COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 1322/2014

of 19 September 2014

supplementing and amending Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to vehicle construction and general requirements for the approval of agricultural and forestry vehicles

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 February 2013 on the approval and market surveillance of agricultural and forestry vehicles (1), and in particular Articles 18(4), 20(8), 27(6), 28(6), 49(3), 53(12) and 60(1) and Articles 61 and 70 thereto,

Whereas:

This Regulation aims to set out the technical requirements and test methods required for the construction of agricultural and forestry vehicles in order to minimise the risk of injury to persons working on or with the vehicle.

By Council Decision 97/836/EC (2) , the Union has acceded to the Agreement of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) concerning the adoption of uniform technical prescriptions for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted to and/or be used on wheeled vehicles and the conditions for reciprocal recognition of approvals granted on the basis of these prescriptions (Revised 1958 Agreement). In its Communication CARS 2020: Action Plan for a competitive and sustainable automotive industry in Europe, the Commission highlighted that the acceptance of international regulations under the 1958 UNECE Agreement is the best way to remove non-tariff barriers to trade.

The possibility to apply UNECE regulations for the purposes of EU vehicle type-approval is provided for in Regulation (EU) No 167/2013. UNECE regulations being part of the requirements for the EU type-approval of a vehicle help avoid duplication not only of technical requirements but also of certification and administrative procedures. In addition, type-approval that is directly based on internationally agreed standards should improve market access in third countries, in particular in those which are contracting parties to the Revised 1958 Agreement, thus enhancing the Union industry’s competitiveness.

In the interest of clarity, predictability, rationality and simplification and in order to reduce the burden on vehicle manufacturers, technical services and type-approval authorities, Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 provides for the recognition of test reports drawn up under the Codes established by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for the purposes of EU type-approval as an alternative to the test reports drawn up under that Regulation or the delegated acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation. It is therefore appropriate to establish a list of OECD Codes the subject-matter of which falls within the scope of this Regulation and which can be the bases for test reports recognised for the purposes of EU type-approval.

With the aim to adapt the provisions on the construction of agricultural and forestry vehicles to technical progress, latest versions of CEN/Cenelec or ISO standards which are accessible by the public should be made applicable as regards certain requirements.

In view of reducing manufacturers’ costs by no longer obliging them to build prototypes for the purposes of obtaining EU type-approval, this Regulation sets out detailed conditions with respect to virtual testing and self-testing carried out by the manufacturers. Manufacturers not wishing to take advantage of virtual testing methods should be allowed to continue to use the existing physical test methods.

The virtual testing method should guarantee the same level of confidence in the results as the physical test. Therefore, it is appropriate to lay down relevant conditions to ensure that the manufacturer or the technical service can properly validate the mathematical models used.

Checks on the conformity of vehicles, components or separate technical units throughout the production process are an essential part of the EU type-approval process. The conformity of production procedures for agricultural and forestry vehicles should be further improved and aligned with similar procedures applicable to passenger cars.

Virtual methods should not be permissible for the purposes of conformity of production testing, even if they have been used for type-approval purposes, because at this stage, a physical test of the existing vehicle does not imply unnecessary burden for the manufacturer.

The provisions of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 on the access to repair and maintenance information are largely based on Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 (3) of the European Parliament and of the Council. In order to adopt the harmonized approach for access to repair and maintenance information provided for in this Regulation, it is appropriate to carry over to this Regulation the provisions on access to repair and maintenance information set out in the Commission Regulation (EC) No 582/2011 (4) and adapt it to the specificities of the agricultural and forestry vehicles sector.

In particular, it is appropriate to adopt specific requirements and procedures for access to vehicle repair and maintenance information in the case of small volume production in order to avoid unproportionate burden. It is also appropriate to lay down specific procedures for access to vehicle repair and maintenance information in the case of multi-stage type-approval to take account of the fact that there is more than one manufacturer involved.

With regard to vehicle types of categories R and S, the figures introduced to categorise small volume manufacturers should take account of the fact that Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 does not provide for the national type-approval of small series for such vehicle types and such vehicle categories cannot be fully exempted from the obligation to provide vehicle repair and maintenance information under that Regulation. Should Annex II to that Regulation be modified in order to expand the possibility to grant national type approval of small series to categories R and S, the Commission should consider reducing these figures.

Harmonised provisions on the access to vehicle on-board diagnostic (OBD) and vehicle repair and maintenance information are necessary to improve the effective competition within and the functioning of the internal market, particularly as regards the free movement of goods, freedom of establishment and freedom to provide services for independent vehicle repair and maintenance operators. A great proportion of such information relates to the OBD system and its interaction with other vehicle systems. It is appropriate to lay down the technical specifications that manufacturers’ websites should follow, along with targeted measures to ensure reasonable access for small and medium-sized enterprises.

Common standards for the reprogramming of the electronic control units agreed with the stakeholders concerned can facilitate the exchange of information between manufacturers and service providers. It is therefore appropriate that manufacturers use those common standards. Nevertheless, to reduce the burden on vehicle manufacturers, an appropriate lead time for their implementation should be provided for in this Regulation.

In order to keep aligned the technical requirements carried over to this Commission Delegated Regulation with the requirements of the separate directives repealed by Regulation (EU) 167/2013 and with the requirements of the OECD standard Codes, the seat reference point (S) and the seat index point (SIP) should be maintained unmodified.

To be able to EU type-approve the same types of tractors according to each of the Annexes listed in Annex II as those approved under the corresponding OECD Codes and to be effectively able to recognise the OECD test reports for the purposes of EU type-approval, the technical field of application of the EU requirements should be aligned with the field of application of the OECD standard Codes.

To make clear that certain requirements of Union legislation are fully aligned with the requirements set out in the OECD standard Codes, the text of the requirements and the numbering set out in certain annexes should be identical with the text and numbering of the corresponding OECD standard Code.

To reduce the number of injuries and fatal accidents caused by the failure to raise the front-mounted foldable ROPS for narrow-track tractors in potentially dangerous situations, new requirements based on an ergonomic approach should be included in Annex IX to facilitate and encourage the raising of the ROPS when needed.

As in forestry applications tractors are confronted with higher energy levels from falling and penetrating objects than in agricultural applications, stricter requirements for protection structures against these objects should be required for tractors equipped for forestry applications.

While large parts of the requirements laid down in this Regulation have been carried over from repealed directives, important modifications should be introduced where necessary to update to technical progress, extent the scope to further vehicle categories or to increase the level of safety as regards, for example: access to driving position, emergency exits, control devices and their position, operator’s manual, warnings, symbols and pictograms, protection against hot surfaces, greasing points, jacking points, engine hood, burning rate of cab material, battery isolators, etc.

As the scope of Council Directive 80/720/EEC (5) did not include tractors of category T2 and tractors of category T.4.3 with an offset of the cabin of more than 100 mm, the requirements for operating space and the number of emergency exits should be adapted to cover all tractor categories.

As many of the requirements and test methods carried over from repealed Directives apply only to tractors equipped with pneumatic tyres, specific requirements and test methods should be established for track-laying tractors. This is the case for: driver’s perceived noise level, access to the driving position, control devices, etc.

The same applies to R- and S-category vehicles, for which requirements and test methods should be prescribed for guards and protective devices, operators manual Information, warnings and markings and protection against other mechanical hazards, as tipping operation of trailers.

In addition, vehicles of categories R and S should comply with the requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (6) , where applicable.

As far as the level of safety is maintained, alternative requirements and test procedures should be permitted for tractors equipped with a straddle seat and a handlebar to take into account their specific technical characteristics. This is the case of some of the requirements and test procedures for: driver’s seat, control devices and protection of drive components.

The reference to the requirements in passenger cars’ legislation for seat-belt anchorages and safety belts set out in repealed Directive 2003/37/EC (7) should be substituted by requirements adapted to the specificities of agricultural and forestry tractors.

In order to allow the type-approval authorities to assess the compliance with the requirements for protection against hazardous substances set out in this regulation, these requirements should be based on the level of protection provided by the type of tractor instead of the possible use of a given vehicle. The level of protection required for each particular use of each hazardous substance should be determined in accordance with the relevant EU and/or national legislation.

In order to ensure that technical services meet the same high level of performance standards in all Member States, this Regulation should set out the standards with which technical services have to comply, as well as the procedure for the assessment of that compliance and for the accreditation of those services.

For the purposes of national type-approval granted in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, Member States should be free to set construction requirements which differ from those provided for in this Regulation. However, they should have the obligation to approve types of vehicles, systems, components and separate technical units compliant with the requirements provided for this Regulation.

Several entries of Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 should be amended to permit laying down requirements for additional vehicle categories where it is necessary.

This Regulation should apply from the date of application of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

CHAPTER I

SUBJECT MATTER AND DEFINITIONS

Article 1

Subject matter

This Regulation establishes the detailed technical requirements and test procedures regarding vehicle design, construction and assembly for the approval of agricultural and forestry vehicles and their systems, components and separate technical units, the detailed arrangements and requirements with regard to type-approval procedures, virtual testing and conformity of production, the technical specifications with regard to access to repair and maintenance information and the performance standards and criteria for the assessment of technical services in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 167/2013.

Article 2

Definitions

The following definitions shall apply:

‘seat reference point (S)’ means the point of intersection in the median longitudinal plane of the seat between the tangential plane at the base of the padded backrest and a horizontal plane. This horizontal plane intersects the lower surface of the seat 150 mm in front of the seat reference point (S) as determined in Appendix 8 to Annex XIV.

‘control device’ means any device whose direct actuation enables the state or operation of the tractor or of any equipment linked to it to be altered.

‘shield’ means a protective device located immediately in front of a dangerous part and which, either on its own or with other parts of the machine, protects on all sides against contact with the dangerous part.

‘guard’ means a protective device which, by means of a rail, grille or similar device, provides the necessary safety distance preventing contact with the dangerous part.

‘hood’ means a protective device located in front of the dangerous part and which protects against contact with it on the covered side.

‘firmly attached’ means that removal of such devices should be possible only with the aid of tools.

‘hot surface’ means any metal surface of the tractor that reaches, during the normal use envisaged by the Manufacturer, a temperature higher than 85 °C or any plastic surface that reaches a temperature higher than 100 °C.

CHAPTER II

VEHICLE CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL TYPE-APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS

Article 3

Manufacturer’s general obligations regarding vehicle construction

1. Manufacturers shall equip agricultural and forestry vehicles with systems, components and separate technical units affecting occupational safety that are designed, constructed and assembled so as to enable the vehicle in normal use and maintained according to the prescriptions of the manufacturer to comply with the detailed technical requirements and testing procedures set out in Articles 4 to 32.

2. Manufacturers shall demonstrate by means of physical demonstration testing to the approval authority that the agricultural and forestry vehicles made available on the market, registered or entering into service in the Union comply with the detailed technical requirements and test procedures laid down in Articles 4 to 32.

3. Manufacturers shall ensure that spare parts and equipment that are made available on the market or are entering into service in the Union comply with the detailed technical requirements and test procedures referred to in this Regulation. An approved agricultural and forestry vehicle equipped with such a spare part or equipment shall meet the same test requirements and performance limit values as a vehicle equipped with an original part.

4. Manufacturers shall ensure that type-approval procedures for verifying conformity of production are followed as regards the detailed vehicle construction requirements laid down in this Regulation.

Article 4

Application of UNECE regulations

The UNECE regulations and amendments thereto set out in Annex I to this Regulation shall apply to type-approval of agricultural and forestry vehicles subject to the conditions laid down in this Regulation.

Article 5

Recognition of test reports issued on the basis of OECD Codes for the purposes of EU type-approval

In accordance with Article 50 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, the test reports issued on the basis of OECD Codes set out in Annex II to this Regulation shall be recognised for the purpose of EU type approval as an alternative to the test report issued on the basis of this Regulation.

Article 6

Arrangements with regard to type-approval procedures, including the requirements relating to virtual testing

The arrangements with regard to type-approval procedures referred to in Article 20 (8) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the requirements relating to virtual testing referred to in Article 27(6) of that Regulation shall be laid down in Annex III to this Regulation.

Article 7

Arrangements with regard to conformity of production

The arrangements with regard to conformity of production referred to in Article 28(6) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be laid down in Annex IV to this Regulation.

Article 8

Requirements with regard to access to repair and maintenance information

The requirements with regard to access to repair and maintenance information referred to in Article 53(12) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be laid down in Annex V to this Regulation.

Article 9

Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (dynamic testing)

The test procedures and requirements applying to roll-over protection structures as regards dynamic testing for vehicles of categories T1, T4.2 and T4.3 referred to in Article 18(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex VI to this Regulation.

Article 10

Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (track-laying tractors)

The test procedures and requirements applying to roll-over protection structures as regards track-laying tractors for vehicles of categories C1, C2, C4.2 and C4.3 referred to in Article 18(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex VII to this Regulation.

Article 11

Requirements applying to roll- over protection structures (static testing)

As an alternative to the requirements laid down in Article 9 and Article 10, manufacturers may choose to comply with the requirements of this Article, where the type of vehicle falls within the field of application set out in Annex VIII to this Regulation. The test procedures and requirements applying to roll-over protection structures as regards static testing for vehicles of categories T1/C1, T4.2/C4.2 and T4.3/C4.3 referred to in Article 18(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex VIII to this Regulation.

Article 12

Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (front mounted roll-over protective structures on narrow-track tractors)

The test procedures and requirements applying to front mounted roll-over protective structures as regards narrow- track tractors for vehicles of categories T2, T3 and T4.3 referred to in Article 18(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex IX to this Regulation.

Article 13

Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (rear mounted roll-over protective structures on narrow-track tractors)

The test procedures and requirements applying to rear mounted roll-over protective structures as regards narrow-track tractors for vehicles of categories T2/C2, T3/C3 and T4.3/C4.3 referred to in Article 18(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex X to this Regulation.

Article 14

Requirements applying to falling objects protection structures

The test procedures and requirements applying to falling objects protection structures for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XI to this Regulation.

Article 15

Requirements applying to passenger seats

The test procedures and requirements applying to passenger seats for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XII to this Regulation.

Article 16

Requirements applying to the driver’s exposure to noise level

The test procedures and requirements applying to the driver’s exposure to noise level for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(d) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XIII to this Regulation.

Article 17

Requirements applying to the driving seat

The test procedures and requirements applying to the driving seat for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(e) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XIV to this Regulation.

Article 18

Requirements applying to operating space and to access to the driving position

The test procedures and requirements applying to operating space and to access to the driving position for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(f) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XV to this Regulation.

Article 19

Requirements applying to power take-offs

The test procedures and requirements applying to power take-offs for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(g) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XVI to this Regulation.

Article 20

Requirements applying to the protection of drive components

The test procedures and requirements applying to protection of drive components for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(h) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XVII to this Regulation.

Article 21

Requirements applying to seat-belt anchorages

The test procedures and requirements applying to seat-belt anchorages for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(i) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XVIII to this Regulation.

Article 22

Requirements applying to safety belts

The test procedures and requirements applying to safety belts for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(j) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XIX to this Regulation.

Article 23

Requirements applying to the protection against penetrating objects

The test procedures and requirements applying to the protection against penetrating objects for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(k) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XX to this Regulation.

Article 24

Requirements applying to exhaust systems

The test procedures and requirements applying to exhaust systems for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(l) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXI to this Regulation.

Article 25

Requirements applying to the operator’s manual

The requirements applying to the operator’s manual, including aspects relating to the protection against hazardous substances and operation and maintenance of the vehicle, for vehicles of categories T, C, R and S referred to in points (l), (n) and (q) of Article 18(2) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be laid down in Annex XXII to this Regulation.

Article 26

Requirements applying to control devices, including safety and reliability of control systems and emergency and automatic stop devices

The test procedures and requirements applying to control devices, including safety and reliability of control systems and emergency and automatic stop devices for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(o) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXIII to this Regulation.

Article 27

Requirements applying to the protection against other mechanical hazards

The test procedures and requirements applying to the protection against mechanical hazards, including aspects relating to the protection against rough surfaces, sharp edges and angles, rupture of pipes carrying fluids and uncontrolled movement of the vehicle, other than those mentioned in Articles 9 to 14, 19 and 23 for vehicles of categories T, C, R and S referred to in Article 18(2)(p) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXIV to this Regulation.

Article 28

Requirements applying to guards and protective devices

The test procedures and requirements applying to guards and protective devices for vehicles of categories T, C, R and S referred to in Article 18(2)(r) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXV to this Regulation.

Article 29

Requirements applying to information, warnings and markings

The test procedures and requirements applying to information, warnings and markings, including aspects relating to the warning signals with regard to braking and the operation and maintenance of the vehicle, for vehicles of categories T, C, R and S referred to in Article 18(2)(s) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXVI to this Regulation.

Article 30

Requirements applying to materials and products

The test procedures and requirements applying to materials and products for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(t) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXVII to this Regulation.

Article 31

Requirements applying to batteries

The test procedures and requirements applying to batteries for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(u) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXVIII to this Regulation.

Article 32

Requirements applying to protection against hazardous substances

The test procedures and requirements applying to protection against hazardous substances for vehicles of categories T and C referred to in Article 18(2)(l) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall be conducted and verified in accordance with Annex XXIX to this Regulation.

CHAPTER III

REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO TECHNICAL SERVICES

Article 33

Performance standards and assessment of technical services

Technical services have to comply with the performance standards and the procedure for their assessment referred to in Article 61 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, which shall be verified in accordance with Annex XXX to this Regulation.

Article 34

Permissibility of self-testing

Self-testing by in-house technical services referred to in Article 60(1) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 may only be conducted where permitted in Annex III to this Regulation.

CHAPTER IV

NATIONAL TYPE-APPROVAL OF VEHICLES, SYSTEMS, COMPONENTS OR SEPARATE TECHNICAL UNITS

Article 35

National type-approval of vehicles, systems, components or separate technical units

National authorities shall not refuse to grant national type-approval to a type of vehicle, system, component or separate technical unit on grounds relating to the construction requirements where the vehicle, system, component or separate technical unit complies with the requirements set out in this Regulation.

CHAPTER V

FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 36

Amendments to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013

Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 is amended as follows:

in row No 39, the entries corresponding to vehicle categories Ca and Cb are replaced by ‘X’;

in row No 41, the entries corresponding to vehicle categories T2a and T2b are replaced by ‘X’;

in row No 43, the entries corresponding to vehicle categories Ca and Cb are replaced by ‘X’;

in row No 44, the entries corresponding to vehicle categories Ca and Cb are replaced by ‘X’.

Article 37

Entry into force and application

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

It shall apply from 1 January 2016.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

(1) OJ L 60, 2.3.2013, p. 1.

(2) Council Decision 97/836/EC of 27 November 1997 with a view to accession by the European Community to the Agreement of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe concerning the adoption of uniform technical prescriptions for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted to and/or be used on wheeled vehicles and the conditions for reciprocal recognition of approvals granted on the basis of these prescriptions (Revised 1958 Agreement) (OJ L 346, 17.12.1997, p. 78).

(3) Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on type-approval of motor vehicles and engines with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and Directive 2007/46/EC and repealing Directives 80/1269/EEC, 2005/55/EC and 2005/78/EC (OJ L 188, 18.7.2009, p. 1).

(4) Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 of 25 May 2011 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and amending Annexes I and III to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 167, 25.6.2011, p. 1).

(5) Council Directive 80/720/EEC of 24 June 1980 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the operating space, access to the driving position and the doors and windows of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors (OJ L 194, 28.7.1980, p. 1).

(6) Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (OJ L 157, 9.6.2006, p. 24).

(7) Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC (OJ L 171, 9.7.2003, p. 1).

SUMMARY

Annex Number Annex title Page Vehicle construction and general type-approval requirements I Application of UNECE regulations 12 II Recognition of test reports issued on the basis of OECD Codes for the purposes of EU type-approval 13 III Arrangements with regard to type-approval procedures, including the requirements relating to virtual testing 14 IV Arrangements with regard to conformity of production 18 V Requirements with regard to access to repair and maintenance information 22 VI Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (dynamic testing) 30 VII Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (track-laying tractors) 51 VIII Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (static testing) 78 IX Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (front mounted roll-over protective structures on narrow-track tractors) 105 X Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (rear mounted roll-over protective structures on narrow-track tractors) 182 XI Requirements applying to falling objects protection structures 214 XII Requirements applying to passenger seats 223 XIII Requirements applying to the driver’s exposure to noise level 224 XIV Requirements applying to the driving seat 228 XV Requirements applying to operating space and to access to the driving position 265 XVI Requirements applying to power take-offs 275 XVII Requirements applying to the protection of drive components 276 XVIII Requirements applying to seat-belt anchorages 288 XIX Requirements applying to safety belts 292 XX Requirements applying to the protection against penetrating objects 293 XXI Requirements applying to exhaust systems 294 XXII Requirements applying to the operator’s manual 295 XXIII Requirements applying to control devices, including safety and reliability of control systems and emergency and automatic stop devices 300 XXIV Requirements applying to the protection against other mechanical hazards 308 XXV Requirements applying to guards and protective devices 310 XXVI Requirements applying to information, warnings and markings 311 XXVII Requirements applying to materials and products 312 XXVIII Requirements applying to batteries 313 XXIX Requirements applying to protection against hazardous substances 314 Requirements relating to technical services XXX Performance standards and assessment of technical services 315

ANNEX I Application of UNECE regulations UNECE regulation No Subject Series of amendments OJ Reference Applicability 14 Safety-belt anchorages, ISOFIX anchorages systems and ISOFIX top tether anchorages Supplement 1 to the 07 series of amendments OJ L 109, 28.4.2011, p. 1 T and C 16 Safety belts, restraint systems and child restraint systems Supplement 1 to the 06 series of amendments OJ L 233, 9.9.2011, p. 1 T and C 43 Safety glazing Supplement 12 to the 00 series of amendments OJ L 230, 31.8.2010, p. 119 T and C 60 Driver operated controls — identification of controls, tell-tales and indicators (moped/motorcycles) OJ L 95, 31.3.2004, p. 10 T and C 79 Steering equipment Supplement 3 to the 01 series of amendments and Corrigendum 20 January 2006 OJ L 137, 27.5.2008, p. 25 T and C Explanatory note: The fact that a component is included in this list does not make its installation mandatory. For certain components, however, mandatory installation requirements are laid down in other Annexes to this Regulation.

ANNEX II Recognition of test reports issued on the basis of OECD Codes for the purposes of EU type-approval Test report on the basis of OECD Code No Subject Edition Applicability Alternative to the EU test report on the basis of 3 Official testing of protective structures on agricultural and forestry tractors (dynamic test) Edition 2015-July 2014- T1, T4.2 and T4.3 Annex VI and Annex XVIII (if the seat-belt anchorages have been tested) 4 Official testing of protective structures on agricultural and forestry tractors (static test) Edition 2015-July 2014- T1/C1, T4.2/C4.2 and T4.3/C4.3 Annex VIII and Annex XVIII (if the seat-belt anchorages have been tested) 5 Official measurement of noise at the driving position(s) on agricultural and forestry tractors Edition 2015-July 2014- T and C Annex XIII 6 Official testing of front mounted roll-over protective structures on narrow-track wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors Edition 2015-July 2014- T2, T3 and T4.3 Annex IX and Annex XVIII (if the seat-belt anchorages have been tested) 7 Official testing of rear mounted roll-over protective structure on narrow-track wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors Edition 2015-July 2014- T2/C2, T3/C3 and T4.3/C4.3 Annex X and Annex XVIII (if the seat-belt anchorages have been tested) 8 Official testing of protective structures on agricultural and forestry track-laying tractors Edition 2015-July 2014- C1, C2, C4.2 and C4.3 Annex VII and Annex XVIII (if the seat-belt anchorages have been tested) 10 Official testing of falling object protective structures on agricultural and forestry tractors Edition 2015-July 2014- T and C Annex XI Part C

ANNEX III Arrangements with regard to type-approval procedures, including the requirements relating to virtual testing 1. Type-approval process When receiving an application for vehicle type-approval, the approval authority shall: 1.1. verify that all EU type-approval certificates issued and test reports granted pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation which are applicable for vehicle type-approval cover the vehicle type and correspond to the prescribed requirements; 1.2. by reference to the documentation make sure that the vehicle specifications and data contained in the vehicle information document are included in the data in the information packages and in the EU type-approval certificates issued in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation; 1.3. on a selected sample of vehicles from the type to be approved carry out or arrange to be carried out inspections of vehicle parts and systems to verify that the vehicle(s) is/are built in accordance with the relevant data contained in the authenticated information package in respect of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation; 1.4. carry out or arrange to be carried out relevant installation checks in respect of separate technical units where applicable; 1.5. carry out or arrange to be carried out necessary checks in respect of the presence of the subjects provided for in Annex I of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013; 2. Combination of technical specifications The number of vehicles to be submitted shall be sufficient to permit the proper check of the various combinations to be type-approved according to the following criteria: 2.1. propulsion unit; 2.2. transmission; 2.3. powered axles (number, position and interconnection); 2.4. steered axles (number and position); 2.5. braking system and braked axles (number); 2.6. roll-over protection structure; 2.7. protection against hazardous substances. 3. Specific provisions Where no approval certificates or test reports in respect of the subjects covered by Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 or the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation are available, the approval authority shall: 3.1. arrange for the necessary tests and checks as required by Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation; 3.2. verify that the vehicle conforms to the particulars in the vehicle information folder and that it meets the technical requirements of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation; 3.3. carry out or arrange to be carried out relevant installation checks in respect of components and separate technical units where applicable. 4. Procedures to be followed during multi-stage EU type-approval 4.1. General 4.1.1. The satisfactory operation of the process of multi-stage EU type-approval requires joint action by all the manufacturers concerned. To this end type-approval authorities shall ensure, before granting first and subsequent stage approval, that suitable arrangements exist between the relevant manufacturers for the supply and interchange of documents and information such that the completed vehicle type meets the technical requirements of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation. Such information shall include details of relevant system, component and separate technical unit approvals and of vehicle parts which form part of the incomplete vehicle but are not yet approved. 4.1.2. EU Type-approvals in accordance with point 4 are granted on the basis of the current state of completion of the vehicle type and shall incorporate all approvals granted at earlier stages. 4.1.3. Each manufacturer in a multi-stage EU type-approval process is responsible for the approval and conformity of production of all systems, components or separate technical units manufactured by him or added by him to the previously built stage. He is not responsible for subjects which have been approved in an earlier stage except in those cases where he modifies relevant parts to an extent that the previously granted approval becomes invalid. 4.2. Procedures The approval authority shall: 4.2.1. verify that all EU type-approval certificates issued and test reports granted pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation which are applicable for vehicle type-approval cover the vehicle type at its state of completion and correspond to the prescribed requirements; 4.2.2. ensure that all the relevant data, taking account of the state of completion of the vehicle, is included in the information folder; 4.2.3. by reference to the documentation make sure that the vehicle specification(s) and data contained in the vehicle information folder are included in the data in the information packages and in the EU type-approval certificates, in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 or the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation; and in the case of a completed vehicle, where an item number in the information folder is not included in any of the information packages, confirm that the relevant part of characteristic conforms to the particulars in the information folder; 4.2.4. on a selected sample of vehicles from the type to be approved carry out or arrange to be carried out inspections of vehicle parts and systems to verify that the vehicle(s) is/are built in accordance with the relevant data contained in the authenticated information package in respect of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation; 4.2.5. Carry out or arrange to be carried out relevant installation checks in respect of separate technical units where applicable. 4.3. The number of vehicles to be inspected for the purposes of point 4.2.4 shall be sufficient to permit the proper control of the various combinations to be EU type-approved according to the state of completion of the vehicle and the criteria set-out in point 2. 5. Conditions under which virtual testing has to be performed and requirements which can be subject to virtual testing 5.1. Objectives and scope Point 5 lays down appropriate provisions concerning virtual testing in accordance with Article 27(6) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013. It shall not apply to the second subparagraph of Article 27(3) of that Regulation. 5.2. List of requirements which may be subject to virtual testing Table 1 List of requirements which may be subject to virtual testing Delegated act reference Annex No Requirement Restrictions/Comments RVCR IX continuous or interrupted roll over behaviour in case of a laterally overturning narrow track tractor with a protective frame mounted in front of the driver’s seat Section B4 6. Conditions under which virtual testing has to be performed 6.1. Virtual test pattern The following scheme shall be used as a basic structure for describing and conducting virtual testing: 6.1.1. purpose; 6.1.2. structure model; 6.1.3. boundary conditions; 6.1.4. load assumptions; 6.1.5. calculation; 6.1.6. assessment; 6.1.7. Documentation. 6.2. Fundamentals of computer simulation and calculation 6.2.1. Mathematical model The mathematical model shall be supplied by the manufacturer. It shall reflect the complexity of the structure of the vehicle, system and components to be tested in relation to the requirements. The same provisions shall apply mutatis mutandis for testing components or technical units independently from the vehicle. 6.2.2. Validation process of the mathematical model The mathematical model shall be validated in comparison with the actual test conditions. A physical test shall be conducted for the purposes of comparing the results obtained when using the mathematical model with the results of a physical test. Comparability of the test results shall be proven. A validation report shall be drafted by the manufacturer or by the technical service and submitted to the approval authority. Any change made to the mathematical model or to the software likely to invalidate the validation report shall be brought to the attention of the approval authority, which may require that a new validation process is conducted. The flow chart of the validation process is shown in Figure 1 of point 7. 6.2.3. Documentation The data and auxiliary tools used for the simulation and calculation shall be made available by the manufacturer and be documented in a suitable way. 6.2.4. Tools and support At the request of the technical service, the manufacturer shall supply or provide access to the necessary tools, including appropriate software. 6.2.5. In addition, the manufacturer shall provide appropriate support to the technical service. 6.2.6. Providing access and support to a technical service does not detract from any obligation of the technical service regarding the skills of its personnel, the payment of licence rights and respect of confidentiality. 7. Validation process virtual testing Figure 1 Virtual testing validation process flow chart

ANNEX IV Arrangements with regard to conformity of production 1. Definitions For the purposes of this Annex the following definitions shall apply: 1.1. ‘quality management system’ means a set of interrelated or interacting elements that organisations use to direct and control how quality policies are implemented and quality objectives are achieved; 1.2. ‘audit’ means an evidence-gathering process used to evaluate how well audit criteria are being applied; it should be objective, impartial and independent, and the audit process should be both systematic and documented; 1.3. ‘corrective actions’ means a problem-solving process with subsequent steps taken to remove the causes of a nonconformity or undesirable situation and designed to prevent their recurrence; 2. Purpose 2.1. The conformity of production procedure aims to ensure that each vehicle, system, component, separate technical unit, part or equipment produced is in conformity with the specification, performance and marking requirements of the approved type. 2.2. Procedures include inseparably the assessment of quality management systems, referred as ‘initial assessment’ and set out in section 3. and verification and production-related controls, referred to as ‘product conformity arrangements’ and set out in section 4. 3. Initial assessment 3.1. Before granting type-approval, the approval authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory arrangements and procedures established by the manufacturer for ensuring effective control so that vehicles, systems, components or separate technical units when in production conform to the approved type. 3.2. Guidelines for quality and/or environmental management systems auditing set out in the EN ISO 19011:2011 standard shall apply to the initial assessment. 3.3. The requirements referred to in point 3.1 shall be verified to the satisfaction of the approval authority granting type-approval. The approval authority shall be satisfied with the initial assessment and the product conformity arrangements in section 4. taking account as necessary of one of the arrangements described in points 3.3.1 to 3.3.3 or a combination of those arrangements in full or in part as appropriate. 3.3.1. The initial assessment and/or verification of product conformity arrangements shall be carried out by the approval authority granting the approval or an appointed body acting on behalf of the approval authority. 3.3.1.1. When considering the extent of the initial assessment to be carried out, the approval authority may take account of available information relating to: 3.3.1.1.1. the manufacturer’s certification described in point 3.3.3, which has not been qualified or recognised under that point; 3.3.1.1.2. in the case of components or separate technical units type-approvals, quality system assessments performed in the component or separate technical unit manufacturer’s premises by vehicle manufacturer(s), according to one or more of the industry sector specifications satisfying the requirements in harmonised standard EN ISO 9001:2008. 3.3.2. The initial assessment and/or verification of product conformity arrangements may also be carried out by the approval authority of another Member State, or the appointed body designated for this purpose by the approval authority. 3.3.2.1. In such a case, the approval authority of the other Member State shall prepare a statement of compliance outlining the areas and production facilities it has covered as relevant to the vehicles, systems, components or separate technical units to be type-approved. 3.3.2.2. On receiving an application for a compliance statement from the approval authority of a Member State granting type-approval, the approval authority of another Member State shall send forthwith the statement of compliance or advise that it is not in a position to provide such a statement. 3.3.2.3. The statement of compliance shall include at least the following: 3.3.2.3.1. group or company (e.g. XYZ automotive); 3.3.2.3.2. particular organisation (e.g. European division); 3.3.2.3.3. plants/sites (e.g. Engine plant 1 (United Kingdom) — vehicle plant 2 (Germany)); 3.3.2.3.4. vehicle/component range (e.g. All category T1 models); 3.3.2.3.5. areas assessed (e.g. Engine assembly, body pressing and assembly, vehicle assembly); 3.3.2.3.6. documents examined (e.g. Company and site quality manual and procedures); 3.3.2.3.7. date of the assessment (e.g. Audit conducted from 18 to 30.5.2013); 3.3.2.3.8. planned monitoring visit (e.g. October 2014). 3.3.3. The approval authority shall also accept the manufacturer’s suitable certification to harmonised standard EN ISO 9001:2008 or an equivalent harmonised standard as satisfying the initial assessment requirements of point 3.3. The manufacturer shall provide details of the certification and undertake to inform the approval authority of any revisions to its validity or scope. 3.4. For the purpose of vehicle type-approval, the initial assessments carried out for granting approvals for systems, components and separate technical units of the vehicle need not be repeated but shall be complemented by an assessment covering the locations and activities relating to the assembly of the whole vehicle not covered by the former assessments. 4. Product conformity arrangements 4.1. Every vehicle, system, component or separate technical unit approved pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation, pursuant to a UNECE regulation annexed to the Revised 1958 Agreement, or pursuant to a complete test report issued on the basis of OECD Codes listed in Annex II to this Regulation, shall be so manufactured as to conform to the approved type by meeting the requirements of this Annex, Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation, as well as the relevant UNECE regulation(s) and OECD Code(s). 4.2. Before granting a type-approval pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation, a UNECE regulation annexed to the Revised 1958 Agreement or an OECD Code, the approval authority of a Member State shall verify the existence of adequate arrangements and documented control plans, to be agreed with the manufacturer for each approval, to carry out at specified intervals those tests or associated checks necessary to verify continued conformity with the approved type, including, where applicable, tests specified in Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, the UNECE regulation and the OECD Code. 4.3. The holder of the type-approval shall, in particular: 4.3.1. ensure the existence and application of procedures for effective control of the conformity of products (vehicles, systems, components or separate technical units) to the approved type; 4.3.2. have access to the testing or other appropriate equipment necessary for checking conformity to each approved type; 4.3.3. ensure that test or check result data are recorded and that annexed documents remain available for a period of up to 10 years to be determined in agreement with the approval authority; 4.3.4. analyse the results of each type of test or check, in order to verify and ensure the stability of the product characteristics, making allowance for variation in industrial production; 4.3.5. ensure that for each type of product, at least the checks and the tests prescribed in Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 and the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation as well as those set out in the relevant UNECE Regulation or OECD Code are carried out; 4.3.6. ensure that any set of samples or test pieces giving evidence of non-conformity in the type of test in question gives rise to a further sampling and test or check. All the necessary steps shall be taken to restore the production process to ensure conformity with the approved type; 4.3.7. in the case of vehicle type-approval, the checks referred to in point 4.3.5 shall at least consist in verifying the correct built specifications in relation to the approval and the information required for certificates of conformity. 4.4. In the case of step-by-step, mixed or multi-stage type-approvals, the approval authority granting whole vehicle type-approval may request specific details regarding compliance with the conformity of production requirements set out in this Annex from any approval authority that granted type-approval of any relevant system, component or separate technical unit. 4.5. If the approval authority granting whole vehicle type-approval is not satisfied with the reported information referred to in point 4.4 and has communicated this in writing to the manufacturer in question and the approval authority granting type-approval for the system, component or separate technical unit, the approval authority granting whole vehicle type-approval shall demand additional conformity of production audits or checks to be performed at the site of the manufacturer(s) of those systems, components or separate technical units and the results shall immediately be made available to the approval authority concerned. 4.6. If points 4.4 and 4.5 apply and the further audit or check results are deemed not to be satisfactory in the opinion of the approval authority granting whole vehicle type-approval, the manufacturer shall ensure that conformity of production is restored as soon as possible by corrective actions to the satisfaction of the approval authority granting whole vehicle type-approval and to the satisfaction of the approval authority granting type-approval of the system, component or separate technical unit. 5. Continued verification arrangements 5.1. The authority which has granted type-approval may at any time verify the conformity of production control methods applied in each production facility by means of periodic audits. The manufacturer shall for that purpose allow access to the manufacture, inspection, testing, storage and distribution sites and shall provide all necessary information with regard to the quality management system documentation and records. 5.1.1. The normal approach for such periodic audits shall be to monitor the continued effectiveness of the procedures laid down in sections 3 and 4 (initial assessment and product conformity arrangements) of this Annex. 5.1.1.1. Surveillance activities carried out by the technical services (qualified or recognised as required in point 3.3.3) shall be accepted as satisfying the requirements of point 5.1.1 with regard to the procedures established at initial assessment. 5.1.1.2. The normal frequency of these verifications by the approval authority (other than those referred to in point 5.1.1.1) shall be such as to ensure that the relevant conformity of production controls applied in accordance with sections 3 and 4 are reviewed over a period consistent with the climate of trust established by the approval authority. 5.2. At every review, the records of tests, checks and production records, and in particular the records of those tests or checks documented as required in point 4.2, shall be available to the inspector. 5.3. The inspector may select random samples to be tested in the manufacturer’s laboratory or in the facilities of the technical service, in which case only physical tests shall be carried out. The minimum number of samples may be determined according to the results of the manufacturer’s own verification. 5.4. Where the level of control appears unsatisfactory, or when it seems necessary to verify the validity of the tests carried out in application of point 5.2, the inspector shall select samples to be sent to the technical service to perform physical tests in accordance with the requirements set out in section 4 and in Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation, the relevant UNECE Regulation or OECD Code. 5.5. Where unsatisfactory results are found during an inspection or a monitoring review, the approval authority shall ensure that all necessary steps are taken to restore conformity of production as rapidly as possible. 5.6. Where Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 requires compliance with UNECE regulations or allows to use complete test reports issued on the basis of OECD standard Codes as an alternative to the requirements set out in the delegated acts adopted pursuant to that Regulation, the manufacturer may choose to apply the provisions of this Annex as an alternative to the conformity of production requirements in the respective UNECE regulations or OECD Codes. However, if point 4.5 or 4.6 apply, all separate conformity of production requirements in UNECE Regulations or OECD Codes have to be complied with to the satisfaction of the approval authority until it decides that conformity of production has been restored.

ANNEX V Requirements with regard to access to repair and maintenance information LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix Number Appendix title Page 1 Access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information 26 2 Information to enable the development of generic diagnostic tools 28 1. Definition For the purposes of this Annex the following definition shall apply: ‘access to Vehicle OBD and Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information’ means the availability of all OBD and repair and maintenance information required for the inspection, diagnosis, servicing or repair of the vehicle. 2. Compliance with access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information requirements in the type-approval procedure 2.1. The manufacturer shall ensure compliance with the technical requirements in this Annex regarding access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information. 2.2. Approval authorities shall grant type-approval only after receiving from the manufacturer a Certificate on Access to Vehicle OBD and Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information. 2.3. The Certificate on Access to Vehicle OBD and Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information shall serve as the proof of compliance with Chapter XV of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013. 2.4. The Certificate on Access to Vehicle OBD and Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information shall be drawn up in accordance with the model referred to in Article 53(8)(3) to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013. 3. Fees for access In addition to time-based access under Article 55 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, manufacturers may offer transaction-based access for which fees are charged per transaction and not based on the time for which access is granted. Where manufacturers offer both time-based and transaction-based access systems, independent repairers shall choose a preferred access system, either time-based or transaction based. 4. Service parts, diagnostic tools and test equipment 4.1. In the context of Article 53 (6) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, the manufacturer shall make the following information available to interested parties on the basis of individual arrangements to which the principle of Article 55 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 apply and to provide contact details on its website: 4.1.1. relevant information to enable the development of replacement components which are critical to the correct functioning of the OBD system; 4.1.2. information to enable the development of generic diagnostic tools as listed in Appendix 2. 4.2. For the purposes of point 4.1.1, the development of replacement components shall not be restricted by any of the following: 4.2.1. the unavailability of pertinent information; 4.2.2. the technical requirements relating to malfunction indication strategies if the OBD thresholds are exceeded or if the OBD system is unable to fulfil the basic OBD monitoring requirements of this Regulation; 4.2.3. specific modifications to the handling of OBD information to deal independently with vehicle operation on liquid or gaseous fuels; 4.2.4. the type-approval of gaseous-fuelled vehicles that contain a limited number of minor deficiencies. 4.3. For the purposes of point 4.1.2, where manufacturers use diagnostic and test tools in accordance with ISO 22900-2:2009 regarding Modular Vehicle Communication Interface (MVCI) and ISO 22901-2:2011 on Open Diagnostic Data Exchange (ODX) in their franchised networks, the ODX files shall be accessible to independent operators via the manufacturer’s website. 5. Multi-stage type-approval 5.1. In the case of multi-stage type-approval, as defined in Article 20 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, the final manufacturer shall be responsible for providing access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information regarding its own manufacturing stage(s) and the link to the previous stage(s). 5.2. In addition, the final manufacturer shall on its website provide independent operators with the following information: 5.2.1. website address of the manufacturer(s) responsible for the previous stage(s); 5.2.2. name and address of all the manufacturers responsible for the previous stage(s); 5.2.3. type-approval number(s) of the previous stage(s); 5.2.4. the engine number. 5.3. Manufacturers responsible for a particular stage or stages of type-approval shall be responsible for providing through their website access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information regarding the stage(s) of type-approval for which they are responsible and the link to the previous stage(s). 5.4. The manufacturer responsible for a particular stage or stages of type-approval shall provide the following information to the manufacturer responsible for the next stage: 5.4.1. the Certificate of Conformity relating to the stage(s) for which it is responsible; 5.4.2. the Certificate on Access to Vehicle OBD and Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information, including its appendices; 5.4.3. the type-approval number corresponding to the stage(s) for which it is responsible; 5.4.4. the documents referred to in points 5.4.1, 5.4.2 and 5.4.3 as provided by the manufacturer(s) involved in the previous stage(s). 5.5. Each manufacturer shall authorise the manufacturer responsible for the next stage to pass the documents to the manufacturers responsible for subsequent and final stages. 5.6. In addition, on a contractual basis, the manufacturer responsible for a particular stage or stages of type-approval shall: 5.6.1. provide the manufacturer responsible for the next stage with access to OBD and repair and maintenance information and interface information corresponding to the particular stage(s) for which it is responsible; 5.6.2. provide, at the request of a manufacturer responsible for a subsequent stage of type-approval, with access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information and interface information corresponding to the particular stage(s) for which he is responsible. 5.7. A manufacturer, including a final manufacturer, may charge fees in accordance with Article 55 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 only in respect of the particular stage(s) for which he is responsible. 5.8. A manufacturer, including a final manufacturer, shall not charge fees for providing information relating to the website address or contact details of any other manufacturer. 6. Small volume manufacturers 6.1. Manufacturers shall provide access to repair and maintenance information in a readily accessible and prompt manner, and in a manner which is non-discriminatory as compared with the provisions given or access granted to authorised dealers and repairers in accordance with Article 53(13) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, if their annual worldwide production of a type of vehicle covered by that regulation is less than: (a) for T-category: 200 vehicles; (b) for C-category: 80 vehicles; (c) for R-category: 400 vehicles; (d) for S-category: 200 vehicles. For a type of system, component or separate technical unit covered by that Regulation, the relevant figure in the meaning of this provision is 250 units. 6.2. Vehicles, systems, components and separate technical units covered by paragraph 1 shall be listed on the manufacturer’s repair and maintenance information website. 6.3. The approval authority shall inform the Commission of all type-approvals granted to small-volume manufacturers. 7. Compliance with the obligations regarding access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information 7.1. An approval authority may, at any time, on their own initiative, or on the basis of a complaint or of an assessment by a technical service, check a manufacturer’s compliance with its obligations under Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, this Regulation and the terms of the Certificate on Access to Vehicle OBD and Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information. 7.2. Where an approval authority finds that a manufacturer has failed to comply with its obligations regarding access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information, the approval authority which granted the relevant type-approval shall take appropriate measures to remedy the situation. 7.3. Such measures may include withdrawal or suspension of type-approval, fines or other measures adopted in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 167/2013. 7.4. If an independent operator or a trade association representing independent operators files a complaint to the approval authority, the authority shall carry out an audit to verify the manufacturer’s compliance with obligations concerning access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information. 7.5. When carrying out the audit, the approval authority may ask a technical service or any other independent expert to carry out an assessment to verify whether these obligations are met. 7.6. If the vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information is not available when the application for type-approval is made, the manufacturer shall provide that information within six months of the date of type-approval. 7.7. Where the vehicle is placed on the market more than six months after type-approval, the information shall be provided on the date on which the vehicle is placed on the market. 7.8. The approval authority may presume on the basis of a completed Certificate on Access to Vehicle OBD and Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information that the manufacturer has put in place satisfactory arrangements and procedures with regard to access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information, provided that no complaint was made and that the manufacturer provides the certificate within the periods referred to in paragraph 7.7. 7.9. If the certificate of compliance is not provided within that period, the approval authority shall take appropriate measures to ensure compliance. 8. Information requirements for granting access to independent operators to non-secure areas 8.1. For access to any OBD and repair and maintenance information other than that relating to secure areas of the vehicle, registration requirements for use of the manufacturer’s website by an independent operator shall require only such information as is necessary to confirm how payment for the information is to be made. 9. Information requirements for granting access to independent operators to secure areas 9.1. For access to any OBD and repair and maintenance information concerning access to secure areas of the vehicle, the independent operator shall be approved and authorised for this purpose on the basis of documents demonstrating that it pursues a legitimate business activity and has not been convicted of relevant criminal activity. 9.2. Independent operators shall be given access to vehicle security features used by authorised dealers and repair shops under protection of security technology concerning the exchange of data to ensure confidentiality, integrity and protection against replay. 9.3. The Forum on Access to Vehicle Information provided for by Article 56 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 will specify state-of-the-art parameters for fulfilling these requirements. 9.4. For information concerning access to secure areas of the vehicle, the independent operator shall present a certificate in accordance with ISO 20828:2006 to identify itself and the organisation to which it belongs. The manufacturer shall respond with its own certificate in accordance with ISO 20828:2006 to confirm to the independent operator that it is accessing a legitimate site of the manufacturer in question. Both parties shall keep a log of any such transactions indicating the vehicles and changes made to them under this provision. Appendix 1 Access to vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information 1. Introduction 1.1. This Appendix lays down technical requirements for the accessibility of vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information. 2. Requirements 2.1. The manufacturer shall provide vehicle repair and maintenance information using only open text and graphic formats or formats which can be viewed and printed using only standard software plug-ins that are freely available, easy to install, and which run with computer operating systems commonly in use. 2.1.1. Vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information available through websites shall follow the common standard referred to in Article 53(2) of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013. 2.1.2. Where possible, keywords in the metadata shall conform to ISO 15031-2:2010. Such information shall be always available, except as required for website maintenance purposes. 2.1.3. Those requiring the right to duplicate or re-publish the information should negotiate directly with the manufacturer concerned. 2.1.4. Information for training material shall also be available, but may be presented through media other than websites. 2.2. Information on all parts of the vehicle, with which the vehicle, as identified by the model and serial number, or by VIN number of the vehicle and any additional criteria such as wheelbase, engine output, trim level or options, is equipped by the vehicle manufacturer and which can be replaced by spare parts offered by the vehicle manufacturer to its authorised repairers or dealers or third parties by means of reference to original equipment (OE) parts numbers, shall be made available in a database easily accessible to independent operators. 2.3. This database or alternative accessible format shall comprise the VIN, OE parts numbers, OE naming of the parts, validity attributes (valid-from and valid-to dates), fitting attributes and, where applicable, structuring characteristics. 2.4. The information on the database or available in another accessible format shall be regularly updated. In particular, the updates shall include all modifications to individual vehicles after their production if this information is available to authorised dealers. 2.5. Reprogramming of control units for the purposes of, e.g. recalibration after a repair or loading software to a replacement ECU or recoding or reinitialising replacement parts or components, must allow the use of non-proprietary hardware. 2.5.1. Reprogramming shall be conducted in accordance with either ISO 22900-2, SAE J2534 or TMC RP1210 at the latest as from 1.1.2018; this date is set to 1.1.2020 — for manufacturers of vehicles of R- and S-category, — for manufacturers of vehicles of T- and C-category whose production is below the limits set out in point 6.1 of this Annex, — for manufacturers of systems, components or separate technical units whose production is below the limits set out in point 6.1 of this Annex. 2.5.2. Ethernet, serial cable or Local Area Network (LAN) interface and alternative media like Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or solid state memory device for infotainment systems (e.g. navigation systems, telephone) may also be used, but on the condition that no proprietary communication software (e.g. drivers or plug-ins) and hardware is required. For the validation of the compatibility of the manufacturer-specific application and the vehicle communication interfaces (VCI) complying to ISO 22900-2, SAE J2534 or TMC RP1210, the manufacturer shall offer either a validation of independently developed VCIs or the information, and loan of any special hardware, required for a VCI manufacturer to conduct such validation himself. The conditions of Article 55 of Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 shall apply to fees for such validation or information and hardware. 2.5.3. Until a vehicle manufacturer has implemented these standards, he shall make available proprietary information (e.g. protocol information, process method, identity coding) on how to reprogram a control unit. 2.5.4. To ensure in-vehicle communication and communication between ECUs and diagnostic service tools, the following standards shall apply: SAE J1939, ISO 11783, ISO 14229 or ISO 27145. ISO 27145 shall be applied in combination with either ISO 15765-4 or ISO 13400. 2.5.5. When a manufacturer recommends a combination of a type of tractor with a type of R or S category vehicle or vice versa, he shall provide the vehicle OBD and vehicle repair and maintenance information related to the interconnectivity of both vehicles to independent operators. This information may also be provided through a website set up jointly by several manufacturers or a consortium of manufacturers if this website is compliant with the provisions of this Regulation, as indicated by recital 23 to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013. 2.6. Manufacturers’ repair information websites shall indicate type-approval numbers by model. 2.7. Manufacturers shall establish reasonable and proportionate fees for hourly, daily, monthly, annual and if applicable per-transaction access to their repair and maintenance information websites. Appendix 2 Information to enable the development of generic diagnostic tools 1. Information required for the manufacture of diagnostic tools In order to facilitate the provision of generic diagnostic tools for multi-make repairers, vehicle manufacturers shall make available the information referred to in points 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 through their repair information websites. That information shall include all diagnostic tool functions and all the links to repair information and troubleshooting instructions. The access to the information may be subject to the payment of a reasonable fee. 1.1. Communication protocol information The following information shall be required indexed against vehicle make, model and variant, or other workable definition such as VIN or vehicle and systems identification: (a) Any additional protocol information system necessary to enable complete diagnostics in addition to the standards prescribed in point 4.7.3 of Annex 9B to UNECE Regulation No 49, including any additional hardware or software protocol information, parameter identification, transfer functions, ‘keep alive’ requirements, or error conditions; (b) Details of how to obtain and interpret all fault codes which are not in accordance with the standards prescribed in point 4.7.3 of Annex 9B to UNECE Regulation No 49; (c) A list of all available live data parameters, including scaling and access information; (d) A list of all available functional tests, including device activation or control and the means to implement them; (e) Details of how to obtain all component and status information, time stamps, pending DTC and freeze frames, (f) Resetting adaptive learning parameters, variant coding and replacement component setup, and customer preferences, (g) ECU identification and variant coding, (h) Details of how to reset service lights; (i) Location of diagnostic connector and connector details; (j) Engine code identification. 1.2. Test and diagnosis of OBD monitored components The following information shall be required: (a) A description of tests to confirm its functionality, at the component or in the harness; (b) Test procedure including test parameters and component information; (c) Connection details including minimum and maximum input and output and driving and loading values; (d) Values expected under certain driving conditions including idling; (e) Electrical values for the component in its static and dynamic states; (f) Failure mode values for each of the above scenarios; (g) Failure mode diagnostic sequences including fault trees and guided diagnostics elimination; 1.3. Data required to perform the repair The following information shall be required: (a) ECU and component initialisation (in the event of replacements being fitted); (b) Initialisation of new or replacement ECU’s where relevant using pass-through (re-) programming techniques.

ANNEX VI Requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (dynamic testing) A. GENERAL PROVISION 1. The Union requirements applying to roll-over protection structures (dynamic testing) are set out in point B. B. REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TO ROLL-OVER PROTECTION STRUCTURES (DYNAMIC TESTING) (1) 1. Definitions 1.1. [Not applicable] 1.2. Rolling Over Protective Structure (ROPS) Roll-over protective structure (protective cab or frame), hereinafter called ‘protective structure’, means the structure on a tractor the essential purpose of which is to avoid or limit risks to the driver resulting from roll-over of the tractor during normal use. The roll-over protective structure is characterized by the provision of space for a clearance zone large enough to protect the driver when seated either inside the envelope of the structure or within a space bounded by a series of straight lines from the outer edges of the structure to any part of the tractor that might come into contact with flat ground and that is capable of supporting the tractor in that position if the tractor overturns. 1.3. Track 1.3.1. Preliminary definition: median plane of the wheel The median plane of the wheel is equidistant from the two planes containing the periphery of the rims at their outer edges. 1.3.2. Definition of track The vertical plane through the wheel axis intersects its median plane along a straight line which meets the supporting surface at one point. If A and B are the two points thus defined for the wheels on the same axle of the tractor, then the track width is the distance between points A and B. The track may be thus defined for both front and rear wheels. Where there are twin wheels, the track is the distance between two planes each being the median plane of the pairs of wheels. For track-laying tractors, the track is the distance between the median planes of the tracks. 1.3.3. Additional definition: median plane of the tractor Take the extreme positions of points A and B for the tractor rear axle, which gives the maximum possible value for the track. The vertical plane at right angles to the line AB at its centre point is the median plane of the tractor. 1.4. Wheelbase The distance between the vertical planes passing through the two lines AB as defined above, one for the front wheels and one for the rear-wheels. 1.5. Determination of seat index point; Seat location and adjustment for test 1.5.1. Seat Index Point (SIP) (2) The seat index point shall be determined in accordance with ISO 5353:1995. 1.5.2. Seat location and adjustment for test 1.5.2.1. Where the inclination of the backrest and seat pan is adjustable, these must be adjusted so that the Seat Index Point is in its rear uppermost position; 1.5.2.2. Where the seat is equipped with suspension, the latter must be blocked at mid-travel, unless this is contrary to the instructions clearly laid down by the seat manufacturer; 1.5.2.3. Where the position of the seat is adjustable only lengthwise and vertically, the longitudinal axis passing through the Seat Index Point shall be parallel with the vertical longitudinal plane of the tractor passing through the centre of the steering wheel and not more than 100 mm from that plane. 1.6. Clearance zone 1.6.1. Reference plane The clearance zone is illustrated in Figures 3.8 to 3.10 and Table 3.3. The zone is defined in relation to the reference plane and the Seat Index Point. The reference plane is a vertical plane, generally longitudinal to the tractor and passing through the Seat Index Point and the centre of the steering wheel. Normally the reference plane coincides with the longitudinal median plane of the tractor. This reference plane shall be assumed to move horizontally with the seat and steering wheel during loading but to remain perpendicular to the tractor or the floor of the roll-over protective structure. The clearance zone shall be defined on the basis of sub clauses 1.6.2 and 1.6.3. 1.6.2. Determination of clearance zone for tractors with a non-reversible seat The clearance zone for tractors with a non-reversible seat is defined in 1.6.2.1 to 1.6.2.10 below and is bounded by the following planes, the tractor being on a horizontal surface, the seat, where adjustable, adjusted to its rear uppermost position (2), and the steering wheel, where adjustable, adjusted to the mid position for seated driving: 1.6.2.1. a horizontal plane A1 B1 B2 A2, (810 + av) mm above the seat index point (SIP) with line B1B2 located (ah – 10) mm behind the SIP; 1.6.2.2. an inclined plane G1 G2 I2 I1, perpendicular to the reference plane, including both a point 150 mm behind line B1B2 and the rearmost point of the seat backrest; 1.6.2.3. a cylindrical surface A1 A2 I2 I1 perpendicular to the reference plane, having a radius of 120 mm, tangential to the planes defined in 1.6.2.1 and 1.6.2.2 above; 1.6.2.4. a cylindrical surface B1 C1 C2 B2, perpendicular to the reference plane, having a radius of 900 mm extending forward for 400 mm and tangential to the plane defined in 1.6.2.1 above along line B1B2; 1.6.2.5. an inclined plane C1 D1 D2 C2, perpendicular to the reference plane, joining the surface defined in 1.6.2.4 above and passing 40 mm from the forward external edge of the steering wheel. In the case of a high steering wheel position, this plane extends forward from line B1B2 tangentially to the surface defined in 1.6.2.4 above; 1.6.2.6. a vertical plane D1 E1 E2 D2 perpendicular to the reference plane 40 mm forward of the external edge of the steering wheel; 1.6.2.7. a horizontal plane E1 F1 F2 E2 passing through a point (90 – av) mm below the seat index point (SIP); 1.6.2.8. a surface G1 F1 F2 G2, if necessary curved from the bottom limit of the plane defined in 1.6.2.2 above to the horizontal plane defined in 1.6.2.7 above, perpendicular to the reference plane, and in contact with the seat backrest throughout its length; 1.6.2.9. vertical planes J1 E1 F1 G1 H1 and J2 E2 F2 G2 H2. These vertical planes shall extend upwards from plane E1 F1 F2 E2 for 300 mm; the distances E1 E0 and E2 E0 shall be 250 mm; 1.6.2.10. parallel planes A1 B1 C1 D1 J1 H1 I1 and A2 B2 C2 D2 J2 H2 I2 inclined so that the upper edge of the plane on the side on which the force is applied is at least 100 mm from the vertical reference plane. 1.6.3. Determination of clearance zone for tractors with a reversible driver’s position For tractors with a reversible driver’s position (reversible seat and steering wheel), the clearance zone is the envelope of the two clearance zones defined by the two different positions of the steering wheel and the seat. 1.6.4. Optional seats 1.6.4.1. In case of tractors that could be fitted with optional seats, the envelope comprising the seat index points of all options offered shall be used during the tests. The protective structure shall not enter the larger clearance zone which takes account of these different seat index points. 1.6.4.2. In the case where a new seat option is offered after the test has been performed, a determination shall be made to see whether the clearance zone around the new SIP falls within the envelope previously established. If it does not, a new test must be performed. 1.6.4.3. Optional seat does not include a seat for a person in addition to the driver and from where the tractor cannot be controlled. The SIP shall not be determined because the definition of the clearance zone is in relation to the driver seat. 1.7. Unballasted mass The mass of the tractor without ballasting devices and, in the case of tractors with pneumatic tyres, without liquid ballast in the tyres. The tractor shall be in running order with tanks, circuits and radiator full, protective structure with cladding and any track equipment or additional front wheel drive components required for normal use. The operator is not included. 1.8. Permissible measurement tolerances Distance ± 0,5 mm Force ± 0,1 % (of the sensor full scale) Mass ± 0,2 % (of the sensor full scale) Tyre pressure ± 5,0 % Angle ± 0,1° 1.9. Symbols ah (mm) Half of the horizontal seat adjustment av (mm) Half of the vertical seat adjustment E (J) Energy input during test F (N) Static load force H (mm) Height of lift of the centre of gravity of the pendulum block I (kg.m2) Moment of inertia about rear axle, excluding wheels used for calculating rear impact energy L (mm) Wheelbase used for calculating rear impact energy M (kg) Mass used for calculating energy and crushing forces 2. Field of application 2.1. This Annex is applicable to tractors having at least two axles for pneumatic tyred wheels with or without track attachments and with an unballasted tractor mass greater than 600 kg but generally less than 6 000 kg. 2.2. The minimum track width of the rear-wheels should generally be greater than 1 150 mm. It is recognised that there may be designs of tractors, for example, lawn mowers, narrow vineyard tractors, low profile tractors used in buildings with limited overhead clearance or in orchards, high-clearance tractors and special forestry machines, such as forwarders and skidders, for which this Annex is not applicable. 3. Rules and directions 3.1. General regulations 3.1.1. The protective structure may be manufactured either by the tractor manufacturer or by an independent firm. In either case a test is only valid for the model of tractor on which it is carried out. The protective structure must be retested for each model of tractor to which it is to be fitted. However, testing stations may certify that the strength tests are also valid for tractor models derived from the original model by modifications to the engine, transmission and steering and front suspension (see below 3.6: Extension to other tractor models). On the other hand, more than one protective structure may be tested for any one model of tractor. 3.1.2. The protective structure submitted for dynamic test must be supplied attached in the normal manner to the tractor model in connection with which it is being tested. The tractor submitted shall be complete and in running order. 3.1.3. Where a ‘tandem’ tractor is concerned, the mass of the standard version of that part to which the protective structure is fitted is to be used. 3.1.4. A protective structure may be designed solely to protect the driver in the event of the tractor overturning. Onto this structure it may be possible to fit weather protection for the driver, of a more or less temporary nature. The driver will usually remove this in warm weather. There are protective structures however, in which the cladding is permanent and warm weather ventilation provided by windows or flaps. As the cladding may add to the strength of the structure and if removable may well be absent when an accident occurs, all parts that can be so taken away by the driver will be removed for the purpose of the test. Doors, roof hatch and windows that can be opened shall be either removed or fixed in the open position for the test, so that they do not add to the strength of the protective structure. It shall be noted whether, in this position, they would create a hazard for the driver in the event of overturning. Throughout the remainder of these rules, reference will only be made to testing the protective structure. It must be understood that this includes cladding not of a temporary nature. A description of any temporary cladding supplied is to be included in the specifications. All glass or similar brittle material shall be removed prior to the test. Tractor and protective structure components which might sustain needless damage during the test and which do not affect the strength of the protective structure or its dimensions may be removed prior to the test if the manufacturer wishes. No repairs or adjustment may be carried out during the test. 3.1.5. Any component of the tractor contributing to the strength of the protective structure such as mud-guards, which has been reinforced by the manufacturer, should be described and its measurements given in the test report. 3.2. Apparatus and test conditions 3.2.1. The structure shall be struck by a block acting as a pendulum and submit to a front and a rear crushing test. 3.2.2. The mass of the pendulum bloc (Figure 3.1) shall be 2 000 kg. Its impact face shall have dimensions 680 × 680 mm ± 20. It shall be made in such a way that the position of its centre of gravity is constant (for example with iron bars bound in concrete). It shall be suspended from a pivot point about 6 m above the floor in such a way that the height of the pendulum may be conveniently and safely adjusted. 3.2.3. For tractors with less than 50 % of their mass on the front wheels, the first blow shall be at the rear of the structure. This shall be followed by a crushing test also at the rear of the structure. The second blow shall be at the front and the third at the side. Finally, there shall be a second crushing test at the front. For tractors with 50 % or more of their mass on the front wheels, the first blow shall be at the front and the second blow at the side. This shall be followed by the two crushing tests, firstly at the rear and secondly at the front. 3.2.4. For tractors with a reversible driver’s position (reversible seat and steering wheel), the first blow shall be longitudinal at the heavier end (with more than 50 % of the mass of the tractor). This shall be followed by a crushing test on the same end. The second blow shall be at the other end, and the third at the side. Finally, there shall be a second crushing test at the lighter end. 3.2.5. A track width setting for the rear-wheels shall be chosen such that the structure is in no way supported by the tyres during the test. This provision may be disregarded if such support is given when the wheels are in their widest alternative track setting. 3.2.6. The side of the tractor from which the side blow is struck shall be that which, in the opinion of the testing station, is likely to give the greatest distortion. The rear blow shall be on the corner opposite the side blow and the front blow on the corner nearer the side blow. The rear blow shall be administered at two-thirds the distance from the median plane of the tractor to the vertical plane touching the outside extremity of the structure. However, if a curve in the back of the structure starts at less than two-thirds of the distance from the centre, the blow shall be struck at the beginning of the curve, i.e. at the point where this curve is tangential to a line at right angles to the median plane of the tractor. 3.2.7. If, during the test, any lashings, props or blocks move or break, the test must be repeated. 3.3. Impact tests 3.3.1. Impact at the rear (Figures 3.2.a and 3.2.b) 3.3.1.1. The rear impact is not required on tractors having 50 % or more of their mass (as defined above) on the front wheels. 3.3.1.2. The tractor shall be placed in relation to the pendulum so that this will strike the structure when the striking face and the supporting chains are at an angle of 20° to the vertical unless the structure at the point of contact has, during deflection, a greater angle with the vertical. In this case the striking face shall be adjusted parallel to the side of the structure at the point of contact at the moment of maximum deflection by an additional support, the supporting chains remaining at an angle of 20° to the vertical. The point of impact shall be that part of the structure likely to hit the ground first in a rearward overturning accident, normally the upper edge. The height of the pendulum will be so adjusted that it has no tendency to turn about the point of contact. 3.3.1.3. The tractor will be lashed down. The points of attachment of the lashings shall be approximately 2 m behind the rear axle and 1,5 m in front of the front axle. There shall be two lashings on each axle, one on each side of the median plane of the tractor. The lashings shall be steel cable of 12,5 to 15 mm diameter, tensile strength 1 100-1 260 MPa. The tyres of the tractor shall be inflated, and the lashings tightened to give tyre pressures and deflections, as shown in the Table 3.1, below. After the lashings have been tightened a wood beam 150 × 150 mm shall be clamped in front of the rear-wheels, driven tight against them. 3.3.1.4. The pendulum shall be pulled back so that the height H of its centre of gravity above that at the point of impact is given by one of the following formulae at the option of the manufacturer: or 3.3.1.5. The pendulum shall be released and allowed to crash against the structure. The quick release mechanism must be so positioned that it does not tilt the weight in relation to the chains supporting it at the moment of release. Table 3.1 Tyre Pressures Tyre pressures kPa (3) Deflection mm Four-wheel drive tractors with front and rear wheels of the same size: Front 100 25 Rear 100 25 Four-wheel drive tractors with front wheels smaller than rear wheels: Front 150 20 Rear 100 25 Two-wheel drive tractors: Front 200 15 Rear 100 25 3.3.2. Impact at the front (Figures 3.3.a and 3.3.b) 3.3.2.1. This shall be carried out in the same way as the impact at the rear. The lashings shall be the same but the wooden beam shall be behind the rear-wheels. The height of fall of the centre of gravity of the pendulum shall be given by the following formula: 3.3.2.2. The point of impact shall be that part of the structure that would hit the ground first when turning over sideways while travelling forward, normally the top of the front corner. 3.3.3. Impact at the side (Figure 3.4) 3.3.3.1. The tractor shall be placed in relation to the pendulum so that this will strike the structure when the striking face and the supporting chains are vertical unless the structure at the point of contact is, during deflection, other than vertical. In this case the striking face shall be adjusted so that it is approximately parallel to the structure at the point of contact at the moment of maximum deflection. This adjustment shall be made by an additional support, the supporting chains remaining vertical at the moment of impact. The point of impact shall be that part of the structure likely to hit the ground first in a sideways overturning accident, normally the upper edge. 3.3.3.2. Unless it is certain that any other part of this edge would hit the ground first, the point of impact shall be in the plane at right angles to the median plane of the tractor and passing 60 mm in front of the seat index point, the seat being at its mid-point of longitudinal adjustment. The height of the pendulum will be so adjusted that it has no tendency to turn about the point of contact. 3.3.3.3. For tractors with a reversible driver’s position, the point of impact shall be in the plane at right angles to the median plane of the tractor and at the mid-point between the two seat index points. 3.3.3.4. The rear-wheel of the tractor on the side to be struck shall be lashed down. The tension in the lashings shall be determined as for the impact at the rear. After lashing, a beam 150 × 150 mm shall be clamped against the side of the rear-wheel opposite the blow, and driven hard against the tyre. A beam shall be placed as a prop against this wheel and secured on the floor so that it is held tight against the wheel during impact. The length of this beam shall be chosen so that when in position against the wheel it makes an angle of 25 to 40° with the horizontal. Furthermore its length shall be 20 to 25 times its thickness and its width 2 to 3 times its thickness. 3.3.3.5. The pendulum shall be pulled back as in the previous tests so that the height H of its centre of gravity above that at the moment of impact is determined by the following formula: 3.3.3.6. During the side impact test the difference between the maximum momentary deflection and the permanent deflection at a height of (810 + av) mm above the seat index point shall be recorded. This may be done with a device on which a moving friction collar shall be fitted on a horizontal rod. One end of the rod shall be attached to the top member of the structure and the other will pass through a hole in a vertical bar attached to tractor chassis. The collar will be positioned against the vertical bar attached to tractor chassis before the blow and its distance from it after the blow will give the difference between the maximum momentary deflection and the permanent deflection. 3.4. Crushing tests It may be necessary to hold down the front of the tractor when carrying out the test at the rear. Blocks will be placed under the axles so that the tyres do not bear crushing force. The cross beam used shall have a width of approximately 250 mm and shall be connected to the load applying mechanism by universal joints (Figure 3.5). 3.4.1. Crushing at the rear (Figures 3.6.a and 3.6.b) 3.4.1.1. The crushing beam shall be positioned across the rear uppermost structural members so that the resultant of the crushing forces is located in the vertical reference plane of the tractor. The crushing force (F) shall be applied where: F = 20 M This force shall be maintained for 5 seconds after cessation of any visually detectable movement of the protective structure. 3.4.1.2. Where the rear part of the protective structure roof will not sustain the full crushing force (Figures 3.7.a and 3.7.b), the force shall be applied until the roof is deflected to coincide with the plane joining the upper part of the protective structure with that part of the rear of the tractor capable of supporting the tractor when overturned. The force shall then be removed and the crushing beam repositioned over that part of the protective structure that would support the tractor when completely overturned. The crushing force F shall be applied. 3.4.2. Crushing at the front (Figures 3.6.a and 3.6.b) 3.4.2.1. The crushing beam shall be positioned across the front uppermost structural members so that the resultant