He has a Bachelor of Science degree in Math and a Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy from the University of Illinois. He has an MBA and Ph.D. from the University of Arizona. He worked as a software engineer in the court reporting industry for thirteen years before his Ph.D. studies. He has published in Journal of Management Information Systems, Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, Communications of the ACM, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, IEEE Computer, and Group Decision and Negotiations.