He received his PhD in Sociology at the University of Colorado-Boulder in 2006 with an emphasis in criminology and race. His [Page 276]research interests include gangs, aggressive law enforcement, border enforcement, and disproportionate minority contact with the juvenile justice system. Articles can be found in Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies, Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, Latino Studies, and Social Justice: A Journal of Crime, Conflict, and World Order.