His areas of scholarly specialization are early modern Scandinavia and Germany, as well as modern Finland. Professor Lavery has published two books: Germany’s Northern Challenge: The Holy Roman Empire and the Scandinavian Struggle for the Baltic 1563-1576 (Boston and Leiden: Brill Academic Press, 2002), and The History of Finland (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2006). During the 2007-08 academic year, he will be a research fellow at the Collegium for Advanced Research at Helsinki University.