A former director of African Studies and an award winning professor at the University of Toronto, Professor Tieku’s current research focuses on the African Union, conflict mediation and negotiation, peacebuilding, regional governance innovations, international organizations, defence and security policies, as well as the West and Africa relations. Professor Tieku served as a consultant to a number of organizations and governments, including the World Bank Group, Centre for International Governance Innovations, and Department of National Defence, and Global Affairs Canada. His latest book (2016) is Governing Africa: 3D Analysis of the Performance of African Union. Tags: African Union, Responsibility to Protect (R2P), sovereignty, United Nations