Schwarz commenced and completed his general surgery residency at the Medical College of Ohio between July 1988 and June 1993. He began a plastic surgery residency at the University of Michigan in July 1993, but was terminated from the program prior to its completion in October 1996 for performance and behavior issues. Plaintiff was a trauma surgeon at St. Vincent's Medical Center in Toledo, Ohio between September 1993 and July 1999, although he testified that his last trauma call at St. Vincent's was in November 1997. Between 1997 and 2006, Plaintiff did not treat any patients. Rather, he was employed as a financial consultant/loan officer between 1998-2004. He returned to the University of Michigan as a research fellow in June 2004.