemptedfromthe
provisionsofDirective83/416/EEC;
(b)forthedurationofthisDecisionto:
—thefollowingairportswhich,atthetimeof
notificationofthisDirection,handlefewer
than100000passengersperannumon
international scheduledairservices:
Aalborg,Seville,
Skrydstrup,
Fifth-freedom rightsSonderborg,Bergamo,
Billund,
Bologna,
Esbjerg,
Karup,
Odense,Stauning,
Thisted,Article8
Tirstrup, 1.WithoutprejudicetoArticle6(2),
carriershallbepermittedtooperateaCommunityair
afifth-freedom

31.12.87 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoL374/23
scheduledairservicewherethird-orfourth-freedom traffic
rightsexist,providedthattheservicemeetsthefollowing
conditions :
(a)itisauthorizedbytheStateofregistrationofthe
Communityaircarrierconcerned;
(b)itisoperatedasanextensionofaservicefrom,orasa
preliminaryofaserviceto,itsStateofregistration;
(c)withoutprejudicetoparagraph2itisoperatedbetween
twoairportsatleastoneofwhichisnotacategory1
airport;
and
(d)notmorethan30%ofthecarrier'sannualcapacityon
therouteconcernedmaybeusedforthecarriageof
fifth-freedompassengers.
2.Subjecttoparagraphs 1(a),(b)and(d),Irelandand
Portugalmayeachselectonecategory1,airportineachof
theotherMemberStatesandmayeachdesignateanair
carriertocarryfifth-freedomtrafficonservicesbetween
thoseairports,providedthatneitheroftheaircarriersso
designatedmayexercisesuchrightsatanyoneairporton
morethanonesuchroute.TheMemberStatesconcerned
neednotdesignatethesamecarrierforallroutesbutmay
forthispurposedesignateonlyonecarriertoeachother
MemberState.
3.ThisArticleshallnotapplyduringtheperiodof
validityofthisDecisiontoroutestoorfromSpanish
territory.Similarly,duringthesameperiodaircarriers
registeredinSpainmaynotclaimfifth-freedomrightson
thebasisoftheprovisionsinthisArticle.2.TheprovisionsofthisDecisionshallnotbeusedto
makeexistingcapacityormarketaccessarrangements
morerestrictive .
Article11
MemberStatesshallnotrequireaircarrierstoenterinto
agreementsorarrangementswithotheraircarriersrelating
toanyoftheprovisionsofthisDecision,norshallthey
forbidthemtodoso.
Article12
1.AfterconsultationwiththeCommission,Member
Statesshalltakethenecessarystepstocomplywiththis
Decisionnotlaterthan31December1987.
2.MemberStatesshallcommunicate totheCommission
allthelaws,regulationsandadministrative provisions
whichtheyadoptfortheapplicationofthisDecision.
Article13
1.Before1November1989,andeverytwoyears
thereafter,theCommissionshallpublishareportonthe
implementation ofthisDecision.
2.MemberStatesandtheCommissionshallcooperatein
implementing thisDecision,particularlyasregards
collectionofinformationforthereportreferredtoin
paragraph1.
3.Confidential information obtainedwithinthe
frameworkoftheimplementation ofthisDecisionshallbe
coveredbyprofessionalsecrecy.
Article14
TheCouncilshalldecideontherevisionofthisDecisionby
30June1990atthelatest,onthebasisofaCommission
proposaltobesubmittedby1November1989.
ArticleIS
ThisDecisionisaddressedtotheMemberStates.Generalprovisions
Article9
Notwithstanding Articles5to8,aMemberStateshallnot
beobligedtoauthorizeascheduledairserviceincases
where:
(a)theairportconcernedinthatStatehasinsufficient
facilitiestoaccommodatetheservice;
(b)navigationalaidsareinsufficienttoaccommodate the
service.
Article10
1.ThisDecisionshallnotpreventMemberStatesfrom
concludingarrangementswhicharemoreflexiblethanthe
provisionsofthisDecisionorfrommaintainingsuch
arrangements inforce.DoneatBrussels,14December1987
FortheCouncil
ThePresident
U.ELLEMANN-JENSEN

31.12 NoL374/24 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities
ANNEX1
AircarriersreferredtoinArticle2(f)(ii)
ThefollowingaircarriersmeetthecriteriareferredtoinArticle2(f)(ii)aslongastheyarerecognizedas
nationalcarriersbytheMemberStatewhichsorecognizesthematthetimeoftheadoptionofthisDecision:
—ScandinavianAirlinesSystem,
—BritanniaAirways,
—MonarchAirlines.

31.12.87 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities NoL374/25
ANNEXII
Listofairportcategories
Category1BELGIUM :
DENMARK :
GERMANY :
SPAIN:
GREECE :
FRANCE :
IRELAND :
ITALY:
NETHERLANDS :
PORTUGAL :
UNITEDKINGDOM :Brussels-Zaventem
Copenhagen-Kastrup /Roskilde
Frankfurt/Rhein-Main,Düsseldorf-Lohausen ,
Munich-Riem
Palma-Mallorca ,Madrid-Barajas,Malaga,
LasPalmas
Athens-Hellinikon ,Salonica-Micra
Paris-CharlesdeGaulle/Orly
Dublin
Rome-Fiumicino /Ciampino,Milan-Linate/Malpensa
Amsterdam-Schiphol
Lisbon,Faro
London-Heathrow /Gatwick/Stansted,Luton
Category2GERMANY :
SPAIN:
FRANCE :
IRELAND :
ITALY:
LUXEMBURG :
PORTUGAL :
UNITEDKINGDOM :Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel ,Stuttgart-Echterdingen ,
Cologne/Bonn
Tenerife-Sur,Barcelona,Ibiza,Alicante,Gerona
Marseilles-Marignane ,Nice-Coted'Azur,Lyon-
Satolas,Basle-Mulhouse
Shannon
Naples-Capodichino ,Venice-Tessera ,Catania-
Fontanarossa
Luxemburg-Findel
Funchal,Oporto
Manchester-Ringway ,Birmingham-Elmdon ,
Glasgow-Abbotsinch
Category3Allotherairportsofficiallyopentointernationalscheduledservices.

NoL374/26 OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities 31.12.87
Communication oftheGovernmentoftheFederalRepublicofGermany
TheCouncilhasreceivedthefollowingcommunication fromtheGovernmentoftheFederal
RepublicofGermany:
WhendepositingitsinstrumentsofratificationoftheTreatiesestablishingtheEuropean
Communities,theGovernmentoftheFederalRepublicofGermanydeclaredthattheseTreaties
appliedequallytoLandBerlin.Itdeclaredatthesametimethattherightsandresponsibilitiesof
France,theUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStatesinrespectofBerlinwereunaffected.Inviewof
thefactthatcivilaviationisoneoftheareasinwhichthesaidStateshavespecificallyreserved
powersforthemselvesinBerlin,andfollowingconsultationswiththeGovernmentsoftheseStates,
theGovernmentoftheFederalRepublicofGermanystatesthattheCouncilDirectiveonfaresfor
scheduledairservicesbetweenMemberStatesandtheCouncilDecisiononthesharingofpassenger
capacitybetweenaircarriersonscheduledairservicesbetweenMemberStatesandonaccessforair
carrierstoscheduledair-serviceroutesbetweenMemberStatesdonotcoverLandBerlinandthat
theCouncilRegulationlayingdowntheprocedurefortheapplicationoftherulesoncompetition
toundertakingsintheairtransportsectorandtheCouncilRegulationontheapplicationof
Article85(3)oftheTreatytocertaincategoriesofagreementsandconcernedpracticesintheair
transportsectorarenotapplicableinLandBerlin.