He is a health economist whose research has included several studies that estimate the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on individual and household socio-economic outcomes in Kenya and India, as well as randomized evaluations of mobile phone-based text messages and conditional cash transfers (CCTs) for improving adherence to ART. His current research includes a study on the effect of conflict on health outcomes, evaluations of cash transfer progr ams, and the development of incentive-based interventions to increase uptake of HIV prevention services. Dr. Thirumurthy received his Ph.D. in economics from Yale University.