1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B DIRECTIVE 97/27/EC OFTHE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OFTHE COUNCIL
of 22 July 1997
relating tothemassesanddimensionsofcertain categories ofmotorvehicles andtheir trailers and
amending Directive 70/156/EEC
(OJ L 233, 25.8.1997, p. 1)
Amended by:
OfficialJournal
No page date
►M1 Directive 2001/85/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of
20 November 2001L 42 1 13.2.2002
▼B
DIRECTIVE97/27/ECOFTHEEUROPEANPARLIAMENTAND
OFTHE COUNCIL
of 22 July 1997
relating tothemassesanddimensionsofcertaincategories ofmotor
vehicles and their trailers and amending Directive 70/156/EEC
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN
UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and
in particular Article 100a thereof,
Having regard to the proposalfrom the Commission (1),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and SocialCommittee (2),
Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 189b of
the Treaty (3),
(1) Whereas the totalharmonization of technicalrequirements for
motor vehicles is necessary in order to achieve the smoothfunctioning of the internal market, while ensuring a high level ofsafety for the public;
(2) Whereas the technicalrequirements which certain vehicl ecategories must satisfy pursuant to national laws relate, inter
alia, to their masses and dimensions;
(3) Whereas these requirements differ from one Member State to
another; whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member Statesadopt the same requirements either in addition to or in place oftheir existing rules in order to allow, in particular, the EC type-approvalprocedure which was the subject of CouncilDirective70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws
of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor
vehicles and their trailers (
4), to be applied in respect of each type
of vehicle;
(4) Whereas it is desirable to harmonize the maximum masses and
dimensions of motor vehicles and their trailers to be registered in
the Member States in accordance with Directive 96/53/EC of 25July 1996 laying down, for certain road vehicles circulatingwithin the Community, the maximum authorized dimensions innationaland internationaltraffic and the maximum authorizedweights in internationaltraffic (
5); whereas the aforementioned
Directive applies only to the traffic on the territories of the
Member States and not to technicalrequirements as l aid down inDirective 70/156/EEC;
(5) Whereas Directive 96/53/EC lays down certain maximumauthorized dimensions for both nationaland internationaltraffic
in the Member States with a certain lead time for their entry into
force; whereas some other maximum authorized dimensions, aswell as maximum authorized masses, remain applicable only tointernationaltraffic;
(6) Whereas, as a consequence, the harmonization of the maximumauthorized masses of motor vehicles and their trailers to beregistered in the Member States does not appear to be feasible inthe short term; whereas on the other hand it does now appearfeasible to achieve, as far as possible, the harmonization of theirmaximum dimensions, to dealwith the question of masses by1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 230, 4. 9. 1991, p. 46.
(2) OJ No C 49, 24. 2. 1992, p. 5.
(3) Opinion of the European Parliament of 12 February 1992 (OJ No C 67, 16. 3.
1992, p. 81), Councilcommon position of 28 November 1996 (OJ No C 41,10. 2. 1997, p. 5), Decision of the European Parliament of 9 April 1997 (OJ
No C 132, 28. 4. 1997) and CouncilDecision of 21 May 1997.
(
4) OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 96/79/
EC (OJ No L 18, 21. 1. 1997, p. 7).
(5) OJ No L 235, 17. 9. 1996, p. 59.
▼B
providing for the possibility of a uniform procedure to determine
the registration/in-service maximum permissible masses ofvehicles in each Member State, and to pursue the constant
improvement of safety, in particular with regard to certain
categories of trailers;
(7) Whereas, according to Article 4 (3) and (4) of Directive 96/53/
EC, Member States may allow the circulation on their territory of
category N vehicles with dimensions exceeding the limits laiddown in that Directive, either for the carriage of indivisible loadsor for the purpose of certain nationaltransport operations that donot significantly affect international competition in the transport
sector; whereas, as far as category M
2and M3vehicles are
concerned, Directive 96/53/EC applies only to internationaltraffic; whereas it is therefore necessary by way of derogationto allow approvals for vehicles of dimensions exceeding themaximum dimensions authorized by this Directive and for certainother characteristics, together with the possibility for Member
States to refuse vehicles approved under those derogating
provisions;
(8) Whereas this Directive is one of the separate directives which
must be complied with in order to ensure the conformity of
vehicles with the requirements of the EC type-approval procedureestablished by Directive 70/156/EEC; whereas, consequently, theprovisions laid down in Directive 70/156/EEC relating to vehiclesystems, components and separate technicalunits appl y to thisDirective;
(9) Whereas, in particular, pursuant to Articles 3 (4) and 4 (3) ofDirective 70/156/EEC, each separate directive must have attachedto it an information document incorporating the relevant items of
Annex I to that Directive and also a type-approval certificate
based on Annex VI thereto so that type-approvalcan becomputerized;
(10) Whereas specialprovisions have been incorporated as regardsincomplete vehicles in order to facilitate second-stage approval ofcompleted vehicles;
(11) Whereas specialprovisions are introduced in this Directive totake account of retractable or loadable axles; whereas it isacknowledged that such axles should also be taken into account inCouncilDirective 71/320/EEC of 26 Jul y 1971 on theapproximation of the laws of the Member States relating to thebraking devices of certain categories of motor vehicles and of
their trailers (
1) and in CouncilDirective 70/311/EEC of 8 June
1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member Statesrelating to steering equipment for motor vehicles and theirtrailers (
2);
(12) Whereas special provisions should also be incorporated intoDirective 71/320/EEC in order to take better account of thetechnicalconditions under which vehicl es of categories M
2,M3and N may tow trailers;
(13) Whereas special provisions should also be incorporated intoCouncilDirective 76/114/EEC of 18 December 1975 on theapproximation of the laws of the Member States relating tostatutory plates and inscriptions for motor vehicles and their
trailers, and their location and method of attachment (
3) to take
account of the fact that vehicles may be registered at differentmasses in the Member States,1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 3
(1) OJ No L 202, 6. 9. 1971, p. 37. Directive as last amended by Directive 91/
422/EEC (OJ No L 233, 22. 8. 1991, p. 21).
(2) OJ No L 133, 18. 6. 1970, p. 10. Directive as last amended by Directive 92/
62/EEC (OJ No L 199, 18. 7. 1992, p. 33).
(3) OJ No L 24, 30. 1. 1976, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 78/507/
EEC (OJ No L 155, 13. 6. 1978, p. 31).
▼B
HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
For the purposes of this Directive, ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle or
trailer as defined in Article 2 of and Annex II to Directive 70/156/EEC,
with the exception of vehicles of category M1.
Article 2
No Member State may refuse to grant EC type-approvalor national
type-approval of a vehicle type, or refuse or prohibit the sale,registration, entry into service or use of a vehicle on grounds relatingto its masses and dimensions if these satisfy the requirements set out inAnnex I hereto.
Article 3
However, a Member State may refuse to grant nationaltype-approvalof
a vehicle type, or refuse or prohibit the sale, registration, entry into
service or use of a vehicle, or consider its certificate of conformity as notvalid within the meaning of Article 7 (1) of Directive 70/156/EEC, orauthorize it only for the carriage of indivisible loads if, having beengranted approvalunder this Directive, it benefits from the derogationprovided for in Article 7 thereof and that derogation conflicts with the
nationalrequirements in force in that Member State.
Article 4
When Member States grant nationaltype-approvalof vehicl es approved
under this Directive or permit the registration, entry into service or useof such vehicles, they assign to them national registration/in-servicemaximum permissible masses according to their relevant nationalmaximum authorized masses. For the determination of these registra-
tion/in-service maximum permissible masses, no Member State may
refuse to apply the procedure provided for in Annex IV, should themanufacturer request its application.
Article 5
By way of derogation from Article 2, Member States may submit
loadable and retractable axles to national technical requirements.However, no Member State may refuse to apply the technical
requirements laid down in section 3 of Annex IV should the
manufacturer request their application.
Article 6
By way of derogation from Article 2 and section 7.3.2.1 of Annex I,
Member States may refuse to grant nationaltype-approvalof, or refuseor prohibit the sale, registration or entry into service or use of buses orcoaches the width of which exceeds 2,50 m until31 December 1999, asprovided by Article 9 of Directive 96/53/EC.
Article 7
By way of derogation from Article 2 and section 7.3 of Annex I, and
without the requirements of section 7.6 of Annex I having to be fulfilled,Member States may approve vehicles with dimensions exceeding thoselaid down in those sections. Details of the derogation shall be includedin the type-approvalcertificate in Annex III to this Directive and theprovisions of Article 3 shall apply.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 4
▼B
Article 8
Directive 70/156/EEC is amended as follows:
(a) Annex I is supplemented as follows:
1. Footnote (j) shall be supplemented as follows: ‘for vehicles other
than those of category M1, Directive 97/27/EC, Annex I, section
2.4.1’.
2. Footnote (k) shall be supplemented as follows: ‘for vehicles other
than those of category M1, Directive 97/27/EC, Annex I, section
2.4.2’.
3. Footnote (l) shall be supplemented as follows: ‘for vehicles other
than those of category M1, Directive 97/27/EC, Annex I, section
2.4.3’.
(b) Item 48 of Annex IV is replaced by the following text:
‘Subject Directive OJ NoApplicability
M1M2M3N1N2N3O1O2O3O4
48 Masses and
dimensions
(other than
vehicles
referred to in
item 44) 97/27/ECL 233
25. 8.
1997 X X X X X X X X X’
Article 9
1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and
administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 22July 1999 at the latest. They shall forthwith inform the Commissionthereof.
When Member States adopt these measures, they shall contain a
reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference onthe occasion of their officialpubl ication. The methods of making such a
reference shall be laid down by the Member States.
2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of
the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the fieldgoverned by this Directive.
Article 10
This Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its
publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities .
Article 11
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 5
▼B
ANNEXI
1. This Directive applies to the masses and dimensions of motor
vehicles of categories M2,M3and N and of trailers of category O,
as defined in Annex II (A) to Directive 70/156/EEC.
2. DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Directive:
2.1. ‘ Motor vehicle ’ means any power-driven vehicle as defined in
Annex II (A) to Directive 70/156/EEC.
2.1.1. Motor vehicles of category N:
2.1.1.1. ‘ Lorry ’ means a motor vehicle of category N1,N2,o rN3which is
designed and constructed exclusively or principally for conveyinggoods. It may also tow a trailer;
2.1.1.2. ‘ Towing vehicle ’ (‘tractor’) means a motor vehicle of category N
1,
N2,o rN3, which is designed and constructed exclusively or
principally to tow trailers;
2.1.1.2.1. ‘ Trailer towing vehicle ’ (‘road tractor’) means a towing vehicle
which is designed and constructed exclusively or principally to tow
trailers other than semi-trailers. It may be equipped with a loading
platform,
2.1.1.2.2. ‘ Semi-trailertowingvehicle ’ (‘semi-trailer tractor’) means a towing
vehicle which is designed and constructed exclusively or
principally to tow semi-trailers,
2.1.1.3. Complete or completed vehicles of category N other than lorries
and towing vehicles are considered to be special purpose vehicles.
2.1.2. Motor vehicles of category M2or M3:
2.1.2.1. ‘ Bus or coach ’ means a vehicle defined in paragraph 1 of Annex I
to Directive …/…/EC.
2.1.2.2. ‘ Class ’ of bus or coach means a vehicle of a Class defined in
paragraphs 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 of Annex I to Directive …/…/EC.
2.1.2.3. ‘ Articulated bus or coach ’ means a vehicle defined in paragraph
2.1.3 of Annex I to Directive …/…/EC.
2.1.2.4. ‘ Double-deck bus or coach ’ means a vehicle defined in paragraph
2.1.6 of Annex I to Directive …/…/EC.
2.1.2.2. Vehicles of category M2or M3other than buses or coaches are
considered to be special purpose vehicles (e.g.: ambulances).
2.2. Vehicles of category O:
2.2.1. ‘ Towed vehicle ’ (‘Trailer’) means a non-self-propelled vehicle
which is designed and constructed to be towed by a motor vehicle.
2.2.2. ‘ Semi-trailer ’ means a towed vehicle which is designed to be
coupled to a semi-trailer towing vehicle or to a dolly axle and to
impose a substantial vertical load on the towing vehicle or on the
dolly axle.
2.2.3. ‘ Drawbartrailer ’ means a towed vehicle with at least two axles, of
which at least one is a steered axle, and:
— equipped with a towing device which can move vertically (in
relation to the trailer),
— which transmits no significant static verticall oad to the towing
vehicle (less than 100 daN).
When a semi-trailer is coupled to a dolly axle it is considered to be
a drawbar trailer.
2.2.4. ‘ Centre-axletrailer ’ means a rigid drawbar trailer where the axle(s)
is (are) positioned close to the centre of gravity of the vehicle
(when uniformly loaded) so that only a small static vertical load,
not exceeding 10 % of that corresponding to the maximum mass of
the trailer or a load of 1 000 daN (whichever is the lesser) is
transmitted to the towing vehicle.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 6
▼M1
▼B
▼B
2.3. ‘ Group of axles ’ means axles being part of a bogie. A two-axle
group is called a tandem and a tri-axle group a tri-axle bogie. By
convention, a solo axle is considered as a group of one axle.
2.4. ‘ Vehicledimensions ’ means the dimensions of the vehicle based on
its construction, as stated by the manufacturer.
2.4.1. ‘ Vehicle length ’ is a dimension which is measured according to
ISO standard 612-1978, term No 6.1.
In addition to the provisions of that standard, when measuring the
vehicle length the following devices must not be taken into
account:
— wiper and washer devices,
— front or rear marking plates,
— customs sealing devices and their protection,— devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection,
— lighting equipment,
— rear-view mirrors,— rear-space watching aids,— air-intake pipes,
— length stops for demountable bodies,
— access steps,— ram rubbers,
— lifting platforms, access ramps and similar equipment in
running order, not exceeding 200 mm, provided that the
loading capacity of the vehicle is not increased,
— coupling devices for motor vehicles.
2.4.2. ‘ Vehiclewidth ’ is a dimension which is measured according to ISO
standard 612-1978, term No 6.2.
In addition to the provisions of that standard, when measuring the
vehicle width the following devices must not be taken into account:
— customs sealing devices and their protection,
— devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection,— tyre failure tell-tale devices,— protruding flexible parts of a spray-suppression system (see
CouncilDirective 91/226/EEC) (
1),
— lighting equipment,— for vehicles of categories M
2and M3, access ramps in running
order, lifting platforms and similar equipment in running order
provided that they do not exceed 10 mm from the side of the
vehicle and the corners of the ramps facing forwards or
rearwards are rounded to a radius of not less than 5 mm; the
edges must be rounded to a radius of not less than 2,5 mm,
— rear-view mirrors,
— tyre-pressure indicators,
— retractable steps,— the deflected part of the tyre walls immediately above the point
of contact with the ground.
2.4.3. ‘ Vehicle height ’ is a dimension which is measured according to
ISO standard 612-1978, term No 6.3.
In addition to the provisions of that standard, when measuring the
vehicle height the following devices must not be taken into
account:
— aerials,
— pantographs in their elevated position.
For vehicles with an axle-lift device, the effect of this device must
be taken into account.
2.4.4. ‘ Length of the loading area ’ of a vehicle other than a semi-trailer
tractor or semi-trailer means the distance from the foremost
externalpoint of the l oading area to the rearmost externalpoint of
the vehicle, measured horizontally in the longitudinal plane of the
vehicle.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 7
(1) OJ No L 103, 23. 4. 1991, p. 5.
▼B
The distance is to be measured not taking into account:
— the loading area forward of the rearmost point of the cabin,
— the devices mentioned in 2.4.1, or— protruding cooling units and other auxiliaries situated forward
of the loading area.
2.5. ‘ Mass of the vehicle in running order ’ means the mass of the
unladen vehicle with bodywork, and with coupling device in the
case of a towing vehicle, in running order, or the mass of the
chassis with cab if the manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/
or coupling device (including coolant, oils, 90 % fuel, 100 % other
liquids except used waters, tools, spare wheel and driver (75 kg),
and, for buses and coaches, the mass of the crew member (75 kg) if
there is a crew seat in the vehicle).
2.6. ‘ Technically permissible maximum laden mass (M) ’ means the
maximum mass of the vehicle based on its construction and
performance, stated by the manufacturer.
The technically permissible maximum laden mass is used to
determine the vehicle category in accordance with Annex II to
Directive 70/156/EEC, except for centre-axle trailers and semi-
trailers where the mass to use is the mass corresponding to the load
exerted on the axles when the vehicle is loaded to its technically
permissible maximum laden mass.
By definition, only one technically permissible maximum laden
mass may be attributed to a given technicalconfiguration of the
vehicle type as defined by one set of the possible values of the
items laid down in the information document in Annex II to this
Directive. This definition — one value only — applies to the
relevant technical requirements of sections 2.7, 2.8, 2.10, 2.11 and
2.12 as appropriate.
2.7. ‘ Technicallypermissiblemaximummassontheaxle(m) ’ means the
mass corresponding to the maximum permissible static vertical
load exerted by the axle on the road surface, based on the
construction of the vehicle and of the axle and as stated by the
vehicle manufacturer.
2.8. ‘ Technically permissible maximum mass on a group of axles (µ) ’
means the mass corresponding to the maximum permissible static
vertical load exerted by the group of axles on the road surface,
based on both the construction of the vehicle and of the group of
axles and as stated by the vehicle manufacturer.
2.9. ‘ Towablemass ’ means either the mass of a drawbar-trailer or semi-
trailer with dolly axle coupled to the motor vehicle, or the mass
corresponding to the load exerted on the axles of a centre-axle
trailer or semi-trailer coupled to the motor vehicle.
2.10. ‘ Technically permissible maximum towable mass (TM) ’ means the
maximum towable mass stated by the manufacturer.
2.11. ‘ Technically permissiblemaximummassonthe couplingpointofa
motor vehicle ’ means the mass corresponding to the maximum
permissible static vertical load on the coupling point based on the
construction of the motor vehicle and/or coupling device and as
stated by the manufacturer. By definition, this mass does not
include the mass of the coupling device for towing vehicles in
running order, but includes the mass of any coupling device to be
fitted for other vehicles.
2.12. ‘ Technically permissiblemaximummassonthe couplingpointofa
semi-trailer or centre-axle trailer ’ means the mass corresponding
to the maximum permissible static vertical load to be transferred by
the trailer to the towing vehicle at the coupling point, as stated by
the manufacturer of the trailer.
2.13. ‘ Technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination
(MC) ’ means the maximum value of the sum of the masses of the
laden motor vehicle and of the laden towed trailer, based on the
construction of the motor vehicle, and as stated by the
manufacturer.
2.14. ‘ Axle-liftdevice ’ means a device permanently fitted to a vehicle for
the purpose of reducing or increasing the load on the axle(s),
according to the loading conditions of the vehicle:
— either by raising the wheels clear off the ground/lowering them
to the ground,1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 8
▼B
— or without raising the wheels off the ground, (e.g. in the case of
air suspension systems, or other systems),
in order to reduce the wear on the tyres when the vehicle is not
fully laden, and/or make starting (moving off) on slippery ground
easier for motor vehicles or vehicle combinations, by increasing the
load on the driving axle.
2.15. ‘ Retractable axle ’ means an axle which can be raised/lowered by
the axle-lift device in accordance with 2.14, first indent.
2.16. ‘ Loadable axle ’ means an axle the load on which can be varied
without the axle being raised by using the axle-lift device in
accordance with 2.14, second indent.
2.17. ‘ Airsuspension ’ means a suspension system on which at least 75 %
of the spring effect is caused by the air spring.
2.18. ‘ Suspensionrecognizedtobeequivalenttoairsuspension ’ means a
suspension system for a vehicle axle or group of axles which
complies with the requirements of 7.11.
2.19. ‘ Vehicle type ’ means vehicles which do not differ in such essential
respects as:
— manufacturer,
— vehicle category as defined in Annex II to Directive 70/156/
EEC,
— essentialaspects of construction and design such as:
— for vehicles of categories M2and M3:
— chassis/self supporting body, single/double deck, rigid/
articulated (obvious and fundamental differences),
— suspension on the driving axle: pneumatic or equivalent/
non-air and non-equivalent,
— number of axles,
— for vehicles of category N:
— chassis/floor pan (obvious and fundamental differ-
ences),
— suspension on the driving axle: air or equivalent/non-air
and non-equivalent,
— number of axles,
— for vehicles of category O:
— chassis/self-supporting body (obvious and fundamental
differences), drawbar trailer/semi-trailer/centre-axle
trailer,
— braking system: unbraked/inertia/continuous,— number of axles.
For the purpose of this section, aspects of construction and design,
such as in particular the wheelbase, axle design, suspension,
steering, tyres and the corresponding modifications of the brake
correcting device for the axles, or the adjunction or suppression of
reduction valves in relation to semi-trailer tractor and lorry
configurations, and equipment related to the chassis (e.g. engine,
fueltanks, transmission, etc.) are not considered to be essential .
3. APPLICATION FOR EC TYPE-APPROVAL
3.1. The application for EC type-approval pursuant to Article 3 of
Directive 70/156/EEC of a vehicle type with regard to its masses
and dimensions is submitted by the vehicle manufacturer.
3.2. It must be accompanied by an information document, for which a
modelis given in Annex II to this Directive.
3.3. A vehicle or vehicles conforming to the characteristics described in
Annex II to this Directive and chosen to the satisfaction of the
technicalservice in charge of the approvaltests or checks as
representative of the type to be approved, must be submitted to that
technicalservice.
4. EC TYPE-APPROVAL
4.1. If the relevant requirements are satisfied, EC type-approval
pursuant to Article 4 (3) of Directive 70/156/EEC is granted.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 9
▼B
4.2. A modelfor the EC type-approvalcertificate is given in Annex III
to this Directive.
4.3. Notice of approvalor of extension or refusalof approvalof a
vehicle type pursuant to this Directive must be communicated to
the Member States in accordance with the procedure laid down in
Article 4 (6) of Directive 70/156/EEC.
4.4. An approvalnumber in accordance with Annex VII to Directive 70/
156/EEC is assigned to each type of vehicle approved. The sameMember State must not assign the same number to another type of
vehicle.
5. AMENDMENTS TO APPROVALS
5.1. In the case of amendments to approvals granted pursuant to this
Directive, the provisions of Article 5 of Directive 70/156/EEC are
applicable.
6. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
6.1. Measures to ensure the conformity of production must be taken in
accordance with the provisions laid down in Article 10 of Directive
70/156/EEC.
7. REQUIREMENTS
7.1. Measurementofthemassofthevehicleinrunningorderandof
its distribution among the axles
The mass of the vehicle in running order and its distribution on the
axles are measured on the vehicles submitted in accordance with
3.3, placed in a stationary position with their wheels set straight
ahead.
If the measured masses differ by no more than 3 % from the masses
stated by the manufacturer for the corresponding technical
configurations within the type, or by no more than 5 % if the
vehicle is of categories N
1,O1,O2,o rM2not exceeding 3,5 t,
themasses in running order and their distribution among the axles
as stated by the manufacturer are used for the purpose of the
requirements below. Otherwise the measured masses must be used
and the technicalservice may then, if necessary, carry out
additionalmeasurements on vehicl es other than those submitted
in accordance with 3.3.
7.2. Measurement of dimensions
Measurement of the overall length, width and height is carried out
in accordance with the provisions of 2.4 on the vehicle(s) in
running order submitted in accordance with 3.3.
If the measured dimensions differ from those stated by the
manufacturer for the corresponding technicalconfigurations within
the type, the measured dimensions are used for the purpose of the
requirements below and the technical service may then, if
necessary, carry out additionalmeasurements on vehicl es other
than those submitted in accordance with 3.3.
7.3. Maximum authorized dimensions for vehicles
7.3.1. Maximum length
7.3.1.1. Motor vehicle: as per section 1.1 of Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC.
7.3.1.2. Trailer (excluding semi-trailer): as per section 1.1 of Annex I to
Directive 96/53/EC.
7.3.1.3. Articulated bus or coach: as per section 1.1 of Annex I to Directive
96/53/EC.
7.3.1.4. Semi-trailer:
The distance referred to in 7.3.1.4.1 is measured without taking
account of the devices mentioned in 2.4.1, and the distance referred
to in 7.3.1.4.2 must be measured with no exemption at all.
7.3.1.4.1. The distance between the axis of the fifth-wheelking-pin and the
rear of a semi-trailer must not exceed the limit laid down in section
1.6 of Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC, measured horizontally in the
longitudinal plane of the vehicle.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 10
▼B
7.3.1.4.2. The distance between the axis of the fifth-wheelking-pin and any
foremost point at the front of the semi-trailer must not exceed
2,04 m as per section 4.4 of Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC,
measured horizontally.
7.3.2. Maximum width
7.3.2.1. Any vehicle: as per section 1.2 of Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC.
7.3.2.2. Fixed or mobile superstructures of the vehicles of categories N and
O specially designed for the controlled temperature transportation
of goods, the thickness of the side walls of which exceeds,including the insulation, 45 mm: as per section 1.2 of Annex I to
Directive 96/53/EC.
7.3.3. Maximum height
7.3.3.1. Any vehicle: as per section 1.3 of Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC.
7.4. Mass distribution calculations
7.4.1. Calculation procedure
7.4.1.1. For the purpose of the mass distribution calculations hereafter laid
down, the manufacturer must provide the technicalservice in
charge of the tests with the information (in tabular or any other
appropriate form) necessary to identify — for each technical
configuration within the vehicle type as defined by each set of the
possible values of all the items in Annex II to this Directive — the
corresponding technically permissible maximum laden mass of the
vehicle, the technically permissible maximum masses on the axles
and groups of axles, the technically permissible maximum towable
mass, and the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the
combination.
7.4.1.2. Suitable calculations must be carried out in order to make sure that
the following requirements are fulfilled for each technical
configuration within the type. For this purpose, the calculations
may be limited to the worst cases.
7.4.1.3. In the following requirements, the notations M, m
i,µj, TM, and MC
respectively designate the following parameters, for which therequirements of 7.4 must be fulfilled:
M = the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the
vehicle,
m
i= the technically permissible maximum mass on the axle
designated ‘i’, where ‘i’ varies from 1 to the totalnumber
of axles of the vehicle,
µj= the technically permissible maximum mass on the solo
axle or group of axles designated ‘j’, where ‘j’ varies from
1 to the total number of solo axles and groups of axles,
TM = the technically permissible maximum towable mass, andMC = the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the
combination.
7.4.1.4. In the case of a solo axle, designated ‘i’ as an axle and ‘j’ as a
group of axles, m
i=µjby definition.
7.4.1.5. In the case of vehicles fitted with loadable axles, the following
calculations must be carried out with the suspension of the axles
loaded in the normal running configuration. In the case of vehicles
fitted with retractable axles, the following calculations are carried
out with the axles lowered.
7.4.1.6. For groups of axles, the manufacturer must indicate the laws of
distribution among the axles of the total mass applied on to the
group (for instance by stating the distribution formulae or
producing distribution graphs).
7.4.1.7. In the case of semi-trailers and centre-axle trailers, and for the
purpose of the following calculations, the coupling point isconsidered as an axle designated ‘O’, and the corresponding
masses m
oand µodefined, by convention, as the technically
permissible maximum mass on the coupling point of the trailer.
7.4.2. Requirements for vehicles of categories N and O, except trailer
caravans
7.4.2.1. The sum of the masses mimust not be less than the mass M.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 11
▼B
7.4.2.2. For each group of axles designated ‘j’, the sum of the masses mion
its axles must not be less than the mass µj. In addition, each of the
masses mimust not be less than the part of µjapplying on the axle
‘i’ as determined by the mass distribution laws for that group of
axles.
7.4.2.3. The sum of the masses µjmust not be less than the mass M.
7.4.2.4. The mass in running order, plus the mass corresponding to 75 kg
multiplied by the number of passengers, plus the technically
permissible maximum mass on the coupling point, must not exceed
the mass M.
7.4.2.5. When the vehicle is laden to its mass M according to any one of the
relevant situations described in 7.4.2.5.1 to 7.4.2.5.3, the mass
corresponding to the load on the axle ‘i’ must not exceed the mass
mion that axle, and the mass corresponding to the load on the solo
axle or group of axles ‘j’ must not exceed the mass µj. Moreover,
the mass corresponding to the load on the driving axle or the sum
of the masses corresponding to the loads on the driving axles mustbe at least 25 % of M.
7.4.2.5.1. Towed vehicles and motor vehicles other than towing vehicles:
7.4.2.5.1.1. Uniform distribution of mass in the case of complete or completed
vehicles with the exception of those referred to in 7.4.2.5.1.2: the
vehicle in running order with a mass of 75 kg positioned on every
passenger seat is laden to its mass M, the payload being uniformly
distributed on the area designed for the transportation of goods.
7.4.2.5.1.2. Extreme distribution of mass (non-uniform load) in the case of
vehicles either incomplete or intended for a special purpose
involving the carriage of only non-uniformly distributed loads: the
manufacturer must state the extreme permissible possible positions
of the centre of gravity of the payload and/or body and/or
equipment or interior fittings (for instance: from 0,50 m to 1,30 m
in front of the first rear axle). The verification must be carried out
in such a way as to cover all the possible positions of this centre of
gravity, the vehicle in running order with a mass of 75 kg
positioned on every passenger seat being laden to its mass M.
7.4.2.5.2. Trailer towing vehicles (road tractors) and lorries also intended to
tow a centre-axle trailer.
7.4.2.5.2.1. The same calculations as per 7.4.2.5.1.1 in the case of complete or
completed vehicles other than special purpose vehicles, or
7.4.2.5.1.2 in the case of incomplete or specialpurpose vehicles,
are carried out in all those of the following possible scenarios
which are relevant:
(a) without any load on the coupling point (except, for road
tractors, that corresponding to the mass of the coupling device
if fitted by the manufacturer, which is included in the mass in
running order in accordance with 2.5);
(b) a load corresponding to the maximum mass of the coupling
device stated by the manufacturer, if he does not fit the
coupling device, being applied on to the coupling point (and
deducted from the payload);
(c) a load corresponding to the technically permissible maximum
mass on the coupling point being applied on to the coupling
point (and deducted from the payload).
7.4.2.5.3. Semi-trailer towing vehicles (semi-trailer tractors).7.4.2.5.3.1. In the case of a complete or completed vehicle: the manufacturer
must state the extreme positions of the axis of the fifth wheel. The
verification must be carried out in such a way as to cover all the
possible positions of the axis of the fifth wheel, the vehicle in
running order with a mass of 75 kg positioned on every passenger
seat being laden to its mass M (with the payload applied to the axis
of the fifth wheel).
7.4.2.5.3.2. In the case of an incomplete vehicle: the same verifications as per
7.4.2.5.3.1 must be carried out on the basis of the extreme
permissible positions of the axis of the fifth wheel as stated by the
manufacturer.
7.4.2.6. When a vehicle of category N is laden to its mass M and its rear
axle (designated ‘n’ as an axle) or rear group of axles (designated
‘q’ as a group of axles) is laden to its mass m
nor µq, the mass1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 12
▼B
bearing on the steering axle or axles must not be less than 20 % of
M.
7.4.2.7. MC must not exceed M + TM.7.4.3. Requirements for buses and coaches
7.4.3.1. The requirements of 7.4.2.1 to 7.4.2.3, and of 7.4.2.7, apply.7.4.3.2. The mass of the vehicle in running order, plus the mass Q defined
in the table in 7.4.3.3.1 multiplied by the total number of
passengers, plus the technically permissible maximum mass on
the coupling point, plus the masses B and BX defined in 7.4.3.3.1
must not exceed the mass M.
7.4.3.3. When the incomplete vehicle is laden to its mass M according to
the situation described in 7.4.2.5.1.2 or when the complete or
completed vehicle in running order is laden as described in
7.4.3.3.1 the mass corresponding to the load on each axle must not
exceed the mass m
ion each axle, and the mass corresponding to the
load on each solo axle or group of axles must not exceed the mass
µjon that group of axles. Moreover, the mass corresponding to the
load on the driving axle or the sum of masses corresponding to the
loads on the driving axles must be a least 25 % of M.
7.4.3.3.1. The vehicle in running order is loaded with a mass Q on each
passenger seat, a number SP, corresponding to the number of
standing passengers, of masses Q uniformly distributed over the
surface available for standing passengers S1, a mass equalto B (kg)
uniformly distributed in the baggage compartments and, where
appropriate, a mass equalto BX (kg) uniforml y distributed over the
surface area of the roof equipped for the carriage of baggage,
where:
S1is the area for standing passengers, as defined in the forthcoming
European Parliament and Council Directive concerning special
provisions for vehicles of categories M2and M3. Pending the
adoption of that Directive, S1is determined as defined in the UN/
ECE Regulations No 36 (doc. E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1, Add 35)
and No 52 (doc. E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev. 1, Add 51).
SP, declared by the manufacturer, must not exceed the value S1/Ssp,
where Sspis the conventionalspace provided for one standing
passenger specified in the table below.
B (kg), declared by the manufacturer, must have a numerical value
not less than 100 × V (V is the total volume of baggage
compartments, in m3.
BX, declared by the manufacturer, must exert a specific load of not
less than 75 kg/m2over the whole surface area of the roof equipped
for the carriage of baggage.
Q and Ssphave the values laid down in the following table:
Vehicle classQ (kg) mass of one
passengerSsp(m2/passenger)
conventionalspace for
one standing
passenger
Classes I and A (**) 68 0,125
Class II 71 (*) 0,15Classes III and B 71 (*) No standing
passenger
(*) Including 3 kg for hand baggage.
(**) If a vehicle of Class II or Class III or Class B is also to be approved as
a Class I or Class A vehicle, the mass of luggage carried in luggage
compartments accessible only from outside the vehicle is not to betaken into account for the purpose of the approvalfor these l atterclasses.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 13
▼B
7.4.3.4. When the vehicle is in running order to laden as specified in
7.4.3.3.1, the mass corresponding to the load on the front axle or
group of axles must not be less than the percentage of M laid down
in the following table:
Loading
conditionsClasses I and A Class II Classes III and B
RigidArtic-
ulatedRigidArtic-
ulatedRigidArticu-
lated
Unladen 20 20 25 20 25 20
Laden 25 20 25 20 25 20
7.4.4. Requirements for vehicles of category M2or M3other than buses
and coaches, and for trailer caravans
The requirements of 7.4.2.1 to 7.4.2.4 and of 7.4.2.7 apply. In
addition, when the incomplete vehicle is laden to its mass M
according to the situation described in 7.4.2.5.1.2, or when the
complete or completed vehicle in running order is laden to its mass
M as described in the Appendix to Annex II to CouncilDirective
92/21/EEC (1), the mass corresponding to the load on each axle
must not exceed the mass mion this axle, and the mass
corresponding to the load on each solo axle or on the group of
axles must not exceed the mass µjon this group of axles. Moreover,
the mass corresponding to the load on the driving axle or the sum
of the masses corresponding to the loads on the driving axles must
be at least 25 % of M.
7.5. Conditionstobeverifiedfortheclassificationofavehicleasan
off-road vehicle (Annex II, section 4 of Directive 70/156/EEC)
7.5.1. The technical service must verify if the complete or completed
vehicle, or the semi-trailer towing vehicle (semi-trailer tractor)
without fifth wheelis to be considered as an off-road vehicl e
according to the requirements laid down in Annex II to Directive
70/156/EEC.
7.5.2. For other incomplete vehicles, this verification is carried out only
at the request of the manufacturer.
7.6. Manoeuvrability
7.6.1. Any motor vehicle and any semi-trailer must be able to manoeuvre
on either side for a complete circular trajectory of 360 º inside an
area defined by two concentric circles, the outer circle having a
radius of 12,50 m and the inner circle having a radius of 5,30 m,
without any of the vehicle's outermost points (with the exception of
the protruding parts prescribed for the vehicle width in 2.4.2)
projecting outside the circumferences of the circles.
For motor vehicles and semi-trailers with axle-lift device (see 2.14)
this requirement also applies with the axle(s) in the lifted position
(within the meaning of 2.14).
The abovementioned requirements must be verified as follows:
7.6.1.1. Motor vehicles
The outermost front point of the motor vehicle must be guided
along the contour of the outer circle (see figure A).
7.6.1.2. Semi-trailers
A semi-trailer is deemed to comply with the requirements of 7.6.1
if its wheelbase is not greater than
ﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃ
12;50/C02;04 ðÞ2/C05;30þL=2 ðÞ2q1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 14
(1) OJ No L 129, 14. 5. 1992, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 95/48/EC (OJ No
L 233, 30. 9. 1995, p. 73).
▼B
where L is the semi-trailer's width, the wheelbase being measured
for the purpose of this section as the distance of the axis of the
semi-trailer fifth wheel king-pin to the centre line of the non-
steering bogie axles; if one or more of the non-steering bogie axles
has an axle lift device (see 2.14), then the wheelbase with lowered/
lifted axle(s), whichever is the longer, is taken into account. In case
of doubt, the approvalauthority can require a test to be carried out
as described at 7.6.1.
7.6.2. Additional requirements for vehicles of categories M2or M3and N
When the vehicle is stationary and has its steered wheels so
directed that if the vehicle moved, its outermost forward point
would describe a circle of 12,50 m radius, a vertical plane
tangentialto the side of the vehicl e which faces outwards from the
circle must be established by marking a line on the ground. In the
case of an articulated vehicle of category M2or M3, the two rigid
portions must be aligned with the plane.
When the vehicle moves forward on either side following the circle
of 12,50 m radius, no part of it may move outside the verticalpl ane
by more than 0,80 m (see figure B) in the case of a rigid vehicle or
by more than 1,20 m (see figure C) in the case of an articulated
vehicle of category M2or M3.
For vehicles with an axle-lift device this requirement also applies
with the axle(s) in the lifted position (within the meaning of 2.14).
For vehicles of category N with retractable axles in the lifted
position, or loadable axles in the unladen condition, the figure of
0,80 m is replaced by 1,00 m.
7.6.3. The requirements of 7.6.1 and 7.6.2 may also be verified, at the
request of the manufacturer, with an appropriate equivalent
calculation or geometric demonstration.
Figure A
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 15
▼B
Figure B
Figure C
7.6.4. In the case of incomplete vehicles, the manufacturer must declare
the maximum premissible dimensions for which the vehicle is to be
checked against the requirements of 7.6.1 and 7.6.2.
7.7. Additional requirements for motor vehicles of categories M2and M3
The technically permissible maximum towable mass must not
exceed 3 500 kg.
7.8. Technically permissible maximum mass on the coupling point
of motor vehicles and mounting instructions for couplings
7.8.1. The technically permissible maximum mass on the coupling point
of a motor vehicle designed to tow a centre-axle trailer and with a
technically permissible maximum towable mass exceeding 3,51997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 16
▼B
tonnes must be at least equal to 10 % of its technically permissible
maximum towable mass or 1 000 kg, whichever is the lesser, plus,
for motor vehicles other than towing vehicles, the mass of the
coupling device if fitted by the manufacturer, or the maximum
permissible mass of the coupling device if not fitted by the
manufacturer.
7.8.2. The technically permissible maximum mass on the coupling point
of a motor vehicle designed to tow a centre-axle trailer and with a
technically permissible maximum towable mass not exceeding 3,5
tonnes must be at least equal to 4 % of its technically permissible
maximum laden mass, or 25 kg, whichever is the lesser, plus, for
motor vehicles other than towing vehicles, the mass of the coupling
device if fitted by the manufacturer, or the maximum permissible
mass of the coupling device if not fitted by the manufacturer.
7.8.3. In the case of a motor vehicle with a technically permissible
maximum laden mass not exceeding 3,5 tonnes, the manufacturer
must specify in the owner's manualthe conditions for the
attachment of the coupling device to the motor vehicle.
Where the case occurs the above conditions must include the
technically permissible maximum mass on the coupling point of the
motor vehicle, the maximum permissible mass of the coupling
device, the mounting points of the coupling device on the motor
vehicle and the maximum permissible overhang of the coupling
device.
7.9. Hill-starting ability
Motor vehicles towing a trailer and laden to their technically
permissible maximum laden mass of the combination, must be
capable of starting five times within five minutes at an up-hill
gradient of at least 12 %.
7.10. Engine power/maximum mass ratio
Motor vehicles must provide an engine power output of at least
5 kW/t of the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the
combination. The engine power is measured according to the
provisions of CouncilDirective 80/1269/EEC (1).
7.11. Conditions relating to the equivalence between certain non-air
suspension and air suspension systems for vehicle driving
axle(s)
7.11.1. At the request of the manufacturer, the technicalservice must
verify the equivalence of a non-air suspension to an air suspension
for driving axle(s).
In order to be recognized as equivalent to air suspension, a non-air
suspension must comply with the following requirements:
7.11.1.1. During free transient low-frequency vertical oscillation of the
sprung mass above a driving axle or group of axles, the measured
frequency and damping with the suspension carrying its maximum
load must fall within the limits defined in 7.11.1.2 to 7.11.1.5.
7.11.1.2. Each axle must be fitted with hydraulic dampers. On groups of
axles, the dampers must be positioned to minimize the oscillation
of the groups of axles.
7.11.1.3. The mean damping ratio Dmmust be more than 20 % of critical
damping for the suspension in its normalcondition with hydraul ic
dampers in place and operating.
7.11.1.4. The damping ratio Drof the suspension with all hydraulic dampers
removed or incapacitated must be not more than 50 % of Dm.
7.11.1.5. The frequency of the sprung mass above the driving axle or group
of axles in a free transient vertical oscillation must not be higher
than 2,0 Hz.
7.11.1.6. The frequency and damping of the suspension are defined in 7.11.2.
The test procedures for measuring the frequency and damping are
laid down in 7.11.3.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 17
(1) OJ No L 375, 31. 12. 1980, p. 46. Directive as last amended by Directive 89/491/EEC
(OJ No L 238, 15. 8. 1989, p. 43).
▼B
7.11.2. Definition of frequency and damping
In this definition a sprung mass M (kg) above a driving axle or
group of axles is considered. The axle or group of axles has a total
verticalstiffness between the road surface and the sprung mass of
K newton/metre (N/m) and a totaldamping coefficient of C newton
second per metre (N.s/m). The verticaldispl acement of the sprung
mass is Z. The equation of motion for free oscillation of the sprung
mass is:
Md2Z
dt2þCdZ
dtþKZ¼O
The frequency of oscillation of the sprung mass F (Hz) is:
F¼1
2πﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃ
K
M/C0C2
4M2r
The damping is criticalwhen C = Co,
where
Co¼2ﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃ
KMp
The damping ratio as a fraction of criticalis C/Co.
During free transient oscillation of the sprung mass the vertical
motion of the mass will follow a damped sinusoidal path (figure 2).
The frequency can be estimated by measuring the time for as many
cycles of oscillation as can be observed. The damping can be
estimated by measuring the heights of successive peaks of the
oscillation in the same direction. If the peak amplitudes of the first
and second cycles of the oscillation are A1 and A2, then the
damping ratio D is
D¼C
Co¼1
2πlnA1
A2
‘ln’ being the natural logarithm of the amplitude ratio.
7.11.3. Test procedure
To establish by test the damping ratio Dm, the damping ratio Drwith hydraulic dampers removed, and the frequency F of the
suspension, the loaded vehicle is either:
(a) driven at low speed (5 km/h ± 1 km/h) over an 80 mm step
with the profile shown in figure 1. The transient oscillation to
be analysed for frequency and damping occurs after the wheels
of the driving axle have left the step; or
(b) pulled down by its chassis so that the driving axle load is 1,5
times its maximum static value. The vehicle held down is
suddenly released and the subsequent oscillation analysed; or
(c) pulled up by its chassis so that the sprung mass is lifted by
80 mm above the driving axle. The vehicle held up is suddenly
dropped and the subsequent oscillation analysed; or
(d) subjected to other procedures insofar as it has been proved by
the manufacturer, to the satisfaction of the technicalservice,
that they are equivalent.
The vehicle must be fitted with a vertical displacement transducer
between driving axle and chassis, directly above the driving axle.
From the trace, the time intervalbetween thefirst and second
compression peaks can be measured to obtain the damping. For
twin driving groups of axles, vertical displacement transducers
must be fitted between each driving axle and the chassis directly
above it.
The tyres must be inflated to the appropriate pressure recom-
mended by the manufacturer for the test mass of the vehicle.
The test for verifying the equivalence of the suspensions is made at
the technically permissible maximum mass on the axle or group of
axles, and the equivalence assumed to cover all the lower masses.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 18
▼B
Figure 1
Step for suspension tests
Figure 2
A damped transient response
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 19
▼B
ANNEXII
INFORMATION DOCUMENT No …
pursuanttoAnnexItoCouncilDirective 70/156/EECrelating totheECtype-approvalofcertain
categories of motor vehicles and their trailers with respect to their masses and dimensions
(European Parliament and Council Directive 97/…/EC)
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 20
▼B
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 21
▼B
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 22
▼B
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 23
▼B
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 24
▼B
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 25
▼B
ANNEXIII
MODEL
maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm)
EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE(vehicle)
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 26
▼B
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 27
▼B
Appendix
to EC type-approval certificate No …
concerning the type-approval of certain categories of motor vehicles and their trailers with regard to
Directive 97/27/EC
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 28
▼B
1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 29
▼B
ANNEXIV
This Annex contains the uniform procedure referred to in Article 4 of this
Directive for the determination of the ‘registration/in-service maximum
permissible masses’ in each Member State and the uniform technical
requirements for loadable and retractable axles referred to in Article 5 of
this Directive:
1.Definitions
The following concepts are applicable in the framework of Article 4 of this
Directive, untilit is amended to incorporate harmonized maximum
authorized masses. For the purpose of this Annex:
1.0. ‘Indivisibleload ’ means a load that cannot, for the purposes of carriage by
road, be divided into two or more loads without undue expense or risk of
damage and which, owing to its mass or dimension, cannot be carried by a
vehicle the masses and dimensions of which comply with the maximum
authorized masses and dimensions in force in a Member State.
1.1. ‘Registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass ’ means the
maximum mass of the laden vehicle at which the vehicle itself can be
registered or put into service in a Member State at the request of the
vehicle manufacturer.
1.1.1. For any technicalconfiguration of the vehicl e type, as defined by one set
of the possible values of the items laid down in the information document
in Annex II to this Directive, a set of intended registration/in-service
maximum permissible laden masses may be given by the vehicle
manufacturer at the time of the approvalunder this Directive so that
they can be verified beforehand according to the requirements of section 2
of this Annex by the approvalauthority.
1.1.2. Each of the Member States' authorities must, for their respective country,
determine the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass of a
given vehicle according to the following principles:
— by definition, only one registration/in-service maximum permissible
laden mass may be attributed to one given technical configuration of
the vehicle type as defined by one set of the possible values of the
items laid down in the information document in Annex II to this
Directive,
— the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass is
determined as the greatest mass inferior or equal to the technically
permissible maximum laden mass and to the relevant vehicle
maximum authorized mass in force in that Member State (or a lower
mass at the request of the manufacturer in agreement with the Member
State's authorities), and which complies with the requirements laid
down in section 2 of this Annex.
This does not preclude the possibility for Member States to allow a higher
mass either for the purpose of carriage of indivisible loads or for the
purposes of certain nationaltransport operations that do not significantl y
affect internationalcompetition in the transport sector, within the l imits of
the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
1.1.3. For the application of the separate directives listed in Annex IV to
Directive 70/156/EEC, Member States may require that the vehicle
complies with the provisions of those directives applicable to the category
which corresponds, according to Annex II to Directive 70/156/EEC, to the
actual value of the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden
mass of the vehicle, and, for centre-axle trailers and semi-trailers, to the
actual value of the mass corresponding to the load on the axles when the
vehicle is loaded to its registration/in-service maximum permissible laden
mass.
1.1.4. Member States may require the registration/in-service maximum permis-
sible laden mass not to depend on the tyres fitted.
1.2. ‘Registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the axle in a
Member State ’ means the maximum laden mass on the axle stated by that
Member State's authorities and at which the vehicle itself is to be
registered or put into service in that Member State at the request of the
vehicle manufacturer.
1.2.1. For any technicalconfiguration of the vehicl e type, as defined by one set
of the possible values of the items laid down in the information document
of Annex II to this Directive, a set of intended registration/in-service
maximum permissible masses on the axles may be given by the vehicle
manufacturer at the time of the approvalunder this Directive so that they1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 30
▼B
can be verified beforehand according to the requirements of section 2 of
this Annex by the approvalauthority.
1.2.2. Each of the Member States' authorities must, for their respective country,
determine the registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the
axle according to the following principles:
— by definition, only one registration/in-service maximum permissible
mass may be attributed to each axle for one given technical
configuration of the vehicle type as defined by one set of the possible
values of the items laid down in the information document of Annex II
to this Directive,
— the registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the axle is
determined as the greatest mass inferior or equal to the technically
permissible maximum mass on the axle and to the relevant maximum
authorized mass on the axle in force in that Member State (or a lower
mass at the request of the manufacturer in agreement with the Member
State's authorities) and which complies with the requirements laid
down in section 2 of this Annex.
This does not preclude the possibility for Member States to allow a higher
mass either for the purpose of carriage of indivisible loads or for the
purposes of certain nationaltransport operations that do not significantl y
affect internationalcompetition in the transport sector, within the l imits of
the technically permissible maximum mass on the axle.
1.2.3. Member States may require the registration/in-service maximum permis-
sible mass on the axle not to depend on the tyres fitted.
1.3. ‘Registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the group of axles
inaMemberState ’ means the maximum laden mass on the group of axles
stated by that Member State's authorities and at which the vehicle itself is
to be registered or put into service in that Member State at the request of
the vehicle manufacturer.
1.3.1. For any technicalconfiguration of the vehicl e type, as defined by one set
of the possible values of the items laid down in the information document
of Annex II to this Directive, a set of intended registration/in-service
maximum permissible masses on the group of axles may be given by the
vehicle manufacturer at the time of the approval under this Directive so
that they can be verified beforehand by the approvalauthority according to
the requirements of section 2 of this Annex.
1.3.2. Each of the Member States' authorities must, for their respective country,
determine the registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the
group of axles according to the following principles:
— by definition, only one registration/in-service maximum permissible
mass may be attributed to each group of axles for one given technical
configuration of the vehicle type as defined by one set of the possible
values of the items laid down in the information document of Annex II
to this Directive,
— the registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the group of
axles is determined as the greatest mass inferior or equal to the
technically permissible maximum mass on the group of axles and to
the relevant maximum authorized mass on the group of axles in force
in that Member State (or a lower mass at the request of the
manufacturer in agreement with the Member State's authorities) and
which complies with the requirements laid down in section 2 of this
Annex.
This does not preclude the possibility for Member States to allow a higher
mass for either the purpose of carriage of indivisible loads or for the
purposes of certain nationaltransport operations that do not significantl y
affect internationalcompetition in the transport sector, within the l imits of
the technically permissible maximum mass on the group of axles.
1.3.3. Member States may require the registration/in-service maximum permis-
sible mass on the group of axles not to depend on the tyres fitted.
1.4. ‘Registration/in-service maximum permissible towable mass in a Member
State’ of a motor vehicle means the maximum mass to be towed by the
motor vehicle, given by that Member State's authorities, and at which the
motor vehicle is to be registered or put into service in the Member State at
the request of the vehicle manufacturer.
1.4.1. For any technicalconfiguration of the vehicl e type, as defined by one set
of the possible values of the items laid down in the information document
of Annex II to this Directive, a set of intended registration/in-service
maximum permissible towable masses may be given by the vehicle
manufacturer at the time of the approvalunder this Directive so that they1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 31
▼B
can be verified beforehand by the approvalauthority according to the
requirements of section 2 of this Annex.
1.4.2. Each of the Member States' authorities must, for their respective country,
determine the registration/in-service maximum permissible towable mass
of a given vehicle according to the following principles:
— by definition, only one registration/in-service maximum permissible
towable mass may be attributed to one given technical configuration of
the vehicle type as defined by one set of the possible values of the
items laid down in the information document of Annex II to this
Directive,
— the registration/in-service maximum permissible towable mass is
determined as the greatest mass inferior or equal to the technically
permissible maximum towable mass and to the relevant maximum
authorized masses in force in that Member State (or a lower mass at the
request of the manufacturer in agreement with the Member State's
authorities) and which complies with the requirements laid down in
section 2 of this Annex.
This does not preclude the possibility for Member States to allow a higher
mass for either the purpose of carriage of indivisible loads or for the
purposes of certain nationaltransport operations that do not significantl y
affect internationalcompetition in the transport sector, within the l imits of
the technically permissible maximum towable mass of the vehicle.
1.5. ‘Registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass of the combina-
tion inaMemberState ’ means the sum of the masses of the laden vehicle
and of its laden trailer at which the motor vehicle is to be registered or put
into service in that Member State at the request of the vehicle
manufacturer.
1.5.1. For any technicalconfiguration of the vehicl e type, as defined by one set
of the possible values of the items laid down in the information document
of Annex II to this Directive, a set of intended registration/in-service
maximum permissible laden masses of the combination may be given by
the vehicle manufacturer at the time of the approval under this Directive so
that they can be verified beforehand by the approvalauthority according to
the requirements of section 2 of this Annex.
1.5.2. Each of the Member States' authorities must, for their respective country,
determine the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass of
the combination of a given vehicle according to the following principles:
— by definition, and in principle, only one registration/in-service
maximum permissible laden mass of the combination may be attributed
to one given technicalconfiguration of the motor vehicl e type as
defined by one set of the possible values of the items laid down in the
information document of Annex II to this Directive. However,
according to the practice in force in the Member State, there may be
distinguished one registration/in-service maximum permissible laden
mass of the combination per totalintended number of axl es of the
combination and this mass may also depend on other characteristics of
the intended combination, such as the intended kind of transport (e.g.
ISO 40-foot containers in combined transport, etc.),
— the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass of the
combination is determined as the greatest mass inferior or equalto the
technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination and
to the relevant maximum authorized masses in force in that MemberState (or a lower mass at the request of the manufacturer in agreement
with the Member State's authorities) and which complies with the
requirements laid down in section 2 of this Annex.
This does not preclude the possibility for Member States to allow a higher
mass either for the purpose of carriage of indivisible loads or for the
purposes of certain nationaltransport operations which do not significantl y
affect internationalcompetition in the transport sector, within the l imits of
the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination.
2.Determination of the registration/in-service maximum permissible
masses
2.1. The provisions of section 7.4 of Annex I to this Directive apply for the
determination by the Member States' authorities of the different
registration/in-service maximum permissible masses. For this purpose,
the notations M, m
i,µj, TM and MC of that paragraph respectively
designate the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass of
the vehicle, the registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the
axle designated ‘i’, on the solo axle or group of axles designated ‘j’, the
registration/in-service maximum permissible towable mass, and the1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 32
▼B
registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass of the combina-
tion.
2.2. Determination of the registration/in-service maximum permissible towable
mass of a motor vehicle:
2.2.1. The registration/in-service maximum permissible towable mass of a motor
vehicle intended to tow a trailer, whether it is a towing vehicle or not, is
the lowest of the following values:
(a) the technically permissible maximum towable mass based on the
construction and performance of the vehicle and/or the strength of the
mechanicalcoupl ing device;
(b) vehicles only intended to tow trailers without service brakes: half of
the mass of the vehicle in running order with a maximum of 0,750 t;
(c) vehicles with a maximum mass not exceeding 3,5 t only intended to
tow trailers with service brakes: the registration/in-service maximum
permissible laden mass of the vehicle, or, for off-road vehicles (see
section 7.5 of Annex I), 1,5 times that mass with a maximum of 3,5 t;
(d) vehicles with a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 t only intended to tow
trailers with inertia (overrun) service brakes: 3,5 t;
(e) vehicles with a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 t intended to tow trailers
with a continuous braking system: 1,5 times the registration/in-service
maximum permissible laden mass of the vehicle;
provided that all the relevant technical provisions of Directive 96/53/
EC are fulfilled.
By way of derogation from the provisions of section 1.4 of this Annex, for
vehicles intended to tow more than one of the kinds of trailers referred to
in subparagraphs (b), (c), (d) and (e) above, up to three different
registration/in-service maximum permissible towable masses may be
defined for each technicalconfiguration of the vehicl e type, according to
the characteristics of the brake connectors of the motor vehicle: one for
trailers without service brakes, one for trailers with inertia brakes, and one
for trailers with a continuous braking system. These masses are determined
as mentioned above, by respectively applying subpagraphs (b), (c), (d) and
(e).
A mass lower than the one so determined may be accepted by the Member
State at the request of the manufacturer.
3.Technical requirements for the installation of retractable or loadable
axles on vehicles (Annex I, sections 2.14 to 2.16)
3.1. Any vehicle may be permitted with one or more retractable or loadable
axles.
3.2. If a vehicle is fitted with one or more retractable or loadable axles (Annex
I, sections 2.14 to 2.16) it must be ensured that under all driving conditions
with the exception of those mentioned in point 3.5 below the registration/
in-service maximum permissible masses on the axles and groups of axles
are not exceeded. To that end, the retractable or loadable axle must lower
to the ground automatically if the nearest axle(s) of the group or the front
axle of the motor vehicle is (are) laden to its (their) registration/in-service
maximum permissible mass(es).
3.3. Yellow control lamp(s) in the cab must indicate to the driver that the
retractable or loadable axle(s) of the motor vehicle or of the trailer are
lifted.
3.4. Every axle-lift device fitted to a vehicle to which this Directive applies, as
well as the systems for its operation, must be designed and installed in
such a manner as to protect them against any improper use or tampering.
3.5. Requirements for the starting (moving off) of motor vehicles on slippery
surfaces.
3.5.1. By way of derogation from provisions of 3.2, and to help motor vehicles or
vehicle combinations move off on slippery ground, and to increase the
traction of the tyres on these surfaces, the axle lift may also actuate the
retractable or loadable axle of a motor vehicle or semi-trailer to increase
the mass on the driving axle of the motor vehicle, subject to the following
conditions:
— the mass corresponding to the load on each axle of the vehicle may
exceed the relevant maximum authorized mass on the axle in force in
the Member State by up to 30 % provided it does not exceed the value
stated by the manufacturer for this specialpurpose,1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 33
▼B
— the mass corresponding to the remaining load on the front axle must
remain above zero (i.e. in case of a rear loadable axle with long rear
overhang, the vehicle must not tip up),
— the retractable or loadable axle must be actuated only by a special
controldevice,
— after the motor vehicle has moved off and reached a speed of 30 km/h,
the axle must automatically lower again to the ground or be reloaded.1997L0027 — EN — 13.02.2002 — 001.001 — 34