1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCILDIRECTIVE92/23/EEC
of31March1992
relatingtotyresformotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers andtotheir fitting
(OJ L 129, 14.5.1992, p. 95)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►M1Directive 2001/43/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of
27 June 2001L 211 25 4.8.2001
Amended by:
►A1Act of Accession of Austria, Sweden and Finland C241 21 29.8.1994
(adapted by Council Decision 95/1/EC, Euratom, ECSC) L 1 1 1.1.1995
▼B
COUNCILDIRECTIVE92/23/EEC
of31March1992
relating to tyres for motor vehicles and their trailers and to their
fitting
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100a thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission(1),
In cooperation withth e European Parliament(2),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social
Committee(3),
Whereas measures should be adopted in order gradually to establish the
internal market during a period expiring on 31 December 1992;whereas the internal market comprises an entity without internal fron-tiers within which the free movement of goods, persons, services andcapital shall be guaranteed;
Whereas the total harmonization method will be essential in order fully
to achieve the single market;
Whereas this method will have to be used at the time of the revision of
the entire ►
M1EC type-approval ◄procedure, taking account of the
spirit of the Council resolution of 7 May 1985 concerning a new
approach to the question of technical harmonization and standardiza-
tion;
Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles and their
trailers must satisfy pursuant to national laws relate, inter alia, to pneu-matic tyres;
Whereas these requirements differ from one Member State to another;
whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the samerequirements either in addition to or in place of their existing rules inorder to permit, in particular, the ►
M1EC type-approval ◄proce-
dure which was the subject of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the ►
M1EC type-approval ◄of motor vehicles and their
trailers(4), as last amended by Directive 87/403/EEC(5), to be intro-
duced in respect of eachtype of veh icle;
Whereas rules on tyres should lay down common requirements
concerning not only their characteristics, but also the requirements for
the equipment of vehicles and their trailers with regard to their tyres;
Whereas, consequently, a common procedure for granting an EEC
mark to any tyre type complying with the common characteristics andtest requirements should be established; whereas, at the Communitylevel, to ensure the free movement of tyres, the conformity of the tyres
with the common requirements is assured by the affixing on each tyre
of an EEC mark which has been granted to the manufacturer in accor-dance with the abovementioned procedure; whereas any Member Statesmay, in order to check the conformity of the tyres with the commonrequirements, carry out controls at any moment; whereas, in the caseof a statement of non-conformity, the Member States need to take the
necessary steps to ensure the conformity of the tyres with the require-
ments; whereas these measures may result in the withdrawal of theabovementioned EEC mark;1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 95, 12. 4. 1990, p. 101.
(2) OJ No C 284, 12. 11. 1990, p. 81 and Decision of 12. 2. 1992 (not yet
published in the Official Journal).
(3) OJ No C 225, 10. 9. 1990, p. 9.
(4) OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1.
(5) OJ No L 220, 8. 8. 1987, p. 44.
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Whereas it is desirable to take into account the technical requirements
adopted by the UN Economic Commission for Europe in its RegulationNo 30 (‘Uniform provisions concerning the ►
M1EC type-
approval ◄of pneumatic tyres for motor vehicles and their trailers’),
as amended(1), and in its Regulation No 54 (‘Uniform provisions
concerning the ►M1EC type-approval ◄of pneumatic tyres for
commercial vehicles and their trailers’)(2) and in its Regulation No 64
(‘Uniform provisions concerning the ►M1EC type-approval ◄of
vehicles equipped with temporary-use spare wheels/tyres’)(3), which
are annexed to the Agreement of 20 March 1958 concerning the adop-tion of uniform conditions for ►
M1EC type-approval ◄and
reciprocal recognition of ►M1EC type-approval ◄for motor vehicle
equipment and parts;
Whereas the approximation of national laws relating to motor vehicles
entails reciprocal recognition by Member States of the checks carriedout by each of them on the basis of the common requirements,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
For the purposes of this Directive:
— ‘tyre’ means any new pneumatic tyre including a winter tyre with
holes for studs, in the form of original equipment or of a replace-
ment, intended to be fitted to vehicles to which Directive 70/156/
EEC applies. This definition does not cover winter tyres with studs;
— ‘vehicle’ means any vehicle to which Council Directive 70/156/
EEC applies;
— ‘manufacturer’ means the holder of the trade name or mark of vehi-
cles or tyres.
Article 1a
1. The requirements set out in Annex V shall apply to tyres intended
to be fitted to vehicles first used on or after 1 October 1980.
2. The requirements set out in Annex V shall not apply to:
(a) tyres whose speed rating is less than 80 km/h;
(b) tyres whose nominal rim diameter does not exceed 254 mm (or
code 10) or is 635 mm or more (code 25);
(c) T type temporary use spare tyres as defined in 2.3.6 of Annex II;
(d) tyres designed only to be fitted to vehicles registered for the first
time before 1 October 1980.
Article 2
1. Member States shall grant EC type-approval, under the conditions
laid down in Annex I, to all types of tyres meeting the requirements of
Annex II, and shall allocate to these an approval number as specified in
Annex I.
2. Member States shall grant EC type-approval, under the conditions
laid down in Annex I, to all types of tyres meeting the requirements ofAnnex V and shall allocate to these an approval number as specified inAnnex I.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 3
(1) Economic Commission for Europe document E/ECE/324
(E3/ECE/TRANS/505) REV 1 — ADD 29, 1. 4. 1975 and its amendments01, 02 and supplements.
(
2) Economic Commission for Europe document E/ECE/324
(E/ECE/TRANS/505) REV 1 — ADD 53 and supplements.
(3) Economic Commission for Europe document E/ECE/324
(E/ECE/TRANS/505) REV 1 — ADD 63 and supplements.▼M1
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3. Member States shall grant EC type-approval to all vehicles in
respect of their tyres under the conditions laid down in Annex III,where those tyres (including spare tyres, where appropriate) meet the
requirements of Annex II and the requirements concerning vehicles
laid down in Annex IV, and shall allocate to any such vehicle anapproval number as specified in Annex III
Article 3
The approval authority of a Member State shall, within one month of
issuing or refusing an ►
M1EC type-approval ◄(tyre) or vehicle
►M1EC type-approval ◄, send a copy of the relevant certificate,
models of which are given in the Appendices to Annex I and Annex
III, to the other Member States and, if requested, send the test reporton any type of tyre approved.
Article 4
No Member State may prohibit or restrict the placing on the market of
tyres bearing the ►
M1EC type-approval ◄mark.
Article 5
No Member State may refuse to grant ►M1EC type-approval ◄or
national type-approval to a vehicle on grounds relating to its tyres ifthese bear the ►
M1EC type-approval ◄mark and are fitted in
accordance withth e requirements laid down in Annex IV.
Article 6
No Member State may refuse or prohibit the sale, registration, entry
into service or use of a vehicle on grounds relating to its tyres if these
bear the ►M1EC type-approval ◄mark and are fitted in accordance
withth e requirements laid down in Annex IV.
Article 7
1. If, on the basis of a substantiated justification, a Member State
considers that a tyre type or a vehicle type is dangerous although
complying with the requirements of this Directive, it may, within its
territory, provisionally prohibit the marketing of that product or subjectit to special conditions. It shall immediately inform the other MemberStates and the Commission thereof, stating the grounds for its decision.
2. The Commission shall, within six weeks, consult the Member
States concerned, following which it shall deliver its opinion withoutdelay and take the appropriate steps.
3. If the Commission is of the opinion that technical adaptations to
the Directives are necessary, such adaptations shall be adopted byeither the Commission or the Council in accordance with the procedurelaid down in Article 10. In this event, the Member State which has
adopted safeguard measures may maintain them until the entry into
force of the adaptations.
Article 8
1. The Member State which has granted the ►
M1EC type-
approval ◄(tyre) or vehicle ►M1EC type-approval ◄shall take
the measures required in order to verify that production modelsconform to the approved type in so far as this is necessary and if
need be in cooperation with the approval authorities in the other
Member States. For this purpose, this Member State may at any timecheck the conformity of the tyres or vehicles to the requirements ofthis Directive. Such verification shall be limited to spot checks.
2. If this Member State finds that a number of tyres or vehicles with
the same ►
M1EC type-approval ◄marking do not conform to the
approved type, it shall take the necessary measures to ensure thatproduction models so conform. Where there is a consistent failure to1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 4
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conform, these measures may extend to a withdrawal of ►M1EC
type-approval ◄. The said authorities shall take the same measure if
they are informed by the approval authorities of another Member State
of suchfailure to conform.
3. The approval authorities of the Member States shall within one
month notify each other using the relevant form shown in the Appen-dices to Annex I and Annex III of any withdrawal of ►
M1EC type-
approval ◄and of the reasons for such a measure.
Article 9
Any decision taken pursuant to the provisions adopted in implementa-
tion of this Directive to refuse or withdraw ►M1EC type-
approval ◄for a tyre or ►M1EC type-approval ◄of a vehicle
with regard to the fitting of its tyres implying a prohibition ofmarketing or of use shall set out in detail the reasons on which it isbased. Every such decision shall be notified to the party concerned,who shall at the same time be informed of the remedies available tohim under the laws in force in the Member States and of the time
limits allowed for the exercise of such remedies.
Article 10
Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of the Annexes
to technical progress shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure
laid down in Article 13 of Directive 70/156/EEC.
Article 10a
1. As from 4 February 2003, Member States may not:
(a) refuse to grant EC type-approval or national approval for a type of
vehicle or type of tyre, or
(b) prohibit the registration, sale or entry into service of vehicles, and
the sale or entry into service or use of tyres,
for reasons relating to the tyres and their fitting to new vehicles, if the
vehicles or tyres comply with the requirements laid down in this Direc-
tive, as amended by Directive 2001/43/EC(
1).
2. As from 4 August 2003, Member States may no longer grant EC
type-approval, and shall refuse to grant national type-approval for those
types of tyre which fall within the scope of this Directive and which do
not meet the requirements of this Directive, as amended by Directive2001/43/EC.
3. As from 4 February 2004, Member States may no longer grant
EC type-approval or national approval for a type of vehicle, for reasons
relating to its tyres or their fitting, if the requirements of this Directive,
as amended by Directive 2001/43/EC, are not met.
4. As from 4 February 2005, Member States shall:
(a) consider certificates of conformity accompanying new vehicles in
accordance withth e provisions of Directive 70/156/EEC as beingno longer valid for the purposes of Article 7(1) of the said Direc-tive, if the requirements of this Directive, as amended by Directive2001/43/EC, are not met, and
(b) refuse the registration or prohibit the sale or entry into service of
new vehicles which do not meet the requirements of this Directive,as amended by Directive 2001/43/EC.
5. As from 1 October 2009, the provisions of this Directive, as
amended by Directive 2001/43/EC, shall apply for the purposes of1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 5
(1) Directive 2001/43/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17
June 2001 amending Council Directive 92/23/EEC relating to tyres for
motor vehicles and their trailers and to their fitting (OJ L 211, 4.8.2001, p.
25).▼M1
▼M1
Article 7(2) of Directive 70/156/EC, to all tyres which fall within the
scope of this Directive, with the exception of tyres of classes C1d andC1e, to which they shall apply as from 1 October 2010 and 1 October
2011 respectively.
Article 11
1. Member States shall adopt and publish the provisions necessary
to comply with this Directive before 1 July 1992 and shall forthwithinform the Commission thereof.
When the Member States adopt these measures, they shall contain a
reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such a referenceon the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making
such a reference shall be laid down by the Member States.
They shall apply these measures from 1 January 1993.2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of
the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the fieldcovered by this Directive.
Article 12
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 6
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LISTOFANNEXES
ANNEX I Administrative provisions for the EC type-approval of tyres
Appendix 1 Information document relating to EC type-approval for a type
of tyre
Appendix 2 EC type-approval certificate (tyres)
Appendix 3 Information document relating to EC type-approval for a type
of tyre relating to tyre/road noise emission
Appendix 4 EC type-approval certificate (tyre/road noise emission)
ANNEX II(1) Requirements for tyres
Appendix 1 Explanatory figure
Appendix 2 List of symbols of load-capacity indices and corresponding
maximum mass to be carried
Appendix 3 Arrangement of tyre markings
Appendix 4 Relationship between the pressure index and the units of
pressure
Appendix 5 Measuring rim, outer diameter and section widthof tyres of
certain size designations
Appendix 6 Method of measuring tyre dimensions
Appendix 7 Load/speed test procedureAppendix 8 Variation of load capacity index withspeed; commercial-
vehicle tyres radial and diagonal
ANNEX III Administrative provisions for type-approval of vehicles with
regard to the fitting of their tyres
Appendix 1 Information document for a vehicleAppendix 2 EC type-approval certificate for a vehicle
ANNEX IV Requirements for vehicles with regard to the fitting of their
tyres
ANNEX V Tyre/road noise emission
Appendix 1 Test method for tyre-road sound levels, coast-by methodAppendix 2 Test report
ANNEXE VI Specifications for the test site
(1) The technical requirements for tyres are similar to those of Regulations Nos 30 and 54
of the UN Economic Commission for Europe (UN/ECE).1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 7
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ANNEX I
ADMINISTRATIVEPROVISIONS FOR THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL OF
TYRES
1. APPLICATION FOR THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL OF A TYPE OF
TYRE
1.1. The application for EC type-approval for a type of tyre pursuant to
Article 3(4) of Directive 70/156/EEC is to be submitted by the tyre
manufacturer.
1.1.1. The application for EC type-approval pursuant to Annex II is to be
accompanied, in triplicate, by a description of the tyre type as
described in the information document in Appendix 1.
1.1.1.1. The application must be accompanied (all in triplicate) by a sketch,
or a representative photograph, which identifies the tyre tread pattern
and a sketch of the envelope of the inflated tyre mounted on the
measuring rim showing the relevant dimensions (see sections 6.1.1.
and 6.1.2. of Annex II) of the type submitted for approval.
1.1.1.2. It must be accompanied either by the test report issued by the
appointed technical service or by a number of samples to be deter-
mined by the approval authority.
1.1.2. The application for EC type-approval pursuant to Annex V is to be
accompanied, in triplicate, by a description of the tyre type as
described in the information document in Appendix 3.
1.1.2.1. The application must be accompanied (all in triplicate) by sketches,
drawings or photographs of the tread pattern(s) that is/are representa-tive of the type of tyres.
1.1.2.2. It must also be accompanied either by the test report issued by the
appointed technical service or by a number of samples to be deter-
mined by the approval authority.
1.2. The manufacturer may apply for EC type-approval to be extended1.2.1. to include modified tyre types for EC type-approvals pursuant to
Annex II and/or
1.2.2. to include additional tyre size designations and/or amended brand
names or manufacturer's trade descriptions and/or tread patterns for
EC type-approvals pursuant to Annex V.
1.3. Until 31 December 2005 the approval authority may accept the labor-
tatories of the tyre manufacturer as approved test laboratories
pursuant to Article 14(1) of Directive 70/156/EEC.
2. INSCRIPTIONS
2.1. Samples of a type of tyre submitted for EC type-approval must bear
the applicant's clearly visible and indelible trade mark or name and
must allow sufficient space for the inscription of the EC type-
approval mark as required in section 4 of this Annex.
3. EC TYPE-APPROVAL
3.1. EC type-approval pursuant to Article 4 of Directive 70/156/EEC is to
be granted and an EC type-approval number is to be issued in respect
of any tyre type, submitted in accordance with1.1.1. above, wh ich
satisfies the requirements of Annex II.
3.1.1. Notice of approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval
or of production definitively discontinued in relation to a tyre type
pursuant to Annex II must be communicated to the Member States
in accordance withArticle 4(6) of Directive 70/156/EEC.
3.1.2. EC type-approval pursuant to Article 4 of Directive 70/156/EEC is to
be granted and an EC type-approval number is to be issued in respect
of any tyre type, submitted in accordance with1.1.2. above, wh ich
satisfies the requirements of Annex V.
3.2.1. Notice of approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval
or of production definitely discontinued in relation to a tyre type
pursuant to Annex V must be communicated to the Member States
in accordance withArticle 4(6) of Directive 70/156/EEC.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 8
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3.3. An EC type-approval number is to be assigned to eachtyre type-
approved. The same Member State must not assign the same number
to another tyre type. In particular, approval numbers assigned
pursuant to Annex II and EC type-approval numbers assigned
pursuant to Annex V must be different.
4. EC TYPE-APPROVAL MARKING
4.1. Any tyre conforming to a type in respect of which EC type-approval
has been granted pursuant to this Directive must bear the relevant EC
type-approval mark.
4.2. The EC type-approval mark will consist of a rectangle surrounding
the lower case letter ‘e’ followed by the distinguishing number of
the Member State which has granted the type-approval as per Annex
VII to Directive 70/156/EEC. The EC type-approval number will
consist of the EC type-approval number shown on the certificate
completed for the type, preceded by two figures: ‘00’ for commercial
vehicle tyres, ‘02’ for passenger car tyres.
4.2.1. The rectangle forming the EC type-approval mark must have a
minimum length of 12 mm and a minimum height of 8 mm. Letter(s)and number(s) must be at least 4 mm in height.
4.3. The EC type-approval marks and numbers, and any additional marks
required in Annex II, section 3., the latter for the type-approval
pursuant to the requirements of Annex II, must be affixed as
prescribed in that section.
4.4. Approval numbers assigned pursuant to Annex V must be followed
by the suffix ‘s’ where ‘s’ is an abbreviation for sound.
4.5. An example of the EC type-approval mark is given below:
The tyre bearing the EC type-approval mark shown above is a
commercial vehicle tyre (00) satisfying the EC requirements (e), for
which the EC type-approval mark has been granted in Ireland (24)
under the number 479 pursuant to Annex II and in Italy (3) under
the number 687-s pursuant to Annex V.
Note:The numbers ‘479’ and ‘687’ (EC-mark type-approval
numbers) and the number ‘24’ and the digit ‘3’ (letters and
number of the Member States which granted the EC approval)
are for guidance only.
The approval numbers must be placed close to the rectangle and may
be above, below, to the left or to the right. The characters of the
approval number must all be on the same side of the ‘e’ and face in
the same direction.
5. MODIFICATION OF A TYRE TYPE
5.1. If a tyre type-approved pursuant to Annex II or pursuant to Annex V
has been modified, the provisions of Article 5 of Directive 70/156/
EEC shall apply.
5.2. If the tread pattern of a tyre has been modified in the case of type-
approvals pursuant to Annex II, no repetition of the tests prescribed
in Annex II is considered necessary.
5.3. In the case where tyre-size designations or trade marks are added to a
range of tyres type-approved pursuant to Annex V, any requirement
for retesting shall be determined by the type approval authority.
5.4. In the case of modification of the tyre tread pattern of a range of
tyres approved pursuant to Annex V, a representative set of samples
shall be retested unless the type approval authority is satisfied that
the modification does not affect the tyre/road noise emissions.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 9
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6. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
6.1. The general rules to ensure the conformity of production shall be
adopted in accordance withth e provisions laid down in Article 10
of Directive 70/156/EEC.
6.2. In particular, when checks are carried out in accordance with
Appendix 1 to Annex V in order to check the conformity of produc-
tion, if the noise level of the tyre tested does not exceed the limit
values set out in section 4.2. of Annex V by more than 1 dB(A),
the production shall be deemed to conform to the requirements of
section 4 of the abovementioned Annex V.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 10
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Appendix 1
INFORMATION DOCUMENT No … RELATING TO EC TYPE-
APPROVALFORATYPEOFTYRE
(Annex II to Directive 92/23/EEC)
1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 11
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Appendix 2
ECTYPE-APPROVALCERTIFICATE
(tyres)
MODEL
(maximum format: A4 (210 mm × 297 mm))
►(1) (2) (3) (4)M11992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 12
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Appendix 3
1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 14
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Appendix 4
1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 15
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ANNEX II
REQUIREMENTSFORTYRES
1. DEFINITIONS
2. For the purposes of this Directive:
2.1. ‘type of tyre’ means a category of tyres which do not differ in such
essential respects as:
2.1.1. manufacturer's name or trade mark;2.1.2. tyre-size designation;
2.1.3. category of use:
— normal: normal road-use tyre,
— special: special-use tyre, e.g. tyre for mixed use (bothon and off
the road) and at restricted speed,
— snow tyre,
— temporary-use spare tyre;
2.1.4. structure (diagonal (bias-ply), bias-belted, radial-ply);
2.1.5. speed category;
2.1.6. load capacity index;2.1.7. tyre cross-section;2.2. ‘snow tyre’ means a tyre the tread pattern and structure of which are
primarily designed to ensure in mud and freshor melting snow a
performance better than that of a normal tyre. The tread pattern of a
snow tyre generally consists of groove (rib) and/or solid-block
elements more widely spaced than on a normal tyre;
2.3. ‘structure’ of a tyre means the technical characteristics of the tyre's
carcass. The following structures are distinguished in particular:
2.3.1. ‘diagonal’ or‘bias-ply’ describes a tyre structure in which the ply
cords extend to the bead and are laid at alternate angles of substan-
tially less than 90º to the centreline of the tread;
2.3.2. ‘bias-belted’ describes a tyre structure of diagonal (bias-ply) type in
which the carcass is restricted by a belt comprising two or more
layers of substantially inextensible cord material laid at alternate
angles close to those of the carcass;
2.3.3. ‘radial’describes a tyre structure in which the ply cords extend to
the beads and are laid substantially at 90º to the centreline of the
tread, the carcass being stabilized by an essentially inextensible
circumferential belt;
2.3.4. ‘reinforce’ describes a tyre structure in which the carcass is more
resistant than that of the corresponding standard tyre;
2.3.5. ‘temporary-use spare tyre’ means a tyre different from a tyre
intended to be fitted to any vehicle for normal driving conditions;
but intended only for temporary use under restricted driving condi-
tions;
2.3.6. ‘T-type temporary-use spare tyre’ means a type of temporary-use
spare tyre designed for use at inflation pressure higher than those
established for standard and reinforced tyres;
2.4. ‘bead’means the part of a tyre which is of such shape and structure
as to fit the rim and hold the tyre on it(
1);
2.5. ‘cord’means the strands forming the fabric of the plies in the
tyre (1);
2.6. ‘ply’means a layer of rubber-coated parallel cords (1);
2.7. ‘carcass’ means that part of a tyre other than the tread and the rubber
sidewalls which, when inflated, bears the load (1);1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 16
(1) See explanatory figure, Appendix 1.
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2.8. ‘tread’means that part of a tyre which comes into contact with the
ground(1);
2.9. ‘sidewall’ means the part of the tyre, excluding the tread, which is
visible when the tyre, fitted to a rim, is viewed from the side (1);
2.10. ‘lower sidewall’ means the area below the line of maximum section
width of the tyre, which is visible when the tyre, fitted to a rim, is
viewed from the side (1);
2.11. ‘tread groove’ means the space between the adjacent ribs or blocks
in the tread pattern (1);
2.12. ‘sectionwidth’ means the linear distance between the outsides of the
sidewalls of an inflated tyre, excluding elevations due to labelling
(marking), decoration or protective bands or ribs (1);
2.13. ‘overall width’ means the linear distance between the outsides of the
sidewalls of an inflated tyre, including labelling (marking), decora-
tion and protective bands or ribs(1);
2.14. ‘sectionheight’ means a distance equal to half the difference between
the outer diameter of the tyre and the nominal rim diameter (1);
2.15. ‘nominal aspect ratio Ra’ means one hundred times the number
obtained by dividing the number expressing the nominal section
height in millimetres by the number expressing the nominal section
widthin millimeters;
2.16. ‘outer diameter’ means the overall diameter of an inflated new
tyre (1);
2.17. ‘tyre-size designation’ :
2.17.1. means a designation showing:
2.17.1.1. the nominal secton width. This width must be expressed in mm,
except in the case of tyres for which the size designation is shown
in the first column of the tables in Appendix 5;
2.17.1.2. the nominal aspect ratio, except in the case of tyres for which the
size designation is shown in the first column of the tables in
Appendix 5;
2.17.1.3. a conventional number ‘d’ (the ‘d’ symbol) denoting the nominal rim
diameter and corresponding to the diameter of the rim expressed
either in inches (number below 100 — see table) or in mm (numbers
above 100) but not both.
The exhaustive range of values is shown in the table below:
Nominal rim diameter (the ‘d’ symbol)
Expressed in inches
(code)Equivalence in mm
(reference section 6.1.2.1)
10 254
11 279
12 305
13 330
14 356
15 381
16 406
17 43218 457
19 483
20 508
21 533
22 5591992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 17
(1) See explanatory figure, Appendix 1.
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Nominal rim diameter (the ‘d’ symbol)
Expressed in inches
(code)Equivalence in mm
(reference section 6.1.2.1)
24 610
25 625
14,5 368
16,5 419
17,5 445
19,5 495
20,5 521
22,5 572
24,5 622
2.17.1.4. theletter‘T’infrontofthenominalsectionwidthincase
of T-type temporary-use spare tyres;
2.18. ‘nominalrimdiameter(d)’ meansthediameteroftherimonwhicha
tyre is designed to be mounted(1);
2.19. ‘rim’means the support for a tyre-and-tube assembly, or for a tube-
less tyre, on which the tyre beads are seated (1);
2.20. ‘theoretical rim’ means the notional rim whose width would be equal
to × times the nominal section width of a tyre; the value ‘x’ must be
specified by the tyre manufacturer;
2.21. ‘measuring rim’ means the rim on which a tyre must be fitted for
size measurements;
2.22. ‘test rim’ means the rim on which a tyre must be fitted for testing;
2.23. ‘chunking’ means the breaking away of pieces of rubber from the
tread;
2.24. ‘cord separation’ means the parting of the cords from their rubber
coating;
2.25. ‘ply separation’ means the parting of adjacent plies;
2.26. ‘tread separation’ means the pulling away of the tread from the
carcass;
2.27. ‘tread-wear indicators’ mean projections within the tread-grooves
designed to give a visual indication of the degree of wear of the
tread;
2.28. ‘load-capacity index’ means one or two numbers which indicate the
load the tyre can carry in single or in single and dual formation at thespeed corresponding to the associated speed category and when oper-
ated in conformity withth e requirements governing utilization
specified by the manufacturer. The list of these indices and their
corresponding masses is given in Annex II, Appendix 2;
2.28.1. on passenger car tyres there must be one load index only;
2.28.2. on commercial vehicle tyres there may be one or two load indices,
the first one for single formation and the second one, when present,
for dual (twin) formation in which case the two indices are divided
by a slash(/);
2.28.3. a type of tyre may have either one or two sets of load capacity
indices depending on whether or not the provisions of section 6.2.5are applied;
2.29. ‘speed category’ , expressed by the speed category symbol as shown
in the table in 2.29.3;
2.29.1. in the case of a passenger car tyre, the maximum speed which the
tyre can sustain;1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 18
(1) See explanatory figure, Appendix 1.
▼B
2.29.2. in the case of a commercial vehicle tyre, the speed at which the tyre
can carry the mass corresponding to the load capacity index;
2.29.3. The speed categories are as shown in the table below:
Speed category symbolCorresponding speed
(km/h)
F8 0
G9 0
J 100
K 110
L 120
M 130
N 140
P 150
Q 160
R 170
S 180
T 190
U 200
H 210V 240
2.29.4. tyres suitable for maximum speeds higher than 240 km/h are identi-
fied by means of the letter code ‘Z’ placed within the tyre size
designation;
2.29.5. a type of tyre may have either one or two sets of speed category
symbols depending on whether or not the provisions of section 6.2.5
are applied;
2.30. ‘table: Variationof load capacity with speed’ means: the table, in
Annex II Appendix 8, showing as a function of the load capacity
indices and nominal speed category symbols the load variations
which a tyre can withstand when used at speeds different from that
corresponding to its speed category symbol;
2.30.1. the load variations do not apply in the case of passenger car tyres
nor, in the case of commercial vehicle tyres, to the additional load
capacity indices and speed category symbol when the provisions of
section 6.2.5 are applied;
2.31. ‘maximum load rating’ means the maximum mass the tyre is rated to
carry:
2.31.1. in the case of passenger car tyres suitable for speeds not exceeding
210 km/h, the maximum load rating must not exceed the value asso-
ciated with the load capacity index of the tyre;
2.31.2. in the case of passenger car tyres suitable for speeds exceeding
210 km/h, but not exceeding 240 km/h (tyres classified with speed
category symbol ‘V’), the maximum load rating must not exceed the
percentage of the value associated with the load capacity index of the
tyre, indicated in the table below, with reference to the speed
capability of the vehicle to which the tyre is fitted;
Maximum speed
(km/h)Load
(%)
215 98,5
220 97
225 95,5
230 94235 92,5240 91
for intermediate maximum speeds linear interpolations of the
maximum load rating are allowed;
2.31.3. for speeds exceeding 240 km/h(‘Z tyres’) th e maximum load rating
must not exceed the value specified by the tyre manufacturer with1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 19
▼B
reference to the maximum speed capability of the vehicle to which it
is fitted;
2.31.4. in the case of commercial vehicle tyres, the maximum load rating,
bothfor single and for dual formation, must not exceed th e percen-
tage of the value associated with the relevant load capacity index of
the tyre as indicated in the table ‘Load-capacity variation with speed’
(see 2.30), with reference to the speed category symbol of the tyre
and the speed capability of the vehicle to which the tyre is fitted.
When additional load capacity indices and speed category symbols
apply, those too are considered to determine the maximum load
rating of the tyre;
2.32. ‘passenger car tyre’ means a tyre designed primarily, but not only,
for passenger cars (motor vehicles in category M1) and their trailers
(01 and 02);
2.33. ‘commercial vehicle tyre’ means a tyre designed primarily, but not
only, for vehicles other than passenger cars (motor vehicles in cate-
gories M2, M3, N) and their trailers (03, 04);
2.34. ‘tyre ground pressure (F/Ac)’ means the average until load trans-
mitted by the tyre, through its contact area, to the road surface
expressed as the ratio between the vertical force (F), in static condi-
tions on the axis of the wheel and the tyre contact area (Ac)
measured with the tyre inflated at the cold inflation pressure recom-
mended for the intended type of service. It is expressed in kN/m2;
2.35. ‘tyre contact area (Ac)’ means the area of the flat surface contained
within the virtual perimeter of the tyre footprint. It is expressed in
m2;
2.36. ‘virtual perimeter of the tyre footprint’ means the convex polygonal
curve circumscribing the smallest area containing all points of
contact between the tyre and the ground;
2.37. ‘cold inflation pressure’ means the internal pressure of the tyre with
the tyre at ambient temperature and does not include any pressure
build up due to tyre usage. It is expressed in bar kPa.
3. MARKING REQUIREMENTS
3.1. Tyres must bear:3.1.1. the manufacturer's name or trade mark;3.1.2. the tyre-size designation as defined in section 2.17;3.1.3. an indication of the structure as follows:3.1.3.1. on diagonal (bias-ply) tyres, no making or the letter ‘D’;3.1.3.2. on radial-ply tyres, the letter ‘R’ placed in front of the nominal in
diameter marking and, optionally, the word ‘RADIAL’;
3.1.3.3. on bias-belted tyres, the letter ‘B’ placed in front of the nominal rim
diameter marking and, in addition, the words ‘BIAS-BELTED’;
3.1.4. an indication of the tyre's speed category by means of the symbol
shown in section 2.29; in the case of tyres suitable for speeds higher
than 240 km/h the speed category of the tyre must be indicated by
the letter code ‘Z’ placed in front of the indication of the structure
(see section 3.1.3);
3.1.5. the inscription ‘M + S’ (for alternatively ‘M.S.’ or ‘M & S’) in the
case of a snow tyre;
3.1.6. the load-capacity index as defined in section 2.28;
3.1.6.1. however, in the case of tyres suitable for speeds higher than 240 km/
h the indication of the load capacity index may be omitted;
3.1.7. the word ‘TUBELESS’ if the tyre is designed for use without an
inner tube;
3.1.8. the word ‘REINFORCED’ if the tyre is a reinforced tyre;3.1.9. the date of manufacture in the form of a group of three digits, the
first two showing the week and the last one the year of manufacture;
3.1.10. in the case of commercial vehicle tyres which can be regrooved, the
symbol ‘
’ at last 20 mm in diameter, or the word ‘REGROO-
VABLE’, moulded into or on to eachsidewall;1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 20
▼B
3.1.11. in the case of commercial vehicles tyres, an indication, by the ‘PSI’
index (see Appendix 4), of the inflation pressure to be adopted for
the load/speed tests, as explained in Appendic 7 Part B;
3.1.12. the additional load capacity index/indices and the speed category
symbol in the case where the provisions of section 6.2.5 are applied.
3.2. Appendix 3 gives examples of the arrangement of tyre markings.3.3. The tyre must also bear the ►
M1EC type-approval ◄mark, the
model of which is given in Annex I, section 4.5.
POSITION OF MARKINGS
3.4. The markings referred to in section 3.1 and 3.3 must be clearly and
legibly moulded into or on to bothsidewalls, and at least on one side
on the lower sidewall, as follows:
3.4.1. Bei symmetrischen Reifen sind alle obengenannten Aufschriften auf
beiden Seitenwänden anzubringen; hiervon ausgenommen sind die
Angaben gemäß den Nummern 3.1.9, 3.1.11 und 3.3, die lediglich
auf einer Seitenwand erscheinen können;
3.4.2. in the case of asymmetrical tyres all the markings must be located on
at least the outer sidewall.
(4.)(5.)(6.)
6.1.Dimensionalrequirements
6.1.1. Sectionwidth of a tyre
6.1.1.1. Except as provided by section 6.1.1.2, the section width is calculated
by the following formula:
S=S
1, + K (A−A1)
where:
S = the ‘section width’ expressed in mm(1) and measured on the
measuring rim;
S1= the ‘nominal section width’ in mm as shown on the sidewall
of the tyre in the tyre-size designation as prescribed;
A = the width (expressed in mm) of the measuring rim, as shown
by the manufacturer in the descriptive note, (see section 6.11
of Annex I, Appendix 1);
A1= the width (expressed in mm) of the theoretical rim; it is taken
to equal S1multiplied by the factor x as specified by the tyre
manufacturer (see section 6.15 of Annex I, Appendix 1); and
K is taken to equal 0.4.
6.1.1.2. However, for the types of tyre for which the size designation is given
in the first column of the tables in Appendix 5 A or 5 B, the
measuring rim width(A) and th e section width(S) are th ose given
opposite the tyre size designation in those tables.
6.1.2. Outer diameter of a tyre
6.1.2.1. Except as provided by secton 6.1.2.2, the outer diameter of a tyre is
calculated by the following formula:
D = d + 0,02Hwhere:
— D is the outer diameter expressed in mm,
— d is the conventional number defined in section 2.17.1.3,
expressed in mm,
— H is the nominal section heigth in mm and is equal to S
1× 0,01
Ra;
where:
— Ra is the nominal aspect ratio,1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 21
(1) Equivalence factor from inches to mm is 25,4.
▼B
all as shown on the sidewall of the tyre in the tyre-size designation in
conformity withth e requirements of section 3.
6.1.2.2. However, for the types of tyres for which the size designation is
given in the first column of the tables of Appendix 5 the outer
diameter is that given opposite the tyre size designation in those
tables.
6.1.3. Method of measuring tyre dimensions
The actual dimensions of tyres are measured as prescribed in
Appendix 6.
6.1.4. Tyre sectionwidth: specificationof toleran ce
6.1.4.1. The overall width of a tyre may be less than the section width deter-
mined pursuant to section 6.1.1 or shown in Appendix 5;
6.1.4.2. It may not exceed that value by more than the following:
6.1.4.2.1. diagonal (bias-ply) tyres: 6 % for passenger car tyres, 8 % for
commercial vehicle tyres;
6.1.4.2.2. radial-ply tyres: 4 %; and6.1.4.2.3. in addition, if the tyre has a special protective band, the figure as
increased by the above tolerances may be exceeded by 8 mm.
6.1.4.2.4. However, for tyres of a section widthexceeding 305 mm intended for
dual (twin) mounting the nominal value must not be exceeded by
more than 2 % for radial-ply or 4 % for diagonal (bias-ply) tyres.
6.1.5. Tyre outer diameter: specificationof toleran ce
The outer diameter of a tyre must not be outside the values Dmin and
Dmax obtained from the following formulae:
Dmin = d + (2H × a)
Dmax = d + (2H × b)
6.1.5.1. for sizes listed in Appendix 5:
H = 0,5 (D — d) — (for references see section 6.1.2.2).
6.1.5.2. for other sizes not listed in Appendix 5:
‘H’ and ‘d’ are as defined in section 6.1.2.1.
6.1.5.3. coefficients ‘a’ and ‘b’ are respectively:
6.1.5.3.1. coefficient ‘a’ = 0,97;6.1.5.3.2. coefficient ‘b’ for normal, special, snow or temporary-use spare tyres
Category of usePassenger car tyres Commercial vehicle tyres
Radial Bias Radial Bias
Normal 1,04 1,08 1,04 1,07
Special — — 1,06 1,09
Snow 1,04 1,08 1,04 1,07
Temporary-use 1,04 1,08 — —
6.1.5.4. For snow tyres the outer diameter (Dmax) established in conformity
withth e above may be exceeded by 1 %.
6.2. Load/speed test requirement
6.2.1. The tyre must undergo a load/speed test carried out in accordance
withth e relevant procedure described in Appendix 7.
6.2.2. A tyre which, after undergoing the relevant load/speed test, does not
exhibit any tread separation, ply separation, cord separation,
chunking or broken cords is deemed to have passed the test.
6.2.3. The outer diameter of the tyre, measured six hours after the load/
speed test, must not be more than 3,5 % greater than the outer
diameter as measured before the test.
6.2.4. Where application is made for the ►M1EC type-approval ◄of a
type of commercial vehicle tyre the load/speed combinations given in1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 22
▼B
the table in Appendix 8 apply and, the load/speed test prescribed in
section 6.2.1 need not be carried out for load and speed values other
than the nominal values.
6.2.5. Where application (see secton 6.13 of Annex 1, Appendix 1) is made
for the ►M1EC type-approval ◄of a type of commercial vehicle
tyre which has a load/speed combination in addition to the one that is
subject to the variation of load with speed given in the table in
Appendix 8, the load/speed test prescribed in section 6.2.1 must also
be carried out on a second tyre of the same type at the additional
load/speed combination.
6.2.6. Where a tyre manufacturer produces a range of tyres it is not consid-
ered necessary to carry out a load/speed test on every type of tyre in
the range. Worst-case selection may be made, at the discretion of the
approval authority.
6.3.Tread-wearindicators
6.3.1. In the case of passenger car tyres the tread of the tyre must include
not less than six transverse rows of tread-wear indicators, approxi-
mately equally spaced and situated in the wide grooves in the
central zone of the tread, which covers approximately three quarters
of the tread width. The tread-wear indicators must be such that they
cannot be confused with the rubber ridges between the ribs or blocks
of the tread.
6.3.2. However, in the case of tyres of dimensions appropriate for mounting
on rims of a nominal diamter of 12 ″or less, four rows of tread-wear
indicators are acceptable.
6.3.3. The tread-wear indicators must give visual warning when the depth
of the corresponding tread grooves has been reduced to 1,6 mm
witha tolerance of + 0,6/- 0 mm.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 23
▼B
Appendix 1
Explanatoryfigure
(see Annex II, sections 2 and 6.1)
1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 24
▼B
Appendix 2
LISTOFSYMBOLSOFLOAD-CAPACITYINDICES(LI)ANDCORRE-
SPONDINGMAXIMUMMASSTOBECARRIED(GK)
(see Annex II, section 2.28)
LI Maximum
04 5
1 46,2
2 47,5
3 48,7
45 0
5 51,565 3
7 54,5
85 6
95 8
10 60
11 61,5
12 63
13 65
14 67
15 69
16 7117 73
18 75
19 77,5
20 80
21 82,5
22 85
23 87,5
24 90
25 92,5
26 95
27 97,528 100
29 103
30 106
31 109
32 112
33 115
34 118
35 121
36 125
37 128
38 13239 136
40 140
41 145
42 150
43 155
44 160
45 165
46 170
47 175
48 180
49 1851992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 25
▼B
LI Maximum
50 190
51 19552 20053 206
54 212
55 21856 22457 230
58 236
59 24060 25061 257
62 265
63 27264 28065 290
66 300
67 30768 31569 32570 335
71 345
72 35573 36574 375
75 387
76 40077 41278 425
79 437
80 45081 46282 475
83 487
84 50085 51586 530
87 545
88 56089 58090 600
91 615
92 63093 65094 67095 690
96 710
97 73098 75099 775
100 800
101 825102 850103 875
104 900
105 9251992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 26
▼B
LI Maximum
106 950
107 975108 1 000109 1 030
110 1 060
111 1 090112 1 120113 1 150
114 1 180
115 1 215116 1 250117 1 285
118 1 320
119 1 360120 1 400121 1 450
122 1 500
123 1 550124 1 600125 1 650126 1 700
127 1 750
128 1 800129 1 850130 1 900
131 1 950
132 2 000133 2 060134 2 120
135 2 180
136 2 240137 2 300138 2 360
139 2 430
140 2 500141 2 575142 2 650
143 2 725
144 2 800145 2 900146 3 000
147 3 075
148 3 150149 3 250150 3 350151 3 450
152 3 550
153 3 650154 3 750155 3 875
156 4 000
157 4 125158 4 250159 4 375
160 4 500
161 4 6251992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 27
▼B
LI Maximum
162 4 750
163 4 875164 5 000165 5 150166 5 300167 5 450168 5 600169 5 800170 6 000171 6 150172 6 300173 6 500
174 6 700
175 6 900176 7 100177 7 300178 7 500179 7 750180 8 000181 8 250182 8 500183 8 750184 9 000185 9 250
186 9 500
187 9 750188 10000189 10300190 10600191 10900192 11200193 11500194 11800195 12150196 12500
197 12850
198 13200199 13600200 140001992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 28
▼B
Appendix 3
ARRANGEMENTOFTYREMARKINGS
(see Annex II, section 3.2)
PART A: PASSENGER CAR TYRES
Example of the markings to be borne by types of tyres placed on the
marketafternotificationofthisDirective
These markings define a tyre:
— having a nominal section width of 185,
— having a nominal aspect ratio of 70,— of radial-ply structure (R),— having a nominal rim diameter of 14,— having a load capacity of 580 kg, corresponding to load index 89 in
Appendix 2,
— classified in the speed category T (maximum speed 190 km/h),— for fitting without an inner tube (‘tubeless’),— of ‘snow’ type,— manufactured during the twenty-fifth week of the year 1993.
The positioning and order of the markings constituting the tyre designation are
as follows:
(a) the size designation, comprising the nominal section width, the nominal
aspect ratio, the type of structure symbol (where applicable) and the
nominal rim diameter, must be grouped as shown in the above example:
185/70 R 14;
(b) the load index and the speed category symbol are placed near the size desig-
nation. They may either precede or follow it or be placed above or below it;
(c) the symbols ‘tubeless’, ‘reinforced’, and ‘M + S’ may be at a distance from
the size designation.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 29
▼B
PART B: COMMERCIAL VEHICLE TYRES
These markings define a tyre:
— having a nominal section width of 250,
— having a nominal aspect ratio of 70,
— of racial-ply structure (R),
— having a nominal rim diameter of 508 mm, for which the symbol is 20,— having load capacities of 3 250 kg when single and 2 900 kg when twinned
(dual), corresponding respectively to the load capacity indices 149 and 145
shown in Appendix 2,
— classified in the nominal speed category J (reference speed 100 km/h),— able to be used additionally in speed category L (reference speed 120 km/h)
with a load capacity of 3 000 kg when single and 2 725 kg when twinned
(dual), corresponding respectively to the load capacity indices 146 and 143
shown in Appendix 2,
— for fitting without an inner tube ‘tubeless’,
— of ‘snow’ type,— manufactured during the twenty-fifth week of the year 1991, and— requiring to be inflated to 620 kPa for load/speed endurance tests, for which
the PSI symbol is 90.
The positioning and order of the markings constituting the tyre designation are
as follows:
(a) the size designation, comprising the nominal section width, the nominal
aspect ratio, the type-of-structure symbol (where applicable) and the
nominal rim diameter, must be grouped as shown in the above example:
250/70 R 20;
(b) the load indices and the speed category symbol are placed together near the
size designation. They may either precede or follow it or be placed above or
below it;
(c) the symbols ‘Tubeless’, ‘M + S’ and ‘REGROOVABLE’ may be at a
distance from the size designation;
(d) if section 6.2.5 of Annex II is applied the additional load-capacity indices
and speed-category symbol must be shown inside a circle near the nominal
load-capacity indices and speed category symbol appearing on the tyre side-
wall.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 30
▼B
Appendix 4
RELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHEPRESSUREINDEXANDTHEUNITS
OFPRESSURE
(see Annex II, Appendix 7, Part B, section 1.3)
Pressure Index
(‘PSI’)bar kPa
20 1.4 140
25 1.7 170
30 2.1 210
35 2.4 240
40 2.8 280
45 3.1 310
50 3.4 340
55 3.8 380
60 4.2 420
65 4.5 450
70 4.8 480
75 5.2 520
80 5.5 550
85 5.9 590
90 6.2 620
95 6.6 660
100 6.9 690
105 7.2 720110 7.6 760
115 7.9 790
120 8.3 830
125 8.6 860
130 9.0 900
135 9.3 930
140 9.7 970
145 10.0 1 000
150 10.3 1 0301992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 31
▼B
Appendix 5
MEASURINGRIM,OUTERDIAMETERANDSECTIONWIDTHOF TYRESOFCERTAIN
SIZEDESIGNATIONS
(see Annex II, sections 6.1.1.2 and 6.1.2.2)
PART A: PASSENCER CAR TYRES
TABLE1
Tyresindiagonalconstruction
Tyre size designationMeasuring rim width
(inches)Outer diameter (1)
(in mm)Section width(1)
(in mm)
Super balloonseries
4.80-10 3.5 490 128
5.20-10 3.5 508 1325.20-12 3.5 558 1325.60-13 4 600 1455.90-13 4 616 1506.40-13 4.5 642 1635.20-14 3.5 612 132
5.60-14 4 626 145
5.90-14 4 642 1506.40-14 4.5 666 1635.60-15 4 650 1455.90-15 4 668 1506.40-15 4.5 692 1636.70-15 4.5 710 1707.10-15 5 724 1807.60-15 5.5 742 1938.20-15 6 760 213
Low sectionseries
5.50-12 4 552 142
6.00-12 4.5 574 1567.00-13 5 644 1787.00-14 5 668 1787.50-14 5.5 688 1908.00-14 6 702 203
6.00-15 L 4.5 650 156
Super low sectionseries (
2)
155-13/6.15-13 4.5 582 157
165-13/6.45-13 4.5 600 167175-13/6.95-13 5 610 178155-14/6.15-14 4.5 608 157165-14/6.45-14 4.5 626 167175-14/6.95-14 5 638 178
185-14/7.35-14 5.5 654 188
195-14/7.75-14 5.5 670 198
Ultra low section
5.9-10 4.5 483 148
6.5-13 4.5 586 1666.9-13 4.5 600 1727.3-13 5 614 184
(1) Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.
(2) The following size designations are accepted:
185-14/7.35-14 or 185-14 or 7.35-14 or 7.35-14/185-14.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 32
▼B
TABLE2
Tyresinradialconstruction
Tyre size designationMeasuring rim width
(inches)Outer diameter (1)
(in mm)Section width(1)
(in mm)
5.60 R 13 4 606 145
5.90 R 13 4.5 626 1556.40 R 13 4.5 640 1707.00 R 13 5 644 1787.25 R 13 5 654 184
5.90 R 14 4.5 654 155
5.60 R 15 4 656 145
6.40 R 15 4.5 690 1706.70 R 15 5 710 180
140 R 12 4 538 138
150 R 12 4 554 150
150 R 13 4 580 149
160 R 13 4.5 596 158170 R 13 5 608 173
150 R 14 4 606 149
180 R 15 5 676 174
(1) Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 33
▼B
TABLE3
Millimetric series—radial
Tyre size designation (2)Measuring rim width
(inches)Outer diameter (1)
(in mm)Section width(1)
(in mm)
125 R 10 3.5 459 127
145 R 10 4 492 147
125 R 12 3.5 510 178
135 R 12 4 522 184
145 R 12 4 542
155 R 12 4.5 550 155
125 R 13 3.5 536 127
135 R 13 4 548 137145 R 13 4 566 147
155 R 13 4.5 578 157
165 R 13 4.5 596 167175 R 13 5 608 178185 R 13 5.5 624 188
125 R 14 3.5 562 127
135 R 14 4 574 137
145 R 14 4 590 147
155 R 14 4.5 604 157165 R 14 4.5 622 167175 R 14 5 634 178185 R 14 5.5 650 188195 R 14 5.5 666 198205 R 14 6 686 208215 R 14 6 700 218225 R 14 6.5 714 228
125 R 15 3.5 588 127
135 R 15 4 600 137145 R 15 4 616 147155 R 15 4.5 630 157165 R 15 4.5 646 167175 R 15 5 660 178
185 R 15 5.5 674 188
195 R 15 5.5 690 198205 R 15 6 710 208215 R 15 6 724 218225 R 15 6.5 738 228235 R 15 6.5 752 238
175 R 16 5 686 178
185 R 16 5.5 698 188205 R 16 6 736 208
(1) Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.
(2) On certain tyres the rim diameter can be expressed in mm:
10″= 255
12″= 305
13″= 330
14″= 355
15″= 380
16″= 405
(example: 125 R 225).1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 34
▼B
TABLE4
70Series—Radial (*)
Tyre size designationMeasuring rim width
(inches)Outer diameter (1)
(in mm)Section width(1)
(in mm)
145/70 R 10 3.5 462 139
155/70 R 10 3.5 474 146165/70 R 10 4.5 494 165
145/70 R 12 4 512 144
155/70 R 12 4 524 151
165/70 R 12 4.5 544 165175/70 R 12 5 552 176
145/70 R 13 4 538 144
155/70 R 13 4 550 151
165/70 R 13 4.5 568 165
175/70 R 13 4.5 580 176185/70 R 13 5 598 186195/70 R 13 5.5 608 197205/70 R 13 5.5 625 204
145/70 R 14 4 564 144
155/70 R 14 4 576 151
165/70 R 14 4.5 592 165175/70 R 14 5 606 176185/70 R 14 5 624 186195/70 R 14 5.5 636 197205/70 R 14 5.5 652 206215/70 R 14 6 665 217225/70 R 14 6 677 225235/70 R 14 6.5 694 239245/70 R 14 6.5 705 243
145/70 R 15 4 590 144
155/70 R 15 4 602 151165/70 R 15 4.5 618 165175/70 R 15 5 632 176185/70 R 15 5 648 186
195/70 R 15 5.5 656 197
205/70 R 15 5.5 669 202215/70 R 15 6 682 213225/70 R 15 6 696 220235/70 R 15 6.5 712 234245/70 R 15 6.5 720 239
(*) Dimensional data applicable to some tyres in existence. For new ►M1EC type-approval ◄, dimensions calcu-
lated according to sections 6.1.1.1 and 6.1.2.1 of Annex II apply.
(1) Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 35
▼B
TABLE5
60Seriesradial (*)
Tyre size designationMeasuring rim width
(inches)Outer diameter (1)
(in mm)Section width(1)
(in mm)
165/60 R 12 5 504 167
165/60 R 13 5 530 167
175/60 R 13 5.5 536 178185/60 R 13 5.5 548 188
195/60 R 13 6 566 198
205/60 R 13 6 578 208215/60 R 13 6 594 218225/60 R 13 6.5 602 230235/60 R 13 6.5 614 235
165/60 R 14 5 554 167
175/60 R 14 5.5 562 178185/60 R 14 5.5 574 188195/60 R 14 6 590 198205/60 R 14 6 604 208215/60 R 14 6 610 215225/60 R 14 6 620 220235/60 R 14 6.5 630 231245/60 R 14 6.5 642 237265/60 R 14 7 670 260
185/60 R 15 5.5 600 188
195/60 R 15 6 616 198205/60 R 15 6 630 208215/60 R 15 6 638 216225/60 R 15 6.5 652 230235/60 R 15 6.5 664 236
255/60 R 15 7 688 255
205/60 R 16 6 654 208
215/60 R 16 6 662 215225/60 R 16 6 672 226235/60 R 16 6.5 684 232
(*) Dimensional data applicable to some tyres in existence. For new ►M1EC type-approval ◄, dimensions calcu-
lated according to sections 6.1.1.1 and 6.1.2.1 of Annex III apply.
(1) Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.
TABLE6
Highflotationtyres—radial
Tyre size designationMeasuring rim width
(inches)Outer diameter (1)
(in mm)Section width(1)
(in mm)
27 × 8.50 R 14 7 674 218
30 × 9.50 R 15 7.5 750 240
31 × 10.50 R 15 8.5 775 268
31 × 11.50 R 15 9 775 290
32 × 11.50 R 15 9 801 290
33 × 12.50 R 15 10 826 318
(1) Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 36
▼B
PART B: COMMERCIAL VEHICLE TYRES
TABLE1
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
NORMAL SECTION SIZES MOUNTED ON 5º-TAPERED OR FLAT BASE RIMS
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
6.50 R 20 5.00 860 181
7.00 R 16 5.50 784 198
7.00 R 18 5.50 842 198
7.00 R 20 5.50 892 198
7.50 R 16 and/or A16 or 1-16 6.00 802 210
7.50 R 17 and/or A17 or 1-17 6.00 852 210
7.50 R 20 and/or A20 or 1-20 6.00 928 2108.25 R 16 and/or B16 or 2-16 6.50 860 230
8.25 R 17 and/or B17 or 2-17 6.50 886 230
8.25 R 20 and/or B20 or 2-20 6.50 962 230
9.00 R 16 and/or C16 or 3-16 6.50 912 246
9.00 R 20 and/or C20 or 3-20 7.00 1 018 258
10.00 R 20 and/or D20 or 4-20 7.50 1 052 275
10.00 R 22 and/or D22 or 4-22 7.50 1 102 275
11.00 R 16 6.50 980 279
11.00 R 20 and/or E20 or 5-20 8.00 1 082 286
11.00 R 22 and/or E22 or 5-22 8.00 1 132 286
11.00 R 24 and/or E24 or 5-24 8.00 1 182 286
12.00 R 20 and/or F20 or 6-20 8.50 1 122 313
12.00 R 22 8.50 1 174 313
12.00 R 24 and/or F24 or 6-24 8.50 1 226 313
13.00 R 20 9.00 1 176 336
14.00 R 20 and/or G20 or 7-20 10.00 1 238 370
14.00 R 22 10.00 1 290 370
14.00 R 24 10.00 1 340 370
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 37
▼B
TABLE2
Commercialvehicle tyres
DIAGONAL
DIAGONAL NORMAL SECTION SIZES MOUNTED ON 5º-TAPERED OR FLAT
BASE RIMS
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
7.00-16 5.50 774 198
7.00-20 5.50 898 198
7.50-16 and/or A16 or 1-16 6.00 806 210
7.50-17 and/or A17 or 1-17 6.00 852 210
7.50-20 and/or A20 or 1-20 6.00 928 213
8.25-16 and/or B16 or 2-16 6.50 860 234
8.25-17 and/or B17 or 2-17 6.50 895 234
8.25-20 and/or B20 or 2-20 6.50 970 234
9.00-16 6.50 900 252
9.00-20 and/or C20 or 3-20 7.00 1 012 256
9.00-24 and/or C24 or 3-24 7.00 1 114 256
10.00-20 and/or D20 or 4-20 7.50 1 050 275
10.00-22 and/or D22 or 4-22 7.50 1 102 275
11.00-20 and/or E20 or 5-20 8.00 1 080 291
11.00-22 and/or E22 or 5-22 8.00 1 130 291
11.00-24 and/or E24 or 5-24 8.00 1 180 291
12.00-18 8.50 1 070 312
12.00-20 and/or F20 or 6-20 8.50 1 120 312
12.00-22 and/or F22 or 6-22 8.50 1 172 312
12.00-24 and/or F24 or 6-24 8.50 1 220 31213.00-20 9.00 1 170 342
14.00-20 and/or G20 or 7-20 10.00 1 238 375
14.00-22 and/or G22 or 7-22 10.00 1 290 375
14.00-24 and/or G24 or 7-24 10.00 1 340 375
15.00-20 11.25 1 295 412
16.00-20 13.00 1 370 446
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 38
▼B
TABLE3
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
RADIAL NORMAL SECTION SIZES MOUNTED ON 15º-TAPERED RIMS (DROP-
CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
8 R 17.5 6.00 784 208
8.5 R 17.5 6.00 802 215
9 R 17.5 6.75 820 230
9.5 R 17.5 6.75 842 240
10 R 17.5 7.50 858 254
11 R 17.5 8.25 900 279
7 R 19.5 5.25 800 185
8 R 19.5 6.00 856 208
8 R 22.5 6.00 936 208
9 R 19.5 6.75 894 230
9 R 22.5 6.75 970 230
9.5 R 19.5 6.75 916 240
10 R 19.5 7.50 936 254
10 R 22.5 7.50 1 020 254
11 R 19.5 8.25 970 279
11 R 22.5 8.25 1 050 279
11 R 24.5 8.25 1 100 279
12 R 19.5 9.00 1 008 300
12 R 22.5 9.00 1 084 300
13 R 22.5 9.75 1 124 320
TABLE4
RADIAL
DIAGONAL NORMAL SECTION SIZES MOUNTED ON 15º-TAPERED RIMS
(DROP-CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
8-19.5 6.00 856 208
9-19.5 6.75 894 230
9-22.5 6.75 970 230
10-22.5 7.50 1 020 254
11-22.5 8.25 1 054 279
11-24.5 8.25 1 100 279
12-22.5 9.00 1 084 300
Tolerance: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 39
▼B
TABLE5
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
‘WIDE BASE’ SIZES MOUNTED ON 15º-TAPERED RIMS (DROP-CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
14 R 19.5 10.50 962 349
15 R 19.5 11.75 998 387
15 R 22.5 11.75 1 074 387
16.5 R 19.5 13.00 1 046 425
16.5 R 22.5 13.00 1 122 425
18 R 19.5 14.00 1 082 457
18 R 22.5 14.00 1 158 457
19.5 R 19.5 15.00 1 134 495
21 R 22.5 16.50 1 246 540
TABLE6
DIAGONAL
‘WIDE BASE’ SIZES MOUNTED ON 15º-TAPERED RIMS (DROP-CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
15-19.5 11.75 1 004 387
15-22.5 11.75 1 080 387
16.5-19.5 13.00 1 052 425
16.5-22.5 13.00 1 128 425
18-19.5 14.00 1 080 457
18-22.5 14.00 1 156 457
19.5-19.5 15.00 1 138 495
21-22.5 16.50 1 246 540
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 40
▼B
TABLE7
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
‘80’ SERIES MOUNTED ON 5º TAPERED OR FLAT-BASE RIMS
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
12/80 R 20 8.50 1 008 305
13/80 R 20 9.00 1 048 326
14/80 R 20 10.00 1 090 350
14/80 R 24 10.00 1 192 350
14.75/80 R 20 10.00 1 124 370
15.5/80 R 20 10.00 1 158 384
TABLE8
RADIAL
‘70’ SERIES MOUNTED ON 15º TAPERED RIMS (DROP-CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
9/70 R 22.5 6.75 892 229
10/70 R 22.5 7.50 928 254
11/70 R 22.5 8.25 962 27912/70 R 22.5 9.00 999 305
13/70 R 22.5 9.75 1 033 330
TABLE9
RADIAL
‘80’ SERIES MOUNTED ON 15º TAPERED RIMS (DROP-CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
12/80 R 22.5 9.00 1 046 305
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 41
▼B
TABLE10
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
TYRES FOR LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES MOUNTED ON RIM OF 16 ″
DIAMETER AND OVER
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
6.00 R 16 C 4.50 728 170
6.00 R 18 C 4.00 782 165
6.50 R 16 C 4.50 742 176
6.50 R 17 C 4.50 772 176
6.50 R 17 LC 4.50 726 166
6.50 R 20 C 5.00 860 181
7.00 R 16 C 5.50 778 198
7.50 R 16 C 6.00 802 210
7.50 R 17 C 6.00 852 210
TABLE11
DIAGONAL
TYRES FOR LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES MOUNTED ON RIM OF 16 ″
DIAMETER AND OVER
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
6.00-16 C 4.50 730 170
6.00-18 C 4.00 786 1656.00-20 C 5.00 842 172
6.50-16 C 4.50 748 176
6.50-17 LC 4.50 726 166
6.50-20 C 5.00 870 181
7.00-16 C 5.50 778 198
7.00-18 C 5.50 848 198
7.00-20 C 5.50 898 198
7.50-16 C 6.00 806 210
7.50-17 C 6.00 852 210
8.25-16 C 6.50 860 234
8.90-16 C 6.50 885 250
9.00-16 C 6.50 900 252
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 42
▼B
TABLE12
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
TYRES FOR LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES MOUNTED ON 5º TAPERED RIMS
Rim diameter 12 ″—1 5″
(DROP-CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
‘Super balloon’ series
5.60 R 12 C 4.00 570 150
6.40 R 13 C 5.00 648 172
6.70 R 13 C 5.00 660 180
6.70 R 14 C 5.00 688 180
6.70 R 15 C 5.00 712 180
7.00 R 15 C 5.50 744 195
‘Low section’ series
6.50 R 14 C 5.00 640 170
7.00 R 14 C 5.00 650 1807.50 R 14 C 5.50 686 195
TYRES FOR LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES MOUNTED ON 15º TAPERED
RIMS (DROP-CENTRE)
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
7 R 17.5 C 5.25 752 185
8 R 17.5 C 6.00 784 208
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 43
▼B
TABLE13
Commercialvehicle tyres
DIAGONAL
TYRES FOR LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES MOUNTED ON 5º TAPERED RIMS
(DROP CENTRE)
Rim diameter 12 ″—1 5″
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
‘Super balloon’ series
5.20-12 C 3.50 560 136
5.60-12 C 4.00 572 148
5.60-13 C 4.00 598 148
5.90-13 C 4.50 616 158
5.90-14 C 4.50 642 158
5.90-15 C 4.50 668 158
6.40-13 C 5.00 640 172
6.40-14 C 5.00 666 172
6.40-15 C 5.00 692 172
6.40-16 C 4.50 748 1726.70-13 C 5.00 662 180
6.70-14 C 5.00 688 180
6.70-15 C 5.00 714 180
‘Low section’ series
5.50-12 C 4.00 552 142
6.00-12 C 4.50 574 158
6.00-14 C 4.50 626 158
6.50-14 C 5.00 650 172
6.50-15 C 5.00 676 172
7.00-14 C 5.00 668 182
7.50-14 C 5.50 692 192
‘Balloon’ series
7.00-15 C 5.50 752 198
7.50-15 C 6.00 780 210
‘Millimetric’ series
125-12 C 3.50 514 127
165-15 C 4.50 652 167
185-14 C 5.50 654 188
195-14 C 5.50 670 198
245-16 C 7.00 798 248
17-15 C or 5.00 678 178
17-380 C 5.00 678 17817-400 C 19 × 400 mm 702 186
19-400 C 19 × 400 mm 736 200
21-400 C 19 × 400 mm 772 216
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 44
▼B
TABLE14
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
TYRES FOR LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES MOUNTED ON 5º TAPERED RIMS
(DROP-CENTRE) RIMS
‘Millimetric’ series
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
125 R 12 C 3.50 510 127
125 R 13 C 3.50 536 127
125 R 14 C 3.00 562 127
125 R 15 C 3.50 588 127
135 R 12 C 4.00 522 137
135 R 13 C 4.00 548 137
135 R 14 C 4.00 574 137
135 R 15 C 4.00 600 137
145 R 10 C 4.00 492 147
145 R 12 C 4.00 542 147
145 R 13 C 4.00 566 147
145 R 14 C 4.00 590 147
145 R 15 C 4.00 616 147
155 R 12 C 4.50 550 157
155 R 13 C 4.50 578 157
155 R 14 C 4.50 604 157
155 R 15 C 4.50 630 157155 R 16 C 4.50 656 157
165 R 13 C 4.50 596 167
165 R 14 C 4.50 622 167
165 R 15 C 4.50 646 167
165 R 16 C 4.50 672 167
175 R 13 C 5.00 608 178
175 R 14 C 5.00 634 178
175 R 15 C 5.00 660 178
175 R 16 C 5.00 684 178
185 R 13 C 5.50 624 188
185 R 14 C 5.50 650 188
185 R 15 C 5.50 674 188
185 R 16 C 5.50 700 188
195 R 14 C 5.50 666 198
195 R 15 C 5.50 690 198
195 R 16 C 5.50 716 198
205 R 14 C 6.00 686 208
205 R 15 C 6.00 710 208
205 R 16 C 6.00 736 208
215 R 14 C 6.00 700 218
215 R 15 C 6.00 724 218215 R 16 C 6.00 750 218
225 R 14 C 6.50 714 228
225 R 15 C 6.50 738 228
225 R 16 C 6.50 764 2281992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 45
▼B
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
235 R 14 C 6.50 728 238
235 R 15 C 6.50 752 238
235 R 16 C 6.50 778 238
17 R 15 C or 5.00 678 178
17 R 380 C 5.00 678 17817 R 400 C 19 × 400 mm 698 186
19 R 400 C 19 × 400 mm 728 200
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 46
▼B
TABLE15
Commercialvehicle tyres
DIAGONAL
WIDE-BASE TYRES FOR MULTIPURPOSE TRUCKS ON HIGHWAY, OFF-THE-
ROAD AND AGRICULTURAL SERVICES
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
10.5-18 MPT 9 905 270
10.5-20 MPT 9 955 270
12.5-18 MPT 11 990 325
12.5-20 MPT 11 1 040 325
14.5-20 MPT 11 1 095 355
14.5-24 MPT 11 1 195 355
7.50-18 MPT 5.50 885 208
TABLE16
RADIAL
WIDE-BASE TYRES FOR MULTIPURPOSE TRUCKS ON HIGHWAY, OFF-THE-
ROAD AND AGRICULTURAL SERVICES
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
10.5 R 20 MPT 9 955 276
12.5 R 20 MPT 11 1 040 330
14.5 R 20 MPT 11 1 095 362
14.5 R 24 MPT 11 1 195 362
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 47
▼B
TABLE17
Commercialvehicle tyres
RADIAL
‘FREE-ROLLING’ TYRES IN HIGHWAY SERVICE
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
5.00 R 8 3.00 467 132
6.00 R 9 4.00 540 160
7.00 R 12 5.00 672 192
7.50 R 15 6.00 772 212
8.25 R 15 6.50 836 234
10.00 R 15 7.50 918 275
TABLE18
DIAGONAL
‘FREE-ROLLING’ TYRES IN HIGHWAY SERVICE
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
6.00-9 4.00 540 160
7.00-12 5.00 672 192
7.00-15 5.00 746 1927.50-15 6.00 772 212
8.25-15 6.50 836 234
10.00-15 7.50 918 275
200-15 6.50 730 205
TABLE19
DIAGONAL
‘75’ SERIES MOUNTED ON 15º TAPERED RIMS
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
7.25/75-16.5 or 7.25-16.5 5.25 695 182
8.00/75-16.5 or 8.00-16.5 6.00 724 203
8.75/75-16.5 or 8.75-16.5 6.75 752 224
9.50/75-16.5 or 9.50-16.5 7.50 781 245
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 48
▼B
TABLE20
Commercialvehicle tyres
DIAGONAL
DIAGONAL AND RADIAL TYRES MOUNTED ON FLAT BASE OR DIVIDED RIMS
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
3.00-4 2.10 255 81
4.00-4 2.50 312 107
4.00-8 2.50 414 107
5.00-8 3.00 467 132
6.50-10 5.00 588 177
7.00-9 5.00 562 174
7.50-10 5.50 645 207
8.25-10 6.50 698 240
10.50-13 6.00 889 275
10.50-16 6.00 965 275
11.00-16 6.00 952 272
14.00-16 10.00 1 139 375
15 × 4.5-8 3.25 385 122
16 × 6-8 4.33 425 152
18 × 7-8 (1) 4.33 462 173
21 × 4 2.32 565 113
21 × 8-9 6.00 535 200
23 × 9-10 6.50 595 225
22 × 4.5 3.11 595 132
23 × 5 3.75 635 155
25 × 6 3.75 680 170
27 × 6 4.33 758 188
27 × 10-12 8.00 690 255
28 × 6 3.75 760 170
28 × 9-15 7.00 707 216
(8.15-15) 7.00 707 216
29 × 7 5.00 809 211
29 × 8 6.00 809 243
9.00-15 6.00 840 249
2.50-15 7.50 735 250
3.00-15 8.00 840 300
(1) Also marked 18 × 7.
RADIAL
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
6.50 R 10 5.00 588 177
7.00 R 15 5.50 746 197
7.50 R 10 5.50 645 20715 × 4.5 R 8 3.25 385 122
16 × 6 R 8 4.33 425 152
18 × 7 R 8 4.33 462 173
560 × 165 R 11 5.00 560 1751992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 49
▼B
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(in inches)Outer diameter
(in mm)Section width
(in mm)
680 × 180 R 15 5.00 680 189
Tolerances: see sections 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of Annex II.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 50
▼B
TABLE21
Tyresfortrucks,buses,trailers andmultipurposepassengervehicles innormalhighwayservice
DIAGONAL AND RADIAL
TYRES MOUNTED ON 5º DROP-CENTRE OR SEMI-DROP-CENTRE RIMS
Tyre size designation
Measuring-
rim width
(in inches)Section width
(in mm) (1)Outer diameter
Diagonal RadialHighway
tread
(in mm) (2)Mud and
snow
(in mm)(2)
6.00-16 LT 6.00 R 16 LT 4.50 173 732 743
6.50-16 LT 6.50 R 16 LT 4.50 182 755 767
6.70-15 LT 6.70 R 15 LT 5.00 191 722 733
7.00-13 LT 7.00 R 13 LT 5.00 187 647 658
7.00-14 LT 7.00 R 14 LT 5.00 187 670 681
7.00-15 LT 7.00 R 15 LT 5.50 202 752 763
7.00-16 LT 7.00 R 16 LT 5.50 202 778 788
7.10-15 LT 7.10 R 15 LT 5.00 199 738 749
7.50-15 LT 7.50 R 15 LT 6.00 220 782 7947.50-16 LT 7.50 R 16 LT 6.00 220 808 819
8.25-16 LT 8.25 R 16 LT 6.50 241 859 869
9.00-16 LT 9.00 R 16 LT 6.50 257 890 903
D78-14 LT DR 78-14 LT 5.00 192 661 672
E78-14 LT ER 78-14 LT 5.50 199 667 678
C78-15 LT CR 78-15 LT 5.00 187 672 683
G78-15 LT GR 78-15 LT 6.00 212 711 722
H78-15 LT HR 78-15 LT 6.00 222 727 739
L78-15 LT LR 78-15 LT 6.50 236 749 760
F78-16 LT FR 78-16 LT 5.50 202 721 732
H78-16 LT HR 78-16 LT 6.00 222 753 764
L78-16 LT LR 78-16 LT 6.50 236 775 786
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 8 %.
(2) Tolerance + 8 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 51
▼B
TABLE22
Tyresfortrucks,buses,trailers andmultipurposepassengervehicles innormalhighwayservice
DIAGONAL AND RADIAL
TYRES MOUNTED ON 15º DROP-CENTRE RIMS
TABLE22.1
Tyre size designation
Measuring-
rim width
(inches)Section width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Diagonal RadialHighway
tread
(mm)(2)Mud and
snow
(mm) (2)
7-14.5 LT — 6.00 185 677 —
8-14.5 LT — 6.00 203 707 —
9-14.5 LT — 7.00 241 711 —
7-17.5 LT 7 R 17.5 LT 5.25 189 758 769
8-17.5 LT 8 R 17.5 LT 5.25 199 788 799
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 8 %.
(2) Tolerance + 8 % of the difference between the above outer diameters and the nominal rim diameters.
TABLE22.2
Tyre size designation
Measuring-
rim width
(inches)Section
width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Diagonal RadialHighway
tread
(mm) (2)Mud and
snow
(mm) (2)
8.00-16.5 LT 8.00 R 16.5 LT 6.00 203 720 730
8.75-16.5 LT 8.75 R 16.5 LT 6.75 222 748 759
9.50-16.5 LT 9.50 R 16.5 LT 6.75 241 776 787
10-16.5 LT 10 R 16.5 LT 8.25 264 762 773
10-17.5 LT 10 R 17.5 LT 8.25 264 787 798
12-16.5 LT 12 R 16.5 LT 9.75 307 818 831
30 × 9.50-16.5 LT 30 × 9.50 R 16.5 LT 7.50 240 750 761
31 × 10.50-16.5 LT 31 × 10.50 R 16.5 LT 8.25 266 775 787
33 × 10.50-16.5 LT 33 × 12.50 R 16.5 LT 9.75 315 826 83837 × 10.50-16.5 LT 37 × 14.50 R 16.5 LT 11.25 365 928 939
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 7 %.
(2) Tolerance + 8 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 52
▼B
TABLE23
Tyresfortrucks,buses,trailersinnormalhighwayservice
DIAGONAL AND RADIAL
TYRES MOUNTED ON 15º DROP-CENTRE RIMS
Tyre size designation
Measuring-
rim width
(inches)Section
width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Diagonal RadialHighway
tread
(mm) (2)Heavy
tread
(mm) (2)Mud and
snow
(mm) (2)
Normal-section tyres
7-22.5 7 R 22.5 5.25 178 878 — 894
8-19.5 8 R 19.5 6.00 203 859 — 876
8-22.5 8 R 22.5 6.00 203 935 — 952
9-22.5 9 R 22.5 6.75 229 974 982 992
10-22.5 10 R 22.5 7.50 254 1019 1 031 1 038
11-22.5 11 R 22.5 8.25 279 1054 1 067 1 037
11-24.5 11 R 24.5 8.25 279 1104 1 118 1 123
12-22.5 12 R 22.5 9.00 300 1085 1 099 1 104
12-24.5 12 R 24.5 9.00 300 1135 1 150 1 155
12.5-22.5 12.5 R 22.5 9.00 302 1085 1 099 1 104
12.5-22.5 12.5 R 24.5 9.00 302 1135 1 150 1 155
Wide-base tyres
14-17.5 14 R 17.5 10.50 349 907 — 921
15-19.5 15 R 19.5 11.75 389 1005 — 1 019
15-22.5 15 R 22.5 11.75 389 1082 — 1 095
16.5-19.5 16.5 R 19.5 13.00 425 1052 — 1 068
16.5-22.5 16.5 R 22.5 13.00 425 1128 — 1 144
18-19.5 18 R 19.5 14.00 457 1080 — 1 09618-22.5 18 R 22.5 14.00 457 1158 — 1 172
19.5-19.5 19.5 R 19.5 15.00 495 1138 — 1 156
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 6 %.
(2) Tolerance + 5 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 53
▼B
TABLE24
Tyresfortrucks,buses,trailersinnormalhighwayservice
DIAGONAL AND RADIAL
TYRES MOUNTED ON 5º DROP-CENTRE RIMS
Tyre size designationMeasuri-
ng-rim
width
(inches)Section
width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Diagonal RadialHighway
tread
(mm) (2)Heavy
tread
(mm) (2)Mud and
snow
(mm) (2)
— 8R14LT 7.00 216 667 — —
9-15LT — 8.00 254 744 755 —
10-15LT 10R15LT 8.00 264 773 783 —
10-16LT — 8.00 264 798 809 —
11-14LT — 8.00 279 752 763 —
11-15LT 11R15LT 8.00 279 777 788 —
11-16LT — 8.00 279 803 813 —
12-15LT — 10.00 318 823 834 —
— 9R15LT 8.00 254 744 755 752
24 × 7.50-13LT 24 × 7.50R13LT 6.00 191 597 609 604
27 × 8.50-14LT 27 × 8.50-14LT 7.00 218 674 685 680
28 × 8.50-15LT 28 × 8.50-15LT 7.00 218 699 711 705
29 × 9.50-15LT 29 × 9.50-15LT 7.50 240 724 736 731
30 × 9.50-15LT 30 × 9.50-15LT 7.50 240 750 761 756
31 × 10.50-15LT 31 × 10.50-15LT 8.50 268 775 787 781
31 × 11.50-15LT 31 × 11.50-15LT 9.00 290 775 787 781
32 × 11.50-15LT 32 × 11.50-15LT 9.00 290 801 812 807
33 × 12.50-15LT 33 × 12.50-15LT 10.00 318 826 838 832
35 × 12.50-15LT 35 × 12.50-15LT 10.00 318 877 888 883
37 × 12.50-15LT 37 × 12.50-15LT 10.00 318 928 939 934
31 × 13.50-15LT 31 × 13.50-15LT 11.00 345 775 787 781
37 × 14.50-15LT 37 × 14.50-15LT 12.00 372 928 939 934
31 × 15.50-15LT 31 × 15.50-15LT 12.00 390 775 787 781
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 6 %.
(2) Tolerance + 6 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 54
▼B
TABLE25
Tyresfortrucks,busesandtrailersinnormalhighwayservice
DIAGONAL AND RADIAL
TYRES MOUNTED ON MULTI-PIECE BYMS
Tyre size designation
Measuring-
rim width
(inches)Section
width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Diagonal RadhalHighway
tread
(mm) (2)Heavy
tread
(mm) (2)Mud and
snow
(mm) (2)
6.50-20 6.50R20 5.00 184 878 — 1 049
7.00-15TR 7.00R15TR 5.50 199 777 — 962
7.00-17 7.00R17 5.50 199 828 — 843
7.00-18 7.00R18 5.50 199 853 — 868
7.00-20 7.00R20 5.50 199 904 — 919
7.50-15TR 7.50R15TR 6.00 215 808 — 825
7.50-17 7.50R17 6.00 215 859 — 876
7.50-18 7.50R18 6.00 215 884 — 981
7.50-20 7.50R20 6.00 215 935 — 9528.25-15TR 8.25R15TR 6.50 236 847 855 865
8.25-17 8.25R17 6.50 236 898 906 915
8.25-20 8.25R20 6.50 236 974 982 992
9.00-15TR 9.00R15TR 7.00 259 891 904 911
9.00-20 9.00R20 7.00 259 1019 1 031 1 038
10.00-15TR 10.00R15TR 7.50 278 927 940 946
10.00-20 10.00R20 7.50 278 1054 1 067 1 073
10.00-22 10.50R22 7.50 278 1104 1 118 1 123
11.00-15TR 11.00R15TR 8.00 293 958 972 977
11.00-20 11.00R20 8.00 293 1085 1 099 1 104
11.00-22 11.00R22 8.00 293 1135 1 150 1 155
11.00-24 11.00R24 8.00 293 1186 1 201 1 206
11.50-20 11.50R20 8.00 296 1085 1 099 1 104
11.50-22 11.50R22 8.00 296 1135 1 150 1 155
12.50-20 12.00R20 8.50 315 1125 — 1 146
12.50-24 12.00R24 8.50 315 1226 — 1 247
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 6 %.
(2) Tolerance + 6 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 55
▼B
TABLE26
Tyresfortrucksandtrailers inhighwayservice atrestricted speeds
DIAGONAL AND RADIAL
TYRES MOUNTED ON MULTI-PIECE RIMS
Tyre size designation
Measuring-
rim width
(inches)Section width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Diagonal RadialHighway
tread
(mm)(2)Mud and
snow
(mm) (2)
13.00-20 13.00R20 9.00 340 1 177 1200
14.00-20 14.00R20 10.00 375 1 241 1266
14.00-24 14.00R24 10.00 375 1 343 1368
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 6 %.
(2) Tolerance + 6 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.
TABLE27
Tyresformobilehomesinhighwayservice
DIAGONAL
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim width
(inches)Section width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
(mm) (2)
Tyres mounted on 15º drop-centre rims
7-14.5 MH 6.00 185 677
8-14.5 MH 6.00 203 707
9-14.5 MH 7.00 241 711
Tyres mounted on 5º drop-centre and semi-drop-centre rims
7.00-15 MH 5.50 202 752
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 8 %.
(2) Tolerance + 8 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 56
▼B
TABLE28
Miningandloggingtyresinintermittenthighwayservice
DIAGONAL
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim
width
(inches)Section width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Traction tread
(mm) (2)Extra tread
(mm) (2)
Tyres mounted on 15º drop-centre rims
7.00-20 ML 5.50 199 919 —
7.50-20 ML 6.00 215 952 —
8.25-20 ML 6.50 236 992 —
9.00-20 ML 7.00 259 1 038 1 063
10.00-20 ML 7.50 278 1 073 1 099
10.00-22 ML 7.50 278 1 123 1150
10.00-20 ML 7.50 278 1 174 1 200
11.00-20 ML 8.00 293 1 104 1 131
11.00-22 ML 8.00 293 1 155 1 182
11.00-24 ML 8.00 293 1 206 1 233
12.00-20 ML 8.50 315 1 146 1 173
12.00-24 ML 8.50 315 1 247 1 275
13.00-20 ML 9.00 340 1 200 —
13.00-24 ML 9.00 340 1 302 —
14.00-20 ML 10.00 375 1 266 —
14.00-24 ML 10.00 375 1 368 —
Tyres mounted on full-tapered bead seat rims
11.00-25 ML 8.50 298 1 206 1 233
12.00-21 ML 8.50 315 1 146 1 175
12.00-25 ML 8.50 315 1 247 1 275
13.00-25 ML 10.00 351 1 302 —
14.00-21 ML 10.00 375 1 266 —
14.00-25 ML 10.00 375 1 368 —
Tyres mounted on 15º drop-centre rims
9-22.5 ML 6.75 229 992 —
10-22.5 ML 7.50 254 1 038 —
11-22.5 ML 8.25 279 1 073 —
11-24.5 ML 8.25 279 1 123 —
12-22.5 ML 9.00 300 1 104 —
Tyres mounted on 15º drop-centre rims
14-17.5 ML 10.50 349 921 —
15-19.5 ML 11.75 389 1 019 —
15-22.5 ML 11.75 389 1 095 —16.5-19.5 ML 13.00 425 1 068 —
16.5-22.5 ML 13.00 425 1 144 —
18-19.5 ML 14.00 457 1 096 —
18-22.5 ML 14.00 457 1 172 —1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 57
▼B
Tyre size designationMeasuring-rim
width
(inches)Section width
(mm) (1)Outer diameter
Traction tread
(mm) (2)Extra tread
(mm) (2)
19.5-19.5 ML 15.00 495 1 156 —
23-23.5 ML 17.00 584 1 320 —
(1) Overall tyre widths may exceed the above section widths by 8 %.
(2) Tolerance + 6 % of the difference between the above outer diameter and the nominal rim diameters.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 58
▼B
Appendix 6
METHODOFMEASURINGTYREDIMENSIONS
(see Annex II section 6.1.3)
PART A: PASSENGER CAR TYRES
1.1. The tyre is mounted on the measuring rim specified by the manufac-
turer pursuant to section 6.11 of Annex I, Appendix 1.
1.2. The pressure in the tyre is then adjusted as follows:1.2.1. in standard bias — belted tyres to 1,7 bar;
1.2.2. in diagonal (bias-ply) tyres to the pressure shown below (bar):
Ply-ratingSpeed category
L, M, N P, Q, R, S T, U, H, V
4 1,7 2,0 —
6 2,1 2,4 2,6
8 2,5 2,8 3,0
1.2.3. in standard radial tyres to 1,8 bar,
1.2.4. in reinforced tyres to 2,3 bar, and
1.2.5. in T-type temporary-use spare tyres: to 4,2 bar.2. The tyre, mounted on its rim, is conditioned at the ambient room
temperature for not less than 24 hours, with the exception referred
to in section 6.2.3 of Annex II.
3. The pressure is readjusted to that specified in section 1.2.
4. The overall width is measured by caliper at six equally-spaced points,
account being taken of the thickness of the protective ribs or bands.
The highest measurement so obtained is taken as the overall width.
5. The outer diameter is determined by measuring the maximum
circumference and dividing the figure so obtained by π (3,1416).
PART B: COMMERCIAL VEHICLE TYRES
1. The tyre is mounted on the measuring rim specified by the manufac-
turer pursuant to section 6.11 of Appendix 1 to Annex I and is
inflated to a pressure specified by the manufacturer pursuant to
section 6.12 of Annex I, Appendix 1.
2. The tyre fitted on its rim is conditioned to the ambient temperature of
the laboratory for at least 24 hours.
3. The pressure is readjusted to the value specified in section 1.4. The overall width is measured by caliper at six equally-spaced points,
account being taken of the thickness of the protective ribs or bands.
The highest measurement so obtained is taken as the overall width.
5. The outer diameter is determined by measuring the maximum
circumference and dividing the figure so obtained by π (3,1416).1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 59
▼B
Appendix 7
LOAD/SPEEDTEST-PROCEDURE (1)
(see Annex II, section 6.2)
PART A: PASSENGER CAR TYRES
1.Preparingthetyre
1.1. A new tyre is mounted on the test rim specified by the manufacturer
pursuant to section 6.11 of Annex I, Appendix 1.
1.2. It is inflated to the appropriate pressure as given in the table below:
Testpressure(bar)
Speed categoryDiagonal (bias-ply) tyres Radial tyresBias-belted
tyres
Ply-rating
Standard Reinforced Standard
468
L, M, N 2,3 2,7 3,0 2,4 — —
P, Q, R, S 2,6 3,0 3,3 2,6 3,0 2,6
T, U, H 2,8 3,2 3,5 2,8 3,2 2,8
V 3,0 3,4 3,7 3,0 — —
T-type temporary use spare tyres: to 4,2 bars.
1.3. The manufacturer may request, giving reasons, the use of an inflation
pressure differing from those under section 1.2. In such a case the
tyre is inflated to that pressure (see section 6.14 of Appendix 1 to
Annex I).
1.4. The tyre-and-wheel assembly is conditioned at test-room temperature
for not less than three hours.
1.5. The tyre pressure is readjusted to that specified in section 1.2 or 1.3.
2.Carryingoutthetest
2.1. The tyre-and-wheel assembly is mounted on a test axle and pressed
against the outer face of a smooth wheel 1,70 m ± 1 % or 2 m ± 1 %
in diameter.
2.2. Apply to the test axle a load equal to 80 % of:
2.2.1. the maximum load rating equated to the load capacity index for tyres
withspeed symbols L to H inclusive:
2.2.2. the maximum load rating associated with a maximum speed of
240 km/hfor tyres withspeed symbol ‘V’ (see section 2.31.2 of
Annex II).
2.3. Throughout the test the tyre pressure must not be corrected and the
test load must be kept constant.
2.4. During the test the temperature in the test-room must be maintained
at between 20 ºC and 30 ºC or at a higher temperature if the manu-
facturer agrees.
2.5. The test is carred out without interruption in conformity with the
following particulars:
2.5.1. time taken to pass from zero speed to initial test speed: 10 minutes;2.5.2. initial test speed: prescribed maximum speed for the type of tyre, less
40 km/h in the case of the smooth wheel having 1,70 m ± 1 % in1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 60
(1) In the case of passenger car tyres intended for vehicles designed for a maximum speed
greater than 240 km/h (Z rated tyres), until uniform test procedures have been agreedthe manufacturer of the tyre must satisfy the technical service that his test procedure
and results are acceptable.
▼B
diameter or less 30 km/h in the case of the smooth wheel having
2 m ± 1 % in diameter;
2.5.3. successive speed increments: 10 km/h;
2.5.4. duration of test at eachspeed step except th e last: 10 minutes;
2.5.5. duration of test at last speed step: 20 minutes;2.5.6. maximum test speed: prescribed maximum speed for the type of tyre,
less 10 km/h in the case of the smooth wheel having 1,7 m ± 1 % in
diameter or equal to prescribed maximum speed in the case of the
smooth wheel having 2 m ± 1 % in diameter.
3.Equivalenttestmethods
If a method other than that described in section 2 is used, its equiva-
lence must be demonstrated.
PART B: COMMERCIAL VEHICLE TYRES(
1)
1.Preparingthetyre
1.1. Mount a new tyre on the test rim specified by the manufacturer
pursuant to section 6.11 of Appendix 1 to Annex I.
1.2. Use a new inner tube or combination of inner tube, valve and flap (as
required) when testing tyres with inner tubes.
1.3. Inflate the tyre to the pressure corresponding to the pressure index
specified by the tyre manufacturer, pursuant to section 6.14 of
Appendix 1 to Annex I.
1.4. Condition the tyre and wheel assembly at test room temperature for
not less than three hours.
1.5. Readjust the tyre pressure to that specified in section 1.3.
2.Testprocedure
2.1. Mount the tyre and wheel assembly on the test axle and press it
against the outer face of a smooth power-driven test drum
1,70 m ± 1 % in diameter having a surface at least as wide as the
tyre tread.
2.2. Apply to test axle a series of test loads expressed as a percentage of
the load indicated in Appendix 2, opposite the load index moulded
on the sidewall of the tyre, in accordance with the load/speed test
programme shown in the Table below. When the tyre has load capa-
city indices for bothsingle and twin utilization, th e reference load for
single utilization is taken as the basis for the test loads.
2.3. The tyre pressure must not be corrected throughout the test and the
test load must be kept constant throughout each of the three test
stages.
2.4. During the test the temperature in the test room must be maintained
at between 20 ºC and 30 ºC or at a higher temperature if the manu-
facturer so agrees.
2.5. The load/speed test programme must be carried out without interrup-
tion.
3.Equivalenttestmethods
If a method other than that described in section 2 is used, its equiva-
lence must be demonstrated.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 61
(1) In the case of commercial vehicle tyres intended for vehicles designed for a maximum
speed greater than 150 km/h, until uniform test procedures have been agreed the manu-facturer of the tyre must satisfy the technical service that his test procedure and results
are acceptable.
▼B
LOAD/SPEEDTESTPROGRAMME
Load indexTyre speed
category
symbolTest-drum speed (rev/
min) (1)Load placed on the wheel as a
percentage of the load corresponding
to the load index
Radial-ply
tyreDiagonal
(bias-ply)
tyre7h. 1 6h. 2 4h.
122 or more F 100 100
66 % 84 % 101 %G 125 100
J 150 125
K 175 150
L 200 —
M 225 —
121 or less F 100 100
G 125 125
J 150 150
K 175 175
L 200 175 70 % 88 % 106 %
4h. 6h.
M 250 200 75 % 97 % 114 %
N 275 — 75 % 97 % 114 %
P 300 — 75 % 97 % 114 %
(1) ‘Special-use’ tyres (see section 2.1.3. of Annex II) should be tested at a speed equal to 85 % of the
test-drum speed prescribed above for equivalent normal tyres.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 62
Appendix 8
VARIATIONOFLOADCAPACITYWITHSPEED
Commercial-vehicle tyres
RADIAL AND DIAGONAL
(see Annex II, sections 2.30, 2.31 and 6.2.4)
Speed
(km/h)Variation of load capacity (%)
All load indicesLoad indices (1)
≥122Load indices(1)
≤121
Speed category symbol Speed category symbol Speed category symbol
FGJKLMLMN P (2)
0 + 150 + 150 + 150 + 150 + 150 + 150 + 110 + 110 + 110 + 110
5 + 110 + 110 + 110 + 110 + 110 + 110 + 90 + 90 + 90 + 90
10 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 75 + 75 + 75 + 7515 + 65 + 65 + 65 + 65 + 65 + 65 + 60 + 60 + 60 + 6020 + 50 + 50 + 50 + 50 + 50 + 50 + 50 + 50 + 50 + 5025 + 35 + 35 + 35 + 35 + 35 + 35 + 42 + 42 + 42 + 4230 + 25 + 25 + 25 + 25 + 25 + 25 + 35 + 35 + 35 + 3535 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 29 + 29 + 29 + 2940 + 15 + 15 + 15 + 15 + 15 + 15 + 25 + 25 + 25 + 2545 + 13 + 13 + 13 + 13 + 13 + 13 + 22 + 22 + 22 + 2250 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20
55 + 11 + 11 + 11 + 11 + 11 + 11 + 17,5 + 17,5 + 17,5 + 17,5
60 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 15,0 + 15,0 + 15,0 + 15,065 + 7,5 + 8,5 + 8,5 + 8,5 + 8,5 + 8,5 + 13,5 + 13,5 + 13,5 + 13,570 + 5,0 + 7,0 + 7,0 + 7,0 + 7,0 + 7,0 + 12,5 + 12,5 + 12,5 + 12,575 + 2,5 + 5,5 + 5,5 + 5,5 + 5,5 + 5,5 + 11,0 + 11,0 + 11,0 + 11,080 0 + 4,0 + 4,0 + 4,0 + 4,0 + 4,0 + 10,0 + 10,0 + 10,0 + 10,085 − 3 + 2,0 + 3,0 + 3,0 + 3,0 + 3,0 + 8,5 + 8,5 + 8,5 + 8,5▼B1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 63
Speed
(km/h)Variation of load capacity (%)
All load indicesLoad indices (1)
≥122Load indices(1)
≤121
Speed category symbol Speed category symbol Speed category symbol
FGJKLMLMN P (2)
90 − 6 0 + 2,0 + 2,0 + 2,0 + 2,0 + 7,5 + 7,5 + 7,5 + 7,5
95 − 10 − 2,5 + 1,0 + 1,0 + 1,0 + 1,0 + 6,5 + 6,5 + 6,5 + 6,5
100 − 15 − 5 0 0 0 0 + 5,0 + 5,0 + 5,0 + 5,0
105 − 8 − 2 0 0 0 + 3,75 + 3,75 + 3,75 + 3,75
110 − 13 − 4 0 0 0 + 2,5 + 2,5 + 2,5 + 2,5
115 − 7 − 3 0 0 + 1,25 + 1,25 + 1,25 + 1,25
1 2 0 − 1 2 − 700 0000
125 0 − 2,5 0 0 0
130 0 − 5000
135 − 7,5 − 2,5 0 0
140 −1 0 −5 0 0
145 − 7,5 − 2,5 0
150 −1 0 −5 0
155 − 7,5 − 2,5
160 −1 0 −5
(1) The load capacity indices refer to single operations (see section 2.28.2 of Annex II).
(2) Load variations are not allowed above 160 km/h. For speed category symbols Q and above, the speed category corresponding to the speed category symbol (see
section 2.29.3 of Annex II) specifies the maximum speed permitted for the tyre.▼B1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 64
▼B
ANNEX III
ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FOR THE ►M1 EC TYPE-APPRO-
VAL◄OF VEHICLESWITH REGARDTO THE FITTING OF THEIR
TYRES
1. APPLICATION FOR THE ►M1EC TYPE-APPROVAL ◄OF A
VEHICLE TYPE
1.1. The application for ►M1EC type-approval ◄of a vehicle type
with regard to its tyres is submitted by the vehicle manufacturer or
by his authorized representative.
1.2. It is accompanied, in triplicate, by a description of the vehicle type
and of its tyres in terms of their tyre-size designation, speed category
and load-capacity index, including any temporary-use spare unit(s),
with which it may be fitted as described in the information document
in Appendix 1.
1.3. A vehicle representative of the vehicle type to be approved must be
submitted to the technical service responsible for conducting the
►M1EC type-approval ◄tests.
1.4. The vehicle manufacturer or his representative may apply for the
►M1EC type-approval ◄to be extended to include tyres of addi-
tional tyre-size designations, speed categories or load-capacity
indices or additonal temporary-use spare unit(s).
2. ►M1EC TYPE-APPROVAL ◄OF A VEHICLE
2.1. ►M1EC type-approval ◄is granted and an ►M1EC type-
approval ◄number issued in respect of any vehicle type submitted
in accordance with section 1 which satisfied the requirements of this
Directive.
2.2. Notice of ►M1EC type-approval ◄or of extension or of refusal
of►M1EC type-approval ◄of a vehicle type pursuant to this
Directive is communicated to the Member States by means of aform conforming to the model in Appendix 2.
2.3. An ►
M1EC type-approval ◄number is assigned to eachveh icle
type approved. The same Member State must not assign the same
number to another vehicle type.
3. MODIFICATION OF VEHICLE TYPE
3.1. Every modification of a vehicle type must be notified to the approval
authority which approved it. That approval authority may then either:
3.1.1. consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an appreci-
able adverse effect and that in any case the vehicle still meets the
requirements; or
3.1.2. refuse to approve the modification.
3.2. Confirmation or refusal of ►M1EC type-approval ◄, specifying
the alterations, is communicated to the other Member States by the
procedure specified in sections 2.2.
4. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
4.1. Every production vehicle to which this Directive applies must be so
manufactured that it conforms to all of the relevant requirements ofthis Directive.
4.2. In order to verify that the requirements of section 4.1 are met,
suitable controls of the production must be carried out.
4.3. The holder of the ►
M1EC type-approval ◄must in particular
ensure the existence of procedures for effectively checking on
compatibility between the characteristics of the vehicle and the char-
acteristics of the tyres fitted as laid down within the framework of
this Directive.
4.4. The approval authority which has granted ►M1EC type-
approval ◄may at any time verify the conformity control methods
applicable to eachproduction unit.
4.4.1. In every inspection, the test books and productions survey records
must be presented to the visiting inspector.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 65
▼B
4.5. The normal frequency of inspections authorized by the approval
authority in one per year. In the case where negative results are
recorded during one of these visits, the approval authority must
ensure that all necessary steps are taken to re-establish the confor-
mity of production as rapidly as possible.
5. PRODUCTION DEFINITIVELY DISCONTINUED
If the holder of an ►M1EC type-approval ◄completely ceases to
manufacture a type of vehicle approved in accordance with this
Directive, he must so inform the authority which granted the
►M1EC type-approval ◄. Upon receiving the relevant communi-
cation that authority must inform thereof the other approval
authorities by means of a copy of the ►M1EC type-approval ◄
form bearing at the end, in large letters, the signed and dated annota-
tion ‘PRODUCTION DISCONTINUED’.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 66
▼B
Appendix 1
INFORMATIONDOCUMENTNo...
INACCORDANCEWITHANNEXITOCOUNCILDIRECTIVE70/156/EECRELATINGTO
►M1 ECTYPE-APPROVAL ◄OFAVEHICLETYPEWITHREGARDTOTHEFITTING
OFITSTYRES
(DIRECTIVE 92/23/EEC)
1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 67
▼B
Appendix 2
MODEL
[(maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm)]
►M1 ECTYPE-APPROVAL ◄CERTIFICATE
(vehicle)
►(1)M11992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 68
▼B
►(1) (2)M11992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 69
▼B
ANNEX IV
REQUIREMENTSFOR VEHICLESWITH REGARDTO THE FITTING
OFTHEIRTYRES
1. DEFINITIONS
2. For the purpose of this Directive:
2.1. ‘►M1EC type-approval ◄of a vehicle’ means the ►M1EC
type-approval ◄of a vehicle type with regard to its tyres, including
temporary-use spare tyres;
2.2. ‘vehicle type’ means a range of vehicles which do not differ signifi-
cantly, at least as regards each variant of the vehicle type, in such
essential aspects as would affect the tyre size designation, the speed
category symbol or the load capacity index:
2.3. ‘wheel’means a complete wheel consisting of a rim and a wheel
disc;
2.4. ‘temporary-use spare wheel’ means a wheel different from one of the
normal wheels on the vehicle type;
2.5. ‘unit’means an assembly of a wheel and tyre;
2.6. ‘normal unit’ means a unit which is capable of being fitted to the
vehicle for normal operation;
2.7. ‘spare unit’ means a unit which is intended to be exchanged for a
normal unit in case of malfunction of the latter. A ‘spare unit’ may
be either of the following:
2.7.0. ‘normal spare unit’ , which is a unit that conforms to the normal unit
of the vehicle type;
2.7.1. ‘temporary-use spare unit’ , which is a unit that differs from the
normal units of the vehicle type with regard to their principal charac-
teristics (e.g. their tyre-size designation, functional dimensions,
conditions of use or structure). It is intended for temporary use under
restricted conditions. Temporary-use spare units may be of the
following categories:
2.7.1.1. category 1
a unit consisting of a wheel which conforms to a wheel of a normal
unit and a tyre which has principal characteristics (e.g. dimensions,
structure) different to the normal tyre;
2.7.1.2. category 2
a unit consisting of a wheel and a tyre both having principal charac-
teristics different to the normal unit and intended to be carried on thevehicle with the tyre inflated to the pressure specified for temporary
use;
2.7.1.3. category 3
a unit consisting of a normal wheel and a tyre having principal char-
acteristics different to a normal tyre and intended to be carried on the
vehicle with the tyre folded and not inflated;
2.7.1.4. category 4
a unit consisting of a wheel and tyre both having principal character-
istics different to a normal unit and intended to be carried on the
vehicle with the tyre folded and not inflated;
2.8. ‘maximum mass’ means the maximum value stated by the vehicle
manufacturer to be technically permissible for the vehicle;
2.9. ‘maximum axle load’ means the maximum value stated by the
vehicle manufacturer to be technically permissible for the total
vertical force between the contact surfaces of the tyres of the axle
in question and the ground and resulting from the part of the vehicle
mass supported by that axle. The sum of the axle loads may be
greater than the value corresponding to the maximum mass of the
vehicle;
2.10. ‘functional dimensions’ means dimensions derived from the size
designation of the wheels and/or tyres (e.g. diameter, width, aspect1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 70
▼B
ratio) and from the mounting of the unit to the vehicle (e.g. wheel
offset);
2.11. ‘maximum designspeed’ means the maximum speed approved for the
vehicle type inclusive of the tolerance allowed for the conformity
checks of the series production.
3. REQUIREMENTS FOR VEHICLES WITH REGARD TO THE
FITTING OF THEIR TYRES
3.1.General
3.1.1. Subject to the provisions of section 3.7.4., every tyre fitted to a
vehicle, including where applicable any spare, must bear the EC
type-approval mark(s) as specified in section 4 of Annex I or the
type-approval mark indicating compliance withUN/ECE Regulations
Nos 30 or 54. UN/ECE type-approval marks are considered to be
equivalent only to the EC type-approval marks granted pursuant to
Annex II.
3.2.Tyrefitment
3.2.1. All of the tyres fitted to a vehicle, excluding any temporary use
spare, must have the same structure (see Annex II section 2.3).
3.2.2. All of the tyres fitted to one axle must be of the same type (see
Annex II section 2.1).
3.2.3. The space in which the wheel revolves must be such as to allow
unrestricted movement when using the maximum permissible size of
tyres within the suspension and steering constraints provided by the
vehicle manufacturer.
3.3.Loadcapacity
3.3.1. Subject to the provisions of section 3.7, the maximum load rating
(see Annex II section 2.31) of every tyre, including a spare tyre (if
provided) with which a vehicle is fitted is:
3.3.1.1. in the case of a vehicle fitted with tyres of the same type in single
formation: at least equal to half of the maximum axle load (see
section 2.9) for the most heavily loaded axle, as declared by the
manufacturer of the vehicle;
3.3.1.2. in the case af a vehicle fitted with tyres of more than one type, in
single formation: at least equal to half of the maximum axle load
(see section 2.9), as declared by the manufacturer of the vehicle, in
respect of the relevant axle;
3.3.1.3. in the case of a vehicle fitted with passenger car tyres in dual (twin)
formation: at least equal to 0,27 times the maximum axle load, as
declared by the manufacturer of the vehicle, in respect of the relevant
axle;
3.3.1.4. in the case of axles fitted with commercial vehicle tyres in dual
(twin) formation: at least equal to 0,25 times, withreference to th e
load capacity index for dual application, the maximum axle load as
declared by the manufacturer of the vehicle, in respect of the relevant
axle.
3.4.Speedcapacity
3.4.1. Every tyre with which a vehicle is normally fitted must have a speed
category symbol (see Annex II section 2.29) compatible withth e
maximum design speed of the vehicle (as declared by the vehicle
manufacturer) or the applicable load/speed combination (see Annex
II section 2.30).
3.4.2. The above specification does not apply:3.4.2.1. in the case of temporary use spare units for which section 3.8
applies;
3.4.2.2. in the case of vehicles normally equipped with ordinary tyres and
occassionally supplied withsnow tyres.
However, in this case the speed category symbol of the snow tyres
must correspond to a speed either greater than the maximum design1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 71
▼M1
▼B
▼B
speed of the vehicle (as declared by the vehicle manufacturer) or not
less than 160 km/h (or both).
If, nevertheless, the maximum design speed of the vehicles (as
declared by the vehicle manufacturer) is greater than the speed corre-
sponding to the speed category symbol of the snow tyres a maximum
speed warning label, specifying the maximum speed capability of the
snow tyres, must be displayed inside the vehicle in a prominent posi-
tion readily visible to the driver.
3.5.Sparetyre
3.5.1. In the case where a vehicle is provided with a spare wheel its tyre
must be:
3.5.1.1. the same type as one of the tyres fitted to or approved for the
vehicle, or
3.5.1.2. a temporary-use spare tyre of a type suitable for use on the vehicle,
in any position. However, no vehicle other than a vehicle of category
M1ay be fitted witha temporary-use spare tyre.
3.5.2. Every vehicle provided with a temporary-use spare unit must be
provided withsupplementary information clearly and permanently
displayed on the temporary-use spare unit or on the vehicle near the
spare unit or in the driver's handbook. At least the following informa-
tion must be given:
3.5.2.1. an instruction to drive with caution when the temporary-use spare
unit is fitted, and to install a normal unit as soon as possible;
3.5.2.2. a statement that operation of the vehicle is not permitted with more
than one temporary-use spare unit fitted at the same time;
3.5.2.3. a clear indication of the inflation pressure specified by the vehicle
manufacturer for the tyre of the temporary-use spare unit;
3.5.2.4. for vehicles equipped with category 3 or category 4 temporary-use
spare units, a description of the procedure for inflating the tyre to
the pressure specified for temporary use by means of the device
referred to in section 3.6;
3.6.Inflatingdeviceoftemporary-usespareunit:
3.6.1. if the vehicle is equipped with a category 3 or category 4 temporary-
use spare unit, a device must be provided on the vehicle which
permits the tyre to be inflated to the pressure specified for temporary
use within a maximum of five minutes.
3.7.Specialcases
3.7.1. In the case of trailers of categories 01 and 02 with operating speeds
restricted to 100 km/hor less fitted withpassenger car tyres in single
formation, the maximum load rating of every tyre must be at least
equal to 0,45 times the maximum mass for the most heavily loaded
axle, as declared by the manufacturer of the trailer. For tyres in dual
(twin) formation this factor is 0,24.
3.7.2. In the case of some special vehicles fitted with commercial vehicle
tyres, the table ‘Variation of Load Capacity with Speed’ (see section
2.30 and Appendix 8 to Annex II) is not to be applied. In those cases
the tyre maximum load ratings to check against the maximum axle
loads (see sections 3.3.1.2 and 3.3.1.4 of this Annex) are determined
by multiplying the load corresponding to the load capacity index by
an appropriate coefficient which is related to the type of vehicle and
its use rather than to the maximum design speed of the vehicle. In
such cases section 3.4.1 of this Annex does not apply. The appro-
priate cofficients are as follows:
3.7.2.1. 1,10 in the case of vehicles of category M3 when the vehicle is
carrying standing passengers and the operating speed does not exceed
60 km/h. However, for operational reasons Member States may allow
the operating speed to be increased to 80 km/h;
3.7.2.2. 1,15 in the case of such vehicles (M3) if they are intended for use
only on urban routes withfrequent stops;
3.7.2.3. 1,10 in the case of public utility vehicles of category N used at slow
speeds over short distances in urban and suburban applications such
as road sweepers or refuse collectors.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 72
▼B
3.7.3. When a motor vehicle of category M1 is towing a trailer, the addi-
tional load imposed at the trailer coupling device may cause the
tyre maximum load ratings to be exceeded, but not by more than
15 %, provided that the operating speed is restricted to 100 km/h or
less and the inflation pressure increased by at least 0,2 bar is applied.
3.7.4. In the case of a vehicle which is fitted with tyres which are not
passenger car tyres nor commercial vehicle tyres due to special
conditions of use (e.g. agricultural tyres, industrial truck tyres, motor
cycle tyres) the requirements of Annex II do not apply provided that
the approval authority is satisfied that the tyres fitted are suitable for
the operating conditions of the vehicle.
3.8.Specificationsfortemporary-usespareunits
3.8.1. Every temporary-use spare tyre must have a speed category at least
equal to 120 km/h(speed category symbol L).
3.8.2. When fitted to the vehicle for temporary use the outward facing
surface of the wheel must exhibit a distinctive colour or colour
pattern which is clearly different from the colour(s) of the normal
units. If it is possible to attach a wheel cover to the temporary-use
spare unit the distinctive colour or colour pattern must not be
obscured by this wheel cover.
3.8.3. A maximum speed warning symbol must be permanently displayed
on the outer face of the wheel in a prominent position and in accor-
dance withth e diagram below:
1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 73
▼M1
ANNEX V
TYRE/ROADNOISEEMISSION
1. SCOPE
This annex applies to the EC type-approval of tyres, as components,
in respect of tyre/road noise emissions.
2. DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Annex, the definitions of Annex II shall
apply, except for the definition under section 2.1., which shall read
as follows:
2.1. ‘Type of tyre’
means, in relation to type-approval pursuant to this Annex (tyre/road
noise emission), a range of tyres consisting of a list of tyre size
designations (see section 2.17 in Annex II), brand names, trade marks
and trade descriptions which do not differ in such essential character-
istics as:
— the manufacturer's name
— the tyre classification (see section 2.4. of this Annex)
— the tyre structure (see section 2.1.4. of Annex II)
— the category of use (see section 2.1.3. of Annex II)— for class C1 tyres. Reinforced or Extra Load— the tread pattern (see 2.3 of Information Document, Annex I,
Appendix 3).
Note:The effect of changes in minor details of tyre tread and
construction on the tyre/road noise emission will be deter-
mined during checks on the conformity of production.
In addition, the following definitions shall also apply:
2.2. ‘Brand name or trade description’
means the identification for the tyre as provided by the tyre manufac-
turer. The brand name may be the same as the manufacturer and the
trade description may coincide withth e trade mark.
2.3. ‘Tyre/road noise emission’
means the noise arising from the contact between tyres in motion and
the road surface.
2.4. For the purpose of this Annex, the following classification shall
apply:
class C1 tyres passenger car tyres (see section 2.32. of Annex II);
class C2 tyres commercial vehicle tyres (see section 2.33. of Annex II) with load capa-
city index in single formation ≤121 and speed category symbol ≥‘N ’
(see section 2.29.3. of Annex II);
class C3 tyres commercial vehicle tyres (see section 2.33. of Annex II) with load capa-
city index in single formation ≤121 and speed category symbol ≤‘M’
(see section 2.29.3. of Annex II) or commercial vehicle tyres (see section
2.33. of Annex II) withload capacity index in single formation ≥122.
3. MARKING REQUIREMENTS
3.1. In addition to other marking requirements given in section 4 of
Annex I and section 3 of Annex II, the tyre must bear the following
markings:
3.1.1. the manufacturer's name or trade mark; the brand name, the trade
description or the trade mark.
4. TYRE/ROAD NOISE EMISSION REQUIREMENTS4.1. General requirements
A set of four tyres bearing the same tyre size designation and tread
pattern that is representative of the range of tyres, shall be submitted1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 74
▼M1
to a tyre/road noise emission level test to be carried out as specified
in Appendix 1.
4.2. The noise levels determined in accordance with section 4.5 of
Appendix 1 shall not exceed the following limits:
4.2.1. Class C1 tyres, withreference to th e nominal section width(see
Annex II, section 2.17.1.1.) of the tyre that has been tested:
Limit values in dB(A)
Tyre ClassNominal section
width(mm)AB (1)C (1)(2)
C1a ≤145 72(*) 71(*) 70
C1b > 145 ≤165 73(*) 72(*) 71
C1c > 165 ≤185 74(*) 73(*) 72
C1d > 185 ≤215 75(**) 74(**) 74
C1e > 215 76(***) 75(***) 75
(*) Limit values in column A shall apply until 30 June 2007;
Limit values in column B shall apply as from 1 July 2007.
(**) Limit values in column A shall apply until 30 June 2008;
Limit values in column B shall apply as from 1 July 2008.
(***) Limit values in column A shall apply until 30 June 2009;
Limit values in column B shall apply as from 1 July 2009.
(1) Indicative figures only. Definitive figures will depend on amendment of the Directive following the report
required in Article 3(2) of Directive 2001/43/EC.
(2) Limit values for column C will result from the amendment of the Directive following the report required in
Article 3(2) of Directive 2001/43/EC.
4.2.1.1. For reinforced (or Extra Load) tyres (see Annex II, section 3.1.8.),
the limit values in section 4.2.1. shall be increased by 1 dB(A)
4.2.1.2. For tyres classified in category of use ‘Special’, (see Annex II,
section 2.1.3.), the limit values in section 4.2.1. shall be increased
by 2 dB(A).
4.2.2. Class C2 tyres withreference to th e category of use (see Annex II,
section 2.1.3.) of the range of tyres:
Category of use Limit value expressed in dB(A)
Normal 75
Snow 77
Special 78
4.2.3. Class C3 tyres, withreference to th e category of use (see Annex II,
section 2.1.3.) of the range of tyres:
Category of use Limit value expressed in dB(A)
Normal 76
Snow 78
Special 791992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 75
▼M1
Appendix 1
TEST METHODFOR TYRE-ROADSOUNDLEVELS COAST-BY
METHOD
0.Introduction
The presented method contains specifications on measuring instru-
ments, measurement conditions and the measurement method, in
order to obtain the noise level of a set of tyres mounted on a test
vehicle rolling at high speed on a specified road surface. The
maximum sound pressure level is to be recorded, when the test
vehicle is coasting, by remote-field microphones; the final result of
a reference speed is obtained from a linear regression analysis. Such
test results cannot be related to tyre noise measured during accelera-
tion under power or deceleration during braking.
1.Measuringinstruments
1.1. Acoustic measurements
The sound level meter or the equivalent measuring system, including
the windscreen recommended by the manufacturer, shall at least meet
the requirements of Type 1 instruments in accordance with IEC
60651, second edition.
The measurements shall be made using the frequency weighting A,
and the time weighting F.
When using a system that includes a periodic monitoring of the A-
weighted sound level, a reading should be made at a time interval
not greater than 30 ms.
1.1.1. Calibration
At the beginning and at the end of every measurement session, the
entire measurement system shall be checked by means of a sound
calibrator that fulfils the requirements for sound calibrators of at least
precision Class 1 according to IEC 942:1988. Without any further
adjustment the difference between the readings of two consecutive
checks shall be less than or equal to IEC 942:1988. Without any
further adjustment the difference between the readings of two conse-
cutive checks shall be less than or equal to 0,5 dB. If this value is
exceeded, the results of the measurements obtained after the previous
satisfactory check shall be discarded.
1.1.2. Compliance with requirements
The compliance of the sound calibration device with the require-
ments of IEC 60942:1988 shall be verified once a year and the
compliance of the instrumentation system with the requirements of
IEC 60651:1979/A1:1993, second edition, shall be verified at least
every two years by a laboratory which is authorised to perform cali-
brations traceable to the appropriate standards.
1.1.3. Positioning of the microphone
The microphone (or microphones) must be located at a distance of
7,5 m ± 0,05 m from track reference line CC1(figure 1) and
1,2 m ± 0,02 m above the ground. Its axis of maximum sensitivity
must be horizontal and perpendicular to the path of the vehicle (line
CC1).
1.2. Speed measurements
The vehicle speed shall be measured with instruments with an accu-
racy of ± 1 km/h or better when the front end of the vehicle has
reached line PP ′(figure 1).
1.3. Temperature measurements
Measurements of air as well as test surface temperature are manda-
tory. The temperature measuring devices shall be accurate within
± 1 ºC.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 76
▼M1
1.3.1. Air temperature
The temperature sensor is to be positioned in an unobstructed loca-
tion close to the microphone in such a way that it is exposed to the
airflow and protected from direct solar radiation. The latter may be
achieved by any shading screen or similar device. The sensor should
be positioned at a height of 1,2 m ± 0,1 m above the test surface
level in order to minimise the influence of the test surface thermal
radiation at low airflows.
1.3.2. Test surface temperature
The temperature sensor is to be positioned in a location where the
temperature measured is representative of the temperature in the
wheel tracks, without interfering with the sound measurement.
If an instrument witha contact temperature sensor is used, h eat-
conductive paste shall be applied between the surface and the sensor
to ensure adequate thermal contact.
If a radiation thermometer (pyrometer) is used, the height should be
chosen to ensure that a measuring spot with a diameter of ≥0 , 1mi s
covered.
1.4. Wind measurement
The device must be capable of measuring the wind speed with a
tolerance of ± 1 m/s. The wind shall be measured at microphone
height. The wind direction with reference to the driving direction
shall be recorded.
2.Conditionsofmeasurement
2.1. Test site
The test site must consist of a central section surrounded by a
substantially flat test area. The measuring section must be level; the
test surface must be dry and clean for all measurements. The test
surface shall not be artificially cooled during or prior to the testing.
The test track must be such that the conditions of a free sound field
between the sound source and the microphone are attained to within
1 dB(A). These conditions shall be deemed to be met if there are no
large sound reflecting objects suchas fences, rocks, bridges or build-
ings within 50 m of the centre of the measuring section. The surface
of the test track and the dimensions of the test site shall be in accor-
dance withAppendix 2 of th is Annex.
A central part of at least 10 m radius shall be free of powdery snow,
tall grass, loose soil, cinders or the like. There must be no obstacle
which could affect the sound field within the vicinity of the micro-
phone and no persons shall stand between the microphone and the
sound source. The operator carrying out the measurements and any
observers attending the measurements must position themselves so
as not to affect the readings of the measuring instruments.
2.2. Meteorological conditions
Measurements shall not be made under poor atmospheric conditions.
It must be ensured that the results are not affected by gusts of wind.
Testing shall not be performed if the wind speed at the microphone
height exceeds 5 m/s.
Measurements shall not be made if the air temperature is below 5 ºC
or above 40 ºC or the test surface temperature is below 5 ºC or above
50 ºC.
2.3. Ambient noise
The background sound level (including any wind noise) shall be at
least 10 dB(A) less than the measured tyre-road sound emission. A
suitable windscreen may be fitted to the microphone provided that
account is taken of its effect on the sensitivity and directional char-
acteristics of the microphone.
Any measurement affected by a sound peak which appears to be
unrelated to the characteristics of the general sound level of tyres
shall be ignored.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 77
▼M1
2.4. Test vehicle requirements
2.4.1. General
The test vehicle shall be a motor vehicle and be fitted with four
single tyres on just two axles.
2.4.2. Vehicle load
The vehicle must be loaded such as to comply with the test tyre loads
as specified in section 2.5.2. below.
2.4.3. Wheelbase
The wheelbase between the two axles fitted with the test tyres shall
for Class C1 be less than 3,50 m and for Class C2 and Class C3 tyres
be less than 5 m.
2.4.4. Measures to minimise vehicle influence on sound level measurements
To ensure that tyre noise is not significantly affected by the test
vehicle design the following requirements and recommendations are
given.
Requirements:
(a) Spray suppression flaps or other extra device to suppress spray
shall not be fitted.
(b) Addition or retention of elements in the immediate vicinity of the
rims and tyres, which may screen the emitted sound, is not
permitted.
(c) Wheel alignment (toe in, camber and castor) shall be in full
accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations.
(d) Additional sound absorbing material may not be mounted in the
wheel housings or under the underbody.
(e) Suspension shall be in such a condition that it does not result in
an abnormal reduction in ground clearance when the vehicle is
loaded in accordance withth e testing requirement. If available,
body level regulation systems shall be adjusted to give a ground
clearance during testing which is normal for unladen condition.
Recommendations to avoid parasitic sound:
(a) Removal or modification of components on the vehicle that any
contribute to the background sound of the vehicle is recom-
mended. Any removals or modifications shall be recorded in the
test report.
(b) During testing it should be ascertained that brakes are not poorly
released, causing brake noise.
(c) It should be ascertained that electric cooling fans are not oper-
ating.
(d) Windows and sliding roof of the vehicle shall be closed during
testing.
2.5. Tyres
2.5.1. General
Four identical tyres of the same type and range must be fitted to the
test vehicle. In the case of tyres with a load capacity index in excess
of 121 and without any dual fitting indication, two of these tyres of
the same type and range must be fitted to the rear axle of the test
vehicle; the front axle must be fitted with tyres of a size suitable for
the axle load and planed down to the minimum depth in order to
minimise the influence of tyre/road contact noise while maintaining
a sufficient level of safety. Winter tyres that in certain Member
States may be equipped with studs intended to enhance friction shall
be tested without this equipment. Tyres with special fitting require-
ments shall be tested in accordance with these requirements (e.g.
rotation direction). The tyres must have full tread depth before being
run-in.
Tyres are to be tested on rims permitted by the tyre manufacturer.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 78
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2.5.2. Tyre loads
The test load Qtfor each tyre on the test vehicle shall be 50 % to
90 % of the reference load Qr, but the average test load Qt,avrof all
tyres shall be 75 % ± 5 % of the reference load Qr.
For all tyres the reference load Qrcorresponds to the maximum mass
associated with the load capacity index of the tyre. In the case where
the load capacity index is constituted by two numbers divided by
slash (/), reference shall be made to the first number.
2.5.3. Tyre inflation pressure
Each tyre fitted on the test vehicle shall have a test pressure Ptnot
higher than the reference pressure Prand within the interval:
where Pris the pressure corresponding to the pressure index marked
on the sidewall.
For Class C1 the reference pressure is Pr= 250 kPa for ‘standard’
tyres and 290 kPa for ‘reinforced’ tyres, the minimum test pressure
shall be Pt= 150 kPa.
2.5.4. Preparations prior to testing
The tyres should be ‘run-in’ prior to testing to remove compound
nodules or other tyre pattern characteristics resulting from the
moulding process. This will normally require the equivalent of about
100 km of normal use on the road.
The tyres fitted to the test vehicle shall rotate in the same direction
as when they were run-in.
Prior to testing tyres shall be warmed up by running under test condi-
tions.
3.Methodoftesting
3.1. General conditions
For all measurements the vehicle must be driven in a straight line
over the measuring section (AA ′to BB′) in such a way that the
median longitudinal plane of the vehicle is as close as possible to
the line CC ′.
When the front end of the test vehicle has reached the line AA ′,t he
vehicle's driver must have put the gear selector on neutral position
and switched off the engine. If abnormal noise (e.g. ventilator, self-
ignition) is emitted by the test vehicle during the measurement, the
test must be repeated.
3.2. Nature and number of measurements
The maximum sound level expressed in A-weighted decibels (dB(A))
shall be measured to the first decimal place as the vehicle is coasting
between lines AA ′and BB ′(figure 1— front end of the vehicle on
line AA ′, rear end of the vehicle on line BB'). This value will consti-
tute the result of the measurement.
At least four measurements shall be made on each side of the test
vehicle at test speeds lower than the reference speed specified in
paragraph 4.1. and at least four measurements at test speeds higher
than the reference speed. The speeds shall be approximately equally
spaced over the speed range specified in paragraph 3.3.
3.3. Test speeds
The test vehicle speeds shall be within the range:
(i) from 70 km/hto 90 km/hfor Class C1 and Class C2 tyres;
(ii) from 60 km/hto 80 km/hfor Class C3 tyres.
4.Interpretationofresults
The measurement shall be invalid if an abnormal discrepancy
between the maximum value and the other values is recorded.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 79
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4.1. Determination of test result
Reference speed Vrefused to determine the final result will be:
(i) 80 km/hfor Class C1 and Class C2 tyres;
(ii) 70 km/hfor Class C3 tyres.
4.2. Regression analysis of noise measurements
The (not temperature corrected) tyre-road noise level LRin dB(A) is
determined by a regression analysis according to:
where:
L
is the mean value of the noise levels Li, measured in dB(A):
n is the measurement number (n ≥16),
v
is the mean value of logarithms of speeds vi:
With
a is the slope of the regression line in dB(A):
4.3. Temperature correction
For Class C2 tyres, the final result shall be normalised to a test
surface reference temperature hrefby applying a temperature correc-
tion, according to the following:
where θis the measured test surface temperature,
θref= 20 ºC,
For Class C1 tyres, the coefficient K is – 0,03 dB(A)/ºC when θ>θrefand K is – 0,06 dB(A)/ºC when θ<θref.
For Class C2 tyres, the coefficient K is – 0,02 dB(A)/ºCIf the measured test surface temperature does not change by more
than 5 ºC within all measurements necessary for the determination
of the sound level of one set of tyres, the temperature correction
may be made only on the final reported tyre-road sound level as indi-
cated above, utilizing the arithmetic mean value of the measured
temperatures. Otherwise each measured sound level L
ishall be
corrected, utilizing the temperature at the time of the sound
recording.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 80
▼M1
There will be no temperature correction for Class C3 tyres.
4.4. In order to take account of any measuring instrument inaccuracies,
the results according to section 4.3. shall be reduced by 1 dB(A).
4.5. The final result, the temperature corrected tyre-road noise level
LR(θref) in dB(A), shall be rounded down to the nearest lower whole
value.
Figure 1:
MicrophonePositionsfortheMeasurement
1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 81
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Appendix 2
TESTREPORT
The test report shall include the following information:
(a) meteorological conditions inclusive of air and test surface temperature for
eachtest run,
(b) date and method of check on compliance of the test surface with ISO
10844:1994,
(c) test rim width,
(d) tyre data: manufacturer, brand name, trade name, size, load index, reference
pressure,
(e) test vehicle description and wheelbase,
(f) type test load Qtin N and in per cent of the reference load Qrfor eachtest
tyre, average test load Qt,avrin N and in per cent of the reference load Qr,
(g) cold inflation pressure in kPa for eachtest tyre,(h) test speeds when the vehicle passed line PP ′,
(i) maximum A-weigh ted sound levels for eachtest run and eachmicroph one,
(j) the test result L
R: A-weighted sound level in decibel at reference speed,
corrected for temperature (if applicable), rounded down to the nearest lower
whole value.
(k) regression line slope.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 82
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ANNEX VI
SPECIFICATIONSFORTHETESTSITE
1.Introduction
This annex describes the specifications relating to the physical char-
acteristics and the laying of the test track. These specifications based
on a special standard(1) describe the required physical characteristics
as well as the test methods for these characteristics.
2.Requiredcharacteristics ofthesurface
A surface is considered to conform to this standard provided that the
texture and voids content or sound absorption coefficient have been
measured and found to fulfil all the requirements of sections 2.1. to
2.4. below and provided that the design requirements (section 3.2.)
have been met.
2.1. Residual voids content
The residual voids content (VC) of the test track paving mixture shall
not exceed 8 %. For the measurement procedure, see section 4.1.
2.2. Sound absorption coefficient
If the surface fails to comply with the residual voids content require-
ment, the surface is acceptable only if its sound absorption
coefficient α≤0,10. For the measurement procedure, see section
4.2. The requirement of sections 2.1. and 2.2. is also met if only
sound absorption has been measured and found to be α≤0.10.
Note:The most relevant characteristic is the sound absorption,
although the residual voids content is more familiar among
road constructors. However, sound absorption needs to be
measured only if the surface fails to comply with the voids
requirement. This is justified because the residual voids
content has relatively large uncertainties in terms of both
measurements and relevance and some surfaces may therefore
erroneously be rejected when based only on the voids
measurement.
2.3. Texture depth
The texture depth (TD) measured according to the volumetric method
(see section 4.3. below) shall be:
TD≥0,4 mm
2.4. Homogeneity of the surface
Every practical effort shall be taken to ensure that the surface is
made to be as homogeneous as possible within the test area. This
includes the texture and voids content, but it should also be observed
that if the rolling process results in more effective rolling at some
places than others, the texture may be different and unevenness
causing bumps may also occur.
2.5. Period of testing
In order to check whether the surface continues to conform to the
texture and voids content or sound absorption requirements stipulated
in this Annex, periodic testing of the surface shall be carried out at
the following intervals:
(a) For residual voids content (VC) or sound absorption ( α):
when the surface is new;
if the surface meets the requirements when new, no further peri-
odical testing is required. If it does not meet the requirement
when it is new, it may do so later because surfaces tend to
become clogged and compacted withtime.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 83
(1) ISO 10844:1994 If a different test surface is defined by ISO, in the future, the reference
standard will be amended accordingly.
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(b) For texture depth(TD):
when the surface is new;
when the noise testing starts ( NB: not before four weeks after
laying);
then every twelve months.
3.Testsurfacedesign
3.1. Area
When designing the test track layout it is important to ensure that, as
a minimum requirement, the area traversed by the vehicles running
through the test strip is covered with the specified test material with
suitable margins for safe and practical driving. This will require that
the width of the track is at least 3 m and the length of the track
extends beyond lines AA and BB by at least 10 m at either end.
Figure 1 shows a plan of a suitable test site and indicates the
minimum area which shall be machine laid and machine compacted
withth e specified test surface material. According to Annex 5,
Appendix 1, section 3.2., measurements have to be made on each
side of the vehicle. This can be made either by measuring with two
microphone locations (one on each side of the track) and driving in
one direction, or measuring witha microph one only on one side of
the track but driving the vehicle in two directions. If the latter
method is used, then there are no surface requirements on that side
of the track where there is no microphone.
Figure 1
Minimumrequirementsfortestsurfacearea
Theshadedpartiscalled ‘TestArea’.
3.2. Design and preparation of the surface
3.2.1. Basic designrequiremen ts
The test surface shall meet four design requirements:
3.2.1.1. It shall be a dense asphaltic concrete.
3.2.1.2. The maximum chipping size shall be 8 mm (tolerances allow from
6,3 mm to 10 mm).
3.2.1.3. The thickness of the wearing course shall be ≥30 mm.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 84
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3.2.1.4. The binder shall be a straight penetration grade bitumen without
modification.
3.2.2. Designguidelin es
As a guide to the surface constructor, an aggregate grading curve
which will give desired characteristics is shown in Figure 2. In addi-
tion, Table 1 gives some guidelines in order to obtain the desiredtexture and durability. The grading curve fits the following formula:
P (% passing) = 100.(d/d
max)1/2
where:
d = square meshsieve size, in mm
dmax= 8 mm for the mean curve
= 10 mm for the lower tolerance curve= 6,3 mm for the upper tolerance curve
Figure 2:
Grading curve of the aggregate in the asphaltic mix with toler-
ances
In addition to the above, the following recommendations are made:
(a) The sand fraction (0,063 mm < square mesh sieve size < 2 mm)
shall include no more than 55 % natural sand and at least 45 %
crushed sand.
(b) The base and sub-base shall ensure a good stability and evenness,
according to best road construction practice.
(c) The chippings shall be crushed (100 % crushed faces) and of a
material with a high resistance to crushing.
(d) The chippings used in the mix shall be washed.
(e) No extra chippings shall be added onto the surface.
(f) The binder hardness expressed as PEN value shall be 40-60, 60-
80 or even 80-100 depending on the climatic conditions of the
country. The rule is that as hard a binder as possible shall be
used, provided this is consistent with common practice.
(g) The temperature of the mix before rolling shall be chosen so as
to achieve by subsequent rolling the required voids content. In1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 85
▼M1
order to increase the probability of satisfying the specifications of
sections 2.1. to 2.4. above, the compactness shall be studied not
only by an appropriate choice of mixing temperature, but also by
an appropriate number of passings and by the choice of
compacting vehicle.
Table 1
Designguidelines
Target values
TolerancesBy total mass of
mixBy mass of the
aggregate
Mass of stones, square meshsieve (SM) > 2 mm 47,6 % 50,5 % ± 5
Mass of sand 0,063 < SM < 2 mm 38,0 % 40,2 % ± 5
Mass of filler SM < 0,063 mm 8,8 % 9,3 % ± 2
Mass of binder (bitumen) 5,8 % N.A. ± 0,5
Max. chipping size 8 mm 6,3 – 10Binder hardness (see para. 3.2.2. (f))
Polished stone value (PSV) > 50
Compactness, relative to Marshall compactness 98 %
4.Testmethod
4.1. Measurement of the residual voids content
For the purpose of this measurement, cores have to be taken from the
track in at least four different positions which are equally distributed
in the test area between lines AA and BB (see figure 1). In order to
avoid non-homogeneity and unevenness in the wheel tracks, cores
should not be taken in wheel tracks themselves, but close to them.
Two cores (minimum) should be taken close to the wheel tracks and
one core (minimum) should be taken approximately midway between
the wheel tracks and each microphone location.
If there is a suspicion that the condition of homogeneity is not met
(see section 2.4.), cores shall be taken from more locations within
the test area.
The residual voids content has to be determined for each core, then
the average value from all cores shall be calculated and compared
with the requirement of section 2.1. In addition, no single core shall
have a voids value which is higher than 10 %.
The test surface constructor is reminded of the problem which may
arise when the test area is heated by pipes or electrical wires and
cores must be taken from this area. Such installations must be care-
fully planned withrespect to future core drilling locations. It is
recommended to leave a few locations of size approximately
200 mm × 300 mm where there are no wires/pipes or where the latter
are located deep enoughin order not to be damaged by cores taken
from the surface layer.
4.2. Sound absorption coefficient
The sound absorption coefficient (normal incidence) shall be
measured by the impedance tube method using the procedure speci-
fied in ISO 10534-1: ‘Acoustics — Determination of sound
absorption coefficient and impedance by a tube method’(
1).
Regarding test specimens, the same requirements shall be followed as
regarding the residual voids content (see section 4.1). The sound
absorption shall be measured in the range between 400 Hz and
800 Hz and in the range between 800 Hz and 1 600 Hz (at least at
the centre frequencies of third octave bands) and the maximum
values shall be identified for both of these frequency ranges. Then1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 86
(1) To be published.
▼M1
these values, for all test cores, shall be averaged to constitute the
final result.
4.3. Volumetric macrotexture measurement
For the purpose of this standard, texture depth measurements shall be
made on at least 10 positions evenly spaced along the wheel tracks of
the test strip and the average value taken to compare with the speci-
fied minimum texture depth. See Standard ISO 10844:1994 for
description of the procedure.
5.Stabilityintimeandmaintenance
5.1. Age influence
In common with any other surfaces, it is expected that the tyre-road
noise level measured on the test surface may increase slightly during
the first 6 — 12 months after construction.
The surface will achieve its required characteristics not earlier than
four weeks after construction. The influence of age on the noise
from trucks is generally less than that from cars.
Stability over time is determined mainly by polishing and compac-
tion by vehicles driving on the surface. It shall be periodically
checked as stated in section 2.5.
5.2. Maintenance of the surface
Loose debris or dust which could significantly reduce the effective
texture depthmust be removed from th e surface. In countries with
winter climates, salt is sometimes used for de-icing. Salt may alter
the surface temporarily or even permanently in such a way as to
increase noise and is therefore not recommended.
5.3. Repaving the test area
If it is necessary to repave the test track, it is usually unnecessary to
repave more than the test strip (of 3 m width in figure 1) where vehi-
cles are driving, provided the test area outside the strip met the
requirement of residual voids content or sound absorption when it
was measured.
6.Documentationofthetestsurfaceandoftestsperformedonit
6.1. Documentation of the test surface
The following data shall be given in a document describing the test
surface:
6.1.1. The location of the test track.
6.1.2. Type of binder, binder hardness, type of aggregate, maximum theore-
tical density of the concrete (DR), thickness of the wearing course
and grading curve determined from cores from the test track.
6.1.3. Method of compaction (e.g. type of roller, roller mass, number of
passes).
6.1.4. Temperature of the mix, temperature of the ambient air and wind
speed during laying of the surface.
6.1.5. Date when the surface was laid and contractor.
6.1.6. All or at least the latest test result, including:
6.1.6.1. the residual voids content of each core;
6.1.6.2. the locations in the test area from where the cores for voids measure-
ments have been taken;
6.1.6.3. the sound absorption coefficient of each core (if measured). Specify
the results both for each core and each frequency range as well as the
overall average;
6.1.6.4. the locations in the test area from where the cores for absorption
measurement have been taken;
6.1.6.5. texture depth, including the number of tests and standard deviation;1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 87
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6.1.6.6. the institution responsible for tests according to sections 6.1.6.1. and
6.1.6.2. and the type of equipment used;
6.1.6.7. date of the test(s) and date when the cores were taken from the test
track.
6.2. Documentation of vehicle noise tests c onducted on the
surface
In the document describing the vehicle noise test(s) it shall be stated
whether all the requirements of this standard were fulfilled or not.
Reference shall be made to a document according to section 6.1.
describing the results which verify this.1992L0023 — EN — 04.08.2001 — 002.001 — 88