STATUS AGREEMENT

between the European Union and Montenegro on actions carried out by the European Border and Coast Guard Agency in Montenegro

THE EUROPEAN UNION

and MONTENEGRO,

hereinafter referred to as "the Parties",

WHEREAS situations may arise where the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (hereinafter referred to as "the Agency") coordinates the operational cooperation between Member States of the European Union and Montenegro, including on the territory of Montenegro,

WHEREAS a legal framework in the form of a status agreement should be established for the situations where the team members of the Agency will have executive powers on the territory of Montenegro,

CONSIDERING that all actions of the Agency on the territory of Montenegro should fully respect fundamental rights,

HAVE DECIDED TO CONCLUDE THIS AGREEMENT:

3. The status and delimitation under international law of the respective territories of the Member States of the European Union and Montenegro is in no way affected neither by this Agreement nor by any act accomplished in its implementation by the Parties or on their behalf, including the establishment of operational plans or the participation in cross-border operations.

1. This Agreement shall cover all aspects that are necessary for carrying out actions by the Agency that may take place on the territory of Montenegro whereby members of a team of the Agency have executive powers.

"participating Member State" means a Member State which participates in an action in Montenegro by providing technical equipment, border guards and other relevant staff deployed as part of the team;

"personal data" means any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person; an identifiable natural person is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person;

"member of the team" means a member either of the Agency staff or of a team of border guards and other relevant staff from participating Member States, including border guards and other relevant staff that are seconded by Member States to the Agency to be deployed during an action;

"border control" means the control of persons carried out at a border in response exclusively to an intention to cross or the act of crossing that border, regardless of any other consideration, consisting of border checks at border crossing points and border surveillance between border crossing points;

"return operation" means an operation that is coordinated by the Agency and involves technical and operational reinforcement being provided by one or more Member States under which returnees from one or more Member States are returned either on a forced or voluntary basis to Montenegro;

"rapid border intervention" means an action aimed at rapidly responding to a situation of specific and disproportionate challenges at the borders of Montenegro neighbouring a Member State and deployed in the territory of Montenegro for a limited period of time;

"joint operation" means an action aimed at tackling illegal immigration or cross-border crime or aimed at providing increased technical and operational assistance at the border of Montenegro neighbouring a Member State and deployed in the territory of Montenegro;

1. The Agency may propose launching an action to the competent authorities of Montenegro. The competent authorities of Montenegro may also request the Agency to consider launching an action.

3. The evaluation of the joint operation or of the rapid border intervention shall be conducted jointly by Montenegro and by the Agency.

2. The operational plan shall set out in detail the organisational and procedural aspects of the joint operation or rapid border intervention, including: a description and an assessment of the situation; the operational aim and objectives; the operational concept; the type of technical equipment to be deployed; the implementation plan; the cooperation with other third countries, other agencies and bodies of the European Union or international organisations; the provisions in respect of fundamental rights including personal data protection; the coordination, command, control, communication and reporting structure; the organisational arrangements and logistics; and the evaluation and the financial aspects of the joint operation or rapid border intervention.

1. An operational plan that has the agreement of the Member State or Member States bordering the operational area shall be agreed between the Agency and Montenegro for each joint operation or rapid border intervention.

7. Montenegro may authorise members of the team to consult its national databases if necessary for fulfilling operational aims specified in the operational plan and for return operations. The members of the team shall only consult data which is necessary for performing their tasks and exercising their powers. Montenegro shall, in advance of the deployment of the members of the team, inform the Agency of the national databases which may be consulted. That consultation shall be carried out in accordance with the national data protection law of Montenegro.

6. While performing their tasks and exercising their powers, members of the team shall be authorised to use force, including service weapons, ammunition and equipment, with the consent of Montenegro and the home Member State, in the presence of border guards or other relevant staff of Montenegro and in accordance with the national law of Montenegro. Montenegro may authorise members of the team to use force in the absence of border guards or other relevant staff of Montenegro.

5. While performing their tasks and exercising their powers, members of the team may carry service weapons, ammunition and equipment as authorised according to the home Member State's national law. Montenegro shall, in advance of the deployment of the members of the team, inform the Agency of the permissible service weapons, ammunition and equipment and of the conditions for their use.

4. Members of the team shall wear their own uniform while performing their tasks and exercising their powers. Members of the team shall also wear visible personal identification and a blue armband with the insignias of the European Union and of the Agency on their uniforms. For the purposes of identification vis-à-vis the national authorities of Montenegro, members of the team shall at all times carry the accreditation document referred to in Article 8.

In cases where the instructions issued to the team are not in compliance with the operational plan, the coordinating officer shall immediately report to the executive director of the Agency (hereinafter "the executive director"). The executive director may take appropriate measures, including the suspension or the termination of the action.

The Agency, through its coordinating officer, may communicate its views to Montenegro on the instructions given to the team. In that case, Montenegro shall take those views into consideration and follow them to the extent possible.

3. Members of the team may only perform tasks and exercise powers in the territory of Montenegro under instructions from and, as a general rule, in the presence of border guards or other relevant staff of Montenegro. Montenegro shall issue where appropriate instructions to the team in accordance with the operational plan. Montenegro may exceptionally authorise members of the team to act on its behalf.

1. Members of the team shall have the authority to perform the tasks and exercise the executive powers required for border control and return operations.

4. Termination of the action shall not affect any rights or obligations arising out of the application of this Agreement or the operational plan before such termination.

3. In particular, Montenegro or the executive director may suspend or terminate the action in cases of breach of fundamental rights, of violation of the principle of non-refoulement or of data protection rules.

2. Montenegro may suspend or terminate the action, after informing the Agency in writing, if this Agreement or the operational plan are not respected by the Agency or by any participating Member State. Montenegro shall notify the Agency the reasons for this.

1. The executive director may suspend or terminate the action, after informing Montenegro in writing, if this Agreement or the operational plan are not respected by Montenegro. The executive director shall notify Montenegro the reasons for this.

Article 7

Privileges and immunities of the members of the team

1. The privileges and immunities granted to the members of the team aim at ensuring the successful exercise of their official functions in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan on the territory of Montenegro.

2. Papers, correspondence and assets of members of the team shall be inviolable, except in case of measures of execution which are permitted pursuant to paragraph 8.

3. Members of the team shall enjoy immunity from the criminal jurisdiction of Montenegro in respect of the acts performed in the exercise of their official functions in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan. In the event of an allegation of a criminal offence being committed by a member of the team, the executive director and the competent authority of the home Member State shall be notified immediately. Prior to the initiation of the proceeding before the court, the executive director, after careful consideration of any representation made by the competent authority of the home Member State and the competent authorities of Montenegro, shall certify to the court whether the act in question was performed in the exercise of the member's official functions in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan. Pending the certification by the executive director, the Agency and the home Member State shall refrain from taking any measure likely to jeopardise possible subsequent criminal prosecution of the member of the team by the competent authorities of Montenegro. Where the executive director certifies that the act was performed in the exercise of the official functions of the member of the team in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan, the proceeding shall not be initiated. If the executive director certifies that the act was not performed in the exercise of the official functions of the member of the team, the proceeding may be initiated. The certification by the executive director shall be binding upon the competent authorities of Montenegro. Privileges granted to members of the team and immunity from the criminal jurisdiction of Montenegro do not exempt them from the jurisdiction of the home Member State.

4. Members of the team shall enjoy immunity from the civil and administrative jurisdiction of Montenegro in respect of all acts performed by them in the exercise of their official functions in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan. If any civil or administrative proceeding is instituted against a member of the team before any Montenegro court, the executive director and the competent authority of the home Member State shall be notified immediately. Prior to the initiation of the proceeding before the court, the executive director, after careful consideration of any representation made by the competent authority of the home Member State and the competent authorities of Montenegro, shall certify to the court whether the act in question was performed by the member of the team in the exercise of his official functions in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan. Where the executive director certifies that the act was performed in the exercise of the official functions of the member of the team in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan, the proceeding shall not be initiated. If the executive director certifies that the act was not performed in the exercise of the official functions of the member of the team, the proceeding may be initiated. The certification by the executive director shall be binding upon the jurisdiction of Montenegro. The initiation of civil or administrative proceedings by members of the team shall preclude them from invoking immunity from jurisdiction in respect of any counter-claim directly connected with the principal claim.

5. The immunity of the members of the team from the criminal, civil and administrative jurisdiction of Montenegro may be waived by the home Member State as the case may be. Such a waiver shall always be an express waiver.

6. Members of the team who are witnesses may be obliged by the competent authorities of Montenegro, while respecting paragraphs 3 and 4, to provide evidence through a statement and in accordance with the procedural law of Montenegro.

7. In case of damage caused by a member of the team in the exercise of the official functions in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan, Montenegro shall be liable for any damage. In case of damage caused by gross negligence or wilful misconduct or if the act was not performed in the exercise of the official functions by a member of the team from a participating Member State, Montenegro may request, via the executive director, that compensation be paid by the participating Member State concerned. In case of damage caused by gross negligence or wilful misconduct or if the act was not performed in the exercise of the official functions by a member of the team who is a staff member of the Agency, Montenegro may request that compensation be paid by the Agency. In case of damage caused in Montenegro, due to force majeure, neither Montenegro, nor the participating Member State, nor the Agency shall hold any responsibility.

8. No measures of execution may be taken in respect of members of the team, except in the case where a civil proceeding not related to their official functions held in the course of the actions carried out in accordance with the operational plan is instituted against them. Property of members of the team, which is certified by the executive director to be necessary for the fulfilment of their official functions, shall be free from seizure for the satisfaction of a judgment, decision or order. In civil proceedings, members of the team shall not be subject to any restrictions on their personal liberty or to any other measures of constraint.

9. The immunity of members of the team from the jurisdiction of Montenegro shall not exempt them from the jurisdictions of the respective home Member States.

10. Members of the team shall, with respect to services rendered for the Agency, be exempt from social security provisions which may be in force in Montenegro.

11. Members of the team shall be exempt from any form of taxation in Montenegro on the salary and emoluments paid to them by the Agency or the home Member States, as well as on any income received from outside Montenegro.

12. Montenegro shall, in accordance with its laws and regulations, permit the entry of articles for the personal use of members of the team, and shall grant exemption from all customs duties, taxes, and related charges other than charges for storage, transport and similar services, in respect of such articles. Montenegro shall also permit the export of such articles.