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Thisdocumentismeantpurelyasadocumentationtoolandtheinstitutionsdonotassumeanyliabilityforitscontents
►B COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
of 3 May 1989
on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to foodstuffs intended for
particular nutritional uses
(89/398/EEC)
(OJ L 186, 30.6.1989, p. 27)
Amended by:
OfficialJournal
No page date
►M1 Directive 96/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19
December 1996 L 48 20 19.2.1997
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COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
of 3 May 1989
ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingto
foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses
(89/398/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100a thereof,
Having regard to the proposalfrom the Commission (1),
In cooperation with the European Parliament (2),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and SocialCommittee (3),
Whereas CouncilDirective 77/94/EEC of 21 December 1976 on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to foodstuffsfor particular nutritional uses (
4), as last amended by Directive 85/
7/EEC (5), has been amended on a number of occasions; whereas, on the
occasion of new amendments, the said Directive should, for reasons ofclarity, be redrafted;
Whereas the adoption of Directive 77/94/EEC was justified by the fact
that the differences between national laws relating to foodstuffs forparticular nutritional uses impeded their free movement, may havecreated unequalconditions of competion, and thus had a direct impacton the establishment and functioning of the common market;
Whereas the approximation of nationall aws presupposed, in an initial
stage, the drawing-up of a common definition, the determination ofmeasures enabling the consumer to be protected against fraudconcerning the nature of these products and the adoption of rules to becomplied with in labelling the products in question;
Whereas the products covered by this Directive are foodstuffs the
composition and preparation of which must be specially designed tomeet the particular nutritional requirements of the persons for whomthey are mainly intended; whereas it may be necessary, therefore, toprovide for derogations to the general or specific provisions applicableto foodstuffs in order to achieve the specific nutritionalobjective;
Whereas, although foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses
which are the subject of specific provisions can be efficiently monitoredon the basis of the general rules for monitoring all types of foodstuffs,this is not always the case for those foodstuffs in respect of which nosuch specific provisions exist;
Whereas for the latter the usual means available to the monitoring
bodies might not in certain cases enable them to check whether afoodstuff actually has the particular nutritional properties attributed toit; whereas it is necessary therefore to provide that, where necessary, theperson responsible for placing that foodstuff on the market should assistthe monitoring body in carrying out its activities;
Whereas the current state of development of Community rules on
additives means that it is not possible, in the framework of thisDirective, to adopt provisions on the use of additives in foodstuffsintended for particular nutritional uses if they do not belong to one ofthe groups mentioned in Annex I; whereas this question should there-fore be re-examined in due course;
(1) OJ No C 124, 23. 5. 1986, p. 7, and OJ No C 161, 19. 6. 1987, p. 12.
(2) OJ No C 99, 13. 4. 1987, p. 54, and OJ No C 120, 16. 5. 1989.
(3) OJ No C 328, 22. 12. 1986, p. 9.
(4) OJ No L 26, 31. 1. 1977, p. 55.
(5) OJ No L 2, 3. 1. 1985, p. 22.
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Whereas the drawing-up of specific Directives implementing the basic
principles of Community rules and amendments thereto are imple-menting measures of a technicalnature; whereas their adoption shoul dbe entrusted to the Commission in order to simplify and expedite theprocedure;
Whereas in al lcases where the Councilempowers the Commission to
implement rules relating to foodstuffs intended for human consumption,provision should be made for a procedure establishing close cooperationbetween the Member States and the Commission within the StandingCommittee for Foodstuffs, set up by Decision 69/414/EEC (
1);
Whereas this Directive does not affect the time limits within which the
Member States must comply with Directive 77/94/EEC,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
1. This Directive concerns foodstuffs for particular nutritional uses.2. (a) Foodstuffs for particular nutritional uses are foodstuffs which,
owing to their specialcomposition or manufacturing process, areclearly distinguishable from foodstuffs for normal consumption,which are suitable for their claimed nutritional purposes andwhich are marketed in such a way as to indicate such suitability.
(b) A particular nutritional use must fulfil the particular nutritional
requirements:
(i) of certain categories of persons whose digestive processes
or metabolism are disturbed; or
(ii) of certain categories of persons who are in a specialphysio-
logical condition and who are therefore able to obtainspecial benefit from controlled consumption of certainsubstances in foodstuffs; or
(iii) of infants or young children in good health.
Article 2
1. The products referred to in Article 1 (2) (b) (i) and (ii) may be
characterized as ‘dietetic' or ‘dietary'.
2. In the labelling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs for
normal consumption the following shall be prohibited:
(a) the use of the adjectives ‘dietetic' or ‘dietary' either alone or in
conjunction with other words, to designate these foodstuffs;
(b) all other markings or any presentation likely to give the impression
that one of the products referred to in Article 1 is involved.
3. However, in accordance with provisions to be adopted according
to the procedure provided for in Article 13, it shall be possible forfoodstuffs for normal consumption which are suitable for a particularnutritionaluse to indicate such suitabil ity.
The aforesaid provisions may lay down the arrangements for indicating
this suitability.
Article 3
1. The nature or composition of the products referred to in Article 1
must be such that the products are appropriate for the particular nutri-tionaluse intended.
2. The products referred to in Article 1 must also comply with any
mandatory provisions applicable to foodstuffs for normal consumption,
(1) OJ No L 291, 19. 11. 1969, p. 9.
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save as regards changes made to them to ensure their conformity with
the definitions given in Article 1.
Article 4
1. The specific provisions applicable to the groups of foods for
particular nutritional uses appearing in Annex I shall be laid down bymeans of specific Directives.
Such specific Directives may cover in particular:
(a) essentialrequirements as to the nature or composition of the prod-
ucts;
(b) provisions regarding the quality of raw materials;
(c) hygiene requirements;
(d) permitted changes within the meaning of Article 3 (2);
(e) a list of additives;
(f) provisions regarding labelling, presentation and advertising;
(g) sampling procedures and methods of analysis necessary for
checking compliance with the requirements of the specific Direct-ives.
Such specific Directives shall be adopted:
— in the case of point (e), by the Councilacting in accordance
with the procedure laid down in Article 100a,
— in the case of the other points, in accordance with the procedure
laid down in Article 13.
Provisions likely to have an effect on public health shall be adopted
after consultation of the Scientific Committee for Food, set up byDecision 74/234/EEC (
1).
▼M1
1a. To enable foodstuff intended for particular nutritional uses andresulting from scientific and technological progress to be placed on themarket rapidly, the Commission may, after consulting the ScientificCommittee for Food and in accordance with the procedure laid down inArticle 13, authorize for a two-year period the placing on the market offoodstuffs which do not comply with the rules as to composition laiddown by the specific directives referred to in Annex I.
If necessary, the Commission may add in the authorization decision
labelling rules relating to the change in composition.
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2. A list of substances with specific nutritional purposes such asvitamins, mineralsal ts, amino acids and other substances intended to beadded to foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses, togetherwith the purity criteria applicable to them, and, where appropriate, theconditions under which they should be used, shall be adopted in accord-ance with the procedure laid down in Article 13.
Article 5
Conditions under which reference may be made in labelling, presenta-
tion and advertising to a diet or to a category of persons for which aproduct referred to in Article 1 is intended may be adopted in accord-ance with the procedure laid down in Article 13.
Article 6
1. The labelling and the labelling methods used, the presentation and
the advertising of the products referred to in Article 1 must not attributeproperties for the prevention, treatment or cure of human disease tosuch products or imply such properties.
(1) OJ No L 136, 20. 5. 1974, p. 1.
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Derogations from the first subparagraph may be provided for in accord-
ance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 in exceptional andclearly defined cases. Derogations may be continued until that proce-dure has been completed.
2. Paragraph 1 shall not prevent the dissemination of any useful
information or recommendations exclusively intended for personshaving qualifications in medicine, nutrition or pharmacy.
Article 7
1. CouncilDirective 79/112/EEC of 18 December 1978 on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the label-ling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs (
1), as last amended by
Directive 89/395/EEC (2), shall apply to the products referred to in
Article 1, under the conditions set out below.
2. The designation under which a product is sold shall be accompa-
nied by an indication of its particular nutritional characteristics;however, in the case of the products referred to in Article 1 (2) (b) (iii),this reference shall be replaced by a reference to the purpose for whichthey are intended.
3. The labelling of products for which no specific Directive has been
adopted in accordance with Article 4 must also include:
(a) the particular elements of the qualitative and quantitative composi-
tion or the specialmanufacturing process which gives the productits particular nutritional characteristics;
(b) the available energy value expressed in kilojoules and kilocalories
and the carbohydrate, protein and fat content per 100 grams or 100millilitres of the product as marketed and, where appropriate, perspecified quantity of the product as proposed for consumption.
If, however, the energy value is less than 50 kilojoules (12 kilocalories)
per 100 grams or 100 millilitres of the product as marketed, theseparticulars may be replaced either by the words ‘energy value less than50 kilojoules (12 kilocalories) per 100 grams' or by the words ‘energyvalue less than 50 kilojoules (12 kilocalories) per 100 millilitres'.
4. The particular labelling requirements for those products for which
a specific Directive has been adopted shall be laid down in thatDirective.
Article 8
1. The products referred to in Article 1 shall only be allowed on the
retail market in pre-packaged form, and the packaging shall completelycover the products.
2. Member States may, however, permit derogations from these
provisions for purposes of the retailtrade provided that the product isaccompanied by the particulars provided for in Article 7 at the timewhen it is put on sale.
Article 9
To permit efficient officialmonitoring of foodstuffs intended for a
particular nutritional use which do not belong to one of the groups listedin Annex I the following specific provisions shall apply:
1. When a product as referred to above is placed on the market for the
first time the manufacturer or, where a product is manufactured in athird State, the importer, shall notify the competent authority of theMember State where the product is being marketed by forwarding ita modelof the l abelused for the product.
(1) OJ No L 33, 8. 2. 1979, p. 1.
(2) OJ No L 186, 30. 6. 1989, p. 17.
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2. Where the same product is subsequently placed on the market in
another Member State the manufacturer or, where appropriate, theimporter, shall provide the competent authority of that Member Statewith the same information, together with an indication of the reci-pient of the first notification.
3. Where necessary, the competent authority shall be empowered to
require the manufacturer or, where appropriate, the importer, toproduce the scientific work and the data establishing the product’scompliance with Article 1 (2) together with the information providedfor in Article 7 (3) (a). If such work is contained in a readilyavailable publication, a mere reference to this publication shallsuffice.
4. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the identity of
the competent authorities within the meaning of this Article and anyother usefulinformation on them.
The Commission shall publish this information in the Official
Journal of the European Communities .
Detailed rules for implementing this paragraph may be adopted in
accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13.
5. Four years after notification of this Directive, the Commission shall
send the Council a report on the implementation of this Article, ifnecessary, together with appropriate proposals.
Article 10
1. Member States shall not, for reasons related to their composition,
manufacturing specifications, presentation or labelling, prohibit orrestrict trade in products referred to in Article 1 which comply with thisDirective and where appropriate, with Directives adopted in imple-mentation of this Directive.
2. Paragraph 1 shal lnot affect nationalprovisions which are appl ic-
able in the absence of Directives adopted in implementation of thisDirective.
Article 11
1. Where a Member State has detailed grounds for establishing that a
foodstuff intended for a particular nutritional use which does not belongto one of the groups listed in Annex I does not comply with Article 1(2) or endangers human health, albeit freely circulating in one or moreMember States, that Member State may temporarily suspend or restricttrade in that product within its territory. It shall immediately inform theCommission and the other Member States thereof and give reasons forits decision.
2. The Commission shall examine as soon as possible the grounds
adduced by the Member State concerned, consult the Member Stateswithin the Standing Committee for Foodstuffs, and shall then deliver itsopinion without delay and take appropriate measures.
3. If the Commission considers that the nationalmeasure must be
dispensed with or modified, it shall initiate the procedure laid down inArticle 13 for the adoption of appropriate measures.
Article 12
1. Where a Member State, as a result of new information or of a
reassessment of existing information made since one of the specificDirectives was adopted, has detailed grounds for establishing that afoodstuff intended for particular nutritional uses endangers humanhealth although it complies with the relevant specific Directive, thatMember State may temporarily suspend or restrict application of theprovisions in question within its territory. It shall immediately informthe other Member States and the Commission thereof and give reasonsfor its Decision.
2. The Commission shall examine as soon as possible the grounds
adduced by the Member State concerned and shall consult the Member
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States within the Standing Committee for Foodstuffs, and shall thendeliver its opinion without delay and take appropriate measures.
3. If the Commission considers that amendments to this Directive or
to the specific Directives are necessary in order to remedy the difficul-ties mentioned in paragraph 1 and to ensure the protection of humanhealth, it shall initiate the procedure laid down in Article 13 with a viewto adopting those amendments. The Member State which has adoptedsafeguard measures may in that event retain them untilthe amendmentshave been adopted.
Article 13
Where the procedure laid down in this Article is to be followed, the
chairman shall refer the matter to the Standing Committee for Food-stuffs, hereinafter referred to as ‘the Committee', either on his owninitiative or at the request of the representative of a Member State.
The representative of the Commission shall submit to the Committee a
draft of the measures to be taken. The Committee shall deliver itsopinion on the draft within a time limit which the chairman may laydown according to the urgency of the matter. The opinion shall bedelivered by the majority laid down in Article 148 (2) of the Treaty inthe case of decisions which the Councilis required to adopt on aproposalfrom the Commission. The votes of the representatives of theMember States within the Committee shall be weighted in the mannerset out in that Article. The chairman shall not vote.
The Commission shall adopt the measures envisaged if they are in
accordance with the opinion of the Committee.
If the measures envisaged are not in accordance with the opinion of the
Committee, or if no opinion is delivered, the Commission shall, withoutdel ay, submit to the Councila proposalrel ating to the measures to betaken. The Council shall act by a qualified majority.
If, on the expiry of a period of three months from the date on which the
matter was referred to it, the Councilhas not acted, the proposedmeasures shall be adopted by the Commission.
Article 14
Directive 77/94/EEC is hereby repealed.References to the repealed Directive shall be construed as references to
this Directive and are to be read in accordance with the correlation tableset out in Annex II.
Article 15
1. Member States shall amend their laws, regulations and adminis-
trative provisions in such a way as:
— to permit trade in products complying with this Directive not later
than 16 May 1990,
— to prohibit trade in products not complying with this Directive with
effect from 16 May 1991.
They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.2. Paragraph 1 shal lnot affect those nationalprovisions which in the
absence of the Directives referred to in Article 4 apply to certain groupsof foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses.
Article 16
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
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ANNEXI
Groupsoffoodsforparticularnutritionalusesforwhichspecificprovisions
will be laid down by specific Directives(1)
1. Infant formulae2. Follow-up milk and other follow-up foods3. Baby foods4. Low-energy and energy-reduced foods intended for weight control5. Dietary foods for specialmedicalpurposes6. Low-sodium foods, including low-sodium or sodium-free dietary salts7. Gluten-free foods8. Foods intended to meet the expenditure of intense muscular effort, especially
for sportsmen
9. Foods for persons suffering from carbohydrate-metabolism disorders
(diabetes)
(1) It is understood that products already on the market when the Directive is adopted
will not be affected by it.
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ANNEXII
CORRELATION TABLE
Directive 77/94/EEC This Directive
Article 1 (1) Article 1 (1)
Article 1 (2) Article 2 (2)
Article 1 (3) —
Article 2 (1) Article 3 (1)
Article 2 (2) first subparagraph Article 2 (1)
Article 2 (2) second subparagraph —
Article 2 (3) Article 2 (2)
Article 2 (4) Article 2 (3)
Article 3 Article 3 (2)
— Article 4
Article 4 (1) Article 6 (1)
Article 4 (2) Article 5
Article 4 (3) Article 6 (2)
Article 5 (1) Article 7 (1)
Article 5 (2) point (a) Article 7 (2)
Article 5 (2) points (b) and (c) Article 7 (3) points (a) and (b)
Article 5 (2) point (d) —
Article 5 (2) point (e) Article 7 (4)
Article 5 (3) —
Article 6 Article 8
— Article 9
Article 7 (1) Article 10 (1)
— Article 10 (2)
Article 7 (2) —
Article 8 —
— Article 11
— Article 12
Article 9 Article 13
Article 10 —
Article 11 —
— Article 14
Article 12 Article 15
Article 13 Article 16
— Annex I