From 1998 to 2009, he practiced international law and investor-State arbitration at law firms in Geneva (Lenz and Staehelin, and Lalive) and Montreal (Norton Rose Fulbright) as well as at Canada's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (Trade Law Bureau). He completed his PhD in international law at the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, Switzerland, in 2006. He is the author of more than fifty publications in the fields of international investment law and international law, including State Succession to International Responsibility (2007) and The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard: A Guide to NAFTA Case Law on Article 1105 (2013).