He obtained his PhD in Corporate Failure Modeling from Leeds University, United Kingdom. He received his bachelor’s degree in Economics/Mathematics from Macalester College and a master’s degree in Mathematics from Eastern Michigan University. His main research interest is on credit risk and financial modeling and his current works involve building separate credit risk models for Malaysian public firms using Black-Scholes-Merton based model and building Partial Least Square based bankruptcy models for small and medium enterprises. Using analytic hierarchy process, he works on ethics based corporate social responsibility efficiency and performance models for Islamic financial institutions which include Islamic banks. He is also working on the performance efficiency of Takaful firms using data enveloping analysis.