For many years, scholars and activists have recognized a process called "gentrification," which Rutland defines as "the class process, usually at the neighbourhood scale, whereby a working-class population is replaced by ... a higher-income group of people." It is a process that is often racialized -- and, indeed, given the prevalence of indigenous people in Sudbury's downtown and among people living in poverty in the city, both Lassaline and Aho agreed that it probably is to a certain extent here as well, though neither was able to say much about how the racialized dynamics play out locally.