1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of17December 1973
on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to devices to prevent the
unauthorizeduseofmotorvehicles
(74/61/EEC)
(OJ L 38, 11.2.1974, p. 22)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►M1Commission Directive 95/56/EC of 8 November 1995 L 286 1 29.11.1995
Corrected by:
►C1Corrigendum, OJ L 215, 6.8.1974, p. 20 (74/61/EEC)
►C2Corrigendum, OJ L 40, 13.2.1998, p. 19 (95/56/EC)
▼B
COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of17December 1973
on the approximationof the lawsofthe Member States relating to
devicestopreventtheunauthorizeduseofmotorvehicles
(74/61/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof;
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;Having regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament(
1);
Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and Social
Committee(2);
Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy
pursuant to national laws relate, inter alia , to devicesto prevent the
unauthorized use of such vehicles;
Whereasthos e requirementsdiffer from one Member State to another;
whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the same
requirements, either in addition to or in place of their existing rules, in
order in particular to allow the EEC type approval procedure whichwasthe s ubject of the Council Directive of 6 February 1970(
3) on the
approximation of the lawsof the Member Statesrelating to the typeapproval of motor vehiclesand their trailersto be applied in res pectof each type of vehicle;
Whereasasregardsthe technical requirementsit isadvis able to follow
basically those adopted by the UN Economic Commission for Europein itsRegulation No 18(
4) (‘Uniform provisions concerning the
approval of vehicleswith regard to their protection agains t unauthor-
ized use’), which is annexed to the Agreement of 20 March 1958
concerning the adoption of uniform conditionsof approval and reci-procal recognition of approval for motor vehicle equipment and parts,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
For the purposes of this Directive, ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle
intended for use on the road ►M1, being complete or incomplete, ◄
having at least four wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25km/h, with the exception of vehicleswhich run on ►
M1railsand of
agricultural and forestry tractors and all mobile machinery. ◄
Article 2
No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type approval or national
type approval of a vehicle on groundsrelating to the device to prevent
unauthorized use if such device meets the requirements set out in
►M1the relevant Annexes ◄.
Article 3
No Member State may refuse or prohibit the sale, registration, entry
into service or use of any vehicle on grounds relating to the device to
prevent unauthorized use if such device meets the requirements set outin►
M1the relevant Annexes ◄.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 112, 27. 10. 1972, p. 16.
(2) OJ No C 60, 26. 7. 1973, p. 12.
(3) OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1.
(4) EEC, Geneva, E/ECE/324 — E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. Add. 17.
▼B
Article 4
The Member State which hasgranted type approval s hall take the
necessary measures to be informed of any modification of a part or
characteristic referred to in ►M1the relevant Annexes ◄.T h e
competent authorities of that State shall determine whether fresh testsshould be carried out on the ►
C1modified vehicle type ◄and a
fresh report drawn up. Where such tests reveal failure to comply withthe requirementsof thisDirective, the modification s hall not beapproved.
Article 5
The amendments necessary for adjusting the requirements of ►
M1the
Annexes ◄so as to take account of technical progress shall be
adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of
the Council Directive of 6 February 1970 on the harmonization of thelawsof the Member Statesrelating to the type-approval of motor vehi-clesand their trailers .
Article 6
1. Member States shall put into force the provisions needed in order
to comply with thisDirective within eighteen monthsof itsnotificationand shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
2. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions
of national law which they adopt in the field covered by thisDirective
are communicated to the Commission.
Article 7
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 3
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LIST OFANNEXES
ANNEX I: Administrative provisions for type-approval … . . ..........................
Appendix 1: Model of certificate of conformity … . ...................
ANNEX II: Information documents… . . ...........................................
Appendix 1: Information document for a type of vehicle … .............
Appendix 2: Information for a type of immobilizer … ..................
Appendix 3: Information document for a type of vehicle alarm system … .
ANNEX III: EEC type-approval certificates… . . .....................................
Appendix 1: EEC type-approval certificate for a vehicle … .............
Appendix 2: EEC type-approval certificate for an immobilizer … . .......
Appendix 3: EEC type-approval certificate for a vehicle alarm system … . .
ANNEX IV: Scope, definitionsand requirementsfor devicesto prevent unauthorized us e … .
Appendix 1: Wear-producing test procedure for devices to prevent unauthor-
ized use acting on the steering … ........................
Appendix 2: Test procedure for devices to prevent unauthorized use acting
on the steering using a torque limiting device … ...........
ANNEX V: Scope, definitionsand requirementsfor immobilizers… ....................
Appendix 1: Model of installation certificate … .......................
ANNEX VI: Scope, definitions and requirements for vehicle alarm systems … . . . .........
Appendix 1: Model of installation certificate … .......................
Appendix 2: Test of systems for the protection of the passenger compartment
… .................................................
Appendix 3: Specificationsfor mechanical key s witches… .............
Appendix 4: Technical prescriptions for audible alarm devices … . .......1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 4
▼M1
ANNEX I
ADMINISTRATIVEPROVISIONSFORTYPE-APPROVAL
1.ApplicationforEECtype-approvalofavehicle
1.1. The application for EEC type-approval pursuant to Article 3 (4) of Direc-
tive 70/156/EEC of a vehicle type with regard to itsdevice to prevent
unauthorized use, its immobilizer and, if applicable, its alarm system
shall be submitted by the manufacturer.
1.2. A model for the information document isgiven in Annex II, Appendix 1.1.3. The following must be submitted to the technical service responsible for
conducting the type-approval tests:
1.3.1. A vehicle representative of the type to be approved.1.3.2. If available, the type-approval certificates of immobilizers/alarm systems
installed.
2.ApplicationforEECtype-approvalofatypeofvehicleimmobilizer
2.1. The application for EEC type-approval asa component or a s eparate
technical unit pursuant to Article 3 (4) of Directive 70/156/EEC of a
type of immobilizer shall be submitted by the manufacturer.
2.2. A model for the information document isgiven in Annex II, Appendix 2.2.3. The following must be submitted to the technical service responsible for
conducting the type-approval tests:
2.3.1. Three samples of the type of immobilizer to be approved with all its
components. Each of the main components must be clearly and indelibly
marked with the applicant'strade name or mark and the type des ignation
of that component.
2.3.2. (A) vehicle(s) fitted with the immobilizer to be type approved, chosen by
the applicant in agreement with the technical service.
3.ApplicationforEECtype-approvalofatypeofvehiclealarmsystem
3.1. The application for EEC type-approval asa component or a s eperate
technical unit pursuant to Article 3 (4) of Directive 70/156/EEC of a
type of alarm system shall be submitted by the manufacturer.
3.2. A model for the information document isgiven in Annex II, Appendix 3.3.3. The following must be submitted to the technical service responsible for
conducting the type-approval tests:
3.3.1. Three samples of the type of alarm system to be approved with all its
components. Each of the main components must be clearly and indelibly
marked with the applicant'strade name or mark and the type des ignation
of that component.
3.3.2. (A) vehicle(s) fitted with the alarm system to be type approved, chosen
by the applicant in agreement with the technical service.
4.GrantingofEECtype-approval
4.1. If the relevant requirements are satisfied, EEC type-approval pursuant to
Article 4 (3) and (4) of Directive 70/156/EEC shall be granted.
4.2. A model for the EEC type-approval certificate isgiven in:
— Annex III, Appendix 1 for applicationsreferred to in item 1.1,
— Annex III, Appendix 2 for applicationsreferred to in item 2.1,
— Annex III, Appendix 3 for applicationsreferred to in item 3.1.
4.3. An approval number in accordance with Annex VII to Directive 70/156/
EEC shall be assigned to each type of vehicle, type of immobilizer or
type of alarm system approved. The same Member State shall not assign
the same number to another type of vehicle, type of immobilizer or type
of alarm system.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 5
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5.EECtype-approvalmark
5.1. Every vehicle alarm system and every immobilizer, conforming to a type
approved pursuant to this Directive, shall bear an EEC type-approval
mark. This mark shall consist of:
5.1.1. a rectangle surrounding the lowercase letter ‘e’ followed by the distin-
guishing letters or number of the Member State granting the approval:
— ‘1’ Germany
— ‘2’ France— ‘3’ Italy
— ‘4’ Netherlands
— ‘5’ Sweden— ‘6’ Belgium— ‘9’ Spain
— ‘11’ United Kingdom
— ‘12’ Austria— ‘13’ Luxembourg— ‘17’ Finland
— ‘18’ Denmark
— ‘21’ Portugal— ‘23’ Greece— ‘IRL’ Ireland
5.1.2. in the vicinity of the rectangle the ‘base approval number’ contained in
Section 4 of the type-approval number referred to in Annex VII to Direc-
tive 70/156/EEC, preceded by the two figuresindicating the s equence
number assigned to the most recent major technical amendment to Direc-
tive 74/61/EEC on the date EEC type-approval wasgranted. In this
Directive, the sequence number is 00;
5.1.3. the additional symbol ‘A’ or ‘I’ or ‘AI’, indicating if the component or
the separate technical unit is a vehicle alarm system or an immobilizer
or a combination of both.
5.2. Examplesof EEC type-approval marksare given below(
1):
5.3. Asan alternative to the approval mark des cribed in items5.1 and 5.2, a
certificate of conformity shall be issued for every vehicle alarm system
offered for sale.
Where a vehicle alarm system manufacturer supplies an approved
unmarked vehicle alarm system to a vehicle manufacturer, for fitment
by the manufacturer asoriginal equipment for a vehicle model or range
of vehicle models, the vehicle alarm system manufacturer shall supply a
number of copiesof the certificate of conformity to the vehicle manufac-1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 6
(1) The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle alarm system or to an immobilizer shows
that the alarm system (A) or the immobilizer (I) or an alarm system in combinationwith an immobilizer (AI) hasbeen approved in Spain (e 9), under the bas e approvalnumber 1406. The first two digits (00) indicate that the approval was granted pursuant
to thisDirective.
▼M1
turer, sufficient for that manufacturer to obtain the vehicle approval to
Part II of Annex VI to thisDirective.
If the vehicle alarm system is made up of separate components, its main
component(s) shall bear a reference mark and the certificate of confor-
mity shall provide a list of such reference marks.
A model of the certificate of conformity isgiven in Appendix I to this
Annex.
6.Modificationsofthetypeandamendmentstoapprovals
6.1. In the case of modifications of the type of vehicle, type of immobilizer or
type of vehicle alarm system approved pursuant to this Directive, the
provisions of Article 5 of Directive 70/156/EEC shall apply.
7.Conformityofproduction
7.1. Measures to ensure the conformity of production shall be taken in accor-
dance with the provisions laid down in Article 10 of Directive 70/156/
EEC.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 7
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Appendix 1
Modelofcertificat ofconformity
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 8
▼M1
ANNEX II
INFORMATIONDOCUMENTS
Appendix 1
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 9
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1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 10
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Appendix 2
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 11
▼M1
Appendix 3
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 12
▼M1
ANNEX III
EECTYPE-APPROVALCERTIFICATES
Appendix 1
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 13
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1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 14
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Appendix 2
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 15
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1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 16
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Appendix 3
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 17
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1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 18
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ANNEX IV
SCOPE, DEFINITIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR DEVICES TO
PREVENTUNAUTHORIZEDUSE
1.Scope
1.1. All vehiclesof category M1 and N1 — asdefined in Annex II A to
Directive 70/156/EEC — must be equipped with a device to prevent
unauthorized use that complies with the requirements set out in items
3 and 4.
1.2. The fitting of thisdevice to vehiclesof other categoriesisoptional, but
any such device fitted is required to comply with the provisions of this
Annex.
2.Definitions
For the purposes of this Annex:
2.1. ‘vehicle type’ meansa category of motor vehicleswhich do not differ
in such essential respects as:
2.1.1. the manufacturer'stype des ignation;
2.1.2. the arrangement and design of the vehicle component or components on
which the device to prevent unauthorized use acts;
2.1.3. the type of device to prevent unauthorized use;
2.2. ‘device to prevent unauthorized use’ means a system designed to
prevent unauthorized normal activation of the engine or other source
of main engine power of the vehicle in combination with at least one
system which:
— locksthe s teering,
— locks the transmission, or— locksthe gears hift control;
2.3. ‘steering’ means the steering control, the steering column and its acces-
sory cladding, the steering shaft, the steering gearbox and all other
componentswhich directly affect the effectivenes sof the device to
prevent unauthorized use;
2.4. ‘combination’ means one of the specifically developed and constructed
variations of a locking system which, when properly activated, permits
operation of the locking system;
2.5. ‘key’ means any device designed and constructed to provide a method
of operating a locking system which is designed and constructed to be
operated only by that device;
2.6. ‘rolling code’ means an electronic code consisting of several elements
the combination of which changesat random after each operation of the
transmitting unit.
3.Generalspecifications
3.1. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be so designed that it is
necessary to put it out of action in order to enable:
3.1.1. the engine to be started by means of the normal control; and
3.1.2. the vehicle to be steered, driven or moved forward under its own
power.
3.2. The requirements of item 3.1 shall be met by the application of a single
key.
3.3. Except in the case provided for in item 4.1.5, a system operated with a
key inserted in a lock shall not permit removal of the key before the
device referred to in item 3.1 hascome into action or hasbeen s et to
act.
3.4. The device to prevent unauthorized use referred to in item 3.1, and the
vehicle components on which it operates, shall be so designed that it
cannot rapidly and without attracting attention be opened, rendered
ineffective or destroyed by, for example, the use of low-cost, easily
concealed tools, equipment or fabrications readily available to the
public at large.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 19
▼M1
3.5. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be fitted to the vehicle as
an item of original equipment (i.e. equipment installed by the vehicle
manufacturer prior to first retail sale). It shall be fitted in such a way
that even after removal of itshous ing it cannot, when in the blocked
condition, be dismantled otherwise than with special tools. If it were
possible to render the device to prevent unauthorized use ineffective
by the removal of screws, those screws shall, unless they are of the
non-removable type, be covered by partsof the blocked protective
device.
3.6. Mechanical locking systems shall provide at least 1 000 different key
combinationsor a number equal to the total number of vehiclesmanu-
factured annually if less than 1 000. In vehicles of one type the
frequency of occurrence of each combination shall be roughly one per
1 000.
3.7. Electrical/electronic locking systems, e.g. remote control, shall have at
least 50 000 variants and shall incorporate rolling codes and/or have a
minimum scan time of 10 days, e.g. a maximum of 5 000 variants per
24 hoursfor 50 000 variantsminimum.
3.8. The key and lock shall not be visibly coded.3.9. The lock shall be so designed, constructed and fitted that turning of the
lock cylinder, when in the locked position, with a torque of less than
2,45 Nm is not possible with any key other than the mating key; and
3.9.1. for lock cylinderswith pin tumblersno more than two identical
tumblers operating in the same direction shall be positioned adjacent
to each other, and in a lock there shall not be more than 60 % identical
tumblers;
3.9.2. for lock cylinderswith dis c tumblersno more than two identical
tumblers operating in the same direction shall be positioned adjacent
to each other, and in a lock there shall not be more than 50 % identical
tumblers.
3.10. Devices to prevent unauthorized use shall be such as to exclude any
risk of accidental operating failure while the engine is running, particu-
larly in the case of blockage likely to compromise safety.
3.10.1. It shall not be possible to activate devices to prevent unauthorized use
without first setting the engine controls to a stop condition and then
performing an action which isnot an uninterrupted continuation of
stopping the engine.
3.10.2. In the case of devices to prevent unauthorized use, if the action of key
withdrawal activates the device it shall either necessitate a minimum
movement of 2 mm before activation of the device or incorporate an
override facility to prevent accidental removal or partial withdrawal of
the key.
3.11. Power assistance may be used only to activate the locking and/or
unlocking action of the device to prevent unauthorized use. The device
shall be kept in its operating position by any suitable means which does
not need a power supply.
3.12. It shall not be possible to activate the motive power of the vehicle by
normal meansuntil the device to prevent unauthorized us e hasbeen
deactivated.
3.13. Devices to prevent unauthorized use preventing release of the brakes of
the vehicle shall not be permitted.
3.14. If the device to prevent unauthorized use is equipped with a driver
warning feature it shall be activated when the operator opens the
driver's side door, unless the device has been activated and the key
removed by the operator.
4.Particular specification
In addition to the general specification prescribed in Section 3, the
device to prevent unauthorized use shall meet the particular conditions
prescribed below:
4.1. Devices to prevent unauthorized use acting on the steering
4.1.1. A device to prevent unauthorized use acting on the steering shall render
the steering inoperative. Before the engine can be started, the normal
steering operation must be restored.
4.1.2. When the device to prevent unauthorized use is set to act, it shall not be
possible to prevent the device from functioning.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 20
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4.1.3. The device to prevent unauthorized use must continue to meet items
3.10, 4.1.1, 4.1.2 and 4.1.4 after it hasundergone 2 500 locking cycles
in each direction of the wear producing test specified in Appendix 1.
4.1.4. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall, in its activated position,
satisfy one of the following criteria:
4.1.4.1. It shall be strong enough to withstand, without damage to the steering
mechanism likely to compromise safety, the application of a torque of
300 Nm about the axis of the steering spindle in both directions under
static conditions.
4.1.4.2. It shall incorporate a mechanism designed to yield or slip, such that the
system will withstand, either continuously or intermittently, the applica-
tion of a torque of at least 100 Nm. The locking system must still
withstand the application of this torque after the test specified in
Appendix 2.
4.1.4.3. It shall incorporate a mechanism designed to permit the steering wheel
to rotate freely on the blocked steering spindle. The blocking
mechanism shall be strong enough to withstand the application of a
torque of 200 Nm about the axis of the steering spindle in both direc-
tions under static conditions.
4.1.5. If the device to prevent unauthorized use is such that the key can be
removed in a position other than the position in which the steering is
inoperative, it shall be so designed that the manoeuvre required to reach
that position and remove the key cannot be effected inadvertently.
4.1.6. If a component fails such that the torque requirements specified in
4.1.4.1, 4.1.4.2 and 4.1.4.3 cannot be easily applied, yet the steering
system remains blocked, the system shall satisfy the requirements.
4.2. Devices acting on the transmission
4.2.1. A device to prevent unauthorized use acting on the transmission shall
prevent the rotation of the vehicle'sdriving wheels .
4.2.2. When the device to prevent unauthorized use is set to act, it shall not be
possible to prevent the device from functioning.
4.2.3. It shall not be possible for the transmission to be blocked inadvertently
when the key isin the lock of the device to prevent unauthorized us e,
even if the device preventing starting of the engine has come into
action or been set to act.
4.2.4. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be so designed and
constructed that it remains fully effective even after some degree of
wear asa res ult of 2 500 locking cyclesin each direction.
4.2.5. If the device to prevent unauthorized use is such that the key can be
removed in a position other than the position in which the transmission
is locked, it shall be so designed that the manoeuvre required to reach
that position and remove the key cannot be effected inadvertently.
4.2.6. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be strong enough to with-
stand, without damage likely to compromise safety, the application in
both directionsand in s tatic conditionsof a torque 50 % greater than
the maximum torque that can normally be applied to the transmission.
In determining the level of this testing torque account shall be taken not
of the maximum engine torque, but of the maximum torque that can be
transmitted by the clutch or by the automatic transmission.
4.3. Devices to prevent unauthorized use acting on the gearshift control4.3.1. A device to prevent unauthorized use acting on the gearshift control
shall be capable of preventing any change of gear.
4.3.2. In the case of manual gearboxes it must be possible to lock the gear-
shift lever in reverse only; in addition locking in neutral shall be
permitted.
4.3.3. In the case of automatic gearboxes provided with a ‘parking’ position it
must be possible to lock the mechanism in the paring position only; in
addition locking in neutral and/or reverse shall be permitted.
4.3.4. In the case of automatic gearboxes not provided with a ‘parking’ posi-
tion it must be possible to lock the mechanism in the following
positions only: neutral and/or reverse.
4.3.5. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be so designed and
constructed that it remains fully effective even after some degree of
wear asa res ult of 2 500 locking cyclesin each direction.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 21
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5.Electromechanical and electronic devices to prevent unauthorized
use
Electromechanical and electronic devicesto prevent unauthorized us e,
where fitted, shall comply with the requirements of items 3 and 4 and
item 5 of Annex V, mutatis mutandis .1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 22
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Appendix 1
Wear-producing test procedure for devices to prevent unauthorized use
actingonthesteering
1.Testequipment
1.1. The test equipment shall consist of:
1.1.1. a fixture suitable for mounting the sample steering complete with the
device to prevent unauthorized use attached, as defined in item 2.2 of
Annex IV;
1.1.2. a meansfor activating and deactivating the device to prevent unauthor-
ized use which shall include the use of the key;
1.1.3. a means for rotating the steering shaft relative to the device to prevent
unauthorized use.
2.Testmethod
2.1. A sample of the steering complete with the device to prevent unauthor-
ized use is attached to the fixture referred to in item 1.1.1.
2.2. One cycle of the test procedure shall consist of the following operations:
2.2.1. Start position. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be deacti-
vated and the steering shaft shall be rotated to a position which prevents
engagement of the device to prevent unauthorized use, unless it is of the
type which permits locking in any position of the steering.
2.2.2. Set to activate. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be moved
from the deactivated to the activated position, using the key.
2.2.3. Activated(1). The steering spindle shall be rotated such that the torque on
it, at the instant of engagement of the device to prevent unauthorized use,
shall be 40 Nm ± 2 Nm.
2.2.4. Deactivated. The device to prevent unauthorized use shall be deactivated
by the normal means, the torque being reduced to zero to facilitate disen-
gagement.
2.2.5. Return (1). The steering spindle shall be rotated to a position which
preventsengagement of the device to prevent unauthorized us e.
2.2.6. Opposite rotation. Repeat procedures described in items 2.2.2, 2.2.3, 2.2.4
and 2.2.5, but in the opposite direction of rotation of the steering spindle.
2.2.7. The time interval between two successive engagements of the device
shall be at least 10 seconds.
2.3. The wear-producing cycle shall be repeated the number of times specified
in item 4.1.3 of Annex IV.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 23
(1) If the device to prevent unauthorized use permits locking in any position of the
steering, the procedures described in items 2.2.3 and 2.2.5 shall be omitted.
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Appendix 2
Test procedure for devices to prevent unauthorized use acting on the
steeringusingatorquelimitingdevice
1.Testequipment
1.1. The test equipment shall consist of:
1.1.1. a fixture suitable for holding the relevant parts of a steering system or, if
the test is carried out on a complete vehicle, a jacking system capable of
lifting all the steered wheels clear of the ground; and
1.1.2. a device or devicescapable of producing, and meas uring, a torque aplied
to the steering control as prescribed in item 2.3. The measurement preci-
sion must be less than or equal to 2 %.
2.Testproceduredescription
2.1. If the test is carried out on a complete vehicle, the test shall be carried
out with all the steered wheels of the vehicle held clear of the ground.
2.2. The steering look shall be activated such that the steering is blocked.2.3. A torque shall be applied to the steering control such that it rotates.
2.4. The test cycle includes a rotationof the steering control of 90º followed
by a rotation in the opposite direction of 180º, and a new rotation of 90º
in the original direction (see figure);
1 cycle = + 90º/− 180º/+ 90º with a tolerance of ± 10 %
2.5. A cycle duration isequal to 20 s± 2 s .
2.6. Five test cycles shall be carried out.
2.7. During each of the test cycles the minimum recorded value of the torque
shall be higher than that given in item 4.1.4.2 of this Annex.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 24
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ANNEX V
SCOPE,DEFINITIONANDREQUIREMENTSFORIMMOBILIZERS
1.Scope
1.1. All category M1 vehiclesmus t be equipped with an immobilizer.
1.2. Immobilizersfor fitment to vehiclesof other categoriesisoptional, but
any such device fitted is required to comply accordingly with the provi-
sions of this Annex, mutatis mutandis .
2.Definitions
For the purposes of this Directive:
2.1. ‘Immobilizer’ meansa device which isintended to prevent the driving
away of a vehicle powered by itsown engine.
2.2. ‘Control equipment’ means equipment necessary for the setting and/or
unsetting of an immobilizer.
2.3. ‘Status display’ means any device intended to indicate the status of the
immobilizer (set/unset, change of set to unset and vice versa).
2.4. ‘Set state’ means the state in which the vehicle cannot be driven under
itsown power.
2.5. ‘Unset state’ means the state in which the vehicle can be driven
normally.
2.6. ‘Key’ means any device designed and constructed to provide a method
of operating a locking system, which is designed and constructed to be
operated only by that device.
2.7. ‘Override’ meansa des ign feature which locksthe immobilizer in the
unset condition.
2.8. ‘Type of immobilizer’ means systems which do not differ significantly
in such essential aspects as:
— the manufacturer'strade name or mark,
— the kind of control equipment,
— the design of their operation on the relevant vehicle system(s) (as
referred to in item 4.1).
3.Generalspecifications
3.1. It must be possible to set and unset the immobilizer in accordance with
these requirements.
3.2. If the immobilizer includes the possibility of a radio transmission, e. g.
for setting or unsetting, it shall comply with the relevant ETSI stan-
dards(1).
3.3. An immobilizer and its installation shall be so designed that any
equipped vehicle continuesto meet the technical requirements .
3.4. It shall not be possible for an immobilizer to enter the set state when
the ignition key isin the engine running mode.
3.5. It shall only be possible to override an immobilizer when it is in the
unset condition using a suitable key.
3.6. The immobilizer shall be designed and built such that when installed it
shall not affect the designed function and operation of the vehicle, even
in the case of malfunction.
3.7. An immobilizer shall be designed and built such that, when installed on
a vehicle, according to the manufacturer's instructions, it cannot rapidly
and without attracting attention be rendered ineffective or destroyed by,
e. g. the use of low cost easily concealed tools, equipment or fabrica-
tionsreadily available to the public at large. It s hall be difficult and
time consuming to replace a major component or assembly in order to
bypass the immobilizer.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 25
(1) ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute. If these standards are not
available when thisDirective comesinto force, then the relevant domes tic requirements
shall apply.
▼M1
3.8. An immobilizer shall be so designed and built such that when installed
as specified by the manufacturer it is able to withstand the environment
within the vehicle for a reasonable lifetime (for testing see paragraph
5). More particularly the electrical propertiesof the on-board circuitry
shall not be adversely affected by the addition of the immobilizer
(lead cross-sections, contact safety, etc.).
3.9. An immobilizer may be combined with other vehicle systems or may be
integrated into them (e. g. engine management, alarm systems).
4.Particular specifications
4.1. Extent of disablement
4.1.1. An immobilizer shall be designed so as to prevent the operation of the
vehicle under its own power by at least one of the following means:
4.1.1.1. disable at least two separate vehicle circuits that are needed for vehicle
operation under its own power (e. g. starter motor, ignition, fuel supply,
etc.);
4.1.1.2. interference by code of at least one control unit required for the opera-
tion of the vehicle;
4.1.2. An immobilizer for fitment to a vehicle equipped with a catalytic
converter shall not cause unburnt fuel to enter the exhaust.
4.2. Operating reliability
Operating reliability shall be achieved by suitable design of the immo-
bilizer, account being taken of specific environmental conditions in the
vehicle (see paragraph 3.8 and 5).
4.3. Operating safety
It shall be ensured that the immobilizer does not change its state (set/
unset) as a result of any of the tests in paragraph 5.
4.4. Setting of the immobilizer
4.4.1. The immobilizer must set without supplementary action from the driver
by at least one of the following means:
— at rotation of the ignition key into the ‘0’ position in the ignition
lock and activation of a door; in addition, immobilizerswhich uns et
immediately before or during the normal starting procedure of the
vehicle are permitted to set on turning the ignition off,
— a maximum of 5 minutesafter removing the key of the ignition
lock, or
— when locking the vehicle.
4.5. Unsetting
4.5.1. Unsetting shall be achieved by using one or a combination of the
following devices. Other devices giving equivalent performance are
permitted.
4.5.1.1. A mechanical key, complying with requirementsof Appendix 3 to
Annex VI.
4.5.1.2. A key pad for inputting an individually selectable code having at least
10 000 variants.
4.5.1.3. Electrical/electronic device, e. g. remote control, with a least 50 000
variantsand s hall incorporate rolling codesand/or have a minimum
scan time of 10 days, e. g. a maximum of 5 000 variants per 24 hoursfor 50 000 variantsminimum.
4.6. Statusdis play
4.6.1. To provide information on the status of the immobilizer (set/unset,
change of set to unset and vice versa), optical displays inside and
outside the passenger compartment are allowed. The light intensity of
optical signals installed outside the passenger compartment shall not
exceed 0.5 cd.
4.6.2. If an indication of short-term ‘dynamic’ processes such as changes from
‘set’ to ‘unset’ and vice versa is provided, it shall be optical, according
to paragraph 4.6.1. Such optical indication may also be produced by the
simultaneous operation of the direction indicators and/or passenger
compartment lamp(s), provided that the duration of the optical indica-
tion by the direction indicators does not exceed 3 seconds.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 26
▼M1
5.Operationparametersandtestconditions
5.1. Operation parameters
All components of the immobilizer shall comply with prescriptions
given in point 5 of Annex VI.
Thisrequirement doesnot apply to:
— those components that are fitted and tested as part of the vehicle,
whether or not an immobilizer isfitted (e. g. lamps ); or,
— those components that have previously been tested as part of the
vehicle and documentary evidence hasbeen provided.
5.2. Test conditions
All the tests shall be carried out in sequence on a single immobilizer.
However, at the discretion of the test authority other samples may be
used if this is not considered to affect the results of the other tests.
5.2.1. Operation test
Upon completion of all the tests specified below, the immobilizer shall
be tested under the normal test conditions specified in paragraph
5.2.1.2. of Annex VI to check that it continuesto function normally.
Where necessary, fuses may be replaced prior to the test.
All components of the immobilizer shall comply with prescriptions
given in points5.2.2 to 5.2.8 and 5.2.12 of Annex VI.
6.Instructions
(Items 6.1 to 6.3 for purposes of aftermarket installation only)
Each immobilizer shall be accompanied by:
6.1. Instructions for installation
6.1.1. The list of vehicles and vehicle models for which the device is
intended. This list may be specific or generic, e. g. ‘all cars with petrol
enginesand 12 V negative earth batteries ’.
6.1.2. The method of installation illustrated by photographs and/or very clear
drawings.
6.1.3. Detailed installation instructions provided by the supplier shall be such
that when correctly followed by a competent installer, the safety and
reliability of the vehicle isnot affected.
6.1.4. The supplied installation instructions shall identify the electrical power
requirements of the immobilizer and, where relevant, shall advise an
increasing of battery size.
6.1.5. The supplier shall provide post installation procedures for checking the
vehicle. Particular attention shall be drawn to safety related features.
6.2. A blank installation certificate, an example of which is given in
Appendix 1.
6.3. A general statement to the immobilizer purchaser calling his attention
to the following points:
6.3.1. — the immobilizer should be installed in accordance with the manufac-
turer's instructions;
6.3.2. — the selection of a good installer is recommended (the immobilizer
manufacturer may be contacted to indicate appropriate installers);
6.3.3. — the installation certificate supplied with the immobilizer should be
completed by the installer.
6.4. Instructions for use
6.5. Instructions for maintenance
6.6. A general warning regarding the dangersof making any alterationsor
additionsto the immobilizer; s uch alterationsand additionswould auto-
matically invalidate the certificate of installation referred to in
paragraph 6.2.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 27
▼M1
Appendix 1
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 28
▼M1
ANNEX VI
SCOPE,DEFINITIONSANDREQUIREMENTSFORVEHICLEALARM
SYSTEMS
1.Scope
ThisAnnex appliesto:
1.1. Part I: Vehicle alarm systems (VAS) which are intended to be perma-
nently fitted to vehiclesof ►C2category-M1(1) and ca (1) vehicles
with a technically permissible maximum mass of not more than
2 000 kg (2)◄.
1.2. Part II: Vehiclesof ►C2category-M1(1) and category-N1(1) vehicles
with a technically permissible maximum mass of not more than 2 000
kg◄with regard to their alarm system(s) (AS)(2).
1.3. If such a system is fitted to vehicles of other categories, then it must
comply,mutatis mutandis , with the provisions of this Annex.
PART I
APPROVAL OF VEHICLE ALARM SYSTEM
2.Definitions
For the purpose of Part I of this Annex
2.1. ‘Vehicle alarm system’ (VAS) means a system intended for installa-
tion on (a) type(s) of vehicle(s), designed to indicate intrusion into or
interference with the vehicle; these systems may provide additional
protection against unauthorized use of the vehicle;
2.2. ‘Sensor’ means a device which senses a change which could be
caused by intrusion into or interference with a vehicle;
2.3. ‘Alarm signal device’ means a device indicating that intrusion into or
interference hasoccurred;
2.4. ‘Control equipment’ means equipment necessary for the setting,
unsetting and testing of VAS and for sending an alarm condition to
warning devices;
2.5. ‘Set’ meansthe s tate of a VAS in which an alarm condition can be
transmitted to warning devices;
2.6. ‘Unset’ means the state of a VAS in which an alarm condition cannot
be transmitted to warning devices;
2.7. ‘Key’ means any device designed and constructed to provide a
method of operating a locking system which is designed and
constructed to be operated only by that device;
2.8. ‘Type of vehicle alarm system’ means systems which do not differ
significantly in such essential aspects as:
— the manufacturer'strade name or mark,
— the kind of sensor,— the kind of alarm signal device,— the kind of control equipment;
2.9. ‘Immobilizer’ meansa device which isintended to prevent the us e of
the vehicle powered by itsown engine.
2.10. ‘Panic Alarm’ means a device which enables a person to use an
alarm, installed on the vehicle, to summon assistance in an emer-
gency.
3.Generalspecifications
3.1. VAS shall, in the event of intrusion into or interference with a
vehicle, provide an alarm signal.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 29
(1) M1 & N1 asdefined in Annex II A to Directive 70/156/EEC.
(2) Only vehicles with 12 volts electrical systems are considered.
▼M1
The alarm signal shall be audible and in addition may include optical
alarm devices, or be a radio alarm or any combination of the above.
3.2. VAS shall be designed, constructed and installed in such a way that
the vehicle when equipped shall continue to comply with the relevant
technical requirements, especially with regard to electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC).
3.3. If the VAS includes the possibility of a radio transmission, e. g. for
setting or unsetting of the alarm or for alarm transmission, it shall
comply with the relevant ETSI standards. The frequency must be
433,92 MHz and the maximum radiated power 25 mW.
3.4. The installation of a VAS in a vehicle shall not be capable of influen-
cing the vehicle's performance (in the unset state), or its safe
operation.
3.5. The VAS and componentsthereof s hall not activate inadvertently,
particularly whilst the engine is in its running mode.
3.6. Failure of the VAS, or failure of its electrical supply shall not affect
the safe operation of the vehicle.
3.7. The VAS, itscomponentsand the partscontrolled by them s hall be
designed, built and installed in such a way as to minimize the risk
for anyone to make them inoperative or to destroy them rapidly and
without calling attention, e. g. using low-cost, easily-concealed tools,
equipment or fabricationsreadily available to the public at large.
3.8. The means of setting and unsetting of the VAS shall be designed in
such a way that it does not invalidate the requirements of Annex IV
of thisDirective. Electrical connectionsto componentscovered by
that Annex are allowed.
3.9. The system shall be so arranged that the shorting out of any alarm
signal circuit shall not render inoperative any aspects of the alarm
system, other than the circuit which is shorted out.
3.10. VAS may include an immobilizer which shall comply with the
requirementsof Annex V.
4.Particular specifications
4.1. Protection range4.1.1. Specific requirements
The VAS shall at least detect and signal the opening of any vehicle
door, engine bonnet and luggage compartment. The failure or
switching off of light sources, e. g. passenger compartment light, shall
not impair the control operation.
Additional efficient sensors for information/display, e. g. of intrusions
into the vehicle, e. g. passenger compartment control, window glass
control, breakage of any glazed area, or of attempted vehicle theft,
e. g. inclination sensor; are allowed, taking account of measures to
prevent any unnecessary sounding of the alarm (= false alarm, see
paragraph 4.1.2).
In so far as these additional sensors generate an alarm signal even
after an intrusion has occurred (e. g. by breakage of a glazed area)
or under external influences(e. g. wind), the alarm s ignal, activated
by one of the abovementioned sensors, shall be activated not more
than 10 timeswithin the s ame activation period of the VAS. In this
case the activation period shall be limited by the unsetting of the
system as a result of the vehicle user's action.
Some kinds of additional sensors, e. g. passenger compartment control
(ultrasonic, infra-red) or inclination sensor, etc., may be intentionally
deactivated. In this case, separate deliberate action must be taken each
time before the VAS is set. It must not be possible to deactivate the
sensors while the alarm system is in a set state.
4.1.2. Safety against false alarm.4.1.2.1. By adequate measures, e. g.:
— mechanical design and design of the electrical circuit according to
conditions specific to motor vehicles,
— selection and application of operation and control principles for
the alarm system and components thereof,1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 30
▼M1
it shall be ensured that the VAS both in set and unset conditions,
cannot cause the alarm signal to sound unnecessarily, in the event of:
— an impact on the vehicle: test specified in item 5.2.13,
— electromagnetic compatibility: tests specified in item 5.2.12,— reduction of battery voltage by continuous discharge: test speci-
fied in item 5.2.14,
— false alarm of the passenger compartment control: test specified in
item 5.2.15.
4.1.2.2. If the applicant for approval can demonstrate, e. g. by technical data,
that safety against false alarm is satisfactorily ensured, the technical
service responsible for conducting approval tests may not require
some of the above tests.
4.2. Audible alarm4.2.1. General
The alarm signal shall be clearly audible and recognizable and shall
differ significantly from the other audible signals used in road traffic.
In addition to the original equipment audible warning device, a sepa-
rate audible alarm signal device may be fitted in the area of the
vehicle which iscontrolled by the VAS, where it s hall be protected
against easy, rapid access by persons.
If a separate audible alarm signal device according to item 4.2.3.1 is
used, the original equipment standard audible warning device may
additionally be actuated by the VAS, provided that any tampering
with the standard audible warning device (generally more easilyaccessible) does not affect the operation of the separate audible alarm
signal device.
4.2.2. Duration of the audible alarm signal:
Minimum: 25 s
Maximum: 30 s.
The audible alarm signal may sound again only after the next interfer-
ence with the vehicle i. e. after the abovementioned time span
(Restrictions: see items 4.1.1 and 4.1.2).
Unsetting of the alarm system shall immediately cut the alarm signal.
4.2.3. Specificationsconcerning the audible alarm s ignal.4.2.3.1. Constant tone alarm signal device (constant frequency spectrum), e. g.
horns: acoustical, etc. data according to Appendix 4 of this Annex.
Intermittent alarm signal (on/off):
Trigger frequency 2 Hz ± 1 Hz
On time = off time ± 10 %
4.2.3.2. Audible alarm signal device with frequency modulation: acoustical,
etc. data according to Appendix 4 of this Annex, but equal passage
of a significant frequency range within the abovementioned range
(1 800 through 3 550 Hz) in both directions.
Passage frequency 2 Hz ± 1 Hz
4.2.3.3. Sound level
The sound source shall be:
— either an audible warning device approved under Directive 70/
388/EEC, Section 1 or a device meeting the requirementsof items
1 and 2 of Appendix 4 to thisAnnex,
— however, in the case of a sound source different from the original
equipment audible warning device, the minimum sound level may
be reduced to 100 dB (A), measured under the conditions of
Appendix 4 of thisAnnex.
4.3. Optical alarm — if fitted
4.3.1. General
In the event of intrusion into or interference with the vehicle, the
device shall activate an optical alarm signal as specified in items
4.3.2 and 4.3.3.
4.3.2. Duration of the optical alarm signal1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 31
▼M1
The optical alarm signal shall have a ►C2duration of between 25
s◄and 5 minutesafter the alarm hasbeen activated.
The unsetting of the alarm system shall immediately stop the alarm
signal.
4.3.3. Type of optical alarm signal
Flashing of all direction indicators and/or passenger compartment
light of the vehicle, including all lampsin the s ame electrical circuit.
Trigger frequency 2 Hz ± 1 HzIn relation to the audible signal, also asynchronous signals are
allowed.
On time = off time ± 10 %.
4.4. Radio alarm (pager) — if fitted
The VAS may include a facility generating an alarm signal by radio
transmission.
4.5. Alarm system setting lock
When the engine isin itsrunning mode, deliberate or inadvertent
setting of the alarm system shall be impossible.
4.6. Setting and unsetting of the VAS
4.6.1. Setting
Any suitable means of setting of the VAS is allowed, provided that
such means does not inadvertently cause false alarms.
4.6.2. Unsetting
Unsetting of the VAS shall be achieved by one or a combination of
the following devices: (other devices giving equivalent performance
are permitted.)
4.6.2.1. — a mechanical key (complying with requirementsof Appendix 3 to
thisAnnex) which can be coupled with a centralized vehicle
locking system comprising at least 1 000 variants, operated from
the outside,
4.6.2.2. — electrical/electronic device, e. g. remote control, with at least
50 000 variantswhich s hall incorporate a rolling code and/or
have a minimum scan time of 10 days, e. g. a maximum of
5 000 variantsper 24 hoursfor 50 000 variantsminimum,
4.6.2.3. — a mechanical key or an electrical/electronic device within the
protected passenger compartment, with timed exit/entry delay.
4.7. Exit delay
If the switching device for setting the VAS is fitted within the
protected area, an exit delay shall be provided. It shall be possible
for the exit delay to be set between 15 seconds and 45 seconds after
the switch has been operated. The delay period may be adjustable to
suit individual operator's circumstances.
4.8. Entry delay
If the switching device for setting the VAS is fitted within the
protected area, a delay of 5 seconds minimum and 15 seconds
maximum shall be allowed before the activation of the audible and
optical alarm signals. The delay period may be adjustable to suit indi-
vidual operators circumstances.
4.9. Statusdis play
4.9.1. To provide information on the status of the VAS (set, unset, alarm
setting period, alarm has been activated), optical displays inside and
outside the passenger compartment are allowed. The light intensity
of optical signals installed outside the passenger compartment shall
not exceed 0,5 cd.
4.9.2. If an indication of short-term ‘dynamic’ processes such as changes
from ‘set’ to ‘unset’ and vice versa is provided, it shall be optical,
according to item 4.9.1. Such optical indication may also be produced
by the simultaneous operation of direction indicators and/or passenger
compartment lamp(s), provided that the duration of the optical indica-
tion by direction indicators does not exceed 3 seconds.
4.10. Power supply1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 32
▼M1
The source of power for the VAS may be the vehicle battery.
Where provided, an additional battery shall be rechargeable and it
shall by no means supply energy to the other parts of the vehicle's
electrical system.
4.11. Specificationsfor optional functions4.11.1. Self-check, automatic failure indication
On setting the VAS, irregular situations, e. g. open doors, etc., may be
detected by a self-check function (plausibility control), and this situa-
tion may be indicated.
4.11.2. Panic alarm
An optical and/or audible and/or radio alarm isallowed independent
of the state (set or unset) and/or function of the VAS. Such an alarm
shall be triggered from within the vehicle and shall not affect the state
(set or unset) of the VAS. Also it must be possible for the vehicle
user to switch off the panic alarm. In the case of an audible alarm,
its sounding duration per activation shall not be restricted. A panic
alarm shall not immobilize the engine or stop it if it is running.
5.Operationparametersandtestconditions (
1)
5.1. Operation parameters
All componentsof the VAS s hall operate without any failure under
the following conditions.
5.1.1. Climatic conditions
Two classes of environmental temperature are defined as follows:
— − 40 ºC to + 85 ºC for parts to be fitted in the passenger or
luggage compartment,
— − 40 ºC to + 125 ºC for partsto be fitted in the engine compart-
ment unless otherwise specified.
5.1.2. Degree of protection for installation
The following degreesof protection in accordance with IEC publica-
tion 529-1989 shall be provided:
— IP 40 for parts to be fitted in the passenger compartment,
— IP 42 for parts to be fitted in the passenger compartment of road-
sters/convertibles and cars with moveable roof-panels if the
installation location requires a higher degree of protection than
IP 40,
— IP 54 for all other parts.
The VAS manufacturer shall specify in the installation instructions
any restrictions on the positioning of any part of the installation with
respect to dust, water and temperature.
5.1.3. Weatherability
Seven daysaccording to IEC 68-2-30-1980.
5.1.4. Electrical conditions
Rated supply voltage: 12 V
Operation supply voltage range: from 9 V to 15 V in the temperature
range according to item 5.1.1.
Time allowance for excess voltages at 23 ºC:
U = 18 V, maximum 1 hour,
U = 24 V, maximum 1 minute.
5.2. Test conditions5.2.1. Operation tests5.2.1.1. Compliance of the VAS with the following specifications shall be
checked:
— alarm duration according to items4.2.2 and 4.3.2,1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 33
(1) Lampswhich are us ed aspart of the optical alarm devicesand which are included in
the standard car lighting system need not comply with the operation parameters in item
5.1 and shall not be submitted to tests listed under item 5.2.
▼M1
— frequency and on/off ratio according to items4.3.3 and 4.2.3.1 or
4.2.3.2 respectively,
— number of alarm cyclesaccording to item 4.1.1, if applicable,— alarm systems setting lock check according to item 4.5.
5.2.1.2. Normal test conditions
Voltage U = 12 V ± 0,2 V
Temperature T = 23 ºC ± 5 ºC
5.2.2. Resistance to temperature and voltage changes
Compliance with the specifications defined under item 5.2.1.1 shall
also be checked under the following conditions:
5.2.2.1. Test temperature T = -40 ºC ± 2 ºC
Test voltage U = 9 V ± 0,2 VStorage duration 4 hours
5.2.2.2. For parts to be fitted in the passenger or luggage compartment
Test temperature T = 85 ºC ± 2 ºC
Test voltage U = 15 V ± 0,2 VStorage duration 4 hours
5.2.2.3. For parts to be fitted in the engine compartment unless otherwise
specified
Test temperature T = 125 ºC ± 2 ºC
Test voltage U = 15 V ± 0,2 VStorage duration 4 hours
5.2.2.4. The VAS, in both set and unset state, shall be submitted to an excess
voltage equal to 18 V ± 0,2 V for 1 hour.
5.2.2.5. The VAS, in both set and unset state, shall be submitted to an excess
voltage equal to 24 V ± 0,2 V for 1 minute.
5.2.3. Safe operation after foreign body and water-tightness testing
After the test for tightness for foreign body and water according to
IEC 529-1989, for degreesof protection asin item 5.1.2, the opera-
tion tests according to item 5.2.1 shall be repeated.
5.2.4. Safe operation after condensed water test
After a resistance-to-humidity test to be carried out according to IEC
68-2-30-1980 the operation tests according to item 5.2.1 shall be
repeated.
5.2.5. Test for safety against reversed polarity
The VAS and components thereof shall not be destroyed by reversed
polarity up to 13 V during 2 minutes.
After this test the operation tests according to item 5.2.1 shall be
repeated.
5.2.6. Test for safety against short-circuits
All electrical connections of the VAS must be short-circuit proof
against earth, maximum 13 V and/or fused.
After this test the operation tests according to item 5.2.1 shall be
repeated, with fuses changed if necessary.
5.2.7. Energy consumption in the set condition
The energy consumption in set condition under the conditions given
in item 5.2.1.2 shall not exceed 20 mA for the complete alarm system
including status display and immobilizer, if fitted.
5.2.8. Safe operation after vibration test
5.2.8.1. For this test, the components are subdivided into two types:
Type 1: componentsnormally mounted on the vehicle;
Type 2: componentsintended for attachment to the engine.
5.2.8.2. The components/VAS shall be submitted to a sinusoidal vibration
mode whose characteristics are as follows:1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 34
▼M1
5.2.8.2.1. For type 1
The frequency shall be variable from 10 Hz to 500 Hz with a
maximum amplitude of ± 5 mm and maximum acceleration of 3 g
(0-peak).
5.2.8.2.2. For type 2
The frequency shall be variable from 20 Hz to 300 Hz with a
maximum amplitude of ± 2 mm and maximum acceleration of 15 g
(0-peak).
5.2.8.2.3. For both type 1 and type 2:
the frequency variation is1 octave/min;
The number of cycles is 10, the test shall be performed along each of
the 3 axes;
the vibrationsare applied at low frequenciesat a maximum cons tant
amplitude and at a maximum constant acceleration at high frequen-
cies.
5.2.8.3. During the test the VAS shall be electrically connected and the cable
shall be supported after 200 mm.
5.2.8.4. After the vibration test the operation test according to item 5.2.1 shall
be repeated.
5.2.9. Durability test
Under the test conditions specified in item 5.2.1.2, triggering of 300
complete alarm cycles(audible and/or optical) with a res t time of the
audible device of 5 minutes.
5.2.10. Tests for external key switch (installed on the outside of the vehicle)
The following tests shall only be performed if the locking cylinder of
the original equipment door lock isnot us ed.
5.2.10.1. The key switch shall be so designed and constructed that it remains
fully effective even after:
— 2 500 set/unset cycles in each direction, followed by,
— 96 hours minimum of exposure to salt spray test according to IEC
68-2-11-1981, corrosion resistance test.
5.2.11. Test of systems for the protection of the passenger compartment
The alarm shall be activated, when a vertical panel of 0,2 × 0,15 m is
inserted for 0,3 m (measured from the centre of the vertical panel)
through an open front door window into the passenger compartment,
towardsthe front and parallel to the road at a s peed of 0,4 m/sand at
an angle of 45º with the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle.
(See drawingsin Appendix 2 to thisAnnex).
5.2.12. Electromagnetic compatibility
Vehicle alarm systems shall comply with the relevant technical
requirements, especially with regard to electromagnetic compatibility(EMC).
5.2.13. Safety against false alarm in the event of an impact on the vehicle
It shall be verified that an impact of up to 4,5 Joules of a hemisphe-
rical body with 165 mm in diameter and (70 ± 10) Shore A applied
anywhere to the vehicle bodywork or glazing with thiscurved s urface
does not cause false alarms.
5.2.14. Safety against false alarm in the event of a voltage reduction
It shall be verified that slow reduction of the main battery voltage by
continuous discharge of 0,5 V/h down to 3 V does not cause false
alarms.
Test conditions: see item 5.2.1.2.
5.2.15. Test for safety against false alarm of the passenger compartment
control
Systems intended for the protection of the passenger compartment
according to item 4.1.1 shall be tested together with a vehicle under
normal conditions(item 5.2.1.2).
The system, installed according to the manufacturer's instructions,
shall not be triggered when subjected 5 times to the test described in
item 5.2.13 at intervalsof 0,5 s .1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 35
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The presence of a person touching or moving around the outside of
the vehicle (windows closed) shall not cause any false alarm.
6.Instructions
Each VAS shall be accompanied by:
6.1. Instructions for installation:6.1.1. The list of vehicles and vehicle models for which the device is
intended. This list may be specific or generic, e. g. ‘all cars with
petrol enginesand 12 V negative earth batteries ’.
6.1.2. The method of installation illustrated by photographs and/or very
clear drawings.
6.1.3. In the case of VAS which include immobilizer, additional instructions
regarding compliance with requirementsof Annex V are to be
provided.
6.2. A blank installation certificate, an example of which is given in
Appendix 1 to thisAnnex.
6.3. A general statement to the VAS purchaser calling his attention to the
following points:
— the VAS should be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions,
— the selection of a good installer is recommended (the VAS manu-
facturer may be contacted to indicate appropriate installers),
— the installation certificate supplied with the VAS should be
completed by the installer.
6.4. Instructions for use
6.5. Instructions for maintenance6.6. A general warning regarding the danger of making any alterationsor
additions to the system; such alterations or additions would automati-
cally invalidate the certificate of installation referred to in item 6.2.
6.7. Indication of the location(s) of the approval mark mentioned in Annex
I of thisDirective and/or the certificate of conformity mentioned in
thisDirective.
PART II
APPROVAL OF A VEHICLE WITH REGARD TO ITS ALARM SYSTEM
When a VAS approved to Part I of thisAnnex isbeing us ed in a
vehicle submitted for approval to Part II of this Annex, tests required
to be passed by a VAS in order to obtain approval to Part I of this
Annex shall not be repeated.
7.Definitions
For the purpose of Part II of this Annex:
7.1. ‘Alarm system(s)’ (AS) means an arrangement of components fitted
as original equipment in a vehicle type, designed to indicate intrusion
into or interference with the vehicle; these systems may provide addi-
tional protection against unauthorized use of the vehicle.
7.2. ‘Vehicle type with regard to its alarm system’ means vehicles which
do not differ significantly in such essential aspects as:
— the manufacturer'strade name or mark,
— vehicle featureswhich s ignificantly influence the performancesof
the AS,
— the type and design of the AS or VAS.
7.3. Other definitionsapplicable to Part II are contained in item 2 of this
Annex.
8.Generalspecifications
8.1. As shall be designed and built in such a way that they, in the event of
intrusion into or interference with a vehicle, provide an alarm signal.
The alarm signal shall be audible and in addition may include optical
alarm devices, or be a radio alarm, or any combination of the above.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 36
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8.2. Vehicles which are equipped with alarm systems shall comply with
the relevant technical requirements, especially with regard to electro-
magnetic compatibility (EMC).
8.3. If the AS includes the possibility of a radio transmission, e. g. for
setting or unsetting of the alarm or for alarm transmission, it shall
comply with the relevant ETSI standards (see footnote 3 pertinent to
item 3.3). The frequency must be 433,92 MHz and the maximum
radiated power 25 mW.
8.4. The AS and componentsthereof s hall not activate inadvertently, parti-
cularly whilst the engine is in its running mode.
8.5. Failure of the AS, or failure of its electrical supply, shall not affect
the safe operation of the vehicle.
8.6. The alarm system, its components and the parts controlled by them
shall be so installed as to minimize the risk for anyone to make
them inoperative or to destroy them rapidly and without calling atten-
tion, e. g. using low-cost, easily-concealed tools, equipment or
fabricationsreadily available to the public at large.
8.7. The system shall be so arranged that the shorting out of any alarm
signal circuit shall not render inoperative any aspects of the alarm
system, other than the circuit which is shorted out.
8.8. The AS may include an immobilizer which shall comply with the
requirementsof Annex V.
9.Particular specifications
9.1. Protection range
9.1.1. Specific requirements
The AS shall at least detect and signal the opening of any vehicle
door, engine bonnet and luggage compartment. The failure or
switching off of light sources, e. g. passenger compartment light, shall
not impair the control operation..
The installation of additional efficient sensors for information/display,
e. g.:
— of intrusions into the vehicle, e. g. passenger compartment control,
window glass control, breakage of a glazed area, or
— of attempted vehicle theft, e. g. inclination sensor,
are allowed, taking account of measures to prevent any unnecessary
sounding of the alarm (false alarm, see item 9.1.2).
In so far as these additional sensors generate an alarm signal even
after an intrusion has occurred (e. g. by breakage of a glazed area)
or under external influences(e.g. wind), the alarm s ignal, activated
by one of the abovementioned sensors, shall be activated not more
than 10 timeswithin the s ame activation period of the AS.
In this case the activation period shall be limited by the unsetting of
the system as a result of the vehicle user's action.
Some kinds of additional sensors, e. g. passenger compartment control
(ultrasonic, infra-red) or inclination sensor, etc., may be intentionally
deactivated. In this case, separate deliberate action must be taken each
time before the AS is set. It must not be possible to deactivate the
sensors while the alarm system is in a set state.
9.1.2. Safety against false alarm9.1.2.1. It shall be ensured that the AS both in set and unset conditions,
cannot cause the alarm signal to sound unnecessarily, in the event of:
— an impact on the vehicle: test specified in item 5.2.13,
— reduction of battery voltage by continuous discharge; test speci-
fied in item 5.2.14,
— false alarm of the passenger compartment control: test specified in
item 5.2.15.
9.1.2.2. If the applicant for approval can demonstrate, e. g. by technical data,
that safety against false alarm is satisfactorily ensured, the technical
service responsible for conduction approval tests may not require
some of the above tests.
9.2. Audible alarm
9.2.1. General1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 37
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The alarm signal shall be clearly audible and recognizable and shall
differ significantly from the other audible signals used in road traffic.
In addition to the original equipment audible warning device, a sepa-
rate audible alarm signal device may be fitted in the area of the
vehicle which iscontrolled by the AS, where it s hall be protected
against easy, rapid access by persons.
If a separate audible alarm signal device according to item 9.2.3.1
below is used, the original equipment standard audible warning device
may additionally be actuated by the AS, provided that any tampering
with the standard audible warning device (generally more easily
accessible) does not affect the operation of the separate audible alarm
signal device.
9.2.2. Duration of the audible alarm signal
Minimum: 25 s
Maximum: 30 s.
The audible alarm signal may sound again only after the next interfer-
ence with the vehicle, i. e. after the abovementioned time span.
(Restrictions: see item 9.1.1 and 9.1.2).
Unsetting of the alarm system shall immediately cut the alarm signal.
9.2.3. Specificationsconcerning the audible alarm s ignal.
9.2.3.1. Constant tone alarm signal device (constant frequency spectrum), e. g.
horns: acoustical, etc. data according to Appendix 4 of this Annex.
Intermittent alarm signal (on/off):Trigger frequency 2 Hz ± 1 Hz
On time = off time ± 10 %
9.2.3.2. Audible alarm signal device with frequency modulation:
acoustical, etc. data according to Appendix 4 of this Annex but equal
passage of a significant frequency range with the abovementioned
range (1 800 through 3 550 Hz) in both directions.
Passage frequency 2 Hz ± 1 Hz
9.2.3.3. Sound level
The sound source shall be:
— either an audible warning device approved under Directive 70/
388/EEC, Section 1 or a device meeting the requirementsof items
1 and 2 of Appendix 4 to thisAnnex,
— however, in the case of a sound source different from the original
equipment audible warning device, the minimum sound level maybe reduced to 100 dB (A), measured under the conditions of
Appendix 4 of thisAnnex.
9.3. Optical alarm — if fitted9.3.1. General
In the event of intrusion into or interference with the vehicle the
device shall activate an optical alarm as specified in items 9.3.2 and
9.3.3.
9.3.2. Duration of the optical alarm signal
The optical alarm signal shall have a duration between 25 s and 5
minutesafter the alarm hasbeen activated. The uns etting of the alarm
system shall immediately stop the alarm signal.
9.3.3. Type of optical alarm signal
Flashing of all direction indicators and/or passenger compartment
light of the vehicle including all lampsin the s ame electrical circuit.
Trigger frequency 2 Hz ± 1 HzIn relation to the audible signal, also asynchronous signals are
allowed.
One time = off time ± 10 %
9.4. Radio alarm (pager) — if fitted
The AS may include a facility generating an alarm signal by radio
transmission.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 38
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9.5. Alarm system setting lock
9.5.1. When the engine isin itsrunning mode, deliberate or inadvertent
setting of the alarm system shall be impossible.
9.6. Setting and unsetting of the alarm system
9.6.1. Setting
Any suitable means of setting of the AS is allowed, provided that
such means does not inadvertently cause false alarms.
9.6.2. Unsetting
Unsetting of the AS shall be achieved by one or a combination of the
following devices.
Other devicesgiving equivalent performance are permitted.
9.6.2.1. A mechanical key (complying with requirementsof Appendix 3 to
thisAnnex) which can be coupled with a centralized vehicle locking
system comprising at least 1 000 variants, operated from the outside.
9.6.2.2. Electrical/electronic device, e. g. remote control, with at least 50 000
variantswhich s hall incorporate a rolling code and/or have a
minimum scan time of 10 days, e. g. a maximum of 5 000 variants
per 24 hoursfor 50 000 variantsminimum.
9.6.2.3. A mechanical key or an electrical/electronic device within the
protected passenger compartment, with time exit/entry delay.
9.7. Exit delay
If the switching device for setting the AS is fitted within the protected
area, an exit delay shall be provided. It shall be possible for the exit
delay to be set between 15 seconds and 45 seconds after the switch
has been operated. The delay period may be adjustable to suit indivi-
dual operators circumstances.
9.8. Entry delay
If the device for unsetting the AS is fitted within the protected area, a
delay of 5 seconds minimum and 15 seconds maximum shall be
allowed before the activation of the audible and optical alarm signals.
The delay period may be adjustable to suit individual operators
circumstances.
9.9. Statusdis play
9.9.1. To provide information on the status of the AS (set, unset, alarm
setting period alarm has been activated), the installation of optical
displays is allowed inside and outside the passenger compartment.
The light intensity of optical signals installed outside the passenger
compartment shall not exceed 0,5 cd.
9.9.2. If an indication of short-term ‘dynamic’ processes such as changes
from ‘set’ to ‘unset’ and vice versa is provided, it shall be optical,
according to paragraph 9.9.1. Such optical indication may also be
produced by the simultaneous operation of direction indicators and/
or passenger compartment lamp(s), provided that the duration of the
optical indication by direction indicators does not exceed 3 seconds.
9.10. Power supply
The source of power for the AS may be the vehicle battery.
Where provided, an additional battery shall be rechargeable and it
shall by no means supply energy to the other parts of the vehicle's
electrical system.
9.11. Specificationsfor optional functions9.11.1. Self check, automatic failure indication
On setting the AS, irregular situations, e. g. open doors, etc., may be
detected by a self-check function (plausibility control), and this situa-
tion may be indicated.
9.11.2. Panic alarm
An optical and/or audible and/or radio alarm isallowed independent
of the state (set or unset) and/or function of the AS. Such an alarm
shall be triggered from within the vehicle and shall not affect the state
(set or unset) of the AS. Also it must be possible for he vehicle user
to switch off the panic alarm. In the case of an audible alarm, its1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 39
▼M1
sounding duration per activation shall not be restricted. A panic alarm
shall not immobilize the engine or stop it if it is running.
10.Testconditions
All components of the VAS or AS shall be tested in accordance with
proceduresdes cribed in item 5.
Thisrequirement doesnot apply to:
10.1. Those components that are fitted and tested as part of the vehicle,
whether or not a VAS/AS isfitted (e. g. lamps ); or
10.2. Those components that have previously been tested as part of the
vehicle and documentary evidence hasbeen provided.
11.Instructions
Each vehicle shall be accompanied by:
11.1. Instructions for use
11.2. Instructions for maintenance11.3. A general warning regarding the danger of making any alterationsor
additions to the system.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 40
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Appendix 1
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 41
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Appendix 2
Item 5.2.11
Testofsystemsfortheprotectionofthepassengercompartment
1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 42
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Appendix 3
Specificationformechanicalkeyswitches
1. The cylinder of the key switch shall not protrude by more than 1 mm from
the cowling, and the protruding part shall be conical.
2. The joint between the cylinder core and the cylinder casing shall be capable
of withstanding a tensile force of 600 N and a torque of 25 Nm.
3. The key switch shall be provided with a cylinder drill obstruction.
4. The key profile shall have at least 1 000 effective permutations.
5. The key switch shall not be operable by a key which differs by only one
permutation from the key matching the key switch.
6. The key aperture to an external key switch shall be shuttered or otherwise
protected against the penetration of dirt and/or water.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 43
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Appendix 4
Technicalprescriptionsforaudiblealarmdevices(AAD)
1. The AAD shall emit a continuous and uniform sound, its acoustic spec-
trum shall not vary substantially during its operation. For AAD supplied
with alternating current, this requirement shall apply only at constant
generator speed, within the range specified in item 2.1.3.2.
2. The AAD shall have acoustic characteristics (spectral distribution of the
acoustic energy sound pressure level) and mechanical characteristics
such than it can satisfy the following tests, in the order indicated.
2.1. Measurement of sound characteristics
2.1.1. The AAD should, preferably, be tested in an anechoic environment.
Alternatively, it may be tested in a semi-anechoic chamber or in an
open space. In this case, precautions shall be taken to avoid reflections
from the ground within the measuring area (for instance by erecting a
set of absorbing screens). Compliance with the spherical divergence to
a limit of 1 dB within a hemisphere of not less than 5 m radius, up to
the maximum frequency to be measured, especially in the measuring
direction and at the height of the apparatusand the microphone, s hall
be checked.
The ambient noise level shall be at least 10 dB lower than the sound
pressure level to be measured.
The device to be tested and the microphone shall be placed at the same
height. Thisheight s hall be between 1,15 and 1,25 m. The axisof
maximum sensitivity of the microphone shall coincide with the direc-
tion of the maximum sound level of the device.
The microphone shall be so placed that its diaphragm is at a distance of
2 ± 0,01 m from the plane of the sound outlet of the device. In the case
of devices with several outlets, the distance shall be determined in rela-
tion to the plane of the nearest outlet to the microphone.
2.1.2. The measurements of the sound pressure levels shall be made with a
class 1 precision sound level meter conforming to the specifications of
IEC Publication No 651, first edition (1979).
All measurements shall be made using the time constant ‘F’. The
measurement of the overall sound pressure level shall be made using
the weighting curve A.
The spectrum of the sound emitted shall be measured according to the
Fourier transform of the acoustic signal. Alternatively one-third octave
filters conforming to the specifications of IEC Publication No 225, first
edition (1966) may be used:
in this case, the sound pressure level in the mid-band frequency
2 500 Hz shall be determined by adding the quadratic means of the
sound pressures in the one-third mid-band frequencies 2 000, 2 500
and 3 150 Hz.
In every case, only the Fourier transform method shall be regarded as a
reference method.
2.1.3. The AAD shall be supplied with current, as appropriate, at the
following voltages:
2.1.3.1. in the case of AAD supplied with direct current, at one of the test
voltagesof 6,5, 13 or 26 voltsmeas ured at the terminal of the electric
power source and corresponding respectively to rated voltages of 6, 12
or 24 volts;
2.1.3.2. in the case of AAD supplied with alternating current, the current shall
be supplied by an electric generator of the type normally used with this
type of AAD. The acoustic characteristics of the AAD shall be recorded
for electric generator speeds corresponding to 50 %, 75 % and 100 %
of the maximum speed indicated by the manufacturer of the generator
for continuous operation. During this test, no other electrical load shall
be imposed on the electric generator. The endurance test described in
item 3 shall be carried out at a speed indicated by the manufacturer of
the equipment and selected from the above range.
2.1.4. If a rectified current source is used for the tests of an AAD supplied
with direct current, the alternating component of the voltage measured
at its terminals, when the warning devices are in operation, shall not be
more than 0,1 volt, peak to peak.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 44
▼M1
2.1.5. For AAD supplied with direct current, the resistance of the connecting
leads, including terminals and contacts, shall be as close as possible to:
— 0,05 ohmsfor a 6 volt circuit,
— 0,10 ohmsfor a 12 volt circuit,— 0,20 ohmsfor a 24 volt circuit.
2.1.6. The device shall be rigidly mounted, using the part or parts provided by
the manufacturer, on a support whose mass is at least 10 times that of
the device and not less than 30 kg. In addition, arrangements must be
made to ensure that reflexions on the sides of the support and its own
vibrations have not appreciable affect on the measuring results.
2.1.7. Under the conditions set forth above, the sound-pressure level weighted
in accordance with curve A shall not exceed 118 dB(A).
2.1.7.1. In addition, the sound pressure level in the frequency band 1 800 to
3 500 Hz shall be greater than that of any component of a frequency
above 3 500 Hz and in any event equal to or greater than 105 dB (A).
2.1.8. The specifications indicated above shall also be met by a device
subjected to the endurance test referred to in item 3 below, with the
supply voltage varying between 115 % and 95 % of its rated voltage
for AAD supplied with direct current or, for AAD supplied with alter-
nating current, between 50 % and 100 % of the maximum speed of the
generator indicated by the manufacturer for continuousoperation.
2.1.9. The time lapse between the moment of activation and the moment at
which the sound reaches the minimum level laid down in item 2.1.7
shall not exceed 0,2 seconds, measured in an ambient temperature of
20 ± 5 ºC.
This provision shall apply in particular to pneumatically or electro-
pneumatically operated devices.
2.1.10. Deviceswhich are pneumatically or electro-pneumatically operated
shall, with the pneumatic circuit arranged in accordance with the manu-
facturer's specification, have the same acoustic performance as thatrequired for electrically operated audible AAD.
2.1.11. In the case of multiple-tone devices in which each sound-emitting unit
iscapable of functioning independently, the minimum valuess pecified
above shall be obtained when each of the constituent units is operated
separately. The maximum value of the overall sound level shall not be
exceeded when all the constituent units are operated simultaneously.
3. Endurance tests3.1. The AAD shall be supplied with current at the rated voltage and with
the connecting lead resistances specified in items 2.1.3 and 2.1.5, and
operated 50 000 times, each time for one second followed by an
interval of four seconds. During the test, the AAD shall be ventilated
by an air current having a speed of approximately 10 m/sec.
3.2. If the test is carried out in an anechoic chamber, the latter shall be of
sufficient volume to allow normal dispersal of the heat emitted by the
device during the endurance test.
3.3. The ambient temperatures in the test room shall be between + 15 and
+ 30 ºC.
3.4. If, after the AAD hasbeen operated for half the number of times
prescribed, the sound-level characteristics are no longer the same as
before the test, the AAD may be adjusted. After being operated the
prescribed number of times, and after further adjustment if necessary,
the AAD must pass the test described in item 2.1.
3.5. For warning devicesof the electro-pneumatic type, the device may be
lubricated with the oil recommended by the manufacturer after every
10 000 timesof the operation.
4. Approval tests
4.1. The tests shall be carried out on two samples of each type submitted by
the manufacturer for approval; both the samples shall be subjected to all
the tests and must conform to the technical specifications laid down in
thisAppendix.1974L0061 — EN — 19.12.1995 — 001.001 — 45