He holds degrees from Princeton University (’64) and Harvard Law School (’67), and is a practicing attorney, specializing in civil liberties litigation, criminal defense, academic freedom, and students’ rights cases. He was a member of the board of the Massachusetts chapter of the ACLU for three decades and served for two years as board president. He has also taught at Harvard Law School, the University of Massachusetts Boston, and at the Cambridge Rindge and Latin School. He is the co-founder, with Alan Charles Kors, of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, for which he also serves as the current Chairman of the Board of Directors.