1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of27March1991
ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMember Statesrelatingtothespray-suppressionsystems
ofcertaincategories ofmotorvehicles andtheir trailers
(91/226/EEC)
(OJ L 103, 23.4.1991, p. 5)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►A1Act of Accession of Austria, Sweden and Finland C241 21 29.8.1994
(adapted by Council Decision 95/1/EC, Euratom, ECSC) L 1 1 1.1.1995
▼B
COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of27March1991
on the approximationof the lawsofthe Member States relating to
the spray-suppression systems of certain categories of motor vehi-
clesandtheir trailers
(91/226/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100a thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission(1),
In cooperation with the European Parliament(2),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social
Committee(3),
Whereas it is important to adopt measures with the aim of progres-
sively establishing the internal market over a period expiring on 31December 1992; whereas the internal market shall comprise an areawithout internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods,
persons, services and capital is ensured;
Whereas the technical requirements which certain categories of motor
vehicles and their trailers must satisfy pursuant to national laws relate,inter alia , to the spray-suppression systems of such motor vehicles;
Whereas these requirements differ from one Member State to another;
whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the same
requirements in order, in particular, to allow the implementation foreach type of vehicle of the EEC type-approval procedure which wasthe subject of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 onthe approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the
type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers(
4), as last amended
by Directive 87/403/EEC(5);
Whereas, with a view to improving road safety, it is important that all
commercial vehicles in higher weight categories and with a certainminimum design speed should be equipped with efficient spray-suppression systems in order to retain water;
Whereas it is desirable to establish a single performance test for
systems of this type on fitting to the various types of vehicles as ameans of markedly improving the situation; whereas for the EECcomponent type-approval of devices of this type account has beentaken of the two types of devices currently on the marked, i.e. the
energy-absorption type and the air/water separator type; whereas it has
been necessary to provide for two different tests depending on the typeof device to be approved;
Whereas, in the light of the studies, research and tests currently in
progress, a performance test on the types of vehicles fitted with these
devices will be established as soon as possible;
Whereas Member States should pay attention to the fact that the forma-
tion of spray depends also on the characteristics of the road surface, thetyre-tread configuration and the speed and aerodynamic characteristicsof the vehicle;
Whereas the approximation of national laws relating to motor vehicles
entails the mutual recognition by Member States of the inspectionscarried out by each of them on the basis of common requirements,1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 203, 14. 8. 1990, p. 16.
(2) OJ No C 96, 17. 4. 1990, p. 92 and Decision of 13 March 1991 (not yet
published in the Official Journal).
(3) OJ No C 62, 12. 3. 1990, p. 2.
(4) OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1.
(5) OJ No L 220, 8. 8. 1987, p. 44.
▼B
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
1. Member States shall grant EEC component type-approval for any
type of device, hereinafter referred to as ‘spray-suppression device’,
intended to reduce the projection of spray from tyres of moving vehi-
cles, if it satisfies the requirements regarding design and testing set outin Annex II and taking into account the definitions given in Annex I.
2. A Member State which has granted EEC component type-
approval shall take the measures required to verify, in so far as isnecessary and, if need be, in cooperation with the competent authoritiesof the other Member States, that production models conform to theapproved type. For this purpose the Member State shall apply therequirements of Annex IV.
Article 2
Member States shall, for each spray-suppression device which they
approve pursuant to Article 1, issue to the manufacturer or to his
authorized representative an EEC component type-approval markconforming to the model in Annex II, Appendix 3.
Member States shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the use of
marks liable to create confusion between spray-suppression deviceswhich have been approved pursuant to Article 1 and other devices.
Article 3
No Member State may prohibit the placing on the market of spray-
suppression devices on grounds relating to their construction andperformance if they bear the EEC component type-approval mark.
Nevertheless, this provision shall not prevent a Member State from
taking such measures with regard to spray-suppression devices bearingthe EEC component type-approval mark which consistently fail to
conform to the approved type.
The Member State concerned shall forthwith inform the other Member
States and the Commission of the measures taken, specifying the
reason for its decision. The provisions of Article 5 shall also apply.
Devices shall be deemed not to conform to the approved type, within
the meaning of the second paragraph, if the requirements of Annex IIhave not been respected.
Article 4
The competent authorities of each Member State shall, within one
month, send the competent authorities of the other Member Statescopies of the EEC component type-approval certificates issued foreach type of spray-suppression device which they approve or refuse toapprove.
Article 5
1. If the competent authorities of a Member State which has granted
EEC component type-approval find that spray-suppression devices
accompanied by certificates of conformity to a single type do not
conform to the type approved by that Member State, they shall takethe necessary measures to ensure that the conformity of productionmodels to the approved type is restored. They shall advise the compe-tent authorities of the other Member States of the measures taken,
which may extend to withdrawal of EEC component type-approval.
The said authorities shall take the same measures if they are informed
by the competent authorities of another Member State of such failure to
conform.
2. The competent authorities of the Member State shall, within one
month, inform each other of a withdrawal of EEC component type-approval, by forwarding a copy of the component type-approval certifi-1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 3
▼B
cate, signed and dated and bearing in large letters the words ‘EEC
TYPE-APPROVAL WITHDRAWN’, and adducing reasons for anysuch measure.
3. If the Member State which has granted the EEC component type-
approval challenges the alleged lack of conformity, the Member Statesconcerned shall endeavour to settle the disagreement. The Commissionshall be kept informed. Where necessary, it shall arrange for appro-priate discussions with a view of arriving at a solution.
Article 6
Any decision taken pursuant to the provisions adopted in implementa-
tion of this Directive to refuse or withdraw EEC component type-approval for spray-suppression devices or prohibit their placing on the
market or use shall set out in detail the reason on which it is based.
Such decision shall be notified to the party concerned, who shall atthe same time be informed of the remedies available to him under thelaws in force in the Member States and of the time limits laid down foravailing himself of such remedies.
Article 7
For the purposes of this Directive, ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle
in category N and any trailer in category O as defined in Annex I to
Directive 70/156/EEC.
Article 8
No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type-approval or national
type-approval for vehicles, or refuse or prohibit their sale, registration,
placing in service or use on grounds relating to their spray-suppressionsystem if these are fitted in accordance with the requirements of AnnexIII and if the spray-suppression devices with which the vehicles areequipped bear the EEC component type-approval mark.
Article 9
Any amendments necessary in order to adapt the requirements of the
Annexes to this Directive to take account of technical progress shall
be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13
of Directive 70/156/EEC.
Article 10
1. Member States shall bring into force the provisions necessary in
order to comply with this Directive by 10 April 1992. They shall forth-with inform the Commission thereof.
2. Member States shall communicate the main provisions of national
law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive to theCommission.
3. When Member States adopt the provisions referred to in para-
graph 1, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be
accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publi-cation. The methods of making such a reference shall be laid down bythe Member States.
Article 11
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 4
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LISTOFANNEXES
ANNEX I: Definitions
ANNEX II: Requirements relating to the EEC component type-approval of
spray-suppression devices
Appendix 1: Tests on spray-suppression devices of the energy
absorber type
Appendix 2: Tests on spray-suppression devices of the air/
water separator type.
Appendix 3: Model for the EEC component type-approval
mark
Appendix 4: Model for the EEC component type-approval
certificate
ANNEX III: Requirements relating to the EEC type-approval of a type of
vehicle with regard to the fitting of spray-suppression systems.
Appendix: Annex to the EEC type-approval certificate in
respect of a type of vehicle with regard to the
fitting of spray-suppression systems.
ANNEX IV: Conformity of production
Cessation of production.
FIGURES: (1 to 9)1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 5
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ANNEX I
DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions apply:
1.Spray-suppression system
‘Spray-suppression system’ means a system intended to reduce the pulveri-
zation of water thrown upwards by the tyres of a vehicle in motion. The
spray-suppression system is variously made up of a mudguard, rain flaps
and valances equipped with a spray-suppression device.
2.Mudguard
‘Mudguard’ means a rigid or semi-rigid component intended to trap the
water thrown upby tyres in motion and to direct it towards the ground.
Mudguards may entirely or partially form an integral part of the vehicle
bodywork or other parts of the vehicle such as the lower part of the load
platform, etc.
3.Rain flap
‘Rain flap’ means a flexible component mounted vertically behind the
wheel, on the lower part of the chassis or the loading surface, or on the
mudguard.
The rain flapmust also reduce the risk of small objects, in p articular
pebbles, being picked up from the ground by the tyres and thrown upwards
or sidewards towards other road users.
4.Spray-suppression device
‘Spray-suppression device’ means part of the spray-suppression system,
which may comprise:
4.1. Air/water separator
This is a component forming part of the valance and/or of the rain flap
through which air can pass whilst reducing pulverized water emissions.
4.2. Energy absorber
This is a component forming part of the mudguard and/or valance and/
or rain flapwhich absorbs the energy of water sp ray, thus reducing
pulverized water spray.
5.Outer valance
‘Outer valance’ means a component located approximately within a vertical
plane that is parallel to the longitudinal plane of the vehicle. It may form
part of a mudguard or of the vehicle bodywork.
6.Steered wheels
‘Steered wheels’ means the wheels actuated by the vehicle's steering
system.
7.Self-tracking axle
‘Self-tracking axle’ means an axle pivoted about a central point in such a
way that it can describe a horizontal arc. For the purpose of this Directive,
a self-tracking axle of the ‘pivot steering’ type is considered to be, and
treated as, an axle fitted with steered wheels.
8.Self-steered wheels
‘Self-steered wheels’ means wheels not actuated by the vehicle's steering
device, which may swivel through an angle not exceeding 20º owing to
the friction exerted by the ground.
9.Lifting axle
‘Lifting axle’ means an axle which can be lifted from the road during
normal vehicle use.
10.Unladen vehicle
‘Unladen vehicle’ means a bodied vehicle (or with one or more representa-
tive components) and, where appropriate, with coolant liquid, lubricants,fuel, tools, spare wheel, and driver having an estimated mass of 75 kg.
11.Tyre contact patch
‘Tyre contact patch’ means the part of the tyre, in contact with the road
(surface), which provides grip.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 6
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12.Type of spray-suppression device
‘Type of spray-suppression device’ means devices which do not differ with
respect to the following main characteristics:
— the physical principle adopted in order to reduce emissions (water-
energy absorption, air/water separator),
— materials,— shape,— dimensions (in so far as they may influence the behaviour of the mate-
rial).1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 7
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ANNEX II
REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO THE EEC COMPONENT TYPE-
APPROVALOFSPRAY-SUPPRESSIONDEVICES
0.General specifications
0.1. Spray-suppression devices must be constructed in such a way that they
operate properly when used normally on wet roads. Moreover, they must
incorporate no structural or manufacturing defect detrimental to their
proper functioning or behaviour.
1.Teststobecarried out
1.1. Depending on their physical operating principle spray-suppression
devices are subjected to the relevant tests as described in Appendices 1
and 2 and must deliver the results required in item 4 of those Appendices.
2.ApplicationforEECcomponenttype-approval
2.1. The application for EEC component type-approval of a type of spray-
suppression device is submitted by the manufacturer or by his authorized
representative.
2.2. For each type the application is accompanied by the following documents
in triplicate and by the following information and materials:
2.2.1. A technical description of the spray-suppression device indicating its
physical operating principle and the relevant test to which it must be
subjected, the materials used and one or more drawings in sufficient
detail and to an appropriate scale to enable this (or these) to be identified.
2.2.2. Four samples: three of which for tests and a fourth to be kept by the
laboratory for any subsequent verification. The test laboratory may
require further samples.
2.3. Markings
Each sample must be clearly and indelibly marked with the trade name or
mark and an indication of the type and include a space that is large
enough for the EEC component type-approval mark.
3.EECcomponenttype-approval
3.0. Before carrying out the procedures for granting EEC component type-
approval, the competent authority must check that the manufacturer has
effective systems for monitoring production conformity.
3.1. Where the samples that are representative of the type of device to be
type-approved pass the relevant tests as described in Appendices 1 or 2,
EEC component type-approval is issued for that type of spray-suppression
device.
3.2. A component type-approval number is assigned to each type of EEC
approved spray-suppression device.
3.3. Any spray-suppression device in conformity with a type approved
pursuant to this Directive must bear an EEC component type-approval
mark, so affixed as to be indelible and easily legible even when the
device is fitted to the vehicle.
3.4. The EEC component type-approval mark (a model for which is shown in
Appendix 3) consists of:
3.4.1. a rectangle surrounding the lower-case letter ‘e’, followed by the distin-
guishing letter(s) or number of the Member State which has granted the
EEC component type-approval:
1 for Germany, 2 for France, 3 for Italy, 4 for the Netherlands, 6 for
Belgium, 9 for Spain, 11 for the United Kingdom, 13 for Luxembourg,
18 for Denmark, 21 for Portugal, EL for Greece, IRL for Ireland ►A1,
12 for Austria, 17 for Finland and 5 for Sweden ◄;
3.4.2. the EEC component type-approval number (corresponding to the number
on the component type-approval certificate, a model for which is shown
in Appendix 4), which is placed close to the rectangle, either below the
letter ‘e’, or to the left or right of that letter. The digits of the component
type-approval number are placed on the same side of the letter ‘e’ and
face the same direction. The use of Roman numerals in component type-1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 8
▼B
approval numbers must be avoided in order to prevent any confusion with
other symbols;
3.4.3. the letter ‘A’ or the letter ‘S’, depending on whether the device is of the
energy-absorption type (A) or of the air/water separator type (S), located
in any position above and close to the rectangle.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 9
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Appendix 1
Testsonspray-suppressiondevicesoftheenergy-absorbertype
1.Principle
The aim of this test is to quantify the ability of a device to retain the water
directed against it by a series of jets. The test assembly is intended to
reproduce the conditions under which the device is to function when fitted
to a vehicle as regards the volume and speed of the water thrown up from
the ground by the tyre tread.
2.Equipment
See Figure 8 for a description of the test assembly. The tests are carried out
in a still-air environment.
3.Procedure
3.1. Secure a 500 (+ 0/− 5) mm wide, 750 mm high sample of the equipment to
be tested to the vertical frame of the testing equipment, making sure that
the sample lies well within the limits of the collector, and that no obstacle
is able to deflect the water, either before or after its impact.
3.2. Set the water flowrate at 0,675 (± 0,01) l/s and direct at least 90 l on to the
sample from a horizontal distance of 500 (± 2) mm (Figure 8).
3.3. Allow the water to trickle from the sample into the collector and calculate
the percentage (difference) between the quantity of water collected and the
quantity of water sprayed.
3.4. Repeat the test five times and calculate the average percentage amount of
water collected.
4.Results
4.1. The calculated average percentage of water collected during the five tests
must not be less than 70 % of the amount of water directed on to the
device.
4.2. If the highest and lowest percentages of water collected depart from the
average percentage by more than 5 %, the test is not valid and must be
repeated.
If even in the second test the highest and lowest percentages of water
recovered again depart from the average percentage by more that 5 %
and/or if the lower value does not satisfy the requirements of item 4.1,
approval is refused.
4.3. Where the vertical position of the device influences the results obtained,
the procedure described in items 3.1 and 3.4 must be repeated in the posi-
tions giving the highest and lowest percentage of water collected; the
requirements of item 4.2 remain in force.
The requirements of item 4.1 remain in force in order to give the result of
each test.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 10
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Appendix 2
Testonspray-suppressiondevices oftheair/water separatortype
1.Principle
This test is intended to determine the effectiveness of a porous material
intended to retain the water with which it has been sprayed by means of a
pressurized air/water pulverizer.
The equipment used for the test must simulate the conditions to which the
material would be submitted, with regard to the volume and speed of the
water sprays produced by the tyres, if it were fitted to a vehicle.
2.Equipment
2.1. The test assembly is as described in Figure 9.
3.Procedure
3.1. Secure a 305 × 100 mm sample vertically in the test assembly, check that
there is no space between the sample and the upper curved plate and that
the tray is properly in position. Fill the pulverizer tank with exactly one
litre of water and place this as described in the diagram.
3.2. The pulverizer must be regulated as follows:
pressure (at pulverizer): 5 bar + 10 % / − 0 %
flowrate: 1 litre/minute ± 5 secondspulverization: circular, roughly 50 mm in diameter at 200 mm from the
sample, nozzle 5 mm in diameter.
3.3. Pulverize until there is no more water mist and note the time taken. Let the
water flow out of the sample on to the tray for 60 seconds and measure the
volume of water collected. Measure the quantity of water left in the pulver-
izer tank. Calculate the percentage by volume of water collected versus the
volume of water pulverized.
3.4. Repeat the test five times and calculate the average percentage of the quan-
tity collected. Check before each test that the tray, pulverizer tank and
measuring vessel are dry.
3.5. During the test the ambient temperature must be 21 (± 3) ºC.
4.Results
4.1. The calculated average percentage of water collected at the end of five tests
must not be less than 85 % of the quantity of water sprayed on to the
device.
4.2. If the highest and lowest percentages of water collected vary by more than
5 % of the average percentage, the test is not valid and must be repeated.
If even in the second test the highest and lowest percentages of water
recovered again depart from the average percentage by more than 5 %,
and/or if the lower value does not satisfy the requirements of item 4.1,
approval is refused.
4.3. Where the vertical position of the device influences the results obtained,
the procedure described in items 3.1 and 3.4 must be repeated in the posi-
tions giving the highest and lowest percentages of water collected; the
requirements of item 4.2 remain in force.
The requirement of item 4.1 remain in force in order to give the results of
each test.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 11
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Appendix 3
ModelfortheEECcomponenttype-approvalmark
The spray-suppression device bearing the above EEC type-approval mark is a device of the energy-
absorption type (A), which has been approved in Spain (e 9) under number 148.
The figures used are only indicative.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 12
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Appendix 4
MODELFORTHEEECCOMPONENTTYPE-APPROVALCERTIFICATE
(Maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm)
1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 13
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ANNEX III
REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL OF A
TYPE OF VEHICLE WITH REGARDTO THE FITTING OF SPRAY-
SUPPRESSIONSYSTEMS
SCOPE
0.1. All category N2vehicles of a maximum mass exceeding 7,5 tonnes, and
all category N3,O3and O4vehicles must be constructed and/or fitted
with spray-suppression devices in such a way as to meet the require-
ments below.
0.2. The requirements laid down above relating to spray-suppression devices
as defined in section 4 of Annex I are not mandatory in the case of
chassis/cab vehicles, unbodied vehicles, ‘off-road’ vehicles as defined
in Directive 70/156/EEC, or vehicles in which the presence of spray-
suppression devices is incompatible with their use. However, if such
devices are fitted to these vehicles, they must conform to the require-
ments of this Directive.
APPLICATION FOR EEC TYPE-APPROVAL
1.1. The application for EEC type-approval of a vehicle type with regard to
the fitting of a spray-suppression system must be submitted by the
vehicle manufacturer or by his authorized representative.
1.2. It must be accompanied by the following documents in triplicate, and
by the following particulars:
1.2.1. a technical description of the spray-suppression system and one or more
sufficiently detailed drawings on a scale suitable for identification.
1.3. A vehicle representative of the vehicle type to be approved, fitted with
its spray-suppression system, must be submitted to the technical service
conducting the approval tests.
EEC TYPE-APPROVAL
2. A certificate conforming to the model shown in the Appendix must be
attached to the EEC type-approval certificate.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
3.Axles
3.1. Lifting axles
Where a vehicle is fitted with one or more lifting axles, the spray-
suppression system must cover all the wheels when the axle is lowered
and the wheels in contact with the ground when the axle is raised.
3.2. Self-tracking axles
Where a vehicle is fitted with a self-tracking axle, the spray-suppression
system must satisfy the conditions applicable to non-steered wheels if
mounted on the pivoting part. If not mounted on that part it must satisfy
the conditions that are applicable to steered wheels.
4.Positionofoutervalance
4.1. In the case of non-steered wheels distance ‘c’ between the longitudinal
plane tangential to the outer tyre wall, apart from any tyre bulge near
the ground, and the inner edge of the valance must not exceed 75 mm
unless the radius of the inner edge of the valance, as defined in items
7.2, 8.2 and 9.2, is less than 1,0 R, in which case it must not exceed
100 mm (Figure 1).
4.2. In the case of steered and self-steered wheels, distance ‘c’ must not
exceed 100 mm.
5.Stateofvehicle
For the checking of compliance with this Directive the vehicle must be
in the following state:
(a) it must be unladen and with the wheels in the straight-ahead posi-
tion;1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 14
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(b) in the case of semi-trailers, the loading surfaces must be horizontal;
(c) the tyres must be inflated to their normal pressure.
6.Spray-suppressionsystems
6.1. The spray-suppression system must meet the specifications set out in
item 7 or 9.
6.2. The spray-suppression system for non-steered or self-steered wheels
that are covered by the bodywork floor, or by the lower part of the
load platform, must meet either the specifications set out in item 7 or
9 or else those in item 8.
SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
7.Requirements concerning energy-absorption spray-suppression
systems for axles fitted with steered or self-steering or non-steered
wheels
7.1. Mudguards
7.1.1. The mudguards must cover the zone immediately above, ahead and
behind the tyre or tyres in the following manner:
(a) in the case of a single or multiple axle where distance ‘d’ (Figure
4) between the tyres fitted to the adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm,
the forward edge (C) must extend forwards to reach a line O—Z
where F15u (theta) = no more than 30º above the horizontal for
axles fitted with steering or self-steering wheels, and no more than
20º for axles fitted with non-steered wheels.
The rearmost edge (Figure 2) must extend downwards in such a
way as not to be more than 100 mm above a horizontal line passing
through the centre of the wheel;
(b) in the case of multiple axles where the distance ‘d’ between the
tyres fitted to the adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm, the
mudguard must be as shown in Figure 4a;
(c) the mudguard must possess a total width ‘q’ (Figure 1) at least
adequate to cover the entire width of the tyre ‘b’ or the entire width
of two tyres ‘t’ in the case of twin wheels, account being taken of
the extremes for the tyre/wheel unit specified by the manufacturer.
Dimensions ‘b’ and ‘t’ shall be measured at hub height, excluding
any markings, ribs, protective bands, etc., on the tyre walls.
7.1.2. The front side of the rear part of the mudguard must be fitted with a
spray-reduction device complying with the specifications set out in
Appendix 1 to Annex II. This material must cover the inside of the
mudguard upto a height determined by a straight line running from
the centre of the wheel and forming an angle of at least 30º with the
horizontal (Figure 3).
7.1.3. If the mudguards are made upof several comp onents when fitted, they
must not incorporate any aperture enabling spray to exit while the
vehicle is in motion.
7.2. Outer valances
7.2.1. In the case of single axles, or multiple axles where distance ‘d’ between
the tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm, the lower edge of the
outer valance may not be situated beyond the following distances and
radii, as measured from the centre of the wheel (Figure 2).
(a) Axles fitted with steered wheels or self-
steering wheels:/C148/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C149/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C150Rv≤1,5 RFrom the front edge (towards the front of the
vehicle)
(tipC at 30º)
To the rear edge (towards the rear of the
vehicle)
(tipA at 100 mm)
(b) Axles fitted with non-steered wheels:/C148/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C149/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C150Rv≤1,25 R From the front edge (tipC at 20º)
To the rear edge (tipA at 100 mm)1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 15
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where R is the radius of the tyre fitted to the vehicle, and Rv the
distance, expressed as a radius, at which the lower edge of the outer
valance is situated.
7.2.2. In the case of multiple axles where distance ‘d’ between the tyres on
adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm, the outer valances located in
the space between the axles must be located at the distances set out in
item 7.2.1 and must extend downwards in such a way as not to be more
than 150 mm above a horizontal line passing through the centre of the
wheels, or in such a way that the horizontal distance between their
lower extremities does not exceed 60 mm (Figure 4a).
7.2.3. The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45 mm, at
all points behind a vertical line passing through the centre of the wheel.
The depth of the valances may be gradually reduced in front of this
line.
7.2.4. No openings enabling spray to emerge when the vehicle is moving are
allowed in the outer valances or between the outer valances and the
other parts of the mudguards.
7.3. Rain flaps
7.3.1. The width of the flapmust fulfil the requirement for ‘q’ in item 7.1.1
(c), except where the flap is within the mudguards, in which case it
must be at least equal in width to the tread of the tyre.
7.3.2. The orientation of the flapmust be basically vertical.7.3.3. The maximum height of the bottom edge must not exceed 200 mm
(Figure 3).
This distance is increased to 300 mm in the case of the last axle where
the radial distance of the lower edge of the outer valancing, Rv, does
not exceed the dimensions of the radius of the tyres fitted to the wheels
on that axle.
7.3.4. The rain flapmust not be more than 300 mm from the rearmost edge of
the tyre, measured horizontally.
7.3.5. In the case of multiple axles where distance ‘d’ between the tyres on
adjacent axles is less than 250 mm, only the rear set of wheels must
be fitted with rain flaps. There must be a rain flap behind each wheel
when distance ‘d’ between the tyres on adjacent axles is at least 250 mm
(Figure 4b).
7.3.6. Rain flaps must not be deflected by more than 100 mm towards the rear
under a force of 3 N per 100 mm of flap width, applied to a point
located 50 mm above the lower edge of the flaps.
7.3.7. The whole of the front face of the part of the rain flap having the
minimum dimensions required must be fitted with a spray-suppression
device that meets the specifications set out in Annex II, Appendix 1.
7.3.8. No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between the lower
rear edge of the mudguard and the rain flaps.
7.3.9. Where the spray-suppression device meets the specifications relating to
rain flaps (item 7.3), no additional rain flap is required.
8.Requirements relating to spray-suppression systems fitted with
energy-absorption spray-suppression devices for certain axles that
arefittedwithnon-steeredorself-steeringwheels (see item 6.2)
8.1. Mudguards
8.1.1. Mudguards must cover the zone immediately above the tyre or tyres.
Their front and rear extremities must extend at least to the horizontal
plane that is tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or tyres (Figure 5).
However, the rear extremity may be replaced by the rain flap, in which
case this must extend to the upper part of the mudguard (or equivalent
component).
8.1.2. All of the inner rear part of the mudguard must be fitted with a spray-
suppression device that meets the requirements set out in Annex II,
Appendix 1.
8.2. Outer valances
8.2.1. In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the
adjacent tyres is at least 250 mm, the outer valance must cover the
surface extending from the lower to the upper part of the mudguard up
to a straight line formed by the tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 16
▼B
tyres and lying between the vertical plane formed by the tangent to the
front of the tyre and the mudguard or rain flaplocated behind the wheel
or wheels (Figure 5b).
In the case of multiple axles an outer valance must be located by each
wheel.
8.2.2. No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between the outer
valance and the inner part of the mudguard.
8.2.3. Where rain flaps are not fitted behind each wheel (see item 7.3.5), the
outer valance must be unbroken between the outer edge of the rain flap
to the vertical plane that is tangent to the point furthest to the front of
the tyre (Figure 5a) of the first axle.
8.2.4. The entire inner surface of the outer valance, the height of which must
not be less than 100 mm, must be fitted with an energy-absorption
spray-suppression device complying with the requirements of Annex II.
8.3. Rain flaps
These flaps must extend to the lower part of the mudguard and comply
with items 7.3.1 to 7.3.9.
9.Requirementsconcerningspray-suppressionsystemsfittedwithair/
water separator spray-suppression devices for axles with steered
andnon-steeredwheels
9.1. Mudguards
9.1.1. Mudguards must comply with the requirements of item 7.1.1 (c).
9.1.2. Mudguards for single or multiple axles where the distance between the
tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm must also comply with item
7.1.1 (a).
9.1.3. In the case, of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on
adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm the mudguards must also
conform to the model shown in Figure 7.
9.2. Outer valances
9.2.1. The lower edges of the outer valances must be fitted with air/water
separator spray-suppression devices complying with the requirements
of Annex II.
9.2.2. In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the
tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm, the lower edge of the spray-
suppression device fitted to the outer valance must have the following
maximum dimensions and radii, starting from the centre of the wheel
(Figures 6 and 7):
(a) Axles fitted with steered wheels or self-
steering wheels:/C148/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C149/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C150Rv≤1,05 Rfrom the front edge (towards the front of the
vehicle) (tipC at 30º)
to the rear edge (towards the rear of the
vehicle) (tipA at 100 mm)
(b) Axles fitted with non-steered wheels:/C148/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C149/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C147/C150Rv≤1,00 R from the front edge (tipC at 20º)
to the rear edge (tipA at 100 mm)
where R = is the radius of tyre fitted to the vehicle;
Rv = the radial distance from the lowest edge of the outer
valance to the centre of the wheel.
9.2.3. In the case of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on
adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm, the outer valances located in
the inter-axle spaces must follow the path specified in item 9.1.3, and
must extend downwards in such a way as not to be more than 100 mm
above a horizontal straight line passing through the wheel centres
(Figure 7).
9.2.4. The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45 mm, at
all points behind a vertical line passing through the centre of the wheel.
This depth may be gradually reduced in front of this line.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 17
▼B
9.2.5. No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed in the outer valances
or between the outer valances and the mudguards.
9.3. Rain flaps
9.3.1. Rain flaps must:
(a) comply with item 7.3 (Figure 3); or
(b) comply with items 7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.5, 7.3.8 and 9.3.2 (Figure 6).
9.3.2. Spray suppression equipment complying with the specifications set out
in Annex II, Appendix 2, must be fitted to the rain flaps referred to in
item 9.3.1 (b), at least along the full edge.
9.3.2.1. The lower edge of the spray-suppression device must be not more than
200 mm from the ground.
9.3.2.2. The spray-suppression device must be at least 100 mm deep.9.3.2.3. Apart from the lower part, which includes the spray-suppression device,
the rain flapas referred to in item 9.3.1 (b) must not bend by more than
100 mm towards the rear under the effect of a force of 3 N per 100 mm
of width of the rain flapmeasured at the intersection of the rain flap
with the spray-suppression device in its working position, applied at a
distance of 50 mm above the lower edge of the rain flap.
9.3.3. The rain flapmust not be more than 200 mm from the rearmost edge of
the tyre, measured horizontally.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 18
▼B
Appendix
MODEL
(Maximum format: A4 (210 mm × 297 mm)
ANNEX TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE IN RESPECT OF A TYPE OF
VEHICLEWITHREGARDTOTHEFITTINGOFSPRAY-SUPPRESSIONSYSTEMS
(Articles 4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of
the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers)
1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 19
▼B
ANNEX IV
CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTION
CESSATIONOFPRODUCTION
1.Conformityofproduction
1.1. Any spray-suppression device bearing the EEC component type-approval
mark must conform to the type that has been approved. The authority
issuing the EEC type-approval mark keeps one sample which, together
with the EEC component type-approval certificate, may be used to estab-
lish whether the devices marketed which bear the EEC component type-
approval mark meet the stated requirements.
1.2. A type of device is defined by the model and descriptive documents lodged
at the time of application for EEC component type-approval. Devices
whose characteristics are identical to those of the pattern device and whose
other components do not differ from those of the pattern device except for
variants not affecting the properties referred to in this Annex may be
considered as belonging to the same type.
1.3. The manufacturer carries out routine checks in order to guarantee the
conformity of production of the type that has been approved.
To this end the manufacturer must:
— either have available a laboratory which is sufficiently well-equipped
for the execution of the essential tests, or
— have the production-conformity tests carried out by an approved labora-
tory.
The results of the production conformity checks are made available for
inspection by the competent authorities for at least one year.
1.4. The competent authorities may also conduct spot checks.
1.5. Conformity of production with the type of device that has been approved
must be checked under the conditions and in accordance with the methods
provided for in Annex II.
At the request of the authorities which have granted component type-
approval, manufacturers shall provide them with devices of the type
previously type-approved for the purpose of tests or conformity checks.
1.6. Devices are deemed to conform if 9 out of 10 samples chosen at random
satisfy the requirements of section 4 of Annex II, Appendices 1 and 2.
1.7. If the condition specified in item 1.6 is not satisfied, a further 10 samples
chosen at random must be examined.
The average of all measurements taken must be in conformity with the
specifications of item 4 of Annex II, Appendices 1 and 2, and no individual
measurement must be less than 95 % of the value specified.
2.Cessationofproduction
An EEC component type-approval holder ceasing production must forth-
with inform the competent authorities of that fact.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 20
▼B
FIGURES
Figure 1
Width(q)ofmudguard(a)andpositionofvalance(j)
Note:The figures refer to the corresponding items in Annex III.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 21
▼B
Figure 2
Dimensionsofmudguardandoutervalance
Note:1. The figures quoted relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.
2. T: extent of mudguard.
Figure 3
Positionofmudguardandrainflap
Note:The figures quoted relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 22
▼B
Figure 4
Mudguardsandoutervalanceforsteeredorself-steering ornon-steeredwheels
(a) Dimensions of mudguards and outer valances for multiple axles
Note:1. The figures quoted relate to the following items in Annex III.
2. T: extent of mudguard.
(b) Position of spray-suppression devices for multiple axles
Note:The figures relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 23
▼B
Figure 5
Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating spray-suppression
devicesfittedwithenergyabsorbersforaxlesfittedwithnon-steeredorself-steeringwheels
(Annex III — items 6.2 and 8)
(a) Multiple axles where the distance between the tyres in less than 250 mm
(b) Single axles or multiple axles where the distance between the tyres in not less than 250 mm1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 24
▼B
Figure 6
Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating spray-suppression
devices fitted withair/water separatorsfor axles fitted withsteered, self-steering or non-steered
wheels
Note:1. The figures relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.
2. T: extent of mudguard.
Figure 7
Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating spray-suppression
devices (mudguard, rain flap, outer valance) for multiple axles where the distance between the
tyresdoesnotexceed300mm
Note:1. The figures relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.
2. T: extent of mudguard.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 25
▼B
Figure 8
Testassemblyforenergyabsorptionspray-suppressiondevices
(See Annex II, Appendix 1)
Note:A = water supply from pump.
B = flow towards collector tank.
C = collector with inside dimension of 500 (+ 5/− 0) mm length and 75 (+ 2/− 0) mm width.
D = thin-wall, 54 mm diameter pipe.
E = 12 holes drilled radially as shown, diameter 1,68 (+ 0,025/− 0) mm.F = 500 (+ 0: − 5) mm-wide sample to be tested.
All linear dimensions are shown in millimetres.1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 26
▼B
Figure 9
Testassemblyforair/water separatorspray-suppressiondevices
(see Annex II, Appendix 2)
1991L0226 — EN — 01.01.1995 — 001.001 — 27