1980L0777 — EN — 13.12.1996 — 001.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
of 15July 1980
on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the exploitation and marketing
of natural mineral waters
(80/777/EEC)
(OJ L 229, 30.8.1980, p. 1)
Amended by:
Official Journal
Nopage date
►M1Council Directive 80/1276/EEC of 22 December 1980 L 375 77 31.12.1980
►M2Council Directive 85/7/EEC of 19 December 1984 L 2 22 3.1.1985
►M3Directive 96/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28
October 1996 L 299 26 23.11.1996
Amended by:
►A1Act of Accession of Spain and Portugal L 302 23 15.11.1985
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COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
of 15July 1980
on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to
the exploitation and marketing of natural mineral waters
(80/777/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission(1),
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(2),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee(3),
Whereas the laws of the Member States define natural mineral waters;
whereas differing definitions are adopted in this connection within theCommunity; whereas these laws lay down the terms on which naturalmineral waters are recognized as such and govern the conditions forexploiting the springs; whereas they furthermore stipulate specific rulesfor marketing the waters in question;
Whereas the differences between these laws hinder the free movement
of the natural mineral waters, creating disparate competitive situations,and consequently directly affect the establishing and functioning of thecommon market;
Whereas, in this particular case, the elimination of these barriers may be
achieved both by an obligation on each Member State to allow themarketing in its territory of the natural mineral waters recognized assuch by each of the other member States and by laying down commonrules concerning in particular the microbiological requirements to befulfilled and the conditions in which specific names must be used forcertain of the mineral waters;
Whereas, pending the conclusion of agreements on mutual recognition
of natural mineral waters between the Community and third countries,the terms should be laid down on which, until implementation of thesaid agreements, similar products imported from third countries may beallowed to enter the Community as natural mineral waters,
Whereas care should be taken to ensure that natural mineral waters
retain at the marketing stage those characteristics which enabled them tobe recognized as such; whereas, therefore, the containers used forpackaging them should have suitable closures;
Whereas, in respect of labelling, natural mineral waters are subject to
the general rules laid down by Council Directive 79/112/EEC of 18December 1978 on the approximation of the laws of the Member Statesrelating to the labelling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs forsale tothe ultimate co nsumer(
4); whereas, accordingly, this Directive
may be limited to laying down the additions and derogations whichshould be made to those general rules;
Whereas, in order to simplify and speed up the procedure, the Commis-
sion should be entrusted with the task of adopting technical imple-menting measures, and in particular defining the procedure for takingsamples and the methods of analysis necessary to check the compositionof natural mineral waters;
Whereas, in all cases in which the Council entrusts the Commission
with responsibility for implementing rules laid down concerning food-stuffs intended for human consumption, provision should be made for a
(1) OJ NoC 69, 11. 6. 1970, p. 14.
(2) OJ NoC 45, 10. 5. 1971, p. 5.
(3) OJ NoC 36, 19. 4. 1971, p. 14.
(4) OJ NoL 33, 8. 2. 1979, p. 1.
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procedure establishing close cooperation between the Member States
and the Commission within the Standing Committee for Foodstuffs, setup by Decision 69/414/EEC (
1),
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
1. This Directive concerns waters extracted from the ground of a
Member State and recognized by the responsible authority of thatMember State as natural mineral waters satisfying the provisions ofAnnex I, Section I.
2. This Directive also concerns waters extracted from the ground of a
third country, imported into the Community and recognized as naturalmineral waters by the responsible authority of a Member State.
The waters referred toin the first subparagraph may be soreco gnized
only if the responsible authority in the country of extraction has certi-fied that they satisfy Annex I, Section I, and that regular checks aremade on the application of the provisions of Annex II, paragraph 2.
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The validity of the certification referred to in the second subparagraphmay not exceed a period of five years. It shall not be necessary to repeatthe recognition procedure referred to in the first subparagraph if thecertification is renewed before the end of the said period.
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3. This Directive shall not apply:
— to waters which are medicinal products within the meaning of
Directive 65/65/EEC (2),
— to natural mineral waters used at source for curative purposes in
thermal or hydromineral establishments.
4. The grounds for granting the recognition referred to in paragraphs
1 and 2, shall be stated in due form by the responsible authority of theMember State and shall be officially published.
5. Each Member State shall inform the Commission of the cases
where the recognition referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 has beengranted or withdrawn. The list of natural mineral waters so recognizedshall be published in the Official Journal of the European Communities .
Article 2
Member States shall take the measures necessary toensure that o nly the
waters referred to in Article 1 which comply with the provisions of thisDirective may be marketed as natural mineral waters.
Article 3
Natural mineral water springs may be exploited and their waters bottled
only in accordance with Annex II.
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Article 4
1. Natural mineral water, in its state at source, may not be the subject
of any treatment other than:
(a) the separation of its unstable elements, such as iron and sulphur
compounds, by filtration or decanting, possibly preceded byoxygenation, in so far as this treatment does not alter the composi-tion of the water as regards the essential constituents which give itits properties;
(1) OJ NoL 291, 19. 11. 1969, p. 9.
(2) OJ No22, 9. 2. 1965, p. 369/65.
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(b) the separation of iron, manganese and sulphur compounds and
arsenic from certain natural mineral waters by treatment withozone-enriched air in so far as such treatment does not alter thecomposition of the water as regards the essential constituents whichgive it its properties, and provided that:
— the treatment complies with the conditions for use to be laid
down in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 12and following consultation of the Scientific Committee for Foodestablished by Commission Decision 95/273/EC (
1),
— the treatment is notified to, and specifically controlled by, the
competent authorities;
(c) the separation of undesirable constituents other than those specified
in (a) or (b), in so far as this treatment does not alter the composi-tion of the water as regards the essential constituents which give itits properties, and provided that:
— the treatment complies with the conditions for use to be laid
down in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 12and following consultation of the Scientific Committee forFood,
— the treatment is notified to, and specifically controlled by, the
competent authorities;
(d) the total or partial elimination of free carbon dioxide by exclusively
physical methods.
2. Natural mineral water, in its state at source, may not be the subject
of any addition other than the introduction or the reintroduction ofcarbon dioxide under the conditions laid down in Annex I, Section III.
3. In particular, any disinfection treatment by whatever means and,
subject to paragraph 2, the addition of bacteriostatic elements or anyother treatment likely to change the viable colony count of the naturalmineral water shall be prohibited.
4. Paragraph 1 shall not constitute a bar to the utilization of natural
mineral waters and spring waters in the manufacture of soft drinks.
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Article 5
1. The revivable total colony count of a natural mineral water at
source shall conform to its normal viable colony count and give satis-factory evidence of the protection of the source against all contamina-tion. This total colony count shall be determined under the conditionslaid down in Annex I, Section II, point 1.3.3.
After bottling, the total colony count at source may not exceed 100 per
millilitre at 20 to22 °C in 72 hours on agar-agar or an agar-gelatine
mixture and 20 per millilitre at 37 °C in 24 hours on agar-agar. The
total colony count shall be measured within the 12 hours followingbottling, the water being maintained at 4 °C±1 °C during this 12-
hour period.
At source, these values should not normally exceed 20 per millilitre at
20 to22 °C in 72 hours and 5 per millilitre at 37 °Ci n2 4h ou r s
respectively, on the understanding that they are to be considered asguide figures and not as maximum permitted concentrations.
2. At source and during its marketing, a natural mineral water shall
be free from:
(a) parasites and pathogenic micro-organisms;
(b)Escherichia coli and other coliforms and faecal streptococci in any
250 ml sample examined;
(c) sporulated sulphite-reducing anaerobes in any 50 ml sample exam-
ined;
(1) OJ NoL 167, 18. 7. 1995, p. 22.
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(d)Pseudomonas aeruginosa in any 250 ml sample examined.
3. Without prejudice to paragraphs 1 and 2 and the conditions of
exploitation laid down in Annex II, at the marketing stage:
— the revivable total colony count of a natural mineral water may only
be that resulting from the normal increase in the bacteria contentwhich it had at source,
— the natural mineral water may not contain any organoleptic defects.
Article 6
Any containers used for packaging natural mineral waters shall be fitted
with closures designed to avoid any possibility of adulteration orcontamination.
Article 7
1. The sales description of natural mineral waters shall be ‘natural
mineral water'or, in the case of an effervescent natural mineral water asdefined in Annex I, Section III, as appropriate, ‘naturally carbonatednatural mineral water',‘natural mineral water fortified with gas from thespring' or ‘carbonated natural mineral water'.
The sales description of natural mineral waters which have undergone
any of the treatments referred to in Article 4 (1) (d) shall have added toit as appropriate the indication ‘fully de-carbonated' or ‘partially de-carbonated'.
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2. Labels on natural mineral waters shall also give the followingmandatory information:
(a) a statement of the analytical composition, giving its characteristic
constituents;
(b) the place where the spring is exploited and the name of the spring;
(c) information on any treatments referred to in Article 4 (1) (b) and
(c).
2a. In the absence of Community provisions on information on any
treatments referred toin paragraph 2 (c), Member States may maintainthe national provision.
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Article 8
1. The name of a locality, hamlet or place may occur in the wording
of a trade description provided that it refers to a natural mineral waterthe spring of which is exploited at the place indicated by that descrip-tion and provided that it is not misleading as regards the place ofexploitation of the spring.
2. It shall be forbidden to market natural mineral water from one and
the same spring under more than one trade description.
3. When the labels or inscriptions on the containers in which the
natural mineral waters are offered for sale include a trade descriptiondifferent from the name of the spring or the place of its exploitation,this place or the name of the spring shall be indicated in letters at leastone and a half times the height and width of the largest of the lettersused for that trade description.
The first subparagraph shall apply, mutatis mutandis and with the same
intention as regards the importance attributed to the name of the springor the place of its exploitation, with regard to the trade description usedin advertising, in whatsoever form, relating to natural mineral waters.
Article 9
1. It shall be forbidden, both on packaging or labels and in advert-
ising in whatsoever form, to use designations, proprietary names, trade
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marks, brand names, illustrations or other signs, whether emblematic or
not, which:
(a) in the case of a natural mineral water, suggest a characteristic which
the water does not possess, in particular as regards its origin, thedate of the authorization to exploit it, the results of analyses or anysimilar references toguarantees o f authenticity;
(b) in the case of drinking water packaged in containers which does not
satisfy the provisions of Annex I, Section I, are liable to causeconfusion with a natural mineral water, in particular the description‘mineral water'.
2. (a) All indications attributing to natural mineral water properties
relating to the prevention, treatment or cure of a human illnessshall be prohibited.
(b) However, the indications listed in Annex III to this Directive
shall be authorized if they meet the relevant criteria laid down inthat Annex or, in the absence thereof, criteria laid down innational provisions and provided that they have been drawn upon the basis of physico-chemical analyses and, where necessary,pharmacological, physiological and clinical examinations carriedout according to recognized scientific methods, in accordancewith Section I, paragraph 2 of Annex I.
(c) Member States may authorize the indications ‘stimulates diges-
tion',‘may facilitate the hepato-biliary functions'or similar indi-cations. They may also authorize the inclusion of other indica-tions, provided that the latter do not conflict with the principlesstated in (a) and are compatible with those stated in (b).
3. Member States may adopt special provisions regarding informa-
tion — both on packaging or labels and in advertising — concerning thesuitability of a natural mineral water for the feeding of infants. Suchprovisions may also concern the properties of the water which deter-mine the use of the said information.
Member States which intend taking such measures shall inform the
other Member States and the Commission of them beforehand.
4. Not later than three years after notification of this Directive, the
Commission shall submit to the Council a report and, where appro-priate, suitable proposals on the application of the provisions referred toin 1.2.12 of Annex I, Section II.
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4a. The term ‘spring water' shall be reserved for a water which isintended for human consumption in its natural state, and bottled atsource, which:
— satisfies the conditions of exploitation laid down in Annex II, para-
graphs 2 and 3, which shall be fully applicable tospring waters,
— satisfies the microbiological requirements laid down in Article 5,— satisfies the labelling requirements of Article 7 (2) (b) and (c) and
Article 8,
— has not undergone any treatment other than those referred to in
Article 4. Other treatments may be authorized in accordance withthe procedure laid down in Article 12.
In addition, spring waters shall comply with the provisions of Council
Directive 80/778/EEC of 15 July 1980 relating to the quality of waterintended for human consumption (
1).
4b. In the absence of Community provisions on the treatment for
spring waters referred to in the fourth indent of Article 9 (4a) MemberStates may maintain the national provisions on the treatments.
(1) OJ NoL 229, 30. 8. 1980, p. 11. Directive as last amended by the 1994
Act of Accession.
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Article 10
1. Member States shall adopt the measures necessary to ensure that
trade in natural mineral waters which comply with the definitions andrules laid down in this Directive cannot be impeded by the applicationof non-harmonized national provisions governing the properties, compo-sition, conditions of exploitation, packaging or labelling of naturalmineral waters or foodstuffs in general.
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Article 10a
1. Where a Member State has detailed grounds for considering that a
natural mineral water does not comply with the provisions laid down inthis Directive, or endangers public health, albeit freely circulating inone or more Member States, that Member State may temporarily restrictor suspend trade in that product within its territory. It shall immediatelyinform the Commission and the other Member States thereof and givereasons for its decision.
2. At the request of any Member State or the Commission, the
Member State which has recognized the water shall provide all relevantinformation concerning recognition of the water, together with theresults of the regular checks.
3. The Commission shall examine as soon as possible the grounds
adduced by the Member State referred toin paragraph 1 within theStanding Committee for Foodstuffs, and shall then deliver its opinionforthwith and take appropriate measures.
4. If the Commission considers that amendments to this Directive are
necessary in order to ensure the protection of public health, it shallinitiate the procedure laid down in Article 12, with a view to adoptingthose amendments. The Member State which has adopted safeguardmeasures may, in that event, retain them until the amendments havebeen adopted.
Article 11
1. The following shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure
laid down in Article 12:
— limits for the levels of constituents of natural mineral waters,— any necessary provisions for the indication on the labelling of high
levels of certain constituents,
— the conditions of use of ozone-enriched air referred to in Article 4
(1) (b),
— the information on the treatments referred to in Article 7 (2) (c).
2. The following may be adopted in accordance with the procedure
laid down in Article 12:
— methods of analysis, including limits of detection, to determine the
absence of pollution of natural mineral waters,
— the sampling procedures and the methods of analysis necessary for
checking the microbiological characteristics of natural mineralwaters.
Article 11a
Any decision likely to have an effect on public health shall be adopted
by the Commission following consultation of the Scientific Committeefor Food.
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Article 12
1. Where the procedure laid down in this Article is to be followed,
the matter shall be referred to the Standing Committee on Foodstuffs,hereinafter called ‘the Committee',by its Chairman, either on his owninitiative or at the request of the representative of a Member State.
2. The Commission representative shall submit a draft of the meas-
ures tobe taken tothe Co mmittee. The Co mmittee shall deliver itsopinion on that draft within a time limit set by the chairman havingregard to the urgency of the matter. Opinions shall be arrived at by amajority of ►
A1fifty-four ◄votes, the votes of the Member States
being weighted in accordance with Article 148 (2) of the Treaty. TheChairman shall not vote.
3. (a) Where the measures envisaged are in accordance with the
opinion of the Committee the Commission shall adopt them.
(b) where the measures envisaged are not in accordance with the
opinion of the Committee, or if no opinion is delivered, theCommission shall forthwith submit to the Council a proposal onthe measures tobe taken. The Co uncil shall act by a qualifiedmajority.
(c) if within three months of the matter being brought before it the
Council has not acted, the measures proposed shall be adoptedby the Commission.
Article 13
Article 12 shall apply ►
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which the matter was first referred tothe Co mmittee after 1 January1985◄under Article 12 (1).
Article 14
This Directive shall not apply to natural mineral waters intended for
export to third countries.
Article 15
Member States shall make such amendments totheir laws as may be
necessary to comply with this Directive and shall forthwith inform theCommission thereof; the laws thus amended shall be applied in such away as to:
— permit trade in products complying with this Directive not later than
two years after its notification,
— prohibit trade in products not complying with this Directive four
years after its notification.
Article 16
This Directive shall also apply to the overseas departments of the
French Republic.
Article 17
This Directive is addressed tothe Member States.
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ANNEX I
I. DEFINITION
1. ‘Natural mineral water' means microbiologically wholesome water,
within the meaning of Article 5, originating in an underground watertable or deposit and emerging from a spring tapped at one or morenatural or bore exits.
Natural mineral water can be clearly distinguished from ordinary
drinking water:
(a) by its nature, which is characterized by its mineral content, trace
elements or other constituents and, where appropriate, by certaineffects;
(b) by its original state,both characteristics having been preserved intact because of the under-
ground origin of such water, which has been protected from all risk ofpollution.
2. These characteristics, which may give natural mineral water properties
favourable to health, must have been assessed:
(a) from the following points of view:
1. geological and hydrological,2. physical, chemical and physico-chemical,3. microbiological,4. if necessary, pharmacological, physiological and clinical;
(b) according to the criteria listed in Section II;
(c) according to scientific methods approved by the responsible
authority.
The analyses referred to in (a) (4) may be optional where the water
presents the compositional characteristics on the strength of which it wasconsidered a natural mineral water in the Member State of origin prior tothe entry into force of this Directive. This is the case in particular whenthe water in question contains, per kg, both at source and after bottling, aminimum of 1 000 mg of total solids in solution or a minimum of250 mg of free carbon dioxide.
3. The composition, temperature and other essential characteristics of
natural mineral water must remain stable within the limits of naturalfluctuation; in particular, they must not be affected by possible variationsin the rate of flow.
Within the meaning of Article 5 (1), the normal viable colony count of
natural mineral water means the reasonably constant total colony count atsource before any treatment, whose qualitative and quantitative composi-tion taken into account in the recognition of that water is checked byperiodic analysis.
II. REQUIREMENTS AND CRITERIA FOR APPLYING THE DEFINITION1.1.Requirements for geological and hydrological surveys
There must be a requirement to supply the following particulars:
1.1.1. the exact site of the catchment with indication of its altitude, on a map
with a scale of not more tha n1:1000;
1.1.2. a detailed geological report on the origin and nature of the terrain;1.1.3. the stratigraphy of the hydrogeological layer;1.1.4. a description of the catchment operations;1.1.5. the demarcation of the area or details of other measures protecting the
spring against pollution.
1.2.Requirements for physical, chemical and physico-chemical surveys
These surveys shall establish:
1.2.1. the rate of flow of the spring;1.2.2. the temperature of the water at source and the ambient temperature;1.2.3. the relationship between the nature of the terrain and the nature and type
of minerals in the water;
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1.2.4. the dry residues at 180 °C and 260 °C;
1.2.5. the electrical conductivity or resistivity, with the measurement tempera-
ture having tobe specified;
1.2.6. the hydrogen ion concentration (pH);1.2.7. the anions and cations;1.2.8. the non-ionized elements;1.2.9. the trace elements;1.2.10. the radio-actinological properties at source;1.2.11. where appropriate, the relative isotope levels of the constituent elements
of water, oxygen (
160—180) and hydrogen (protium, deuterium, tritium);
1.2.12. the toxicity of certain constituent elements of the water, taking account
of the limits laid down for each of them.
1.3.Criteria for microbiological analyses at source
These analyses must include:
1.3.1. demonstration of the absence of parasites and pathogenic micro-organ-
isms;
1.3.2. quantitative determination of the revivable colony count indicative of
faecal contamination:
(a) absence of Escherichia coli and other coliforms in 250 ml at 37 °C
and 44 ·5°C;
(b) absence of faecal streptococci in 250 ml;
(c) absence of sporulated sulphite-reducing anaerobes in 50 ml;
(d) absence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 250 ml.
1.3.3. determination of the revivable total colony count per ml of water:
(i) at 20 to22 °C in 72 hours on agar-agar or an agar-gelatine mixture,
(ii) at 37 °C in 24 hours on agar-agar.
1.4.Requirements for clinical and pharmacological analyses
1.4.1. The analyses, which must be carried out in accordance with scientifically
recognized methods, should be suited to the particular characteristics ofthe natural mineral water and its effects on the human organism, such asdiuresis, gastric and intestinal functions, compensation for mineral defi-ciencies.
1.4.2. The establishment of the consistency and concordance of a substantial
number of clinical observations may, if appropriate, take the place of theanalyses referred toin 1.4.1. Clinical analyses may, in appro priate cases,take the place of the analyses referred to in 1.4.1 provided that theconsistency and concordance of a substantial number of observationsenable the same results tobe o btained.
III. SUPPLEMENTARY QUALIFICATIONS RELATING TO EFFERVES-
CENT NATURAL MINERAL WATERS
At source or after bottling, effervescent natural mineral waters give off carbon
dioxide spontaneously and in a clearly visible manner under normal conditions oftemperature and pressure. They fall into three categories to which the followingdescriptions respectively shall apply:
(a)‘naturally carbonated natural mineral water' means water whose content of
carbon dioxide from the spring after decanting, if any, and bottling is thesame as at source, taking into account where appropriate the reintroduction ofa quantity of carbon dioxide from the same water table or deposit equivalentto that released in the course of those operations and subject to the usualtechnical tolerances;
(b)‘natural mineral water fortified with gas from the spring'means water whose
content of carbon dioxide from the water table or deposit after decanting, ifany, and bottling is greater than that established at source;
(c)‘carbonated natural mineral water' means water to which has been added
carbon dioxide of an origin other than the water table or deposit from whichthe water comes.
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ANNEX II
CONDITIONS FOR THE EXPLOITATION AND MARKETING OF
NATURAL MINERAL WATER
1. Exploitation of a natural mineral water spring shall be subject to permission
from the responsible authority of the country where the water has beenextracted, after it has been established that the water in question complieswith the provisions laid down in point 1 of Annex I.
2. Equipment for exploiting the water must be so installed as to avoid any
possibility of contamination and to preserve the properties, corresponding tothose ascribed to it, which the water possesses at source.
Tothis end, in particular:
(a) the spring or outlet must be protected against the risks of pollution;
(b) the catchment, pipes and reservoirs must be of materials suitable for
water and sobuilt as toprevent any chemical, physico -chemical o rmicrobiological alteration of the water;
(c) the conditions of exploitation, particularly the washing and bottling plant,
must meet hygiene requirements. In particular, the containers must be sotreated or manufactured as to avoid adverse effects on the microbiologicaland chemical characteristics of the natural mineral water;
(d) the transport of natural mineral water in containers other than those
authorized for distribution to the ultimate consumer is prohibited.
However, point (d) need not be applied to mineral waters exploited and
marketed in the territory of a Member State if, in that Member State at thetime of notification of this Directive, transport of the natural mineral water intanks from the spring to the bottling plant was authorized.
3. Where it is found during exploitation that the natural mineral water is polluted
and no longer presents the microbiological characteristics laid down in Article5, the person exploiting the spring must forthwith suspend all operations,particularly the bottling process, until the cause of pollution is eradicated andthe water complies with the provisions of Article 5.
4. The responsible authority in the country of origin shall carry out periodic
checks tosee whether:
(a) the natural mineral water in respect of which exploitation of the spring
has been authorized complies with Section I of Annex I;
(b) the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3 are being applied by the person
exploiting the spring.
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ANNEX III
INDICATIONS AND CRITERIA LAID DOWN IN ARTICLE 9 (2)
Indications Criteria
Low mineral content Mineral salt content, calculated as a
fixed residue, not greater than500 mg/l
Very low mineral content Mineral salt content, calculated as a
fixed residue, not greater than 50 mg/l
Rich in mineral salts Mineral salt content, calculated as a
fixed residue, greater than 1 500 mg/l
Contains bicarbonate Bicarbonate content greater than
600 mg/l
Contains sulphate Sulphate content greater than
200 mg/l
Contains chloride Chloride content greater than
200 mg/l
Contains calcium Calcium content greater than
150 mg/l
Contains magnesium Magnesium content greater than
50 mg/l
Contains fluoride Fluoride content greater than 1 mg/l
Contains iron Bivalent iron content greater than
1 mg/l
Acidic Free carbon dioxide content greater
than 250 mg/l
Contains sodium Sodium content greater than 200 mg/l
Suitable for the preparation of infantfood—
Suitable for a low-sodium diet Sodium content less than 20 mg/l
May be laxative —
May be diuretic —