He earned his Ph.D. in political science from the University of Notre Dame. He is the author or coauthor of articles in International Security, International Studies Quarterly, Foreign Policy, and most recently of “Who’s Afraid of the Bomb? The Role of Nuclear Non-Use Norms in Confrontations between Nuclear and Non-Nuclear Opponents,” Security Studies 24:4 (2015): 563-96. Avey is currently working on a book project that explores why states without nuclear weapons challenge and resist nuclear armed opponents.