He earned a Ph.D. in Historical Theology from Bob Jones University and a Ph.D. in New Testament from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School under D. A. Carson. He has written and edited several noteworthy books including The NIV Zondervan Study Bible, Conscience: What It Is, How to Train It, and Loving Those Who Differ, and From Typology to Doxology: Paul’s Use of Isaiah and Job in Romans 11:34–35.