1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of1March1971
ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtotherear-viewmirrorsofmotor
vehicles
(71/127/EEC)
(OJ L 68, 22.3.1971, p. 1)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►A1Act of Accession of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern IrelandL 73 14 27.3.1972
(adapted by Council Decision of 1 January 1973) L 2 1 1.1.1973
Corrected by:
►C1Consolidated text of corrigenda to instruments published in Special
Editions 1952-72, p. 85 (71/127/EEC)
▼B
COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of1March1971
on the approximationof the lawsofthe Member States relating to
therear-view mirrorsofmotorvehicles
(71/127/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof;
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;Having regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament(
1);
Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and Social
Committee(2);
Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy
pursuant to national laws relate, inter alia , to their rear-view mirrors;
Whereas those requirements differ from one Member State to another;
whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the samerequirements either in addition to or in place of their existing require-ments, in order, in particular, to allow the EEC type-approvalprocedure which was the subject of the Council Directive of 6 February1970(
3) on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating
to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers to be applied in
respect of each type of vehicle;
Whereas rules on rear-view mirrors should lay down requirements
concerning not only how such mirrors should be fitted on vehicles butalso their construction;
Whereas a harmonised type-approval procedure for rear-view mirrors
makes it possible for each Member State to check compliance withthe common construction and testing requirements and to inform the
other Member States of its findings by sending a copy of the type-
approval certificate completed for each type of rear-view mirror;whereas the placing of an EEC type-approval mark on all mirrorsmanufactured in conformity with the approved type obviates any needfor technical checks on these mirrors in the other Member States;
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
1. Each Member State shall approve any type of rear-view mirror
which satisfies the construction and testing requirements laid down initem 2 of Annex I.
2. The Member State which has granted type approval shall take the
measures required in order to verify, in so far as is necessary and if
need be in co-operation with the competent authorities in the otherMember States, that production models conform to the approved type.Such verification shall be limited to spot checks.
Article 2
Member States shall issue to the manufacturer, or to his authorised
representative, an EEC type-approval mark which shall conform to themodel shown in item 2.6 of Annex I, for each type of rear-view mirrorwhich they approve pursuant to Article 1.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 160, 18.12.1969, p. 7.
(2) OJ No C 48, 16.4.1969, p. 16.
(3) OJ No L 42, 23.2.1970, p. 1.
▼B
Member States shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the use of
marks liable to create confusion between rear-view mirrors which havebeen type-approved pursuant to Article 1 and other mirrors.
Article 3
1. No Member State may prohibit the placing on the market of rear-
view mirrors on grounds relating to their construction or method offunctioning if they bear the EEC type-approval mark.
2. Nevertheless, this provision shall not prevent a Member State
from taking such measures in respect of rear-view mirrors bearing theEEC type-approval mark which, by their design, do not conform to theapproved prototype.
That State shall inform the other Member States and the Commission
forthwith of the measures taken, specifying the reasons for its decision.The provisions of Article 5 shall also apply.
There shall be failure to conform to the approved prototype, within the
meaning of paragraph 1 above, where the requirements of items 2.1,2.2 or 2.4 of Annex I are not observed.
Article 4
The competent authorities of each Member State shall within one
month send to the competent authorities of the other Member States acopy of the type-approval certificates completed for each type of rear-
view mirror which they approve or refuse to approve.
Article 5
1. If the Member State which has granted EEC type-approval finds
that a number of rear-view mirrors bearing the same type-approvalmark do not conform to the type which it has approved, it shall takethe necessary measures to ensure that production models conform tothe approved type. The competent authorities of that State shall advise
those of the other Member States of the measures taken, which may,
where necessary, extend to withdrawal of EEC type-approval. Thesaid authorities shall take the same measures if they are informed bythe competent authorities of another Member State of such failure toconform.
2. The competent authorities of Member States shall inform each
other within one month of any withdrawal of EEC type-approval, andof the reasons for such measure.
3. If the Member State which has granted EEC type-approval
disputes the failure to conform notified to it, the Member Statesconcerned shall endeavour to settle the dispute. The Commission shall
be kept informed and shall, where necessary, hold appropriate consulta-
tions for the purpose of reaching a settlement.
Article 6
All decisions taken pursuant to the provisions adopted in implementa-
tion of this Directive which refuse or withdraw type-approval for arear-view mirror or prohibit its use shall set out in detail the reasonson which they are based. A decision shall be notified to the partyconcerned, who shall at the same time be informed of the remedies
available to him under the laws in force in the Member States and of
the time limits allowed for the exercise of such remedies.
Article 7
No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type-approval or national
type-approval of a vehicle on grounds relating to its rear-view mirrorsif these bear the EEC type-approval mark and are fitted in accordancewith the requirements laid down in item 3 of Annex I.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 3
▼A1
Article 7a
No Member State may refuse or prohibit the sale or registration, entry
into service or use of a vehicle on grounds relating to its rear-view
mirrors if these comply with the requirements laid down in the
Annexes.
Article 8
For the purposes of this Directive, ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle
intended for use on the road, with or without bodywork, having at leastfour wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h, with theexception of vehicles which run on rails, agricultural tractors andmachinery, and public works vehicles.
Article 9
The amendments necessary for adjusting the requirements of Annexes
I, II and III so as to take account of technical progress shall be adopted
in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of theCouncil Directive of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of thelaws of the Member States relating to the type approval of motor vehi-cles and their trailers.
Article 10
1. Member States shall put into force provisions containing the
requirements needed in order to comply with this Directive withineighteen months of its notification and shall forthwith inform the
Commission thereof.
2. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions
of national law which they adopt in the field governed by this Directiveare communicated to the Commission.
Article 11
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 4
▼B
▼B
ANNEX I
1. DEFINITIONS
1.1. ‘Rear-view mirror’ means any device intended to give, within the
field of vision geometrically defined in item 3.5 below, a clear
view to the rear which, within reasonable limits, is not blocked
by component parts of the vehicle or by the occupants of the
vehicle itself.
1.2. ‘Interior rear-view mirror’ means a device as defined in item 1.1
which is fitted in the passenger compartment of a vehicle.
1.3. ‘Exterior rear-view mirror’ means a device as defined in item 1.1
which is mounted on the external surface of a vehicle.
1.4. ‘Class of rear-view mirror’ means all rear-view mirrors having
one or more common characteristics or functions. Interior rear-
view mirrors are grouped in class I, exterior rear-view mirrors in
classes II and III.
1.5. ‘Category A vehicles’ means all vehicles having a technically
permissible maximum weight exceeding 3·5 metric tons.
1.6. ‘Category B vehicles’ means all vehicles having a technically
permissible maximum weight not exceeding 3·5 metric tons.
1.7. The ‘driver's ocular points’ means two points 65 mm apart and
635 mm above point H of the driver's seat as defined in Annex
III. The straight line joining these points runs perpendicular to
the vertical longitudinal median of the vehicle. The centre of the
segment joining the two ocular points is in the vertical longitu-
dinal plane passing through the centre of the steering control. If
this plane does not pass through the apparent centre of the driver's
seat, an appropriate modification of the lateral position of this
plane must be made.
1.8. ‘R’ means the average of the principal radii of curvature measured
from the centre of the mirror and expressed in millimetres.
2. PROVISIONS RELATING TO EEC TYPE APPROVAL OF
REAR-VIEW MIRRORS
2.1. General specifications
2.1.1. All rear-view mirrors must be adjustable.
2.1.2. The edge of the reflecting surface must be enclosed in a holder
with a rounded rim of at least 3·5 mm.
2.1.3. No component of an exterior rear-view mirror may include any
projecting part with a radius of curvature of less than 3·5 mm.
2.2. Dimensions
2.2.1. Interior rear-view mirrors (class 1)
The dimensions of the reflecting surface must be such that it is
possible to inscribe thereon a rectangle, one side of which is
equivalent in length to 4 cm and the other to
►C115 cm /C21
1þ1000
R◄
2.2.2. Exterior rear-view mirrors (classes II and III)
2.2.2.1. The dimensions of the reflecting surface must be such that it is
possible to inscribe therein
— a rectangle 4 cm high, the base length of which, measured in
centimetres, has the value ‘a’,
— a segment which is parallel to the height of the rectangle, and
the length of which, expressed in centimetres, has the value
‘b’,
2.2.2.2. The minimum values of ‘a’ and ‘b’ are given in the table below:1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 5
▼B
Class of
rear-view
mirrorsCategories of vehi-
cles for which the
rear-view mirrors
are designedab
II A 17
1þ1000
R20
III B 13
1þ1000
R7
2.3. Reflectingsurfaceandcoefficients ofreflection
2.3.1. The reflecting surface must be limited by a curve of ordinary
convex shape.
2.3.2. The reflecting surface must retain the characteristics laid down in
item 2.3.5 in normal conditions of use in spite of adverse weather
conditions.
2.3.3. The reflecting surfaces must consist of flat or spherically convex
mirrors. The difference between the main radii of curvature at any
one point on the central part of the mirror must not be greater
than 0·25 R.
2.3.4. The average R of the radii of curvature defined in item 1.8 above
must not be less than the following values:
— 1800 mm for class II rear-view mirrors,
— 1200 mm for class I and III rear-view mirrors.
2.3.5. The normal coefficient of reflection of the reflecting surface must
not be less than 35%. If the mirror has two positions (‘day’ and
‘night’), the normal coefficient of reflection in the ‘night’ position
must not be less than 4%. The rear-view mirror must not inhibit
recognition of the colours of signals used in the control of road
traffic.
2.4. Tests
2.4.1. The reaction of rear-view mirrors to impact and bending on the
holder fixed to the stem or support shall be tested in the manner
described in items 2.4.2. and 2.4.3.
2.4.2. Impact test
2.4.2.1. Description of the test device.
2.4.2.1.1. The test device consists of a pendulum which is made up of a
beam with a hammerhead terminal. A support rigidly fixed to the
frame of the pendulum is used to clamp the test samples (Figure
1).1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 6
▼B
Maindimensionsoftheimpacttestdevice
Fig. 1
2.4.2.1.2. The face of the hammer used to make the blow must be in the
shape of a spherical cup 165 mm ± 5 mm in diameter. It shall be
rigid and have a 5-mm-thick covering rubber of Shore A 50 hard-
ness.
2.4.2.1.3. The centre of percussion of the pendulum coincides with the
centre of the portion of a sphere at the end of the hammer. It is
at a distance of 1 m ± 10 mm from the axis of rotation of the
pendulum. The total mass of the pendulum considered at its centre
of percussion is ►C1mo= 6·8 kg ± 50 g ◄(the relationship
between moto the total mass m of the pendulum and the distance
‘1’ between the centre of gravity of the pendulum and its axis of
rotation is expressed as
mo¼m1
a).
2.4.2.2. Description of the test2.4.2.2.1. Rear-view mirrors are clamped to the support in such a way that
the latter cannot obstruct the movement of the movable parts of
the rear-view mirror. The procedure used to clamp the rear-view
mirror to the support and to position the arm is that recommended
by the person submitting the rear-view mirrors for testing.
2.4.2.2.2. When the rear-view mirror has a device for adjusting the distance
in relation to the base, the device must be set at the minimum
value.
2.4.2.2.3. The test consists in allowing the hammer to fall from a height
corresponding to a pendulum angle of 60º from the vertical so
that the hammer strikes the rear-view mirror at the moment when
the pendulum reaches the vertical position, the hammer's point of
impact being on a line passing horizontally to the centre of
percussion of the pendulum.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 7
▼B
2.4.2.2.4. The rear-view mirrors are subjected to impact in the following
different conditions:
2.4.2.2.4.1. Interior rear-view mirrors
Test 1 — Perpendicularly to the surface of the mirror, the point of
impact being such that the impact produced on the mirror passesthrough the point at which the holder is attached to the stem or
the mounting. The impact is directed on the reflecting surface.
Test 2 — On the edge of the holder in such a way that the impact
produced makes an angle of 45º with the plane of the mirror and
is situated in the horizontal plane passing through the point at
which the holder is attached to the stem or the mounting. The
impact is directed on the reflecting surface.
2.4.2.2.4.2. Exterior rear-view mirrors
Test 1 — Perpendicularly to the surface of the mirror, the point of
impact being such that the impact produced on the mirror passes
through the point at which the holder is attached to the stem or
the mounting.
Test 1′— At the back of the mirror, on its stem or mounting (the
hammer being at the same distance from the clamping plane as in
Test 1 and the mirror being perpendicular to the trajectory of the
centre of percussion).
Test 2 — On the edge of the holder in such a way that the impact
produced makes an angle of 45º with the plane of the mirror and
is in the horizontal plane passing through the point at which the
holder is attached to the stem or the mounting. The impact is
directed on the reflecting surface.
2.4.2.2.4.3. General observations2.4.2.2.4.3.1. The centre of the mirror is taken as the reference point when the
devices tested do not have any clearly defined mounting or stem,
or when the point of attachment is on the periphery of the mirror.
2.4.2.2.4.3.2. If it is not possible to carry out the test described in item 2.4.2.2,
the point of impact is moved, in the plane of symmetry of the
pendulum, in such a way that the lowest point of the hammer is
40 mm from the clamping plane.
2.4.3. Bending test on the holder fixed to the stem
2.4.3.1. Description of the test
The holder is placed horizontally in a device in such a way that
the stem or the mounting can be clamped securely. In the direc-
tion of the greatest dimension of the holder, the end nearest to
the point of fixing on the stem is immobilised by means of a fixed
stop15 mm wide, covering the entire width of the holder.
At the other end, a stopidentical to the one described above is
placed on the holder so that the specified test load can be applied
to it (Figure 2).1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 8
▼B
Exampleofbendingtestapparatusforrear-view mirrorholders
Fig. 2
2.4.3.2. The test load is 25 kg. It is applied for one minute.
2.5. Interpretationofresults
2.5.1. In all the tests described in item 2.4.2 the pendulum must continue
to swing after impact to a point forming an angle of ►C1at least
20º◄with the vertical.
2.5.2. Should there be a breakage of the stems or the mounting of the
rear-view mirror during the tests described in item 2.4.2 the part
remaining must not project from the base by more than 1 cm. If
the stem or mounting breaks off, the remaining part of the base
must not form a dangerous projection.
2.5.3. The mirror must not break during the tests described in items
2.4.2 and 2.4.3. However, breakage of the mirror will be allowed
if one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
2.5.3.1. The fragments of glass still adhere to the back of the holder or to
a surface firmly attached to the holder, provided that an area no
greater than 5 mm in width comes unstuck.
2.5.3.2. The mirror is made of safety glass.
2.6. Typeapprovalmark
2.6.1. The type approval mark shall be made up of a rectangle, within
which shall be placed the letter ‘e’ followed by the distinguishing
number or letter of the country which has granted the type
approval (1 for Germany, 2 for France, 3 for Italy, 4 for the Neth-
erlands, 6 for Belgium, 11 for the United Kingdom, DK for
Denmark, IRL for Ireland, L for Luxembourg ).
At any point in the proximity of this rectangle there shall be
placed a type approval number corresponding to the number of
the approval certificate completed for the prototype.
2.6.2. The type approval mark (symbol and number) shall be placed on a
main part of the rear-view mirror in such a way that it is indelibleand clearly visible even after the rear-view mirror has been fitted
on a vehicle.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 9
▼A1
▼B
▼B
ExampleofanEECtype-approvalmark (1)
Legend
The mirror bearing the EEC type-approval mark shown above is a class I mirror
(interior rear-view mirror) which has been type approved in Germany (e.1)
under number 1471.
3. REQUIREMENTS FOR FITTING TO VEHICLES3.1. General
3.1.1. Rear-view mirrors must be fixed in such a way that they remain
steady under normal driving conditions.
3.1.2. Exterior rear-view mirrors fitted on category A vehicles must be
class II mirrors, those which are fitted on category B vehicles
must be class III mirrors.
3.2. Number
3.2.1. All vehicles shall be equipped with both an interior and an
exterior rear-view mirror. The latter shall be fitted to the left side
of the vehicle in the Member States where vehicles are required to
be driven on the right, and to the right side of the vehicle in the
Member States where vehicles are required to be driven on the
left.
3.2.2. In the event of failure to satisfy the specifications of point 3.5
with regard to the field of vision of the interior rear-view mirror,
an additional exterior rear-view mirror shall be mandatory. The
said additional mirror shall be fitted to the right side of the vehicle
in the Member States where vehicles are required to be driven on
the right and to the left side of the vehicle in the Member States
where vehicles are required to be driven on the left.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 10
(1) The numbers in the diagram are for guidance only.▼A1
▼B
3.3. Position
3.3.1. Rear-view mirrors must be so placed that the driver, when sitting
on the driving seat in a normal driving position, has a clear view
of the road to the rear of the vehicle.
3.3.2. Exterior rear-view mirrors shall be visible through the portion of
the windscreen that is swept by the windscreen wiper or through
the side windows. In the case of vehicles of the international cate-
gories M 2or M3as defined in the Council Directive on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the
type approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, the foregoing
provision shall not apply to right-hand rear-view mirrors in the
Member States where vehicles are required to be driven on the
right or to left-hand rear-view mirrors in the Member States where
vehicles are required to be driven on the left.
3.3.3. In the case of left-hand drive vehicles in the Member States where
vehicles are required to be driven on the right and of right-hand
drive vehicles in the Member States where vehicles are required
to be driven on the left, the prescribed exterior rear-view mirror
shall be fitted to the left or right side respectively of the vehicle
in such a way that there is an angle of not more than 55º between
the vertical longitudinal median of the vehicle and the vertical
plane which passes through the centre of the rear-view mirror
and through the middle of the segment between the ocular points
of the driver.
3.3.4. The rear-view mirror must not protrude beyond the external body-
work of the vehicle substantially more than is necessary to obtain
the fields of vision laid down in item 3.5.
3.3.5. Where the bottom edge of an exterior rear-view mirror is less than
2 m above the ground when the vehicle is laden, this rear-view
mirror must not project more than 0·20 m beyond the overall
width of the vehicle measured without rear-view mirrors.
3.3.6. Subject to the requirements of items 3.3.4 and 3.3.5, rear-view
mirrors may project beyond the permissible maximum widths of
vehicles.
3.4. Adjustment
3.4.1. The driver must be able to adjust the interior rear-view mirror
from his driving position.
3.4.2. It must be possible to adjust the exterior rear-view mirror situated
on the driver's side from inside the vehicle while the door is
closed. The mirror may, however, be locked into position from
the outside(1).
3.4.3. The requirements of item 3.4.2 do not apply to exterior rear-view
mirrors which can be returned to their former position without any
adjustment being necessary, after having been knocked out of
alignment.
3.5. Fieldofvision
3.5.1. General
The fields of vision defined below must be established using bino-
cular vision, the observer's eyes being at the ‘driver's ocular
points’ as defined in item 1.7 above. The fields of vision shall be
determined when the vehicle is empty except for one observer,
and must be established through windows which have a total light
transmission factor of more than 70 %.
3.5.2. Interior rear-view mirror
The field of vision must be such that the driver can see at least a
20-m-wide plane and horizontal portion of the road centred on the1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 11
(1) It would be desirable to lay down, at a future date, that exterior rear-view mirrors
which do not have a locking system must be capable of being adjusted by the driverfrom his driving position inside the vehicle while the door is closed.The procedure laid down in Article 9 will be applied with a view to incorporation ofthis improvement in the Directive, as soon as simple, economic methods of manufac-
ture and fitting on vehicles have become possible as a result of technical progress.▼A1
▼B
▼B
vertical longitudinal median of the vehicle, said portion stretching
from the horizon to 60 m behind the rear of the vehicle (Figure 3).
3.5.3. Left-hand exterior rear-view mirror
(a)Member States where vehicles are required to be driven on
the right:
The field of vision shall be such that the driver can see at
least a 2.50-m-wide plane and horizontal portion of the road,
said portion being bounded on the right by the plane which is
parallel to the vertical longitudinal median of the vehicle and
passes through the leftmost point of the overall width of the
vehicle, said portion stretching from the horizon to 10 m
behind the ocular points of the driver (Figure 4).
(b)Member States where vehicles are required to be driven on
the left:
The field of vision shall be such that the driver can see at
least a 3.50-m-wide plane and horizontal portion of the road,
said portion being bounded on the right by the plane which is
parallel to the vertical longitudinal median of the vehicle and
passes through the leftmost point of the overall width of the
vehicle, said portion stretching from the horizon to 30 m
behind the ocular points of the driver.
In addition, the road shall be visible to the driver, over a
width of 0.75 m, from a point 4 m behind the vertical plane
through the ocular points of the driver (Figure 5).
3.5.4. Right-hand exterior rear-view mirror
(a)Member States where vehicles are required to be driven on
the right:
The field of vision shall be such that the driver can see at
least a 3.50-m-wide plane and horizontal portion of the road,
said portion being bounded on the left by the plane which is
parallel to the vertical longitudinal median of the vehicle and
passes through the rightmost point of the overall width of the
vehicle, said portion stretching from the horizon to 30 m
behind the ocular points of the driver.
In addition, the road shall be visible to the driver, over a
width of 0.75 m, from a point 4 m behind the vertical plane
through the ocular points of the driver (Figure 4).
(b)Member States where vehicles are required to be driven on
the left:
The field of vision shall be such that the driver can see at
least a 2.50-m-wide plane and horizontal portion of the road,
said portion being bounded on the left by the plane which is
parallel to the vertical longitudinal median of the vehicle and
passes through the rightmost point of the overall width of the
vehicle, said portion stretching from the horizon to 10 m
behind the ocular points of the driver (Figure 5).1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 12
▼A1
▼B
Interiorrear-view mirror
Fig. 3
Exteriorrear-viewmirrors(inthecaseofvehicleswhicharerequiredtobedrivenontheright)
Fig. 4
Exterior rear-view mirrors(inthecaseofvehicleswhicharerequiredtobedrivenontheleft)
Fig. 51971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 13
▼A1
▼B
▼A1
▼B
ANNEX II
TYPEAPPROVALCERTIFICATE
1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 14
▼B
ANNEX III (1)
TESTPROCEDUREFORDETERMININGTHEHPOINT
1. Definition
The ‘H’ point, which indicates the position in the passenger compart-
ment of a seated occupant, is the trace, in a longitudinal vertical plane,
of the theoretical axis of rotation between the leg and the torso of a
human body, represented by a manikin.
2. Determination of H points
2.1. An H point shall be determined for the driver's seat.(2.1.1.)
(2.1.2.)
2.2. For each determination of an H point the seat concerned shall be placed
in the normal position for driving provided by the manufacturer, the
back, if inclinable, being set upin a p osition close to the vertical.
3. Description of the manikin
3.1. A three-dimensional manikin with the weight and shape of an adult
male of average height shall be used. Such a manikin is depicted inFigures 1 and 2.
3.2. This manikin shall comprise:3.2.1. two components, one simulating the back and the other the seat of the
body, hinged along an axis representing the axis of rotation between the
torso and the thigh. The trace of this axis on the side of the manikin is
its H point;
3.2.2. two components simulating the legs and hinged in relation to the
component simulating the seat;
3.2.3. two components simulating the feet and connected to the legs by hinges
simulating the ankles;
3.2.4. in addition, the component simulating the seat shall be provided with a
level enabling its transverse orientation to be verified.
3.3. Weights each representing the weight of one of the components of the
body shall be placed at appropriate points constituting the relevant
centres of gravity, so as to bring the total weight of the manikin upto
about 75·8 kgf (74·4 daN). Details of the various weights are given in
the table of Figure 2.
4. Setting upthe manikin
The three-dimensional manikin shall be set upin the following manner:
4.1. The vehicle is levelled and the seat is adjusted as prescribed in item 2.2.4.2. The seat to be tested is covered with a piece of fabric to facilitate
correct setting upof the manikin.
4.3. The manikin is placed on the seat.4.4. The feet of the manikin are placed as follows:4.4.1. The right foot is placed on the accelerator pedal in the position of rest
and the left foot is so arranged that the level verifying the transverse
orientation of the seat of the manikin is restored to the horizontal;
(4.4.2.)
(4.4.3.)4.5. The weights are placed on the thighs, the transverse level of the mani-
kin's seat is restored to the horizontal, and the weights are placed on the
component simulating the seat.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 15
(1) The text of Annex III is similar to that of Regulation No 14; in particular the break-
down into items is the same. For this reason, where an item of Regulation No 14 hasno counterpart in this Directive, its number is given in Annex III in brackets as a token
entry.
▼B
4.6. The manikin is moved away from the seat back by using the hinged
knee bar and the back of the manikin is tilted forward. The manikin is
repositioned on the seat of the vehicle by sliding the seat of the manikin
rearwards until resistance is encountered, and the back of the manikin is
then replaced against the seat back.
4.7. A load of about 10·2 kgf (10 daN) is applied horizontally to the
manikin twice. The direction and point of application of the load are
shown by a black arrow in Figure 2.
4.8. The weights on the right and left sides and then the torso weights are
placed in position, the transverse level of the manikin being kept hori-
zontal.
4.9. The manikin's transverse level being kept horizontal, the manikin's back
is tilted forwards until the torso weights are above the H point, so as to
eliminate any friction with the seat back.
4.10. The manikin's back is gently moved rearwards again so as to complete
the setting upop eration. The transverse level of the manikin should be
horizontal. If it is not, repeat the process described above.
5. Results
5.1. When the manikin has been set upas described in item 4, the H p oint
of the seat is the H point on the manikin.
5.2. The Cartesian co-ordinates of the H point shall each be measured accu-
rately to within 1 mm, as shall the co-ordinates of characteristic and
well-defined points of the passenger compartment. The projections of
these points along a longitudinal vertical plane shall then be plotted on
a diagram.1971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 16
▼B
Componentsofthethree-dimensionalmanikin
Fig. 11971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 17
▼B
Dimensionsandweightofmanikin
Fig. 2
Weight of manikin kg
Components simulating back and seat of body 16·6
Torso weights 31·2
Seat weights 7·8
Thigh weights 6·8
Leg weights 13·2
Total 75·61971L0127 — EN — 01.01.1973 — 001.001 — 18