1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of1March1971
ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtotherear-viewmirrorsofmotor
vehicles
(71/127/EEC)
(OJ L 68, 22.3.1971, p. 1)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►M1Commission Directive 79/795/EEC of 20 July 1979 L 239 1 22.9.1979
►M2Commission Directive 85/205/EEC of 18 February 1985 L 90 1 29.3.1985
Amended by:
►A1Act of Accession of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern IrelandL 73 14 27.3.1972
(adapted by Council Decision of 1 January 1973) L 2 1 1.1.1973
►A2Act of Accession of Greece L 291 17 19.11.1979
Corrected by:
►C1Consolidated text of corrigenda to instruments published in Special
Editions1952-72, p. 85 (71/127/EEC)
▼B
COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of1March1971
on the approximationof the lawsofthe Member States relating to
therear-view mirrorsofmotorvehicles
(71/127/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof;
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;Having regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament(
1);
Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and Social
Committee(2);
Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy
pursuant to national laws relate, inter alia , to their rear-view mirrors;
Whereasthos e requirementsdiffer from one Member State to another;
whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the samerequirementseither in addition to or in place of their exis ting require-ments, in order, in particular, to allow the EEC type-approvalprocedure which wasthe s ubject of the Council Directive of 6 February1970(
3) on the approximation of the lawsof the Member Statesrelating
to the type-approval of motor vehiclesand their trailersto be applied in
respect of each type of vehicle;
Whereasruleson rear-view mirrorss hould lay down requirements
concerning not only how such mirrors should be fitted on vehicles butalso their construction;
Whereasa harmonis ed type-approval procedure for rear-view mirrors
makes it possible for each Member State to check compliance withthe common construction and testing requirements and to inform the
other Member Statesof itsfindingsby s ending a copy of the type-
approval certificate completed for each type of rear-view mirror;whereasthe placing of an EEC type-approval mark on all mirrorsmanufactured in conformity with the approved type obviatesany needfor technical checks on these mirrors in the other Member States;
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
1. Each Member State shall approve any type of rear-view mirror
which satisfies the construction and testing requirements laid down initem 2 of Annex I.
2. The Member State which hasgranted type approval s hall take the
measures required in order to verify, in so far as is necessary and if
need be in co-operation with the competent authoritiesin the otherMember States, that production models conform to the approved type.Such verification shall be limited to spot checks.
Article 2
Member States shall issue to the manufacturer, or to his authorised
representative, an EEC type-approval mark which shall conform to themodel shown in item 2.6 of Annex I, for each type of rear-view mirrorwhich they approve pursuant to Article 1.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 160, 18.12.1969, p. 7.
(2) OJ No C 48, 16.4.1969, p. 16.
(3) OJ No L 42, 23.2.1970, p. 1.
▼B
Member States shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the use of
marksliable to create confus ion between rear-view mirrorswhich havebeen type-approved pursuant to Article 1 and other mirrors.
Article 3
1. No Member State may prohibit the placing on the market of rear-
view mirrorson groundsrelating to their cons truction or method of
functioning if they bear the EEC type-approval mark.
2. Nevertheless, this provision shall not prevent a Member State
from taking such measures in respect of rear-view mirrors bearing theEEC type-approval mark which, by their design, do not conform to theapproved prototype.
That State shall inform the other Member States and the Commission
forthwith of the measures taken, specifying the reasons for its decision.The provisions of Article 5 shall also apply.
There shall be failure to conform to the approved type, within the
meaning of the first subparagraph, where the requirements of item 2
of Annex I are not observed.
Article 4
The competent authoritiesof each Member State s hall within one
month send to the competent authorities of the other Member States acopy of the type-approval certificatescompleted for each type of rear-view mirror which they approve or refuse to approve.
Article 5
1. If the Member State which hasgranted EEC type-approval finds
that a number of rear-view mirrorsbearing the s ame type-approvalmark do not conform to the type which it hasapproved, it s hall take
the necessary measures to ensure that production models conform to
the approved type. The competent authorities of that State shall advisethose of the other Member States of the measures taken, which may,where necessary, extend to withdrawal of EEC type-approval. Thesaid authorities shall take the same measures if they are informed by
the competent authoritiesof another Member State of s uch failure to
conform.
2. The competent authoritiesof Member Statess hall inform each
other within one month of any withdrawal of EEC type-approval, and
of the reasons for such measure.
3. If the Member State which hasgranted EEC type-approval
disputes the failure to conform notified to it, the Member Statesconcerned shall endeavour to settle the dispute. The Commission shallbe kept informed and shall, where necessary, hold appropriate consulta-
tions for the purpose of reaching a settlement.
Article 6
All decisions taken pursuant to the provisions adopted in implementa-
tion of thisDirective which refus e or withdraw type-approval for a
rear-view mirror or prohibit its use shall set out in detail the reasonson which they are based. A decision shall be notified to the partyconcerned, who shall at the same time be informed of the remediesavailable to him under the lawsin force in the Member Statesand ofthe time limits allowed for the exercise of such remedies.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 3
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Article 7
1. With effect from 1 October 1985, no Member State may, on
groundsrelating to rear-view mirrors :
(a) — refuse, in respect of a type of motor vehicle, to grant EEC type-
approval, to issue the document referred to in the third indent of
Article 10 (1) of Directive 70/156/EEC, or to grant national
type-approval, or
— prohibit the entry into service of the vehicles,
if the rear-view mirrorsof thistype of vehicle or of thes e vehicles
comply with the provisions of this Directive;
(b) — refuse, in respect of a type of rear-view mirror, to grant EEC
component type-approval or national type-approval, if these
rear-view mirrorscomply with the provis ionsof thisDirective,or
— prohibit the placing on the market of rear-view mirrorswhich
bear the EEC component type-approval mark issued in accor-dance with the requirementsof thisDirective.
2. With effect from 1 October 1986 a Member State:
(a) — shall not issue the document referred to in the third indent of
Article 10 (1) of Directive 70/156/EEC in respect of a type of
vehicle of which the rear-view mirrorsdo not comply with theprovisions of this Directive,
— may refuse to grant national type-approval in respect of a type
of vehicle of which the rear-view mirrorsdo not comply withthe provisions of this Directive;
(b) — shall not grant EEC component type-approval in respect of a
type of rear-view mirror if the latter doesnot comply with the
provisions of this Directive,
— may refuse to grant national component type-approval in
respect of a type of rear-view mirror if the latter does notcomply with the provisions of this Directive.
3. With effect from 1 October 1988, Member Statesmay prohibit
the entry into service of vehicles — with the exception of thosereferred to in item 2.1.3 of Annex III — of which the rear-view mirrorsdo not comply with the provisions of this Directive.
With effect from 1 October 1992, Member Statesmay prohibit the
entry into service of vehicles referred to in item 2.1.3 of Annex III ofwhich the rear-view mirrorsdo not comply with the provis ionsof thisDirective. They may likewise prohibit the placing on the market ofrear-view mirrorswhich do not bear the component type-approval
mark issued in accordance with the requirements of this Directive.
Article 7a
No Member State may refuse or prohibit the sale or registration, entry
into service or use of a vehicle on grounds relating to its rear-viewmirrorsif thes e comply with the requirementslaid down in theAnnexes.
Article 8
For the purposes of this Directive, ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle
intended for use on the road, with or without bodywork, having at leastfour wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h, with theexception of vehicleswhich run on rails , agricultural tractorsandmachinery, and public worksvehicles .
Article 9
The amendments necessary for adjusting the requirements of Annexes
I, II and III so as to take account of technical progress shall be adoptedin accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of the1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 4
▼A1
▼B
▼B
Council Directive of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws
of the Member Statesrelating to the type approval of motor vehiclesand their trailers.
Article 10
1. Member States shall put into force provisions containing the
requirementsneeded in order to comply with thisDirective within
eighteen monthsof itsnotification and s hall forthwith inform theCommission thereof.
2. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions
of national law which they adopt in the field governed by thisDirectiveare communicated to the Commission.
Article 11
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 5
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ANNEX I
DEFINITIONS
1. Rear-view mirror means any device, excluding complex optical systems
such as periscopes, intended to give a clear view to the rear and side of
the vehicle within the fieldsof vis ion defined in item 5 of Annex III.
2. Interior rear-view mirror meansa device asdefined in item 1 which can
be fitted in the passenger compartment of a vehicle.
3. Exterior rear-view mirror meansa device asdefined in item 1 which can
be mounted on the external surface of a vehicle.
4. Surveillance rear-view mirror meansa rear-view mirror other than a
device of the type defined in item 1 which can be fitted to the inside or
outside of the vehicle in order to provide fields of vision other than those
specified in item 5 of Annex III.
5. Rear-view mirror type meansdeviceswhich do not differ s ignificantly in
respect of the following essential characteristics:
5.1. the dimensions and radius of curvature of the rear-view mirror's reflecting
surface;
5.2. the design, shape or materials of the rear-view mirrors, including the
connection with the bodywork.
6. Class of rear-view mirror meansall deviceshaving one or more common
characteristics or functions. They are classified as follows:
Class I: Interior rear-view mirrors, giving the field of vision
defined in item 5.2 of Annex III.
Classes II and III: ‘Main’ exterior rear-view mirrors, giving the fields
of vision defined in item 5.3 of Annex III.
Class IV: ‘Wide-angle’ exterior rear-view mirrors, giving the
field of vision defined in item 5.4 of Annex III.
Class V: ‘Close-proximity’ exterior rear-view mirrors, giving
the field of vision defined in item 5.5 of Annex III.
7. rmeansthe average of the radii of curvature meas ured over the reflecting
surface, in accordance with the method described in item 2 of Appendix 1
to thisAnnex.
8. The principal radii of curvature at one point on the reflecting surface (ri)
meansthe valuesobtained with the apparatusdefined in Appendix 1,
measured on the arc of the reflecting surface passing through the centre
of this surface parallel to the segment b, as defined in item 2.2.1 of Annex
II and on the arc perpendicular to thiss egment.
9. The radius of curvature at one point on the reflecting surface (rp)means
the arithmetical average of the principal radii of curvature riand r′ii.e.:
rp¼riþr0
i
2
10. Centre of the reflecting surface meansthe centroid of the vis ible area of
the reflecting surface.
11. The radius of curvature of the constituent parts of the rear-view mirror
means the radius ‘c’ of the arc of the circle which most closely approxi-
matesto the curved form of the part in ques tion.
12. The driver's ocular points meanstwo points65 mm apart and 635 mm
vertically above point R of the driver'ss eat asdefined in Appendix 2 to
this Annex. The straight line joining these points runs perpendicular to the
vertical longitudinal median plane of the vehicle. The centre of the
segment joining the two ocular points is in a vertical longitudinal plane
which must pass through the centre of the driver's designated seating posi-
tion, ass pecified by the vehicle manufacturer.
13. Ambinocular vision means the total field of vision obtained by the super-
imposition of the monocular fields of the right eye and the left eye (see
diagram below).1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 6
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E = interior rear-view mirror
ODo
= driver'seyesOE
IDo
= virtual monocular imagesIE
I = virtual ambinocular imageA = angle of vision of left eyeB = angle of vision of right eye
C = binocular angle of vision
D = ambinocular angle of vision
14. Type of vehicle as regards rear-view mirrors meansmotor vehicleswhich
are identical in respect of the following basic features:
14.1. the bodywork featureswhich reduce the field of vis ion;
14.2. the coordinatesof point R;14.3. the prescribed positions and types of compulsory and (if fitted) optional
rear-view mirror.
15. Vehicles of categories M
1,M2,M3,N1,N2,N3meansthos e defined in
Annex I to Directives70/156/EEC.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 7
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Appendix 1 to Annex I
PROCEDUREFORDETERMININGTHERADIUSOFCURVATURE‘r’
OFTHEREFLECTINGSURFACEOFAREAR-VIEWMIRROR
1. MEASUREMENTS
1.1.Equipment
The ‘spherometer’ described in Figure 1 is used.
1.2.Measuringpoints
1.2.1. The principal radii of curvature shall be measured at three points situated
as close as possible to positions at one-third, one-half and two-thirds of
the distance along the arc of the reflecting surface passing through the
centre of this surface and parallel to segment b, or of the arc passing
through the centre of the reflecting surface which is perpendicular to it
if thisarc isthe longer.
1.2.2. Where, owing to the size of the reflecting surface, it is impossible to
obtain measurements in the directions defined in item 8 of this Annex,
the technical services responsible for the tests may take measurements at
the said point in two perpendicular directions as close as possible to those
prescribed above.
2. CALCULATION OF THE RADIUS OF CURVATURE ‘r’
‘r’ expressed in mm is calculated from the formula:
r¼rp1þrp2þrp3
3
where:
rp1= the radius of curvature at the first measuring point,
rp2= the radius of curvature at the second measuring point,
rp3= the radiusof curvature at the third meas uring point.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 8
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Figure 11971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 9
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Appendix 2 to Annex I
PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE H POINT AND VERIFYING
THERELATIVEPOSITIONSOFTHERANDHPOINTS
The relevant partsof Annex III to Directive 77/649/EEC are applicable.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 10
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ANNEX II
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS AND TESTS REQUIRED FOR EEC
COMPONENTTYPE-APPROVALOFREAR-VIEWMIRRORS
1. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.1. All rear-view mirrors must be adjustable.
1.2. The edge of the reflecting surface must be enclosed in a protective
housing (holder, etc.) which, on its perimeter, must have a value ‘c’
greater than or equal to 2,5 mm at all pointsand in all directions . If
the reflecting surface projects beyond the protective housing, the
radiusof curvature ‘c’ on the edge of the projecting part mus t be not
less than 2,5 mm and the reflecting surface must return into the
protective housing under a force of 50 N applied to the point of
greatest projection, relative to the protective housing, in a horizontal
direction, approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane of
the vehicle.
1.3. When the rear-view mirror is mounted on a plane surface, all parts,
irrespective of the adjustment position of the device, including those
parts remaining attached to the support after the test provided for in
4.2, which are in potential, static contact with a sphere either 165 mm
in diameter in the case of an interior rear-view mirror or 100 mm in
diameter in the case of an exterior rear-view mirror, must have a
radiusof curvature ‘c’ of not les sthan 2,5 mm.
1.3.1. Edges of fixing holes or recesses of which the diameter or longest
diagonal isles sthan 12 mm are exempt from the radiusrequirements
of item 1.3 provided that they are blunted.
1.4. The device for the attachment of rear-view mirrorsto the vehicle
must be so designed that a cylinder with a 50 mm radius, having as
its axis the axis, or one of the axes, of pivot or rotation which ensures
deflection of the rear-view mirror in the direction of impact
concerned, passes through at least part of the surface to which the
device isattached.
1.5. The partsof exterior rear-view mirrorsreferred to in items1.2 and 1.3
which are made of a material with a Shore A hardness not exceeding
60 are exempt from the relevant provisions.
1.6. In the case of those parts of interior rear-view mirrors which are made
of a material with a Shore A hardness of less than 50 and which are
mounted on a rigid support, the requirements of items 1.2 and 1.3
shall only apply to the support.
2. DIMENSIONS2.1.Interiorrear-view mirrors(ClassI)
The dimensions of the reflecting surface must be such that it is
possible to inscribe thereon a rectangle one side of which is 4 cm
and the other ‘a’ cm in length, where
a¼15 cm /C2
1
1þ1000
r
2.2.Mainexterior rear-view mirrors (ClassesIIandIII)
2.2.1. The dimensions of the reflecting surface must be such that it is
possible to inscribe therein:
— a rectangle 4 cm high the base length of which, measured in centi-
metres, has the value ‘a’;
— a segment which is parallel to the height of the rectangle and the
length of which, expressed in centimetres, has the value ‘b’.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 11
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2.2.2. The minimum valuesof ‘a’ and ‘b’ are given in the table below:
Class of
rear-view
mirrorCategoriesof vehiclesfor which the rear-view mirrors
are designedab
II M2,M3,N2and N317
1þ1 000
r20
III M1and N1
N3(if the requirementsof item 2.1.3 of Annex
III are applicable)13
1þ1 000
r7
2.3.‘Wide-angle’exterior rear-viewmirrors (ClassIV)
The contours of the reflecting surface must be of simple geometric
form and its dimensions such that it provides, if necessary in conjunc-
tion with a Class II exterior rear-view mirror, the field of vision
specified in item 5.4 of Annex III.
2.4.‘Close-proximity’exterior rear-view mirrors (ClassV)
The contours of the reflecting surface must be of simple geometric
form and its dimensions such that the mirror provides the field of
vision specified in item 5.5 of Annex III.
3. REFLECTING SURFACE AND COEFFICIENTS OF REFLECTION
3.1. The reflecting surface of a rear-view mirror must be either flat or
spherically convex.
3.2.Differencesbetweentheradiiofcurvature
3.2.1. The difference between rior r′iand rpat each reference point must not
exceed 0,15 r.
3.2.2. The difference between any of the radii of curvature (rp1,rp2and rp3)
and r must not exceed 0,15 r.
3.2.3. When r isnot les sthan 3 000 mm, the value of 0,15 r quoted in items
3.2.1 and 3.2.2 isreplaced by 0,25 r.
3.3. The value of ‘r’ must not be less than:
3.3.1. 1 200 mm for interior rear-view mirrors (Class I) and Class III main
exterior rear-view mirrors;
3.3.2. 1 800 mm for Class II main exterior rear-view mirrors;
3.3.3. 400 mm for ‘wide-angle’ exterior rear-view mirrors(Clas sIV) and
‘close-proximity’ exterior rear-view mirrors (Class V).
3.4. The value of the normal coefficient of reflection, asdetermined
according to the method described in Appendix I to this Annex,
must be not less than 40 %.
If the reflecting surface has two positions (‘day’ and ‘night’) the ‘day’
position must allow the colours of the signals used for road traffic to
be recognized. The value of the normal coefficient of reflection in the
‘night’ position must be not less than 4 %.
3.5. The reflecting surface must retain the characteristics laid down in
item 3.4 in spite of prolonged exposure to adverse weather conditions
in normal use.
4. TESTS
4.1. Rear-view mirrors shall be subjected to the tests described in items
4.2 and 4.3.
4.1.1. The test provided for in item 4.2 shall not be required in the case of
any exterior rear-view mirror of which no part isles sthan 2 m from
the ground, regardless of the adjustment position, when the vehicle is
under a load corresponding to its maximum technically permissible
weight.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 12
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Thisderogation als o appliesto the attachmentsof rear-view mirrors
(attachment plates, arms, swivel joints, etc.) which are situated less
than 2 m from the ground and which do not project beyond the
overall width of the vehicle, measured in the transverse plane passing
through the lowest rear-view mirror attachments or any other point
forward of thisplane if thisconfiguration producesa greater overall
width.
In such cases, a description specifying that the rear-view mirror must
be mounted so as to conform with the abovementioned conditions for
the positioning of its attachments on the vehicle must be provided.
Where advantage istaken of thisderogation, the arm s hall be indel-
ibly marked with the symbol
 and the type-approval certificate
shall be endorsed to this effect.
4.2.Impacttest
4.2.1. Description of the test rig
4.2.1.1. The test rig consists of a pendulum capable of swinging about two
horizontal axesat right anglesto each other, one of which isperpen-
dicular to the plane containing the ‘release’ trajectory of the
pendulum.
The end of the pendulum comprises a hammer formed by a rigid
sphere with a diameter of 165 ± 1 mm having a 5-mm-thick rubber
covering of Shore A hardness 50.
A device isprovided which permitsdetermination of the maximum
angle assumed by the arm in the plane of release.
A support firmly fixed to the structure of the pendulum serves to hold
the specimens in compliance with the impact requirements specified
in item 4.2.2.6.
Figure 1 below gives the dimensions of the test rig and the special
design specifications.
Figure 11971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 13
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4.2.1.2. The centre of percussion of the pendulum coincides with the centre of
the sphere which forms the hammer. It is at a distance ‘1’ from the
axis of oscillation in the release plane which is equal to 1 m ± 5 mm.
The reduced mass of the pendulum is mo= 6,8 ± 0,05 kilograms(the
relationship of ‘m’ to the total mass ‘m’ of the pendulum and to the
distance ‘d’ between the centre of gravity of the pendulum and its
axis of rotation is expressed in the equation:
m0¼md
1Þ
4.2.2. Description of the test
4.2.2.1. The procedure used to clamp the rear-view mirror to the support shall
be that recommended by the manufacturer of the device or, where
appropriate, by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.2.2.2. Positioning of the rear-view mirror for the test
4.2.2.2.1. Rear-view mirrors shall be positioned on the pendulum impact rig
such that the axes which are horizontal and vertical when the rear-
view mirror isins talled on a vehicle in accordance with the appli-
cant's mounting instructions are in a similar position.
4.2.2.2.2. When a rear-view mirror is adjustable with respect to the base, the
test position shall be that in which any pivoting device is least likely
to operate, within the limitsof adjus tment provided by the applicant.
4.2.2.2.3. When the rear-view mirror has a device for adjusting its distance
from the base, the device must be set in the position in which the
distance between the housing and the base is shortest.
4.2.2.2.4. When the reflecting surface is mobile in the housing, it shall be so
adjusted that the upper corner which is furthest from the vehicle is
in the position of greatest projection relative to the housing.
4.2.2.3. Except in the case of test 2 for interior rear-view mirrors (see item
4.2.2.6.1), when the pendulum isin a vertical pos ition the horizontal
and longitudinal vertical planes passing through the centre of the
hammer shall pass through the centre of the reflecting surface as
defined in item 10 of Annex I. The longitudinal direction of oscilla-
tion of the pendulum shall be parallel to the longitudinal median
plane of the vehicle.
4.2.2.4. When, under the conditionsgoverning adjus tment laid down in items
4.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.2 partsof the rear-view mirror limit the return of the
hammer, the point of impact must be displaced in a direction perpen-
dicular to the axisof rotation or pivoting in ques tion.
The displacement must be no greater than is strictly necessary for the
execution of the test; it must be limited in such a way that:
— either the sphere delimiting the hammer remains at least tangential
to the cylinder asdefined in paragraph 1.4;
— or the point of contact with the hammer islocated at leas t 10 mm
from the periphery of the reflecting surface.
4.2.2.5. The test consists in allowing the hammer to fall from a height corre-
sponding to a pendulum angle of 60º from the vertical so that the
hammer strikes the rear-view mirror at the moment when the
pendulum reachesthe vertical pos ition.
4.2.2.6. The rear-view mirrorsare s ubjected to impact under the following
different conditions:
4.2.2.6.1. Interior rear-view mirrors
Test 1: The points of impact shall be as defined in item 4.2.2.3. The
impact must be such that the hammer strikes the rear-view mirror on
the reflecting surface side.
Test 2: Point of impact on the edge of the protective housing, such
that the impact produced makesan angle of 45 º with the plane of
the reflecting surface and is situated in the horizontal plane passing
through the centre of that surface. The impact must occur on the
reflecting surface side.
4.2.2.6.2. Exterior rear-view mirrors
Test 1: The point of impact shall be as defined in item 4.2.2.3 or
4.2.2.4. The impact must be such that the hammer strikes the rear-
view mirror on the reflecting surface side.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 14
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Test 2: The point of impact shall be as defined in item 4.2.2.3 or
4.2.2.4. The impact must be such that the hammer strikes the rear-
view mirror on the side opposite to the reflecting surface.
Where Class II or III rear-view mirrors are fixed to the same
mounting as Class IV rear-view mirrors, the abovementioned tests
shall be executed on the lower mirror. Nevertheless, the technical
service responsible for testing may repeat one or both of these tests
on the upper mirror if thisisles sthan 2 m from the ground.
4.3.Bendingtestontheprotective housingfixedtothestem
4.3.1. This test shall be performed on all rear-view mirrors with the excep-
tion of those in Class V.
4.3.2. Description of the test
The protective housing is placed horizontally in a device in such a
way that the adjustment parts of the mounting can be clamped
securely. In the direction of the greatest dimension of the housing,
the end nearest to the point of fixing on the adjustment part is immo-
bilized by meansof a fixed s top 15 mm wide covering the entire
width of the housing.
At the other end, a stop identical to the one described above is placed
on the housing so that the specified test load can be applied to it
(Figure 2).
The end of the housing opposite that at which the force is applied
may be clamped instead of simply blocked, as shown in Figure 2.
Exampleofbending-testapparatusforrear-view mirror holders
Figure 2
4.3.3. The test load is 25 kilograms. It is applied for one minute.
5. RESULTS OF THE TEST
5.1. In the tests described in item 4.2, the pendulum must continue to
swing after impact in such a way that the projection of the position
assumed by the arm on the plane of release makes an angle of at least
20 º with the vertical.
The accuracy of measurement of the angle shall be within ± 1 º.
5.1.1. Thisrequirement isnot applicable to rear-view mirrorss tuck to the
windscreen, in respect of which the requirement stipulated in item
5.2 shall apply after the test.
5.1.2. The required pendulum angle of return to the vertical isreduced from
20 º to 10 º for all Class II rear-view mirrors and for Class III rear-
view mirrorswhich are fitted on the mounting normally us ed with
Class IV rear-view mirrors.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 15
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5.2. Should the mounting of the rear-view mirror break during the tests
described in item 4.2. for rear-view mirrors stuck to the windscreen,
the part remaining must not project beyond the base by more than
1 cm and the configuration remaining after the test must satisfy the
conditionslaid down in item 1.3.
5.3. The reflecting surface must not break during the tests described in
items4.2 and 4.3. However breakage of the reflecting s urface will
be allowed if one of the following conditionsisfulfilled:
5.3.1. the fragments of glass still adhere to the back of the housing or to a
surface firmly attached to the housing; partial separation of the glass
from its backing is admissible provided this does not exceed 2,5 mm
on either side of the cracks. It is permissible for small splinters to
become detached from the surface of the glass at the point of impact;
5.3.2. the reflecting surface is made of safety glass.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 16
▼M2
Appendix 1 to Annex II
TESTMETHODFORDETERMININGREFLECTIVITY
1. DEFINITIONS
1.1. CIE standard illuminant A(1): Colorimetric illuminant, respecting the full
radiator at T68= 2855,6 K.
1.2. CIE standard source A (1): Gas-filled tungsten filament lamp operating at a
correlated colour temperature of T68= 2855,6 K.
1.3. CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer (1): Receptor of radiation whose
colorimetric characteristics correspond to the spectral tristimulus values /C22xx
(λ),y/C0(λ),/C22zz(λ) (see table).
1.4. CIE spectral tristimulus values (1): Tristimulus values of the spectral
components of an equi-energy spectrum in the CIE (XYZ) system.
1.5. Photopic vision (1): Vision by the normal eye when it is adapted to levels of
luminance of at least several candelas per square metre.
2. APPARATUS2.1.General
The apparatus shall consist of a light source, a holder for the test sample, a
receiver unit with a photo-detector and an indicating meter (see Figure 1),
and meansof eliminating the effectsof extraneouslight.
The receiver may incorporate a light-integrating sphere to facilitate
measuring the reflectance of non-flat (convex) mirrors (see Figure 2).
2.2.Spectralcharacteristics oflightsourceandreceiver
The light source shall consist of a CIE standard source A and associated
opticsto provide a near-collimated light beam. A voltage s tabilizer is
recommended in order to maintain a fixed lamp voltage during instrument
operation.
The receiver shall have a photodetector with a spectral response propor-
tional to the photopic luminosity function of the CIE (1931) standard
colorimetric observer (see table). Any other combination of illuminant-
filter-receptor giving the overall equivalent of CIE standard illuminant A
and photopic vision may be used. When an integrating sphere is used in
the receiver, the interior surface of the sphere shall be coated with a matt
(diffusive) spectrally non-selective white coating.
2.3.Geometrical conditions
The angle of the incident beam ( Θ)should preferably be 0,44 ± 0,09 rad
(25 ± 5º) from the perpendicular to the test surface and shall not exceed
the upper limit of the tolerance (i.e. 0,53 rad or 30º). The axisof the
receptor shall make an angle ( Θ)with thisperpendicular equal to that of
the incident beam (see Figure 1). The incident beam upon arrival at the
test surface shall have a diameter of not less than 19 mm (0,75 in.). The
reflected beam shall not be wider than the sensitive area of the photode-
tector, shall not cover less than 50 % of such area, and as nearly as
possible shall cover the same area segment as used during instrument cali-
bration.
When an integrating sphere is used in the receiver section, the sphere shall
have a minimum diameter of 127 mm (5 in.). The sample and incident
beam apertures in the sphere wall shall be of such a size as to admit the
entire incident and reflected light beams. The photodetector shall be so
located asnot to receive direct light from either the incident or the
reflected beam.
2.4.Electrical characteristicsofthephotodetector-indicatorunit
The photodetector output asread on the indicating meter s hall be a linear
function of the light intensity of the photsensitive area. Means (electrical
and/or optical) shall be provided to facilitate zeroing and calibration adjust-1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 17
(1) Definitionstaken from CIE publication 50 (45), International Electronical Vocabulary,
Group 45: Lighting.
▼M2
ments. Such means shall not affect the linearity or the spectral characteris-
tics of the instrument. The accuracy of the receptor-indicator unit shall be
within ± 2 % of full scale, or ± 10 % of the magnitude of the reading,
whichever isthe s maller.
2.5.Sampleholder
The mechanism shall be capable of locating the test sample so that the axes
of the source arm and receptor intersect at the reflecting surface. The
reflecting surface may lie within or at either face of the mirror sample,
depending on whether it is a first-surface, second-surface or prismatic
‘flip’-type mirror.
3. PROCEDURE
3.1.Directcalibrationmethod
In the direct calibration method, air is used as the reference standard. This
method is applicable for those instruments which are so constructed as to
permit calibration at the 100 % point by swinging the receiver to a position
directly on the axis of the light source (see Figure 1).
It may be desired in some cases (such as when measuring low-reflectivity
surfaces) to use an intermediate calibration point (between 0 and 100 % on
the scale) with this method. In these cases, a neutral density filter of known
transmittance shall be inserted in the optical path, and the calibration
control shall then be adjusted until the meter reads the percentage transmis-
sion of the neutral density filter. This filter shall be removed before
reflectivity measurements are performed.
3.2.Indirectcalibrationmethod
The indirect calibration method is applicable in the case of instruments
with fixed source and receiver geometry. A properly calibrated and main-
tained reflectance standard is required. This reference standard should
preferably be a flat mirror with a reflectance value asnear aspos s ible to
that of the test samples.
3.3.Flatmirrormeasurement
The reflectance of flat mirror samples can be measured on instruments
employing either the direct or the indirect calibration method. The reflec-
tance value isread directly from the indicating meter.
3.4.Non-flat(convex)mirror measurement
Measurement of the reflectance of non-flat (convex) mirrors requires the
use of instruments which incorporate an integrating sphere in the receiver
unit (see Figure 2). If the instrument indicating meter indicates nedivisions
with a standard mirror of E % reflectance, then, with a mirror of unknown
reflectance, nxdivisions will correspond to a reflectance of X %, in accor-
dance with the formula:
X¼Enx
ne1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 18
▼M2
Figure 1. Generalized reflectometer showing geometries for the two calibration
methods
Figure 2. Generalized reflectometer incorporating an integrating sphere in the
receiver1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 19
▼M2
Spectral tristimulus values for the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric
observer (1)
Thistable istaken from CIE publication 50 (45) (1970)
λ
nm/C22xx(λ) /C22yy(λ) /C22zz(λ)
380 0,001 4 0,000 0 0,006 5
390 0,004 2 0,000 1 0,020 1
400 0,014 3 0,000 4 0,067 9
410 0,043 5 0,001 2 0,207 4
420 0,134 4 0,004 0 0,645 6430 0,283 9 0,011 6 1,385 6
440 0,348 3 0,023 0 1,747 1
450 0,336 2 0,038 0 1,772 1
460 0,290 8 0,060 0 1,669 2
470 0,195 4 0,091 0 1,287 6
480 0,095 6 0,139 0 0,813 0490 0,032 0 0,208 0 0,465 2
500 0,004 9 0,323 0 0,272 0
510 0,009 3 0,503 0 0,158 2520 0,063 3 0,710 0 0,078 2
530 0,165 5 0,862 0 0,042 2
540 0,290 4 0,954 0 0,020 3
550 0,433 4 0,995 0 0,008 7
560 0,594 5 0,995 0 0,003 9570 0,762 1 0,952 0 0,002 1580 0,916 3 0,870 0 0,001 7
590 1,026 3 0,757 0 0,001 1
600 1,062 2 0,631 0 0,000 8
610 1,002 6 0,503 0 0,000 3
621 0,854 4 0,381 0 0,000 2630 0,642 4 0,265 0 0,000 0640 0,447 9 0,175 0 0,000 0
650 0,283 5 0,107 0 0,000 0
660 0,164 9 0,061 0 0,000 0
670 0,087 4 0,032 0 0,000 0
680 0,046 8 0,017 0 0,000 0690 0,022 7 0,008 2 0,000 0
700 0,011 4 0,004 1 0,000 0
710 0,005 8 0,002 1 0,000 0720 0,002 9 0,001 0 0,000 0
730 0,001 4 0,000 5 0,000 0
740 0,000 7 0,000 2 (
2) 0,000 0
750 0,000 3 0,000 1 0,000 0
760 0,000 2 0,000 1 0,000 0
770 0,000 1 0,000 0 0,000 0780 0,000 0 0,000 0 0,000 0
(1) Abridged table. The valuesof /C22yy(λ)=V( λ)are rounded off to four decimal places.
(2) Changed in 1966 from 3 to 2.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 20
▼M2
Appendix 2 to Annex II
CONDITIONS GOVERNING THE EEC COMPONENT TYPE-
APPROVALANDMARKINGOFREAR-VIEWMIRRORS
1. APPLICATION FOR EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL
1.1. Application for EEC component type-approval for a type of rear-view
mirror shall be made by the holder of the trade mark or name, or by his
authorized representative.
1.2. For each type of rear-view mirror the application shall be accompanied
by:
1.2.1. a technical description, specifying in particular the type(s) of vehicle for
which the rear-view mirror isintended;
1.2.2. sufficiently detailed drawings for identification of the rear-view mirror,
together with instructions for mounting: the drawings must show the
proposed position of the component type-approval number and the addi-
tional symbol in relation to the rectangle which forms part of the EEC
component type-approval mark;
1.2.3. four rear-view mirrors: three for use in the tests and one to be retained by
the laboratory for any further examination that might subsequently prove
necessary. Additional specimens may be called for at the request of the
laboratory.
2. INSCRIPTIONS
Specimensof a type of rear-view mirror s ubmitted for EEC component
type-approval must bear the applicant's clearly visible and indelible trade
mark or name and must allow sufficient space for the inscription of the
EEC component type-approval mark; this space must be indicated in the
diagramsreferred to in item 1.2.2.
3. EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL
3.1. EEC component type-approval shall be granted and a component type-
approval number issued in respect of any rear-view mirror submitted in
accordance with the provisions of item 1 above which satisfies the
requirementsof items1 to 5 of Annex II.
3.2. This number shall not be assigned to any other type of rear-view mirror.
4. MARKING
4.1. Any rear-view mirror conforming to a type in respect of which compo-
nent type-approval has been granted pursuant to this Directive shall bear
an EEC component type-approval mark.
4.2. The EEC component type-approval mark shall consist of a rectangle
surrounding the lower case letter ‘e’ followed by the distinguishing
letter(s) or number of the Member State which has granted the compo-
nent type-approval: 1 for Germany, 2 for France, 3 for Italy, 4 for the
Netherlands, 6 for Belgium, 11 for the United Kingdom, 13 for Luxem-
bourg, 18 for Denmark, IRL for Ireland, GR for Greece. It must also
include in the vicinity of the rectangle the EEC component type-approval
number. This number shall consist of the component type-approval
number shown on the certificate completed for the type (see Appendix
3), preceded by two figures indicating the sequence number of the latest
amendment to Council Directive 71/127/EEC on the date EEC compo-
nent type-approval wasgranted. The amendment s equence number and
the component type-approval number shown on the certificate shall be
separated by an asterisk. In this Directive the sequence number is 02.
4.3. The EEC component type-approval mark shall be completed by the addi-
tion of the symbol I or II or III or IV or V, specifying the class to which
the type of rear-view mirror belongs. The additional symbol shall be
placed in any convenient position in the vicinity of the rectangle
containing the letter ‘e’.
4.4. The EEC component type-approval mark and the additional symbol shall
be indelibly inscribed on an integral part of the rear-view mirror in such a
way asto be clearly vis ible even after the rear-view mirror hasbeen
mounted on a vehicle.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 21
▼M2
4.5. Four examplesof EEC component type-approval marks , completed by the
additional symbol are given below.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 22
▼M2
Examples of EEC component type-approval marks and the additional
symbol
Example No 1
The rear-view mirror bearing the EEC component type-approval mark shown
above isa Clas sI mirror (interior rear-view), which hasbeen type-approved in
France (e2) under the number 02 * 35.
Example No 2
The rear-view mirror bearing the EEC component type-approval mark shown
above isa Clas sII mirror (exterior rear-view), which hasbeen type-approved
in the Netherlands(e4) under the number 02 * 187.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 23
▼M2
Example No 3
The rear-view mirror bearing the EEC component type-approval mark shown
above is a Class V mirror (exterior rear-view ‘reversing’) which has been type-
approved in Greece (eGR) under the number 02 * 39.
Example No 4
The rear-view mirror bearing the EEC component type-approval mark shown
above isa Clas sIV mirror (exterior rear-view ‘wide-angle’), which hasbeen
type-approved in Italy (e3) under the number 02 * 1248.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 24
▼M2
Appendix 3 to Annex II
MODEL EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A REAR-VIEW
MIRROR
1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 25
▼M2
ANNEX III
REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING THE FITTING OF REAR-VIEW
MIRRORSTOVEHICLES
1. GENERAL
1.1. Rear-view mirrors must be fitted in such a way that the mirror does not
move so as significantly to change the field of vision as measured or
vibrate to an extent which would cause the driver to misinterpret the
nature of the image perceived.
1.2. The conditionslaid down in item 1.1 mus t be maintained when the
vehicle is moving at speeds of up to 80 % of its maximum design
speed, but not exceeding 150 km/h.
2. NUMBER2.1.Minimumnumberofcompulsoryrear-view mirrors
2.1.1. The fields of vision specified in item 5 must be provided by the
minimum number of compulsory rear-view mirrors given in the
following table:1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 26
Vehicle categoryInterior rear-view mirrors
Class IExterior rear-view mirrors
Main rear-view mirrors Wide-angle rear-view
mirrors
Class IVClose-proximity rear-view
mirrors
Class V Class II Class III
M1I
(see item 2.1.2)—
(see item 2.1.2.3)I
on the off-side of the
vehicle (but see item
2.2.1 of thisAnnex)——
M2—2
(1 on the left and 1
on the right)—— —
(see items 2.2.2 and
3.7)
M3—2
(1 on the left and 1
on the right)—— —
(see items 2.2.2 and
3.7)
N1I
(see item 2.1.2)—
(see item 2.1.2.3)I
on the off-side of the
vehicle (but see item
2.2.1 of thisAnnex)——
N2—
(see item 2.2.3)2
(1 on the left and 1
on the right)——
(see item 2.2.4)—
(see items 2.2.2 and
3.7)
Rigid lorrieswith or
without trailer
N3
Articulated tractors—
(see item 2.2.3)2
(1 on the left and 1
on the right)——
(see item 2.2.4)1
(see item 3.7)
—
(see item 2.2.3)2
(1 on the left and 1
on the right)—
(see item 2.1.3)11
(see item 3.7)▼M21971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 27
▼M2
2.1.2. Nevertheless, in the case of vehicles in categories M1and N1:
2.1.2.1. if the interior rear-view mirror does not satisfy the requirements laid
down in item 5.2, a second exterior rear-view mirror must be fitted to
the side of the vehicle opposite that of the compulsory rear-view mirror
referred to in item 2.1.1 above;
2.1.2.2. if the interior rear-view mirror doesnot provide any rearward vis ion, its
presence shall not be required;
2.1.2.3. Class II exterior rear-view mirrors are admissible.2.1.3. Nevertheless, if the design of category N
3vehiclesmakesit technically
impossible to obtain the fields of vision specified in items 5.3.2.2 and
5.4 when a Class IV rear-view mirror is fitted to the same mounting as
a Class II rear-view mirror, the latter may be replaced by a Class III
rear-view mirror.
Thisderogation s hall apply only until 1 October 1992.
2.2.Maximumnumberofoptionalrear-view mirrors
2.2.1. In the case of vehicles of category M1and N1, an exterior rear-view
mirror may be fitted on the side of the vehicle opposite to that on
which the compulsory exterior rear-view mirror referred to in item
2.1.1 isfitted.
2.2.2. A Class V exterior rear-view mirror may be fitted to vehicles in cate-
goriesM2,M3and N2.
2.2.3. An interior rear-view mirror may be fitted to vehiclesin categoriesN2and N3.
2.2.4. A Class IV exterior rear-view mirror may be fitted to category N2and
N3vehiclesother than articulated tractors .
2.2.5. The rear-view mirrors referred to in items 2.2.1 to 2.2.4 must satisfy the
requirementsof thisDirective.
Nevertheless, the provisions of item 5 of this Annex shall not apply to
the rear-view mirrorsreferred to in item 2.2.3.
2.2.6. The provisions of this Directive do not apply to the surveillance rear-
view mirrors defined in item 4 of Annex I. Nevertheless, these rear-
view mirrors must be mounted at least 2 m above the ground when
the vehicle is under a load corresponding to its maximum permissible
all-up weight.
3. POSITION
3.1. Rear-view mirrors must be so placed that the driver, when sitting on the
driving seat, in a normal driving position, has a clear view of the road
to the rear and side(s) of the vehicle.
3.2. Exterior rear-view mirrors shall be visible through the side windows or
through the portion of the windscreen that is swept by the windscreen
wiper. Nevertheless, for design reasons this provision shall not apply to
exterior rear-view mirrorsfitted on the right s ide of vehiclesof cate-
goriesM2and M3in Member Stateswith right-hand rule of the road
and on the left side of vehicles of the same categories in Member States
with left-hand rule of the road.
3.3. In the case of any vehicle which is in chassis/cab form when the field
of vision is measured, the minimum and maximum body widths shall be
stated by the manufacturer and, if necessary, simulated by dummy
headboards. All vehicles and mirror configurations taken into considera-
tion during the tests shall be shown on the EEC type-approval
certificate for a vehicle with regard to the installation of rear-view
mirrors(s ee Appendix).
3.4. The prescribed exterior rear-view mirror on the driver's side of the
vehicle must be so located that an angle of not more than 55º is formed
between the vertical longitudinal median plane of the vehicle and the
vertical plane passing through the centre of the rear-view mirror and
through the centre of the straight line 65 mm long which joins the
driver'stwo ocular points .
3.5. Rear-view mirrorsmus t not project beyond the external bodywork of
the vehicle substantially more than is necessary to comply with the
requirementsconcerning fieldsof vis ion laid down in item 5.
3.6. Where the lower edge of an exterior rear-view mirror isles sthan 2 m
above the ground when the vehicle isloaded to itsmaximum permis -1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 28
▼M2
sible all-up weight, this rear-view mirror must not project more than
0,20 m beyond the overall width of the vehicle measured without rear-
view mirrors.
3.7. Class V rear-view mirrors shall be mounted on vehicles in such a way
that, regardless of their position after adjustment, no part of these
mirrorsor their holdersisles sthan 2 m from the ground when the
vehicle is under a load corresponding to its maximum permissible all-
up weight.
These rear-view mirrors shall not, however, be mounted on vehicles the
cab height of which iss uch asto prevent compliance with thisrequire-
ment.
3.8. Subject to the requirementsof items3.5, 3.6 and 3.7, rear-view mirrors
may project beyond the permissible maximum widths of vehicles.
4. ADJUSTMENT
4.1. The interior rear-view mirror must be capable of being adjusted by the
driver from hisdriving pos ition.
4.2. The exterior rear-view mirror situated on the driver's side must be
capable of being adjusted from inside the vehicle while the door is
closed, although the window may be open. The mirror may, however,
be locked in position from the outside.
4.3. The requirementsof item 4.2 do not apply to exterior rear-view mirrors
which, after having been knocked out of alignment, can be returned to
their former position without the need for adjustment.
5. FIELDS OF VISION5.1.General
The fields of vision defined below must apply in respect of ambinocular
vision, the eyes being at the ‘driver's ocular points’ as defined in item
12 of Annex I above. The fields of vision shall be determined when the
vehicle isin running order asdefined in item 2.6 of Annex I to Direc-
tive 70/156/EEC and is carrying in addition one front-seat passenger,
the mass of the passenger being 75 kilograms ± 1 %. They must be
established through windows which have a total light transmission
factor of at least 70 % measured perpendicularly to the surface.
5.2.Interiorrear-view mirror(ClassI)
The field of vision must be such that the driver can see at least a 20-m-
wide, flat, horizontal portion of the road centred on the vertical longitu-
dinal median plane of the vehicle and extending from 60 m behind the
driver'socular points(Figure 3) to the horizon.
5.3.Mainexterior rear-view mirrors (ClassesIIandIII)
5.3.1. Left-hand exterior rear-view mirror for vehicles driven on the right of
the road and right-hand exterior rear-view mirror for vehicles driven
on the left of the road
5.3.1.1. The field of vision must be such that the driver can see at least a 2,50-
m-wide, flat, horizontal portion of the road, which isbounded on the
right (in the case of vehicles driven on the right), or on the left (in the
case of vehicles driven on the left) by the plane which is parallel to the
median longitudinal vertical plane passing through the outermost point
of the vehicle on the left (in the case of vehicles driven on the right), or
on the right (in the case of vehicles driven on the left) and extends from
10 m behind the driver'socular pointsto the horizon (Figures4 and 5).
5.3.2. Right-hand exterior rear-view mirror for vehicles driven on the right
and left-hand exterior rear-view mirror for vehicles driven on the left
5.3.2.1. In the case of category M
1vehiclesand category N1vehicleshaving a
maximum weight not exceeding 2 tonnes, the field of vision must be
such that the driver can see at least a 4-m-wide flat, horizontal portion
of the road which isbounded on the left (in the cas e of vehiclesdriven
on the right), or on the right (in the case of vehicles driven on the left)
by a plane parallel to the median longitudinal vertical plane passing
through the outermost point of the vehicle on the right (in the case of
vehiclesdriven on the right) or on the left (in the cas e of vehicles
driven on the left) and which extendsfrom 20 m behind the driver's
ocular pointsto the horizon (s ee Figure 4).1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 29
▼M2
5.3.2.2. In the case of vehicles other than those referred to in item 5.3.2.1
above, the field of vision must be such that the driver can see at least
a 3,50-m-wide, flat, horizontal portion of the road, which isbounded on
the left (in the case of vehicles driven on the right), or on the right (in
the case of vehicles driven on the left) by a plane parallel to the median
longitudinal vertical plane of the vehicle and passing through the outer-
most point of the vehicle on the right (in the case of vehicles driven on
the right) or on the left (in the case of vehicles driven on the left) and
which extendsfrom 30 m behind the driver'socular pointsto the
horizon.
In addition, the road must be visible to the driver over a width of
0,75 m, from a point 4 m behind the vertical plane passing through
the driver'socular points(Figure 5).
5.4.‘Wide-angle’exterior rear-view mirror(ClassIV)
5.4.1. The field of vision must be such that the driver can see at least a 12,50-
m-wide, flat, horizontal portion of the road, which isbounded on the
left (in the case of vehicles driven on the right), or on the right (in the
case of vehicles driven on the left) by a plane parallel to the median
longitudinal vertical plane of the vehicle and passing through the outer-
most point of the vehicle on the right (in the case of vehicles driven on
the right) or on the left (in the case of vehicles driven on the left) and
which extendsfrom at leas t 15 m to 25 m behind the driver'socular
points. In addition, the road must be visible to the driver over a width
of 2,5 m, from a point 3 m behind the vertical plane passing through
the driver'socular points(s ee Figure 6).
5.5.‘Close-proximity’exterior rear-view mirror (ClassV)
The field of vision must be such that the driver can see a flat horizontal
portion of the road along the side of the vehicle, bounded by the
following vertical planes(s ee Figures7a and 7b):
5.5.1. the plane parallel to the median longitudinal vertical plane of the
vehicle which passes through a point 0,2 m beyond the outermost point
of the vehicle cab on the right (in the case of vehicles driven on the
right) or on the left (in the case of vehicles driven on the left);
5.5.2. in the transverse direction, the parallel plane passing at a distance of 1 m
in front of the plane mentioned in item 5.5.1;
5.5.3. to the rear, the plane parallel to the vertical plane passing through the
driver's ocular points and situated at a distance of 1,25 m behind that
plane;
5.5.4. to the front, the plane parallel to the vertical plane passing through the
driver's ocular points and situated at a distance of 1 m in front of that
plane. If the vertical transverse plane passing through the leading edge
of the vehicle bumper isles sthan 1 m in front of the vertical plane
passing through the driver's ocular points, the field of vision shall be
limited to that plane (see Figure 7b).
5.6. In the case of rear-view mirrors consisting of several reflecting surfaces
which are either of different curvature or make an angle with each
other, at least one of the reflecting surfaces must provide the field of
vision and have the dimensions (see item 2.2.2 of Annex II) specified
for the class to which they belong.
5.7.Obstructions
5.7.1. Interior rear-view mirror (Class I)
5.7.1.1. A reduction in the field of vision due to the presence of devices such as
head-restraints, sun-visors, rear window wipers and heating elements is
permissible, provided that all these devices together do not obscure
more than 15 % of the specified field of vision.
5.7.1.2. The degree of obstruction is measured with the headrests adjusted to
their lowest possible position and with the sun-visors folded back.
5.7.2. Exterior rear-view mirrors (Classes II, III, IV and V)
In the fields of vision specified above, obstruction due to the bodywork
and some of its components, such as door handles, outline marker
lights, direction indicators and the extremities of rear bumpers, as well
as reflective-surface cleaning components, shall not be taken into
account if they are responsible for a total obstruction of less than 10 %
of the specified field of vision.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 30
▼M2
5.8.Testprocedure
The field of vision shall be determined by placing powerful light
sources at the ocular points and examining the light reflected on the
vertical monitoring screen. Other, equivalent, methods may be used.1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 31
▼M2
Interiorrear-view mirror
Figure 31971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 32
▼M2
Mainexterior rear-view mirrors
Vehicle driven on the right of the road
Figure 4
Vehicle category M1
and category N1
not exceeding 2 tonnesin weight1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 33
▼M2
Figure 5
Vehiclesin categoriesother than M1
and N1
not exceeding 2 tonnesin weight1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 34
▼M2
Figure 6
Wide-angle rear-view mirror
Figure 7
‘Close-proximity’ exterior rear-view mirror1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 35
▼M2
Appendix to Annex III
ANNEX TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A VEHICLE WITH
REGARDTOTHEINSTALLATIONOFREAR-VIEWMIRRORS
(Articles4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of
the lawsof the Member Statesrelating to the type-approval of motor vehiclesand their trailers )
1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 36
▼M2
1971L0127 — EN — 21.03.1985 — 004.001 — 37