He earned his Ph.D. in Management information System from Indiana University. His research interests include collaboration and collaborative systems, the use of virtual worlds for collaboration and teaching, mobile and electronic commerce, radio frequency ID (RFID), biometrics, spatial technologies and location-intelligence systems, and data visualization and support systems. He has previously published a book on mobile commerce and articles in academic and practitioner journals such as Management Information Systems Quarterly, Communications of the AIS, the International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, the Journal of Animal Science, the Journal of Management Information Systems, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processing, and Small Group Research.