2004R0874 — EN — 11.10.2005 — 001.001

This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents

►B COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration (Text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p.40)

Amended by:









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COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 874/2004

of 28 April 2004

laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration

(Text with EEA relevance)







THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain ( 1 ), and in particular Article 5(1) thereof, Having consulted the Registry in accordance with Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, Whereas: (1) The initial implementation stages of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD), to be created pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, have been completed by designating a legal entity, established within the Community to administer and manage the .eu TLD Registry function. The Registry, designated by Commission Decision 2003/375/EC ( 2 ), is required to be a non-profit organisation that should operate and provide services on a cost covering basis and at an affordable price. (2) Requesting a domain name should be possible through electronic means in a simple, speedy and efficient procedure, in all official languages of the Community, through accredited registrars. (3) Accreditation of registrars should be carried out by the Registry following a procedure that ensures fair and open competition between Registrars. The accreditation process should be objective, transparent and non-discriminatory. Only parties who meet certain basic technical requirements to be determined by the Registry should be eligible for accreditation. (4) Registrars should only accept applications for the registration of domain names filed after their accreditation and should forward them in the chronological order in which they were received. (5) To ensure better protection of consumers' rights, and without prejudice to any Community rules concerning jurisdiction and applicable law, the applicable law in disputes between registrars and registrants on matters concerning Community titles should be the law of one of the Member States. (6) Registrars should require accurate contact information from their clients, such as full name, address of domicile, telephone number and electronic mail, as well as information concerning a natural or legal person responsible for the technical operation of the domain name. (7) The Registry policy should promote the use of all the official languages of the Community. (8) Pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, Member States may request that their official name and the name under which they are commonly known should not be registered directly under .eu TLD otherwise than by their national government. Countries that are expected to join the European Union later than May 2004 should be enabled to block their official names and the names under which they are commonly known, so that they can be registered at a later date. (9) A Member State should be authorised to designate an operator that will register as a domain name its official name and the name under which it is commonly known. Similarly, the Commission should be authorised to select domain names for use by the institutions of the Community, and to designate the operator of those domain names. The Registry should be empowered to reserve a number of specified domain names for its operational functions. (10) In accordance with Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, a number of Member States have notified to the Commission and to other Member States a limited list of broadly-recognised names with regard to geographical and/or geopolitical concepts which affect their political or territorial organisation. Such lists include names that could either not be registered or which could be registered only under the second level domain in accordance with the public policy rules. The names included in these lists are not subject to the first-come first-served principle. (11) The principle of first-come-first-served should be the basic principle for resolving a dispute between holders of prior rights during the phased registration. After the termination of the phased registration the principle of first come first served should apply in the allocation of domain names. (12) In order to safeguard prior rights recognised by Community or national law, a procedure for phased registration should be put in place. Phased registration should take place in two phases, with the aim of ensuring that holders of prior rights have appropriate opportunities to register the names on which they hold prior rights. The Registry should ensure that validation of the rights is performed by appointed validation agents. On the basis of evidence provided by the applicants, validation agents should assess the right which is claimed for a particular name. Allocation of that name should then take place on a first-come, first-served basis if there are two or more applicants for a domain name, each having a prior right. (13) The Registry should enter into an appropriate escrow agreement to ensure continuity of service, and in particular to ensure that in the event of re-delegation or other unforeseen circumstances it is possible to continue to provide services to the local Internet community with minimum disruption. The Registry should also comply with the relevant data protection rules, principles, guidelines and best practices, notably concerning the amount and type of data displayed in the WHOIS database. Domain names considered by a Member State court to be defamatory, racist or contrary to public policy should be blocked and eventually revoked once the court decision becomes final. Such domain names should be blocked from future registrations. (14) In the event of the death or insolvency of a domain name holder, if no transfer has been initiated at the expiry of the registration period, the domain name should be suspended for 40 calendar days. If the heirs or administrators concerned have not registered the name during that period it should become available for general registration. (15) Domain names should be open to revocation by the Registry on a limited number of specified grounds, after giving the domain name holder concerned an opportunity to take appropriate measures. Domain names should also be capable of revocation through an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure. (16) The Registry should provide for an ADR procedure which takes into account the international best practices in this area and in particular the relevant World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) recommendations, to ensure that speculative and abusive registrations are avoided as far as possible. (17) The Registry should select service providers that have appropriate expertise on the basis of objective, transparent and non-discriminatory criteria. ADR should respect a minimum of uniform procedural rules, similar to the ones set out in the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy adopted by the Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). (18) In view of the impending enlargement of the Union it is imperative that the system of public policy rules set up by this Regulation enter into force without delay. (19) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 3 ), Whereas: HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:







CHAPTER I

SUBJECT MATTER

Article 1

Subject matter

This Regulation sets out the public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD) and the public policy principles on registration referred to in Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002.







CHAPTER II

PRINCIPLES ON REGISTRATION

Article 2

Eligibility and general principles for registration

An eligible party, as listed in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, may register one or more domain names under .eu TLD.

Without prejudice to Chapter IV, a specific domain name shall be allocated for use to the eligible party whose request has been received first by the Registry in the technically correct manner and in accordance with this Regulation. For the purposes of this Regulation, this criterion of first receipt shall be referred to as the ‘first-come-first-served’ principle.

Once a domain name is registered it shall become unavailable for further registration until the registration expires without renewal, or until the domain name is revoked.

Unless otherwise specified in this Regulation, domain names shall be registered directly under the .eu TLD.

Domain name registration shall be valid only after the appropriate fee has been paid by the requesting party.

Domain names registered under the .eu TLD shall only be transferable to parties that are eligible for registration of .eu domain names.

Article 3

Requests for domain name registration

The request for domain name registration shall include all of the following:

(a) the name and address of the requesting party;

(b) a confirmation by electronic means from the requesting party that it satisfies the general eligibility criteria set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002;

(c) an affirmation by electronic means from the requesting party that to its knowledge the request for domain name registration is made in good faith and does not infringe any rights of a third party;

(d) an undertaking by electronic means from the requesting party that it shall abide by all the terms and conditions for registration, including the policy on the extra-judicial settlement of conflicts set out in Chapter VI.

Any material inaccuracy in the elements set out in points (a) to (d) shall constitute a breach of the terms of registration.

Any verification by the Registry of the validity of registration applications shall take place subsequently to the registration at the initiative of the Registry or pursuant to a dispute for the registration of the domain name in question, except for applications filed in the course of the phased registration procedure under Articles 10, 12, and 14.

Article 4

Accreditation of registrars

Only registrars accredited by the Registry shall be permitted to offer registration services for names under the .eu TLD.

The procedure for the accreditation of registrars shall be determined by the Registry and shall be reasonable, transparent and non-discriminatory, and shall ensure effective and fair conditions of competition.

Registrars are required to access and use the Registry's automated registration systems. The Registry may set further basic technical requirements for the accreditation of registrars.

The Registry may ask registrars for advance payment of registration fees, to be set annually by the Registry based on a reasonable market estimate.

The procedure, terms of accreditation of registrars and the list of accredited registrars shall be made publicly available by the Registry in readily accessible form.

Each registrar shall be bound by contract with the Registry to observe the terms of accreditation and in particular to comply with the public policy principles set out in this Regulation.

Article 5

Provisions for registrars

Without prejudice to any rule governing jurisdiction and applicable law, agreements between the Registrar and the registrant of a domain name cannot designate, as applicable law, a law other than the law of one of the Member States, nor can they designate a dispute-resolution body, unless selected by the Registry pursuant to Article 23, nor an arbitration court or a court located outside the Community.

A registrar who receives more than one registration request for the same name shall forward those requests to the Registry in the chronological order in which they were received.

Only applications received after the date of accreditation shall be forwarded to the Registry.

Registrars shall require all applicants to submit accurate and reliable contact details of at least one natural or legal person responsible for the technical operation of the domain name that is requested.

Registrars may develop label, authentication and trustmark schemes in order to promote consumer confidence in the reliability of information that is available under a domain name that is registered by them, in accordance with applicable national and Community law.







CHAPTER III

LANGUAGES AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTS

Article 6

Languages

Registrations of .eu domain names shall start only after the Registry has informed the Commission that the filing of applications for the registration of .eu domain names and communications of decisions concerning registration is possible in all official languages of the Community, hereinafter referred to as ‘official languages’.

For any communication by the Registry that affects the rights of a party in conjunction with a registration, such as the grant, transfer, cancellation or revocation of a domain, the Registry shall ensure that these communications are possible in all official languages.

The Registry shall perform the registration of domain names in all the alphabetic characters of the official languages when adequate international standards become available.

The Registry shall not be required to perform functions using languages other than the official languages.

Article 7

Procedure for reserved geographical and geopolitical names

For the procedure of raising objections to the lists of broadly recognised names in accordance with the third subparagraph of Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, objections shall be notified to the members of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC and to the Director-General of the Commission's Directorate-General Information Society. The members of the Communications Committee and the Director-General may designate other contact points for these notifications.

Objections and designations of contact points shall be notified in the form of electronic mail, delivery by courier or in person, or by postal delivery effected by way of registered letter and acknowledgement of receipt.

Upon the resolution of any objections, the Registry shall publish on its web site two lists of names. The one list shall contain the list of names that the Commission shall have notified as ‘not registrable’. The other list shall contain the list of names that the Commission shall have notified to the Registry as ‘registrable only under a second level domain’.

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Article 8

Reservation of names by countries and alpha-2 codes representing countries

1. The list of names set out in the Annex to this Regulation shall only be reserved or registered as second level domain names directly under the .eu TLD by the countries indicated in the list.

2. Alpha-2 codes representing countries shall not be registered as second level domain names directly under the .eu TLD.

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Article 9

Second level domain name for geographical and geopolitical names

Registration of geographical and geopolitical concepts as domain names in accordance with Article 5(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 may be provided for by a Member State that has notified the names. This may be done under any domain name that has been registered by that Member State.

The Commission may ask the Registry to introduce domain names directly under the .eu TLD for use by the Community institutions and bodies. After the entry into force of this Regulation and not later than a week before the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV, the Commission shall notify the Registry of the names that are to be reserved and the bodies that represent the Community institutions and bodies in registering the names.







CHAPTER IV

PHASED REGISTRATION

Article 10

Eligible parties and the names they can register

1. Holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or Community law and public bodies shall be eligible to apply to register domain names during a period of phased registration before general registration of. eu domain starts.

‘Prior rights’ shall be understood to include, inter alia, registered national and community trademarks, geographical indications or designations of origin, and, in as far as they are protected under national law in the Member-State where they are held: unregistered trademarks, trade names, business identifiers, company names, family names, and distinctive titles of protected literary and artistic works.

‘Public bodies’ shall include: institutions and bodies of the Community, national and local governments, governmental bodies, authorities, organisations and bodies governed by public law, and international and intergovernmental organisations.

2. The registration on the basis of a prior right shall consist of the registration of the complete name for which the prior right exists, as written in the documentation which proves that such a right exists.

3. The registration by a public body may consist of the complete name of the public body or the acronym that is generally used. Public bodies that are responsible for governing a particular geographic territory may also register the complete name of the territory for which they are responsible, and the name under which the territory is commonly known.

Article 11

Special characters

As far as the registration of complete names is concerned, where such names comprise a space between the textual or word elements, identicality shall be deemed to exist between such complete names and the same names written with a hyphen between the word elements or combined in one word in the domain name applied for.

Where the name for which prior rights are claimed contains special characters, spaces, or punctuations, these shall be eliminated entirely from the corresponding domain name, replaced with hyphens, or, if possible, rewritten.

Special character and punctuations as referred to in the second paragraph shall include the following:

~ @ # $ % ‸ & * ( ) + = <> { } [ ] | \ /: ; ' , . ?

Without prejudice to the third paragraph of Article 6, if the prior right name contains letters which have additional elements that cannot be reproduced in ASCII code, such as ä, é or ñ, the letters concerned shall be reproduced without these elements (such as a, e, n), or shall be replaced by conventionally accepted spellings (such as ae). In all other respects, the domain name shall be identical to the textual or word elements of the prior right name.

Article 12

Principles for phased registration

Phased registration shall not start before the requirement of the first paragraph of Article 6 is fulfilled.

◄

The Registry shall publish the date on which phased registration shall start at least two months in advance and shall inform all accredited Registrars accordingly.

The Registry shall publish on its website two months before the beginning of the phased registration a detailed description of all the technical and administrative measures that it shall use to ensure a proper, fair and technically sound administration of the phased registration period.

2. The duration of the phased registration period shall be four months. General registration of domain names shall not start prior to the completion of the phased registration period.

Phased registration shall be comprised of two parts of two months each.

During the first part of phased registration, only registered national and Community trademarks, geographical indications, and the names and acronyms referred to in Article 10(3), may be applied for as domain names by holders or licensees of prior rights and by the public bodies mentioned in Article 10(1).

During the second part of phased registration, the names that can be registered in the first part as well as names based on all other prior rights can be applied for as domain names by holders of prior rights on those names.

3. The request to register a domain name based on a prior right under Article 10(1) and (2) shall include a reference to the legal basis in national or Community law for the right to the name, as well as other relevant information, such as trademark registration number, information concerning publication in an official journal or government gazette, registration information at professional or business associations and chambers of commerce.

4. The Registry may make the requests for domain name registration subject to payment of additional fees, provided that these serve merely to cover the costs generated by the application of this Chapter. The Registry may charge differential fees depending upon the complexity of the process required to validate prior rights.

5. At the end of the phased registration an independent audit shall be performed at the expense of the Registry and shall report its findings to the Commission. The auditor shall be appointed by the Registry after consulting the Commission. The purpose of the audit shall be to confirm the fair, appropriate and sound operational and technical administration of the phased registration period by the Registry.

6. To resolve a dispute over a domain name the rules provided in Chapter VI shall apply.

Article 13

Selection of validation agents

Validation agents shall be legal persons established within the territory of the Community. Validation agents shall be reputable bodies with appropriate expertise. The Registry shall select the validation agents in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner, ensuring the widest possible geographical diversity. The Registry shall require the validation agent to execute the validation in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner.

Member States shall provide for validation concerning the names mentioned in Article 10(3). To that end, the Member States shall send to the Commission within two months following entry into force of this Regulation, a clear indication of the addresses to which documentary evidence is to be sent for verification. The Commission shall notify the Registry of these addresses.

The Registry shall publish information about the validation agents at its website.

Article 14

Validation and registration of applications received during phased registration

All claims for prior rights under Article 10(1) and (2) must be verifiable by documentary evidence which demonstrates the right under the law by virtue of which it exists.

The Registry, upon receipt of the application, shall block the domain name in question until validation has taken place or until the deadline passes for receipt of documentation. If the Registry receives more than one claim for the same domain during the phased registration period, applications shall be dealt with in strict chronological order.

The Registry shall make available a database containing information about the domain names applied for under the procedure for phased registration, the applicants, the Registrar that submitted the application, the deadline for submission of validation documents, and subsequent claims on the names.

Every applicant shall submit documentary evidence that shows that he or she is the holder of the prior right claimed on the name in question. The documentary evidence shall be submitted to a validation agent indicated by the Registry. The applicant shall submit the evidence in such a way that it shall be received by the validation agent within forty days from the submission of the application for the domain name. If the documentary evidence has not been received by this deadline, the application for the domain name shall be rejected.

Validation agents shall time-stamp documentary evidence upon receipt.

Validation agents shall examine applications for any particular domain name in the order in which the application was received at the Registry.

The relevant validation agent shall examine whether the applicant that is first in line to be assessed for a domain name and that has submitted the documentary evidence before the deadline has prior rights on the name. If the documentary evidence has not been received in time or if the validation agent finds that the documentary evidence does not substantiate a prior right, he shall notify the Registry of this.

If the validation agent finds that prior rights exist regarding the application for a particular domain name that is first in line, he shall notify the Registry accordingly.

This examination of each claim in chronological order of receipt shall be followed until a claim is found for which prior rights on the name in question are confirmed by a validation agent.

The Registry shall register the domain name, on the first come first served basis, if it finds that the applicant has demonstrated a prior right in accordance with the procedure set out in the second, third and fourth paragraphs.







CHAPTER V

RESERVATIONS, WHOIS DATA AND IMPROPER REGISTRATIONS

Article 15

Escrow agreement

1. The Registry shall, at its own expense, enter into an agreement with a reputable trustee or other escrow agent established within the territory of the Community designating the Commission as the beneficiary of the escrow agreement. The Commission shall give its consent to that agreement before it is concluded. The Registry shall submit to the escrow agent on a daily basis an electronic copy of the current content of the .eu database.

2. The agreement shall provide that the data shall be held by the escrow agent on the following terms and conditions:

(a) the data shall be received and held in escrow, undergoing no procedure other than verification that it is complete, consistent, and in proper format, until it is released to the Commission;

(b) the data shall be released from escrow upon expiration without renewal or upon termination of the contract between the Registry and the Commission for any of the reasons described therein and irrespectively of any disputes or litigation between the Commission and the Registry;

(c) in the event that the escrow is released, the Commission shall have the exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free right to exercise or to have exercised all rights necessary to re-designate the Registry;

(d) if the contract with the Registry is terminated the Commission, with the cooperation of the Registry, shall take all necessary steps to transfer the administrative and operational responsibility for the .eu TLD and any reserve funds to such party as the Commission may designate: in that event, the Registry shall make all efforts to avoid disruption of the service and shall in particular continue to update the information that is subject to the escrow until the time of completion of the transfer.

Article 16

WHOIS database

The purpose of the WHOIS database shall be to provide reasonably accurate and up to date information about the technical and administrative points of contact administering the domain names under the .eu TLD.

The WHOIS database shall contain information about the holder of a domain name that is relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose of the database. In as far as the information is not strictly necessary in relation to the purpose of the database, and if the domain name holder is a natural person, the information that is to be made publicly available shall be subject to the unambiguous consent of the domain name holder. The deliberate submission of inaccurate information, shall constitute grounds for considering the domain name registration to have been in breach of the terms of registration.

Article 17

Names reserved by the Registry

The following names shall be reserved for the operational functions of the Registry:

eurid.eu, registry.eu, nic.eu, dns.eu, internic.eu, whois.eu, das.eu, coc.eu, eurethix.eu, eurethics.eu, euthics.eu

Article 18

Improper registrations

Where a domain name is considered by a Court of a Member State to be defamatory, racist or contrary to public policy, it shall be blocked by the Registry upon notification of a Court decision and shall be revoked upon notification of a final court decision. The Registry shall block from future registration those names which have been subject to such a court order for as long as such order remains valid.

Article 19

Death and winding up

1. If the domain name holder dies during the registration period of the domain name, the executors of his or her estate, or his or her legal heirs, may request transfer of the name to the heirs along with submission of the appropriate documentation. If, on expiry of the registration period, no transfer has been initiated, the domain name shall be suspended for a period of 40 calendar days and shall be published on the Registry's website. During this period the executors or the legal heirs may apply to register the name along with submission of the appropriate documentation. If the heirs have not registered the name during that 40-day period, the domain name shall thereafter become available for general registration.

2. If the domain name holder is an undertaking, a legal or natural person, or an organisation that becomes subject to insolvency proceedings, winding up, cessation of trading, winding up by court order or any similar proceeding provided for by national law, during the registration period of the domain name, then the legally appointed administrator of the domain name holder may request transfer to the purchaser of the domain name holders assets along with submission of the appropriate documentation. If, on expiry of the registration period, no transfer has been initiated, the domain name shall be suspended for a period of forty calendar days and shall be published on the registry's website. During this period the administrator may apply to register the name along with submission of appropriate documentation. If the administrator has not registered the name during that 40-day period, the domain name shall thereafter become available for general registration.







CHAPTER VI

REVOCATION AND SETTLEMENT OF CONFLICTS

Article 20

Revocation of domain names

The Registry may revoke a domain name at its own initiative and without submitting the dispute to any extrajudicial settlement of conflicts, exclusively on the following grounds:

(a) outstanding unpaid debts owed to the Registry;

(b) holder's non-fulfilment of the general eligibility criteria pursuant to Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) 733/2002;

(c) holder's breach of the terms of registration under Article 3.

The Registry shall lay down a procedure in accordance with which it may revoke domain names on these grounds. This procedure shall include a notice to the domain name holder and shall afford him an opportunity to take appropriate measures.

Revocation of a domain name, and where necessary its subsequent transfer, may also be effected in accordance with a decision issued by an extrajudicial settlement body.

Article 21

Speculative and abusive registrations

1. A registered domain name shall be subject to revocation, using an appropriate extra-judicial or judicial procedure, where that name is identical or confusingly similar to a name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law, such as the rights mentioned in Article 10(1), and where it:

(a) has been registered by its holder without rights or legitimate interest in the name; or

(b) has been registered or is being used in bad faith.

2. A legitimate interest within the meaning of point (a) of paragraph 1 may be demonstrated where:

(a) prior to any notice of an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure, the holder of a domain name has used the domain name or a name corresponding to the domain name in connection with the offering of goods or services or has made demonstrable preparation to do so;

(b) the holder of a domain name, being an undertaking, organisation or natural person, has been commonly known by the domain name, even in the absence of a right recognised or established by national and/or Community law;

(c) the holder of a domain name is making a legitimate and non-commercial or fair use of the domain name, without intent to mislead consumers or harm the reputation of a name on which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law.

3. Bad faith, within the meaning of point (b) of paragraph 1 may be demonstrated, where:

(a) circumstances indicate that the domain name was registered or acquired primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise transferring the domain name to the holder of a name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or to a public body; or

(b) the domain name has been registered in order to prevent the holder of such a name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law, or a public body, from reflecting this name in a corresponding domain name, provided that: (i) a pattern of such conduct by the registrant can be demonstrated; or (ii) the domain name has not been used in a relevant way for at least two years from the date of registration; or (iii) in circumstances where, at the time the ADR procedure was initiated, the holder of a domain name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or the holder of a domain name of a public body has declared his/its intention to use the domain name in a relevant way but fails to do so within six months of the day on which the ADR procedure was initiated;

(c) the domain name was registered primarily for the purpose of disrupting the professional activities of a competitor; or

(d) the domain name was intentionally used to attract Internet users, for commercial gain, to the holder of a domain name website or other on-line location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with a name on which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or a name of a public body, such likelihood arising as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation or endorsement of the website or location or of a product or service on the website or location of the holder of a domain name; or

(e) the domain name registered is a personal name for which no demonstrable link exists between the domain name holder and the domain name registered.

4. The provisions in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 may not be invoked so as to obstruct claims under national law.

Article 22

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure

1. An ADR procedure may be initiated by any party where:

(a) the registration is speculative or abusive within the meaning of Article 21; or

(b) a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with this Regulation or with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002.

2. Participation in the ADR procedure shall be compulsory for the holder of a domain name and the Registry.

3. A fee for the ADR shall be paid by the complainant.

4. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, or specified otherwise in the registration agreement between registrar and domain name holder, the language of the administrative proceeding shall be the language of that agreement. This rule shall be subject to the authority of the panel to determine otherwise, having regard to the circumstances of the case.

5. The complaints and the responses to those complaints must be submitted to an ADR provider chosen by the complainant from the list referred to in the first paragraph of Article 23. That submission shall be made in accordance with this Regulation and the published supplementary procedures of the ADR provider.

6. As soon as a request for ADR is properly filed with the ADR provider and the appropriate fee is paid, the ADR provider shall inform the Registry of the identity of the complainant and the domain name involved. The Registry shall suspend the domain name involved from cancellation or transfer until the dispute resolution proceedings or subsequent legal proceedings are complete and the decision has been notified to the Registry.

7. The ADR provider shall examine the complaint for compliance with its rules of procedure, with the provisions of this Regulation and with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, and, unless non-compliance is established, shall forward the complaint to the respondent within five working days following receipt of the fees to be paid by the complainant.

8. Within 30 working days of the date of receipt of the complaint the respondent shall submit a response to the provider.

9. Any written communication to a complainant or respondent shall be made by the preferred means stated by the complainant or respondent, respectively, or in the absence of such specification electronically via the Internet, provided that a record of transmission is available.

All communications concerning the ADR procedure to the holder of a domain name that is subject to an ADR procedure shall be sent to the address information that is available to the Registrar that maintains the registration of the domain name in accordance with the terms and conditions of registration.

10. Failure of any of the parties involved in an ADR procedure to respond within the given deadlines or appear to a panel hearing may be considered as grounds to accept the claims of the counterparty.

11. In the case of a procedure against a domain name holder, the ADR panel shall decide that the domain name shall be revoked, if it finds that the registration is speculative or abusive as defined in Article 21. The domain name shall be transferred to the complainant if the complainant applies for this domain name and satisfies the general eligibility criteria set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002.

In the case of a procedure against the Registry, the ADR panel shall decide whether a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with this Regulation or with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002. The ADR panel shall decide that the decision shall be annulled and may decide in appropriate cases that the domain name in question shall be transferred, revoked or attributed, provided that, where necessary, the general eligibility criteria set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 are fulfilled.

The decision of the ADR panel shall state the date for implementation of the decision.

Decisions of the panel are taken by simple majority. The alternative dispute panel shall issue its decision within one month from the date of receipt of the response by the ADR provider. The decision shall be duly motivated. The decisions of the panel shall be published.

12. Within three working days after receiving the decision from the panel, the provider shall notify the full text of the decision to each party, the concerned registrar(s) and the Registry. The decision shall be notified to the Registry and the complainant by registered post or other equivalent electronic means.

13. The results of ADR shall be binding on the parties and the Registry unless court proceedings are initiated within 30 calendar days of the notification of the result of the ADR procedure to the parties.

Article 23

Selection of providers and panellists for alternative dispute resolution

1. The Registry may select ADR providers, who shall be reputable bodies with appropriate expertise in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. A list of the ADR providers shall be published on the Registry's website.

2. A dispute which is submitted to the ADR procedure shall be examined by arbitrators appointed to a panel of one or three members.

The panellists shall be selected in accordance to the internal procedures of the selected ADR providers. They shall have appropriate expertise and shall be selected in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. Each provider shall maintain a publicly available list of panellists and their qualifications.

A panellist shall be impartial and independent and shall have, before accepting appointment, disclosed to the provider any circumstances giving rise to justifiable doubt as to their impartiality or independence. If, at any stage during the administrative proceedings, new circumstances arise that could give rise to justifiable doubt as to the impartiality or independence of the panellist, that panellist shall promptly disclose such circumstances to the provider.

In such event, the provider shall appoint a substitute panellist.







CHAPTER VII

FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 24

Entry into force

This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

▼M1









ANNEX

1. List of names per country and the countries that can register them

AUSTRIA

1. österreich

2. oesterreich

3. republik-österreich

4. republik-oesterreich

5. afstria

6. dimokratia-afstria

7. østrig

8. republikken-østrig

9. oestrig

10. austria

11. republic-austria

12. república-austria

13. autriche

14. république-autriche

15. oostenrijk

16. republiek-oostenrijk

17. república-austria

18. itävalta

19. itävallan-tasavalta

20. itaevalta

21. österrike

22. oesterrike

23. republik-österrike

24. rakousko

25. republika-rakousko

26. repubblica-austria

27. austrija

28. republika-austrija

29. respublika-austrija

30. ausztria

31. Osztrák-Köztársaság

32. Republika-Austriacka

33. rakúsko

34. republika-rakúsko

35. avstrija

36. republika-avstrija

37. awstrija

38. republika-awstrija

39. republikösterreich

40. republikoesterreich

41. dimokratiaafstria

42. republikkenøstrig

43. republicaustria

44. repúblicaaustria

45. républiqueautriche

46. repubblicaaustria

47. republiekoostenrijk

48. repúblicaaustria

49. tasavaltaitävalta

50. republikösterrike

51. republikarakousko

52. republikaaustrija

53. respublikaaustrija

54. OsztrákKöztársaság

55. RepublikaAustriacka

56. republikarakúsko

57. republikaavstrija

58. republikaawstrija

59. aostria

60. vabariik-aostria

61. vabariikaostria

BELGIUM

1. belgie

2. belgië

3. belgique

4. belgien

5. belgium

6. bélgica

7. belgica

8. belgio

9. belgia

10. belgija

11. vlaanderen

12. wallonie

13. wallonië

14. brussel

15. vlaamse-gemeenschap

16. franse-gemeenschap

17. duitstalige-gemeenschap

18. vlaams-gewest

19. waals-gewest

20. brussels-hoofdstedelijk-gewest

21. flandre

22. bruxelles

23. communauté-flamande

24. communaute-flamande

25. communauté-française

26. communaute-francaise

27. communaute-germanophone

28. communauté-germanophone

29. région-flamande

30. region-flamande

31. région-wallonne

32. region-wallonne

33. région-de-bruxelles-capitale

34. region-de-bruxelles-capitale

35. flandern

36. wallonien

37. bruessel

38. brüssel

39. flaemische-gemeinschaft

40. flämische-gemeinschaft

41. franzoesische-gemeinschaft

42. französische-gemeinschaft

43. deutschsprachige-gemeinschaft

44. flaemische-region

45. flämische-region

46. wallonische-region

47. region-bruessel-hauptstadt

48. region-brüssel-hauptstadt

49. flanders

50. wallonia

51. brussels

52. flemish-community

53. french-community

54. german-speaking-community

55. flemish-region

56. walloon-region

57. brussels-capital-region

58. flandes

59. valonia

60. bruselas

61. comunidad-flamenca

62. comunidad-francesa

63. comunidad-germanófona

64. comunidad-germanofona

65. region-flamenca

66. región-flamenca

67. region-valona

68. región-valona

69. region-de-bruselas-capital

70. región-de-bruselas-capital

71. fiandre

72. vallonia

73. communita-fiamminga

74. communità-fiamminga

75. communita-francese

76. communità-francese

77. communita-di-lingua-tedesca

78. communità-di-lingua-tedesca

79. regione-fiamminga

80. regione-vallona

81. regione-di-bruxelles-capitale

82. flandres

83. bruxelas

84. comunidade-flamenga

85. comunidade-francofona

86. comunidade-germanofona

87. regiao-flamenga

88. região-flamenga

89. regiao-vala

90. região-vala

91. regiao-de-bruxelas-capital

92. região-de-bruxelas-capital

93. vallonien

94. bryssel

95. flamlaendskt-spraakomraade

96. fransktalande-spraakomraade

97. tysktalande-spraakomraade

98. flamlaendska-regionen

99. vallonska-regionen

100. bryssel-huvustad

101. det-flamske-sprogsamfund

102. det-franske-sprogsamfund

103. det-tysktalende-sprogsamfund

104. den-flamske-region

105. den-vallonske-region

106. regionen-bruxelles-hovedstadsomraadet

107. flanderi

108. flaaminkielinen-yhteiso

109. ranskankielinen-yhteiso

110. saksankielinen-yhteiso

111. flanderin-alue

112. vallonian-alue

113. brysselin-alue

114. flandry

115. valonsko

116. brusel

117. vlamske-spolecenstvi

118. francouzske-spolecenstvi

119. germanofonni-spolecenstvi

120. vlamsky-region

121. valonsky-region

122. region-brusel

123. flandrija

124. valonija

125. bruselj

126. flamska-skupnost

127. frankofonska-skupnost

128. germanofonska-skupnost

129. flamska-regija

130. valonska-regija

131. regija-bruselj

CYPRUS

1. cypern

2. cyprus

3. cyprus

4. kypros

5. chypre

6. zypern

7. κυπρος

8. cipro

9. chipre

10. chipre

11. cypern

12. anchipír

13. kypr

14. küpros

15. ciprus

16. kipras

17. kipra

18. ćipru

19. cypr

20. ciper

21. cyprus

22. kibris

23. republikkencypern

24. republiekcyprus

25. republicofcyprus

26. kyproksentasavalta

27. republiquedechypre

28. republikzypern

29. κυπριακηδημοκρατια

30. repubblicadicipro

31. republicadechipre

32. republicadechipre

33. cypernsrepublik

34. poblachtnacipíre

35. kyperskarepublika

36. küprosevabariik

37. ciprusiköztàrsasàg

38. kiprorespublika

39. kiprasrepublika

40. republikata’ćipru

41. republikacypryjska

42. republikaciper

43. cyperskarepublika

44. kibriscumhuriyeti

CZECH REPUBLIC

1. ceska-republika

2. den-tjekkiske-republik

3. tschechische-republik

4. tsehhi-vabariik

5. τσεχικη-δημοκρατια

6. czech-republic

7. repulica-checa

8. republique-tcheque

9. repubblica-ceca

10. cehijas-republika

11. cekijos-respublika

12. cseh-koztarsasag

13. repubblica-ceka

14. tsjechische-republiek

15. republika-czeska

16. republica-checa

17. ceska-republika

18. ceska-republika

19. tsekin-tasavalta

20. tjeckiska-republiken

21. ceskarepublika

22. dentjekkiskerepublik

23. tschechischerepublik

24. tsehhivabariik

25. τσεχικηδημοκρατια

26. czechrepublic

27. repulicacheca

28. republiquetcheque

29. repubblicaceca

30. cehijasrepublika

31. cekijosrespublika

32. csehkoztarsasag

33. repubblicaceka

34. tsjechischerepubliek

35. republikaczeska

36. republicacheca

37. ceskarepublika

38. ceskarepublika

39. tsekintasavalta

40. tjeckiskarepubliken

41. czech

42. cesko

43. tjekkiet

44. tschechien

45. tsehhi

46. τσεχια

47. czechia

48. chequia

49. tchequie

50. cechia

51. cehija

52. cekija

53. csehorszag

54. tsjechie

55. czechy

56. chequia

57. ceska

58. tsekinmaa

59. tjeckien

60. cechy

61. česka-republika

62. tsehhi-vabariik

63. republica-checa

64. republique-tcheque

65. čehijas-republika

66. cseh-köztarsasag

67. republica-checa

68. česka-republika

69. českarepublika

70. tsehhivabariik

71. republicacheca

72. republiquetcheque

73. čehijasrepublika

74. csehköztarsasag

75. republicacheca

76. českarepublika

77. česko

78. tsjechië

79. tsehhi

80. chequia

81. tchequie

82. čehija

83. csehorszag

84. česka

85. čechy

DENMARK

1. danemark

2. denemarken

3. danmark

4. denmark

5. tanska

6. δανία

7. danimarca

8. dinamarca

9. dänemark

10. dánsko

11. taani

12. danija

13. dānija

14. id-danimarka

15. dania

16. danska

17. dánia

ESTONIA

1. eesti

2. estija

3. estland

4. estonia

5. estónia

6. estonie

7. estonija

8. estonja

9. εσθονία

10. igaunija

11. viro

FINLAND

1. suomi

2. finland

3. finska

4. finskó

5. finlândia

6. finlandia

7. finlandja

8. finnország

9. suomija

10. somija

11. finlande

12. φινλανδία

13. soomi

14. finnland

15. finsko

FRANCE

1. francia

2. francie

3. frankrig

4. frankreich

5. prantsusmaa

6. γαλλια

7. gallia

8. france

9. france

10. francia

11. francija

12. prancūzija

13. prancuzija

14. franciaország

15. franciaorszag

16. franza

17. frankrijk

18. francja

19. frança

20. francúzsko

21. francuzsko

22. francija

23. ranska

24. frankrike

25. französischerepublik

26. französische-republik

27. französische_republik

28. franzosischerepublik

29. franzosische-republik

30. franzosische_republik

31. franzoesischerepublik

32. franzoesische-republik

33. franzoesische_republik

34. frenchrepublic

35. french-republic

36. french_republic

37. republiquefrançaise

38. republique-française

39. republique_française

40. républiquefrançaise

41. république-française

42. république_française

43. republiquefrancaise

44. republique-francaise

45. republique_francaise

46. républiquefrancaise

47. république-francaise

48. république_francaise

49. alsace

50. auvergne

51. aquitaine

52. basse-normandie

53. bassenormandie

54. bourgogne

55. bretagne

56. centre

57. champagne-ardenne

58. champagneardenne

59. corse

60. franche-comte

61. franche-comté

62. franchecomte

63. franchecomté

64. haute-normandie

65. hautenormandie

66. ile-de-France

67. île-de-France

68. iledeFrance

69. îledeFrance

70. languedoc-roussillon

71. languedocroussillon

72. limousin

73. lorraine

74. midi-pyrenees

75. midi-pyrénées

76. midipyrenees

77. midipyrénées

78. nord-pas-de-calais

79. nordpasdecalais

80. paysdelaloire

81. pays-de-la-loire

82. picardie

83. poitou-charentes

84. poitoucharentes

85. provence-alpes-cote-d-azur

86. provence-alpes-côte-d-azur

87. provencealpescotedazur

88. provencealpescôtedazur

89. rhone-alpes

90. rhône-alpes

91. rhonealpes

92. rhônealpes

93. guadeloupe

94. guyane

95. martinique

96. reunion

97. réunion

98. mayotte

99. saint-pierre-et-miquelon

100. saintpierreetmiquelon

101. polynesie-française

102. polynésie-française

103. polynesie-francaise

104. polynésie-francaise

105. polynesiefrançaise

106. polynésiefrançaise

107. polynesiefrancaise

108. polynésiefrancaise

109. nouvelle-caledonie

110. nouvelle-calédonie

111. nouvellecaledonie

112. nouvellecalédonie

113. wallis-et-futuna

114. wallisetfutuna

115. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises

116. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises

117. terresaustralesetantarctiquesfrançaises

118. terresaustralesetantarctique-françaises

119. saint-barthélémy

120. saintbarthélémy

121. saint-barthelemy

122. saintbarthelemy

123. saint-martin

124. saintmartin

GERMANY

1. deutschland

2. federalrepublicofgermany

3. bundesrepublik-deutschland

4. bundesrepublikdeutschland

5. allemagne

6. republiquefederaled'allemagne

7. alemanna

8. repúblicafederaldealemania

9. germania

10. repubblicafederaledigermania

11. germany

12. federalrepublicofgermany

13. tyskland

14. forbundsrepublikkentyskland

15. duitsland

16. bondsrepubliekduitsland

17. nemecko

18. spolkovárepublikanemecko

19. alemanha

20. republicafederaldaalemanha

21. niemczech

22. republikafederalnaniemiec

23. németország

24. németországiszövetségiköztársaság

25. vokietijos

26. vokietijosfederacinerespublika

27. vacija

28. vacijasfederativarepublika

29. däitschland

30. bundesrepublikdäitschland

31. germanja

32. repubblikafederalitagermanja

33. gearmaine

34. poblachtchnaidhmenagearmaine

35. saksamaa

36. saksamaaliitvabariik

37. nemcija

38. zweznarepublikanemcija

39. γερμανία

40. saksa

41. saksanliittotasavalta

42. Baden-Württemberg

43. Bavaria

44. Bayern

45. Berlin

46. Brandenburg

47. Bremen

48. Hamburg

49. Hessen

50. Lower-Saxony

51. Mecklenburg-Western-Pomerania

52. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

53. niedersachsen

54. nordrhein-Westfalen

55. northrhine-Westphalia

56. Rheinland-Pfalz

57. Rhineland-Palatinate

58. Saarland

59. Sachsen

60. Sachsen-Anhalt

61. Saxony

62. Saxony-Anhalt

63. Schleswig-Holstein

64. Thüringen

65. Thuringia

66. Baden-Wuerttemberg

67. bade-wurtemberg

68. le-bade-wurtemberg

69. Baden-Wurttemberg

70. BadenWürttemberg

71. BadenWuerttemberg

72. badewurtemberg

73. lebadewurtemberg

74. BadenWurttemberg

75. Baviera

76. Bavière

77. Freistaat-Bayern

78. FreistaatBayern

79. Free-State-of-Bavaria

80. Stato-Libero-di-Baviera

81. Etat-Libre-Bavière

82. Brandebourg

83. Brandeburgo

84. Brandenburgii

85. freieundhansestadthamburg

86. freie-und-hansestadt-hamburg

87. freiehansestadthamburg

88. freie-hansestadt-hamburg

89. hansestadt-hamburg

90. hansestadthamburg

91. stadthamburg

92. stadt-hamburg

93. hamburg-stadt

94. hamburg

95. landhamburg

96. land-hamburg

97. hamburku

98. hampuriin

99. hamborg

100. hamburgo

101. hambourg

102. amburgo

103. hamburgu

104. hanbao

105. hamburuku

106. hamburk

107. hesse

108. hassia

109. nordrheinwestfalen

110. northrhinewestphalia

111. northrhine-westfalia

112. northrhinewestfalia

113. rhenanie-du-nord-westphalie

114. rhenaniedunordwestphalie

115. lasaxe

116. sachsen

117. sajonia

118. sajónia

119. saksen

120. saksimaa

121. saksio

122. saksonia

123. saksonijos

124. saška

125. saska

126. sasko

127. sassonia

128. saxe

129. saxonia

130. saxónia

131. szászország

132. szaszorszag

133. Σαξωνία

134. саксония

135. freistaat-sachsen

136. sorben

137. serbja

138. Sorben-Wenden

139. Wenden

140. lausitzer-sorben

141. domowina

GREECE

1. Grecia

2. Graekenland

3. Griechenland

4. Hellas

5. Greece

6. Grece

7. Grecia

8. Griekenland

9. Grecia

10. Kreikka

11. Grekland

12. Recko

13. Kreeka

14. Graecia

15. Graikija

16. Gorogorszag

17. Grecja

18. Grecja

19. Grecko

20. Grcija

HUNGARY

1. magyarkoztarsasag

2. republicofhungary

3. republiquedehongrie

4. republikungarn

5. republicadehungria

6. repubblicadiungheria

7. republicadahungria

8. ungerskarepubliken

9. unkarintasavalta

10. denungarskerepublik

11. derepublikhongarije

12. republikawegierska

13. ungarivabariik

14. ungarijasrepublika

15. vengrijosrespublika

16. magyarorszag

17. hungary

18. hongrie

19. ungarn

20. hungria

21. ungheria

22. ungern

23. unkari

24. hongarije

25. wegry

26. madarsko

27. ungari

28. ungarija

29. vengrija

30. magyarköztársaság

31. magyarország

32. madarskarepublika

33. republikamadzarska

34. madzarsko

35. ουγγαρια

36. ουγρικιδεμοκρατια

37. nyugatdunántúl

38. középdunántúl

39. déldunántúl

40. középmagyarország

41. északmagyarország

42. északalföld

43. délalföld

44. nyugatdunantul

45. kozepdunantul

46. deldunantul

47. kozepmagyarorszag

48. eszakmagyarorszag

49. eszakalfold

50. delalfold

IRELAND

1. irlanda

2. irsko

3. irland

4. iirimaa

5. ireland

6. irlande

7. irlanda

8. Īrija

9. Airija

10. Írország

11. L-Irlanda

12. iρλανδία

13. ierland

14. irlandia

15. Írsko

16. irska

17. irlanti

18. irland

19. .irlande

20. Ιρλανδία

21. irlande

22. republicofireland

23. eire

ITALY

1. Repubblica-Italiana

2. RepubblicaItaliana

3. Italia

4. Italy

5. Italian

6. Italien

7. Italija

8. Itália

9. Italië

10. Italien

11. Itálie

12. Italie

13. Olaszország

14. Itālija

15. Włochy

16. Ιταλία

17. Italja

18. Taliansko

19. Itaalia

20. Abruzzo

21. Basilicata

22. Calabria

23. Campania

24. Emilia-Romagna

25. Friuli-VeneziaGiulia

26. Lazio

27. Liguria

28. Lombardia

29. Marche

30. Molise

31. Piemonte

32. Puglia

33. Sardegna

34. Sicilia

35. Toscana

36. Trentino-AltoAdige

37. Umbria

38. Valled'Aosta

39. Veneto

LATVIA

1. Λετονία

2. Lettorszag

3. Latvja

4. Letland

5. Lotwa

6. Letonia

7. Lotyssko

8. Latvija

9. Lettland

10. Latvia

11. Lotyssko

12. Letland

13. Lettland

14. Lati

15. Letonia

16. Lettonie

17. Lettonia

18. Republicoflatvia

19. Latvijskajarespublika

LITHUANIA

1. lietuva

2. leedu

3. liettua

4. litauen

5. lithouania

6. lithuania

7. litouwen

8. lituania

9. lituanie

10. litva

11. litván

12. litvania

13. litvanya

14. litwa

15. litwanja

16. liettuan

17. litevská

18. lietuvas

19. litwy

20. litovska

21. aukstaitija

22. zemaitija

23. dzukija

24. suvalkija

25. suduva

26. lietuvos-respublika

27. lietuvos_respublika

28. lietuvosrespublika

29. republic-of-lithuania

30. republic_of_lithuania

31. republiclithuania

32. republicoflithuania

33. republique-de-lituanie

34. republique_de_lituanie

35. republiquelituanie

36. republiquedelituanie

37. republica-de-lituania

38. republica_de_lituania

39. republicalituania

40. republicadelituania

41. litovskajarespublika

42. litovskaja-respublika

43. litovskaja_respublika

44. litauensrepublik

45. litauens-republik

46. litauens_republic

47. republiklitauen

48. republik-litauen

49. republic_litauen

50. δημοκρατιατησλιθουανιας

51. δημοκρατια-της-λιθουανιας

52. δημοκρατια_της_λιθουανιας

53. δημοκρατίατηςΛιθουανίας

54. δημοκρατία-της-Λιθουανίας

55. δημοκρατία_της_Λιθουανίας

56. repubblicadilituania

57. repubblica-di-lituania

58. repubblica_di_lituania

59. republieklitouwen

60. republiek-litouwen

61. republiek_litouwen

62. republicadalituania

63. republica-da-lituania

64. republica_da_lituania

65. liettuantasavalta

66. liettuan-tasavalta

67. liettuan_tasavalta

68. republikenLitauen

69. republiken-litauen

70. republiken_litauen

71. litevskárepublika

72. litevská-republika

73. litevská_republika

74. leeduvabariik

75. leedu-vabariik

76. leedu_vabariik

77. lietuvasrepublika

78. lietuvas-republika

79. lietuvas_republika

80. litvánköztársaság

81. litván-köztársaság

82. litván_köztársaság

83. repubblikatallitwanja

84. repubblika-tal-litwanja

85. repubblika_tal_litwanja

86. republikalitwy

87. republika-litwy

88. republika_litwy

89. litovskarepublika

90. litovska-republika

91. litovska_republika

92. republikalitva

93. republika-litva

94. republika_litva

LUXEMBOURG

1. luxembourg

2. luxemburg

3. letzebuerg

MALTA

1. malta

2. malte

3. melita

4. republicofmalta

5. republic-of-malta

6. therepublicofmalta

7. the-republic-of-malta

8. repubblikatamalta

9. repubblika-ta-malta

10. maltarepublic

11. maltarepubblika

12. gozo

13. ghawdex

NETHERLANDS

1. nederland

2. holland

3. thenetherlands

4. netherlands

5. lespaysbas

6. hollande

7. dieniederlande

8. lospaisesbajos

9. holanda

POLAND

1. rzeczpospolitapolska

2. rzeczpospolita_polska

3. rzeczpospolita-polska

4. polska

5. polonia

6. lenkija

7. poland

8. polen

9. pologne

10. polsko

11. poola

12. puola

PORTUGAL

1. republicaportuguesa

2. portugal

3. portugália

4. portugalia

5. portugali

6. portugalska

7. portugalsko

8. portogallo

9. portugalija

10. portekiz

11. πορτογαλία

12. portugāle

13. aveiro

14. beja

15. braga

16. bragança

17. castelobranco

18. coimbra

19. evora

20. faro

21. guarda

22. leiria

23. lisboa

24. portalegre

25. porto

26. santarem

27. setubal

28. vianadocastelo

29. viseu

30. vilareal

31. madeira

32. açores

33. alentejo

34. algarve

35. altoalentejo

36. baixoalentejo

37. beiraalta

38. beirabaixa

39. beirainterior

40. beiralitoral

41. beiratransmontana

42. douro

43. dourolitoral

44. entredouroeminho

45. estremadura

46. minho

47. ribatejo

48. tras-os-montes-e-alto-douro

49. acores

SLOVAKIA

1. slowakische-republik

2. republique-slovaque

3. slovakiki-dimokratia

4. slovenska-republika

5. slovakiske-republik

6. slovaki-vabariik

7. slovakian-tasavalta

8. slovakikidimokratia

9. slovakiki-dimokratia

10. szlovak-koztarsasag

11. slovak-republic

12. repubblica-slovacca

13. slovakijas-republika

14. slovakijos-respublika

15. repubblika-slovakka

16. slowaakse-republiek

17. republika-slowacka

18. republica-eslovaca

19. slovaska-republika

20. republica-eslovaca

21. slovakiska-republiken

22. σλοßακικη-δημοκρατια

23. slowakischerepublik

24. republiqueslovaque

25. slovenskarepublika

26. slovakiskerepublik

27. slovakivabariik

28. slovakiantasavalta

29. szlovakkoztarsasag

30. slovakrepublic

31. repubblicaslovacca

32. slovakijasrepublika

33. slovakijosrespublika

34. repubblikaslovakka

35. slowaakserepubliek

36. republikaslowacka

37. republicaeslovaca

38. slovaskarepublika

39. republicaeslovaca

40. slovakiskarepubliken

41. σλοßακικηδημοκρατια

42. slowakei

43. slovaquie

44. slovakia

45. slovensko

46. slovakiet

47. slovakkia

48. szlovakia

49. slovacchia

50. slovakija

51. slowakije

52. slowacija

53. eslovaquia

54. slovaska

55. σλοßακικη

56. slovakien

57. république-slovaque

58. slovenská-republika

59. szlovák-köztársaság

60. slovākijos-respublika

61. republika-słowacka

62. república-eslovaca

63. slovaška-republika

64. slovačka-republika

65. lýdveldid-slovakia

66. républiqueslovaque

67. slovenskárepublika

68. szlovákköztársaság

69. slovākijosrespublika

70. republikasłowacka

71. repúblicaeslovaca

72. slovaškarepublika

73. slovačkarepublika

74. lýdveldidslovakia

75. szlovákia

76. slovākija

77. słowacija

78. slovaška

79. slovačka

SLOVENIA

1. slovenija

2. slovenia

3. slowenien

4. slovenie

5. la-slovenie

6. laslovenie

7. eslovenia

8. republikaslovenija

9. republika-slovenija

10. republicofslovenia

11. republic-of-slovenia

12. szlovenia

13. szlovenkoztarsasag

14. szloven-koztarsasag

15. repubblicadislovenia

16. repubblica-di-slovenia

SPAIN

1. españa

2. reinodeespana

3. reino-de-espana

4. espagne

5. espana

6. espanha

7. espanja

8. espanya

9. hispaania

10. hiszpania

11. ispanija

12. spagna

13. spain

14. spanielsko

15. spanien

16. spanija

17. spanje

18. reinodeespaña

19. reino-de-españa

20. španielsko

21. spānija

22. španija

23. španiělsko

24. espainia

25. ispania

26. ισπανια

27. andalucia

28. andalucía

29. andalousie

30. andalusia

31. andalusien

32. juntadeandalucia

33. juntadeandalucía

34. aragon

35. aragón

36. gobiernodearagon

37. gobiernoaragón

38. principadodeasturias

39. principaudasturies

40. asturias

41. asturies

42. illesbalears

43. islasbaleares

44. canarias

45. gobiernodecanarias

46. canaryisland

47. kanarischeinseln

48. cantabria

49. gobiernodecantabria

50. castillalamancha

51. castilla-lamancha

52. castillayleon

53. castillayleón

54. juntadecastillayleon

55. juntadecastillayleón

56. generalitatdecatalunya

57. generalitatdecataluña

58. catalunya

59. cataluña

60. katalonien

61. catalonia

62. catalogna

63. catalogne

64. cataloniě

65. katalonias

66. catalunha

67. kataloniens

68. katalonian

69. catalonië

70. extremadura

71. comunidadautonomadeextremadura

72. comunidadautónomadeextremadura

73. xuntadegalicia

74. comunidadautonomadegalicia

75. comunidaautónomadegalicia

76. comunidadeautonomadegalicia

77. comunidadeautónomadegalicia

78. larioja

79. gobiernodelarioja

80. comunidadmadrid

81. madridregion

82. regionmadrid

83. madrid

84. murciaregion

85. murciaregión

86. murciaregione

87. murciaregiao

88. regiondemurcia

89. regióndemurcia

90. regionofmurcia

91. regionvonmurcia

92. regionedimurcia

93. regiaodomurcia

94. navarra

95. nafarroa

96. navarre

97. navarracomunidadforal

98. nafarroaforukomunitatea

99. nafarroaforuerkidegoa

100. communauteforaledenavarre

101. communautéforaledenavarre

102. foralcommunityofnavarra

103. paisvasco

104. paísvasco

105. euskadi

106. euskalherria

107. paisbasc

108. basquecountry

109. paysbasque

110. paesebasco

111. baskenland

112. paisbasco

113. χώρατωνβάσκων

114. gobiernovasco

115. euskojaurlaritza

116. governbasc

117. basquegovernment

118. gouvernementbasque

119. governobasco

120. baskischeregierung

121. baskitschebestuur

122. κυβέρνησητωνβάσκων

123. comunidad-valenciana

124. comunidadvalenciana

125. comunitat-valenciana

126. comunitatvalenciana

127. ceuta

128. gobiernoceuta

129. melilla

130. gobiernomelilla

SWEDEN

1. suecia

2. reinodesuecia

3. sverige

4. kongerietsverige

5. schweden

6. königreichschweden

7. konigreichschweden

8. σουηδία

9. ΒασίλειοτηςΣουηδίας

10. sweden

11. kingdomofsweden

12. suède

13. suede

14. royaumedesuède

15. royaumedesuede

16. svezia

17. regnodisvezia

18. zweden

19. koninkrijkzweden

20. suécia

21. reinodasuécia

22. reinodasuecia

23. ruotsi

24. ruotsinkuningaskunta

25. konungariketsverige

26. švédsko

27. rootsi

28. svedija

29. svédorszag

30. svedorszag

31. l-isvezja

32. szweja

33. švedska

34. svedska

UNITED KINGDOM

1. unitedkingdom

2. united-kingdom

3. united_kingdom

4. greatbritain

5. great-britain

6. great_britain

7. britain

8. cymru

9. england

10. northernireland

11. northern-ireland

12. northern_ireland

13. scotland

14. wales

2. List of names per country and the countries that can reserve them

BULGARIA

1. българия

2. bulgaria

3. bulharsko

4. bulgarien

5. bulgaaria

6. βουλγαρία

7. bulgarie

8. bulgarija

9. bulgarije

10. bolgarija

11. republicofbulgaria

12. the-republic-of-bulgaria

13. the_republic_of_bulgaria

14. republic-of-bulgaria

15. republic_of_bulgaria

16. republicbulgaria

17. republic-bulgaria

18. republic_bulgaria

19. repubblicadibulgaria

20. repubblica-di-bulgaria

21. repubblica_di_bulgaria

22. repubblicabulgaria

23. repubblica-bulgaria

24. repubblica_bulgaria

25. republikbulgarien

26. republik-bulgarien

27. republik_bulgarien

28. bulgaariavabariik

29. bulgaaria-vabariik

30. bulgaaria_vabariik

31. δημοκρατιατησβουλγαριας

32. δημοκρατια-της-βουλγαριας

33. δημοκρατια_της_βουλγαριας

34. republiekbulgarije

35. republiek-bulgarije

36. republiek_bulgarije

37. republikabolgarija

38. republika-bolgarija

39. republika_bolgarija

40. republikabulgaria

41. republika-bulgaria

42. republika_bulgaria

43. bulharskarepublica

44. bulharska-republica

45. bulharska_republica

46. republiquebulgarie

47. republique-bulgarie

48. republique_bulgarie

49. republicabulgarija

50. republica-bulgārija

51. republica_bulgārija

52. repúblikabulgária

53. repúblika-bulgária

54. repúblika_bulgária

55. repúblicabulgaria

56. república-bulgaria

57. república_bulgaria

58. bulgarja

59. bălgarija

60. bulgariantasavalta

61. bulgarian-tasavalta

62. bulgarian_tasavalta

63. republikenbulgarien

64. republiken-bulgarien

65. republiken_bulgarien

66. repulicabulgaria

67. repulica-bulgaria

68. repulica_bulgaria

69. köztársaságbulgária

70. köztársaság-bulgária

71. köztársaság_bulgária

CROATIA

1. croatia

2. kroatia

3. kroatien

4. kroatien

5. croazia

6. kroatien

7. croacia

8. croatie

9. horvátország

10. horvatorszag

11. kroatië

12. kroatie

13. chorwacja

14. κροατία

15. chorvatsko

16. charvátsko

17. horvaatia

18. kroaatia

19. croácia

20. croacia

21. horvātija

22. horvatija

23. kroatija

24. kroazja

25. chorvátsko

26. chrovatsko

27. hrvaška

28. hrvaska

ICELAND

1. arepublicadeislândia

2. deijslandrepubliek

3. deijslandrepubliek

4. derepubliekvanijsland

5. derepubliekvanijsland

6. iceland

7. icelandrepublic

8. iepublikaislande

9. ijsland

10. island

11. islanda

12. islande

13. islandia

14. islândia

15. islandica

16. islandrepublik

17. islandskylisejnik

18. islannintasavalta

19. islanti

20. izland

21. ísland

22. íslenskalýðveldið

23. köztársaságizland

24. larepubblicadiislanda

25. larepúblicadeislandia

26. larépubliquedislande

27. lislande

28. lýðveldiðísland

29. puklerkaislandska

30. rahvavabariikisland

31. repubblicadiislanda

32. repubblikataisland

33. republicoficeland

34. republikaisland

35. republikaislandia

36. republikavisland

37. republikkenisland

38. republikvonisland

39. repúblicadeislandia

40. repúblicadeislândia

41. républiquedislande

42. ΔημοκρατίατηςΙσλανδίας

43. Ισλανδία

LIECHTENSTEIN

1. fyrstendømmetliechtenstein

2. fürstentumliechtenstein

3. principalityofliechtenstein

4. liechtensteinivürstiriiki

5. liechtensteininruhtinaskunta

6. principautédeliechtenstein

7. πριγκιπάτοτουλιχτενστάιν

8. furstadæmisinsliechtensteins

9. principatodelliechtenstein

10. lichtenšteinokunigaikštystė

11. lihtenšteinasfirstiste

12. prinċipalitàtal-liechtenstein

13. vorstendomliechtenstein

14. fyrstedømmetliechtenstein

15. księstwoliechtenstein

16. principadodoliechtenstein

17. furstendömetliechtenstein

18. lichtenštajnskékniežatstvo

19. kneževinolihtenštajn

20. principadodeliechtenstein

21. lichtenštejnskéknížectví

22. lichtensteinihercegség

NORWAY

1. norge

2. noreg

3. norway

4. norwegen

5. norvege

6. norvège

7. noruega

8. norvegia

9. norvégia

10. norsko

11. nórsko

12. norra

13. norja

14. norvegija

15. norvēģija

16. noorwegen

17. Νορßηγία

18. norvegja

19. norveġja

20. norveska

21. norveška

22. norwegia

23. norga

ROMANIA

1. românia

2. romania

3. roumanie

4. rumänien

5. rumanien

6. rumanía

7. rumænien

8. roménia

9. romênia

10. romenia

11. rumunia

12. rumunsko

13. romunija

14. rumãnija

15. rumunija

16. rumeenia

17. ρουμανία

18. románia

19. rumanija

20. roemenië

TURKEY

1. turkiye

2. türkiye

3. turkiyecumhuriyeti

4. türkiyecumhuriyeti