1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
of 25June 1979
on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the roll-over protection
structures of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors (static testing)
(79/622/EEC)
(OJ L 179, 17.7.1979, p. 1)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►M1Commission Directive 82/953/EEC of 15 December 1982 L 386 31 31.12.1982
►M2Council Directive 87/354/EEC of 25 June 1987 L 192 43 11.7.1987
►M3Commission Directive 88/413/EEC of 22 June 1988 L 200 32 26.7.1988
Amended by:
►A1Act of Accession of Spain and Portugal L 302 23 15.11.1985
▼B
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
of 25June 1979
on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to
the roll-over protection structures of wheeled agricultural or
forestry tractors (static testing)
(79/622/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(
1),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee(2),
Whereas the technical requirements with which tractors must comply
pursuant to national laws relate inter alia to roll-over protection
structures and to their attachment to the tractor;
Whereas those requirements differ from one Member State to another;
whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the samerequirements either in addition to or in place of their existing rules inorder, in particular, to allow the EEC type-approval procedure whichwas the subject of Council Directive 74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 onthe approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-
approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors(
3) to be introduced
in respect of each type of tractor;
Whereas a harmonized component type-approval procedure for roll-over
protection structures and their attachment to the tractor makes it possiblefor each Member State to check compliance with the commonconstruction and testing requirements and to inform the other MemberStates of its findings by sending them copies of the component type-
approval certificate completed for each type of roll-over protection
structure and its attachment to the tractor; whereas the placing of anEEC component type-approval mark on all structures manufactured inconformity with the approved type obviates any need for technicalchecks on those structures in the other Member States;
Whereas common requirements concerning other elements and char-
acteristics of the roll-over protection structure, in particular those
concerning the dimensions, doors, safety glass, devices to preventcontinuous rolling if the tractor overturns, and protection of passengers,will be laid down at a later date;
Whereas the harmonized requirements are intended principally to ensure
safety on the road and at work throughout the Community; whereas forthis reason it is necessary to introduce the obligation for tractors covered
by this Directive to be fitted with roll-over protection structures;
whereas until a date to be determined, the tractors referred to in CouncilDirective 77/536/EEC of 28 June 1977 on the approximation of the lawsof the Member States relating to the roll-over protection structures ofwheeled agricultural or forestry tractors(
4) should be able to be fitted
with roll-over protection structures complying either with Directive 77/
536/EEC or with this Directive;
Whereas the approximation of the national laws relating to tractors
entails reciprocal recognition by Member States of the checks carriedout by each of them on the basis of the common requirements,1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 296, 11. 12. 1978, p. 69.
(2) OJ No C 128, 21. 5. 1979, p. 18.
(3) OJ No L 84, 28. 3. 1974, p. 10.
(4) OJ No L 220, 29. 8. 1977, p. 1.
▼B
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
1. Each Member State shall grant EEC component type-approval for
any type of roll-over protection structure and its tractor attachmentwhich satisfies the construction and testing requirements laid down inAnnexes I to V.
2. A Member State which has granted EEC component type-approval
shall take the measures required to verify, in so far as is necessary and ifneed be in cooperation with the competent authorities in the other
Member States, that production models conform to the approved type.
Such verification shall be limited to spot checks.
Article 2
Member States shall, for each type of roll-over protection structure and
its tractor attachment which they approve pursuant to Article 1, issue to
the manufacturer of the tractor or of the roll-over protection structure, or
to his authorized representative, an EEC component type-approval markconforming to the model shown in Annex VI.
Member States shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the use of
marks liable to create confusion between roll-over protection structureswhich have been component type-approved pursuant to Article 1 andother devices.
Article 3
1. No Member State may prohibit the placing on the market of roll-
over protection structures or their tractor attachments on groundsrelating to their construction if they bear the EEC component type-approval mark.
2. Nevertheless, a Member State may prohibit the placing on the
market of roll-over protection structures bearing the EEC componenttype-approval mark which consistently fail to conform to the approved
type.
That State shall forthwith inform the other Member States and the
Commission of the measures taken, specifying the reasons for its
decision.
Article 4
The competent authorities of each Member State shall within one month
send to the competent authorities of the other Member States copies of
the component type-approval certificates, an example of which is given
in Annex VII, completed for each type of roll-over protection structurewhich they approve or refuse to approve.
Article 5
1. If the Member State which has granted EEC component type-
approval finds that a number of roll-over protection structures and their
tractor attachments bearing the same EEC component type-approvalmark do not conform to the type which it has approved, it shall take thenecessary measures to ensure that production models conform to theapproved type. The competent authorities of that State shall advise those
of the other Member States of the measures taken which may, if
necessary, where there is serious and repeated failure to conform, extendto withdrawal of EEC component type-approval. The said authoritiesshall take the same measures if they are informed by the competentauthorities of another Member State of such failure to conform.
2. The competent authorities of the Member States shall within one
month inform each other of any withdrawal of EEC component type-approval and of the reasons for any such measure.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 3
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Article 6
Any decision taken pursuant to the provisions adopted in implementa-
tion of this Directive to refuse or withdraw component type-approval for
roll-over protection structures and their tractor attachments, or to
prohibit their placing on the market or their use, shall set out in detail thereasons on which it is based. Such decision shall be notified to the partyconcerned, who shall at the same time be informed of the remediesavailable to him under the laws in force in the Member States and of thetime limits allowed for the exercise of such remedies.
Article 7
No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type-approval or national
type-approval in respect of a tractor on grounds relating to the roll-over
protection structure or its tractor attachment if these bear the EEC
component type-approval mark and if the requirements laid down inAnnex VIII have been satisfied.
Article 8
No Member State may refuse or prohibit the sale, registration, entry into
service or use of any tractor on grounds relating to the roll-overprotection structure and its tractor attachment if these bear the EECcomponent type-approval mark and if the requirements laid down in
Annex VIII have been met.
Article 9
This Directive shall apply to tractors as defined in Article 1 of Directive
74/150/EEC having the following characteristics:
— clearance beneath the rear axle of not more than 1 000mm,
— fixed or minimum adjustable track width of one of the driving axles
of 1 150 mm or more,
— possibility of being fitted with a multipoint coupling device for
detachable tools and a draw bar,
— mass of 800 kg or more, corresponding to the unladen weight of the
tractor as defined in section 2.4 of Annex I to Directive 74/150/EEC,including the roll-over protection structure fitted in compliance withthis Directive and tyres of the largest size recommended by the
manufacturer.
Article 10
For the purposes of EEC type-approval, any tractor to which Article 9
refers must be fitted with a roll-over protection structure which satisfies
the requirements laid down in Annexes I to IV.
However, the tractors defined in Article 9 of Directive 77/536/EEC may,
for the purposes of EEC type-approval, be fitted with a roll-overprotection structure which satisfies the requirements laid down inAnnexes I to IV to that Directive.
Article 11
Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of the Annexes to
this Directive to take account of technical progress shall be adopted in
accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Directive 74/
150/EEC.
Article 12
1. Member States shall bring into force the provisions necessary in
order to comply with this Directive within 18 months of its notificationand shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
2. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions of
national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive arecommunicated to the Commission.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 4
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Article 13
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 5
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LIST OF ANNEXES
Annex I: Conditions for EEC component type-approval
Annex II: Conditions for testing the strength of the protection
structures and of their attachment to tractors
Annex III: Test proceduresAnnex IV: Figures
Annex V: Test report model
Annex VI: MarksAnnex VII: Model of EEC component type-approval certificateAnnex VIII: Conditions for EEC type-approval
Annex IX: Annex to the EEC type-approval certificate for a tractor with
regard to the strength of the protection structures and of their
attachment to the tractor (static tests).1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 6
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ANNEX I
CONDITIONS FOR EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL
1. DEFINITION
1.1. ‘Roll-over protection structure’ (safety cab or frame), hereinafter called
‘protection structure’, means the structure on a tractor the essential purpose
of which is to avoid or limit risks to the driver resulting from roll-over of
the tractor during normal use.
1.2. The structures mentioned in 1.1 are characterized by the fact that during
the tests prescribed in Annexes II and III they ensure an unobstructed
space inside them large enough to protect the driver.
2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Every protection structure and its attachment to a tractor must be so
designed and constructed as to fulfil the essential purpose laid down in
section 1.
2.2. This condition is considered to be fulfilled if the requirements of Annexes
II and III are complied with.
3. APPLICATION FOR EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL
3.1. The application for EEC component type-approval with regard to the
strength of a protection structure and the strength of its attachment to a
tractor shall be submitted by the tractor manufacturer or by the
manufacturer of the protection structure or by his authorized representa-
tives.
3.2. The application for EEC component type-approval shall be accompanied
by the undermentioned documents in triplicate and by the following
particulars:
— general arrangement drawing either to a scale marked on the drawing
or giving the main dimensions of the protection structure. This drawing
must in particular show details of the mounting components,
— photographs from side and rear showing mounting details,
— brief description of the protection structure including type of
construction, details of mounting on the tractor and, where necessary,
details of cladding, means of access and escape, details of interior
padding and features to prevent continuous rolling and details of
heating and ventilation,
— details of materials used in structural parts including attaching brackets
and fixing bolts (see Annex V).
3.3. A tractor representative of the tractor type for which the protection
structure to be approved is intended shall be submitted to the technical
service responsible for conducting the component type-approval tests. This
tractor shall be fitted with the protection structure.
3.4. The holder of EEC component type-approval may request its extension to
other tractor types. The competent authority which has granted the original
EEC component type-approval shall grant the extension if the approved
protection structure and the type(s) of tractor for which the extension is
requested comply with the following conditions:
— the mass of the unballasted tractor, as defined in section 1.3 of Annex
II, does not exceed by more than 5 % the reference mass used in the
test,
— the method of attachment and the tractor's components to which the
attachments are made are identical,
— any components such as mudguards and bonnet cowls which may
provide support for the protection structure are identical,
— the position and critical dimensions of the seat in the protection
structure and the relative positions of the protection structure and the
tractor shall be such that the zone of clearance would have remained
within the protection of the deflected structure throughout all tests.
4. MARKINGS
4.1. Every protection structure conforming to the approved type shall bear the
following markings:
4.1.1. the trade mark or name;1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 7
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4.1.2. a component type-approval mark conforming to the model in Annex VI;
4.1.3. serial number of the protection structure;
4.1.4. Make and type(s) of tractor(s) for which the protection structure is
intended.
4.2. All these particulars must appear on a small plate.4.3. These markings must be visible, legible and indelible.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 8
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ANNEX II
CONDITIONS FOR TESTING THE STRENGTH OF THE PROTECTION
STRUCTURES AND OF THEIR ATTACHMENT TO TRACTORS
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Test purposes
Tests made using special rigs are intended to simulate such loads as
are imposed on a protection structure, when the tractor overturns.
These tests, described in Annex III, enable observations to be made
on the strength of the protection structure and any brackets attaching
it to the tractor and any parts of the tractor which transmit the test
force.
1.2. Preparation for test
1.2.1. The protection structure must conform to the series production
specifications. It shall be attached in accordance with the
manufacturer's declared method of attachment to one of the tractors
for which it is designed. A complete tractor is not required for the
test; however, the protection structure and parts of the tractor on
which it is attached for the tests shall represent an operating
installation, hereinafter referred to as ‘the assembly’.
1.2.2. The assembly shall be secured to the bedplate so that the members
connecting the assembly and the bedplate do not deflect signifi-
cantly in relation to the protection structure under loading. Themethod of attachment of the assembly to the bedplate must not of
itself modify the strength of the assembly.
1.2.3. The assembly must be supported and secured or modified so that all
the test energy is absorbed by the protection structure and its
attachment to the rigid components of the tractor.
1.2.3.1. To comply with the requirements of 1.2.3, the modification shall
lock any tractor ride suspension system so as to ensure that it does
not absorb any of the test energy.
1.2.4. For the tests the tractor must be fitted with all structural components
of the series production which may influence the strength of the
protection structure or which may be necessary for the strength test.
Components which may create a hazard in the zone of clearance
must also be fitted so that they may be examined to see whether the
requirements of section 4 have been fulfilled.
1.3. Tractor mass
The reference mass m
t, used in the formulae (see Annex III) to
calculate the energies and the crushing force, shall be at least that
defined in section 2.4 of Annex I to Council Directive 74/150/EEC
(i.e. excluding optional accessories but including coolant, oils, fuel,
tools and driver) plus the protection structure and less 75 kg.
Not included are optional front or rear weights, tyre ballast,
mounted implements, mounted equipment or any specialized
components.
2. APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT
2.1. Horizontal loading tests (side and longitudinal)
2.1.1. Material, equipment and tie-down means adequate to ensure that the
assembly is firmly fixed to the bedplate, independently of tyres if
present.
2.1.2. Means of applying a horizontal force on the protection structure by a
stiff beam as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of Annex IV.
2.1.2.1. The stiff beam shall have a vertical face dimension of 150 mm.
2.1.2.2. Provision must be made so that the load can be uniformly
distributed normal to the direction of loading and along a beam
having a length of one of the exact multiples of 50 between 250 and
700 mm.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 9
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2.1.2.3. The edges of the beam in contact with the protection structure shall
be curved with a maximum radius of 50 mm.
2.1.2.4. Universal joints — or the equivalent — shall be incorporated to
ensure that the loading device does not constrain the structure in
rotation or translation in any direction other than the direction of
loading.
2.1.2.5. Where the horizontal length of the protection structure to which the
load is to be applied does not constitute a straight line normal to the
direction of application of the load, the space shall be packed so as
to distribute the load over this length.
2.1.3. Equipment for measuring as far as is technically possible the energy
absorbed by the protection structure and the rigid parts of the tractor
to which it is attached, for example by measuring the force applied
along its direction of application and the corresponding deflection
relative to a point on the tractor chassis.
2.1.4. Means for proving that the zone of clearance has not been entered
during the test. A rig according to figures 6a, 6b and 6c of Annex IV
can be used.
2.2. Crushing tests (rear and front)
2.2.1. Material, equipment and tie-down means adequate to ensure that the
tractor is firmly fixed to the bedplate, independently of tyres.
2.2.2. Means for applying a vertical force on the protection structure, such
as shown in figure 3 of Annex IV, including a stiff crushing beam
with a width of 250 mm.
2.2.3. Equipment for measuring the total vertical force applied.
2.2.4. Means for proving that the zone of clearance has not been entered
during the test. A rig according to figures 6a, 6b and 6c of Annex IV
can be used.
2.3. Measurement tolerances
2.3.1. Dimensions: ± 3 mm.2.3.2. Deflection: ± 3 mm.
2.3.3. Tractor mass: ± 20 kg.
2.3.4. Loads and forces: ± 2 %.2.3.5. Direction of loading: deviation from horizontal and vertical
directions specified in Annex III:
— at start of test, under zero load: ± 2º,
— during test, under load: 10º above and 20º below the horizontal.
These variations should be kept to a minimum.
3. TESTS3.1. General requirements
3.1.1. Sequence of tests
3.1.1.1. The sequence of tests shall be as follows:3.1.1.1.1. Longitudinal loading (Annex III, 1.2)
For tractors with at least 50 % of the mass as defined in section 1.3
on the rear wheels the longitudinal loading shall be applied from the
rear (case 1). For other tractors the longitudinal loading shall be
applied from the front (case 2).
3.1.1.1.2. First crushing test
The first crushing test shall be applied at the same end of the
protection structure as the longitudinal loading, i. e.:
— at the rear in case 1 (Annex III, 1.5),
— at the front in case 2 (Annex III, 1.6),
3.1.1.1.3. Loading from the side (Annex III, 1.3)1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 10
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3.1.1.1.4. Second crushing test
The second crushing test shall be applied at the opposite end of the
protection structure to the longitudinal loading, i.e.:
— at the front in case 1 (Annex III, 1.6),
— at the rear in case 2 (Annex III, 1.5).
3.1.1.1.5. Second longitudinal loading (Annex III, 1.7)
A second longitudinal loading shall be applied to tractors fitted with
a protection structure designed to be tilted when the direction of
application of the longitudinal loading (see section 3.1.1.1.1) would
not have tilted the protection structure.
3.1.1.2. If, during the test, any part of the restraining equipment breaks or
moves, the test shall be re-started.
3.1.1.3. No repairs or adjustments to the tractor or protection structure may
be carried out during the tests.
3.1.2. Wheel trackwidth
The wheels shall be removed or set at a track width setting which
ensures that no interference can occur with the protection structure
during the tests.
3.1.3. Removal of non-hazard creating components
All components of the tractor and protection structure which, as
complete units, constitute protection for the driver — including
weather protection — shall be supplied complete on a tractor for
inspection.
The protection structure to be tested need not be fitted with front,
side or rear windows of safety glass or similar material and any
detachable panels, fittings and accessories which have no function
of structural strength and which cannot create a hazard in the event
of overturning.
3.1.4. Instrumentation
The protection structure shall be instrumented with the necessary
equipment to obtain the data required to draw the force-deflection
diagram (see figure 4 of Annex IV). Total and permanent protection
structure deflection shall be measured and noted for each stage of
the test (see figure 5 of Annex IV).
3.1.5. Direction of loading
In the case of a tractor whose seat is not on the median plane of the
tractor and/or non-symmetrical strength of the structure, the side
loading will be on the side most likely to lead to infringement of the
zone of clearance during the tests (see also Annex III, 1.3).
4. ACCEPTANCE CONDITIONS
4.1. A protection structure submitted for EEC component type-approval
shall be considered as having satisfied the strength requirements if
after the tests it fulfils the following conditions:
4.1.1. No part of the zone of clearance as described in Item 3.2 of Annex
III has been entered by, or has been outside the protection of, the
protection structure during the tests specified in Items 1.2, 1.3, 1.5,
1.6 and, where appropriate, 1.7 of Annex III.
If an overload test has been carried out, the force applied when the
specified energy is absorbed shall be greater than 0·8 of the
maximum force occuring during both the main test and the overload
test concerned (see figures 4b and 4c of Annex IV).
4.1.►M12◄. During the tests the protection structure must not impose any
constraint on the seat structure.
4.1.3. At the point when the required energy level is attained in each of the
specified horizontal loading tests, the force shall exceed 0·8 Fmax.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 11
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4.2. In addition there shall be no other feature presenting a particular
hazard to the driver e.g. insufficient padding inside the roof or
anywhere else where the driver's head may strike.
5. TEST REPORT
5.1. The test report shall be attached to the EEC component type-
approval certificate referred to in Annex VII. The presentation of the
report shall be as shown in Annex V. It shall include:
5.1.1. A general description of the protection structure's shape and
construction (see Annex V for the obligatory dimensions), including
the provisions for normal entry, exit and escape; the provisions for
heating and ventilation system, and other accessories where these
are available and where they could affect the zone of clearance or
might create a hazard.
5.1.2. Details of any special features such as devices to prevent the
continuous rolling of the tractor.
5.1.3. A brief description of any interior padding.
5.1.4. A statement of the type of windscreen and glazing fitted and of any
EEC or other approval marking incorporated.
5.2. If EEC component type-approval is being extended for other tractor
types, the report must include the exact reference of the report of the
original EEC component type-approval as well as precise indica-
tions regarding the requirements laid down in section 3.4 of Annex
I.
5.3. The report must identify clearly the tractor type (make, type and
commercial description, etc.) used for testing and the types for
which the protection structure is intended.
6. SYMBOLS
mt= reference tractor mass (kg), as defined in section 1.3.
D = deflection (mm) of structure at the point of and in line
with the load application.
D′= deflection (mm) of structure for the calculated energy
required.
F = staticload forc e (N) (newtons).
Fmax= maximum static load force occurring during loading, (N)
with the exception of the overload.
F′= force for the calculated energy required.
F-D = force/deflection curve.
Eis= energy input to be absorbed during side loading (J)
(joules).
Eil1= energy input to be absorbed during longitudinal loading
(J).
Eil 2= energy input to be absorbed during application of the
second longitudinal load (J).
Fr= applied force at rear in the crushing test (N).
Ff= applied force at front in the crushing test (N).1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 12
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ANNEX III
TEST PROCEDURE
1. HORIZONTAL LOADING AND CRUSHING TESTS
1.1. General provisions for horizontal loading tests
1.1.1. The loads applied to the protection structure shall be distributed by
means of a stiff beam, complying with the specifications laid down in
section 2.1.2 of Annex II, located normal to the direction of load
application; the stiff beam may be equipped with a means of
preventing its being displaced sideways. The rate of deflection underloading shall not be greater than 5 mm/s. As the load is applied, F and
D shall be recorded simultaneously at deflection increments of 15 mm
or less, to ensure accuracy. Once the initial application has
commenced, the load shall not be reduced until the test has been
completed; but it is permitted to cease increasing the load if desired,
e.g. to record measurements.
1.1.2. If the structural member to which the load is to be applied is curved,
the specifications laid down in section 2.1.2.5 of Annex II must be
complied with. The application of a load must, however, comply with
the requirements of section 1.1.1 above and section 2.1.2 of Annex II.
1.1.3. If no structural cross member exists at the point of application, a
substitute test beam which does not add strength to the structure may
be utilized for the test procedure.
1.1.4. The structure shall be inspected visually when the load is removed
after each loading test has been completed. If cracks or tears have
occurred during loading, the overload test specified in 1.4 below shall
be carried out before proceeding to the next loading in the sequence
given in section 3.1.1.1 of Annex II.
1.2. Longitudinal loading (see Figure 2 of Annex IV)
Load application shall be horizontal and parallel to the vertical
median plane of the tractor.
For tractors with at least 50 % of their mass, as defined in Item 1.3 of
Annex II, on the rear wheels, the longitudinal rear load and the lateral
load shall be applied on different sides of the median longitudinal
plane of the protection structure. For tractors with at least 50 % of
their mass on the front wheels, the longitudinal front load shall be on
the same side of the median longitudinal plane of the protection
structure as the lateral load.
It shall be applied to the uppermost transverse structural member of
the protection structure (i.e. the part which would be likely to strike
the ground first in an overturning incident).
The point of application of the load shall be located one-sixth of the
width of the top of the protection structure inwards from the outside
corner. The width of the protection structure shall be taken as the
distance between two lines parallel to the vertical median plane of the
tractor touching the outside extremities of the protection structure in
the horizontal plane touching the top of the uppermost transverse
structural members.
The length of the beam shall be not less than one-third of the width of
the protection structure (as previously described) and not more than
49 mm greater than this minimum.
The longitudinal loading is applied from the rear or front, as defined
in Item 3.1.1.1 of Annex II.
The test shall be stopped whenever:
(a) the strain energy absorbed by the protection structure is equal to
or greater than the required energy input E
il1(where Eil1= 1·4 mt);
(b) the structure infringes the zone of clearance or leaves the zone of
clearance unprotected.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 13
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1.3. Loading from the side (see Figure 1 of Annex IV)
The loading shall be applied horizontally at 90º to the vertical median
plane of the tractor. It shall be applied to the upper extremity of the
protection structure at a point 300 mm forward of the seat reference
point with the seat in its rearmost position as defined in section 2.3.1
below. If the protection structure has any projection on the side which
would be certain to contact the ground first during a sideways
overturn, the loading shall be applied at that point.
The beam shall be as long as practicable, but no more than 700 mm in
length.
Stop the test whenever:
(a) the strain energy absorbed by the protection structure is equal to
or greater than the required energy input Eis(where Eis= 1·75 mt);
or
(b) the structure infringes the zone of clearance or leaves the zone of
clearance unprotected.
1.4. Overload test (see Figs. 4a, 4b and 4c in Annex IV)
1.4.1. The overload test must be carried out if the force decreases by more
than 3 % during the last 5 % of the deflection achieved, where the
energy required is absorbed by the structure (see Fig. 4b).
1.4.2. The overload test involves the gradual increase of the horizontal load
by increments of 5 % of the initial energy requirement up to a
maximum of 20 % of energy added (see figure 4c).
1.4.2.1. The overload test is satisfactory if, after each increase by 5, 10 or 15 %
in the energy required, the force decreases by less than 3 % for a 5 %
increment and remains more than 0·8 Fmax.
1.4.2.2. The overload test is satisfactory if, after the structure has absorbed
20 % of the added energy, the force exceeds 0·8 Fmax.
1.4.2.3. Additional cracks or tears and/or entry into or lack of protection of the
zone of clearance due to elastic deformation are permitted during theoverload test. However, after the removal of the load, the structure
shall not enter the zone of clearance, which shall be completely
protected.
1.5. Crushing at the rear
The beam shall be positioned over the rear uppermost structural
members and the resultant of crushing forces shall be located in the
vertical longitudinal reference plane. A force F
r=2 0mtshall be
applied.
Where the rear part of the protection structure roof will not sustain the
full crushing force, the force shall be applied until the roof is deflected
to coincide with the plane joining the upper part of the protection
structure with that part of the rear of the tractor capable of supporting
the vehicle's mass when overturned. The force shall then be removed,
and the tractor or loading force repositioned so that the beam is over
that point of the protection structure which would then support the
tractor when completely overturned. The force Frshall then be
applied.
The force Frshall be applied for a minimum of five seconds following
the cessation of the visually detectable deflection.
Stop the test if the structure infringes the zone of clearance or leaves
the zone of clearance unprotected.
1.6. Crushing at the front
The beam shall be positioned across the front uppermost structural
members and the resultant of crushing forces shall be located in the
vertical longitudinal reference plane. A force Ff=2 0mtshall be
applied.
Where the front part of the protection structure roof will not sustain
the full crushing force, the force shall be applied until the roof is
deflected to coincide with the plane joining the upper part of the
protection structure with that part of the front of the tractor capable of1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 14
▼M3
▼M1
▼B
▼B
supporting the vehicle's mass when overturned. The force shall then
be removed, and the tractor or loading force repositioned so that the
beam is over that point of the protection structure which would then
support the tractor when completely overturned. The force Ffshall
then be applied.
The force Ffshall be applied for a minimum of five seconds following
the cessation of the visually detectable deflection.
Stop the test if the structure infriges the zone of clearance or leaves
the zone of clearance unprotected.
1.7. Second longitudinal loading
Load application shall be horizontal parallel to the vertical median
plane of the tractor.
The second longitudinal loading is applied from the rear or front as
defined in section 3.1.1.1 of Annex II.
It shall be applied in the opposite direction to and at the corner
furthest from the longitudinal loading in section 1.2.
It shall be applied to the uppermost transverse structural member of
the protection structure (i.e. that part which would be likely to strike
the ground in an overturning incident).
The point of application of the load shall be located one sixth of the
width of the top of the protection structure inwards from the outside
corner. The width of the protection structure shall be taken as the
distance between two lines parallel to the vertical median plane of the
tractor touching the outside extremities of the protection structure in
the horizontal plane touching the top of the uppermost transverse
structural members.
The length of the beam shall be not less than one third of the width of
the protection structure (as previously described) and not more than
49 mm more than this minimum.
Stop the test whenever:
(a) the strain energy absorbed by the structure is equal to or greater
than the required energy input Eil2(where Eil2= 0·35 mt); or
(b) the structure infringes the zone of clearance or leaves the zone of
clearance unprotected.
2. ZONE OF CLEARANCE
2.1. The zone of clearance is illustrated in figure 6 of Annex IV and is
defined in relation to a vertical reference plane generally longitudinal
to the tractor and passing through a seat reference point, described in
section 2.3, and the centre of the steering wheel. The reference plane
shall be assumed to move horizontally with the seat and steering
wheel during application of the load but to remain perpendicular to
the floor of the tractor or of the protection structure if this is resiliently
mounted.
Where the steering wheel is adjustable, its position should be that for
normal seated driving.
2.2. The boundaries of the zone shall be taken as:
2.2.1. vertical planes 250 mm on either side of the reference plane extending
upwards from the seat reference point for 300 mm;
2.2.2. parallel planes extending from the upper edge of plane 2.2.1 to a
maximum height of 900 mm above the seat reference point and
inclined in such a way that the upper edge of the plane on the side
from which the side loading is applied is at least 100 mm from the
reference plane;
2.2.3. a horizontal plane 900 mm above the seat reference point;
2.2.4. an inclined plane perpendicular to the reference plane and including a
point 900 mm directly above the seat reference point and the rearmost
point of the seat backrest;
2.2.5. a surface, if necessary curved, with a series of straight lines
perpendicular to the reference plane extending downwards from the
rearmost point of the seat in contact with the seat backrest throughout
its length;1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 15
▼B
2.2.6. a curvilinear surface, perpendicular to the reference plane, with a
radius of 120 mm tangential to planes 2.2.3 and 2.2.4;
2.2.7. a curvilinear surface, perpendicular to the reference plane, having a
radius of 900 mm extending forward for 400 mm from and tangential
to plane 2.2.3 at a point 150 mm forward of the seat reference point;
2.2.8. an inclined plane perpendicular to the reference plane, joining surface
2.2.7 at its forward edge and passing 40 mm from the steering wheel.
In the case of a high steering wheel position this plane is replaced by a
tangent plane to the surface 2.2.7;
2.2.9. a vertical plane, perpendicular to the reference plane, 40 mm forward
of the steering wheel;
2.2.10. a horizontal plane through the seat reference point.
2.3. Seat location and seat reference point
2.3.1. For the purpose of defining the zone of clearance in section 2.1 the
seat shall be at the rearmost point of any horizontal adjustment range.
It shall be set at the highest point of the vertical adjustment range
where this is independent of adjustment of its horizontal position.
The reference point shall be established using the apparatus illustrated
in figures 7 and 8 of Annex IV to simulate loading by a human
occupant. The apparatus shall consist of a seat pan board and backrest
boards. The lower backrest board shall be jointed in the region of the
ischium humps (A) and loin (B), the joint (B) being adjustable in
height.
2.3.2. The reference point is defined as the point in the median longitudinal
plane of the seat where the tangential plane of the lower backrest and
a horizontal plane intersect. This horizontal plane cuts the lower
surface of the seat pan board 150 mm in front of the abovementioned
tangent.
2.3.3. Where a seat incorporates a free sprung suspension travel, whether or
not this can be adjusted for the weight of the driver, the seat shall be
set at the mid-point of this travel.
The apparatus shall be positioned on the seat. It shall then be loaded
with a force of 550 N at a point 50 mm in front of joint (A), and the
two parts of the backrest board shall be lightly pressed tangentially
against the backrest.
2.3.4. If it is not possible to determine definite tangents to each area of the
backrest (below and above lumbar region) the following should be
done:
2.3.4.1. where no definite tangent to the lower area is possible, the lower part
of the backrest board is pressed against the backrest vertically;
2.3.4.2. where no definite tangent to the upper area is possible, the joint (B) is
fixed at a height which is 230 mm above the seat reference point, if
the lower part of the backrest board is vertical. Then the two parts of
the backrest board are lightly pressed against the backrest.
3. CONTROLS AND MEASUREMENTS TO BE MADE
3.►M11◄.Zone of clearance
During each test the protection structure shall be examined to see
whether any part of the protection structure has entered a zone of
clearance round the driving seat as defined in section 2.1. In addition,
the protection structure shall be examined to determine whether any
part of the zone of clearance is outside the protection of the protection
structure. For this purpose, it shall be considered to be outside the
protection of the protection structure if any part of it would have come
into contact with flat ground if the tractor had overturned towards the
direction from which the loading was applied. For this purpose, the
tyre and track setting shall be assumed to be the smallest specified by
the manufacturer.
3.►M12◄.Final permanent deflection
After the tests, the final permanent deflection of the protection
structure shall be recorded. For this purpose, before the start of the1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 16
▼M1
▼B
▼B
test, the position of the main protection structure members in relation
to the seat reference point shall be recorded.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 17
▼B
ANNEX IV
FIGURES
Figure 1: Point of application of lateral load
Figure 2: Point of application of longitudinal rear load
Figure 3: Example of an arrangement for crushing testFigure 4a: Force/deflection curve — overload test not necessary
Figure 4b: Force/deflection curve — overload test necessary
Figure 4c: Force/deflection curve — overload test to be continuedFigure 5: Illustration of the terms permanent, elasticand total
deflection
Figure 6a: Side view of zone of clearanceFigure 6b: Front/rear view of zone of clearance
Figure 6c: Isometric view
Figure 7: Apparatus for determination of seat reference pointFigure 8: Method of determining seat reference point1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 18
▼M1
▼B
►(1)M1
►(1)M11979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 19
▼B
Figure 3
Example of an arrangement for crushing test1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 20
▼M1
1. Point of reference aF ′= 0·95 D ′.
1.1. The overload test is not necessary since aF ′< 1·03 F ′.
Figure 4a
Force/deflection curve — overload test not necessary1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 21
▼M1
1. Reference point aF ′= 0·95 D ′.
1.1. The overload test is necessary since aF ′> 1·03 F ′.
1.2. The overload test is satisfactory since bF ′> 0·97 F ′and bF′> 0·8 Fmax.
Figure 4b
Force/deflection curve — overload test necessary1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 22
▼M1
1. Reference point aF ′= 0·95 D ′.
1.1. The overload test is necessary since aF ′> 1·03 F ′.
1.2.►M3If bF′is less than 0,97 F ′, the overload test must be carried out. ◄
1.3. Since cF ′< 0·97 bF ′the overload test must be continued.
1.4. Since dF ′< 0·97 cF ′the overload test must be continued.
1.5. The overload test is satisfactory since eF ′> 0·8 Fmax.
NB:If at any time F drops below 0·8 Fmax, the structure is rejected.
Figure 4c
Force/deflection curve — overload test to be continued1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 23
▼B
Figure 5
Illustration of the terms permanent, elastic and total deflection1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 24
▼B
Figure 6a
Side view of zone clearance
Figure 6b
Front/rear view of zone of clearance
Figure 6c
Isometric view1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 25
Figure 7
Apparatus for determination of seat reference point
Figure 8
Method of determining seat reference point▼B1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 26
▼B
ANNEX V
MODEL
REPORT RELATING TO THE EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL TEST OF A PROTECTION STRUCTURE
(SAFETY FRAME OR CAB) WITH REGARD TO ITS STRENGTH AS WELL AS TO THE STRENGTH OF ITS
ATTACHMENT TO THE TRACTOR
(Static testing)
1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 27
▼B
1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 28
▼B
1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 29
▼B
1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 30
▼B
ANNEX VI
MARKS
The EEC component type-approval mark shall consist of a rectangle surrounding
the lowercase letter ‘e’ followed by the distinguishing letter(s) or number of the
Member State which has granted the component type-approval:
1 for Germany
2 for France3 for Italy4 for the Netherlands
6 for Belgium
9 for Spain
11 for the United Kingdom
13 for Luxembourg
DK for Denmark
EL for Greece
IRL for Ireland
P for Portugal
It must also include in the vicinity of the rectangle the EEC component type-
approval number which corresponds to the number of the EEC component type-
approval certificate issued with regard to the strength of the type of protection
structure and its attachment to the tractor.
Example of an EEC component type-approval mark
The EEC component type-approval mark shall be supplemented by an additional
symbol ‘S’
The protection structure bearing the EEC component type-approval mark shown
above is a structure for which EEC component type-approval was granted in
Germany (e 1) under the number 1471.1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 31
▼A1
▼M2
▼A1
▼B
▼B
ANNEX VII
MODEL
EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE
1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 32
▼B
ANNEX VIII
CONDITIONS FOR EEC TYPE-APPROVAL
1. The application for EEC type-approval of a tractor, with regard to the
strength of a protection structure and the strength of its attachment to the
tractor, shall be submitted by the tractor manufacturer or by his authorized
representative.
2. A tractor representative of the tractor type to be approved, on which a
protection structure and its attachment, duly approved, are mounted, shall be
submitted to the technical services responsible for conducting the type-
approval tests.
3. The technical service responsible for conducting the type-approval tests shall
check whether the approved type of protection structure is intended to be
mounted on the type of tractor for which the type-approval is requested. In
particular, it shall ascertain that the attachment of the protection structure
corresponds to that which was tested when the EEC component type-
approval was granted.
4. The holder of the EEC type-approval may ask for its extension for other
types of protection structures.
5. The competent authorities shall grant such extension on the following
conditions:
5.1. the new type of protection structure and its tractor attachment have received
EEC component type-approval;
5.2. it is designed to be mounted on the type of tractor for which the extension of
the EEC type-approval is requested;
5.3. the attachment of the protection structure to the tractor corresponds to that
which was tested when EEC component type-approval was granted.
6. A certificate, of which a model is shown in Annex IX, shall be annexed to
the EEC type-approval certificate for each type-approval or type-approval
extension which has been granted or refused.
7. If the application for EEC type-approval for a type of tractor is introduced at
the same time as the request for EEC component type-approval for a type of
protection structure intended to be mounted on the type of tractor for which
EEC type-approval is requested, the checks laid down in 2 and 3 will not be
made1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 33
▼B
ANNEX IX
MODEL
1979L0622 — EN — 29.06.1988 — 004.001 — 34