His principal research interest is in the evolutionary ecology of bacteriophages, a.k.a., phages, which are Earth’s most prevalent category of viruses, while viruses are Earth’s most abundant category of ‘organisms’. This interest he pursues from both basic science and applied perspectives, organismal evolutionary adaptation and the use of phages as ‘antibiotics’ – phage therapy – respectively. He sees the core of his scientific training as being in biochemistry, having received his BS in that subject, but overlain with a strong tendency to explore issues of organism-level phenotype and ultimate causation.