02006X1227(03) — EN — 27.12.2006 — 000.001

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Corrected by:









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Regulation No 107 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of category M2 or M3 vehicles with regard to their general construction

Revision 1

Incorporating all valid text up to:

01 series of amendments to the Regulation — date of entry into force 12 August 2004

Corrigendum 1 — 19.10.2004

Corrigendum 2 — 25.1.2006

1. SCOPE

1.1. This Regulation applies to every single-deck, double-deck, rigid or articulated vehicle of category M2 or M3 ( 1 )

1.2. However, the requirements of this Regulation do not apply to the following vehicles:

1.2.1. vehicles designed for the secure transport of persons, for example prisoners;

1.2.2. vehicles specially designed for the carriage of injured or sick persons (ambulances);

1.2.3. off-road vehicles;

1.2.4. vehicles specially designed for the carriage of schoolchildren.

1.3. The requirements of this Regulation apply to the following vehicles only to the extent that they are compatible with their intended use and function:

1.3.1. vehicles designed for use by police, security and armed forces;

1.3.2. vehicles which contain seating intended solely for use when the vehicle is stationary, but which are not designed to carry more than 8 persons (excluding the driver) when in motion. Examples of these include mobile libraries, mobile churches and mobile hospitality units. The seats in such vehicles which are designated for use when the vehicle is in motion must be clearly identified to users.

2. DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Regulation:

2.1. ‘Vehicle’ means a vehicle of category M2 or M3 within the scope defined by paragraph 1.

2.1.1. For vehicles having a capacity exceeding 22 passengers in addition to the driver, there are three classes of vehicles:

2.1.1.1. ‘Class I’: vehicles constructed with areas for standing passengers, to allow frequent passenger movement.

2.1.1.2. ‘Class II’: vehicles constructed principally for the carriage of seated passengers, and designed to allow the carriage of standing passengers in the gangway and/or in an area which does not exceed the space provided for two double seats.

2.1.1.3. ‘Class III’: vehicles constructed exclusively for the carriage of seated passengers.

2.1.1.4. A vehicle may be regarded as belonging in more than one Class. In such a case it may be approved for each Class to which it corresponds.

2.1.2. For vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers in addition to the driver, there are two classes of vehicles:

2.1.2.1. ‘Class A’: vehicles designed to carry standing passengers; a vehicle of this class has seats and shall have provision for standing passengers.

2.1.2.2. ‘Class B’: vehicles not designed to carry standing passengers; a vehicle of this class has no provision for standing passengers.

2.1.3. ‘Articulated vehicle’ means a vehicle which consists of two or more rigid sections which articulate relative to one another; the passenger compartments of each section intercommunicate so that passengers can move freely between them; the rigid sections are permanently connected so that they can only be separated by an operation involving facilities which are normally only found in a workshop;

2.1.3.1. ‘Double-decker articulated vehicle’ means a vehicle which consists of two or more rigid sections which articulate relative to one another; the passenger compartments of each section intercommunicate on at least one deck so that passengers can move freely between them; the rigid sections are permanently connected so that they can only be separated by an operation involving facilities which are normally only found in a workshop.

2.1.4. ‘Low floor bus’ is a vehicle of class I, II or A in which at least 35 % of the area available for standing passengers (or in its forward section in the case of articulated vehicles, or in its lower deck in the case of double-decker vehicles) forms an area without steps and includes access to at least one service door.

2.1.5. ‘Bodywork’ means a separate technical unit comprising all the special internal and external equipment of the vehicle.

2.1.6. ‘Double-deck vehicle’ means a vehicle where the provided spaces for passengers are arranged, at least in one part, in two superimposed levels and spaces for standing passengers are not provided in the upper deck.

2.1.7. ‘Separate technical unit’ means a device intended to be part of a vehicle, which may be type-approved separately but only in relation to one or more specified types of vehicle;

2.2. ‘Definition of type(s)’

2.2.1. ‘Vehicle type’ means vehicles, which do not differ in the following essential aspects:

(a) bodywork manufacturer;

(b) chassis manufacturer;

(c) vehicle concept (> 22 passengers or < 22 passengers);

(d) bodywork concept (single/double-deck, articulated, low-floor);

(e) bodywork type if the bodywork has been approved as a separate technical unit.

2.2.2. ‘Bodywork type’ for the purposes of type-approval as a separate technical unit means a category of bodywork which does not essentially differ in the following aspects:

(a) bodywork manufacturer;

(b) vehicle concept (> 22 passengers or < 22 passengers);

(c) bodywork concept (single/double-deck, articulated, low-floor);

(d) mass of the completely equipped vehicle bodywork, differing by 10 %;

(e) specified types of vehicle on which the type of the bodywork can be installed.

2.3. ‘Approval of a vehicle or a separate technical unit’ means the approval of a vehicle type, or of a bodywork type as defined in paragraph 2.2 with regard to the constructional features specified in this Regulation.

2.4. ‘Superstructure’ means the part of the bodywork which contributes to the strength of the vehicle in the event of a roll-over accident.

2.5. ‘Service door’ means a door intended for use by passengers in normal circumstances with the driver seated.

2.6. ‘Double door’ means a door affording two, or the equivalent of two, access passages.

2.7. ‘Sliding door’ means a door which can be opened or closed only by sliding it along one or more rectilinear or approximately rectilinear rails.

2.8. ‘Emergency door’ means a door intended for use by passengers as an exit only exceptionally, and in particular in an emergency.

2.9. ‘Emergency window’ means a window, not necessarily glazed, intended for use as an exit by passengers in an emergency only.

2.10. ‘Double or multiple window’ means an emergency window which, when divided into two or more parts by imaginary vertical line(s) (or plane(s)), exhibits two or more parts respectively, each of which complies as to dimensions and access with the requirements applicable to a normal emergency window.

2.11. ‘Escape hatch’ means an opening in the roof or the floor intended for use as an emergency exit by passengers in an emergency only.

2.12. ‘Emergency exit’ means an emergency door, emergency window or escape hatch.

2.13. ‘Exit’ means a service door, intercommunication staircase, half-staircase or emergency exit.

2.14. ‘Floor or deck’ means that part of the bodywork whose upper surface supports standing passengers, the feet of seated passengers and the driver and any crew member, and may support the seat mountings.

2.15. ‘Gangway’ means the space providing access by passengers from any seat or row of seats to any other seat or row of seats or to any access passage from or to any service door or intercommunication staircase and any area for standing passengers; it does not include:

2.15.1. the space extending 300 mm in front of any seat, except where a sideways-facing seat is situated above a wheel arch, in which case this dimension may be reduced to 225 mm;

2.15.2. the space above the surface of any step or staircase; or

2.15.3. any space which affords access solely to one seat or row of seats or a facing pair of transverse seats or row of seats.

2.16. ‘Access passage’ means the space extending inwards into the vehicle from the service door up to the outermost edge of the upper step (edge of the gangway), intercommunication staircase or half-staircase. Where there is no step at the door, the space to be considered as access passage shall be that which is measured according to Annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1. up to a distance of 300 mm from the starting position of the inner face of the dual panel.

2.17. ‘Driver's compartment’ means the space intended for driver's exclusive use except in the case of an emergency and containing the driver's seat, the steering wheel, controls, instruments and other devices necessary for driving or operating the vehicle.

2.18. ‘Mass of the vehicle in running order’ means the mass of the unladen vehicle with bodywork, and with coupling device in the case of a towing vehicle, in running order, or the mass of the chassis with cab if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device (including coolant, oils, 90 per cent fuel, 100 per cent other liquids except used waters, tools, spare wheel and driver (75 kg), and, for buses and coaches, the mass of the crew member (75 kg) if there is a crew seat in the vehicle.

2.19. ‘Technically permissible maximum laden mass (M)’ means the maximum mass of the vehicle based on its construction and performance, stated by the manufacturer. The technically permissible maximum laden mass is used to determine the vehicle category.

2.20. ‘Passenger’ means a person, other than the driver or a member of the crew.

2.21. ‘Passenger with reduced mobility’ means all passengers who have a difficulty when using public transport, such as disabled people (including people with sensory and intellectual impairments, and wheelchair users, people with limb impairments, people of small stature, people with heavy luggage, elderly people, pregnant women, people with shopping trolleys, and people with children (including children seated in pushchairs).

2.22. ‘Wheelchair user’ means a person who due to infirmity or disability uses a wheelchair for mobility.

2.23. ‘Member of the crew’ means a person assigned to operate as a co-driver or the possible assistant.

2.24. ‘Passenger compartment’ means a space intended for passengers' use excluding any space occupied by fixed appliances such as bars, kitchenettes, toilets or baggage/goods compartments.

2.25. ‘Power-operated service door’ means a service door which is operated exclusively by energy other than muscular energy and the opening and closing of which, if not automatically operated, is remotely controlled by the driver or a member of the crew.

2.26. ‘Automatically-operated service-door’ means a power-operated service door which can be opened (other than by means of emergency controls) only after a control is operated by a passenger and after activation of the controls by the driver, and which closes again automatically.

2.27. ‘Starting prevention device’ means a device which prevents the vehicle being driven away from rest.

2.28. ‘Driver operated service door’ means a service door which normally is opened and closed by the driver.

2.29. ‘Priority seat’ means a seat with additional space for a passenger with reduced mobility and marked accordingly.

2.30. ‘Boarding device’ means a device to facilitate wheelchair access to vehicles, such as lifts, ramps, etc.

2.31. ‘Kneeling system’ means a system which lowers and lifts totally or partially the body of a vehicle relative to the normal position of travel.

2.32. ‘Lift’ means a device or system with a platform that can be raised and lowered to provide passenger access between the floor of a passenger compartment and the ground or kerb.

2.33. ‘Ramp’ means a device to bridge the gap between the floor of a passenger compartment and the ground or kerb.

2.34. ‘Portable ramp’ means a ramp that may be detached from the vehicle structure and capable of being deployed by a driver or crew member.

2.35. ‘Demountable seat’ means a seat that can be easily detached from the vehicle.

2.36. ‘Front’ and ‘rear’ means the front or rear of the vehicle according to the normal direction of travel and the terms; ‘forward’, ‘foremost’, ‘rearward’ and ‘rearmost’ etc. shall be construed accordingly.

2.37. ‘Intercommunication staircase’ means a staircase which allows communication between the upper and lower decks.

2.38. ‘Separate compartment’ means a space in the vehicle which may be occupied by passengers or crew when the vehicle is in use and which is separated from any other passenger or crew space, except where any partition allows passengers to see into the next passenger space, and is connected by a gangway without doors.

2.39. ‘Half staircase’ is a staircase from the upper deck which terminates in an emergency door.

3. APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL

3.1. The application for approval of:

a) a vehicle type; or

b) a separate technical unit type; or

c) a vehicle type fitted with bodywork type already approved as a separate technical unit,

with regard to its constructional features shall be submitted by the responsible manufacturer or by his duly accredited representative.

3.2. In the case of an application for approval of a vehicle made by assembling a chassis with type-approved bodywork, the term manufacturer refers to the assembler.

3.3. A model for the information document relating to the constructional features is given in Annex 1, Part 1.

3.3.1. Appendix 1: for a vehicle type.

3.3.2. Appendix 2: for a bodywork type.

3.3.3. Appendix 3: for a vehicle type fitted with bodywork already approved as a separate technical unit.

3.4. A vehicle(s) or a bodywork(s) representative of the type to be approved shall be submitted to the technical service responsible for conducting the type-approval tests.

4. APPROVAL

4.1. If the vehicle or bodywork submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation meets the requirements of paragraph 5., approval of that vehicle or bodywork type shall be granted.

4.2. An approval number shall be assigned to each vehicle type approved. Its first two digits (at present 01, corresponding to the 01 series of amendments) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendment made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. The same Contracting Party may not assign the same number to another vehicle or bodywork type within the meaning of paragraph 2.2.

4.3. Notice of approval or of extension of approval of a vehicle or bodywork type pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

4.4. There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on the approval form, to every vehicle or bodywork conforming to a vehicle or bodywork type approved under this Regulation, an international approval mark consisting of:

4.4.1. a circle surrounding the letter ‘E’ followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval ( 2 ) and

4.4.2. the number of this Regulation, followed by the letter ‘R’, a dash and the approval number, to the right of the circle prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1.; and

4.4.3. an additional symbol consisting of the Roman numerals for the Class(es) in which the vehicle or bodywork has been approved. A bodywork approved separately shall additionally bear the letter ‘S’.

4.5. If the vehicle conforms to a vehicle type approved, under one or more other Regulations annexed to the Agreement, in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation, the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1. need not be repeated; in such a case, the Regulation and approval numbers and the additional symbols of all the Regulations under which approval has been granted in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation shall be placed in vertical columns to the right of the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1.

4.6. The approval mark shall be clearly legible and be indelible.

4.7. The approval mark shall be placed close to or on the vehicle or bodywork data plate affixed by the manufacturer.

4.8. Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval marks.

5. REQUIREMENTS

5.1. All vehicles shall comply with the provisions set out in Annex 3 to this Regulation (modified by Annex 9 in the case of double-deck vehicles). Bodyworks approved separately shall comply with Annex 5 and/or 10 as appropriate. The approval of a vehicle incorporating a bodywork approved in accordance with Annex 10 shall be completed in accordance with that Annex.

5.2. Vehicles of Class I shall be accessible for people with reduced mobility including wheelchair users according to the technical provisions laid down in Annex 8.

5.3. Contracting Parties shall be free to choose the most appropriate solution to achieve improved accessibility in vehicles other than those of Class I. However, if vehicles other than those of Class I are equipped with devices for people with reduced mobility and/or wheelchair users, they shall comply with the relevant requirements of Annex 8.

5.4. Nothing in this Regulation shall prevent the national authorities of a Contracting Party from specifying that certain types of operation are reserved for vehicles which are equipped for the transport of passengers with reduced mobility in accordance with Annex 8.

6. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF APPROVAL OF A VEHICLE OR BODYWORK TYPE

6.1. Every modification of the vehicle or bodywork type shall be notified to the administrative department which approved the vehicle type. That department may then either:

6.1.1. consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an appreciable adverse effect and that, in any case, the vehicle or bodywork still complies with the requirements; or

6.1.2. require a further test report from the technical service responsible for conducting the tests.

6.2. Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the modifications, shall be communicated by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.3. to the Contracting Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation.

6.3. The competent authority issuing the extension of approval shall assign a series number for such an extension and inform thereof the other Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1, Appendix 2 to this Regulation.

7. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in the Agreement, Appendix 2 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2), with the following requirements:

7.1. vehicles and bodyworks approved to this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements set forth in paragraph 5.

7.2. The competent authority which has granted type-approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applicable to each production facility. The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once per two years.

8. PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

8.1. The approval granted in respect of a vehicle or bodywork type pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if the requirement laid down in paragraph 5 is not complied with.

8.2. If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation, by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1, Appendix 2 to this Regulation.

9. PRODUCTION DEFINITELY DISCONTINUED

If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of vehicle or bodywork under this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication, that authority shall inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1, part 1 to this Regulation.

10. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS

10.1. As from the official date of entry into force of the 01 series of amendments, no Contracting Party applying this Regulation shall refuse to grant ECE approval under this Regulation as amended by the 01 series of amendments.

10.2. No Contracting Party applying this Regulation shall refuse national type approval of a vehicle type approved to the 01 series of amendments to this Regulation.

10.3. As from 36 months after the date of entry into force, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall grant approvals only if the vehicle type to be approved meets the requirements of this Regulation as amended by the 01 series of amendments.

10.4. Starting 72 months after the entry into force of the 01 series of amendments to this Regulation, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation may refuse first national registration (first entry into service) of a vehicle which does not meet the requirements of the 01 series of amendments to this Regulation.

11. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF TECHNICAL SERVICES CONDUCTING APPROVAL TESTS, AND ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENTS

The Contracting Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation shall communicate to the Secretariat of the United Nations the names and addresses of the technical services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the administrative departments which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, issued in other countries, are to be sent.

12. REMARKS CONCERNING PERMISSIBLE AXLE LOADS OR TOTAL VEHICLE MASS

Contracting Parties to the Agreement are not precluded by Article 3 of that Agreement from prohibiting the registration on their territory of vehicle types, approved by another Contracting Party in accordance with this Regulation whenever passenger and luggage capacities result in the axle loads or the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle being higher than the legal limits in force on their territory.

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LIST OF ANNEXES

ANNEX 1 ECE type-approval documentation Part 1 Model information document Part 2 Type-approval certificate ANNEX 2 Arrangements of approval marks ANNEX 3 Requirements to be met by all vehicles Appendix: verification of static tilting limit by means of calculation ANNEX 4 Explanatory diagrams ANNEX 5 Strength of superstructure ANNEX 6 Guidelines for measuring the closing forces of power operated doors ANNEX 7 Special requirements for vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers ANNEX 8 Requirements for technical devices facilitating access for passengers with reduced mobility ANNEX 9 Special requirements for double-deck vehicles ANNEX 10 Type approval for separate technical units and type approval of a vehicle fitted with a bodywork already approved as a separate technical unit. ANNEX 11 Masses and dimensions









ANNEX 1

ECE TYPE-APPROVAL DOCUMENTATION

PART 1

Model Information documents

Appendix 1

MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Pursuant to Regulation No 107 relating to type-approval of Category M2 or M3 vehicles with regard to their general construction

The following information, if applicable, must be supplied in triplicate and include a list of contents. Any drawings must be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 or on a folder of A4 format. Photographs, if any, must show sufficient detail. If the systems, components or separate technical units have electronic controls, information concerning their performance must be supplied.

1. GENERAL

1.1. Make (trade name of manufacturer):

1.2. Type:

1.2.1. Chassis:

1.2.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.3. Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle ( 3 ):

1.3.1. Chassis:

1.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.3.3. Location of that marking:

1.3.3.1. Chassis:

1.3.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.4. Category of vehicle ( 4 ):

1.5. Name and address of manufacturer:

1.6. Address(es) of assembly plant(s):

2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE

2.1. Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle:

2.2. Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle:

2.3. Number of axles and wheels:

2.3.1. Number and position of axles with double wheels:

2.3.2. Number and position of steered axles:

2.4. Chassis (if any) (overall drawing):

2.5. Material used for the side-members ( 5 ):

2.6. Position and arrangement of the engine:

2.7. Driving cab (forward, or normal) ( 6 ):

2.8. Hand of drive:

2.8.1. Vehicle is equipped to be driven in right/left ( 7 ) hand traffic.

2.9. Specify if the motor vehicle is intended to tow trailers and if the trailer is a semi-, drawbar or centre-axle trailer.

3. MASSES AND DIMENSIONS ( 8 ) (in kg and mm) (refer to drawing where applicable)

3.1. Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) ( 9 ):

3.2. Range of vehicle dimensions (overall):

3.2.1. For chassis with bodywork:

3.2.1.1. Length ( 10 ):

3.2.1.2. Width ( 11 ):

3.2.1.3. Height (in running order) ( 12 ) (for suspension adjustable for height, indicate normal running position):

3.2.1.4. Front overhang ( 13 ):

3.2.1.5. Rear overhang ( 14 ):

3.3. Position of centre of gravity of the vehicle at its technically permissible maximum laden mass in the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions.

3.4. Mass of the vehicle with bodywork, and in the case of a towing vehicle of a category other than M1, with coupling device, if fitted by the manufacturer, in running order, or the mass of the chassis or chassis with cab, without bodywork and/or coupling device if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device (including liquids, tools, spare wheel and driver, and, for buses and coaches, a crew member if there is a crew seat in the vehicle) ( 15 ) (maximum and minimum for each variant):

3.4.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles and, in the case of a semi-trailer or centre axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum for each variant):

3.5. Technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer ( 16 ) (maximum and minimum for each variant):

3.5.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles (maximum and minimum for each variant):

3.6. Technically permissible maximum load/mass on each axle:

3.7. Technically permissible maximum mass on the coupling point:

3.7.1. of the motor vehicle:

4. BODYWORK

4.1. Type of bodywork: single deck/double-deck/articulated/low-floor (7)

4.2. Materials used and methods of construction:

5. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR VEHICLES USED FOR THE CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS COMPRISING MORE THAN EIGHT SEATS IN ADDITION TO THE DRIVER'S SEAT

5.1. Class of vehicle (Class I, Class II, Class III, Class A, Class B):

5.2. Area for passengers (m2):

5.2.1. Total (So):

5.2.2. Upper deck (Soa): (7)

5.2.3. Lower deck (Sob): (7)

5.2.4. For standing passengers (S1):

5.3. Number of passengers (seated and standing):

5.3.1. Total (N):

5.3.2. Upper deck (Na): (7)

5.3.3. Lower deck (Nb): (7)

5.4. Number of passengers (seated):

5.4.1. Total (A):

5.4.2. Upper deck (Aa): (7)

5.4.3. Lower deck (Ab): (7)

5.6. Number of service doors:

5.7. Number of emergency exits (doors, windows, escape hatches, intercommunication staircase and half staircase):

5.7.1. Total:

5.8. Volume of baggage compartments (m3):

5.9. Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2):

5.10. Technical devices facilitating the access to vehicles (e.g. ramp, lifting platform, kneeling system), if fitted:

5.11. Strength of superstructure:

5.11.1. Regulation No 66 type-approval number, if available:

5.11.2. For superstructures not yet approved:

5.11.2.1. Detailed description of the superstructure of the vehicle type including its dimensions, configuration and constituent materials and its attachment to any chassis frame:

5.11.2.2. Drawings of the vehicle and those parts of its interior arrangement which have an influence on the strength of the superstructure or on the residual space:

5.11.2.3. Position of centre of gravity of the vehicle in running order in the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions:

5.11.2.4. Maximum distance between the centre lines of the outboard passenger seats.

Explanatory notes:









ANNEX 1

ECE TYPE-APPROVAL DOCUMENTATION

PART 1

Model information documents

Appendix 2

MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Relating to Regulation No 107 relating to type-approval of bodywork for Category M2 or M3 vehicles with regard to their general construction

The following information, if applicable, must be supplied in triplicate and include a list of contents. Any drawings must be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 or on a folder of A4 format. Photographs, if any, must show sufficient detail. If the systems, components or separate technical units have electronic controls, information concerning their performance must be supplied.

1. GENERAL

1.1. Make (trade name of manufacturer):

1.2. Type:

1.3. Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b):

1.3.1. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.3.2. Location of that marking:

1.3.3. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.4. In the case of components and separate technical units, location and method of affixing of the ECE type-approval mark.

1.5. Address(es) of assembly plant(s):

2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE

2.1. Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle:

2.2. Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle:

2.3. Number of axles and wheels:

2.4. Chassis (if any) (overall drawing):

2.5. Material used for the side-members (d):

2.6. Position and arrangement of the engine:

2.7. Driving cab (forward control or bonneted) (z):

2.8. Hand of drive:

3. MASSES AND DIMENSIONS (e) (in kg and mm) (refer to drawing where applicable)

3.1. Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f):

3.2. Range of vehicle dimensions (overall):

3.2.1. For bodywork approved without chassis:

3.2.1.1. Length (j):

3.2.1.2. Width (k):

3.2.1.3. Height (in running order) (l) (for suspensions adjustable for height, indicate normal running position):

4. BODYWORK

4.1. Type of bodywork: single deck/double deck/articulated/low floor (1)

4.2. Materials used and methods of construction:

5. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR VEHICLES USED FOR THE CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS COMPRISING MORE THAN EIGHT SEATS IN ADDITION TO THE DRIVER'S SEAT

5.1. Class of vehicle (Class I, Class II, Class III, Class A, Class B):

5.1.1. Chassis types where the type-approved body can be installed (manufacturer(s) and vehicle(s) types):

5.2. Area for passengers (m2):

5.2.1. Total (So):

5.2.1.1. Upper deck (Soa): (1)

5.2.1.2. Lower deck (Sob): (1)

5.2.2. For standing passengers (S1):

5.3. Number of passengers (seated and standing):

5.3.1. Total (N):

5.3.2. Upper deck (Na): (1)

5.3.3. Lower deck (Nb): (1)

5.4. Number of passenger seats:

5.4.1. Total (A):

5.4.2. Upper deck (Aa): (1)

5.4.3. Lower deck (Ab): (1)

5.5. Number of service doors:

5.6. Number of emergency exits (doors, windows, escape hatches, intercommunication staircase and half staircase):

5.6.1. Total:

5.6.2. Upper deck: (1)

5.6.3. Lower deck: (1)

5.7. Volume of baggage compartments (m3):

5.8. Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2):

5.9. Technical devices facilitating the access to vehicles (e.g. ramp, lifting platform, kneeling system), if fitted:

5.10. STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE:

5.10.1. Regulation No 66 type-approval number, if available:

5.10.2. For superstructures not yet approved:

5.10.2.1. Detailed description of the superstructure of the vehicle type including its dimensions, configuration and constituent materials and its attachment to any chassis frame:

5.10.2.2. Drawings of the vehicle and those parts of its interior arrangement which have an influence on the strength of the superstructure or on the residual space:

5.10.2.3. Position of centre of gravity of the vehicle in running order in the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions:

5.10.2.4. Maximum distance between the centre lines of the outboard passenger seats:

5.11. Points of this Regulation to be accomplished and demonstrated for this separate technical unit:

Explanatory notes: see Appendix 1.









ANNEX 1

ECE TYPE-APPROVAL DOCUMENTATION

PART 1

Model information documents

Appendix 3

MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Pursuant to Regulation No 107 relating to type-approval of a M2 or M3 vehicle where the bodywork has previously obtained the type-approval as a separate technical unit, with respect to its general construction

The following information, if applicable, must be supplied in triplicate and include a list of contents. Any drawings must be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 or on a folder of A4 format. Photographs, if any, must show sufficient detail. If the systems, components or separate technical units have electronic controls, information concerning their performance must be supplied.

1. GENERAL

1.1. Make (trade name of manufacturer):

1.2. Type:

1.2.1. Chassis:

1.2.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.3. Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b):

1.3.1. Chassis:

1.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.3.3. Location of marking:

1.3.3.1. Chassis:

1.3.3.2. Bodywork/complete vehicle:

1.4. Category of vehicle (c):

1.5. Name and address of manufacturer:

1.6. Address(es) of assembly plant(s):

2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE

2.1. Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle:

2.2. Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle:

2.3. Number of axles and wheels:

2.3.1. Number and position of axles with double wheels.

2.4. Chassis (if any) (overall drawing):

2.5. Material used for the side members (d):

2.6. Position and arrangement of the engine:

2.7. Hand of drive:

2.7.1. Vehicle is equipped to be driven in right/left (1) hand traffic.

3. MASSES AND DIMENSIONS (e) (in kg and mm)

(Refer to drawing where applicable)

3.1. Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f):

3.2. Range of vehicle dimensions (overall):

3.2.1. For chassis with bodywork:

3.2.1.1. Length (j):

3.2.1.2. Width (k):

3.2.1.2.1. Maximum width:

3.2.1.3. Height (in running order) (l) (for suspensions adjustable for height, indicate normal running position):

3.3. Mass of the vehicle with bodywork and, in the case of a towing vehicle of a category other than M1, with coupling device, if fitted by the manufacturer, in running order, or the mass of the chassis or chassis with cab, without bodywork and/or coupling device if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device (including liquids, tools, spare wheel and driver, and, for buses and coaches, a crew member if there is a crew seat in the vehicle): (o) (maximum and minimum for each variant).

3.3.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles and, in the case of a semi-trailer or centre axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum for each variant):

3.4. Technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer (y) (maximum and minimum):

3.4.1. Distribution of this mass among the axles and, in the case of a semi-trailer or centre-axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum):

3.5. Technically permissible maximum mass/load on each axle:

4. STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE:

4.1. Regulation No 66 type-approval number, if available:

4.2. For superstructures not yet approved:

4.2.1. Detailed description of the superstructure of the vehicle type including its dimensions, configuration and constituent materials and its attachment to any chassis frame:

4.2.2. Drawings of the vehicle and those parts of its interior arrangement which have an influence on the strength of the superstructure or on the residual space:

4.3. Position of centre of gravity of the vehicle in running order in the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions:

4.4. Maximum distance between the centre lines of the outboard passenger seats:

Explanatory notes: see Appendix 1.









ANNEX 1

PART 2

Appendix 1

COMMUNICATION

(maximum format: A4 (210 mm x 297 mm))









ANNEX 1

PART 2

Appendix 2

COMMUNICATION

(maximum format: A4 (210 mm x 297 mm))









ANNEX 1

PART 2

Appendix 3

COMMUNICATION

(maximum format: A4 (210 mm x 297 mm))









ANNEX 2

ARRANGEMENTS OF APPROVAL MARKS

Model A

(See paragraph 4.4. of this Regulation)

a = 8 mm min

The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle shows that the vehicle type concerned has, with regard to its constructional features, been approved in the Netherlands (E 4) for Class III, pursuant to Regulation No 107 under approval number 012439. The approval number indicates that the approval was granted according to the requirements of Regulation No 107 as amended by the 01 series of amendments.

Model B

(See paragraph 4.5. of this Regulation)

a = 8 mm min

The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle shows that the vehicle type concerned has been approved in the Netherlands (E 4) pursuant to Regulations Nos 107 and 43. ( *1 ) The first two digits of the approval numbers indicate that, at the dates when the respective approvals were given, Regulation No 107 included the 01 series of amendments and Regulation No 43 was in its original form.

Model C

(See paragraph 4.4.3. of this Regulation)

a = 8 mm min

The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle bodywork shows that the bodywork type concerned has, with regard to its constructional features, been approved separately in the Netherlands (E 4) for Class III as a separate bodywork (letter S), pursuant to Regulation No 107 under approval number 012439. The approval number indicates that the approval was granted according to the requirements of Regulation No 107 as amended by the 01 series of amendments.









ANNEX 3

REQUIREMENTS TO BE MET BY ALL VEHICLES

1.-6. (reserved)

7. REQUIREMENTS

7.1 General

7.1.1. Unless otherwise stated, all measurements shall be made when the vehicle is at its mass in running order and it is standing on a smooth and horizontal ground surface and in the normal condition for travel. If a kneeling system is fitted, it shall be set so the vehicle is at its normal ride height for travel. In the case of approval of bodywork as a separate technical unit the position of the body relative to the flat horizontal surface shall be specified by the manufacturer.

7.1.2. Wherever there is a requirement in this Regulation for a surface in the vehicle to be horizontal or at a specific angle when the vehicle is at its mass in running order, in the case of a vehicle with mechanical suspension, the surface may exceed this slope or possess a slope when the vehicle is at its mass in running order, provided that this requirement is met when the vehicle is in the loading condition declared by the manufacturer. If a kneeling system is fitted to the vehicle, it shall not be in operation.

7.2. Masses and dimensions

7.2.1. The vehicles shall comply with the requirements of Annex 11.

7.2.2. Area available for passengers.

7.2.2.1. The total surface area S0 available for passengers is calculated by deducting from the total area of the floor of the vehicle:

7.2.2.1.1. the area of the driver's compartment;

7.2.2.1.2. the area of steps at doors and the area of any other step with a depth of less than 300 mm and the area swept by the door and its mechanism when it is operated;

7.2.2.1.3. the area of any part over which the vertical clearance is less than 1 350 mm measured from the floor disregarding permitted intrusion specified in paragraphs 7.7.8.6.3. and 7.7.8.6.4. In the case of vehicles of Class A or B, this dimension may be reduced to 1 200 mm;

7.2.2.1.4. the area of any part of the vehicle to which access by passengers is prevented as defined in paragraph 7.9.4.;

7.2.2.1.5. the area of any space reserved solely for the carriage of goods or baggage and from which passengers are excluded;

7.2.2.1.6. the area required to provide a clear working area at serveries;

7.2.2.1.7. the floor area occupied by any staircase, half staircase, intercommunication staircase or the surface of any step.

7.2.2.2. The surface area S1 available for standing passengers is calculated by deducting from S0:

7.2.2.2.1. the area of all parts of the floor in which the slope exceeds the maximum permissible values as determined in paragraph 7.7.6.;

7.2.2.2.2. the area of all parts which are not accessible to a standing passenger when all the seats are occupied, with the exception of folding seats;

7.2.2.2.3. the area of all parts where the clear height above the floor is less than the gangway height specified in paragraph 7.7.5.1. (handholds shall not be taken into account in this connection);

7.2.2.2.4. the area forward of a transverse vertical plane passing through the centre of the seating surface of the driver's seat (in its rearmost position);

7.2.2.2.5. the area 300 mm in front of all seats other than folding seats, except where a sideways-facing seat is situated above the wheel arch, in which case this dimension may be reduced to 225 mm. In the case of variable seating arrangements, of any seat when considered to be in use, see paragraph 7.2.2.4;

7.2.2.2.6. any surface not being excluded by the provisions in paragraphs 7.2.2.2.1. to 7.2.2.2.5. above, on which it is not possible to place a rectangle of 400 mm × 300 mm;

7.2.2.2.7. in vehicles of Class II, the area in which standing is not allowed;

7.2.2.2.8. in double deck vehicles, any area of the upper deck;

7.2.2.2.9. the surface of the wheelchair space(s) when considered occupied by a wheelchair user(s), see paragraph 7.2.2.4.

7.2.2.3. There shall be on the vehicle a number (P) of seating places, other than folding seats, which conform to the requirements of paragraph 7.7.8. If the vehicle is of Class I, II or A the number of seating places on each deck shall be at least equal to the number of square metres of floor on that deck available for passengers and crew (if any) rounded down to the nearest whole number; this number may, in vehicles of Class I, excluding the upper deck, be reduced by 10 %.

7.2.2.4. In the case of a vehicle equipped with a variable seating capacity the area available for standing passengers (S1) and the provisions of paragraph 7.2.3. shall be determined for each of the following conditions as applicable:

7.2.2.4.1. with all possible seats occupied followed by the remaining area for standing passengers and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces occupied;

7.2.2.4.2. with all possible standing areas occupied followed by the remaining seats available for seated passengers and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces occupied;

7.2.2.4.3. with all possible wheelchair spaces occupied followed by the remaining area for standing passengers and then the remaining seats available for use occupied.

7.2.3. Marking of vehicles.

7.2.3.1. The vehicle shall be clearly marked in a manner visible on the inside in the vicinity of the front door in letters or pictograms not less that 15 mm high and numbers not less than 25 mm high, with:

7.2.3.1.1. the maximum number of seating places the vehicle is designed to carry;

7.2.3.1.2. the maximum number of standing places, if any, the vehicle is designed to carry;

7.2.3.1.3. the maximum number of wheelchairs which the vehicle is designed to carry, if any.

7.2.3.2. If a vehicle is designed to have a variable number of seating places, area available for standing passengers or number of wheelchairs carried, the requirements of paragraph 7.2.3.1. shall apply to each maximum seating capacity and the corresponding number of wheelchairs and standing passengers as appropriate.

7.2.3.3. Space shall be provided in the driver's area, in a position clearly visible to the driver, in letters or pictograms not less than 10 mm high and numbers not less than 12 mm high, with:

7.2.3.3.1. the mass of baggage which may be carried when the vehicle is loaded with the maximum numbers of passengers and crew and the vehicle is not exceeding the technically permissible maximum mass, or the permissible mass of any axle. This shall include the mass of baggage:

7.2.3.3.1.1. in baggage compartments (mass B, paragraph 7.4.3.3.1. of Annex 11);

7.2.3.3.1.2. on the roof if equipped for the carriage of baggage (mass BX, paragraph 7.4.3.3.1. of Annex 11).

7.3. Strength of the superstructure.

7.3.1. All single-deck Class II and III vehicles shall have superstructures which comply with the requirements of Annex 5.

7.4. Stability Test

7.4.1. The stability of a vehicle shall be such that the point at which overturning occurs would not be passed if the surface on which the vehicle stands were tilted to both sides in turn to an angle of 28o from the horizontal.

7.4.2. For the purposes of the above test, the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order as described in paragraph 2.18. of this Regulation, with the addition of:

7.4.2.1. Loads equal to Q (as defined in paragraph 7.4.3.3.1. of Annex 11) shall be placed on each passenger seat. If the vehicle is intended for standees or with a crew member who is not seated, the centre of gravity of the loads Q or 75 kg representing them, shall be uniformly distributed over the standee or crew area respectively, at a height of 875 mm. Where a vehicle is equipped to carry luggage on the roof, a uniformly distributed mass (BX) of not less than that declared by the manufacturer in accordance with paragraph 7.4.3.3.1. of Annex 11, representing such baggage shall be secured to the roof. The other baggage compartments shall not contain any baggage.

7.4.2.2. If the vehicle has a variable seating capacity, standing capacity or is designed to carry one or more wheelchairs, in respect of any area of the passenger compartment in which such variations occur, the loads in paragraph 7.4.2.1. shall be the greater of:

(a) the mass represented by the number of seated passengers that may occupy the area including the mass of any demountable seats; or

(b) the mass represented by the number of standing passengers that may occupy the area; or

(c) the mass of wheelchairs and users that may occupy the area at a total mass of 250 kg each placed at a height of 500 mm above the floor in the centre of each wheelchair space; or

(d) the mass of seated passengers, standing passengers and wheelchairs users and any combination of these that may occupy the area.

7.4.3. The height of any step used to prevent a wheel of the vehicle from slipping sideways on a tilt test rig shall not be greater than two-thirds of the distance between the surface upon which the vehicle stands before it is tilted and that part of the rim of that wheel which is nearest to the surface when the vehicle is loaded in accordance with paragraph 7.4.2.

7.4.4. During the test, no parts of vehicle which are not intended to come into contact in normal use shall not do so, nor shall any part become damaged or deranged.

7.4.5. Alternatively, a calculation method can be used to show that the vehicle will not overturn under the conditions described in paragraphs 7.4.1. and 7.4.2. Such a calculation shall take into account the following parameters:

7.4.5.1. masses and dimensions;

7.4.5.2. height of centre of gravity;

7.4.5.3. spring rates;

7.4.5.4. vertical and horizontal tyre rates;

7.4.5.5. characteristics of the control of air pressure in the air springs;

7.4.5.6. position of the centre of moments;

7.4.5.7. torsion resistance of the body.

The method of calculation is described in appendix 1 to this Annex.

7.5. Protection against fire risks

7.5.1. Engine compartment

7.5.1.1. No flammable sound-proofing material or material liable to become impregnated with fuel, lubricant or other combustible material shall be used in the engine compartment unless the material is covered by an impermeable sheet.

7.5.1.2. Precautions shall be taken, either by a suitable layout of the engine compartment or by the provision of drainage orifices, to avoid, so far as possible, the accumulation of fuel, lubricating oil or any other combustible material in any part of the engine compartment.

7.5.1.3. A partition of heat-resisting material shall be fitted between the engine compartment or any other source of heat (such as a device designed to absorb the energy liberated when a vehicle is descending a long gradient, e.g. a retarder, or a device for heating the interior of the body other, however, than a device functioning by warm water circulation) and the rest of the vehicle. All fixings, clips, gaskets, etc., used in conjunction with the partition shall be fire resistant.

7.5.1.4. A heating device operating other than by hot water may be provided in the passenger compartment if it is encased in material designed to resist the temperatures generated by the device, emits no toxic fumes and is positioned such that no passenger is likely to come into contact with any hot surface.

7.5.2. Electrical equipment and wiring

7.5.2.1. All cables shall be well insulated and all cables and electrical equipment shall be able to withstand the temperature and humidity conditions to which they are exposed. In the engine compartment, particular attention shall be paid to their suitability to withstand the environmental temperature and the effects of all likely contaminants.

7.5.2.2. No cable used in an electrical circuit shall carry a current in excess of that acceptable for such a cable in the light of its mode of installation and the maximum ambient temperature.

7.5.2.3. Every electrical circuit feeding an item of equipment other than the starter, the ignition circuit (positive ignition), the glow-plugs, the engine-stopping device, the charging circuit and the battery earth connection shall include a fuse or a circuit breaker. They may, however, be protected by a common fuse or a common circuit-breaker, provided that its rated capacity does not exceed 16A.

7.5.2.4. All cables shall be well protected and shall be held securely in position in such a way that they cannot be damaged by cutting, abrasion or chafing.

7.5.2.5. Where the voltage exceeds 100 Volts RMS (root mean square) in one or more electrical circuits in a vehicle, a manually-operated isolating switch which is capable of disconnecting all such circuits from the main electrical supply shall be connected in each pole of that supply which is not electrically connected to earth, and shall be located inside the vehicle in a position readily accessible to the driver, provided that no such isolating switch shall be capable of disconnecting any electrical circuit supplying the mandatory external vehicle lights. This paragraph does not apply to high tension ignition circuits nor to self-contained circuits within a unit of equipment in the vehicle.

7.5.2.6. All electrical cables shall be so located that no part can make contact with any fuel line or any part of the exhaust system, or be subjected to excessive heat, unless suitable special insulation and protection is provided, as for example to a solenoid-operated exhaust valve.

7.5.3. Batteries

7.5.3.1. All batteries shall be well secured and easily accessible.

7.5.3.2. The battery compartment shall be separated from the passenger compartment and driver's compartment and ventilated to outside air.

7.5.3.3. The battery terminals shall be protected against the risk of short circuit.

7.5.4. Fire extinguishers and first-aid equipment

7.5.4.1. Space shall be provided for the fitting of one or more fire extinguishers, one being near the driver's seat. In vehicles of Class A or B the space shall be not less than 8 dm3 and in Class I, II or III not less than 15 dm3.

7.5.4.2. Space shall be provided for the fitting of one or more first-aid kits. The space provided shall be not less than 7 dm3, the minimum dimension shall not be less than 80 mm.

7.5.4.3. Fire extinguishers and first aid kits may be secured against theft or vandalism (e.g. in an internal locker or behind breakable glass), provided that the locations of these items are clearly marked and means are provided for persons to extract them easily in an emergency.

7.5.5. Materials

No flammable material shall be permitted within 100 mm of the exhaust system or any other significant source of heat unless the material is effectively shielded. Where necessary, shielding shall be provided to prevent grease or other flammable materials coming into contact with exhaust system or other significant heat sources. For the purposes of this paragraph, a flammable material is considered to be one which is not designed to withstand the temperatures likely to be encountered in that location.

7.6. Exits

7.6.1. Number of exits

7.6.1.1. The minimum number of doors in a vehicle shall be two, either two service doors or one service door and one emergency door. The minimum number of service doors required is as follows:







Number of passengers Number of service doors CLASS I and A CLASS II CLASS III and B 9 to 45 1 1 1 46 to 70 2 1 1 71 to 100 3 2 1 > 100 4 3 1

7.6.1.2. The minimum number of service doors in each rigid section of an articulated vehicle shall be one except that this minimum number shall be two in the case of front section of an articulated vehicle of Class I.

7.6.1.3. For the purpose of this requirement, service doors equipped with a power-operated control system shall not be deemed to be emergency doors unless they can be readily opened by hand, once the control prescribed in paragraph 7.6.5.1. has been actuated, if necessary.

7.6.1.4. The minimum number of exits shall be such that the total number of exits in a separate compartment is as follows:







Number of passengers and crew to be accommodated in each compartment Minimum total number of exits 1 to 8 2 9 to 16 3 17 to 30 4 31 to 45 5 46 to 60 6 61 to 75 7 76 to 90 8 91 to 110 9 111 to 130 10 > 130 11

Escape hatches can only count as one of the abovementioned number of emergency exits.

7.6.1.5. Each rigid section of an articulated vehicle shall be treated as a separate vehicle for the purpose of determining the minimum number and the position of exits, except for paragraph 7.6.2.4. Toilet compartments or galleys are not considered to be separate compartments for the purposes of defining the number of emergency exits. A number of passengers shall be determined for each rigid section.

7.6.1.6. A double service door shall count as two doors and a double or multiple window as two emergency windows.

7.6.1.7. If the driver's compartment does not provide access to the passenger compartment by means of a passageway complying with one of the conditions described in paragraph 7.7.5.1.1., the following conditions shall be met:

7.6.1.7.1. The driver's compartment shall have two exits, which shall not both be in the same lateral wall; when one of the exits is a window, it shall comply with the requirements set out in paragraphs 7.6.3.1. and 7.6.8. for emergency windows.

7.6.1.7.2. One or two seats are permitted alongside the driver for additional people, in which case both of the exits referred to in paragraph 7.6.1.7.1. shall be doors. The driver's door shall be accepted as the emergency door for the occupants of those seats, provided that the driver's seat, the steering wheel, the engine housing, the gear lever, the hand brake control, etc., do not constitute too great an obstruction. The door provided for those additional people shall be accepted as the emergency door for the driver. Up to five additional seats may be fitted in a compartment incorporating the driver's compartment, provided that the additional seats and the space for these seats comply with all requirements of this Regulation and at least one door giving access to the passenger compartment complies with the requirements of paragraph 7.6.3. for emergency doors.

7.6.1.7.3. In the circumstances described in paragraphs 7.6.1.7.1. and 7.6.1.7.2., the exits provided for the driver's compartment shall not count as one of the doors required by paragraphs 7.6.1.1. to 7.6.1.2., nor as one of the exits required by paragraph 7.6.1.4., except in the case mentioned in paragraphs 7.6.1.7.1. and 7.6.1.7.2. Paragraphs from 7.6.3. to 7.6.7., 7.7.1., 7.7.2. and 7.7.7. shall not apply to such exits.

7.6.1.8. If the driver's compartment and seats adjacent to it are accessible from the main passenger compartment by means of a passageway complying with one of the conditions described in paragraph 7.7.5.1.1., no external exit is required from the driver's compartment.

7.6.1.9. If a driver's door or other exit from the compartment is provided in the circumstances described in paragraph 7.6.1.8. it may only count as an exit for passengers provided:

7.6.1.9.1. it is not necessary to squeeze between the steering wheel and the driver's seat in order to make use of that exit;

7.6.1.9.2. it satisfies the requirements relating to the dimensions of emergency door indicated in paragraph 7.6.3.1.

7.6.1.10. Paragraphs 7.6.1.8. and 7.6.1.9. do not preclude there being a door or other barrier between the driver's seat and the passenger compartment provided that this barrier can be released quickly by the driver in an emergency. A driver's door in a compartment protected by such a barrier shall not be counted as an exit for passengers.

7.6.1.11. Escape hatches, additional to the emergency doors and windows, shall be fitted in vehicles of Class II, III and B. They may also be fitted in the case of Class I and A vehicles. The minimum number of hatches shall be:







Number of passengers Number of hatches not exceeding 50 l exceeding 50 2

7.6.2. Siting of exits

Vehicles having a capacity exceeding 22 passenger seats shall meet the requirements shown below. Vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers may meet either the requirements shown below or those contained in Annex 7, paragraph 1.2.

7.6.2.1. The service door(s) shall be situated on the side of the vehicle that is nearer to the side of the road corresponding to the direction of traffic in the country in which the vehicle is to be licensed for operation and at least one of them shall be in the forward half of the vehicle. This does not preclude the provision of a door in the rear face of a vehicle for use by wheelchair passengers.

7.6.2.2. Two of the doors referred to in paragraph 7.6.1.1. shall be separated such that the distance between transverse vertical planes through their centres of area is not less than 40 percent of the overall length of the passenger compartment. If one of these two doors forms part of a double door this distance shall be measured between the two doors which are furthest apart.

7.6.2.3. The exits shall be placed in such a way that their number on each of the two sides of the vehicle is substantially the same.

7.6.2.4. At least one emergency exit shall be situated either in the rear face or in the front face of the vehicle respectively. For Class I vehicles and for vehicles with a rear part permanently closed off from the passenger compartment, this provision is fulfilled if an escape hatch is fitted.

7.6.2.5. The exits on the same side of the vehicle shall be suitably spaced out along the length of the vehicle.

7.6.2.6. A door shall, provided that it is not a service door, be permitted in the rear face of the vehicle.

7.6.2.7. If escape hatches are fitted, they shall be positioned as follows: if there is only one hatch, it shall be situated in the middle third of the vehicle; if there are two hatches, they shall be separated by a distance of at least 2 m measured between the nearest edges of the apertures in a line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

7.6.3. Minimum dimensions of exits

7.6.3.1. The several kinds of exit shall have the following minimum dimensions:







Class I Class II and III Remarks Service door Door aperture Height (mm) 1 800 1 650 — Width (mm) single door: 650 double door: 1 200 This dimension may be reduced by 100 mm when the measurement is made at the level of the handholds. Emergency door Height (mm) 1 250 — Width (mm) 550 Emergency window Area: (mm2) 400 000 It shall be possible to inscribe in this area a rectangle 500 mm × 700 mm. Emergency window situated in the rear face of the vehicle, if the manufacturer does not provide an emergency window of the minimum dimensions prescribed above. It shall be possible to inscribe in the emergency window aperture a rectangle 350 mm high and 1 550 mm wide. The corners of the rectangle may be rounded to a radius of curvature not exceeding 250 mm. Escape atch Hatch perture Area (mm2) 400 000 It shall be possible to inscribe in this area a rectangle measuring 500 mm × 700 mm.

7.6.3.2. Vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers may meet either the requirements shown in paragraph 7.6.3.1. or those contained in Annex 7, paragraph 1.1.

7.6.4. Technical requirements for all service doors

7.6.4.1. Every service door shall be capable of being easily opened from inside and from outside the vehicle when the vehicle is stationary (but not necessarily when the vehicle is moving). However, this requirement shall not be construed as precluding the possibility of locking the door from the outside, provided that the door can always be opened from the inside.

7.6.4.2. Every control or device for opening a door from the outside shall be between 1 000 mm and 1 500 mm from the ground and not more than 500 mm from the door. In vehicles of Class I, II and III every control or device for opening a door from the inside shall be between 1 000 mm and 1 500 mm from the upper surface of the floor or step nearest the control and be not more than 500 mm from the door. This shall not apply to controls located within the driver's area.

7.6.4.3. Every one-piece manually-operated service door which is hinged or pivoted shall be so hinged or pivoted that if the open door comes into contact with a stationary object while the vehicle is moving forwards it tends to close.

7.6.4.4. If a manually-operated service door is fitted with a slam lock it shall be of the two-stage type.

7.6.4.5. On the inside of a service door there shall not be any device intended to cover the inside steps when the door is closed. This does not exclude the presence in the step well, when the door is closed, of the door operating mechanism and other equipment attached to the inside of the door which does not form an extension of the floor on which passengers may stand. This mechanism and equipment should not be dangerous for the passengers.

7.6.4.6. If the direct view is not adequate, optical or other devices shall be installed to enable the driver to detect from his seat the presence of a passenger in the immediate interior and exterior vicinity of every side service door which is not an automatically-operated service door.

In the case of a service door in the rear face of the vehicle not exceeding 22 passengers, this requirement is satisfied if the driver is able to detect the presence of a person 1,3 m tall standing 1 m behind the vehicle.

7.6.4.7. Every door which opens towards the interior of the vehicle and its mechanism shall be so constructed that its movement is not likely to cause injury to passengers in normal conditions of use. Where necessary, appropriate protection devices shall be fitted.

7.6.4.8. If a service door is located adjacent to a door to a toilet or other internal compartment the service door shall be proofed against unintentional operation. However, this requirement shall not apply if the door is locked automatically when the vehicle is moving at a speed exceeding 5 km/h.

7.6.4.9. In the case of vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers, the service doors of which are in the rear face of the vehicle, the leaves shall not be capable of being opened more than 115o nor less than 85o and, when open, shall be capable of being held automatically in that position. This does not preclude the ability to override that stop and open the door beyond that angle when it is safe to do so; for example, to enable reversing against a high platform for loading or to open the doors through 270o to allow a clear loading area behind the vehicle.

7.6.5. Additional technical requirements for power-operated service doors

7.6.5.1. In the event of an emergency every power-operated service door shall be capable, when the vehicle is stationary (but not necessarily when the vehicle is moving), of being opened from inside and, when not locked, from outside by controls which, whether or not the power supply is operating:

7.6.5.1.1. override all other door controls;

7.6.5.1.2. in the case of interior controls, are placed on, or within 300 mm of, the door, at a height of not less than 1 600 mm above the first step;

7.6.5.1.3. can be easily seen and clearly identified when approaching the door and when standing in front of the door and, if additional to the normal opening controls, be clearly marked for emergency use;

7.6.5.1.4. can be operated by one person when standing immediately in front of the door;

7.6.5.1.5. cause the door to open, or enable the door to be easily opened by hand;

7.6.5.1.6. may be protected by a device which can be easily removed or broken to gain access to the emergency control; the operation of the emergency control, or the removal of a protective cover over the control, shall be indicated to the driver both audibly and visually, and

7.6.5.1.7. in the case of a driver-operated door which does not comply with the requirements of paragraph 7.6.5.6.2., it shall be such that after they have been operated to open the door and returned to their normal position, the door will not close again until the driver subsequently operates a closing control.

7.6.5.2. A device may be provided which is operated by the driver from the driving seat to deactivate the outside emergency controls in order to lock the service doors from outside. In this case, the outside emergency controls shall be reactivated automatically either by the starting of the engine or before the vehicle reaches a speed of 20 km/h. Subsequently, deactivation of the outside emergency controls shall not occur automatically, but shall require a further action by the driver.

7.6.5.3. Every driver-operated service door shall be capable of operation by the driver when in the driving seat using controls which, except in the case of a foot control, are clearly and distinctively marked.

7.6.5.4. Every power-operated service door shall activate a visual tell-tale, which shall be plainly visible to the driver when seated in the normal driving position in any ambient lighting condition, to warn that a door is not fully closed. This tell-tale shall signal whenever the rigid structure of the door is between the fully open position and a point 30 mm from the fully closed position. One tell-tale may serve for one or more doors. However, no such tell-tale shall be fitted in respect of a front service door which does not comply with the requirements of paragraphs 7.6.5.6.1.1. and 7.6.5.6.1.2.

7.6.5.5. Where controls are provided for the driver to open and close a power-operated service door, they shall be such that the driver is able to reverse the movement of the door at any time during the closing or opening process.

7.6.5.6. The construction and control system of every power-operated service door shall be such that a passenger is unlikely to be injured by the door or trapped in the door as it closes.

7.6.5.6.1. This requirement shall be considered satisfied if the following two requirements are met:

7.6.5.6.1.1. the first requirement is that when the closing of the door at any measuring point described in Annex 6 is resisted by a clamping force not exceeding 150 N, the door shall reopen automatically to its fullest extent and, except in the case of an automatically-operated service door, remain open until a closing control is operated. The clamping force may be measured by any method to the satisfaction of the competent authority. Guidelines are given in Annex 6 to this Regulation. The peak force may be higher than 150 N for a short time provided that it does not exceed 300 N. The reopening system may be checked by means of a test bar having a section of height 60 mm, width 30 mm with corners radiused to 5 mm;

7.6.5.6.1.2. the second requirement is that whenever the doors are closed onto the wrist or fingers of a passenger:

7.6.5.6.1.2.1. the door reopens automatically to its fullest extent and, except in the case of an automatically-operated service door, remains open until a closing control is operated; or

7.6.5.6.1.2.2. the wrist or fingers can be readily extracted from the doors without risk of injury to the passenger. This requirement may be checked by hand, or by means of the test bar mentioned in paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.1., tapered at one end over a length of 300 mm from a thickness of 30 mm to a thickness of 5 mm. It shall not be treated with polish nor lubricated. If the door traps the bar it shall be capable of being easily removed; or

7.6.5.6.1.2.3. the door is maintained at a position allowing the free passage of a test bar having a section of height 60 mm, width 20 mm, with corners radiused to 5 mm. This position shall not be more than 30 mm distant from the fully closed position.

7.6.5.6.2. In the case of a front service door the requirement of paragraph 7.6.5.6. shall be considered satisfied if the door:

7.6.5.6.2.1. fulfils the requirements of paragraphs 7.6.5.6.1.1. and 7.6.5.6.1.2.; or

7.6.5.6.2.2. is fitted with soft edges; these shall not, however be so soft that if the doors are closed on the test bar mentioned in paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.1. the rigid structure of the doors will reach the fully closed position.

7.6.5.7. Where a power-operated service door is held closed only by the continued application of the power supply a visual warning device shall be provided to inform the driver of any failure in the power supply to the doors.

7.6.5.8. A starting prevention device, if fitted, shall be effective only at speeds of less than 5 km/h and shall be incapable of operation above that speed.

7.6.5.9. If the vehicle is not fitted with a starting prevention device, an audible warning to the driver shall be activated if the vehicle is driven away from rest when any power-operated service door is not fully closed. This audible warning shall be activated at a speed exceeding 5 km/h for doors complying with the requirements of paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.2.3.

7.6.6. Additional technical requirements for automatically-operated service doors

7.6.6.1. Activation of the opening controls.

7.6.6.1.1. Except as provided in paragraph 7.6.5.1., the opening controls of every automatically-operated service door shall be capable of being activated and deactivated only by the driver from his seat.

7.6.6.1.2. Activation and deactivation may be either direct, by means of a switch, or indirect, for example by opening and closing the front service door.

7.6.6.1.3. Activation of the opening controls by the driver shall be indicated inside and, where a door is to be opened from outside, also on the outside of the vehicle; the indicator (e.g. illuminated push-button, illuminated sign) shall be on or adjacent to the door to which it relates.

7.6.6.1.4. In the case of direct actuation by means of a switch the functional state of the system shall be clearly indicated to the driver, by, for example, the position of the switch or an indicator lamp or an illuminated switch. The switch shall be specially marked and arranged in such a way that it cannot be confused with other controls.

7.6.6.2. Opening of automatically-operated service doors.

7.6.6.2.1. After activation of the opening controls by the driver it shall be possible for passengers to open the door as follows:

7.6.6.2.1.1. from inside, for example by pressing a push-button or passing a light barrier, and

7.6.6.2.1.2. from outside, except in the case of a door intended only as an exit and marked as such, by, for example, pressing an illuminated push-button, a push-button beneath an illuminated sign, or a similar device marked with a suitable instruction.

7.6.6.2.2. The pressing of the push-buttons mentioned in paragraph 7.6.6.2.1.1., and the use of the means of communication with the driver mentioned in paragraph 7.7.9.1., may send a signal which is stored and which, after the activation of the opening controls by the driver, effects the opening of the door.

7.6.6.3. Closing of automatically-operated service doors.

7.6.6.3.1. When an automatically-operated service door has opened it shall close again automatically after a time interval has elapsed. If a passenger enters or leaves the vehicle during this time interval, a safety device (e.g. a footboard contact, light barrier, one-way gate) shall ensure that the time until the door closes is sufficiently extended.

7.6.6.3.2. If the passenger enters or leaves the vehicle while the door is closing, the closing process shall be interrupted automatically and the door shall return to the open position. The reversal may be actuated by one of the safety devices referred to in paragraph 7.6.6.3.1. or by any other device.

7.6.6.3.3. A door that has closed automatically in accordance with paragraph 7.6.6.3.1. shall be capable of being opened again by a passenger in accordance with paragraph 7.6.6.2.; this shall not apply if the driver has deactivated the opening controls.

7.6.6.3.4. After deactivation of the opening controls of the automatically-operated service doors by the driver, open doors shall close in accordance with paragraphs 7.6.6.3.1. and 7.6.6.3.2.

7.6.6.4. Inhibition of the automatic closing process on doors marked for special service, e.g. for passengers with prams, passengers with reduced mobility, etc.

7.6.6.4.1. The driver shall be able to inhibit the automatic closing process by actuation of a special control. A passenger shall also be able to inhibit the automatic closing process directly by pressing a special push-button.

7.6.6.4.2. The inhibition of the automatic closing process shall be indicated to the driver, e.g. by a visual tell-tale.

7.6.6.4.3. Re-establishment of the automatic closing process shall in any case be capable of being done by the driver.

7.6.6.4.4. Paragraph 7.6.6.3. shall apply to the subsequent closing of the door.

7.6.7. Technical requirements for emergency doors

7.6.7.1. Emergency doors shall be capable of being easily opened from inside and from outside when the vehicle is stationary. However, this requirement shall not be construed as precluding the possibility of locking the door from the outside, provided that the door can always be opened from the inside by the use of the normal opening mechanism.

7.6.7.2. Emergency doors, during their use as such, shall not be of the power-operated type unless, once the control prescribed in paragraph 7.6.5.1. has been actuated and returned to its normal position, the doors do not close again until the driver subsequently operates a closing control. They shall also not be of the sliding type except in the case of vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers. For these vehicles a sliding door, which has been shown to be capable of being opened without the use of tools after a frontal barrier collision test in accordance with Regulation No 33, can be accepted as an emergency door.

7.6.7.3. Every control or device for opening an emergency door from the outside shall be between 1 000 mm and 1 500 mm from the ground and not more than 500 mm from the door. In vehicles of Classes I, II and III every control or device for opening an emergency door from the inside shall be between 1 000 mm and 1 500 mm from the upper surface of the floor or step nearest to the control and be not more than 500 mm from the door. This shall not apply to controls located within the driver's area.

7.6.7.4. Hinged emergency doors fitted to the side of the vehicle shall be hinged at their forward edge and shall open outwards. Check straps, chains or other restraining devices shall be permitted, provided that they do not prevent the door from opening to, and remaining open at, an angle of at least 100 degrees. If a means is provided sufficient to give free passage to the emergency door access gauge, the 100 degrees minimum angle requirement shall not apply.

7.6.7.5. Emergency doors shall be proofed against unintentional operation. However, this requirement shall not apply if the emergency door is locked automatically when the vehicle is moving at a speed exceeding 5 km/h.

7.6.7.6. All emergency doors shall be provided with an audible device to warn the driver when they are not securely closed. The warning device shall be operated by movement of the door catch or handle and not by movement of the door itself.

7.6.8. Technical requirements for emergency windows.

7.6.8.1. Every hinged or ejectable emergency window shall open outwards. Ejectable types shall not become totally detached from the vehicle when operated. The operation of ejectable windows shall be such that inadvertent ejection is effectively prevented.

7.6.8.2. Every emergency window shall:

7.6.8.2.1. either be capable of being easily and instantaneously operated from inside and from outside the vehicle by means of a device recognised as satisfactory; or

7.6.8.2.2. be made of readily-breakable safety glass. This latter provision precludes the possibility of using panes of laminated glass or of plastic material. A device shall be provided adjacent to each emergency window, readily available to persons inside the vehicle, to ensure that each window can be broken.

7.6.8.3. Every emergency window which can be locked from the outside shall be so constructed as to be capable of being opened at all times from inside the vehicle.

7.6.8.4. If the emergency window is of a type horizontally hinged at the top edge, an appropriate device shall be provided to hold it fully open. Every hinged emergency window shall operate so as not to obstruct clear passage from inside or outside the vehicle.

7.6.8.5. The height of the lower edge of an emergency window fitted in the side of the vehicle from the general level of the floor immediately below it (excluding any local variations such as the presence of a wheel or transmission housing) shall be not more than 1 200 mm nor less than 650 mm in the case of a hinged emergency window, or 500 mm in the case of a window made of breakable glass.

However, in the case of a hinged emergency window, the height of the lower edge may be reduced to a minimum of 500 mm provided that the window aperture is equipped with a guard up to a height of 650 mm to prevent the possibility of passengers falling out of the vehicle. Where the window aperture is equipped with a guard, the size of the window aperture above the guard shall not be less than the minimum size prescribed for an emergency window.

7.6.8.6. Every hinged emergency window which is not clearly visible from the driver's seat shall be fitted with an audible warning device to warn the driver when it is not completely closed. The window lock, and not the movement of the window itself, shall actuate this device.

7.6.9. Technical requirements for escape hatches.

7.6.9.1. Every escape hatch shall operate so as not to obstruct the clear passage from inside or outside the vehicle.

7.6.9.2. Roof escape hatches shall be ejectable, hinged or made of readily-breakable safety glass. Floor hatches shall be either hinged or ejectable and shall be fitted with an audible warning device to warn the driver when it is not securely closed. The floor escape hatch lock, and not the movement of the hatch itself, shall actuate this device. Floor escape hatches shall be proofed against unintentional operation. However this requirement shall not apply if the floor hatch is locked automatically when the vehicle is moving at a speed exceeding 5 km/h.

7.6.9.3. Ejectable types shall not become totally detached from the vehicle when operated such that the hatch is not a danger to other road users. The operation of ejectable escape hatches shall be such that inadvertent operation is effectively prevented. Floor ejectable hatches shall eject only into the passenger compartment.

7.6.9.4. Hinged escape hatches shall hinge along the edge towards the front or rear of the vehicle and shall hinge through an angle of at least 100 degrees. Hinged floor escape hatches shall hinge into the passenger compartment.

7.6.9.5. Escape hatches shall be capable of being easily opened or removed from the inside and from the outside. However, this requirement shall not be construed as precluding the possibility of locking the escape hatch for the purpose of securing the vehicle when unattended, provided that the escape hatch can always be opened or removed from the inside by the use of the normal opening or removal mechanism. In the case of a readily-breakable hatch, a device shall be provided adjacent to the hatch, readily available to persons inside the vehicle, to ensure that the hatch can be broken.

7.6.10. Technical requirements for retractable steps

Retractable steps if fitted shall comply with the following requirements:

7.6.10.1. the operation of retractable steps may be synchronised with that of the corresponding service or emergency door;

7.6.10.2. when the door is closed no part of the retractable step shall project more than 10 mm beyond the adjacent line of the body work;

7.6.10.3. when the door is open and the retractable step is in the extended position, the surface area shall conform to the requirements of paragraph 7.7.7. of this Annex;

7.6.10.4. in the case of a power-operated step, it shall not be possible for the vehicle to move from rest, under its own power, when the step is in the extended position. In the case of a manually operated step, an audible indication shall alert the driver when the step is not fully retracted;

7.6.10.5. a power-operated step shall not be capable of being extended when the vehicle is in motion. If the device to operate the step fails, the step shall retract and remain in the retracted position. However, the operation of the corresponding door shall not be hindered in the event of such a failure or by the step being damaged or obstructed;

7.6.10.6. when a passenger is standing on a power-operated retractable step, the corresponding door shall be incapable of being closed. Compliance with this requirement shall be checked by placing a mass of 15 kg, representing a small child, at the centre of the step. This requirement shall not apply to any door within the driver's direct field of view;

7.6.10.7. the movement of the retractable step shall not be liable to cause any bodily harm either to passengers or to persons waiting at bus stops;

7.6.10.8. the corners of retractable steps facing forwards or rearwards shall be rounded to a radius of not less than 5 mm; the edges shall be rounded to a radius of not less than 2,5 mm;

7.6.10.9. when the passenger door is open, the retractable step shall be securely held in the extended position. When a mass of 136 kg is placed in the centre of a single step or a mass of 272 kg is placed in the centre of a double step the deflection at any point on the step shall not exceed 10 mm.

7.6.11. Markings

7.6.11.1. Each emergency exit shall be marked, inside and outside the vehicle, by an inscription reading ‘Emergency exit’ supplemented, where appropriate, by an international representative symbol.

7.6.11.2. The emergency controls of service doors and of all emergency exits shall be marked as such inside and outside the vehicle either by a representative symbol or by a clearly-worded inscription.

7.6.11.3. Clear instructions concerning the method of operation shall be placed on or close to every emergency control of an exit.

7.6.11.4. The language in which any textual markings intended to comply with paragraphs 7.6.11.1. to 7.6.11.3. are to be inscribed shall be determined by the approving authority bearing in mind the country/countries in which the applicant intends to market the vehicle in liaison if necessary with the competent authorities of the country/countries concerned. If the authority of the country/countries where the vehicle is to be registered has the language changed, this change shall imply no new type-approval process.

7.7. Interior arrangements

7.7.1. Access to service doors (see Annex 4, Figure l)

7.7.1.1. The free space extending inwards into the vehicle from the side wall in which the door is mounted shall permit the free passage of a vertical rectangular panel 20 mm thick, 400 mm wide and 700 mm in height above the floor, having a second panel 550 mm wide superimposed symmetrically above it; the height of the second panel being as prescribed for the relevant class of vehicle. The dual panel shall be maintained parallel with the door aperture as it is moved from the starting position, where the plane of the face nearest to the interior of the vehicle is tangential to the outermost edge of the aperture, to the position where it touches the first step, after which it shall be kept at right angles to the probable direction of motion of a person using the entrance.

7.7.1.2. The height of the upper rectangular panel shall be for the relevant class of vehicle and category as prescribed in the table below. As an alternative, a trapezoidal section, having a height of 500 mm, forming the transition between the width of the upper and the lower panel, may be used. In this case, the total height of the rectangular section and this trapezoidal section of the upper panel shall be 1 100 mm for all classes of vehicles with a capacity exceeding 22 passengers, and 950 mm for the classes of vehicle with a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers.







Vehicle class Height of the upper panel (mm) (Dimension ‘A’ figure 1) Total height Width Alternative trapezoidal section Class A (*1) 950 950 1 650 550 (*2) Class B (*1) 700 950 1 400 Class I 1 100 1 100 1 800 Class II 950 1 100 1 650 Class III 850 1 100 1 550 ( *1 ) For vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers, the lower panel may be displaced relative to the upper panel provided that it is in the same direction. ( *2 ) The width of the upper panel may be reduced at the top to 400 mm when a chamfer not exceeding 30 degrees from the horizontal is included.

7.7.1.3. When the centre line of this dual panel has traversed a distance of 300 mm from its starting position and the dual panel is touching the step surface it shall be retained in that position.

7.7.1.4. The cylindrical figure (see Annex 4, Figure 6) used for testing the gangway clearance shall then be moved starting from the gangway, in the probable direction of motion of a person leaving the vehicle, until its centre line has reached the vertical plane which contains the top edge of the uppermost step, or until a plane tangential to the upper cylinder touches the dual panel, whichever occurs first, and retained in that position (see Annex 4, Figure 2).

7.7.1.5. Between the cylindrical figure, at the position set out in paragraph 7.7.1.4., and the dual panel, at the position set out in paragraph 7.7.1.3., there shall be a free space whose upper and lower limits are shown in Annex 4, Figure 2. This free space shall permit the free passage of a vertical panel whose form and dimensions are the same as the cylindrical form (paragraph 7.7.5.1.), central section and a thickness of no more than 20 mm. This panel shall be moved, from the cylindrical form tangential position, until its external side is in contact with the dual panel interior side, touching the plane or planes defined by the step upper edges, in the probable direction of motion of a person using the entrance (see Annex 4, Figure 2).

7.7.1.6. The free passage clearance for this figure shall not include any space extending to 300 mm in front of any uncompressed seat cushion of a forward or rearward facing seat, or 225 mm in the case of seats fitted at wheel arches, and to the height of the top of the seat cushion.

7.7.1.7. In the case of a folding seat, this space shall be determined with the seat in the position of use.

7.7.1.8. However, a folding seat for use by the crew may obstruct the access passage to a service door when in the position of use provided that:

7.7.1.8.1. it is clearly indicated, both in the vehicle itself and on the communication form (see Annex 1), that the seat is for the use of crew only;

7.7.1.8.2. when the seat is not in use it folds automatically as necessary to enable the requirements of paragraphs 7.7.1.1. or 7.7.1.2. and 7.7.1.3., 7.7.1.4. and 7.7.1.5. to be met;

7.7.1.8.3. the door is not considered to be a mandatory exit for the purpose of paragraph 7.6.1.4.;

7.7.1.8.4. when the seat is in the position of use, and when it is in the folded position, no part of it shall be forward of a vertical plane passing through the centre of the seating surface of the driver's seat in its rearmost position and through the centre of the exterior rear-view mirror mounted on the opposite side of the vehicle.

7.7.1.9. In the case of vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers a doorway and the route by which passengers gain access to it shall be considered unobstructed if they have:

7.7.1.9.1. measured parallel with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, there is a clearance of not less than 220 mm at any point and 550 mm at any point being more than 500 mm above the floor or steps (Annex 4, Figure 3).

7.7.1.9.2. measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, there is a clearance of not less than 300 mm at any point and 550 mm at any point being more than 1 200 mm above the floor or steps or less than 300 mm below the ceiling (Annex 4, Figure 4).

7.7.1.10. The service door and emergency door dimensions in paragraph 7.6.3.1. and the requirements of paragraphs 7.7.1.1. to 7.7.1.7., 7.7.2.1. to 7.7.2.3., 7.7.5.1. and 7.7.8.5. shall not apply to a vehicle of class B with a technically permissible maximum mass not exceeding 3,5 tonnes and up to 12 passenger seats in which each seat has unobstructed access to at least two doors.

7.7.1.11. The maximum slope of the floor in the access passage shall not exceed 5 percent when measured with the vehicle at its mass in running order standing on a horizontal surface. Any kneeling device shall not be engaged.

7.7.2. Access to emergency doors (see Annex 4, Figure 5)

The following requirements shall not apply to driver's doors used as emergency exits in vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers.

7.7.2.1. The free space between the gangway and the emergency door aperture shall permit the free passage of a vertical cylinder 300 mm in diameter and 700 mm high from the floor and supporting a second vertical cylinder 550 mm in diameter, the aggregate height of the assembly being 1 400 mm.

The diameter of the upper cylinder may be reduced at the top to 400 mm when a chamfer not exceeding 30 degrees from the horizontal is included.

7.7.2.2. The base of the first cylinder shall be within the projection of the second cylinder.

7.7.2.3. Where folding seats are installed alongside this passage, the free space for the cylinder shall be required to be determined when the seat is in the position for use.

7.7.2.4. As an alternative to the dual cylinder, the gauging device described in paragraph 7.7.5.1. may be used (see Annex 4, Figure 6).

7.7.3. Access to emergency windows

7.7.3.1. It shall be possible to move a test gauge from the gangway to the exterior of the vehicle through every emergency window.

7.7.3.2. The direction of motion of the test gauge shall be in the direction in which a passenger evacuating the vehicle would be expected to move. The test gauge shall be kept perpendicular to that direction of motion.

7.7.3.3. The test gauge shall be in the form of a thin plate having a size of 600 mm × 400 mm with corners radiused by 200 mm. However, in the case of an emergency window in the rear face of the vehicle, the test gauge may alternatively have a size of 1 400 mm × 350 mm with corners radiused by 175 mm.

7.7.4. Access to escape hatches

7.7.4.1. Escape hatches in the roof

7.7.4.1.1. Except in the case of Class I vehicles, at least one escape hatch shall be located such that a four-sided truncated pyramid having a side angle of 20 degrees and a height of 1 600 mm touches part of a seat or equivalent support. The axis of the pyramid shall be vertical and its smaller section shall contact the aperture area of the escape hatch. Supports may be foldable or movable provided they can be locked in their position of use. This position shall be taken for verification.

7.7.4.1.2. When the structural thickness of the roof is more than 150 mm, the smaller section of the pyramid shall contact the aperture area of the escape hatch at the level of the outside surface of the roof.

7.7.4.2. Escape hatches in the floor

In the case of an escape hatch fitted in the floor, the hatch shall give direct and free access to the exterior of the vehicle and be fitted where there is a clear space above the hatch equivalent to the height of the gangway. Any heat source or moving components shall be at least 500 mm from any part of the hatch aperture.

It shall be possible to move a test gauge in the form of a thin plate having dimensions 600 mm × 400 mm with corners radiused by 200 mm in a horizontal position from a height above the floor of the vehicle of 1 m to the ground.

7.7.5. Gangways (see Annex 4, Figure 6)

7.7.5.1. The gangway of a vehicle shall be so designed and constructed as to permit the free passage of a gauging device consisting of two co-axial cylinders with an inverted truncated cone interposed between them, the gauging device having the following dimensions (in mm):







Class I Class II Class III Class A Class B Diameter of lower cylinder ‘A’ 450 350 300 350 300 Height of lower cylinder 900 900 900 900 900 Diameter of upper cylinder ‘C’ 550 550 450 550 450 Height of upper cylinder ‘B’ 500 (*1) 500 (*1) 500 (*1) 500 (*1) 300 Overall height ‘H’ 1 900 (*1) 1 900 (*1) 1 900 (*1) 1 900 (*1) 1 500 ( *1 ) The height of the upper cylinder and herewith the overall height may be reduced by 100 mm in any part of the gangway to the rear of: a) a transverse plane situated 1,5 m forward of the centre line of the rear axle (foremost rear axle in the case of vehicles with more than one rear axle), and b) a transverse vertical plane situated at the rear edge of the service door or of the rearmost service door if there are more than one service door.

The diameter of the upper cylinder may be reduced at the top to 300 mm when a chamfer not exceeding 30 degrees from the horizontal is included.

The gauging device may come into contact with strap hangers, if fitted, or other flexible objects such as seat belt components and move them away.

7.7.5.1.1. If there is no exit forward of a seat or row of seats:

7.7.5.1.1.1. in the case of forward-facing seats, the front edge of the cylindrical gauge defined in paragraph 7.7.5.1. shall reach at least until the transverse vertical plane tangential to the foremost point of the foremost front row seat back and be retained in that position. From this plane, it must be possible to move the panel shown in Annex 4, Figure 7, in such a way that starting from the contact position with the cylindrical gauge, the panel side facing the exterior of the vehicle is displaced forwards a distance of 660 mm;

7.7.5.1.1.2. in the case of sideways facing seats, the forward part of the cylindrical gauge must reach at least the transversal plane which coincides with a vertical plane passing through the centre of the forward seat (Annex 4, Figure 7);

7.7.5.1.1.3. In the case of rearward facing seats, the forward part of the cylindrical gauge shall reach at least the transverse vertical plane tangential to the face of the seat cushions of the forward row or seat (Annex 4, Figure 7).

7.7.5.2. On vehicles of Class I, the diameter of the lower cylinder may be reduced from 450 mm to 400 mm in any part of the gangway to the rear of:

7.7.5.2.1. a transverse vertical plane situated 1,5 m forward of the centre line of the rear axle (foremost rear axle in the case of vehicles with more than one rear axle); and

7.7.5.2.2. a transverse vertical plane situated at the rear edge of the rearmost service door.

7.7.5.3. On vehicles of Class III the seats on one side or on both sides of the gangway may be movable laterally, it being then possible to reduce the width of the gangway to a figure corresponding to a lower cylinder diameter of 220 mm, on condition that the operation of a control on each seat, readily accessible to a person standing in the gangway, shall be sufficient to cause the seat to return easily and, if possible, automatically, even when it is loaded, to the position corresponding to a minimum width of 300 mm.

7.7.5.4. On articulated vehicles, the gauging device defined in paragraph 7.7.5.1. shall be able to pass unobstructed through the articulated section. No part of the soft covering of that section, including parts of bellows, shall project into the gangway.

7.7.5.5. Steps may be fitted in the gangways. The width of such steps shall not be less than the width of the gangway at the top of the steps.

7.7.5.6. Folding seats allowing passengers to sit in the gangway shall not be permitted.

7.7.5.7. Laterally-sliding seats which in one position encroach on the gangway shall not be permitted except on vehicles of Class III and subject to the conditions prescribed in paragraph 7.7.5.3.

7.7.5.8. In the case of vehicles to which paragraph 7.7.1.9. applies, a gangway shall not be necessary provided the access dimensions specified in that paragraph are respected.

7.7.5.9. The surface of gangways and access passages shall be slip-resistant.

7.7.6. Slope of gangway

The slope of the gangway, measured with the vehicle unladen on a horizontal surface, and with the kneeling system not activated, shall not exceed:

7.7.6.1. 8 % in the case of a vehicle of Class I, II or A; or

7.7.6.2. (reserved)

7.7.6.3 12,5 % in the case of a vehicle of Class III and B; and

7.7.6.4. 5 % in the case of the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of vehicle.

7.7.7. Steps (see Annex 4, Figure 8)

7.7.7.1. The maximum and minimum height, with the kneeling system not activated, and the minimum depth of steps for passengers at service and emergency doors and within the vehicle shall be as follows:





Note : 1. At a double doorway the steps in each half of the access passage shall be treated separately. 2. Annex 4, Figure 8, dimension E, need not be the same for each step.

7.7.7.1.1. Any transition from a sunken gangway to a seating area shall not be considered to be a step. However, the vertical distance between the gangway surface and the floor of the seating area shall not exceed 350 mm.

7.7.7.2. For the purpose of paragraph 7.7.7., the height of a step shall be measured at the centre of its width. Furthermore, manufacturers should specifically take account of access by passengers with reduced mobility, particularly in relation to a step height to be kept to a minimum.

7.7.7.3. The height of the first step in relation to the ground shall be measured with the vehicle on level ground, at its mass in running order as defined in paragraph 2.18. of this Regulation, and the tyre equipment and pressure being as specified by the manufacturer for the technically permi