His research interest is “Charge Transport in Mesoscopic Energy Conversion and Storage Systems”. He obtained his Ph.D. in Physics at Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2002. Before he moved to Singapore, he had been working with Prof. Michael Grätzel at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland and Dr. Arthur J. Frank at National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), USA, in the area of sensitised mesoscopic photoelectrochemical cells. He devised redox targeting concept for battery materials. This provides an intriguing way to the development of high energy density flow batteries.