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embedded in this document  
►B COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1321/2014  
of 26 November 2014  
on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on 
the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks  
(Recast)  
(Text with EEA relevance)  
(OJ L 362, 17.12.2014, p. 1)  
Amended by:  
Official Journal  
No page  date  
►M1 Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1088 of 3 July 2015  L 176  4  7.7.2015  
►M2 Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1536 of 16 September 2015  L 241  1 6  17.9.2015  
►M3 Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/334 of 27 February 2017  L  5 0  1 3  28.2.2017  
►M4 Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/750 of 22 May 2018  L 126  1  23.5.2018  
►M5 Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/1142 of 14 August 2018  L 207  2  16.8.2018  
►M6 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1383 of 8 July 20 19 L 228  1  4.9.2019  
►M7 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1384 of 24 July 2 019 L 228  106  4.9.2019  
►M8 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/270 of 25 Februar y 
2020  L 56  2 0  27.2.2020  
►M9 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1159 of 5 August 
2020  L 257  1 4  6.8.2020  
►M10  Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/685 of 22 April 2 021 L 143  6  27.4.2021  
►M11  Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/700 of 26 March 
2021  L 145  2 0  28.4.2021  
►M12  Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/1963 of 8 Novembe r 
2021  L 400  1 8  12.11.2021  
Corrected by:  
►C1 Corrigendum, OJ L 230, 6.9.2019, p. 7 (2019/1383)  02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 1
02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 2  
COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1321/2014  
of 26 November 2014  
on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical 
products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of 
organisations and personnel involved in these tasks  
(Recast)  
(Text with EEA relevance)  
▼M2 
Article 1  
Subject-matter and scope  
This Regulation establishes common technical requirements and a dmin­
istrative procedures to ensure:  
(a) the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, including any com ponent 
for installation thereto, which are:  
(i) registered in a Member State, unless their regulatory safet y 
oversight has been delegated to a third country and they are no t 
used by an EU operator; or  
(ii) registered in a third country and used by an EU operator, where 
their regulatory safety oversight has been delegated to a 
Member State;  
(b) compliance with the essential requirements set out in Regul ation 
(EC) No 216/2008 for continuing airworthiness of aircraft regis tered 
in a third country and components for installation thereon for which 
their regulatory safety oversight has not been delegated to a 
Member State that are dry leased-in by a licence air carrier in  
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008 of the European 
Parliament and the Council (  1 ). 
▼B 
Article 2  
Definitions  
Within the scope of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008, the following defi­
nitions shall apply:  
(a) ‘aircraft’ means any machine that can derive support in the  
atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than reactions o f 
the air against the earth's surface;  
(b) ‘certifying staff’ means personnel responsible for the rele ase of an 
aircraft or a component after maintenance;  
(c) ‘component’ means any engine, propeller, part or appliance;  ▼B 
( 1 ) Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008 of the European Parliament and o f the 
Council of 24 September 2008 on common rules for the operation of air 
services in the Community (OJ L 293, 31.10.2008, p. 3).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 3  
(d) ‘continuing airworthiness’ means all of the processes ensur ing 
that, at any time in its operating life, the aircraft complies with 
the airworthiness requirements in force and is in a condition f or 
safe operation;  
(e) ‘JAA’ means ‘Joint Aviation Authorities.’;  
(f) ‘JAR’ means ‘Joint Aviation Requirements’;  
▼M2 
(g) ‘commercial air transport (CAT) operation’ means an aircraf t 
operation to transport passengers, cargo or mail for remunerati on 
or other valuable consideration;  
▼B 
(h) ‘maintenance’ means any one or combination of the following  
activities: overhaul, repair, inspection, replacement, modifica tion 
or defect rectification of an aircraft or component, with the 
exception of pre-flight inspection;  
(i) ‘organisation’ means a natural person, a legal person or pa rt of a 
legal person. Such an organisation may be established at more 
than one location whether or not within the territory of the 
Member States;  
(j) ‘pre-flight inspection’ means the inspection carried out be fore 
flight to ensure that the aircraft is fit for the intended flig ht; 
(k) ‘ELA1 aircraft’ means the following manned European light 
aircraft:  
(i) an aeroplane with a maximum take-off mass (MTOM) of 
1 200 kg or less that is not classified as complex 
motor-powered aircraft;  
(ii) a sailplane or powered sailplane of 1 200 kg MTOM or less;  
(iii) a balloon with a maximum design lifting gas or hot air 
volume of not more than 3 400 m  3 for hot air balloons, 
1 050 m  3 for gas balloons, 300 m  3 for tethered gas balloons;  
(iv) an airship designed for not more than four occupants and a  
maximum design lifting gas or hot air volume of not more 
than 3 400 m  3 for hot air airships and 1 000 m  3 for gas 
airships;  
▼M1 
(ka) ‘ELA2 aircraft’ means the following manned European Light 
Aircraft:  
(i) an aeroplane with a Maximum Take-off Mass (MTOM) of 
2 000 kg or less that is not classified as complex 
motor-powered aircraft;  
(ii) a sailplane or powered sailplane of 2 000 kg MTOM or less;  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 4  
(iii) a balloon;  
(iv) a hot air ship;  
(v) a gas airship complying with all of the following 
characteristics:  
— 3 % maximum static heaviness,  
— non-vectored thrust (except reverse thrust),  
— conventional and simple design of structure, control 
system and ballonet system, and  
— non-power assisted controls;  
(vi) a Very Light Rotorcraft;  
▼B 
(l) ‘LSA aircraft’ means a light sport aeroplane which has all of the 
following characteristics:  
(i) a Maximum Take-off Mass (MTOM) of not more than 
600 kg;  
(ii) a maximum stalling speed in the landing configuration (VS0 ) 
of not more than 45 knots Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) at the 
aircraft's maximum certificated take-off mass and most 
critical centre of gravity;  
(iii) a maximum seating capacity of no more than two persons, 
including the pilot;  
(iv) a single, non-turbine engine fitted with a propeller;  
(v) a non-pressurised cabin;  
(m) ‘principal place of business’ means the head office or the 
registered office of the undertaking within which the principal  
financial functions and operational control of the activities 
referred to in this Regulation are exercised ;  
▼M2 
(n) ‘critical maintenance task’ means a maintenance task that i nvolves 
the assembly or any disturbance of a system or any part on an 
aircraft, engine or propeller that, if an error occurred during  its 
performance, could directly endanger the flight safety;  
(o) ‘commercial specialised operations’ means those operations 
subject to the requirements of Part-ORO, Subpart-SPO set out 
in Annex III to Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 (  1 ); 
(p) ‘limited operations’ means the operations of other-than-com plex 
motor-powered aircraft for:  
(i) cost-shared flights by private individuals, on the conditio n 
that the direct cost is shared by all the occupants of the 
aircraft, pilot included and the number of persons sharing 
the direct costs is limited to six;  ▼M1 
( 1 ) Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 of 5 October 2012 layi ng down 
technical requirements and administrative procedures related to  air operations 
pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliam ent and of 
the Council (OJ L 296, 25.10.2012, p. 1).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 5  
(ii) competition flights or flying displays, on the condition t hat 
the remuneration or any valuable consideration given for 
such flights is limited to recovery of direct costs and a 
proportionate contribution to annual costs, as well as prizes 
of no more than a value specified by the competent authority;  
(iii) introductory flights, parachute dropping, sailplane towin g or 
aerobatic flights performed either by a training organisation 
having its principal place of business in a Member State and 
approved in accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) 
No 1178/2011 (  1 ), or by an organisation created with the aim 
of promoting aerial sport or leisure aviation, on the condition  
that the aircraft is operated by the organisation on the basis 
of ownership or dry lease, that the flight does not generate 
profits distributed outside of the organisation, and that 
whenever non-members of the organisation are involved, 
such flights represent only a marginal activity of the 
organisation;  
For the purpose of this Regulation, ‘limited operations’ are no t 
considered as CAT operations or commercial specialised 
operations;  
(q) ‘introductory flight’ means ‘introductory flight’ as define d in 
Article 2(9) of Regulation (EU) No 965/2012;  
(r) ‘competition flight’ means ‘competition flight’ as defined in 
Article 2(10) of Regulation (EU) No 965/2012;  
(s) ‘flying display’ means ‘flying display’ as defined in Artic le 2(11) 
of Regulation (EU) No 965/2012.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
Article 3  
Continuing airworthiness requirements  
1. The continuing airworthiness of aircraft referred to in poin t (a) of 
Article 1 and components for installation thereon shall be ensu red in 
accordance with the requirements of Annex I (Part-M), except fo r 
aircraft listed in the first subparagraph of paragraph 2 to whi ch the 
requirements of Annex Vb (Part-ML) shall apply.  
2. The requirements of Annex Vb (Part-ML) shall apply to the 
following other than complex motor-powered aircraft:  
(a) aeroplanes of 2 730 kg maximum take-off mass or less;  
(b) rotorcraft of 1 200 kg maximum take-off mass or less, certi fied for a 
maximum of up to 4 occupants;  
(c) other ELA2 aircraft.  ▼M2 
( 1 ) Commission Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 of 3 November 2011 la ying 
down technical requirements and administrative procedures relat ed to civil 
aviation aircrew pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the  European 
Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 311, 25.11.2011, p. 1).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 6  
Where aircraft referred to points (a), (b) and (c) of the first  subparagraph 
is listed in the air operator certificate of an air carrier lic ensed in 
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the requirements of 
Annex I (Part-M) shall apply.  
3. In order to be listed in the air operator certificate of an air carrier 
licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, aircr aft 
referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of the first subparagrap h of 
paragraph 2 shall comply with all of the following requirements : 
(a) its aircraft maintenance programme has been approved by the  
competent authority in accordance with point M.A.302 of 
Annex I (Part-M);  
(b) due maintenance required by the maintenance programme refer red 
to in point (a) has been performed and certified in accordance with 
point 145.A.48 and 145.A.50 of Annex II (Part-145);  
(c) an airworthiness review has been performed and a new 
airworthiness review certificate has been issued in accordance 
with point M.A.901 of Annex I (Part-M).  
4. By way of derogation from paragraph 1 of this Article, the 
continuing airworthiness of aircraft referred to in point (a) o f Article 1, 
for which a permit to fly has been issued, shall be ensured on the basis 
of the specific continuing airworthiness arrangements defined i n the 
permit to fly issued in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to 
Commission Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 (  1 ). 
▼M11  
5. Aircraft maintenance programmes for aircraft referred to in point 
(a) of Article 1 that comply with the requirements specified in  point 
M.A.302 of Annex I (Part-M) applicable before 24 March 2020 sha ll be 
deemed to comply with the requirements specified in point M.A.3 02 of 
Annex I (Part-M) or point ML.A.302 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable, in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2.  
▼C1 
6. Operators shall ensure the continuing airworthiness of aircr aft 
referred to in point (b) of Article 1 and components for instal lation 
thereon in accordance with the requirements of Annex Va (Part-T ). 
7. The continuing airworthiness of aeroplanes with a maximum 
certificated take-off mass at or below 5 700 kg which are equip ped 
with multiple turboprop engines shall be ensured in accordance with 
the requirements applicable to other than complex motor-powered  
aircraft as set out in points M.A.201, M.A.301, M.A.302, M.A.60 1 
and M.A.803 of Annex I (Part-M), point 145.A.30 of Annex II (Pa rt- 
145), points 66.A.5, 66.A.30, 66.A.70, Appendix V and VI of Ann ex III 
(Part-66), point CAMO.A.315 of Annex Vc (Part-CAMO), 
point CAO.A.010 and Appendix I of Annex Vd (Part-CAO) to the 
extent that they apply to other than complex motor-powered airc raft. ▼C1 
( 1 ) Commission Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 of 3 August 2012 layin g down 
implementing rules for the airworthiness and environmental cert ification of 
aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, as well as  for the certifi­
cation of design and production organisations (OJ L 224, 21.8.2 012, p. 1).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 7  
Article 4  
Approvals for organisations involved in the continuing 
airworthiness  
1. Organisations involved in the continuing airworthiness of ai rcraft 
and components for installation thereon, including maintenance,  shall be 
approved, upon their request, by the competent authority in acc ordance 
with the requirements of Annex II (Part-145), Annex Vc (Part-CA MO) 
or Annex Vd (Part-CAO), as applicable to the respective organis ations.  
2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, until 24 September 20 20 
organisations may, upon their request, be issued approvals by t he 
competent authority in accordance with Subpart F and Subpart G of 
Annex I (Part-M). All approvals issued in accordance with Subpa rt F 
and Subpart G of Annex I (Part-M) shall be valid until 24 March  2022.  
3. Maintenance organisation approval certificates issued or 
recognised by a Member State in accordance with the certificati on 
specification JAR-145 referred to in Annex II to Council Regula tion 
(EEC) No 3922/91 (  1 ) and valid before 29 November 2003 shall be 
deemed to have been issued in accordance with the requirements of 
Annex II (Part-145) to this Regulation.  
4. Organisations that hold a valid organisation approval certif icate 
issued in accordance with Subpart F or Subpart G of Annex I (Pa rt- 
M) or with Annex II (Part-145) shall, upon their request, be is sued by 
the competent authority a Form 3-CAO as set out in Appendix I t o 
Annex Vd (Part-CAO) and thereafter be overseen by the competent  
authority in accordance with Annex Vd (Part-CAO).  
The privileges of such an organisation under the approval issue d in 
accordance with Annex Vd (Part-CAO) shall be the same as privil eges 
under the approval issued in accordance with Subpart F or Subpa rt G of 
Annex I (Part-M) or with Annex II (Part-145). However, those 
privileges shall not exceed the privileges of an organisation r eferred 
to in Section A of Annex Vd (Part-CAO).  
By way of derogation from point CAO.B.060 of Annex Vd (Part-CAO ), 
until 24 March 2022, the organisation may correct any findings of non- 
compliance related to requirements introduced by Annex Vd (Part - 
CAO) which are not included in Subpart F or Subpart G of Annex I 
(Part-M) or in Annex II (Part-145).  
If after 24 March 2022 the organisation has not closed these fi ndings, 
the approval certificate shall be revoked, limited or suspended  in whole 
or in part.  
5. Organisations that hold a valid continuing airworthiness 
management organisation approval certificate issued in accordan ce 
with Subpart G of Annex I (Part-M) shall, upon their request, b e 
issued by the competent authority an EASA Form 14 approval cert ifi­
cate in accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) and thereafter be 
overseen by the competent authority in accordance with Annex Vc  
(Part-CAMO).  ▼M11  
( 1 ) Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 of 16 December 1991 on th e harmon­
ization of technical requirements and administrative procedures  in the field of 
civil aviation (OJ L 373, 31.12.1991, p. 4).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 8  
By way of derogation from point CAMO.B.350 of Annex Vc (Part- 
CAMO), until 24 March 2022, the organisation may correct any 
findings of non-compliance related to requirements introduced b y 
Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) and not included in Subpart G of Annex I 
(Part-M).  
If after 24 March 2022 the organisation has not closed these fi ndings, 
the approval certificate shall be revoked, limited or suspended  in whole 
or in part.  
6. Certificates and aircraft maintenance programme approvals is sued 
pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 as applicable before 
24 March 2020 shall be deemed to have been issued in accordance  
with this Regulation.  
▼B 
Article 5  
Certifying staff 
▼M11  
1. Certifying staff shall be qualified in accordance with the 
requirements of Annex III (Part-66), except as provided for in points 
M.A.606(h), M.A.607(b), M.A.801(c) and M.A.803 of Annex I (Part - 
M), in points ML.A.801(c) and ML.A.803 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), 
CAO.A.040(b) and CAO.A.040(c) of Annex Vd (Part-CAO) and in 
points 145.A.30(j) of and Appendix IV to Annex II (Part-145).  
▼B 
2. Any aircraft maintenance licence and, if any, the technical limi­
tations associated with that licence, issued or recognised by a  Member 
State in accordance with the JAA requirements and procedures an d 
valid at the time of entry into force of Regulation (EC) 
No 2042/2003, shall be deemed to have been issued in accordance  
with this Regulation.  
3. Certifying staff holding a licence issued in accordance with  
Annex III (Part-66) in a given category/sub-category are deemed  to 
have the privileges described in point 66.A.20(a) of the same 
Annex corresponding to such a category/sub-category. The basic 
knowledge requirements corresponding to these new privileges sh all 
be deemed as met for the purpose of extending such licence to a  new 
category/sub-category.  
4. Certifying staff holding a licence including aircraft which do not 
require an individual type rating may continue to exercise his/ her 
privileges until the first renewal or change, where the licence  shall be 
converted following the procedure described in point 66.B.125 o f 
Annex III (Part-66) to the ratings defined in point 66.A.45 of the 
same Annex.  
5. Conversion reports and Examination credit reports complying with 
the requirements applicable before Regulation (EU) No 1149/2011  
applied shall be deemed to be in compliance with this Regulatio n. 
▼M5 
6. Until specific requirements for certifying staff for compone nts are 
added to this Regulation, the requirements laid down in the nat ional 
laws in force in the relevant Member State shall continue to ap ply, 
except for maintenance organisations located outside the Union where 
the requirements shall be approved by the Agency.  ▼M11
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 9  
Article 6  
Training organisation requirements  
1. Organisations involved in the training of personnel referred  to in 
Article 5 shall be approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-1 47) to 
be entitled:  
(a) to conduct recognised basic training courses; and/or  
(b) to conduct recognised type training courses; and  
(c) to conduct examinations; and  
(d) to issue training certificates.  
2. Any maintenance training organisation approval issued or 
recognised by a Member State in accordance with the JAA require ments 
and procedures and valid at the time of entry into force of 
Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003 shall be deemed to have been issue d 
in accordance with this Regulation.  
3. Type training courses approved before the approval of the 
minimum syllabus of certifying staff type rating training in th e opera­
tional suitability data for the relevant type in accordance wit h 
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 shall include the relevant elements  
defined in the mandatory part of that operational suitability d ata not 
later than 18 December 2017 or within two years after the opera tional 
suitability data was approved, whichever is the latest.  
Article 7  
Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003 is repealed.  
References to the repealed Regulation shall be construed as ref erences 
to this Regulation and shall be read in accordance with the cor relation 
table in Annex VI.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
Article 7a  
Competent authorities  
1. Where a Member State designates more than one entity as 
competent authority with the necessary powers and allocated res ponsi­
bilities for the certification and oversight of persons and org anisations 
subject to this Regulation, the following requirements shall be  complied 
with:  
(a) the areas of competence of each competent authority shall b e clearly 
defined, in particular in terms of responsibilities and geograp hic 
limitations;  
(b) coordination shall be established between those authorities  in order 
to ensure effective certification and oversight of all organisa tions 
and persons subject to this Regulation within their respective remits.  
2. Member States shall ensure that the personnel of their compe tent 
authorities do not perform certification and oversight activiti es when 
there are indications that this could result, directly or indir ectly, in a 
conflict of interest, in particular when relating to family or financial 
interest.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 10  
3. Where necessary to carry out certification or oversight task s under 
this Regulation, the competent authorities shall be empowered t o: 
(a) examine the records, data, procedures, and any other materi al 
relevant to the execution of the certification and/or oversight  tasks;  
(b) make copies or extracts from such records, data, procedures  and 
other material;  
(c) ask for an oral explanation on-site from any of the personn el of 
those organisations;  
(d) enter relevant premises, operating sites or means of transp ort owned 
or used by those persons;  
(e) perform audits, investigations, assessments, inspections, i ncluding 
unannounced inspections, in respect of those organisations;  
(f) take or initiate enforcement measures as appropriate.  
4. The powers referred to in paragraph 3 shall be exercised in 
compliance with the legal provisions of the relevant Member Sta te. 
▼B 
Article 8  
Entry into force  
1. This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day 
following that of its publication in the  Official Journal of the 
European Union . 
2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, Member States may ele ct 
not to apply:  
(a) for the maintenance of piston-engine non-pressurised aeropl anes of 
2 000 kg MTOM and below not involved in commercial air 
transport,  
until 28 September 2014, the requirement to have certifying sta ff 
qualified in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) contained in t he 
following provisions:  
— points M.A.606(g) and M.A.801(b)2 of Annex I (Part-M),  
— points 145.A.30(g) and (h) of Annex II (Part-145);  
▼M5 __________  
▼M2 
(c) for aircraft registered in a third country and dry leased-i n by air 
carriers licenced in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/20 08, 
until 25 August 2017, the requirements of Annex Va.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 11  
2a. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, the requirements for  
aircraft used for commercial specialised operations and CAT oth er 
than those by air carriers licenced in accordance with Regulati on (EC) 
No 1008/2008, set out in Regulation (EU) No 965/2012, as amende d by 
Regulation (EU) No 379/2014 (  1 ), shall apply from 21 April 2017.  
Until that time:  
— The provisions of Annex I, point M.A.201(f) shall apply to co mplex 
motor-powered aircraft used by operators requested by a Member 
State to hold a certificate for commercial operations other tha n 
licence air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008 and to commercial ATOs;  
— The provisions of Annex I, point M.A.201(h) shall apply to ot her 
than complex motor-powered aircraft, used by operators requeste d 
by a Member State to hold a certificate for commercial operatio ns 
other than licence air carriers in accordance with Regulation ( EC) 
No 1008/2008 and to commercial ATOs;  
— The provisions of Annex I, point M.A.306(a) shall apply to ai rcraft 
used by licence air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC)  
No 1008/2008 and aircraft used by operators requested by a 
Member State to hold a certificate for commercial operations;  
— The provisions of Annex I, point M.A.801(c) shall apply to EL A1 
not used by licence air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008 and not used by commercial ATOs;  
— The provisions of Annex I, point M.A.803(b) shall apply to 
non-complex motor-powered aircraft of 2 730 kg MTOM and 
below, sailplane, powered sailplane or balloon, not used by 
licence air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, or by operators requested by a Member State to 
hold a certificate for commercial operations, or by commercial 
ATOs;  
— The provisions of Annex I, point M.A.901(g) shall apply to EL A1 
aircraft not used by licence air carriers in accordance with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, or by operators requested by a 
Member State to hold a certificate for commercial operations, o r 
by commercial ATOs.  
▼B 
3. When a Member State makes use of the provisions of paragraph  2 
it shall notify the Commission and the Agency.  ▼M2 
( 1 ) Commission Regulation (EU) No 379/2014 of 7 April 2014 amendi ng 
Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 laying down technical 
requirements and administrative procedures related to air opera tions 
pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliam ent and 
of the Council (OJ L 123, 24.4.2014, p. 1).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 12  
4. For the purpose of time limits contained in points 66.A.25, 66.A.30 
and Appendix III of Annex III (Part-66) related to basic knowle dge 
examinations, basic experience, theoretical type training and e xam­
inations, practical training and assessment, type examinations and on 
the job training completed before  ►M1 Regulation (EU) 
No 1149/2011 ◄ applied, the origin of time shall be the date by  
which  ►M1 Regulation (EU) No 1149/2011 ◄ applied.  
▼M5 __________  
▼M1 
6. By way of derogation from paragraph 1:  
(a) competent authorities or, where applicable, organisations m ay 
continue to issue certificates, previous issue, as laid down in  
Appendix III to Annex I (Part-M) or Appendix II and Appendix 
III to Annex IV (Part-147) to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, in 
force prior to 27 July 2015, until 31 December 2015.  
(b) certificates issued before 1 January 2016 remain valid unti l they are 
changed, suspended or revoked.  
▼M11 __________  
▼M6 
▼C1 __________  
▼B 
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly a pplicable in 
all Member States.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 13  
ANNEX I  
(Part-M)  
▼M6 
▼C1 
CONTENTS  
M.1 
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A — GENERAL  
M.A.101 Scope  
SUBPART B — ACCOUNTABILITY  
M.A.201 Responsibilities  
M.A.202 Occurrence reporting  
SUBPART C — CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
M.A.301 Continuing airworthiness tasks  
M.A.302 Aircraft maintenance programme  
M.A.303 Airworthiness directives  
M.A.304 Data for modifications and repairs  
M.A.305 Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system  
M.A.306 Aircraft technical log system  
M.A.307 Transfer of aircraft continuing airworthiness records  
SUBPART D — MAINTENANCE STANDARDS  
M.A.401 Maintenance data  
M.A.402 Performance of maintenance  
M.A.403 Aircraft defects  
SUBPART E — COMPONENTS  
M.A.501 Classification and installation  
M.A.502 Component maintenance  
M.A.503 Life-limited parts and time-controlled components  
M.A.504 Segregation of components  
SUBPART F — MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION  
M.A.601 Scope  
M.A.602 Application  
M.A.603 Extent of approval  
M.A.604 Maintenance organisation manual  
M.A.605 Facilities  
M.A.606 Personnel requirements  
M.A.607 Certifying staff and airworthiness review staff  
M.A.608 Components, equipment and tools  
M.A.609 Maintenance data  
M.A.610 Maintenance work orders  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 14  
M.A.611 Maintenance standards  
M.A.612 Aircraft certificate of release to service  
M.A.613 Component certificate of release to service  
M.A.614 Maintenance and airworthiness review records  
M.A.615 Privileges of the organisation  
M.A.616 Organisational review  
M.A.617 Changes to the approved maintenance organisation  
M.A.618 Continued validity of approval  
M.A.619 Findings  
SUBPART G — CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT 
ORGANISATION  
M.A.701 Scope  
M.A.702 Application  
M.A.703 Extent of approval  
M.A.704 Continuing airworthiness management exposition  
M.A.705 Facilities  
M.A.706 Personnel requirements  
M.A.707 Airworthiness review staff  
M.A.708 Continuing airworthiness management  
M.A.709 Documentation  
M.A.710 Airworthiness review  
M.A.711 Privileges of the organisation  
M.A.712 Quality system  
M.A.713 Changes to the approved continuing airworthiness organi sation  
M.A.714 Record-keeping  
M.A.715 Continued validity of approval  
M.A.716 Findings  
SUBPART H — CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE (CRS)  
M.A.801 Aircraft certificate of release to service  
M.A.802 Component certificate of release to service  
M.A.803 Pilot-owner authorisation  
SUBPART I — AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE  
M.A.901 Aircraft airworthiness review  
M.A.902 Validity of the airworthiness review certificate  
M.A.903 Transfer of aircraft registration within the EU  
M.A.904 Airworthiness review of aircraft imported into the EU  
M.A.905 Findings  
SECTION B — PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A — GENERAL  
M.B.101 Scope  
M.B.102 Competent authority  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 15  
M.B.103 Findings and enforcement measures - persons  
M.B.104 Record-keeping  
M.B.105 Mutual exchange of information  
SUBPART B — ACCOUNTABILITY  
M.B.201 Responsibilities  
M.B.202 Information to the Agency  
SUBPART C — CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
M.B.301 Aircraft maintenance programme  
M.B.302 Exemptions  
M.B.303 Aircraft continuing airworthiness monitoring  
M.B.304 Revocation, suspension and limitation  
M.B.305 Aircraft technical log system  
SUBPART D — MAINTENANCE STANDARDS  
SUBPART E — COMPONENTS  
SUBPART F — MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION  
M.B.601 Application  
M.B.602 Initial Approval  
M.B.603 Issue of approval  
M.B.604 Continuing oversight  
M.B.605 Findings  
M.B.606 Changes  
M.B.607 Revocation, suspension and limitation of an approval  
SUBPART G — CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT 
ORGANISATION  
M.B.701 Application  
M.B.702 Initial approval  
M.B.703 Issue of approval  
M.B.704 Continuing oversight  
M.B.705 Findings  
M.B.706 Changes  
M.B.707 Revocation, suspension and limitation of an approval  
SUBPART H — CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE (CRS)  
SUBPART I — AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE  
M.B.901 Assessment of recommendations  
M.B.902 Airworthiness review by the competent authority  
M.B.903 Findings  
M.B.904 Exchange of information  
Appendix I — Continuing airworthiness management contract  
Appendix II — Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1  
Appendix III — Airworthiness Review Certificate — EASA Form 15  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 16  
Appendix IV — Class and Ratings System to be used for the Appro val of 
Maintenance Organisations referred to in Annex I (Part-M), Subp art F and in 
Annex II (Part-145)  
Appendix V — Maintenance Organisation Certificate referred to i n Annex I 
(Part-M) Subpart F – EASA Form 3 MF  
Appendix VI — Continuing airworthiness management organisation certificate 
referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart G – EASA Form 14-MG  
Appendix VII — Complex Maintenance Tasks  
Appendix VIII — Limited Pilot owner Maintenance  
▼B 
M.1 
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be:  
1. for the oversight of the continuing airworthiness of individ ual aircraft and the 
issue of airworthiness review certificates the authority design ated by the 
Member State of registry;  
2. for the oversight of a maintenance organisation as specified  in Section A, 
Subpart F of this Annex (Part-M):  
(i) the authority designated by the Member State where that org anisation's 
principle place of business is located;  
(ii) the Agency if the organisation is located in a third count ry; 
▼M6 
▼C1 
3. for the approval of aircraft maintenance programmes (‘AMP’),  one of the 
following:  
(i) the authority designated by the Member State of registry of  the aircraft;  
(ii) if prior to the approval of the aircraft maintenance progr amme the 
Member State of registry agrees, one of the following:  
(a) the authority designated by the Member State where the oper ator has 
its principal place of business or, in case the operator has no  principal 
place of business, the authority designated by the Member State  
where the operator has its place of establishment or where the 
operator resides;  
▼M8 
(b) the authority responsible for the oversight of the organisa tion 
managing the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft or with w hich 
the owner has concluded a limited contract in accordance with 
point (i)(3) of point M.A.201.  
4. for the oversight of a continuing airworthiness management o rganisation as 
specified in Section A, Subpart G of this Annex (Part-M):  
(i) the authority designated by the Member State where that org anisation's 
principle place of business is located if the approval is not i ncluded in an 
air operator's certificate;  
(ii) the authority designated by the Member State of the operat or if the 
approval is included in an air operator's certificate;  
(iii) the Agency if the organisation is located in a third coun try. 
▼M6 
▼C1 __________  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 17  
SECTION A  
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.101  Scope  
This Section establishes the measures to be taken to ensure tha t the 
airworthiness of aircraft is maintained, including its maintena nce. It 
also specifies the conditions to be met by the persons or organ isations 
involved in such activities.  
▼B 
SUBPART B  
ACCOUNTABILITY  
M.A.201  Responsibilities  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) The owner of the aircraft shall be responsible for the cont inuing 
airworthiness of aircraft and shall ensure that no flight takes  place 
unless all of the following requirements are met:  
(1) the aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition;  
(2) any operational and emergency equipment fitted is correctly  
installed and serviceable or clearly identified as unserviceabl e; 
(3) the airworthiness certificate is valid;  
(4) the maintenance of the aircraft is performed in accordance 
with the AMP specified in point M.A.302.  
▼B 
(b) When the aircraft is leased, the responsibilities of the ow ner are 
transferred to the lessee if:  
1. the lessee is stipulated on the registration document; or  
2. detailed in the leasing contract.  
When reference is made in this Part to the ‘owner’, the term 
owner covers the owner or the lessee, as applicable.  
(c) Any person or organisation performing maintenance shall be 
responsible for the tasks performed.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(d) The pilot-in-command or, in the case of aircraft used by ai r 
carriers licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, the operator, shall be responsible for the satis­
factory accomplishment of the pre-flight inspection. That 
inspection shall be carried out by the pilot or another qualifi ed 
person and shall not need to be carried out by an approved main ­
tenance organisation or by certifying staff.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 18  
(e) In the case of aircraft used by air carriers licensed in ac cordance 
with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008 (  1 ) the operator shall be 
responsible for the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft it  
operates and shall:  
(1) ensure that no flight takes place unless the conditions set  out 
in point (a) are met;  
(2) take the necessary steps to ensure its approval as a contin uing 
airworthiness management organisation (‘CAMO’) pursuant 
to Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this 
Annex (Part-M), as part of air operator certificate for the 
aircraft it operates;  
(3) take the necessary steps to ensure its approval in accordan ce 
with Annex II (Part-145) or conclude a written contract in 
accordance with point CAMO.A.315(c) of Annex Vc (Part- 
CAMO) or point M.A.708(c) of this Annex (Part-M) with an 
organisation which has been approved in accordance with 
Annex II (Part-145).  
(f) For complex motor-powered aircraft used for commercial 
specialised operations, for CAT operations other than those 
performed by air carriers licensed in accordance with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008 or by commercial Approved 
Training Organisations (‘ATO’) and Declared Training Organis­
ations (‘DTO’) referred to in Article 10a of Regulation (EU) 
No 1178/2011 (  2 ), the operator shall ensure that:  
(1) no flight takes place unless the conditions set out in poin t (a) 
are met;  
(2) the tasks associated with continuing airworthiness are 
performed by a CAMO approved in accordance with 
Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this Annex (Part- 
M); when the operator is not a CAMO approved in 
accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of 
this Annex (Part-M), it shall conclude a written contract as 
regards the performance of those tasks in accordance with 
Appendix I to this Annex with an organisation approved in 
accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this 
Annex (Part-M);  
(3) the CAMO referred to in point (2) is approved in accordance  
with Annex II (Part-145) as an organisation to qualify for the 
issue of an approval for the maintenance of aircraft and of 
components for installation thereon, or that CAMO has 
concluded a written contract in accordance with 
point CAMO.A.315(c) of Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or 
point M.A.708(c) of this Annex (Part-M) with organisations 
approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145).  
(g) For complex motor-powered aircraft not included in points ( e) and 
(f), the owner shall ensure that:  
(1) no flight takes place unless the conditions set out in poin t (a) 
are met;  ▼M8 
( 1 ) Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008 of the European Parliament and o f the Council of 
24 September 2008 on common rules for the operation of air serv ices in the 
Community (OJ L 293, 31.10.2008, p. 3). 
( 2 ) Commission Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 of 3 November 2011 la ying down technical 
requirements and administrative procedures related to civil avi ation aircrew pursuant to 
Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of t he Council (OJ L 311, 
25.11.2011, p. 1).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 19  
(2) the tasks associated with continuing airworthiness are 
performed by a CAMO approved in accordance with 
Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this Annex (Part- 
M); when the owner is not a CAMO approved in accordance 
with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this 
Annex (Part-M), it shall conclude a written contract as 
regards the performance of those tasks in accordance with 
Appendix I to this Annex with an organisation approved in 
accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this 
Annex (Part-M);  
(3) the CAMO referred to in point (2) is approved in accordance  
with Annex II (Part-145) as an organisation to qualify for the 
issue of an approval for the maintenance of aircraft and of 
components for installation thereon, or that CAMO has 
concluded a written contract in accordance with 
point CAMO.A.315(c) of Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or 
point M.A.708(c) of this Annex (Part-M) with organisations 
approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145).  
(h) For aircraft other than complex motor-powered aircraft used  for 
commercial specialised operations or for CAT operations other 
than those performed by air carriers licensed in accordance wit h 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, or by commercial ATOs and 
commercial DTOs referred to in Article 10a of Regulation (EU) 
No 1178/2011, the operator shall ensure that:  
(1) no flight takes place unless the conditions set out in poin t (a) 
are met;  
(2) the tasks associated with continuing airworthiness are 
performed by a CAMO approved in accordance with 
Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this Annex (Part- 
M), or a combined airworthiness organisation (‘CAO’) 
approved in accordance with Annex Vd (Part-CAO); when 
the operator is not a CAMO approved in accordance with 
Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this Annex (Part- 
M), or a CAO approved in accordance with Annex Vd (Part- 
CAO), it shall conclude a written contract in accordance with 
Appendix I to this Annex with a CAMO approved in 
accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of 
this Annex (Part-M), or a CAO approved in accordance 
with Annex Vd (Part-CAO);  
▼M11  
(3) the CAMO or CAO referred to in point (2) is approved in 
accordance with Annex II (Part-145) or in accordance with 
Subpart F of this Annex (Part-M) or as a CAO with main­
tenance privileges, or that CAMO or CAO has concluded a 
written contract with organisations approved in accordance 
with Annex II (Part-145) or in accordance with Subpart F 
of this Annex (Part-M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO) with main­
tenance privileges.  
▼M8 
(i) For aircraft other than complex motor-powered aircraft not 
included in points (e) and (h), or used for limited operations,  
the owner shall ensure that flight takes place only if the 
conditions set out in point (a) are met. To that end, the owner  
shall:  
(1) attribute the continuing airworthiness tasks referred to in  
point M.A.301 to a CAMO or CAO through a written 
contract concluded in accordance with Appendix I; or  
(2) carry out those tasks himself; or  ▼M8
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 20  
(3) carry out those tasks himself except the tasks of the devel op­
ment of and the processing of the approval of the AMP, only 
if those tasks are performed by a CAMO or CAO through a 
limited contract concluded in accordance with point M.A.302.  
▼M2 
(j) The owner/operator shall ensure that any person authorised by the 
competent authority is granted access to any of its facilities,  
aircraft or documents related to its activities, including any 
subcontracted activities, to determine compliance with this Par t. 
▼M8 
(k) Where an aircraft included in an air operator certificate i s used for 
non-commercial operations or specialised operations under 
point ORO.GEN.310 of Annex III or point NCO.GEN.104 of 
Annex VII to Regulation (EU) No 965/2012, the operator shall 
ensure that the tasks associated with continuing airworthiness are 
performed by the CAMO approved in accordance with Annex Vc 
(Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of this Annex (Part-M) or the 
combined airworthiness organisation (‘CAO’) approved in 
accordance with Annex Vd (Part-CAO), whichever applicable, 
of the air operator certificate holder.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.202  Occurrence reporting  
(a) Without prejudice to the reporting requirements set out in Annex II 
(Part-145) and Annex Vc (Part-CAMO), any person or organis­
ation responsible in accordance with point M.A.201 shall report  
any identified condition of an aircraft or component which 
endangers flight safety to:  
(1) the competent authority designated by the Member State of 
registry of the aircraft, and, when different to the Member 
State of registry, to the competent authority designated by 
the Member State of the operator;  
(2) to the organisation responsible for the type design or supp le­
mental type design.  
(b) The reports referred to in point (a) shall be made in a man ner 
determined by the competent authority referred to in point (a) 
and shall contain all pertinent information about the condition  
known to the person or organisation making the report.  
(c) Where the maintenance or the airworthiness review of the ai rcraft 
is carried out on the basis of a written contract, the person o r the 
organisation responsible for those activities shall also report  any 
condition referred to in point (a) to the owner and the operato r of 
the aircraft and, when different, to the CAMO or CAO concerned.  
(d) The person or organisation shall submit the reports referre d to in 
points (a) and (c) as soon as possible, but no later than 72 ho urs 
from the moment when the person or organisation identified the 
condition to which the report relates, unless exceptional circu m­
stances prevent this.  
(e) The person or organisation shall submit a follow-up report,  
providing details of actions which that person or organisation 
intends to take to prevent similar occurrences in the future, a s 
soon as those actions have been identified. The follow-up repor t 
shall be submitted in a form and manner established by the 
competent authority.  ▼M8
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 21  
SUBPART C  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.301  Continuing airworthiness tasks  
The aircraft continuing airworthiness and the serviceability of  opera­
tional and emergency equipment shall be ensured by:  
(a) the accomplishment of pre-flight inspections;  
(b) the rectification of any defect and damage affecting safe o peration 
in accordance with data specified in points M.A.304 and M.A.401 , 
as applicable, while taking into account the minimum equipment 
list (‘MEL’) and configuration deviation list, when they exist;  
(c) the accomplishment of all maintenance in accordance with th e 
AMP referred to in point M.A.302;  
(d) the release of all maintenance in accordance with Subpart H ; 
(e) for all complex motor-powered aircraft or aircraft used by air 
carriers licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, the analysis of the effectiveness of the approved  
AMP referred to in point M.A.302;  
(f) the accomplishment of any applicable:  
(1) airworthiness directive (AD);  
(2) operational directive with a continuing airworthiness impac t; 
(3) continuing airworthiness requirement established by the 
Agency;  
(4) measures required by the competent authority in immediate 
reaction to a safety problem;  
(g) the accomplishment of modifications and repairs in accordan ce 
with point M.A.304;  
(h) delivering to the pilot-in-command, or to the operator in t he case 
of air carriers licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, the mass and balance statement reflecting the 
current configuration of the aircraft;  
(i) maintenance check flights, when necessary.  
M.A.302  Aircraft maintenance programme  
(a) Maintenance of each aircraft shall be organised in accordan ce with 
an AMP.  
(b) The AMP and any subsequent amendments thereto shall be 
approved by the competent authority.  
(c) ►M8 When the continuing airworthiness of aircraft is managed 
by a CAMO or CAO, or when there is a limited contract between 
the owner and a CAMO or CAO concluded in accordance with 
point M.A.201(i)(3), the AMP and its amendments may be 
approved through an indirect approval procedure.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 22  
In that case, the indirect approval procedure shall be establis hed by 
the CAMO or CAO concerned as part of the continuing 
airworthiness management exposition (‘CAME’) referred to in 
point CAMO.A.300 of Annex Vc or point M.A.704 of this 
Annex, or as part of the combined airworthiness exposition 
(‘CAE’) referred to in point CAO.A.025 of Annex Vd and shall 
be approved by the competent authority responsible for that 
CAMO or CAO. ◄  
The indirect approval procedure shall only be used when the 
CAMO or CAO concerned is under the oversight of the Member 
State of registry of aircraft, unless a written contract has be en 
concluded in accordance with point 3 of point M.1 transferring 
responsibility for the approval of the aircraft maintenance 
programme to the competent authority responsible for the 
CAMO or CAO.  
(d) The AMP shall demonstrate compliance with:  
(1) the instructions issued by the competent authority;  
(2) the instructions for continuing airworthiness:  
(i) issued by the holders of the type certificate, restricted t ype 
certificate, supplemental type certificate, major repair 
design approval, ETSO authorisation or any other 
relevant approval issued under Annex I (Part-21) to Regu­
lation (EU) No 748/2012;  
(ii) included in the certification specifications referred to i n 
point 21.A.90B or 21.A.431B of Annex I (Part-21) to 
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, if applicable;  
▼M9 
(3) the applicable provisions of Annex I (Part-26) to Regulatio n 
(EU) 2015/640.  
▼C1 
(e) By derogation to point (d), the owner or the organisation m anaging 
the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft may deviate from t he 
instruction referred to in point (d)(2) and propose escalated 
intervals in the AMP, based on data obtained from sufficient 
reviews carried out in accordance with point (h). Indirect 
approval is not permitted for the escalation of safety-related 
tasks. The owner or the organisation managing the continuing 
airworthiness of the aircraft may also propose additional 
instructions in the AMP.  
(f) The AMP shall contain details of all maintenance to be carr ied out, 
including frequency and any specific tasks linked to the type a nd 
specificity of operations.  
(g) For complex motor-powered aircraft, when the AMP is based o n 
maintenance steering group logic or on condition monitoring, th e 
AMP shall include a reliability programme.  
(h) The AMP shall be subject to periodic reviews and be amended  
accordingly when necessary. Those reviews shall ensure that the  
AMP continues to be up to date and valid in light of the operat ing 
experience and instructions from the competent authority, while  
taking into account new or modified maintenance instructions 
issued by the type certificate and supplemental type certificat e 
holders and any other organisation that publishes such data in 
accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 23  
M.A.303  Airworthiness directives  
Any applicable airworthiness directive must be carried out with in the 
requirements of that airworthiness directive, unless otherwise specified 
by the Agency.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.304  Data for modifications and repairs  
A person or organisation repairing an aircraft or a component, shall 
assess any damage. Modifications and repairs shall be carried o ut 
using, as appropriate, the following data:  
(a) approved by the Agency;  
(b) approved by a design organisation complying with Annex I (P art- 
21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012;  
(c) contained in the requirements referred to in point 21.A.90B  or 
21.A.431B of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
M.A.305  Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system  
(a) At the completion of any maintenance, aircraft certificate of release 
to service (‘CRS’) required by point M.A.801 or point 145.A.50,  
as applicable, shall be entered in the aircraft continuing 
airworthiness record system, as soon as practicable and no late r 
than 30 days after the completion of any maintenance.  
(b) The aircraft continuing airworthiness record system shall c ontain 
the following:  
1. the date of the entry, the total in-service life accumulated  in the 
applicable parameter for aircraft, engine(s) and/or propeller(s ); 
2. the aircraft continuing airworthiness records described in p oints 
(c) and (d) below together with the supporting detailed main­
tenance records described in point (e) below;  
3. if required by point M.A.306, the aircraft technical log.  
(c) The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall include  the 
current mass and balance report and the current status of:  
1. ADs and measures mandated by the competent authority in 
immediate reaction to a safety problem;  
2. modifications and repairs;  
3. compliance with the AMP;  
4. deferred maintenance tasks and deferred defects rectificatio n. ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 24  
(d) The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall include  the 
current status specific to components of:  
1. life-limited parts, including the life accumulated by each 
affected part in relation to the applicable airworthiness limi­
tation parameter; and  
2. time-controlled components, including the life accumulated b y 
the affected components in the applicable parameter, since the 
last accomplishment of scheduled maintenance, as specified in 
the AMP.  
(e) The owner or operator shall establish a system to keep the 
following documents and data in a form acceptable to the 
competent authority and for the periods specified below:  
1. aircraft technical log system: the technical log or other da ta 
equivalent in scope and detail, covering the 36 months period 
prior to the last entry,  
2. the CRS and detailed maintenance records:  
(i) demonstrating compliance with ADs and measures 
mandated by the competent authority in immediate 
reaction to a safety problem applicable to the aircraft, 
engine(s), propeller(s) and components fitted thereto, as 
appropriate, until such time as the information contained 
therein is superseded by new information equivalent in 
scope and detail but covering a period not shorter than 
36 months;  
(ii) demonstrating compliance with the applicable data in 
accordance with point M.A.304 for current modifications 
and repairs to the aircraft, engine(s), propeller(s) and any 
component subject to airworthiness limitations; and  
(iii) of all scheduled maintenance or other maintenance require d 
for continuing airworthiness of aircraft, engine(s), 
propeller(s), as appropriate, until such time as the 
information contained therein is superseded by new 
information equivalent in scope and detail but covering a 
period not shorter than 36 months.  
3. data specific to certain components:  
(i) an in-service history record for each life-limited part bas ed 
on which the current status of compliance with 
airworthiness limitations is determined;  
(ii) the CRS and detailed maintenance records for the last 
accomplishment of any scheduled maintenance and any 
subsequent unscheduled maintenance of all life-limited 
parts and time-controlled components until the scheduled 
maintenance has been superseded by another scheduled 
maintenance of equivalent scope and detail but covering 
a period not shorter than 36 months;  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 25  
(iii) the CRS and owner's acceptance statement for any 
component that is fitted to an ELA2 aircraft without an 
EASA Form 1 in accordance with point (c) of 
point 21.A.307 of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012 but covering a period not shorter than 
36 months.  
4. Record-keeping periods when the aircraft is permanently 
withdrawn from service:  
(i) the data required by point (b)(1) of point M.A.305 in 
respect of aircraft, engine(s), and propeller(s) which shall 
be retained for at least 12 months;  
(ii) the last effective status and reports as identified under 
points (c) and (d) of point M.A.305 which shall be 
retained for at least 12 months; and  
(iii) the most recent CRS(s) and detailed maintenance records 
as identified under points (e)(2)(ii) and (e)(3)(i) of 
point M.A.305 which shall be retained for at least 
12 months.  
(f) The person or organisation responsible for the management o f 
continuing airworthiness tasks pursuant to point M.A.201 shall 
comply with the requirements regarding the aircraft continuing 
airworthiness record system and present the records to the 
competent authority upon request.  
(g) All entries made in the aircraft continuing airworthiness r ecord 
system shall be clear and accurate. When it is necessary to 
correct an entry, the correction shall be made in a manner that  
clearly shows the original entry.  
▼M2 
M.A.306  Aircraft technical log system  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) In addition to the requirements of point M.A.305, for CAT, 
commercial specialised operations and commercial ATO or 
commercial DTO operations, the operator shall use a technical 
log system containing the following information for each aircra ft: 
▼M2 
1. information about each flight, necessary to ensure continued  
flight safety, and;  
2. the current aircraft certificate of release to service, and;  
3. the current maintenance statement giving the aircraft main­
tenance status of what scheduled and out of phase maintenance 
is next due except that the competent authority may agree to th e 
maintenance statement being kept elsewhere, and;  
4. all outstanding deferred defects rectifications that affect the 
operation of the aircraft, and;  
5. any necessary guidance instructions on maintenance support 
arrangements.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 26  
(b) The initial issue of aircraft technical log system shall be  approved 
by the competent authority specified in point CAMO.A.105 of 
Annex Vc (Part-CAMO), or point M.1 of this Annex (Part-M) 
or point CAO.1(1) of Annex Vd (Part-CAO), as applicable. Any 
subsequent amendment to that system shall be managed in 
accordance with point CAMO.A.300(c), or points M.A.704(b) 
and (c), or point CAO.A.025(c).  
▼M6 
▼C1 __________  
▼B 
M.A.307  Transfer of aircraft continuing airworthiness records  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) When an aircraft is permanently transferred from one owner or 
operator to another, the transferring owner or operator shall 
ensure that the continuing airworthiness records referred to in  
point M.A.305 and, if applicable the technical log system 
referred to in point M.A.306, are also transferred.  
(b) When the owner contracts the continuing airworthiness 
management tasks to a CAMO or CAO, the owner shall ensure 
that the continuing airworthiness records referred to in 
point M.A.305 are transferred to that contracted organisation.  
(c) The time periods for the retention of records set out in po int (e) of 
point M.A.305 shall continue to apply to the new owner, operato r, 
CAMO or CAO.  
▼B 
SUBPART D  
MAINTENANCE STANDARDS  
M.A.401  Maintenance data  
(a) The person or organisation maintaining an aircraft shall ha ve 
access to and use only applicable current maintenance data in 
the performance of maintenance including modifications and 
repairs.  
(b) For the purposes of this Part, applicable maintenance data is: 
1. any applicable requirement, procedure, standard or informati on 
issued by the competent authority or the Agency,  
2. any applicable airworthiness directive,  
3. applicable instructions for continuing airworthiness, issued  by 
type certificate holders, supplementary type certificate holder s 
and any other organisation that publishes such data in 
accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012.  
4. any applicable data issued in accordance with point 145.A.45 (d). 
(c) The person or organisation maintaining an aircraft shall en sure that 
all applicable maintenance data is current and readily availabl e for 
use when required. The person or organisation shall establish a  
work card or worksheet system to be used and shall either tran­
scribe accurately the maintenance data onto such work cards or 
worksheets or make precise reference to the particular maintena nce 
task or tasks contained in such maintenance data.  ▼M8
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 27  
M.A.402  Performance of maintenance  
Except for maintenance performed by a maintenance organisation 
approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145), any person or organ­
isation performing maintenance shall:  
(a) be qualified for the tasks performed, as required by this p art; 
(b) ensure that the area in which maintenance is carried out is  well 
organised and clean in respect of dirt and contamination;  
(c) use the methods, techniques, standards and instructions spe cified 
in the M.A.401 maintenance data;  
(d) use the tools, equipment and material specified in the M.A. 401 
maintenance data. If necessary, tools and equipment shall be 
controlled and calibrated to an officially recognised standard;  
(e) ensure that maintenance is performed within any environment al 
limitations specified in the M.A.401 maintenance data;  
(f) ensure that proper facilities are used in case of inclement  weather 
or lengthy maintenance;  
(g) ensure that the risk of multiple errors during maintenance and the 
risk of errors being repeated in identical maintenance tasks ar e 
minimised;  
(h) ensure that an error capturing method is implemented after the 
performance of any critical maintenance task; and  
(i) carry out a general verification after completion of mainte nance to 
ensure the aircraft or component is clear of all tools, equipme nt 
and any extraneous parts or material, and that all access panel s 
removed have been refitted.  
▼B 
M.A.403  Aircraft defects  
(a) Any aircraft defect that hazards seriously the flight safet y shall be 
rectified before further flight.  
▼M12  
(b) Only the certifying staff referred to in point M.A.801(b)(1 ) or in 
Subpart F of this Annex or in Annex II (Part-145) or in Annex V d 
(Part-CAO), or the person authorised in accordance with 
point M.A.801(c) of this Annex can decide, using maintenance 
data referred to in point M.A.401 of this Annex, whether an 
aircraft defect hazards seriously the flight safety and therefo re 
decide when and which rectification action shall be taken befor e 
further flight and which defect rectification can be deferred. 
However, this does not apply when the MEL is used by the 
pilot or by the certifying staff.  
▼M2 
(c) Any aircraft defect that would not hazard seriously the fli ght safety 
shall be rectified as soon as practicable, after the date the a ircraft 
defect was first identified and within any limits specified in the 
maintenance data or the MEL.  ▼M2
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 28  
▼C1 
(d) Any defect not rectified before flight shall be recorded in  the 
aircraft continuing airworthiness record system referred to in 
point M.A.305 or, if applicable in the aircraft technical log 
system referred to in point M.A.306.  
▼B 
SUBPART E  
COMPONENTS  
▼M5 
M.A.501  Classification and installation  
(a) All components shall be classified into the following categ ories:  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(1) Components which are in a satisfactory condition, released on 
an EASA Form 1 or equivalent and marked in accordance with 
Subpart Q of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012, unless otherwise specified in Annex I (Part- 
21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 or in this Annex (Part- 
M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO).  
▼M5 
(2) Unserviceable components which shall be maintained in 
accordance with this Regulation.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(3) Components categorised as unsalvageable because they have 
reached their mandatory life limitation or contain a non- 
repairable defect.  
▼M5 
(4) Standard parts used on an aircraft, engine, propeller or ot her 
aircraft component when specified in the maintenance data and 
accompanied by evidence of conformity traceable to the 
applicable standard.  
(5) Material both raw and consumable used in the course of main ­
tenance when the organisation is satisfied that the material 
meets the required specification and has appropriate tracea­
bility. All materials must be accompanied by documentation 
clearly relating to the particular material and containing a 
conformity to specification statement plus both the manufac­
turing and supplier source.  
(b) Components, standard parts and material shall only be insta lled on 
an aircraft or a component when they are in a satisfactory 
condition, belong to one of the categories listed in point (a) and 
the applicable maintenance data specifies the particular compon ent, 
standard part or material.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.502  Component maintenance  
(a) The maintenance of components shall be performed by main­
tenance organisations approved in accordance with Subpart F of 
this Annex or with Annex II (Part-145) or with Annex Vd (Part- 
CAO), as applicable.  ▼M6
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 29  
(b) ►M8 By derogation from point (a), where a component is fitted 
to the aircraft, the maintenance of such component may be 
performed by an aircraft maintenance organisation approved in 
accordance with Subpart F of this Annex or with Annex II (Part-  
145) or with Annex Vd (Part-CAO) or by certifying staff referre d 
to in point M.A.801(b)(1). ◄ Such maintenance shall be 
performed in accordance with aircraft maintenance data or in 
accordance with component maintenance data if the competent 
authority agreed. Such aircraft maintenance organisation or 
certifying staff may temporarily remove the component for main­
tenance if this is necessary to improve access to the component , 
except where additional maintenance is required due to the 
removal. Component maintenance performed in accordance with 
this point shall not be eligible for the issuance of an EASA 
Form 1 and shall be subject to the aircraft release requirement s 
provided for in point M.A.801.  
(c) By derogation from point (a), where a component is fitted t o the 
engine or auxiliary power unit (‘APU’), the maintenance of such  
component may be performed by an engine maintenance organis­
ation approved in accordance with Subpart F of this Annex, or 
with Annex II (Part-145) or with Annex Vd (Part-CAO). Such 
maintenance shall be performed in accordance with engine or 
APU maintenance data or in accordance with component main­
tenance data if agreed by the competent authority.  ►M12  Such 
engine maintenance organisation may temporarily remove the 
component for maintenance if this is necessary to improve 
access to the component, except where additional maintenance is  
required due to the removal. ◄  
Points (a) to (c) above shall not apply to components referred to in 
point (c) of point 21.A.307 of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012.  
(d) ►M8 Maintenance of components referred to in point (c) of 
point 21.A.307 of Annex I (Part 21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012, where the component is fitted to the aircraft or i s 
temporarily removed to improve access, shall be performed by an  
aircraft maintenance organisation approved in accordance with 
Subpart F of this Annex or with Annex II (Part-145) or with 
Annex Vd (Part-CAO), as applicable, by certifying staff referre d 
to in point M.A.801(b)(1) or by the pilot-owner referred to in 
point M.A.801(b)(2). ◄ Component maintenance performed in 
accordance with this point shall not be eligible for the issuan ce 
of an EASA Form 1 and shall be subject to the aircraft release 
requirements provided for in point M.A.801.  
M.A.503  Life-limited parts and time-controlled components  
▼M8 
(a) Installed life-limited parts and time-controlled components  shall 
not exceed the approved limitation as specified in the AMP and 
ADs, except as provided for in point M.A.504(b).  
▼C1 
(b) When the approved limitation expires, the component shall b e 
removed from the aircraft for maintenance, or for disposal in t he 
case of life-limited parts.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 30  
M.A.504  Segregation of components  
(a) Unserviceable and unsalvageable components shall be segrega ted 
from serviceable components, standards parts and materials.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(b) Unsalvageable components shall not be permitted to re-enter  the 
component supply system unless the mandatory life limitation ha s 
been extended or a repair solution has been approved in 
accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
▼B 
SUBPART F  
MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION  
▼M2 
M.A.601  Scope  
This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met by an organ isation 
to qualify for the issue or continuation of an approval for the  main­
tenance of aircraft other than complex motor powered aircraft a nd 
components to be installed therein not used by licenced air car riers 
in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008.  
▼B 
M.A.602  Application  
An application for issue or change of a maintenance organisatio n 
approval shall be made on a form and in a manner established by  
the competent authority.  
M.A.603  Extent of approval  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) An organisation involved in activities subject to this Subp art shall 
not exercise its activities unless approved by the competent 
authority. To that aim, the competent authority shall use the 
template set out in Appendix V.  
(b) The scope of work subject to approval shall be specified in  the 
maintenance organisation manual in accordance with 
point M.A.604. Classes and ratings to be used for the approval 
of maintenance organisations are set out in Appendix IV of this  
Part. 
▼B 
(c) An approved maintenance organisation may fabricate, in 
conformity with maintenance data, a restricted range of parts f or 
the use in the course of undergoing work within its own facilit ies, 
as identified in the maintenance organisation manual.  
M.A.604  Maintenance organisation manual  
(a) The maintenance organisation shall provide a manual contain ing at 
least the following information:  
▼M6 
▼C1 
1. a statement signed by the accountable manager appointed in 
accordance with point M.A.606, point (a) which confirms that 
the organisation will at all times carry out its activities in 
accordance with the requirements of this Annex (Part-M) or 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, and with the manual;  ▼M5
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 31  
2. the organisation's scope of work, and;  
3. the title(s) and name(s) of person(s) referred to in 
point M.A.606(b), and;  
4. an organisation chart showing associated chains of responsi­
bility between the person(s) referred to in point M.A.606(b), 
and; 
▼M8 
5. a list of certifying staff and, if applicable, airworthiness  review 
staff, with their scope of approval, and;  
▼M1 
6. a list of locations where maintenance is carried out, togeth er 
with a general description of the facilities, and;  
▼B 
7. procedures specifying how the maintenance organisation 
ensures compliance with this Part, and;  
8. the maintenance organisation manual amendment procedure(s).  
(b) The maintenance organisation manual and its amendments shal l be 
approved by the competent authority.  
(c) Notwithstanding point (b) minor amendments to the manual ma y 
be approved through a procedure (hereinafter called indirect 
approval).  
M.A.605  Facilities  
The organisation shall ensure that:  
(a) Facilities are provided for all planned work, specialised w orkshops 
and bays are segregated as appropriate, to ensure protection fr om 
contamination and the environment.  
(b) Office accommodation is provided for the management of all 
planned work including in particular, the completion of main­
tenance records.  
(c) Secure storage facilities are provided for components, equi pment, 
tools and material. Storage conditions shall ensure segregation  of 
unserviceable components and material from all other components , 
material, equipment and tools. Storage conditions shall be in 
accordance with the manufacturers' instructions and access shal l 
be restricted to authorised personnel.  
M.A.606  Personnel requirements  
(a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager, who has 
corporate authority for ensuring that all maintenance required by 
the customer can be financed and carried out to the standard 
required by this Part.  
(b) A person or group of persons shall be nominated with the re spon­
sibility of ensuring that the organisation is always in complia nce 
with this Subpart. Such person(s) shall be ultimately responsib le 
to the accountable manager.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 32  
(c) All point (b) persons shall be able to show relevant knowle dge, 
background and appropriate experience related to aircraft and/o r 
component maintenance.  
(d) The organisation shall have appropriate staff for the norma l 
expected contracted work. The use of temporarily 
sub-contracted staff is permitted in the case of higher than 
normally expected contracted work and only for personnel not 
issuing a certificate of release to service.  
▼M8 
(e) The qualification of all personnel involved in maintenance and 
airworthiness reviews shall be demonstrated and recorded.  
▼B 
(f) Personnel who carry out specialised tasks such as welding, 
non-destructive testing/inspection other than colour contrast s hall 
be qualified in accordance with an officially recognised standa rd. 
▼M5 
(g) The maintenance organisation shall have sufficient certifyi ng staff 
to issue certificates of release to service for aircraft and 
components provided for in points M.A.612 and M.A.613. The 
staff shall comply with the following requirements:  
1. Annex III (Part-66) in the case of aircraft;  
2. Article 5(6) of this Regulation in the case of components.  
▼B 
(h) By derogation from point (g), the organisation may use cert ifying 
staff qualified in accordance with the following provisions whe n 
providing maintenance support to operators involved in 
commercial operations, subject to appropriate procedures to be 
approved as part of the organisation's manual:  
1. For a repetitive pre-flight airworthiness directive which 
specifically states that the flight crew may carry out such 
airworthiness directive, the organisation may issue a limited 
certifying staff authorisation to the aircraft commander on 
the basis of the flight crew licence held, provided that the 
organisation ensures that sufficient practical training has bee n 
carried out to ensure that such person can accomplish the 
airworthiness directive to the required standard;  
2. In the case of aircraft operating away from a supported 
location the organisation may issue a limited certifying staff 
authorisation to the aircraft commander on the basis of the 
flight crew licence, provided that the organisation ensures 
that sufficient practical training has been carried out to 
ensure that such person can accomplish the task to the 
required standard.  
▼M8 
(i) If the organisation performs airworthiness reviews and issu es the 
corresponding airworthiness review certificate for ELA1 aircraf t 
not involved in commercial operations in accordance with 
point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), it shall have 
airworthiness review staff qualified and authorised meeting all  
of the following requirements:  
1. shall hold a certifying staff authorisation for the correspo nding 
aircraft;  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 33  
2. shall have at least three years of experience as certifying staff;  
3. shall be independent from the continuing airworthiness 
management process of the aircraft being reviewed or shall 
have overall authority on the continuing airworthiness 
management process of the complete aircraft being reviewed;  
4. shall have acquired knowledge of Subpart C of this 
Annex (Part-M) or Subpart C of Annex Vb (Part-ML);  
5. shall have acquired proven knowledge of the procedures of th e 
maintenance organisation relevant to the airworthiness review 
and issue of the airworthiness review certificate;  
6. shall have been formally accepted by the competent authority  
after having performed an airworthiness review under the 
supervision of the competent authority or under the supervision  
of the organisation's airworthiness review staff in accordance 
with a procedure approved by the competent authority;  
7. shall have performed at least one airworthiness review in th e 
last twelve-month period.  
▼M6 
▼C1 __________  
▼M1 
M.A.607  Certifying staff and airworthiness review staff  
▼B 
(a) In addition to point M.A.606(g), certifying staff can only exercise 
their privileges, if the organisation has ensured:  
▼M6 
▼C1 
1. that certifying staff can demonstrate that they meet the 
requirements of point (b) of point 66.A.20 of Annex III (Part- 
66) or, where that Annex so requires, the requirements of the 
law of the Member State;  
▼B 
2. that certifying staff have an adequate understanding of the 
relevant aircraft and/or aircraft component(s) to be maintained  
together with the associated organisation procedures.  
(b) In the following unforeseen cases, where an aircraft is gro unded at 
a location other than the main base where no appropriate certif ying 
staff is available, the maintenance organisation contracted to 
provide maintenance support may issue a one-off certification a uth­
orisation:  
1. to one of its employees holding type qualifications on aircr aft of 
similar technology, construction and systems; or  
2. to any person with not less than three years maintenance 
experience and holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance 
licence rated for the aircraft type requiring certification 
provided there is no organisation appropriately approved 
under this Part at that location and the contracted organisatio n 
obtains and holds on file evidence of the experience and the 
licence of that person.  ▼M8
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 34  
►M1 All such cases must be reported to the competent authority 
within seven days after issuing such certification authorisatio n. ◄ 
The approved maintenance organisation issuing the one-off certi fi­
cation authorisation shall ensure that any such maintenance tha t 
could affect flight safety is re-checked.  
▼M1 
(c) The approved maintenance organisation shall record all deta ils 
concerning certifying staff and airworthiness review staff and 
maintain a current list of all certifying staff and airworthine ss 
review staff together with their scope of approval as part of t he 
organisation's manual pursuant to point M.A.604(a)5.  
▼B 
M.A.608  Components, equipment and tools  
(a) The organisation shall:  
1. hold the equipment and tools specified in the maintenance da ta 
described in point M.A.609 or verified equivalents as listed in  
the maintenance organisation manual as necessary for day-to- 
day maintenance within the scope of the approval; and,  
2. demonstrate that it has access to all other equipment and to ols 
used only on an occasional basis.  
(b) Tools and equipment shall be controlled and calibrated to a n 
officially recognised standard. Records of such calibrations an d 
the standard used shall be kept by the organisation.  
▼M5 
(c) The organisation shall inspect, classify and appropriately segregate 
all incoming components, standard parts and materials.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.609  Maintenance data  
The approved maintenance organisation shall hold and use applic able 
current maintenance data specified in point M.A.401 of this Ann ex or 
in point ML.A.401 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, in the 
performance of maintenance, including modifications and 
repairs. However, in the case of customer-provided maintenance data, 
the organisation shall only hold and use such data when the mai n­
tenance work is in progress.  
▼B 
M.A.610  Maintenance work orders  
Before the commencement of maintenance a written work order sha ll 
be agreed between the organisation and the organisation request ing 
maintenance to clearly establish the maintenance to be carried out. 
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.611  Maintenance standards  
All maintenance shall be carried out in accordance with the 
requirements of Subpart D, Section A of this Annex or with the 
requirements of Subpart D, Section A of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
set out in Article 3 paragraph 1.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 35  
M.A.612  Aircraft certificate of release to service  
Upon completion of all required aircraft maintenance in accorda nce 
with this Subpart, an aircraft CRS shall be issued in accordanc e with 
point M.A.801 of this Annex or point ML.A.801 of Annex Vb (Part - 
ML), as set out in Article 3 paragraph 1.  
M.A.613  Component certificate of release to service  
(a) Upon completion of all required component maintenance in 
accordance with this Subpart, a component CRS shall be issued 
in accordance with point M.A.802 of this Annex or with 
point ML.A.802 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable. An 
EASA Form 1 shall be issued, except for those components main­
tained in accordance with points (b) or (d) of point M.A.502, f or 
components fabricated in accordance with point (c) of 
point M.A.603 of this Annex and for components in respect of 
which point ML.A.502 of Annex Vb (Part-ML) provides 
otherwise.  
(b) The component CRS document, EASA Form 1, may be generated 
from a computer system.  
▼M1 
M.A.614  Maintenance and airworthiness review records  
▼M8 
(a) The approved maintenance organisation shall record all deta ils of 
work carried out. Records necessary to prove all requirements h ave 
been met for the issue of the certificate of release to service  
including the subcontractor's release documents and for the iss ue 
of any airworthiness review certificate shall be retained.  
(b) The approved maintenance organisation shall provide a copy of 
each CRS to the aircraft owner or operator, together with a cop y 
of any detailed maintenance records associated with the work 
carried out and necessary to demonstrate compliance with 
point M.A.305 of this Annex (Part-M) or ML.A.305 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
▼M1 
(c) The approved maintenance organisation shall retain a copy o f all 
maintenance records and any associated maintenance data for thr ee 
years from the date the aircraft or aircraft component to which  the 
work relates was released from the approved maintenance organi­
sation.  ►M8 In addition, it shall retain a copy of all the records 
related to the issue of airworthiness review certificates for t hree 
years from the date of issue and shall provide a copy of them t o 
the owner of the aircraft. ◄  
1. The records under this point shall be stored in a manner tha t 
ensures protection from damage, alteration, and theft.  
2. All computer hardware used to ensure backup shall be stored in 
a different location from that containing the working data in a n 
environment that ensures they remain in good condition.  
3. Where an approved maintenance organisation terminates its 
operation, all retained maintenance records covering the last 
three years shall be distributed to the last owner or customer 
of the respective aircraft or component or shall be stored as 
specified by the competent authority.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 36  
▼C1 
M.A.615  Privileges of the organisation  
The maintenance organisation approved in accordance with Subpar t F, 
Section A of this Annex may:  
(a) maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is appr oved at 
the locations specified in the approval certificate and the mai n­
tenance organisation manual;  
(b) arrange for the performance of specialised services under t he 
control of the maintenance organisation at another organisation  
appropriately qualified, as described in the maintenance organi s­
ation manual;  
(c) maintain any aircraft or component for which it is approved  at any 
location, where the need of such maintenance arises either from  the 
unserviceability of the aircraft or from the necessity of suppo rting 
occasional maintenance and subject to compliance with the 
conditions specified in the maintenance organisation manual;  
(d) issue certificates of release to service, upon completion o f main­
tenance, in accordance with point M.A.612 or M.A.613 of this 
Annex;  
(e) if specifically approved to do so for ELA1 aircraft not inv olved in 
commercial operations, perform airworthiness reviews and issue 
the corresponding airworthiness review certificate in accordanc e 
with the conditions specified in point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb 
(Part-ML).  
The organisation shall only maintain an aircraft or component f or 
which it is approved when all the necessary facilities, equipme nt, 
tooling, material, maintenance data and certifying staff are av ailable.  
▼B 
M.A.616  Organisational review  
To ensure that the approved maintenance organisation continues to 
meet the requirements of this Subpart, it shall organise, on a regular 
basis, organisational reviews.  
M.A.617  Changes to the approved maintenance organisation  
In order to enable the competent authority to determine continu ed 
compliance with this Part, the approved maintenance organisatio n 
shall notify it of any proposal to carry out any of the followi ng 
changes, before such changes take place:  
1. the name of the organisation;  
2. the location of the organisation;  
3. additional locations of the organisation;  
4. the accountable manager;  
5. any of the persons specified in point M.A.606(b);  
▼M1 
6. the facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work  scope, 
certifying staff and airworthiness review staff that could affe ct the 
approval.  
▼B 
In the case of proposed changes in personnel not known to the 
management beforehand, these changes shall be notified at the 
earliest opportunity.  ▼M6
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 37  
M.A.618  Continued validity of approval  
▼M11  
(a) An approval shall remain valid until 24 March 2022, subject  to: 
▼B 
1. the organisation remaining in compliance with this Part, in 
accordance with the provisions related to the handling of 
findings as specified under point M.A.619, and;  
2. the competent authority being granted access to the organisa tion 
to determine continued compliance with this Part, and;  
3. the approval not being surrendered or revoked;  
(b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval certificate shal l be 
returned to the competent authority.  
M.A.619  Findings  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) A level 1 finding is any finding of significant non-complia nce with 
the requirements of this Annex and Annex Vb (Part-ML) which 
lowers the safety standard and seriously endangers flight safet y. 
(b) A level 2 finding is any finding of non-compliance with the  
requirements of this Annex and Annex Vb (Part-ML) which may 
lower the safety standard and may endanger flight safety.  
▼B 
(c) After receipt of notification of findings according to 
point M.B.605, the holder of the maintenance organisation 
approval shall define a corrective action plan and demonstrate 
corrective action to the satisfaction of the competent authorit y 
within a period agreed with this authority.  
SUBPART G  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION  
M.A.701  Scope  
This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met by an organ isation 
to qualify for the issue or continuation of an approval for the  
management of aircraft continuing airworthiness.  
M.A.702  Application  
An application for issue or change of a continuing airworthines s 
management organisation approval shall be made on a form and in  a  
manner established by the competent authority.  
M.A.703  Extent of approval  
(a) The approval is indicated on a certificate included in Appe ndix VI 
issued by the competent authority.  
▼M2 
(b) Notwithstanding point (a), for licenced air carriers in acc ordance 
with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the approval shall be part o f 
the air operator certificate issued by the competent authority,  for 
the aircraft operated.  
▼B 
(c) The scope of work deemed to constitute the approval shall b e 
specified in the continuing airworthiness management exposition  
in accordance with point M.A.704.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 38  
M.A.704  Continuing airworthiness management exposition  
(a) The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall 
provide a continuing airworthiness management exposition 
containing the following information:  
▼M8 
1. a statement signed by the accountable manager confirming tha t 
the organisation will at all times work in accordance with this  
Annex (Part-M) and Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable;  
▼B 
2. the organisation's scope of work, and;  
3. the title(s) and name(s) of person(s) referred to in points 
M.A.706(a), M.A.706(c), M.A.706(d) and M.A.706(i), and;  
4. an organisation chart showing associated chains of responsi­
bility between all the person(s) referred to in points M.A.706( a), 
M.A.706(c), M.A.706(d) and M.A.706(i), and;  
5. a list of the airworthiness staff referred to in point M.A.7 07, 
specifying, where applicable, the staff authorised to issue 
permits to fly in accordance with point M.A.711(c), and;  
6. a general description and location of the facilities, and;  
▼M8 
7. the procedures specifying how the organisation ensures 
compliance with this Annex (Part-M) and Annex Vb (Part- 
ML), as applicable, and;  
▼B 
8. the continuing airworthiness management exposition 
amendment procedures, and;  
▼M2 
9. the list of approved aircraft maintenance programmes, or, fo r 
aircraft not used by licenced air carriers in accordance with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the list of ‘generic’ and 
‘baseline’ maintenance programmes.  
▼B 
(b) The continuing airworthiness management exposition and its 
amendments shall be approved by the competent authority.  
(c) Notwithstanding point (b), minor amendments to the expositi on 
may be approved indirectly through an indirect approval procedu re. 
The indirect approval procedure shall define the minor amendmen t 
eligible, be established by the continuing airworthiness 
management organisation as part of the exposition and be 
approved by the competent authority responsible for that 
continuing airworthiness management organisation.  
M.A.705  Facilities  
The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall prov ide 
suitable office accommodation at appropriate locations for the 
personnel specified in point M.A.706.  
M.A.706  Personnel requirements  
▼M8 
(a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager, who has 
corporate authority for ensuring that all continuing airworthin ess 
management activities can be financed and carried out in 
accordance with this Annex (Part-M) and Annex Vb (Part-ML), 
as applicable.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 39  
(b) For licenced air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC ) 
No 1008/2008 the accountable manager referred to in point (a) 
shall be the person who also has corporate authority for ensuri ng 
that all the operations of the operator can be financed and car ried 
out to the standard required for the issue of an air operator's  
certificate.  
▼M8 
(c) A person or group of persons shall be nominated with the re spon­
sibility of ensuring that the organisation always complies with  the 
applicable continuing airworthiness management, airworthiness 
review and permit to fly requirements of this Annex (Part-M) 
and Annex Vb (Part-ML). Such person(s) shall be ultimately 
responsible to the accountable manager.  
▼M2 
(d) For licenced air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC ) 
No 1008/2008, the accountable manager shall designate a 
nominated post holder. This person shall be responsible for the  
management and supervision of continuing airworthiness activiti es, 
pursuant to point (c).  
▼B 
(e) The nominated post holder referred to in point (d) shall no t be 
employed by a Part-145 approved organisation under contract to 
the operator, unless specifically agreed by the competent autho rity. 
(f) The organisation shall have sufficient appropriately qualif ied staff 
for the expected work.  
(g) All point (c) and (d) persons shall be able to show relevan t 
knowledge, background and appropriate experience related to 
aircraft continuing airworthiness.  
(h) The qualification of all personnel involved in continuing 
airworthiness management shall be recorded.  
▼M8 
(i) For organisations extending airworthiness review certificat es in 
accordance with points M.A.711(a)(4) and M.A.901 of this 
Annex (Part-M) or point ML.A.901(c) of Annex Vb (Part-ML) 
as applicable, the organisation shall nominate persons authoris ed 
to do so, subject to approval by the competent authority.  
▼B 
(j) The organisation shall define and keep updated in the conti nuing 
airworthiness management exposition the title(s) and name(s) of  
person(s) referred to in points M.A.706(a), M.A.706(c), 
M.A.706(d) and M.A.706(i).  
▼M2 
(k) For complex motor-powered aircraft and for aircraft used by  
licenced air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, the organisation shall establish and control the 
competence of personnel involved in the continuing airworthines s 
management, airworthiness review and/or quality audits in 
accordance with a procedure and to a standard agreed by the 
competent authority.  ▼M2
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 40  
M.A.707  Airworthiness review staff  
▼M8 
(a) To be approved to carry out airworthiness reviews and, if 
applicable, to issue permits to fly, an approved continuing 
airworthiness management organisation shall have appropriate 
airworthiness review staff to issue airworthiness review certif icates 
or recommendations referred to in Section A, Subpart I of Annex  I 
(Part-M) or in Section A, Subpart I of Annex Vb (Part-ML) and, if 
applicable, to issue a permit to fly in accordance with 
point M.A.711(c):  
▼M2 
1. For aircraft used by licenced air carriers in accordance wit h 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, and aircraft above 2 730 kg 
MTOM, except balloons, these staff shall have acquired:  
(a) at least 5 years' experience in continuing airworthiness, a nd; 
(b) an appropriate license in compliance with Annex III (Part- 
66) or an aeronautical degree or a national equivalent, and;  
(c) formal aeronautical maintenance training, and;  
(d) a position within the approved organisation with appropriat e 
responsibilities.  
(e) Notwithstanding points (a) to (d), the requirement laid dow n 
in point M.A.707(a)1(b) may be replaced by 5 years of 
experience in continuing airworthiness additional to those 
already required by point M.A.707(a)1(a).  
2. For aircraft not used by licenced air carriers in accordance  with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008 of 2 730 kg MTOM and below, 
and balloons, these staff shall have acquired:  
(a) at least 3 years' experience in continuing airworthiness, a nd; 
(b) an appropriate license in compliance with Annex III (Part- 
66) or an aeronautical degree or a national equivalent, and;  
(c) appropriate aeronautical maintenance training, and;  
(d) a position within the approved organisation with appropriat e 
responsibilities;  
(e) Notwithstanding points (a) to (d), the requirement laid dow n 
in point M.A.707(a)2(b) may be replaced by 4 years of 
experience in continuing airworthiness additional to those 
already required by point M.A.707(a)2(a).  
▼M1 
(b) Airworthiness review staff nominated by the approved contin uing 
airworthiness organisation can only be issued an authorisation by 
the approved continuing airworthiness organisation when formall y 
accepted by the competent authority after satisfactory completi on 
of an airworthiness review under the supervision of the compete nt 
authority or under the supervision of the organisation's 
airworthiness review staff in accordance with a procedure 
approved by the competent authority.  
▼B 
(c) The organisation shall ensure that aircraft airworthiness r eview 
staff can demonstrate appropriate recent continuing airworthine ss 
management experience.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 41  
(d) Airworthiness review staff shall be identified by listing e ach person 
in the continuing airworthiness management exposition together 
with their airworthiness review authorisation reference.  
(e) The organisation shall maintain a record of all airworthine ss review 
staff, which shall include details of any appropriate qualifica tion 
held together with a summary of relevant continuing airworthine ss 
management experience and training and a copy of the authoris­
ation. This record shall be retained until two years after the 
airworthiness review staff have left the organisation.  
M.A.708  Continuing airworthiness management  
▼M8 
(a) The organisation shall ensure that all continuing airworthi ness 
management is carried out in accordance with Section A, 
Subpart C of this Annex (Part-M), and Section A, Subpart C of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
▼B 
(b) For every aircraft managed, the approved continuing airwort hiness 
management organisation shall:  
▼M8 
1. ensure that an aircraft maintenance programme including any 
applicable reliability programme, as required by point M.A.302 
of this Annex (Part-M) or ML.A.302 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable, is developed and controlled,  
2. for aircraft not used by air carriers licensed in accordance  with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, provide a copy of the aircraft 
maintenance programme to the owner or operator responsible 
in accordance with point M.A.201 of this Annex (Part-M) or 
ML.A.201 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable,  
▼B 
3. manage the approval of modification and repairs,  
▼M8 
4. ensure that all maintenance is carried out in accordance wit h 
the approved maintenance programme and released in 
accordance with Section A, Subpart H of this Annex (Part- 
M) or Section A, Subpart H of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable,  
▼B 
5. ensure that all applicable airworthiness directives and oper a­
tional directives with a continuing airworthiness impact, are 
applied,  
6. ensure that all defects discovered during scheduled main­
tenance or reported are corrected by an appropriately 
approved maintenance organisation,  
7. ensure that the aircraft is taken to an appropriately approv ed 
maintenance organisation whenever necessary,  
8. coordinate scheduled maintenance, the application of 
airworthiness directives, the replacement of service life 
limited parts, and component inspection to ensure the work 
is carried out properly,  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 42  
9. manage and archive all continuing airworthiness records 
and/or operator's technical log.  
10. ensure that the mass and balance statement reflects the cur rent 
status of the aircraft.  
▼M8 
(c) In the case of complex motor-powered aircraft or aircraft u sed for 
CAT, or aircraft used for commercial specialised operations or 
commercial ATO or commercial DTO operations, when the 
CAMO is not appropriately approved in accordance with 
Annex II (Part-145) or Subpart F of this Annex (Part-M) or 
Annex Vd (Part-CAO), the organisation shall, in consultation 
with the operator, establish a written maintenance contract wit h 
an organisation approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145)  
or Subpart F of this Annex (Part-M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO) or 
with another operator, detailing the functions specified under 
points M.A.301(b), M.A.301(c), M.A.301(f) and M.A.301(g) of 
this Annex (Part-M), or points ML.A.301(b) to (e) of Annex Vb 
(Part-ML), ensuring that all maintenance is ultimately carried out 
by a maintenance organisation approved in accordance with 
Annex II (Part-145) or Subpart F of this Annex (Part-M) or 
Annex Vd (Part-CAO) and defining the support of the quality 
functions referred to in point M.A.712(b) of this Annex (Part-M ). 
(d) Notwithstanding point (c), the contract may be in the form of 
individual work orders addressed to the maintenance organisatio n 
approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145) or Subpart F of  
this Annex (Part-M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO) in the case of:  
1. an aircraft requiring unscheduled line maintenance;  
2. component maintenance, including engine maintenance.  
M.A.709  Documentation  
(a) The approved continuing airworthiness management organisati on 
shall hold and use applicable current maintenance data in 
accordance with point M.A.401 of this Annex (Part-M) or 
point ML.A.401 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, for the 
performance of continuing airworthiness tasks referred to in 
point M.A.708 of this Annex (Part-M). That data may be 
provided by the owner or the operator, subject to an appropriat e 
contract being established with such an owner or operator. In s uch 
case, the continuing airworthiness management organisation only  
needs to keep such data for the duration of the contract, excep t 
when required by point M.A.714 of this Annex (Part-M).  
(b) For aircraft not used by licenced air carriers in accordanc e with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the approved continuing 
airworthiness management organisation may develop ‘baseline’ or  
‘generic’ maintenance programmes, or both, in order to allow fo r 
the initial approval or the extension of the scope of an approv al, 
without having the contracts referred to in Appendix I to this 
Annex (Part M) or Appendix I to Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable. Those ‘baseline’ and ‘generic’ maintenance 
programmes however do not preclude the need to establish an 
adequate Aircraft Maintenance Programme in compliance with 
point M.A.302 of this Annex (Part-M) or ML.A.302 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, in due time before exercisin g 
the privileges referred to in point M.A.711 of this Annex (Part -M). ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 43  
M.A.710  Airworthiness review  
When the organisation approved in accordance with point M.A.711 (b) 
of this Annex (Part-M) performs airworthiness reviews, they sha ll be 
performed in accordance with point M.A.901 of this Annex (Part- M) or 
point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
▼B 
M.A.711  Privileges of the organisation  
(a) A continuing airworthiness management organisation approved  in 
accordance with Section A, Subpart G of this Annex (Part-M) 
may: 
▼M2 
1. manage the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, except thos e 
used by licenced air carriers in accordance with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, as listed on the approval 
certificate;  
2. manage the continuing airworthiness of aircraft used by 
licenced air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, when listed both on its approval certificate 
and on its Air Operator Certificate (AOC);  
▼B 
3. arrange to carry out limited continuing airworthiness tasks with 
any contracted organisation, working under its quality system, 
as listed on the approval certificate;  
▼M8 
4. extend, under the conditions set out in point M.A.901(f) of this 
Annex (Part-M) or ML.A.901(c) of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable, an airworthiness review certificate that has been 
issued by the competent authority or by another organisation 
or person, as applicable;  
5. approve the AMP, in accordance with point (b)(2) of 
point ML.A.302, for aircraft managed in accordance with 
Annex Vb (Part-ML).  
▼B 
(b) An approved continuing airworthiness management organisatio n 
registered in one of the Member States may, additionally, be 
approved to carry out airworthiness reviews referred to in 
point M.A.710 and:  
▼M8 
1. issue the related airworthiness review certificate and exten d it in 
due time under the conditions set out in points M.A.901(c)(2) o r 
M.A.901(e)(2) of this Annex (Part-M) or point ML.A.901(c) of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable; and,  
▼B 
2. issue a recommendation for the airworthiness review to the 
competent authority of the Member State of registry.  
(c) A continuing airworthiness management organisation whose 
approval includes the privileges referred to in point M.A.711(b ) 
may additionally be approved to issue a permit to fly in accord ance 
with point 21.A.711(d) of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012 for the particular aircraft for which the organisat ion 
is approved to issue the airworthiness review certificate, when  the 
continuing airworthiness management organisation is attesting 
conformity with approved flight conditions, subject to an 
adequate approved procedure in the exposition referred to in 
point M.A.704.  ▼M8
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 44  
M.A.712  Quality system  
(a) To ensure that the approved continuing airworthiness manage ment 
organisation continues to meet the requirements of this Subpart , it 
shall establish a quality system and designate a quality manage r to 
monitor compliance with, and the adequacy of, procedures requir ed 
to ensure airworthy aircraft. Compliance monitoring shall inclu de a 
feedback system to the accountable manager to ensure corrective  
action as necessary.  
(b) The quality system shall monitor activities carried out und er 
Section A, Subpart G of this Annex (Part M). It shall at least 
include the following functions:  
1. monitoring that all activities carried out under Section A, 
Subpart G of this Annex (Part M) are being performed in 
accordance with the approved procedures, and;  
2. monitoring that all contracted maintenance is carried out in  
accordance with the contract, and;  
3. monitoring the continued compliance with the requirements of  
this Part.  
(c) The records of these activities shall be stored for at leas t two years.  
(d) Where the approved continuing airworthiness management orga n­
isation is approved in accordance with another Part, the qualit y 
system may be combined with that required by the other Part.  
▼M2 
(e) For licenced air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC ) 
No 1008/2008 the M.A. Subpart G quality system shall be an 
integrated part of the operator's quality system.  
(f) In the case of a small organisation not managing the contin uing 
airworthiness of aircraft used by licenced air carriers in acco rdance 
with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the quality system may be 
replaced by regular organisational reviews subject to the appro val 
of the competent authority, except when the organisation issues  
airworthiness review certificates for aircraft above 2 730 kg 
MTOM other than balloons. In the case where there is no 
quality system, the organisation shall not contract continuing 
airworthiness management tasks to other parties.  
▼B 
M.A.713  Changes to the approved continuing airworthiness organisation  
In order to enable the competent authority to determine continu ed 
compliance with this Part, the approved continuing airworthines s 
management organisation shall notify it of any proposal to carr y out 
any of the following changes, before such changes take place:  
1. the name of the organisation.  
2. the location of the organisation.  
3. additional locations of the organisation.  
4. the accountable manager.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 45  
5. any of the persons specified in M.A.706(c).  
6. the facilities, procedures, work scope and staff that could affect the 
approval.  
In the case of proposed changes in personnel not known to the 
management beforehand, these changes shall be notified at the 
earliest opportunity.  
M.A.714  Record-keeping  
▼M8 
(a) The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall record 
all details of work carried out. The records required under 
point M.A.305 of this Annex (Part-M) or ML.A.305 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, and if applicable 
point M.A.306 of this Annex (Part-M), shall be retained.  
▼B 
(b) If the continuing airworthiness management organisation has  the 
privilege referred to in point M.A.711(b), it shall retain a co py of 
each airworthiness review certificate and recommendation issued  
or, as applicable, extended, together with all supporting docum ents. 
In addition, the organisation shall retain a copy of any 
airworthiness review certificate that it has extended under the  
privilege referred to in point M.A.711(a)4.  
(c) If the continuing airworthiness management organisation has  the 
privilege referred to in point M.A.711(c), it shall retain a co py of 
each permit to fly issued in accordance with the provisions of 
point 21A.729 of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012.  
(d) The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall retain 
a copy of all records referred to in points (b) and (c) until t wo 
years after the aircraft has been permanently withdrawn from 
service.  
(e) The records shall be stored in a manner that ensures protec tion 
from damage, alteration and theft.  
(f) All computer hardware used to ensure backup shall be stored  in a 
different location from that containing the working data in an 
environment that ensures they remain in good condition.  
(g) Where continuing airworthiness management of an aircraft is  trans­
ferred to another organisation or person, all retained records shall 
be transferred to the said organisation or person. The time per iods 
prescribed for the retention of records shall continue to apply  to the 
said organisation or person.  
(h) Where a continuing airworthiness management organisation 
terminates its operation, all retained records shall be transfe rred 
to the owner of the aircraft.  
M.A.715  Continued validity of approval  
▼M11  
(a) An approval shall remain valid until 24 March 2022, subject  to: 
▼B 
1. the organisation remaining in compliance with this Part, in 
accordance with the provisions related to the handling of 
findings as specified under point M.B.705 and;  
2. the competent authority being granted access to the organisa tion 
to determine continued compliance with this Part, and;  
3. the approval not being surrendered or revoked.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 46  
(b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval certificate shal l be 
returned to the competent authority.  
M.A.716  Findings  
▼M8 
(a) A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with th e 
requirements of this Annex (Part-M) or Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable, which lowers the safety standard and hazards seriou sly 
the flight safety;  
(b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the requiremen ts of 
this Annex (Part-M) or Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, which  
could lower the safety standard and possibly hazard the flight 
safety;  
▼B 
(c) After receipt of notification of findings according to 
point M.B.705, the holder of the continuing airworthiness 
management organisation approval shall define a corrective 
action plan and demonstrate corrective action to the satisfacti on 
of the competent authority within a period agreed with this 
authority.  
SUBPART H  
CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE — CRS  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.801  Aircraft certificate of release to service  
(a) Except for aircraft released to service by a maintenance or ganis­
ation approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145), the CRS 
shall be issued in accordance with this Subpart.  
(b) No aircraft shall be released to service unless a CRS is is sued 
when all maintenance tasks ordered have been properly carried 
out. The CRS shall be issued by an authorised certifying staff of 
the maintenance organisation approved in accordance with Subpar t 
F of this Annex or with Annex Vd (Part-CAO), except for main­
tenance tasks other than complex maintenance tasks listed in 
Appendix VII to this Annex where the CRS is issued, alternative ly 
by: 
1. independent certifying staff acting in accordance with the 
requirements laid down in Article 5 of this Regulation;  
2. the pilot-owner acting in accordance with point M.A.803 of t his 
Annex.  
(c) By derogation from point (b), in case of unforeseen situati ons, 
when an aircraft is grounded at a location where no maintenance  
organisation approved in accordance with this Annex, Annex II 
(Part-145) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO) and no independent certifying  
staff are available, the owner may authorise any person, with n o 
less than 3 years of appropriate maintenance experience and 
holding either a valid ICAO Annex 1 compliant maintenance 
license for the aircraft type requiring certification or a cert ifying 
staff authorisation valid for the work requiring certification issued 
by an ICAO Annex 6 approved maintenance organisation to 
maintain the aircraft in accordance with the standards set out in 
Subpart D of this Annex and release it to service. In that case , the 
owner shall:  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 47  
1. obtain and keep in the aircraft records specifying details o f the 
maintenance carried out and of the qualifications of the person  
issuing the CRS;  
2. ensure that any such maintenance is later on verified and a new 
CRS is issued by an appropriately authorised person referred to  
in point (b) or an organisation approved in accordance with 
Subpart F of this Annex, Annex II (Part-145) or Annex Vd 
(Part-CAO), at the earliest opportunity and in any case within 
7 calendar days from the issuance of a CRS by the person 
authorised by the owner;  
3. notify the organisation responsible for the continuing 
airworthiness management of the aircraft, when contracted, or 
the competent authority in the absence of such a contract, 
within 7 days from the issuance of such authorisation.  
▼M11  
(d) In case of a release to service in accordance with point (b )(1), the 
certifying staff may be assisted in performing the maintenance 
tasks by one or more persons subject to his or her direct and 
continuous control.  
▼C1 
(e) A CRS shall contain at least:  
1. basic details of the maintenance carried out;  
2. the date on which the maintenance was completed;  
3. the identity of the organisation or person issuing the CRS, 
including, alternatively:  
(i) the approval reference of the maintenance organisation and 
the certifying staff issuing the CRS;  
(ii) in the case referred to in point (b)(2), the identity and,  
where applicable, the licence number of the certifying 
staff issuing the CRS;  
4. the limitations to airworthiness or operations, if any.  
(f) By derogation from point (b) and notwithstanding point (g),  when 
the required maintenance cannot be completed, a CRS may be 
issued with the approved aircraft limitations. In that case, th e cer­
tificate shall indicate that the maintenance could not be compl eted, 
as well as indicate any applicable airworthiness or operations limi­
tations, as part of the information required by point (e)(4).  
(g) A CRS shall not be issued in the case of any known 
non-compliance which endangers flight safety.  
M.A.802  Component certificate to release to service  
▼M8 
(a) Except for component released to service by a maintenance o rgan­
isation approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145), a CRS 
shall be issued at the completion of any maintenance carried ou t on 
an aircraft component in accordance with point M.A.502 of this 
Annex (Part-M).  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 48  
(b) The authorised release certificate identified as EASA Form 1 
constitutes the component CRS, except when such maintenance 
on aircraft components has been performed in accordance with 
point (b) or (d) of point M.A.502 in which case the maintenance  
is subject to aircraft release procedures in accordance with 
point M.A.801.  
▼B 
M.A.803  Pilot-owner authorisation  
(a) To qualify as a Pilot-owner, the person must:  
1. hold a valid pilot licence (or equivalent) issued or validat ed by 
a Member State for the aircraft type or class rating; and  
2. own the aircraft, either as sole or joint owner; that owner must 
be: 
(i) one of the natural persons on the registration form; or  
(ii) a member of a non-profit recreational legal entity, where 
the legal entity is specified on the registration document as 
owner or operator, and that member is directly involved in 
the decision making process of the legal entity and 
designated by that legal entity to carry out Pilot-owner 
maintenance.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(b) For any other than complex motor-powered aircraft of 2 730 kg 
MTOM and below, which are not used in CAT operations, in 
commercial specialised operations or in commercial operations 
by ATOs or DTOs, the pilot-owner may issue a CRS after 
having carried out limited pilot-owner maintenance as specified  
in Appendix VIII to this Annex.  
▼B 
(c) The scope of the limited Pilot-owner maintenance shall be 
specified in the aircraft maintenance programme referred to in 
point M.A.302.  
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▼C1 
(d) The CRS shall be entered in the aircraft continuing airwort hiness 
record system and contain basic details of the maintenance carr ied 
out, the maintenance data used, the date on which that maintena nce 
was completed, as well as the identity, the signature and pilot  
licence number of the pilot-owner issuing such a certificate.  
▼B 
SUBPART I  
AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.A.901  Aircraft airworthiness review  
To ensure the validity of the aircraft airworthiness certificat e, an 
airworthiness review of the aircraft and its continuing airwort hiness 
records shall be carried out periodically.  
(a) An airworthiness review certificate is issued in accordance  with 
Appendix III (EASA Form 15a or 15b) to this Annex upon 
completion of a satisfactory airworthiness review. The 
airworthiness review certificate shall be valid for 1 year;  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 49  
(b) An aircraft in a controlled environment is an aircraft whic h, during 
the preceding 12 months:  
1. has had its airworthiness continuously managed by a unique 
CAMO or CAO;  
2. has been maintained by a maintenance organisation approved 
in accordance with Subpart F of this Annex, Annex II (Part- 
145) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO), including the cases when main­
tenance tasks referred to in point (b) of point M.A.803 are 
carried out and released to service in accordance with 
point (b)(1) or (b)(2) of point M.A.801 of this Annex.  
(c) ►M8 For all aircraft used by air carriers licensed in accordance 
with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, and for aircraft above 
2 730 kg MTOM that are in a controlled environment, the organ­
isation referred to in point (b)(1) managing the continuing 
airworthiness of the aircraft may in accordance with 
CAMO.A.125(e) of Annex Vc or point M.A.711(b) of this 
Annex or point CAO.A.095(c)(1) of Annex Vd, as applicable, 
and subject to compliance with point (j): ◄  
1. issue an airworthiness review certificate in accordance with  
point M.A.901;  
2. extend at most twice the validity of the airworthiness revie w 
certificate it has issued, for a period of 1 year each time, wh ere 
the aircraft concerned has remained within a controlled 
environment.  
(d) The airworthiness review certificate shall be issued by the  
competent authority upon a satisfactory assessment based on a 
recommendation made by a CAMO or CAO, sent together with 
the application from the owner or operator for all aircraft use d by 
air carriers licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, and for aircraft above 2 730 kg MTOM that 
complies with the following alternative conditions:  
1. they are not in a controlled environment;  
2. their continuing airworthiness is managed by an organisation  
that does not hold the privilege to carry out airworthiness 
reviews.  
The recommendation referred to in the first subparagraph shall be 
based on an airworthiness review carried out in accordance with  
point M.A.901.  
▼M11  
(e) For aircraft of 2 730 kg MTOM and below not used by air car riers 
licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, any 
CAMO or CAO chosen by the owner or operator may in 
accordance with CAMO.A.125(e) of Annex Vc or point 
M.A.711(b) of this Annex or CAO.A.095(c) of Annex Vd, as 
applicable, and subject to compliance with point (j):  
▼C1 
1. issue the airworthiness review certificate in accordance wit h 
point M.A.901;  
2. extend at most twice the validity of the airworthiness revie w 
certificate it has issued, for a period of 1 year each time, wh ere 
the aircraft has remained within a controlled environment under  
its management.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 50  
(f) By derogation from points (c)(2) and (e)(2) of point M.A.90 1, for 
aircraft that are in a controlled environment, the organisation  
referred to in point (b)(1) managing the continuing airworthine ss 
of the aircraft, may, subject to compliance with point (j), ext end at 
most twice the validity of an airworthiness review certificate that 
the competent authority or another CAMO or CAO has issued, for 
a period of 1 year each time.  
(g) Whenever circumstances reveal the existence of a potential risk to 
aviation safety, the competent authority shall carry out the 
airworthiness review and issue the airworthiness review certifi cate 
itself.  
(h) Without prejudice to point (g), the competent authority may  carry 
out the airworthiness review and issue the airworthiness review  
certificate itself in the following cases:  
1. when the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft is managed  by 
a CAMO or CAO which has its principal place of business 
located in a third country;  
2. for any other aircraft of 2 730 kg MTOM and below, if the 
owner so requests.  
(i) Where the competent authority issues the airworthiness revi ew 
certificate itself in accordance with points (g) or (h) or afte r 
assessing the recommendation in accordance with 
point M.B.901, the owner or operator of the aircraft shall, 
where necessary for those purposes, provide the competent 
authority with:  
1. any documentation required by the competent authority;  
2. suitable accommodation at the appropriate location for its 
personnel;  
3. the support of the certifying staff.  
(j) An airworthiness review certificate shall not be issued, no r 
extended if there is evidence or indications that the aircraft is 
not airworthy.  
(k) The airworthiness review of the aircraft shall include a fu ll docu­
mented review of the aircraft records establishing that the 
following requirements have been met:  
1. airframe, engine and propeller flying hours and associated 
flight cycles have been properly recorded;  
2. the flight manual is applicable to the aircraft configuratio n 
and reflects the latest revision status;  
3. all the maintenance due on the aircraft pursuant to the 
approved AMP has been carried out;  
4. all known defects have been corrected or, when applicable, 
carried forward in a controlled manner in accordance with 
M.A.403;  
5. all applicable ADs have been applied and properly registered ; 
6. all modifications and repairs applied to the aircraft have b een 
registered and are in compliance with point M.A.304;  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 51  
7. all life-limited parts and time-controlled components instal led 
on the aircraft are properly identified, registered and have no t 
exceeded their limitation;  
8. all maintenance has been carried out in accordance with this  
Annex;  
9. the current mass and balance statement reflects the current 
configuration of the aircraft and is valid;  
10. the aircraft complies with the latest revision of its type design 
approved by the Agency;  
11. if required, the aircraft holds a noise certificate corresp onding 
to the current configuration of the aircraft in compliance with  
Subpart I of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012.  
(l) The airworthiness review of the aircraft shall include a ph ysical 
survey of the aircraft. For that survey, airworthiness review s taff 
not appropriately qualified in accordance with Annex III (Part- 66) 
shall be assisted by such qualified staff.  
(m) Through the physical survey of the aircraft, the airworthin ess 
review staff shall ensure that:  
1. all required markings and placards are properly installed;  
2. the aircraft complies with its approved flight manual;  
3. the aircraft configuration complies with the approved 
documentation;  
4. no evident defect can be found that has not been addressed i n 
accordance with point M.A.403;  
5. no inconsistencies can be found between the aircraft and the  
documented review of records referred to in point (k).  
(n) By derogation from point (a), the airworthiness review may be 
anticipated by a maximum period of 90 days without loss of 
continuity of the airworthiness review pattern, so as to allow for 
the physical review to take place during a maintenance check.  
(o) The airworthiness review certificate (EASA Form 15b) or the  
recommendation for the issue of the airworthiness review certif i­
cate (EASA Form 15a) referred to in Appendix III to this 
Annex can only be issued:  
1. by authorised airworthiness review staff on behalf of the 
approved organisation;  
2. if the airworthiness review has been completely carried out.  
(p) A copy of any airworthiness review certificate issued or ex tended 
for an aircraft shall be sent to the Member State of registry o f the 
aircraft concerned within 10 days.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 52  
(q) Airworthiness review tasks shall not be subcontracted.  
(r) Should the outcome of the airworthiness review be inconclus ive, 
the organisation having carried out the review shall inform the  
competent authority as soon as possible and in any case within 
72 hours from the moment the organisation identifies the reason  
for which the airworthiness review is inconclusive.  
(s) The airworthiness review certificate shall not be issued un til all 
findings have been closed.  
▼B 
M.A.902  Validity of the airworthiness review certificate  
(a) An airworthiness review certificate becomes invalid if:  
1. suspended or revoked; or  
2. the airworthiness certificate is suspended or revoked; or  
3. the aircraft is not on the aircraft register of a Member Sta te; or  
4. the type certificate under which the airworthiness certifica te was 
issued is suspended or revoked.  
(b) An aircraft must not fly if the airworthiness certificate i s invalid or 
if: 
1. the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft or any componen t 
fitted to the aircraft does not meet the requirements of this P art; 
or 
2. the aircraft does not remain in conformity with the type des ign 
approved by the Agency; or  
3. the aircraft has been operated beyond the limitations of the  
approved flight manual or the airworthiness certificate, 
without appropriate action being taken; or  
4. the aircraft has been involved in an accident or incident th at 
affects the airworthiness of the aircraft, without subsequent 
appropriate action to restore airworthiness; or  
▼M6 
▼C1 
5. a modification or repair is not in compliance with 
point M.A.304.  
▼B 
(c) Upon surrender or revocation, the airworthiness review cert ificate 
shall be returned to the competent authority  
M.A.903  Transfer of aircraft registration within the EU  
(a) When transferring an aircraft registration within the EU, t he 
applicant shall:  
1. inform the former Member State in which Member State it will  
be registered, then;  
2. apply to the new Member State for the issuance of a new 
airworthiness certificate in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) 
to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(b) Notwithstanding point M.A.902(a)(3), the former airworthine ss 
review certificate shall remain valid until its expiry date.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 53  
▼C1 
M.A.904  Airworthiness review of aircraft imported into the EU  
(a) When importing an aircraft onto a Member State register fro m a 
third country or from a regulatory system where Regulation (EU)  
2018/1139 does not apply, the applicant shall:  
1. apply to the competent authority of the Member State of 
registry for the issuance of a new airworthiness certificate in  
accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012;  
2. for aircraft other than new, have an airworthiness review ca rried 
out in accordance with point M.A.901;  
3. have all maintenance carried out to comply with the AMP 
approved in accordance with point M.A.302.  
(b) When satisfied that the aircraft is in compliance with the relevant 
requirements, the organisation performing the airworthiness rev iew, 
shall send a documented recommendation for the issuance of an 
airworthiness review certificate to the competent authority of the 
Member State of registry.  
(c) The owner of the aircraft shall allow access to the aircraf t for 
inspection by the competent authority of the Member State of 
registry.  
(d) The competent authority of the Member State of registry sha ll 
issue an airworthiness certificate when it is satisfied that th e 
aircraft complies with the requirements of Annex I (Part-21) to  
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(e) That competent authority of the Member State shall also iss ue the 
airworthiness review certificate. The certificate shall be vali d for 1 
year, unless the competent authority decides to reduce the peri od 
of validity for reasons of aviation safety.  
▼B 
M.A.905  Findings  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) A level 1 finding is any finding of significant non-complia nce with 
the requirements of this Annex, which lowers the safety standar d 
and seriously endangers flight safety.  
(b) A level 2 finding is any finding of non-compliance with the  
requirements of this Annex, which may lower the safety standard  
and may endanger the flight safety.  
▼B 
(c) After receipt of notification of findings according to 
point M.B.903, the person or organisation accountable referred to 
in point M.A.201 shall define a corrective action plan and demo n­
strate corrective action to the satisfaction of the competent 
authority within a period agreed with this authority including 
appropriate corrective action to prevent reoccurrence of the 
finding and its root cause.  ▼M6
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 54  
SECTION B  
PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
M.B.101  Scope  
This Section establishes the administrative requirements to be followed 
by the competent authorities in charge of the application and t he en­
forcement of Section A of this Part.  
M.B.102  Competent authority  
(a) General  
A Member State shall designate a competent authority with alloc ated 
responsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspen sion or 
revocation of certificates and for the oversight of continuing 
airworthiness. This competent authority shall establish documen ted 
procedures and an organisational structure.  
(b) Resources  
The number of staff shall be appropriate to carry out the requi rements 
as detailed in this Section.  
(c) Qualification and training  
All staff involved in activities dealt with in this Annex shall  be appro­
priately qualified and have appropriate knowledge, experience, initial 
training and continuation training to perform their allocated t asks.  
(d) Procedures  
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing ho w 
compliance with this Annex (Part-M) is accomplished.  
The procedures shall be reviewed and amended to ensure continue d 
compliance.  
▼M6 
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M.B.103  Findings and enforcement measures — persons  
If, during oversight or by any other means, evidence is found b y the 
competent authority responsible for oversight in accordance wit h this 
Annex that shows a non-compliance with the applicable requireme nts 
of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 by a person holding a licence, 
certificate, rating or attestation issued in accordance with Re gu­
lation (EU) 2018/1139, the competent authority that identified the 
non-compliance shall take any enforcement measures necessary to  
prevent the continuation of that non-compliance.  
M.B.104  Record-keeping  
(a) The competent authorities shall establish a system of 
record-keeping that allows adequate traceability of the process  to 
issue, continue, change, suspend or revoke each certificate.  
(b) The records for the oversight of organisations approved in 
accordance with this Annex shall include as a minimum:  
1. the application for an organisation approval;  
2. the organisation approval certificate including any changes;  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 55  
3. a copy of the audit programme listing the dates when audits are 
due and when audits were carried out;  
4. the competent authority continued oversight records includin g 
all audit records;  
5. copies of all relevant correspondence;  
6. details of any exemption and enforcement actions;  
7. any report from other competent authorities relating to the 
oversight of the organisation;  
8. organisation exposition or manual and amendments;  
9. copy of any other document directly approved by the competen t 
authority.  
(c) The retention period for the point (b) records shall be at least 5 
years.  
(d) The minimum records for the oversight of each aircraft shal l 
include, at least, a copy of:  
1. the aircraft certificate of airworthiness;  
2. airworthiness review certificates;  
▼M8 
3. airworthiness review recommendations issued by CAO or 
CAMO;  
▼C1 
4. the reports from the airworthiness reviews carried out direc tly 
by the competent authority;  
5. all relevant correspondence relating to the aircraft;  
6. the details of any exemption and enforcement action(s);  
7. any document approved by the competent authority pursuant to  
this Annex or Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 (Part- 
ARO).  
(e) The records specified in point (d) shall be retained until 2 years 
after the aircraft has been permanently withdrawn from service.  
(f) All records shall be made available upon request by another  
Member State or the Agency.  
▼B 
M.B.105  Mutual exchange of information  
▼M8 
(a) In order to contribute to the improvement of air safety, th e 
competent authorities shall participate in a mutual exchange of  
all necessary information in accordance with Article 72 of Regu ­
lation (EU) 2018/1139.  
▼B 
(b) Without prejudice to the competencies of the Member States,  in the 
case of a potential safety threat involving several Member Stat es, 
the concerned competent authorities shall assist each other in 
carrying out the necessary oversight action.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 56  
SUBPART B  
ACCOUNTABILITY  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.B.201  Responsibilities  
The competent authorities as specified in point M.1 are respons ible for 
conducting audits, inspections and investigations in order to v erify that 
the requirements of this Annex are complied with.  
M.B.202  Information to the Agency  
(a) The competent authority shall without undue delay notify th e 
Agency in case of any significant problems with the implemen­
tation of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139.  
(b) The competent authority shall provide the Agency with 
safety-significant information stemming from the occurrence 
reports it has received pursuant to point M.A.202.  
▼B 
SUBPART C  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
▼M6 
▼C1 
M.B.301  Aircraft maintenance programme  
(a) The competent authority shall verify that the AMP is in com pliance 
with point M.A.302.  
(b) Unless stated otherwise in point (c) of point M.A.302, the AMP 
and its amendments shall be approved directly by the competent 
authority. The competent authority shall have access to all the  data 
required by points (d), (e) and (f) of point M.A.302.  
▼M8 
(c) In the case of indirect approval as provided for in point M .A.302(c), the 
competent authority shall approve the AMP approval procedure of  the 
CAO or CAMO through that organisation’s exposition referred to in 
point CAO.A.025 of Annex Vd, point M.A.704 of this Annex, or 
point CAMO.A.300 of Annex Vc, as applicable.  
M.B.302  Exemptions  
All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 71 of Regu­
lation (EU) 2018/1139 shall be recorded and retained by the 
competent authority.  
▼M2 
M.B.303  Aircraft continuing airworthiness monitoring  
(a) The competent authority shall develop a survey programme on  
a risk-based approach to monitor the airworthiness status of th e 
fleet of aircraft on its register.  
(b) The survey programme shall include sample product surveys o f 
aircraft and shall cover all aspects of airworthiness key risk 
elements.  
(c) The product survey shall sample the airworthiness standards  
achieved, on the basis of the applicable requirements, and 
identify any findings.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 57  
(d) Any findings identified shall be categorised against the 
requirements of this Part and confirmed in writing to the perso n 
or organisation accountable according to M.A.201. The competent  
authority shall have a process in place to analyse findings for  their 
safety significance.  
(e) The competent authority shall record all findings and closu re 
actions.  
(f) If during aircraft surveys evidence is found showing 
non-compliance with this Part or with any other Part, the 
finding shall be dealt with as prescribed by the relevant Part.  
(g) If so required to ensure appropriate enforcement action, th e 
competent authority shall exchange information on 
non-compliances identified in accordance with point (f) with 
other competent authorities.  
M.B.304  Revocation and suspension  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend an airworthiness review certificate on reasonable g rounds 
in the case of potential safety threat, or;  
(b) suspend or revoke an airworthiness review certificate pursu ant to 
M.B.903(1).  
▼M6 
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M.B.305  Aircraft technical log system  
(a) The competent authority shall approve the initial aircraft technical 
log system required by point M.A.306.  
▼M8 
(b) To enable the organisation to implement changes to the airc raft 
technical log system without prior competent authority approval , 
the competent authority shall approve the relevant procedure 
referred to in point CAMO.A.300(c) of Annex Vc, or 
point M.A.704(c) of this Annex or point CAO.A.025(c) of 
Annex Vd.  
▼B 
SUBPART D  
MAINTENANCE STANDARDS  
(to be developed as appropriate)  
SUBPART E  
COMPONENTS  
(to be developed as appropriate)  ▼M2
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 58  
SUBPART F  
MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION  
M.B.601  Application  
Where maintenance facilities are located in more than one Membe r 
State the investigation and continued oversight of the approval  shall 
be carried out in conjunction with the competent authorities de signated 
by the Member States in whose territory the other maintenance 
facilities are located.  
M.B.602  Initial Approval  
(a) Provided the requirements of points M.A.606(a) and (b) are 
complied with, the competent authority shall formally indicate 
its acceptance of the M.A.606(a) and (b) personnel to the 
applicant in writing.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(b) The competent authority shall establish that the procedures  
specified in the maintenance organisation manual comply with 
Subpart F of this Annex, and shall ensure that the accountable 
manager signs the commitment statement.  
(c) The competent authority shall verify that the organisation is in 
compliance with the requirements laid down in Subpart F of this  
Annex.  
▼B 
(d) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at  
least once during the investigation for approval to ensure that  
he/she fully understands the significance of the approval and t he 
reason for signing the commitment of the organisation to 
compliance with the procedures specified in the manual.  
(e) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant  
organisation.  
(f) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions 
(actions required to close a finding) and recommendations.  
(g) For initial approval all findings shall be corrected by the  organis­
ation and closed by the competent authority before the approval  
can be issued.  
M.B.603  Issue of approval  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) The competent authority shall issue to the applicant an EAS A 
Form 3 approval certificate (Appendix V to this Annex), which 
includes the extent of the approval, when the maintenance organ ­
isation is in compliance with the applicable points of this Ann ex. 
▼B 
(b) The competent authority shall indicate the conditions attac hed to 
the approval on the EASA Form 3 approval certificate.  
(c) The reference number shall be included on the EASA Form 3 
approval certificate in a manner specified by the Agency.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 59  
M.B.604  Continuing oversight  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) The competent authority shall keep and update a programme 
listing, for each maintenance organisation approved in accordan ce 
with Subpart F of Section B of this Annex under its supervision , 
the dates when audit visits are due and when such visits were 
carried out.  
▼B 
(b) Each organisation shall be completely audited at periods no t 
exceeding 24 months.  
(c) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant  
organisation.  
(d) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions 
(actions required to close a finding) and recommendations.  
(e) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at  least 
once every 24 months to ensure he/she remains informed of 
significant issues arising during audits.  
M.B.605  Findings  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) When during audits or by other means evidence is found show ing 
non-compliance with a requirement laid down in this Annex or 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), the competent authority shall take the 
following actions:  
▼B 
1. For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the  
competent authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or 
in part, depending upon the extent of the level 1 finding, the 
maintenance organisation approval, until successful corrective 
action has been taken by the organisation.  
2. For level 2 findings, the competent authority shall grant a 
corrective action period appropriate to the nature of the 
finding that shall not be more than three months. In certain 
circumstances, at the end of this first period and subject to 
the nature of the finding, the competent authority can extend 
the three month period subject to a satisfactory corrective act ion 
plan.  
(b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend  in 
whole or part the approval in case of failure to comply within 
the timescale granted by the competent authority.  
M.B.606  Changes  
(a) The competent authority shall comply with the applicable el ements 
of the initial approval for any change to the organisation noti fied in 
accordance with point M.A.617.  
(b) The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under which 
the approved maintenance organisation may operate during such 
changes, unless it determines that the approval should be 
suspended due to the nature or the extent of the changes.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 60  
▼C1 
(c) For any change to the maintenance organisation manual:  
1. in the case of direct approval of changes in accordance with  
point (b) of point M.A.604, the competent authority shall verif y 
that the procedures specified in the manual are in compliance 
with this Annex before formally notifying the approved organ­
isation of the approval;  
2. in the case of an indirect approval of changes in accordance  
with point (c) of point M.A.604, the competent authority shall 
ensure that:  
(i) the changes remain minor;  
(ii) it has adequate control over the approval of the changes t o 
ensure they remain in compliance with the requirements of 
this Annex.  
▼B 
M.B.607  Revocation, suspension and limitation of an approval  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of po tential 
safety threat, or;  
(b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to point M.B. 605. 
SUBPART G  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION  
M.B.701  Application  
▼M2 
(a) For licenced air carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC ) 
No 1008/2008 the competent authority shall receive for approval  
with the initial application for the air operator's certificate  and 
where applicable any variation applied for and for each aircraf t 
type to be operated:  
1. the continuing airworthiness management exposition;  
2. the operator's aircraft maintenance programmes;  
3. the aircraft technical log;  
4. where appropriate the technical specification of the mainten ance 
contracts between the CAMO and Part-145 approved main­
tenance organisation.  
▼B 
(b) Where facilities are located in more than one Member State the 
investigation and continued oversight of the approval shall be 
carried out in conjunction with the competent authorities desig nated 
by the Member States in whose territory the other facilities ar e 
located.  
M.B.702  Initial approval  
(a) Provided the requirements of points M.A.706(a), (c), (d) an d 
M.A.707 are complied with, the competent authority shall 
formally indicate its acceptance of the M.A.706(a), (c), (d) an d 
M.A.707 personnel to the applicant in writing.  ▼M6
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 61  
(b) The competent authority shall establish that the procedures  
specified in the continuing airworthiness management exposition  
comply with Section A, Subpart G of this Annex (Part-M) and 
ensure the accountable manager signs the commitment statement.  
(c) The competent authority shall verify the organisation's com pliance 
with requirements laid down in Section A, Subpart G of this 
Annex (Part-M).  
(d) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at  least 
once during the investigation for approval to ensure that he/sh e 
fully understands the significance of the approval and the reas on 
for signing the exposition commitment of the organisation to 
compliance with the procedures specified in the continuing 
airworthiness management exposition.  
(e) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant  
organisation.  
(f) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions 
(actions required to close a finding) and recommendations.  
(g) For initial approval all findings shall be corrected by the  organis­
ation and closed by the competent authority before the approval  
can be issued.  
▼M8 
M.B.703  Issue of approval  
(a) The competent authority shall issue to the applicant an EAS A 
Form 14-MG approval certificate (Appendix VI to this Annex) 
which includes the extent of approval, when the continuing 
airworthiness management organisation is in compliance with 
Section A, Subpart G of this Annex (Part-M).  
(b) The competent authority shall indicate the validity of the approval 
on the EASA Form 14 MG approval certificate.  
(c) The reference number shall be included on the Form 14 MG 
approval certificate in a manner specified by the Agency.  
(d) In the case of licenced air carriers in accordance with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the information contained on an 
EASA Form 14 MG will be included on the air operator's 
certificate.  
▼B 
M.B.704  Continuing oversight  
(a) The competent authority shall keep and update a program lis ting, 
for each continuing airworthiness organisation approved under 
Section A, Subpart G of this Annex (Part-M) under its supervisi on, 
the dates when audit visits are due and when such visits were 
carried out.  
(b) Each organisation shall be completely audited at periods no t 
exceeding 24 months.  
(c) A relevant sample of the aircraft managed by the organisati on 
approved under Section B, Subpart G of this Annex (Part-M) 
shall be surveyed in every 24 month period. The size of the 
sample will be decided by the competent authority based on the 
result of prior audits and earlier product surveys.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 62  
(d) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant  
organisation.  
(e) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions 
(actions required to close a finding) and recommendations.  
(f) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at  least 
once every 24 months to ensure he/she remains informed of 
significant issues arising during audits.  
M.B.705  Findings  
▼M8 
(a) When during audits or by other means, evidence is found sho wing 
non-compliance to a requirement laid down in this Annex (Part-M ) 
or Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, the competent authority 
shall take the following actions:  
▼B 
1. For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the  
competent authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or 
in part, depending upon the extent of the level 1 finding, the 
continuing airworthiness management organisation approval, 
until successful corrective action has been taken by the 
organisation.  
2. For level 2 findings, the competent authority shall grant a 
corrective action period appropriate to the nature of the 
finding that shall not be more than three months. In certain 
circumstances, at the end of this first period, and subject to 
the nature of the finding the competent authority can extend 
the three month period subject to a satisfactory corrective 
action plan.  
(b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend  in 
whole or part the approval in case of failure to comply within 
the timescale granted by the competent authority.  
M.B.706  Changes  
(a) The competent authority shall comply with the applicable el ements 
of the initial approval for any change to the organisation noti fied in 
accordance with point M.A.713.  
(b) The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under which 
the approved continuing airworthiness management organisation 
may operate during such changes unless it determines that the 
approval should be suspended due to the nature or the extent of  
the changes.  
▼M8 
(c) For any change to the continuing airworthiness management 
exposition:  
1. In the case of direct approval of changes in accordance with  
point M.A.704(b) of this Annex (Part-M), the competent 
authority shall verify that the procedures specified in the 
exposition are in compliance with this Annex (Part-M) or 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, before formally notifying 
the approved organisation of the approval.  
2. In the case an indirect approval procedure is used for the 
approval of the changes in accordance with point M.A.704(c) 
of this Annex (Part-M), the competent authority shall ensure al l 
of the following:  
(i) that the changes remain minor;  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 63  
(ii) that it has an adequate control over the approval of the 
changes to ensure they remain in compliance with the 
requirements of this Annex (Part-M) or Annex Vb (Part- 
ML), as applicable.  
▼B 
M.B.707  Revocation, suspension and limitation of an approval  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of po tential 
safety threat, or;  
(b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to point M.B. 705. 
SUBPART H  
CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE — CRS  
(to be developed as appropriate)  
SUBPART I  
AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE  
M.B.901  Assessment of recommendations  
Upon receipt of an application and associated airworthiness rev iew 
certificate recommendation in accordance with point M.A.901:  
▼M6 
▼C1 
1. Appropriately qualified personnel of the competent authority  shall 
verify that the compliance statement contained in the recommen­
dation demonstrates that a complete airworthiness review in 
accordance with point M.A.901 has been carried out.  
▼B 
2. The competent authority shall investigate and may request fu rther 
information to support the assessment of the recommendation.  
M.B.902  Airworthiness review by the competent authority  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) When the competent authority carries out the airworthiness review 
and issues the airworthiness review certificate (Appendix III 
(EASA Form 15a) to this Annex), the competent authority shall 
carry out an airworthiness review in accordance with 
point M.A.901.  
(b) The competent authority shall have appropriate airworthines s 
review staff to carry out the airworthiness reviews.  
1. For all aircraft used by air carriers licensed in accordance  with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, and for aircraft above 2 730 kg 
MTOM, such staff shall have:  
(a) acquired at least 5 years of experience in continuing 
airworthiness;  
(b) acquired an appropriate licence in compliance with 
Annex III (Part-66), or a nationally recognised maintenance 
personnel qualification appropriate to the aircraft category 
(when Article 5(6) refers to national rules), or an aero­
nautical degree or equivalent;  ▼M8
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 64  
(c) received formal aeronautical maintenance training;  
(d) held a position with appropriate responsibilities.  
Notwithstanding points (a) to (d), the requirement laid down in  
point (b)(1)(b) of point M.B.902 may be replaced with 5 years 
of experience in continuing airworthiness additional to those 
already required by point (b)(1)(a) of point M.B.902.  
2. For aircraft not used by air carriers licensed in accordance  with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, and for aircraft of 2 730 kg 
MTOM and below, such staff shall have:  
(a) at least 3 years of experience in continuing airworthiness;  
(b) acquired an appropriate licence in compliance with 
Annex III (Part-66), or a nationally recognised maintenance 
personnel qualification appropriate to the aircraft category 
when Article 5(6) refers to national rules, or an aeronautical 
degree or equivalent;  
(c) received appropriate aeronautical maintenance training;  
(d) held a position with appropriate responsibilities.  
Notwithstanding points (a) to (d), the requirement laid down in  
point (b)(2)(b) of point M.B.902 may be replaced by 4 years of 
experience in continuing airworthiness additional to those 
already required by point (b)(2)(a) of point M.B.902.  
▼B 
(c) The competent authority shall maintain a record of all airw orthiness 
review staff, which shall include details of any appropriate qu alifi­
cation held together with a summary of relevant continuing 
airworthiness management experience and training.  
(d) The competent authority shall have access to the applicable  data as 
specified in points M.A.305, M.A.306 and M.A.401 in the 
performance of the airworthiness review.  
(e) The staff that carries out the airworthiness review shall i ssue a 
Form 15a after satisfactory completion of the airworthiness rev iew. 
M.B.903  Findings  
If during aircraft surveys or by other means evidence is found showing 
non-compliance to a Part-M requirement, the competent authority  shall 
take the following actions:  
1. for level 1 findings, the competent authority shall require appro­
priate corrective action to be taken before further flight and 
immediate action shall be taken by the competent authority to 
revoke or suspend the airworthiness review certificate.  
2. for level 2 findings, the corrective action required by the competent 
authority shall be appropriate to the nature of the finding.  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 65  
▼C1 
M.B.904  Exchange of information  
Upon receipt of a notification of aircraft transfer between the  Member States 
according to point M.A.903, the competent authority of the Memb er State 
where the aircraft is currently registered shall inform the com petent authority 
of the Member State where the aircraft will be registered of an y known 
problems with the aircraft being transferred. The competent aut hority of the 
Member State where the aircraft will be registered shall ensure  that the 
competent authority of the Member State where the aircraft is c urrently 
registered has been properly notified about the transfer.  ▼M6
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 66  
Appendix I  
Continuing airworthiness management contract  
1. When an owner or operator contracts in accordance with point  M.A.201 a 
CAMO or CAO to carry out continuing airworthiness management ta sks, 
upon request by the competent authority, a copy of the contract  signed by 
both parties shall be sent by the owner or operator to the comp etent 
authority of the Member State of registry.  
2. The contract shall be developed taking into account the requ irements of this 
Annex and shall define the obligations of the signatories in re lation to the 
continuing airworthiness of the aircraft.  
3. It shall contain as a minimum the following information:  
— aircraft registration, type and serial number;  
— aircraft owner's or registered lessee's name or company detai ls including 
the address,  
— details of the contracted CAMO or CAO, including the address,  and  
— the type of operation.  
4. It shall state the following:  
‘The owner or operator entrusts the CAMO or CAO with the manage ment of the 
continuing airworthiness of the aircraft, the development of an  AMP that shall be 
approved by the competent authority as detailed in point M.1, a nd the organis­
ation of the maintenance of the aircraft according to said AMP.  
According to the present contract, both signatories undertake t o follow the 
respective obligations of this contract.  
The owner or operator declares to the best of its knowledge tha t all the 
information given to the CAMO or CAO concerning the continuing 
airworthiness of the aircraft is and will be accurate, and that  the aircraft 
will not be altered without prior approval of the CAMO or CAO.  
In case of any non-conformity with this contract, by either of the signa­
tories, the contract will become null. In such a case, the owne r or operator 
will retain full responsibility for every task linked to the co ntinuing 
airworthiness of the aircraft, and the owner will inform the co mpetent auth­
orities of the Member State of registry within 2 weeks about su ch 
non-conformity with the contract.’  
5. When an owner/operator contracts a CAMO or CAO in accordance  with 
point M.A.201, the obligations of each party shall be assigned as follows:  
5.1. Obligations of the CAMO or CAO:  
1. have the aircraft type included in its terms of approval;  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 67  
2. respect the conditions listed below with regard to maintaini ng the 
continuing airworthiness of the aircraft:  
(a) develop an AMP for the aircraft, including any reliability 
programme developed, if applicable;  
(b) declare the maintenance tasks (in the AMP) that may be carr ied out 
by the pilot-owner in accordance with point (c) of point M.A.80 3; 
(c) organise the approval of the AMP;  
(d) once it has been approved, provide the owner or operator wi th a 
copy of the AMP;  
(e) organise a bridging inspection with the aircraft prior main tenance 
programme;  
(f) organise for all maintenance to be carried out by an approv ed main­
tenance organisation;  
(g) organise for all applicable ADs to be applied;  
(h) organise for all defects discovered during scheduled mainte nance, 
airworthiness reviews or reported by the owner to be rectified by an 
approved maintenance organisation;  
(i) coordinate scheduled maintenance, the application of ADs, t he re­
placement of life-limited parts, and component inspection 
requirements;  
(j) inform the owner each time the aircraft shall be brought to  an 
approved maintenance organisation;  
(k) manage all technical records;  
(l) archive all technical records;  
3. organise the approval of any modification to the aircraft in  accordance 
with Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 (Part-21) before it  is 
embodied;  
4. organise the approval of any repair to the aircraft in accor dance with 
Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 (Part-21) before it is c arried 
out; 
5. inform the competent authority of the Member State of regist ry 
whenever the aircraft is not presented to the approved maintena nce 
organisation by the owner as requested by the approved organisa tion; 
6. inform the competent authority of the Member State of regist ry 
whenever the present contract is not respected;  
7. ensure that the airworthiness review of the aircraft is carr ied out when 
necessary, and ensure that the airworthiness review certificate  is issued 
or a recommendation is sent to the competent authority of the M ember 
State of registry;  
8. send within 10 days a copy of any airworthiness review certi ficate 
issued or extended to the competent authority of the Member Sta te of 
registry;  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 68  
9. carry out all occurrence reporting mandated by applicable re gulations;  
10. inform the competent authority of the Member State of regis try when 
the contract is denounced by either party.  
5.2. Obligations of the owner or operator:  
1. have a general understanding of the approved AMP;  
2. have a general understanding of this Annex;  
3. present the aircraft to the approved maintenance organisatio n agreed 
with the CAMO or CAO at the due time designated at the CAMO's 
or CAO's request;  
4. not modify the aircraft without first consulting the CAMO or  CAO;  
5. inform the CAMO or CAO of all maintenance exceptionally carr ied out 
without the knowledge and control of the CAMO or CAO;  
6. report all defects found during operations to the CAMO or CA O 
through the logbook;  
7. inform the competent authority of the Member State of regist ry 
whenever the present contract is denounced by either party;  
8. inform the CAMO or CAO and competent authority of the Member  
State of registry whenever the aircraft is sold;  
9. carry out all occurrence reporting mandated by applicable re gulations;  
10. inform on a regular basis the CAMO or CAO about the aircraf t flying 
hours and any other utilisation data, as agreed with the CAMO o r CAO;  
11. enter the CRS in the logbooks as mentioned in point (d) of 
point M.A.803 when performing pilot-owner maintenance without 
exceeding the limits of the maintenance tasks list as declared in the 
approved AMP as laid down in point (c) of point M.A.803;  
12. inform the CAMO or CAO not later than 30 days after complet ion of 
any pilot-owner maintenance task in accordance with point (a) o f 
point M.A.305.  
6. When an owner or operator contracts a CAMO or CAO in accorda nce with 
point M.A.201, the obligations of each party in respect of mand atory and 
voluntary occurrence reporting in accordance with Regulation (E U) 
No 376/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (  1 ) shall be 
clearly specified.  ▼C1 
( 1 ) Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 of the European Parliament and of  the Council of 3 April 
2014 on the reporting, analysis and follow-up of occurrences in  civil aviation, amending 
Regulation (EU) No 996/2010 of the European Parliament and of t he Council and 
repealing Directive 2003/42/EC of the European Parliament and o f the Council and 
Commission Regulations (EC) No 1321/2007 and (EC) No 1330/2007 (OJ L 122, 
24.4.2014, p. 18).
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 69  
Appendix II  
Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1  
These instructions relate only to the use of the EASA Form 1 fo r maintenance 
purposes. Attention is drawn to Appendix I to Annex I (Part-21)  of 
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 which covers the use of the EASA Fo rm 1 for 
production purposes.  
1. PURPOSE AND USE  
1.1. The primary purpose of the Certificate is to declare the a irworthiness of 
maintenance work undertaken on products, parts and appliances ( hereafter 
referred to as ‘item(s)’).  
1.2. Correlation must be established between the Certificate an d the item(s). The 
originator must retain a Certificate in a form that allows veri fication of the 
original data.  
1.3. The Certificate is acceptable to many airworthiness author ities, but may be 
dependent on the existence of bilateral agreements and/or the p olicy of the 
airworthiness authority. The ‘approved design data’ mentioned i n this Cer­
tificate then means approved by the airworthiness authority of the importing 
country.  
1.4. The Certificate is not a delivery or shipping note.  
1.5. Aircraft are not to be released using the Certificate.  
1.6. The Certificate does not constitute approval to install th e item on a 
particular aircraft, engine, or propeller but helps the end use r determine 
its airworthiness approval status.  
1.7. A mixture of production released and maintenance released items is not 
permitted on the same Certificate.  
2. GENERAL FORMAT  
2.1. The Certificate must comply with the format attached inclu ding block 
numbers and the location of each block. The size of each block may 
however be varied to suit the individual application, but not t o the extent 
that would make the Certificate unrecognisable.  
2.2. The Certificate must be in ‘landscape’ format but the over all size may be 
significantly increased or decreased so long as the Certificate  remains recog­
nisable and legible. If in doubt consult the Competent Authorit y. 
2.3. The User/Installer responsibility statement can be placed on either side of 
the form.  
2.4. All printing must be clear and legible to permit easy read ing. 
2.5. The Certificate may either be pre-printed or computer gene rated but in either 
case the printing of lines and characters must be clear and leg ible and in 
accordance with the defined format.  
2.6. The Certificate should be in English, and if appropriate, in one or more 
other languages.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 70  
2.7. The details to be entered on the Certificate may be either  machine/computer 
printed or hand-written using block letters and must permit eas y reading.  
2.8. Limit the use of abbreviations to a minimum, to aid clarit y. 
2.9. The space remaining on the reverse side of the Certificate  may be used by 
the originator for any additional information but must not incl ude any 
certification statement. Any use of the reverse side of the Cer tificate must 
be referenced in the appropriate block on the front side of the  Certificate  
3. COPIES  
3.1. There is no restriction in the number of copies of the Cer tificate sent to the 
customer or retained by the originator.  
4. ERROR(S) ON A CERTIFICATE  
4.1. If an end-user finds an error(s) on a Certificate, he must  identify it/them in 
writing to the originator. The originator may issue a new Certi ficate only if 
the error(s) can be verified and corrected.  
4.2. The new Certificate must have a new tracking number, signa ture and date.  
4.3. The request for a new Certificate may be honoured without re-verification of 
the item(s) condition. The new Certificate is not a statement o f current 
condition and should refer to the previous Certificate in block  12 by the 
following statement; ‘This Certificate corrects the error(s) in  block(s) [enter 
block(s) corrected] of the Certificate [enter original tracking  number] dated 
[enter original issuance date] and does not cover conformity/co ndition/ 
release to service’. Both Certificates should be retained accor ding to the 
retention period associated with the first.  
5. COMPLETION OF THE CERTIFICATE BY THE ORIGINATOR  
Block 1 Approving Competent Authority/Country  
State the name and country of the competent authority under who se jurisdiction 
this Certificate is issued. When the competent authority is the  Agency, only 
‘EASA’ must be stated.  
Block 2 EASA Form 1 header  
‘AUTHORISED RELEASE CERTIFICATE  
EASA FORM 1’  
Block 3 Form Tracking Number  
Enter the unique number established by the numbering system/pro cedure of the 
organisation identified in block 4; this may include alpha/nume ric characters.  
Block 4 Organisation Name and Address  
Enter the full name and address of the approved organisation (r efer to EASA 
form 3) releasing the work covered by this Certificate. Logos, etc., are permitted 
if the logo can be contained within the block.  
Block 5 Work Order/Contract/Invoice  
To facilitate customer traceability of the item(s), enter the w ork order number, 
contract number, invoice number, or similar reference number.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 71  
Block 6 Item  
Enter line item numbers when there is more than one line item. This block 
permits easy cross-referencing to the Remarks block 12.  
Block 7 Description  
Enter the name or description of the item. Preference should be  given to the term 
used in the instructions for continued airworthiness or mainten ance data (e.g. 
Illustrated Parts Catalogue, Aircraft Maintenance Manual, Servi ce Bulletin, 
Component Maintenance Manual).  
Block 8 Part Number  
Enter the part number as it appears on the item or tag/packagin g. In case of an 
engine or propeller the type designation may be used.  
Block 9 Quantity  
State the quantity of items.  
Block 10 Serial Number  
If the item is required by regulations to be identified with a serial number, enter 
it here. Additionally, any other serial number not required by regulation may also 
be entered. If there is no serial number identified on the item , enter ‘N/A’.  
Block 11 Status/Work  
The following describes the permissible entries for block 11. E nter only one of 
these terms — where more than one may be applicable, use the on e that most 
accurately describes the majority of the work performed and/or the status of the 
article. 
(i) Overhauled  .  Means a process that ensures the item is in complete conformit y with all the applicable 
service tolerances specified in the type certificate holder's, or equipment manufacturer's 
instructions for continued airworthiness, or in the data which is approved or accepted 
by the Authority. The item will be at least disassembled, clean ed, inspected, repaired as 
necessary, reassembled and tested in accordance with the above specified data.  
(ii) Repaired  .  Rectification of defect(s) using an applicable standard (  1 ). 
(iii) Inspected/ 
Tested  . Examination, measurement, etc. in accordance with an applicabl e standard (  1 ) 
(e.g. visual inspection, functional testing, bench testing etc. ). 
(iv) Modified  .  Alteration of an item to conform to an applicable standard (  1 ). 
( 1 ) Applicable standard means a manufacturing/design/maintenance/ quality standard, method, technique or practice approved by or 
acceptable to the Competent Authority. The applicable standard shall be described in block 12.  
Block 12 Remarks  
Describe the work identified in Block 11, either directly or by  reference to 
supporting documentation, necessary for the user or installer t o determine the 
airworthiness of item(s) in relation to the work being certifie d. If necessary, a 
separate sheet may be used and referenced from the main EASA Fo rm 1. Each 
statement must clearly identify which item(s) in Block 6 it rel ates to.  
Examples of information to be entered in block 12 are:  
(i) Maintenance data used, including the revision status and re ference.  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 72  
(ii) Compliance with airworthiness directives or service bullet ins. 
(iii) Repairs carried out.  
(iv) Modifications carried out.  
(v) Replacement parts installed.  
(vi) Life limited parts status.  
(vii) Deviations from the customer work order.  
(viii) Release statements to satisfy a foreign Civil Aviation A uthority main­
tenance requirement.  
(ix) Information needed to support shipment with shortages or r e-assembly after 
delivery.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(x) For maintenance organisations approved in accordance with S ubpart F of 
Annex I (Part-M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO), the component CRS stat ement 
referred to in point M.A.613 and CAO.A.070, as applicable:  
‘Certifies that, unless otherwise specified in this block, the work identified 
in block 11 and described in this block was accomplished in acc ordance 
with the requirements of Section A, Subpart F of Annex I (Part- M) or 
Annex Vd (Part-CAO) to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, and in res pect to 
that work the item is considered ready for release to service. THIS IS NOT 
A RELEASE UNDER ANNEX II (PART-145) TO REGULATION (EU) 
No 1321/2014.’  
If printing the data from an electronic EASA Form 1, any approp riate data 
not fit for other blocks should be entered in this block.  
▼B 
If printing the data from an electronic EASA Form 1, any approp riate data not fit 
for other blocks should be entered in this block.  
Block 13a-13e  
General Requirements for blocks 13a-13e: Not used for maintenan ce release. 
Shade, darken, or otherwise mark to preclude inadvertent or una uthorised use.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
Block 14a  
Mark the appropriate box(es) indicating which regulations apply  to the completed 
work. If the box ‘other regulations specified in block 12’ is m arked, then the 
regulations of the other airworthiness authority(ies) must be i dentified in block 
12. At least one box must be marked, or both boxes may be marke d, as 
appropriate.  
For all maintenance carried out by maintenance organisations ap proved in 
accordance with Section A, Subpart F of Annex I (Part M) or Ann ex Vd 
(Part-CAO) to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, the box ‘other regu lation 
specified in block 12’ shall be ticked and the CRS statement be  entered in 
block 12. In that case, the certification statement ‘unless oth erwise specified in 
this block’ is intended to address the following cases:  
(a) where maintenance could not be completed;  
(b) where maintenance deviated from the standard required by An nex I (Part-M) 
or Annex Vd (Part-CAO);  ▼B
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 73  
(c) where maintenance was carried out in accordance with a requ irement other 
than that specified in Annex I (Part-M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO);  in this 
case, block 12 shall specify the particular national regulation . 
For all maintenance carried out by maintenance organisations ap proved in 
accordance with Section A of Annex II (Part-145) to Regulation (EU) 
No 1321/2014, the certification statement ‘unless otherwise spe cified in block 
12’ is intended to address the following cases:  
(a) where maintenance could not be completed;  
(b) where maintenance deviated from the standard required by An nex II (Part- 
145);  
(c) where maintenance was carried out in accordance with a requ irement other 
than that specified in Annex II (Part-145); in this case, block  12 shall specify 
the particular national regulation.  
▼B 
Block 14b Authorised Signature  
This space shall be completed with the signature of the authori sed person. Only 
persons specifically authorised under the rules and policies of  the Competent 
Authority are permitted to sign this block. To aid recognition,  a unique 
number identifying the authorised person may be added.  
Block 14c Certificate/Approval Number  
Enter the Certificate/Approval number/reference. This number or  reference is 
issued by the Competent Authority.  
Block 14d Name  
Enter the name of the person signing block 14b in a legible for m. 
Block 14e Date  
Enter the date on which block 14b is signed, the date must be i n the format dd = 
2 digit day, mmm = first 3 letters of the month, yyyy = 4 digit  year  
User/Installer Responsibilities  
Place the following statement on the Certificate to notify end users that they are 
not relieved of their responsibilities concerning installation and use of any item 
accompanied by the form:  
‘THIS CERTIFICATE DOES NOT AUTOMATICALLY CONSTITUTE 
AUTHORITY TO INSTALL.  
WHERE THE USER/INSTALLER PERFORMS WORK IN ACCORDANCE 
WITH REGULATIONS OF AN AIRWORTHINESS AUTHORITY 
DIFFERENT THAN THE AIRWORTHINESS AUTHORITY SPECIFIED IN 
BLOCK 1, IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE USER/INSTALLER ENSURES 
THAT HIS/HER AIRWORTHINESS AUTHORITY ACCEPTS ITEMS 
FROM THE AIRWORTHINESS AUTHORITY SPECIFIED IN BLOCK 1.  
STATEMENTS IN BLOCKS 13A AND 14A DO NOT CONSTITUTE 
INSTALLATION CERTIFICATION. IN ALL CASES AIRCRAFT MAIN­
TENANCE RECORDS MUST CONTAIN AN INSTALLATION CERTIFI­
CATION ISSUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NATIONAL REGU­
LATIONS BY THE USER/INSTALLER BEFORE THE AIRCRAFT 
MAY BE FLOWN.’  ▼C1
 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 74
 ▼B
 
► (1) M6 
► (2) C1
 ▼C1 
Appendix III  
Airworthiness Review Certificate – EASA Form 15
  
► (1) M11  
► (2) M8 ▼M6 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 75
 
▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 76
 
Appendix IV  
Class and Ratings System to be used for the Approval of Maintenance 
Organisations referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex II 
(Part-145)  
1. Except as stated otherwise for the smallest organisations in  point 12, the 
table referred to in point 13 provides the standard system for the approval of 
maintenance organisation under Subpart F of Annex I (Part-M) an d Annex II 
(Part-145). An organisation must be granted an approval ranging  from a 
single class and rating with limitations to all classes and rat ings with 
limitations.  
2. In addition to the table referred to in point 13, the approv ed maintenance 
organisation is required to indicate its  scope of work  in its maintenance 
organisation manual/exposition. See also point 11.  
3. Within the approval class(es) and rating(s) granted by the c ompetent 
authority, the scope of work specified in the maintenance organ isation 
exposition defines the exact limits of approval. It is therefor e essential that 
the approval class(es) and rating(s) and the organisations scop e of work are 
matching.  
4. A category A class rating  means that the approved maintenance organisation 
may carry out maintenance on the aircraft and any component (in cluding 
engines and/or Auxiliary Power Units (APUs), in accordance with  aircraft 
maintenance data or, if agreed by the competent authority, in a ccordance 
with component maintenance data, only whilst such components ar e fitted to 
the aircraft. Nevertheless, such A-rated approved maintenance o rganisation 
may temporarily remove a component for maintenance, in order to  improve 
access to that component, except when such removal generates th e need for 
additional maintenance not eligible for the provisions of this point. This will 
be subject to a control procedure in the maintenance organisati on exposition 
to be approved by the competent authority. The limitation secti on will 
specify the scope of such maintenance thereby indicating the ex tent of 
approval.  
5. A category B class rating  means that the approved maintenance organisation 
may carry out maintenance on the uninstalled engine and/or APU and engine 
and/or APU components, in accordance with engine and/or APU mai n­
tenance data or, if agreed by the competent authority, in accor dance with 
component maintenance data, only whilst such components are fit ted to the 
engine and/or APU. Nevertheless, such B-rated approved maintena nce organ­
isation may temporarily remove a component for maintenance, in order to 
improve access to that component, except when such removal gene rates the 
need for additional maintenance not eligible for the provisions  of this point. 
The limitation section will specify the scope of such maintenan ce thereby 
indicating the extent of approval. A maintenance organisation a pproved with 
a category B class rating may also carry out maintenance on an installed 
engine during ‘base’ and ‘line’ maintenance subject to a contro l procedure in 
the maintenance organisation exposition to be approved by the c ompetent 
authority. The maintenance organisation exposition scope of wor k shall 
reflect such activity where permitted by the competent authorit y. 
6. A category C class rating  means that the approved maintenance organisation 
may carry out maintenance on uninstalled components (excluding engines 
and APUs) intended for fitment to the aircraft or engine/APU. T he limitation 
section will specify the scope of such maintenance thereby indi cating the 
extent of approval. A maintenance organisation approved with a category C 
class rating may also carry out maintenance on an installed com ponent 
during base and line maintenance or at an engine/APU maintenanc e 
facility subject to a control procedure in the maintenance orga nisation 
exposition to be approved by the competent authority. The maint enance 
organisation exposition scope of work shall reflect such activi ty where 
permitted by the competent authority.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 77
 
7. A category D class rating  is a self contained class rating not necessarily 
related to a specific aircraft, engine or other component. The D1 — Non 
Destructive Testing (NDT) rating is only necessary for an appro ved main­
tenance organisation that carries out NDT as a particular task for another 
organisation. A maintenance organisation approved with a class rating in A 
or B or C category may carry out NDT on products it is maintain ing subject 
to the maintenance organisation exposition containing NDT proce dures, 
without the need for a D1 class rating.  
8. In the case of maintenance organisations approved in accorda nce with 
Annex II (Part-145),  category A class ratings  are subdivided into ‘Base’ 
or ‘Line’ maintenance. Such an organisation may be approved for  either 
‘Base’ or ‘Line’ maintenance or both. It should be noted that a  ‘Line’ 
facility located at a main base facility requires a ‘Line’ main tenance 
approval.  
9. The  limitation  section is intended to give the competent authorities the 
flexibility to customise the approval to any particular organis ation. Ratings 
shall be mentioned on the approval only when appropriately limi ted. The 
table referred to in point 13 specifies the types of limitation  possible. Whilst 
maintenance is listed last in each class rating it is acceptabl e to stress the 
maintenance task rather than the aircraft or engine type or man ufacturer, if 
this is more appropriate to the organisation (an example could be avionic 
systems installations and related maintenance). Such mention in  the limi­
tation section indicates that the maintenance organisation is a pproved to 
carry out maintenance up to and including this particular type/ task. 
10. When reference is made to  series, type and group  in the limitation section of 
class A and B, series means a specific type series such as Airb us 300 or 310 
or 319 or Boeing 737-300 series or RB211-524 series or Cessna 1 50 or 
Cessna 172 or Beech 55 series or continental O-200 series etc; type 
means a specific type or model such as Airbus 310-240 type or R B 211- 
524 B4 type or Cessna 172RG type; any number of series or types  may be 
quoted; group means for example Cessna single piston engine air craft or 
Lycoming non-supercharged piston engines etc.  
11. When a  lengthy capability list  is used which could be subject to frequent 
amendment, then such amendment may be in accordance with the in direct 
approval procedure referred to in points M.A.604(c) and M.B.606 (c) or 
145.A.70(c) and 145.B.40, as applicable.  
12. A maintenance organisation which employs only one person  to both plan and 
carry out all maintenance can only hold a limited scope of appr oval rating. 
The maximum permissible limits are:  
CLASS  RATING  LIMITATION  
CLASS AIRCRAFT  RATING A2 AERO­
PLANES 5 700 KG AND 
BELOW  PISTON ENGINE 5 700 KG 
AND BELOW  
CLASS AIRCRAFT  RATING A3 HELI­
COPTERS  SINGLE PISTON ENGINE 
3 175 KG AND BELOW  
CLASS AIRCRAFT  RATING A4 AIRCRAFT 
OTHER THAN A1, A2 
AND A3  NO LIMITATION  
CLASS ENGINES  RATING B2 PISTON  LESS THAN 450 HP  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 78
 
CLASS  RATING  LIMITATION  
CLASS COMPONENTS 
RATING OTHER THAN 
COMPLETE ENGINES 
OR APU'S.  C1 TO C22  AS PER CAPABILITY LIST  
CLASS SPECIALISED  D1 NDT  NDT METHOD(S) TO BE 
SPECIFIED.  
It should be noted that such an organisation may be further lim ited by the 
competent authority in the scope of approval dependent upon the  capability 
of the particular organisation.  
13. Table  
CLASS  RATING  LIMITATION  BASE  LINE  
▼M1 
AIRCRAFT  A1 Aeroplanes above 
5 700 kg  [Rating reserved to Maintenance 
Organisations approved in 
accordance with Annex II (Part 
145)] 
[Shall state aeroplane manu­
facturer or group or series or 
type and/or the maintenance tasks] 
Example: Airbus A320 Series  [YES/NO] (*)  [YES/NO] (*)  
▼M8 
A2 Aeroplanes 5 700 kg 
and below  [Shall state aeroplane manu­
facturer or group or series or 
type and/or the maintenance tasks]  
Example: DHC-6 Twin Otter 
Series  
State whether the issue of 
airworthiness review certificates 
is authorised or not  [YES/NO] (*)  [YES/NO] (*)  
▼M1 
A3 Helicopters  [Shall state helicopter manu­
facturer or group or series or 
type and/or the maintenance 
task(s)]  
Example:  Robinson R44  [YES/NO] (*)  [YES/NO] (*)  
▼M8 
A4 Aircraft other than 
A1, A2 and A3  [Shall state aircraft category 
(sailplane, balloon, airship, etc.), 
manufacturer or group or series 
or type and/or the maintenance 
task(s)] 
State whether the issue of 
airworthiness review certificates 
is authorised or not  [YES/NO] (*)  [YES/NO] (*)  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 79
 
CLASS  RATING  LIMITATION  BASE  LINE  
ENGINES  B1 Turbine  [Shall state engine series or type and/or the maintenance task (s)] 
Example: PT6A Series  
B2 Piston  [Shall state engine manufacturer or group or series or type an d/or the main­
tenance task(s)]  
B3 APU  [Shall state engine manufacturer or series or type and/or the maintenance 
task(s)]  
COMPONE­
NTS OTHER 
THAN 
COMPLETE 
ENGINES 
OR APUs  C1 Air Cond & Press  [Shall state aircraft type or aircraft manufacturer or compone nt manufacturer 
or the particular component and/or cross refer to a capability list in the 
exposition and/or the maintenance task(s).]  
Example: PT6A Fuel Control  C2 Auto Flight  
C3 Comms and Nav  
C4 Doors — Hatches  
C5 Electrical Power & 
Lights  
C6 Equipment  
C7 Engine — APU  
C8 Flight Controls  
C9 Fuel  
C10 Helicopter — 
Rotors  
C11 Helicopter — 
Trans  
C12 Hydraulic Power  
C13 Indicating — 
recording system  
C14 Landing Gear  
C15 Oxygen  
C16 Propellers  
C17 Pneumatic & 
Vacuum  
C18 Protection ice/ 
rain/fire  
C19 Windows  
C20 Structural  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 80
 
CLASS  RATING  LIMITATION  BASE  LINE  
C21 Water ballast  
C22 Propulsion 
Augmentation  
SPECIALIS­
ED 
SERVICES  D1 Non Destructive 
Testing  [Shall state particular NDT method(s)]  
▼M1 
(*) Delete as appropriate  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 81
 
Appendix V  
Maintenance Organisation Certificate referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F – EASA Form 3-MF  
Page 1 of 2  
[MEMBER STATE (*)]  
A Member of the European Union (**)  
MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION CERTIFICATE  
Reference: [MEMBER STATE CODE (*)].MF.[XXXX]  
Pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliamen t and of the Council and to Commission 
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 and subject to the conditions spec ified below, the [COMPETENT AUTHORITY 
OF THE MEMBER STATE (*)] hereby certifies:  
[COMPANY NAME AND ADDRESS]  
as a maintenance organisation in compliance with Section A, Sub part F of Annex I (Part-M) to Commission 
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, approved to maintain the products , parts and appliances listed in the attached 
terms of approval and issue related certificates of release to service using the above references and, when 
stipulated, airworthiness review certificates after an airworth iness review as specified in point ML.A.903 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML) to Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 f or those aircraft listed in the attached 
approval schedule.  
CONDITIONS:  
1. This certificate is limited to what is specified in the scop e of work section of the approved maintenance 
organisation manual as referred to in Section A, Subpart F of A nnex I (Part-M) to Commission Regulation 
(EU) No 1321/2014; and  
2. This certificate requires compliance with the procedures spe cified in the approved maintenance organisation 
manual; and  
3. This certificate is valid whilst the approved maintenance or ganisation remains in compliance with Annex I (Part- 
M) and Annex Vb (Part-ML) to Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321 /2014.  
4. Subject to compliance with the foregoing conditions, this ce rtificate shall remain valid until 24 March 2022 
unless the certificate has been surrendered, superseded, suspen ded or revoked before that date.  
Date of original issue:  
Date of this revision:  
Revision No:  
Signed:  
For the competent authority: [COMPETENT AUTHORITY OF THE MEMBER  STATE (*)]  
EASA Form 3-MF Issue 6  
(*) Or ‘EASA’, if EASA is the competent authority.  
(**) Delete for non-EU Member States or EASA.  ▼M11  02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 82
 
Page 2 of 2  
MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION TERMS OF APPROVAL  
Reference: [MEMBER STATE CODE (*)].MF.XXXX  
Organisation: [COMPANY NAME AND ADDRESS]  
CLASS  RATING  LIMITATION  
AIRCRAFT  (**)  (***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
ENGINES  (**)  (***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
COMPONENTS OTHER THAN 
COMPLETE ENGINES OR APUs  (**)  (***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
SPECIALISED SERVICES  (**)  (***)  (***)  
(***)  (***)  
These terms of approval are limited to the products, parts and appliances and to the activities specified in 
the scope of work section of the approved maintenance organisat ion manual.  
Maintenance Organisation Manual reference:  
Date of original issue:  
Date of last revision approved:  Revision No:  
Signed:  
For the competent authority:[COMPETENT AUTHORITY OF THE MEMBER STATE (*)]  
EASA Form 3-MF Issue 6  
(*) Or ‘EASA’, if EASA is the competent authority.  
(**) Delete as appropriate if the organisation is not approved.  
(***) Complete with the appropriate rating and limitation.  
(****) Complete with the appropriate limitation and state wheth er the issue of recommendations and airworthiness 
review certificates is authorised or not (only possible for ELA 1 aircraft not involved in commercial operations 
when the organisation performs the airworthiness review togethe r with the annual inspection contained in the 
AMP)  ▼M11  02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 83
 
Appendix VI  
Continuing airworthiness management organisation certificate referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart G – 
EASA Form 14-MG  
[MEMBER STATE (*)]  
A Member State of the European Union (**)  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION  
CERTIFICATE  
Reference: [MEMBER STATE CODE (*)].MG.XXXX (ref. AOC XX.XXXX)  
Pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliamen t and of the Council and to Commission 
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 for the time being in force and su bject to the condition specified below, the 
[COMPETENT AUTHORITY OF THE MEMBER STATE (*)] hereby certifies:  
[COMPANY NAME AND ADDRESS]  
as a continuing airworthiness management organisation in compli ance with Section A, Subpart G of Annex I (Part- 
M) to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, approved to manage the cont inuing airworthiness of the aircraft listed in the 
attached terms of approval and, when stipulated, to issue recom mendations and airworthiness review certificates 
after an airworthiness review as specified in point M.A.901 of Annex I (Part-M) or ML.A.901 of Annex Vb (Part- 
ML), and, when stipulated, to issue permits to fly as specified  in point M.A.711(c) of Annex I (Part-M) to that 
Regulation.  
CONDITIONS  
1. This certificate is limited to that specified in the scope o f work section of the approved continuing airworthiness 
management exposition as referred to in Section A, Subpart G of  Annex I (Part-M) to Regulation (EU) 
No 1321/2014.  
2. This certificate requires compliance with the procedures spe cified in the continuing airworthiness management 
exposition approved in accordance with Subpart G of Annex I (Pa rt-M) to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014.  
3. This certificate is valid whilst the approved continuing air worthiness management organisation remains in 
compliance with Annex I (Part-M) and, if applicable, Annex Vb ( Part-ML) to Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014.  
4. Where the continuing airworthiness management organisation c ontracts under its Quality System the service of 
an organisation or several organisations, this certificate rema ins valid subject to such organisation(s) fulfilling 
applicable contractual obligations.  
5. Subject to compliance with the conditions 1 to 4 above, this  certificate shall remain valid until 24 March 2022, 
unless the certificate has previously been surrendered, superse ded, suspended or revoked.  
If this form is also used for licenced air carriers in accordan ce with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the Air 
Operator Certificate (AOC) number shall be added to the referen ce, in addition to the standard number, and the 
condition 5 shall be replaced by the following extra conditions  6, 7 and 8:  
6. This certificate does not constitute an authorisation to ope rate the types of aircraft referred in condition 1. The 
authorisation to operate the aircraft is the AOC.  
7. Termination, suspension or revocation of the AOC automatical ly invalidates this certificate in relation to the 
aircraft registrations specified in the AOC, unless otherwise e xplicitly stated by the competent authority.  
8. Subject to compliance with conditions 1 to 4, 6 and 7, this certificate shall remain valid until 24 March 2022, 
unless the certificate has previously been surrendered, superse ded, suspended or revoked.  
Date of original issue:  
Signed:  
Date of this revision:  Revision No:  
For the Competent Authority: [COMPETENT AUTHORITY OF THE MEMBER  STATE (*)]  
Page 1 of 2  
EASA Form 14-MG Issue 6  ▼M11  02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 84
 
Page 2 of 2  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION  
TERMS OF APPROVAL  
Reference: [MEMBER STATE CODE (*)].MG.XXXX  
(ref. AOC XX.XXXX)  
Organisation: [COMPANY NAME AND ADDRESS]  
Aircraft type/series/group  Airworthiness review 
authorised  Permits to fly authorised  Organisation(s) working 
under quality system  
[YES/NO] (***)  [YES/NO] (***)  
[YES/NO] (***)  [YES/NO] (***)  
[YES/NO] (***)  [YES/NO] (***)  
[YES/NO] (***)  [YES/NO] (***)  
These terms of approval are limited to that specified in the sc ope of work contained in the approved Continuing 
Airworthiness Management Exposition section  
Continuing Airworthiness Management Exposition Reference:  
Date of original issue:  
Signed:  
Date of this revision:  Revision No:  
For the Competent Authority: [COMPETENT AUTHORITY OF THE MEMBER  STATE *]  
EASA Form 14-MG Issue 6  
(*) Or EASA if EASA is the competent authority.  
(**) Delete for non-EU Member State or EASA.  
(***) Delete as appropriate if the organisation is not approved . ▼M11  02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 85
 
Appendix VII  
Complex Maintenance Tasks  
▼M12  
The following constitutes the complex maintenance tasks referre d to in 
point M.A.801(b):  
▼B 
1. The modification, repair or replacement by riveting, bonding , laminating, or 
welding of any of the following airframe parts:  
(a) a box beam;  
(b) a wing stringer or chord member;  
(c) a spar;  
(d) a spar flange;  
(e) a member of a truss-type beam;  
(f) the web of a beam;  
(g) a keel or chine member of a flying boat hull or a float;  
(h) a corrugated sheet compression member in a wing or tail sur face;  
(i) a wing main rib;  
(j) a wing or tail surface brace strut;  
(k) an engine mount;  
(l) a fuselage longeron or frame;  
(m) a member of a side truss, horizontal truss or bulkhead;  
(n) a seat support brace or bracket;  
(o) a seat rail replacement;  
(p) a landing gear strut or brace strut;  
(q) an axle;  
(r) a wheel; and  
(s) a ski or ski pedestal, excluding the replacement of a low-f riction 
coating.  
2. The modification or repair of any of the following parts:  
(a) aircraft skin, or the skin of an aircraft float, if the wor k requires the use of 
a support, jig or fixture;  
(b) aircraft skin that is subject to pressurization loads, if t he damage to the 
skin measures more than 15 cm (6 inches) in any direction;  
(c) a load-bearing part of a control system, including a contro l column, pedal, 
shaft, quadrant, bell crank, torque tube, control horn and forg ed or cast 
bracket, but excluding  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 86
 
(i) the swaging of a repair splice or cable fitting, and  
(ii) the replacement of a push-pull tube end fitting that is at tached by 
riveting; and  
(d) any other structure, not listed in (1), that a manufacturer  has identified as 
primary structure in its maintenance manual, structural repair manual or 
instructions for continuing airworthiness.  
3. The performance of the following maintenance on a piston eng ine: 
(a) dismantling and subsequent reassembling of a piston engine other than (i) 
to obtain access to the piston/cylinder assemblies; or (ii) to remove the 
rear accessory cover to inspect and/or replace oil pump assembl ies, where 
such work does not involve the removal and re-fitment of intern al gears;  
(b) dismantling and subsequent reassembling of reduction gears;  
(c) welding and brazing of joints, other than minor weld repair s to exhaust 
units carried out by a suitably approved or authorised welder b ut 
excluding component replacement;  
(d) the disturbing of individual parts of units which are suppl ied as bench 
tested units, except for the replacement or adjustment of items  normally 
replaceable or adjustable in service.  
4. The balancing of a propeller, except:  
(a) for the certification of static balancing where required by  the maintenance 
manual;  
(b) dynamic balancing on installed propellers using electronic balancing 
equipment where permitted by the maintenance manual or other 
approved airworthiness data;  
5. Any additional task that requires:  
(a) specialized tooling, equipment or facilities; or  
(b) significant coordination procedures because of the extensiv e duration of 
the tasks and the involvement of several persons.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 87
 
Appendix VIII  
limited Pilot-owner maintenance  
In addition to the requirements laid down in Annex I (Part-M), the following 
basic principles are to be complied with before any maintenance  task is carried 
out under the terms of Pilot-owner maintenance:  
(a) Competence and responsibility  
1. The Pilot-owner is always responsible for any maintenance th at he 
performs.  
2. Before carrying out any Pilot-owner maintenance tasks, the P ilot-owner 
must satisfy himself that he is competent to do the task. It is  the respon­
sibility of Pilot-owners to familiarize themselves with the sta ndard main­
tenance practices for their aircraft and with the aircraft main tenance 
programme. If the Pilot-owner is not competent for the task to be 
carried out, the task cannot be released by the Pilot-owner.  
▼M8 
3. The Pilot-owner (or his contracted CAMO or CAO) is responsib le for 
identifying the Pilot-owner tasks according to these basic prin ciples in the 
maintenance programme and for ensuring that the document is upd ated in 
a timely manner.  
▼B 
4. The approval of the maintenance programme has to be carried out in 
accordance with point M.A.302.  
(b) Tasks  
The Pilot-owner may carry out simple visual inspections or oper ations to 
check for general condition and obvious damage and normal opera tion of the 
airframe, engines, systems and components.  
Maintenance tasks shall not be carried out by the Pilot-owner w hen the task:  
▼M2 
1. is a critical maintenance task  
▼B 
2. requires the removal of major components or major assembly a nd/or;  
3. is carried out in compliance with an Airworthiness Directive  or an 
Airworthiness Limitation Item, unless specifically allowed in t he AD or 
the ALI and/or;  
4. requires the use of special tools, calibrated tools (except torque wrench 
and crimping tool) and/or;  
5. requires the use of test equipments or special testing (e.g.  NDT, system 
tests or operational checks for avionic equipment) and/or;  
6. is composed of any unscheduled special inspections (e.g. hea vy landing 
check) and/or;  
7. is effecting systems essential for the IFR operations and/or ; 
8. is listed in Appendix VII to this Annex or is a component ma intenance 
task in accordance with points M.A.502(a), (b), (c) or (d) and/ or; ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 88
 
▼C1 __________  
▼M1 
The criteria 1 to 9 cannot be overridden by less restrictive in structions issued 
in accordance with ‘M.A.302(d) Maintenance Programme’.  
▼B 
Any task described in the aircraft flight manual as preparing t he aircraft for 
flight (Example: assembling the glider wings or pre-flight), is  considered to 
be a pilot task and is not considered a Pilot-owner maintenance  task and 
therefore does not require a Certificate of Release to Service.  
(c) Performance of the maintenance Pilot-owner tasks and record s 
The maintenance data as specified in point M.A.401 must be alwa ys 
available during the conduct of Pilot-owner maintenance and mus t be 
complied with. Details of the data referred to in the conduct o f 
Pilot-owner maintenance must be included in the Certificate of Release to 
Service in accordance with point M.A.803(d).  
The Pilot-owner must inform the approved continuing airworthine ss 
management organisation responsible for the continuing airworth iness of 
the aircraft (if applicable) not later than 30 days after compl etion of the 
Pilot-owner maintenance task in accordance with point M.A.305(a ). ▼M6 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 89
 
ANNEX II  
(Part-145)  
CONTENTS  
145.1  General  
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
145.A.10 Scope  
145.A.15 Application  
145.A.20 Terms of approval  
145.A.25 Facility requirements  
145.A.30 Personnel requirements  
145.A.35 Certifying staff and support staff  
▼M1 
145.A.36 Records of airworthiness review staff  
▼M5 
145.A.40 Equipment and tools  
145.A.42 Components  
▼B 
145.A.45 Maintenance data  
145.A.47 Production planning  
▼M2 
145.A.48 Performance of maintenance  
▼B 
145.A.50 Certification of maintenance  
▼M1 
145.A.55 Maintenance and airworthiness review records  
▼B 
145.A.60 Occurrence reporting  
145.A.65 Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality 
system  
145.A.70 Maintenance organisation exposition  
145.A.75 Privileges of the organisation  
145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation  
145.A.85 Changes to the organisation  
145.A.90 Continued validity  
145.A.95 Findings  
SECTION B — PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
145.B.1 Scope  
145.B.10 Competent authority  
145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States  
145.B.20 Initial approval  
145.B.25 Issue of approval  
145.B.30 Continuation of an approval  
145.B.35 Changes  
145.B.40 Changes to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition  
145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval  
145.B.50 Findings  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 90
 
145.B.55 Record-keeping  
145.B.60 Exemptions  
Appendix I — Authorised Release Certificate EASA Form 1  
Appendix II — Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of  Maintenance 
Organisations referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and in Annex II (Part-145)  
Appendix III — Maintenance Organisation Certificate — EASA Form  3-145  
Appendix IV — Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with 
Annex III (Part-66) referred to in points 145.A.30(j) 1 and 2  
145.1  General  
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be:  
1. for organisations having their principal place of business i n a Member State, 
the authority designated by that Member State, or;  
2. for organisations having their principal place of business l ocated in a third 
country, the Agency.  
SECTION A  
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
145.A.10  Scope  
This Section establishes the requirements to be met by an organ isation 
to qualify for the issue or continuation of an approval for the  main­
tenance of aircraft and components.  
145.A.15  Application  
An application for the issue or change of an approval shall be made to 
the competent authority in a form and manner established by suc h 
authority.  
145.A.20  Terms of Approval  
The organisation shall specify the scope of work deemed to cons titute 
approval in its exposition (Appendix IV to Annex I (Part-M) con tains 
a table of all classes and ratings).  
145.A.25  Facility requirements  
The organisation shall ensure that:  
(a) Facilities are provided appropriate for all planned work, e nsuring 
in particular, protection from the weather elements. Specialise d 
workshops and bays are segregated as appropriate, to ensure 
that environmental and work area contamination is unlikely to 
occur.  
1. For base maintenance of aircraft, aircraft hangars are both 
available and large enough to accommodate aircraft on 
planned base maintenance;  
2. For component maintenance, component workshops are large 
enough to accommodate the components on planned 
maintenance.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 91
 
(b) Office accommodation is provided for the management of the 
planned work referred to in point (a), and certifying staff so 
that they can carry out their designated tasks in a manner that  
contributes to good aircraft maintenance standards.  
(c) The working environment including aircraft hangars, compone nt 
workshops and office accommodation is appropriate for the task 
carried out and in particular special requirements observed. Un less 
otherwise dictated by the particular task environment, the work ing 
environment must be such that the effectiveness of personnel is  
not impaired:  
1. temperatures must be maintained such that personnel can carr y 
out required tasks without undue discomfort.  
2. dust and any other airborne contamination are kept to a 
minimum and not be permitted to reach a level in the work 
task area where visible aircraft/component surface contamina­
tion is evident. Where dust/other airborne contamination result s 
in visible surface contamination, all susceptible systems are 
sealed until acceptable conditions are re-established.  
3. lighting is such as to ensure each inspection and maintenanc e 
task can be carried out in an effective manner.  
4. noise shall not distract personnel from carrying out inspect ion 
tasks. Where it is impractical to control the noise source, suc h 
personnel are provided with the necessary personal equipment 
to stop excessive noise causing distraction during inspection 
tasks.  
5. where a particular maintenance task requires the application  of 
specific environmental conditions different to the foregoing, 
then such conditions are observed. Specific conditions are 
identified in the maintenance data.  
6. the working environment for line maintenance is such that th e 
particular maintenance or inspection task can be carried out 
without undue distraction. Therefore where the working envi­
ronment deteriorates to an unacceptable level in respect of 
temperature, moisture, hail, ice, snow, wind, light, dust/other  
airborne contamination, the particular maintenance or 
inspection tasks must be suspended until satisfactory 
conditions are re-established.  
(d) Secure storage facilities are provided for components, equi pment, 
tools and material. Storage conditions ensure segregation of 
serviceable components and material from unserviceable aircraft  
components, material, equipment and tools. The conditions of 
storage are in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions to 
prevent deterioration and damage of stored items. Access to 
storage facilities is restricted to authorised personnel.  
145.A.30  Personnel requirements  
(a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager who h as 
corporate authority for ensuring that all maintenance required by 
the customer can be financed and carried out to the standard 
required by this Part. The accountable manager shall:  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 92
 
1. ensure that all necessary resources are available to accompl ish 
maintenance in accordance with point 145.A.65(b) to support 
the organisation approval.  
2. establish and promote the safety and quality policy specifie d in 
point 145.A.65(a).  
3. demonstrate a basic understanding of this Annex (Part-145).  
(b) The organisation shall nominate a person or group of person s, 
whose responsibilities include ensuring that the organisation 
complies with this Part. Such person(s) shall ultimately be 
responsible to the accountable manager.  
1. The person or persons nominated shall represent the main­
tenance management structure of the organisation and be 
responsible for all functions specified in this Part.  
2. The person or persons nominated shall be identified and thei r 
credentials submitted in a form and manner established by the 
competent authority.  
3. The person or persons nominated shall be able to demonstrate  
relevant knowledge, background and satisfactory experience 
related to aircraft or component maintenance and demonstrate 
a working knowledge of this Part.  
4. Procedures shall make clear who deputises for any particular  
person in the case of lengthy absence of the said person.  
(c) The accountable manager under point (a) shall appoint a per son 
with responsibility for monitoring the quality system, includin g the 
associated feedback system as required by point 145.A.65(c). Th e 
appointed person shall have direct access to the accountable 
manager to ensure that the accountable manager is kept properly  
informed on quality and compliance matters.  
(d) The organisation shall have a maintenance man-hour plan sho wing 
that the organisation has sufficient staff to plan, perform, 
supervise, inspect and quality monitor the organisation in 
accordance with the approval. In addition the organisation shal l 
have a procedure to reassess work intended to be carried out wh en 
actual staff availability is less than the planned staffing lev el for 
any particular work shift or period.  
(e) ►M8 The organisation shall establish and control the competence 
of personnel involved in any maintenance, airworthiness reviews , 
management and/or quality audits in accordance with a procedure  
and to a standard agreed by the competent authority. ◄ In addit ion 
to the necessary expertise related to the job function, compete nce 
must include an understanding of the application of human facto rs 
and human performance issues appropriate to that person's 
function in the organisation. ‘Human factors’ means principles 
which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training, 
operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface 
between the human and other system components by proper con­
sideration of human performance. ‘Human performance’ means 
human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the 
safety and efficiency of aeronautical operations.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 93
 
(f) The organisation shall ensure that personnel who carry out or 
control a continued-airworthiness non-destructive test of aircr aft 
structures or components, or both, are appropriately qualified for 
the particular non-destructive test in accordance with the Euro pean 
or equivalent standard recognised by the Agency. Personnel who 
carry out any other specialised task shall be appropriately qua lified 
in accordance with officially recognised standards. By derogati on 
from this point, personnel referred to in point (g), points (h) (1) and 
(h)(2), qualified in category B1, B3 or L in accordance with 
Annex III (Part-66), may carry out and/or control colour contra st 
dye penetrant tests.  
(g) Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated 
otherwise in point (j), shall in the case of aircraft line main tenance, 
have appropriate aircraft-rated certifying staff qualified as c ategory 
B1, B2, B2L, B3 and L, as appropriate, in accordance with 
Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35.  
In addition such organisations may also use appropriately 
task-trained certifying staff holding the privileges set out in  
points 66.A.20(a)(1) and 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) and qualified in 
accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35 to carry  
out minor scheduled line maintenance and simple defect rectifi­
cation. The availability of such certifying staff shall not rep lace the 
need for category B1, B2, B2L, B3 and L certifying staff, as 
appropriate.  
(h) Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated 
otherwise in point (j), shall:  
1. in the case of base maintenance of complex motor-powered 
aircraft, have appropriate aircraft-type-rated certifying staff , 
qualified as category C in accordance with Annex III (Part- 
66) and point 145.A.35. In addition, the organisation shall 
have sufficient aircraft-type-rated staff qualified as category  
B1 and B2, as appropriate, in accordance with Annex III 
(Part-66) and point 145.A.35 to support the category C 
certifying staff.  
(i) Category B1 and B2 support staff shall ensure that all 
relevant tasks or inspections have been carried out to the 
required standard before the category C certifying staff 
issues the certificate of release to service.  
(ii) The organisation shall maintain a register of any such 
category B1 and B2 support staff.  
(iii) The category C certifying staff shall ensure that 
compliance with point (i) has been met and that all work 
required by the customer has been accomplished during 
the particular base maintenance check or work package, 
and shall also assess the impact of any work not carried 
out, with a view to either requiring its accomplishment or 
agreeing with the operator to defer such work to another 
specified check or time limit.  
2. in the case of base maintenance of aircraft other than compl ex 
motor-powered aircraft, have one of the following:  
(i) appropriate aircraft-rated certifying staff, qualified as 
category B1, B2, B2L, B3 and L, as appropriate, in 
accordance with Annex III (Part-66) and point 145.A.35;  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 94
 
(ii) appropriate aircraft-rated certifying staff, qualified in 
category C and assisted by support staff, as set out in 
point 145.A.35(a)(i).  
(i) Component certifying staff shall be qualified in accordance  with 
Article 5(6) and point 145.A.35.  
▼B 
(j) By derogation to points (g) and (h), in relation to the obl igation to 
comply with Annex III (Part-66), the organisation may use 
certifying staff qualified in accordance with the following 
provisions:  
1. For organisation facilities located outside the Community 
territory certifying staff may be qualified in accordance with 
the national aviation regulations of the State in which the 
organisation facility is registered subject to the conditions 
specified in Appendix IV to this Part.  
2. For line maintenance carried out at a line station of an org anis­
ation which is located outside the Community territory, the 
certifying staff may be qualified in accordance with the 
national aviation regulations of the State in which the line 
station is based, subject to the conditions specified in 
Appendix IV to this Part.  
3. For a repetitive pre-flight airworthiness directive which 
specifically states that the flight crew may carry out such 
airworthiness directive, the organisation may issue a limited 
certification authorisation to the aircraft commander and/or 
the flight engineer on the basis of the flight crew licence 
held. However, the organisation shall ensure that sufficient 
practical training has been carried out to ensure that such 
aircraft commander or flight engineer can accomplish the 
airworthiness directive to the required standard.  
4. In the case of aircraft operating away from a supported loca tion 
the organisation may issue a limited certification authorisatio n 
to the commander and/or the flight engineer on the basis of the  
flight crew licence held subject to being satisfied that suffic ient 
practical training has been carried out to ensure that the 
commander or flight engineer can accomplish the specified 
task to the required standard. The provisions of this 
point shall be detailed in an exposition procedure.  
5. In the following unforeseen cases, where an aircraft is grou nded 
at a location other than the main base where no appropriate 
certifying staff are available, the organisation contracted to 
provide maintenance support may issue a one-off certification 
authorisation:  
(i) to one of its employees holding equivalent type authoris­
ations on aircraft of similar technology, construction and 
systems; or  
(ii) to any person with not less than five years maintenance 
experience and holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance 
licence rated for the aircraft type requiring certification 
provided there is no organisation appropriately approved 
under this Part at that location and the contracted organis­
ation obtains and holds on file evidence of the experience 
and the licence of that person.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 95
 
►M1 All such cases as specified in this point must be reported to the 
competent authority within seven days after issuing such certif ication 
authorisation. ◄ The organisation issuing the one-off authorisa tion 
shall ensure that any such maintenance that could affect flight  safety 
is re-checked by an appropriately approved organisation.  
▼M8 
(k) If the organisation performs airworthiness reviews and issu es the 
corresponding airworthiness review certificate in accordance wi th 
point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), it shall have 
airworthiness review staff qualified and authorised and meeting  
all of the following requirements:  
1. shall hold a certifying staff authorisation for the correspo nding 
aircraft;  
2. shall have at least three years of experience as certifying staff;  
3. shall be independent from the continuing airworthiness 
management process of the aircraft being reviewed or shall 
have overall authority on the continuing airworthiness 
management process of the complete aircraft being reviewed;  
4. shall have acquired knowledge of Subpart C of this 
Annex (Part-M) or Subpart C of Annex Vb (Part-ML);  
5. shall have acquired proven knowledge of the procedures of th e 
maintenance organisation relevant to the airworthiness review 
and issue of the airworthiness review certificate;  
6. shall have been formally accepted by the competent authority  
after having performed an airworthiness review under the 
supervision of the competent authority or under the supervision  
of the organisation's airworthiness review staff in accordance 
with a procedure approved by the competent authority;  
7. shall have performed at least one airworthiness review in th e 
last twelve-month period.  
▼M6 
▼C1 __________  
▼B 
145.A.35  Certifying staff and support staff  
▼M5 
(a) In addition to the requirements of points 145.A.30(g) and ( h), the 
organisation shall ensure that certifying staff and support sta ff 
have an adequate understanding of the relevant aircraft or 
components, or both, to be maintained and of the associated 
organisation procedures. In the case of certifying staff, this 
shall be accomplished before the issue or reissue of the certif i­
cation authorisation.  
1. ‘Support staff’ means those staff holding an aircraft main­
tenance licence under Annex III (Part-66) in category B1, 
B2, B2L, B3 and/or L with the appropriate aircraft ratings, 
working in a base maintenance environment while not 
necessarily holding certification privileges.  
2. ‘Relevant aircraft and/or components’, means those aircraft or 
components specified in the particular certification 
authorisation.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 96
 
3. ‘Certification authorisation’ means the authorisation issued  to 
certifying staff by the organisation and which specifies the fa ct 
that those staff may sign certificates of release to service 
within the limitations stated in such authorisation on behalf 
of the approved organisation.  
(b) Except for the cases listed in points 145.A.30(j) and 
66.A.20(a)3(ii), the organisation may only issue a certificatio n 
authorisation to certifying staff in relation to the basic cate gories 
or subcategories and, except for the category A licence, any ty pe 
rating listed on the aircraft maintenance licence as required b y 
Annex III (Part-66), subject to the licence remaining valid 
throughout the validity period of the authorisation and to the 
certifying staff remaining in compliance with Annex III (Part-6 6). 
▼B 
(c) The organisation shall ensure that all certifying staff and  support 
staff are involved in at least 6 months of actual relevant airc raft 
or component maintenance experience in any consecutive 2-year 
period.  
For the purpose of this point ‘involved in actual relevant airc raft 
or component maintenance’ means that the person has worked in 
an aircraft or component maintenance environment and has either  
exercised the privileges of the certification authorisation and /or 
has actually carried out maintenance on at least some of the 
aircraft type or aircraft group systems specified in the partic ular 
certification authorisation.  
(d) The organisation shall ensure that all certifying staff and  support 
staff receive sufficient continuation training in each two year  
period to ensure that such staff have up-to-date knowledge of 
relevant technology, organisation procedures and human factor 
issues.  
(e) The organisation shall establish a programme for continuati on 
training for certifying staff and support staff, including a 
procedure to ensure compliance with the relevant points of 
145.A.35 as the basis for issuing certification authorisations 
under this Part to certifying staff, and a procedure to ensure 
compliance with Annex III (Part-66).  
(f) Except where any of the unforeseen cases of point 145.A.30( j)(5) 
apply, the organisation shall assess all prospective certifying  staff 
for their competence, qualification and capability to carry out  
their intended certifying duties in accordance with a procedure  
as specified in the exposition prior to the issue or re-issue o f a 
certification authorisation under this Part.  
(g) When the conditions of points (a), (b), (d), (f) and, where  
applicable, point (c) have been fulfilled by the certifying sta ff, 
the organisation shall issue a certification authorisation that  
clearly specifies the scope and limits of such authorisation. 
Continued validity of the certification authorisation is depend ent 
upon continued compliance with points (a), (b), (d), and where 
applicable, (c).  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 97
 
(h) The certification authorisation must be in a style that mak es its 
scope clear to the certifying staff and any authorised person w ho 
may require to examine the authorisation. Where codes are used 
to define scope, the organisation shall make a code translation  
readily available. ‘Authorised person’ means the officials of t he 
competent authorities, the Agency and the Member State who has 
responsibility for the oversight of the maintained aircraft or 
component.  
(i) The person responsible for the quality system shall also re main 
responsible on behalf of the organisation for issuing certifica tion 
authorisations to certifying staff. Such person may nominate ot her 
persons to actually issue or revoke the certification authorisa tions 
in accordance with a procedure as specified in the exposition.  
(j) The organisation shall maintain a record of all certifying staff and 
support staff, which shall contain:  
1. the details of any aircraft maintenance licence held under 
Annex III (Part-66); and  
2. all relevant training completed; and  
3. the scope of the certification authorisations issued, where 
relevant; and  
4. particulars of staff with limited or one-off certification 
authorisations.  
The organisation shall retain the record for at least three yea rs 
after the staff referred to in this point have ceased employmen t 
with the organisation or as soon as the authorisation has been 
withdrawn. In addition, upon request, the maintenance organis­
ation shall furnish the staff referred to in this point with a copy of 
their personal record on leaving the organisation.  
The staff referred to in this point shall be given access on re quest 
to their personal records as detailed above.  
(k) The organisation shall provide certifying staff with a copy  of their 
certification authorisation in either a documented or electroni c 
format.  
(l) Certifying staff shall produce their certification authoris ation to 
any authorised person within 24 hours.  
(m) The minimum age for certifying staff and support staff is 2 1 
years.  
(n) The holder of a category A aircraft maintenance licence may  only 
exercise certification privileges on a specific aircraft type 
following the satisfactory completion of the relevant category A 
aircraft task training carried out by an organisation appropria tely 
approved in accordance with Annex II (Part-145) or Annex IV 
(Part-147). This training shall include practical hands on trai ning 
and theoretical training as appropriate for each task authorise d. 
Satisfactory completion of training shall be demonstrated by an  
examination or by workplace assessment carried out by the 
organisation.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 98
 
(o) The holder of a category B2 aircraft maintenance licence ma y 
only exercise the certification privileges described in 
point 66.A.20(a)(3)(ii) of Annex III (Part-66) following the sa tis­
factory completion of (i) the relevant category A aircraft task  
training and (ii) 6 months of documented practical experience 
covering the scope of the authorisation that will be issued. Th e 
task training shall include practical hands on training and the or­
etical training as appropriate for each task authorised. Satisf actory 
completion of training shall be demonstrated by an examination 
or by workplace assessment. Task training and examination/ 
assessment shall be carried out by the maintenance organisation  
issuing the certifying staff authorisation. The practical exper ience 
shall be also obtained within such maintenance organisation.  
▼M1 
145.A.36  Records of airworthiness review staff  
The organisation shall record all details concerning the airwor thiness 
review staff and maintain a current list of all the airworthine ss review 
staff together with their scope of approval as part of the orga nisation's 
exposition pursuant to point 145.A.70(a)6.  
The organisation shall retain the record for at least three yea rs after the 
staff referred to in this point have ceased employment (or enga gement 
as a contractor or volunteer) with the organisation or as soon as the 
authorisation has been withdrawn. In addition, upon request, th e main­
tenance organisation shall provide the staff referred to in thi s 
point with a copy of their personal record on leaving the organ isation.  
The staff referred to in this point shall be given access on re quest to 
their personal records.  
▼M5 
145.A.40  Equipment and tools  
(a) The organisation shall have available and use the necessary  
equipment and tools to perform the approved scope of work.  
(i) Where the manufacturer specifies a particular tool or 
equipment, the organisation shall use that tool or equipment, 
unless the use of alternative tooling or equipment is agreed by  
the competent authority via procedures specified in the 
exposition.  
(ii) Equipment and tools must be permanently available, except in 
the case of any tool or equipment that is so infrequently used 
that its permanent availability is not necessary. Such cases 
shall be detailed in an exposition procedure.  
(iii) An organisation approved for base maintenance shall have 
sufficient aircraft access equipment and inspection platforms/ 
docking as required for the proper inspection of the aircraft.  
▼B 
(b) The organisation shall ensure that all tools, equipment and  partic­
ularly test equipment, as appropriate, are controlled and calib rated 
according to an officially recognised standard at a frequency t o 
ensure serviceability and accuracy. Records of such calibration s 
and traceability to the standard used shall be kept by the 
organisation.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 99
 
145.A.42  Components  
(a) Classification of components. All components shall be class ified 
into the following categories:  
(i) Components which are in a satisfactory condition, released on 
an EASA Form 1 or equivalent and marked in accordance 
with Subpart Q of the Annex I (Part 21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012, unless otherwise specified in Annex I (Part 21) 
to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 or in this Annex II 
(Part 145).  
(ii) Unserviceable components which shall be maintained in 
accordance with this Regulation.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(iii) Components categorised as unsalvageable because they have  
reached their mandatory life limitation or contain a non- 
repairable defect.  
▼M5 
(iv) Standard parts used on an aircraft, engine, propeller or o ther 
aircraft component when specified in the maintenance data 
and accompanied by evidence of conformity traceable to the 
applicable standard.  
(v) Material, both raw and consumable, used in the course of 
maintenance when the organisation is satisfied that the 
material meets the required specification and has appropriate 
traceability. All material shall be accompanied by documen­
tation clearly relating to the particular material and containi ng 
a conformity to specification statement as well as the manu­
facturing and supplier source.  
(b) Components, standard parts and materials for installation  
(i) The organisation shall establish procedures for the accepta nce 
of components, standard parts and materials for installation to  
ensure that components, standard parts and materials are in 
satisfactory condition and meet the applicable requirements of 
point (a).  
(ii) The organisation shall establish procedures to ensure that  
components, standard parts and materials shall only be 
installed on an aircraft or a component when they are in 
satisfactory condition, meet the applicable requirements of 
point (a) and the applicable maintenance data specifies the 
particular component, standard part or material.  
(iii) The organisation may fabricate a restricted range of part s to 
be used in the course of undergoing work within its own 
facilities, provided procedures are identified in the expositio n. 
(iv) Components referred to in point 21.A.307(c) of the Annex I  
(Part 21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 shall only be 
installed if considered eligible for installation by the aircra ft 
owner on its own aircraft.  
(c) Segregation of components  
(i) Unserviceable and unsalvageable components shall be 
segregated from serviceable components, standards parts and 
materials.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 100
 
▼C1 
(ii) Unsalvageable components shall not be permitted to re-ente r 
the component supply system, unless mandatory life limitation 
have been extended or a repair solution has been approved in 
accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
▼B 
145.A.45  Maintenance data  
(a) The organisation shall hold and use applicable current main tenance 
data in the performance of maintenance, including modifications  
and repairs. ‘Applicable’ means relevant to any aircraft, 
component or process specified in the organisation's approval 
class rating schedule and in any associated capability list.  
In the case of maintenance data provided by an operator or 
customer, the organisation shall hold such data when the work i s 
in progress, with the exception of the need to comply with 
point 145.A.55(c).  
(b) For the purposes of this Part, applicable maintenance data shall be 
any of the following:  
1. Any applicable requirement, procedure, operational directive  or 
information issued by the authority responsible for the oversig ht 
of the aircraft or component;  
2. Any applicable airworthiness directive issued by the authori ty 
responsible for the oversight of the aircraft or component;  
3. Instructions for continuing airworthiness, issued by type ce rtifi­
cate holders, supplementary type certificate holders, any other  
organisation required to publish such data by Annex I (Part-21)  
to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 and in the case of aircraft or 
components from third countries the airworthiness data 
mandated by the authority responsible for the oversight of the 
aircraft or component;  
4. Any applicable standard, such as but not limited to, main­
tenance standard practices recognised by the Agency as a 
good standard for maintenance;  
5. Any applicable data issued in accordance with point (d).  
(c) The organisation shall establish procedures to ensure that if found, 
any inaccurate, incomplete or ambiguous procedure, practice, 
information or maintenance instruction contained in the main­
tenance data used by maintenance personnel is recorded and 
notified to the author of the maintenance data.  
(d) The organisation may only modify maintenance instructions i n 
accordance with a procedure specified in the maintenance organi ­
sation's exposition. With respect to those changes, the organis ation 
shall demonstrate that they result in equivalent or improved ma in­
tenance standards and shall inform the type-certificate holder of 
such changes. Maintenance instructions for the purposes of this  
point means instructions on how to carry out the particular mai n­
tenance task: they exclude the engineering design of repairs an d 
modifications.  ▼M6 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 101
 
(e) The organisation shall provide a common work card or worksh eet 
system to be used throughout relevant parts of the organisation . In 
addition, the organisation shall either transcribe accurately t he 
maintenance data contained in points (b) and (d) onto such work  
cards or worksheets or make precise reference to the particular  
maintenance task or tasks contained in such maintenance data. 
Work cards and worksheets may be computer generated and 
held on an electronic database subject to both adequate safegua rds 
against unauthorised alteration and a back-up electronic databa se 
which shall be updated within 24 hours of any entry made to the  
main electronic database. Complex maintenance tasks shall be 
transcribed onto the work cards or worksheets and subdivided 
into clear stages to ensure a record of the accomplishment of t he 
complete maintenance task.  
Where the organisation provides a maintenance service to an 
aircraft operator who requires their work card or worksheet 
system to be used then such work card or worksheet system 
may be used. In this case, the organisation shall establish a 
procedure to ensure correct completion of the aircraft operator s' 
work cards or worksheets.  
(f) The organisation shall ensure that all applicable maintenan ce data 
is readily available for use when required by maintenance 
personnel.  
(g) The organisation shall establish a procedure to ensure that  main­
tenance data it controls is kept up to date. In the case of ope rator/ 
customer controlled and provided maintenance data, the organis­
ation shall be able to show that either it has written confirma tion 
from the operator/customer that all such maintenance data is up  to 
date or it has work orders specifying the amendment status of t he 
maintenance data to be used or it can show that it is on the 
operator/customer maintenance data amendment list.  
145.A.47  Production planning  
(a) The organisation shall have a system appropriate to the amo unt 
and complexity of work to plan the availability of all necessar y 
personnel, tools, equipment, material, maintenance data and 
facilities in order to ensure the safe completion of the mainte nance 
work.  
(b) The planning of maintenance tasks, and the organising of sh ifts, 
shall take into account human performance limitations.  
(c) When it is required to hand over the continuation or comple tion of 
maintenance tasks for reasons of a shift or personnel changeove r, 
relevant information shall be adequately communicated between 
outgoing and incoming personnel.  
▼M2 
145.A.48  Performance of maintenance  
The organisation shall establish procedures to ensure that:  
(a) after completion of maintenance a general verification is c arried 
out to ensure that the aircraft or component is clear of all to ols, 
equipment and any extraneous parts or material, and that all ac cess 
panels removed have been refitted;  
(b) an error capturing method is implemented after the performa nce of 
any critical maintenance task;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 102
 
(c) the risk of multiple errors during maintenance and the risk  of 
errors being repeated in identical maintenance tasks are minimi sed; 
and, 
▼M8 
(d) damage is assessed and modifications and repairs are carrie d out 
using data specified in point M.A.304 of Annex I (Part-M) or 
ML.A.304 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
▼B 
145.A.50  Certification of maintenance  
(a) A certificate of release to service shall be issued by appr opriately 
authorised certifying staff on behalf of the organisation when it 
has been verified that all maintenance ordered has been properl y 
carried out by the organisation in accordance with the procedur es 
specified in point 145.A.70, taking into account the availabili ty 
and use of the maintenance data specified in point 145.A.45 and  
that there are no non-compliances which are known to endanger 
flight safety.  
(b) A certificate of release to service shall be issued before flight at 
the completion of any maintenance.  
(c) New defects or incomplete maintenance work orders identifie d 
during the above maintenance shall be brought to the attention 
of the aircraft operator for the specific purpose of obtaining 
agreement to rectify such defects or completing the missing 
elements of the maintenance work order. In the case where the 
aircraft operator declines to have such maintenance carried out  
under this point, point (e) is applicable.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(d) A certificate of release to service shall be issued after t he required 
maintenance on a component whilst off the aircraft has been 
carried out.  ►M8 The authorised release certificate ‘EASA 
Form 1’ referred to in Appendix II of Annex I (Part M) 
constitutes the component certificate of release to service exc ept 
if otherwise specified in point M.A.502 of Annex I (Part-M) or 
ML.A.502 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable. ◄ When an 
organisation maintains a component for its own use, an EASA 
Form 1 may not be necessary depending upon the organisation's 
internal release procedures defined in the exposition.  
▼B 
(e) By derogation to point (a), when the organisation is unable  to 
complete all maintenance ordered, it may issue a certificate of  
release to service within the approved aircraft limitations. Th e 
organisation shall enter such fact in the aircraft certificate of 
release to service before the issue of such certificate.  
(f) By derogation to points (a) and 145.A.42, when an aircraft is 
grounded at a location other than the main line station or main  
maintenance base due to the non-availability of a component wit h 
the appropriate release certificate, it is permissible to tempo rarily 
fit a component without the appropriate release certificate for  a  
maximum of 30 flight hours or until the aircraft first returns to 
the main line station or main maintenance base, whichever is th e 
sooner, subject to the aircraft operator agreement and said 
component having a suitable release certificate but otherwise i n 
compliance with all applicable maintenance and operational 
requirements. Such components shall be removed by the above 
prescribed time limit unless an appropriate release certificate  has 
been obtained in the meantime under points (a) and 145.A.42.  ▼M2 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 103
 
145.A.55  Maintenance and airworthiness review records  
▼M8 
(a) The organisation shall record all details of maintenance wo rk 
carried out. As a minimum, the organisation shall retain record s 
necessary to prove that all requirements have been met for the 
issue of the certificate of release to service, including subco n­
tractor's release documents, and for the issue of any airworthi ness 
review certificate.  
(b) The organisation shall provide a copy of each certificate o f release 
to service to the aircraft owner or operator, together with a c opy of 
any detailed maintenance record associated with the work carrie d 
out and necessary to demonstrate compliance with point M.A.305 
of Annex I (Part-M) or ML.A.305 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(c) ►M8 The organisation shall retain a copy of all detailed main­
tenance records and any associated maintenance data for three 
years from the date on which the aircraft or component to which  
the work relates was issued with a certificate of release to se rvice. 
In addition, it shall retain a copy of all the records related to the 
issue of airworthiness review certificates for three years from  the 
date of issue and shall provide a copy of them to the owner of the 
aircraft. ◄  
1. The records under this point shall be stored in a manner tha t 
ensures protection from damage, alteration and theft.  
2. All computer hardware used to ensure backup shall be stored in 
a different location from that containing the working data in a n 
environment that ensures they remain in good condition.  
3. When an organisation approved under this Annex terminates it s 
operations, all retained maintenance records from the period of  
three years preceding the termination of operations of the 
organisation shall be distributed to the last owner or customer  
of respective aircraft or component or shall be stored in a way  
specified by the competent authority.  
▼B 
145.A.60  Occurrence reporting  
(a) The organisation shall report to the competent authority, t he state 
of registry and the organisation responsible for the design of the 
aircraft or component any condition of the aircraft or componen t 
identified by the organisation that has resulted or may result in an 
unsafe condition that hazards seriously the flight safety.  
(b) The organisation shall establish an internal occurrence rep orting 
system as detailed in the exposition to enable the collection a nd 
evaluation of such reports, including the assessment and extrac tion 
of those occurrences to be reported under point (a). This proce dure 
shall identify adverse trends, corrective actions taken or to b e 
taken by the organisation to address deficiencies and include 
evaluation of all known relevant information relating to such 
occurrences and a method to circulate the information as 
necessary.  
(c) The organisation shall make such reports in a form and mann er 
established by the Agency and ensure that they contain all 
pertinent information about the condition and evaluation result s 
known to the organisation.  ▼M1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 104
 
(d) Where the organisation is contracted by a commercial operat or to 
carry out maintenance, the organisation shall also report to th e 
operator any such condition affecting the operator's aircraft o r 
component.  
(e) The organisation shall produce and submit such reports as s oon as 
practicable but in any case within 72 hours of the organisation  
identifying the condition to which the report relates.  
145.A.65  Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality 
system  
(a) The organisation shall establish a safety and quality polic y for the 
organisation to be included in the exposition under point 145.A .70. 
▼M2 
(b) The organisation shall establish procedures agreed by the 
competent authority taking into account human factors and 
human performance to ensure good maintenance practices and 
compliance with the applicable requirements established in 
145.A.25 to 145.A.95. The procedures under this point shall:  
1. ensure that a clear work order or contract has been agreed 
between the organisation and the organisation requesting main­
tenance to clearly establish the maintenance to be carried out so 
that aircraft and components may be released to service in 
accordance with 145.A.50; and,  
2. cover all aspects of carrying out maintenance, including the  
provision and control of specialised services and lay down 
the standards to which the organisation intends to work.  
▼B 
(c) The organisation shall establish a quality system that incl udes the 
following:  
1. Independent audits in order to monitor compliance with 
required aircraft/aircraft component standards and adequacy of 
the procedures to ensure that such procedures invoke good 
maintenance practices and airworthy aircraft/aircraft 
components. In the smallest organisations the independent 
audit part of the quality system may be contracted to another 
organisation approved under this Part or a person with appro­
priate technical knowledge and proven satisfactory audit 
experience; and  
2. A quality feedback reporting system to the person or group o f 
persons specified in point 145.A.30(b) and ultimately to the 
accountable manager that ensures proper and timely corrective 
action is taken in response to reports resulting from the inde­
pendent audits established to meet point (1).  
145.A.70  Maintenance organisation exposition  
(a) ‘Maintenance organisation exposition’ means the document or  
documents that contain the material specifying the scope of 
work deemed to constitute approval and showing how the organ­
isation intends to comply with this Annex (Part-145). The organ ­
isation shall provide the competent authority with a maintenanc e 
organisation exposition, containing the following information:  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 105
 
1. A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming 
that the maintenance organisation exposition and any 
referenced associated manuals define the organisation's 
compliance with this Annex (Part-145) and will be complied 
with at all times. When the accountable manager is not the 
chief executive officer of the organisation then such chief 
executive officer shall countersign the statement;  
2. the organisation's safety and quality policy as specified by  
point 145.A.65;  
3. the title(s) and name(s) of the persons nominated under 
point 145.A.30(b);  
4. the duties and responsibilities of the persons nominated und er 
point 145.A.30(b), including matters on which they may deal 
directly with the competent authority on behalf of the 
organisation;  
5. an organisation chart showing associated chains of responsi­
bility between the persons nominated under point 145.A.30(b);  
▼M6 
▼C1 
6. a list of certifying staff, support staff and, if applicable , 
airworthiness review staff, with their scope of approval;  
▼B 
7. a general description of manpower resources;  
8. a general description of the facilities located at each addr ess 
specified in the organisation's approval certificate;  
9. a specification of the organisation's scope of work relevant  to 
the extent of approval;  
10. the notification procedure of point 145.A.85 for organisati on 
changes;  
11. the maintenance organisation exposition amendment 
procedure;  
▼M8 
12. the procedures and quality system established by the organi s­
ation under points 145.A.25 to 145.A.90 of this Annex (Part- 
145) and any additional procedure followed in accordance 
with Annex I (Part-M) and Annex Vb (Part-ML) as applicable;  
▼B 
13. a list of commercial operators, where applicable, to which the 
organisation provides an aircraft maintenance service;  
14. a list of subcontracted organisations, where applicable, as  
specified in point 145.A.75(b);  
15. a list of line stations, where applicable, as specified in 
point 145.A.75(d);  
16. a list of contracted organisations, where applicable.  
(b) The exposition shall be amended as necessary to remain an u p-to- 
date description of the organisation The exposition and any 
subsequent amendment shall be approved by the competent 
authority.  
(c) Notwithstanding point (b) minor amendments to the expositio n 
may be approved through an exposition procedure (hereinafter 
called indirect approval).  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 106
 
145.A.75  Privileges of the organisation  
In accordance with the exposition, the organisation shall be en titled to 
carry out the following tasks:  
(a) Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is appr oved 
at the locations identified in the approval certificate and in the 
exposition;  
(b) Arrange for maintenance of any aircraft or component for wh ich 
it is approved at another organisation that is working under th e 
quality system of the organisation. This refers to work being 
carried out by an organisation not itself appropriately approve d 
to carry out such maintenance under this Part and is limited to  the 
work scope permitted under procedures laid down in 
point 145.A.65(b). This work scope shall not include a base mai n­
tenance check of an aircraft or a complete workshop maintenance  
check or overhaul of an engine or engine module;  
(c) Maintain any aircraft or any component for which it is appr oved 
at any location subject to the need for such maintenance arisin g 
either from the unserviceability of the aircraft or from the 
necessity of supporting occasional line maintenance, subject to  
the conditions specified in the exposition;  
(d) Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is appr oved 
at a location identified as a line maintenance location capable  of 
supporting minor maintenance and only if the organisation 
exposition both permits such activity and lists such locations;  
(e) Issue certificates of release to service in respect of comp letion of 
maintenance in accordance with point 145.A.50 ;  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(f) If specifically approved to do so for aircraft covered by 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), it may perform airworthiness reviews and 
issue the corresponding airworthiness review certificate in 
accordance with the conditions specified in point ML.A.903 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML) to this Regulation;  
__________  
▼B 
145.A.80  Limitations on the organisation  
The organisation shall only maintain an aircraft or component f or 
which it is approved when all the necessary facilities, equipme nt, 
tooling, material, maintenance data and certifying staff are av ailable.  
145.A.85  Changes to the organisation  
The organisation shall notify the competent authority of any pr oposal 
to carry out any of the following changes before such changes t ake 
place to enable the competent authority to determine continued 
compliance with this Part and to amend, if necessary, the appro val 
certificate, except that in the case of proposed changes in per sonnel not 
known to the management beforehand, these changes must be notif ied 
at the earliest opportunity:  
1. the name of the organisation;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 107
 
2. the main location of the organisation;  
3. additional locations of the organisation;  
4. the accountable manager;  
5. any of the persons nominated under point 145.A.30(b);  
▼M1 
6. the facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work  scope, 
certifying staff and airworthiness review staff that could affe ct the 
approval.  
▼B 
145.A.90  Continued validity  
(a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It s hall 
remain valid subject to:  
1. the organisation remaining in compliance with Annex II (Part - 
145), in accordance with the provisions related to the handling  
of findings as specified under point 145.B.50; and  
2. the competent authority being granted access to the organisa tion 
to determine continued compliance with this Part; and  
3. the certificate not being surrendered or revoked.  
(b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval shall be returne d to the 
competent authority.  
145.A.95  Findings  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) A level 1 finding is any finding of significant non-complia nce with 
the requirements of this Annex which lowers the safety standard  
and seriously endangers flight safety.  
(b) A level 2 finding is any finding of non-compliance with the  
requirements of this Annex which may lower the safety standard 
and may endanger flight safety.  
▼B 
(c) After receipt of notification of findings according to 
point 145.B.50, the holder of the maintenance organisation 
approval shall define a corrective action plan and demonstrate 
corrective action to the satisfaction of the competent authorit y 
within a period agreed with this authority.  
SECTION B  
PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
145.B.01  Scope  
This section establishes the administrative procedures which th e 
competent authority shall follow when exercising its tasks and respon­
sibilities regarding issuance, continuation, change, suspension  or revo­
cation of approvals of maintenance organisations under this 
Annex (Part-145).  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 108
 
145.B.10  Competent authority  
1. General  
The Member State shall designate a competent authority with all ocated 
responsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspen sion or 
revocation of a maintenance approval. This competent authority shall 
establish documented procedures and an organisational structure . 
2. Resources  
The number of staff must be appropriate to carry out the requir ements 
as detailed in this section.  
3. Qualification and training  
All staff involved in approvals under this Annex (Part-145) mus t: 
(a) be appropriately qualified and have all necessary knowledge , 
experience and training to perform their allocated tasks.  
(b) have received training/continuation training on this Annex (Part- 
145) where relevant, including its intended meaning and standar d. 
4. Procedures  
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing ho w 
compliance with this Section B is accomplished.  
The procedures must be reviewed and amended to ensure continued  
compliance.  
145.B.15  Organisations located in several Member States  
Where maintenance facilities are located in more than one Membe r 
State the investigation and continued oversight of the approval  must be 
carried out in conjunction with the competent authorities from the 
Member States in whose territory the other maintenance faciliti es are 
located.  
145.B.20  Initial approval  
1. Provided the requirements of points 145.A.30(a) and (b) are 
complied with, the competent authority shall formally indicate its 
acceptance of the personnel, specified in points 145.A.30(a) an d 
(b), to the applicant in writing.  
2. The competent authority shall verify that the procedures spe cified in 
the maintenance organisation exposition comply with this 
Annex (Part-145) and verify that the accountable manager signs 
the commitment statement.  
3. The competent authority shall verify that the organisation i s in 
compliance with the requirements of this Annex (Part-145).  
4. A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least 
once during the investigation for approval to ensure that he/sh e 
fully understands the significance of the approval and the reas on 
for signing the exposition commitment of the organisation to 
compliance with the procedures specified in the exposition.  
5. All findings must be confirmed in writing to the organisatio n. ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 109
 
6. The competent authority shall record all findings, closure a ctions 
(actions required to close a finding) and recommendations  
7. For initial approval all findings must be corrected before t he 
approval can be issued.  
145.B.25  Issue of approval  
1. The competent authority shall formally approve the expositio n and 
issue to the applicant a Form 3 approval certificate, which inc ludes 
the approval ratings. The competent authority shall only issue a 
certificate when the organisation is in compliance with this 
Annex (Part-145).  
2. The competent authority shall indicate the conditions of the  
approval on the Form 3 approval certificate.  
3. The reference number shall be included on the Form 3 approva l 
certificate in a manner specified by the Agency.  
145.B.30  Continuation of an approval  
The continuation of an approval shall be monitored in accordanc e with 
the applicable ‘initial approval’ process under point 145.B.20.  In 
addition:  
1. The competent authority shall keep and update a program list ing the 
approved maintenance organisations under its supervision, the d ates 
when audit visits are due and when such visits were carried out . 
2. Each organisation must be completely reviewed for compliance  
with this Annex (Part-145) at periods not exceeding 24 months.  
3. A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least 
once every 24 months to ensure he/she remains informed of 
significant issues arising during audits.  
145.B.35  Changes  
1. The competent authority shall receive notification from the organis­
ation of any proposed change as listed in point 145.A.85.  
The competent authority shall comply with the applicable elemen ts 
of the initial process points for any change to the organisatio n. 
2. The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under w hich 
organisation may operate during such changes unless it determin es 
that the approval should be suspended.  
145.B.40  Changes to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition  
For any change to the Maintenance Organisation Exposition (MOE) : 
1. In the case of direct approval of the changes in accordance with 
point 145.A.70(b), the competent authority shall verify that th e 
procedures specified in the exposition are in compliance with 
Annex II (Part-145) before formally notifying the approved orga n­
isation of the approval.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 110
 
2. In the case an indirect approval procedure is used for the a pproval of the 
changes in accordance with point 145.A.70(c), the competent aut hority 
shall ensure (i) that the changes remain minor and (ii) that it  has an 
adequate control over the approval of the changes to ensure the y remain 
in compliance with the requirements of Annex II (Part-145).  
145.B.45  Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of po tential 
safety threat; or  
(b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to point 145. B.50.  
145.B.50  Findings  
(a) When during audits or by other means evidence is found show ing 
non-compliance with the requirements of this Annex (Part-145), 
the competent authority shall take the following actions:  
1. For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the  
competent authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or 
in part, depending upon the extent of the level 1 finding, the 
maintenance organisation approval, until successful corrective 
action has been taken by the organisation.  
2. For level 2 findings, the corrective action period granted b y the 
competent authority must be appropriate to the nature of the 
finding but in any case initially must not be more than three 
months. In certain circumstances and subject to the nature of t he 
finding the competent authority may extend the three month 
period subject to a satisfactory corrective action plan agreed 
by the competent authority.  
(b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend  in 
whole or part the approval in case of failure to comply within the 
timescale granted by the competent authority  
145.B.55  Record-keeping  
1. The competent authority shall establish a system of record-k eeping 
with minimum retention criteria that allows adequate traceabili ty of 
the process to issue, continue, change, suspend or revoke each 
individual organisation approval.  
2. The records shall include as a minimum:  
(a) the application for an organisation approval, including the  
continuation thereof.  
(b) the competent authority continued oversight program includi ng 
all audit records.  
(c) the organisation approval certificate including any change 
thereto.  
(d) a copy of the audit program listing the dates when audits a re 
due and when audits were carried out.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 111
 
(e) copies of all formal correspondence including Form 4 or 
equivalent.  
(f) details of any exemption and enforcement action(s).  
(g) any other competent authority audit report forms.  
(h) maintenance organisation expositions.  
3. The minimum retention period for the above records shall be four 
years.  
4. The competent authority may elect to use either a paper or c omputer 
system or any combination of both subject to appropriate contro ls. 
▼M6 
▼C1 
145.B.60  Exemptions  
Where a Member State grants an exemption from the requirements of 
this Annex in accordance with Article 71 of Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139, the competent authority shall record the exemption. It 
shall retain those records for the period provided for in point  (3) of 
point 145.B.55.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 112
 
Appendix I  
Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1  
The provisions of Appendix II to Annex I (Part-M) apply.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 113
 
Appendix II  
Class and Ratings System used for the Approval of Maintenance Organisations 
referred to in Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F and Annex II (Part-145)  
The provisions of Appendix IV to Annex I (Part-M) apply.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 114
 
▼C1 
Appendix III  
Maintenance Organisation Certificate — EASA Form 3-145
  
► (1) M8 ▼M6 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 115
 
► (1) M8 ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 116
 
Appendix IV  
Conditions for the use of staff not qualified in accordance with Annex III 
(Part-66) referred to in points 145.A.30(j)1 and 2  
1. Certifying staff in compliance with all the following condit ions are deemed to 
meet the intent of point 145.A.30(j)(1) and (2):  
(a) The person shall hold a licence or a certifying staff autho risation issued 
under national regulations in full compliance with ICAO Annex 1 . 
(b) The scope of work of the person shall not exceed the scope of work 
defined by the national licence or the certifying staff authori sation, 
whatever is the most restrictive.  
(c) The person shall demonstrate he/she received the training o n human 
factors and aviation legislation referred to in modules 9 and 1 0 of 
Appendix I to Annex III (Part-66).  
(d) The person shall demonstrate 5 years maintenance experience  for line 
maintenance certifying staff and 8 years for base maintenance c ertifying 
staff. However, those persons whose authorised tasks do not exc eed 
those of a Part-66 category A certifying staff, need to demonst rate 3 
years maintenance experience only.  
(e) Line maintenance certifying staff and base maintenance supp ort staff 
shall demonstrate he/she received type training and passed exam ination 
at the category B1, B2 or B3 level, as applicable, referred to in Appendix 
III to Annex III (Part-66) for each aircraft type in the scope of work 
referred to in point (b). Those persons whose scope of work doe s not 
exceed those of a category A certifying staff may however recei ve task 
training in lieu of a complete type training.  
(f) Base maintenance certifying staff shall demonstrate he/she received type 
training and passed examination at the category C level referre d to in 
Appendix III to Annex III (Part-66) for each aircraft type in t he scope of 
work referred to in point (b), except that for the first aircra ft type, 
training and examination shall be at the category B1, B2 or B3 level 
of Appendix III.  
2. Protected rights  
(a) The personnel having privileges before the entry into force  of the relevant 
requirements of Annex III (Part-66) may continue to exercise th em 
without the need to comply with points 1(c) to 1(f).  
(b) However after that date any certifying staff willing to ext end the scope of 
their authorisation to include additional privileges shall comp ly with 
point 1.  
(c) Notwithstanding point 2(b) above, in the case of additional  type training, 
compliance with points 1(c) and 1(d) is not required.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 117
 
ANNEX III  
(Part-66)  
CONTENTS  
66.1. Competent authority  
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A — AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE  
66.A.1 Scope  
66.A.3 Licence categories and subcategories  
66.A.5 Aircraft groups  
66.A.10 Application  
66.A.15 Eligibility  
66.A.20 Privileges  
66.A.25 Basic knowledge requirements  
66.A.30 Basic experience requirements  
66.A.40 Continued validity of the aircraft maintenance licence  
66.A.45 Endorsement with aircraft ratings  
66.A.50 Limitations  
66.A.55 Evidence of qualification  
66.A.70 Conversion provisions  
SECTION B — PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A — GENERAL  
66.B.1 Scope  
66.B.10 Competent authority  
66.B.20 Record-keeping  
66.B.25 Mutual exchange of information  
66.B.30 Exemptions  
SUBPART B — ISSUE OF AN AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE  
66.B.100 Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance lic ence by the 
competent authority  
66.B.105 Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance lic ence via the 
Part-145 approved maintenance organisation  
66.B.110 Procedure for the change of an aircraft maintenance li cence to include 
an additional basic category or subcategory  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 118
 
66.B.115 Procedure for the change of an aircraft maintenance li cence to include 
an aircraft rating or to remove limitations  
66.B.120 Procedure for the renewal of an aircraft maintenance l icence validity  
66.B.125 Procedure for the conversion of licences including gro up ratings  
66.B.130 Procedure for the direct approval of aircraft type tra ining  
SUBPART C — EXAMINATIONS  
66.B.200 Examination by the competent authority  
SUBPART D — CONVERSION OF CERTIFYING STAFF QUALIFI­ 
CATIONS  
66.B.300 General  
66.B.305 Conversion report for national qualifications  
66.B.310 Conversion report for approved maintenance organisatio ns authoris­ 
ations  
SUBPART E — EXAMINATION CREDITS  
66.B.400 General  
66.B.405 Examination credit report  
66.B.410 Examination credit validity  
SUBPART F — CONTINUING OVERSIGHT  
66.B.500 Revocation, suspension or limitation of the aircraft m aintenance 
licence  
APPENDICES  
Appendix I — Basic knowledge requirements (except for category L licence)  
Appendix II — Basic examination standard (except for category L  licence)  
Appendix III — Aircraft type training and examination standard.  On the job 
training  
Appendix IV — Experience requirements for extending a Part-66 a ircraft main­ 
tenance licence  
Appendix V — Application Form — EASA Form 19  
Appendix VI — Aircraft Maintenance Licence referred to in Annex  III (Part-66) 
– EASA Form 26  
▼M5 
Appendix VII — Basic knowledge requirements for category L airc raft main­ 
tenance licence  
Appendix VIII — Basic examination standards for category L airc raft main­ 
tenance licence  
▼B 
66.1 Competent authority  
(a) For the purpose of this Annex (Part-66), the competent auth ority shall be:  
1. the authority designated by the Member State to whom a perso n 
first applies for the issuance of an aircraft maintenance licen ce; or  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 119
 
2. the authority designated by another Member State, in case it  would 
be different, subject to agreement with the authority referred to in 
point 1. In that case, the licence referred to in point 1 shall  be 
revoked, all the records mentioned in point 66.B.20 shall be tr ans­
ferred and a new licence shall be issued on the basis of these 
records.  
(b) The Agency shall be responsible for defining:  
1. the list of aircraft types; and  
2. what airframe/engine combinations are included in each parti cular 
aircraft type rating.  
SECTION A  
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A  
AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE  
66.A.1  Scope  
This section defines the aircraft maintenance licence and estab lishes the 
requirements for application, issue and continuation of its val idity. 
▼M5 
66.A.3  Licence categories and subcategories  
Aircraft maintenance licences include the following categories and, 
where applicable, subcategories and system ratings:  
(a) Category A, divided into the following subcategories:  
— A1 Aeroplanes Turbine;  
— A2 Aeroplanes Piston;  
— A3 Helicopters Turbine;  
— A4 Helicopters Piston.  
(b) Category B1, divided into the following subcategories:  
— B1.1 Aeroplanes Turbine;  
— B1.2 Aeroplanes Piston;  
— B1.3 Helicopters Turbine;  
— B1.4 Helicopters Piston.  
(c) Category B2  
The B2 licence is applicable to all aircraft.  
(d) Category B2L  
The B2L licence is applicable to all aircraft other than those in 
Group 1 as set out in Point 66.A.5(1) and is divided into the 
following ‘system ratings’:  
— communication/navigation (com/nav),  
— instruments,  
— autoflight,  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 120
 
— surveillance,  
— airframe systems.  
A B2L licence shall contain, as a minimum, one system rating.  
(e) Category B3  
The B3 licence is applicable to piston-engine non-pressurised a ero­
planes of 2 000 kg Maximum Take-off Mass (MTOM) and below.  
(f) Category L, divided into the following subcategories:  
— L1C: composite sailplanes,  
— L1: sailplanes,  
— L2C: composite powered sailplanes and composite ELA1 
aeroplanes,  
— L2: powered sailplanes and ELA1 aeroplanes,  
— L3H: hot-air balloons,  
— L3G: gas balloons,  
— L4H: hot-air airships,  
— L4G: ELA2 gas airships,  
— L5: gas airships other than ELA2.  
(g) Category C  
The C licence is applicable to aeroplanes and helicopters.  
66.A.5  Aircraft groups  
For the purpose of ratings on aircraft maintenance licences, ai rcraft shall 
be classified into the following groups:  
(1) Group 1: complex motor-powered aircraft, helicopters with m ultiple 
engines, aeroplanes with maximum certified operating altitude 
exceeding FL290, aircraft equipped with fly-by-wire systems, ga s 
airships other than ELA2 and other aircraft requiring an aircra ft type 
rating when defined as such by the Agency.  
The Agency may decide to classify into Group 2, Group 3 or Grou p 
4, as appropriate, an aircraft which meets the conditions set o ut in 
the first subparagraph, if it considers that the lower complexi ty of 
the particular aircraft justifies so.  
(2) Group 2: aircraft other than those in Group 1 belonging to the 
following subgroups:  
(i) subgroup 2a:  
— single turboprop engine aeroplanes,  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 121
 
— those turbojet and multiple-turboprop aeroplanes classified 
by the Agency in this subgroup because of their lower 
complexity.  
(ii) subgroup 2b:  
— single turbine engine helicopters,  
— those multiple turbine engine helicopters classified by the 
Agency in this subgroup because of their lower complexity.  
(iii) subgroup 2c:  
— single piston engine helicopters,  
— those multiple piston engine helicopters classified by the 
Agency in this subgroup because of their lower complexity.  
(3) Group 3: piston engine aeroplanes other than those in Group  1 . 
(4) Group 4: sailplanes, powered sailplanes, balloons and airsh ips, other 
than those in Group 1.  
▼B 
66.A.10  Application  
(a) An application for an aircraft maintenance licence or chang e to such 
licence shall be made on an EASA Form 19 (see Appendix V) in a 
manner established by the competent authority and submitted 
thereto.  
(b) An application for the change to an aircraft maintenance li cence 
shall be made to the competent authority of the Member State 
that issued the aircraft maintenance licence.  
(c) In addition to the documents required in points 66.A.10(a),  
66.A.10(b) and 66.B.105, as appropriate, the applicant for addi tional 
basic categories or subcategories to an aircraft maintenance li cence 
shall submit his/her current original aircraft maintenance lice nce to 
the competent authority together with the EASA Form 19.  
(d) Where the applicant for change of the basic categories qual ifies for 
such change via the procedure referred to in point 66.B.100 in a 
Member State other than the Member State which issued the 
license, the application shall be sent to the competent authori ty 
referred to in point 66.1.  
(e) Where the applicant for change of the basic categories qual ifies for 
such change via the procedure referred to in point 66.B.105 in a 
Member State other than the Member State which issued the 
license, the maintenance organisation approved in accordance wi th 
Annex II (Part-145) shall send the aircraft maintenance licence  
together with the EASA Form 19 to the competent authority 
referred to in point 66.1 for stamp and signature of the change  or 
reissue of the licence, as appropriate.  
(f) Each application shall be supported by documentation to dem on­
strate compliance with the applicable theoretical knowledge, 
practical training and experience requirements at the time of 
application.  
66.A.15  Eligibility  
An applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence shall be at le ast 18 
years of age.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 122
 
66.A.20  Privileges  
(a) The following privileges shall apply:  
1. A category A aircraft maintenance licence permits the holder  to 
issue certificates of release to service following minor schedu led 
line maintenance and simple defect rectification within the lim its 
of tasks specifically endorsed on the certification authorisati on 
referred to in point 145.A.35 of Annex II (Part-145). The certi fi­
cation privileges shall be restricted to work that the licence 
holder has personally performed in the maintenance organisation  
that issued the certification authorisation.  
2. A category B1 aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the 
holder to issue certificates of release to service and to act a s 
B1 support staff following:  
— maintenance performed on aircraft structure, powerplant and 
mechanical and electrical systems,  
— work on avionic systems requiring only simple tests to prove 
their serviceability and not requiring troubleshooting.  
Category B1 includes the corresponding A subcategory.  
3. A category B2 aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the 
holder:  
(i) to issue certificates of release to service and to act as B 2 
support staff for following:  
— maintenance performed on avionic and electrical 
systems, and  
— electrical and avionics tasks within powerplant and 
mechanical systems, requiring only simple tests to 
prove their serviceability; and  
(ii) to issue certificates of release to service following mino r 
scheduled line maintenance and simple defect rectification 
within the limits of tasks specifically endorsed on the certifi ­
cation authorisation referred to in point 145.A.35 of 
Annex II (Part-145). This certification privilege shall be 
restricted to work that the licence holder has personally 
performed in the maintenance organisation which issued 
the certification authorisation and limited to the ratings 
already endorsed in the B2 licence.  
The category B2 licence does not include any A subcategory.  
▼M5 
4. A category B2L aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the  
holder to issue certificates of release to service and to act a s 
B2L support staff for the following:  
— maintenance performed on electrical systems;  
— maintenance performed on avionics systems within the limits 
of the system ratings specifically endorsed on the licence, 
and ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 123
 
— when holding the ‘airframe system’ rating, performance of 
electrical and avionics tasks within power plant and mech­
anical systems, requiring only simple tests to prove their 
serviceability.  
5. A category B3 aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the 
holder to issue certificates of release to service and to act a s 
B3 support staff for the following:  
— maintenance performed on aeroplane structure, power plant 
and mechanical and electrical systems; and  
— work on avionics systems requiring only simple tests to 
prove their serviceability and not requiring troubleshooting.  
6. A category L aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the h older 
to issue certificates of release to service and to act as L sup port 
staff for the following:  
— maintenance performed on aircraft structure, power plant and 
mechanical and electrical systems;  
— work on radio, Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELT) and 
transponder systems; and  
— work on other avionics systems requiring simple tests to 
prove their serviceability.  
Subcategory L2 includes subcategory L1. Any limitation to 
subcategory L2 in accordance with point 66.A.45(h) becomes 
also applicable to subcategory L1.  
Subcategory L2C includes subcategory L1C.  
7. A category C aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the h older 
to issue certificates of release to service following base main ­
tenance of the aircraft. The privileges apply to the aircraft i n its 
entirety.  
▼B 
(b) The holder of an aircraft maintenance licence may not exerc ise its 
privileges unless:  
▼M11  
1. in compliance with the applicable requirements of Annex I 
(Part-M), Annex II (Part-145), Annex Vb (Part-ML) and 
Annex Vd (Part-CAO); and  
▼B 
2. in the preceding 2-year period he/she has, either had 6 mont hs 
of maintenance experience in accordance with the privileges 
granted by the aircraft maintenance licence or, met the 
provision for the issue of the appropriate privileges; and  
3. he/she has the adequate competence to certify maintenance on  
the corresponding aircraft; and  
4. he/she is able to read, write and communicate to an under­
standable level in the language(s) in which the technical docu­
mentation and procedures necessary to support the issue of the 
certificate of release to service are written.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 124
 
66.A.25  Basic knowledge requirements  
▼M5 
(a) ►M11  For licences other than category L, an applicant for an 
aircraft maintenance licence, or for the addition of a category  or 
subcategory to such a licence, shall demonstrate by examination  a  
level of knowledge of the appropriate subject modules in 
accordance with Appendix I to Annex III (Part-66). ◄ The exam­
ination shall comply with the standard set out in Appendix II t o 
Annex III (Part-66) and shall be conducted either by a training  
organisation appropriately approved in accordance with Annex IV  
(Part-147), or by the competent authority.  
(b) An applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence in categor y L 
within a given subcategory, or for the addition of a different 
subcategory, shall demonstrate by examination a level of 
knowledge of the appropriate subject modules in accordance with  
Appendix VII to Annex III (Part-66). The examination shall comp ly 
with the standard set out in Appendix VIII to Annex III (Part-6 6) 
and shall be conducted by a training organisation appropriately  
approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147), by the 
competent authority or as agreed by the competent authority.  
The holder of an aircraft maintenance licence in subcategory B1 .2 
or category B3 is deemed to meet the basic knowledge requiremen ts 
for a licence in subcategories L1C, L1, L2C and L2.  
The basic knowledge requirements for subcategory L4H include th e 
basic knowledge requirements for subcategory L3H.  
The basic knowledge requirements for subcategory L4G include th e 
basic knowledge requirements for subcategory L3G.  
(c) An applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence in categor y B2L for 
a particular ‘system rating’, or for the addition of another ‘s ystem 
rating’, shall demonstrate by examination a level of knowledge of 
the appropriate subject modules in accordance with Appendix I t o 
Annex III (Part-66). The examination shall comply with the 
standard set out in Appendix II to Annex III (Part-66) and shal l 
be conducted either by a training organisation appropriately 
approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147), or by the 
competent authority.  
(d) The training courses and examinations shall have been passe d 
within 10 years prior to the application for an aircraft mainte nance 
licence or the addition of a category or subcategory to such a 
licence. Should this not be the case, examination credits may b e 
obtained in accordance with point (e).  
(e) The applicant may apply to the competent authority for full  or 
partial examination credits for the basic knowledge requirement s 
for: 
(i) basic knowledge examinations that do not meet the requireme nt 
laid down in point (d);  
(ii) any other technical qualification considered by the compet ent 
authority to be equivalent to the knowledge standard of 
Annex III (Part-66).  
Credits shall be granted in accordance with Subpart E of Sectio n B 
of this Annex (Part-66).  
(f) Credits expire 10 years after they were granted to the appl icant by 
the competent authority. The applicant may apply for new credit s 
after expiration.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 125
 
66.A.30  Basic experience requirements  
(a) An applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence shall have  
acquired:  
1. for category A, subcategories B1.2 and B1.4 and category B3:  
(i) 3 years of practical maintenance experience on operating 
aircraft, if the applicant has no previous relevant technical 
training; or  
(ii) 2 years of practical maintenance experience on operating 
aircraft and completion of training considered relevant by 
the competent authority as a skilled worker, in a technical 
trade; or  
(iii) 1 year of practical maintenance experience on operating 
aircraft and completion of a basic training course 
approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147);  
2. for category B2 and subcategories B1.1 and B1.3:  
(i) 5 years of practical maintenance experience on operating 
aircraft if the applicant has no previous relevant technical 
training; or  
(ii) 3 years of practical maintenance experience on operating 
aircraft and completion of training considered relevant by 
the competent authority as a skilled worker, in a technical 
trade; or  
(iii) 2 years of practical maintenance experience on operating 
aircraft and completion of a basic training course approved 
in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147);  
▼M5 
2a. for category B2L:  
(i) 3 years of practical maintenance experience in operating 
aircraft, covering the corresponding system rating(s), if the 
applicant has no previous relevant technical training; or  
(ii) 2 years of practical maintenance experience in operating 
aircraft, covering the corresponding system rating(s), and 
completion of training, considered relevant by the 
competent authority, as a skilled worker in a technical 
trade; or  
(iii) 1 year of practical maintenance experience in operating 
aircraft, covering the corresponding system rating(s), and 
completion of a Part-147 approved basic training course.  
For the addition of (a) new system rating(s) to an existing B2L  
licence, 3 months of practical maintenance experience relevant 
to the new system rating(s) shall be required for each system 
rating added.  
2b. for category L:  
(i) 2 years of practical maintenance experience in operating 
aircraft covering a representative cross section of main­
tenance activities in the corresponding subcategory;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 126
 
(ii) as a derogation from point (i), 1 year of practical main­
tenance experience in operating aircraft covering a rep­
resentative cross section of maintenance activities in the 
corresponding subcategory, subject to the introduction of 
the limitation provided for in point 66.A.45(h)(ii)(3).  
For the inclusion of an additional subcategory in an existing L  
licence, the experience required by points (i) and (ii) shall b e 12 
and 6 months respectively.  
The holder of an aircraft maintenance licence in category/ 
subcategory B1.2 or B3 is deemed to meet the basic experience 
requirements for a licence in subcategories L1C, L1, L2C and 
L2. 
▼M2 
3. for category C with respect to complex motor-powered aircraf t: 
(i) 3 years of experience exercising category B1.1, B1.3 or B2 
privileges on complex motor-powered aircraft or as support 
staff according to point 145.A.35, or, a combination of 
both; or  
(ii) 5 years of experience exercising category B1.2 or B1.4 
privileges on complex motor-powered aircraft or as 
support staff according to point 145.A.35, or a combination 
of both;  
4. For category C with respect to other than complex 
motor-powered aircraft: 3 years of experience exercising 
category B1 or B2 privileges on other than complex 
motor-powered aircraft or as support staff according to 
point 145.A.35, or a combination of both;  
▼B 
5. for category C obtained through the academic route: an 
applicant holding an academic degree in a technical discipline,  
from a university or other higher educational institution 
recognised by the competent authority, 3 years of experience 
working in a civil aircraft maintenance environment on a rep­
resentative selection of tasks directly associated with aircraf t 
maintenance including 6 months of observation of base main­
tenance tasks.  
(b) An applicant for an extension to an aircraft maintenance li cence 
shall have a minimum civil aircraft maintenance experience 
requirement appropriate to the additional category or subcatego ry 
of licence applied for as defined in Appendix IV to this 
Annex (Part-66).  
(c) The experience shall be practical and involve a representat ive cross 
section of maintenance tasks on aircraft.  
(d) At least 1 year of the required experience shall be recent main­
tenance experience on aircraft of the category/subcategory for 
which the initial aircraft maintenance licence is sought. For 
subsequent category/subcategory additions to an existing aircra ft 
maintenance licence, the additional recent maintenance experien ce 
required may be less than 1 year, but shall be at least 3 month s. The 
required experience shall be dependent upon the difference betw een 
the licence category/subcategory held and applied for. Such ad­
ditional experience shall be typical of the new licence categor y/ 
subcategory sought.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 127
 
(e) Notwithstanding point (a), aircraft maintenance experience gained 
outside a civil aircraft maintenance environment shall be accep ted 
when such maintenance is equivalent to that required by this 
Annex (Part-66) as established by the competent authority. Ad­
ditional experience of civil aircraft maintenance shall, howeve r, be 
required to ensure adequate understanding of the civil aircraft  main­
tenance environment.  
(f) Experience shall have been acquired within the 10 years pre ceding 
the application for an aircraft maintenance licence or the addi tion of 
a category or subcategory to such a licence.  
66.A.40  Continued validity of the aircraft maintenance licence  
(a) The aircraft maintenance licence becomes invalid 5 years af ter its 
last issue or change, unless the holder submits his/her aircraf t main­
tenance licence to the competent authority that issued it, in o rder to 
verify that the information contained in the licence is the sam e as 
that contained in the competent authority records, pursuant to 
point 66.B.120.  
(b) The holder of an aircraft maintenance licence shall complet e the 
relevant parts of EASA Form 19 (see Appendix V) and submit it 
with the holder's copy of the licence to the competent authorit y that 
issued the original aircraft maintenance licence, unless the ho lder 
works in a maintenance organisation approved in accordance with  
Annex II (Part-145) that has a procedure in its exposition wher eby 
such organisation may submit the necessary documentation on 
behalf of the aircraft maintenance licence holder.  
(c) Any certification privilege based upon a aircraft maintenan ce 
licence becomes invalid as soon as the aircraft maintenance 
licence is invalid.  
(d) The aircraft maintenance licence is only valid (i) when iss ued and/or 
changed by the competent authority and (ii) when the holder has  
signed the document.  
▼M5 
66.A.45  Endorsement with aircraft ratings  
(a) In order to be entitled to exercise certification privilege s on a 
specific aircraft type, the holder of an aircraft maintenance l icence 
needs to have their licence endorsed with the relevant aircraft  
ratings:  
— For category B1, B2 or C, the relevant aircraft ratings are t he 
following:  
(i) for Group 1 aircraft, the appropriate aircraft type rating;  
(ii) for Group 2 aircraft, the appropriate aircraft type rating , 
manufacturer subgroup rating or full subgroup rating;  
(iii) for Group 3 aircraft, the appropriate aircraft type ratin g or 
full group rating;  
(iv) for Group 4 aircraft, for the category B2 licence, the ful l 
group rating.  
— For category B2L, the relevant aircraft ratings are the follo wing:  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 128
 
(i) for Group 2 aircraft, the appropriate manufacturer subgroup  
rating or full subgroup rating;  
(ii) for Group 3 aircraft, the full group rating;  
(iii) for Group 4 aircraft, the full group rating.  
— For category B3, the relevant rating is ‘piston-engine 
non-pressurised aeroplanes of 2 000 kg MTOM and below’.  
— For category L, the relevant aircraft ratings are the followi ng: 
(i) for subcategory L1C, the rating ‘composite sailplanes’;  
(ii) for subcategory L1, the rating ‘sailplanes’;  
(iii) for subcategory L2C, the rating ‘composite powered sail­
planes and composite ELA1 aeroplanes’;  
(iv) for subcategory L2, the rating ‘powered sailplanes and 
ELA1 aeroplanes’;  
(v) for subcategory L3H, the rating ‘hot-air balloons’;  
(vi) for subcategory L3G, the rating ‘gas balloons’;  
(vii) for subcategory L4H, the rating ‘hot-air airships’;  
(viii) for subcategory L4G, the rating ‘ELA2 gas airships’;  
(ix) for subcategory L5, the appropriate airship type rating.  
— For category A, no rating is required, subject to compliance 
with the requirements of point 145.A.35 of Annex II (Part-145).  
(b) The endorsement of aircraft type ratings requires the satis factory 
completion of one of the following:  
— the relevant category B1, B2 or C aircraft type training in 
accordance with Appendix III to Annex III (Part-66);  
— in the case of gas airship type ratings on a B2 or L5 licence , a 
type training approved by the competent authority in accordance  
with point 66.B.130.  
(c) For other than category C licences, in addition to the requ irements 
of point (b), the endorsement of the first aircraft type rating  within a 
given category/subcategory requires satisfactory completion of the 
corresponding on-the-job training. This on-the-job training sha ll 
comply with Appendix III to Annex III (Part-66), except in the 
case of gas airships, where it shall be directly approved by th e 
competent authority.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 129
 
▼C1 
(d) By derogation from points (b) and (c), for Group 2 and 3 ai rcraft, 
aircraft type ratings may also be endorsed on a licence after 
completing the following steps:  
— satisfactory completion of the relevant category B1, B2 or C 
aircraft type examination in accordance with Appendix III to 
this Annex (Part-66);  
— in the case of B1 and B2 category, demonstration of practical  
experience in the aircraft type. In that case, the practical 
experience shall include a representative cross section of main ­
tenance activities relevant to the licence category.  
In the case of a category C rating, for a person qualified thro ugh the 
academic route as referred to in point (a)(5) of point 66.A.30,  the 
first relevant aircraft type examination shall be at the catego ry B1 or 
B2 level.  
▼M5 
(e) For Group 2 aircraft:  
(i) the endorsement of manufacturer subgroup ratings for catego ry 
B1 and C licence holders requires complying with the aircraft 
type rating requirements for at least two aircraft types from t he 
same manufacturer, which combined are representative of the 
applicable manufacturer subgroup;  
(ii) the endorsement of full subgroup ratings for category B1 a nd C 
licence holders requires complying with the aircraft type ratin g 
requirements for at least three aircraft types from different 
manufacturers, which combined are representative of the 
applicable subgroup;  
(iii) the endorsement of manufacturer subgroup and full subgrou p 
ratings for category B2 and B2L licence holders requires 
demonstration of practical experience which shall include a 
representative cross section of maintenance activities relevant  
to the licence category and to the applicable aircraft subgroup  
and, in the case of the B2L licence, relevant to the applicable  
system rating(s);  
(iv) by derogation from point (e)(iii), the holder of a B2 or B 2L 
licence, endorsed with a full subgroup 2b, is entitled to be 
endorsed with a full subgroup 2c.  
(f) For Group 3 and 4 aircraft:  
(i) the endorsement of the full Group 3 rating for category B1,  
B2, B2L and C licence holders and the endorsement of the full 
Group 4 rating for B2 and B2L licence holders require demon­
stration of practical experience, which shall include a represe n­
tative cross section of maintenance activities relevant to the 
licence category and to Group 3 or 4, as applicable;  
(ii) for category B1, unless the applicant provides evidence of  
appropriate experience, Group 3 rating shall be subject to the 
following limitations, which shall be endorsed on the licence:  
— pressurised aeroplanes,  ▼M6 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 130
 
— metal-structure aeroplanes,  
— composite-structure aeroplanes,  
— wooden-structure aeroplanes,  
— aeroplanes with metal-tubing structure covered with fabric;  
(iii) by derogation from point (f)(i), the holder of a B2L lice nce, 
endorsed with a full subgroup 2a or 2b, is entitled to be 
endorsed with Groups 3 and 4.  
(g) For the B3 licence:  
(i) the endorsement of the rating ‘piston engine non-pressurise d 
aeroplanes of 2 000 kg MTOM and below’ requires demon­
stration of practical experience, which shall include a represe n­
tative cross section of maintenance activities relevant to the 
licence category;  
(ii) unless the applicant provides evidence of appropriate 
experience, the rating referred to in point (i) shall be subjec t 
to the following limitations, which shall be endorsed on the 
licence:  
— wooden-structure aeroplanes,  
— aeroplanes with metal-tubing structure covered with fabric,  
— metal-structure aeroplanes,  
— composite-structure aeroplanes.  
(h) For all L licence subcategories, other than L5:  
(i) the endorsement of ratings requires demonstration of practi cal 
experience which shall include a representative cross section o f 
maintenance activities relevant to the licence subcategory;  
(ii) unless the applicant provides evidence of appropriate 
experience, the ratings shall be subject to the following limi­
tations, which shall be endorsed on the licence:  
(1) for ratings ‘sailplanes’ and ‘powered sailplanes and ELA1 
aeroplanes’:  
— wooden-structure aircraft covered with fabric,  
— aircraft with metal-tubing structure covered with fabric,  
— metal-structure aircraft,  
— composite-structure aircraft,  
(2) for the rating ‘gas balloons’:  
— other than ELA1 gas balloons; and  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 131
 
(3) if the applicant has only provided evidence of one-year 
experience in accordance with the derogation contained in 
point 66.A.30(a)(2b)(ii), the following limitation shall be 
endorsed on the licence:  
‘complex maintenance tasks provided for in Appendix VII 
to Annex I (Part-M), standard changes provided for in 
point 21.A.90B of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012 and standard repairs provided for in 
point 21.A.431B of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012.’  
The holder of an aircraft maintenance licence in 
subcategory B1.2 endorsed with the Group 3 rating, or in 
category B3 endorsed with the rating ‘piston engine 
non-pressurised aeroplanes of 2 000 kg MTOM and 
below’, is deemed to meet the requirements for the 
issuance of a licence in subcategories L1 and L2 with the 
corresponding full ratings and with the same limitations as 
the B1.2/B3 licence held.  
▼B 
66.A.50  Limitations  
▼M5 
(a) Limitations introduced on an aircraft maintenance licence a re 
exclusions from the certification privileges and, in the case o f limi­
tations referred to in point 66.A.45, they affect the aircraft in its 
entirety.  
▼B 
(b) For limitations referred to in point 66.A.45, limitations s hall be 
removed upon:  
1. demonstration of appropriate experience; or  
2. after a satisfactory practical assessment performed by the 
competent authority.  
(c) For limitations referred to in point 66.A.70, limitations s hall be 
removed upon satisfactory completion of examination on those 
modules/subjects defined in the applicable conversion report 
referred to in point 66.B.300.  
66.A.55  Evidence of qualification  
Personnel exercising certification privileges as well as suppor t staff shall 
produce their licence, as evidence of qualification, within 24 hours upon 
request by an authorised person.  
66.A.70  Conversion provisions  
(a) The holder of a certifying staff qualification valid in a M ember 
State, prior to the date of entry into force of Annex III (Part -66) 
shall be issued an aircraft maintenance licence by the competen t 
authority of this Member State without further examination subj ect 
to the conditions specified in Section B Subpart D.  
(b) A person undergoing a certifying staff qualification proces s valid in 
a Member State, prior to the date of entry into force of Annex III 
(Part-66) may continue to be qualified. The holder of a certify ing 
staff qualification gained following such process shall be issu ed an 
aircraft maintenance licence by the competent authority of this  
Member State without further examination subject to the conditi ons 
specified in Section B Subpart D.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 132
 
(c) Where necessary, the aircraft maintenance licence shall con tain limi­
tations in accordance with point 66.A.50 to reflect the differe nces 
between:  
(i) the scope of the certifying staff qualification valid in th e 
Member State before the entry into force of the applicable 
licence category or subcategory provided for in this 
Annex (Part-66);  
(ii) the basic knowledge requirements and the basic examination  
standards laid down in Appendices I and II to this 
Annex (Part-66).  
(d) By derogation from point (c), for aircraft not used by lice nced air 
carriers in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, other  
than complex motor-powered aircraft, and for balloons, sailplan es, 
motor-powered sailplanes and airships, the aircraft maintenance  
licence shall contain limitations in accordance with point 66.A .50 
to ensure that the certifying staff privileges valid in the Mem ber 
State before the entry into force of the applicable Part-66 lic ence 
category/subcategory and those of the converted Part-66 aircraf t 
maintenance licence remain the same.  
▼B 
SECTION B  
PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
66.B.1  Scope  
This section establishes the procedures including the administr ative 
requirements to be followed by the competent authorities in cha rge of 
the implementation and the enforcement of Section A of this 
Annex (Part-66).  
66.B.10  Competent authority  
(a) General  
The Member State shall designate a competent authority with all ocated 
responsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspen sion or 
revocation of aircraft maintenance licences.  
This competent authority shall establish an adequate organisati onal 
structure to ensure compliance with this Annex (Part-66).  
(b) Resources  
The competent authority shall be appropriately staffed to ensur e the 
implementation of the requirements of this Annex (Part-66).  
(c) Procedures  
The competent authority shall establish documented procedures 
detailing how compliance with this Annex (Part-66) is accomplis hed. 
These procedures shall be reviewed and amended to ensure contin ued 
compliance.  
66.B.20  Record-keeping  
(a) The competent authority shall establish a system of record- keeping 
that allows adequate traceability of the process to issue, reva lidate, 
change, suspend or revoke each aircraft maintenance licence.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 133
 
(b) These records shall include for each licence:  
1. the application for an aircraft maintenance licence or chang e to 
that licence, including all supporting documentation;  
2. a copy of the aircraft maintenance licence including any cha nges;  
3. copies of all relevant correspondence;  
4. details of any exemption and enforcement actions;  
5. any report from other competent authorities relating to the 
aircraft maintenance licence holder;  
6. the records of examinations conducted by the competent 
authority;  
7. the applicable conversion report used for conversion;  
8. the applicable credit report used for crediting.  
(c) Records referred to in points 1 to 5 of point (b) shall be kept at least 
5 years after the end of the licence validity.  
(d) Records referred to in points 6, 7 and 8 of point (b) shall  be kept 
for an unlimited period.  
66.B.25  Mutual exchange of information  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(a) The competent authorities shall participate in a mutual exc hange of 
information in accordance with Article 72(1) of Regulation (EU)  
2018/1139.  
▼B 
(b) Without prejudice to the competencies of the Member States,  in the 
case of a potential safety threat involving several Member Stat es, 
the concerned competent authorities shall assist each other in 
carrying out the necessary oversight action.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
66.B.30  Exemptions  
All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 71(1) of Regu ­
lation (EU) 2018/1139 shall be recorded and retained by the 
competent authority.  
▼B 
SUBPART B  
ISSUE OF AN AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE  
This Subpart provides the procedures to be followed by the comp etent authority 
to issue, change or continue an aircraft maintenance licence.  
66.B.100  Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance licence by the 
competent authority  
(a) On receipt of EASA Form 19 and any supporting documentation , 
the competent authority shall verify EASA Form 19 for 
completeness and ensure that the experience claimed meets the 
requirement of this Annex (Part-66).  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 134
 
(b) The competent authority shall verify an applicant's examina tion 
status and/or confirm the validity of any credits to ensure tha t all 
module requirements of Appendix I or Appendix VII, as 
applicable, have been met as required by this Annex (Part-66).  
▼B 
(c) When having verified the identity and date of birth of the applicant 
and being satisfied that the applicant meets the standards of 
knowledge and experience required by this Annex (Part-66), the 
competent authority shall issue the relevant aircraft maintenan ce 
licence to the applicant. The same information shall be kept on  
competent authority records.  
(d) In the case where aircraft types or groups are endorsed at the time 
of the issuance of the first aircraft maintenance licence, the 
competent authority shall verify compliance with point 66.B.115 . 
66.B.105  Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance licence via a 
maintenance organisation approved in accordance with Annex II 
(Part-145)  
(a) A maintenance organisation approved in accordance with Anne x II 
(Part-145), when authorised to carry out this activity by the 
competent authority, may (i) prepare the aircraft maintenance 
licence on behalf of the competent authority or (ii) make recom men­
dations to the competent authority regarding the application fr om an 
individual for a aircraft maintenance licence so that the compe tent 
authority may prepare and issue such licence.  
(b) Maintenance organisations referred to in point (a) shall en sure 
compliance with points 66.B.100 (a) and (b).  
(c) In all cases, the aircraft maintenance licence can only be issued to 
the applicant by the competent authority.  
▼M5 
66.B.110  Procedure for the change of an aircraft maintenance licence to 
include an additional basic category or subcategory  
(a) At the completion of the procedures specified in points 66. B.100 or 
66.B.105, the competent authority shall endorse the additional 
basic category, subcategory or, for category B2L, system 
rating(s) on the aircraft maintenance licence by stamp and 
signature or shall reissue the licence.  
(b) The record system of the competent authority shall be chang ed 
accordingly.  
(c) Upon request by the applicant, the competent authority shal l 
replace a licence in category B2L with a licence in category B2  
endorsed with the same aircraft rating(s) when the holder has 
demonstrated both of the following:  
(i) by examination the differences between the basic knowledge 
corresponding to the B2L licence held and the basic 
knowledge of the B2 licence, as set out in Appendix I;  
(ii) the practical experience required in Appendix IV.  
(d) In the case of a holder of an aircraft maintenance licence in 
subcategory B1.2 endorsed with the Group 3 rating or in 
category B3 endorsed with the rating ‘piston engine 
non-pressurised aeroplanes of 2 000 kg MTOM and below’, the 
competent authority shall issue, upon application, a fully rate d 
licence in subcategories L1 and L2, with the same limitations a s 
the B1.2/B3 licence held.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 135
 
66.B.115  Procedure for the change of an aircraft maintenance licence to 
include an aircraft rating or to remove limitations  
(a) On receipt of a satisfactory EASA Form 19 and any supportin g 
documentation demonstrating compliance with the requirements of  
the applicable rating together with the accompanying aircraft m ain­
tenance licence, the competent authority shall either:  
1. endorse the applicant's aircraft maintenance licence with th e 
applicable aircraft rating; or  
2. reissue the said licence to include the applicable aircraft rating; 
or 
3. remove the applicable limitations in accordance with 
point 66.A.50.  
The competent authority record system shall be changed 
accordingly.  
(b) In the case where the complete type training is not conduct ed by 
maintenance training organisation appropriately approved in 
accordance with Annex IV (Part-147), the competent authority 
shall be satisfied that all type training requirements are comp lied 
with before the type rating is issued.  
(c) In the case where the On the Job Training is not required, the 
aircraft type rating shall be endorsed based on a Certificate o f 
Recognition issued by a maintenance training organisation 
approved in accordance with Annex IV (part-147).  
(d) In the case where the aircraft type training is not covered  by a 
single course, the competent authority shall be satisfied prior  to the 
type rating endorsement that the content and length of the cour ses 
fully satisfy the scope of the licence category and that the in terface 
areas have been appropriately addressed.  
(e) In the case of differences training, the competent authorit y shall be 
satisfied that (i) the applicant's previous qualification, supp le­
mented by (ii) either a course approved in accordance with 
Annex IV (Part-147) or a course directly approved by the 
competent authority, are acceptable for type rating endorsement . 
▼M5 
(f) The competent authority shall ensure that compliance with t he 
practical elements of the type training is demonstrated by one of 
the following:  
(i) by the provision of detailed practical training records or a 
logbook provided by the organisation which delivered the 
course directly approved by the competent authority in 
accordance with point 66.B.130;  
(ii) where available, by a training certificate, covering the p ractical 
training element, issued by a maintenance training organisation  
appropriately approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part- 
147). 
▼B 
(g) Aircraft type endorsement shall use the aircraft type ratin gs 
specified by the Agency.  
66.B.120  Procedure for the renewal of an aircraft maintenance licence 
validity  
(a) The competent authority shall compare the holder's aircraft  main­
tenance licence with the competent authority records and verify  
any pending revocation, suspension or change action pursuant to  
point 66.B.500. If the documents are identical and no action is  
pending pursuant to point 66.B.500, the holder's copy shall be 
renewed for 5 years and the file endorsed accordingly.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 136
 
(b) If the competent authority records are different from the a ircraft 
maintenance licence held by the licence holder:  
1. the competent authority shall investigate the reasons for su ch 
differences and may choose not to renew the aircraft main­
tenance licence.  
▼M11  
2. the competent authority shall inform the licence holder and any 
known maintenance organisation approved in accordance with 
Annex I (Part-M) Subpart F, Annex II (Part-145) or Annex Vd 
(Part-CAO) that may be directly affected by such fact.  
▼B 
3. the competent authority shall, if necessary, take action in 
accordance with point 66.B.500 to revoke, suspend or change 
the licence in question.  
66.B.125  Procedure for the conversion of licences including group ratings  
(a) Individual aircraft type ratings already endorsed on the ai rcraft 
maintenance licence referred to in point 4 of Article 5 shall 
remain on the licence and shall not be converted to new ratings  
unless the licence holder fully meets the requirements for 
endorsement defined in point 66.A.45 of this Annex (Part-66) fo r 
the corresponding group/sub-group ratings.  
(b) The conversion shall be performed in accordance with the 
following conversion table:  
▼M5 
1. for category B1 or C:  
— helicopter piston engine, full group: converted to ‘full 
subgroup 2c’ plus the aircraft type ratings for those single 
piston engine helicopters which are in Group 1;  
— helicopter piston engine, manufacturer group: converted to 
the corresponding ‘manufacturer subgroup 2c’ plus the 
aircraft type ratings for those single piston engine heli­
copters of that manufacturer which are in Group 1;  
— helicopter turbine engine, full group: converted to ‘full 
subgroup 2b’ plus the aircraft type ratings for those single 
turbine engine helicopters which are in Group 1;  
— helicopter turbine engine, manufacturer group: converted to 
the corresponding ‘manufacturer subgroup 2b’ plus the 
aircraft type ratings for those single turbine engine heli­
copters of that manufacturer which are in Group 1;  
— aeroplane single piston engine — metal structure, either full  
group or manufacturer group: converted to ‘full group 3’. 
For the B1 licence, the following limitations shall be 
included: composite-structure aeroplanes, wooden-structure 
aeroplanes, and metal-tubing and fabric aeroplanes;  
— aeroplane multiple piston engines — metal structure, either 
full group or manufacturer group: converted to ‘full group 
3’ plus the aircraft type ratings for those aeroplanes with 
multiple piston engines of the corresponding full/manu­
facturer group which are in Group 1. For the B1 licence, 
the following limitations shall be included: 
composite-structure aeroplanes, wooden-structure aeroplanes 
and metal-tubing and fabric aeroplanes;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 137
 
— aeroplane single piston engine — wooden structure, either 
full group or manufacturer group: converted to ‘full group 
3’. For the B1 licence, the following limitations shall be 
included: pressurised aeroplanes, metal-structure aeroplanes, 
composite-structure aeroplanes and metal-tubing and fabric 
aeroplanes;  
— aeroplane multiple piston engines — wooden structure, 
either full group or manufacturer group: converted to ‘full 
group 3’. For the B1 licence, the following limitations shall 
be included: pressurised aeroplanes, metal-structure aero­
planes, composite-structure aeroplanes and metal-tubing 
and fabric aeroplanes;  
— aeroplane single piston engine — composite structure, either 
full group or manufacturer group: converted to ‘full group 
3’. For the B1 licence, the following limitations shall be 
included: pressurised aeroplanes, metal-structure aeroplanes, 
wooden-structure aeroplanes and metal-tubing and fabric 
aeroplanes;  
— aeroplane multiple piston engines — composite structure, 
either full group or manufacturer group: converted to ‘full 
group 3’. For the B1 licence, the following limitations shall 
be included: pressurised aeroplanes, metal-structure aero­
planes, wooden-structure aeroplanes and metal-tubing and 
fabric aeroplanes;  
— aeroplane turbine — single engine, full group: converted to 
‘full sub-group 2a’ plus the aircraft type ratings for those 
single turboprop aeroplanes which did not require an aircraft 
type rating in the previous system and are in Group 1;  
— aeroplane turbine — single engine, manufacturer group: 
converted to the corresponding ‘manufacturer subgroup 2a’ 
plus the aircraft type ratings for those single turboprop aero­
planes of that manufacturer which did not require an aircraft 
type rating in the previous system and are in Group 1;  
— aeroplane turbine — multiple engines, full group: converted 
to the aircraft type ratings for those aeroplanes with multiple  
turboprop engines which did not require an aircraft type 
rating in the previous system.  
▼B 
2. for category B2:  
— aeroplane: converted to ‘full sub-group 2a’ and ‘full group 
3’, plus the aircraft type ratings for those aeroplanes which 
did not require an aircraft type rating in the previous system 
and are in group 1,  
— helicopter: converted to ‘full sub-groups 2b and 2c’, plus th e 
aircraft type ratings for those helicopters which did not 
require an aircraft type rating in the previous system and 
are in group 1;  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 138
 
3. for category C:  
— aeroplane: converted to ‘full sub-group 2a’ and ‘full group 
3’, plus the aircraft type ratings for those aeroplanes which 
did not require an aircraft type rating in the previous system 
and are in group 1,  
— helicopter: converted to ‘full sub-groups 2b and 2c’, plus th e 
aircraft type ratings for those helicopters which did not 
require an aircraft type rating in the previous system and 
are in group 1.  
(c) If the licence was subject to limitations following the con version 
process referred to in point 66.A.70, these limitations shall r emain 
on the licence, unless they are removed under the conditions 
defined in the relevant conversion report referred to in 
point 66.B.300.  
▼M5 
66.B.130  Procedure for the direct approval of aircraft type training  
(a) In the case of type training for aircraft other than airshi ps, the 
competent authority may approve aircraft type training not 
conducted by a maintenance training organisation approved in 
accordance with Annex IV (Part-147), pursuant to point 1 of 
Appendix III to this Annex (Part-66). In such case, the 
competent authority shall have a procedure to ensure that the 
aircraft type training complies with Appendix III to this 
Annex (Part-66).  
(b) In the case of type training for airships in Group 1, the c ourses 
shall be directly approved by the competent authority in all 
cases. The competent authority shall have a procedure to ensure  
that the syllabus of the airship-type training covers all the e lements 
contained in the maintenance data from the Design Approval 
Holder (DAH).  
▼B 
SUBPART C  
EXAMINATIONS  
This Subpart provides the procedures to be followed for the exa minations 
conducted by the competent authority.  
66.B.200  Examination by the competent authority  
(a) All examination questions shall be kept in a secure manner prior 
to an examination, to ensure that candidates will not know whic h 
particular questions will form the basis of the examination.  
(b) The competent authority shall nominate:  
1. persons who control the questions to be used for each 
examination;  
2. examiners who shall be present during all examinations to 
ensure the integrity of the examination.  
▼M5 
(c) Basic examinations shall follow the standard specified in 
Appendices I and II or in Appendices VII and VIII to this 
Annex (Part-66), as applicable.  
▼B 
(d) Type training examinations and type examinations shall foll ow 
the standard specified in Appendix III to this Annex (Part-66).  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 139
 
(e) New essay questions shall be raised at least every 6 months  and 
questions already used withdrawn or rested from use. A record o f 
the questions used shall be retained in the records for referen ce. 
(f) All examination papers shall be handed out at the start of the 
examination to the candidate and handed back to the examiner 
at the end of the allotted examination time period. 
No examination paper may be removed from the examination 
room during the allotted examination time period.  
(g) Apart from specific documentation needed for type examinati ons, 
only the examination paper may be available to the candidate 
during the examination.  
(h) Examination candidates shall be separated from each other s o that 
they cannot read each other's examination papers. They may not 
speak to any person other than the examiner.  
(i) Candidates who are proven to be cheating shall be banned fr om 
taking any further examination within 12 months of the date of 
the examination in which they were found cheating.  
SUBPART D  
CONVERSION OF CERTIFYING STAFF QUALIFICATIONS  
This Subpart provides the procedures for the conversion of cert ifying staff 
qualifications referred to in point 66.A.70 to aircraft mainten ance licences.  
66.B.300  General  
(a) The competent authority may only convert qualifications (i)  
obtained in the Member State for which it is competent, without  
prejudice to bilateral agreements and (ii) valid prior to the e ntry 
into force of the applicable requirements of this Annex (Part-6 6). 
(b) The competent authority may only perform the conversion in 
accordance with a conversion report established pursuant to 
points 66.B.305 or 66.B.310, as applicable.  
(c) Conversion reports shall be either (i) developed by the com petent 
authority or (ii) approved by the competent authority to ensure  
compliance with this Annex (Part-66).  
(d) Conversion reports together with any change of these shall be kept 
on record by the competent authority in accordance with 
point 66.B.20.  
66.B.305  Conversion report for national qualifications  
(a) The conversion report for national certifying staff qualifi cations 
shall describe the scope of each type of qualification, includi ng 
the associated national licence, if any, the associated privile ges 
and include a copy of the relevant national regulations definin g 
these.  
(b) The conversion report shall show for each type of qualifica tion 
referred to in point (a):  
1. to which aircraft maintenance licence it will be converted; and 
2. which limitations shall be added in accordance with points 
66.A.70(c) or (d), as applicable; and  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 140
 
3. the conditions to remove the limitations, specifying the mod ule/ 
subjects on which examination is needed to remove the limi­
tations and obtain a full aircraft maintenance licence, or to 
include an additional (sub-) category. This shall include the 
modules defined in  ►M5 Appendix I ◄ to this Annex (Part- 
66) not covered by the national qualification.  
66.B.310  Conversion report for approved maintenance organisations auth ­
orisations  
(a) For each approved maintenance organisation concerned, the 
conversion report shall describe the scope of each type of auth or­
isation issued by the maintenance organisation and include a co py 
of the relevant approved maintenance organisation's procedures for 
the qualification and the authorisation of certifying staff on which 
the conversion process is based.  
(b) The conversion report shall show for each type of authorisa tion 
referred to in point (a):  
1. to which aircraft maintenance licence it will be converted, and 
2. which limitations shall be added in accordance with points 
66.A.70(c) or (d), as applicable, and  
3. the conditions to remove the limitations, specifying the mod ule/ 
subjects on which examination is needed to remove the limi­
tations and obtain a full aircraft maintenance licence, or to 
include an additional (sub-) category. This shall include the 
modules defined in Appendix III to this Annex (Part-66) not 
covered by the national qualification.  
SUBPART E  
EXAMINATION CREDITS  
▼M11  
This Subpart provides the procedures for granting examination c redits referred to 
in point 66.A.25(e).  
▼B 
66.B.400  General  
(a) The competent authority may only grant credit on the basis of a 
credit report prepared in accordance with point 66.B.405.  
(b) The credit report shall be either (i) developed by the comp etent 
authority or (ii) approved by the competent authority to ensure  
compliance with this Annex (Part-66).  
(c) Credit reports together with any change of these shall be d ated and 
kept on record by the competent authority in accordance with 
point 66.B.20.  
▼M5 
66.B.405  Examination credit report  
(a) The credit report shall include a comparison between the 
following:  
(i) the modules, submodules, subjects and knowledge levels 
contained in Appendices I or VII to this Annex (Part-66), as 
applicable;  
(ii) the syllabus of the technical qualification concerned, rel evant 
to the particular category being sought.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 141
 
This comparison shall state whether compliance has been demon­
strated and contain the justifications for each statement.  
(b) Credits for examinations, other than basic knowledge examin ations 
carried out in maintenance training organisations approved in 
accordance with Annex IV (Part-147), can only be granted by 
the competent authority of the Member State in which the qualif i­
cation has been obtained, unless a formal agreement exists with  
such competent authority advising otherwise.  
(c) No credit can be granted unless there is a statement of com pliance 
for each module and submodule, indicating where the equivalent 
standard can be found in the technical qualification.  
(d) The competent authority shall check on a regular basis whet her the 
following have changed:  
(i) the national qualification standard;  
(ii) Appendices I or VII to this Annex (Part-66), as applicable . 
The competent authority shall also assess if changes to the cre dit 
report are consequently required. Such changes shall be docu­
mented, dated and recorded.  
▼B 
66.B.410  Examination credit validity  
(a) The competent authority shall notify to the applicant in wr iting any 
credits granted together with the reference to the credit repor t used.  
(b) Credits shall expire 10 years after they are granted.  
▼M5 
(c) Upon expiration of the credits, the applicant may apply for  new 
credits. The competent authority shall extend the validity of t he 
credits for an additional period of 10 years without further co n­
sideration if the basic knowledge requirements defined in 
Appendices I or VII to this Annex (Part-66), as applicable, hav e 
not been changed.  
▼B 
SUBPART F  
CONTINUING OVERSIGHT  
This Subpart describes the procedures for the continuing oversi ght of the aircraft 
maintenance licence and in particular for the revocation, suspe nsion or limitation 
of the aircraft maintenance licence.  
66.B.500  Revocation, suspension or limitation of the aircraft maintenance 
licence  
The competent authority shall suspend, limit or revoke the airc raft 
maintenance licence where it has identified a safety issue or i f it has 
clear evidence that the person has carried out or been involved  in one 
or more of the following activities:  
1. obtaining the aircraft maintenance licence and/or the certif ication 
privileges by falsification of documentary evidence;  
2. failing to carry out requested maintenance combined with fai lure to 
report such fact to the organisation or person who requested th e 
maintenance;  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 142
 
3. failing to carry out required maintenance resulting from own  
inspection combined with failure to report such fact to the org anis­
ation or person for whom the maintenance was intended to be 
carried out;  
4. negligent maintenance;  
5. falsification of the maintenance record;  
6. issuing a certificate of release to service knowing that the  main­
tenance specified on the certificate of release to service has not been 
carried out or without verifying that such maintenance has been  
carried out;  
7. carrying out maintenance or issuing a certificate of release  to service 
when adversely affected by alcohol or drugs;  
▼M11  
8. issuing certificate of release to service while not in compl iance with 
this Regulation.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 143
 
Appendix I  
Basic Knowledge Requirements  
(except for category L licence)  
1. Knowledge levels for category A, B1, B2, B2L, B3 and C aircraft main ­
tenance licences  
Basic knowledge for categories A, B1, B2, B2L and B3 is indicat ed by 
knowledge levels (1, 2 or 3) of each applicable subject. Catego ry C applicants 
shall meet either the category B1 or the category B2 basic know ledge levels.  
▼B 
The knowledge level indicators are defined on 3 levels as follo ws: 
— LEVEL 1: A familiarisation with the principal elements of the subject.  
Objectives:  
(a) The applicant should be familiar with the basic elements of  the 
subject.  
(b) The applicant should be able to give a simple description o f the whole 
subject, using common words and examples.  
(c) The applicant should be able to use typical terms.  
— LEVEL 2: A general knowledge of the theoretical and practical aspects of 
the subject and an ability to apply that knowledge.  
Objectives:  
(a) The applicant should be able to understand the theoretical funda­
mentals of the subject.  
(b) The applicant should be able to give a general description of the 
subject using, as appropriate, typical examples.  
(c) The applicant should be able to use mathematical formulae i n 
conjunction with physical laws describing the subject.  
(d) The applicant should be able to read and understand sketche s, 
drawings and schematics describing the subject.  
(e) The applicant should be able to apply his knowledge in a pr actical 
manner using detailed procedures.  
— LEVEL 3: A detailed knowledge of the theoretical and practical aspects of 
the subject and a capacity to combine and apply the separate elements of 
knowledge in a logical and comprehensive manner.  
Objectives:  
(a) The applicant should know the theory of the subject and int erre­
lationships with other subjects.  
(b) The applicant should be able to give a detailed description  of the 
subject using theoretical fundamentals and specific examples.  
(c) The applicant should understand and be able to use mathemat ical 
formulae related to the subject.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 144
 
(d) The applicant should be able to read, understand and prepar e 
sketches, simple drawings and schematics describing the subject . 
(e) The applicant should be able to apply his knowledge in a pr actical 
manner using manufacturer's instructions.  
(f) The applicant should be able to interpret results from vari ous sources 
and measurements and apply corrective action where appropriate.  
▼M5 
2. Modularisation  
Qualification on basic subjects for each aircraft maintenance l icence category 
or subcategory shall be in accordance with the following matrix , where 
applicable subjects are indicated by an ‘X’:  
For categories A, B1 and B3:  
Subject module  A or B1 aeroplane with:  A or B1 helicopter with:  B 3  
Turbine engine(s)  Piston engine(s)  Turbine engine(s)  Piston engine(s)  Piston engine 
non-pressurised 
aeroplanes of 
2 000 kg MTOM 
and below  
1 X  X  X  X  X  
2 X  X  X  X  X  
3 X  X  X  X  X  
4 X  X  X  X  X  
5 X  X  X  X  X  
6 X  X  X  X  X  
7A X  X  X  X  
7B X 
8 X  X  X  X  X  
9A X  X  X  X  
9B X 
10 X  X  X  X  X  
11A X  
11B X  
11C X 
12 X  X  
13 
14 
15 X  X  
16 X  X  X  
17A X  X  
17B X ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 145
 
For categories B2 and B2L:  
Subject module/submodules  B 2  B2L  
1 X  X  
2 X  X  
3 X  X  
4 X  X  
5 X  X  
6 X  X  
7A X  X  
7B 
8 X  X  
9A X  X  
9B 
10 X  X  
11A 
11B 
11C 
12 
13.1 and 13.2  X  X  
13.3(a)  X  X (for system rating ‘Autoflight’)  
13.3(b)  X  
13.4(a)  X  X (for system rating ‘Com/Nav’)  
13.4(b)  X  X (for system rating ‘Surveillance’)  
13.4(c)  X  
13.5 X  X  
13.6 X  
13.7 X  X (for system rating ‘Autoflight’)  
13.8 X  X (for system rating ‘Instruments’)  
13.9 X  X  
13.10  X  
13.11 to 13.18  X  X (for system rating ‘Airframe 
systems’)  
13.19 to 13.22  X  
14 X  X (for system ratings ‘Instruments’ and 
‘Airframe systems’)  
15 
16 
17A 
17B ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 146
 
MODULE 1. MATHEMATICS  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
1.1 Arithmetic  1  2  2  2  
Arithmetical terms and signs, methods of multiplication and div ision, fractions and 
decimals, factors and multiples, weights, measures and conversi on factors, ratio and 
proportion, averages and percentages, areas and volumes, square s, cubes, square 
and cube roots.  
1.2 Algebra  
(a) Evaluating simple algebraic expressions, addition, subtract ion, multiplication 
and division, use of brackets, simple algebraic fractions;  1 2  2  2  
(b) Linear equations and their solutions; 
Indices and powers, negative and fractional indices; 
Binary and other applicable numbering systems; 
Simultaneous equations and second degree equations with one unk nown; 
Logarithms.  — 1  1  1  
1.3 Geometry  
(a) Simple geometrical constructions;  —  1  1  1  
(b) Graphical representation; nature and uses of graphs, graphs  of equations/ 
functions;  2 2  2  2  
(c) Simple trigonometry; trigonometrical relationships, use of tables and rectangular 
and polar coordinates.  — 2  2  2  
MODULE 2. PHYSICS  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
2.1 Matter  1 1  1  1  
Nature of matter: the chemical elements, structure of atoms, mo lecules;  
Chemical compounds;  
States: solid, liquid and gaseous;  
Changes between states.  
2.2 Mechanics  
2.2.1  Statics  1 2  1  1  
Forces, moments and couples, representation as vectors;  
Centre of gravity;  
Elements of theory of stress, strain and elasticity: tension, c ompression, shear and 
torsion;  
Nature and properties of solid, fluid and gas;  
Pressure and buoyancy in liquids (barometers).  
2.2.2  Kinetics  1  2  1  1  
Linear movement: uniform motion in a straight line, motion unde r constant 
acceleration (motion under gravity);  
Rotational movement: uniform circular motion (centrifugal/centr ipetal forces);  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 147
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
Periodic motion: pendular movement;  
Simple theory of vibration, harmonics and resonance;  
Velocity ratio, mechanical advantage and efficiency.  
2.2.3  Dynamics  
(a) Mass; 
Force, inertia, work, power, energy (potential, kinetic and tot al energy), heat, 
efficiency;  1 2  1  1  
(b) Momentum, conservation of momentum; 
Impulse; 
Gyroscopic principles; 
Friction: nature and effects, coefficient of friction (rolling resistance).  1 2  2  1  
2.2.4  Fluid dynamics  
(a) Specific gravity and density;  2  2  2  2  
(b) Viscosity, fluid resistance, effects of streamlining; 
Effects of compressibility on fluids; 
Static, dynamic and total pressure: Bernoulli's Theorem, ventur i. 1 2  1  1  
2.3 Thermodynamics  
(a) Temperature: thermometers and temperature scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit and 
Kelvin; Heat definition;  2 2  2  2  
(b) Heat capacity, specific heat; 
Heat transfer: convection, radiation and conduction; 
Volumetric expansion; 
First and second law of thermodynamics; 
Gases: ideal gases laws; specific heat at constant volume and c onstant 
pressure, work done by expanding gas; 
Isothermal, adiabatic expansion and compression, engine cycles,  constant 
volume and constant pressure, refrigerators and heat pumps; 
Latent heats of fusion and evaporation, thermal energy, heat of  combustion.  — 2  2  1  
2.4 Optics (Light)  —  2  2  —  
Nature of light; speed of light;  
Laws of reflection and refraction: reflection at plane surfaces , reflection by 
spherical mirrors, refraction, lenses;  
Fibre optics.  
2.5 Wave Motion and Sound  —  2  2  —  
Wave motion: mechanical waves, sinusoidal wave motion, interfer ence 
phenomena, standing waves;  
Sound: speed of sound, production of sound, intensity, pitch an d quality, Doppler 
effect.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 148
 
MODULE 3. ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
3.1 Electron Theory  1  1  1  1  
Structure and distribution of electrical charges within: atoms,  molecules, ions, 
compounds;  
Molecular structure of conductors, semiconductors and insulator s. 
3.2 Static Electricity and Conduction  1  2  2  1  
Static electricity and distribution of electrostatic charges;  
Electrostatic laws of attraction and repulsion;  
Units of charge, Coulomb's Law;  
Conduction of electricity in solids, liquids, gases and a vacuu m. 
3.3 Electrical Terminology  1  2  2  1  
The following terms, their units and factors affecting them: po tential difference, 
electromotive force, voltage, current, resistance, conductance,  charge, conventional 
current flow, electron flow.  
3.4 Generation of Electricity  1  1  1  1  
Production of electricity by the following methods: light, heat , friction, pressure, 
chemical action, magnetism and motion.  
3.5 DC Sources of Electricity  1  2  2  2  
Construction and basic chemical action of: primary cells, secon dary cells, lead 
acid cells, nickel cadmium cells, other alkaline cells;  
Cells connected in series and parallel;  
Internal resistance and its effect on a battery;  
Construction, materials and operation of thermocouples;  
Operation of photo-cells.  
3.6 DC Circuits  —  2  2  1  
Ohms Law, Kirchoff's Voltage and Current Laws;  
Calculations using the above laws to find resistance, voltage a nd current;  
Significance of the internal resistance of a supply.  
3.7 Resistance/Resistor  
(a) Resistance and affecting factors; 
Specific resistance; 
Resistor colour code, values and tolerances, preferred values, wattage ratings; 
Resistors in series and parallel; 
Calculation of total resistance using series, parallel and seri es parallel combi­
nations; 
Operation and use of potentiometers and rheostats; 
Operation of Wheatstone Bridge;  — 2  2  1  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 149
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
(b) Positive and negative temperature coefficient conductance; 
Fixed resistors, stability, tolerance and limitations, methods of construction; 
Variable resistors, thermistors, voltage dependent resistors; 
Construction of potentiometers and rheostats; 
Construction of Wheatstone Bridge.  — 1  1  —  
3.8 Power  — 2  2  1  
Power, work and energy (kinetic and potential);  
Dissipation of power by a resistor;  
Power formula;  
Calculations involving power, work and energy.  
3.9 Capacitance/Capacitor  —  2  2  1  
Operation and function of a capacitor;  
Factors affecting capacitance area of plates, distance between plates, number of 
plates, dielectric and dielectric constant, working voltage, vo ltage rating;  
Capacitor types, construction and function;  
Capacitor colour coding;  
Calculations of capacitance and voltage in series and parallel circuits;  
Exponential charge and discharge of a capacitor, time constants ; 
Testing of capacitors.  
3.10 Magnetism  
(a) Theory of magnetism; 
Properties of a magnet; 
Action of a magnet suspended in the Earth's magnetic field; 
Magnetisation and demagnetisation; 
Magnetic shielding; 
Various types of magnetic material; 
Electromagnets construction and principles of operation; 
Hand clasp rules to determine: magnetic field around current ca rrying 
conductor;  — 2  2  1  
(b) Magnetomotive force, field strength, magnetic flux density,  permeability, 
hysteresis loop, retentivity, coercive force reluctance, satura tion point, eddy 
currents; 
Precautions for care and storage of magnets.  — 2  2  1  
3.11 Inductance/Inductor  —  2  2  1  
Faraday's Law;  
Action of inducing a voltage in a conductor moving in a magneti c field;  
Induction principles;  
Effects of the following on the magnitude of an induced voltage : magnetic field 
strength, rate of change of flux, number of conductor turns;  
Mutual induction;  
The effect the rate of change of primary current and mutual ind uctance has on 
induced voltage;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 150
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
Factors affecting mutual inductance: number of turns in coil, p hysical size of coil, 
permeability of coil, position of coils with respect to each ot her; 
Lenz's Law and polarity determining rules;  
Back emf, self induction;  
Saturation point;  
Principle uses of inductors.  
3.12 DC Motor/Generator Theory  —  2  2  1  
Basic motor and generator theory;  
Construction and purpose of components in DC generator;  
Operation of, and factors affecting output and direction of cur rent flow in DC 
generators;  
Operation of, and factors affecting output power, torque, speed  and direction of 
rotation of DC motors;  
Series wound, shunt wound and compound motors;  
Starter Generator construction.  
3.13 AC Theory  1  2  2  1  
Sinusoidal waveform: phase, period, frequency, cycle;  
Instantaneous, average, root mean square, peak, peak to peak cu rrent values and 
calculations of these values, in relation to voltage, current a nd power;  
Triangular/Square waves;  
Single/3 phase principles.  
3.14 Resistive (R), Capacitive (C) and Inductive (L) Circuits  —  2  2  1  
Phase relationship of voltage and current in L, C and R circuit s, parallel, series 
and series parallel;  
Power dissipation in L, C and R circuits;  
Impedance, phase angle, power factor and current calculations;  
True power, apparent power and reactive power calculations.  
3.15 Transformers  —  2  2  1  
Transformer construction principles and operation;  
Transformer losses and methods for overcoming them;  
Transformer action under load and no-load conditions;  
Power transfer, efficiency, polarity markings;  
Calculation of line and phase voltages and currents;  
Calculation of power in a three phase system;  
Primary and Secondary current, voltage, turns ratio, power, eff iciency;  
Auto transformers.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 151
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
3.16 Filters  — 1  1  —  
Operation, application and uses of the following filters: low p ass, high pass, band 
pass, band stop.  
3.17 AC Generators  —  2  2  1  
Rotation of loop in a magnetic field and waveform produced;  
Operation and construction of revolving armature and revolving field type AC 
generators;  
Single phase, two phase and three phase alternators;  
Three phase star and delta connections advantages and uses;  
Permanent Magnet Generators.  
3.18 AC Motors  —  2  2  1  
Construction, principles of operation and characteristics of: A C synchronous and 
induction motors both single and polyphase;  
Methods of speed control and direction of rotation;  
Methods of producing a rotating field: capacitor, inductor, sha ded or split pole.  
MODULE 4. ELECTRONIC FUNDAMENTALS  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
4.1 Semiconductors  
4.1.1  Diodes  
(a) Diode symbols; 
Diode characteristics and properties; 
Diodes in series and parallel; 
Main characteristics and use of silicon controlled rectifiers ( thyristors), light 
emitting diode, photo conductive diode, varistor, rectifier dio des; 
Functional testing of diodes.  — 2  2  1  
(b) Materials, electron configuration, electrical properties; 
P and N type materials: effects of impurities on conduction, ma jority and 
minority characters; 
PN junction in a semiconductor, development of a potential acro ss a PN 
junction in unbiased, forward biased and reverse biased conditi ons; 
Diode parameters: peak inverse voltage, maximum forward current , 
temperature, frequency, leakage current, power dissipation; 
Operation and function of diodes in the following circuits: cli ppers, clampers, 
full and half wave rectifiers, bridge rectifiers, voltage doubl ers and triplers; 
Detailed operation and characteristics of the following devices : silicon 
controlled rectifier (thyristor), light emitting diode, Schottk y diode, photo 
conductive diode, varactor diode, varistor, rectifier diodes, Z ener diode.  — —  2  —  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 152
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
4.1.2  Transistors  
(a) Transistor symbols; 
Component description and orientation; 
Transistor characteristics and properties.  — 1  2  1  
(b) Construction and operation of PNP and NPN transistors; 
Base, collector and emitter configurations; 
Testing of transistors; 
Basic appreciation of other transistor types and their uses; 
Application of transistors: classes of amplifier (A, B, C); 
Simple circuits including: bias, decoupling, feedback and stabi lisation; 
Multistage circuit principles: cascades, push-pull, oscillators , multivibrators, 
flip-flop circuits.  — —  2  —  
4.1.3  Integrated Circuits  
(a) Description and operation of logic circuits and linear circ uits/operational 
amplifiers;  — 1  —  1  
(b) Description and operation of logic circuits and linear circ uits; 
Introduction to operation and function of an operational amplif ier used as: 
integrator, differentiator, voltage follower, comparator; 
Operation and amplifier stages connecting methods: resistive ca pacitive, 
inductive (transformer), inductive resistive (IR), direct; 
Advantages and disadvantages of positive and negative feedback.  — —  2  —  
4.2 Printed Circuit Boards  —  1  2  —  
Description and use of printed circuit boards.  
4.3 Servomechanisms  
(a) Understanding of the following terms: Open and closed loop systems, 
feedback, follow up, analogue transducers; 
Principles of operation and use of the following synchro system  components/ 
features: resolvers, differential, control and torque, transfor mers, inductance 
and capacitance transmitters;  — 1  —  —  
(b) Understanding of the following terms: Open and closed loop,  follow up, 
servomechanism, analogue, transducer, null, damping, feedback, deadband; 
Construction operation and use of the following synchro system components: 
resolvers, differential, control and torque, E and I transforme rs, inductance 
transmitters, capacitance transmitters, synchronous transmitter s; 
Servomechanism defects, reversal of synchro leads, hunting.  — —  2  —  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 153
 
MODULE 5. DIGITAL TECHNIQUES/ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS  
LEVEL  
A B1-1 
B1-3  B1-2 
B1-4  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
5.1 Electronic Instrument Systems  1  2  2  3  1  
Typical systems arrangements and cockpit layout of electronic 
instrument systems.  
5.2 Numbering Systems  —  1  —  2  —  
Numbering systems: binary, octal and hexadecimal;  
Demonstration of conversions between the decimal and binary, oc tal 
and hexadecimal systems and vice versa.  
5.3 Data Conversion  —  1  —  2  —  
Analogue Data, Digital Data;  
Operation and application of analogue to digital, and digital t o 
analogue converters, inputs and outputs, limitations of various  types.  
5.4 Data Buses  —  2  —  2  —  
Operation of data buses in aircraft systems, including knowledg e of 
ARINC and other specifications.  
Aircraft Network/Ethernet.  
5.5 Logic Circuits  
(a) Identification of common logic gate symbols, tables and 
equivalent circuits; 
Applications used for aircraft systems, schematic diagrams.  — 2  —  2  ►M5 —  ◄  
(b) Interpretation of logic diagrams.  —  —  —  2  —  
5.6 Basic Computer Structure  
(a) Computer terminology (including bit, byte, software, hardwa re, 
CPU, IC, and various memory devices such as RAM, ROM, 
PROM); 
Computer technology (as applied in aircraft systems).  1 2  —  —  —  
(b) Computer related terminology; 
Operation, layout and interface of the major components in a 
micro computer including their associated bus systems; 
Information contained in single and multiaddress instruction 
words; 
Memory associated terms; 
Operation of typical memory devices; 
Operation, advantages and disadvantages of the various data 
storage systems.  — —  —  2  —  
5.7 Microprocessors  —  —  —  2  —  
Functions performed and overall operation of a microprocessor;  
Basic operation of each of the following microprocessor element s: 
control and processing unit, clock, register, arithmetic logic unit. ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 154
 
LEVEL  
A B1-1 
B1-3  B1-2 
B1-4  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
5.8 Integrated Circuits  —  —  —  2  —  
Operation and use of encoders and decoders;  
Function of encoder types;  
Uses of medium, large and very large scale integration.  
5.9 Multiplexing  —  —  —  2  —  
Operation, application and identification in logic diagrams of multi­
plexers and demultiplexers.  
5.10 Fibre Optics  —  1  1  2  —  
Advantages and disadvantages of fibre optic data transmission o ver 
electrical wire propagation;  
Fibre optic data bus;  
Fibre optic related terms;  
Terminations;  
Couplers, control terminals, remote terminals;  
Application of fibre optics in aircraft systems.  
5.11 Electronic Displays  —  2  1  2  ►M5 —  ◄  
Principles of operation of common types of displays used in mod ern 
aircraft, including Cathode Ray Tubes, Light Emitting Diodes an d 
Liquid Crystal Display.  
5.12 Electrostatic Sensitive Devices  1  2  2  2  ►M5 —  ◄  
Special handling of components sensitive to electrostatic disch arges;  
Awareness of risks and possible damage, component and personnel  
anti-static protection devices.  
5.13 Software Management Control  —  2  1  2  ►M5 —  ◄  
Awareness of restrictions, airworthiness requirements and possi ble 
catastrophic effects of unapproved changes to software programm es. 
5.14 Electromagnetic Environment  —  2  2  2  ►M5 —  ◄  
Influence of the following phenomena on maintenance practices f or 
electronic system: 
EMC-Electromagnetic Compatibility 
EMI-Electromagnetic Interference 
HIRF-High Intensity Radiated Field 
Lightning/lightning protection.  
5.15 Typical Electronic/Digital Aircraft Systems  —  2  2  2  ►M5 —  ◄  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 155
 
LEVEL  
A B1-1 
B1-3  B1-2 
B1-4  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
General arrangement of typical electronic/digital aircraft syst ems and 
associated BITE (Built In Test Equipment) such as: 
(a) For B1 and B2 only: 
ACARS-ARINC Communication and Addressing and Reporting 
System 
EICAS-Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System 
FBW-Fly-by-Wire 
FMS-Flight Management System 
IRS-Inertial Reference System; 
(b) For B1, B2 and B3: 
ECAM-Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitoring 
EFIS-Electronic Flight Instrument System 
GPS-Global Positioning System 
TCAS-Traffic Alert Collision Avoidance System 
Integrated Modular Avionics 
Cabin Systems 
Information Systems.  
MODULE 6. MATERIALS AND HARDWARE  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
6.1 Aircraft Materials — Ferrous  
(a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common al loy steels used in 
aircraft; 
Heat treatment and application of alloy steels.  1 2  1  2  
(b) Testing of ferrous materials for hardness, tensile strength , fatigue strength and 
impact resistance.  — 1  1  1  
6.2 Aircraft Materials — Non-Ferrous  
(a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common no n-ferrous materials 
used in aircraft; 
Heat treatment and application of non-ferrous materials;  1 2  1  2  
(b) Testing of non-ferrous material for hardness, tensile stren gth, fatigue strength 
and impact resistance.  — 1  1  1  
6.3 Aircraft Materials — Composite and Non-Metallic  
6.3.1  Composite and non-metallic other than wood and fabric  
(a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common co mposite and 
non-metallic materials, other than wood, used in aircraft; 
Sealant and bonding agents;  1 2  2  2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 156
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
(b) The detection of defects/deterioration in composite and non -metallic material; 
Repair of composite and non-metallic material.  1 2  —  2  
6.3.2  Wooden structures  1  2  —  2  
Construction methods of wooden airframe structures;  
Characteristics, properties and types of wood and glue used in aeroplanes;  
Preservation and maintenance of wooden structure;  
Types of defects in wood material and wooden structures;  
The detection of defects in wooden structure;  
Repair of wooden structure.  
6.3.3  Fabric covering  1  2  —  2  
Characteristics, properties and types of fabrics used in aeropl anes;  
Inspections methods for fabric;  
Types of defects in fabric;  
Repair of fabric covering.  
6.4 Corrosion  
(a) Chemical fundamentals; 
Formation by, galvanic action process, microbiological, stress;  1 1  1  1  
(b) Types of corrosion and their identification; 
Causes of corrosion; 
Material types, susceptibility to corrosion.  2 3  2  2  
6.5 Fasteners  
6.5.1  Screw threads  2  2  2  2  
Screw nomenclature;  
Thread forms, dimensions and tolerances for standard threads us ed in aircraft;  
Measuring screw threads.  
6.5.2  Bolts, studs and screws  2  2  2  2  
Bolt types: specification, identification and marking of aircra ft bolts, international 
standards;  
Nuts: self locking, anchor, standard types;  
Machine screws: aircraft specifications;  
Studs: types and uses, insertion and removal;  
Self tapping screws, dowels.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 157
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
6.5.3  Locking devices  2  2  2  2  
Tab and spring washers, locking plates, split pins, pal-nuts, w ire locking, quick 
release fasteners, keys, circlips, cotter pins.  
6.5.4  Aircraft rivets  1  2  1  2  
Types of solid and blind rivets: specifications and identificat ion, heat treatment.  
6.6 Pipes and Unions  
(a) Identification of, and types of rigid and flexible pipes an d their connectors 
used in aircraft;  2 2  2  2  
(b) Standard unions for aircraft hydraulic, fuel, oil, pneumati c and air system 
pipes.  2 2  1  2  
6.7 Springs  —  2  1  1  
Types of springs, materials, characteristics and applications.  
6.8 Bearings  1  2  2  1  
Purpose of bearings, loads, material, construction;  
Types of bearings and their application.  
6.9 Transmissions  1  2  2  1  
Gear types and their application;  
Gear ratios, reduction and multiplication gear systems, driven and driving gears, 
idler gears, mesh patterns;  
Belts and pulleys, chains and sprockets.  
6.10 Control Cables  1  2  1  2  
Types of cables;  
End fittings, turnbuckles and compensation devices;  
Pulleys and cable system components;  
Bowden cables;  
Aircraft flexible control systems.  
6.11 Electrical Cables and Connectors  1  2  2  2  
Cable types, construction and characteristics;  
High tension and co-axial cables;  
Crimping;  
Connector types, pins, plugs, sockets, insulators, current and voltage rating, 
coupling, identification codes.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 158
 
MODULE 7A. MAINTENANCE PRACTICES  
Note:  This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject ma tters for category B3 are defined in module 7B.  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  
7.1 Safety Precautions-Aircraft and Workshop  3  3  3  
Aspects of safe working practices including precautions to take  when working with 
electricity, gases especially oxygen, oils and chemicals.  
Also, instruction in the remedial action to be taken in the eve nt of a fire or another 
accident with one or more of these hazards including knowledge on extinguishing 
agents.  
7.2 Workshop Practices  3  3  3  
Care of tools, control of tools, use of workshop materials;  
Dimensions, allowances and tolerances, standards of workmanship ; 
Calibration of tools and equipment, calibration standards.  
7.3 Tools  3 3  3  
Common hand tool types;  
Common power tool types;  
Operation and use of precision measuring tools;  
Lubrication equipment and methods.  
Operation, function and use of electrical general test equipmen t. 
7.4 Avionic General Test Equipment  —  2  3  
Operation, function and use of avionic general test equipment.  
7.5 Engineering Drawings, Diagrams and Standards  1  2  2  
Drawing types and diagrams, their symbols, dimensions, toleranc es and projections;  
Identifying title block information;  
Microfilm, microfiche and computerised presentations;  
Specification 100 of the Air Transport Association (ATA) of Ame rica; 
Aeronautical and other applicable standards including ISO, AN, MS, NAS and MIL;  
Wiring diagrams and schematic diagrams.  
7.6 Fits and Clearances  1  2  1  
Drill sizes for bolt holes, classes of fits;  
Common system of fits and clearances;  
Schedule of fits and clearances for aircraft and engines;  
Limits for bow, twist and wear;  
Standard methods for checking shafts, bearings and other parts.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 159
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  
7.7 Electrical Wiring Interconnection System (EWIS)  1  3  3  
Continuity, insulation and bonding techniques and testing;  
Use of crimp tools: hand and hydraulic operated;  
Testing of crimp joints;  
Connector pin removal and insertion;  
Co-axial cables: testing and installation precautions;  
Identification of wire types, their inspection criteria and dam age tolerance.  
Wiring protection techniques: Cable looming and loom support, c able clamps, 
protective sleeving techniques including heat shrink wrapping, shielding;  
EWIS installations, inspection, repair, maintenance and cleanli ness standards.  
7.8 Riveting  1 2  —  
Riveted joints, rivet spacing and pitch;  
Tools used for riveting and dimpling;  
Inspection of riveted joints.  
7.9 Pipes and Hoses  1  2  —  
Bending and belling/flaring aircraft pipes;  
Inspection and testing of aircraft pipes and hoses;  
Installation and clamping of pipes.  
7.10 Springs  1 2  —  
Inspection and testing of springs.  
7.11 Bearings  1 2  —  
Testing, cleaning and inspection of bearings;  
Lubrication requirements of bearings;  
Defects in bearings and their causes.  
7.12 Transmissions  1  2  —  
Inspection of gears, backlash;  
Inspection of belts and pulleys, chains and sprockets;  
Inspection of screw jacks, lever devices, push-pull rod systems . ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 160
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  
7.13 Control Cables  1  2  —  
Swaging of end fittings;  
Inspection and testing of control cables;  
Bowden cables; aircraft flexible control systems.  
7.14 Material handling  
7.14.1  Sheet Metal  —  2  —  
Marking out and calculation of bend allowance;  
Sheet metal working, including bending and forming;  
Inspection of sheet metal work.  
7.14.2  Composite and non-metallic  —  2  —  
Bonding practices;  
Environmental conditions;  
Inspection methods.  
7.15 Welding, Brazing, Soldering and Bonding  
(a) Soldering methods; inspection of soldered joints.  —  2  2  
(b) Welding and brazing methods; 
Inspection of welded and brazed joints; 
Bonding methods and inspection of bonded joints.  — 2  —  
7.16 Aircraft Weight and Balance  
(a) Centre of Gravity/Balance limits calculation: use of releva nt documents;  —  2  2  
(b) Preparation of aircraft for weighing; 
Aircraft weighing.  — 2  —  
7.17 Aircraft Handling and Storage  2  2  2  
Aircraft taxiing/towing and associated safety precautions;  
Aircraft jacking, chocking, securing and associated safety prec autions;  
Aircraft storage methods;  
Refuelling/defuelling procedures;  
De-icing/anti-icing procedures;  
Electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic ground supplies.  
Effects of environmental conditions on aircraft handling and op eration.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 161
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  
7.18 Disassembly, Inspection, Repair and Assembly Techniques  
(a) Types of defects and visual inspection techniques; 
Corrosion removal, assessment and reprotection;  2 3  3  
(b) General repair methods, Structural Repair Manual; 
Ageing, fatigue and corrosion control programmes;  — 2  —  
(c) Non-destructive inspection techniques including, penetrant,  radiographic, eddy 
current, ultrasonic and boroscope methods;  — 2  1  
(d) Disassembly and re-assembly techniques;  2  2  2  
(e) Trouble shooting techniques.  —  2  2  
7.19 Abnormal Events  
(a) Inspections following lightning strikes and HIRF penetratio n; 2  2  2  
(b) Inspections following abnormal events such as heavy landing s and flight through 
turbulence.  2 2  —  
7.20 Maintenance Procedures  1  2  2  
Maintenance planning;  
Modification procedures;  
Stores procedures;  
Certification/release procedures;  
Interface with aircraft operation;  
Maintenance Inspection/Quality Control/Quality Assurance;  
Additional maintenance procedures;  
Control of life limited components.  
MODULE 7B. MAINTENANCE PRACTICES  
Note:  The scope of this module shall reflect the technology of aerop lanes relevant to the B3 category.  
LEVEL  
B3 
7.1 Safety Precautions-Aircraft and Workshop  3  
Aspects of safe working practices including precautions to take  when working with electricity, 
gases especially oxygen, oils and chemicals.  
Also, instruction in the remedial action to be taken in the eve nt of a fire or another accident with 
one or more of these hazards including knowledge on extinguishi ng agents.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 162
 
LEVEL  
B3 
7.2 Workshop Practices  3 
Care of tools, control of tools, use of workshop materials;  
Dimensions, allowances and tolerances, standards of workmanship ; 
Calibration of tools and equipment, calibration standards.  
7.3 Tools  3 
Common hand tool types;  
Common power tool types;  
Operation and use of precision measuring tools;  
Lubrication equipment and methods;  
Operation, function and use of electrical general test equipmen t. 
7.4 Avionic General Test Equipment  ►M5 1  ◄  
Operation, function and use of avionic general test equipment.  
7.5 Engineering Drawings, Diagrams and Standards  2  
Drawing types and diagrams, their symbols, dimensions, toleranc es and projections;  
Identifying title block information;  
Microfilm, microfiche and computerised presentations;  
Specification 100 of the Air Transport Association (ATA) of Ame rica; 
Aeronautical and other applicable standards including ISO, AN, MS, NAS and MIL;  
Wiring diagrams and schematic diagrams.  
7.6 Fits and Clearances  2 
Drill sizes for bolt holes, classes of fits;  
Common system of fits and clearances;  
Schedule of fits and clearances for aircraft and engines;  
Limits for bow, twist and wear;  
Standard methods for checking shafts, bearings and other parts.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 163
 
LEVEL  
B3 
7.7 Electrical Cables and Connectors  2  
Continuity, insulation and bonding techniques and testing;  
Use of crimp tools: hand and hydraulic operated;  
Testing of crimp joints;  
Connector pin removal and insertion;  
Co-axial cables: testing and installation precautions;  
Wiring protection techniques: Cable looming and loom support, c able clamps, protective 
sleeving techniques including heat shrink wrapping, shielding.  
7.8 Riveting  2 
Riveted joints, rivet spacing and pitch;  
Tools used for riveting and dimpling;  
Inspection of riveted joints.  
7.9 Pipes and Hoses  2 
Bending and belling/flaring aircraft pipes;  
Inspection and testing of aircraft pipes and hoses;  
Installation and clamping of pipes.  
7.10 Springs  ►M5 2  ◄  
Inspection and testing of springs.  
7.11 Bearings  2 
Testing, cleaning and inspection of bearings;  
Lubrication requirements of bearings;  
Defects in bearings and their causes.  
7.12 Transmissions  2 
Inspection of gears, backlash;  
Inspection of belts and pulleys, chains and sprockets;  
Inspection of screw jacks, lever devices, push-pull rod systems . 
7.13 Control Cables  2 
Swaging of end fittings;  
Inspection and testing of control cables;  
Bowden cables; aircraft flexible control systems.  
7.14 Material handling  
7.14.1  Sheet Metal  2 
Marking out and calculation of bend allowance;  
Sheet metal working, including bending and forming;  
Inspection of sheet metal work.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 164
 
LEVEL  
B3 
7.14.2  Composite and non-metallic  2  
Bonding practices;  
Environmental conditions;  
Inspection methods.  
7.15 Welding, Brazing, Soldering and Bonding  
(a) Soldering methods; inspection of soldered joints;  2  
(b) Welding and brazing methods; 
Inspection of welded and brazed joints; 
Bonding methods and inspection of bonded joints.  2 
7.16 Aircraft Weight and Balance  
(a) Centre of Gravity/Balance limits calculation: use of releva nt documents;  2  
(b) Preparation of aircraft for weighing; 
Aircraft weighing.  2 
7.17 Aircraft Handling and Storage  2  
Aircraft taxiing/towing and associated safety precautions;  
Aircraft jacking, chocking, securing and associated safety prec autions;  
Aircraft storage methods;  
Refuelling/defuelling procedures;  
De-icing/anti-icing procedures;  
Electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic ground supplies;  
Effects of environmental conditions on aircraft handling and op eration.  
7.18 Disassembly, Inspection, Repair and Assembly Techniques  
(a) Types of defects and visual inspection techniques; 
Corrosion removal, assessment and reprotection;  3 
(b) General repair methods, Structural Repair Manual; 
Ageing, fatigue and corrosion control programmes;  2 
(c) Non-destructive inspection techniques including, penetrant,  radiographic, eddy current, 
ultrasonic and boroscope methods;  2 
(d) Disassembly and re-assembly techniques;  2  
(e) Trouble shooting techniques.  2  
7.19 Abnormal Events  
(a) Inspections following lightning strikes and HIRF penetratio n. 2  
(b) Inspections following abnormal events such as heavy landing s and flight through turbulence.  2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 165
 
LEVEL  
B3 
7.20 Maintenance Procedures  2 
Maintenance planning;  
Modification procedures;  
Stores procedures;  
Certification/release procedures;  
Interface with aircraft operation;  
Maintenance Inspection/Quality Control/Quality Assurance;  
Additional maintenance procedures;  
Control of life limited components.  
MODULE 8. BASIC AERODYNAMICS  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  B3 
8.1 Physics of the Atmosphere  1  2  2  1  
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), application to aerodyn amics.  
8.2 Aerodynamics  1  2  2  1  
Airflow around a body;  
Boundary layer, laminar and turbulent flow, free stream flow, r elative airflow, 
upwash and downwash, vortices, stagnation;  
The terms: camber, chord, mean aerodynamic chord, profile (para site) drag, induced 
drag, centre of pressure, angle of attack, wash in and wash out , fineness ratio, wing 
shape and aspect ratio;  
Thrust, Weight, Aerodynamic Resultant;  
Generation of Lift and Drag: Angle of Attack, Lift coefficient,  Drag coefficient, 
polar curve, stall;  
Aerofoil contamination including ice, snow, frost.  
8.3 Theory of Flight  1  2  2  1  
Relationship between lift, weight, thrust and drag;  
Glide ratio;  
Steady state flights, performance;  
Theory of the turn;  
Influence of load factor: stall, flight envelope and structural  limitations;  
Lift augmentation.  
8.4 Flight Stability and Dynamics  1  2  2  1  
Longitudinal, lateral and directional stability (active and pas sive).  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 166
 
MODULE 9A. HUMAN FACTORS  
Note:  This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject ma tters for category B3 are defined in module 9B.  
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  
9.1 General  1 2  2  
The need to take human factors into account;  
Incidents attributable to human factors/human error;  
‘Murphy's’ law.  
9.2 Human Performance and Limitations  1  2  2  
Vision;  
Hearing;  
Information processing;  
Attention and perception;  
Memory;  
Claustrophobia and physical access.  
9.3 Social Psychology  1  1  1  
Responsibility: individual and group;  
Motivation and de-motivation;  
Peer pressure;  
‘Culture’ issues;  
Team working;  
Management, supervision and leadership.  
9.4 Factors Affecting Performance  2  2  2  
Fitness/health;  
Stress: domestic and work related;  
Time pressure and deadlines;  
Workload: overload and underload;  
Sleep and fatigue, shiftwork;  
Alcohol, medication, drug abuse.  
9.5 Physical Environment  1  1  1  
Noise and fumes;  
Illumination;  
Climate and temperature;  
Motion and vibration;  
Working environment.  
9.6 Tasks  1 1  1  
Physical work;  
Repetitive tasks;  
Visual inspection;  
Complex systems.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 167
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  ►M5 B2 
B2L ◄  
9.7 Communication  2  2  2  
Within and between teams;  
Work logging and recording;  
Keeping up to date, currency;  
Dissemination of information.  
9.8 Human Error  1 2  2  
Error models and theories;  
Types of error in maintenance tasks;  
Implications of errors (i.e. accidents);  
Avoiding and managing errors.  
9.9 Hazards in the Workplace  1  2  2  
Recognising and avoiding hazards;  
Dealing with emergencies.  
MODULE 9B. HUMAN FACTORS  
Note:  The scope of this module shall reflect the less demanding envi ronment of maintenance for B3 licence holders.  
LEVEL  
B3 
9.1 General  2 
The need to take human factors into account;  
Incidents attributable to human factors/human error;  
‘Murphy's’ law.  
9.2 Human Performance and Limitations  2  
Vision;  
Hearing;  
Information processing;  
Attention and perception;  
Memory;  
Claustrophobia and physical access.  
9.3 Social Psychology  1 
Responsibility: individual and group;  
Motivation and de-motivation;  
Peer pressure;  
‘Culture’ issues;  
Team working;  
Management, supervision and leadership.  
9.4 Factors Affecting Performance  2  
Fitness/health;  
Stress: domestic and work related;  
Time pressure and deadlines;  
Workload: overload and underload;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 168
 
LEVEL  
B3 
Sleep and fatigue, shiftwork;  
Alcohol, medication, drug abuse.  
9.5 Physical Environment  1 
Noise and fumes;  
Illumination;  
Climate and temperature;  
Motion and vibration;  
Working environment.  
9.6 Tasks  1 
Physical work;  
Repetitive tasks;  
Visual inspection;  
Complex systems.  
9.7 Communication  2 
Within and between teams;  
Work logging and recording;  
Keeping up to date, currency;  
Dissemination of information.  
9.8 Human Error  2 
Error models and theories;  
Types of error in maintenance tasks;  
Implications of errors (i.e. accidents);  
Avoiding and managing errors.  
9.9 Hazards in the Workplace  2  
Recognising and avoiding hazards;  
Dealing with emergencies.  
▼M8 
MODULE 10. AVIATION LEGISLATION  
LEVEL  
A B 1  B2 
B2L B3 
10.1 Regulatory Framework  
Role of the International Civil Aviation Organisation; 
Role of the European Commission; 
Role of EASA; 
Role of the Member States and National Aviation Authorities; 
Regulations (EU) 2018/1139, Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, Regula tion (EU) 
No 1321/2014 and Regulation (EU) No 376/2014; 
Relation between the various Annexes (Parts) of Regulation (EU)  No 748/2012, 
Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 and Regulation (EU) No 965/2012  1 1  1  1  
10.2 Certifying Staff — Maintenance  
Detailed understanding of Part-66.  2 2  2  2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 169
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  B2 
B2L B3 
10.3 Approved Maintenance Organisations  
Detailed understanding of Part-145 and Part-M Subpart F.  2 2  2  2  
10.4 Air operations  
General understanding of Regulation (EU) No 965/2012. 
Air Operators Certificates; 
Operator's responsibilities, in particular regarding continuing  airworthiness and 
maintenance; 
Aircraft Maintenance Programme; 
MEL//CDL; 
Documents to be carried on board; 
Aircraft placarding (markings).  1 1  1  1  
10.5 Certification of aircraft, parts and appliances  
(a) General 
General understanding of Part 21 and EASA certification specifi cations CS-23, 
25, 27, 29.  — 1  1  1  
(b) Documents 
Certificate of Airworthiness; restricted certificates of airwor thiness and permit to 
fly; 
Certificate of Registration; 
Noise Certificate; 
Weight Schedule; 
Radio Station Licence and Approval.  — 2  2  2  
10.6 Continuing airworthiness  
Detailed understanding of Part 21 provisions related to continu ing airworthiness. 
Detailed understanding of Part-M.  2 2  2  2  
10.7 Applicable National and International Requirements for (if not superseded by EU 
requirements).  
(a) Maintenance Programmes, Maintenance checks and inspections;  
Airworthiness Directives; 
Service Bulletins, manufacturers service information; 
Modifications and repairs; 
Maintenance documentation: maintenance manuals, structural repa ir manual, 
illustrated parts catalogue, etc.; 
Only for A to B2 licences: 
Master Minimum Equipment Lists, Minimum Equipment List, Dispatc h 
Deviation Lists;  1 2  2  2  
(b) Continuing airworthiness; 
Minimum equipment requirements — Test flights; 
Only for B1 and B2 licences: 
ETOPS, maintenance and dispatch requirements; 
All Weather Operations, Category 2/3 operations.  — 1  1  1  ▼M8 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 170
 
MODULE 11A. TURBINE AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYST EMS  
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
11.1 Theory of Flight  
11.1.1.  Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls  1  2  
Operation and effect of: 
— roll control: ailerons and spoilers, 
— pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence sta bilisers and canards, 
— yaw control, rudder limiters;  — —  
Control using elevons, ruddervators;  
High lift devices, slots, slats, flaps, flaperons;  
Drag inducing devices, spoilers, lift dumpers, speed brakes;  
Effects of wing fences, saw tooth leading edges;  
Boundary layer control using, vortex generators, stall wedges o r leading edge 
devices;  
Operation and effect of trim tabs, balance and antibalance (lea ding) tabs, servo tabs, 
spring tabs, mass balance, control surface bias, aerodynamic ba lance panels.  
11.1.2.  High Speed Flight  1  2  
Speed of sound, subsonic flight, transonic flight, supersonic f light;  
Mach number, critical Mach number, compressibility buffet, shoc k wave, 
aerodynamic heating, area rule;  
Factors affecting airflow in engine intakes of high speed aircr aft; 
Effects of sweepback on critical Mach number.  
11.2 Airframe Structures — General Concepts  
(a) Airworthiness requirements for structural strength; 
Structural classification, primary, secondary and tertiary; 
Fail safe, safe life, damage tolerance concepts; 
Zonal and station identification systems; 
Stress, strain, bending, compression, shear, torsion, tension, hoop stress, fatigue;  2 2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 171
 
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
Drains and ventilation provisions; 
System installation provisions; 
Lightning strike protection provision; 
Aircraft bonding.  
(b) Construction methods of: stressed skin fuselage, formers, s tringers, longerons, 
bulkheads, frames, doublers, struts, ties, beams, floor structu res, reinforcement, 
methods of skinning, anti-corrosive protection, wing, empennage  and engine 
attachments;Structure assembly techniques: riveting, bolting, b onding; 
Methods of surface protection, such as chromating, anodising, p ainting; 
Surface cleaning; 
Airframe symmetry: methods of alignment and symmetry checks.  1 2  
11.3 Airframe Structures — Aeroplanes  
11.3.1  Fuselage (ATA 52/53/56)  1  2  
Construction and pressurisation sealing;  
Wing, stabiliser, pylon and undercarriage attachments;  
Seat installation and cargo loading system;  
Doors and emergency exits: construction, mechanisms, operation and safety 
devices;  
Windows and windscreen construction and mechanisms.  
11.3.2  Wings (ATA 57)  1  2  
Construction;  
Fuel storage;  
Landing gear, pylon, control surface and high lift/drag attachm ents. 
11.3.3  Stabilisers (ATA 55)  1  2  
Construction;  
Control surface attachment.  
11.3.4  Flight Control Surfaces (ATA 55/57)  1  2  
Construction and attachment;  
Balancing — mass and aerodynamic.  
11.3.5  Nacelles/Pylons (ATA 54)  1  2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 172
 
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
Nacelles/Pylons: 
— Construction, 
— Firewalls, 
— Engine mounts.  — —  
11.4 Air Conditioning and Cabin Pressurisation (ATA 21)  
11.4.1  Air supply  1 2  
Sources of air supply including engine bleed, APU and ground ca rt. 
11.4.2  Air Conditioning  1  3  
Air conditioning systems;  
Air cycle and vapour cycle machines;  
Distribution systems;  
Flow, temperature and humidity control system.  
11.4.3  Pressurisation  1  3  
Pressurisation systems;  
Control and indication including control and safety valves;  
Cabin pressure controllers.  
11.4.4  Safety and warning devices  1  3  
Protection and warning devices.  
11.5 Instruments/Avionic Systems  
11.5.1  Instrument Systems (ATA 31)  1  2  
Pitot static: altimeter, air speed indicator, vertical speed in dicator;  
Gyroscopic: artificial horizon, attitude director, direction in dicator, horizontal 
situation indicator, turn and slip indicator, turn coordinator;  
Compasses: direct reading, remote reading;  
Angle of attack indication, stall warning systems;  
Glass cockpit;  
Other aircraft system indication.  
11.5.2  Avionic Systems  1  1  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 173
 
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
Fundamentals of system lay-outs and operation of: 
— Auto Flight (ATA 22), 
— Communications (ATA 23), 
— Navigation Systems (ATA 34).  — —  
11.6 Electrical Power (ATA 24)  1  3  
Batteries Installation and Operation;  
DC power generation;  
AC power generation;  
Emergency power generation;  
Voltage regulation;  
Power distribution;  
Inverters, transformers, rectifiers;  
Circuit protection;  
External/Ground power.  
11.7 Equipment and Furnishings (ATA 25)  
(a) Emergency equipment requirements; 
Seats, harnesses and belts.  2 2  
(b) Cabin lay-out; 
Equipment lay-out; 
Cabin Furnishing installation; 
Cabin entertainment equipment; 
Galley installation; 
Cargo handling and retention equipment; 
Airstairs.  1 1  
11.8 Fire Protection (ATA 26)  1  3  
(a) Fire and smoke detection and warning systems; 
Fire extinguishing systems; 
System tests;  
(b) Portable fire extinguisher.  1  ►M5 2  ◄  
11.9 Flight Controls (ATA 27)  1  3  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 174
 
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
Primary controls: aileron, elevator, rudder, spoiler;  
Trim control;  
Active load control;  
High lift devices;  
Lift dump, speed brakes;  
System operation: manual, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, fly -by-wire;  
Artificial feel, Yaw damper, Mach trim, rudder limiter, gust lo ck systems;  
Balancing and rigging;  
Stall protection/warning system.  
11.10  Fuel Systems (ATA 28)  1  3  
System lay-out;  
Fuel tanks;  
Supply systems;  
Dumping, venting and draining;  
Cross-feed and transfer;  
Indications and warnings;  
Refuelling and defuelling;  
Longitudinal balance fuel systems.  
11.11  Hydraulic Power (ATA 29)  1  3  
System lay-out;  
Hydraulic fluids;  
Hydraulic reservoirs and accumulators;  
Pressure generation: electric, mechanical, pneumatic;  
Emergency pressure generation;  
Filters;  
Pressure Control;  
Power distribution;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 175
 
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
Indication and warning systems;  
Interface with other systems.  
11.12  Ice and Rain Protection (ATA 30)  1  3  
Ice formation, classification and detection;  
Anti-icing systems: electrical, hot air and chemical;  
De-icing systems: electrical, hot air, pneumatic and chemical;  
Rain repellent;  
Probe and drain heating;  
Wiper systems.  
11.13  Landing Gear (ATA 32)  2  3  
Construction, shock absorbing;  
Extension and retraction systems: normal and emergency;  
Indications and warning;  
Wheels, brakes, antiskid and autobraking;  
Tyres;  
Steering;  
Air-ground sensing.  
11.14  Lights (ATA 33)  2  3  
External: navigation, anti collision, landing, taxiing, ice;  
Internal: cabin, cockpit, cargo;  
Emergency.  
11.15  Oxygen (ATA 35)  1  3  
System lay-out: cockpit, cabin;  
Sources, storage, charging and distribution;  
Supply regulation;  
Indications and warnings.  
►M5 11.16  Pneumatic/Vacuum (ATA 36)  ◄ 1  3  
►M5 System lay-out; ◄  
►M5 Sources: engine/APU (Auxiliary Power Unit), compressors, reser voirs, 
ground supply; ◄  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 176
 
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
►M5 Pressure and vacuum pumps; ◄  
►M5 Pressure control; ◄  
►M5 Distribution; ◄  
►M5 Indications and warnings; ◄  
►M5 Interfaces with other systems. ◄  
11.17  Water/Waste (ATA 38)  2  3  
Water system lay-out, supply, distribution, servicing and drain ing; 
Toilet system lay-out, flushing and servicing;  
Corrosion aspects.  
11.18  On Board Maintenance Systems (ATA 45)  1  2  
Central maintenance computers;  
Data loading system;  
Electronic library system;  
Printing;  
Structure monitoring (damage tolerance monitoring).  
11.19  Integrated Modular Avionics (ATA42)  1  2  
Functions that may be typically integrated in the Integrated Mo dular Avionic (IMA) 
modules are, among others: 
Bleed Management, Air Pressure Control, Air Ventilation and Con trol, Avionics 
and Cockpit Ventilation Control, Temperature Control, Air Traff ic Communication, 
Avionics Communication Router, Electrical Load Management, Circ uit Breaker 
Monitoring, Electrical System BITE, Fuel Management, Braking Co ntrol, Steering 
Control, Landing Gear Extension and Retraction, Tyre Pressure I ndication, Oleo 
Pressure Indication, Brake Temperature Monitoring, etc.  
Core System; Network Components.  
►M5 11.20  Cabin Systems (ATA44)  ◄ 1  2  
►M5 The units and components which furnish a means of entertaining  the 
passengers and providing communication within the aircraft (Cab in Intercommuni­
cation Data System (CIDS)) and between the aircraft cabin and g round stations 
(Cabin Network Service (CNS)). They include voice, data, music and video 
transmissions. ◄  
►M5 CIDS provides an interface between cockpit/cabin crew and cabi n 
systems. These systems support data exchange between the differ ent related Line 
Replaceable Units (LRUs) and they are typically operated via Fl ight Attendant 
Panels (FAPs). ◄  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 177
 
LEVEL  
A1 B1.1  
►M5 CNS typically consists of a server, interfacing with, among ot hers, the 
following systems: 
— Data/Radio Communication; 
— Cabin Core System (CCS); 
— In-flight Entertainment System (IFES); 
— External Communication System (ECS); 
— Cabin Mass Memory System (CMMS); 
— Cabin Monitoring System (CMS); 
— Miscellaneous Cabin Systems (MCSs). ◄  — —  
►M5 CNS may host functions such as: 
— access to pre-departure/departure reports; 
— e-mail/intranet/internet access; passenger database. ◄  — —  
Cabin Core System;  
In-flight Entertainment System;  
External Communication System;  
Cabin Mass Memory System;  
Cabin Monitoring System;  
Miscellaneous Cabin System.  
11.21  Information Systems (ATA46)  1  2  
The units and components which furnish a means of storing, upda ting and 
retrieving digital information traditionally provided on paper,  microfilm or 
microfiche. Includes units that are dedicated to the informatio n storage and 
retrieval function such as the electronic library mass storage and controller. Does 
not include units or components installed for other uses and sh ared with other 
systems, such as flight deck printer or general use display.  
Typical examples include Air Traffic and Information Management  Systems and 
Network Server Systems  
Aircraft General Information System;  
Flight Deck Information System;  
Maintenance Information System;  
Passenger Cabin Information System;  
Miscellaneous Information System.  
MODULE 11B. PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTE MS 
Note 1:  This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject ma tters for category B3 are defined in module 11C.  
Note 2:  The scope of this Module shall reflect the technology of aerop lanes pertinent to the A2 and B1.2 subcategory.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 178
 
LEVEL  
A2 B1.2  
11.1 Theory of Flight  
11.1.1.  Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls  1  2  
Operation and effect of: 
— roll control: ailerons and spoilers, 
— pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence sta bilisers and canards, 
— yaw control, rudder limiters;  — —  
Control using elevons, ruddervators;  
High lift devices, slots, slats, flaps, flaperons;  
Drag inducing devices, spoilers, lift dumpers, speed brakes;  
Effects of wing fences, saw tooth leading edges;  
Boundary layer control using, vortex generators, stall wedges o r leading edge 
devices;  
Operation and effect of trim tabs, balance and antibalance (lea ding) tabs, servo tabs, 
spring tabs, mass balance, control surface bias, aerodynamic ba lance panels.  
11.1.2.  High Speed Flight — N/A  —  —  
11.2 Airframe Structures — General Concepts  
(a) Airworthiness requirements for structural strength; 
Structural classification, primary, secondary and tertiary; 
Fail safe, safe life, damage tolerance concepts; 
Zonal and station identification systems; 
Stress, strain, bending, compression, shear, torsion, tension, hoop stress, fatigue; 
Drains and ventilation provisions; 
System installation provisions; 
Lightning strike protection provision; 
Aircraft bonding.  2 2  
(b) Construction methods of: stressed skin fuselage, formers, s tringers, longerons, 
bulkheads, frames, doublers, struts, ties, beams, floor structu res, reinforcement, 
methods of skinning, anti-corrosive protection, wing, empennage  and engine 
attachments; 
Structure assembly techniques: riveting, bolting, bonding; 
Methods of surface protection, such as chromating, anodising, p ainting; 
Surface cleaning; 
Airframe symmetry: methods of alignment and symmetry checks.  1 2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 179
 
LEVEL  
A2 B1.2  
11.3 Airframe Structures — Aeroplanes  
11.3.1  Fuselage (ATA 52/53/56)  1  2  
Construction and pressurisation sealing;  
Wing, tail-plane, pylon and undercarriage attachments;  
Seat installation;  
Doors and emergency exits: construction and operation;  
Windows and windscreen attachment.  
11.3.2  Wings (ATA 57)  1  2  
Construction;  
Fuel storage;  
Landing gear, pylon, control surface and high lift/drag attachm ents. 
11.3.3  Stabilisers (ATA 55)  1  2  
Construction;  
Control surface attachment.  
11.3.4  Flight Control Surfaces (ATA 55/57)  1  2  
Construction and attachment;  
Balancing — mass and aerodynamic.  
11.3.5  Nacelles/Pylons (ATA 54)  1  2  
Nacelles/Pylons: 
— Construction, 
— Firewalls, 
— Engine mounts.  — —  
11.4 Air Conditioning and Cabin Pressurisation (ATA 21)  1  3  
Pressurisation and air conditioning systems;  
Cabin pressure controllers, protection and warning devices;  
Heating systems.  
11.5 Instruments/Avionic Systems  
11.5.1  Instrument Systems (ATA 31)  1  2  
Pitot static: altimeter, air speed indicator, vertical speed in dicator;  
Gyroscopic: artificial horizon, attitude director, direction in dicator, horizontal 
situation indicator, turn and slip indicator, turn coordinator;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 180
 
LEVEL  
A2 B1.2  
Compasses: direct reading, remote reading;  
Angle of attack indication, stall warning systems;  
Glass cockpit;  
Other aircraft system indication.  
11.5.2  Avionic Systems  1  1  
Fundamentals of system lay-outs and operation of: 
— Auto Flight (ATA 22), 
— Communications (ATA 23), 
— Navigation Systems (ATA 34).  — —  
11.6 Electrical Power (ATA 24)  1  3  
Batteries Installation and Operation;  
DC power generation;  
Voltage regulation;  
Power distribution;  
Circuit protection;  
Inverters, transformers.  
11.7 Equipment and Furnishings (ATA 25)  
(a) Emergency equipment requirements; 
Seats, harnesses and belts;  2 2  
(b) Cabin lay-out; 
Equipment lay-out; 
Cabin Furnishing installation; 
Cabin entertainment equipment; 
Galley installation; 
Cargo handling and retention equipment; 
Airstairs.  1 1  
11.8 Fire Protection (ATA 26)  
(a) Fire and smoke detection and warning systems; 
Fire extinguishing systems; 
System tests;  1 3  
(b) Portable fire extinguisher.  1  ►M5 2  ◄  
11.9 Flight Controls (ATA 27)  1  3  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 181
 
LEVEL  
A2 B1.2  
Primary controls: aileron, elevator, rudder;  
Trim tabs;  
High lift devices;  
System operation: manual;  
Gust locks;  
Balancing and rigging;  
Stall warning system.  
11.10  Fuel Systems (ATA 28)  1  3  
System lay-out;  
Fuel tanks;  
Supply systems;  
Cross-feed and transfer;  
Indications and warnings;  
Refuelling and defuelling.  
11.11  Hydraulic Power (ATA 29)  1  3  
System lay-out;  
Hydraulic fluids;  
Hydraulic reservoirs and accumulators;  
Pressure generation: electric, mechanical;  
Filters;  
Pressure Control;  
Power distribution;  
Indication and warning systems.  
11.12  Ice and Rain Protection (ATA 30)  1  3  
Ice formation, classification and detection;  
De-icing systems: electrical, hot air, pneumatic and chemical;  
Probe and drain heating;  
Wiper systems.  
11.13  Landing Gear (ATA 32)  2  3  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 182
 
LEVEL  
A2 B1.2  
Construction, shock absorbing;  
Extension and retraction systems: normal and emergency;  
Indications and warning;  
Wheels, brakes, antiskid and autobraking;  
Tyres;  
Steering;  
Air-ground sensing.  
11.14  Lights (ATA 33)  2  3  
External: navigation, anti collision, landing, taxiing, ice;  
Internal: cabin, cockpit, cargo;  
Emergency.  
11.15  Oxygen (ATA 35)  1  3  
System lay-out: cockpit, cabin;  
Sources, storage, charging and distribution;  
Supply regulation;  
Indications and warnings.  
►M5 11.16  Pneumatic/Vacuum (ATA 36)  ◄ 1  3  
►M5 System lay-out; ◄  
►M5 Sources: engine/APU, compressors, reservoirs, ground supply; ◄  
►M5 Pressure and vacuum pumps; ◄  
►M5 Pressure control; ◄  
►M5 Distribution; ◄  
►M5 Indications and warnings; ◄  
►M5 Interfaces with other systems. ◄  
11.17  Water/Waste (ATA 38)  2  3  
Water system lay-out, supply, distribution, servicing and drain ing; 
Toilet system lay-out, flushing and servicing;  
Corrosion aspects.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 183
 
MODULE 11C. PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTE MS 
Note:  The scope of this module shall reflect the technology of aerop lanes pertinent to the B3 category.  
LEVEL  
B3 
11.1 Theory of Flight  
Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls  1  
Operation and effect of: 
— roll control: ailerons, 
— pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence sta bilisers and canards, 
— yaw control, rudder limiters;  — 
Control using elevons, ruddervators;  
High lift devices, slots, slats, flaps, flaperons;  
Drag inducing devices, lift dumpers, speed brakes;  
Effects of wing fences, saw tooth leading edges;  
Boundary layer control using, vortex generators, stall wedges o r leading edge devices;  
Operation and effect of trim tabs, balance and anti-balance (le ading) tabs, servo tabs, spring 
tabs, mass balance, control surface bias, aerodynamic balance p anels.  
11.2 Airframe Structures — General Concepts  
(a) Airworthiness requirements for structural strength; 
Structural classification, primary, secondary and tertiary; 
Fail safe, safe life, damage tolerance concepts; 
Zonal and station identification systems; 
Stress, strain, bending, compression, shear, torsion, tension, hoop stress, fatigue; 
Drains and ventilation provisions; 
System installation provisions; 
Lightning strike protection provision; 
Aircraft bonding;  2 ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 184
 
LEVEL  
B3 
(b) Construction methods of: stressed skin fuselage, formers, s tringers, longerons, 
bulkheads, frames, doublers, struts, ties, beams, floor structu res, reinforcement, 
methods of skinning, anti-corrosive protection, wing, empennage  and engine 
attachments; 
Structure assembly techniques: riveting, bolting, bonding; 
Methods of surface protection, such as chromating, anodising, p ainting; 
Surface cleaning; 
Airframe symmetry: methods of alignment and symmetry checks.  2 
11.3 Airframe Structures — Aeroplanes  
11.3.1  Fuselage (ATA 52/53/56)  1  
Construction;  
Wing, tail-plane, pylon and undercarriage attachments;  
Seat installation;  
Doors and emergency exits: construction and operation;  
Window and windscreen attachment.  
11.3.2  Wings (ATA 57)  1 
Construction;  
Fuel storage;  
Landing gear, pylon, control surface and high lift/drag attachm ents. 
11.3.3  Stabilisers (ATA 55)  1 
Construction;  
Control surface attachment.  
11.3.4  Flight Control Surfaces (ATA 55/57)  1  
Construction and attachment;  
Balancing — mass and aerodynamic.  
11.3.5  Nacelles/Pylons (ATA 54)  
Nacelles/Pylons: 
— Construction, 
— Firewalls, 
— Engine mounts.  1 ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 185
 
LEVEL  
B3 
11.4 Air Conditioning (ATA 21)  
Heating and ventilation systems.  1  
11.5 Instruments/Avionic Systems  
11.5.1  Instrument Systems (ATA 31)  1  
Pitot static: altimeter, air speed indicator, vertical speed in dicator;  
Gyroscopic: artificial horizon, attitude director, direction in dicator, horizontal situation 
indicator, turn and slip indicator, turn coordinator;  
Compasses: direct reading, remote reading;  
Angle of attack indication, stall warning systems;  
Glass cockpit;  
Other aircraft system indication.  
11.5.2  Avionic Systems  1 
Fundamentals of system lay-outs and operation of: 
— Auto Flight (ATA 22), 
— Communications (ATA 23), 
— Navigation Systems (ATA 34).  — 
11.6 Electrical Power (ATA 24)  2  
Batteries Installation and Operation;  
DC power generation;  
Voltage regulation;  
Power distribution;  
Circuit protection;  
Inverters, transformers.  
11.7 Equipment and Furnishings (ATA 25)  2  
Emergency equipment requirements;  
Seats, harnesses and belts.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 186
 
LEVEL  
B3 
11.8 Fire Protection (ATA 26)  2  
Portable fire extinguisher.  
11.9 Flight Controls (ATA 27)  3  
Primary controls: aileron, elevator, rudder;  
Trim tabs;  
High lift devices;  
System operation: manual;  
Gust locks;  
Balancing and rigging;  
Stall warning system.  
11.10  Fuel Systems (ATA 28)  2  
System lay-out;  
Fuel tanks;  
Supply systems;  
Cross-feed and transfer;  
Indications and warnings;  
Refuelling and defuelling.  
11.11  Hydraulic Power (ATA 29)  2  
System lay-out;  
Hydraulic fluids;  
Hydraulic reservoirs and accumulators;  
Pressure generation: electric, mechanical;  
Filters;  
Pressure Control;  
Power distribution;  
Indication and warning systems.  
11.12  Ice and Rain Protection (ATA 30)  1  
Ice formation, classification and detection;  
De-icing systems: electrical, hot air, pneumatic and chemical;  
Probe and drain heating;  
Wiper systems.  
11.13  Landing Gear (ATA 32)  2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 187
 
LEVEL  
B3 
Construction, shock absorbing;  
Extension and retraction systems: normal and emergency;  
Indications and warning;  
Wheels, brakes, antiskid and autobraking;  
Tyres;  
Steering.  
11.14  Lights (ATA 33)  2 
External: navigation, anti collision, landing, taxiing, ice;  
Internal: cabin, cockpit, cargo;  
Emergency.  
11.15  Oxygen (ATA 35)  2 
System lay-out: cockpit, cabin;  
Sources, storage, charging and distribution;  
Supply regulation;  
Indications and warnings.  
11.16  Pneumatic/Vacuum (ATA 36)  2  
System lay-out;  
Sources: engine/APU, compressors, reservoirs, ground supply;  
Pressure and vacuum pumps  
Pressure control;  
Distribution;  
Indications and warnings;  
Interfaces with other systems.  
MODULE 12. HELICOPTER AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS  
LEVEL  
A3 
A4 B1.3 
B1.4 
12.1 Theory of Flight — Rotary Wing Aerodynamics  1  2  
Terminology;  
Effects of gyroscopic precession;  
Torque reaction and directional control;  
Dissymmetry of lift, Blade tip stall;  
Translating tendency and its correction;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 188
 
LEVEL  
A3 
A4 B1.3 
B1.4 
Coriolis effect and compensation;  
Vortex ring state, power settling, overpitching;  
Auto-rotation;  
Ground effect.  
12.2 Flight Control Systems  2  3  
Cyclic control;  
Collective control;  
Swashplate;  
Yaw control: Anti-Torque Control, Tail rotor, bleed air;  
Main Rotor Head: Design and Operation features;  
Blade Dampers: Function and construction;  
Rotor Blades: Main and tail rotor blade construction and attach ment;  
Trim control, fixed and adjustable stabilisers;  
System operation: manual, hydraulic, electrical and fly-by-wire ; 
Artificial feel;  
Balancing and rigging.  
12.3 Blade Tracking and Vibration Analysis  1  3  
Rotor alignment;  
Main and tail rotor tracking;  
Static and dynamic balancing;  
Vibration types, vibration reduction methods;  
Ground resonance.  
12.4 Transmission  1 3  
Gear boxes, main and tail rotors;  
Clutches, free wheel units and rotor brake;  
Tail rotor drive shafts, flexible couplings, bearings, vibratio n dampers and bearing 
hangers.  
12.5 Airframe Structures  
(a) Airworthiness requirements for structural strength; 
Structural classification, primary, secondary and tertiary; 
Fail safe, safe life, damage tolerance concepts; 
Zonal and station identification systems;  2 2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 189
 
LEVEL  
A3A4  B1.3 
B1.4 
Stress, strain, bending, compression, shear, torsion, tension, hoop stress, fatigue; 
Drains and ventilation provisions; 
System installation provisions; 
Lightning strike protection provision;  
(b) Construction methods of: stressed skin fuselage, formers, s tringers, longerons, 
bulkheads, frames, doublers, struts, ties, beams, floor structu res, reinforcement, 
methods of skinning and anti-corrosive protection.Pylon, stabil iser and under­
carriage attachments; 
Seat installation; 
Doors: construction, mechanisms, operation and safety devices; 
Windows and windscreen construction; 
Fuel storage; 
Firewalls; 
Engine mounts; 
Structure assembly techniques: riveting, bolting, bonding; 
Methods of surface protection, such as chromating, anodising, p ainting; 
Surface cleaning. 
Airframe symmetry: methods of alignment and symmetry checks.  1 2  
12.6 Air Conditioning (ATA 21)  
12.6.1  Air supply  1 2  
Sources of air supply including engine bleed and ground cart.  
12.6.2  Air conditioning  1  3  
Air conditioning systems;  
Distribution systems;  
Flow and temperature control systems;  
Protection and warning devices.  
12.7 Instruments/Avionic Systems  
12.7.1  Instrument Systems (ATA 31)  1  2  
Pitot static: altimeter, air speed indicator, vertical speed in dicator;  
Gyroscopic: artificial horizon, attitude director, direction in dicator, horizontal situation 
indicator, turn and slip indicator, turn coordinator;  
Compasses: direct reading, remote reading;  
Vibration indicating systems — HUMS;  
Glass cockpit;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 190
 
LEVEL  
A3 
A4 B1.3 
B1.4 
Other aircraft system indication.  
12.7.2  Avionic Systems  1  1  
Fundamentals of system layouts and operation of: 
Auto Flight (ATA 22); 
Communications (ATA 23); 
Navigation Systems (ATA 34).  
12.8 Electrical Power (ATA 24)  1  3  
Batteries Installation and Operation;  
DC power generation, AC power generation;  
Emergency power generation;  
Voltage regulation, Circuit protection.  
Power distribution;  
Inverters, transformers, rectifiers;  
External/Ground power.  
12.9 Equipment and Furnishings (ATA 25)  
(a) Emergency equipment requirements; 
Seats, harnesses and belts; 
Lifting systems;  2 2  
(b) Emergency flotation systems; 
Cabin lay-out, cargo retention; 
Equipment lay-out; 
Cabin Furnishing Installation.  1 1  
12.10  Fire Protection (ATA 26)  1  3  
Fire and smoke detection and warning systems;  
Fire extinguishing systems;  
System tests.  
12.11  Fuel Systems (ATA 28)  1  3  
System lay-out;  
Fuel tanks;  
Supply systems;  
Dumping, venting and draining;  
Cross-feed and transfer;  
Indications and warnings;  
Refuelling and defuelling.  
12.12  Hydraulic Power (ATA 29)  1  3  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 191
 
LEVEL  
A3 
A4 B1.3 
B1.4 
System lay-out;  
Hydraulic fluids;  
Hydraulic reservoirs and accumulators;  
Pressure generation: electric, mechanical, pneumatic;  
Emergency pressure generation;  
Filters;  
Pressure Control;  
Power distribution;  
Indication and warning systems;  
Interface with other systems.  
12.13  Ice and Rain Protection (ATA 30)  1  3  
Ice formation, classification and detection;  
Anti-icing and De-icing systems: electrical, hot air and chemic al; 
Rain repellent and removal;  
Probe and drain heating;  
Wiper system.  
12.14  Landing Gear (ATA 32)  2  3  
Construction, shock absorbing;  
Extension and retraction systems: normal and emergency;  
Indications and warning;  
Wheels, Tyres, brakes;  
Steering;  
Air-ground sensing;  
Skids, floats.  
12.15  Lights (ATA 33)  2  3  
External: navigation, landing, taxiing, ice;  
Internal: cabin, cockpit, cargo;  
Emergency.  
►M5 12.16  Pneumatic/Vacuum (ATA 36)  ◄ 1  3  
►M5 System lay-out; ◄  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 192
 
LEVEL  
A3 
A4 B1.3 
B1.4 
►M5 Sources: engine/APU, compressors, reservoirs, ground supply; ◄  
►M5 Pressure and vacuum pumps; ◄  
►M5 Pressure control; ◄  
►M5 Distribution; ◄  
►M5 Indications and warnings; ◄  
►M5 Interfaces with other systems. ◄  
12.17  Integrated Modular Avionics (ATA42)  1  2  
Functions that may be typically integrated in the Integrated Mo dular Avionic (IMA) 
modules are, among others: 
Bleed Management, Air Pressure Control, Air Ventilation and Con trol, Avionics and 
Cockpit Ventilation Control, Temperature Control, Air Traffic C ommunication, 
Avionics Communication Router, Electrical Load Management, Circ uit Breaker Moni­
toring, Electrical System BITE, Fuel Management, Braking Contro l, Steering Control, 
Landing Gear Extension and Retraction, Tyre Pressure Indication , Oleo Pressure Indi­
cation, Brake Temperature Monitoring, etc.  
Core System;  
Network Components.  
12.18  On Board Maintenance Systems (ATA45)  1  2  
Central maintenance computers;  
Data loading system;  
Electronic library system;  
Printing;  
Structure monitoring (damage tolerance monitoring).  
12.19  Information Systems (ATA46)  1  2  
The units and components which furnish a means of storing, upda ting and retrieving 
digital information traditionally provided on paper, microfilm or microfiche. Includes 
units that are dedicated to the information storage and retriev al function such as the 
electronic library mass storage and controller. Does not includ e units or components 
installed for other uses and shared with other systems, such as  flight deck printer or 
general use display.  
Typical examples include Air Traffic and Information Management  Systems and 
Network Server Systems.  
Aircraft General Information System;  
Flight Deck Information System;  
Maintenance Information System;  
Passenger Cabin Information System;  
Miscellaneous Information System.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 193
 
MODULE 13. AIRCRAFT AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS  
LEVEL  
B2 
B2L 
13.1 Theory of Flight  
(a) Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls  1  
Operation and effect of: 
— roll control: ailerons and spoilers; 
— pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence sta bilisers and canards; and 
— yaw control: rudder limiters; 
Control using elevons, ruddervators; 
High lift devices: slots, slats, flaps; 
Drag inducing devices: spoilers, lift dumpers, speed brakes; an d 
Operation and effect of trim tabs, servo tabs and control surfa ce bias.  
(b) High-Speed Flight  1 
Speed of sound, subsonic flight, transonic flight, supersonic f light; 
Mach number, critical Mach number.  
(c) Rotary Wing Aerodynamics  1  
Terminology; 
Operation and effect of cyclic, collective and anti-torque cont rols. 
13.2 Structures — General Concepts  
Fundamentals of Structural Systems  1  
Zonal and Station Identification Systems  2  
Electrical bonding  2 
Lightning strike protection provision.  2  
13.3 Autoflight (ATA 22)  
(a) 3 
Fundamentals of automatic flight control including working prin ciples and current termi­
nology; 
Command signal processing; 
Modes of operation: roll, pitch and yaw channels; 
Yaw dampers; 
Stability Augmentation System in helicopters; 
Automatic trim control; 
Autopilot navigation aids interface;  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 194
 
LEVEL  
B2 
B2L 
(b) 3 
Autothrottle systems; 
Automatic landing systems: principles and categories, modes of operation, approach, 
glideslope, land, go-around, system monitors and failure condit ions.  
13.4 Communication/Navigation (ATA 23/34)  
(a) 3 
Fundamentals of radio wave propagation, antennas, transmission lines, communication, 
receiver and transmitter; 
Working principles of following systems: 
— Very High Frequency (VHF) communication; 
— High Frequency (HF) communication; 
— Audio; 
— Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs); 
— Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR); 
— Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR); 
— Automatic Direction Finding (ADF); 
— Instrument Landing System (ILS); 
— Flight Director Systems (FDSs), Distance Measuring Equipment (DME); 
— Area navigation, RNAV systems; 
— Flight Management Systems (FMSs); 
— Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs); 
— Data Link.  
(b) 3 
— Air Traffic Control transponder, secondary surveillance radar ; 
— Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS); 
— Weather avoidance radar; 
— Radio altimeter; 
— Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Broadcast (ADS-B).  
(c) 3 
— Microwave Landing System (MLS); 
— Very Low Frequency and hyperbolic navigation (VLF/Omega); 
— Doppler navigation; 
— Inertial Navigation System (INS); 
— ARINC (Aircraft Radio Incorporated) communication and reporti ng. 
13.5 Electrical Power (ATA 24)  3  
Batteries installation and operation; 
Direct Current (DC) power generation; 
Alternating Current (AC) power generation; 
Emergency power generation;  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 195
 
LEVEL  
B2 
B2L 
Voltage regulation; 
Power distribution; 
Inverters, transformers, rectifiers; 
Circuit protection; 
External/Ground power.  
13.6 Equipment and Furnishings (ATA 25)  
Electronic emergency equipment requirements; 
Cabin entertainment equipment.  3 
13.7 Flight Controls (ATA 27)  
(a) 2 
Primary controls: aileron, elevator, rudder, spoiler; 
Trim control; 
Active load control; 
High lift devices; 
Lift dump, speed brakes; 
System operation: manual, hydraulic, pneumatic; 
Artificial feel, Yaw damper, Mach trim, rudder limiter, gust lo cks; 
Stall protection systems.  
(b) 3 
System operation: electrical, fly-by-wire.  
13.8 Instruments (ATA 31)  3 
Classification; 
Atmosphere; 
Terminology; 
Pressure-measuring devices and systems; 
Pitot-static systems; 
Altimeters; 
Vertical-speed indicators; 
Airspeed indicators; 
Machmeters; 
Altitude-reporting/alerting systems; 
Air data computers; 
Instrument pneumatic systems; 
Direct-reading pressure and temperature gauges; 
Temperature-indicating systems; 
Fuel-quantity-indicating systems; 
Gyroscopic principles; 
Artificial horizons; 
Slip indicators; 
Directional gyros; 
Ground Proximity Warning Systems (GPWSs);  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 196
 
LEVEL  
B2 
B2L 
Compass systems; 
Flight Data Recording Systems (FDRSs); 
Electronic Flight Instrument Systems (EFISs); 
Instrument warning systems including master warning systems and  centralised warning 
panels; 
Stall warning systems and angle of attack-indicating systems; 
Vibration measurement and indication; 
Glass cockpit.  
13.9 Lights (ATA 33)  3 
External: navigation, landing, taxiing, ice; 
Internal: cabin, cockpit, cargo; 
Emergency.  
13.10  On-Board Maintenance Systems (ATA 45)  3  
Central maintenance computers; 
Data-loading system; 
Electronic-library system; 
Printing system; 
Structure-monitoring system (damage tolerance monitoring).  
13.11  Air Conditioning and Cabin Pressurisation (ATA 21)  
13.11.1  Air Supply  2 
Sources of air supply including engine bleed, APU and ground ca rt; 
13.11.2  Air Conditioning  
Air-conditioning systems;  2  
Air cycle and vapour cycle machines;  3  
Distribution systems;  1  
Flow, temperature and humidity control system.  3  
13.11.3  Pressurisation  3  
Pressurisation systems; 
Control and indication including control and safety valves; 
Cabin pressure controllers.  
13.11.4  Safety and Warning Devices  3  
Protection and warning devices.  
13.12  Fire Protection (ATA 26)  
(a) 3 
Fire and smoke detection and warning systems; 
Fire-extinguishing systems; 
System tests.  
(b) 1 
Portable fire extinguisher.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 197
 
LEVEL  
B2 
B2L 
13.13  Fuel Systems (ATA 28)  
System layout;  1 
Fuel tanks;  1 
Supply systems;  1 
Dumping, venting and draining;  1  
Cross feed and transfer;  2  
Indications and warnings;  3  
Refuelling and defuelling;  2  
Longitudinal-balance fuel systems.  3  
13.14  Hydraulic Power (ATA 29)  
System layout;  1 
Hydraulic fluids;  1 
Hydraulic reservoirs and accumulators;  1  
Pressure generation: electrical, mechanical, pneumatic;  3  
Emergency pressure generation;  3  
Filters;  1 
Pressure control;  3 
Power distribution;  1 
Indication and warning systems;  3  
Interface with other systems.  3  
13.15  Ice and Rain Protection (ATA 30)  
Ice formation, classification and detection;  2  
Anti-icing systems: electrical, hot-air and chemical;  2  
De-icing systems: electrical, hot-air, pneumatic, chemical;  3  
Rain-repellent;  1 
Probe and drain-heating;  3  
Wiper systems.  1 
13.16  Landing Gear (ATA 32)  
Construction, shock absorbing;  1  
Extension and retraction systems: normal and emergency;  3  
Indications and warnings;  3  
Wheels, brakes, antiskid and automatic braking systems;  3  
Tyres;  1 
Steering;  3 
Air-ground sensing.  3 
13.17  Oxygen (ATA 35)  
System layout: cockpit, cabin;  3  
Sources, storage, charging and distribution;  3  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 198
 
LEVEL  
B2 
B2L 
Supply regulation;  3 
Indications and warnings.  3  
13.18  Pneumatic/Vacuum (ATA 36)  
System layout;  2 
Sources: engine/APU, compressors, reservoirs, ground supply;  2  
Pressure control;  3 
Distribution;  1 
Indications and warnings;  3  
Interfaces with other systems.  3  
13.19  Water/Waste (ATA 38)  2 
Water system layout, supply, distribution, servicing and draini ng; 
Toilet system layout, flushing and servicing.  
13.20  Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) (ATA 42)  3  
Core system; 
Network components.  
Note: Functions that may be typically integrated into the IMA modules are among others:  
— bleed management;  
— air pressure control;  
— air ventilation and control;  
— avionics and cockpit ventilation control, temperature control;  
— air traffic communication;  
— avionics communication router;  
— electrical load management;  
— circuit breaker monitoring;  
— electrical system Built-In Test Equipment (BITE);  
— fuel management;  
— braking control;  
— steering control;  
— landing gear extension and retraction;  
— tyre pressure indication;  
— oleo pressure indication;  
— brake temperature monitoring.  
13.21  Cabin Systems (ATA 44)  3  
The units and components which furnish a means of entertaining the passengers and 
providing communication within the aircraft (Cabin Intercommuni cation Data 
System (CIDS)) and between the aircraft cabin and ground statio ns (Cabin Network 
Service (CNS)). They include voice, data, music and video trans missions.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 199
 
LEVEL  
B2 
B2L 
CIDS provides an interface between cockpit/cabin crew and cabin  systems. These systems 
support data exchange between the different related Line Replac eable Units (LRUs) and 
they are typically operated via Flight Attendant Panels (FAPs).  
CNS typically consists of a server, interfacing with, among oth ers, the following systems: 
— Data/Radio Communication; 
— Cabin Core System (CCS); 
— In-flight Entertainment System (IFES); 
— External Communication System (ECS); 
— Cabin Mass Memory System (CMMS); 
— Cabin Monitoring System (CMS); 
— Miscellaneous Cabin Systems (MCSs). 
CNS may host functions such as: 
— access to pre-departure/departure reports; 
— e-mail/intranet/internet access; 
— passenger database.  
13.22  Information Systems (ATA 46)  3  
The units and components which furnish a means of storing, upda ting and retrieving digital 
information traditionally provided on paper, microfilm or micro fiche. They include units that 
are dedicated to the information storage and retrieval function  such as the electronic library 
mass storage and controller, but they do not include units or c omponents installed for other 
uses and shared with other systems, such as flight deck printer  or general-use display. 
Typical examples include: 
— Air Traffic and Information Management systems and Network Se rver systems. 
— Aircraft general information system; 
— Flight deck information system; 
— Maintenance information system; 
— Passenger cabin information system; 
— Miscellaneous information systems.  
▼B 
MODULE 14. PROPULSION  
LEVEL  
▼M5 
B2 
B2L 
▼B 
14.1 Turbine Engines  
(a) Constructional arrangement and operation of turbojet, turbo fan, turboshaft and turbo­
propeller engines;  1 
(b) Electronic Engine control and fuel metering systems (FADEC) . 2  
14.2 Engine Indicating Systems  2  
Exhaust gas temperature/Interstage turbine temperature systems;  
Engine speed;  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 200
 
LEVEL  
▼M5 
B2 
B2L 
▼B 
Engine Thrust Indication: Engine Pressure Ratio, engine turbine  discharge pressure or jet 
pipe pressure systems;  
Oil pressure and temperature;  
Fuel pressure, temperature and flow;  
Manifold pressure;  
Engine torque;  
Propeller speed.  
14.3 Starting and Ignition Systems  2  
Operation of engine start systems and components;  
Ignition systems and components;  
Maintenance safety requirements.  
MODULE 15. GAS TURBINE ENGINE  
LEVEL  
A B 1  
15.1 Fundamentals  1 2  
Potential energy, kinetic energy, Newton's laws of motion, Bray ton cycle;  
The relationship between force, work, power, energy, velocity, acceleration;  
Constructional arrangement and operation of turbojet, turbofan,  turboshaft, turboprop.  
15.2 Engine Performance  —  2  
Gross thrust, net thrust, choked nozzle thrust, thrust distribu tion, resultant thrust, thrust 
horsepower, equivalent shaft horsepower, specific fuel consumpt ion; 
Engine efficiencies;  
By-pass ratio and engine pressure ratio;  
Pressure, temperature and velocity of the gas flow;  
Engine ratings, static thrust, influence of speed, altitude and  hot climate, flat rating, 
limitations.  
15.3 Inlet  2 2  
Compressor inlet ducts  
Effects of various inlet configurations;  
Ice protection.  
15.4 Compressors  1 2  
Axial and centrifugal types;  
Constructional features and operating principles and applicatio ns; ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 201
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  
Fan balancing;  
Operation:  
Causes and effects of compressor stall and surge;  
Methods of air flow control: bleed valves, variable inlet guide  vanes, variable stator 
vanes, rotating stator blades;  
Compressor ratio.  
15.5 Combustion Section  1  2  
Constructional features and principles of operation.  
15.6 Turbine Section  2  2  
Operation and characteristics of different turbine blade types;  
Blade to disk attachment;  
Nozzle guide vanes;  
Causes and effects of turbine blade stress and creep.  
15.7 Exhaust  1 2  
Constructional features and principles of operation;  
Convergent, divergent and variable area nozzles;  
Engine noise reduction;  
Thrust reversers.  
15.8 Bearings and Seals  —  2  
Constructional features and principles of operation.  
15.9 Lubricants and Fuels  1  2  
Properties and specifications;  
Fuel additives;  
Safety precautions.  
15.10  Lubrication Systems  1  2  
System operation/lay-out and components.  
15.11  Fuel Systems  1 2  
Operation of engine control and fuel metering systems including  electronic engine 
control (FADEC);  
Systems lay-out and components.  
15.12  Air Systems  1 2  
Operation of engine air distribution and anti-ice control syste ms, including internal 
cooling, sealing and external air services.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 202
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  
15.13  Starting and Ignition Systems  1  2  
Operation of engine start systems and components;  
Ignition systems and components;  
Maintenance safety requirements.  
15.14  Engine Indication Systems  1  2  
Exhaust Gas Temperature/Interstage Turbine Temperature;  
Engine Thrust Indication: Engine Pressure Ratio, engine turbine  discharge pressure or 
jet pipe pressure systems;  
Oil pressure and temperature;  
Fuel pressure and flow;  
Engine speed;  
Vibration measurement and indication;  
Torque;  
Power.  
15.15  Power Augmentation Systems  —  1  
Operation and applications;  
Water injection, water methanol;  
Afterburner systems.  
15.16  Turbo-prop Engines  1  2  
Gas coupled/free turbine and gear coupled turbines;  
Reduction gears;  
Integrated engine and propeller controls;  
Overspeed safety devices.  
15.17  Turbo-shaft Engines  1  2  
Arrangements, drive systems, reduction gearing, couplings, cont rol systems.  
15.18  Auxiliary Power Units (APUs)  1  2  
Purpose, operation, protective systems.  
15.19  Powerplant Installation  1  2  
Configuration of firewalls, cowlings, acoustic panels, engine m ounts, anti-vibration 
mounts, hoses, pipes, feeders, connectors, wiring looms, contro l cables and rods, 
lifting points and drains.  
15.20  Fire Protection Systems  1  2  
Operation of detection and extinguishing systems.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 203
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  
15.21  Engine Monitoring and Ground Operation  1  3  
Procedures for starting and ground run-up;  
Interpretation of engine power output and parameters;  
Trend (including oil analysis, vibration and boroscope) monitor ing; 
Inspection of engine and components to criteria, tolerances and  data specified by 
engine manufacturer;  
Compressor washing/cleaning;  
Foreign Object Damage.  
15.22  Engine Storage and Preservation  —  2  
Preservation and depreservation for the engine and accessories/ systems.  
MODULE 16. PISTON ENGINE  
LEVEL  
A B 1  B 3  
16.1 Fundamentals  1 2  2  
Mechanical, thermal and volumetric efficiencies;  
Operating principles — 2 stroke, 4 stroke, Otto and Diesel;  
Piston displacement and compression ratio;  
Engine configuration and firing order.  
16.2 Engine Performance  1  2  2  
Power calculation and measurement;  
Factors affecting engine power;  
Mixtures/leaning, pre-ignition.  
16.3 Engine Construction  1  2  2  
Crank case, crank shaft, cam shafts, sumps;  
Accessory gearbox;  
Cylinder and piston assemblies;  
Connecting rods, inlet and exhaust manifolds;  
Valve mechanisms;  
Propeller reduction gearboxes.  
16.4 Engine Fuel Systems  
16.4.1  Carburettors  1 2  2  
Types, construction and principles of operation;  
Icing and heating.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 204
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  B 3  
16.4.2  Fuel injection systems  1  2  2  
Types, construction and principles of operation.  
16.4.3  Electronic engine control  1  2  2  
Operation of engine control and fuel metering systems including  electronic engine 
control (FADEC);  
Systems lay-out and components.  
16.5 Starting and Ignition Systems  1  2  2  
Starting systems, pre-heat systems;  
Magneto types, construction and principles of operation;  
Ignition harnesses, spark plugs;  
Low and high tension systems.  
16.6 Induction, Exhaust and Cooling Systems  1  2  2  
Construction and operation of: induction systems including alte rnate air systems;  
Exhaust systems, engine cooling systems — air and liquid.  
16.7 Supercharging/Turbocharging  1  2  2  
Principles and purpose of supercharging and its effects on engi ne parameters;  
Construction and operation of supercharging/turbocharging syste ms; 
System terminology;  
Control systems;  
System protection.  
16.8 Lubricants and Fuels  1  2  2  
Properties and specifications;  
Fuel additives;  
Safety precautions.  
16.9 Lubrication Systems  1  2  2  
System operation/lay-out and components.  
16.10  Engine Indication Systems  1  2  2  
Engine speed;  
Cylinder head temperature;  
Coolant temperature;  
Oil pressure and temperature;  
Exhaust Gas Temperature;  
Fuel pressure and flow;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 205
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  B 3  
Manifold pressure.  
16.11  Powerplant Installation  1  2  2  
Configuration of firewalls, cowlings, acoustic panels, engine m ounts, anti-vibration 
mounts, hoses, pipes, feeders, connectors, wiring looms, contro l cables and rods, lifting 
points and drains.  
16.12  Engine Monitoring and Ground Operation  1  3  2  
Procedures for starting and ground run-up;  
Interpretation of engine power output and parameters;  
Inspection of engine and components: criteria, tolerances, and data specified by engine 
manufacturer.  
16.13  Engine Storage and Preservation  —  2  1  
Preservation and depreservation for the engine and accessories/ systems.  
MODULE 17A. PROPELLER  
Note:  This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject ma tters for category B3 are defined in module 17B.  
LEVEL  
A B 1  
17.1 Fundamentals  1  2  
Blade element theory;  
High/low blade angle, reverse angle, angle of attack, rotationa l speed;  
Propeller slip;  
Aerodynamic, centrifugal, and thrust forces;  
Torque;  
Relative airflow on blade angle of attack;  
Vibration and resonance.  
17.2 Propeller Construction  1  2  
Construction methods and materials used in wooden, composite an d metal 
propellers;  
Blade station, blade face, blade shank, blade back and hub asse mbly;  
Fixed pitch, controllable pitch, constant speeding propeller;  
Propeller/spinner installation.  
17.3 Propeller Pitch Control  1  2  
Speed control and pitch change methods, mechanical and electric al/electronic;  
Feathering and reverse pitch;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 206
 
LEVEL  
A B 1  
Overspeed protection.  
17.4 Propeller Synchronising  —  2  
Synchronising and synchrophasing equipment.  
17.5 Propeller Ice Protection  1  2  
Fluid and electrical de-icing equipment.  
17.6 Propeller Maintenance  1  3  
Static and dynamic balancing;  
Blade tracking;  
Assessment of blade damage, erosion, corrosion, impact damage, delamination;  
Propeller treatment/repair schemes;  
Propeller engine running.  
17.7 Propeller Storage and Preservation  1  2  
Propeller preservation and depreservation.  
MODULE 17B. PROPELLER  
Note:  The scope of this Module shall reflect the propeller technolog y of aeroplanes pertinent to the B3 category.  
LEVEL  
B3 
17.1 Fundamentals  2 
Blade element theory;  
High/low blade angle, reverse angle, angle of attack, rotationa l speed;  
Propeller slip;  
Aerodynamic, centrifugal, and thrust forces;  
Torque;  
Relative airflow on blade angle of attack;  
Vibration and resonance.  
17.2 Propeller Construction  2 
Construction methods and material used in wooden, composite and  metal propellers;  
Blade station, blade face, blade shank, blade back and hub asse mbly;  
Fixed pitch, controllable pitch, constant speeding propeller;  
Propeller/spinner installation.  
17.3 Propeller Pitch Control  2 
Speed control and pitch change methods, mechanical and electric al/electronic;  
Feathering and reverse pitch;  
Overspeed protection.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 207
 
LEVEL  
B3 
17.4 Propeller Synchronising  2 
Synchronising and synchrophasing equipment.  
17.5 Propeller Ice Protection  2 
Fluid and electrical de-icing equipment.  
17.6 Propeller Maintenance  2 
Static and dynamic balancing;  
Blade tracking;  
Assessment of blade damage, erosion, corrosion, impact damage, delamination;  
Propeller treatment/repair schemes;  
Propeller engine running.  
17.7 Propeller Storage and Preservation  2  
Propeller preservation and depreservation.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 208
 
Appendix II  
Basic Examination Standard  
(except for category L licence)  
▼B 
1. General  
1.1. All basic examinations shall be carried out using the mult i-choice question 
format and essay questions as specified below. The incorrect al ternatives 
shall seem equally plausible to anyone ignorant of the subject.  All of the 
alternatives shall be clearly related to the question and of si milar 
vocabulary, grammatical construction and length. In numerical q uestions, 
the incorrect answers shall correspond to procedural errors suc h as 
corrections applied in the wrong sense or incorrect unit conver sions: 
they shall not be mere random numbers.  
1.2. Each multi-choice question shall have three alternative an swers of which 
only one shall be the correct answer and the candidate shall be  allowed a 
time per module which is based upon a nominal average of 75 sec onds per 
question.  
1.3. Each essay question requires the preparation of a written answer and the 
candidate shall be allowed 20 minutes to answer each such quest ion. 
1.4. Suitable essay questions shall be drafted and evaluated us ing the 
knowledge syllabus in Appendix I Modules 7A, 7B, 9A, 9B and 10.  
1.5. Each question will have a model answer drafted for it, whi ch will also 
include any known alternative answers that may be relevant for other 
subdivisions.  
1.6. The model answer will also be broken down into a list of t he important 
points known as Key Points.  
1.7. The pass mark for each module and sub-module multi-choice part of the 
examination is 75 %.  
1.8. The pass mark for each essay question is 75 % in that the candidates 
answer shall contain 75 % of the required key points addressed by the 
question and no significant error related to any required key p oint. 
1.9. If either the multi-choice part only or the essay part onl y is failed, then it is 
only necessary to retake the multi-choice or essay part, as app ropriate.  
1.10. Penalty marking systems shall not be used to determine wh ether a 
candidate has passed.  
1.11. A failed module may not be retaken for at least 90 days f ollowing the date 
of the failed module examination, except in the case of a maint enance 
training organisation approved in accordance with Annex IV (Par t-147) 
which conducts a course of retraining tailored to the failed su bjects in 
the particular module when the failed module may be retaken aft er 30 
days.  
1.12. The time periods required by point 66.A.25 apply to each individual 
module examination, with the exception of those module examinat ions 
which were passed as part of another category licence, where th e licence 
has already been issued.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 209
 
1.13. The maximum number of consecutive attempts for each modul e is three. 
Further sets of three attempts are allowed with a 1 year waitin g period 
between sets.  
The applicant shall confirm in writing to the approved maintena nce 
training organisation or the competent authority to which they apply for 
an examination, the number and dates of attempts during the las t year and 
the organisation or the competent authority where these attempt s took 
place. The maintenance training organisation or the competent a uthority 
is responsible for checking the number of attempts within the a pplicable 
timeframes.  
2. Number of questions per module  
2.1. MODULE 1 — MATHEMATICS  
Category A: 16 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  20 
minutes.  
Category B1: 32 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 40 
minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 32 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. 
Time allowed 40 minutes.  
Category B3: 28 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 35 
minutes.  
2.2. MODULE 2 — PHYSICS  
Category A: 32 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  40 
minutes.  
Category B1: 52 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 65 
minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 52 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. 
Time allowed 65 minutes.  
Category B3: 28 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 35 
minutes.  
2.3. MODULE 3 — ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS  
Category A: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  25 
minutes.  
Category B1: 52 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 65 
minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 52 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. 
Time allowed 65 minutes.  
Category B3: 24 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 30 
minutes.  
2.4. MODULE 4 — ELECTRONIC FUNDAMENTALS  
Category B1: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 25 
minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 40 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. 
Time allowed 50 minutes.  
Category B3: 8 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  10 
minutes.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 210
 
2.5. MODULE 5 — DIGITAL TECHNIQUES/ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT 
SYSTEMS  
Category A: 16 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  20 
minutes.  
Category B1.1 and B1.3: 40 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time 
allowed 50 minutes.  
Category B1.2 and B1.4: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time 
allowed 25 minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 72 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. 
Time allowed 90 minutes.  
Category B3: 16 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 20 
minutes.  
2.6. MODULE 6 — MATERIALS AND HARDWARE  
Category A: 52 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  65 
minutes.  
Category B1: 72 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 90 
minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 60 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. 
Time allowed 75 minutes.  
Category B3: 60 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 75 
minutes.  
2.7. MODULE 7A — MAINTENANCE PRACTICES  
Category A: 72 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed  90 
minutes plus 40 minutes.  
Category B1: 80 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowe d 100 
minutes plus 40 minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 60 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. 
Time allowed 75 minutes plus 40 minutes.  
MODULE 7B — MAINTENANCE PRACTICES  
Category B3: 60 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowe d 75 
minutes plus 40 minutes.  
2.8. MODULE 8 — BASIC AERODYNAMICS  
Category A: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  25 
minutes.  
Category B1: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 25 
minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. 
Time allowed 25 minutes.  
Category B3: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 25 
minutes.  
2.9. MODULE 9A — HUMAN FACTORS  
Category A: 20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 25 
minutes plus 20 minutes.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 211
 
Category B1: 20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed  25 
minutes plus 20 minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. 
Time allowed 25 minutes plus 20 minutes.  
MODULE 9B — HUMAN FACTORS  
Category B3: 16 multi-choice and 1 essay questions. Time allowe d 20 
minutes plus 20 minutes.  
2.10. MODULE 10 — AVIATION LEGISLATION  
Category A: 32 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 40 
minutes plus 20 minutes.  
Category B1: 40 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed  50 
minutes plus 20 minutes.  
►M5 Category B2 and B2L ◄: 40 multi-choice and 1 essay question. 
Time allowed 50 minutes plus 20 minutes.  
Category B3: 32 multi-choice and 1 essay questions. Time allowe d 40 
minutes plus 20 minutes.  
2.11. MODULE 11A — TURBINE AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, 
STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS  
Category A: 108 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 135 
minutes.  
Category B1: 140 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allow ed 175 
minutes.  
MODULE 11B — PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, 
STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS  
Category A: 72 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  90 
minutes.  
Category B1: 100 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allow ed 125 
minutes.  
MODULE 11C — PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, 
STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS  
Category B3: 60 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 75 
minutes.  
2.12. MODULE 12 — HELICOPTER AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES 
AND SYSTEMS:  
Category A: 100 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 125 
minutes.  
Category B1: 128 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allow ed 160 
minutes.  
▼M5 
2.13. MODULE 13 — AIRCRAFT AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND 
SYSTEMS  
Category B2: 180 multiple-choice and 0 essay questions. Time al lowed: 
225 minutes. Questions and time allowed may be split into two e xam­
inations, as appropriate.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 212
 
Category B2L:  
System rating  Number of 
multiple-choice 
questions  Time allowed 
(minutes)  
Basic requirements 
(Submodules 13.1, 13.2, 13.5 and 13.9)  28 3 5  
COM/NAV 
(Submodule 13.4(a))  24 3 0  
INSTRUMENTS 
(Submodule 13.8)  20 2 5  
AUTOFLIGHT 
(Submodules 13.3(a) and 13.7)  28 3 5  
SURVEILLANCE 
(Submodule 13.4(b))  8 1 0  
AIRFRAME SYSTEMS 
(Submodules 13.11 to 13.18)  32 4 0  
2.14. MODULE 14 — PROPULSION  
Category B2 and B2L: 24 multiple-choice and 0 essay questions. Time 
allowed: 30 minutes.  
NOTE: The B2L examination for module 14 is only applicable to t he 
‘Instruments’ and ‘Airframe Systems’ ratings.  
▼B 
2.15. MODULE 15 — GAS TURBINE ENGINE  
Category A: 60 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  75 
minutes.  
Category B1: 92 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 115 
minutes.  
2.16. MODULE 16 — PISTON ENGINE  
Category A: 52 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  65 
minutes.  
Category B1: 72 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 90 
minutes.  
Category B3: 68 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 85 
minutes.  
2.17. MODULE 17A — PROPELLER  
Category A: 20 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowed  25 
minutes.  
Category B1: 32 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 40 
minutes.  
MODULE 17B — PROPELLER  
Category B3: 28 multi-choice and 0 essay questions. Time allowe d 35 
minutes.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 213
 
Appendix III  
Aircraft type training and examination standard  
On the job training  
1. General  
Aircraft type training shall consist of theoretical training an d examination, 
and, except for the category C ratings, practical training and assessment.  
(a) Theoretical training and examination shall comply with the following 
requirements:  
(i) Shall be conducted by a maintenance training organisation a ppro­
priately approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147) or, 
when conducted by other organisations, as directly approved by 
the competent authority.  
▼M5 
(ii) Shall comply, except as permitted by the differences train ing 
provided for in point (c), with the standard set out in point 3 .1 
of this Appendix and, if available, the relevant elements defin ed in 
the mandatory part of the operational suitability data establis hed 
in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
▼B 
(iii) In the case of a category C person qualified by holding a n 
academic degree as specified in point 66.A.30(a)(5), the first 
relevant aircraft type theoretical training shall be at the cat egory 
B1 or B2 level.  
(iv) Shall have been started and completed within the 3 years 
preceding the application for a type rating endorsement.  
(b) Practical training and assessment shall comply with the fol lowing 
requirements:  
(i) Shall be conducted by a maintenance training organisation a ppro­
priately approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147) or, 
when conducted by other organisations, as directly approved by 
the competent authority.  
▼M5 
(ii) Shall comply, except as permitted by the differences train ing 
described in point (c), with the standard set out in point 3.2 of 
this Appendix and, if available, the relevant elements defined in 
the mandatory part of the operational suitability data establis hed 
in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
▼B 
(iii) Shall include a representative cross section of maintenan ce 
activities relevant to the aircraft type.  
(iv) Shall include demonstrations using equipment, components, 
simulators, other training devices or aircraft.  
(v) Shall have been started and completed within the 3 years 
preceding the application for a type rating endorsement.  
(c) Differences training  
(i) Differences training is the training required in order to c over the 
differences between two different aircraft type ratings of the same 
manufacturer as determined by the Agency.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 214
 
(ii) Differences training has to be defined on a case-to-case b asis 
taking into account the requirements contained in this Appendix  
III in respect of both theoretical and practical elements of ty pe 
rating training.  
(iii) A type rating shall only be endorsed on a licence after d ifferences 
training when the applicant also complies with one of the 
following conditions:  
— having already endorsed on the licence the aircraft type rati ng 
from which the differences are being identified, or  
— having completed the type training requirements for the 
aircraft from which the differences are being identified.  
2. Aircraft type training levels  
The three levels listed below define the objectives, the depth of training 
and the level of knowledge that the training is intended to ach ieve.  
— Level 1: A brief overview of the airframe, systems and powerplant as 
outlined in the Systems Description Section of the Aircraft Maintenance 
Manual/Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.  
Course objectives: Upon completion of Level 1 training, the stu dent 
will be able to:  
(a) provide a simple description of the whole subject, using co mmon 
words and examples, using typical terms and identify safety 
precautions related to the airframe, its systems and powerplant ; 
(b) identify aircraft manuals, maintenance practices important to the 
airframe, its systems and powerplant;  
(c) define the general layout of the aircraft's major systems;  
(d) define the general layout and characteristics of the powerp lant; 
(e) identify special tooling and test equipment used with the a ircraft.  
— Level 2: Basic system overview of controls, indicators, principal 
components, including their location and purpose, servicing and 
minor troubleshooting. General knowledge of the theoretical and 
practical aspects of the subject.  
Course objectives: In addition to the information contained in the Level 
1 training, at the completion of Level 2 training, the student will be 
able to:  
(a) understand the theoretical fundamentals; apply knowledge in  a  
practical manner using detailed procedures;  
(b) recall the safety precautions to be observed when working o n or 
near the aircraft, powerplant and systems;  
(c) describe systems and aircraft handling particularly access,  power 
availability and sources;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 215
 
(d) identify the locations of the principal components;  
(e) explain the normal functioning of each major system, includ ing 
terminology and nomenclature;  
(f) perform the procedures for servicing associated with the ai rcraft 
for the following systems: Fuel, Power Plants, Hydraulics, 
Landing Gear, Water/Waste, and Oxygen;  
(g) demonstrate proficiency in use of crew reports and on-board  
reporting systems (minor troubleshooting) and determine aircraf t 
airworthiness per the MEL/CDL;  
(h) demonstrate the use, interpretation and application of appr opriate 
documentation including instructions for continued airworthines s, 
maintenance manual, illustrated parts catalogue, etc.  
— Level 3: Detailed description, operation, component location, removal/ 
installation and bite and troubleshooting procedures to maintenance 
manual level.  
Course objectives: In addition to the information contained in Level 1 
and Level 2 training, at the completion of Level 3 training, th e student 
will be able to:  
(a) demonstrate a theoretical knowledge of aircraft systems and  
structures and interrelationships with other systems, provide a  
detailed description of the subject using theoretical fundament als 
and specific examples and to interpret results from various sou rces 
and measurements and apply corrective action where appropriate;  
(b) perform system, powerplant, component and functional checks  as 
specified in the aircraft maintenance manual;  
(c) demonstrate the use, interpret and apply appropriate docume ntation 
including structural repair manual, troubleshooting manual, etc .; 
(d) correlate information for the purpose of making decisions i n respect 
of fault diagnosis and rectification to maintenance manual leve l; 
(e) describe procedures for replacement of components unique to  
aircraft type.  
3. Aircraft type training standard  
Although aircraft type training includes both theoretical and p ractical 
elements, courses can be approved for the theoretical element, the 
practical element or for a combination of both.  
3.1. Theoretical element  
(a) Objective:  
On completion of a theoretical training course the student shal l be 
able to demonstrate, to the levels identified in the Appendix I II 
syllabus, the detailed theoretical knowledge of the aircraft's applicable 
systems, structure, operations, maintenance, repair, and troubl es­
hooting according to approved maintenance data. The student sha ll 
be able to demonstrate the use of manuals and approved procedur es, 
including the knowledge of relevant inspections and limitations . ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 216
 
(b) Level of training:  
Training levels are those levels defined in point 2 above.  
After the first type course for category C certifying staff all  
subsequent courses need only be to level 1.  
During a level 3 theoretical training, level 1 and 2 training m aterial 
may be used to teach the full scope of the chapter if required.  
However, during the training the majority of the course materia l 
and training time shall be at the higher level.  
(c) Duration:  
The theoretical training minimum tuition hours are contained in  the 
following table:  
Category  Hours  
Aeroplanes with a maximum take-off mass above 30 000 kg:  
B1.1  150  
B1.2  120  
B2 100  
C 3 0  
Aeroplanes with a maximum take-off mass equal or less than 
30 000 kg and above 5 700 kg:  
B1.1  120  
B1.2  100  
B2 100  
C 2 5  
Aeroplanes with a maximum take-off mass of 5 700 kg and 
below  ( 1 ) 
B1.1  8 0  
B1.2  6 0  
B2 6 0  
C 1 5  
Helicopters  ( 2 ) 
B1.3  120  
B1.4  100  
B2 100  
C 2 5  
▼M5 
( 1 ) For non-pressurised piston engine aeroplanes below 2 000 kg M TOM, the 
minimum duration can be reduced by 50 %. 
( 9 ) For helicopters in Group 2 (as defined in point 66.A.5), the minimum 
duration can be reduced by 30 %.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 217
 
For the purpose of the table above, a tuition hour means 60 min utes 
of teaching and exclude any breaks, examination, revision, prep ­
aration and aircraft visit.  
These hours apply only to theoretical courses for complete airc raft/ 
engine combinations according to the type rating as defined by the 
Agency.  
(d) Justification of course duration:  
Training courses carried out in a maintenance training organisa tion 
approved in accordance with Annex IV (Part-147) and courses 
directly approved by the competent authority shall justify thei r hour 
duration and the coverage of the full syllabus by a training ne eds 
analysis based on:  
— the design of the aircraft type, its maintenance needs and th e types 
of operation,  
— detailed analysis of applicable chapters — see contents table  in 
point 3.1(e) below,  
— detailed competency analysis showing that the objectives as s tated 
in point 3.1(a) above are fully met.  
Where the training needs analysis shows that more hours are nee ded, 
course lengths shall be longer than the minimum specified in th e 
table.  
Similarly, tuition hours of differences courses or other traini ng course 
combinations (such as combined B1/B2 courses), and in cases of 
theoretical type training courses below the figures given in 
point 3.1(c) above, these shall be justified to the competent 
authority by the training needs analysis as described above.  
In addition, the course must describe and justify the following : 
— The minimum attendance required to the trainee, in order to m eet 
the objectives of the course.  
— The maximum number of hours of training per day, taking into 
account pedagogical and human factors principles.  
If the minimum attendance required is not met, the certificate of 
recognition shall not be issued. Additional training may be pro vided 
by the training organisation in order to meet the minimum atten dance 
time.  
(e) Content:  
As a minimum, the elements in the Syllabus below that are speci fic to 
the aircraft type shall be covered. Additional elements introdu ced due 
to type variations, technological changes, etc. shall also be i ncluded.  
The training syllabus shall be focused on mechanical and electr ical 
aspects for B1 personnel, and electrical and avionic aspects fo r B2.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 218
 
Level 
Chapters  Aeroplanes 
turbine  Aeroplanes piston  Helicopters turbine  Helicopters piston  Avioni­
cs 
Licence category.  B 1  C  B 1  C  B 1  C  B 1  C  B 2  
Introduction module:  
05 Time limits/maintenance checks  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
06 Dimensions/Areas (MTOM, etc.)  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
07 Lifting and Shoring  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
08 Levelling and weighing  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
09 Towing and taxiing  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
10 Parking/mooring, Storing and 
Return to Service  1 1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
11 Placards and Markings  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
12 Servicing  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
20 Standard practices — only type 
particular  1 1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
Helicopters  
18 Vibration and Noise Analysis 
(Blade tracking)  — —  —  —  3  1  3  1  —  
60 Standard Practices Rotor  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  —  
62 Rotors  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  1  
62A Rotors — Monitoring and indi­
cating  — —  —  —  3  1  3  1  3  
63 Rotor Drives  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  1  
63A Rotor Drives — Monitoring and 
indicating  — —  —  —  3  1  3  1  3  
64 Tail Rotor  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  1  
64A Tail rotor — Monitoring and indi­
cating  — —  —  —  3  1  3  1  3  
65 Tail Rotor Drive  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  1  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 219
 
Level 
Chapters  Aeroplanes 
turbine  Aeroplanes piston  Helicopters turbine  Helicopters piston  Avioni­
cs 
65A Tail Rotor Drive — Monitoring 
and indicating  — —  —  —  3  1  3  1  3  
66 Folding Blades/Pylon  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  —  
67 Rotors Flight Control  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  —  
53 Airframe Structure (Helicopter)  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  —  
25 Emergency Flotation Equipment  —  —  —  —  3  1  3  1  1  
Airframe structures  
51 Standard practices and structures 
(damage classification, assessment 
and repair)  3 1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
53 Fuselage  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
54 Nacelles/Pylons  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
55 Stabilisers  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
56 Windows  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
57 Wings  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
27A Flight Control Surfaces (All)  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
52 Doors  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
Zonal and Station Identification 
Systems.  1 1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  
Airframe systems:  
21 Air Conditioning  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
21A Air Supply  3  1  3  1  ►M5 3  ◄  ►M5 1  ◄  3  1  2  
21B Pressurisation  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
21C Safety and Warning Devices  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
22 Autoflight  2  1  2  1  2  1  2  1  3  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 220
 
Level 
Chapters  Aeroplanes 
turbine  Aeroplanes piston  Helicopters turbine  Helicopters piston  Avioni­
cs 
23 Communications  2  1  2  1  2  1  2  1  3  
24 Electrical Power  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
25 Equipment and Furnishings  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  1  
25A Electronic Equipment including 
emergency equipment  1 1  1  1  1  1  1  1  3  
26 Fire Protection  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
27 Flight Controls  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  2  
27A Sys. Operation: Electrical/Fly-by- 
Wire  3 1  —  —  —  —  —  —  3  
28 Fuel Systems  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  2  
28A Fuel Systems — Monitoring and 
indicating  3 1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
29 Hydraulic Power  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  2  
29A Hydraulic Power — Monitoring 
and indicating  3 1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
30 Ice and Rain Protection  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
31 Indicating/Recording Systems  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
31A Instrument Systems  3  1  3  1  3  1  ►M5 3  ◄  ►M5 1  ◄  3  
32 Landing Gear  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  2  
32A Landing Gear — Monitoring and 
indicating  3 1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
33 Lights  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
34 Navigation  2  1  2  1  2  1  2  1  3  
35 Oxygen  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  2  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 221
 
Level 
Chapters  Aeroplanes 
turbine  Aeroplanes piston  Helicopters turbine  Helicopters piston  Avioni­
cs 
36 Pneumatic  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  2  
36A Pneumatic — Monitoring and 
indicating  3 1  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  
37 Vacuum  3  1  3  1  3  1  3  1  2  
38 Water/Waste  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  2  
41 Water Ballast  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
42 Integrated modular avionics  2  1  2  1  2  1  2  1  3  
44 Cabin Systems  2  1  2  1  2  1  2  1  3  
45 On-Board Maintenance System 
(or covered in 31)  3 1  3  1  3  1  —  —  3  
46 Information Systems  2  1  2  1  2  1  2  1  3  
50 Cargo and Accessory 
Compartments  3 1  3  1  3  1  3  1  1  
Turbine Engine  
70 Standard Practices — Engines,  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
70A constructional arrangement and 
operation (Installation Inlet, 
Compressors, Combustion 
Section, Turbine Section, 
Bearings and Seals, Lubrication 
Systems).  3 1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
70B Engine Performance  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
71 Powerplant  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
72 Engine Turbine/Turbo Prop/ 
Ducted Fan/Unducted fan  3 1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
73 Engine Fuel and Control  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
75 Air  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
76 Engine controls  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 222
 
Level 
Chapters  Aeroplanes 
turbine  Aeroplanes piston  Helicopters turbine  Helicopters piston  Avioni­
cs 
78 Exhaust  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
79 Oil  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
80 Starting  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
82 Water Injections  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
83 Accessory Gear Boxes  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
84 Propulsion Augmentation  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  1  
73A FADEC  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  
74 Ignition  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  
77 Engine Indicating Systems  3  1  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  
49 Auxiliary Power Units (APUs)  3  1  —  —  —  —  —  —  2  
Piston Engine  
70 Standard Practices — Engines  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
70A Constructional arrangement and 
operation (Installation, Carbu­
rettors, Fuel injection systems, 
Induction, Exhaust and Cooling 
Systems, Supercharging/Turbo­
charging, Lubrication Systems).  — —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
70B Engine Performance  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
71 Powerplant  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
73 Engine Fuel and Control  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
76 Engine Control  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
79 Oil  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
80 Starting  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
81 Turbines  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 223
 
Level 
Chapters  Aeroplanes 
turbine  Aeroplanes piston  Helicopters turbine  Helicopters piston  Avioni­
cs 
82 Water Injections  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
83 Accessory Gear Boxes  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
84 Propulsion Augmentation  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  1  
73A FADEC  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  3  
74 Ignition  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  3  
77 Engine Indication Systems  —  —  3  1  —  —  3  1  3  
Propellers  
60A Standard Practices — Propeller  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
61 Propellers/Propulsion  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
61A Propeller Construction  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  —  
61B Propeller Pitch Control  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  —  
61C Propeller Synchronising  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
61D Propeller Electronic control  2  1  2  1  —  —  —  —  3  
61E Propeller Ice Protection  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  —  
61F Propeller Maintenance  3  1  3  1  —  —  —  —  1  
(f) Multimedia Based Training (MBT) methods may be used to sati sfy 
the theoretical training element either in the classroom or in a virtual 
controlled environment subject to the acceptance of the compete nt 
authority approving the training course.  
3.2. Practical element  
(a) Objective:  
The objective of practical training is to gain the required com petence 
in performing safe maintenance, inspections and routine work 
according to the maintenance manual and other relevant instruct ions 
and tasks as appropriate for the type of aircraft, for example troubles­
hooting, repairs, adjustments, replacements, rigging and functi onal 
checks. It includes the awareness of the use of all technical l iterature 
and documentation for the aircraft, the use of specialist/speci al tooling 
and test equipment for performing removal and replacement of 
components and modules unique to type, including any on-wing ma in­
tenance activity.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 224
 
(b) Content:  
At least 50 % of the crossed items in the table below, which ar e 
relevant to the particular aircraft type, shall be completed as  part of 
the practical training.  
Tasks crossed represent subjects that are important for practic al 
training purposes to ensure that the operation, function, insta llation 
and safety significance of key maintenance tasks is adequately 
addressed; particularly where these cannot be fully explained b y theor­
etical training alone. Although the list details the minimum pr actical 
training subjects, other items may be added where applicable to  the 
particular aircraft type.  
Tasks to be completed shall be representative of the aircraft a nd 
systems both in complexity and in the technical input required to 
complete that task. While relatively simple tasks may be includ ed, 
other more complex tasks shall also be incorporated and underta ken 
as appropriate to the aircraft type.  
Glossary of the table: LOC: Location; FOT: Functional/Operation al 
Test; SGH: Service and Ground Handling; R/I: Removal/Installati on; 
MEL: Minimum Equipment List; TS: TroubleShooting.  
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
Introduction module:  
5 Time limits/maintenance checks  X/X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
6 Dimensions/Areas (MTOM, etc.)  X/X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
7 Lifting and Shoring  X/X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
8 Levelling and weighing  X/X  —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
9 Towing and taxiing  X/X  —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
10 Parking/mooring, Storing and Return 
to Service  X/X —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
11 Placards and Markings  X/X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
12 Servicing  X/X  —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
20 Standard practices — only type 
particular  X/X —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
Helicopters:  
18 Vibration and Noise Analysis (Blade 
tracking)  X/—  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 225
 
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
60 Standard Practices Rotor — only type 
specific  X/X —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
62 Rotors  X / —  —  X  X  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
62A Rotors — Monitoring and indicating  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  —  —  X  —  X  
63 Rotor Drives  X / —  X  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
63A Rotor Drives — Monitoring and indi­
cating  X/X X  —  X  X  X  —  —  X  —  X  
64 Tail Rotor  X / —  —  X  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
64A Tail rotor -Monitoring and indicating  X/X  X  —  X  X  X  —  —  X  —  X  
65 Tail Rotor Drive  X / —  X  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
65A Tail Rotor Drive — Monitoring and 
indicating  X/X X  —  X  X  X  —  —  X  —  X  
66 Folding Blades/Pylon  X / —  X  X  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
67 Rotors Flight Control  X / —  X  X  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
53 Airframe Structure (Helicopter) 
Note: covered under Airframe 
structures  
25 Emergency Flotation Equipment  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  —  —  —  
Airframe structures:  
51 Standard Practices and Structures 
(damage classification, assessment 
and repair)  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 226
 
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
53 Fuselage  X / —  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
54 Nacelles/Pylons  X / —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
55 Stabilisers  X / —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
56 Windows  X / —  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
57 Wings  X / —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
27A Flight Control Surfaces  X / —  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
52 Doors  X/X  X  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
Airframe systems:  
21 Air Conditioning  X/X  X  X  —  X  X  X  X  —  X  X  
21A Air Supply  X/X  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  
21B Pressurisation  X/X  X  —  —  X  X  X  —  —  X  X  
21C Safety and warning Devices  X/X  —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
22 Autoflight  X/X  —  —  —  X  —  X  X  X  X  X  
23 Communications  X/X  —  X  —  X  —  X  X  X  X  X  
24 Electrical Power  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
25 Equipment and Furnishings  X/X  X  X  X  —  —  X  X  X  —  —  
25A Electronic Equipment including 
emergency equipment  X/X X  X  X  —  —  X  X  X  —  —  
26 Fire Protection  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 227
 
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
27 Flight Controls  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  —  —  —  —  
27A Sys. Operation: Electrical/Fly-by- 
Wire  X/X X  X  X  X  —  X  —  X  —  X  
28 Fuel Systems  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  —  X  —  
28A Fuel Systems — Monitoring and indi­
cating  X/X X  —  —  —  —  X  —  X  —  X  
29 Hydraulic Power  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  —  X  —  
29A Hydraulic Power — Monitoring and 
indicating  X/X X  —  X  X  X  X  —  X  X  X  
30 Ice and Rain Protection  X/X  X  X  —  X  X  X  X  —  X  X  
31 Indicating/Recording Systems  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
31A Instrument Systems  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
32 Landing Gear  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  —  
32A Landing Gear — Monitoring and 
indicating  X/X X  —  X  X  X  X  —  X  X  X  
33 Lights  X/X  X  X  —  X  —  X  X  X  X  —  
34 Navigation  X/X  —  X  —  X  —  X  X  X  X  X  
35 Oxygen  X / —  X  X  X  —  —  X  X  —  —  —  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 228
 
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
36 Pneumatic  X / —  X  —  X  X  X  X  —  X  X  X  
36A Pneumatic — Monitoring and indi­
cating  X/X X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
37 Vacuum  X / —  X  —  X  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
38 Water/Waste  X / —  X  X  —  —  —  X  X  —  —  —  
41 Water Ballast  X / —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
42 Integrated modular avionics  X/X  —  —  —  —  —  X  X  X  X  X  
44 Cabin Systems  X/X  —  —  —  —  —  X  X  X  X  X  
45 On-Board Maintenance System (or 
covered in 31)  X/X X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
46 Information Systems  X/X  —  —  —  —  —  X  —  X  X  X  
50 Cargo and Accessory Compartments  X/X  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Turbine/Piston Engine Module:  
70 Standard Practices — Engines — 
only type particular  — —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
70A Constructional arrangement and 
operation (Installation Inlet, 
Compressors, Combustion Section, 
Turbine Section, Bearings and Seals, 
Lubrication Systems)  X/X —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Turbine engines:  
70B Engine Performance  —  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 229
 
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
71 Power Plant  X / —  X  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
72 Engine Turbine/Turbo Prop/Ducted 
Fan/ Unducted fan  X/—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
73 Engine Fuel and Control  X/X  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
73A FADEC Systems  X/X  X  —  X  X  X  X  —  X  X  X  
74 Ignition  X/X  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  
75 Air  X / —  —  —  X  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
76 Engine Controls  X / —  X  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
77 Engine Indicating  X/X  X  —  —  X  X  X  —  —  X  X  
78 Exhaust  X / —  X  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  
79 Oil  X / —  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
80 Starting  X / —  X  —  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
82 Water Injection  X / —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
83 Accessory Gearboxes  X / —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
84 Propulsion Augmentation  X / —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Auxiliary Power Units (APUs):  
49 Auxiliary Power Units (APUs)  X / —  X  X  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 230
 
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
Piston Engines:  
70 Standard Practices — Engines — 
only type particular  — —  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
70A Constructional arrangement and 
operation (Installation Inlet, 
Compressors, Combustion Section, 
Turbine Section, Bearings and Seals, 
Lubrication Systems)  X/X —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
70B Engine Performance  —  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
71 Power Plant  X / —  X  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  
73 Engine Fuel and Control  X/X  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
73A FADEC Systems  X/X  X  —  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
74 Ignition  X/X  X  —  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  
76 Engine Controls  X / —  X  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
77 Engine Indicating  X/X  X  —  —  X  X  X  —  —  X  X  
78 Exhaust  X / —  X  —  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
79 Oil  X / —  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 231
 
Chapters  B1/B2  B 1  B 2  
LOC  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  FOT  SGH  R/I  MEL  T S  
80 Starting  X / —  X  —  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
81 Turbines  X / —  X  X  X  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  
82 Water Injection  X / —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
83 Accessory Gearboxes  X / —  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
84 Propulsion Augmentation  X / —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Propellers:  
60A Standard Practices — Propeller  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
61 Propellers/Propulsion  X/X  X  X  —  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
61A Propeller Construction  X/X  —  X  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
61B Propeller Pitch Control  X / —  X  —  X  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
61C Propeller Synchronising  X / —  X  —  —  —  X  —  —  —  X  —  
61D Propeller Electronic control  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
61E Propeller Ice Protection  X / —  X  —  X  X  X  —  —  —  —  —  
61F Propeller Maintenance  X/X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 232
 
4. Type training examination and assessment standard  
4.1. Theoretical element examination standard  
After the theoretical portion of the aircraft type training has  been 
completed, a written examination shall be performed, which shal l 
comply with the following:  
(a) Format of the examination is of the multi-choice type. Each  
multi-choice question shall have 3 alternative answers of which  
only one shall be the correct answer. The total time is based o n the 
total number of questions and the time for answering is based u pon a 
nominal average of 90 seconds per question.  
(b) The incorrect alternatives shall seem equally plausible to anyone 
ignorant of the subject. All the alternatives shall be clearly related 
to the question and of similar vocabulary, grammatical construc tion 
and length.  
(c) In numerical questions, the incorrect answers shall corresp ond to 
procedural errors such as the use of incorrect sense (+ versus -) or 
incorrect measurement units. They shall not be mere random numb ers. 
(d) The level of examination for each chapter (  1 ) shall be the one defined 
in point 2 ‘Aircraft type training levels’. However, the use of  a  
limited number of questions at a lower level is acceptable.  
(e) The examination shall be of the closed book type. No refere nce 
material is permitted. An exception will be made for the case o f 
examining a B1 or B2 candidate's ability to interpret technical  
documents.  
(f) The number of questions shall be at least 1 question per ho ur of 
instruction. The number of questions for each chapter and level  
shall be proportionate to:  
— the effective training hours spent teaching at that chapter a nd 
level,  
— the learning objectives as given by the training needs analys is. 
The competent authority of the Member State will assess the num ber 
and the level of the questions when approving the course.  
(g) The minimum examination pass mark is 75 %. When the type 
training examination is split in several examinations, each exa mina­
tion shall be passed with at least a 75 % mark. In order to be possible 
to achieve exactly a 75 % pass mark, the number of questions in  the 
examination shall be a multiple of 4.  
(h) Penalty marking (negative points for failed questions) is n ot to be 
used.  
(i) End of module phase examinations cannot be used as part of the final 
examination unless they contain the correct number and level of  
questions required.  
4.2. Practical element assessment standard  
After the practical element of the aircraft type training has b een completed, 
an assessment must be performed, which must comply with the fol lowing:  
(a) The assessment shall be performed by designated assessors a ppro­
priately qualified.  
(b) The assessment shall evaluate the knowledge and skills of t he trainee.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 233  
( 1 ) For the purpose of this point 4, a ‘chapter’ means each one o f the rows preceded by a 
number in the table contained in point 3.1(e).
 5. Type examination standard  
Type examination shall be conducted by training organisations a ppro­
priately approved under Part-147 or by the competent authority.  
The examination shall be oral, written or practical assessment based, or a 
combination thereof and it shall comply with the following requ irements:  
(a) Oral examination questions shall be open.  
(b) Written examination questions shall be essay type or multi- choice 
questions.  
(c) Practical assessment shall determine a person's competence to perform 
a task.  
(d) Examinations shall be on a sample of chapters (  1 ) drawn from point 3 
type training/examination syllabus, at the indicated level.  
(e) The incorrect alternatives shall seem equally plausible to anyone 
ignorant of the subject. All of the alternatives shall be clear ly 
related to the question and of similar vocabulary, grammatical 
construction and length.  
(f) In numerical questions, the incorrect answers shall corresp ond to 
procedural errors such as corrections applied in the wrong sens e or 
incorrect unit conversions: they shall not be mere random numbe rs. 
(g) The examination shall ensure that the following objectives are met:  
1. Properly discuss with confidence the aircraft and its system s. 
2. Ensure safe performance of maintenance, inspections and rout ine 
work according to the maintenance manual and other relevant 
instructions and tasks as appropriate for the type of aircraft,  for 
example troubleshooting, repairs, adjustments, replacements, 
rigging and functional checks such as engine run, etc., if requ ired. 
3. Correctly use all technical literature and documentation for  the 
aircraft.  
4. Correctly use specialist/special tooling and test equipment,  perform 
removal and replacement of components and modules unique to 
type, including any on-wing maintenance activity  
(h) The following conditions apply to the examination:  
1. The maximum number of consecutive attempts is three. Further  
sets of three attempts are allowed with a 1 year waiting period  
between sets. A waiting period of 30 days is required after the  first 
failed attempt within one set, and a waiting period of 60 days is 
required after the second failed attempt.  
The applicant shall confirm in writing to the maintenance train ing 
organisation or the competent authority to which they apply for  an 
examination, the number and dates of attempts during the last y ear 
and the maintenance training organisation or the competent 
authority where these attempts took place. The maintenance 
training organisation or the competent authority is responsible  
for checking the number of attempts within the applicable 
timeframes.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 234  
( 1 ) For the purpose of this point 5, a ‘chapter’ means each one o f the rows preceded by a 
number in the tables contained in points 3.1(e) and 3.2(b).
 2. The type examination shall be passed and the required practi cal 
experience shall be completed within the 3 years preceding the 
application for the rating endorsement on the aircraft maintena nce 
licence.  
3. Type examination shall be performed with at least one examin er 
present. The examiner(s) shall not have been involved in the 
applicant's training.  
(i) A written and signed report shall be made by the examiner(s ) to 
explain why the candidate has passed or failed.  
6. On the Job Training  
On the Job Training (OJT) shall be approved by the competent au thority 
who has issued the licence.  
It shall be conducted at and under the control of a maintenance  organis­
ation appropriately approved for the maintenance of the particu lar aircraft 
type and shall be assessed by designated assessors appropriatel y qualified.  
It shall have been started and completed within the 3 years pre ceding the 
application for a type rating endorsement.  
(a) Objective:  
The objective of OJT is to gain the required competence and 
experience in performing safe maintenance.  
(b) Content:  
OJT shall cover a cross section of tasks acceptable to the comp etent 
authority. The OJT tasks to be completed shall be representativ e of the 
aircraft and systems both in complexity and in the technical in put 
required to complete that task. While relatively simple tasks m ay be 
included, other more complex maintenance tasks shall also be in cor­
porated and undertaken as appropriate to the aircraft type.  
Each task shall be signed off by the student and countersigned by a 
designated supervisor. The tasks listed shall refer to an actua l job 
card/work sheet, etc.  
The final assessment of the completed OJT is mandatory and shal l be 
performed by a designated assessor appropriately qualified.  
The following data shall be addressed on the OJT worksheets/log book:  
1. Name of Trainee;  
2. Date of Birth;  
3. Approved Maintenance Organisation;  
4. Location;  
5. Name of supervisor(s) and assessor, (including licence numbe r if 
applicable);  
6. Date of task completion;  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 235
 
7. Description of task and job card/work order/tech log, etc.;  
8. Aircraft type and aircraft registration;  
9. Aircraft rating applied for.  
In order to facilitate the verification by the competent author ity, demon­
stration of the OJT shall consist of (i) detailed worksheets/lo gbook and (ii) 
a compliance report demonstrating how the OJT meets the require ment of 
this Part.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 236
 
Appendix IV  
Experience requirements for extending a Part-66 aircraft maintenance 
licence  
The table below shows the experience requirements for adding a new category or 
subcategory to an existing Part-66 licence.  
The experience shall be practical maintenance experience in ope rating aircraft in 
the subcategory relevant to the application.  
The experience requirement will be reduced by 50 % if the appli cant has 
completed an approved Part-147 course relevant to the subcatego ry. 
To 
From  A1 A 2  A 3  A 4  B1.1  B1.2  B1.3  B1.4  B 2  B2L  B 3  
A1 —  6 months  6 months  6 months  2 years  6 months  2 years  1 year  2 years  1 year  6 months  
A2 6 months  —  6 months  6 months  2 years  6 months  2 years  1 year  2 years  1 year  6 months  
A3 6 months  6 months  —  6 months  2 years  1 year  2 years  6 months  2 years  1 year  1 year  
A4 6 months  6 months  6 months  —  2 years  1 year  2 years  6 months  2 years  1 year  1 year  
B1.1  None  6 months  6 months  6 months  —  6 months  6 months  6 months  1 year  1 year  6 months  
B1.2  6 months  None  6 months  6 months  2 years  —  2 years  6 months  2 years  1 year  None  
B1.3  6 months  6 months  None  6 months  6 months  6 months  —  6 months  1 year  1 year  6 months  
B1.4  6 months  6 months  6 months  None  2 years  6 months  2 years  —  2 years  1 year  6 months  
B2 6 months  6 months  6 months  6 months  1 year  1 year  1 year  1 year  —  —  1 year  
B2L 6 months  6 months  6 months  6 months  1 year  1 year  1 year  1 year  1 year  —  1 year  
B3 6 months  None  6 months  6 months  2 years  6 months  2 years  1 year  2 years  1 year  —  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 237
 
Appendix V  
Application Form — EASA Form 19  
1. This Appendix contains an example of the form used for apply ing for the 
aircraft maintenance licence referred to in Annex III (Part-66) . 
▼M11  
2. The competent authority of the Member State may modify the E ASA Form 19 
only to include additional information necessary to support the  case where the 
national requirements permit or require the aircraft maintenanc e licence issued 
in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) to be used outside the r equirements of 
this Regulation.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 238
 
▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 239
 
▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 240
 
Appendix VI  
Aircraft Maintenance Licence referred to in Annex III (Part-66) – EASA 
Form 26  
1. An example of the aircraft maintenance licence referred to i n Annex III 
(Part-66) can be found on the following pages.  
2. The document shall be printed in the standardised form shown  but may be 
reduced in size to allow it being generated by computer. When t he size is 
reduced, care shall be taken to ensure that sufficient space is  available in 
those places where official seals or stamps are required. Compu ter-generated 
documents need not have all the boxes incorporated when any suc h box 
remains blank, so long as the document can clearly be recognise d as an 
aircraft maintenance licence issued in accordance with Annex II I (Part-66).  
3. The document may be filled in either in English or the offic ial language of 
the Member State of the competent authority. In the latter case , a second 
copy in English shall be attached to the document for any licen ce holder who 
needs to use the licence outside that Member State to ensure un derstanding 
for the purpose of mutual recognition.  
4. Each licence holder shall have a unique licence holder numbe r, established 
on the basis of a national identifier and an alpha-numeric desi gnator.  
5. The document may have the pages in a different order to the one of this 
example and needs not have some or any divider lines as long as  the 
information contained is positioned in such a manner that each page 
lay-out can clearly be identified with the format of the exampl e of the 
aircraft maintenance licence contained herein.  
6. The document shall be prepared by the competent authority. H owever, it 
may also be prepared by any maintenance organisation approved i n 
accordance with Annex II (Part-145), where the competent author ity agrees 
to this and the preparation takes place in accordance with a pr ocedure laid 
down in the maintenance organisation exposition referred to in 
point 145.A.70 of Annex II (Part-145). In all cases, the compet ent 
authority shall issue the document.  
7. The preparation of any change to an existing aircraft mainte nance licence 
shall be carried out by the competent authority. However, it ma y also be 
prepared by any maintenance organisation approved in accordance  with 
Annex II (Part- 145), where the competent authority agrees to t his and the 
preparation takes place in accordance with a procedure laid dow n in the 
maintenance organisation exposition referred to in point 145.A. 70 of 
Annex II (Part-145). In all cases, the competent authority shal l change the 
document.  
8. The holder of the aircraft maintenance licence shall keep it  in good condition 
and shall ensure that no unauthorised entries are made. Failure  to comply 
with this rule may invalidate the license or lead to the holder  not being 
permitted to hold any certification privilege. It may also resu lt in prosecution 
under national law.  
9. The aircraft maintenance licence issued in accordance with A nnex III (Part- 
66) shall be recognised in all Member States and it is not requ ired to 
exchange the document when working in another Member State.  
10. The Annex to EASA Form 26 is optional and may only be used to include 
national privileges, where such privileges are covered by natio nal law 
outside the scope of Annex III (Part-66).  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 241
 
11. With regard to the aircraft type rating page of the aircraf t maintenance 
licence, the competent authority may decide not to issue this p age until 
the first aircraft type rating needs to be endorsed and may nee d to issue 
more than one aircraft type rating page depending on the number  of type 
ratings to be listed.  
12. Notwithstanding point 11, each page issued shall be in the format of this 
example and contain the specified information for that page.  
13. The aircraft maintenance licence shall clearly indicate tha t the limitations are 
exclusions from the certification privileges. If there are no l imitations 
applicable, the LIMITATIONS page shall state ‘No limitations’.  
14. Where a pre-printer format is used for issuing the aircraft  maintenance 
licence, any category, subcategory or type rating box which doe s not 
contain a rating entry shall be marked to show that the rating is not held.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 242
 
▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 243
 
▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 244
 
Appendix VII  
Basic knowledge requirements for category L aircraft maintenance licence  
The definitions of the different levels of knowledge required i n this Appendix are 
the same as those contained in point 1 of Appendix I to Annex I II (Part-66).  
Subcategories  Modules required for each subcategory (refer 
to the syllabus table below)  
L1C: composite sailplanes  1L, 2L, 3L, 5L, 7L and 12L  
L1: sailplanes  1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L and 12L  
L2C: composite powered sailplanes 
and composite ELA1 aeroplanes  1L, 2L, 3L, 5L, 7L, 8L and 12L  
L2: powered sailplanes and ELA1 
aeroplanes  1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L and 
12L 
L3H: hot-air balloons  1L, 2L, 3L, 9L and 12L  
L3G: gas balloons  1L, 2L, 3L, 10L and 12L  
L4H: hot-air airships  1L, 2L, 3L, 8L, 9L, 11L and 12L  
L4G: ELA2 gas airships  1L, 2L, 3L, 8L, 10L, 11L and 12L  
L5: gas airships above ELA2  Basic knowledge requirements for any 
B1 subcategory 
plus 
8L (for B1.1 and B1.3), 10L, 11L and 
12L 
TABLE OF CONTENTS:  
Module Designation  
1L ‘Basic knowledge’  
2L ‘Human factors’  
3L ‘Aviation legislation’  
4L ‘Airframe wooden/metal tube and fabric’  
5L ‘Airframe composite’  
6L ‘Airframe metal’  
7L ‘Airframe general’  
8L ‘Power plant’  
9L ‘Balloon/Airship hot air’  
10L ‘Balloon/Airship gas (free/tethered)’  
11L ‘Airships hot air/gas’  
12L ‘Radio Com/ELT/Transponder/Instruments’  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 245
 
MODULE 1L — BASIC KNOWLEDGE  
Level  
1L.1 Mathematics 
Arithmetic 
— Arithmetical terms and signs; 
— Methods of multiplication and division; 
— Fractions and decimals; 
— Factors and multiples; 
— Weights, measures and conversion factors; 
— Ratio and proportion; 
— Averages and percentages; 
— Areas and volumes, squares, cubes. 
Algebra 
— Evaluating simple algebraic expressions: addition, subtractio n, multiplication and division; 
— Use of brackets; 
— Simple algebraic fractions. 
Geometry 
— Simple geometrical constructions; 
— Graphical representation: nature and uses of graphs.  1 
1L.2 Physics 
Matter 
— Nature of matter: the chemical elements; 
— Chemical compounds; 
— States: solid, liquid and gaseous; 
— Changes between states. 
Mechanics 
— Forces, moments and couples, representation as vectors; 
— Centre of gravity; 
— Tension, compression, shear and torsion; 
— Nature and properties of solids, fluids and gases. 
Temperature 
— Thermometers and temperature scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin; 
— Heat definition.  1 
1L.3 Electrics 
DC Circuits 
— Ohm's law, Kirchoff's voltage and current laws; 
— Significance of the internal resistance of a supply; 
— Resistance/resistor; 
— Resistor colour code, values and tolerances, preferred values , wattage ratings; 
— Resistors in series and parallel.  1 
1L.4 Aerodynamics/aerostatics 
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), application to aerodyn amics and aerostatics.  1 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 246
 
Level  
Aerodynamics 
— Airflow around a body; 
— Boundary layer, laminar and turbulent flow; 
— Thrust, weight, aerodynamic resultant; 
— Generation of lift and drag: angle of attack, polar curve, st all. 
AerostaticsEffect on envelopes, wind effect, altitude and tempe rature effects.  
1L.5 Workplace safety and environmental protection 
— Safe working practices and precautions when working with elec tricity, gases (especially oxygen), 
oils and chemicals; 
— Labelling, storage and disposal of hazardous (to safety and e nvironment) materials; 
— Remedial action in the event of a fire or another accident wi th one or more hazards, including 
knowledge of extinguishing agents.  2 
MODULE 2L — HUMAN FACTORS  
Level  
2L.1 General 
— The need to take human factors into account; 
— Incidents attributable to human factors/human error; 
— Murphy's Law.  1 
2L.2. Human performance and limitations 
Vision, hearing, information processing, attention and percepti on, memory.  1 
2L.3 Social psychology 
Responsibility, motivation, peer pressure, teamwork.  1 
2L.4 Factors affecting performance 
Fitness/health, stress, sleep, fatigue, alcohol, medication, dr ug abuse.  1 
2L.5 Physical environment 
Working environment (climate, noise, illumination).  1 
MODULE 3L — AVIATION LEGISLATION  
Level  
3L.1 Regulatory framework 
— Role of the European Commission, EASA and National Aviation A uthorities (NAAs); 
— Applicable parts of Part-M and Part-66.  1 
3L.2 Repairs and modifications 
— Approval of changes (repairs and modifications); 
— Standard changes and standard repairs.  2 
3L.3 Maintenance data 
— Airworthiness Directives (ADs), Instructions for Continuing A irworthiness (ICA) (AMM, IPC, 
etc.); 
— Flight Manual; 
— Maintenance records.  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 247
 
MODULE 4L — AIRFRAME WOODEN/METAL TUBE AND FABRIC  
Level  
4L.1 Airframe wooden/combination of metal tube and fabric 
— Timber, plywood, adhesives, preservation, power line, propert ies, machining; 
— Covering (covering materials, adhesives and finishes, natural  and synthetic covering materials 
and adhesives); 
— Paint, assembly and repair processes; 
— Recognition of damages from overstressing of wooden/metal-tub e and fabric structures; 
— Deterioration of wood components and coverings; 
— Crack test (optical procedure, e.g., magnifying glass) of met al components. Corrosion and 
preventive methods. Health and fire safety protections.  2 
4L.2 Material 
— Types of wood, stability, and machining properties; 
— Steel and light alloy tubes and fittings, fracture inspection s of welded seams; 
— Plastics (overview, understanding of the properties); 
— Paints and paint removal; 
— Glues, adhesives; 
— Covering materials and technologies (natural and synthetic po lymers).  2 
4L.3 Identifying damage 
— Overstress of wood / metal-tubing and fabric structures; 
— Load transfers; 
— Fatigue strength and crack testing.  3 
4L.4 Performance of practical activities 
— Locking of pins, screws, castellated nuts, turnbuckles; 
— Thimble splice; 
— Nicopress and Talurit repairs; 
— Repair of coverings; 
— Repair of transparencies; 
— Repair exercises (plywood, stringer, handrails, skins); 
— Aircraft Rigging. Calculation of control surface mass balance  and range of movement of the 
control surfaces, measurement of operating forces; 
— Performance of 100-hours/annual inspections on a wood or comb ination of metal-tube and fabric 
airframe.  2 
MODULE 5L — AIRFRAME COMPOSITE  
Level  
5L.1 Airframe fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) 
— Basic principles of FRP construction; 
— Resins (Epoxy, polyester, phenolic resins, vinyl ester resins ); 
— Reinforcement materials glass, aramide and carbon fibres, fea tures; 
— Fillers; 
— Supporting cores (balsa, honeycombs, foamed plastics); 
— Constructions, load transfers (solid FRP shell, sandwiches);  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 248
 
Level  
— Identification of damage during overstressing of components; 
— Procedure for FRP projects (according to Maintenance Organisa tion Manual) including storage 
conditions for material.  
5L.2 Material 
— Thermosetting plastics, thermoplastic polymers, catalysts; 
— Understanding properties, machining technologies, detaching, bonding, welding; 
— Resins for FRP: epoxy resins, polyester resins, vinyl ester r esins, phenolic resins; 
— Reinforcement materials; 
— From elementary fibre to filaments (release agent, finish), w eaving patterns; 
— Properties of individual reinforcement materials (E-glass fib re, aramide fibre, carbon fibre); 
— Problem with multiple-material systems, matrix; 
— Adhesion/cohesion, various behaviours of fibre materials; 
— Filling materials and pigments; 
— Technical requirements for filling materials; 
— Property change of the resin composition through the use of E -glass, micro balloon, aerosols, 
cotton, minerals, metal powder, organic substances; 
— Paint assembly and repair technologies; 
— Support materials; 
— Honeycombs (paper, FRP, metal), balsa wood, Divinycell (Conti zell), development trends.  2 
5L.3 Assembly of Fibre-Reinforced Composite-Structure Airframes  
— Solid shell; 
— Sandwiches; 
— Assembly of aerofoils, fuselages, control surfaces.  2 
5L.4 Identifying Damage 
— Behaviour of FRP components in the event of overstressing; 
— Identifying delaminations, loose bonds; 
— Bending vibration frequency in aerofoils; 
— Load transfer; 
— Frictional connection and positive locking; 
— Fatigue strength and corrosion of metal parts; 
— Metal bonding, surface finishing of steel and aluminium compo nents during bonding with FRP.  3 
5L.5 Mold making 
— Plaster molds, mold ceramics; 
— GFK molds, Gel-coat, reinforcement materials, rigidity proble ms; 
— Metal molds; 
— Male and female molds.  2 
5L.6 Performance of practical activities 
— Locking of pin, screws, castellated nuts, turnbuckles; 
— Thimble splice; 
— Nicopress and Talurit repairs; 
— Repair of coverings; 
— Repair of solid FRP shells;  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 249
 
Level  
— Mold fabrication/molding of a component (e.g. fuselage nose, landing gear fairing, wing tip and 
winglet); 
— Repair of sandwich shell where interior and exterior layer ar e damaged; 
— Repair of sandwich shell by pressing with a vacuum bag; 
— Transparency repair (PMMA) with one- and two-component adhesi ve; 
— Bonding of transparency with the canopy frame; 
— Tempering of transparencies and other components; 
— Performance of a repair on a sandwich shell (minor repair les s than 20 cm); 
— Aircraft Rigging. Calculation of control surface mass balance  and range of movement of the 
control surfaces, measurement of operating forces; 
— Performance of 100-hour/annual inspections on an FRP airframe . 
MODULE 6L — AIRFRAME METAL  
Level  
6L.1 Airframe metal 
— Metallic materials and semi-finished products, machining meth ods; 
— Fatigue strength and crack test; 
— Assembly of metal-construction components, riveted joints, ad hesive joints; 
— Identification of damage to overstressed components, effects of corrosion; 
— Health and fire protection.  2 
6L.2 Material 
— Steel and its alloys; 
— Light metals and their light alloys; 
— Rivet materials; 
— Plastics; 
— Colours and paints; 
— Metal adhesives; 
— Types of corrosion; 
— Covering materials and technologies (natural and synthetic).  2 
6L.3 Identifying damage 
— Overstressed metal airframes, levelling, measurement of symme try; 
— Load transfers; 
— Fatigue strength and crack test; 
— Identifying loose riveted joints.  3 
6L.4 Assembly of metal- and composite-construction airframes 
— Skins; 
— Frames; 
— Stringers and longerons; 
— Frame construction; 
— Problems in multiple-material systems.  2 
6L.5 Fasteners 
— Classifications of fits and clearances; 
— Metric and imperial measuring systems; 
— Oversize bolt.  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 250
 
Level  
6L.6 Performance of practical activities 
— Locking of pins, screws, castellated nuts, turnbuckles; 
— Thimble splice; 
— Nicopress and Talurit repairs; 
— Repair of coverings, surface damage, stop drilling techniques ; 
— Repair of transparencies; 
— Cutting out sheet metals (aluminiums and light alloys, steel and alloys); 
— Folding bending, edging, beating, smoothening, beading; 
— Repair riveting of metal airframes according to repair instru ction or drawings; 
— Evaluation of rivet errors; 
— Aircraft Rigging. Calculation of control surface mass balance  and range of movement of the 
control surfaces, measurement of operating forces; 
— Performance of 100-hour/annual inspections on a metal airfram e. 2 
MODULE 7L — AIRFRAME GENERAL  
Level  
7L.1 Flight control system 
— Cockpit controls: controls in cockpit, colour markings, knob shapes; 
— Flight controls surfaces, flaps, air brakes surfaces, control s, hinges, bearings, brackets, push-pull 
rods, bell cranks, horns, pulleys, cables, chains, tubes, rolle rs, tracks, jack screws, surfaces, 
movements, lubrication, stabilisers, balancing of controls; 
— Combination of controls: flap ailerons, flap air brakes; 
— Trim systems.  3 
7L.2 Airframe 
— Landing gear: characteristics of landing gears and shock abso rber strut, extension, brakes, drum, 
disks, wheel, tyre, retraction mechanism, electrical retraction , emergency; 
— Wing to fuselage mounting points, empennage (fin and tail pla ne) to fuselage mounting points, 
control surface mounting points; 
— Permissible maintenance measures; 
— Towing: towing/lifting equipment/mechanism; 
— Cabin: seats and safety harness, cabin arrangement, windshiel ds, windows, placards, baggage 
compartment, cockpit controls, cabin air system, blower; 
— Water ballast: water reservoirs, lines, valves, drains, vents , tests; 
— Fuel system: tanks, lines, filters, vents, drains, filling, s elector valve, pumps, indication, tests, 
bonding; 
— Hydraulics: system layout, accumulators, pressure and power d istribution, indication; 
— Liquid and gas: hydraulic, other fluids, levels, reservoir, l ines, valves, filter; 
— Protections: firewalls, fire protection, lightning strike bon ding, turnbuckles, locking devices, 
dischargers.  2 
7L.3 Fasteners 
— Reliability of pins, rivets, screws; 
— Control cables, turnbuckles; 
— Quick-release couplings (L'Hotellier, SZD, Poland).  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 251
 
Level  
7L.4 Locking equipment 
— Admissibility of locking methods, locking pins, spring steel pins, locking wire, stop nuts, paint; 
— Quick-release couplings.  2 
7L.5 Weight and balance levelling  2  
7L.6 Rescue systems  2 
7L.7 On-board modules 
— Pitot-static system, vacuum/dynamic system, hydrostatic test;  
— Flight instruments: airspeed indicator, altimeter, vertical-s peed indicator, connection and func­
tioning, markings; 
— Arrangement and display, panel, electrical wires; 
— Gyroscopes, filters, indicating instruments; testing of funct ion; 
— Magnetic compass: installation and compass swing; 
— Sailplanes: acoustic vertical-speed indicator, flight recorde rs, anticollision aid; 
— Oxygen system.  2 
7L.8 On-board modules installation and connections 
— Flight instruments, mounting requirements (emergency landing conditions as per CS-22); 
— Electric wiring, power sources, types of storage batteries, e lectrical parameters, electric generator, 
circuit breaker, energy balance, earth/ground, connectors, term inals, warnings, fuses, lamps, 
lightings, switches, voltmeters, ampere meters, electrical gaug es. 2 
7L.9 Piston engine propulsion 
Interface between power plant and airframe.  2 
7L.10 Propeller 
— Inspection; 
— Replacement; 
— Balancing.  2 
7L.11 Retraction system 
— Propeller position control; 
— Engine and/or propeller retraction system.  2 
7L.12 Physical inspection procedures 
— Cleaning, use of lighting and mirrors; 
— Measuring tools; 
— Measure of controls deflection; 
— Torque of screws and bolts; 
— Wear of bearings; 
— Inspection equipment; 
— Calibration of measuring tools.  2 
MODULE 8L — POWER PLANT  
Level  
8L.1 Noise limits 
— Explanation of the concept of ‘noise level’; 
— Noise certificate; 
— Enhanced sound proofing; 
— Possible reduction of sound emissions.  1 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 252
 
Level  
8L.2 Piston engines 
— Four-stroke spark ignition engine, air-cooled engine, fluid-c ooled engine; 
— Two-stroke engine; 
— Rotary-piston engine; 
— Efficiency and influencing factors (pressure–volume diagram, power curve); 
— Noise control devices.  2 
8L.3 Propeller 
— Blade, spinner, backplate, accumulator pressure, hub; 
— Operation of propellers; 
— Variable-pitch propellers, ground and in-flight adjustable pr opellers, mechanically, electrically 
and hydraulically; 
— Balancing (static, dynamic); 
— Noise problems.  2 
8L.4 Engine control devices 
— Mechanical control devices; 
— Electrical control devices; 
— Tank displays; 
— Functions, characteristics, typical errors and error indicati ons. 2 
8L.5 Hosepipes 
— Material and machining of fuel and oil hoses; 
— Control of life limit.  2 
8L.6 Accessories 
— Operation of magneto ignition; 
— Control of maintenance limits; 
— Operation of carburettors; 
— Maintenance instructions on characteristic features; 
— Electric fuel pumps; 
— Operation of propeller controls; 
— Electrically operated propeller control; 
— Hydraulically operated propeller control.  2 
8L.7 Ignition system 
— Constructions: coil ignition, magneto ignition, and thyristor  ignition; 
— Efficiency of the ignition and preheat system; 
— Modules of the ignition and preheat system; 
— Inspection and testing of a spark plug.  2 
8L.8 Induction and exhaust systems 
— Operation and assembly; 
— Silencers and heater installations; 
— Nacelles and cowlings; 
— Inspection and test; 
— CO emission test.  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 253
 
Level  
8L.9 Fuels and lubricants 
— Fuel characteristics; 
— Labelling, environmentally friendly storage; 
— Mineral and synthetic lubricating oils and their parameters: labelling and characteristics, appli­
cation; 
— Environmentally friendly storage and proper disposal of used oil. 2 
8L.10 Documentation 
— Manufacturer documents for the engine and propeller; 
— Instructions for Continuing Airworthiness (ICA); 
— Aircraft Flight Manuals (AFMs) and Aircraft Maintenance Manua ls (AMMs); 
— Time Between Overhaul (TBO); 
— Airworthiness Directives (ADs), technical notes and service b ulletins.  2 
8L.11 Illustrative material 
— Cylinder unit with valve; 
— Carburettor; 
— High-tension magneto; 
— Differential-compression tester for cylinders; 
— Overheated/damaged pistons; 
— Spark plugs of engines that were operated differently.  2 
8L.12 Practical experience 
— Work safety/accident prevention (handling of fuels and lubric ants, start-up of engines); 
— Rigging-engine control rods and Bowden cables; 
— Setting of no-load speed; 
— Checking and setting the ignition point; 
— Operational test of magnetos; 
— Checking the ignition system; 
— Testing and cleaning of spark plugs; 
— Performance of the engine tasks contained in an aeroplane 100 -hour/annual inspection; 
— Cylinder compression test; 
— Static test and evaluation of the engine run; 
— Documentation of maintenance work including replacement of co mponents.  2 
8L.13 Gas exchange in internal-combustion engines 
— Four-stroke reciprocating engine and control units; 
— Energy losses; 
— Ignition timing; 
— Direct flow behaviour of control units; 
— Wankel engine and control units; 
— Two-stroke engine and control units; 
— Scavenging; 
— Scavenging blower; 
— Idle range and power range.  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 254
 
Level  
8L.14 Ignition, combustion and carburation 
— Ignition; 
— Spark plugs; 
— Ignition system; 
— Combustion process; 
— Normal combustion; 
— Efficiency and medium pressure; 
— Engine knock and octane rating; 
— Combustion chamber shapes; 
— Fuel/air mix in the carburettor; 
— Carburettor principle, carburettor equation; 
— Simple carburettor; 
— Problems of the simple carburettor and their solutions; 
— Carburettor models; 
— Fuel/air mix during injection; 
— Mechanically controlled injection; 
— Electronically controlled injection; 
— Continuous injection; 
— Carburettor-injection comparison.  2 
8L.15 Flight instruments in aircraft with injection engines 
— Special flight instruments (injection engine); 
— Interpretation of indications in a static test; 
— Interpretation of indications in flight at various flight lev els. 2 
8L.16 Maintenance of aircraft with injection engines 
— Documentation, manufacturer documents, etc.; 
— General maintenance instructions (hourly inspections); 
— Functional tests; 
— Ground test run; 
— Test flight; 
— Troubleshooting in the event of faults in the injection syste m and their correction.  2 
8L.17 Workplace safety and safety provisions 
Work safety and safety provisions for work on injection systems . 2 
8L.18 Visual aids: 
— Carburettor; 
— Components of injection system; 
— Aircraft with injection engine; 
— Tool for work on injection systems.  2 
8L.19 Electrical propulsion 
— Energy system, accumulators, installation; 
— Electrical motor; 
— Heat, noise and vibration checks; 
— Testing windings; 
— Electrical wiring and control systems;  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 255
 
Level  
— Pylon, extension and retraction systems; 
— Motor/propeller brake systems; 
— Motor ventilation systems; 
— Practical experience of 100-hour/annual inspections.  
8L.20 Jet propulsion 
— Engine installation; 
— Pylon, extension and retraction systems; 
— Fire protection; 
— Fuel systems including lubrication; 
— Engine starting systems, gas assist; 
— Engine damage assessment; 
— Engine servicing; 
— Engine removal / refit and test; 
— Practical experience of conditional / run time / annual inspe ctions; 
— Conditional inspections.  2 
8L.21 Full authority digital engine control (FADEC)  2  
MODULE 9L — BALLOON/AIRSHIP HOT AIR  
Level  
9L.1 Basic principles and assembly of hot-air balloons/airships  
— Assembly and individual parts; 
— Envelopes; 
— Envelope Materials; 
— Envelope Systems; 
— Conventional and special shapes; 
— Fuel System; 
— Burner, burner frame and burner support rods; 
— Compressed-gas cylinders and compressed-gas hoses; 
— Basket and alternative devices (seats); 
— Rigging accessories; 
— Maintenance and servicing tasks; 
— Annual/100-hour inspection; 
— Log Books; 
— Aircraft Flight Manuals (AFMs) and Aircraft Maintenance Manua ls (AMMs); 
— Rigging and launch preparation (launch restraint); 
— Launch.  3 
9L.2 Practical training 
Operating controls, maintenance and servicing jobs (according t o flight manual).  3 
9L.3 Envelope 
— Fabrics; 
— Seams; 
— Load tapes, rip stoppers; 
— Crown rings;  3 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 256
 
Level  
— Parachute valve and fast-deflation systems; 
— Ripping panel; 
— Turning vent; 
— Diaphragms/catenaries (special shapes and airships); 
— Rollers, pulleys; 
— Control and shroud lines; 
— Knots; 
— Temperature indication label, temperature flag, envelope ther mometer; 
— Flying wires; 
— Fittings, karabiners.  
9L.4 Burner and fuel system 
— Burner coils; 
— Blast, liquid and pilot valves; 
— Burners/jets; 
— Pilot lights/vaporisers/jets; 
— Burner frame; 
— Fuel lines/hoses; 
— Fuel cylinders, valves and fittings.  3 
9L.5 Basket and basket suspension (incl. alternative devices) 
— Types of baskets (incl. alternative devices); 
— Basket materials: cane and willow, hide, wood, trim materials , suspension cables; 
— Seats, roller bearings; 
— Karabiner, shackle and pins; 
— Burner support rods; 
— Fuel cylinder straps; 
— Accessories.  3 
9L.6 Equipment 
— Fire extinguisher, fire blanket; 
— Instruments (single or combined).  3 
9L.7 Minor repairs 
— Stitching; 
— Bonding; 
— Basket hide/trim repairs.  3 
9L.8 Procedures for physical inspection 
— Cleaning, use of lighting and mirrors; 
— Measuring tools; 
— Measure of controls deflection (only airships); 
— Torque of screws and bolts; 
— Wear of bearings (only airships); 
— Inspection equipment; 
— Calibration of measuring tools; 
— Fabric Grab Test.  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 257
 
MODULES 10L — BALLOON/AIRSHIP GAS (FREE/TETHERED)  
Level  
10L.1 Basic principles and assembly of gas balloons/airships 
— Assembly of individual parts; 
— Envelope and netting material; 
— Envelope, ripping panel, emergency opening, cords and belts; 
— Rigid gas valve; 
— Flexible gas valve (parachute); 
— Netting; 
— Load ring; 
— Basket and accessories (including alternative devices); 
— Electrostatic discharge paths; 
— Mooring line and drag rope; 
— Maintenance and servicing; 
— Annual inspection; 
— Flight papers; 
— Aircraft Flight Manuals (AFMs) and Aircraft Maintenance Manua ls (AMMs); 
— Rigging and launch preparation; 
— Launch.  3 
10L.2 Practical training 
— Operating controls; 
— Maintenance and servicing jobs (according to AMM and AFM); 
— Safety rules when using hydrogen as lifting gas.  3 
10L.3 Envelope 
— Fabrics; 
— Poles and reinforcement of pole; 
— Ripping panel and cord; 
— Parachute and shroud lines; 
— Valves and cords; 
— Filler neck, Poeschel-ring and cords; 
— Electrostatic discharge paths.  3 
10L.4 Valve 
— Springs; 
— Gaskets; 
— Screwed joints; 
— Control lines; 
— Electrostatic discharge paths.  3 
10L.5 Netting or rigging (without net) 
— Kinds of net and other lines; 
— Mesh sizes and angles; 
— Net ring; 
— Knotting methods; 
— Electrostatic discharge paths.  3 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 258
 
Level  
10L.6 Load ring  3 
10L.7 Basket (incl. alternative devices) 
— Kinds of baskets (incl. alternative devices); 
— Strops and toggles; 
— Ballast system (bags and supports); 
— Electrostatic discharge paths.  3 
10L.8 Ripping cord and valve cords  3  
10L.9 Mooring line and drag rope  3  
10L.10 Minor repairs 
— Bonding; 
— Splicing hemp ropes.  3 
10L.11 Equipment 
Instruments (single or combined).  3 
10L.12 Tether cable (tethered gas balloons (TGB) only) 
— Kinds of cables; 
— Acceptable damage of cable; 
— Cable swivel; 
— Cable clamps.  3 
10L.13 Winch (tethered gas balloons only) 
— Kinds of winches; 
— Mechanical system; 
— Electrical system; 
— Emergency system; 
— Grounding/ballasting of winch.  3 
10L.14 Procedures for physical inspection 
— Cleaning, use of lighting and mirrors; 
— Measuring tools; 
— Measure of controls deflection (only airships); 
— Torque of screws and bolts; 
— Wear of bearings (only airships); 
— Inspection equipment; 
— Calibration of measuring tools; 
— Fabric grab test.  2 
MODULES 11L — AIRSHIPS HOT AIR/GAS  
Level  
11L.1 Basic principles and assembly of small airships 
— Envelope, ballonnets; 
— Valves, openings; 
— Gondola; 
— Propulsion; 
— Aircraft Flight Manuals (AFMs) and Aircraft Maintenance Manua ls (AMMs); 
— Rigging and launch preparation.  3 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 259
 
Level  
11L.2 Practical training 
— Operating controls; 
— Maintenance and servicing jobs (according to AMM and AFM).  3 
11L.3 Envelope 
— Fabrics; 
— Ripping panel and cords; 
— Valves; 
— Catenary system.  3 
11L.4 Gondola (incl. alternative devices) 
— Kinds of gondolas (incl. alternative devices); 
— Airframe types and materials; 
— Identification of damage.  3 
11L.5 Electrical system 
— Basics about on-board electrical circuits; 
— Electrical sources (accumulators, fixation, ventilation, corr osion); 
— Lead, nickel-cadmium (NiCd) or other accumulators, dry batter ies; 
— Generators; 
— Wiring, electrical connections; 
— Fuses; 
— External power source; 
— Energy balance.  3 
11L.6 Propulsion 
— Fuel system: tanks, lines, filters, vents, drains, filling, s elector valve, pumps, indication, tests, 
bonding; 
— Propulsion instruments; 
— Basics about measuring and instruments; 
— Revolution measuring; 
— Pressure measuring; 
— Temperature measuring; 
— Available fuel/power measuring.  3 
11L.7 Equipment 
— Fire extinguisher, fire blanket; 
— Instruments (single or combined).  3 
MODULE 12L — RADIO COM/ELT/TRANSPONDER/INSTRUMENTS  
Level  
12L.1 Radio Com/ELT 
— Channel spacing; 
— Basic functional test; 
— Batteries; 
— Testing and maintenance requirements.  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 260
 
Level  
12L.2 Transponder 
— Basic operation; 
— Typical portable configuration including antenna; 
— Explanation of Modes A, C, S; 
— Testing and maintenance requirements.  2 
12L.3 Instruments 
— Handheld altimeter/variometers; 
— Batteries; 
— Basic functional test.  2 ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 261
 
Appendix VIII  
Basic examination standard for category L aircraft maintenance licence  
(a) The standardisation basis for examinations related to the A ppendix VII basic 
knowledge requirements shall be as follows:  
(i) all examinations must be carried out using the multiple-cho ice question 
format as specified in point (ii). The incorrect alternatives m ust seem 
equally plausible to anyone ignorant of the subject. All of the  alter­
natives should be clearly related to the question and of simila r 
vocabulary, grammatical construction and length. In numerical 
questions, the incorrect answers should correspond to procedura l 
errors such as corrections applied in the wrong sense or incorr ect unit 
conversions: they must not be mere random numbers;  
(ii) each multiple-choice question must have three alternative answers of 
which only one must be the correct answer and the candidate mus t be 
allowed a time per module which is based upon a nominal average  of 
75 seconds per question;  
(iii) the pass mark for each module is 75 %;  
(iv) penalty marking (negative points for failed questions) is not to be used;  
(v) the level of knowledge required in the questions must be pr oportionate 
to the level of technology of the aircraft category.  
(b) The number of questions per module shall be as follows:  
(i) module 1L ‘Basic knowledge’: 12 questions. Time allowed: 
15 minutes;  
(ii) module 2L ‘Human factors’: 8 questions. Time allowed: 10 m inutes;  
(iii) module 3L ‘Aviation legislation’: 24 questions. Time allo wed: 
30 minutes;  
(iv) module 4L ‘Airframe wooden/metal tube and fabric’: 32 ques tions. Time 
allowed: 40 minutes;  
(v) module 5L ‘Airframe composite’: 32 questions. Time allowed:  
40 minutes;  
(vi) module 6L ‘Airframe metal’: 32 questions. Time allowed: 40  minutes;  
(vii) module 7L ‘Airframe general’: 64 questions. Time allowed:  
80 minutes;  
(viii) module 8L ‘Power plant’: 48 questions. Time allowed: 60 minutes;  
(ix) module 9L ‘Balloon/Airship hot air’: 36 questions. Time al lowed: 
45 minutes;  
(x) module 10L ‘Balloon/Airship gas (free/tethered)’: 40 questi ons. Time 
allowed: 50 minutes;  
(xi) module 11L ‘Airships hot air/gas’: 36 questions. Time allo wed: 
45 minutes;  
(xii) Module 12L ‘Radio Com/ELT/transponder/instruments’: 16 
questions. Time allowed 20 minutes.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 262
 
ANNEX IV  
(Part-147)  
CONTENTS  
147.1  
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A — GENERAL  
147.A.05 Scope  
147.A.10 General  
147.A.15 Application  
SUBPART B — ORGANISATIONAL REQUIREMENTS  
147.A.100 Facility requirements  
147.A.105 Personnel requirements  
147.A.110 Records of instructors, examiners and assessors  
147.A.115 Instructional equipment  
147.A.120 Maintenance training material  
147.A.125 Records  
147.A.130 Training procedures and quality system  
147.A.135 Examinations  
147.A.140 Maintenance training organisation exposition  
147.A.145 Privileges of the maintenance training organisation  
147.A.150 Changes to the maintenance training organisation  
147.A.155 Continued validity  
147.A.160 Findings  
SUBPART C — APPROVED BASIC TRAINING COURSE  
147.A.200 The approved basic training course  
147.A.205 Basic knowledge examinations  
147.A.210 Basic practical assessment  
SUBPART D — AIRCRAFT TYPE/TASK TRAINING  
147.A.300 Aircraft type/task training  
147.A.305 Aircraft type examinations and task assessments  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 263
 
SECTION B — PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A — GENERAL  
147.B.05 Scope  
147.B.10 Competent authority  
147.B.20 Record-keeping  
147.B.25 Exemptions  
SUBPART B — ISSUE OF AN APPROVAL  
147.B.110 Procedure for approval and changes to the approval  
147.B.120 Continued validity procedure  
147.B.125 Maintenance training organisation approval certificat e 
147.B.130 Findings  
SUBPART C — REVOCATION, SUSPENSION AND LIMITATION OF THE 
MAINTENANCE TRAINING ORGANISATION APPROVAL  
147.B.200 Revocation, suspension and limitation of the maintena nce 
training organisation approval  
Appendix I — Basic Training Course Duration  
Appendix II — Maintenance Training Organisation Approval — EASA  Form 11  
Appendix III — Certificates of Recognition referred to in Annex  IV (Part-147) 
— EASA Forms 148 and 149  
147.1  
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be:  
1. for the organisations having their principle place of busine ss located in the 
territory of a Member State, the authority designated by that M ember State;  
2. for the organisations having their principle place of busine ss located in a third 
country, the Agency.  
SECTION A  
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
147.A.05  Scope  
This section establishes the requirements to be met by organisa tions 
seeking approval to conduct training and examination as specifi ed in 
Annex III (Part-66).  
147.A.10  General  
A training organisation shall be an organisation or part of an organis­
ation registered as a legal entity.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 264
 
147.A.15  Application  
(a) An application for an approval or for the change of an exis ting 
approval shall be made on a form and in a manner established by  
the competent authority.  
(b) An application for an approval or change to an approval sha ll 
include the following information:  
1. the registered name and address of the applicant;  
2. the address of the organisation requiring the approval or 
change to the approval;  
3. the intended scope of approval or change to the scope of 
approval;  
4. the name and signature of the accountable manager;  
5. the date of application.  
SUBPART B  
ORGANISATIONAL REQUIREMENTS  
147.A.100  Facility requirements  
(a) The size and structure of facilities shall ensure protectio n from 
the prevailing weather elements and proper operation of all 
planned training and examination on any particular day.  
(b) Fully enclosed appropriate accommodation separate from othe r 
facilities shall be provided for the instruction of theory and the 
conduct of knowledge examinations.  
1. The maximum number of students undergoing knowledge 
training during any training course shall not exceed 28.  
2. The size of accommodation for examination purposes shall 
be such that no student can read the paperwork or computer 
screen of any other student from his/her position during 
examinations.  
(c) The point (b) accommodation environment shall be maintained  
such that students are able to concentrate on their studies or 
examination as appropriate, without undue distraction or 
discomfort.  
(d) In the case of a basic training course, basic training work shops 
and/or maintenance facilities separate from training classrooms  
shall be provided for practical instruction appropriate to the 
planned training course. If, however, the organisation is 
unable to provide such facilities, arrangements may be made 
with another organisation to provide such workshops and/or 
maintenance facilities, in which case a written agreement shall  
be made with such organisation specifying the conditions of 
access and use thereof. The competent authority shall require 
access to any such contracted organisation and the written 
agreement shall specify this access.  
(e) In the case of an aircraft type/task training course access , shall 
be provided to appropriate facilities containing examples of 
aircraft type as specified in point 147.A.115(d).  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 265
 
(f) The maximum number of students undergoing practical trainin g 
during any training course shall not exceed 15 per supervisor o r 
assessor.  
(g) Office accommodation shall be provided for instructors, 
knowledge examiners and practical assessors of a standard to 
ensure that they can prepare for their duties without undue 
distraction or discomfort.  
(h) Secure storage facilities shall be provided for examination  
papers and training records. The storage environment shall be 
such that documents remain in good condition for the retention 
period as specified in point 147.A.125. The storage facilities and 
office accommodation may be combined, subject to adequate 
security.  
(i) A library shall be provided containing all technical materi al 
appropriate to the scope and level of training undertaken.  
147.A.105  Personnel requirements  
(a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager who h as 
corporate authority for ensuring that all training commitments 
can be financed and carried out to the standard required by thi s 
Part. 
(b) A person or group of persons, whose responsibilities includ e 
ensuring that the maintenance training organisation is in 
compliance the requirements of this Part, shall be nominated. 
Such person(s) must be responsible to the accountable manager. 
The senior person or one person from the group of persons may 
also be the accountable manager subject to meeting the 
requirements for the accountable manager as defined in 
point (a).  
(c) The maintenance training organisation shall contract suffic ient 
staff to plan/perform knowledge and practical training, conduct  
knowledge examinations and practical assessments in 
accordance with the approval.  
(d) By derogation to point (c), when another organisation is us ed to 
provide practical training and assessments, such other organi­
sation's staff may be nominated to carry out practical training  
and assessments.  
(e) Any person may carry out any combination of the roles of 
instructor, examiner and assessor, subject to compliance with 
point (f).  
(f) The experience and qualifications of instructors, knowledge  
examiners and practical assessors shall be established in 
accordance with criteria published or in accordance with a 
procedure and to a standard agreed by the competent authority.  
(g) The knowledge examiners and practical assessors shall be 
specified in the organisation exposition for the acceptance of 
such staff.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 266
 
(h) Instructors and knowledge examiners shall undergo updating 
training at least every 24 months relevant to current technolog y, 
practical skills, human factors and the latest training techniq ues 
appropriate to the knowledge being trained or examined.  
147.A.110  Records of instructors, examiners and assessors  
(a) The organisation shall maintain a record of all instructors , 
knowledge examiners and practical assessors. These records 
shall reflect the experience and qualification, training histor y 
and any subsequent training undertaken.  
(b) Terms of reference shall be drawn up for all instructors, 
knowledge examiners and practical assessors.  
147.A.115  Instructional equipment  
(a) Each classroom shall have appropriate presentation equipmen t of 
a standard that ensures students can easily read presentation t ext/ 
drawings/diagrams and figures from any position in the 
classroom.  
Presentation equipment shall include representative synthetic 
training devices to assist students in their understanding of t he 
particular subject matter where such devices are considered 
beneficial for such purposes.  
(b) The basic training workshops and/or maintenance facilities as 
specified in point 147.A.100(d) must have all tools and 
equipment necessary to perform the approved scope of training.  
(c) The basic training workshops and/or maintenance facilities as 
specified in point 147.A.100(d) must have an appropriate 
selection of aircraft, engines, aircraft parts and avionic 
equipment.  
(d) The aircraft type training organisation as specified in 
point 147.A.100(e) must have access to the appropriate aircraft  
type. Synthetic training devices may be used when such syntheti c 
training devices ensure adequate training standards.  
147.A.120  Maintenance training material  
(a) Maintenance training course material shall be provided to t he 
student and cover as applicable:  
1. the basic knowledge syllabus specified in Annex III (Part-66 ) 
for the relevant aircraft maintenance licence category or 
subcategory and,  
2. the type course content required by Annex III (Part-66) for the 
relevant aircraft type and aircraft maintenance licence categor y 
or subcategory.  
(b) Students shall have access to examples of maintenance docum en­
tation and technical information of the library as specified in  
point 147.A.100(i).  
147.A.125  Records  
The organisation shall keep all student training, examination a nd 
assessment records for  an unlimited period  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 267
 
147.A.130  Training procedures and quality system  
(a) The organisation shall establish procedures acceptable to t he 
competent authority to ensure proper training standards and 
compliance with all relevant requirements in this Part.  
(b) The organisation shall establish a quality system including : 
1. an independent audit function to monitor training standards,  
the integrity of knowledge examinations and practical 
assessments, compliance with and adequacy of the procedures, 
and 
2. a feedback system of audit findings to the person(s) and 
ultimately to the accountable manager referred to in 
point 147.A.105(a) to ensure, as necessary, corrective action.  
147.A.135  Examinations  
(a) The examination staff shall ensure the security of all ques tions.  
(b) Any student found during a knowledge examination to be 
cheating or in possession of material pertaining to the examina ­
tion subject other than the examination papers and associated 
authorised documentation shall be disqualified from taking the 
examination and may not take any examination for at least 12 
months after the date of the incident. The competent authority 
shall be informed of any such incident together with the detail s 
of any enquiry within one calendar month.  
(c) Any examiner found during a knowledge examination to be 
providing question answers to any student being examined 
shall be disqualified from acting as an examiner and the exam­
ination declared void. The competent authority must be informed  
of any such occurrence within one calendar month.  
147.A.140  Maintenance training organisation exposition  
(a) The organisation shall provide an exposition for use by the  
organisation describing the organisation and its procedures and  
containing the following information:  
1. a statement signed by the accountable manager confirming 
that the maintenance training organisation exposition and any 
associated manuals define the maintenance training organi­
sation's compliance with this Part and shall be complied with 
at all times.  
2. the title(s) and name(s) of the person(s) nominated in 
accordance with point 147.A.105(b).  
3. the duties and responsibilities of the person(s) specified i n 
point 2, including matters on which they may deal directly 
with the competent authority on behalf of the maintenance 
training organisation.  
4. a maintenance training organisation chart showing associated  
chains of responsibility of the person(s) specified in 
point (a)(2).  
5. a list of the training instructors, knowledge examiners and 
practical assessors.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 268
 
6. a general description of the training and examination 
facilities located at each address specified in the maintenance  
training organisation's approval certificate, and if appropriat e 
any other location, as required by point 147.A.145(b).  
7. a list of the maintenance training courses which form the 
extent of the approval.  
8. the maintenance training organisation's exposition 
amendment procedure.  
9. the maintenance training organisation's procedures, as 
required by point 147.A.130(a).  
10. the maintenance training organisation's control procedure, as 
required by 147.A.145(c), when authorised to conduct 
training, examination and assessments in locations different 
from those specified in point 147.A.145(b).  
11. a list of the locations pursuant to point 147.A.145(b).  
12. a list of organisations, if appropriate, as specified in 
point 147.A.145(d).  
(b) The maintenance training organisation's exposition and any 
subsequent amendments shall be approved by the competent 
authority.  
(c) Notwithstanding point (b) minor amendments to the expositio n 
may be approved through an exposition procedure (hereinafter 
called indirect approval).  
147.A.145  Privileges of the maintenance training organisation  
▼M5 
(a) The maintenance training organisation may carry out the 
following as permitted by and in accordance with the main­
tenance training organisation exposition:  
(i) basic training courses to the Annex III (Part-66) syllabus,  
or part thereof;  
(ii) aircraft type/task training courses in accordance with 
Annex III (Part-66);  
(iii) the examination of students who attended the basic or 
aircraft type training course at the maintenance training 
organisation;  
(iv) the examination of students who did not attend the aircraf t 
type training course at the maintenance training 
organisation;  
(v) the examination of students who did not attend the basic 
training course at the maintenance training organisation, 
provided that:  
(1) the examination is conducted at one of the locations 
identified in the approval certificate, or  
(2) if performed at locations not identified in the approval 
certificate, as permitted by points (b) and (c), either  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 269
 
— the examination is provided through a European 
Central Question Bank (ECQB), or  
— in the absence of an ECQB, the competent 
authority selects the questions for the examination;  
(vi) the issue of certificates in accordance with Appendix III 
following successful completion of the approved basic or 
aircraft type training courses and examinations specified in 
points (a)(i), (a)(ii), (a)(iii), (a)(iv) and (a)(v), as applic able. 
▼B 
(b) Training, knowledge examinations and practical assessments 
may only be carried out at the locations identified in the 
approval certificate and/or at any location specified in the ma in­
tenance training organisation exposition.  
(c) By derogation to point (b), the maintenance training organi s­
ation may only conduct training, knowledge examinations and 
practical assessments in locations different from the point (b)  
locations in accordance with a control procedure specified in t he 
maintenance training organisation exposition. Such locations 
need not be listed in the maintenance training organisation 
exposition.  
(d) 1. The maintenance training organisation may subcontract th e 
conduct of basic theoretical training, type training and relate d 
examinations to a non maintenance training organisation only 
when under the control of the maintenance training organis­
ation quality system.  
2. The subcontracting of basic theoretical training and examina ­
tion is limited to Annex III (Part-66), Appendix I, Modules 
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10.  
3. The subcontracting of type training and examination is 
limited to powerplant and avionic systems.  
(e) An organisation may not be approved to conduct examinations  
unless approved to conduct the corresponding training.  
(f) By derogation from point (e), an organisation approved to 
provide basic knowledge training or type training may also be 
approved to provide type examination in the cases where type 
training is not required.  
147.A.150  Changes to the maintenance training organisation  
(a) The maintenance training organisation shall notify the comp etent 
authority of any proposed changes to the organisation that affe ct 
the approval before any such change takes place, in order to 
enable the competent authority to determine continued 
compliance with this Part and to amend if necessary the main­
tenance training organisation approval certificate.  
(b) The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under 
which the maintenance training organisation may operate 
during such changes unless the competent authority determines 
that the maintenance training organisation approval must be 
suspended.  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 270
 
(c) Failure to inform the competent authority of such changes m ay 
result in suspension or revocation of the maintenance training 
organisation approval certificate backdated to the actual date of 
the changes.  
147.A.155  Continued validity  
(a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It s hall 
remain valid subject to:  
1. the organisation remaining in compliance with this Part, in 
accordance with the provisions related to the handling of 
findings as specified in point 147.B.130; and  
2. the competent authority being granted access to the organis­
ation to determine continued compliance with this 
Annex (Part-147); and  
3. the certificate not being surrendered or revoked.  
(b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval shall be returne d to 
the competent authority.  
147.A.160  Findings  
(a) A level 1 finding is one or more of the following:  
1. any significant non-compliance with the examination process 
which would invalidate the examination(s),  
2. failure to give the competent authority access to the organi ­
sation's facilities during normal operating hours after two 
written requests,  
3. the lack of an accountable manager,  
4. a significant non-compliance with the training process.  
(b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the training p rocess 
other than level 1 findings.  
(c) After receipt of notification of findings according to 
point 147.B.130, the holder of the maintenance training organis ­
ation approval shall define a corrective action plan and demon­
strate corrective action to the satisfaction of the competent 
authority within a period agreed with this authority.  
SUBPART C  
APPROVED BASIC TRAINING COURSE  
147.A.200  The approved basic training course  
(a) The approved basic training course shall consist of knowled ge 
training, knowledge examination, practical training and a 
practical assessment.  
(b) The knowledge training element shall cover the subject matt er for 
a category or subcategory aircraft maintenance licence as 
specified in Annex III (Part-66).  
(c) The knowledge examination element shall cover a representat ive 
cross section of subject matter from the point (b) training 
element.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 271
 
(d) The practical training element shall cover the practical us e of 
common tooling/equipment, the disassembly/assembly of a rep­
resentative selection of aircraft parts and the participation i n rep­
resentative maintenance activities being carried out relevant t o 
the particular Part-66 complete module.  
(e) The practical assessment element shall cover the practical 
training and determine whether the student is competent at 
using tools and equipment and working in accordance with main­
tenance manuals.  
(f) The duration of basic training courses shall be in accordan ce with 
Appendix I.  
(g) The duration of conversion courses between (sub)categories shall 
be determined through an assessment of the basic training 
syllabus and the related practical training needs.  
147.A.205  Basic knowledge examinations  
Basic knowledge examinations shall:  
(a) be in accordance with the standard defined in Annex III (Pa rt- 
66). 
(b) be conducted without the use of training notes.  
(c) cover a representative cross section of subjects from the 
particular module of training completed in accordance with 
Annex III (Part-66).  
147.A.210  Basic practical assessment  
(a) Basic practical assessments shall be carried out during the  basic 
maintenance training course by the nominated practical assessor s 
at the completion of each visit period to the practical worksho ps/ 
maintenance facility.  
(b) The student shall achieve an assessed pass with respect to 
point 147.A.200(e).  
SUBPART D  
AIRCRAFT TYPE/TASK TRAINING  
147.A.300  Aircraft type/task training  
A maintenance training organisation shall be approved to carry out 
Annex III (Part-66) aircraft type and/or task training subject to 
compliance with the standard specified in point 66.A.45.  
147.A.305  Aircraft type examinations and task assessments  
A maintenance training organisation approved in accordance with  
point 147.A.300 to conduct aircraft type training shall conduct  the 
aircraft type examinations or aircraft task assessments specifi ed in 
Annex III (Part-66) subject to compliance with the aircraft typ e 
and/or task standard specified in point 66.A.45 of Annex III (P art- 
66). ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 272
 
SECTION B  
PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
147.B.05  Scope  
This section establishes the administrative requirements to be followed 
by the competent authorities in charge of the application and t he en­
forcement of Section A of this Part.  
147.B.10  Competent Authority  
(a) General  
The Member State shall designate a competent authority with all ocated 
responsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspen sion or 
revocation of certificates under this Annex (Part-147). This 
competent authority shall establish documented procedures and a n 
organisational structure.  
(b) Resources  
The competent authority shall be appropriately staffed to carry  out the 
requirements of this Part.  
(c) Procedures  
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing ho w 
compliance with this Annex (Part-147) is accomplished.  
The procedures shall be reviewed and amended to ensure continue d 
compliance.  
(d) Qualification and training  
All staff involved in approvals related to this Annex must:  
1. Be appropriately qualified and have all necessary knowledge,  
experience and training to perform their allocated tasks.  
2. Have received training and continuation training on Annex II I (Part- 
66) and Annex IV (Part-147) where relevant, including its inten ded 
meaning and standard.  
147.B.20  Record-keeping  
(a) The competent authority shall establish a system of record- keeping 
that allows adequate traceability of the process to issue, rene w, 
continue, vary, suspend or revoke each approval.  
(b) The records for the oversight of maintenance training organ isations 
shall include as a minimum:  
1. the application for an organisation approval.  
2. the organisation approval certificate including any changes.  
3. a copy of the audit program listing the dates when audits ar e 
due and when audits were carried out.  
4. continued oversight records including all audit records.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 273
 
5. copies of all relevant correspondence.  
6. details of any exemption and enforcement actions.  
7. any report from other competent authorities relating to the 
oversight of the organisation.  
8. organisation exposition and amendments.  
(c) The minimum retention period for the point (b) records shal l be 
four years.  
147.B.25  Exemptions  
(a) The competent authority may exempt a State education depart ment 
school from:  
1. being an organisation as specified in point 147.A.10.  
2. having an accountable manager, subject to the limitation tha t the 
department appoint a senior person to manage the training 
organisation and such person has a budget sufficient to 
operate the organisation to the standard of this Annex (Part- 
147).  
3. having recourse to the independent audit part of a quality 
system subject to the department operating an independent 
schools inspectorate to audit the maintenance training organis­
ation at the frequency required by this Part.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
(b) All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 71(1) of Regu­
lation (EU) 2018/1139 shall be recorded and retained by the 
competent authority.  
▼B 
SUBPART B  
ISSUE OF AN APPROVAL  
This Subpart provides the requirements to issue or vary the mai ntenance training 
organisation approval.  
147.B.110  Procedure for approval and changes to the approval  
(a) Upon receipt of an application, the competent authority sha ll: 
1. review the maintenance training organisation exposition; and  
2. verify the organisation's compliance with the requirement of  
Annex IV (Part-147).  
(b) All findings identified shall be recorded and confirmed in writing 
to the applicant.  
(c) All findings shall be closed in accordance with point 147.B .130 
before the approval is issued.  
(d) The reference number shall be included on the approval cert ifi­
cate in a manner specified by the Agency.  
147.B.120  Continued validity procedure  
(a) Each organisation shall be completely audited for complianc e 
with this Annex (Part-147) at periods not exceeding 24 
months. This shall include the monitoring of at least one 
training course and one examination performed by the main­
tenance training organisation.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 274
 
(b) Findings shall be processed in accordance with point 147.B. 130. 
147.B.125  Maintenance training organisation approval certificate  
The maintenance training organisation approval certificate form at 
shall be as detailed in Appendix II.  
147.B.130  Findings  
(a) Failure to complete the rectification of any level 1 findin g within 
three days of written notification shall entail revocation, 
suspension or limitation by the competent authority, of the mai n­
tenance training organisation approval in whole or in part.  
(b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to revoke,  limit 
or suspend in whole or part the approval in case of failure to 
comply within the time scale granted by the competent authority  
in the case of a level 2 finding.  
SUBPART C  
REVOCATION, SUSPENSION AND LIMITATION OF THE MAINTENANCE 
TRAINING ORGANISATION APPROVAL  
147.B.200  Revocation, suspension and limitation of the maintenance 
training organisation approval  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of 
potential safety threat; or  
(b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to 147.B.130.  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 275
 
Appendix I  
Basic training course duration  
The minimum duration of a complete basic training course shall be as follows:  
Basic Course  Duration (in hours)  Theoretical Training Ratio 
(in %)  
A1 800  3 0 – 3 5  
A2 650  3 0 – 3 5  
A3 800  3 0 – 3 5  
A4 800  3 0 – 3 5  
B1.1  2 400  5 0 – 6 0  
B1.2  2 000  5 0 – 6 0  
B1.3  2 400  5 0 – 6 0  
B1.4  2 400  5 0 – 6 0  
B2 2 400  5 0 – 6 0  
B2L 1 500 (*)  5 0 – 6 0  
B3 1 000  5 0 – 6 0  
(*) This number of hours shall be increased as follows, dependi ng on the additional 
system ratings selected: 
System Rating  Duration (in hours)  Theoretical Training Ratio 
(in %)  
COM/NAV  9 0  5 0 – 6 0  
INSTRUMENTS  5 5  
AUTOFLIGHT  8 0  
SURVEILLANCE  4 0  
AIRFRAME SYSTEMS  100  ▼M5 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 276
 
▼C1 
Appendix II  
Maintenance Training Organisation Approval — EASA Form 11
  ▼M6 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 277
 
► (1) M8 ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 278
 
Appendix III  
▼M6 
▼C1 
1. Basic Training and Examination  
The basic training certificate template shall be used for recog nition of 
completion of either the basic training or the basic examinatio n, or both 
the basic training and basic training examinations.  
The training certificate shall clearly identify each individual  module exam­
ination by date passed together with the corresponding version of Appendix I 
to Annex III (Part-66).
  ▼M1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 279
 
2. Type Training and Examination  
The type training certificate template shall be used for recogn ition of 
completion of either the theoretical elements or the practical elements, or 
both the theoretical and practical elements of the type rating training course.  
The certificate shall indicate the airframe/engine combination for which the 
training was imparted.  
The appropriate references shall be deleted as applicable and t he course type 
box shall detail whether only the theoretical elements or the p ractical 
elements were covered or whether theoretical and practical elem ents were 
covered.  
The training certificate shall clearly identify if the course i s a complete 
course or a partial course (such as an airframe or powerplant o r avionic/elec­
trical course) or a difference course based upon the applicant previous 
experience, for instance A340 (CFM) course for A320 technicians . If the 
course is not a complete one, the certificate shall identify wh ether the 
interface areas have been covered or not.
  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 280
 
ANNEX V  
Repealed Regulation with list of its successive amendments  
Commission Regulation (EC) 
No 2042/2003  (OJ L 315, 28.11.2003, p. 1)  
Commission Regulation (EC) 
No 707/2006  (OJ L 122, 9.5.2006, p. 17)  
Commission Regulation (EC) 
No 376/2007  (OJ L 94, 4.4.2007, p. 18)  
Commission Regulation (EC) 
No 1056/2008  (OJ L 283, 28.10.2008, p. 5)  
Commission Regulation (EU) 
No 127/2010  (OJ L 40, 13.2.2010, p. 4)  
Commission Regulation (EU) 
No 962/2010  (OJ L 281, 27.10.2010, p. 78)  
Commission Regulation (EU) 
No 1149/2011  (OJ L 298, 16.11.2011, p. 1)  
Commission Regulation (EU) 
No 593/2012  (OJ L 176, 6.7.2012, p. 38)  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 281
 
ANNEX Va  
PART-T  
▼M6 
▼C1 
CONTENTS  
T.1 Competent authority  
Section A — Technical requirements  
Subpart A — GENERAL  
T.A.101 Scope  
Subpart B — REQUIREMENTS  
T.A.201 Responsibilities  
Subpart E — MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION  
T.A.501 Maintenance organisation  
Subpart G — ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTINUING AIR- 
WORTHINESS MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS APPROVED PURSU- 
ANT TO ANNEX Vc (Part-CAMO)  
T.A.701 Scope  
T.A.704 Continuing airworthiness management exposition  
T.A.706 Personnel requirements  
T.A.708 Continuing airworthiness management  
T.A.709 Documentation  
T.A.711 Privileges  
T.A.712 Management system  
T.A.714 Record-keeping  
T.A.715 Continued validity  
T.A.716 Findings  
Section B — Additional procedure for competent authorities  
▼M8 
Subpart A — General  
T.B.101 Scope  
T.B.102 Competent authority  
T.B.104 Record-keeping  
T.B.105 Mutual exchange of information  
▼M6 
▼C1 
Subpart B — Accountability  
T.B.201 Responsibilities  
T.B.202 Findings  
Subpart G — ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTINUING AIR- 
WORTHINESS MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS APPROVED PURSU- 
ANT TO ANNEX Vc (Part-CAMO)  
T.B.702 Initial certification procedure  
T.B.704 Continuing oversight  
T.B.705 Findings and corrective actions  ▼M2 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 282
 
T.1 Competent authority  
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority for the o versight of the 
aircraft and the organisations shall be the authority designate d by the 
Member State that has issued the Air Operator Certificate to th e operator.  
SECTION A  
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
▼M6 
▼C1 
T.A.101  Scope  
This section establishes requirements to ensure that continuing  
airworthiness of aircraft referred to in point (b) of Article 1  is main­
tained in compliance with the essential requirements of Annex V  to 
Regulation (EU) No 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the 
Council.  
It also specifies the conditions to be met by the persons and o rganis­
ations responsible for management of the continuing airworthine ss and 
maintenance of such aircraft.  
▼M2 
SUBPART B  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
T.A.201  Responsibilities  
1. (a) The operator is responsible for the airworthiness of the  aircraft 
and it shall ensure that it is not operated unless the aircraft  has a 
type certificate issued or validated by the Agency;  
(b) the aircraft is in an airworthy condition;  
(c) the aircraft holds a valid certificate of airworthiness iss ued in 
accordance with ICAO Annex 8;  
(d) the maintenance of the aircraft is performed in accordance with a 
maintenance programme which shall comply with the 
requirements of the State of Registry and the applicable 
requirements of ICAO Annex 6.  
(e) any defect or damage affecting the safe operation of the ai rcraft 
is rectified to a standard acceptable to the State of Registry;  
(f) the aircraft complies with any applicable:  
(i) airworthiness directive or continued airworthiness 
requirement issued or adopted by the State of Registry; and  
(ii) mandatory safety information issued by the Agency, 
including airworthiness directives;  
(g) a release to service is issued to the aircraft after mainte nance by 
qualified organisations in compliance with the State of Registr y 
requirements. The signed release to service shall contain, in 
particular, the basic details of the maintenance carried out.  
(h) the aircraft is inspected, through a pre-flight inspection,  before 
each flight  ▼M2 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 283
 
(i) all modifications and repairs comply with the airworthiness  
requirements established by the State of Registry  
(j) the following aircraft records are available until the info rmation 
contained has been superseded by new information equivalent in 
scope and detail but not less than 24 months:  
(1) the total time in service (hours, cycles and calendar time,  as 
appropriate) of the aircraft and all life-limited components;  
(2) current status of compliance with T.A.201 (1)(f) 
requirements;  
(3) current status of compliance with the maintenance 
programme;  
(4) current status of modifications and repairs together with 
appropriate details and substantiating data to demonstrate 
that they comply with the requirements established by the 
State of Registry.  
2. The tasks specified in T.A.201 (1) shall be controlled by th e 
operator's continuing airworthiness management organisation. Fo r 
this purpose the organisation shall comply with the additional 
requirements of T.A. Subpart G.  
▼M5 
3. The continuing airworthiness management organisation referre d to in 
point (2) shall ensure that the maintenance and release of the aircraft 
are performed by a maintenance organisation meeting the 
requirements of Subpart E of this Annex (Part-T). For this 
purpose, when the continuing airworthiness management organis­
ation does not meet those requirements itself, it shall establi sh a 
contract with a maintenance organisation meeting those 
requirements.  
▼M2 
SUBPART E  
MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION  
▼M5 
T.A. 501  Maintenance Organisation  
▼M2 
The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall ensu re 
that the aircraft and its components are maintained by organisa tions 
complying with the following requirements:  
(1) The organisation holds a maintenance organisation approval issued 
or acceptable to the State of Registry.  
(2) The scope of approval of the organisation includes the appr opriate 
aircraft and/or component capability.  
(3) The organisation has established an occurrence reporting sy stem 
which ensures that any identified condition of an aircraft or 
component which endangers the flight safety is reported to the 
operator, the competent authority of the operator, the organisa tion 
responsible for the type design or supplemental type design and  
the continuing airworthiness management organisation.  
(4) The organisation has established an organisation's manual 
providing a description of all the procedures of the organisati on. ▼M2 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 284
 
SUBPART G  
▼M6 
▼C1 
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS 
MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS APPROVED PURSUANT TO 
ANNEX Vc (Part-CAMO)  
T.A.701  Scope  
This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met, in additio n to the 
requirements of Annex Vc (Part-CAMO), by an organisation approv ed 
in accordance with that Annex, for it to be entitled to control  the 
carrying out of the tasks specified in point T.A.201.  
T.A.704  Continuing airworthiness management exposition  
In addition to the requirements provided for in point CAMO.A.30 0, the 
exposition shall contain procedures specifying how the organisa tion 
ensures compliance with this Annex.  
T.A.706  Personnel requirements  
In addition to the requirements provided for in point CAMO.A.30 5, the 
personnel referred to in points (a)(3) to (a)(5) and (b)(2) of 
point CAMO.A.305 shall have adequate knowledge of the applicabl e 
laws of the third countries where the aircraft is registered.  
▼M2 
T.A.708  Continuing airworthiness management  
▼M6 
▼C1 
Notwithstanding point CAMO.A.315, for aircraft for which the 
continuing airworthiness is managed in accordance with the 
requirements of this Annex the organisation shall:  
▼M2 
(a) ensure that the aircraft is taken to a maintenance organisa tion 
whenever necessary;  
(b) ensure that all maintenance is carried out in accordance wi th the 
maintenance programme;  
(c) ensure the application of the T.A.201 (1)(f) mandatory 
information;  
(d) ensure that all defects discovered during scheduled mainten ance or 
reported are corrected by the maintenance organisation in 
accordance with the maintenance data acceptable to the State of  
Registry;  
(e) coordinate scheduled maintenance, the application of the T. A.201 
(1)(f) mandatory information, the replacement of life-limited p arts, 
and component inspection to ensure the work is carried out 
properly;  
(f) manage and archive the continuing airworthiness records req uired 
by T.A.201 (1)(j);  
(g) ensure that modifications and repairs are approved in accor dance 
with the requirements of the State of Registry.  
▼M6 
▼C1 
T.A.709  Documentation  
Notwithstanding point CAMO.A.325, for every aircraft for which the 
continuing airworthiness is managed in accordance with the 
requirements of this Annex, the organisation shall hold and use  
applicable maintenance data acceptable to the State of registry  of the 
aircraft.  ▼M2 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 285
 
T.A.711  Privileges  
An organisation approved in accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO ) 
may perform the tasks specified in point T.A.708 for the aircra ft 
included in its air operator certificate, provided that the org anisation 
has established procedures, approved by the competent authority , in 
order to ensure compliance with the requirements of this Annex.  
T.A.712  Management system  
In addition to the requirements of point CAMO.A.200, the organi sation 
shall ensure its compliance with the requirements of this Annex . 
T.A.714  Record-keeping  
In addition to the requirements of point (a) of point CAMO.A.22 0, the 
organisation shall keep the records referred to in point (1)(j)  of 
point T.A.201.  
T.A.715  Continued validity  
For the approval of an organisation managing the 
continuing-airworthiness to remain valid, the following require ments 
shall be met in addition to the requirements of point CAMO.A.13 5: 
(a) the organisation complies with the applicable requirements of this 
Annex; and  
(b) the organisation ensures that any person authorised by the 
competent authority is granted access to any of its facilities,  
aircraft or documents related to its activities, including any subcon­
tracted activities, to determine compliance with this Annex.  
T.A.716  Findings  
(a) After having received a notification of findings in accorda nce with 
point T.B.705, the organisation shall do the following:  
(1) identify the root cause or causes of, and contributing fact ors to 
the finding of non-compliance;  
(2) prepare, adopt and implement a corrective action plan;  
(3) demonstrate to the satisfaction of the competent authority that 
the necessary corrective action to address the finding has been  
taken.  
(b) The actions referred to in points (1) to (3) of paragraph ( a) shall be 
performed within the time period set by the competent authority  in 
accordance with point T.B.705.  
▼M2 
SECTION B  
▼M6 
▼C1 
ADDITIONAL PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITY  
▼M2 
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
T.B.101  Scope  
This Section establishes the administrative requirements to be followed 
by the competent authorities in charge of the application and e nforce­
ment of Section A of this Part-T.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 286
 
T.B.102  Competent authority  
1. General  
A Member State shall designate a competent authority with 
allocated responsibilities as referred to in T.1. This competen t 
authority shall establish documented procedures and an organisa ­
tional structure.  
2. Resources  
The number of staff shall be appropriate to carry out the 
requirements as detailed in this Section  
3. Qualification and training  
All staff involved in Part-T activities shall be appropriately 
qualified and have the appropriate knowledge, experience, initi al 
training and continuation training to perform their allocated t asks.  
4. Procedures  
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing ho w 
compliance with this Part is accomplished.  
T.B.104  Record-keeping  
1. The requirements of M.B.104(a), (b) and (c) of Annex I shall  apply.  
2. The minimum records for the oversight of each aircraft shall  
include, at least, a copy of:  
a) the aircraft's certificate of airworthiness,  
b) all relevant correspondence relating to the aircraft,  
c) reports from any inspection and survey performed to the airc raft, 
d) details of any exemption and enforcement action(s).  
3. All records specified in T.B.104 shall be made available, up on 
request, to another Member State, the Agency or the State of 
Registry.  
4. The records specified in (2) shall be retained until 4 years  after the 
end of the dry lease-in period.  
T.B.105  Mutual exchange of information  
The requirements of M.B.105 of Annex I shall apply.  
SUBPART B  
ACCOUNTABILITY  
T.B.201  Responsibilities  
1. The competent authority as specified in T.1 is responsible f or 
conducting inspections and investigations, including aircraft 
surveys, in order to verify that the requirements of this Part are 
complied with.  
2. The competent authority shall perform inspections and invest i­
gations before the approval of the dry lease in agreement in 
accordance with ARO.OPS.110 (a)(1), to verify that the 
requirements of T.A.201 are then complied with.  
3. The competent authority shall ensure coordination with the S tate of 
Registry as necessary to exercise the oversight responsibilitie s of 
the aircraft contained in this Annex Va (Part-T).  ▼M2 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 287
 
T.B.202  Findings  
1. A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with the  Part-T 
requirements which lowers the safety standard and hazards 
seriously the flight safety.  
2. A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the Part-T 
requirements which could lower the safety standard and possibly  
hazard the flight safety.  
3. When a finding is detected during inspections, investigation s, 
aircraft surveys or by other means, the competent authority sha ll: 
a) take measures as necessary, such as the grounding of the 
aircraft, to prevent the continuation of the non-compliance,  
b) require corrective actions appropriate to the nature of the finding 
to be taken.  
4. For level 1 findings, the competent authority shall require appro­
priate corrective action to be taken before further flight and notify 
the State of Registry.  
SUBPART G  
▼M6 
▼C1 
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS 
MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS APPROVED PURSUANT TO 
ANNEX Vc (Part-CAMO)  
T.B.702  Initial certification procedure  
In addition to the requirements of point CAMO.B.310, the compet ent 
authority shall verify and establish that those procedures comp ly with 
the requirements of this Annex and it shall verify that the org anisation 
complies with the requirements of this Annex.  
T.B.704  Continuing oversight  
In addition to the requirements of point CAMO.B.305, during eac h 
oversight planning cycle, the competent authority shall survey a 
relevant sample of aircraft referred to in point (b) of Article  1  
managed by the organisation.  
T.B.705  Findings and corrective actions  
For organisations managing the continuing airworthiness of airc raft 
referred to in point (b) of Article 1, the competent authority shall 
apply the requirements contained in point CAMO.B.350 when 
verifying if the organisation complies with the requirements of  this 
Annex.  ▼M2 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 288
 
ANNEX Vb  
(Part-ML)  
CONTENTS  
ML.1  
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A — GENERAL  
ML.A.101 Scope  
SUBPART B — ACCOUNTABILITY  
ML.A.201 Responsibilities  
ML.A.202 Occurrence reporting  
SUBPART C — CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
ML.A.301 Continuing-airworthiness tasks  
ML.A.302 Aircraft maintenance programme  
ML.A.303 Airworthiness directives  
ML.A.304 Data for modifications and repairs  
ML.A.305 Aircraft continuing-airworthiness record system  
ML.A.307 Transfer of aircraft continuing-airworthiness records  
SUBPART D — MAINTENANCE STANDARDS  
ML.A.401 Maintenance data  
ML.A.402 Performance of maintenance  
ML.A.403 Aircraft defects  
SUBPART E — COMPONENTS  
ML.A.501 Classification and installation  
ML.A.502 Component maintenance  
ML.A.503 Service-life-limited components  
ML.A.504 Control of unserviceable components  
SUBPART H — CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE (CRS)  
ML.A.801 Aircraft certificate of release to service  
ML.A.802 Component certificate of release to service  
ML.A.803 Pilot-owner authorisation  
SUBPART I — AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE (ARC)  
ML.A.901 Aircraft airworthiness review  
ML.A.902 Validity of the airworthiness review certificate  
ML.A.903 Airworthiness review process  
ML.A.904 Qualification of airworthiness review staff  
ML.A.905 Transfer of aircraft registration within the Union  
ML.A.906 Airworthiness review of aircraft imported into the Uni on 
ML.A.907 Findings  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 289
 
SECTION B — PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A — GENERAL  
ML.B.101 Scope  
ML.B.102 Competent authority  
ML.B.104 Record-keeping  
ML.B.105 Mutual exchange of information  
SUBPART B — ACCOUNTABILITY  
ML.B.201 Responsibilities  
SUBPART C — CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
ML.B.302 Exemptions  
ML.B.303 Aircraft continuing-airworthiness monitoring  
ML.B.304 Revocation, suspension and limitation  
SUBPART I — AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE (ARC)  
ML.B.902 Airworthiness review by the competent authority  
ML.B.903 Findings  
Appendix I — Continuing-airworthiness management contract  
Appendix II — Limited Pilot-owner maintenance  
Appendix III — Complex maintenance tasks not to be released by the 
Pilot-owner  
Appendix IV — Airworthiness review certificate (EASA Form 15c)  
ML.1  
(a) In accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 3, this Annex (Pa rt-ML) applies to 
the following other than complex motor-powered aircraft not lis ted in the air 
operator certificate of an air carrier licensed in accordance w ith 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008:  
(1) aeroplanes of 2 730 kg maximum take-off mass (MTOM) or less ; 
(2) rotorcraft of 1 200 kg MTOM or less, certified for a maximu m of up to 4 
occupants;  
(3) other ELA2 aircraft.  
(b) For the purpose of this Annex, the competent authority shal l be the authority 
designated by the Member State of registry of the aircraft.  
(c) For the purpose of this Annex, the following definitions sh all apply:  
(1) ‘independent certifying staff’ means certifying staff who d oes not work 
on behalf of an approved maintenance organisation and who compl ies 
with, alternatively:  
(i) the requirements of Annex III (Part-66);  
(ii) for aircraft to which Annex III (Part-66) does not apply, the 
certifying staff requirements in force in the Member State of 
registry of the aircraft;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 290
 
(2) ‘maintenance organisation’ means an organisation holding an  approval 
issued in accordance with, alternatively:  
(i) Subpart F of Annex I (Part-M);  
(ii) Section A of Annex II (Part-145);  
(iii) Section A of Annex Vd (Part-CAO).  
(3) ‘owner’ means the person responsible for the continuing air worthiness 
of the aircraft, including, alternatively:  
(i) the registered owner of the aircraft;  
(ii) the lessee in the case of a leasing contract;  
(iii) the operator.  
SECTION A  
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
ML.A.101  Scope  
This Section establishes the measures to be taken in order to e nsure 
that the aircraft is airworthy. It also specifies the condition s to be met 
by the persons or organisations involved in the activities rela ted to 
the airworthiness of the aircraft.  
SUBPART B  
ACCOUNTABILITY  
ML.A.201  Responsibilities  
(a) The owner of the aircraft shall be responsible for the cont inuing 
airworthiness of the aircraft and shall ensure that no flight t akes 
place unless all of the following requirements are met:  
(1) the aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition;  
(2) any operational and emergency equipment fitted is correctly  
installed and serviceable or clearly identified as 
unserviceable;  
(3) the airworthiness certificate is valid;  
(4) the maintenance of the aircraft is performed in accordance 
with the Aircraft Maintenance Program (‘AMP’) specified in 
point ML.A.302.  
(b) By derogation from point (a), where the aircraft is leased,  the 
responsibilities set out in point (a) shall apply to the lessee , if 
the lessee is identified either in the registration document of  the 
aircraft or in the leasing contract.  
(c) Any person or organisation performing maintenance of aircra ft 
and components shall be responsible for the maintenance tasks 
being performed.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 291
 
(d) The pilot-in-command of the aircraft shall be responsible f or the 
satisfactory accomplishment of the preflight inspection. That 
inspection shall be carried out by the pilot or another qualifi ed 
person but need not be carried out by an approved maintenance 
organisation or by certifying staff.  
(e) For aircraft operated by commercial Approved Training Organ ­
isations (‘ATO’) and commercial Declared Training Organis­
ations (‘DTO’) referred to in Article 10a of Regulation (EU) 
No 1178/2011 or not operated in accordance with Annex VII 
to Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 (Part-NCO) or operated in 
accordance with Subpart-ADD of Annex II (Part-BOP) to 
Regulation (EU) 2018/395 or Subpart-DEC of Annex II (Part- 
SAO) to Regulation (EU) 2018/1976 (  1 ), the operator shall:  
▼M8 
(1) be approved as a CAMO or as a CAO for the management 
of the continuing airworthiness of its aircraft in accordance 
with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO), Subpart G of Annex I (Part- 
M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO), or contract such an organis­
ation using the contract set out in Appendix I to this Annex;  
▼C1 
(2) ensure that all maintenance is performed by maintenance 
organisations approved in accordance with point (c)(2) of 
point ML.1.;  
(3) ensure that the requirements of point (a) are satisfied.  
(f) ►M8 For aircraft not included in point (e), in order to satisfy 
the requirements of point (a), the owner of the aircraft may 
contract the tasks associated with continuing airworthiness 
management to an organisation approved as a CAMO or CAO 
in accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO), Subpart G of 
Annex I (Part-M) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO). ◄ In that case, 
the contracted organisation shall assume responsibility for the  
proper performance of those tasks and a written contract shall be 
concluded in accordance with Appendix I to this Annex. If the 
owner does not contract such an organisation, the owner is 
responsible for the proper performance of the tasks associated 
with the continuing airworthiness management.  
(g) The owner shall grant the competent authority access to the  
aircraft and the aircraft records, in order for the competent 
authority to determine whether the aircraft complies with the 
requirements of this Annex.  
▼M8 
(h) In the case of an aircraft included in an air operator cert ificate is 
used for non-commercial or specialised operations under 
point ORO.GEN.310 of Annex III or point NCO.GEN.104 of 
Annex VII to Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 (  2 ), the operator 
shall ensure that the tasks associated with continuing 
airworthiness are performed by the CAMO approved in 
accordance with Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Subpart G of 
Annex I (Part-M) or the combined airworthiness organisation 
(‘CAO’) approved in accordance with Annex Vd (Part-CAO), 
whichever applicable, of the air operator certificate holder.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 292  
( 1 ) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1976 of 14 Decem ber 2018 laying 
down detailed rules for the operation of sailplanes pursuant to  Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 3 26, 20.12.2018, p. 64). 
( 2 ) Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 of 5 October 2012 layi ng down technical 
requirements and administrative procedures related to air opera tions pursuant to 
Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of t he Council (OJ L 296, 
25.10.2012, p. 1).
 ML.A.202  Occurrence reporting  
(a) Without prejudice to the reporting requirements set out in 
Annex II (Part-145) and Annex Vc (Part-CAMO), any person 
or organisation responsible in accordance with point ML.A.201 
shall report any identified condition of an aircraft or compone nt 
which endangers flight safety to:  
(1) the competent authority designated by the Member State of 
registry of the aircraft, and, when different to the Member 
State of registry, to the competent authority designated by the  
Member State of the operator;  
(2) to the organisation responsible for the type design or supp le­
mental type design.  
(b) The reports referred to in point (a) shall be made in a man ner 
determined by the competent authority referred to in point (a) and 
shall contain all pertinent information about the condition kno wn 
to the person or organisation making the report.  
(c) Where the maintenance or the airworthiness review of the ai rcraft 
is carried out on the basis of a written contract, the person o r the 
organisation responsible for those activities shall also report  any 
condition referred to in point (a) to the owner of the aircraft  and, 
when different, to the CAMO or CAO concerned.  
(d) The person or organisation shall submit the reports referre d to in 
points (a) and (c) as soon as possible, but no later than 72 ho urs 
from the moment when the person or organisation identified the 
condition to which the report relates, unless exceptional circu m­
stances prevent this.  
SUBPART C  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
ML.A.301  Continuing airworthiness tasks  
The aircraft continuing airworthiness and the serviceability of  opera­
tional and emergency equipment shall be ensured by:  
(a) the accomplishment of pre-flight inspections;  
(b) the rectification of any defect and damage affecting safe 
operation in accordance with data specified in points ML.A.304 
and ML.A.401, as applicable, while taking into account the 
minimum equipment list (‘MEL’) and configuration deviation 
list, when they exist;  
(c) the accomplishment of all maintenance in accordance with th e 
AMP referred to in point ML.A.302;  
(d) the accomplishment of any applicable:  
(1) airworthiness directive (‘AD’);  
(2) operational directive with a continuing-airworthiness impac t; 
(3) continuing-airworthiness requirement established by the 
Agency;  
(4) measure required by the competent authority as an immediate  
reaction to a safety problem;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 293
 
(e) the accomplishment of modifications and repairs in accordan ce 
with point ML.A.304;  
(f) maintenance check flights, when necessary.  
ML.A.302  Aircraft maintenance programme  
(a) The maintenance of each aircraft shall be organised in acco rdance 
with an AMP.  
(b) The AMP and any subsequent amendments thereto shall be, alt er­
natively:  
(1) declared by the owner in accordance with point (c)(7) of 
point ML.A.302, where the continuing airworthiness of the 
aircraft is not managed by a CAMO or CAO;  
(2) approved by the CAMO or CAO responsible for managing 
the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft.  
The owner declaring the AMP in accordance with point (b)(1) or 
the organisation approving the AMP in accordance with 
point (b)(2) shall keep the AMP updated.  
(c) The AMP:  
(1) shall clearly identify the owner of the aircraft and the ai rcraft 
to which it relates, including any installed engine and 
propeller, as applicable;  
(2) shall include, alternatively:  
(a) the tasks or inspections contained in the applicable 
minimum inspection programme (‘MIP’) referred to in 
point (d);  
(b) the instructions for continuing airworthiness (‘ICA’) 
issued by the design approval holder (‘DAH’);  
(3) may include additional maintenance actions to those referre d 
to in point (c)(2) or maintenance actions alternative to those 
referred to in point (c)(2)(b) at the proposal of the owner, 
CAMO or CAO, once approved or declared in accordance 
with point (b). Alternative maintenance actions to those 
referred to in point (c)(2)(b) shall not be less restrictive 
than those set out in the applicable MIP;  
(4) shall include all the mandatory continuing airworthiness 
information, such as repetitive ADs, the airworthiness limi­
tation section (‘ALS’) of the ICAs, and specific maintenance 
requirements contained in the type certificate data sheet 
(‘TCDS’);  
(5) shall identify any additional maintenance tasks to be 
performed because of the specific aircraft type, aircraft 
configuration and type and specificity of operation, whereas 
the following elements shall be taken into consideration as a 
minimum:  
(a) specific installed equipment and modifications of the 
aircraft;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 294
 
(b) repairs carried out in the aircraft;  
(c) life-limited components and flight-safety-critical 
components;  
(d) maintenance recommendations, such as time between 
overhaul (‘TBO’) intervals, issued through service 
bulletins, service letters, and other non-mandatory 
service information;  
(e) applicable operational directives or requirements related 
to the periodic inspection of certain equipment;  
(f) special operational approvals;  
(g) use of the aircraft and operational environment;  
(6) shall identify whether the Pilot-owners are authorised to 
perform maintenance;  
(7) when declared by the owner, shall contain a signed statemen t 
by which the owner declares that this is the AMP for the 
particular aircraft registration and that he is fully responsib le 
for its content and, in particular, for any deviations from the  
DAH's recommendations;  
(8) when approved by the CAMO or CAO, shall be signed by 
this organisation, which shall retain records with the justifi­
cation for any deviation introduced to the DAH's 
recommendations;  
(9) shall be reviewed at least annually in order to assess its 
effectiveness, and this review shall be performed, alter­
natively:  
(a) in conjunction with the airworthiness review of the 
aircraft by the person who performs such an 
airworthiness review;  
(b) by the CAMO or CAO managing the continuing 
airworthiness of the aircraft in those cases where the 
review of the AMP is not performed in conjunction 
with an airworthiness review.  
If the review shows deficiencies of the aircraft linked with 
deficiencies in the content of the AMP, the AMP shall be 
amended accordingly. In this case the person performing the 
review shall inform the competent authority of the Member 
State of registry if he does not agree with the measures 
amending the AMP taken by the owner, CAMO or CAO. 
The competent authority shall decide which amendments to 
the AMP are necessary, raising the corresponding findings 
and, if necessary, reacting in accordance with 
point ML.B.304.  
(d) A MIP:  
(1) shall contain the following inspection intervals:  
(a) for aeroplanes, touring motor gliders (‘TMGs’) and 
balloons, every annual or 100-h interval, whichever 
comes first, to which a tolerance of 1 month or 10 h 
may be applied. The next interval shall be calculated as 
from the time the inspection takes place;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 295
 
(b) for sailplanes and powered sailplanes other than TMG, 
every annual interval to which a tolerance of 1 month 
may be applied. The next interval shall be calculated as 
from the time the inspection takes place;  
(2) shall contain the following, as applicable to the aircraft type:  
(a) servicing tasks as required by the DAH's requirements;  
(b) inspection of markings;  
(c) review of weighing records and weighing in accordance 
with Regulation (EU) No 965/2012, Regu­
lation (EU) 2018/395 and Regulation (EU) 2018/1976;  
(d) operational test of transponder (if installed);  
(e) functional test of the pitot-static system;  
(f) in the case of aeroplanes:  
(i) operational tests for power and revolutions per 
minute (rpm), magnetos, fuel and oil pressure, 
engine temperatures;  
(ii) for engines equipped with automated engine control, 
the published run-up procedure;  
(iii) for dry-sump engines, engines with turbochargers 
and liquid-cooled engines, an operational test for 
signs of disturbed fluid circulation;  
(g) inspection of the condition and attachment of the 
structural items, systems and components corresponding 
to the following areas:  
(i) for aeroplanes:  
airframe, cabin and cockpit, landing gear, wing and 
centre section, flight controls, empennage, avionics 
and electrics, power plant, clutches and gearboxes, 
propeller and miscellaneous systems, such as the 
ballistic rescue system;  
(ii) for sailplanes and powered sailplanes:  
airframe, cabin and cockpit, landing gear, wing and 
centre section, empennage, avionics and electrics, 
power plant (for powered sailplanes) and miscel­
laneous systems, such as removable ballast and/or 
drag chute and controls, as well as water ballast 
system;  
(iii) for hot-air balloons:  
envelope, burner, basket, fuel containers, equipment 
and instruments;  
(iv) for gas balloons:  
envelope, basket, equipment and instruments.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 296
 
As long as this Annex does not specify an MIP for airships 
and rotorcraft, their AMP shall be based on the ICA issued 
by the DAH, as referred to in point (c)(2)(b).  
(e) By derogation from points (b) and (c), a declaration by the  owner 
or an approval by a CAMO or CAO is not required, and an AMP 
document is not required to be produced when the following 
conditions are met:  
(1) all the ICA issued by the DAH are being followed without 
any deviations;  
(2) all maintenance recommendations, such as TBO intervals, 
issued through service bulletins, service letters, and other 
non-mandatory service information, are being followed 
without any deviations;  
(3) there are no additional maintenance tasks to be performed 
resulting from any of the following:  
(a) specific installed equipment and modifications of the 
aircraft;  
(b) repairs carried out in the aircraft;  
(c) life-limited components and flight-safety-critical 
components;  
(d) special operational approvals;  
(e) use of the aircraft and operational environment.  
(4) Pilot-owners are authorised to perform Pilot-owner 
maintenance.  
This derogation is not applicable if the pilot-owner or, in cas e of 
jointly-owned aircraft, any of the pilot-owners is not authoris ed to 
perform Pilot-owner maintenance because this has to be specifie d 
in the declared or approved AMP.  
(f) If the conditions provided for in points (e)(1) to (e)(4) a re met, 
the AMP applicable to the aircraft shall consist of the followi ng: 
(1) the ICA issued by the DAH;  
(2) the maintenance recommendations, such as TBO intervals, 
issued through service bulletins, service letters, and other 
non-mandatory service information;  
(3) the mandatory continuing airworthiness information, such as  
repetitive ADs, the ALS of the ICA and specific maintenance 
requirements contained in the TCDS;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 297
 
(4) the tasks due to specific operational or airspace directive s or 
requirements in relation to particular instruments and 
equipment.  
ML.A.303  Airworthiness directives  
Any applicable AD must be carried out within the requirements o f 
that AD unless otherwise specified by the Agency.  
ML.A.304  Data for modifications and repairs  
A person or organisation repairing an aircraft or a component s hall 
assess any damage. Modifications and repairs shall be carried o ut 
using, as appropriate, the following data:  
(a) approved by the Agency;  
(b) approved by a design organisation complying with Annex I (P art- 
21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012;  
(c) contained in the requirements referred to in point 21.A.90B  or 
point 21.A.431B of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012.  
ML.A.305  Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system  
(a) At the completion of any maintenance, the certificate of re lease to 
service (CRS) required by point ML.A.801 shall be entered in th e 
aircraft continuing airworthiness record system. Each entry sha ll 
be made as soon as possible but not later than 30 days after th e 
day of the completion of the maintenance task.  
(b) The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall consist  of an 
aircraft logbook, engine logbook(s) or engine module log cards,  
propeller logbook(s) and log cards, for any service-life-limite d 
component, as appropriate.  
(c) The aircraft type and registration mark, the date together with the 
total flight time and flight cycles and landings, shall be ente red in 
the aircraft logbooks.  
(d) The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall contain : 
(1) the current status of ADs and measures mandated by the 
competent authority in immediate reaction to a safety 
problem;  
(2) the current status of modifications, repairs and other DAH 
maintenance recommendations;  
(3) the current status of compliance with the AMP;  
(4) the current status of service-life-limited components;  
(5) the current mass and balance report;  
(6) the current list of deferred maintenance.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 298
 
(e) In addition to the authorised release document, EASA Form 1 , as 
set out in Appendix II of Annex I (Part-M), or equivalent, the 
following information relevant to any component installed, such  
as engine, propeller, engine module or service-life-limited 
component, shall be entered in the appropriate engine or 
propeller logbook, engine module or service-life-limited 
component log card:  
(1) the identification of the component;  
(2) the type, serial number and registration, as appropriate, o f the 
aircraft, engine, propeller, engine module or service-life- 
limited component to which the particular component has 
been fitted, along with the reference to the installation and 
removal of the component;  
(3) the date together with the component's accumulated total 
flight time, flight cycles, landings and calendar time, as 
relevant to the particular component;  
(4) the current information referred to in point (d), applicabl e to 
the component.  
(f) The person or organisation responsible for the management o f 
continuing airworthiness and tasks pursuant to point ML.A.201, 
shall control the records as detailed in point ML.A.305 and 
present the records to the competent authority upon request.  
(g) All entries made in the aircraft continuing airworthiness r ecords 
shall be clear and accurate. When it is necessary to correct an  
entry, the correction shall be made in a manner that clearly sh ows 
the original entry.  
(h) An owner shall ensure that a system has been established to  keep 
the following records for the periods specified:  
(1) all detailed maintenance records in respect of the aircraft  and 
any service-life-limited component fitted thereto, until such 
time as the information contained therein is superseded by 
new information equivalent in scope and detail but no less 
than 36 months after the aircraft or component has been 
released to service;  
(2) the total time in service, this is to say hours, calendar t ime, 
cycles and landings, of the aircraft and all service-life-limit ed 
components, for at least 12 months after the aircraft or 
component has been permanently withdrawn from service;  
(3) the time in service, this is to say hours, calendar time, c ycles 
and landings, as appropriate, since the last scheduled main­
tenance of the component subjected to a service life limit, at 
least until the component scheduled maintenance has been 
superseded by another scheduled maintenance of equivalent 
work scope and detail;  
(4) the current status of compliance with the AMP at least unti l 
the scheduled maintenance of the aircraft or component has 
been superseded by another scheduled maintenance of 
equivalent work scope and detail;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 299
 
(5) the current status of ADs applicable to the aircraft and 
components, at least 12 months after the aircraft or 
component has been permanently withdrawn from service;  
(6) details of current modifications and repairs to the aircraf t, 
engine(s), propeller(s) and any other component vital to 
flight safety, at least 12 months after they have been 
permanently withdrawn from service.  
ML.A.307  Transfer of aircraft continuing-airworthiness records  
(a) When an aircraft is permanently transferred from one owner to 
another, the transferring owner shall ensure that the continuin g 
airworthiness records referred to in point ML.A.305 are also 
transferred.  
(b) When the owner contracts the continuing airworthiness 
management tasks to a CAMO or CAO the owner shall ensure 
that the continuing airworthiness records referred to in 
point ML.A.305 are transferred to the contracted organisation.  
(c) The time periods for the retention of records set out in po int (h) 
of point ML.A.305 shall continue to apply to the new owner, 
CAMO or CAO.  
SUBPART D  
MAINTENANCE STANDARDS  
ML.A.401  Maintenance data  
(a) The person or organisation maintaining an aircraft shall on ly use 
applicable maintenance data during the performance of 
maintenance.  
(b) For the purposes of this Annex, ‘applicable maintenance’ da ta 
means:  
(1) any applicable requirement, procedure, standard or 
information issued by the competent authority or the Agency;  
(2) any applicable AD;  
(3) applicable ICA issued by type certificate holders, supple­
mentary type certificate holders and any other organisation 
that publishes such data in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) 
to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012;  
(4) any applicable data issued in accordance with point (d) of 
point 145.A.45.  
ML.A.402  Performance of maintenance  
(a) Maintenance performed by approved maintenance organisations  
shall be in accordance with Subpart F of Annex I (Part-M), 
Annex II (Part-145) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO), as applicable.  
(b) For maintenance not performed in accordance with point (a),  the 
person performing maintenance shall:  
(1) be qualified for the tasks performed, as required by this 
Annex;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 300
 
(2) ensure that the area in which maintenance is carried out is  
well organised and clean with no dirt or contamination;  
(3) use the methods, techniques, standards and instructions 
specified in the maintenance data referred to in 
point ML.A.401;  
(4) use the tools, equipment and material specified in the main ­
tenance data referred to in point ML.A.401. If necessary, 
tools and equipment shall be controlled and calibrated to an 
officially recognised standard;  
(5) ensure that maintenance is performed within any environ­
mental limitations specified in the maintenance data referred 
to in point ML.A.401;  
(6) ensure that proper facilities are used in case of inclement  
weather or lengthy maintenance;  
(7) ensure that the risk of multiple errors during maintenance 
and the risk of errors being repeated in identical main­
tenance tasks are minimised;  
(8) ensure that an error-capturing method is implemented after 
the performance of any critical maintenance task;  
(9) perform a general verification after completion of main­
tenance to ensure that the aircraft or component is clear of 
all tools, equipment and any extraneous parts and material, 
and that all access panels removed have been refitted;  
(10) ensure that all maintenance performed is properly recorded  
and documented.  
ML.A.403  Aircraft defects  
(a) Any aircraft defect that seriously endangers the flight saf ety shall 
be rectified before further flight.  
(b) The following persons may decide that a defect does not 
seriously endanger flight safety, and may defer it accordingly:  
(1) the pilot in respect of defects affecting non-required airc raft 
equipment;  
(2) the pilot, when using the minimum equipment list, in respec t 
of defects affecting required aircraft equipment — otherwise, 
these defects may only be deferred by authorised certifying 
staff;  
(3) the pilot in respect of defects other than those referred t o in points 
(b)(1) and (b)(2) if all the following conditions are met:  
(i) the aircraft is operated under Annex VII to Regulation (EU)  
No 965/2012 (Part-NCO) or, in the case of balloons or sail­
planes, not operated under Subpart-ADD of Annex II (Part- 
BOP) to Regulation (EU) 2018/395 or not following Subpart 
DEC of Annex II (Part-SAO) to Regulation (EU) 2018/1976;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 301
 
(ii) the pilot defers the defect with the agreement of the 
aircraft owner or, if applicable, of the contracted 
CAMO or CAO;  
(4) the appropriately qualified certifying staff in respect of other 
defects than those referred to in points (b)(1) and (b)(2), 
where the conditions referred to in point 3(i) and (ii) are 
not met.  
(c) Any aircraft defect that does not seriously hazard flight s afety 
shall be rectified as soon as practicable from the date on whic h 
the defect was first identified and within the limits specified  in 
the maintenance data.  
(d) Any defect not rectified before flight shall be recorded in  the 
aircraft continuing airworthiness record system referred to in 
point ML.A.305 and a record shall be available to the pilot.  
SUBPART E  
COMPONENTS  
ML.A.501  Classification and installation  
(a) Unless otherwise specified in Subpart F of Annex I (Part-M) , 
Annex II (Part-145), Annex Vd (Part-CAO) to this Regulation 
and Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, 
component may be fitted only if all of the following conditions  
are met:  
(i) it is in a satisfactory condition;  
(ii) has been appropriately released to service using an EASA 
Form 1 as set out in Appendix II of Annex I (Part-M), or 
equivalent;  
(iii) has been marked in accordance with Subpart Q of Annex I 
(Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(b) Prior to the installation of a component on an aircraft, th e person 
or approved maintenance organisation shall ensure that the 
particular component is eligible to be fitted if different modi fi­
cations or AD configurations are applicable.  
(c) Standard parts shall only be fitted to an aircraft or compo nent 
when the maintenance data specifies those particular standard 
parts. Standard parts shall only be fitted when accompanied by 
evidence of conformity to the applicable standard and has appro ­
priate traceability.  
(d) Raw or consumable material shall only be used on an aircraf t or 
component provided that:  
(i) the aircraft or component manufacturer allows for the use o f 
raw or consumable material in relevant maintenance data or 
as specified in Subpart F of Annex I (Part-M), Annex II 
(Part-145) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO).  
(ii) such material meets the required material specification an d 
has appropriate traceability.  
(iii) such material is accompanied by documentation clearly 
relating to the particular material and containing 
a conformity-to-specification statement as well as the manu­
facturing and supplier source.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 302
 
(e) In case of balloons, where different combinations of basket s, 
burners and fuel cylinders are possible for a particular 
envelope, the person installing them shall ensure that:  
(1) the basket, burner and/or fuel cylinders are eligible for i nstal­
lation according to the TCDS or other documents referred to 
in the TCDS;  
(2) the basket, burner and/or fuel cylinders are in serviceable  
condition and have the appropriate maintenance records.  
ML.A.502  Component maintenance  
(a) Components accepted by the owner in accordance with point ( c) 
of point 21.A.307 of Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012 shall be maintained by any person or organisation, 
subject to reacceptance by the owner under the conditions of 
point 21.A.307(c) of that Annex. This maintenance is not 
eligible for the issuance of an EASA Form 1, as set out in 
Appendix II of Annex I (Part-M), and shall be subject to the 
aircraft release requirements.  
(b) Components shall be released in accordance with the followi ng 
table:  
Released using an EASA Form 1  (as set 
out in Appendix II of Annex I (Part-M))  Released at aircraft level per 
point ML.A.801 (not possible to issue an 
EASA Form 1)  
Components maintained in accordance with  component maintenance data (data issued by the 
component manufacturer)  
Maintenance other 
than overhaul  Engine-rated (for engine) or 
component-rated (for other 
components) maintenance organis­
ations  (i) Aircraft-rated maintenance organi­
sations; and/or 
(ii) independent certifying staff  
Overhaul of 
components other 
than engines and 
propellers  Component-rated maintenance organ­
isations  Not possible  
Overhaul of engines 
and propellers for 
CS-VLA, CS-22 and 
LSA aircraft  Engine-rated (for engine) or 
component-rated (for propeller) main­
tenance organisations  (iii) Aircraft-rated maintenance organi­
sations; and/or 
(iv) independent certifying staff  
Overhaul of engines 
and propellers for 
other than CS-VLA, 
CS-22 and LSA 
aircraft  Engine-rated (for engine) or 
component-rated (for propeller) main­
tenance organisations  Not possible  
Components maintained in accordance with  aircraft maintenance data (data issued by the aircraft 
manufacturer)  
All components and 
all types of main ­
tenance  Engine-rated (for engine) or 
component-rated (for other 
components) maintenance organis­
ations  — Aircraft-rated maintenance organi­
sations; and/or 
— independent certifying staff  
ML.A.503  Service-life-limited components  
(a) The term ‘service life-limited components’ contains the fol lowing 
components:  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 303
 
(1) components subject to a certified life limit after which th e 
components should be retired, and;  
(2) components subject to a service life limit after which the 
components shall undergo maintenance to restore their 
serviceability.  
(b) Installed service-life-limited components shall not exceed the 
approved service life limit as specified in the AMP and ADs, 
except as provided for in point ML.A.504(c).  
(c) The approved service life is expressed in calendar time, fl ight 
hours, landings or cycles, as appropriate.  
(d) At the end of the approved service life limit, the componen t must 
be removed from the aircraft for maintenance, or for disposal i n 
the case of components with a certified life limit.  
ML.A.504  Control of unserviceable components  
(a) A component shall be considered unserviceable in any of the  
following circumstances:  
(1) expiry of the component's service life limit as defined in the 
AMP;  
(2) non-compliance with the applicable ADs and other 
continued-airworthiness requirement mandated by the 
Agency;  
(3) absence of the necessary information to determine the 
airworthiness status of the component or its eligibility for 
installation;  
(4) evidence of component defects or malfunctions;  
(5) component involvement in an incident or accident likely to 
affect its serviceability.  
(b) Unserviceable components shall be identified as one of the 
following:  
(1) unserviceable and stored in a secure location under the 
control of an approved maintenance organisation or inde­
pendent certifying staff until a decision is made on the 
future status of such components;  
(2) unserviceable by the person or organisation that declared t he 
component unserviceable, and its custody shall be transferred 
to the aircraft owner after documenting such transfer in 
aircraft maintenance record system referred to in 
point ML.A.305.  
(c) Components which have reached their certified life limit or  
contain a non-repairable defect or malfunction shall be classif ied 
as unsalvageable and shall not be permitted to re-enter the 
component supply system unless certified life limits have been 
extended or a repair solution has been approved in accordance 
with point ML.A.304.  
(d) Any person or organisation responsible pursuant to 
point ML.A.201 shall in the case of an unsalvageable component,  
as provided for in point (c), take one of the following actions : 
(1) retain such component in a location referred to in point (b )(1); ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 304
 
(2) arrange for the component to be mutilated in a manner that 
ensures that it is beyond economic salvage or repair before 
relinquishing responsibility for such a component.  
(e) Notwithstanding point (d), a person or organisation respons ible 
pursuant to point ML.A.201 may transfer responsibility of 
components classified as unsalvageable without mutilation to an  
organisation for training or research.  
SUBPART H  
CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE (CRS)  
ML.A.801  Aircraft certificate of release to service  
(a) A CRS shall be issued after the required maintenance has be en 
carried out properly on an aircraft.  
(b) The CRS shall be issued, alternatively by:  
(1) appropriate certifying staff on behalf of the approved main ­
tenance organisation;  
(2) independent certifying staff;  
(3) the pilot- owner in compliance with point ML.A.803.  
(c) By derogation from point (b), in the case of unforeseen cir cum­
stances, when an aircraft is grounded at a location where no 
appropriately approved maintenance organisation and no appro­
priate certifying staff are available, the owner may authorise any 
person, with no less than 3 years of appropriate maintenance 
experience and holding the proper qualifications, to maintain 
the aircraft according to the standards set out in Subpart D of  
this Annex and release the aircraft. The owner shall in that ca se: 
(1) obtain and keep in the aircraft records, details of all the  work 
carried out and of the qualifications held by the person 
issuing the certification;  
(2) ensure that any such maintenance is rechecked and released 
in accordance with point (b) of point ML.A.801 at the earliest 
opportunity and within a period not exceeding 7 days or, in 
the case of aircraft operated under Annex VII to 
Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 (Part-NCO) or, in the case 
of balloons, not operated under Subpart-ADD of Annex II 
(Part-BOP) to Regulation (EU) 2018/395 or, in the case of 
sailplanes not following Subpart DEC of Annex II (Part- 
SAO) to Regulation (EU) 2018/1976, within a period not 
exceeding 30 days;  
(3) notify the contracted CAMO or CAO, or the competent 
authority in the absence of such a contract, within 7 days 
of the issuance of such authorisation.  
(d) In the case of a release to service in accordance with poin ts (b)(1) 
or (b)(2), the certifying staff may be assisted in performing t he 
maintenance tasks by one or more persons subject to his direct 
and continuous control;  
(e) A CRS shall contain at least:  
(1) basic details of the maintenance carried out;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 305
 
(2) the date on which the maintenance was completed;  
(3) the identity of the organisation or person issuing the rele ase 
to service, including, alternatively:  
(i) the approval reference of the maintenance organisation 
and certifying staff issuing the CRS;  
(ii) in the case of point (b)(2), the identity and, if applicab le, 
the licence number of the independent certifying staff 
issuing the CRS;  
(4) the limitations to airworthiness or operations, if any.  
(f) By derogation from point (a) and notwithstanding point (g),  when 
the required maintenance cannot be completed, a CRS may be 
issued within the approved aircraft limitations. In that case, the 
CRS shall indicate that the maintenance could not be completed,  
as well as indicate any applicable airworthiness or operations 
limitations, as part of the information required in point (e)(4 ). 
(g) A CRS shall not be issued in the case of any known 
non-compliance with the requirements of this Annex which 
endangers flight safety.  
ML.A.802  Component certificate of release to service  
(a) A component CRS shall be issued after the required maintena nce 
has been carried out properly on an aircraft component in 
accordance with point ML.A.502.  
(b) The authorised release certificate identified as EASA Form 1, as 
set out Appendix II of Annex I (Part-M), constitutes the 
component CRS, except when such maintenance is released at 
aircraft level, as indicated in point ML.A.502(b).  
ML.A.803  Pilot-owner authorisation  
(a) To qualify as a pilot-owner, the person must:  
(1) hold a valid pilot licence or equivalent licence issued or 
validated by a Member State for the aircraft type or class 
rating;  
(2) own the aircraft, either as a sole or joint owner; that own er 
must be, alternatively:  
(i) one of the natural persons on the registration form;  
(ii) a member of a non-profit recreational legal entity, where 
the legal entity is specified on the registration document 
as owner or operator; that member must be directly 
involved in the decision-making process of the legal 
entity and designated by that legal entity to carry out 
Pilot-owner maintenance.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 306
 
(b) For aircraft operated under Annex VII (Part-NCO) to 
Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 or, in the case of balloons, not 
operated under Subpart-ADD of Annex II (Part-BOP) to 
Regulation (EU) 2018/395 or, in the case of sailplanes, not 
following Subpart DEC of Annex II (Part-SAO) to 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1976, the pilot-owner may issue a CRS 
after limited Pilot-owner maintenance as provided for in 
Appendix II to this Annex.  
(c) The CRS shall be entered in the logbooks and contain basic 
details of the maintenance carried out, the maintenance data 
used, the date on which that maintenance was completed, as 
well as the identity, the signature and the pilot licence (or 
equivalent) number of the pilot-owner issuing such a certificat e. 
SUBPART I  
AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE (‘ARC’)  
ML.A.901  Aircraft airworthiness review  
▼M11  
To ensure the validity of the aircraft airworthiness certificat e, an 
airworthiness review of the aircraft and its continuing airwort hiness 
records shall be carried out periodically.  
▼C1 
(a) An ARC is issued in accordance with Appendix IV (EASA 
Form 15c) to this Annex upon completion of a satisfactory 
airworthiness review. The ARC shall be valid for 1 year;  
(b) The airworthiness review and the issuance of the ARC shall be 
performed in accordance with point ML.A.903, alternatively by:  
(1) the competent authority;  
(2) an appropriately approved CAMO or CAO;  
▼M8 
(3) the approved maintenance organisation while performing the 
100-h/annual inspection contained in the AMP;  
(4) for aircraft operated under Annex VII (Part-NCO) to 
Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 or, in the case of balloons, 
not operated under Subpart-ADD of Annex II (Part-BOP) 
to Regulation (EU) 2018/395 (  1 ) or, in the case of sailplanes, 
not following Subpart DEC of Annex II (Part-SAO) to 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1976 (  2 ), the independent certifying 
staff while performing the 100-h/annual inspection 
contained in the AMP, when holding:  
▼C1 
(i) a licence issued in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) 
rated for the corresponding aircraft or, if Annex III  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 307  
( 1 ) Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/395 of 13 March 2018 laying d own detailed rules for 
the operation of balloons pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/20 08 of the European 
Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 71, 14.3.2018, p. 10). 
( 2 ) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1976 of 14 Decem ber 2018 laying 
down detailed rules for the operation of sailplanes pursuant to  Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 3 26, 20.12.2018, p. 64).
 (Part-66) is not applicable to the particular aircraft, a 
national certifying-staff qualification valid for that 
aircraft;  
(ii) an authorisation issued by, alternatively:  
(A) the competent authority who issued the licence 
issued in accordance with Annex III (Part-66),  
(B) if Annex III (Part-66)is not applicable, the competent 
authority responsible for the national certifying-staff 
qualification.  
Independent certifying staff holding a licence issued in 
accordance with Annex III (Part-66), may perform 
airworthiness reviews and issue the ARC for aircraft 
registered in any Member State. However, independent 
certifying staff holding a national qualification shall only 
perform airworthiness reviews and issue the ARC for 
aircraft registered in the Member State responsible for the 
national qualification.  
ARCs issued by independent certifying staff holding a 
national qualification shall not benefit from mutual recog­
nition when transferring the aircraft to another Member State.  
Whenever circumstances reveal the existence of a potential safe ty 
threat, the competent authority shall carry out the airworthine ss 
review and issue the ARC itself.  
(c) The validity of an ARC may be extended maximum two 
consecutive times, for a period of one year each time, by an 
appropriately approved CAMO or CAO, subject to the 
following conditions:  
(1) the aircraft has been continuously managed for the previous  
12 months by this CAMO or CAO;  
(2) the aircraft has been maintained for the previous 12 months  
by approved maintenance organisations; this includes 
pilot-owner maintenance tasks carried out and released to 
service either by the pilot-owner or by independent certifying 
staff;  
(3) the CAMO or CAO does not have any evidence or reason to 
believe that the aircraft is not airworthy.  
This extension by the CAMO or CAO is possible regardless of 
which staff or organisation, as provided for in point (b), init ially 
issued the ARC.  
(d) By derogation from point (c), the extension of the ARC may be 
anticipated for a maximum period of 30 days, without loss of 
continuity of the airworthiness review pattern, to ensure the a vail­
ability of the aircraft in order to place the original ARC on b oard.  
(e) When the competent authority carries out the airworthiness 
review and issues the ARC itself, the owner shall provide the 
competent authority with:  
(1) the documentation required by the competent authority;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 308
 
(2) suitable accommodation at the appropriate location for its 
personnel;  
(3) when necessary, the support of appropriate certifying staff . 
ML.A.902  Validity of the airworthiness review certificate  
(a) An ARC becomes invalid if, alternatively:  
(1) it is suspended or revoked;  
(2) the airworthiness certificate is suspended or revoked;  
(3) the aircraft is not in the aircraft register of a Member St ate; 
(4) the type certificate under which the airworthiness certific ate 
was issued is suspended or revoked.  
(b) An aircraft shall not fly if the ARC is invalid or if any o f the 
following circumstances are present:  
(1) the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft or any compone nt 
fitted to the aircraft does not meet the requirements of this 
Annex;  
(2) the aircraft does not remain in conformity with the type 
design approved by the Agency;  
(3) the aircraft has been operated beyond the limitations of th e 
approved flight manual or airworthiness certificate, without 
appropriate action being taken;  
(4) the aircraft has been involved in an accident or incident t hat 
affects the airworthiness of the aircraft, without subsequent 
appropriate action to restore airworthiness;  
(5) a modification or repair to the aircraft or any component 
fitted to the aircraft is not in compliance with Annex I 
(Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(c) Upon surrender or revocation, the ARC shall be returned to the 
competent authority.  
ML.A.903  Airworthiness review process  
(a) To satisfy the requirement for the airworthiness review of an 
aircraft referred to in point ML.A.901, the airworthiness revie w 
staff shall perform a documented review of the aircraft records  to 
verify that:  
(1) airframe, engine and propeller flying hours and associated 
flight cycles have been properly recorded;  
(2) the flight manual is applicable to the aircraft configurati on 
and reflects the latest revision status;  
(3) all the maintenance due on the aircraft according to the 
AMP has been carried out;  
(4) all known defects have been corrected or deferred in a 
controlled manner;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 309
 
(5) all applicable ADs have been applied and properly 
registered;  
(6) all modifications and repairs made to the aircraft have bee n 
registered and are in compliance with Annex I (Part-21) to 
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012;  
(7) all service-life-limited components installed on the aircra ft 
are properly identified, registered and have not exceeded 
their approved service life limit;  
(8) all maintenance has been certified in accordance with this 
Annex;  
(9) if required, the current mass-and-balance statement reflect s 
the configuration of the aircraft and is valid;  
(10) the aircraft complies with the latest revision of its type  
design approved by the Agency;  
(11) if required, the aircraft holds a noise certificate corre­
sponding to the current configuration of the aircraft in 
compliance with Subpart I of Annex I (Part-21) to Regu­
lation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(b) The airworthiness review staff referred to in point (a) sha ll carry 
out a physical survey of the aircraft. For this survey, 
airworthiness review staff not appropriately qualified under 
Annex III (Part-66) shall be assisted by such qualified personn el. 
(c) Through the physical survey of the aircraft, the airworthin ess 
review staff shall ensure that:  
(1) all required markings and placards are properly installed;  
(2) the aircraft complies with its approved flight manual;  
(3) the aircraft configuration complies with the approved 
documentation;  
(4) no evident defect can be found that has not been addressed 
according to point ML.A.403;  
(5) no inconsistencies can be found between the aircraft and th e 
documented review of records as referred to in point (a).  
(d) By derogation from point ML.A.901(a), the airworthiness rev iew 
may be anticipated for a maximum period of 90 days, without 
loss of continuity of the airworthiness review pattern, so as t o 
allow the physical review to take place during a maintenance 
check.  
(e) The ARC (EASA Form 15c) set out to in Appendix IV shall onl y 
be issued:  
(1) by appropriately authorised airworthiness review staff;  
(2) when the airworthiness review has been completely carried 
out, all findings have been closed;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 310
 
(3) when any discrepancy found in the AMP in accordance with 
point (h) has been satisfactorily addressed.  
(f) A copy of any ARC issued or extended for an aircraft shall be 
sent to the Member State of registry of that aircraft within 10  
days.  
(g) Airworthiness review tasks shall not be subcontracted.  
(h) The effectiveness of the AMP may be reviewed in conjunction  
with the airworthiness review in accordance with point (c)(9) o f 
point ML.A.302. This review shall be completed by the person 
who performed the airworthiness review. If the review shows 
deficiencies of the aircraft linked with deficiencies in the 
content of the AMP, the AMP shall be amended accordingly. 
The person performing the review shall inform the competent 
authority of the Member State of registry if he does not agree 
with the measures amending the AMP taken by the owner, 
CAMO or CAO. In such case the competent authority shall 
decide which amendments to the AMP are necessary, raising 
the corresponding findings defined in point ML.B.903 and, if 
necessary, reacting in accordance with point ML.B.304.  
ML.A.904  Qualification of airworthiness review staff  
(a) Airworthiness review staff acting on behalf of the competen t 
authority shall be qualified in accordance with point ML.B.902.  
▼M8 
(b) Airworthiness review staff acting on behalf of an organisat ion 
referred to in Subpart F or Subpart G of Annex I (Part-M), 
Annex II (Part-145), Annex Vc (Part-CAMO) or Annex Vd 
(Part-CAO) shall be qualified in accordance with Subpart F or 
Subpart G of Annex I (Part-M), Annex II (Part-145), Annex Vc 
(Part-CAMO) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO), respectively.  
▼C1 
(c) Airworthiness review staff acting on their own behalf, as 
permitted pursuant to point ML.A.901(b)(4), shall:  
(1) hold a licence issued in accordance with Annex III (Part-66 ) 
rated for the corresponding aircraft or, if Annex III (Part-66)  
is not applicable to the particular aircraft, hold a national 
certifying-staff qualification valid for that aircraft; and  
(2) hold an authorisation issued by, alternatively:  
(i) the competent authority who issued the licence in 
accordance with Annex III (Part-66);  
(ii) if Annex III (Part-66) is not applicable, the competent 
authority responsible for the national certifying-staff 
qualification.  
(d) The authorisation required under point (c)(2) shall be issu ed by 
the competent authority when:  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 311
 
(1) the competent authority has assessed that the person has th e 
knowledge of the parts of this Annex relevant to 
continuing-airworthiness management, performance of 
airworthiness reviews and issuance of ARCs;  
(2) the person has satisfactorily performed an airworthiness 
review under the supervision of the competent authority.  
This authorisation shall remain valid for a duration of 5 years  as 
long as the holder has performed at least 1 airworthiness revie w 
every 12-months. If this is not the case, a new airworthiness 
review shall be satisfactorily performed under the supervision 
of the competent authority.  
Upon expiration of its validity, the authorisation shall be ren ewed 
for another 5 years subject to a new compliance with points 
(d)(1) and (d)(2). There is no limit to the number of renewals.  
The holder of the authorisation shall keep records of all the 
airworthiness reviews performed and shall make them available, 
upon request, to any competent authority and to any aircraft 
owner for whom they are performing an airworthiness review.  
This authorisation may be revoked by the competent authority at  
any time if it is not satisfied with the competence of the hold er or 
with the use of such an authorisation.  
ML.A.905  Transfer of aircraft registration within the Union  
(a) When transferring an aircraft registration within the Union , the 
applicant shall:  
(1) first, provide the former Member State with the name of the  
Member State in which the aircraft will be registered;  
(2) and subsequently apply to the new Member State for the 
issuance of a new airworthiness certificate in accordance 
with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(b) Notwithstanding point (a)(3) of point ML.A.902, the former ARC 
shall remain valid until its expiry date, except when the ARC w as 
issued by independent certifying staff holding a national 
certifying-staff qualification in accordance with point (b)(4) of 
point ML.A.901, in which case point ML.A.906 shall apply.  
(c) Notwithstanding points (a) and (b), in those cases where th e 
aircraft was in a non-airworthy condition in the former Member 
State or where the airworthiness status of the aircraft cannot be 
determined using the existing records, point ML.A.906 shall 
apply.  
ML.A.906  Airworthiness review of aircraft imported into the Union  
(a) ►M12  When importing an aircraft into a Member State’s 
register from a third country or from a regulatory system where  
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 does not apply, the applicant 
shall: ◄  
(1) apply to the competent authority of the Member State of 
registry for the issuance of a new airworthiness certificate 
in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) 
No 748/2012;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 312
 
(2) for aircraft other than new, have an airworthiness review 
carried out satisfactorily in accordance with point ML.A.901;  
(3) have all maintenance carried out to comply with the approve d 
or declared AMP.  
(b) If the aircraft complies with the relevant requirements, th e 
competent authority, the CAMO or CAO, the maintenance organ­
isation or the independent certifying staff performing the 
airworthiness review, as provided for in point (b) of 
point ML.A.901, shall issue an ARC and shall submit a copy 
to the competent authority of the Member State of registry.  
(c) The owner shall allow access to the aircraft for inspection  by the 
competent authority of the Member State of registry.  
(d) A new airworthiness certificate shall be issued by the comp etent 
authority of the Member State of registry if the aircraft compl ies 
with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
ML.A.907  Findings  
(a) Findings are categorised as follows:  
(1) A Level 1 finding is any finding of significant 
non-compliance with the requirements of this Annex which 
lowers the safety standard and seriously endangers flight 
safety.  
(2) A Level 2 finding is any finding of non-compliance with the  
requirements of this Annex which may lower the safety 
standard and may endanger flight safety.  
(b) After receipt of notification of findings in accordance wit h 
point ML.B.903, the person or organisation, having responsi­
bilities pursuant to point ML.A.201, shall define and demonstra te 
to the competent authority within a period agreed with this 
authority a corrective action plan, aimed at preventing reoc­
currence of the finding and its root cause.  
SECTION B  
PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES  
SUBPART A  
GENERAL  
ML.B.101  Scope  
This Section establishes the administrative requirements to be 
followed by the competent authorities in charge of the implemen ­
tation and enforcement of Section A of this Annex.  
ML.B.102  Competent authority  
(a) General  
A Member State shall designate a competent authority with alloc ated 
responsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspen sion or 
revocation of certificates and for the oversight of continuing 
airworthiness. This competent authority shall establish documen ted 
procedures and an organisational structure.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 313
 
(b) Resources  
The number of staff shall be appropriate to satisfy the require ments 
detailed in this Section.  
(c) Qualification and training  
All staff involved in activities covered by this Annex shall be  appro­
priately qualified and have appropriate knowledge, experience, initial 
and continuation training to perform their allocated tasks.  
(d) Procedures  
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing ho w 
compliance with this Annex is achieved.  
The procedures shall be reviewed and amended to ensure continue d 
compliance.  
ML.B.104  Record-keeping  
(a) The competent authority shall establish a system of 
record-keeping that allows adequate traceability of the process  
for issuing, continuing, changing, suspending or revoking each 
certificate and authorisation.  
(b) The records for the oversight of each aircraft shall includ e, as a 
minimum, a copy of:  
(1) the aircraft certificate of airworthiness;  
(2) ARCs;  
(3) reports from the airworthiness reviews carried out directly  by 
the Member State;  
(4) all relevant correspondence relating to the aircraft;  
(5) details of any exemption and enforcement action(s);  
(6) any document approved by the competent authority pursuant 
to this Annex or Regulation (EU) No 965/2012.  
(c) The records specified in point (b) shall be retained until 2 years 
after the aircraft has been permanently withdrawn from service.  
(d) All records specified in point ML.B.104 shall be made avail able 
to any other Member State or the Agency upon their request.  
ML.B.105  Mutual exchange of information  
(a) In order to contribute to the improvement of aviation safet y, the 
competent authorities shall participate in a mutual exchange of  all 
the necessary information in accordance with Article 72 of Regu ­
lation (EC) 2018/1139.  
(b) Without prejudice to the competences of the Member States, in 
the case of a potential safety threat involving several Member 
States, the competent authorities concerned shall assist each o ther 
in carrying out the necessary oversight action.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 314
 
SUBPART B  
ACCOUNTABILITY  
ML.B.201  Responsibilities  
The competent authority referred to in point (b) of point ML.1 shall 
be responsible for conducting inspections and investigations in  order 
to verify that the requirements of this Annex are complied with . 
SUBPART C  
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS  
ML.B.302  Exemptions  
All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 71 of Regu­
lation (EC) 2018/1139 shall be recorded and retained by the 
competent authority.  
ML.B.303  Aircraft continuing airworthiness monitoring  
(a) The competent authority shall develop a survey programme 
following a risk-based approach to monitor the airworthiness 
status of the fleet of aircraft on its register.  
(b) A survey programme shall include sample product surveys of 
aircraft and shall cover all aspects of airworthiness key risk 
elements.  
(c) A sample product survey shall sample the airworthiness stan dards 
achieved, on the basis of the applicable requirements, and 
identify any findings.  
(d) Any findings identified shall be categorised in accordance with 
point ML.B.903 and confirmed in writing to the person or organ­
isation responsible pursuant to point ML.A.201. The competent 
authority shall have a procedure in place to analyse findings a s 
for their safety significance.  
(e) The competent authority shall record all findings and closu re 
actions.  
(f) If during aircraft monitoring, evidence is found showing 
non-compliance with this or other Annexes, the finding shall be  
dealt with as provided for by the relevant Annex.  
(g) If so required to ensure appropriate enforcement action, th e 
competent authority shall exchange information on 
non-compliances identified in accordance with point (f) with 
other competent authorities.  
ML.B.304  Revocation, suspension and limitation  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend an ARC on reasonable grounds in the case of a poten tial 
safety threat; or  
(b) suspend or revoke an ARC pursuant to point (a) of 
point ML.B.903.  
The competent authority who issued the airworthiness review aut h­
orisation pursuant to point (c) of point ML.A.904 for independe nt 
certifying staff shall revoke such authorisation if the holder shows 
poor performance of the airworthiness review or uses such autho ris­
ation in inappropriate manner.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 315
 
SUBPART I  
AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE (‘ARC’)  
ML.B.902  Airworthiness review by the competent authority  
(a) When the competent authority carries out the airworthiness 
review and issues the ARC set out in Appendix IV to this 
Annex (EASA Form 15c), the competent authority shall carry 
out an airworthiness review in accordance with point ML.A.903.  
(b) The competent authority shall have appropriate airworthines s 
review staff to carry out the airworthiness reviews. These staf f 
shall have acquired all of the following:  
(1) at least 3 years of experience in continuing airworthiness;  
(2) an appropriate licence in compliance with Annex III (Part-6 6) 
or a nationally-recognised maintenance personnel qualifi­
cation appropriate to the aircraft category (when Article 5(6) 
of Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 refers to national rules) or 
an aeronautical degree or equivalent;  
(3) an appropriate aeronautical-maintenance training;  
(4) a position that authorises that person to sign on behalf of  the 
competent authority.  
Notwithstanding points (1) to (4), the requirement of 
point ML.B.902(b)(2) may be replaced by 4 years of experience 
in continuing airworthiness, in addition to those already requi red 
by point ML.B.902(b)(1).  
(c) The competent authority shall maintain a record of all 
airworthiness review staff, which shall include details of any 
appropriate qualification held together with a summary of 
relevant continuing airworthiness management experience and 
training.  
▼M8 
(d) During the performance of the airworthiness review, the 
competent authority shall have access to the applicable data as  
specified in points ML.A.305 and ML.A.401.  
▼C1 
(e) The staff that carries out the airworthiness review shall i ssue an 
airworthiness review certificate (EASA Form 15c), as set out in  
Appendix IV, after satisfactory completion of the airworthiness  
review.  
(f) Whenever circumstances reveal the existence of a potential safety 
threat, the competent authority shall carry out the airworthine ss 
review and issue the ARC itself.  
ML.B.903  Findings  
If during aircraft surveys or by other means, evidence is found  
showing non-compliance with requirements of this Annex, the 
competent authority shall:  
(a) for Level 1 findings, require appropriate corrective action  to be 
taken before further flight, and immediately revoke or suspend 
the ARC; and  
(b) for Level 2 findings, impose the corrective action appropri ate to 
the nature of the finding.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 316
 
Appendix I  
Continuing-airworthiness management contract  
(a) When an owner contracts in accordance with point ML.A.201 a  CAMO or 
CAO to carry out continuing airworthiness management tasks, upo n request 
by the competent authority, a copy of the contract signed by bo th parties 
shall be sent by the owner to the competent authority of the Me mber State of 
registry.  
(b) The contract shall be developed taking into account the req uirements of this 
Annex and shall define the obligations of the signatories in re lation to the 
continuing airworthiness of the aircraft.  
(c) It shall contain, as a minimum the following information:  
(1) the aircraft registration, type and serial number;  
(2) the aircraft owner's or registered lessee's name or company  details 
including the address;  
(3) details of the contracted CAMO or CAO, including the addres s; 
(4) the type of operation.  
(d) It shall state the following:  
‘The owner entrusts the CAMO or CAO with the management of the 
continuing airworthiness of the aircraft, the development and a pproval of a 
maintenance programme, and the organisation of the maintenance of the 
aircraft according to said maintenance programme.  
According to the present contract, both signatories undertake t o follow the 
respective obligations of this contract.  
The owner declares, to the best of its knowledge, that all the information 
given to the CAMO or CAO concerning the continuing airworthines s of the 
aircraft is and will be accurate, and that the aircraft will no t be altered 
without prior approval of the CAMO or CAO.  
In case of any non-conformity with this contract, by either of the signatories, 
the contract will become null. In such a case, the owner will r etain full 
responsibility for every task linked to the continuing airworth iness of the 
aircraft, and the owner will inform the competent authoritie(s)  of the Member 
State of registry within 2 weeks about the termination of the c ontract.’  
(e) When an owner contracts a CAMO or CAO in accordance with 
point ML.A.201, the obligations of each party shall be assigned  as follows:  
(1) Obligations of CAMO or CAO:  
(i) have the aircraft type included in its terms of approval;  
(ii) respect all the conditions listed below with regard to mai ntaining 
the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft:  
(A) develop and approve the AMP for the aircraft;  
(B) once it has been approved, provide the owner with a copy of  
the AMP, as well as a copy of the justifications for any 
deviations from the DAH's recommendations;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 317
 
(C) organise a bridging inspection using the aircraft's prior A MP; 
(D) organise that all maintenance is carried out by an approved  
maintenance organisation or, if permitted, by independent 
certifying staff;  
(E) organise that all applicable ADs are applied;  
(F) organise that all defects discovered during maintenance, 
airworthiness reviews or reported by the owner are corrected 
by an approved maintenance organisation or, if permitted, by 
independent certifying staff;  
(G) coordinate scheduled maintenance, the application of ADs, t he 
replacement of service-life-limited parts, and component 
inspection requirements;  
(H) inform the owner each time the aircraft must be brought to an 
approved maintenance organisation or, if permitted, to inde­
pendent certifying staff;  
(I) manage and archive all technical records;  
(iii) organise the approval of any modification to the aircraft  in 
accordance with Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 (Part- 
21) before this modification is embodied;  
(iv) organise the approval of any repair to the aircraft in acc ordance 
with Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 (Part-21) before 
this repair is carried out;  
(v) inform the competent authority of the Member State of regis try 
whenever the aircraft is not presented by the owner for main­
tenance as requested by the contracted CAMO or CAO;  
(vi) inform the competent authority of the Member State of regi stry 
whenever the present contract has not been respected;  
(vii) ensure that the airworthiness review of the aircraft is c arried out, 
when necessary, and ensure that the ARC is issued;  
(viii) send within 10 days a copy of any ARC issued or extended  to the 
competent authority of the Member State of registry;  
(ix) carry out all occurrence reporting mandated by applicable 
regulations;  
(x) inform the competent authority of the Member State of regis try 
whenever the present contract is denounced by either party.  
(2) Obligations of the owner:  
(i) have a general understanding of the AMP;  
(ii) have a general understanding of this Annex;  
(iii) present the aircraft for maintenance as directed by the c ontracted 
CAMO or CAO;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 318
 
(iv) not modify the aircraft without first consulting the contr acted 
CAMO or CAO;  
(v) inform the contracted CAMO or CAO of all maintenance excep­
tionally carried out without the knowledge and control of the 
contracted CAMO or CAO;  
(vi) report to the contracted CAMO or CAO through the logbook a ll 
defects found during operations;  
(vii) inform the competent authority of the Member State of reg istry 
whenever the present contract is denounced by either party;  
(viii) inform the competent authority of the Member State of re gistry and 
the contracted CAMO or CAO whenever the aircraft is sold;  
(ix) carry out all occurrence reporting mandated by applicable 
regulations;  
(x) inform on a regular basis the contracted CAMO or CAO about the 
aircraft flying-hours and any other utilisation data, as agreed  with 
the contracted CAMO or CAO;  
(xi) enter the CRS in the logbooks, as mentioned in 
point ML.A.803(c), when performing pilot-owner maintenance;  
(xii) inform the contracted CAMO or CAO no later than 30 days a fter 
completion of any Pilot-owner maintenance task.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 319
 
Appendix II  
Limited pilot-owner maintenance  
In addition to the requirements laid down in this Annex, the pi lot-owner shall 
comply with the following basic principles before it carries ou t any maintenance 
task:  
(a) Competence and responsibility  
(1) The pilot-owner shall always be responsible for any mainten ance he 
performs.  
(2) The pilot-owner shall hold satisfactory level of competence  to perform 
the task. It is the responsibility of a pilot-owner to familiar ise himself 
with the standard maintenance practices for his aircraft and wi th the 
AMP.  
(b) Tasks  
The Pilot-owner may carry out simple visual inspections or oper ations to 
check the airframe, engines, systems and components for general  condition, 
obvious damage and normal operation.  
A maintenance task shall not be released by the pilot-owner if any of the 
following conditions occurs:  
(1) it is a critical maintenance task;  
(2) it requires the removal of major components o r a major ass embly;  
(3) it is carried out in compliance with an AD or an airworthin ess limitation 
item (ALI) unless specifically allowed in the AD or the ALI;  
(4) it requires the use of special tools or calibrated tools (e xcept for torque 
wrench and crimping tool);  
(5) it requires the use of test equipment or special testing (e .g. 
non-destructive testing (NDT), system tests or operational chec ks for 
avionics equipment);  
(6) it is composed of any unscheduled special inspections (e.g.  
heavy-landing check);  
(7) it affects systems essential for the instrumental flight ru les (IFR) 
operations;  
(8) it is a complex maintenance task in accordance with Appendi x III, or it is 
a component maintenance task in accordance with point (a) or (b ) of 
point ML.A.502;  
(9) it is part of the 100-h/annual check (for those cases the m aintenance task 
is combined with the airworthiness review performed by maintena nce 
organisations or independent certifying staff).  
The criteria referred to in points (1) to (9) cannot be overrid den by less 
restrictive instructions issued in accordance with the AMP refe rred to in 
point ML.A.302.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 320
 
Any task described in the aircraft flight manual (or other oper ational 
manuals), for example preparing the aircraft for flight (assemb ling the 
sailplane wings, or performing a preflight inspection, or assem bling a 
basket, burner, fuel cylinders and an envelope combination for a balloon, 
etc.), is not considered a maintenance task and, therefore, doe s not require a 
CRS. Nevertheless, the person assembling those parts is respons ible for 
ensuring that those parts are eligible for installation and in a serviceable 
condition.  
(c) Performance and records of the pilot-owner maintenance tasks  
The maintenance data, as specified in point ML.A.401, must alwa ys be 
available during the conduct of pilot-owner maintenance and mus t be 
complied with. Details of the data referred to in the conduct o f 
pilot-owner maintenance must be included in the CRS in accordan ce with 
point (d) of point ML.A.803.  
The pilot-owner must inform the contracted CAMO or CAO (if such  contract 
exists) about the completion of the pilot-owner maintenance tas ks no later 
than 30 days after completion of these tasks in accordance with  point (a) of 
point ML.A.305.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 321
 
Appendix III  
Complex maintenance tasks not to be released by the pilot-owner  
▼M8 
All of the following constitutes the complex maintenance tasks which, according 
to Appendix II, shall not be carried out by the pilot-owner. Th ose tasks shall be 
released either by an approved maintenance organisation or by i ndependent 
certifying staff:  
▼C1 
(a) the modification, repair or replacement by riveting, bondin g, laminating, or 
welding of any of the following airframe parts:  
(1) a box beam;  
(2) a wing stringer or chord member;  
(3) a spar;  
(4) a spar flange;  
(5) a member of a truss type beam;  
(6) the web of a beam;  
(7) a keel or chine member of a flying boat hull or a float;  
(8) a corrugated sheet compression member in a wing or tail sur face;  
(9) a wing main rib;  
(10) a wing or tail surface brace strut;  
(11) an engine mount;  
(12) a fuselage longeron or frame;  
(13) a member of a side truss, horizontal truss or bulkhead;  
(14) a seat support brace or bracket;  
(15) a seat rail replacement;  
(16) a landing-gear strut or brace strut;  
(17) an axle;  
(18) a wheel; and  
(19) a ski or ski pedestal, excluding the replacement of a low- friction 
coating;  
(b) the modification or repair of any of the following parts:  
(1) aircraft skin or the skin of an aircraft float if the work requires the use of 
a support, jig or fixture;  
(2) aircraft skin that is subject to pressurisation loads if th e damage to the 
skin measures more than 15 cm (6 in.) in any direction;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 322
 
(3) a load-bearing part of a control system, including a contro l column, 
pedal, shaft, quadrant, bell crank, torque tube, control horn a nd forged 
or cast bracket, but excluding:  
(i) the swaging of a repair splice or cable fitting; and  
(ii) the replacement of a push-pull tube end fitting that is at tached by 
riveting;  
(4) any other structure not listed in point (a) that a manufact urer has 
identified as primary structure in their maintenance manual, st ructural 
repair manual or instructions for continuing airworthiness;  
(c) the performance of all of the following maintenance on a pi ston engine:  
(1) dismantling and subsequent reassembling of a piston engine other than:  
(i) to obtain access to the piston/cylinder assemblies; or  
(ii) to remove the rear accessory cover to inspect and/or repla ce oil 
pump assemblies, where such work does not involve the removal 
and refitment of internal gears;  
(2) dismantling and subsequent reassembling of reduction gears;  
(3) welding and brazing of joints, other-than-minor weld repair s to exhaust 
units carried out by a suitably approved or authorised welder b ut 
excluding component replacement;  
(4) the disturbing of individual parts of units which are suppl ied as 
bench-tested units except for the replacement or adjustment of items 
normally replaceable or adjustable in service;  
(d) the balancing of a propeller, except:  
(1) for the certification of static balancing where required by  the main­
tenance manual; and  
(2) dynamic balancing on installed propellers using electronic balancing 
equipment where permitted by the maintenance manual or other 
approved airworthiness data;  
(e) any additional task that requires:  
(1) specialised tooling, equipment or facilities; or  
(2) significant coordination procedures because of the extensiv e duration of 
the tasks and the involvement of several persons.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 323
 
Appendix IV  
▼M11  
Airworthiness Review Certificate - EASA Form 15c  
NOTE : persons and organisations performing the airworthiness review in 
combination with the 100-h/annual inspection may use the reverse 
side of this form in order to issue the CRS referred to in point 
ML.A.801 corresponding to the 100-h/annual inspection.  
AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE (ARC) (for aircraft complying with Part-ML)  
ARC reference: …  
Pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliamen t and of the Council:  
[NAME OF THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY] (**)  
hereby certifies that:  
□......... it has performed an airworthiness review in accordan ce with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 on the 
following aircraft:  
[or] 
□......... the following new aircraft:  
Aircraft manufacturer:  Manufacturer’s designation:  
Aircraft registration:  Aircraft serial number:  
(and) is considered airworthy at the time of the review.  
Date of issue:  Date of expiry:  
Airframe flight hours (FH) at date of review (*):  
Signed:  Authorisation No (if applicable):  
[OR]  
[NAME OF APPROVED ORGANISATION, ADDRESS and APPROVAL REFERENCE]  (**)  
[or] 
[FULL NAME OF THE CERTIFYING STAFF AND PART-66 LICENCE NUMBER ( OR NATIONAL 
EQUIVALENT)] (**)  
hereby certifies that it has performed an airworthiness review in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 
on the following aircraft:  
Aircraft manufacturer:  Manufacturer’s designation:  
Aircraft registration:  Aircraft serial number:  
(and) is considered airworthy at the time of the review.  
Date of issue:  Date of expiry:  
Airframe flight hours (FH) at date of review (*):  
Signed:  Authorisation No (if applicable):  
=========================================== =================== ====================­
======  
1st extension: The aircraft complies with the conditions of ML. A.901(c) of Annex Vb (Part-ML)  
Date of issue:  Date of expiry:  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 324
 
Airframe flight hours (FH) at date of issue (*):  
Signed:  Authorisation No:  
Company name:  Approval reference:  
=========================================== =================== ====================­
======  
2nd extension: The aircraft complies with the conditions of ML. A.901(c) of Annex Vb (Part-ML)  
Date of issue:  Date of expiry:  
Airframe flight hours (FH) at date of issue (*):  
Signed:  Authorisation No:  
Company name:  Approval reference:  
(*) Except for balloons and airships  
(**) The issuer of the Form can tailor it to his need by deleti ng the name, the certifying statement, the reference to the sub ject aircraft 
and the issuance details that are not relevant for his use.  
EASA Form 15c, Issue 4.  ▼M11  02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 325
 
ANNEX Vc  
(Part-CAMO)  
CONTENTS  
SECTION A — ORGANISATION REQUIREMENTS  
CAMO.A.005 Scope  
CAMO.A.105 Competent authority  
CAMO.A.115 Application for an organisation certificate  
CAMO.A.120 Means of compliance  
CAMO.A.125  ►M8 Terms of approval and privileges of the organisation ◄  
CAMO.A.130 Changes to the organisation  
CAMO.A.135 Continued validity  
CAMO.A.140 Access  
CAMO.A.150 Findings  
CAMO.A.155 Immediate reaction to a safety problem  
CAMO.A.160 Occurrence reporting  
CAMO.A.200 Management system  
CAMO.A.202 Internal safety reporting scheme  
CAMO.A.205 Contracting and subcontracting  
CAMO.A.215 Facilities  
CAMO.A.220 Record-keeping  
CAMO.A.300  ►M8 Continuing airworthiness management exposition 
(CAME) ◄  
CAMO.A.305 Personnel requirements  
CAMO.A.310 Airworthiness review staff qualifications  
CAMO.A.315 Continuing airworthiness management  
CAMO.A.320 Airworthiness review  
CAMO.A.325 Continuing airworthiness management data  
SECTION B — AUTHORITY REQUIREMENTS  
CAMO.B.005 Scope  
CAMO.B.115 Oversight documentation  
CAMO.B.120 Means of compliance  
CAMO.B.125 Information to the Agency  
CAMO.B.135 Immediate reaction to a safety problem  
CAMO.B.200 Management system  
CAMO.B.205 Allocation of tasks to qualified entities  
CAMO.B.210 Changes in the management system  
CAMO.B.220 Record-keeping  
CAMO.B.300 Oversight principles  
CAMO.B.305 Oversight programme  
CAMO.B.310 Initial certification procedure  
CAMO.B.330 Changes  
CAMO.B.350 Findings and corrective actions  
CAMO.B.355 Suspension, limitation and revocation  
▼M8 
Appendix I — Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation C ertificate - 
EASA Form 14  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 326
 
SECTION A  
ORGANISATION REQUIREMENTS  
CAMO.A.005  Scope  
This Section establishes the requirements to be met by an organ ­
isation to qualify for the issue or continuation of a certifica te for 
the management of continuing airworthiness of an aircraft and o f 
components for installation.  
CAMO.A.105  Competent authority  
For the purpose of this Annex, the competent authority shall be : 
(a) the authority designated by the Member State where that 
organisation's principal place of business is located, if the 
approval is not included in an air operator certificate;  
(b) the authority designated by the Member State of the operato r, 
if the approval is included in an air operator certificate;  
(c) the Agency, if the organisation's principal place of busine ss is 
located in a third country.  
CAMO.A.115  Application for an organisation certificate  
(a) The application for a certificate or an amendment to an 
existing certificate in accordance with this Annex shall be 
made in a form and manner established by the competent 
authority, taking into account the applicable requirements of 
Annex I (Part-M), Annex Vb (Part-ML) and this Annex.  
(b) Applicants for an initial certificate pursuant to this 
Annex shall provide the competent authority with:  
(1) the results of a pre-audit performed by the organisation 
against the applicable requirements provided for in 
Annex I (Part-M), Annex Vb (Part-ML) and this Annex;  
(2) documentation demonstrating how they will comply with 
the requirements established in this Regulation.  
Such documentation shall include, as provided for in 
point CAMO.A.130, a procedure describing how changes 
not requiring prior approval will be managed and notified 
to the competent authority.  
CAMO.A.120  Means of compliance  
(a) Alternative means of compliance to the AMC adopted by the 
Agency may be used by an organisation to establish 
compliance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its 
delegated and implementing acts.  
(b) When an organisation wishes to use an alternative means of 
compliance, it shall, prior to using it, provide the competent 
authority with a full description of the alternative means of 
compliance. The description shall include any revisions to 
manuals or procedures that may be relevant, as well as an 
assessment demonstrating compliance with Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing acts.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 327
 
The organisation may use these alternative means of 
compliance subject to prior approval by the competent 
authority, and upon receipt of the notification as provided 
for in point CAMO.B.120.  
CAMO.A.125  Terms of approval and privileges of the organisation  
(a) The approval is indicated on the certificate, which is incl uded 
in Appendix I, and is issued by the competent authority.  
(b) Notwithstanding point (a), for air carriers licensed in 
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the 
approval shall be part of the air operator certificate issued 
by the competent authority for the aircraft operated.  
(c) The scope of work shall be specified in the continuing 
airworthiness management exposition (CAME) in accordance 
with point CAMO.A.300.  
(d) An organisation approved in accordance with this 
Annex may:  
(1) manage the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, except 
those used by air carriers licensed in accordance with 
Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, as listed on the 
certificate;  
(2) manage the continuing airworthiness of aircraft used by 
air carriers licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, when listed both on its certificate and on 
its air operator certificate;  
(3) arrange to carry out limited continuing airworthiness tasks  
with any subcontracted organisation, working under its 
management system, as listed on the certificate;  
▼M8 
(4) extend an airworthiness review certificate under the 
conditions of point M.A.901(f) of Annex I (Part-M) or 
point ML.A.901(c) of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable.  
(5) approve the AMP, in accordance with point (b)(2) of 
point ML.A.302, for aircraft managed in accordance 
with Annex Vb (Part-ML).  
▼C1 
(e) An organisation approved in accordance with this Annex and 
having its principal place of business in one of the Member 
States, may additionally be approved to carry out 
airworthiness reviews in accordance with point M.A.901 of 
Annex I (Part-M) or point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb (Part-ML) 
as applicable, and:  
▼M8 
(1) issue the related airworthiness review certificate and 
extend it in due time under the conditions of 
point M.A.901(c)(2) and point M.A.901(e)(2) of 
Annex I (Part-M) or point ML.A.901(c) of Annex Vb 
(Part-ML), as applicable;  
▼C1 
(2) issue a recommendation for the airworthiness review to 
the competent authority of the Member State of registry, 
under the conditions of point (d) of point M.A.901 or 
point (b) of point M.A.904 of Annex I (Part-M).  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 328
 
(f) An organisation holding the privileges referred to in point  (e) 
may additionally be approved to issue a permit to fly in 
accordance with point (d) of point 21.A.711 of Annex I 
(Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 for the particular 
aircraft for which the organisation is approved to issue the 
airworthiness review certificate, when the organisation is 
attesting conformity with approved flight conditions, subject 
to an adequate procedure in the CAME referred to in 
point CAMO.A.300.  
CAMO.A.130  Changes to the organisation  
(a) The following changes to the organisation shall require pri or 
approval:  
(1) changes that affect the scope of the certificate or the 
terms of approval of the organisation;  
(2) changes to personnel nominated in accordance with points 
(a)(3) to (a)(5) and (b)(2) of point CAMO.A.305;  
(3) changes to the reporting lines between the personnel 
nominated in accordance with points (a)(3) to (a)(5) and 
(b)(2) of point CAMO.A.305, and the accountable 
manager;  
(4) the procedure as regards changes not requiring prior 
approval referred to in point (c).  
(b) For any changes requiring prior approval in accordance with  
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implemen­
ting acts, the organisation shall apply for and obtain an 
approval issued by the competent authority. The application 
shall be submitted before any such change takes place, in 
order to enable the competent authority to determine 
continued compliance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and 
its delegated and implementing acts and to amend, if 
necessary, the organisation certificate and related terms of 
approval attached to it.  
The organisation shall provide the competent authority with 
any relevant documentation.  
The change shall only be implemented upon receipt of formal 
approval by the competent authority in accordance with 
point CAMO.B.330.  
The organisation shall operate under the conditions estab­
lished by the competent authority during such changes, as 
applicable.  
(c) All changes not requiring prior approval shall be managed 
and notified to the competent authority as defined in the 
procedure referred to in point (b) of point CAMO.A.115 
and approved by the competent authority in accordance 
with point (h) of point CAMO.B.310.  
CAMO.A.135  Continued validity  
(a) The organisation's certificate shall remain valid subject t o 
compliance with all of the following conditions:  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 329
 
(1) the organisation remaining in compliance with 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and imple­
menting acts, taking into account the provisions related to 
the handling of findings as specified under 
point CAMO.B.350;  
(2) the competent authority being granted access to the 
organisation as specified in point CAMO.A.140;  
(3) the certificate not being surrendered or revoked.  
(b) For air carriers licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC ) 
No 1008/2008, termination, suspension or revocation of the 
air operator certificate automatically invalidates the organis­
ation certificate in relation to the aircraft registrations 
specified in the air operator certificate, unless otherwise 
explicitly stated by the competent authority.  
(c) Upon revocation or surrender, the certificate shall be retu rned 
to the competent authority without delay.  
CAMO.A.140  Access  
For the purpose of determining compliance with the relevant 
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated 
and implementing acts, the organisation shall grant access at 
any time to any facility, aircraft, document, records, data, 
procedures or any other material relevant to its activity subje ct 
to certification, whether it is contracted/subcontracted or not , to 
any person authorised by one of the following authorities:  
(a) the competent authority defined in point CAMO.A.105;  
(b) the authority acting under the provisions of point (d) of 
point CAMO.B.300 or point (e) of point CAMO.B.300.  
CAMO.A.150  Findings  
(a) After receipt of notification of findings according to 
point CAMO.B.350, the organisation shall:  
(1) identify the root cause or causes of and contributing 
factors to the non-compliance;  
(2) define a corrective action plan;  
(3) demonstrate corrective action implementation to the satis­
faction of the competent authority.  
(b) Actions referred to in points (a)(1), (a)(2) and (a)(3) sha ll be 
performed within the period agreed with that competent 
authority as defined in point CAMO.B.350.  
CAMO.A.155  Immediate reaction to a safety problem  
The organisation shall implement:  
(a) any safety measures mandated by the competent authority in 
accordance with point CAMO.B.135;  
(b) any relevant mandatory safety information issued by the 
Agency.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 330
 
CAMO.A.160  Occurrence reporting  
(a) As part of its management system the organisation shall 
implement an occurrence reporting system that meets the 
requirements defined in Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 and 
Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 (  1 ). 
(b) Without prejudice to point (a), the organisation shall ensu re 
that any incident, malfunction, technical defect, exceeding of 
technical limitations, occurrence that would highlight inac­
curate, incomplete or ambiguous information contained in 
data established in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to 
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 or other irregular circumstance 
that has or may have endangered the safe operation of the 
aircraft and that has not resulted in an accident or serious 
incident are reported to the competent authority and to the 
organisation responsible for the design of the aircraft.  
(c) Without prejudice to Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 and Im­
plementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1018, the reports referred 
to in points (a) and (b) shall be made in a form and manner 
established by the competent authority and shall contain all 
pertinent information about the condition known to the 
organisation.  
(d) Reports shall be made as soon as possible, but in any case 
within 72 hours of the organisation identifying the condition 
to which the report relates, unless exceptional circumstances 
prevent this.  
(e) Where relevant, the organisation shall produce a follow-up 
report to provide details of actions it intends to take to 
prevent similar occurrences in the future, as soon as these 
actions have been identified. This report shall be produced 
in a form and manner established by the competent authority.  
CAMO.A.200  Management system  
(a) The organisation shall establish, implement, and maintain a  
management system that includes:  
(1) clearly defined lines of responsibility and accountability 
throughout the organisation, including a direct safety 
accountability of the accountable manager;  
(2) a description of the overall philosophies and principles of  
the organisation with regard to safety, referred to as the 
safety policy;  
(3) the identification of aviation safety hazards entailed by 
the activities of the organisation, their evaluation and 
the management of associated risks, including taking 
actions to mitigate the risks and verify their effectiveness;  
(4) maintaining personnel trained and competent to perform 
their tasks;  
(5) documentation of all management system key processes, 
including a process for making personnel aware of their 
responsibilities and the procedure for amending this 
documentation;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 331  
( 1 ) Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 of 29 June 2015 laying down a list classifying occurrences 
in civil aviation to be mandatorily reported according to Regul ation (EU) No 376/2014 
of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 163, 30.6.2 015, p. 1).
 (6) a function to monitor compliance of the organisation with 
the relevant requirements. Compliance monitoring shall 
include a feedback system of findings to the accountable 
manager to ensure effective implementation of corrective 
actions as necessary;  
(7) any additional requirements that are laid down in this 
Regulation.  
(b) The management system shall correspond to the size of the 
organisation and the nature and complexity of its activities, 
taking into account the hazards and associated risks inherent 
in these activities.  
(c) Where the organisation holds one or more additional organis ­
ation certificates within the scope of Regu­
lation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing 
acts, the management system may be integrated with that 
required under the additional certificate(s) held.  
(d) Notwithstanding point (c), for air carriers licensed in 
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the 
management system provided for in this Annex shall be an 
integrated part of the operator's management system.  
CAMO.A.202  Internal safety reporting scheme  
(a) As part of its management system, the organisation shall 
establish an internal safety reporting scheme to enable the 
collection and evaluation of such occurrences to be reported 
under point CAMO.A.160.  
(b) The scheme shall also enable the collection and evaluation of 
those errors, near misses, and hazards reported internally that  
do not fall under point (a).  
(c) Through this scheme, the organisation shall:  
(1) identify the causes of and contributing factors to any 
errors, near misses, and hazards reported and address 
them as part of safety risk management in accordance 
with point (a)(3) of point CAMO.A.200;  
(2) ensure evaluation of all known, relevant information 
relating to errors, the inability to follow procedures, 
near misses, and hazards, and a method to circulate the 
information as necessary.  
(d) The organisation shall provide access to its internal safet y 
reporting scheme to any subcontracted organisation.  
(e) The organisation shall cooperate on safety investigations w ith 
any other organisation having a significant contribution to the  
safety of its own continuing airworthiness management 
activities.  
CAMO.A.205  Contracting and subcontracting  
(a) The organisation shall ensure that when contracting main­
tenance or when subcontracting any part of its continuing 
airworthiness management activities:  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 332
 
(1) these activities conform to the applicable requirements; 
and 
(2) any aviation safety hazards associated with such 
contracting or subcontracting are considered as part of 
the organisation's management system.  
(b) When the organisation subcontracts any part of its continui ng 
airworthiness management activities to another organisation, 
the subcontracted organisation shall work under the approval 
of the organisation. The organisation shall ensure that the 
competent authority is given access to the subcontracted 
organisation, to determine continued compliance with the 
applicable requirements.  
CAMO.A.215  Facilities  
The organisation shall provide suitable office accommodation at  appro­
priate locations for the personnel specified in point CAMO.A.30 5. 
CAMO.A.220  Record-keeping  
(a) Continuing airworthiness management records  
(1) The organisation shall ensure that records required by 
points M.A.305, ML.A.305 and, if applicable 
point M.A.306, are retained.  
(2) The organisation shall record all details of work carried 
out. 
(3) If the organisation has the privilege referred to in 
point (e) of point CAMO.A.125, it shall retain a copy 
of each airworthiness review certificate and recommen­
dation issued or, as applicable, extended, together with 
all supporting documents. In addition, the organisation 
shall retain a copy of any airworthiness review certificate 
that it has extended under the privilege referred to in 
point (d)(4) of point CAMO.A.125.  
(4) If the organisation has the privilege referred to in point (f) 
of point CAMO.A.125, it shall retain a copy of each 
permit to fly issued in accordance with the provisions 
of point 21.A.729 of Annex I (Part-21) to 
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(5) The organisation shall retain a copy of all records referre d 
to in points (a)(2) to (a)(4) until 3 years after the respon­
sibility for the aircraft in accordance with points M.A.201 
or ML.A.201 has been permanently transferred to another 
person or organisation.  
(6) Where the organisation terminates its operation, all 
retained records shall be transferred to the owner of the 
aircraft.  
(b) Management system, contracting and subcontracting records  
(1) The organisation shall ensure that the following records 
are retained:  
(i) records of management system key processes as 
defined in point CAMO.A.200;  
(ii) contracts, both for contracting and subcontracting, as 
defined in point CAMO.A.205;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 333
 
(2) Management system records, as well as any contracts 
pursuant to point CAMO.A.205, shall be kept for a 
minimum period of 5 years.  
(c) Personnel records  
(1) The organisation shall ensure that the following records 
are retained:  
(i) records of qualification and experience of personnel 
involved in continuing airworthiness management, 
compliance monitoring and safety management;  
(ii) records of qualification and experience of all 
airworthiness review staff, as well as staff issuing 
recommendations and permits to fly.  
(2) The records of all airworthiness review staff, staff issuin g 
recommendations and staff issuing permits to fly shall 
include details of any appropriate qualification held 
together with a summary of the relevant continuing 
airworthiness management experience and training and a 
copy of the authorisation.  
(3) Personnel records shall be kept as long as the person 
works for the organisation, and shall be retained until 
3 years after the person has left the organisation.  
(d) The organisation shall establish a system of record-keeping  
that allows adequate storage and reliable traceability of all 
activities developed.  
(e) The format of the records shall be specified in the organi­
sation's procedures.  
(f) Records shall be stored in a manner that ensures protection  
from damage, alteration and theft.  
CAMO.A.300  Continuing airworthiness management exposition (CAME)  
(a) The organisation shall provide the competent authority with  a 
CAME and, where applicable, any referenced associated 
manuals and procedures, containing all of the following 
information:  
(1) a statement signed by the accountable manager 
confirming that the organisation will at all times work 
in accordance with this Annex, Annex I (Part-M) and 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, and with the 
approved CAME. When the accountable manager is 
not the chief executive officer of the organisation, then 
such chief executive officer shall countersign the 
statement;  
(2) the organisation's safety policy as defined in point (a)(2)  
of point CAMO.A.200;  
(3) the organisation's scope of work relevant to the terms of 
approval;  
(4) a general description of the manpower resources and of 
the system in place to plan the availability of staff as 
required by point (d) of point CAMO.A.305;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 334
 
(5) the title(s) and name(s) of person(s) referred to in points  
(a)(3) to (a)(5), (b)(2) and (f) of point CAMO.A.305;  
(6) the duties, accountabilities, responsibilities and auth­
orities of the persons nominated under points (a)(3) to 
(a)(5), (b)(2), (e) and (f) of point CAMO.A.305;  
(7) an organisation chart showing the associated chains of 
accountability and responsibility between all the 
person(s) referred to in points (a)(3) to (a)(5), (b)(2), 
(e) and (f) of point CAMO.A.305, and related to 
point (a)(1) of point CAMO.A.200;  
(8) a list of staff authorised to issue airworthiness review 
certificates or recommendations referred to in point (e) 
of point CAMO.A.305, specifying, where applicable, the 
staff authorised to issue permits to fly in accordance 
with point (c) of point CAMO.A.125;  
(9) a general description and location of the facilities;  
(10) the description of the internal safety reporting scheme as  
required by point CAMO.A.202;  
(11) the procedures specifying how the organisation ensures 
compliance with this Annex, Annex I (Part-M) and 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, including in 
particular:  
(i) the documentation of management system key 
processes as required by point CAMO.A.200;  
(ii) procedures defining how the organisation controls 
any contracted and subcontracted activities as 
required by point CAMO.A.205 and point (c) of 
point CAMO.A.315);  
(iii) continuing airworthiness management, airworthiness 
review and permit to fly procedures, as applicable;  
(iv) the procedure defining the scope of changes not 
requiring prior approval and describing how such 
changes will be managed and notified, as required 
by point (b) of point CAMO.A.115 and point (c) of 
point CAMO.A.130;  
(v) the CAME amendment procedures.  
(12) the list of approved aircraft maintenance programmes for 
those aircraft for which a continuing airworthiness 
management contract exists in accordance with 
point M.A.201 or ML.A.201;  
(13) the list of maintenance contracts in accordance with 
point (c) of point CAMO.A.315;  
(14) the list of currently approved alternative means of 
compliance.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 335
 
(b) The initial issue of the CAME shall be approved by the 
competent authority. It shall be amended as necessary to 
remain an up-to-date description of the organisation.  
▼M8 
(c) Amendments to the CAME shall be managed as defined in 
the procedures referred to in points (a)(11)(iv) and (a)(11)(v) . 
Any amendments not included in the scope of the procedure 
referred to in point (a)(11)(iv), as well as amendments related  
to the changes listed in point CAMO.A.130(a), shall be 
approved by the competent authority.  
▼C1 
CAMO.A.305  Personnel requirements  
(a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager, who 
has corporate authority for ensuring that all continuing 
airworthiness management activities can be financed and 
carried out in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 
and delegated and implementing acts adopted on the basis 
thereof. The accountable manager shall:  
(1) ensure that all necessary resources are available to 
manage continuing airworthiness in accordance with this 
Annex, Annex I (Part-M) and Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable, to support the organisation approval 
certificate;  
(2) establish and promote the safety policy specified in 
point CAMO.A.200;  
(3) nominate a person or group of persons with the respon­
sibility of ensuring that the organisation always complies 
with the applicable continuing airworthiness management, 
airworthiness review and permit to fly requirements of 
this Annex, Annex I (Part-M) and Annex Vb (Part-ML);  
(4) nominate a person or group of persons with the respon­
sibility for managing the compliance monitoring function 
as part of the management system;  
(5) nominate a person or group of persons with the respon­
sibility for managing the development, administration, 
and maintenance of effective safety management 
processes as part of the management system;  
(6) ensure that the person or group of persons nominated in 
accordance with points (a)(3) to (a)(5) and (b)(2) of 
point CAMO.A.305 have direct access to keep him/her 
properly informed on compliance and safety matters;  
(7) demonstrate a basic understanding of this Regulation.  
(b) For organisations also approved as air carriers licensed in  
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, the 
accountable manager shall in addition:  
(1) be the person appointed as accountable manager for the air 
carrier as required by point (a) of point ORO.GEN.210 of 
Annex III (Part-ORO) to Regulation (EU) No 965/2012;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 336
 
(2) nominate a person responsible for the management and 
supervision of continuing airworthiness, who shall not be 
employed by an organisation approved in accordance 
with Annex II (Part-145) under contract to the operator, 
unless specifically agreed by the competent authority.  
(c) The person or persons nominated in accordance with points 
(a)(3) to (a)(5) and (b)(2) of point CAMO.A.305 shall be able 
to demonstrate relevant knowledge, background and satis­
factory experience related to aircraft continuing airworthiness  
management and demonstrate a working knowledge of this 
Regulation. Such person(s) shall be ultimately responsible to 
the accountable manager.  
(d) The organisation shall have a system in place to plan the 
availability of staff to ensure that the organisation has 
sufficient appropriately qualified staff to plan, perform, 
supervise, inspect and monitor the organisation's activities in  
accordance with the terms of approval.  
(e) To be approved to carry out airworthiness reviews or recom­
mendations in accordance with point (e) of point CAMO.A.125 
and, if applicable, to issue permits to fly in accordance with 
point (f) of point CAMO.A.125, the organisation shall have 
airworthiness review staff qualified and authorised in 
accordance with point CAMO.A.310.  
(f) For organisations extending airworthiness review certificat es 
in accordance with point (d)(4) of point CAMO.A.125, the 
organisation shall nominate persons authorised to do so.  
(g) The organisation shall establish and control the competency  o f  
personnel involved in compliance monitoring, safety management,  
continuing airworthiness management, airworthiness reviews or 
recommendations, and, if applicable, issuing permits to fly, in  
accordance with a procedure and to a standard agreed by the 
competent authority. In addition to the necessary expertise rel ated 
to the job function, competency must include an understanding o f 
safety management and human factors principles appropriate to t he 
person's function and responsibilities in the organisation.  
CAMO.A.310  Airworthiness review staff qualifications  
(a) Airworthiness review staff issuing airworthiness review 
certificates or recommendations in accordance with point (e) 
of point CAMO.A.125 and, if applicable, issuing permits to 
fly in accordance with point (f) of point CAMO.A.125 shall 
have:  
(1) at least 5 years of experience in continuing airworthiness;  
(2) acquired an appropriate licence in compliance with 
Annex (III) Part-66 or an aeronautical degree or a 
national equivalent;  
(3) received formal aeronautical maintenance training;  
(4) held a position within the approved organisation with 
appropriate responsibilities.  
(b) Notwithstanding points (a)(1), (a)(3) and (a)(4), the 
requirement laid down in point (a)(2) may be replaced with 
5 years of experience in continuing airworthiness additional 
to those already required by point (a)(1).  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 337
 
(c) Airworthiness review staff nominated by the organisation ca n 
only be issued an authorisation by that organisation when 
formally accepted by the competent authority after satis­
factory completion of an airworthiness review under the 
supervision of the competent authority, or under the super­
vision of the organisation's authorised airworthiness review 
staff, in accordance with a procedure approved by the 
competent authority as part of the CAME.  
(d) The organisation shall ensure that aircraft airworthiness 
review staff can demonstrate appropriate, recent continuing 
airworthiness management experience.  
CAMO.A.315  Continuing airworthiness management  
(a) The organisation shall ensure that all continuing airworthi ness 
management is carried out in accordance with Section A, 
Subpart C of Annex I (Part-M), or Section A Subpart C of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
(b) For every aircraft managed, the organisation shall in 
particular:  
(1) ensure that an aircraft maintenance programme including 
any applicable reliability programme, as required by 
point M.A.302 or ML.A.302 as applicable, is developed 
and controlled;  
(2) for aircraft not used by air carriers licensed in accordanc e 
with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008, provide a copy of 
the aircraft maintenance programme to the owner or 
operator responsible in accordance with point M.A.201 
or ML.A.201 as applicable;  
(3) ensure that data used for any modification and repairs 
complies with points M.A.304 or ML.A.304 as 
applicable;  
(4) for all complex motor-powered aircraft or aircraft used by 
air carriers licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) 
No 1008/2008, establish a procedure to assess 
non-mandatory modifications and/or inspections and 
decide on their application, making use of the organi­
sation's safety risk management process as required by 
point (a)(3) of point CAMO.A.200;  
(5) ensure that the aircraft, engine(s), propeller(s) and 
components thereof are taken to an appropriately 
approved maintenance organisation referred to in 
Subpart F of Annex I (Part-M), Annex II (Part-145) or 
Annex Vd (Part-CAO) whenever necessary;  
(6) order maintenance, supervise activities, and coordinate 
related decisions to ensure that any maintenance is 
carried out properly and is appropriately released for the 
determination of aircraft airworthiness.  
(c) Where the organisation is not appropriately approved in 
accordance with Subpart F of Annex I (Part-M), Annex II 
(Part-145) or Annex Vd (Part-CAO) it shall, in consultation 
with the operator, manage the written maintenance contracts 
required by points (e)(3), (f)(3), (g)(3) and (h)(3) of M.A.201  
or point ML.A.201 to ensure that:  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 338
 
(1) all maintenance is ultimately carried out by an appro­
priately approved maintenance organisation;  
▼M8 
(2) the functions required under points (b), (c), (f) and (g) o f 
point M.A.301 of Annex I (Part-M) or point ML.A.301 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, are clearly specified.  
▼C1 
(d) Notwithstanding point (c), the contract may be in the form of 
individual work orders addressed to the maintenance organis­
ation in the case of:  
(1) an aircraft requiring unscheduled line maintenance;  
(2) component maintenance, including engine and propeller 
maintenance, as applicable.  
(e) The organisation shall ensure that human factors and human 
performance limitations are taken into account during 
continuing airworthiness management, including all 
contracted and subcontracted activities.  
CAMO.A.320  Airworthiness review  
When the organisation approved in accordance with point (e) of 
point CAMO.A.125 performs airworthiness reviews, they shall be 
performed in accordance with point M.A.901 of Annex I (Part-M) 
or point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
▼M8 
CAMO.A.325  Continuing airworthiness management data  
The organisation shall hold and use applicable current main­
tenance data in accordance with point M.A.401 of Annex I 
(Part-M) or point ML.A.401 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as 
applicable, for the performance of continuing airworthiness 
tasks referred to in point CAMO.A.315 of this Annex (Part- 
CAMO). That data may be provided by the owner or the 
operator, subject to an appropriate contract being established 
with such an owner or operator. In such case, the continuing 
airworthiness management organisation shall only keep such 
data for the duration of the contract, except when otherwise 
required by point CAMO.A.220(a).  
▼C1 
SECTION B  
AUTHORITY REQUIREMENTS  
CAMO.B.005  Scope  
This Section establishes the administrative and management 
system requirements to be followed by the competent authority 
in charge of the implementation and enforcement of Section A of  
this Annex.  
CAMO.B.115  Oversight documentation  
The competent authority shall provide all legislative acts, 
standards, rules, technical publications, and related documents  to 
relevant personnel in order to allow them to perform their task s 
and to discharge their responsibilities.  
CAMO.B.120  Means of compliance  
(a) The Agency shall develop Acceptable Means of Compliance 
(‘AMC’) that may be used to establish compliance with 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implemen­
ting acts.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 339
 
(b) Alternative means of compliance may be used to establish 
compliance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its 
delegated and implementing acts  
(c) The competent authority shall establish a system to 
consistently evaluate that all alternative means of compliance 
used by itself or by organisations under its oversight allow fo r 
the establishment of compliance with Regulation (EU) 
No 2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing acts.  
(d) The competent authority shall evaluate all alternative mean s 
of compliance proposed by an organisation in accordance 
with point CAMO.A.120 by analysing the documentation 
provided and, if considered necessary, conducting an 
inspection of the organisation.  
When the competent authority finds that the alternative means 
of compliance are in accordance with Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing acts, it shall 
without undue delay:  
(1) notify the applicant that the alternative means of 
compliance may be implemented and, if applicable, 
amend the approval or certificate of the applicant 
accordingly;  
(2) notify the Agency of their content, including copies of all  
relevant documentation.  
(e) When the competent authority itself uses alternative means of 
compliance to achieve compliance with Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing acts it shall:  
(1) make them available to all organisations and persons 
under its oversight;  
(2) without undue delay notify the Agency.  
The competent authority shall provide the Agency with a full 
description of the alternative means of compliance, including 
any revisions to procedures that may be relevant, as well as 
an assessment demonstrating that they comply with 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implemen­
ting acts.  
CAMO.B.125  Information to the Agency  
(a) The competent authority shall, without undue delay, notify the 
Agency in case of any significant problems with the appli­
cation of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and 
implementing acts.  
(b) The competent authority shall provide the Agency with 
safety-significant information stemming from the occurrence 
reports it has received pursuant to point CAMO.A.160.  
CAMO.B.135  Immediate reaction to a safety problem  
(a) Without prejudice to Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 and 
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 (  1 ), 
the competent authority shall implement a system to appro­
priately collect, analyse, and disseminate safety information.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 340  
( 1 ) Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 of 29 June 2015 laying down a list classifying occurrences 
in civil aviation to be mandatorily reported according to Regul ation (EU) No 376/2014 
of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 163, 30.6.2 015, p. 1).
 (b) The Agency shall implement a system to appropriately 
analyse any relevant safety information received, and 
without undue delay provide to Member States and the 
Commission any information, including recommendations or 
corrective actions to be taken, necessary for them to react in a 
timely manner to a safety problem involving products, parts, 
appliances, persons or organisations subject to 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implemen­
ting acts.  
(c) Upon receiving the information referred to in points (a) an d 
(b), the competent authority shall take adequate measures to 
address the safety problem.  
(d) Measures taken under point (c) shall immediately be notifie d 
to all persons or organisations which need to comply with 
them under Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and and its 
delegated and implementing acts. The competent authority 
shall also notify those measures to the Agency and, when 
combined action is required, the other Member States 
concerned.  
CAMO.B.200  Management system  
(a) The competent authority shall establish and maintain a 
management system, including as a minimum:  
(1) documented policies and procedures to describe its 
organisation, means and methods to comply with 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and imple­
menting acts. The procedures shall be kept up to date, and 
serve as the basic working documents within that 
competent authority for all related tasks;  
(2) a sufficient number of personnel to perform its tasks and 
discharge its responsibilities. A system shall be in place to 
plan the availability of personnel, in order to ensure the 
proper completion of all tasks;  
(3) personnel qualified to perform their allocated tasks and 
have the necessary knowledge, experience, initial and 
recurrent training to ensure continuing competency;  
(4) adequate facilities and office accommodation to perform 
the allocated tasks;  
(5) a function to monitor compliance of the management 
system with the relevant requirements and adequacy of 
the procedures including the establishment of an internal 
audit process and a safety risk management 
process. Compliance monitoring shall include a 
feedback system of audit findings to the senior 
management of the competent authority to ensure im­
plementation of corrective actions as necessary;  
(6) a person or group of persons ultimately responsible to the 
senior management of the competent authority for the 
compliance monitoring function.  
(b) The competent authority shall, for each field of activity, 
including management system, appoint one or more persons 
with the overall responsibility for the management of the 
relevant task(s).  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 341
 
(c) The competent authority shall establish procedures for part ici­
pation in a mutual exchange of all necessary information and 
assistance with other competent authorities concerned, 
including all findings raised and follow-up actions taken as 
a result of oversight of persons and organisations exercising 
activities in the territory of a Member State, but certified by  
the competent authority of another Member State or the 
Agency.  
(d) A copy of the procedures related to the management system 
and their amendments shall be made available to the Agency 
for the purpose of standardisation and to the organisations 
subject to this Regulation, if so requested.  
CAMO.B.205  Allocation of tasks to qualified entities  
(a) Tasks related to the initial certification, or continuing 
oversight of persons, or organisations subject to 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implemen­
ting acts may be allocated by Member States only to qualified 
entities. When allocating tasks, the competent authority shall 
ensure that it has:  
(1) put a system in place to initially and continuously assess 
that the qualified entity complies with Annex VI 
‘Essential requirements for qualified entities’ to 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139. This system and the results 
of the assessments shall be documented;  
(2) established a documented agreement with the qualified 
entity, approved by both parties at the appropriate 
management level, which clearly defines:  
(i) the tasks to be performed;  
(ii) the declarations, reports, and records to be provided;  
(iii) the technical conditions to be met in performing such 
tasks;  
(iv) the related liability coverage;  
(v) the protection given to information acquired in 
carrying out such tasks.  
(b) The competent authority shall ensure that the internal audi t 
process and safety risk management process required by 
point (a)(5) of point CAMO.B.200 covers all certification, 
or continuing oversight tasks performed on its behalf.  
CAMO.B.210  Changes in the management system  
(a) The competent authority shall have a system in place to 
identify changes that affect its capability to perform its 
tasks and discharge its responsibilities as defined in 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implemen­
ting acts. This system shall enable it to take action as appro­
priate to ensure that its management system remains adequate 
and effective.  
(b) The competent authority shall update its management system 
to reflect any change to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its 
delegated and implementing acts in a timely manner, so as to 
ensure effective implementation.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 342
 
(c) The competent authority shall notify the Agency of changes 
affecting its capability to perform its tasks and discharge its  
responsibilities as defined in Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and 
its delegated and implementing acts.  
CAMO.B.220  Record-keeping  
(a) The competent authority shall establish a system of 
record-keeping that allows adequate storage, accessibility, 
and reliable traceability of:  
(1) the management system's documented policies and 
procedures;  
(2) training, qualification, and authorisation of its personnel ; 
(3) the allocation of tasks, covering the elements required by 
point CAMO.B.205, as well as the details of tasks 
allocated;  
(4) certification processes and continuing oversight of 
certified organisations, including:  
(i) the application for an organisation certificate;  
(ii) the competent authority's continuing oversight 
programme, including all assessment, audit and 
inspection records;  
(iii) the organisation certificate, including any changes 
thereto;  
(iv) a copy of the oversight programme listing the dates 
when audits are due and when audits were carried 
out; 
(v) copies of all formal correspondence;  
(vi) details of findings, corrective actions, date of action 
closure, any exemption and enforcement actions;  
(vii) any assessment, audit and inspection reports issued 
by another competent authority pursuant to 
point (d) of point CAMO.B.300;  
(viii) copies of all organisation CAMEs or manuals and 
amendments thereto;  
(ix) copies of any other document approved by the 
competent authority;  
(5) the evaluation and notification to the Agency of alter­
native means of compliance proposed by organisations, 
and the assessment of alternative means of compliance 
used by the competent authority itself;  
(6) safety information and follow-up measures in accordance 
with point CAMO.B.125;  
(7) the use of flexibility provisions in accordance with 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and imple­
menting acts.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 343
 
(b) The competent authority shall maintain a list of all organi s­
ation certificates it issued.  
(c) All records referred to in points (a) and (b) shall be kept  for a 
minimum period of 5 years subject to applicable data 
protection law.  
(d) All records referred to in points (a) and (b) shall be made  
available upon request to a competent authority of another 
Member State or the Agency.  
CAMO.B.300  Oversight principles  
(a) The competent authority shall verify:  
(1) compliance with the requirements applicable to organis­
ations prior to the issue of an organisation certificate, as 
applicable;  
(2) continued compliance with the applicable requirements of 
organisations it has certified;  
(3) implementation of appropriate safety measures mandated 
by the competent authority as defined in points (c) and (d) 
of point CAMO.B.135.  
(b) This verification shall:  
(1) be supported by documentation specifically intended to 
provide personnel responsible for safety oversight with 
guidance to perform their functions;  
(2) provide the organisations concerned with the results of 
safety oversight activity;  
(3) be based on assessments, audits and inspections, 
including unannounced inspections;  
(4) provide the competent authority with the evidence needed 
in case further action is required, including the measures 
provided for in point CAMO.B.350 ‘Findings and 
corrective actions’.  
(c) The scope of oversight defined in points (a) and (b) shall take 
into account the results of past oversight activities and the 
safety priorities.  
(d) Where organisation facilities are located in more than one State, 
the competent authority as defined in point CAMO.A.105 may 
agree to have oversight tasks performed by the competent 
authority(ies) of the Member State(s) where facilities are 
located, or by the Agency for facilities located in a third 
country. Any organisation subject to such agreement shall be 
informed of its existence and of its scope.  
(e) For oversight performed at facilities located in another St ate, 
the competent authority as defined in point CAMO.A.105 
shall inform the competent authority of such State, or the 
Agency for facilities of organisations having their principal 
place of business in a third country, before performing any 
on-site audit or inspection of such facilities.  
(f) The competent authority shall collect and process any 
information deemed useful for oversight, including for unan­
nounced inspections.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 344
 
CAMO.B.305  Oversight programme  
(a) The competent authority shall establish and maintain an 
oversight programme covering the oversight activities 
required by point CAMO.B.300.  
(b) The oversight programme shall be developed taking into 
account the specific nature of the organisation, the complexity  
of its activities, the results of past certification and/or 
oversight activities, and shall be based on the assessment of 
associated risks. It shall include within each oversight 
planning cycle:  
(1) assessments, audits and inspections, including unan­
nounced inspections and, as applicable:  
(i) management system assessments and process audits;  
(ii) product audits of a relevant sample of aircraft 
managed by the organisation;  
(iii) sampling of airworthiness reviews performed;  
(iv) sampling of permits to fly issued;  
(2) meetings convened between the accountable manager and 
the competent authority to ensure both remain informed 
of significant issues.  
(c) For organisations certified by the competent authority, an 
oversight planning cycle not exceeding 24 months shall be 
applied.  
(d) Notwithstanding point (c), the oversight planning cycle may  
be extended up to 36 months if the competent authority has 
established that during the previous 24 months:  
(1) the organisation has demonstrated an effective identifi­
cation of aviation safety hazards and management of asso­
ciated risks;  
(2) the organisation has continuously demonstrated under 
point CAMO.A.130 that it has full control over all 
changes;  
(3) no level 1 findings have been issued;  
(4) all corrective actions have been implemented within the 
time period accepted or extended by the competent 
authority as defined in point CAMO.B.350.  
Notwithstanding point (c), the oversight planning cycle may 
be further extended to a maximum of 48 months if, in 
addition to the conditions provided in points (1) to (4) of 
the first subparagraph, the organisation has established, and 
the competent authority has approved, an effective continuous 
reporting system to the competent authority on the safety 
performance and regulatory compliance of the organisation 
itself.  
(e) The oversight planning cycle may be reduced if there is any  
evidence that the safety performance of the organisation has 
decreased.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 345
 
(f) The oversight programme shall include records of the dates 
when audits, inspections and meetings are due, and when 
such audits, inspections and meetings have been carried out.  
(g) At the completion of each oversight planning cycle, the 
competent authority shall issue a recommendation report on 
the continuation of the approval reflecting the results of 
oversight.  
CAMO.B.310  Initial certification procedure  
(a) Upon receiving an application for the initial issue of a ce rtificate 
for an organisation, the competent authority shall verify the 
organisation's compliance with the applicable requirements.  
(b) A meeting with the accountable manager of the organisation 
shall be convened at least once during the investigation for 
initial certification to ensure that he/she fully understands t he 
significance of the certification process and the reason for 
signing the statement of the organisation to comply with the 
procedures specified in the CAME.  
(c) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions 
(actions required to close a finding) and recommendations.  
(d) The competent authority shall confirm in writing all the 
findings raised during the verification to the organisation. 
For initial certification, all findings must be corrected to th e 
satisfaction of the competent authority before the certificate 
can be issued.  
(e) When satisfied that the organisation complies with the 
applicable requirements, the competent authority shall:  
(1) issue the certificate as established in Appendix I ‘EASA 
Form 14’ to this Annex;  
(2) formally approve the CAME.  
(f) The certificate reference number shall be included on the 
EASA Form 14 certificate in a manner specified by the 
Agency.  
(g) The certificate shall be issued for an unlimited duration. The 
privileges, scope of the activities that the organisation is 
approved to conduct, including any limitations as applicable, 
shall be specified in the terms of approval attached to the 
certificate.  
(h) To enable the organisation to implement changes without 
prior competent authority approval in accordance with 
point (c) of point CAMO.A.130, the competent authority 
shall approve the relevant CAME procedure defining the 
scope of such changes and describing how such changes 
will be managed and notified.  
CAMO.B.330  Changes  
(a) Upon receiving an application for a change that requires pr ior 
approval, the competent authority shall verify the organi­
sation's compliance with the applicable requirements before 
issuing the approval.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 346
 
(b) The competent authority shall establish the conditions unde r 
which the organisation may operate during the change unless 
the competent authority determines that the organisation's cer­
tificate needs to be suspended.  
(c) When satisfied that the organisation complies with the 
applicable requirements, the competent authority shall 
approve the change.  
(d) Without prejudice to any additional enforcement measures, 
when the organisation implements changes requiring prior 
approval without having received competent authority 
approval pursuant to point (c), the competent authority shall 
suspend, limit or revoke the organisation's certificate.  
(e) For changes not requiring prior approval, the competent 
authority shall assess the information provided in the notifi­
cation sent by the organisation in accordance with point (c) of  
point CAMO.A.130 to verify compliance with the applicable 
requirements. In case of any non-compliance, the competent 
authority shall:  
(1) notify the organisation about the non-compliance and 
request further changes;  
(2) in case of level 1 or level 2 findings, act in accordance 
with point CAMO.B.350.  
CAMO.B.350  Findings and corrective actions  
(a) The competent authority shall have a system to analyse 
findings for their safety significance.  
(b) A level 1 finding shall be issued by the competent authorit y 
when any significant non-compliance is detected with the 
applicable requirements of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and 
its delegated and implementing acts, with the organisation's 
procedures and manuals, or with the terms of an approval or 
certificate which lowers safety or seriously endangers flight 
safety.  
The level 1 findings shall include:  
(1) failure to give the competent authority access to the 
organisation's facilities as defined in point CAMO.A.140 
during normal operating hours and after two written 
requests;  
(2) obtaining or maintaining the validity of the organisation 
certificate by falsification of submitted documentary 
evidence;  
(3) evidence of malpractice or fraudulent use of the organis­
ation certificate;  
(4) the lack of an accountable manager.  
(c) A level 2 finding shall be issued by the competent authorit y 
when any non-compliance is detected with the applicable 
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its 
delegated and implementing acts, with the organisation's 
procedures and manuals, or with the terms of an approval 
or certificate which may lower safety or endanger flight 
safety.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 347
 
(d) When a finding is detected during oversight or by any other  
means, the competent authority shall, without prejudice to any 
additional action required by Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and 
its delegated and implementing acts, communicate the finding 
to the organisation in writing, and request corrective action t o 
address the non-compliance(s) identified. Where a finding 
directly relates to an aircraft, the competent authority shall 
inform the State in which the aircraft is registered.  
(1) In the case of level 1 findings, the competent authority 
shall take immediate and appropriate action to prohibit or 
limit activities and, if appropriate, it shall take action to 
revoke the certificate or to limit or suspend it in whole or 
in part, depending upon the extent of the level 1 finding 
until successful corrective action has been taken by the 
organisation.  
(2) In the case of level 2 findings, the competent authority 
shall:  
(i) grant the organisation a corrective action implemen­
tation period appropriate to the nature of the finding, 
that in any case initially shall not be more than 
3 months. It shall commence from the date of the 
written communication of the finding to the organi­
sation, requesting corrective action to address the 
non-compliance identified. At the end of this 
period, and subject to the nature of the finding and 
past safety performance of the organisation, the 
competent authority may extend the 3-month period 
subject to a satisfactory corrective action plan agreed 
by the competent authority;  
(ii) assess the corrective action and implementation plan 
proposed by the organisation, and if the assessment 
concludes that they are sufficient to address the 
non-compliance(s), accept these.  
(3) Where an organisation fails to submit an acceptable 
corrective action plan, or to perform the corrective 
action within the time period accepted or extended by 
the competent authority, the finding shall be raised to a 
level 1 finding and action taken as laid down in 
point (d)(1).  
(4) The competent authority shall record all findings it has 
raised or that have been communicated to it in accordance 
with point (e) and, where applicable, the enforcement 
measures it has applied, as well as all corrective actions 
and date of action closure for findings.  
(e) Without prejudice to any additional enforcement measures, 
when the authority of a Member State acting under the 
provisions of point (d) of point CAMO.B.300 identifies any 
non-compliance with the applicable requirements of 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implemen­
ting acts by an organisation certified by the competent 
authority of another Member State or the Agency, it shall 
inform that competent authority and provide an indication 
of the level of finding.  
CAMO.B.355  Suspension, limitation and revocation  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend a certificate on reasonable grounds in the case of 
potential safety threat;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 348
 
(b) suspend, revoke or limit a certificate pursuant to 
point CAMO.B.350;  
(c) suspend certificate in case the competent authority's inspe ctors 
are unable over a period of 24 months to discharge their 
oversight responsibilities through on-site audit(s) due to the 
security situation in the State where the facilities are locate d. ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 349
 
Appendix I  
Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation Certificate - EASA Form 14
  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 350
 
▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 351
 
ANNEX Vd  
(Part-CAO)  
CONTENTS  
CAO.1 General  
SECTION A — ORGANISATION REQUIREMENTS  
CAO.A.010 Scope  
CAO.A.015 Application  
CAO.A.017 Means of compliance  
CAO.A.020 Terms of approval  
CAO.A.025 Combined airworthiness exposition  
CAO.A.030 Facilities  
CAO.A.035 Personnel requirements  
CAO.A.040 Certifying staff  
CAO.A.045 Airworthiness review staff  
CAO.A.050 Components, equipment and tools  
CAO.A.055 Maintenance data and work orders  
CAO.A.060 Maintenance standards  
CAO.A.065 Aircraft certificate of release to service  
CAO.A.070 Component certificate of release to service  
CAO.A.075 Continuing-airworthiness management  
CAO.A.080 Continuing airworthiness management data  
CAO.A.085 Airworthiness review  
CAO.A.090 Record-keeping  
CAO.A.095 Privileges of the organisation  
CAO.A.100 Quality system and organisational review  
CAO.A.105 Changes to the organisation  
CAO.A.110 Continued validity  
CAO.A.115 Findings  
SECTION B — AUTHORITY REQUIREMENTS  
CAO.B.010 Scope  
▼M8 __________  
▼C1 
CAO.B.017 Means of compliance  
CAO.B.020 Record-keeping  
CAO.B.025 Mutual exchange of information  
CAO.B.030 Responsibilities  
CAO.B.035 Exemptions  
CAO.B.040 Application  
CAO.B.045  ►M8 Initial certification procedure ◄  
CAO.B.050  ►M8 Issuance of the initial certificate ◄  
CAO.B.055 Continuing oversight  
CAO.B.060 Findings  
CAO.B.065 Changes  
CAO.B.070 Suspension, limitation and revocation  
Appendix I —  ►M8 Combined airworthiness organisation (CAO) certificate — 
EASA Form 3-CAO ◄  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 352
CAO.1  General  
For the purpose of this Annex (Part-CAO):  
(1) the competent authority shall be:  
(a) for organisations having their principal place of business in a 
Member State, the authority designated by that Member State;  
(b) for organisations having their principal place of business in a 
third country, the Agency.  
(2) ‘owner’ means the person responsible for the continuing 
airworthiness of the aircraft, including the following persons:  
(i) the registered owner of the aircraft;  
(ii) the lessee in the case of a leasing contract;  
(iii) the operator.  
SECTION A  
ORGANISATION REQUIREMENTS  
CAO.A.010  Scope  
This Annex establishes the requirements to be met by a combined  
airworthiness organisation (CAO) in order to be issued, upon ap pli­
cation, an approval for the maintenance and continuing 
airworthiness management of aircraft and components for instal­
lation thereon, and to continue carrying out those activities, where 
such aircraft are not classified as complex motor-powered aircr aft 
and are not listed in the air operator certificate of an air ca rrier 
licensed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008.  
CAO.A.015  Application  
CAOs shall apply for the issuance of, or change to, a CAO appro val 
to the competent authority in a form and manner established by that 
authority.  
CAO.A.017  Means of compliance  
▼M8 
(a) Alternative means of compliance to the acceptable means of 
compliance adopted by the Agency may be used by an organ­
isation to demonstrate compliance with Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing acts.  
▼C1 
(b) When an organisation wishes to use alternative means of 
compliance, it shall, prior to using it, provide the competent 
authority with a full description of those alternative means of  
compliance. That description shall include an assessment 
demonstrating compliance of alternative means of compliance 
with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and imple­
menting acts.  
The organisation may use those alternative means of compliance 
subject to prior approval by the competent authority, and upon 
receipt of the notification as provided for in point CAO.B.017.  
CAO.A.020  Terms of approval  
(a) The CAO shall specify the approved scope of work in its 
combined airworthiness exposition (CAE), as provided for in 
point CAO.A.025.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 353
 
(1) For aeroplanes of more than 2 730 kg maximum take-off 
mass (MTOM) and for helicopters of more than 1 200 kg 
MTOM or certified for more than 4 occupants, the scope of 
work shall indicate the particular aircraft types. Changes to 
this scope of work shall be approved by the competent 
authority in accordance with point (a) of 
point CAO.A.105 and point (a) of point CAO.B.065.  
(2) For complete turbine engines, the scope of work shall 
indicate the engine manufacturer or group or series or 
type or the maintenance task(s). Changes to this scope of 
work shall be approved by the competent authority in 
accordance with point (a) of point CAO.A.105 and 
point (a) of point CAO.B.065.  
(3) A CAO which employs only one person for both planning 
and carrying out of all maintenance tasks cannot hold 
privileges for the maintenance of:  
(a) aeroplanes equipped with a turbine engine (in the case 
of aircraft-rated organisations);  
(b) helicopters equipped with a turbine engine or with more 
than one piston engine (in the case of aircraft-rated 
organisations);  
(c) complete piston engines of 450 HP and above (in the 
case of engine-rated organisations); and  
(d) complete turbine engines (in the case of engine-rated 
organisations).  
(4) For aircraft other than those mentioned in point (1), for 
components different from complete turbine engines and 
for non-destructive testing (NDT)-specialised services, the 
scope of work shall be controlled by the CAO in 
accordance with the procedure set out in point (a)(11) of 
point CAO.A.025. For maintenance of components different 
from complete engines, the scope of work shall be classified 
in accordance with the following system ratings:  
(i) C1: air conditioning and pressurisation;  
(ii) C2: auto flight;  
(iii) C3: communications and navigation;  
(iv) C4: doors and hatches;  
(v) C5: electrical power and lights;  
(vi) C6: equipment;  
(vii) C7: engine;  
(viii) C8: flight controls;  
(ix) C9: fuel;  
(x) C10: helicopter and rotors;  
(xi) C11: helicopter transmission;  
(xii) C12: hydraulic power;  
(xiii) C13: indicating and recording system;  
(xiv) C14: landing gear;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 354
 
(xv) C15: oxygen;  
(xvi) C16: propellers;  
(xvii) C17: pneumatic and vacuum systems;  
(xviii) C18: protection from ice/rain/fire;  
(xix) C19: windows;  
(xx) C20: structural;  
(xxi) C21: water ballast; and  
(xxii) C22: propulsion augmentation.  
Organisations obtaining an approval in accordance with this 
Annex on the basis of an existing organisation approval 
issued in accordance with Subpart G or Subpart F of Annex I 
(Part-M) or Annex II (Part-145) in accordance with paragraph 4 
of Article 4, shall include in the scope of work all the necess ary 
details to ensure that the privileges are identical to the ones  
included in the existing approval.  
(b) The CAO approval shall be issued on the basis of the templa te 
set out in Appendix I to this Annex.  
(c) A CAO may fabricate, in conformity with maintenance data, a  
restricted range of parts for use in the course of undergoing 
work within its own facilities, as indicated in their CAE.  
CAO.A.025  Combined airworthiness exposition  
(a) The CAO shall provide a manual containing at least the 
following information:  
(1) a statement signed by the accountable manager confirming 
that the organisation will at all times work in accordance 
with the requirements of this Annex and the CAE;  
(2) the CAE's scope of work;  
(3) the title(s) and name(s) of the person(s) referred to in 
points (a) and (b) of point CAO.A.035;  
(4) an organisation chart showing the chains of responsibility 
between the person(s) referred to in points (a) and (b) of 
CAO.A.035;  
(5) a list of certifying staff with their scope of approval, if  
such staff exist;  
(6) a list of staff responsible for the development and approva l 
of aircraft maintenance programmes (AMPs) with their 
scope of approval, if such staff exist;  
(7) a list of airworthiness review staff with their scope of 
approval, if such staff exist;  
(8) a list of staff responsible for the issuance of permits to fly, 
if such staff exist;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 355
 
(9) a general description and location of the facilities;  
(10) procedures specifying how the CAO shall ensure 
compliance with the requirements of this Annex;  
(11) the CAE amendment procedure, as provided for in 
point (b) of point CAO.A.105.  
(b) The initial CAE shall be approved by the competent authorit y. 
(c) Amendments to the CAE shall be handled in accordance with 
point CAO.A.105.  
CAO.A.030  Facilities  
The CAO shall ensure that all necessary facilities, including 
adequate office accommodation are provided for it to be able to  
carry out all the planned work.  
In addition, where the scope of approval of the organisation 
includes maintenance activities, the CAO shall ensure that:  
(a) specialised workshops, hangars and bays provide adequate 
protection from contamination and the environment;  
(b) secure storage facilities are provided for components, 
equipment, tools and material, under conditions ensuring that 
unserviceable components and materials are segregated from all 
other components, material, equipment and tools, that the manu­
facturer's instructions for storage are complied with and that 
access to the storage facilities is restricted to authorised 
personnel.  
CAO.A.035  Personnel requirements  
(a) The CAO shall appoint an accountable manager, who shall hav e 
an authority for ensuring that all activities of the organisati on 
can be financed so that those activities are carried out in 
accordance with the requirements of this Annex.  
(b) The accountable manager shall nominate a person or group of  
persons who shall be responsible for ensuring that the CAO is 
always in compliance with the requirements of this Annex. 
Those person(s) shall ultimately be responsible to the 
accountable manager.  
(c) All persons referred to in point (b) shall have the relevan t 
knowledge, background and experience related to continuing 
airworthiness management or maintenance, as appropriate for 
their functions.  
(d) The CAO shall have sufficient appropriately qualified staff  for it 
to be able to carry out the planned work. The CAO shall be 
entitled to use temporarily subcontracted staff.  
(e) The CAO shall assess and record the qualification of all 
personnel.  
(f) Personnel who carry out specialised tasks, such as welding,  or 
non-destructive testing (‘NDT’) inspection other than colour 
contrast inspections shall be qualified in accordance with an 
officially-recognised standard  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 356
 
CAO.A.040  Certifying staff  
(a) Certifying staff shall comply with the requirements of Arti cle 5. 
They shall only exercise their privileges to release maintenanc e 
if the CAO has ensured:  
(1) that these certifying staff meet the requirements of point (b) 
of point 66.A.20 of Annex III (Part-66) except when 
paragraph 6 of Article 5 refers to a national regulation of 
a Member State, in which case, they shall meet the 
requirements of such a regulation;  
(2) that these certifying staff have an adequate understanding of 
the relevant aircraft or aircraft component(s) to be main­
tained, or both, as well as of the organisation procedures 
required to perform such maintenance.  
(b) By derogation from point (a), in unforeseen circumstances 
where an aircraft is grounded at a location other than the 
main base where no appropriate certifying staff are available, 
the CAO contracted to provide maintenance support may issue 
a one-off certification authorisation, alternatively:  
(1) to one of their employees holding type qualifications for 
aircraft of similar technology, construction and systems;  
(2) to any person with no less than 3 years of maintenance 
experience and holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance 
licence rated for the aircraft type requiring certification, 
provided that there is no organisation approved in 
accordance with this Annex at that location and that the 
contracted CAO obtains and holds on file evidence of the 
experience and licence of that person.  
The issuance of a one-off certification authorisation shall be 
reported by the CAO to the competent authority within 
7 days of the issuance. The CAO issuing the one-off certifi­
cation authorisation shall ensure that any such maintenance tha t 
could affect flight safety is rechecked.  
(c) By derogation from point (a), the CAO may use certifying st aff 
qualified in accordance with the following requirements when 
providing maintenance support to operators involved in 
commercial operations, subject to appropriate procedures to be 
approved as part of the CAE:  
(1) for a repetitive preflight airworthiness directive (AD) whi ch 
specifically states that the flight crew may carry out such an 
AD, the CAO may issue a limited certifying-staff authoris­
ation to the pilot-in-command on the basis of the flight crew 
licence held, provided that the CAO ensures that sufficient 
practical training has been carried out by the pilot-in- 
command so he/she can accomplish the AD to the 
required standard;  
(2) in the case of aircraft operating away from a supported 
location, the CAO may issue a limited certifying-staff auth­
orisation to the pilot-in-command, on the basis of the flight 
crew licence held, provided that the organisation ensures 
that sufficient practical training has been carried out so 
that such a commander can accomplish the task to the 
required standard.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 357
 
(d) The CAO shall record the details concerning certifying staf f and 
maintain an up-to-date list of all certifying staff, together w ith 
details on their scope of approval, as part of the organisation 's 
exposition.  
CAO.A.045  Airworthiness review staff  
(a) In order for it to be approved to carry out airworthiness r eviews 
and, if applicable, to issue permits to fly, a CAO shall have 
appropriate airworthiness review staff who shall comply with al l 
of the following requirements:  
(1) they acquired experience in continuing airworthiness of at 
least 1 year for sailplanes and balloons and of at least 
3 years for all other aircraft;  
▼M11  
(2) they hold an appropriate licence issued in accordance with 
Article 5 of this Regulation or an aeronautical degree or 
equivalent, or they acquired experience in continuing 
airworthiness in addition to that referred to in point (1) of 
at least 2 years for sailplanes and balloons and at least 4 
years for all other aircraft;  
▼C1 
(3) they acquired appropriate aeronautical-maintenance training . 
(b) Before the CAO issues an authorisation to an airworthiness 
review staff to perfom airworthiness review, the CAO shall 
nominate the person who will perform an airworthiness 
review of an aircraft under supervision of the competent 
authority or under the supervision of a person already auth­
orised as airworthiness review staff of the CAO. If this super­
vision is satisfactory, the competent authority shall formally 
accept the staff to become airworthiness review staff.  
(c) The CAO shall ensure that its airworthiness review staff ca n 
demonstrate appropriate recent continuing airworthiness 
experience.  
(d) Each airworthiness review staff shall be identified in the CAE 
in a list that contains the airworthiness review authorisation 
referred in point (b).  
(e) The CAO shall maintain a record of all its airworthiness re view 
staff, which shall include details of any appropriate qualifica tion 
and a summary of relevant continuing airworthiness experience 
and training of the person concerned, as well as a copy of his or 
her authorisation. It shall retain that record for a period of at 
least 2 years after the date at which the person concerned no 
longer works for the CAO.  
CAO.A.050  Components, equipment and tools  
(a) The CAO shall:  
(1) hold the equipment and tools specified in the maintenance 
data provided for in point CAO.A.055, or verified 
equivalents as listed in the CAE, as necessary for day-to- 
day maintenance within the scope of the organisation's 
approval;  
(2) have a procedure to ensure that it has access to all other 
equipment and tools necessary to carry out its work, used 
only on an occasional basis, where needed.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 358
 
(b) The CAO shall ensure that the tools and equipment it uses a re 
controlled and calibrated to an officially recognised standard.  It 
shall keep records of such calibrations and the standards used 
and comply with point CAO.A.090.  
(c) The CAO shall inspect, classify and appropriately segregate  all 
incoming components in accordance with points M.A.501 and 
M.A.504 of Annex I (Part-M) or with points ML.A.501 and 
ML.A.504 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
CAO.A.055  Maintenance data and work orders  
(a) The CAO shall hold and use applicable current maintenance 
data specified in point M.A.401 of Annex I (Part-M) or in 
point ML.A.401 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, in the 
performance of maintenance, including modifications and 
repairs. However, in the case of customer-provided maintenance 
data, it shall only be required to hold such data when the work  
is in progress.  
(b) Before the commencement of maintenance, a written work orde r 
shall be agreed between the CAO and the person or organis­
ation requesting maintenance, in a manner that clearly estab­
lishes the maintenance to be carried out.  
CAO.A.060  Maintenance standards  
When performing maintenance, the CAO shall comply with all of 
the following requirements:  
(a) ensure that any person performing maintenance is qualified in 
accordance with the requirements of this Annex;  
(b) ensure that the area in which maintenance is carried out is  well 
organised and clean (no dirt or contamination);  
(c) use the methods, techniques, standards and instructions 
specified in the maintenance data and work orders referred to 
in point CAO.A.055;  
(d) use the tools, equipment and material specified in 
point CAO.A.050;  
(e) ensure that maintenance is performed in accordance with any  
environmental limitations specified in the maintenance data 
referred to in point CAO.A.055;  
(f) ensure that proper facilities are used in case of inclement  
weather or lengthy maintenance;  
(g) ensure that the risk of multiple errors during maintenance and 
the risk of errors being repeated in identical maintenance task s 
are minimised;  
(h) ensure that an error-capturing method is implemented after the 
performance of any critical maintenance task;  
(i) perform a general verification after completion of maintena nce 
in order to ensure that the aircraft or component is clear of a ll 
tools, equipment and any extraneous parts and material and that  
all access panels removed have been refitted;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 359
 
(j) ensure that all maintenance performed is properly recorded and 
documented.  
CAO.A.065  Aircraft certificate of release to service  
At the completion of any aircraft maintenance carried out in 
accordance with this Annex, an aircraft CRS shall be issued in 
accordance with point M.A.801 of Annex I (Part-M) or 
point ML.A.801 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
CAO.A.070  Component certificate of release to service  
(a) At the completion of all component maintenance in accordanc e 
with this Annex, a component CRS shall be issued in 
accordance with point M.A.802 of Annex I (Part-M) or 
point ML.A.802 of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable. An 
EASA Form 1 shall be issued in accordance with Appendix II 
to Annex I (Part-M), except as provided for in points (b) or (d ) 
of point M.A.502 of Annex I (Part-M) and point ML.A.502 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML) and for components fabricated in 
accordance with point (c) of point CAO.A.020.  
(b) The EASA Form 1 referred to in point (a) may be generated 
from a computer database.  
CAO.A.075  Continuing airworthiness management  
(a) All continuing airworthiness management shall be carried ou t in 
accordance with the requirements of Subpart C of Annex I 
(Part-M) or Subpart C of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
(b) For every aircraft managed, the CAO shall:  
(1) develop and control the AMP for the aircraft managed 
and: 
(i) in the case of aircraft complying with Annex Vb (Part- 
ML), approve the AMP and its amendments, or  
(ii) in the case of aircraft complying with Annex I (Part- 
M), present the AMP and its amendments to the 
competent authority for approval, unless the approval 
is covered by an indirect approval procedure in 
accordance with point (c) of point M.A.302 of 
Annex I (Part-M);  
(2) provide a copy of the AMP to the owner;  
(3) ensure that data used for any modification and repairs 
complies with points M.A.304 or ML.A.304, as applicable;  
(4) ensure that all maintenance is performed in accordance 
with the AMP and released in accordance with Section A, 
Subpart H of Annex I (Part-M), Section A of Annex II 
(Part-145) or Section A, Subpart H of Annex Vb (Part- 
ML), as applicable;  
(5) ensure that all applicable ADs and all operational 
directives with a continuing airworthiness impact are 
implemented;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 360
 
(6) ensure that all defects discovered during maintenance or 
reported are corrected by an appropriately approved main­
tenance organisation or by independent certifying staff;  
(7) ensure that the aircraft is brought for maintenance to an 
appropriately approved organisation or to independent 
certifying staff, whenever necessary;  
(8) coordinate the scheduled maintenance, application of ADs, 
replacement of service-life-limited parts and component 
inspection in order to ensure the work is carried out 
properly;  
(9) manage and archive all continuing-airworthiness records 
and, if applicable, the aircraft technical log;  
(10) ensure that the mass-and-balance statement reflects the 
current status of the aircraft.  
▼M8 
CAO.A.080  Continuing airworthiness management data  
The CAO shall hold and use applicable current maintenance data 
specified in point M.A.401 of Annex I (Part-M) or point ML.A.40 1 
of Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, for the performance of th e 
continuing airworthiness management tasks referred to in 
point CAO.A.075 of this Annex (Part-CAO). That data may be 
provided by the owner, subject to a contract as referred in poi nts 
M.A.201(h)(2) or M.A.201(i)(1) or M.A.201(i)(3) of Annex I (Par t- 
M), or points ML.A.201(e)(1) or ML.A.201(f) of Annex Vb (Part- 
ML), in which case the CAO only needs to hold such data for the  
duration of the contract, unless where it is to retain the data  
pursuant to point CAO.A.090(b) of this Annex (Part-CAO).  
CAO.A.085  Airworthiness review  
The CAO shall perform any airworthiness reviews in accordance 
with point M.A.901 of Annex I (Part-M) or point ML.A.903 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable.  
▼C1 
CAO.A.090  Record-keeping  
(a) The CAO shall retain the following records:  
(1) the maintenance records necessary to demonstrate that all 
requirements of this Annex have been met for the issuance 
of the CRS, including the subcontractor's release 
documents; the CAO shall provide a copy of each CRS 
to the owner of the aircraft, together with a copy of any 
specific repair or modification data used for the repairs or 
modifications carried out;  
(2) the continuing airworthiness management records required 
by any of the following:  
(i) point M.A.305 and, if applicable, point M.A.306 of 
Annex I (Part-M);  
(ii) point ML.A.305 of Annex Vb (Part-ML);  
(3) where the CAO has the privilege referred to in point (c) of  
point CAO.A.095, it shall retain a copy of each 
airworthiness review certificate (ARC) issued in accordance 
with point (a) of point ML.A.901 of Annex Vb (Part-ML) 
and recommendation issued or, as applicable, extended, 
together with all supporting documents;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 361
 
(4) where the CAO has the privilege referred to in point (d) of  
point CAO.A.095, it shall retain a copy of each permit to 
fly issued in accordance with point 21.A.729 of Annex I 
(Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.  
(b) The CAO shall retain a copy of the records described in 
point (a)(1), and any associated maintenance data, for a 
period of 3 years from the date at which it released to service  
the aircraft or aircraft component to which the work relates.  
(c) The CAO shall retain a copy of the records referred to in p oints 
(a)(2) to (a)(4) for a period of 2 years from the date at which  
the aircraft has been permanently withdrawn from service.  
(d) All records shall be stored in a manner that ensures protec tion 
from damage, alteration and theft.  
(e) All computer hardware used for backup of the maintenance 
records shall be stored in a different location from that 
containing those data and in an environment that ensures that 
they remain in good condition.  
(f) Where the continuing airworthiness management of an aircraf t 
is transferred to another organisation or person, all the recor ds 
retained under points (a)(2) to (a)(4) shall be transferred to that 
organisation or person. From the moment of the transfer, points  
(b) and (c) shall apply to that organisation or person.  
(g) Where the CAO terminates its operation, all retained record s 
shall be transferred as follows:  
(1) the records referred to in point (a)(1) shall be transferre d to 
the last owner or customer of the respective aircraft or 
component or shall be stored as specified by the 
competent authority;  
(2) the records referred to in point (a)(2) to (a)(4) shall be 
transferred to the owner of the aircraft.  
CAO.A.095  Privileges of the organisation  
The CAO shall have the following privileges:  
(a) Maintenance  
(1) Maintain any aircraft or component for which it is approved  
at the locations specified in the approval certificate and the 
CAE.  
(2) Arrange for the performance of specialised services at 
another organisation appropriately qualified under the 
control of the CAO, in accordance with the appropriate 
procedures set out in the CAE and approved by the 
competent authority.  
(3) Maintain any aircraft or component for which it is approved  
at any location, where the need of such maintenance arises 
either from the unserviceability of the aircraft or the need 
for supporting occasional maintenance, in accordance with 
the conditions specified in the CAE.  
(4) Issue certificates of release to service upon completion of  
maintenance, in accordance with point CAO.A.065 or 
CAO.A.070.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 362
 
(b) Continuing airworthiness management  
(1) Manage the continuing airworthiness of any aircraft for 
which it is approved.  
(2) Approve the AMP, in accordance with point (b)(2) of 
point ML.A.302, for aircraft managed in accordance with 
Annex Vb (Part-ML).  
(3) Carry out limited continuing airworthiness tasks with any 
contracted organisation working under their quality system, 
as listed on the approval certificate.  
▼M8 
(4) Extend, in accordance with point M.A.901(f) of Annex I 
(Part-M) or point ML.A.901(c) of Annex Vb (Part-ML), an 
ARC that has been issued by the competent authority, 
another organisation or person as applicable.  
▼C1 
(c) Airworthiness review:  
(1) A CAO with its principal place of business in one of the 
Member States, the approval of which includes 
the privileges referred to in point (b), may be approved to 
carry out airworthiness reviews in accordance with 
point M.A.901 of Annex I (Part-M) or point ML.A.903 of 
Annex Vb (Part-ML), as applicable, and:  
(i) issue the related ARC or recommendation for the 
issuance of the ARC;  
(ii) extend the validity of an existing ARC.  
(2) A CAO with its principal place of business in one of the 
Member States, the approval of which includes 
the privileges referred to in point (a), may be approved to 
carry out airworthiness reviews in accordance with 
point ML.A.903 of Annex Vb (Part-ML) and issue the 
related ARC.  
(d) Permit to fly  
A CAO with its principal place of business in one of the 
Member States, the approval of which includes the privileges 
referred to in point (c), may be approved to issue a permit to fly 
in accordance with point (d) of point 21.A.711 of Annex I 
(Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 for those aircraft 
for which it can issue the ARC when it attests conformity 
with the approved flight conditions, in accordance with an 
adequate procedure provided for in the CAE.  
(e) A CAO may be approved for one or more privileges.  
CAO.A.100  Quality system and organisational review  
(a) To ensure that the CAO continues to meet the requirements o f 
this Annex, this organisation shall establish a quality system 
and designate a quality manager.  
(b) The quality system shall monitor the carrying out of the 
activities of the organisation covered by this Annex. It shall 
monitor in particular:  
(1) that all those activities are performed in accordance with the 
approved procedures;  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 363
 
(2) that all contracted maintenance tasks are carried out in 
accordance with the contract;  
(3) that the organisation continues to comply with the 
requirements of this Annex.  
(c) The records of that monitoring shall be retained for at lea st the 
previous 2 years.  
(d) Where the organisation holding a CAO approval is additional ly 
approved in accordance with an Annex other than this Annex, 
the quality system may be combined with that required by the 
other Annex.  
(e) A CAO shall be considered as a small CAO when one of the 
following condition is met:  
(1) The scope of the CAO does only contain aircraft covered 
by Part-ML.  
(2) The CAO does not exceed 10 full-time equivalent staff 
involved in maintenance.  
(3) The CAO does not exceed 5 full-time equivalent staff 
involved in continuing airworthiness management.  
(f) In the case of a small CAO, the quality system may be repla ced 
by regular organisational reviews, subject to the approval of t he 
competent authority. In that case, the CAO shall not contract 
continuing airworthiness management tasks to other parties.  
CAO.A.105  Changes to the organisation  
▼M11  
(a) In order to enable the competent authority to determine 
continued compliance with this Annex, the CAO shall notify 
the competent authority of any proposal to carry out any of the  
following changes, before such changes take place:  
▼C1 
(1) changes affecting the information contained in the approval  
certificate laid down in Appendix I and the terms of 
approval of this Annex;  
(2) changes of the persons referred to in points CAO.A.035(a) 
and (b);  
(3) changes in the aircraft types covered by the scope of work 
referred to in point (a)(1) of point CAO.A.020 in the case 
of aeroplanes of more than 2 730 kg maximum take-off 
mass (MTOM) and in the case of helicopters of more 
than 1 200 kg MTOM or certified for more than 4 
occupants;  
(4) changes in the scope of work referred to in point (a)(2) of  
CAO.A.020 in the case of complete turbine engines;  
(5) changes in the control procedure set out in point (b) of th is 
point.  
(b) Any other changes in locations, facilities, equipment, tool s, 
material, procedures, scope of work and staff shall be controll ed 
by the CAO through a control procedure provided for in the 
CAE. The CAO shall submit a description of those changes and 
the corresponding CAE amendments to the competent authority 
within 15 days from the day on which the change took place.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 364
 
CAO.A.110  Continued validity  
(a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration and s hall 
remain valid subject to:  
(1) the organisation remaining in compliance with the 
requirements of this Annex, in particular how the findings 
are handled in accordance with point CAO.A.115;  
(2) the competent authority being granted access to the organ­
isation to determine continued compliance with the 
requirements of this Annex;  
(3) the competent authority not having surrendered or revoked 
the approval.  
(b) Upon surrender or revocation of the approval, the organisat ion 
shall return the approval certificate to the competent authorit y. 
CAO.A.115  Findings  
(a) A Level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with 
Part-CAO requirements which lowers the safety standard and 
seriously hazards flight safety.  
(b) A Level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the Part-CAO 
requirements which may lower the safety standard and possibly 
hazard flight safety.  
(c) After receiving a notification of a finding in accordance w ith 
point CAO.B.060, the CAO shall adopt a corrective action plan 
and demonstrate to the satisfaction of the competent authority 
that it has taken the necessary corrective action to address th e 
finding within the time period set by that authority.  
SECTION B  
AUTHORITY REQUIREMENTS  
CAO.B.010  Scope  
This Section establishes the administrative requirements to be met 
by the competent authorities in connection to the requirements for 
organisations set out in Section A.  
CAO.B.017  Means of compliance  
(a) The Agency shall develop Acceptable Means of Compliance 
(‘AMC’) that may be used to demonstrate compliance with 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing 
acts. 
(b) Alternative means of compliance may be used to demonstrate 
compliance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 and its delegated 
and implementing acts  
(c) The competent authority shall establish a system to consist ently 
evaluate that all alternative means of compliance used by organ ­
isations under its oversight allow for the establishment of 
compliance with Regulation (EU) No 2018/1139 and its 
delegated and implementing acts.  
(d) The competent authority shall evaluate all alternative mean s of 
compliance proposed by an organisation in accordance with 
point CAO.A.017 by analysing the documentation provided 
and, if considered necessary, conducting an inspection of the 
organisation.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 365
 
When the competent authority finds that the alternative means 
of compliance are in accordance with Regulation (EU) 
2018/1139 and its delegated and implementing acts, it shall 
without undue delay:  
(1) notify the applicant that the alternative means of complian ce 
may be used and, if applicable, amend the approval or 
certificate of the applicant accordingly;  
(2) notify the Agency of their content, including copies of all  
relevant documentation.  
CAO.B.020  Record-keeping  
(a) The competent authority shall establish a system of 
record-keeping that allows adequate traceability of the process  
to keep the records for issuing, continuing, changing, 
suspending or revoking each issued certificate.  
(b) The records of the competent authority for the oversight of  
organisations approved in accordance with this Annex shall 
include, as a minimum:  
(1) the application for an organisation approval;  
(2) the organisation approval certificate, including any change s 
thereto;  
(3) a copy of the audit programme of the organisation, listing 
the dates at which audits were carried out and when they 
are due;  
(4) the continuing-oversight records, including all audit 
records, as provide for in point CAO.B.055;  
(5) all findings, actions required to close the findings and 
recommendations;  
(6) copies of all relevant correspondence with the 
organisation;  
(7) details of any exemption in accordance with 
point CAO.B.035 and enforcement actions;  
(8) any report from other competent authorities relating to the  
oversight of the organisation;  
(9) CAE and its amendments;  
(10) copies of any other document approved by the competent 
authority.  
(c) The retention period for the records listed under point (b)  shall 
be at least 5 years.  
(d) All records shall be made available to the competent author ity 
of another Member State or the Agency, upon request.  
CAO.B.025  Mutual exchange of information  
(a) Where necessary for the performance of their tasks under th is 
Regulation, the competent authorities shall exchange 
information.  
(b) In the case of a potential safety threat involving several Member 
States, the competent authorities concerned shall assist each 
other in carrying out the necessary oversight action.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 366
 
CAO.B.030  Responsibilities  
The competent authority shall conduct the necessary inspections  and 
investigations in order to verify and ensure that the organisat ions for 
which it is responsible in accordance with point CAO.1 meets th e 
requirements of Section A of this Annex.  
CAO.B.035  Exemptions  
Where a Member State grants an exemption from the requirements 
of this Annex in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 71 of 
Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, the competent authority shall record  
the exemption. It shall retain those records as provided for in  
point (b)(6) of point CAO.B.020.  
CAO.B.040  Application  
Where facilities of the CAO are located in more than one Member  
State, the initial certification procedure and continued oversi ght of 
the approval shall be carried out in cooperation with the compe tent 
authorities designated by the Member States in whose territory the 
other facilities are located.  
CAO.B.045  Initial certification procedure  
(a) Where it has been established that the organisation meets t he 
requirements laid down in points (a) and (b) of CAO.A.035, the 
competent authority shall formally notify the applicant about t he 
acceptance of the personnel.  
(b) The competent authority shall ensure that the procedures 
specified in the CAE comply with Section A, and that the 
accountable manager has signed the commitment statement 
referred to in point (a)(1) of CAO.A.025.  
(c) The competent authority shall verify that the organisation 
complies with Section A.  
(d) The competent authority shall convene a meeting with the 
accountable manager at least once during the investigation for 
approval to ensure that he or she fully understand the 
significance of the approval and the statement referred to in 
point (a)(1) of CAO.A.025  
(e) All findings in accordance with point CAO.B.060 shall be 
confirmed in writing to the applicant organisation.  
(g) Before issuing the approval the competent authority shall c lose 
all be findings after the organisation has corrected them.  
▼M8 __________  
▼C1 
CAO.B.050  Issuance of the initial certificate  
▼M8 
(a) Where the competent authority has established that the appl icant 
complies with point CAO.B.045, it shall issue the certificate, 
using the EASA Form 3-CAO template laid down in Appendix 
I and specifying the terms of approval.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 367
 
(b) The competent authority shall include the reference number of 
the CAO as specified in the EASA Form 3-CAO template laid 
down in Appendix I.  
CAO.B.055  Continuing oversight  
(a) The competent authority shall establish and keep up-to-date , an 
oversight programme, specifying all CAOs to which it has 
issued a certificate and the dates at which it has audited and 
is scheduled to audit those CAOs.  
(b) The competent authority shall audit, at, periods not exceed ing 
24 months each CAO to which it has issued an approval. Those 
audits shall concentrate, in particular, on the changes to the 
organisation notified to it in accordance with the procedure 
specified in point (b) of point CAO.A.105.  
(c) A relevant sample of the aircraft managed by the CAO, if th e 
organisation is approved to do so, shall be surveyed at every 2 4- 
month period. The size of the sample shall be decided by the 
competent authority based on the result of prior audits and 
earlier product surveys.  
(d) The competent authority shall confirm in writing any findin g 
during those audits to the CAO.  
(e) The competent authority shall record any findings during th ose 
audits, any actions required to close the findings and any reco m­
mendations issued.  
(f) The competent authority shall convey a meeting with the 
accountable manager of the CAO at least once every 24 months.  
CAO.B.060  Findings  
(a) When during audits or by any other means, evidence is found  
showing non-compliance to the Part-CAO requirements, the 
competent authority shall take the following actions:  
(1) for Level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by th e 
competent authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or 
in part, depending upon the extent of the Level 1 finding, 
the CAO approval, until successful corrective action has 
been taken by the organisation; and  
(2) for Level 2 findings, the competent authority shall grant a  
corrective action period of no more than 3 months, appro­
priate to the nature of the finding — in certain circum­
stances, at the end of this first period and subject to the 
nature of the finding, the competent authority can extend 
this 3-month period subject to a satisfactory corrective 
action plan.  
(b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend  in 
whole or in part the approval in case of failure to comply with in 
the timescale set out by the competent authority.  
CAO.B.065  Changes  
(a) Upon receiving an application for a change in accordance wi th 
point (a) of point CAO.A.105, the competent authority shall 
verify the organisation's compliance with the applicable 
requirements before issuing the approval of the change.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 368
 
(b) The competent authority may indicate the conditions under 
which the CAO shall operate during the change unless the 
competent authority determines that the organisation's certific ate 
shall be suspended because of the nature or extent of the 
changes.  
(c) For changes not requiring prior approval, the competent 
authority shall assess during the oversight activities that the  
CAO complies with the approved control procedure provided 
for in point (b) of point CAO.A.105 and complies with the 
applicable requirements.  
CAO.B.070  Suspension, limitation and revocation  
The competent authority shall:  
(a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of a 
potential safety threat; or  
(b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to 
point CAO.B.060.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 369
 
Appendix I  
Combined airworthiness organisation (CAO) certificate — EASA Form 3- 
CAO  
(a) Within the approval class(es) and rating(s) established by the competent 
authority, the scope of work specified in the CAE defines the e xact limits 
of approval. It is therefore essential that the approval class( es) and rating(s) 
and the organisations scope of work are matching.  
(b) An  aircraft rating , in relation to the maintenance privileges, means that the 
CAO may carry out maintenance on the aircraft and any component  
(including engines), in accordance with aircraft maintenance da ta or, if 
agreed by the competent authority, in accordance with component  main­
tenance data, only whilst such components are fitted to the air craft. Never­
theless, such  aircraft-rated  CAO may temporarily remove a component for 
maintenance in order to improve access to that component except  when such 
removal creates the need for additional maintenance not eligibl e for the 
requirements of point (b). This will be subject to a control pr ocedure in 
the CAE to be approved by the competent authority.  
(c) An  engine rating (turbine, piston or electrical)  means that the CAO may 
carry out maintenance on the uninstalled engine and engine comp onents, in 
accordance with engine maintenance data or, if agreed by the co mpetent 
authority, in accordance with component maintenance data, only whilst 
such components are fitted to the engine. Nevertheless, such  engine-rated  
CAO may temporarily remove a component for maintenance in order  to 
improve access to that component except when such removal creat es the 
need for additional maintenance not eligible for the requiremen ts of 
point (c). An  engine-rated  CAO may also carry out maintenance on an 
installed engine during base and line maintenance subject to a control 
procedure in the CAE to be approved by the competent authority.  
(d) A  component rating (other-than-complete engines)  means that the CAO 
may carry out maintenance on uninstalled components (excluding complete 
engines) intended for fitment to the aircraft or engine. This C AO may also 
carry out maintenance on an installed component (other-than-com plete 
engines) during base and line maintenance or at an engine maint enance 
facility subject to a control procedure in the CAE to be approv ed by the 
competent authority.  
(e) An  non-destructive testing (NDT) rating  is a self-contained rating not 
necessarily related to a specific aircraft, engine or other com ponent. The 
NDT rating is only necessary for a CAO that carries out NDT as a particular 
task for another organisation. A CAO approved with an aircraft,  engine or 
component rating may carry out NDT on products they are maintai ning 
subject to the CAE containing NDT procedures, without the need for an 
NDT rating.  ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 370
 
▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 371
 
► (1) M8 ▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 372
 
▼C1 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 373
 
ANNEX VI  
Correlation Table  
Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003  This Regulation  
Article 1  Article 1  
Article 2  Article 2  
Article 3(1), (2) and (3)  Article 3(1), (2) and (3)  
Article 3(4)  —  
Article 4  Article 4  
Article 5  Article 5  
Article 6  Article 6  
— Article 7  
Article 7(1)  Article 8(1)  
Article 7(2)  —  
Article 7(3), introductory wording  Article 8(2), introductory wording  
Article 7(3)(a) to (g)  —  
Article 7(3)(h)  Article 8(2)(a)  
Article 7(3)(i)  Article 8(2)(b)  
Article 7(4)  —  
Article 7(5)  Article 8(3)  
Article 7(6)  —  
Article 7(7)  —  
Article 7(8)  Article 8(4)  
Article 7(9)  Article 8(5)  
Article 8  Article 9  
Annex I  Annex I  
Annex II  Annex II  
Annex III  Annex III  
Annex IV  Annex IV  
— Annex V  
— Annex VI  ▼B 02014R1321 — EN — 02.12.2021 — 011.001 — 374