He received his Ph.D. and J.D. from Arizona State University. He has published a number of articles on studies related to crime and the legal system in China. He is also the author of two new books, titled The Changing Chinese Legal System, 1978 - Present: Centralization of Power and Rationalization of the Legal System with Routledge (2008) and China's Drug Practices and Policies: Regulating Controlled Substances in a Global Context with Ashgate (2009). His current research interests include globalization and its impact on the Chinese legal system, crime and deviance in China, and the drug court in Tulsa County, Oklahoma.