Most recently, he is the author of Expelling Hope: The Assault on Youth and the Militarization of Schooling (SUNY: 2008) and editor of The Giroux Reader (2006). He can be contacted at: crobbin2@emich.edu. Joe Bishop is an Associate Professor in Social Foundations of Education at Eastern Michigan University. His work focuses on promoting and developing democratic citizenship with an emphasis on emerging democracies. He can be contacted at: jbishop3@emich.edu. Read other articles by Christopher G. Robbins, or visit Christopher G. Robbins's website.