He received his Ph. D. in Applied Physics from the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University in 2003. He then worked as an engineer at SANYO Electric Co. Ltd. in Japan for 8 years, developing cathode and anode materials for Li-ion batteries. Afterwards, he led the battery activities at the Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University and TUM CREATE Centre for Electromobility in Singapore as a senior scientist for two years before joining City University of Hong Kong. His research interests include fabrication, development and characterization of materials and electrodes for energy storage applications.