EN Official Journal of the European Union L 181/1

COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 639/2014

of 11 March 2014

supplementing Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing rules for direct payments to farmers under support schemes within the framework of the common agricultural policy and amending Annex X to that Regulation

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 establishing rules for direct payments to farmers under support schemes within the framework of the common agricultural policy and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 637/2008 and Council Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 (1), and in particular Articles 4(3), 8(3), 9(5), 35(1), (2) and (3), 36(6), 39(3), 43(12), 44(5), 45(5) and (6), 46(9), 50(11), 52(9), 57(3), 58(5), 59(3), 67(1) and (2) thereof,

Whereas:

(1) Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 has repealed and replaced Council Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 (2). Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 lays down a new legal framework consisting of a new system of direct support, including a basic payment for farmers and further support schemes. It empowers the Commission to adopt delegated and implementing acts. In order to ensure the smooth functioning of the schemes in the new legal framework, certain rules have to be adopted by means of such acts. In order to reduce administrative burden, these rules should be simple and easy to control. Those acts should replace the rules laid down in Commission Regulations (EC) No 1120/2009 (3) and (EC) No 1121/2009 (4).

(2) It is necessary to supplement that framework by means of this Regulation in relation to certain general provisions, the basic payment scheme, the single area payment scheme, the payment for farmers observing agricultural practices beneficial for the climate and the environment, the payment for young farmers commencing their agricultural activity, voluntary coupled support, the crop-specific payment for cotton and in relation to the notifications necessary with regard to each support scheme.

(3) For the purpose of ensuring the correct application of the adjustments of direct payments with respect to financial discipline, it is necessary to lay down general rules on the sequence for the calculation of such reductions in relation to reductions under Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (5).

(4) In line with the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (6), it is appropriate to clarify that Member States, when adopting measures to implement Union law, should exercise their discretion in compliance with certain principles, including in particular the principle of non-discrimination.

(5) Support other than coupled support should respect the requirements to be considered as decoupled income support in the meaning of the ‘Green Box’ of the Agreement on Agriculture concluded during the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations (7), and coupled support should respect the requirements to be considered as falling within the ‘Blue Box’ of that Agreement.

(6) In accordance with Article 4(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, an ‘agricultural activity’ does not require production, rearing or growing of agricultural products. Farmers may instead maintain an agricultural area in a state which makes it suitable for grazing or cultivation without preparatory action going beyond usual agricultural methods and machineries or, on agricultural areas naturally kept in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation, carry out a certain minimum activity. As the latter two activities both require a certain action on the part of the farmer, it is necessary to establish a Union framework within which Member States are to establish the further criteria for those activities.

(7) For environmental reasons, the definition of ‘permanent grassland’ in Article 4(1)(h) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 also includes non-herbaceous species such as shrubs and/or trees, which can be grazed, provided that the grasses and other herbaceous forage remain predominant on the relevant land. It is therefore necessary to determine a criterion for establishing in which cases grasses and other herbaceous forage remain predominant.

(8) That definition of ‘permanent grassland’ allows Member States to consider as permanent grassland also land which can be grazed and which forms part of established local practices where grasses and other herbaceous forage are traditionally not predominant in grazing areas. For that purpose, it is necessary to lay down criteria on the basis of which such established local practices can be determined.

(9) In accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 4(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, Member States may consider as permanent grassland land which can be grazed and which forms part of established local practices where grasses and other herbaceous forage are traditionally not predominant in grazing areas. Such permanent grassland may be subject to a reduction coefficient according to Article 32(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013. In order to ensure the proportionate application of that provision, it is appropriate to provide for a possibility to distinguish between different categories of areas in order to apply different reduction coefficients to such categories.

(10) Article 9(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 requires that no direct payments are granted to natural or legal persons, or to groups of natural or legal persons, whose agricultural areas are mainly areas naturally kept in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation and who do not carry out on those areas the minimum activity defined by Member States. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine when such areas are to be considered as the main part of a farmer’s agricultural land and to clarify the scope of application of that provision.

(11) According to Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, entities falling within the scope of the so-called negative list are to be considered active farmers if they are able to prove that they meet one of the criteria listed in that provision. One of these criteria consists of demonstrating that the annual amount of direct payments is at least 5 % of the total receipts obtained from non-agricultural activities. It is therefore necessary to lay down provisions for establishing whether receipts stem from agricultural or non-agricultural activities.

(12) Furthermore, it is necessary to lay down rules on how the annual amount of direct payments is to be determined for the purposes of Article 9(2) and, where appropriate, of Article 9(3), as well as for the purposes of Article 9(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, which exempts certain farmers from the application of Article 9(2) and (3) of that Regulation. In order to ensure the equal treatment of farmers in Bulgaria, Croatia and Romania, where direct payments are subject to phasing-in, in those Member States the annual amount of direct payments should be based on the final amounts to be granted at the end of the phasing-in process.

(13) In accordance with Article 9(2) and, where applicable, Article 9(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 farmers may be excluded from support where their agricultural activities are insignificant or where their principal business or company objects do not consist of exercising an agricultural activity. It is necessary to define certain criteria in this respect, while giving Member States a possibility to establish alternative criteria to target agricultural activities which are only marginal.

(14) Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 provides for several possibilities for the allocation of payment entitlements to farmers. For the sake of legal certainty, it should be provided that, in case of an actual or anticipated inheritance, or revocable anticipated inheritance, mergers or scissions of a holding, the number and value of payment entitlements to be received are established under the same conditions as would have applied for the farmer originally managing the holding. It is further necessary to provide rules on how to establish the number of payment entitlements to be allocated in case of holdings resulting from a scission where those holdings are situated in Member States applying Article 24(4) or (5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013. For the sake of legitimate expectations of farmers, changes of the legal status of a farmer should not have an impact on the number or value of payment entitlements the farmer may receive where such a farmer remains in control over the holding in terms of management, benefits and financial risks.

(15) For the sake of legal certainty and in order to ensure the proper management of payment entitlements, it is necessary to clarify that only those eligible hectares which are determined pursuant to point (23)(a) of the second subparagraph of Article 2(1) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 640/2014 (8) should be considered for allocation and activation of payment entitlements.

(16) In line with the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (9), payment entitlements should be allocated to the person enjoying decision-making power, benefits and financial risks in relation to the agricultural activity on the land for which such allocation is requested. It is appropriate to clarify that this principle applies in particular where an eligible hectare is subject to an application for allocation of payment entitlements by more than one farmer.

(17) Article 24(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 allows Member States to apply a reduction coefficient to certain eligible hectares under permanent grassland located in areas with difficult climate conditions, especially due to the altitude and other natural constraints. In order to ensure the proportionate application of that provision, it is appropriate to establish a framework for the application of such a reduction coefficient, in particular as regards the limits for such reduction.

(18) Article 9 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 lays down the basic principle that only active farmers may receive direct payments. Furthermore, Article 24(9) of that Regulation allows Member States to fix a minimum size per holding for the allocation of payment entitlements. It is appropriate to take these provisions into account also in the context of the determination of the value of payment entitlements.

(19) When support granted for calendar year 2014 is taken into account pursuant to Article 26 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to determine the initial unit value of payment entitlements, it should be clarified that Member States may decide not to take account of all measures listed in that provision. In order to avoid any undue penalisation of farmers, the reference amounts relevant for the determination of the value of payment entitlements should not include any reductions or exclusions established pursuant to Chapter 4 of Title II of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009. It is appropriate to specify how that support is to be taken into account and to lay down further criteria necessary in order to respect the decoupled nature of certain schemes which may be taken into account.

(20) Furthermore, for the purpose of determining the initial unit value of payment entitlements, it is necessary to clarify that in Article 26(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, payment entitlements held by a farmer include also those payment entitlements which are leased out to another farmer on the date of submission of the lessor’s application for 2014.

(21) In order to allow for a prediction of income support for farmers, it is appropriate to set a deadline by which Member States need to establish and communicate to farmers the definitive value and number of payment entitlements where farmers were informed on the basis of provisional data.

(22) For the purposes of Article 26 or Article 40(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, where a farmer was affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances during the reference year referred to in those Articles, it is appropriate to establish the value of the payment entitlements on the basis of the last year not affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances. Member States should however be allowed to set a certain threshold in terms of impact of force majeure or exceptional circumstances on the direct support received in the reference year in order to reduce the administrative burden.

(23) For the sale or lease of a holding or part of it that took place in the period before the date for lodging an application for allocation of entitlements in the first year of application of the scheme, it should be provided that Member States may decide that farmers may transfer by contract the payment entitlements to be allocated together with the holding or part of it. Under such a private contract clause, the payment entitlements should be allocated to the seller or lessor, respectively, and directly transferred to the buyer or lessee respectively, who will benefit where applicable from taking the payments which the seller or the lessor, respectively, received for 2014 or from the value of the entitlements that the seller or lessor owned in 2014 as referred to in Article 26 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 as a reference for the initial unit value of payment entitlements. It should further be clarified that Article 34(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 is not to be applied to such transfers.

(24) As regards the calculation of the unit value of the payment entitlements, clear rules should be laid down concerning the rounding-up of figures, the possibility to split existing payment entitlements where the size of the parcel which is declared or transferred with the entitlement only amounts to a fraction of hectares, and the possibility to merge entitlements and fractions.

(25) For the sake of legal certainty, it is appropriate to set a deadline by which the regions referred to in Article 34(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 are to be set up.

(26) Specific provisions for the management of the national or regional reserves should be laid down.

(27) It is necessary to lay down criteria and maximum percentages for the application of Article 34(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 in order to prevent that any reduction under that provision results in a substantial obstacle or prohibition of transfer of payment entitlements.

(28) For reasons of legal certainty, it is appropriate to clarify the determination of the amount that may be reverted to the national or regional reserve pursuant to Article 28 or 40(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 when establishing payment entitlements in the first year of implementation of the basic payment scheme.

(29) Article 30 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 provides for compulsory and optional cases of allocation of payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve. It is appropriate to lay down rules for the calculation of the number and value of the payment entitlements to be allocated in such a way and to provide that priorities established in Article 30(6) of that Regulation are not undermined by the decisions Member States are allowed to take under Article 30(7) and (10) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013. Similarly, application of Article 30(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 should be coherent with Article 24(6) and (7) of that Regulation and with the rules on hardship in this Regulation. In order to ensure the decoupled nature of the basic payment scheme, the calculation of the number and value of the payment entitlements under the national or regional reserve should not be based on sector-specific criteria after the date fixed by the Member State in accordance with Article 11(2) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1122/2009 (10) for claim year 2013.

(30) For the sake of legal certainty and in order to ensure equal treatment of farmers commencing their agricultural activity, it is appropriate to clarify the notion of ‘farmers commencing their agricultural activity’ referred to in Article 30(11)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

(31) Where Member States allocate payment entitlements pursuant to Article 30(7)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the value of such entitlements should be calculated in accordance with Article 25 or 40 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

(32) Article 24(3) to (7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 provides Member States with several possibilities to limit the number of payment entitlements to be allocated to farmers. Certain farmers may thus have a high proportion of eligible hectares not covered by payment entitlements which may lead to hardship cases as certain support schemes accessory to the basic payment scheme, in particular the payment for agricultural practices beneficial for the climate and environment, are based on the eligible hectares declared for the purpose of activation of payment entitlements. Therefore, it should be clarified that Member States have the possibility to allocate payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve when a farmer is significantly affected by the limitations provided for in Article 24(3) to (7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013. As certain areas are not subject to greening obligations or only involve limited costs of compliance with greening, Member States should further be allowed to decide not to include such areas when determining hardship cases.

(33) Pursuant to Article 21(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, payment entitlements held by a farmer (owned or leased-in) in excess of the eligible hectares at his disposal expire. For reasons of legal certainty, it is appropriate to clarify the order of priority of expiry of those payment entitlements and to define further rules on implementation. Moreover it is appropriate to give Member States the possibility to take this provision into account also in the context of the determination of the value of payment entitlements.

(34) Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 provides that the basic payment in certain Member States may be implemented in the form of the single area payment scheme until the year 2020 at the latest. Having regard to the fact that the single area payment per hectare is calculated every year and that the eligibility to the basic payment is a precondition for access to most of the other direct payment schemes and thus intrinsically connected with them, it is necessary to clarify that only those eligible hectares, which are determined pursuant to point (23)(a) of the second subparagraph of Article 2(1) of Delegated Regulation (EU) No 640/2014 are to be taken into account for the purposes of the relevant schemes.

(35) Member State applying the single area payment scheme and applying the basic payment scheme as from 1 January 2018 at the latest may differentiate the single area payment per hectare taking into account certain payments granted for calendar year 2014. For the purpose of that differentiation, it is appropriate to specify how those payments should be taken into account and to lay down further criteria necessary in order to respect the decoupled nature of certain schemes. Moreover, where a farmer was affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances affecting calendar year 2014, it is appropriate to establish the differentiation on the basis of the last year not affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances. Member States should however be allowed to set a certain threshold in terms of impact of force majeure or exceptional circumstances on the direct support received in the reference year in order to reduce the administrative burden. In addition, for the sake of legal certainty, rules should be provided for the case of an actual or anticipated inheritance.

(36) Chapter 3 of Title III of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 establishes the conditions for the granting of the payment for agricultural practices beneficial for the climate and the environment (‘greening’ payment). The requirements tied to the greening payment as stipulated in the basic act are generalised (applicable following the same pattern for all beneficiaries) and provide for non-contractual actions, globally ensuring that EU agriculture is based on practices going beyond the requirements of cross compliance. These principles laid down in the basic act shall be taken into account when specifying the detailed rules concerning the greening practices.

(37) In order to have an appropriate level of assurance as regards the obligations set by Article 43(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 relating to equivalent practices covered by national or regional certification schemes, criteria should be established as regards the designation of public or private certification authorities.

(38) In order to respect the principle of no double funding, rules for the calculation of the payments for some specific commitments covering practices referred to in points 3 and 4 of Section I and point 7 of Section III of Annex IX to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 need to be provided for. As those commitments concern equivalent practices that allow farmers taking up such commitments to fulfil one or more obligations in order to receive the ‘greening’ payment referred to in Chapter 3 of Title III of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the payments for those commitments, compared to the normal payment provided for under Article 28(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (11), should be reduced by an amount that is to be calculated on the basis of the level of the greening payment in the Member State or region concerned or in specific cases based on the individual greening payment of the farmer.

(39) Article 44 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 lays down obligations with respect to the number of crops and the relative shares of crops on arable land. Rules concerning the precise calculation of the shares of different crops need to be established.

(40) Rules on the period that will be taken into account for the calculation of the relative share of crops should be set, taking account of the practical timing of crop cultivation activities and the need to allow a simple administration.

(41) For the sake of clarity for farmers and Member States and to contribute to the protection of landscape elements situated within arable fields, it is necessary to clarify the situation with respect to the area occupied by landscape features.

(42) For the purpose of calculating the shares of different crops, it is also necessary to lay down supplementary rules for the specific cases of mixed cropping in distinct rows, under-sowing and the use of seed mixtures.

(43) Article 45(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 lays down obligations which aim at preserving the permanent grassland areas that contribute most to the protection of the environment and in particular carbon sequestration, biodiversity and soil protection. Such grasslands, which constitute areas of high environmental interest, are located within but also outside of the Natura 2000 network. For those which are located outside, it is necessary in order to secure their effective protection, to establish a framework for Member States for their designation which should allow them to take account of conditions in the Member State and should build on the synergy with existing environmental policies.

(44) In order to provide for the protection of such permanent grassland areas over the years, rules should be established on the reconversion of such areas in case of a breach of the strict protection by the farmer.

(45) Article 45(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 provides for the protection of the share of permanent grassland compared to the total agricultural area. In order to achieve this goal, Member States should monitor the evolution of the share of permanent grassland. They should be allowed to establish a system of prior authorisation. Individual reconversions and a prohibition of further conversions should be required in case of a decrease beyond 5 %. For the sake of clarity and in order to have a proportionate implementation, rules should be established on the farmers and areas that are to be subject to authorisations and reconversions.

(46) In order to have an effective use of the authorisation procedure for the conversion of permanent grassland, Member States should be granted the flexibility to select priority areas or groups of farmers for the granting of the authorisation based on objective criteria.

(47) Rules should be provided for the method to determine the ratio of permanent grassland to agricultural land in order to avoid situations in which permanent grassland areas are counted twice due to the practice to have grassland in a long rotation and to avoid that the conversions by small and organic farmers, that are exempted from obligations to reconvert, have a direct impact on the reconversion obligation of other farmers. Member States should be allowed to adapt their reference ratio in justified cases.

(48) Article 46 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 lists the features and areas that can be applied as ecological focus area by Member States. Further criteria to qualify those features and areas as ecological focus areas need to be laid down. In order to meet the biodiversity objective, those criteria should ensure the safeguarding and improvement of biodiversity on farms. Those criteria should also take into account the efforts already made by farmers.

(49) On land lying fallow, the requirement of having no production, which will result in limiting the application of pesticides or fertilisers, should not exclude voluntary actions such as the seeding of wildflower mixtures with a view to improve the biodiversity benefits. It should be clarified that the land lying fallow for more than five years for the purpose of the ecological focus area requirement is to remain arable land and does not fall under the definition of permanent grassland.

(50) As regards terraces, given the variety in their construction across the Union, it should be up to Member States to define detailed conditions based on national or regional specificities, taking account of their value for biodiversity.

(51) For the sake of clarity, landscape features that count as ecological focus area should be listed and the link with features already protected in Member States under cross compliance should be clarified. For some features, a minimum or maximum size should be established in order to help their identification and help guarantee that the area is predominantly agricultural.

(52) Buffer strips, to be located near the border of arable fields along water courses or within fields higher upon a slope, are beneficial for the purpose of reducing runoff to surface waters of pollutants. In the interest of biodiversity benefits, it should be provided that all those areas counted as ecological focus area may not be used for production, which will also avoid the application of pesticides and limit the application of fertilisers. In order to further enhance the biodiversity benefits, voluntary actions such as the seeding of wildflower mixtures should not be excluded. Member States should be able to decide whether or not on buffer strips grazing and cutting for forage is allowed.

(53) As regards hectares of agro-forestry, it should be clarified that the areas to be taken into account are the areas of arable land that are located in an area under an agro-forestry system that is still fulfilling the conditions under which it receives or received rural development support. Member States that select those areas for the fulfilment of the ecological focus area obligation should take the biodiversity objective into account when establishing the additional conditions for receiving support for the establishment of agro-forestry systems in their rural development programmes.

(54) As regards strips of eligible hectares along forest edges, it should be up to the Member States to decide whether to establish a requirement of no cultivation which will avoid the use of inputs on a set strip adjacent to the forest in order to create a buffering transition to the bordering forest. Such a requirement will provide a higher value of ecological focus area which should be reflected in a differentiated value for the weighting factor for this type of area.

(55) The limited use of inputs needed for the cultivation of short rotation coppice results in indirect benefits for biodiversity. For that purpose, Member States should lay down the conditions that apply to this type of ecological focus area, by specifying the list of tree species that may be used and the rules as regards the use of inputs.

(56) In order to allow an implementation that is adapted to national conditions and for an optimal use of the capacity of catch crops and green cover to effectively take up residual nitrogen and with a view to avoiding bare soil and diffuse pollution in groundwater, Member States should fix the dates for the sowing of such covers. Catch crops or green covers should be established by sowing of a mixture of crop species or by under-sowing of grass in order to optimise the agronomic and environmental outcome in terms of biodiversity. Member States may establish in the scope of GAEC 4 as referred to in Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013, the dates after which mechanical destruction of the catch crops and the green cover is allowed.

(57) As regards areas with nitrogen-fixing crop, Member States should lay down rules that will avoid that the growing of nitrogen-fixing crops on ecological focus areas would lead to increased nitrogen leaching and deteriorated water quality, which would not be compatible with the objectives of Council Directive 91/676/EEC (12) and Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (13) and would compromise the biodiversity objective. Member States should also establish the list of nitrogen-fixing crops that are considered to contribute to improving biodiversity.

(58) In order to maximise the benefits of having ecological focus area on arable land and to ensure that ecological focus areas cover the percentage provided for in Article 46(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, it should be clearly laid down, in the interest of an efficient management, that a parcel or a landscape feature is not to be counted twice the same year for complying with the ecological focus area requirement.

(59) Article 46(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 allows Member States to implement up to 50 % of the individual ecological focus area requirement at regional level. In order to ensure that such regional implementation brings additional benefits from an environmental and landscape point of view and contributes to the implementation of the Green Infrastructure Strategy (14), rules should be introduced on the features that may be used to build up adjacent ecological focus areas. Rules should also be laid down as regards the designation of areas with the aim of creating synergies in the implementation of agricultural and environmental policies of the Union.

(60) For the purpose of the decision to be taken by Member States granting the possibility for farmers to implement collectively half of their individual ecological focus area obligation as provided for in Article 46(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, rules should be introduced that are similar to the rules on the regional implementation as regards the features that may be used to build up adjacent ecological focus areas to guarantee added value for the environment and contribution to the enhancement of green infrastructure. Rules on the criteria to be met by the farmers should provide that their holdings need to be located in close proximity while leaving flexibility for Member States to take account of different administrative structures. For the sake of legal clarity, rules should be laid down on the content of the written agreement to be concluded between participants with the aim of setting the rights and obligations of each of them.

(61) As regards the possibility for certain Member States to exempt farmers in heavily forested areas from the ecological focus area obligation, rules should be established which provide clarity as to the methods and the data to be used for the calculation of the ratio of forest to the total land surface area and the ratio of forest to agricultural land.

(62) Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 lays down eligibility conditions for the payment for young farmers. In particular, the payment is subject to the condition that the young farmer is setting up for the first time an agricultural holding as head of the holding, or has already set up such a holding during the five years preceding the first application for the payment, and that the farmer is no more than 40 years of age in the year of submitting the first application for the payment. In the case of legal persons it is appropriate that these conditions are fulfilled by all natural persons exercising effective and long-term control over the legal person as defined by the Court of Justice of the European Union (15). It is further necessary to clarify which conditions are to be fulfilled by the legal person and the natural person(s) in control of that legal person.

(63) In order to avoid possible circumvention of the payment for young farmers, it should be provided that the payment is granted to a legal person only for as long as at least one of the natural persons having control over the legal person in the first year of application for payment under the scheme remains in such control. For the purposes of determining the maximum period for payment pursuant to Article 50(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, it is necessary to set rules for cases where a legal person is controlled by more than one natural person.

(64) With a view to avoiding discrimination between legal persons and a group of natural persons applying for the young farmers scheme, equivalent rules should be applied to a group of natural persons as referred to in Article 4(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 if the applications for the basic payment and the young farmer scheme are made by that group and not by its individual members.

(65) Chapter 1 of Title IV of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 provides for the possibility to grant voluntary coupled support to farmers. The conditions for granting the support referred to in that Chapter should be laid down.

(66) Pursuant to Article 52(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, voluntary coupled support may only be granted to those sectors or to those regions of a Member State where specific types of farming or specific agricultural sectors undergo certain difficulties and are particularly important for economic and/or social and/or environmental reasons. Furthermore, pursuant to Article 52(5) and (6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, voluntary coupled support may only be granted to the extent necessary to create an incentive to maintain current levels of production in the regions or sectors concerned. It should take the form of an annual payment and should be granted within defined quantitative limits and based on fixed areas and yields or on a fixed number of animals. In order to ensure that measures under voluntary coupled support are well-targeted and managed whilst allowing Member States to design voluntary couple support according to their needs, provision should be made to assign Member States the responsibility of defining the regions and/or types of farming eligible for support and fixing quantitative limits, as well as the appropriate level of support. In order to avoid market distortions, the payments should not, however, be based on fluctuations of market prices or be equivalent to a deficiency payments system whereby agricultural domestic support is paid by Member States to farmers based on the difference between a target price and a domestic market price.

(67) Pursuant to the Memorandum of Understanding between the European Economic Community and the United States of America on oil seeds within the framework of the GATT (16), a separate base area should be fixed for producers benefiting from payments for oilseeds referred to in the Annex to that Memorandum of Understanding. Given that oilseeds are included in the list of sectors and productions eligible for the voluntary coupled support, it is appropriate to introduce in this support scheme a maximum area at Union level for oilseeds referred to in that Memorandum of Understanding for the purpose of ensuring compliance with this international commitment. In case of overshoot of this maximum area, the Member States should adjust the area notified by applying a reduction coefficient calculated and communicated to them by the Commission.

(68) In accordance with Article 52(8) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, consistency between voluntary coupled support granted under that Article and other Union support measures or measures financed by State aids is required. For an orderly management of the schemes and in order to avoid any double funding, similar measures should not be financed twice under both voluntary coupled support and other Union support schemes. Due to the diversity of choices available to Member States when implementing the voluntary coupled support, they should be responsible for ensuring such consistency within the framework laid down by Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and in conformity with the conditions laid down in this Regulation.

(69) Pursuant to Article 55(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the Commission is to approve the decision referred to in Article 53(4) or, where appropriate, in Article 53(6)(a) of that Regulation, where one of certain needs in the region or sector concerned is demonstrated. In order to ensure the correct application of that Article, provision should be made for specifying the criteria applicable to those needs.

(70) Chapter 2 of Title IV of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 provides for a crop-specific payment for cotton. The Commission should lay down the rules and conditions for the authorisation of agricultural land and varieties for the purposes of that payment. Furthermore, rules on eligibility requirements should be laid down. It is an objective requirement when the land is to be sown in such a way as to achieve a minimum planting density to be fixed by the Member States on the basis of soil and climate conditions and specific regional features. The establishment of specific rules on agronomic practices should be left to the Member States.

(71) Member States should approve inter-branch cotton producing organisations on the basis of objective criteria relating to their scale and internal organisation. The scale of an inter-branch organisation should be fixed, taking into account the requirement on the member ginning undertaking to be able to take delivery of sufficient quantities of unginned cotton.

(72) In order to avoid complications in managing the aid scheme, a producer may not be a member of more than one inter-branch organisation. For that same reason, where a producer belonging to an inter-branch organisation undertakes to supply the cotton he has produced, he should supply it only to a ginning undertaking belonging to that same organisation.

(73) For the purpose of monitoring the correct application of the rules laid down in Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and of evaluating policy implementation, it is necessary to lay down notification obligations for Member States, in particular as regards the information to be notified by them on their decisions made in accordance with Titles II to V of that Regulation.

(74) More in particular as regards voluntary coupled support, it is necessary to further specify the content of the information to be notified by the Member States for the sake of ensuring the correct application of the rules on that support and in order to make such notifications efficient, so as to enable the Commission to verify that Member States respect the requirements on consistency and non-cumulation of support as well as the maximum percentages of the national ceilings referred to in Article 53 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and related total amounts when designing the support measures.

(75) Member States may decide to grant national aid under certain conditions. In order to verify that such aid is granted within the limits established, it is appropriate to lay down an obligation to submit to the Commission annual reports on certain details relating to the aid granted.

(76) The Commission should, where appropriate, be informed of any decisions resulting from a review of decisions notified in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 or this Regulation, in order to enable the Commission to monitor the correct application and impact of such review. It is therefore necessary to lay down rules on notification obligations in that respect.

(77) Annex X to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 contains a table intended to set out the conversion and weighing factors referred to in Article 46(3) of that Regulation for the different types of ecological focus areas. At the time of adoption of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 that table was left blank. Therefore, that Annex needs to be adapted. Conversion factors should be based on experience acquired with measurement and specificities of features. The weighting factors should consist of three different values, acknowledging the differences in terms of importance for biodiversity. Annex X to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 should therefore be amended accordingly. For the purpose of the calculation of the ecological focus area, the conversion and weighting factors should also apply to features covered by equivalent practices insofar as these are the same as the features listed in that Annex.

(78) For the sake of clarity and legal certainty, Regulations (EC) No 1120/2009 and (EC) No 1121/2009 should be repealed.

(79) This Regulation should apply with respect to aid applications relating to calendar years subsequent to calendar year 2014,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

CHAPTER 1

SCOPE AND GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 1

Scope and general principles

Article 1

Scope

This Regulation lays down provisions supplementing certain non-essential elements of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 in relation to:

(a) general provisions on direct payments;

(b) the basic payment scheme;

(c) the single area payment scheme;

(d) the payment for farmers observing agricultural practices beneficial for the climate and the environment;

(e) the payment for young farmers commencing their agricultural activity;

(f) voluntary coupled support;

(g) the crop-specific payment for cotton;

(h) notification obligations of Member States.

Article 2

General principles

1. Member States shall implement this Regulation in accordance with objective criteria and in such a way as to ensure the equal treatment of farmers and to avoid distortions of the market and of competition, while promoting a sustainable management of natural resources and climate action.

2. Member States shall ensure that all conditions for support implemented under this Regulation are verifiable and controllable.

3. Member States shall implement this Regulation:

(a) in respect of support other than coupled support, respecting the requirements set out in paragraphs 1, 5 and 6 of Annex 2 to the Agreement on Agriculture; and

(b) in respect of coupled support, respecting the requirements of Article 6(5) of the Agreement on Agriculture.

Article 3

Reductions due to financial discipline

Reductions due to financial discipline provided for in Article 8 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 shall be applied to the sum of the payments from the different direct support schemes listed in Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to which each farmer is entitled to after the application of the withdrawals and administrative penalties relating to direct payments pursuant to Chapter IV of Title II of Delegated Regulation (EU) No 640/2014 and before the application of administrative penalties in relation to cross-compliance pursuant to Chapter II of Title IV of that Delegated Regulation.

SECTION 2

Provisions related to definitions in Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

Article 4

Framework for criteria on maintaining the agricultural area in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation

1. For the purposes of the point (ii) of Article 4(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the criteria that farmers are to meet in order to fulfil the obligation to maintain the agricultural area in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation without preparatory action going beyond usual agricultural methods and machineries shall be established by Member States in either or both of the following ways:

(a) Member States require at least one annual activity to be carried out by a farmer. Where justified for environmental reasons, Member States may decide to recognise also activities that are carried out only every second year;

(b) Member States set out the characteristics to be met by an agricultural area in order to be deemed maintained in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation.

2. When establishing criteria referred to in paragraph 1, Member States may distinguish between different types of agricultural areas.

Article 5

Framework for minimum activities on agricultural areas naturally kept in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation

For the purposes of the point (iii) of Article 4(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the minimum activity to be established by the Member States that is to be carried out on agricultural areas naturally kept in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation shall be at least one annual activity to be carried out by a farmer. Where justified for environmental reasons, Member States may decide to recognise also activities that are carried out only every second year.

Article 6

Predominance of grasses and other herbaceous forage in case of permanent grassland

For the purposes of Article 4(1)(h) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, grasses and other herbaceous forage shall be deemed to remain predominant where they cover more than 50 % of the eligible area at the level of the agricultural parcel within the meaning of Article 67(4)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

Article 7

Established local practices in case of permanent grassland

For the purposes of Article 4(1)(h) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, established local practices shall be any or a combination of the following:

(a) practices for areas for livestock grazing which are traditional in character and are commonly applied on the areas concerned;

(b) practices which are important for the conservation of habitats listed in Annex I to Council Directive 92/43/EEC (17) and of biotopes and habitats covered by Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (18).

Article 8

Reduction coefficient according to Article 32(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

When applying Article 32(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for permanent grassland which can be grazed and which forms part of established local practices where grasses and other herbaceous forage are traditionally not predominant in grazing areas, Member States may distinguish between different categories of areas in order to apply different reduction coefficients to such categories.

Article 9

Production of hemp

For the purposes of Article 32(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the eligibility of areas used for the production of hemp shall be subject to the use of seed of the varieties listed in the ‘Common Catalogue of Varieties of Agricultural Plant Species’ on 15 March of the year in respect of which the payment is granted and published in accordance with Article 17 of Council Directive 2002/53/EC (19). The seed shall be certified in accordance with Council Directive 2002/57/EC (20).

SECTION 3

Active farmer

Article 10

Cases where agricultural areas are mainly areas naturally kept in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation

1. For the purposes of Article 9(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, a natural or legal person, or a group of natural or legal persons, shall be considered as having agricultural areas which are mainly areas naturally kept in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation, where such areas represent more than 50 % of all agricultural area declared in accordance with Article 72(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

2. Article 9(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 shall not apply to a natural or legal person, or a group of natural or legal persons who carry out, on areas naturally kept in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation, an agricultural activity within the meaning of the point (i) of Article 4(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

Article 11

Receipts obtained from non-agricultural activities

1. For the purposes of point (a) of the third subparagraph of Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and, where appropriate, Article 13 of this Regulation, receipts obtained from agricultural activities shall be those receipts that have been received by a farmer from his agricultural activity within the meaning of Article 4(1)(c) of that Regulation on his holding, including the Union support under the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD), as well as any national aid granted for agricultural activities, except complementary national direct payments pursuant to Articles 18 and 19 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

Receipts from processing of agricultural products within the meaning of Article 4(1)(d) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 of the holding shall be deemed as receipts from agricultural activities provided that the products processed remain the ownership of the farmer and that such processing results in another agricultural product within the meaning of Article 4(1)(d) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

Any other receipts shall be considered to be receipts from non-agricultural activities.

2. For the purposes of paragraph 1, ‘receipts’ means gross receipts before deduction of related costs and taxes.

3. The Union support referred to in paragraph 1 shall be calculated:

(a) in Bulgaria and Romania, for the year 2015, on the basis of the relevant amount set out in point A of Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013;

(b) in Croatia, for each year referred to in Article 17 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, on the basis of the amount set out in point A of Annex VI to that Regulation.

Article 12

Amount of direct payments referred to in Article 9(2) and (4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and in Article 13(2) of this Regulation

1. The annual amount of direct payments of a farmer referred to in point (a) of the third subparagraph of Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and, where appropriate, in Article 13(2) of this Regulation, shall be the total amount of direct payments to which the farmer was entitled in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for the most recent fiscal year for which evidence on receipts from non-agricultural activities is available. That amount shall be calculated without taking into account the application of Articles 63 and 91(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

Where the most recent fiscal year referred to in the first subparagraph is 2014 or earlier, the annual amount of direct payments shall be the total amount of direct payments to which the farmer was entitled in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 before the reductions and exclusions provided for in Articles 21 and 23 of that Regulation.

2. Where a farmer did not submit an aid application for direct payments in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 in the most recent fiscal year referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 1, Member States shall establish the total amount of direct payments referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 by multiplying the number of eligible hectares declared by that farmer in the year of submitting the aid application in accordance with Article 72(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 by the national average direct support payment per hectare for the year referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 1.

The national average direct support payment per hectare referred to in the first subparagraph shall be established by dividing the national ceiling set out in Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for that year by the total number of eligible hectares declared in that Member State for that year in accordance with Article 72(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

Where the year referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 is 2014 or earlier, the national average direct support payment per hectare referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph shall be established by dividing the national ceiling set out in Annex VIII to Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 of that year by the total number of eligible hectares declared in that Member State for that year in accordance with Article 19(1)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009.

3. The amount of direct payments of a farmer referred to in Article 9(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 shall be the total amount of direct payments to which the farmer was entitled in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 before the application of Articles 63 and 91(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 for the previous year.

Where the year referred to in the first subparagraph is 2014, the amount of direct payments shall be the total amount of direct payments for the year 2014 to which the farmer was entitled pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 before the reductions and exclusions provided for in Articles 21 and 23 of that Regulation.

4. Where a farmer did not submit an aid application for direct payments in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for the previous year as referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 3, Member States shall establish the total amount of direct payments referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 3 by multiplying the number of eligible hectares declared by that farmer in the year of submitting the aid application in accordance with Article 72(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 by the national average direct support payment per hectare for the previous year.

The national average direct support payment per hectare referred to in the first subparagraph shall be established by dividing the national ceiling set out in Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for that year by the total number of eligible hectares declared in that Member State for that year in accordance with Article 72(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

Where the previous year referred to in first subparagraph of paragraph 3 is 2014, Member States shall establish the annual amount of direct payments of that farmer by multiplying the number of eligible hectares declared by that farmer for the year 2015 in accordance with Article 72(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 by the national average direct support payment per hectare for the year 2014.

The national average direct support payment per hectare for the year 2014 shall be established by dividing the national ceiling for the year 2014 set out in Annex VIII to Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 by the total number of eligible hectares declared in that Member State for the year 2014 in accordance with Article 19(1)(a) of that Regulation.

5. The total amount of direct payments referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be calculated:

(a) in Bulgaria and Romania, for the year 2015, on the basis of the relevant amount set out in point A of Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013;

(b) in Croatia, for each year referred to in Article 17 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, on the basis of the amount set out in point A of Annex VI to that Regulation.

Article 13

Criteria for proving that agricultural activities are not insignificant and that the principal business or company objects consist of exercising an agricultural activity

1. For the purposes of point (b) of the third subparagraph of Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, agricultural activities are not insignificant if the total receipts obtained from agricultural activities within the meaning of Article 11 of this Regulation in the most recent fiscal year for which such evidence is available represent at least one third of the total receipts obtained in the most recent fiscal year for which such evidence is available.

Member States may decide to set the threshold for the total receipts obtained from agricultural activities at a level lower than one third provided that such lower threshold does not allow natural or legal persons with marginal agricultural activities to be considered as active farmers.

By way of derogation from the first and second subparagraphs, Member States may establish alternative criteria allowing an entity to demonstrate that its agricultural activities are not insignificant pursuant to point (b) of the third subparagraph of Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

2. For the purposes of point (a) of Article 9(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, Member States may decide that agricultural activities form only an insignificant part of the overall economic activities of a natural or legal person, or a group of natural or legal persons, by using the following methods:

(a) the annual amount of direct payments is less than 5 % of the total receipts obtained from non-agricultural activities within the meaning of Article 11 of this Regulation in the most recent fiscal year for which such evidence is available;

(b) the total amount of receipts obtained from agricultural activities within the meaning of Article 11 of this Regulation in the most recent fiscal year for which such evidence is available is lower than a threshold to be decided by Member States and not exceeding one third of the total amount of receipts obtained in the most recent fiscal year for which such evidence is available.

By way of derogation from the first subparagraph, Member States may establish alternative criteria according to which agricultural activities are to be considered insignificant pursuant to point (a) of Article 9(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

3. For the purposes of point (c) of the third subparagraph of Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and, where appropriate, point (b) of Article 9(3) of that Regulation, an agricultural activity shall be considered to be the principal business or company object of a legal person if recorded as a principal business or company object in the official business register or any equivalent official evidence of a Member State. In the case of a natural person, equivalent evidence shall be required.

Where no such registers exist, Member States shall use equivalent evidence.

By way of derogation from the first and second subparagraphs, Member States may establish alternative criteria according to which an agricultural activity is to be considered to be a principal business or company object of a natural or legal person pursuant point (c) of the third subparagraph of Article 9(2) and, where appropriate, to point (b) of Article 9(3) of that Regulation.

CHAPTER 2

BASIC PAYMENT SCHEME AND SINGLE AREA PAYMENT SCHEME

SECTION 1

Rules for the implementation of the basic payment scheme provided for in Sections 1, 2, 3 and 5 of Chapter 1 of Title III of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

Subsection 1

First allocation of payment entitlements

Article 14

Cases of inheritance, changes in legal status or denomination and mergers and scissions

1. Where a farmer received the holding, or part of the holding, by way of actual or anticipated inheritance, he shall be entitled to claim, in his name, the number and the value of payment entitlements to be allocated for the holding received, or part of that holding, under the same conditions as the farmer originally managing the holding.

In cases of revocable anticipated inheritance, payment entitlements shall be allocated only to the heir designated as such at the date referred to in Article 24(1) or 39(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

2. A change of denomination shall have no impact on the number and the value of payment entitlements to be allocated.

A change of the legal status shall have no impact on the number and the value of payment entitlements to be allocated if the farmer who was in control of the original holding in terms of management, benefits and financial risks also manages the new holding.

3. A merger or scission shall have no impact on the total number and the value of payment entitlements to be allocated to the holding(s).

In case of scission, where a Member State applies Article 24(4) or (5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the number of payment entitlements to be allocated to each holding resulting from the scission shall be established by multiplying the number of eligible hectares at the disposal of the relevant new holding by the average reduction in the number of entitlements that the original holding would have been subject to pursuant to Article 24(4) or (5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

For the purposes of this paragraph, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) ‘merger’ means the merger of two or more separate farmers within the meaning of Article 4(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 into one new farmer within the meaning of that Article controlled in terms of management, benefits and financial risks by the farmers originally managing the holdings or one of them;

(b) ‘scission’ means the scission of one farmer within the meaning of Article 4(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 into: (i) at least two new separate farmers within the meaning of that Article at least one of which remains controlled, in terms of management, benefits and financial risks, by at least one of the natural or legal persons originally managing the holding; or (ii) the original farmer and at least one new separate farmer within the meaning of that Article.

Article 15

Establishment of eligible hectares for the purposes of Articles 24(2) and 39(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

1. For the purpose of establishing the number of payment entitlements to be allocated pursuant to Articles 24(2) and 39(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 in cases where no force majeure and exceptional circumstances are recognised, only those eligible hectares shall be taken into account which are determined pursuant to point (23)(a) of the second subparagraph of Article 2(1) of Delegated Regulation (EU) No 640/2014.

2. Where an eligible hectare referred to in paragraph 1 is subject to an application for allocation of payment entitlements by two or more applicants, the decision whom to allocate the payment entitlement shall be based on the criterion who enjoys the decision-making power in relation to the agricultural activities exercised on that hectare and who bears benefits and financial risks related to those activities.

Article 16

Limitation under Article 24(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

1. Any reduction pursuant to Article 24(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 shall not exceed 85 % of the number of payment entitlements corresponding to the eligible hectares of permanent grassland located in areas with difficult climate conditions.

2. For the purpose of applying the reduction coefficient provided for in paragraph 1, Member States may, on the basis of the natural constraints referred to Article 24(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, distinguish between categories of areas with difficult climate conditions in order to apply different reduction coefficients to such categories.

Article 17

Determination of the value of payment entitlements under Articles 26 and 40 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

1. For the purpose of determining the relevant direct payments or value of entitlements relating to the year 2014 as referred to in Article 26 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, account shall be taken only of the payments to or the value of the entitlements of those farmers who are entitled to be granted direct payments in accordance with Articles 9 and 24(9) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 in the year 2015.

For the purpose of determining the relevant direct payments relating to the year preceding the implementation of the basic payment scheme as referred to in Article 40(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, account shall be taken only of the payments to those farmers who are entitled to be granted direct payments in accordance with Article 9 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 in the first year of implementation of the basic payment scheme.

2. For the purposes of Article 26(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the following rules shall apply:

(a) the reference to the specific support measures provided for in points (a), (b) and (c) of Article 68(1) of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 shall be without prejudice to the possibility for Member States to consider only one or several measures implemented under those specific support measures;

(b) support granted to a farmer for calendar year 2014 under one or more of the support schemes referred to in Article 26(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 shall be calculated without taking into account any reductions or exclusions provided for in Chapter 4 of Title II of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009;

(c) Member States may, in accordance with objective and non-discriminatory criteria, decide about the level of support to be taken into account for one or more of the schemes listed in Article 26(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 applied by the Member State concerned.

When applying this paragraph, Member States shall not jeopardise the decoupled character of the support granted in accordance with Article 68(1)(c) and Articles 126, 127 and 129 of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009.

3. For the purposes of the third subparagraph of Article 26(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the support granted for calendar year 2014 under Articles 72a and 125a of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 shall be calculated without taking into account any reductions or exclusions provided for in Chapter 4 of Title II of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009.

4. The reference in Article 26(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to payment entitlements held by a farmer shall also include those payment entitlements that are leased out by the farmer to another farmer on the date of submission of his application for 2014.

Article 18

Definitive establishment of the value and number of payment entitlements

Where the information to the farmers referred to in Article 25(10) or in the second subparagraph of Article 40(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 is based on provisional data, the definitive value and number of payment entitlements shall be established and communicated to them after all necessary checks pursuant to Article 74 of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 have been carried out, and in any case by 1 April of the year following the first year of application of the basic payment scheme by the Member State concerned.

Article 19

Establishment of the value of payment entitlements in hardship cases

1. If one or several of the direct payments referred to in Article 26 or 40(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 relating to 2014 or to the year preceding the implementation of the basic payment scheme, respectively, are lower than the corresponding amounts in the year preceding the years affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances, the initial unit value shall be established on the basis of the amounts received by that farmer in the year preceding the years affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances.

2. Member States may decide to limit the application of paragraph 1 to cases where the direct payments relating to 2014 or to the year preceding the implementation of the basic payment scheme, respectively, are lower than a certain percentage of the corresponding amounts in the year preceding the years affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances. This percentage shall not be lower than 85 %.

Article 20

Private contract clause in the case of sale

1. Member States may decide that, in case of sale of a holding or part of it, farmers may, by contract signed before the latest date for application for the allocation of payment entitlements fixed by the Commission on the basis of Article 78(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013, transfer together with the holding or part of it the corresponding payment entitlements to be allocated. In that case, the payment entitlements shall be allocated to the seller and directly transferred to the buyer who will benefit, where applicable, from taking the payments which the seller received for 2014 or the value of the entitlements that he owned in 2014 as referred to in Article 26 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 as a reference for setting the initial unit value of those payment entitlements.

Such a transfer shall require that the seller complies with Article 24(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and that the buyer complies with Article 9 of that Regulation.

Such a sale shall not be considered as a transfer without land within the meaning of Article 34(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

2. Paragraph 1 shall apply mutatis mutandis to Member States applying Section 5 of Chapter 1 of Title III of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

Article 21

Private contract clause in the case of lease

1. Member States may decide that, in case of lease of a holding or part of it, farmers may, by contract signed before the date referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 20(1), lease-out together with the holding or part of it the corresponding payment entitlements to be allocated. In that case, the payment entitlements shall be allocated to the lessor and directly leased-out to the lessee who will benefit, where applicable, from taking the payments which the lessor received for 2014 or the value of the entitlements that he owned in 2014 as referred to in Article 26 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 as a reference for setting the initial unit value of those payment entitlements.

Such a transfer shall require that the lessor complies with Article 24(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, that the lessee complies with Article 9 of that Regulation and that the lease contract expires after the last date for lodging an application under the basic payment scheme.

Such a lease shall not be considered as a transfer without land within the meaning of Article 34(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

2. Paragraph 1 shall apply mutatis mutandis to Member States applying Section 5 of Chapter 1 of Title III of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

Article 22

Beneficiaries pursuant to Article 24(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

For the purposes of the first indent of point (a)(i) of the third subparagraph of Article 24(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, ‘ware potatoes’ and ‘seed potatoes’ shall mean potatoes of CN code 0701 other than those intended for the manufacture of potato starch.

Subsection 2

Activation and transfer of entitlements

Article 23

Calculation of the value of payment entitlements

1. Payment entitlements shall in a first step be calculated up to three decimals and in a second step be rounded up or down to the nearest second decimal. If the calculation gives a result where the third decimal is a 5, the sum shall be rounded up to the second decimal.

2. If a farmer transfers a fraction of an entitlement, the value of that fraction shall be calculated proportionally for each remaining relevant year as referred to in Article 25 or 40 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

3. Member States may modify payment entitlements by merging fractions of entitlements owned by a farmer. The value of the merged entitlements shall be determined for each remaining relevant year as referred to in Article 25 or 40 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 by adding the value of the fractions.

Article 24

Requirements for activation of payment entitlements

1. Payment entitlements may only be declared for payment once per year by the farmer who holds them (owned or leased-in) at the latest date for lodging the single application.

However, where a farmer uses the possibility to amend the single application in accordance with the rules established by the Commission on the basis of Article 78(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013, he may also declare for payment those payment entitlements which he holds (owned or leased-in) at the date of his notification of the amendments to the competent authority, provided that the payment entitlements concerned are not declared for payment by another farmer in respect of the same year.

Where the farmer acquires payment entitlements by way of a transfer from another farmer and where that other farmer had already declared those payment entitlements for payment, the additional declaration of those payment entitlements by the transferee shall only be admissible if the transferor has already informed the competent authority of the transfer in accordance with the rules established by the Commission on the basis of Article 34(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and withdraws those payment entitlements from his own single application, within the time-limits for amending the single application fixed by the Commission on the basis of Article 78 (b) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

2. Where a farmer, after having declared parcels corresponding to all his available payment entitlements under Article 33(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 which are expressed in whole numbers, still disposes of a parcel which amounts to a fraction of a hectare, he may declare a further whole-number payment entitlement which shall give right to a payment calculated pro rata to the size of the parcel. The payment entitlement shall be deemed as fully activated for the purposes of Article 31(1)(b) of that Regulation.

Article 25

Transfer of entitlements

1. Payment entitlements may be transferred at any time of the year.

2. Where a Member State uses the option provided for in Article 34(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, it shall define the regions referred to in that provision in the first year of application of Article 34(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and at the latest one month before the date fixed by the Member State pursuant to Article 33(1) of that Regulation.

Subsection 3

National or regional reserves

Article 26

Reversion to the national or regional reserve due to retention on transfer of payment entitlements

Where a Member State uses the option provided for in Article 34(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, it may decide, in accordance with objective criteria and in such a way as to ensure equal treatment between farmers and to avoid market and competition distortion, to revert to the national or regional reserve up to 30 % of the annual unit values of each payment entitlement transferred without the corresponding eligible hectares within the meaning of Article 32(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, or the equivalent amount expressed in number of payment entitlements.

By way of derogation from the first subparagraph, Member States may provide for a reversion up to 50 % of the annual unit value of each payment entitlement or the equivalent amount expressed in number of payment entitlements as referred to in the first subparagraph during the first three years of application of the basic payment scheme.

Article 27

Application of the windfall profit clause

For the purposes of Articles 28 and 40(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the increase of the value of payment entitlements referred to in those provisions shall be determined by comparing the value of the farmer’s payment entitlements resulting from the application of Article 25(4) and Article 26 or Article 40(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, respectively, after the sale or lease referred to in Article 28 or 40(5) of that Regulation, respectively, with the value of the farmer’s payment entitlements which would result without the sale or lease.

Article 28

Establishment of payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve under Article 30(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

1. For the purposes of Article 30(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, where a young farmer or a farmer who commences his agricultural activity applies for payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve while he does not hold any payment entitlement (owned or leased-in), he shall receive a number of payment entitlements equal to the number of eligible hectares he holds (owned or leased-in) at the latest date for lodging his application for the allocation or increase of the value of payment entitlements fixed by the Commission on the basis of Article 78(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

2. Where a young farmer or a farmer who commences his agricultural activity applies for payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve while he already holds payment entitlements (owned or leased-in), he shall receive a number of payment entitlements equal to the number of eligible hectares he holds (owned or leased-in) at the latest date for lodging his application referred to in paragraph 1 for which he does not hold any payment entitlement (owned or leased-in).

Where the value of the entitlements that the farmer already holds (owned or leased-in) is below the national or regional average referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 30(8) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the annual unit values of those entitlements may be increased up to the national or regional average as provided for in Article 30(10) of that Regulation.

However, in Member States applying the increase referred to in Article 30(10) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for the purposes of Article 30(7) of that Regulation, the increase referred to in the second subparagraph of this paragraph shall be mandatory in that Member State. Such increase should be at a level corresponding to the highest level of increase applied for the purposes of Article 30(7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

3. In Member States applying Article 24(6) or (7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the limitations of the allocation of payment entitlements laid down in those provisions may be applied mutatis mutandis for the allocation of payment entitlements pursuant to Article 30(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

However, Member States may decide that where the application of one or several limitations referred to in the first subparagraph limits the total number of payment entitlements which the farmer already holds and which are to be newly allocated from the reserve to less than a fixed percentage of his eligible hectares in the year in which he applies for allocation of payment entitlements from the reserve, that farmer shall be allocated an additional number of payment entitlements corresponding to a share in the total number of his eligible hectares declared in his application for that year in accordance with Article 72(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

The fixed percentage referred to in the second subparagraph of this Article shall be calculated in accordance with the method referred in the second subparagraph of Article 31(2) of this Regulation.

The share of the total number of eligible hectares of the farmer referred to in the second subparagraph of this paragraph shall be calculated as half of the difference in percentage points between the fixed percentage referred to in the third subparagraph of this paragraph and the share of ‘payment entitlements held by the farmer’ in his eligible hectares declared in accordance with Article 72(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 in his application for the year referred to in the second subparagraph of this paragraph. For the purposes of this subparagraph, ‘payment entitlements held by the farmer’ means payments entitlement already held by the farmer and which are to be newly allocated from the reserve.

When calculating the number of eligible hectares referred to in the second, third and fourth subparagraphs of this paragraph, Member States may decide not to include any areas taken up by permanent crops, by permanent grassland located in areas with difficult climatic conditions as referred to in Article 24(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 or by areas recognised as permanent grassland in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 4(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

Member States using the possibility provided in Article 23 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to apply the basic payment scheme at regional level may base the calculation method referred to in the second subparagraph of this paragraph upon the total numbers allocated/declared in 2015 in the relevant region.

For the purpose of determining the threshold in the second subparagraph, the land acquired or leased-in by the farmer after 19 October 2011 shall not be taken into account.

4. For the purposes of this Article, only those farmers who commence their agricultural activity shall be considered who commenced their agricultural activity in calendar year 2013 or any later year and who submit an application for the basic payment not later than two years after the calendar year in which they commenced their agricultural activity.

Article 29

Establishment of payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve under Article 30(7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

1. For the purposes of Article 30(7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, where new payment entitlements are allocated as provided for in Article 30(10) of that Regulation, they shall be allocated in accordance with the conditions laid down in this Article and in accordance with the objective criteria laid down by the Member State concerned.

2. Where a farmer who does not hold any payment entitlement (owned or leased-in) is entitled in accordance with Article 30(7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to receive payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve and applies for it, he shall receive a number of payment entitlements up to the number of eligible hectares he holds (owned or leased-in) at the latest date for lodging his application as referred to in Article 28(1).

3. Where a farmer who holds payment entitlements (owned or leased-in) is entitled in accordance with Article 30(7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to receive payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve and applies for it, he shall receive a number of payment entitlements up to the number of eligible hectares he holds (owned or leased-in) at the latest date for lodging his application as referred to in Article 28(1) for which he does not hold any payment entitlement (owned or leased-in).

Where the value of the entitlements that the farmer already holds (owned or leased-in) is below the national or regional average referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 30(8) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the annual unit values of those entitlements may be increased up to the national or regional average as provided for in Article 30(10) of that Regulation.

4. For the purposes of paragraph 1, Member States shall not lay down criteria related to production or other sector-specific data for a period after the date fixed by the Member State in accordance with Article 11(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1122/2009 for claim year 2013.

Article 30

Further rules on the establishment of payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve

1. When increasing the annual unit values of payment entitlements as referred to in Article 30(10) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, Member States shall increase the unit value of entitlements the farmer already holds (owned or leased-in) at the date of application for the allocation of entitlements from the national or regional reserve in accordance with objective criteria and in such a way as to ensure equal treatment between farmers and to avoid market and competition distortion.

2. For the purposes of paragraph 1, Member States shall not lay down criteria related to production or other sector-specific data for a period after the date fixed by the Member State in accordance with Article 11(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1122/2009 for claim year 2013.

Article 31

Hardship cases

1. Where a farmer, as a result of force majeure or exceptional circumstances, was prevented from making an application for allocation of payment entitlements in accordance with Article 24(1) or 39(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and applies for payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve, he shall be allocated payment entitlements pursuant to Article 30(7)(c) of that Regulation. Member States shall establish the annual unit values of the payment entitlements to be allocated in accordance with Article 25 or 40 respectively of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and the decisions taken by the Member State as regards the options in those Articles.

2. Member States may decide that where the application of one or several limitations of the allocation of payment entitlements laid down in Article 24(3) to (7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 limits the number of payment entitlements allocated to a farmer to less than a fixed percentage of his eligible hectares, and where the farmer applies for payment entitlements from the national or regional reserve, that farmer shall be considered to be in a situation of ‘specific disadvantage’ under Article 30(7)(b) of that Regulation. In that case, that farmer shall be allocated a number of payment entitlements in accordance with Article 30(7)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 corresponding to a share in the total number of his eligible hectares declared in his application for 2015 in accordance with Article 72(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

The fixed percentage referred to in the first subparagraph shall be calculated as the total number of payment entitlements allocated in the Member State in 2015 after application of the limitations provided for in Article 24(3) to (7) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 divided by the total number of eligible hectares declared in the Member State in 2015 in accordance with Article 72(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

The share of the total number of eligible hectares of the farmer referred to in the first subparagraph shall be calculated as half of the difference in percentage points between the fixed percentage referred to in the first and the second subparagraphs and the share of payment entitlements of the farmer in his eligible hectares declared in 2015 in accordance with Article 72(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

When calculating the number of eligible hectares referred to in the first, second and third subparagraphs of this paragraph, Member States may decide not to include any areas taken up by permanent crops, by permanent grassland located in areas with difficult climatic conditions as referred to in Article 24(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 or by areas recognised as permanent grassland in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 4(2) of that Regulation.

Member States using the possibility provided in Article 23 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to apply the basic payment scheme at regional level may base the calculation method referred to in the second subparagraph of this paragraph upon the total numbers allocated/declared in 2015 in the relevant region.

For the purpose of determining the threshold in the first subparagraph, the land acquired or leased-in by the farmer after 19 October 2011 shall not be taken into account.

Subsection 4

Member States applying Article 21(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

Article 32

Implementation in Member States applying Article 21(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

Save as otherwise provided in this Subsection, the provisions of this Section shall apply to Member States applying Article 21(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

Article 33

Application of Article 21(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

For the purpose of establishing which payment entitlements shall expire in accordance with Article 21(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, priority shall be given to those payment entitlements which have the lowest value.

Where payment entitlements have the same value, the number of owned payment entitlements and the number of leased-in payment entitlements shall be reduced in the same proportion.

Member States may decide to apply the first and the second paragraphs at regional level.

Article 34

Determination of the value of payment entitlements under Article 26 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for Member States applying Article 21(3) of that Regulation

For the purpose of determining the initial unit value of payment entitlements, Member States applying Article 21(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 may adjust the amount of payments for 2014 as referred to in Article 26(5) of that Regulation by deducting, before reductions and exclusions, the amount arising from payment entitlements which have expired pursuant to Article 21(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

SECTION 2

Single area payment scheme

Article 35

Eligible hectares in Member States applying the single area payment scheme

For the purposes of the single area payment scheme provided for in Section 4 of Chapter 1 of Title III of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, including any reference in Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to eligible hectares declared for the purposes of that scheme, only those eligible hectares shall be taken into account which are determined within the meaning of point (23)(a) of the second subparagraph of Article 2(1) of Delegated Regulation (EU) No 640/2014.

Article 36

Application of Article 36(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013

1. For the purpose of differentiating the single area payment as provided for in Article 36(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the following rules shall apply:

(a) the reference to the specific support measures provided for in points (a), (b) and (c) of Article 68(1) of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 shall be without prejudice to the possibility for Member States to consider only one or several measures implemented under those specific support measures;

(b) Member States may, in accordance with objective and non-discriminatory criteria, decide about the level of support to be taken into account for one or more of the schemes applied by the Member State concerned in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 36(3) of that Regulation and, where appropriate, with the third subparagraph of that provision. However, when taking into account the support granted under relevant scheme in 2014, the amount used to differentiate the single area payment may not be higher than the corresponding amount granted to an individual farmer under such a scheme in 2014;

(c) when taking into account the support granted in accordance with Article 68(1)(c) and Articles 126, 127 and 129 of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009, such differentiation shall not jeopardise the decoupled character of those schemes.

Such differentiation shall be available to farmers who received in 2014 the support referred to in the second, third or fourth subparagraph of Article 36(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013. The amount per hectare shall be determined each year by dividing the amount to differentiate the single area payment available for an individual farmer by the number of eligible hectares declared by the farmer in accordance with point (a) of the first subparagraph of Article 72(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.

2. If the amount of the support under one or several of the support schemes referred to in second subparagraph of Article 36(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 relating to 2014 is lower than the corresponding amount or amounts in the year preceding the years affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances, the Member State shall take into account the support granted under the support schemes concerned in the year preceding the years affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances.

Member States may decide to limit the application of the first subparagraph to cases where the direct payments relating to 2014 are lower than a certain percentage of the corresponding amounts in the year preceding the years affected by force majeure or exceptional circumstances. This percentage shall not be lower than 85 %.

3. Member States may decide that in the event of actual or anticipated inheritance, the differentiation of the single area payment shall be available to the farmer who inherited the holding, on condition that this farmer is eligible under the single area payment scheme.

Article 37

Production of hemp under the single area payment scheme

Article 9 shall apply mutatis mutandis as regards the single area payment scheme.

CHAPTER 3

GREENING

SECTION 1

Equivalence

Article 38

Requirements applicable to the national or regional certification schemes

1. Member States deciding to implement equivalent practices referred to in Article 43(3)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 shall designate one or more public or private certification authorities certifying that the farmer observes practices on its holding which comply with Article 43(3) of that Regulation.

2. Public or private certification authorities shall fulfil the following conditions:

(a) they shall have the expertise, equipment and infrastructure required to carry out the certification tasks;

(b) they shall have a sufficient number of qualified and experienced staff;

(c) they shall be impartial and free from any conflict of interest as regards the exercise of the certification tasks.

Private certification authorities shall be accredited in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17021 (Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems) or EN ISO/IEC 17065 (Conformity assessment – Requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services) in the sector of agricultural production. Accreditation shall only be performed by a national accreditation body in a Member State in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (21).

3. The designation of a public or private certification authority shall be withdrawn where it fails to satisfy the conditions for its designation set out in paragraph 2.

Article 39

Calculation of the amount referred to in Article 28(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013

1. For farmers deciding to observe the practices referred to in points 3 and 4 of Section I and point 7 of Section III of Annex IX to Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 and any further equivalent practices added to that Annex for which a specific calculation is needed in order to avoid double funding, as equivalent practices pursuant to Article 43(3)(a) of that Regulation, Member States shall deduct from the amount of support per hectare calculated pursuant to Article 28(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 an amount corresponding to one third of the average greening payment per hectare in the Member State or region concerned for each greening practice that the practice is equivalent with.

The average greening payment per hectare in the Member State or region concerned shall be calculated on the basis of the percentage referred to in Article 47(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 of the average of the national ceilings for the years 2015 to 2019 set out in Annex II to that Regulation and the number of eligible hectares declared in accordance with Article 33 or Article 36 of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 in 2015. Member States deciding to implement the practices referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph already in 2015, may estimate the number of eligible hectares declared in 2015 on the basis of the declarations made in 2014 pursuant to Article 34(2) of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009.

2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, Member States deciding to apply the third subparagraph of Article 43(9) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 may decide to apply the deduction referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article on an individual basis by an amount corresponding to one third of the average greening payment per hectare of the farmer concerned.

The average greening payment for the farmer shall be calculated on the basis of the average of the individual payment calculated in accordance with the third and fourth subparagraphs of Article 43(9) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 for the years 2015 to 2019 and the number of eligible hectares declared by the farmer in accordance with Article 33 of that Regulation in 2015.

SECTION 2

Crop diversification

Article 40

Calculation of shares of different crops for crop diversification

1. For the purpose of the calculation of the shares of different crops as provided for in Article 44(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, the period to be taken into account shall be the most relevant part of the cultivation period taking account of the traditional cultivation practices in the national context.

Member States shall inform farmers of that period in due time. Within the total arable land of the holding, each hectare shall be taken into account only once in one claim year for the purpose of the calculation of the shares of different crops.

2. For the calculation of the shares of different crops, the area covered by a crop may include landscape features that form part of the eligible area in accordance with Article 9 of Delegated Regulation (EU) No 640/2014.

3. On an area where mixed cropping is applied by growing simultaneously two or more crops in distinct rows, each crop shall be counted as distinct crop when it covers at least 25 % of that area. The area covered by the distinct crops shall be calculated by dividing the area where the mixed cropping is applied by the number of crops covering at least 25 % of that area, irrespective of the actual share of a crop on that area.

On areas where mixed cropping is applied by growing a main crop which is under-sown with a second crop, the area shall be considered as covered with only the main crop.

Areas on which a seed mixture is sown shall, irrespective of the specific crops included in the mix, be considered as covered with one single crop. Without prejudice to Article 44(4)(d) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, such single crop shall be referred to as ‘mixed crop’. Where it can be established that the species included in different seed mixtures differ from each other, Member States may recognise those different seed mixtures as distinct single crops, provided that those different seed mixtures are not used for the crop referred to in Article 44(4)(d) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013.

SECTION 3

Permanent grassland

Article 41

Framework for the designation of further environmentally sensitive permanent grassland areas outside of Natura 2000 areas

Environmentally sensitive permanent grassland areas outside the areas covered by Directive 92/43/EEC or Directive 2009/147/EC as referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 45(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 shall be designated on the basis of one or more of the following criteria:

(a) covering organic soils with a high percentage of organic carbon, such as peat land or wetlands;

(b) hosting habitats listed in Annex I to Directive 92/43/EEC or protected under national legislation;

(c) hosting plant species listed in Annex II to Directive 92/43/EEC or protected under national legislation;

(d) being of significant importance for wild bird species listed in Annex I to Directive 2009/147/EC;

(e) being of significant importance for wild animal species protected under Directive 92/43/EEC or protected under national legislation;

(f) covering permanent grassland of high nature value as defined by objective criteria to be established by the Member State;

(g) covering soils with a high risk of erosion;

(h) being located in a sensitive area