He received his Ph.D. in Vision Science and Physics at the University of Waterloo in Ontario. As a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of Rochester, he utilized the world's first ophthalmoscope equipped with adaptive optics to measure the properties of photoreceptors in living human eyes. By combining adaptive optics imaging with retinal densitometry, he was able, for the first time ever, to map the trichromatic cone mosaic. He has recently completed building an Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Opthalmoscope System and with this has recorded the flow of blood in the blood vessels of the human retina. This instrument with further development has the potential to become a major diagnostic tool for the detection of eye disease.