ANNEX

METHODOLOGY TO DETERMINE THE CO2 SAVINGS OF THE ENGINE-ON COASTING FUNCTION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VEHICLES AND CERTAIN NOT OFF-VEHICLE CHARGING HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES

1. SYMBOLS, UNITS AND PARAMETERS

Latin symbols

CO2 — Carbon dioxide — CO2 savings [g CO2/km] idle_corr — Correction factor for the idle fuel consumption BMC — CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle during the coasting corresponding manoeuvres under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km] — CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle during the i-th coasting corresponding manoeuvres under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km] — CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle at constant speed k (i.e. 32, 35, 50, 70, 120 km/h) during the i-th constant speed event [g CO2/km] — CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle during the i-th overrun phase under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km] — CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle during the i-th overrun phase under modified testing conditions due to the battery balance [g CO2/km] — Distance driven during the i-th overrun event [km] — Distance driven during the i-th coasting event [km] ECE — Elementary urban driving cycle (part of the NEDC) EMC — CO2 emissions of the eco-innovative vehicle under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km] — CO2 emissions during the i-th idle phase [g CO2/km] — Engine synchronization CO2 emissions during the i-th coasting event [g CO2/km] — Measured fuel consumption at constant speed phase k (i.e. 32, 35, 50, 70, 120 km/h) [g/s] EUDC — Extra-Urban Driving Cycle (part of the NEDC) fstandstill — Idle fuel consumption measured during vehicle standstill [g/s] fuel_dens — Fuel density [kg/m3] facc — Fuel consumption to accelerate the engine from the idle speed to the transmission speed [l] — Driving resistance in ‘neutral’ measured under WLTP conditions for automatic and manual transmission [N] (Section 3.2) — Driving resistance during ‘overrun’ measured under WLTP conditions for automatic transmission [N] (Section 4.1) — Driving resistance during ‘overrun’ evaluated under NEDC conditions [N] (Section 4.1) — Driving resistance in NEDC as converted from WLTP conditions in neutral [N] — Driving resistance in WLTP conditions with the x-th gear engaged for manual transmission [N] Ieng — Moment of inertia of engine (engine specific) [kgm2] — Measured power of the primary battery during the i-th overrun event [W] — Measured power of the secondary battery during the i-th overrun event [W] RDCRW — Relative coasting distance under real world conditions defined as the distance travelled with coasting active divided by total driving distance per trip [%] RCDmNEDC — Relative coasting distance under modified testing conditions defined as the distance travelled with coasting active divided by total driving distance of the mNEDC [%] UF — Usage factor of the coasting technology defined as — Uncertainty of the CO2 savings [g CO2/km] — Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean of the CO2 emissions of the eco-innovative vehicle under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km] SUF — Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean of the usage factor — Engine drag time of the i-th overrun event [h] — Duration of the i-th coasting event [s] — Minimum time for constant speed phases after acceleration or coasting deceleration [s] — Minimum time after every coasting deceleration to a standstill or constant speed phase [s] — Engine friction torque (engine specific) [Nm] vmin — Minimum speed for coasting [km/h] vmax — Maximum speed for coasting [km/h] — Constant driving speed k (i.e. 32, 35, 50, 70, 120 km/h) during the i-th constant speed event [km/h]

Greek symbols

ηDCDC — DC/DC Converter efficiency, which is set equal to 0,92 ηbat_discharge — Battery discharge efficiency, which is set equal to 0,94 ηalternator — Alternator efficiency, which is set equal to 0,67 ΔRESdrag — Difference between the driving resistance in ‘neutral’ gear position, during ‘overrun’ and measured under WLTP conditions [N] — Delta power due to WLTP driving resistance dyno settings occurring in the i-th constant speed event [W] — Difference of the vehicle driving resistance between the WLTP and NEDC occurring in the i-th constant speed event [N] Δtacc — Time needed to accelerate the engine from idle speed to synchronisation speed [s] Δγacc — Delta rotational angle [rad] Δωacc — Delta engine speed (from idle speed ωidle to the synchronization speed ωsync) [rad/s]

2. TEST VEHICLES

The test vehicles shall fulfil the following requirements:

(a) Eco-innovative vehicle: a vehicle with the innovative technology installed and active in default or predominant driving mode. The predominant driving mode is the driving mode that is always selected when the vehicle is switched on regardless of the operating mode selected when the vehicle was previously shut down. The engine-on coasting function shall not be deactivated by the driver in the predominant driving mode;

(b) Baseline vehicle: a vehicle that in all aspects is identical to the eco-innovative vehicle with the exception of the innovative technology, which is either not installed or deactivated in default or predominant driving mode; The baseline vehicle tested may be the eco-innovative vehicle on the condition that a short brake action is applied before the deceleration events so as to avoid the coasting events that would normally appear due to the coasting function installed in the eco-innovative vehicle as, in principle, the coasting function can be inhibited by pressing the brake pedal before the deceleration events. The brake action temporarily inhibits the coasting function until the subsequent driving event.

3. DEFINITION OF THE MODIFIED TESTING CONDITIONS

The steps defining the modified testing conditions are as follows:

1. Definition of the Road Loads;

2. Definition of the Coast Down Curve in engine-on coasting mode;

3. Generation of the modified NEDC speed profile (mNEDC);

4. Coasting corresponding manoeuvres for the baseline vehicle;

3.1. Definition of the Road Loads

The road loads of the baseline and eco-innovative vehicle shall be determined in accordance with the procedure set out in Sub-Annex 4 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 and be converted into NEDC road loads for vehicle high and low in accordance with point 2.3.8 of Annex I to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153 (1).

3.2. Definition of the Coast Down Curve in engine-on coasting mode

The coast down curve in engine-on coasting mode is defined as the coast down curve with the gear position in ‘neutral’, as determined during the type approval procedure in accordance with Sub-Annex 4 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 and corrected to the corresponding NEDC coast down curve in accordance with point 2.3.8 of Annex I to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153.

3.3. Generation of the modified NEDC speed profile (mNEDC)

The speed profile of the mNEDC shall be generated in accordance with the following:

(a) The test sequence is composed of an urban cycle made of four elementary urban cycles and an extra-urban cycle;

(b) All acceleration ramps are identical to the NEDC speed profile;

(c) All constant speed levels are identical to the NEDC speed profile;

(d) The speed and time tolerances shall be in accordance with paragraph 1.4 of Annex 7 to UN/ECE Regulation No 101;

(e) The deviation from the NEDC profile shall be minimised and the overall distance must comply with the NEDC specified tolerances;

(f) The distance at the end of each deceleration phase of the mNEDC profile shall be equal to the distance at the end of each deceleration phase of the NEDC profile;

(g) During coasting phases the internal combustion engine (ICE) is decoupled and no active correction of the vehicle’s speed trajectory is permitted;

(h) Lower speed limit for coasting vmin: The coasting mode has to be disabled at the lower speed limit for coasting (15 km/h) by engaging the brake;

(i) In technically justified cases and in agreement with the type approval authority, the manufacturer may select the speed vmin at a higher speed than 15 km/h;

(j) Minimum stop time: The minimum time after every coasting deceleration to a standstill or constant speed phase is 2 seconds;

(k) Minimum time for constant speed phases: The minimum time for constant speed phases after acceleration or coasting deceleration is 2 seconds. For technical reasons this value can be increased and it shall be recorded in the test report;

(l) The coasting mode can be enabled if the speed is below the maximum speed of the test cycle, i.e. 120 km/h

3.3.1. Gearshift profile generation for vehicles with manual gearbox

For vehicles with manual gearbox, the gearshift Tables 1 and 2 in Annex 4a of Regulation UNECE 83 shall be adapted on the basis of the following:

1. The gearshift selection during vehicle acceleration is as defined for the NEDC;

2. The timing for the downshifts of the modified NEDC differs from the one of the NEDC in order to avoid downshifts during coasting phases (e.g. anticipated before deceleration phases).

The pre-defined shift points for the ECE and EUDC portion of the NEDC, as described in Table 1 and Table 2 of Annex 4a to Regulation UNECE 83, shall be modified in accordance with Table 1 and Table 2 shown below.

Table 1

Operation Phase Acceleration (m/s2) Speed (km/h) Duration of each Cumulative time (s) Gear to be used Operation (s) Phase (s) Idling 1 0 0 11 11 11 6s PM+5sK1 (1) Acceleration 2 1,04 0-15 4 4 15 1 Steady speed 3 0 15 9 8 23 1 Deceleration 4 – 0,69 15-10 2 5 25 1 Deceleration, clutch disengaged – 0,92 10-0 3 28 K1 (1) Idling 5 0 0 21 21 49 16s PM+5sK(1) Acceleration 6 0,83 0-15 5 12 54 1 Gear change 15 2 56 Acceleration 0,94 15-32 5 61 2 Steady speed 7 0 32 tconst1 tconst1 61+tconst1 2 Deceleration 8 coast down [32-dv1] Δtcd1 Δtcd1 + 8 -Δt1 + 3 61+tconst1+Δtcd1 2 Deceleration – 0,75 [32-dv1]-10 8-Δt1 69+tconst1+Δtcd1-Δt1 2 Deceleration, clutch disengaged – 0,92 10-0 3 72+tconst1+Δtcd1-Δt1 K 2 (1) Idling 9 0 0 21-Δt1 117 16s-Δt1PM+5sK1 (1) Acceleration 10 0,83 0-15 5 26 122 1 Gear change 15 2 124 Acceleration 0,62 15-35 9 133 2 Gear change 35 2 135 Acceleration 0,52 35-50 8 143 3 Steady speed 11 0 50 tconst2 tconst2 tconst2 3 Deceleration coast down [50- dv2] Δtcd2 Δtcd2 tconst2+Δtcd2 3 Deceleration 12 – 0,52 [50- dv2]-35 8-Δt2 8-Δt2 tconst2+Δtcd2 + 8-Δt2 3 Steady speed 13 0 35 tconst3 tconst3 tconst2+Δtcd2 + 8-Δt2+tconst3 3 Gear change 14 35 2 12+Δtcd3-Δt3 tconst2+Δtcd2 + 10-Δt2+tconst3 Deceleration coast down [35- dv3] Δtcd3 tconst2+Δtcd2 + 10-Δt2+tconst3+Δtcd3 2 Deceleration – 0,99 [35- dv3]-10 7-Δt3 tconst2+Δtcd2 + 17-Δt2+tconst3+Δtcd3-Δt3 2 Deceleration clutch disengaged – 0,92 10-0 3 tconst2+Δtcd2 + 20-Δt2+tconst3+Δtcd3-Δt3 K2 (1) Idling 15 0 0 7-Δt3 7-Δt3 tconst2+Δtcd2 + 27-Δt2+tconst3+Δtcd3-2*Δt3 7s-Δt3PM(1)





Table 2

No of operation Operation Phase Acceleration (m/s2) Speed (km/h) Duration of each Cumulative time(s) Gear to be used Operation (s) Phase (s) 1 Idling 1 0 0 20 20 K1 (2) 2 Acceleration 2 0,83 0-15 5 41 1 3 Gear change 15 2 — 4 Acceleration 0,62 15-35 9 2 5 Gear change 35 2 — 6 Acceleration 0,52 35-50 8 3 7 Gear change 50 2 — 8 Acceleration 0,43 50-70 13 4 9 Steady speed 3 0 70 tconst4 tconst4 5 9’ Deceleration 3’ coastdown 70-dv4 (*2) Δtcd4 Δtcd4 5 10 Deceleration 4 coastdown, (*1)-0,69 dv4 (*2)-50 8-Δtcd4 8-Δtcd4 4 11 Steady speed 5 0 50 69 69 4 12 Acceleration 6 0,43 50-70 13 13 4 13 Steady speed 7 0 70 50 50 5 14 Acceleration 8 0,24 70-100 35 35 5 15 Steady speed (3) 9 0 100 30 30 5 (3) 16 Acceleration (3) 10 0,28 100-120 20 20 5 (3) 17 Steady speed (3) 11 0 120 tconst5 tconst5 5 (3) 17’ Deceleration (3) coastdown [120- dv5] Δtcd5 Δtcd5 5 (3) 18-end If dv5 ≥ 80 Deceleration (3) 12 – 0,69 [120-dv5]-80 16-Δt5 34-Δt5 5 (3) Deceleration (3) – 1,04 80-50 8 5 (3) Deceleration, clutch disengaged 1,39 50-0 10 K5 (2) Idling 13 0 0 20-Δt5 20-Δt5 PM (2) If 50 < dv5 < 80 Deceleration (3) – 1,04 [120-dv5]-50 8-Δt5 18-Δt5 5 (3) Deceleration, clutch disengaged 1,39 50-0 10 K5 (2) Idling 13 0 0 20-Δt5 20-Δt5 PM (2) If dv5 ≤ 50 Deceleration, clutch disengaged 1,39 [120-dv5] 10-Δt5 10-Δt5 K5 (2) Idling 13 0 0 20-Δt5 20-Δt5 PM (2)

For the definition of the terms in Table 1 and Table 2 please refer to UNECE Regulation 83.

For vehicles with manual transmissions, coasting shall be interrupted during the deceleration from 70 km/h down to 50 km/h as gear shift is commanded from 5th to 4th gear. The gear shift shall interrupt the coasting and the vehicle shall follow the same pre-defined deceleration as in the NEDC until the vehicle reaches 50 km/h. In this case, only the coasting phase before the interruption will be considered in the calculation of the CO2 savings resulting from the implementation of the coasting on function.

3.4. Coasting corresponding manoeuvres for the baseline vehicle

For each coasting event identified in the mNEDC for the eco-innovative vehicle, a corresponding manoeuvre shall be determined for the baseline vehicle. These manoeuvres shall be composed of a constant speed phase followed by a deceleration phase with engine in overrun conditions (i.e. the engine rotation is caused by the vehicle movement, the gas pedal is released and no fuel is injected), without braking, and they shall fulfil the speed tolerances and distances of the coasting manoeuvres as defined in UNECE Regulation 83. During these manoeuvres, the gearbox shall be engaged in case of automatic transmission, or the speed specific gear shall be engaged as set out in Section 3.3.1 in case of manual transmission.

In order to comply with points (a)-(l) of Section 3.3, the same distance must be covered under the NEDC and mNEDC. Since the distance covered by the baseline vehicle in overrun is shorter than the distance covered during coasting by the eco-innovative vehicle, due to the higher deceleration rate of the baseline vehicle, the difference in the distance to be covered by the baseline vehicle shall be supplemented by constant speed driving phases, where the constant speed driven shall be the speed of the baseline vehicle at the start of the coasting event prior to the engine overrun phases. In case the end speed of the coasting manoeuvre is not zero, the additional distances (Δs) shall be achieved in two sections at start speed and end speed respectively.

To determine the constant speed driving duration before the start of the coasting event and after the end of the coasting event , the following system of linear equations (Formula 1) shall be used:

Formula 1

where:

Δs is the additional distance driven at constant speed by the baseline vehicle in comparison with the eco-innovative vehicle [m] Δt is the duration of the additional distance driven at constant speed by the baseline in comparison with the eco-innovative vehicle [s] scoast is the distance covered during coasting by the eco-innovative vehicle [m] sdrag is the distance covered during overrun by the baseline vehicle [m] vstart is the speed at the start of the manoeuvre (coasting or overrun) [m/s] vend is the speed at the end of the manoeuvre (coasting or overrun) [m/s] is the instant of time in which the overrun event begins [s] is the instant of time in which the overrun event ends [s] tcoast is the duration of the coasting event [s] tdrag is the duration of the overrun event [s].

4. DETERMINATION OF THE ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS

The following tests shall be performed right after the WLTP Type I test in order to define the additional parameters required in the testing methodology:

— Coast down in overrun mode (valid for the baseline vehicle) to measure the driving resistance during overrun phases (Section 4.1);

— Constant speed test (valid for the baseline vehicle) to measure the constant speed fuel consumption. The test is based on a specific testing cycle composed by constant speed segments at 120, 70, 50, 35 and 32 km/h (Section 4.2);

— Idle test (valid for the eco-innovative vehicle) to measure the idle fuel consumption (Section 4.3);

— Engine synchronization energy determination (Section 4.4).

4.1. Coast down in overrun mode (baseline vehicle)

In order to measure the driving resistance in overrun mode, a coast down with the gearbox engaged shall be performed (see Figure 2). The test shall be repeated three times as a minimum and shall be performed after the WLTP type I test during the Type Approval with a maximum time lag of 15 minutes. The coast down curve shall be recorded at least three times in a row.

4.1.1. Automatic transmission

The vehicle can be accelerated by itself or by the dynamometer to a minimum speed of 130 km/h.

During each coast down, the driving resistance forces, the generator and battery current of all batteries shall be measured with steps of maximum 10 km/h.

The driving resistance in overrun mode shall be converted from WLTP settings to NEDC settings in accordance with Formula 2:

Formula 2

where:

ΔRESdrag is the difference between the driving resistance in overrun condition and in neutral, measured under WLTP conditions [N] is the driving resistance measured as described in Section 3.2 [N] is the driving resistance in overrun condition, measured under WLTP conditions [N] is the driving resistance in NEDC as converted in accordance with point 2.3.8 of Annex I to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153, as described in Section 3.2 [N].

4.1.2. Manual transmission

For vehicles with manual transmission, the coast down shall be repeated at different vehicle speeds and gears, at least three times for each gear:

— Accelerate by using the engine to minimum 130 km/h and stabilize for 5s, then start the coast down in the highest gear and measure between 120-60 km/h;

— Accelerate by using the engine to 90 km/h and stabilize for 5s, then start the coast down in gear 5 and measure between 70-60 km/h;

— Accelerate by using the engine to 70 km/h and stabilize for 5s, then start the coast down in gear 3 and measure between 55-35 km/h;

— Accelerate by using the engine to 60 km/h and stabilize for 5s, then start the coast down in gear 2 and measure between 40-15 km/h.

During each coast down, the driving resistance forces and the generator and battery current [A] of all batteries shall be measured with steps of maximum 10 km/h.

The driving resistance in overrun mode shall be converted from WLTP settings to NEDC settings, in accordance with Formula 3, for each gear x:

Formula 3

4.1.3. Load balance of the battery in overrun mode

The load balance of the battery/batteries during the overrun phases shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 4 or 5.

In case the vehicle is equipped with a primary and a secondary battery, Formula 4 applies:

Formula 4

where:

: Energy recuperated during the i-th overrun event, as arithmetic mean of the values obtained from each coast down test in overrun mode [Wh]; : Duration of the i-th overrun event [h]; : Average (over the overrun test repetitions) measured power of the primary battery during the i-th overrun event [W]; : Average (over the overrun test repetitions) measured power of the secondary battery during the i-th overrun event [W]; ηDCDC : DC/DC Converter efficiency, which is set equal to 0,92; if no DC/DC Converter is present, this value is set equal to 1.

In case only one battery (i.e. the 12V battery) is available, Formula 5 applies instead:

Formula 5

The recuperated energy is converted into CO2 emissions by using Formula 6:

Formula 6

where:

ηbat_discharge : Battery discharge efficiency, which is 0,94; ηalternator : Alternator efficiency, which is 0,67; : Distance driven during the i-th overrun event [km]; Vpe : Consumption of effective power as specified in Table 3; CF : Conversion factor as defined in Table 4.

Table 3

Consumption of effective power

Type of engine Consumption of effective power (Vpe) l/kWh Petrol 0,264 Petrol Turbo 0,280 Diesel 0,220





Table 4

Fuel conversion factor

Type of fuel Conversion factor (CF) g CO2/l Petrol 2 330 Diesel 2 640

4.2. Constant speed test

The constant driving speed phase fuel consumption shall be measured on a chassis dynamometer by using the on-board-fuel and/or energy consumption monitoring device (OBFCM) meeting the requirements set out in Annex XXII to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.

The measurement of the fuel consumption is based on a driving pattern which includes all the NEDC constant driving speed phases at 32, 35, 50, 70 and 120 km/h. To ensure equal NEDC shifting points and selected gears for manual transmission vehicles, the sequence of the constant driving speed phases shall be as specified in Figure 3.

Each constant speed phase has a duration of 90 seconds, subdivided into 20 seconds for speed and emission stabilization, 60 seconds during which OBFCM measurement takes place and 10 seconds preparation time for the driver for the upcoming driving manoeuvre.

The speed and acceleration profiles are described in the Appendix to this Annex.

The constant speed test shall be performed after the Coast Down test in overrun mode is performed as set out in Section 4.1.

In order to obtain the NEDC constant speed fuel consumption, the results from the measurements carried out with the WLTP type approval dynamometer settings (vehicle road load and vehicle weight) have to be corrected to NEDC conditions as follows:

Formula 7

Formula 8

where:

: CO2 emissions at constant speed k (i.e. 32, 35, 50, 70, 120 km/h) during the i-th constant speed event [g CO2/km]; : Measured (WLTP) fuel consumption at constant speed k (i.e. 32, 35, 50, 70, 120 km/h) as arithmetic mean of the measurements [g/s]; : Duration of the i-th constant speed event [s]; : Distance driven during the i-th constant speed event [km]; fuel_dens : Fuel density [kg/m3]; : Delta power due to WLTP driving resistance dyno settings occurring in the i-th constant speed event [kW]; : Difference of vehicle driving resistance calculated between the WLTP and NEDC driving resistance dynamometer settings occurring in the i-th constant speed event as determined in Section 4.1 [N]; : Constant driving speed k (i.e. 32, 35, 50, 70, 120 km/h) during the i-th constant speed event [km/h].

The generator and battery current of all batteries shall be measured and the battery SOC during each 60s measurement window shall be corrected in accordance with Appendix 2 to Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.

The fuel consumption during each constant speed phase k shall be determined as follows:

Formula 9

Formula 10

where:

J : Number of measurement points (J = 60) for each constant speed phase k (32, 35, 50, 70 and 120 km/h); : j-th fuel consumption measure at constant speed phase k (32, 35, 50, 70 and 120 km/h) [g/s]; : Standard deviation of the fuel consumption at constant speed phase k (32, 35, 50, 70 and 120 km/h).

4.3. Idle fuel consumption or idle speed test

The idle fuel consumption during coasting can be directly measured with an OBFCM meeting the requirements set out in Annex XXII to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151, and this measured value can be used for the calculation of .

As an alternative, Formula 12 can be used to calculate in accordance with the following methodology:

The engine idle fuel consumption (g/s) shall be measured using an OBFCM meeting the requirements set out in Annex XXII to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151. The measurement shall be performed just after the Type 1 test when the engine is still warm and under the following conditions:

(a) the velocity of the vehicle is zero;

(b) the start-stop system is disengaged;

(c) the battery state of charge is at balance conditions.

The vehicle shall be left to idle for 3 minutes so that it stabilizes. The fuel consumption shall be measured during 2 minutes. The first minute shall be disregarded. The idle fuel consumption shall be calculated as the average fuel consumption of the vehicle during the second minute.

A manufacturer may request that the engine idle fuel consumption measurements are used also for other vehicles belonging to the same interpolation family, provided that the engines run with the same idle speed. The manufacturer shall demonstrate to the type approval authority or technical service that those conditions are met.

Where the idle fuel consumption differs between engine on coasting and idling at standstill, a correction factor shall be applied as determined in accordance with Formula 11:

Formula 11

where:

mean engine idle speed during coasting determined in accordance with Formula 14 [rpm]; mean engine idle speed during stand-still determined in accordance with Formula 15 [rpm].

The mean engine idle speed during coasting is the arithmetic mean of the engine idle speeds measured via the OBD port during the deceleration from 130 km/h to 10 km/h, with steps of 10 km/h.

As an alternative, the ratio between the maximal possible engine speed during engine-on coasting and idle speed at standstill can be used.

In case the manufacturer can prove that the increase in engine idle speed that occurs during coasting on phases is lower than 5 % of the idle speed during standstill, idle_corr can be set equal to 1.

The corrected CO2 emissions during each phase [g CO2/km], derived from the idle fuel consumption, shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 12:

Formula 12

where:

: CO2 emissions during the i-th idle phase [gCO2/km]; : duration of the i-th coasting event [s]; : distance driven during the i-th coasting event [km]; : mean idle fuel consumption in standstill conditions [g/s], which is the arithmetic mean of 60 measurements.

The mean idle speed during coasting is measured in steps of 10 km/h, considering U measurements for each step (with a 1s resolution), and shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 13:

Formula 13

Therefore, the mean idle speed during coasting considering all H steps of 10 km/h shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 14:

Formula 14

The mean idle speed in standstill conditions shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 15:

Formula 15

where:

stand_speedl engine idle speed in standstill conditions during the l-th measurement; L number of measurement points.

4.4. Engine synchronization energy determination

The engine synchronization CO2 emissions during the i-th coasting event [g CO2/km], shall be determined in accordance with Formula 16:

Formula 16

where:

facc : fuel consumption to accelerate the engine from the idle speed to the synchronization speed [l]; CF : conversion factor as defined in Table 4 [g CO2/l]; : distance driven during the i-th coasting event [km].

Manufacturers shall provide engine synchronization fuel consumption value [l] to the type approval authority/technical service determined in accordance with the following methodology:

4.4.1. Calculation of fuel consumption to accelerate the engine from the idle speed to the synchronization speed

When a coasting event is completed, an additional amount of energy is required (Eacc) to accelerate the engine to the synchronization speed.

The energy needed to accelerate the vehicle engine to synchronization speed, Eacc, is the sum of the energies associated with the acceleration and the friction work implemented in the vehicle and shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 17:

Formula 17

Eacc = Eacc,kin + Eacc,fric

where:

Eacc,kin : Energy associated with the acceleration work implemented in the vehicle [kJ]; Eacc,fric : Energy associated with the friction work implemented in the vehicle [kJ].

These energies shall be calculated in accordance with Formulas 18 and 19, respectively.

Formula 18

where:

Ieng : Moment of inertia of engine (engine specific) [kgm2]; : Delta engine speed (from idle speed ωidle to the target/synchronization speed ωsync) [rad/s].

Formula 19

where:

: Engine friction torque (engine specific) [Nm]; Δγacc : Delta rotational angle [rad] as determined in accordance with Formula 20.

Formula 20

Δγacceng = (ωidle + 0,5•Δωacc) • Δtacc

with Δtacc as defined in Formula 21:

Formula 21:

Δtacc = tsync – tidle

Finally, the amount of fuel [l] required to reach the synchronization speed, is calculated as follows:

Formula 22

acc = (Eacc,kin + Eacc,fric)•VPe • 3,6

where:

Vpe : Consumption of effective power as specified in Table 3 [l/kWh].

5. DETERMINATION OF THE CO2 EMISSIONS OF THE ECO-INNOVATIVE VEHICLE UNDER MODIFIED TESTING CONDITIONS (EMC)

For each coasting event i, the corresponding CO2 emissions [g CO2/km] of the eco-innovative vehicle shall be determined in accordance with Formula 23:

Formula 23

where:

: CO2 emissions during the i-th idle phase as set out in point 4.3; : Engine synchronization CO2 emissions during the i-th coasting event as set out in point 4.4.

The total CO2 emissions of the eco-innovative vehicle during coasting events under modified testing conditions (EMC) [g CO2/km] shall be determined in accordance with Formula 24:

Formula 24

where

I : Total number of coasting events (for the eco-innovative vehicle) and corresponding driving manoeuvres (for the baseline vehicle); i : i-th coasting event (for the eco-innovative vehicle) and corresponding driving manoeuvre (for the baseline vehicle).

6. DETERMINATION OF THE CO2 EMISSIONS OF THE BASELINE VEHICLE UNDER MODIFIED CONDITIONS (BMC)

For each coasting corresponding manoeuvre i, as described in Section 3.4, the CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle under modified conditions [g CO2/km] shall be determined in accordance with Formula 25:

Formula 25

The total CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle under modified conditions BMC [g CO2/km] shall be determined in accordance with Formula 26:

Formula 26

where:

CO2 emissions (arithmetic mean) of the baseline vehicle during the i-th overrun phase under modified testing conditions due to the battery balance [g CO2/km] as defined with Formula 6; CO2 emissions at constant speed k (i.e. 32, 35, 50, 70, 120 km/h) during the i-th constant speed event [g CO2/km] as defined with Formula 7.

7. CALCULATION OF CO2 SAVINGS

The CO2 savings of the engine-on coasting function shall be determined in accordance with Formula 27:

Formula 27

where

: CO2 savings [g CO2/km]; BMC : CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle during the manoeuvres corresponding with coasting events under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km]; EMC : CO2 emissions of the eco-innovative vehicle during coasting events under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km]; UFMC : Usage factor of the coasting technology under modified conditions, which is 0,52 for vehicles equipped with automatic transmission and 0,48 for vehicles equipped with manual transmission with an automated clutch.

8. CALCULATION OF THE UNCERTAINTY

The uncertainty of the CO2 savings shall not exceed 0,5 g CO2/km.

This uncertainty of the CO2 savings shall be calculated as follows:

Formula 28

where

: Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean of the CO2 emissions of the baseline vehicle during the manoeuvres corresponding with coasting events under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km], determined in accordance with Formula 29; : Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean of the CO2 emissions of the eco-innovative vehicle during coasting events under modified testing conditions [g CO2/km] determined in accordance with Formulas 30 to 34; sUF : Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean of the usage factor, which is 0,027.

is determined as follows:

Formula 29

where:

and

is determined as follows, depending on the value of fidle:

If fidle = fidle_meas:

Formula 30

If fidle = fstandstill:

Formula 31

If fidle = idle_corr • fstandstill:

Formula 32

where:

Formula 33

and:

Formula 34

9. CERTIFICATION OF CO2 SAVINGS BY THE TYPE APPROVAL AUTHORITY

The type approval authority shall, for each vehicle version fitted with the engine-on coasting function, certify the CO2 savings in accordance with Article 11 of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011, by taking the lowest of the CO2 savings determined respectively for vehicle low and vehicle high of the interpolation family to which the vehicle version belongs.

In determining the CO2 savings and assessing them against the minimum savings threshold of 1 g CO2/km, the uncertainty of the CO2 savings determined in accordance with Section 8 shall be taken into account as set out in Section 10.

The uncertainty of the CO2 savings shall be calculated for both vehicle low and vehicle high of the interpolation family. In case that in one of those vehicles, the criteria set out in sections 8 or 10 are not fulfilled, the type approval authority shall not certify savings for any of the vehicles belonging in the respective interpolation family.

10. ASSESSMENT AGAINST THE MINIMUM THRESHOLD

Taking into account the uncertainty determined in accordance with section 8, the CO2 savings shall exceed the minimum threshold of 1 g CO2/km specified in Article 9(1) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011, as follows:

Formula 35

where

MT : Minimum threshold (1 g CO2/km); : CO2 savings [g CO2/km]; : uncertainty of the CO2 savings [g CO2/km].

Where the minimum threshold is met in accordance with Formula 35, the second subparagraph of Article 11(2) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011 shall apply.

Appendix 1 Cycle for constant speed fuel consumption measurement Time Speed Acceleration * Gear for manual transmission [s] [km/h] [m/s2] [-] 0 0,0 0,00 Neutral 1 0,0 0,00 Neutral 2 0,0 0,00 Neutral 3 0,0 0,00 Neutral 4 0,0 0,00 Neutral 5 0,0 0,00 Neutral 6 0,0 0,00 Neutral 7 0,0 0,00 Neutral 8 0,0 0,00 Neutral 9 0,0 0,00 Neutral 10 0,0 0,00 Neutral 11 0,0 0,00 Neutral 12 0,0 0,00 Neutral 13 0,0 0,00 Neutral 14 0,0 0,00 Clutch 15 0,0 0,69 1 16 2,5 0,69 1 17 5,0 0,69 1 18 7,5 0,69 1 19 9,9 0,69 1 20 12,4 0,69 1 21 14,9 0,51 1 22 16,7 0,51 2 23 18,6 0,51 2 24 20,4 0,51 2 25 22,2 0,51 2 26 24,1 0,51 2 27 25,9 0,51 2 28 27,8 0,51 2 29 29,6 0,51 2 30 31,4 0,51 2 31 33,3 0,51 2 32 35,1 0,42 2 33 36,6 0,42 3 34 38,1 0,42 3 35 39,6 0,42 3 36 41,1 0,42 3 37 42,7 0,42 3 38 44,2 0,42 3 39 45,7 0,42 3 40 47,2 0,42 3 41 48,7 0,42 3 42 50,2 0,40 3 43 51,7 0,40 4 44 53,1 0,40 4 45 54,5 0,40 4 46 56,0 0,40 4 47 57,4 0,40 4 48 58,9 0,40 4 49 60,3 0,40 4 50 61,7 0,40 4 51 63,2 0,40 4 52 64,6 0,40 4 53 66,1 0,40 4 54 67,5 0,40 4 55 68,9 0,40 4 56 70,4 0,24 5 57 71,2 0,24 5 58 72,1 0,24 5 59 73,0 0,24 5 60 73,8 0,24 5 61 74,7 0,24 5 62 75,6 0,24 5 63 76,4 0,24 5 64 77,3 0,24 5 65 78,2 0,24 5 66 79,0 0,24 5 67 79,9 0,24 5 68 80,7 0,24 5 69 81,6 0,24 5 70 82,5 0,24 5 71 83,3 0,24 5 72 84,2 0,24 5 73 85,1 0,24 5 74 85,9 0,24 5 75 86,8 0,24 5 76 87,7 0,24 5 77 88,5 0,24 5 78 89,4 0,24 5 79 90,3 0,24 5 80 91,1 0,24 5 81 92,0 0,24 5 82 92,8 0,24 5 83 93,7 0,24 5 84 94,6 0,24 5 85 95,4 0,24 5 86 96,3 0,24 5 87 97,2 0,24 5 88 98,0 0,24 5 89 98,9 0,24 5 90 99,8 0,24 5 91 100,6 0,28 5/6 92 101,6 0,28 5/6 93 102,6 0,28 5/6 94 103,6 0,28 5/6 95 104,7 0,28 5/6 96 105,7 0,28 5/6 97 106,7 0,28 5/6 98 107,7 0,28 5/6 99 108,7 0,28 5/6 100 109,7 0,28 5/6 101 110,7 0,28 5/6 102 111,7 0,28 5/6 103 112,7 0,28 5/6 104 113,7 0,28 5/6 105 114,7 0,28 5/6 106 115,7 0,28 5/6 107 116,7 0,28 5/6 108 117,8 0,28 5/6 109 118,8 0,28 5/6 110 119,8 0,00 5/6 111 120,0 0,00 5/6 112 120,0 0,00 5/6 113 120,0 0,00 5/6 114 120,0 0,00 5/6 115 120,0 0,00 5/6 116 120,0 0,00 5/6 117 120,0 0,00 5/6 118 120,0 0,00 5/6 119 120,0 0,00 5/6 120 120,0 0,00 5/6 121 120,0 0,00 5/6 122 120,0 0,00 5/6 123 120,0 0,00 5/6 124 120,0 0,00 5/6 125 120,0 0,00 5/6 126 120,0 0,00 5/6 127 120,0 0,00 5/6 128 120,0 0,00 5/6 129 120,0 0,00 5/6 130 120,0 0,00 5/6 131 120,0 0,00 5/6 132 120,0 0,00 5/6 133 120,0 0,00 5/6 134 120,0 0,00 5/6 135 120,0 0,00 5/6 136 120,0 0,00 5/6 137 120,0 0,00 5/6 138 120,0 0,00 5/6 139 120,0 0,00 5/6 140 120,0 0,00 5/6 141 120,0 0,00 5/6 142 120,0 0,00 5/6 143 120,0 0,00 5/6 144 120,0 0,00 5/6 145 120,0 0,00 5/6 146 120,0 0,00 5/6 147 120,0 0,00 5/6 148 120,0 0,00 5/6 149 120,0 0,00 5/6 150 120,0 0,00 5/6 151 120,0 0,00 5/6 152 120,0 0,00 5/6 153 120,0 0,00 5/6 154 120,0 0,00 5/6 155 120,0 0,00 5/6 156 120,0 0,00 5/6 157 120,0 0,00 5/6 158 120,0 0,00 5/6 159 120,0 0,00 5/6 160 120,0 0,00 5/6 161 120,0 0,00 5/6 162 120,0 0,00 5/6 163 120,0 0,00 5/6 164 120,0 0,00 5/6 165 120,0 0,00 5/6 166 120,0 0,00 5/6 167 120,0 0,00 5/6 168 120,0 0,00 5/6 169 120,0 0,00 5/6 170 120,0 0,00 5/6 171 120,0 0,00 5/6 172 120,0 0,00 5/6 173 120,0 0,00 5/6 174 120,0 0,00 5/6 175 120,0 0,00 5/6 176 120,0 0,00 5/6 177 120,0 0,00 5/6 178 120,0 0,00 5/6 179 120,0 0,00 5/6 180 120,0 0,00 5/6 181 120,0 0,00 5/6 182 120,0 0,00 5/6 183 120,0 0,00 5/6 184 120,0 0,00 5/6 185 120,0 0,00 5/6 186 120,0 0,00 5/6 187 120,0 0,00 5/6 188 120,0 0,00 5/6 189 120,0 0,00 5/6 190 120,0 0,00 5/6 191 120,0 0,00 5/6 192 120,0 0,00 5/6 193 120,0 0,00 5/6 194 120,0 0,00 5/6 195 120,0 0,00 5/6 196 120,0 0,00 5/6 197 120,0 0,00 5/6 198 120,0 0,00 5/6 199 120,0 0,00 5/6 200 120,0 0,00 5/6 201 120,0 0,00 5/6 202 120,0 – 0,69 5/6 203 117,5 – 0,69 5/6 204 115,0 – 0,69 5/6 205 112,5 – 0,69 5/6 206 110,1 – 0,69 5/6 207 107,6 – 0,69 5/6 208 105,1 – 0,69 5/6 209 102,6 – 0,69 5/6 210 100,1 – 0,69 5/6 211 97,6 – 0,69 5/6 212 95,2 – 0,69 5/6 213 92,7 – 0,69 5/6 214 90,2 – 0,69 5/6 215 87,7 – 0,69 5/6 216 85,2 – 0,69 5/6 217 82,7 – 0,69 5/6 218 80,3 – 1,04 5/6 219 76,5 – 1,04 5/6 220 72,8 – 1,04 5/6 221 69,0 – 1,04 5/6 222 65,3 – 1,04 5/6 223 61,5 – 1,04 5/6 224 57,8 – 1,04 5/6 225 54,0 – 1,04 5/6 226 50,3 – 1,39 Clutch 227 45,3 – 1,39 Clutch 228 40,3 – 1,39 Clutch 229 35,3 – 1,39 Clutch 230 30,3 – 1,39 Clutch 231 25,3 – 1,39 Clutch 232 20,3 0,00 2 233 20,0 0,00 2 234 20,0 0,00 2 235 20,0 0,00 2 236 20,0 0,00 2 237 20,0 0,00 2 238 20,0 0,00 2 239 20,0 0,00 2 240 20,0 0,00 2 241 20,0 0,00 2 242 20,0 0,00 2 243 20,0 0,00 2 244 20,0 0,00 2 245 20,0 0,00 2 246 20,0 0,00 2 247 20,0 0,00 2 248 20,0 0,00 2 249 20,0 0,00 2 250 20,0 0,00 2 251 20,0 0,79 2 252 22,8 0,79 2 253 25,7 0,79 2 254 28,5 0,79 2 255 31,4 0,79 2 256 32,0 0,00 2 257 32,0 0,00 2 258 32,0 0,00 2 259 32,0 0,00 2 260 32,0 0,00 2 261 32,0 0,00 2 262 32,0 0,00 2 263 32,0 0,00 2 264 32,0 0,00 2 265 32,0 0,00 2 266 32,0 0,00 2 267 32,0 0,00 2 268 32,0 0,00 2 269 32,0 0,00 2 270 32,0 0,00 2 271 32,0 0,00 2 272 32,0 0,00 2 273 32,0 0,00 2 274 32,0 0,00 2 275 32,0 0,00 2 276 32,0 0,00 2 277 32,0 0,00 2 278 32,0 0,00 2 279 32,0 0,00 2 280 32,0 0,00 2 281 32,0 0,00 2 282 32,0 0,00 2 283 32,0 0,00 2 284 32,0 0,00 2 285 32,0 0,00 2 286 32,0 0,00 2 287 32,0 0,00 2 288 32,0 0,00 2 289 32,0 0,00 2 290 32,0 0,00 2 291 32,0 0,00 2 292 32,0 0,00 2 293 32,0 0,00 2 294 32,0 0,00 2 295 32,0 0,00 2 296 32,0 0,00 2 297 32,0 0,00 2 298 32,0 0,00 2 299 32,0 0,00 2 300 32,0 0,00 2 301 32,0 0,00 2 302 32,0 0,00 2 303 32,0 0,00 2 304 32,0 0,00 2 305 32,0 0,00 2 306 32,0 0,00 2 307 32,0 0,00 2 308 32,0 0,00 2 309 32,0 0,00 2 310 32,0 0,00 2 311 32,0 0,00 2 312 32,0 0,00 2 313 32,0 0,00 2 314 32,0 0,00 2 315 32,0 0,00 2 316 32,0 0,00 2 317 32,0 0,00 2 318 32,0 0,00 2 319 32,0 0,00 2 320 32,0 0,00 2 321 32,0 0,00 2 322 32,0 0,00 2 323 32,0 0,00 2 324 32,0 0,00 2 325 32,0 0,00 2 326 32,0 0,00 2 327 32,0 0,00 2 328 32,0 0,00 2 329 32,0 0,00 2 330 32,0 0,00 2 331 32,0 0,00 2 332 32,0 0,00 2 333 32,0 0,00 2 334 32,0 0,00 2 335 32,0 0,00 2 336 32,0 0,00 2 337 32,0 0,00 2 338 32,0 0,00 2 339 32,0 0,00 2 340 32,0 0,00 2 341 32,0 0,00 2 342 32,0 0,00 2 343 32,0 0,00 2 344 32,0 0,00 2 345 32,0 0,46 2 346 33,7 0,46 2 347 35,3 0,46 3 348 37,0 0,46 3 349 38,6 0,46 3 350 40,3 0,46 3 351 41,9 0,46 3 352 43,6 0,46 3 353 45,2 0,46 3 354 46,9 0,46 3 355 48,6 0,46 3 356 50,0 0,00 3 357 50,0 0,00 3 358 50,0 0,00 3 359 50,0 0,00 3 360 50,0 0,00 3 361 50,0 0,00 3 362 50,0 0,00 3 363 50,0 0,00 3 364 50,0 0,00 3 365 50,0 0,00 3 366 50,0 0,00 3 367 50,0 0,00 3 368 50,0 0,00 3 369 50,0 0,00 3 370 50,0 0,00 3 371 50,0 0,00 3 372 50,0 0,00 3 373 50,0 0,00 3 374 50,0 0,00 3 375 50,0 0,00 3 376 50,0 0,00 3 377 50,0 0,00 3 378 50,0 0,00 3 379 50,0 0,00 3 380 50,0 0,00 3 381 50,0 0,00 3 382 50,0 0,00 3 383 50,0 0,00 3 384 50,0 0,00 3 385 50,0 0,00 3 386 50,0 0,00 3 387 50,0 0,00 3 388 50,0 0,00 3 389 50,0 0,00 3 390 50,0 0,00 3 391 50,0 0,00 3 392 50,0 0,00 3 393 50,0 0,00 3 394 50,0 0,00 3 395 50,0 0,00 3 396 50,0 0,00 3 397 50,0 0,00 3 398 50,0 0,00 3 399 50,0 0,00 3 400 50,0 0,00 3 401 50,0 0,00 3 402 50,0 0,00 3 403 50,0 0,00 3 404 50,0 0,00 3 405 50,0 0,00 3 406 50,0 0,00 3 407 50,0 0,00 3 408 50,0 0,00 3 409 50,0 0,00 3 410 50,0 0,00 3 411 50,0 0,00 3 412 50,0 0,00 3 413 50,0 0,00 3 414 50,0 0,00 3 415 50,0 0,00 3 416 50,0 0,00 3 417 50,0 0,00 3 418 50,0 0,00 3 419 50,0 0,00 3 420 50,0 0,00 3 421 50,0 0,00 3 422 50,0 0,00 3 423 50,0 0,00 3 424 50,0 0,00 3 425 50,0 0,00 3 426 50,0 0,00 3 427 50,0 0,00 3 428 50,0 0,00 3 429 50,0 0,00 3 430 50,0 0,00 3 431 50,0 0,00 3 432 50,0 0,00 3 433 50,0 0,00 3 434 50,0 0,00 3 435 50,0 0,00 3 436 50,0 0,00 3 437 50,0 0,00 3 438 50,0 0,00 3 439 50,0 0,00 3 440 50,0 0,00 3 441 50,0 0,00 3 442 50,0 0,00 3 443 50,0 0,00 3 444 50,0 0,00 3 445 50,0 – 0,52 3 446 48,1 – 0,52 3 447 46,3 – 0,52 3 448 44,4 – 0,52 3 449 42,5 – 0,52 3 450 40,6 – 0,52 3 451 38,8 – 0,52 3 452 36,9 – 0,52 3 453 35,0 0,00 3 454 35,0 0,00 3 455 35,0 0,00 3 456 35,0 0,00 3 457 35,0 0,00 3 458 35,0 0,00 3 459 35,0 0,00 3 460 35,0 0,00 3 461 35,0 0,00 3 462 35,0 0,00 3 463 35,0 0,00 3 464 35,0 0,00 3 465 35,0 0,00 3 466 35,0 0,00 3 467 35,0 0,00 3 468 35,0 0,00 3 469 35,0 0,00 3 470 35,0 0,00 3 471 35,0 0,00 3 472 35,0 0,00 3 473 35,0 0,00 3 474 35,0 0,00 3 475 35,0 0,00 3 476 35,0 0,00 3 477 35,0 0,00 3 478 35,0 0,00 3 479 35,0 0,00 3 480 35,0 0,00 3 481 35,0 0,00 3 482 35,0 0,00 3 483 35,0 0,00 3 484 35,0 0,00 3 485 35,0 0,00 3 486 35,0 0,00 3 487 35,0 0,00 3 488 35,0 0,00 3 489 35,0 0,00 3 490 35,0 0,00 3 491 35,0 0,00 3 492 35,0 0,00 3 493 35,0 0,00 3 494 35,0 0,00 3 495 35,0 0,00 3 496 35,0 0,00 3 497 35,0 0,00 3 498 35,0 0,00 3 499 35,0 0,00 3 500 35,0 0,00 3 501 35,0 0,00 3 502 35,0 0,00 3 503 35,0 0,00 3 504 35,0 0,00 3 505 35,0 0,00 3 506 35,0 0,00 3 507 35,0 0,00 3 508 35,0 0,00 3 509 35,0 0,00 3 510 35,0 0,00 3 511 35,0 0,00 3 512 35,0 0,00 3 513 35,0 0,00 3 514 35,0 0,00 3 515 35,0 0,00 3 516 35,0 0,00 3 517 35,0 0,00 3 518 35,0 0,00 3 519 35,0 0,00 3 520 35,0 0,00 3 521 35,0 0,00 3 522 35,0 0,00 3 523 35,0 0,00 3 524 35,0 0,00 3 525 35,0 0,00 3 526 35,0 0,00 3 527 35,0 0,00 3 528 35,0 0,00 3 529 35,0 0,00 3 530 35,0 0,00 3 531 35,0 0,00 3 532 35,0 0,00 3 533 35,0 0,00 3 534 35,0 0,00 3 535 35,0 0,00 3 536 35,0 0,00 3 537 35,0 0,00 3 538 35,0 0,00 3 539 35,0 0,00 3 540 35,0 0,00 3 541 35,0 0,00 3 542 35,0 0,42 3 543 36,5 0,42 3 544 38,0 0,42 3 545 39,5 0,42 3 546 41,0 0,42 3 547 42,6 0,42 3 548 44,1 0,42 3 549 45,6 0,42 3 550 47,1 0,42 3 551 48,6 0,42 3 552 50,1 0,40 3 553 51,6 0,40 4 554 53,0 0,40 4 555 54,4 0,40 4 556 55,9 0,40 4 557 57,3 0,40 4 558 58,8 0,40 4 559 60,2 0,40 4 560 61,6 0,40 4 561 63,1 0,40 4 562 64,5 0,40 4 563 66,0 0,40 4 564 67,4 0,40 4 565 68,8 0,40 4 566 70,0 0,00 5 567 70,0 0,00 5 568 70,0 0,00 5 569 70,0 0,00 5 570 70,0 0,00 5 571 70,0 0,00 5 572 70,0 0,00 5 573 70,0 0,00 5 574 70,0 0,00 5 575 70,0 0,00 5 576 70,0 0,00 5 577 70,0 0,00 5 578 70,0 0,00 5 579 70,0 0,00 5 580 70,0 0,00 5 581 70,0 0,00 5 582 70,0 0,00 5 583 70,0 0,00 5 584 70,0 0,00 5 585 70,0 0,00 5 586 70,0 0,00 5 587 70,0 0,00 5 588 70,0 0,00 5 589 70,0 0,00 5 590 70,0 0,00 5 591 70,0 0,00 5 592 70,0 0,00 5 593 70,0 0,00 5 594 70,0 0,00 5 595 70,0 0,00 5 596 70,0 0,00 5 597 70,0 0,00 5 598 70,0 0,00 5 599 70,0 0,00 5 600 70,0 0,00 5 601 70,0 0,00 5 602 70,0 0,00 5 603 70,0 0,00 5 604 70,0 0,00 5 605 70,0 0,00 5 606 70,0 0,00 5 607 70,0 0,00 5 608 70,0 0,00 5 609 70,0 0,00 5 610 70,0 0,00 5 611 70,0 0,00 5 612 70,0 0,00 5 613 70,0 0,00 5 614 70,0 0,00 5 615 70,0 0,00 5 616 70,0 0,00 5 617 70,0 0,00 5 618 70,0 0,00 5 619 70,0 0,00 5 620 70,0 0,00 5 621 70,0 0,00 5 622 70,0 0,00 5 623 70,0 0,00 5 624 70,0 0,00 5 625 70,0 0,00 5 626 70,0 0,00 5 627 70,0 0,00 5 628 70,0 0,00 5 629 70,0 0,00 5 630 70,0 0,00 5 631 70,0 0,00 5 632 70,0 0,00 5 633 70,0 0,00 5 634 70,0 0,00 5 635 70,0 0,00 5 636 70,0 0,00 5 637 70,0 0,00 5 638 70,0 0,00 5 639 70,0 0,00 5 640 70,0 0,00 5 641 70,0 0,00 5 642 70,0 0,00 5 643 70,0 0,00 5 644 70,0 0,00 5 645 70,0 0,00 5 646 70,0 0,00 5 647 70,0 0,00 5 648 70,0 0,00 5 649 70,0 0,00 5 650 70,0 0,00 5 651 70,0 0,00 5 652 70,0 0,00 5 653 70,0 0,00 5 654 70,0 0,00 5 655 70,0 – 1,04 5 656 66,3 – 1,04 5 657 62,5 – 1,04 5 658 58,8 – 1,04 5 659 55,0 – 1,04 5 660 51,3 – 1,04 5 661 47,5 – 1,04 Clutch 662 43,8 – 1,39 Clutch 663 38,8 – 1,39 Clutch 664 33,8 – 1,39 Clutch 665 28,8 – 1,39 Clutch 666 23,8 – 1,39 Clutch 667 18,8 – 1,39 Clutch 668 13,8 – 1,39 Clutch 669 8,8 – 1,39 Clutch 670 3,8 – 1,05 Clutch 671 0,0 0,00 Clutch 672 0,0 0,00 Neutral 673 0,0 0,00 Neutral 674 0,0 0,00 Neutral 675 0,0 0,00 Neutral 676 0,0 0,00 Neutral 677 0,0 0,00 Neutral 678 0,0 0,00 Neutral 679 0,0 0,00 Neutral 680 0,0 0,00 Neutral

(1) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153 of 2 June 2017 setting out a methodology for determining the correlation parameters necessary for reflecting the change in the regulatory test procedure and amending Regulation (EU) No 2014/2010 (OJ L 175, 7.7.2017, p. 679).

(2) PM = gearbox in neutral, clutch engaged. K1, K5 = first or second gear engaged, clutch disengaged.

(3) Additional gears can be used according to manufacturer recommendations if the vehicle is equipped with a transmission with more than five gears.

(*1) Achieved velocity after 4 seconds with an acceleration of – 0,69 m/s2 is 60,064 km/h. This velocity is also used as gear shift indicator for modified NEDC cycle.

(*2) dv4 ≥ 60,064 km/h.