1995L0031 — EN — 29.12.2006 — 005.001

This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents

►B COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 95/31/EC of 5 July 1995 laying down specific criteria of purity concerning sweeteners for use in foodstuffs (Text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 178, 28.7.1995, p.1)

Amended by:









▼B

COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 95/31/EC

of 5 July 1995

laying down specific criteria of purity concerning sweeteners for use in foodstuffs

(Text with EEA relevance)







THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Council Directive 89/107/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning food additives authorized for use in foodstuffs intended for human consumption ( 1 ), as amended by Directive 94/34/EC ( 2 ), and in particular Article 3 (3) (a) thereof, After consultation of the Scientific Committee on Food, Whereas it is necessary to establish purity criteria for all sweeteners mentioned in European Parliament and Council Directive 94/35/EC of 30 June 1994 on sweeteners for use in foodstuffs ( 3 ); Whereas it is necessary to take into account the specifications and analytical techniques for sweeteners as set out in the Codex Alimentarius and the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (Jecfa); Whereas food additives, prepared by production methods or starting materials significantly different from those included in the evaluation of the Scientific Committee for Food, or different from those mentioned in this Directive, should be submitted for evaluation by the Scientific Committee for Food with a view to full evaluation with emphasis on the purity criteria; Whereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in line with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Foodstuffs, HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:







Article 1

1. Purity criteria mentioned under Article 3 (3) (a) of Directive 89/107/EEC for sweeteners mentioned in Directive 94/35/EC are set out in the Annex.

2. The purity criteria for E 420 (i), E 420 (ii) and E 421 mentioned in the Annex to this Directive supersede the purity criteria for the said substances mentioned in the Annex to Council Directive 78/663/EEC ( 4 ).

Article 2

1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive not later than 1 July 1996. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.

When Member States adopt these provisions, these shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference at the time of their official publication. The procedure for such reference shall be adopted by Member States.

2. Products put on the market or labelled before that date which do not comply with this Directive may, however, be marketed until stocks are exhausted.

Article 3

This Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.

Article 4

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.









ANNEX







E 420 (i) — SORBITOL Synonyms D-glucitol, D-sorbitol Definition Chemical name D-glucitol Einecs 200-061-5 E number E 420 (i) Chemical formula C6H14O6 Relative molecular mass 182,17 Assay Content not less than 97% of total glycitols and not less than 91% of D-sorbitol on the dry weight basis. Glycitols are compounds with the structural formula CH2OH-(CHOH)n-CH2OH, where ‘n’ is an integer Description White hygroscopic powder, crystalline powder, flakes or granules having a sweet taste Identification A. Solubility Very soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol B. Melting range 88 to 102°C C. Sorbitol monobenzylidene derivative To 5 g of the sample add 7 ml of methanol, 1 ml of benzaldehyde and 1 ml of hydrochloric acid. Mix and shake in a mechanical shaker until crystals appear. Filter with the aid of suction, dissolve the crystals in 20 ml of boiling water containing 1 g of sodium bicarbonate, filter while hot, cool the filtrate, filter with suction, wash with 5 ml of methanol-water mixture (1 in 2) and dry in air. The crystals so obtained melt between 173 and 179°C Purity Water content Not more than 1% (Karl Fischer method) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1% expressed on dry weight basis Reducing sugars Not more than 0,3% expressed as glucose on dry weight basis Total sugars Not more than 1% expressed as glucose on dry weight basis Chlorides Not more than 50 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Sulphates Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis







E 420 (ii) — SORBITOL SYRUP Synonyms D-clucitol syrup Definition Chemical name Sorbitol syrup formed by hydrogenation of glucose syrup is composed of D-sorbitol, D-mannitol and hydrogenated saccharides. The part of the product which is not D-sorbitol is composed mainly of hydrogenated oligosaccharides formed by the hydrogenation of glucose syrup used as raw material (in which case the syrup is non-crystallizing) or mannitol. Minor quantities of glycitols where n ≤4 may be present. Glycitols are compounds with the structural formula CH2OH-(CHOH)n-CH2OH, where ‘n’ is an integer Einecs 270-337-8 E number E 420 (ii) Assay Content not less than 69% total solids and not less than 50% of D-sorbitol on the anhydrous basis Description Clear colourless and sweet tasting aqueous solution Identification A. Solubility Miscible with water, with glycerol, and with propane-1,2-diol B. Sorbitol monobenzylidene derivative To 5 g of the sample add 7 ml of methanol, 1 ml of benzaldehyde and 1 ml of hydrochloric acid. Mix and shake in a mechanical shaker until crystals appear. Filter with the aid of suction, dissolve the crystals in 20 ml of boiling water containing 1 g of sodium bicarbonate, filter while hot. Cool the filtrate filter with suction, wash with 5 ml of methanol-water mixture (1 in 2) and dry in air. The crystals so obtained melt between 173 and 179°C Purity Water content Not more than 31% (Karl Fischer method) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1% expressed on dry weight basis Reducing sugars Not more than 0,3% expressed as glucose on dry weight basis Chlorides Not more than 50 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Sulphates Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis

▼M3







E 421 MANNITOL 1. Mannitol Synonyms D-mannitol Definition Manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of carbohydrate solutions containing glucose and/or fructose Chemical name D-mannitol Einecs 200-711-8 Chemical formula C6H14O6 Molecular weight 182,2 Assay Content not less than 96,0 % D-mannitol and not more than 102 % on the dried basis Description White, odourless, crystalline powder Identification A. Solubility Soluble in water, very slightly soluble in ethanol, practically insoluble in ether B. Melting range Between 164 and 169 °C C. Thin layer chromatography Passes test D. Specific rotation [α] 20 D: + 23° to + 25° (borate solution) E. pH Between 5 and 8 Add 0,5 ml of a saturated solution of potassium chloride to 10 ml of a 10 % w/v solution of the sample, then measure the pH Purity Loss on drying Not more than 0,3 % (105 °C, four hours) Reducing sugars Not more than 0,3 % (as glucose) Total sugars Not more than 1 % (as glucose) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1 % Chlorides Not more than 70 mg/kg Sulphate Not more than 100 mg/kg Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg 2 Mannitol manufactured by fermentation Synonyms D-mannitol Definition Manufactured by discontinous fermentation under aerobic conditions using a conventional strain of the yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii Chemical name D-mannitol Einecs 200-711-8 Chemical formula C6H14O6 Molecular weight 182,2 Assay Not less than 99 % on the dried basis Description White, odourless crystalline powder Identification A. Solubility Soluble in water, very slightly soluble in ethanol, practically insoluble in ether B. Melting range Between 164 and 169 °C C. Thin layer chromatography passes test D. Specific rotation [α] 20 D: + 23° to + 25° (borate solution) E. pH Between 5 and 8 Add 0,5 ml of a saturated solution of potassium chloride to 10 ml of a 10 % w/v solution of the sample, then measure the pH Purity Arabitol Not more than 0,3 % Loss on drying Not more than 0,3 % (105 °C, four hours) Reducing sugars Not more than 0,3 % (as glucose) Total sugars Not more than 1 % (as glucose) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1 % Chlorides Not more than 70 mg/kg Sulphate Not more than 100 mg/kg Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg Aerobic mesophilic bacteria Not more than 103/g Coliforms Absent in 10 g Salmonella Absent in 10 g E. coli Absent in 10 g Staphylococcus aureus Absent in 10 g Pseudomonas aeruginosa Absent in 10 g Moulds Not more than 100/g Yeasts Not more than 100/g

▼M1







E 953 — ISOMALT Synonyms Hydrogenated isomaltulose, hydrogenated palatinose. Definition Chemical name Isomalt is a mixture of hydrogenated mono- and disaccharides whose principal components are the disaccharides: 6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol (1,6-GPS) and 1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol dihydrate (1,1-GPM) Chemical formula 6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol: C12H24O11 1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol dihydrate:C12H24O11.2H2O Relative molecular mass 6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol: 344,32 1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol dihydrate: 380,32 Assay Content not less than 98 % of hydrogenated mono- and disaccharides and not less than 86 % of the mixture of 6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol and 1-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol dihydrate determined on the anhydrous basis. Description Odourless, white, slightly hygroscopic, crystalline mass. Identification A. Solubility Soluble in water, very slightly soluble in ethanol. B. Thin layer chromatography Examine by thin layer chromatography using a plate coated with an approximately 0,2 mm layer of chromatographic silica gel. The principal spots in the chromatogram are those of 1,1-GPM and 1,6-GPS. Purity Water content Not more than 7 % (Karl Fischer Method) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,05 % expressed on the dry weight basis D-Mannitol Not more than 3 % D-Sorbitol Not more than 6 % Reducing sugars Not more than 0,3 % expressed as glucose on the dry weight basis Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg expressed on the dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on the dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on the dry weight basis Heavy metals (as Pb) Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on the dry weight basis.

▼M5







E 965 (i) MALTITOL Synonyms D-Maltitol, hydrogenated maltose Definition Chemical name (α)-D-Glucopyranosyl-1,4-D-glucitol Einecs 209-567-0 Chemical formula C12H24O11 Relative molecular mass 344,31 Assay Content not less than 98 % of D-maltitol C12H24O11 on the anhydrous basis Description Sweet tasting, white crystalline powder Identification A. Solubility Very soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol B. Melting range 148 to 151 °C C. Specific rotation [α]D20 = + 105,5° to + 108,5° (5 % w/v solution) Purity Water Not more than 1 % (Karl Fischer method) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1 % expressed on dry weight basis Reducing sugars Not more than 0,1 % expressed as glucose on dry weight basis Chlorides Not more than 50 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Sulphates Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis







E 965 (ii) MALTITOL SYRUP Synonyms Hydrogenated high-maltose glucose syrup, hydrogenated glucose syrup Definition A mixture consisting of mainly maltitol with sorbitol and hydrogenated oligo- and polysaccharides. It is manufactured by the catalytic hydrogenation of high maltose-content glucose syrup or by the hydrogenation of its individual components followed by blending. The article of commerce is supplied both as a syrup and as a solid product Assay Content not less than 99 % of total hydrogenated saccharides on the anhydrous basis and not less than 50 % of maltitol on the anhydrous basis Description Colourless and odourless, clear viscous liquids or white crystalline masses Identification A. Solubility Very soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol B. Thin layer chromatography Passes test Purity Water Not more than 31 % (Karl Fischer) Reducing sugars Not more than 0,3 % (as glucose) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1 % Chlorides Not more than 50 mg/kg Sulphate Not more than 100 mg/kg Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg







E 966 LACTITOL Synonyms Lactit, lactositol, lactobiosit Definition Chemical name 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol Einecs 209-566-5 Chemical formula C12H24O11 Relative molecular mass 344,32 Assay Not less than 95 % on the dry weight basis Description Sweet-tasting crystalline powders or colourless solutions. Crystalline products occur in anhydrous, monohydrate and dihydrate forms Identification A. Solubility Very soluble in water B. Specific rotation [α]D20 = + 13° to + 16° calculated on the anhydrous basis (10 % w/v aqueous solution) Purity Water Crystalline products; not more than 10,5 % (Karl Fischer method) Other polyols Not more than 2,5 % on the anhydrous basis Reducing sugars Not more than 0,2 % expressed as glucose on dry weight basis Chlorides Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Sulphates Not more than 200 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1 % expressed on dry weight basis Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis

▼B







E 967 — XYLITOL Synonyms Xylitol Definition Chemical name D-xylitol Einecs 201-788-0 E number E 967 Chemical formula C5H12O5 Relative molecular mass 152,15 Assay Not less than 98,5% as xylitol on the anhydrous basis Description White, crystalline powder, practically odourless with a very sweet taste Identification A. Solubility Very soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol B. Melting range 92 to 96°C C. pH 5 to 7 (10% w/v aqueous solution) Purity Loss on drying Not more than 0,5%. Dry 0,5 g of sample in a vacuum over phosphorus at 60°C for four hours Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1% expressed on dry weight basis Reducing sugars Not more than 0,2% expressed as glucose on dry weight basis Other polyhydric alcohols Not more than 1% expressed on dry weight basis Nickel Not more than 2 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis Chlorides Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Sulphates Not more than 200 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis

▼M5







E 968 ERYTHRITOL Synonyms Meso-erythritol, tetrahydroxybutane, erythrite Definition Obtained by fermentation of carbohydrate source by safe and suitable food grade osmophilic yeasts such as Moniliella pollinis or Trichosporonoides megachilensis, followed by purification and drying Chemical name 1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol Einecs 205-737-3 Chemical formula C4H10O4 Molecular weight 122,12 Assay Not less than 99 % after drying Description White, odourless, non-hygroscopic, heat-stable crystals with a sweetness of approximately 60-80 % that of sucrose. Identification A. Solubility Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in diethyl ether. B. Melting range 119-123 °C Purity Loss on drying Not more than 0,2 % (70 °C, six hours, in a vacuum desiccator) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,1 % Reducing substances Not more than 0,3 % expressed as D-glucose Ribitol and glycerol Not more than 0,1 % Lead Not more than 0,5 mg/kg

▼M3







E 950 — ACESULFAME K Synonyms Acesulfame potassium, potassium salt of 3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4-one, 2,2-dioxide Definition Chemical name 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide potassium salt Einecs 259-715-3 Chemical formula C4H4KNO4S Molecular weight 201,24 Assay Content not less than 99 % of C4H4KNO4S on the anhydrous basis Description Odourless, white, crystalline powder. Approximately 200 times as sweet as sucrose Identification A. Solubility Very soluble in water, very slightly soluble in ethanol B. Ultra violet absorption Maximum 227 ± 2 nm for a solution of 10 mg in 1 000 ml of water C. Positive test for potassium Passes test (test the residue obtained by igniting 2 g of the sample) D. Precipitation test Add a few drops of a 10 % solution of sodium cobaltnitrite to a solution of 0,2 g of the sample in 2 ml of acetic acid and 2 ml of water. A yellow precipitate is produced Purity Loss on drying Not more than 1 % (105 °C, two hours) Organic impurities Passes test for 20 mg/kg of UV active components Fluoride Not more than 3 mg/kg Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg

▼B







E 951 — ASPARTAME Synonyms Aspartyl phenylalanine methyl ester Definition Chemical name N-L-α-(Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-1-methyl ester, 3-amino-N-(α-carbomethoxy-phenethyl)-succinamic acid-N-methyl ester Einecs 245-261-3 E number E 951 Chemical formula C14H18N2O5 Relative molecular mass 294,31 Assay Not less than 98% and not more than 102% of C14H18N2O5 on the anhydrous basis Description White, odourless, crystalline powder having a sweet taste. Approximately 200 times as sweet as sucrose Identification Solubility Slightly soluble in water and in ethanol Purity Loss on drying Not more than 4,5% (105°C, four hours) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,2% expressed on dry weight basis pH Between 4,5 and 6,0 (1 in 125 solution) Transmittance The transmittance of a 1% solution in 2N hydrochloric acid, determined in a 1-cm cell at 430 nm with a suitable spectrophotometer, using 2N hydrochloric acid as a reference, is not less than 0,95, equivalent to an absorbance of not more than approximately 0,022 Specific rotation : +14,5 to +16,5° Determine in a 4 in 100/15 N formic acid solution within 30 minutes after preparation of the sample solution Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis 5-Benzyl-3,6-dioxo-2-piperazineacetic acid Not more than 1,5% expressed on dry weight basis







E 952 — CYCLAMIC ACID AND ITS Na AND Ca SALTS (I) CYCLAMIC ACID Synonyms Cyclohexylsulphamic acid, cyclamate Definition Chemical name Cyclohexanesulphamic acid, cyclohexylaminosulphonic acid Einecs 202-898-1 E number E 952 Chemical formula C6H13NO3S Relative molecular mass 179,24 Assay Cyclohexylsulphamic acid contains not less than 98% and not more than the equivalent of 102% of C6H13NO3S, calculated on the anhydrous basis Description A practically colourless, white crystalline powder with a sweet-sour taste. Approximately 40 times as sweet as sucrose Identification A. Solubility Soluble in water and in ethanol B. Precipitation test Acidify a 2% solution with hydrochloric acid, add 1 ml of an approximately molar solution of barium chloride in water and filter if any haze or precipitate forms. To the clear solution add 1 ml of a 10% solution of sodium nitrite. A white precipitate forms. Purity Loss on drying Not more than 1% (105°C, one hour) Selenium Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed as selenium on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Cyclohexylamine Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Dicyclohexylamine Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Aniline Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis (II) SODIUM CYCLAMATE Synonyms Cyclamate, sodium salt of cyclamic acid Definition Chemical name Sodium cyclohexanesulphamate, sodium cyclohexylsulphamate Einecs 205-348-9 E number E 952 Chemical formula C6H12NNaO3S and the dihydrate form C6H12NNaO3S·2H2O Relative molecular mass 201,22 calculated on the anhydrous form 237,22 calculated on the hydrated form Assay Not les sthan 98% and not more than 102% on the dried basis Dihydrate form: not less than 84% on the dried basis Description White, odourless crystals or crystalline powder. Approximately 30 times as sweet as sucrose Identification Solubility Soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol Purity Loss on drying Not more than 1% (105°C, one hour) Not more than 15,2% (105°C, two hours) for the dihydrate form Selenium Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed as selenium on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis Cyclohexylamine Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Dicyclohexylamine Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Aniline Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis (III) CALCIUM CYCLAMATE Synonyms Cyclamate, calcium salt of cyclamic acid Definition Chemical name Calcium cyclohexanesulphamate, calcium cyclohexylsulphamate Einecs 205-349-4 E number E 952 Chemical formula C12H24CaN2O6S2·2H2O Relative molecular mass 432,57 Assay Not less than 98% and not more than 10% on the dried basis Description White, colourless crystals or crystaline powder. Approximately 30 times as sweet as sucrose Identification Solubility Soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol Purity Loss on drying Not more than 1% (105°C, one hour) Not more than 8,5% (140°C, four hours) for the dihydrate form Selenium Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed as selenium on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis Cyclohexylamine Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Dicyclohexylamine Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Aniline Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis

▼M5







E 954 SACCHARIN AND ITS Na, K AND Ca SALTS (I) SACCHARIN Definition Chemical name 3-Oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo(d)isothiazol-1,1-dioxide Einecs 201-321-0 Chemical formula C7H5NO3S Relative molecular mass 183,18 Assay Not less than 99 % and not more than 101 % of C7H5NO3S on the anhydrous basis Description White crystals or a white crystalline powder, odourless or with a faint, aromatic odour, having a sweet taste, even in very dilute solutions. Approximately between 300 and 500 times as sweet as sucrose Identification Solubility Slightly soluble in water, soluble in basic solutions, sparingly soluble in ethanol Purity Loss on drying Not more than 1 % (105 °C, two hours) Melting range 226-230 °C Sulphated ash Not more than 0,2 % expressed on dry weight basis Benzoic and salicylic acid To 10 ml of a 1 in 20 solution, previously acidified with five drops of acetic acid, add three drops of an approximately molar solution of ferric chloride in water. No precipitate or violet colour appears o-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis p-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Benzoic acid p-sulfonamide Not more than 25 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Readily carbonisable substances Absent Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Selenium Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis. (II) SODIUM SACCHARIN Synonyms Saccharin, sodium salt of saccharin Definition Chemical name Sodium o-benzosulphimide, sodium salt of 2,3-dihydro-3-oxobenzisosulphonazole, oxobenzisosulphonazole, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1-dioxide sodium salt dihydrate Einecs 204-886-1 Chemical formula C7H4NNaO3S·2H2O Relative molecular mass 241,19 Assay Not less than 99 % and not more than 101 % of C7H4NNaO3S on the anhydrous basis Description White crystals or a white crystalline efflorescent powder, odourless or with a faint odour, having an intensely sweet taste, even in very dilute solutions. Approximately between 300 and 500 times as sweet as sucrose in dilute solutions Identification Solubility Freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol Purity Loss on drying Not more than 15 % (120 °C, four hours) Benzoic and salicylic acid To 10 ml of a 1 in 20 solution, previously acidified with five drops of acetic acid, add three drops of an approximately molar solution of ferric chloride in water. No precipitate or violet colour appears o-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis p-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Benzoic acid p-sulphonamide Not more than 25 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Readily carbonisable substances Absent Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Selenium Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis (III) CALCIUM SACCHARIN Synonyms Saccharin, calcium salt of saccharin Definition Chemical name Calcium o-benzosulphimide, calcium salt of 2,3-dihydro-3-oxobenzisosulfonazole, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1-dioxide calcium salt hydrate (2:7) Einecs 229-349-9 Chemical formula C14H8CaN2O6S2·31/2H2O Relative molecular mass 467,48 Assay Not less than 95 % of C14H8CaN2O6S2 on the anhydrous basis Description White crystals or a white crystalline powder, odourless or with a faint odour, having an intensely sweet taste, even in very dilute solutions. Approximately between 300 and 500 times as sweet as sucrose in dilute solutions Identification Solubility Freely soluble in water, soluble in ethanol Purity Loss on drying Not more than 13,5 % (120 °C, four hours) Benzoic and salicylic acid To 10 ml of a 1 in 20 solution, previously acidified with five drops of acetic acid, add three drops of an approximately molar solution of ferric chloride in water. No precipitate or violet colour appears o-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis p-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Benzoic acid p-sulphonamide Not more than 25 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Readily carbonisable substances Absent Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Selenium Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis (IV) POTASSIUM SACCHARIN Synonyms Saccharin, potassium salt of saccharin Definition Chemical name Potassium o-benzosulphimide, potassium salt of 2,3-dihydro-3-oxobenzisosulphonazole, potassium salt of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1-dioxide monohydrate Einecs Chemical formula C7H4KNO3S·H2O Relative molecular mass 239,77 Assay Not less than 99 % and not more than 101 % of C7H4KNO3S on the anhydrous basis Description White crystals or a white crystalline powder, odourless or with a faint odour, having an intensely sweet taste, even in very dilute solutions. Approximately between 300 and 500 times as sweet as sucrose Identification Solubility Freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol Purity Loss on drying Not more than 8 % (120 °C, four hours) Benzoic and salicylic acid To 10 ml of a 1 in 20 solution, previously acidified with five drops of acetic acid, add three drops of an approximately molar solution of ferric chloride in water. No precipitate or violet colour appears o-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis p-Toluenesulphonamide Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Benzoic acid p-sulphonamide Not more than 25 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Readily carbonisable substances Absent Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Selenium Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis







E 955 SUCRALOSE Synonyms 4,1′,6′-Trichlorogalactosucrose Definition Chemical name 1,6-Dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-β-D-fructofuranosyl-4-chloro-4-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranoside Einecs 259-952-2 Chemical formula C12H19Cl3O8 Molecular weight 397,64 Assay Content not less than 98 % and not more than 102 % of C12H19Cl3O8 calculated on an anhydrous basis. Description White to off-white, practically odourless crystalline powder. Identification A. Solubility Freely soluble in water, methanol and ethanol Slightly soluble in ethyl acetate B. Infrared absorption The infrared spectrum of a potassium bromide dispersion of the sample exhibits relative maxima at similar wave numbers as those shown in the reference spectrum obtained using a sucralose reference standard C. Thin layer chromatography The main spot in the test solution has the same Rf value as that of the main spot of standard solution A referred to in the test for other chlorinated disaccharides. This standard solution is obtained by dissolving 1,0 g of sucralose reference standard in 10 ml of methanol D. Specific rotation [α]D20 = + 84,0° to + 87,5° calculated on the anhydrous basis (10 % w/v solution) Purity Water Not more than 2,0 % (Karl Fischer method) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,7 % Other chlorinated disaccharides Not more than 0,5 % Chlorinated monosaccharides Not more than 0,1 % Triphenylphosphine oxide Not more than 150 mg/kg Methanol Not more than 0,1 % Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg

▼B







E 957 — THAUMATIN Synonyms Definition Chemical name Thaumatin is obtained by aqueous extraction (pH 2,5 to 4) of the arils of the fruit of the natural strain of Thaumatococcus daniellii (Benth) and consists essentially of the proteins thaumatin I and thaumatin II together with minor amounts of plant constituents derived from the source material Einecs 258-822-2 E number E 957 Chemical formula Polypeptide of 207 aminoacids Relative molecular mass Thaumatin I 22209 Thaumatin II 22293 Assay Not less than 16% nitrogen on the dried basis equivalent to not less than 94% proteins (N × 5,8) Description Odourless, cream-coloured powder with an intensely sweet taste. Approximately 2 000 to 3 000 times as sweet as sucrose Identification Solubility Very soluble in water, insoluble in acetone Purity Loss on drying Not more than 9% (105°C to constant weight) Carbohydrates Not more than 3% expressed on dry weight basis Sulphated ash Not more than 2% expressed on dry weight basis Aluminium Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Microbiological criteria Total aerobic microbial count: Max 1 000/g E. Coli: absent in 1 g







E 959 — NEOHESPERIDINE DIHYDROCHALCONE Synonyms Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, NHDC, hesperetin dihydrochalcone-4′-β-neohesperidoside, neohesperidin DC Definition Chemical name 2-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-4′-β-D-glucopyranosyl hesperetin dihydrochalcone; obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of neohesperidin Einecs 243-978-6 E number E 959 Chemical formula C28H36O15 Relative molecular mass 612,6 Assay Content not less than 96% on the dried basis Description Off white, odourless, crystalline powder having a characteristic, intensive sweet taste. Approximately between 1 000 and 1 800 times as sweet as sucrose Identification A. Solubility Freely soluble in hot water, very slightly soluble in cold water, practically insoluble in ether and benzene B. Ultraviolet absorption maximum 282 to 283 nm for a solution of 2 mg in 100 ml methanol C. Neu's test Dissolve about 10 mg of neohesperidine DC in 1 ml methanol, add 1 ml of a 1% 2-aminoethyl diphenyl borate methanolic solution. A bright yellow colour is produced Purity Loss on drying Not more than 11% (105°C, three huors) Sulphated ash Not more than 0,2% expressed on dry weight basis Arsenic Not more than 3 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Lead Not more than 2 mg/kg expressed on dry weight basis Heavy metals Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as Pb on dry weight basis

▼M5







E 962 SALT OF ASPARTAME-ACESULFAME Synonyms Aspartame-acesulfame, aspartame-acesulfame salt Definition The salt is prepared by heating an approximately 2:1 ratio (w/w) of aspartame and acesulfame K in solution at acidic pH and allowing crystallisation to occur. The potassium and moisture are eliminated. The product is more stable than aspartame alone Chemical name 6-Methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide salt of L-phenylalanyl-2-methyl-L-α-aspartic acid Chemical formula C18H23O9N3S Molecular weight 457,46 Assay 63,0 % to 66,0 % aspartame (dry basis) and 34,0 % to 37 % acesulfame (acid form on a dry basis) Description A white, odourless, crystalline powder Identification A. Solubility Sparingly soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol B. Transmittance The transmittance of a 1 % solution in water determined in a 1 cm cell at 430 nm with a suitable spectrophotometer using water as a reference, is not less than 0,95, equivalent to an absorbance of not more than approximately 0,022 C. Specific rotation [α]D20 = + 14,5° to + 16,5° Determine at concentration of 6,2 g in 100 ml formic acid (15N) within 30 min of preparation of the solution. Divide the calculated specific rotation by 0,646 to correct for the aspartame content of the salt of aspartame-acesulfame Purity Loss on drying Not more than 0,5 % (105 °C, four hours) 5-Benzyl-3,6-dioxo-2-piperazineacetic acid Not more than 0,5 % Lead Not more than 1 mg/kg