dcrodriguez/Code-of-Virginia huggingface dataset:
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-414. Commencement of periods for suspension or revocation of licenses, registration cards, or license plates.
Wherever it is provided in this title that the driver's license, registration cards, or license plates of any person be suspended or revoked for a period of time on conviction of certain offenses, or after a hearing before the Commissioner as provided by law, the period shall be counted from the date the conviction becomes final or after the order of the Commissioner, as a result of the hearing, becomes final. However, the provisions of this section shall not apply in any case where the person whose license is subject to suspension or revocation gives a false name or otherwise conceals his identity.

Code 1950, § 46-427.1; 1954, c. 222; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-441; 1984, c. 780; 1989, c. 727; 2005, c. 565.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-415. United States magistrates and judges of district courts authorized to revoke or suspend driver's license under certain conditions.
When any person is found guilty of a violation of any traffic regulation by a United States magistrate or a judge of a district court of the United States, which violation occurred on a federal reservation, and, for which, if the violation had occurred on the highways in the Commonwealth, revocation or suspension of the person's driver's license would be mandatory or discretionary with a court of the Commonwealth, the magistrate or judge is authorized to revoke or suspend the person's driver's license, provided it is forwarded to the Commissioner as is provided by law as to courts of the Commonwealth.

1966, c. 591, § 46.1-441.1; 1976, c. 62; 1984, c. 780; 1985, c. 90; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-416. Notice of suspension or revocation of license.
A. Whenever it is provided in this title that a driver's license may or shall be suspended or revoked either by the Commissioner or by a court, notice of the suspension or revocation or any certified copy of the decision or order of the Commissioner may be sent by the Department by certified mail to the driver at the most recent address of the driver on file at the Department. If the certificate of the Commissioner or someone designated by him for that purpose shows that the notice or copy has been so sent or provided, it shall be deemed prima facie evidence that the notice or copy has been sent and delivered or otherwise provided to the driver for all purposes involving the application of the provisions of this title. In the discretion of the Commissioner, service may be made as provided in § 8.01-296, which service on the driver shall be made by delivery in writing to the driver in person in accordance with subdivision 1 of § 8.01-296 by a sheriff or deputy sheriff in the county or city in which the address is located, who shall, as directed by the Commissioner, take possession of any suspended or revoked license, registration card, or set of license plates or decals and return them to the office of the Commissioner. No such service shall be made if, prior to service, the driver has complied with the requirement which caused the issuance of the decision or order. In any such case, return shall be made to the Commissioner.

B. In lieu of making a direct payment to sheriffs as a fee for delivery of the Department's processes, the Commissioner shall effect a transfer of funds, on a monthly basis, to the Compensation Board to be used to provide additional support to sheriffs' departments. The amount of funds so transferred shall be as provided in the general appropriation act.

C. The Department may contract with the United States Postal Service or an authorized agent to use the National Change of Address System for the purpose of obtaining current address information for a person whose name appears in customer records maintained by the Department. If the Department receives information from the National Change of Address System indicating that a person whose name appears in a Department record has submitted a permanent change of address to the Postal Service, the Department may then update its records with the mailing address obtained from the National Change of Address System.

1968, c. 144, § 46.1-441.2; 1980, c. 704; 1981, c. 619; 1984, c. 780; 1985, c. 231; 1989, cc. 439, 727; 1993, c. 24; 1994, c. 345; 1996, cc. 943, 994; 2001, c. 414; 2010, cc. 25, 55; 2012, c. 615; 2020, cc. 964, 965.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-416.1. Repealed.
Repealed by Acts 2020, cc. 740 and 741 cl. 2.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-418. Nonpayment of judgments of Virginia and other states.
The Commissioner shall take action as required in § 46.2-417 on receiving proper evidence that the person has failed for a period of thirty days to satisfy any judgment, in amount and on a cause of action as stated in §§ 46.2-364 and 46.2-417, rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction of the Commonwealth, any other state of the United States, the United States, Canada or its provinces.

Code 1950, § 46-430; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-443; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-419. When judgment satisfied.
A. For all policies effective on or after January 1, 2022, but prior to January 1, 2025, every judgment for damages in any motor vehicle accident referred to in this chapter shall, for the purpose of this chapter, be satisfied:

1. When paid in full or when $30,000 has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of bodily injury to or death of one person as the result of any one accident;

2. When, subject to the limit of $30,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person, the judgment has been paid in full or when the sum of $60,000 has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons as the result of any one accident;

3. When the judgment has been paid in full or when $20,000 has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of injury to or destruction of property of others as a result of any one accident; or

4. When the judgment has been discharged in bankruptcy.

B. For all policies effective on or after January 1, 2025, every judgment for damages in any motor vehicle accident referred to in this chapter shall, for the purposes of this chapter, be satisfied:

1. When paid in full or when $50,000 has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of bodily injury to or death of one person as the result of any one accident;

2. When, subject to the limit of $50,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person, the judgment has been paid in full or when the sum of $100,000 has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons as the result of any one accident;

3. When the judgment has been paid in full or when $25,000 has been credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered in excess of that amount because of injury to or destruction of property of others as a result of any one accident; or

4. When the judgment has been discharged in bankruptcy.

C. Payments made in settlement of any claims because of bodily injury, death or property damage arising from a motor vehicle accident shall be credited in reduction of the amount provided in this section.

Code 1950, § 46-431; 1954, c. 378; 1958, cc. 501, 541, § 46.1-444; 1968, c. 685; 1970, c. 272; 1972, cc. 47, 433; 1975, c. 382; 1978, c. 550; 1989, cc. 621, 727; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 273.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-420. Order for payment of judgment in installments.
A judgment debtor, on five days' notice to the judgment creditor, may apply to the court in which the judgment was obtained for the privilege of paying it in installments. The court, without prejudice to other legal remedies which the judgment creditor may have, may so order, fixing the amounts and times of payment of the installments.

Code 1950, § 46-432; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-445; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-421. Effect of order for such payment and proof of financial responsibility.
The Commissioner shall not suspend a license or registration of a motor vehicle and shall restore any license or registration suspended following nonpayment of a judgment, if the judgment debtor obtains an order from the court in which the judgment was rendered permitting payment of the judgment in installments and if the judgment debtor gives proof of his financial responsibility in the future as provided in this chapter.

Code 1950, § 46-433; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-446; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-422. Suspension on failure to pay installments.
If the judgment debtor fails to pay any installment as permitted by the order of the court, then on notice of default, the Commissioner shall forthwith suspend the driver's license, registration cards, and license plates of the judgment debtor until the judgment is satisfied as provided in this chapter. The judgment debtor may apply, after due notice to the judgment creditor, to the court which allowed installment payment of the judgment, within thirty days after the default, for resumption of the privilege of paying the judgment in installments, if past-due installments are first paid.

Code 1950, § 46-434; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-447; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-423. Creditor's consent to license notwithstanding default in payment.
If the judgment creditor consents in writing, in whatever form the Commissioner prescribes, that the judgment debtor be allowed a driver's license and motor vehicle registration, the Commissioner may allow the same, notwithstanding default in the payment of the judgment or any installment thereof, for six months from the date of consent and thereafter until it is revoked in writing, if the judgment debtor furnishes proof of his financial responsibility in the future as provided in this chapter.

Code 1950, § 46-435; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-448; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-424. Duty of insurance carrier after notice of accident; report of omissions by insurers to State Corporation Commission; investigation and assessment for omissions.
On receipt of the certificate of insurance, the insurance carrier or surety company named in the certificate of insurance shall determine whether the policy or bond was applicable to liability, if any, as to the named insured. Thereupon and not later than thirty days following receipt of the certificate of insurance, the insurance company or surety company shall cause to be filed with the Commissioner a written notice if the policy or bond was not applicable to liability, if any, as to the named insured resulting from the accident. The Commissioner shall prescribe the manner in which the written notice shall be made.

When the insurance company or surety company notifies the Commissioner that the policy or bond named in the certificate of insurance was not applicable to liability resulting from the accident, the Department shall determine, under § 46.2-708, whether suspension of the driver's license, registration cards, and license plates issued to the owner of the motor vehicle involved in the accident is required.

If the records of the Department reasonably indicate that any insurance carrier or surety company does not cause to be filed the notice herein required, the Commissioner shall report every such omission to the State Corporation Commission.

The State Corporation Commission shall investigate every such report of omission. If the Commission finds that any insurance carrier or surety company licensed to transact business in the Commonwealth, has failed, without good reason, to cause to be filed the notice required hereunder, the State Corporation Commission may assess the carrier or company fifty dollars for each omission.

Code 1950, § 46-438; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-451; 1972, c. 442; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-425. Driver or owner having no license issued by Department.
In case a driver or owner has no driver's license issued by the Department or no motor vehicle registered in his name in the Commonwealth, he shall not be allowed a driver's license or motor vehicle registration until he has complied with this chapter to the same extent as would be necessary if he had held a driver's license or a motor vehicle registration at the time of the accident in which he was involved or at the time of the commission of the offense resulting in a conviction as is mentioned in §§ 46.2-389 and 46.2-391.

Code 1950, § 46-439; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-452; 1984, c. 780; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-426. Custody and application of cash or securities deposited; limitation of actions; assignment.
Cash or securities furnished in compliance with the requirements of this chapter shall be placed by the Commissioner in the custody of the State Treasurer and shall be applicable only to the payment of any judgment against the depositor for damages arising out of the accident in question in an action at law in a court in the Commonwealth begun not later than one year after the date of the accident. The cash or securities may be assigned by the depositor for the benefit of the person or persons damaged or injured in the accident as the result of which the cash or securities were filed or deposited without the damaged or injured person being required to institute legal proceedings. The Commissioner shall accept the assignment if, in his opinion, the rights of any other person or persons shall not be prejudiced thereby.

Code 1950, § 46-441; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-454; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-428. Commonwealth responsible for deposits.
The Commonwealth shall be responsible for the safekeeping of all bonds, cash, and securities deposited with the State Treasurer under the provisions of this chapter, and if the deposit or any part of the deposit is lost, destroyed, or misappropriated the Commonwealth shall make good the loss to any person entitled thereto.

Code 1950, § 46-448; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-460; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-429. Release of deposits only upon consent of Commissioner.
Bonds, cash, or securities deposited with the State Treasurer pursuant to this chapter shall only be released by the State Treasurer upon consent of the Commissioner given in conformity with this chapter.

Code 1950, § 46-449; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-461; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-430. Power over nonresidents.
Whenever by the laws of the Commonwealth the Commissioner may suspend or revoke: (i) the license of a resident driver, or (ii) the registration cards and license plates of a resident owner, he may:

1. Suspend or revoke the privilege of operating a motor vehicle in the Commonwealth by a nonresident driver, and

2. Suspend the privilege of driving a vehicle owned by a nonresident regardless of whether the vehicle is registered in the Commonwealth.

Code 1950, § 46-450; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-462; 1984, c. 780; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-431. Chapter applies to nonresidents.
Every provision of this chapter applies to any person who is not a resident of the Commonwealth under the same circumstances as it would apply to a resident. No nonresident may drive any motor vehicle in the Commonwealth and no motor vehicle owned by him may be driven in the Commonwealth, unless the nonresident has complied with the requirements of this chapter with respect to giving proof of financial responsibility in the future.

Code 1950, § 46-451; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-463; 1972, c. 638; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-432. Failure of nonresident to report accident.
The failure of a nonresident to report an accident as required in this title shall constitute sufficient ground for suspension or revocation of his privileges of driving a motor vehicle in the Commonwealth and of driving within the Commonwealth of any motor vehicle owned by him.

Code 1950, § 46-452; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-464; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-433. Notification of officers in nonresident's home state.
On conviction of a nonresident or in case any unsatisfied judgment results in suspension of a nonresident's driving privileges in the Commonwealth and the prohibition of driving within the Commonwealth of any motor vehicle, or on suspension of a nonresident's driving privileges in the Commonwealth pursuant to any other provision of this chapter, the Commissioner shall transmit a certified copy of the record of the conviction or the unsatisfied judgment, or any other action pursuant to this chapter resulting in suspension of a nonresident's driving privileges of any motor vehicle owned by such nonresident, to the motor vehicle commissioner or officer performing the functions of a commissioner in the state of the United States, or possession under the exclusive control of the United States, Mexico or its states, or Canada or its provinces in which the nonresident resides.

Code 1950, § 46-453; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-465; 1989, c. 727; 2005, c. 513.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-434. Conviction of or judgment against resident in another jurisdiction.
The Commissioner shall suspend or revoke the license and registration certificate and plates of any resident of the Commonwealth upon receiving notice of his conviction, in a court of competent jurisdiction of the Commonwealth, any other state of the United States, the United States, Canada or its provinces or any territorial subdivision of such state or country, of an offense therein which, if committed in the Commonwealth, would be grounds for the suspension or revocation of the license granted to him or registration of any motor vehicle registered in his name. No suspension or revocation under this subsection shall continue for a longer period than it would have, had the offense been committed in the Commonwealth, provided the person gives proof of his financial responsibility in the future for the period provided in § 46.2-412.

The Commissioner shall take like action upon receipt of notice that a resident of the Commonwealth has failed, for a period of thirty days, to satisfy any final judgment in amount and upon a cause of action as stated herein, rendered against him in a court of competent jurisdiction of any other state of the United States, the United States, Canada or its provinces, or any territorial subdivision of such state or country.

Code 1950, § 46-454; 1950, p. 888; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-466; 1988, c. 860; 1989, c. 727; 1992, c. 109; 1997, c. 486.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-435. Proof of financial responsibility to be furnished for each vehicle.
Proof of financial responsibility in the amounts required by this chapter shall be furnished for each motor vehicle registered by the person required to furnish such proof.

Code 1950, § 46-455; 1954, c. 378; 1958, cc. 501, 541, § 46.1-467; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-436. Methods of proving financial responsibility.
Proof of financial responsibility when required under this chapter may be given by proof that:

1. A policy or policies of motor vehicle liability insurance have been obtained and are in full force;

2. A bond has been duly executed;

3. A deposit has been made of money or securities; or

4. A self-insurance certificate has been filed, all as provided in this chapter.

Such proof shall be presented to the Department in a form prescribed by the Commissioner.

Code 1950, § 46-456; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-468; 1989, c. 727; 2025, cc. 163, 177.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-437. Proof of financial responsibility by owner in lieu of driver.
When the Commissioner finds that any person required to give proof of financial responsibility under this title is or later becomes a driver, however designated, or a member of the immediate family or household, in the employ or home of an owner of a motor vehicle, the Commissioner shall accept proof of financial responsibility given by the owner in lieu of proof of financial responsibility by such person to permit him to operate a motor vehicle for which the owner has given proof of financial responsibility as provided in this chapter. The Commissioner shall designate the restrictions imposed by this section on the face of the person's driver's license.

Code 1950, § 46-457; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-469; 1972, c. 638; 1984, c. 780; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-438. Proof by owner of vehicles operated under permit or certificate of State Corporation Commission or Department of Motor Vehicles.
If the owner of a motor vehicle is one whose vehicles are operated under a permit or a certificate of convenience and necessity issued by the State Corporation Commission or the Department, proof by the owner on behalf of another as provided by this chapter may be made if there is filed with the Commissioner satisfactory evidence that the owner has complied with the law with respect to his liability for damage caused by the operation of his vehicles by providing the required insurance or other security or has qualified as a self-insurer as described in § 46.2-368.

Code 1950, § 46-458; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-470; 1989, c. 727; 1997, c. 283.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-439. Proof of financial responsibility in the future.
Proof of financial responsibility in the future shall be made by filing with the Commissioner the written certificate of any insurance carrier authorized to do business in the Commonwealth, certifying that there is in effect a motor vehicle liability policy for the benefit of the person required to furnish proof of financial responsibility in the future. Such certificate shall be an American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators Uniform Financial Responsibility Form (SR-22), or Virginia Uniform Financial Responsibility Form (FR-44), depending on the circumstances. Such certificate shall give its effective date and the effective date of the policy and shall be submitted in a form prescribed by the Commissioner.

Code 1950, § 46-459; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-471; 1972, c. 380; 1976, c. 143; 1988, c. 860; 1989, c. 727; 2025, cc. 163, 177.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-440. Certificate for nonresident may be by carrier not qualified in Commonwealth.
A nonresident owner of a vehicle not registered in Virginia may give proof of financial responsibility by filing with the Commissioner a written certificate or certificates of an insurance carrier not authorized to transact business in the Commonwealth but authorized to transact business in any other state, any territory or possession of the United States and under its exclusive control, Canada or its provinces, or the territorial subdivisions of such states or countries, in which any motor vehicle described in the certificate and all replacement vehicles of similar classification are registered or, if the nonresident does not own a motor vehicle, then in the like jurisdiction in which the insured resides and otherwise conforming to the provisions of this chapter. The Commissioner shall accept the same if the insurance carrier, in addition to having complied with all other provisions of this chapter as requisite, shall:

1. Execute a power of attorney authorizing the Commissioner to accept service on its behalf of notice or process in any action arising out of a motor vehicle accident in the Commonwealth;

2. Duly adopt a resolution, which shall be binding upon it, declaring that its policies are to be deemed to be modified to comply with the law of the Commonwealth and the terms of this chapter relating to the terms of motor vehicle liability policies issued herein;

3. Agree to accept as final and binding the judgment of any court of competent jurisdiction in the Commonwealth from which judgment no appeal is or can be taken, duly rendered in any action arising out of a motor vehicle accident;

4. Deposit with the State Treasurer cash or securities as are mentioned in § 46.2-453 or the surety bond of a company authorized to do business in Virginia equal in value to $60,000 for each insurance policy filed as proof of financial responsibility.

Code 1950, § 46-460; 1954, c. 378; 1958, cc. 501, 541, § 46.1-472; 1968, c. 685; 1972, c. 433; 1975, c. 382; 1976, c. 143; 1978, c. 220; 1989, cc. 621, 727; 1993, c. 164; 1995, c. 121.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-441. Nonresident may file proof of financial responsibility in the future from insurance company or other state-authorized entity providing insurance.
Notwithstanding the requirement of §§ 46.2-439 and 46.2-440, a nonresident required to file proof of financial responsibility in the future under this chapter may give proof of financial responsibility in the future by filing with the Commissioner the written certificate of an insurance company or other state-authorized entity providing insurance and authorized or licensed to do business in the nonresident's state of residence as long as such proof of financial responsibility in the future is in amounts equal to those required by §§ 46.2-316 and 46.2-472. Such certificate shall be an American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators Uniform Financial Responsibility Form (SR-22), or Virginia Uniform Financial Responsibility Form (FR-44), depending on the circumstances. Such certificate shall give its effective date and the effective date of the policy and shall be submitted in a form prescribed by the Commissioner.

Code 1950, § 46-461; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-473; 1989, c. 727; 1995, c. 121; 2025, cc. 163, 177.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-442. Default of foreign insurance carrier.
If any insurance carrier not authorized to do business in the Commonwealth which is qualified to furnish proof of financial responsibility defaults in any of its undertakings or agreements, the Commissioner shall not thereafter accept any certificate of that carrier so long as the default continues and shall revoke licenses previously granted on the basis of its policies unless the default is immediately repaired.

Code 1950, § 46-462; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-474; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-443. Chapter not applicable to certain policies of insurance.
This chapter does not apply to:

1. Policies of automobile insurance against liability which may now or hereafter be required by any other law of the Commonwealth and such policies if endorsed to the requirements of this chapter shall be accepted as proof of financial responsibility when required under this chapter; or

2. Policies insuring solely the insured named in the policy against liability resulting from the maintenance, use, or operation by persons in the insured's employ or in his behalf of motor vehicles not owned by the insured.

Code 1950, § 46-463; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-475; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-444. Surety requirements of bond.
The bond mentioned in subdivision 2 of § 46.2-436 shall be duly executed by the person giving proof and by a surety company duly authorized to transact business in the Commonwealth or by the person giving proof and by one or more individual sureties owning real estate within the Commonwealth and having an equity therein in at least the amount of the bond and the real estate shall be scheduled in the bond. But the Commissioner may not accept any real estate bond unless it is first approved by the circuit court of the jurisdiction wherein the real estate is located.

Code 1950, § 46-465; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-476; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-445. How bond to be conditioned.
The Commissioner shall not accept any bond unless it is conditioned for payments in amounts and under the same circumstances as would be required in a motor vehicle liability policy furnished by the person giving proof.

Code 1950, § 46-466; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-477; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-446. Notice to Commissioner prerequisite to cancellation of bond; cancellation not to affect rights arising prior thereto.
No bond shall be cancelled unless twenty days' prior written notice of cancellation is given the Commissioner, but cancellation of the bond shall not prevent recovery thereon with respect to any right or cause of action arising prior to the date of cancellation.

Code 1950, § 46-467; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-478; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-447. Bond to constitute lien on real estate of surety.
A bond with individual sureties shall constitute a lien in favor of the Commonwealth on the real estate of any individual surety. The lien shall exist in favor of any holder of any final judgment against the principal on account of damage to property or injury to or death of any person or persons resulting from the ownership, maintenance, use, or operation of his, or any other, motor vehicle, upon the recording of the bond in the office of the clerk of the court where deeds are admitted to record of the city or county where the real estate is located.

Code 1950, § 46-468; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-479; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-448. Notice of cancellation; record; fees.
Notice of cancellation is to be signed by the Commissioner or by someone designated by him and the seal of the Department placed thereon. Notwithstanding any other provision of law the clerk shall record the notice in the books kept for the recording of deeds and shall index the same in the indices thereto for grantors and grantees, under the respective names of the individual sureties in the column for grantors, and the Commonwealth of Virginia in the column for grantees, for which he shall receive two dollars and fifty cents to be paid by the principal in full payment of all services in connection with the recordation and release of the bond. The clerk shall place on the notice a statement showing the time of recording and the book and page of recording and return the notice to the Commissioner.

Code 1950, § 46-469; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-480; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-449. Cancellation of bond with individual sureties; certificates of cancellation.
When a bond with individual sureties filed with the Commissioner is no longer required under this chapter, the Commissioner shall, on request, cancel it as to liability for damage to property or injury to or death of any person or persons thereafter caused and when a bond has been cancelled by the Commissioner or otherwise he shall, on request, furnish a certificate of the cancellation signed by him or by someone designated by him and bearing the seal of the Department. The certificate, notwithstanding any other provision of law, may be recorded in the office of the clerk of the court in which the bond was admitted to record.

Code 1950, § 46-470; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-481; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-450. Order discharging lien of bond.
On satisfactory proof that the bond filed with the Commissioner as provided for in this chapter has been cancelled and that there are no claims or judgments against the principal in the bond on account of damage to property or injury to or death of any person or persons resulting from the ownership, maintenance, use, or operation of a motor vehicle of the principal caused while the bond was in effect, the court in which the bond was admitted to record may enter an order discharging the lien of the bond on the real estate of the sureties thereon, upon their petition and at their proper cost.

Code 1950, § 46-471; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-482; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-451. Action or suit on bond.
If a final judgment rendered against the principal on the bond filed with the Commissioner as provided in this chapter is not satisfied within fifteen days after its rendition, the judgment creditor may, for his own use and benefit and at his sole expense, bring an action on the bond in the name of the Commonwealth against the company or persons executing the bond.

Code 1950, § 46-472; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-483; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-452. Parties to suit on bond with individual sureties.
When the sureties on the bond filed with the Commissioner as provided in this chapter are individuals the judgment creditor may proceed against any or all parties to the bond at law for a judgment or in equity for a decree and foreclosure of the lien on the real estate of the sureties. The proceeding whether at law or in equity may be against one, all, or any intermediate number of the parties to the bond and when less than all are joined other or others may be impleaded in the same proceeding and after final judgment or decree other proceedings may be instituted until full satisfaction is obtained.

Code 1950, § 46-473; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-484; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-453. Proof of financial responsibility by delivering cash or securities.
A person may give proof of financial responsibility by delivering to the Commissioner cash or securities equal to the sum of the liability coverage required for bodily injury or death of two or more persons in any one accident and injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident as prescribed by § 46.2-472. Securities so deposited shall be such as public bodies may invest in according to § 2.2-4500.

Code 1950, § 46-474; 1954, c. 378; 1958, cc. 501, 541, § 46.1-485; 1968, c. 685; 1978, c. 220; 1980, c. 484; 1986, c. 16; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-454. Moneys or securities to be deposited with State Treasurer subject to execution.
All moneys or securities delivered to the Commissioner pursuant to this chapter shall be placed by him in the custody of the State Treasurer and shall be subject to execution to satisfy any judgment within the limits on amounts required by this chapter for motor vehicle liability insurance policies. The State Treasurer shall certify the value of such moneys or securities to the Commissioner as soon as practicable after their delivery to him.

Code 1950, § 46-475; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-486; 1986, c. 16; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-455. Assessment for expense of holding deposits.
For the purpose of defraying the expense of the safekeeping and handling of the cash or securities deposited with him under the provisions of this title, in December of each year the State Treasurer shall levy against each person having cash or securities deposited with him an assessment of not more than one-tenth of one percent of the cash or of the par value of the securities deposited to his account, and shall collect the assessment in January of each year. These funds shall be deposited to the general fund of the state treasury. If any assessment is not paid by January 31 of each year, the State Treasurer shall so notify the Commissioner in writing, attaching thereto a dated copy of the original assessment.

1986, c. 16, § 46.1-486.1; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-456. Additional security if fund impaired by any legal process, or otherwise.
Whenever the moneys or securities are subjected to attachment, garnishment, execution, or other legal process or are otherwise depleted or threatened with depletion or impairment in amount or value the depositor must immediately furnish additional moneys or securities, free from lien, claim, or threat of impairment, in sufficient amount or value fully to comply with the requirements of this chapter.

The Treasurer shall notify the Commissioner promptly of any depletion, impairment, or decrease or of any legal threat of depletion, impairment, or decrease in the value of the securities or in the moneys on deposit with him under the provisions of this chapter.

Code 1950, § 46-476; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-487; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-457. Substitution of new proof; cancellation or return of old.
The Commissioner may cancel any bond or return any certificate of insurance and on the substitution and acceptance by him of other adequate proof of financial responsibility pursuant to this chapter, and on his direction to such effect the State Treasurer shall return any money or securities on deposit with him to the person entitled to it.

Code 1950, § 46-477; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-488; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-458. Interpleader to determine rights in deposits; other proceedings.
The Commissioner and the State Treasurer, or either, may proceed in equity by bill of interpleader for the determination of any dispute as to ownership of or rights in any deposit held by the State Treasurer pursuant to this chapter and may have recourse to any other appropriate proceeding for determination of any question that arises as to their rights or liabilities or as to the rights or liabilities of the Commonwealth under this chapter.

Code 1950, § 46-478; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-489; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-459. When other proof of financial responsibility required; suspension of license pending furnishing of proof required.
Whenever any proof of financial responsibility filed by any person under this chapter no longer fulfills the purpose for which required, the Commissioner shall require other proof of financial responsibility as required by this chapter and shall suspend the person's driver's license, registration cards and license plates pending the furnishing of proof as required.

Nonpayment of the assessment provided for in § 46.2-455 shall also be reason for suspension of the driver's license, registration cards and license plates of a person offering cash or securities as proof of financial responsibility under this chapter. The suspension shall be promptly initiated by the Commissioner on receipt of written notice of nonpayment of the assessment from the State Treasurer and shall take effect ten days from the date of a written notice sent by the Commissioner to the person by first-class mail, the notice to notify the person of the forthcoming suspension if payment is not received within the ten-day period.

Code 1950, § 46-479; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-490; 1984, c. 780; 1986, c. 16; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-460. When Commissioner to consent to cancellation of bond or policy, or return of money or securities.
The Commissioner, on request and subject to the provisions of § 46.2-461, shall consent to the cancellation of any bond or insurance policy or to the return to the person entitled thereto of any money or securities deposited pursuant to this chapter as proof of financial responsibility or he shall not require proof of financial responsibility in the event:

1. Of the death of the person on whose behalf the proof was filed;

2. Of his permanent incapacity to operate a motor vehicle; or

3. That the person who has given proof of financial responsibility surrenders his driver's license, and all of his registration cards, and license plates to the Commissioner.

Code 1950, § 46-480; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-491; 1984, c. 780; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-461. When Commissioner not to release proof of financial responsibility; affidavit of nonexistence of facts.
A. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 46.2-460 the Commissioner shall not release the proof in the event:

1. Any action for damages upon a liability included in this chapter is then pending;

2. Any judgment on any liability is then outstanding and unsatisfied; or

3. The Commissioner has received notice that the person involved has within the period of twelve months immediately preceding been involved as a driver in any motor vehicle accident.

B. An affidavit of the applicant of the nonexistence of these facts shall be sufficient evidence thereof in the absence of evidence in the records of the Department tending to indicate the contrary.

Code 1950, § 46-481; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-492; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-462. New license or registration to person to whom proof surrendered.
Whenever any person to whom proof has been surrendered as provided in § 46.2-460 applies for a driver's license or the registration of a motor vehicle, the application shall be refused unless the applicant reestablishes proof as required by this chapter.

Code 1950, § 46-482; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-493; 1984, c. 780; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-463. Penalty for forging evidence of financial responsibility.
Any person who forges or without authority signs any evidence of ability to respond in damages or knowingly attempts to employ or use any evidence of ability to respond in damages, as required by the Commissioner in the administration of this chapter shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.

Code 1950, § 46-485; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-496; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-464. Application for assignment of risk to insurance carrier.
Every person who has been unable to obtain a motor vehicle liability policy shall have the right to apply to the State Corporation Commission to have his risk assigned to an insurance carrier licensed to write and writing motor vehicle liability insurance in the Commonwealth and the insurance carrier, whether a stock or mutual company, reciprocal, or interinsurance exchange, or other type or form of insurance organization, as provided in this article shall issue a motor vehicle liability policy which will meet at least the minimum requirements for establishing financial responsibility as provided in this chapter, and in addition shall provide, at the option of the insured, reasonable motor vehicle physical damage and medical payments coverages, (both as defined in § 38.2-124) in the same policy.

Every person who has otherwise obtained a motor vehicle liability insurance policy, or who has been afforded motor vehicle liability insurance under the provisions of § 38.2-2015, but who was not afforded motor vehicle medical payments insurance or motor vehicle physical damage insurance in the same policy, or who was not afforded such coverages under the provisions of that section, shall have the right to apply to the Commission to have his risk assigned to an insurance carrier, as provided above, licensed to write and writing either or both coverages, and the insurance carrier shall issue a policy providing the coverage or coverages applied for.

Code 1950, § 46-486; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-497; 1972, c. 842; 1974, c. 88; 1989, c. 727.
Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-465. Optional coverage for persons occupying insured motor vehicle and for named insured and his family.
Once an assigned risk policy has been issued to an insured, every insurer licensed in the Commonwealth issuing or delivering any policy or contract of bodily injury liability insurance, or of property damage liability insurance, covering liability arising from the ownership, maintenance, or use of any motor vehicle shall provide on request of the insured, on payment of premium established by law for the coverage (i) to the named insured and, while resident of the named insured's household, the spouse and relatives of the named insured while occupying a motor vehicle or if struck by a motor vehicle while not occupying a motor vehicle; and (ii) to persons occupying the insured motor vehicle, the following health care and disability benefit for each accident:

1. Medical and chiropractic payments (accident insurance as defined in Article 2, § 38.2-101 et seq. of Chapter 1 of Title 38.2) coverages incurred within two years after the date of the accident, up to $2,000 per person;

2. If the person is usually engaged in a remunerative occupation, an amount equal to the loss of income incurred within one year after the date of the accident resulting from injuries received in the accident up to $100 per week during the period from the first work day lost as a result of the accident up to the date on which the person is able to return to his usual occupation and for a period not to exceed fifty-two weeks or any part thereof; and

3. The insured has the option of purchasing either or both of the coverages set forth in subdivisions 1 and 2 of this section.

1972, c. 859, § 46.1-497.1; 1973, c. 294; 1977, c. 112; 1982, c. 450; 1989, c. 727.

Code of Virginia — Title 46.2 (Motor Vehicles), Chapter 3 (LICENSURE OF DRIVERS)
§ 46.2-466. Regulations for assignment, rate classifications, and schedules.
The Commission may make reasonable regulations for the assignment of risks to insurance carriers.

It shall establish rate classifications, rating schedules, rates, and regulations to be used by insurance carriers issuing assigned risk, policies of motor vehicle liability, physical damage, and medical payments insurance in accordance with this chapter as appear to it to be proper.

In the establishment of rate classifications, rating schedules, rates, and regulations, it shall be guided by the principles and practices which have been established under its statutory authority to regulate motor vehicle liability, physical damage, and medical payments insurance rates and it may act in conformity with its statutory discretionary authority in such matters.

Code 1950, § 46-487; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-498; 1972, c. 842; 1989, c. 727.