COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2019/2023

of 1 October 2019

laying down ecodesign requirements for household washing machines and household washer-dryers pursuant to Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008 and repealing Commission Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to Article 114 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products (1), and in particular Article 15(1) thereof,

Whereas:

(1) Pursuant to Directive 2009/125/EC the Commission should set ecodesign requirements for energy-related products which account for significant volumes of sales and trade in the Union and which have a significant environmental impact and presenting significant potential for improvement through design in terms of their environmental impact, without entailing excessive costs.

(2) The Communication from the Commission COM(2016)773 (2) (ecodesign working plan) established by the Commission in application of Article 16(1) of Directive 2009/125/EC sets out the working priorities under the ecodesign and energy labelling framework for the period 2016-2019. The Working Plan identifies the energy-related product groups to be considered as priorities for the undertaking of preparatory studies and eventual adoption of implementing measures, as well as the review of Commission Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010 (3), Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1061/2010 (4) and Commission Directive 96/60/EC (5).

(3) Measures from the Working Plan have an estimated potential to deliver a total in excess of 260 TWh of annual final energy savings in 2030, which is equivalent to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 100 million tonnes per year in 2030. Household washing machines and household washer-dryers are among the product groups listed in the Working Plan, with estimated annual electricity savings of 2,5 TWh, leading to GHG emission reductions of 0,8 Mt CO2 eq/year, and estimated water savings of 711 million m3 in 2030.

(4) The Commission established ecodesign requirements for household washing machines in Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010 and pursuant to that Regulation, the Commission should review it in light of technological progress.

(5) The Commission has reviewed Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010 and analysed the technical, environmental and economic aspects of household washing machines and household washer-dryers as well as real-life user behaviour. The review was carried out in close cooperation with stakeholders and interested parties from the Union and third countries. The results of the review were made public and presented to the Consultation Forum established by Article 18 of Directive 2009/125/EC.

(6) It appears from the review study that there is a need to revise the ecodesign requirements for household washing machines and to establish ecodesign requirements for household washer-dryers. The requirements relate to the use of essential resources such as energy and water. There is also a need to introduce requirements related to resource efficiency such as reparability and recyclability.

(7) The environmental aspects of household washing machines and household washer-dryers, which have been identified as significant for the purposes of this Regulation are the consumption of energy and water during the use phase, the generation of waste at the end of life and the emissions to air and water in the production phase (due to the extraction and processing of raw materials) and in the use phase (because of the consumption of electricity and water discharge).

(8) The annual energy and water consumption of products subject to this Regulation in the Union was estimated at 35,3 TWh and 2 496 million m3 respectively in the Union in 2015. The projected electricity consumption of household washing machines and household washer-dryers in a business as usual scenario is estimated to decrease to 33,5 TWh in 2030 and the water consumption to decrease to 1 764 million m3 in 2030. That decrease in energy and water consumption may be accelerated if the existing ecodesign requirements are updated. Finally, the service life-time of household washing machines and household washer-dryers has been estimated to have decreased in recent years to around 12,5 years and the trend is likely to continue in the absence of incentives.

(9) The Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions COM(2015) 614 final (6) (circular economy action plan) and the Communication on the ecodesign working plan (7) underline the importance of using the ecodesign framework in order to support the move towards more resource efficient and circular economy. Directive 2012/19/EU (8) refers to Directive 2009/125/EC and indicate that ecodesign requirements should facilitate the re-use, dismantling and recovery of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) by tackling the issues upstream. Therefore this Regulation should lay down appropriate requirements contributing to circular economy objectives.

(10) Non-household washing machines and non-household washer-dryers have distinct characteristics and uses. They are subject to other regulatory work, in particular Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on machinery (9), and should not be included in the scope of this Regulation. Provisions for household washing machines and household washer-dryers should apply to washing machines and washer-dryers with the same technical characteristics, regardless of the setting they are used in.

(11) Household washing machines and household washer-dryers with more than one drum should be subject to specific rules only if all their drums perform the same function. Otherwise, each drum should be considered as a separate household washing machine or as a separate household washer-dryer.

(12) Specific requirements for the low power modes of household washing machines and household washer-dryers should be laid down. The requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008 (10) should not apply to products covered by the scope of this Regulation. Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008 should be amended accordingly.

(13) The relevant product parameters should be measured using reliable, accurate and reproducible methods. Those methods should take into account the recognised state-of-the-art measurement methods including, where available, harmonised standards adopted by the European standardisation organisations, as listed in Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council (11).

(14) In accordance with Article 8 of Directive 2009/125/EC, this Regulation should specify the applicable conformity assessment procedures.

(15) To facilitate compliance checks, manufacturers, importers or authorised representatives should provide information in the technical documentation referred to in Annexes IV and V to Directive 2009/125/EC in so far as that information relates to the requirements laid down in this Regulation.

(16) Where parameters of the technical documentation, as defined by this Regulation, are identical to parameters of the product information sheet defined by Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2014 (12), manufacturers, importers or authorised representatives should enter the corresponding data into the product database defined by Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 of the European Parliament and of the Council (13) and should no longer need to provide them to market surveillance authorities as part of the technical documentation.

(17) To ensure the effectiveness and credibility of the Regulation and to protect consumers, products that automatically alter their performance in test conditions to improve the declared parameters should not be allowed to be placed on the market.

(18) In addition to the requirements laid down in this Regulation, indicative benchmarks for best available technologies should be identified to make information on the life-cycle environmental performance of products subject to this Regulation widely available and easily accessible, in accordance with point (2), part 3 of Annex I to Directive 2009/125/EC.

(19) This Regulation should be reviewed in order to assess the appropriateness and effectiveness of its provisions in achieving its goals. The timing of the review should be sufficient for all provisions to be implemented and show an effect on the market.

(20) Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010 should be repealed.

(21) In order to facilitate the transition between Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010 and this Regulation, the new name ‘eco 40-60’ should be allowed to be used as from the entry into force of this Regulation.

(22) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 19 of Directive 2009/125/EC,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1 Subject matter and scope 1. This Regulation establishes ecodesign requirements for the placing on the market or the putting into service of electric mains-operated household washing machines and household washer-dryers, including built-in household washing machines and household washer-dryers and electric mains-operated household washing machines and household washer-dryers that can also be powered by batteries. 2. This Regulation shall not apply to: (a) washing machines and washer-dryers belonging to the scope of Directive 2006/42/EC; (b) battery-operated household washing machines and household washer-dryers that can be connected to the mains through an AC/DC converter purchased separately. 3. The requirements in points 1 to 6, 9(1)(a) and (c), and 9(2)(i) and (vii) of Annex II shall not apply to: (a) household washing machines with a rated capacity lower than 2 kg; (b) household washer-dryers with a rated washing capacity lower than 2 kg.

Article 2 Definitions For the purpose of this Regulation the following definitions shall apply: (1) ‘mains’ or ‘electric mains’ means the electricity supply from the grid of 230 (± 10 %) volts of alternating current at 50 Hz; (2) ‘automatic washing machine’ means a washing machine where the load is fully treated by the washing machine without the need for user intervention at any point during the programme; (3) ‘household washing machine’ means an automatic washing machine which cleans and rinses household laundry by using water, chemical, mechanical and thermal means, which also has a spin extraction function, and which is declared by the manufacturer in the Declaration of Conformity as complying with Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (14) or with Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (15); (4) ‘household washer-dryer’ means a household washing machine which, in addition to the functions of an automatic washing machine, in the same drum includes a means for drying the textiles by heating and tumbling, and which is declared by the manufacturer in the Declaration of Conformity as complying with Directive 2014/35/EU or with Directive 2014/53/EU; (5) ‘built-in household washing machine’ means a household washing machine that is designed, tested and marketed exclusively: (a) to be installed in cabinetry or encased (top and/or bottom, and sides) by panels; (b) to be securely fastened to the sides, top or floor of the cabinetry or panels; and (c) to be equipped with an integral factory-finished face or to be fitted with a custom front panel; (6) ‘built-in household washer-dryer’ means a household washer-dryer that is designed, tested and marketed exclusively: (a) to be installed in cabinetry or encased (top and/or bottom, and sides) by panels; (b) to be securely fastened to the sides, top or floor of the cabinetry or panels; and (c) to be equipped with an integral factory-finished face or to be fitted with a custom front panel; (7) ‘multi-drum household washing machine’ means a household washing machine equipped with more than one drum, whether in separate units or in the same casing; (8) ‘multi-drum household washer-dryer’ means a household washer-dryer equipped with more than one drum, whether in separate units or in the same casing; (9) ‘equivalent model’ means a model which has the same technical characteristics relevant for the technical information to be provided, but which is placed on the market or put into service by the same manufacturer, importer or authorised representative as another model with a different model identifier; (10) ‘model identifier’ means the code, usually alphanumeric, which distinguishes a specific product model from other models with the same trade mark or the same manufacturer's, importer's or authorised representative's name; (11) ‘product database’ means a collection of data concerning products, which is arranged in a systematic manner and consists of a consumer-oriented public part, where information concerning individual product parameters is accessible by electronic means, an online portal for accessibility and a compliance part, with clearly specified accessibility and security requirements, as laid down in Regulation (EU) 2017/1369; (12) ‘eco 40-60’ means the name of the programme declared by the manufacturer, importer or authorised representative as able to clean normally soiled cotton laundry declared to be washable at 40 °C or 60 °C, together in the same washing cycle, and to which the ecodesign requirements on energy efficiency, washing efficiency, rinsing effectiveness, programme duration and water consumption relate; (13) ‘programme’ means a series of operations that are pre-defined and which are declared by the manufacturer, importer or authorised representative as suitable for washing, drying or continuously washing and drying certain types of textile; (14) ‘washing cycle’ means a complete washing process as defined by a selected programme, consisting of a series of different operations including washing, rinsing, and spinning. For the purpose of the annexes, additional definitions are set out in Annex I.

Article 3 Ecodesign requirements The ecodesign requirements set out in Annex II and Annex VI shall apply from the dates indicated therein.

Article 4 Conformity assessment 1. The conformity assessment procedure referred to in Article 8 of Directive 2009/125/EC shall be the internal design control system set out in Annex IV to that Directive or the management system set out in Annex V to that Directive. 2. For the purposes of the conformity assessment pursuant to Article 8 of Directive 2009/125/EC, the technical documentation shall contain the declared values of parameters listed in points 3 to 7 of Annex II and the details and results of the calculations undertaken in accordance with Annex III. 3. Where the information included in the technical documentation for a particular model has been obtained: (a) from a model that has the same technical characteristics relevant for the technical information to be provided but is produced by a different manufacturer, or (b) by calculation on the basis of design or extrapolation from another model of the same or a different manufacturer, or both, the technical documentation shall include the details of such calculation, the assessment undertaken by the manufacturer to verify the accuracy of the calculation and, where appropriate, the declaration of identity between the models of different manufacturers. The technical documentation shall include a list of all equivalent models, including the model identifiers. 4. The technical documentation shall include the information in the order and as set out in Annex VI of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2014. For market surveillance purposes, manufacturers, importers or authorised representatives may, without prejudice to point 2(g) of Annex IV to Directive 2009/125/EC, refer to the technical documentation uploaded to the product database which contains the same information laid down in Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2014.

Article 5 Verification procedure for market surveillance purposes Member States' authorities shall apply the verification procedure set out in Annex IV when performing the market surveillance checks referred to in point 2 of Article 3 of Directive 2009/125/EC.

Article 6 Circumvention The manufacturer, importer or authorised representative shall not place on the market products designed to be able to detect they are being tested (e.g. by recognising the test conditions or test cycle), and to react specifically by automatically altering their performance during the test with the aim of reaching a more favourable level for any of the parameters declared by the manufacturer, importer or authorised representative in the technical documentation or included in any documentation provided. The consumption of energy and water of the product and any of the other declared parameters shall not deteriorate after a software or firmware update when measured with the same test standard originally used for the declaration of conformity, except with explicit consent of the end-user prior to the update. No performance change shall occur as a result of rejecting the update.

Article 7 Indicative benchmarks The indicative benchmarks for the best-performing products and technologies available on the market at the time of adopting this Regulation are set out in Annex V.

Article 8 Review The Commission shall review this Regulation in the light of technological progress and shall present the results of this review, including, if appropriate, a draft revision proposal, to the Consultation Forum by 25 December 2025. The review shall in particular focus on the following: (a) the improvement potential with regard to energy and environmental performance of household washing machines and household washer-dryers; (b) the evolution of consumer behaviour and the feasibility of a mandatory feedback mechanism on the loading of the appliance and the energy consumption of the selected programme; (c) the effectiveness of existing requirements on resource efficiency; (d) the appropriateness of setting additional resource efficiency requirements for products in accordance with the objectives of the circular economy, including whether more spare parts should be included; (e) the feasibility and appropriateness of new requirements on the automatic dosage of detergents and other additives; (f) the feasibility and appropriateness of new requirements for reducing microplastics in the water outlet, such as filters.

Article 9 Amendment to Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008 In point 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008: — the entry ‘Washing machines’ is deleted; — the entry ‘Other appliances for cooking and other processing of food, cleaning, and maintenance of clothes’ is replaced by ‘Other appliances for cooking and other processing of food, cleaning and maintenance of clothes with the exception of household washing machines and household washer-dryers’.

Article 10 Repeal Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010 is repealed as of 1 March 2021.

Article 11 Transitional measures As from 25 December 2019 until 28 February 2021, by way of derogation to the requirement in point 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010, the indications of ‘Standard 60 °C cotton programme’ and ‘Standard 40 °C cotton programme’ shall not need to be displayed on the programme selection device of household washing machines or on the household washing machines display, if the following conditions are complied with: — the ‘Standard 60 °C cotton programme’ and ‘Standard 40 °C cotton programme’ are clearly identifiable in the booklet of instructions and in the technical documentation with the meaning of point (2) of Article 4 of Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010; and — the ‘eco 40-60’ programme is clearly displayed on the programme selection device of household washing machines or on the household washing machines display, in accordance with point 1(3) of Annex II to this Regulation.

Article 12 Entry into force and application This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. It shall apply from 1 March 2021. However, Article 6, first paragraph, and Article 11 shall apply from 25 December 2019.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, 1 October 2019. For the Commission The President Jean-Claude JUNCKER

(1) OJ L 285, 31.10.2009, p. 10.

(2) Communication from the Commission. Ecodesign working plan 2016-2019, COM(2016) 773 final, 30.11.2016.

(3) Commission Regulation (EU) No 1015/2010 of 10 November 2010 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for household washing machines (OJ L 293, 11.11.2010, p. 21).

(4) Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1061/2010 of 28 September 2010 supplementing Directive 2010/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to energy labelling of household washing machines (OJ L 314, 30.11.2010, p. 47).

(5) Commission Directive 96/60/EC of 19 September 1996 implementing Council Directive 92/75/EEC with regard to energy labelling of household combined washer-driers (OJ L 266, 18.10.1996, p. 1).

(6) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Closing the loop — An EU action plan for the circular economy (COM/2015/0614 final of 2.12.2015).

(7) COM(2016) 773 final of 30.11.2016

(8) Directive 2012/19/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) (OJ L 197, 24.7.2012, p. 38).

(9) Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (OJ L 157, 9.6.2006, p. 24).

(10) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008 of 17 December 2008 implementing Directive 2005/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for standby and off mode electric power consumption of electrical and electronic household and office equipment (OJ L 339, 18.12.2008, p. 45)

(11) Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on European standardisation, amending Council Directives 89/686/EEC and 93/15/EEC and Directives 94/9/EC, 94/25/EC, 95/16/EC, 97/23/EC, 98/34/EC, 2004/22/EC, 2007/23/EC, 2009/23/EC and 2009/105/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Decision 87/95/EEC and Decision No 1673/2006/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 316, 14.11.2012, p. 12).

(12) Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2014 of 11 March 2019 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to energy labelling of household washing machines and household washer-dryers and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1061/2010 and Commission Directive 96/60/EC (see page 29 of this Official Journal)

(13) Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2017 setting a framework for energy labelling and repealing Directive 2010/30/EU (OJ L 198, 28.7.2017, p. 1).

(14) Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits (OJ L 96, 29.3.2014, p. 357).

(15) Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC (OJ L 153, 22.5.2014, p. 62).