II. VARIABLES OF LAND The total area of the agricultural holding consists of the utilised agricultural area (arable land, permanent grassland, permanent crops and kitchen gardens) and other farmland (unutilised agricultural land, wooded area and other land not elsewhere classified). The area to be collected for each item is known as the main area and refers to the physical area of the parcel(s), regardless of whether there was only one single crop or several crops during the crop year. In the case of annual crops, the main area corresponds to the sown area; in case of permanent crops the main area is the total planted area; in the case of successive crops, it corresponds to the area occupied by the main crop in the parcel during the year; in the case of simultaneous crops, it corresponds to the area where the crops co-exist. In this manner, each area is listed only once. The main crop is the one with the highest economic value. When it is not possible to determine what the main crop is on the basis of the production value, then the main crop will be the one which occupies the ground for the longest period of time. The utilised agricultural area is the total area taken up by arable land, permanent grassland, permanent crops and kitchen gardens used by the agricultural holding, regardless of the type of tenure. Crop rotation is the practice of alternating crops grown in a specific field in a planned pattern or sequence in successive crop years so that crops of the same species are not grown without interruption in the same field. In a crop rotation the crops are normally changed annually, but it is possible to have a crop rotation with multiannual crops. Open field and areas under glass are to be reported separately.

CLND 001 – UAA Hectares of utilised agricultural area.

CLND 002 – – Arable land Hectares of land worked (ploughed or tilled) regularly, generally under a system of crop rotation.

CLND 003 – – – Cereals for the production of grain (including seed) Hectares of all cereals harvested dry for grain, regardless of use.

CLND 004 – – – – Common wheat and spelt Hectares of Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori et Paol., Triticum spelta L. and Triticum monococcum L.

CLND 005 – – – – Durum wheat Hectares of Triticum durum Desf.

CLND 006 – – – – Rye and winter cereal mixtures (maslin) Hectares of rye (Secale cereale L.) sown at any time, mixtures of rye and other cereals and other cereal mixtures sown before or during the winter (maslin).

CLND 007 – – – – Barley Hectares of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

CLND 008 – – – – Oats and spring cereal mixtures (mixed grain other than maslin) Hectares of oats (Avena sativa L.) and other cereals sown in the spring and grown as mixtures and harvested as dry grain, including seed.

CLND 009 – – – – Grain maize and corn-cob-mix Hectares of maize (Zea mays L.) harvested for grain, as seed or as corn-cob-mix.

CLND 010 – – – – Triticale Hectares of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack).

CLND 011 – – – – Sorghum Hectares of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Conrad Moench or Sorghum x sudanense (Piper) Stapf.)

CLND 012 – – – – Other cereals not elsewhere classified (buckwheat, millet, canary seed, etc.) Hectares of cereals, harvested dry for grain, and which are not recorded elsewhere under the previous items, such as millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Mill.), canary seed (Phalaris canariensis L.) and other cereals not elsewhere classified (n.e.c.).

CLND 013 – – – – Rice Hectares of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

CLND 014 – – – Dry pulses and protein crops for the production of grain (including seed and mixtures of cereals and pulses) Hectares of dried pulses and protein crops harvested dry for grain, regardless of use.

CLND 015 – – – – Field peas, beans and sweet lupins Hectares of all varieties of field peas (Pisum sativum L. convar. sativum or Pisum sativum L. convar. arvense L. or convar. speciosum) harvested dry, plus hectares of all varieties of broad or field beans (Vicia faba L. (partim)) harvested dry, plus hectares of all sweet lupins (Lupinus sp.) harvested dry for grain, including seed, regardless of their use.

CLND 016 – – – Root crops Hectares of crops cultivated for their root, tuber or modified stem. It excludes root, tuber and bulb vegetables such as carrots, beetroots or swedes, among others.

CLND 017 – – – – Potatoes (including seed potatoes) Hectares of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.).

CLND 018 – – – – Sugar beet (excluding seed) Hectares of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) intended for the sugar industry and alcohol production.

CLND 019 – – – – Other root crops n.e.c. Hectares of fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and plants of the Brassicae family harvested mainly for animal feed, regardless of whether it is the root or the stem, and other plants cultivated mainly for their roots for fodder, not elsewhere classified.

CLND 020 – – – Industrial crops Hectares of industrial crops, which are normally not sold directly for consumption because they need to be industrially processed prior to final use.

CLND 021 – – – – Oilseeds Hectares of rape (Brassica napus L.) and turnip rape (Brassica rapa L. var. oleifera (Lam.)), sunflower seed (Helianthus annus L.), soya (Glycine max (L.) Merril), linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), mustard (Sinapis alba L.), poppy (Papaver somniferum L.), carthame (Carthamus tinctorius L.), sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.), earth almond (Cyperus esculentus L.), peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.), pumpkins for oil (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca) and hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) grown for the production of oil, harvested as dry grains, except cotton seed (Gossypium spp.).

CLND 022 – – – – – Rape and turnip rape seeds Hectares of rape (Brassica napus L.) and turnip rape (Brassica rapa L. var. oleifera (Lam.)) grown for the production of oil, harvested as dry grains.

CLND 023 – – – – – Sunflower seed Hectares of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), harvested as dry grains.

CLND 024 – – – – – Soya Hectares of soya (Glycine max L. Merril), harvested as dry grains, both for oil and protein use.

CLND 025 – – – – – Linseed (oilflax) Hectares of linseed varieties (Linum usitatissimum L.), grown mainly for producing oil, and harvested as dry grains.

CLND 026 – – – – – Other oil seed crops n.e.c. Hectares of other crops grown mainly for their oil content, harvested as dry grains, which are not elsewhere classified (except cotton seed).

CLND 027 – – – – Fibre crops Hectares of fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum L), hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), cotton (Gossypium spp.), jute (Corchorus capsularis L.), abaca alias manila (Musa textilis Née), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine).

CLND 028 – – – – – Fibre flax Hectares of fibre flax varieties (Linum usitatissimum L.), grown mainly for producing fibre.

CLND 029 – – – – – Hemp Hectares of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) grown for straw.

CLND 030 – – – – – Cotton Hectares of cotton (Gossypium spp.), harvested for fibre and/or oilseed use.

CLND 031 – – – – – Other fibre crops n.e.c. Hectares of other plants grown mainly for their fibre content, not elsewhere classified, such as jute (Corchorus capsularis L.), abaca alias manila (Musa textilis Née), sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine), and kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.).

CLND 032 – – – – Tobacco Hectares of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) grown for leaves.

CLND 033 – – – – Hops Hectares of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) grown for seed cones.

CLND 034 – – – – Aromatic, medicinal and culinary plants Hectares of aromatic, medicinal and culinary plants, cultivated for pharmaceutical purposes, perfume manufacture or human consumption.

CLND 035 – – – – Energy crops n.e.c. Hectares of energy crops used exclusively for renewable energy production, not elsewhere classified, and cultivated on arable land.

CLND 036 – – – – Other industrial crops n.e.c. Hectares of other industrial crops not elsewhere classified.

CLND 037 – – – Plants harvested green from arable land Hectares of all arable land crops harvested ‘green’ and intended mainly for animal feed, forage or renewable energy production, namely cereals, grasses, leguminous or industrial plants and other arable land crops harvested and/or used ‘green’.

CLND 038 – – – – Temporary grasses and grazings Hectares of grass plants for grazing, hay or silage included as a part of a normal crop rotation, lasting at least one crop year and normally less than 5 years, sown with grass or grass mixtures.

CLND 039 – – – – Leguminous plants harvested green Hectares of leguminous plants grown and harvested green as the whole plant mainly for fodder, or energy use. Mixtures of predominantly leguminous (normally > 80 %) crops and grass plants, harvested green or as dried hay are included.

CLND 040 – – – – Green maize Hectares of all forms of maize (Zea mays L.) grown mainly for silage (whole cob, parts of or whole plant) and not harvested for grain.

CLND 041 – – – – Other cereals harvested green (excluding green maize) Hectares of all cereals (excluding maize) grown and harvested green as the whole plant used for fodder or for the production of renewable energy (production of biomass).

CLND 042 – – – – Other plants harvested green from arable land n.e.c. Hectares of other annual or multi-annual (less than 5 years) crops intended mainly for animal fodder and harvested green. Also the remainders of crops not elsewhere classified when the main harvest was destroyed, but the residues could still be used (as fodder, or renewable energy).

CLND 043 – – – Fresh vegetables (including melons) and strawberries Hectares of all brassicas, leafy and stalked vegetables, vegetables cultivated for fruit, root, tuber and bulb vegetables, fresh pulses, other vegetables harvested fresh (not dry) and strawberries grown on arable land outdoor in rotation with other agricultural or horticultural crops.

CLND 044 – – – – Fresh vegetables (including melons) and strawberries grown in rotation with horticultural crops (market gardening) Hectares of fresh vegetables, melons and strawberries grown on arable land in rotation with other horticultural crops.

CLND 045 – – – – Fresh vegetables (including melons) and strawberries grown in rotation with non-horticultural crops (open field) Hectares of fresh vegetables, melons and strawberries grown on arable land in rotation with other agricultural crops.

CLND 046 – – – Flowers and ornamental plants (excluding nurseries) Hectares of all flowers and ornamental plants intended to be sold as cut flowers (e.g. roses, carnations, orchids, gladioli, chrysanthemum, foliage cut and other cut products), as potted, bedding and balcony flowers and plants (e.g. rhododendrons, azaleas, chrysanthemum, begonia, geranium, impatiens, other potted, bedding and balcony plants) and as bulb and corm flowers and other ornamental plants (tulips, hyacinths, orchids, narcissi and others).

CLND 047 – – – Seeds and seedlings Hectares of seeds of roots (except potatoes and other plants where the roots are also used as seeds), fodder crops, grasses, industrial crops (except oilseeds) and seeds and seedlings of vegetables and flowers.

CLND 048 – – – Other arable land crops, n.e.c. Hectares of arable crops not elsewhere classified.

CLND 049 – – – Fallow land Hectares of all arable land either included in the crop rotation system or maintained in good agricultural and environmental condition (GAEC (9)), whether worked or not, but which will not be harvested for the duration of a crop year. The essential characteristic of fallow land is that it is left to recover, normally for the whole of a crop year. Fallow land may be: (i) bare land bearing no crops at all; or (ii) land with spontaneous natural growth, which may be used as feed or ploughed in; or (iii) land sown exclusively to produce green manure (green fallow).

CLND 050 – – Permanent grassland Hectares of land used permanently (for several consecutive years, normally 5 years or more) to grow herbaceous fodder, forage or energy purpose crops, through cultivation (sown) or naturally (self-seeded), and which is not included in the crop rotation on the agricultural holding. The grassland can be used for grazing, mown for silage and hay or used for renewable energy production.

CLND 051 – – – Pasture and meadow, excluding rough grazings Hectares of permanent pasture on good or medium quality soils, which can normally be used for intensive grazing.

CLND 052 – – – Rough grazings Hectares of low yielding permanent grassland, usually on low-quality soil, for example on hilly land and at high altitudes, usually unimproved by fertiliser, cultivation, reseeding or drainage. These areas can normally be used only for extensive grazing and are not normally mown or are mown in an extensive manner as they cannot support a large density of animals.

CLND 053 – – – Permanent grassland no longer used for production purposes and eligible for the payment of subsidies Hectares of permanent grassland and meadows no longer used for production purposes which, in line with Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 or, where applicable, the most recent legislation, are maintained in a state which makes it suitable for grazing or cultivation without preparatory action going beyond usual agricultural methods and machinery and are eligible for financial support.

CLND 054 – – Permanent crops (including young and temporarily abandoned plantations, excluding areas producing for own consumption only) Hectares of all fruit trees, all citrus fruit trees, all nut trees, all berry plantations, all vineyards, all olive trees and all other permanent crops used for human consumption (e.g. tea, coffee or carobs) and for other purposes (e.g. nurseries, Christmas trees or plants for plaiting and weaving such as rattan or bamboo).

CLND 055 – – – Fruits, berries and nuts (excluding citrus fruits, grapes and strawberries) Hectares of orchards of pome fruits, stone fruits, berries, nuts and fruits from tropical and subtropical climate zones.

CLND 056 – – – – Pome fruits Hectares of orchards of pome fruits such as apples (Malus spp.), pears (Pyrus spp.), quinces (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) or medlars (Mespilus germanica, L.).

CLND 057 – – – – Stone fruits Hectares of orchards of stone fruits, such as peaches and nectarines (Prunus persica (L.) Batch), apricots (Prunus armeniaca L. and others), sweet and sour cherries (Prunus avium L., P. cerasus), plums (Prunus domestica L. and others) and other stone fruits not elsewhere classified such as blackthorn/sloe (Prunus spinosa L.) or loquats/Japanese medlar (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.).

CLND 058 – – – – Fruits from subtropical and tropical climate zones Hectares of all fruits from subtropical and tropical climate zones, such as kiwis (Actinidia chinensis Planch.), avocados (Persea americana Mill.) or bananas (Musa spp.).

CLND 059 – – – – Berries (excluding strawberries) Hectares of all cultivated berries such as blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum L.), redcurrants (Ribes rubrum L.), raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) or blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.).

CLND 060 – – – – Nuts Hectares of all nut trees: walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, chestnuts and other nuts.

CLND 061 – – – Citrus fruits Hectares of citrus fruits (Citrus spp.): oranges, small citrus fruits, lemons, limes, pomelos, grapefruits and other citrus fruits.

CLND 062 – – – Grapes Hectares of vines (Vitis vinifera L.)

CLND 063 – – – – Grapes for wines Hectares of vines of grape varieties normally grown for the production of juice, must and/or wine.

CLND 064 – – – – – Grapes for wines with protected designation of origin (PDO) Hectares of vines of grape varieties normally grown for the production of wines with a protected designation of origin which comply with the requirements of (i) Council Regulation (EC) No 491/2009 (10) or, where applicable, the most recent legislation and (ii) the corresponding national rules.

CLND 065 – – – – – Grapes for wines with protected geographical indication (PGI) Hectares of vines of grape varieties normally grown for the production of wines with a protected geographical indication which comply with the requirements of (i) Regulation (EC) No 491/2009 or, where applicable, the most recent legislation and (ii) the corresponding national rules.

CLND 066 – – – – – Grapes for other wines n.e.c. (without PDO/PGI) Hectares of vines of grape varieties normally grown for the production of wines other than PDO and PGI wines.

CLND 067 – – – – Grapes for table use Hectares of vines of grape varieties normally grown for the production of fresh grapes.

CLND 068 – – – – Grapes for raisins Hectares of vines of grape varieties normally grown for the production of raisins.

CLND 069 – – – Olives Hectares of olive trees (Olea europea L.) grown for the production of olives.

CLND 070 – – – Nurseries Hectares of nurseries, where young ligneous (woody) plants are grown in the open air for subsequent transplantation.

CLND 071 – – – Other permanent crops including other permanent crops for human consumption Hectares of permanent crops for human consumption not elsewhere classified and trees planted as Christmas trees on the utilised agricultural area.

CLND 072 – – – – Christmas trees Hectares of Christmas trees planted for commercial purposes, outside woodland, on the utilised agricultural area. Christmas tree plantations which are no longer maintained and belong to wooded area are excluded.

CLND 073 – – Kitchen gardens Hectares of land normally occupied with vegetables, root crops and permanent crops, among others, intended for self-consumption by the holder and his household, normally separated from the rest of the agricultural land, and recognisable as kitchen gardens.

CLND 074 – Other farmland Hectares of unutilised agricultural land (agricultural land which is no longer farmed, for economic, social or other reasons, and which is not used in the crop rotation system), wooded area and other land occupied by buildings, farmyards, tracks, ponds, quarries, infertile land, rock, etc.

CLND 075 – – Unutilised agricultural land Hectares of previously used land for an agricultural purpose which during the reference year of the survey is no longer worked and is not used in the crop rotation system, i.e. land where no agricultural use is intended. This land could be brought back into cultivation using the resources normally available on an agricultural holding.

CLND 076 – – Wooded area Hectares of land covered with trees or forest shrubs, including plantations of poplar and other similar trees inside or outside woods and forest-tree nurseries grown in woodland for the agricultural holding's own requirements, as well as forest facilities (forest roads, storage depots for timber, etc.).

CLND 077 – – – Short rotation coppices Hectares of wooded areas managed for growing wooded plants, where the rotation period is 20 years or less. The rotation period is the time between the first sowing/planting of the trees and the harvest of the final product, where harvesting does not include normal management activities such as thinning.

CLND 078 – – Other land (land occupied by buildings, farmyards, tracks, ponds and other non-productive areas) Hectares of land which are part of the total area belonging to the agricultural holding but constitute neither utilised agricultural area, unutilised agricultural area nor wooded area, such as land occupied by buildings (except if used for mushroom cultivation), farmyards, tracks, ponds, quarries, infertile land or rock.

Special agricultural holding areas

CLND 079 – – Cultivated mushrooms Hectares of cultivated mushrooms grown in buildings which have been specially erected or adapted for that purpose, as well as in underground premises, caves and cellars.

CLND 080 – UAA under glass or high accessible cover Hectares of crops, which for the whole of their period of growth or for the predominant part of it are covered by greenhouses or fixed high cover or mobile high cover (glass or rigid plastic or flexible plastic). These areas must not be included in the variables mentioned above.

CLND 081 – – Vegetables, including melons and strawberries under glass or high accessible cover Hectares of all brassicas, leafy and stalked vegetables, vegetables cultivated for fruit, root, tuber and bulb vegetables, fresh pulses, other vegetables harvested fresh (not dry) and strawberries grown under glass or high accessible cover.

CLND 082 – – Flowers and ornamental plants (excluding nurseries) under glass or high accessible cover Hectares of all flowers and ornamental plants intended to be sold as cut flowers (e.g. roses, carnations, orchids, gladioli, chrysanthemum, foliage cut and other cut products), as potted, bedding and balcony flowers and plants (e.g. rhododendrons, azaleas, chrysanthemum, begonia, geranium, impatiens or other potted, bedding and balcony plants) and as bulb and corm flowers and other ornamental plants (tulips, hyacinths, orchids, narcissi and others) under glass or high accessible cover.

CLND 083 – – Other arable land crops under glass or high accessible cover Hectares of other arable land crops not elsewhere classified, grown under glass or high accessible cover.

CLND 084 – – Permanent crops under glass or high accessible cover Hectares of permanent crops grown under glass or high accessible cover.

CLND 085 – – Other UAA under glass or high accessible cover n.e.c. Hectares of utilised agricultural area not elsewhere classified and grown under glass or high accessible cover.

Organic farming The agricultural holding has land where organic farming production methods are used according to certain set standards and rules specified in (i) Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 or Regulation (EU) 2018/848 or, where applicable, in the most recent legislation, and (ii) the corresponding national implementing rules for organic production, including during the conversion period. Crops are defined in Core Section II. VARIABLES OF LAND

CLND 086 – Organic farming utilised agricultural area

CLND 087 – – Organic farming arable land

CLND 088 – – – Organic farming cereals for the production of grain (including seed)

CLND 089 – – – – Organic farming common wheat and spelt

CLND 090 – – – – Organic farming durum wheat

CLND 091 – – – Organic farming dry pulses and protein crops for the production of grain (including seed and mixtures of cereals and pulses)

CLND 092 – – – Organic farming root crops

CLND 093 – – – – Organic farming potatoes (including seed potatoes)

CLND 094 – – – – Organic farming sugar beet (excluding seed)

CLND 095 – – – Organic farming industrial crops

CLND 096 – – – – Organic farming oilseeds

CLND 097 – – – – – Organic farming soya

CLND 098 – – – Organic farming plants harvested green from arable land

CLND 099 – – – – Organic farming temporary grasses and grazings

CLND 100 – – – – Organic farming leguminous plants harvested green

CLND 101 – – – Organic farming fresh vegetables (including melons) and strawberries

CLND 102 – – – Organic farming seeds and seedlings

CLND 103 – – Organic farming permanent grassland

CLND 104 – – – Organic farming pasture and meadow, excluding rough grazings

CLND 105 – – – Organic farming rough grazings

CLND 106 – – Organic farming permanent crops (including young and temporarily abandoned plantations, excluding areas producing for own consumption only)

CLND 107 – – – Organic farming fruits, berries and nuts (excluding citrus fruits, grapes and strawberries)

CLND 108 – – – Organic farming citrus fruits

CLND 109 – – – Organic farming grapes for wines

CLND 110 – – – Organic farming olives

CLND 111 – – Organic farming vegetables, including melons and strawberries under glass or high accessible cover

Irrigation on cultivated outdoor area