1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of16December 1980
ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothefuelconsumptionofmotor
vehicles
(80/1268/EEC)
(OJ L 375, 31.12.1980, p. 36)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►M1Commission Directive 89/491/EEC of 17 July 1989 L 238 43 15.8.1989
▼B
COUNCILDIRECTIVE
of16December 1980
on the approximationof the lawsofthe Member States relating to
thefuelconsumptionofmotorvehicles
(80/1268/EEC)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission(1),
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(2),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social
Committee(3),
Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy
pursuant to certain national laws relate inter alia to the method of
measuring fuel consumption which must be used to indicate the fuel
consumption of a vehicle type;
Whereasthos e requirementsdiffer from one Member State to another;
whereas this results in technical barriers to trade which must be elimi-nated by all Member Statesadopting the s ame requirementseither in
addition to or in place of their existing rules, in order in particular to
allow the EEC type-approval procedure which wasthe s ubject ofCouncil Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approxima-tion of the lawsof the Member Statesrelating to the type-approval ofmotor vehiclesand their trailers (
4), aslas t amended by Directive 80/
1267/EEC(5), to be introduced in respect of each type of vehicle;
Whereas it is of paramount importance to establish a method of
measuring fuel consumption by motor vehicles for inclusion inCommunity requirements;
Whereas a Community method of measuring fuel consumption is also
necessary to ensure, in particular, that customers and users are supplied
with objective and precise information;
Whereasthe requirementsof thisDirective apply only to motor vehi-
cles in international motor vehicle classification category M
1ass et
out in Directive 70/156/EEC; whereasa method of meas uring the fuel
consumption of the other categories of motor vehicles will be estab-lished as soon as certain technical difficulties can be resolved,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Article 1
For the purpose of this Directive, ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle
intended for use on the road, with or without bodywork, having at leastfour wheels and a maximum design speed exceeeding 25 km/h, withthe exception of vehicleswhich run on railsand of agricultural tractorsand machinery.
Article 2
No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type-approval or national
type-approval in respect of a vehicle, or refuse or prohibit the sale,registration, entry into service or use of a vehicle, on grounds relatingto its fuel consumption if the consumption figures have been deter-1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 2
(1) OJ No C 104, 28. 4. 1980, p. 1.
(2) OJ No C 265, 13. 10. 1980, p. 76.
(3) OJ No C 182, 21. 7. 1980, p. 3.
(4) OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1.
(5) See page 34 of thisOfficial Journal.
▼B
mined in accordance with AnnexesI and II and are s et out in a docu-
ment given to the vehicle owner at the time of purchase in a mannerand form decided on by each Member State.
Article 3
Any amendments necessary for adapting the requirements of the
Annexes to take account of technical progress shall be adopted in
accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Directive70/156/EEC.
Article 4
1. Member States shall bring into force the provisions necessary in
order to comply with thisDirective within 18 monthsof itsnotifica-tion. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
2. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions
of national law which they adopt in the field covered by thisDirective
are communicated to the Commission.
Article 5
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 3
▼B
ANNEX I
DETERMINATIONOFFUELCONSUMPTION
1. EEC TYPE-APPROVAL
1.1.ApplicationforEECtype-approval
1.1.1. The application for EEC type-approval for a vehicle type in respect of
the fuel consumption of the engine is submitted by the vehicle manu-
facturer or hisauthorized repres entative
1.1.2. It must be accompanied by three copies of the document mentioned
below and of the following:
1.1.2.1. Information sheet duly completed;
1.1.2.2. Information necessary to prepare the document provided for in Annex
II.
1.1.3. If the technical service responsible for the type-approval tests carries
out the tests itself, a vehicle representative of the vehicle type to be
approved must be provided.
1.2.Documents
Where an application within the meaning of 1.1 isaccepted, the
competent authority must prepare the document, the model for which
iscontained in Annex II. In order to draw up thisdocument, the
competent authority of the Member State conducting the EEC type-
approval tests may use the report prepared by an approved or recog-
nized laboratory in accordance with the provisions of this Directive.
2. SCOPE
Thismethod appliesto category M1vehiclesequipped with internal
combustion engines.
3. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
3.1. Fuel consumption is determined by the following tests:
3.1.1. Cycle simulating urban driving, as described in Annex III to Council
Directive 70/220/EEC of 20 March 1970 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air
pollution by gases from positive-ignition engines of motor vehicles(1)
►M1 ◄(see section 5);
3.1.2. Constant speed test at 90 km/h (see section 6);
3.1.3. Constant speed test at 120 km/h (see section 6). This test is not
performed if the vehicle's maximum design speed is less than
130 km/h.
3.2. The results of the tests must be expressed in l/100 km rounded off to
the nearest 0·1.
3.3. Distances must be measured to within an accuracy of 0·5 % and times
to within an accuracy of 0·2 s.
3.4.Testfuel
The fuel used must be either the reference fuel specified in Annex VI
to Directive 70/220/EEC or that specified in Annex V to Council
Directive 72/306/EEC, of 2 August 1972 on the approximation of
the lawsof the Member Statesrelating to the meas uresto be taken
against the emission of pollutants from diesel for use in vehicles(2),
asappropriate.1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 4
(1) OJ No L 76, 6. 4. 1970, p. 1.
(2) OJ No L 190, 20. 8. 1972, p. 1.
▼B
4. TEST CONDITIONS
4.1.Generalconditionofthevehicle
4.1.1. The vehicle must be clean and the windows and air intakes closed,
with only the equipment necessary for the functioning of the vehicle
during the test being in operation. If there is a manually controlled
device on the carburettor inlet for air heating, it must be in the
‘summer’ position. In general, the auxiliary equipment required for
the normal running of the vehicle must be in operation.
4.1.2. If the radiator fan istemperature controlled, it mus t be operating asit
would normally on the vehicle. The passenger compartment heating
system must not be operating, nor must the air conditioning system,
although its compressor must be operating normally.
4.1.3. If a pressure charging device is fitted, it must be operating as it would
normally for the test speed.
4.1.4. The vehicle must have been run in and have covered at least 3 000 km
before the test.
4.2.Lubricants
All lubricants must be those recommended by the manufacturer of the
vehicle and must be indicated in the test report.
4.3.Tyres
The tyres must be of one of the types specified as original equipment
by the vehicle manufacturer, inflated to the pressure recommended for
the test load and speeds (adjusted, where necessary, for test-bed
operation under test conditions). The pressures used must be indicated
in the test report.
4.4.Measurementoffuelconsumption
4.4.1. The fuel must be supplied to the engine through a device capable of
measuring the quantity consumed to within ± 2 %; this device must
not interfere with normal supply. If the system of measurement is
volumetric, the temperature of the fuel must be measured at the
volume measuring point.
4.4.2. There must be a valve system to permit rapid change-over from the
general fuel supply system to the measuring system. This change-
over must not take longer than 0·2 s.
4.5.Reference conditions
Pressure: Ho= 1 000 mbar
Temperature: To= 293 K (20 ºC)
4.5.1. Air density
4.5.1.1. The air density when the vehicle is tested, calculated as described in
4.5.1.2 below, must not differ by more than 7·5 % from the air
density under the reference conditions.
4.5.1.2. The air density is calculated using the formula:
dT¼do/C1HT
Ho/C1To
TT, where
dT= air density under test conditions;
do= air density under reference conditions;
HT= pressure during the test;
TT= absolute temperature during the test (K).
5. MEASUREMENT OF FUEL CONSUMPTION OVER A CYCLE
SIMULATING URBAN DRIVING
5.1. The test cycle is as described in Annex III to Directive 70/220/EEC5.1.1. In the case of diesel-powered vehicles the load adjustment is deter-
mined for the corresponding petrol-driven model or by an alternative
method recognized asequivalent1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 5
▼B
5.1.2. Reference mass of the vehicle
The mass of the vehicle is the reference mass, as defined in section
1.2 of Annex I to Directive 70/220/EEC
5.2. The dynamometer is set to the equivalent inertia, as stipulated in
section 4.2 of Annex III to Directive 70/220/EEC.
5.3.Measurementofconsumption
5.3.1. Consumption is calculated on the basis of the quantity of fuel
consumed during two consecutive cycles.
5.3.2. Before the measurements are made, the engine must be warmed up
from cold by the completion of five full test cycles. The measure-
mentsmay als o be carried out immediately following the type I and
type II tests described in Directive 70/220/EEC. The temperature is
kept within the normal operating range for that engine, if necessary
by using the auxiliary cooling device.
5.3.3. The idling period between two consecutive cycles may be extended
by not more than 60 s to facilitate fuel consumption measurement.
5.4.Calculationoffuelconsumption
5.4.1. If the fuel consumption is measured gravimetrically, the consumption
is expressed (in litres/100 km) by converting the measurement M
(fuel consumed expressed in kilograms) using the following formula:
C¼100 M
D:Sg(l/100 km)
where:
Sg = density of the fuel under the reference conditions (kg/dm3);
D = distance covered during the test (km).
5.4.2. If the fuel consumption is measured volumetrically, the consumption
is expressed (in litres/100 km) by the following formula:
C¼V1þαTo/C0TF ðÞ ðÞ
D100 (l/100 km)
where:
V = volume in litresof fuel cons umed;
α= coefficient of volumetric expansion for the fuel. For both
diesel and petrol fuel, this is 0·001 per ºC;
To= reference temperature expressed in ºC;
TF= fuel temperature in ºC measured at the volume measuring
point.
5.5.Expressionofresults
5.5.1. The standard consumption in urban driving is the arithmetic mean of
three consecutive measurements carried out in accordance with the
procedure described above.
5.5.2. If the extreme measurements differ by more than 5 % from the mean,
further tests must be carried out in accordance with this procedure
until a degree of accuracy of at least 5 % is obtained.
5.5.3. The accuracy of measurement is calculated using the formula:
Accuracy ¼k/C1Sﬃﬃﬃnp/C1100
/C22CC%
where:
/C22CC isderived from the formula in 5.4;
/C22CC isthe arithmetic mean of n valuesof C;
n isthe number of meas urementstaken;
S¼ﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃ
Xn
i¼1/C22CC/C0Ci ðÞ2
n/C01vuuut
k isgiven by the following table:1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 6
▼B
Number of
measurements456789 1 0
k 3·2 2·8 2·6 2·5 2·4 2·3 2·3
5.5.4. If at least 5 % accuracy has not been attained after 10 measurements,
the consumption is determined by using another vehicle of the same
type.
6. MEASUREMENT OF FUEL CONSUMPTION AT CONSTANT
SPEED
6.1. These tests may be carried out either on a dynamometer or on the
road.
6.1.1. Mass of the vehicle
6.1.1.1. The mass of the vehicle is the mass in running order, as defined in
6.1.1.2, plus180 kg, or plushalf the full load if that figure exceeds
180 kg, including measuring equipment and occupants. The suspen-
sion height of the vehicle is that obtained when the centre of gravity
of the load isin the middle of the s traight line joining the R pointsof
the front (side) seats.
6.1.1.2. For the purposes of this Directive, ‘mass of the vehicle in running
order’ meansitstotal unladen mas swith all tanksexcept the fuel
tank full, the fuel tank being filled to 90 % of the capacity specified
by the manufacturer, and with a set of tools and the spare wheel on
board.
6.2.Gearbox
If the vehicle isfitted with a manual gear change, the gear ratio us ed
isthe highes t recommended by the manufacturer for driving at each
of the test speeds.
6.3.Testprocedure
6.3.1. Road test
6.3.1.1. Weather conditions
6.3.1.1.1. The relative humidity must be less than 95 %; the road must be dry;
the road surface may, however, bear traces of moisture, provided that
there isno appreciable film of water at any one place.
6.3.1.1.2. The average wind speed must be less than 3 m/s and gusts less than
8 m/s.
6.3.1.2. Before the measurements are taken, the vehicle must travel on the
chosen circuit, at a speed close to the test speed, a sufficient distance
for the running temperature to be reached; in no case, however, must
this distance be less than 10 km.
6.3.1.3. Test run
The test run must be such as to allow a steady speed to be maintained
and must be at least 2 km in length. It must form a closed circuit and
the surface must be in good condition. A straight road may be used
provided that a run of 2 km ismade in both directions . The gradient
must not exceed 2 % between any two points.
6.3.1.4. During each test run, the speed must be kept steady to within ± 2 km/
h. The average speed for each test must not differ from the reference
speed by more than 2 km/h.
6.3.1.5. To determine the consumption at each reference speed (see graph
below), four tests are performed; two at an average speed less than
the reference speed and two at an average speed exceeding the refer-
ence speed.
6.3.1.6. The fuel consumption for each test run is calculated from the
formulae in 5.4.
6.3.1.7. The difference between the two lower calculated valuesmus t not
exceed 5 % of their average value, this same condition applying also
to the two higher calculated values. The value of the fuel consump-
tion at the appropriate reference speed is calculated by linear
interpolation ass hown on the graph below.1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 7
▼B
6.3.1.7.1. If the conditionsin 6.3.1.7 are not achieved for either pair of calcu-
lated values, the four test runs must be repeated. If after ten attempts
the required consistency has not been achieved, another vehicle must
be selected and subjected to all the tests specified in this procedure.
Example: Calculation for an average speed of 90 km/h.
The four crosses correspond to the calculated values for each test run.
Cois the value calculated for the consumption at the reference speed
Voover the test distance.
6.3.2. Dynamometer test
6.3.2.1. Dynamometer setting
The dynamometer must be set as described in section 4.1 of Annex III
to Directive 70/220/EEC with the following amendments:
— the dynamometer must be set for the appropriate test speed;
— the condition of the vehicle during the test runs must be as speci-
fied in sections 4.1 to 4.3, and the weather conditions during the
road test must be as specified in 6.3.1.1 to enable the correct inlet
manifold depression setting to be determined.
In the case of diesel-powered vehicles, the dynamometer must be set
ass pecified in 5.1.1.
6.3.2.2. Cooling
Additional air-cooling devicesmay be us ed to keep the operating
conditionsand the temperature of the lubricantsand coolant within
the range normally obtained at the same speed on the road.
6.3.2.3. Before any measurements are taken, the vehicle must cover, at a
speed close to the test speed, a sufficient distance on the dynam-
ometer for the running temperaturesto be reached; thisdis tance
must in no case be less than 10 km.
6.3.2.4. The test distance must not be less than 2 km, as measured by a revo-
lution counter on the dynamometer.
6.4. The type of dynamometer used must be indicated in the test report.
6.5.Expressionofresults
Whatever the method of measurement used, the results must be
expressed in litres/100 km under the reference conditions specified
in 4.5.
7. EXTENSION OF EEC TYPE APPROVAL
7.1.Vehicletypesmodifiedtorunonunleadedpetrol
7.1.1. Subject to the approval of the authority granting type approval,
approval of a vehicle type modified and/or adjusted solely for the
purpose of making it capable of running on unleaded petrol, as speci-
fied in Directive 85/210/EEC, shall be extended under the following
alternative conditions:1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 8
▼M1
▼M1
7.1.1.1. The manufacturer shall certify that the fuel consumption for each test
condition doesnot exceed by more than 5 % the figure obtained with
the original, unmodified, type approved vehicle. In thiscas e the
extension shall confirm the figures the original type approval, or.
7.1.1.2. The manufacturer shall declare a revised fuel consumption figure for
any of the three test conditions which exceeds by more than 5 % the
figure obtained with the original, unmodified, type approved vehicle.
In this case the extension shall specify the newly declared figures as
applicable to the modified vehicle type.
7.2.Vehicletypesmodifiedforanyotherpurpose
7.2.1. Approval of a vehicle type may be extended to vehicle typesdiffering
with regard to the characteristics listed in Annex II if the authority
granting type approval considers that the modifications made are not
likely to have any substantial adverse effect on the fuel consumption
of the vehicle.1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 9
▼B
ANNEX II
1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 10
▼B
1980L1268 — EN — 25.07.1989 — 001.001 — 11