Her primary interest is in understanding the consequences of incarceration for individuals and those who are connected to them by familial ties. Her current research uses FFCWS data to explore: (1) the consequences of individuals' involvement in crime and history of incarceration for family formation, family dynamics, and youths' behavior; (2) the characteristics and circumstances that mediate and/or moderate the impact of incarceration on children and families; and (3) whether the effects of incarceration are universal across ethnoracial groups and immigrant backgrounds.email: hmwashington@albany.edu