His research examines the ways that the sense of touch can be used within an interface, when the user’s visual channel is blocked, restricted or overloaded. He has designed haptic and multimodal interfaces to support individuals who are blind and older adults to overcome the barriers faced when accessing graphical user interfaces. He has also examined ways to develop tactile feedback to augment the process of mobile interaction. Other areas of interest include applying non-visual technologies to address the trade-offs associated with authentication. He received his Ph.D. from Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, and M.Sc. and B.Sc. degrees from University College London, UK.