Commit message: vhdx: Bounds checking for block_size and logical_sector_size (CVE-2014-0148)

Other variables (e.g. sectors_per_block) are calculated using these
variables, and if not range-checked illegal values could be obtained
causing infinite loops and other potential issues when calculating
BAT entries.

The 1.00 VHDX spec requires BlockSize to be min 1MB, max 256MB.
LogicalSectorSize is required to be either 512 or 4096 bytes.

Reported-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Cody <jcody@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
CVE: CVE-2014-0148
CWE: CWE-835
Vulnerability description: Qemu before 2.0 block driver for Hyper-V VHDX Images is vulnerable to infinite loops and other potential issues when calculating BAT entries, due to missing bounds checks for block_size and logical_sector_size variables. These are used to derive other fields like 'sectors_per_block' etc. A user able to alter the Qemu disk image could ise this flaw to crash the Qemu instance resulting in DoS.

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
{
    BDRVVHDXState *s = bs->opaque;

    bdi->cluster_size = s->block_size;

    bdi->unallocated_blocks_are_zero =
        (s->params.data_bits & VHDX_PARAMS_HAS_PARENT) == 0;

    return 0;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_region_register(BDRVVHDXState *s,
                                 uint64_t start, uint64_t length)
{
    VHDXRegionEntry *r;

    r = g_malloc0(sizeof(*r));

    r->start = start;
    r->end = start + length;

    QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&s->regions, r, entries);
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_create_new_headers(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t image_size,
                                   uint32_t log_size)
{
    int ret = 0;
    VHDXHeader *hdr = NULL;

    hdr = g_malloc0(sizeof(VHDXHeader));

    hdr->signature       = VHDX_HEADER_SIGNATURE;
    hdr->sequence_number = g_random_int();
    hdr->log_version     = 0;
    hdr->version         = 1;
    hdr->log_length      = log_size;
    hdr->log_offset      = VHDX_HEADER_SECTION_END;
    vhdx_guid_generate(&hdr->file_write_guid);
    vhdx_guid_generate(&hdr->data_write_guid);

    ret = vhdx_write_header(bs, hdr, VHDX_HEADER1_OFFSET, false);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }
    hdr->sequence_number++;
    ret = vhdx_write_header(bs, hdr, VHDX_HEADER2_OFFSET, false);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }

exit:
    g_free(hdr);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_allocate_block(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
                                    uint64_t *new_offset)
{
    *new_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);

    /* per the spec, the address for a block is in units of 1MB */
    *new_offset = ROUND_UP(*new_offset, 1024 * 1024);

    return bdrv_truncate(bs->file, *new_offset + s->block_size);
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_set_shift_bits(BDRVVHDXState *s)
{
    s->logical_sector_size_bits = 31 - clz32(s->logical_sector_size);
    s->sectors_per_block_bits =   31 - clz32(s->sectors_per_block);
    s->chunk_ratio_bits =         63 - clz64(s->chunk_ratio);
    s->block_size_bits =          31 - clz32(s->block_size);
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_calc_bat_entries(BDRVVHDXState *s)
{
    uint32_t data_blocks_cnt, bitmap_blocks_cnt;

    data_blocks_cnt = s->virtual_disk_size >> s->block_size_bits;
    if (s->virtual_disk_size - (data_blocks_cnt << s->block_size_bits)) {
        data_blocks_cnt++;
    }
    bitmap_blocks_cnt = data_blocks_cnt >> s->chunk_ratio_bits;
    if (data_blocks_cnt - (bitmap_blocks_cnt << s->chunk_ratio_bits)) {
        bitmap_blocks_cnt++;
    }

    if (s->parent_entries) {
        s->bat_entries = bitmap_blocks_cnt * (s->chunk_ratio + 1);
    } else {
        s->bat_entries = data_blocks_cnt +
                         ((data_blocks_cnt - 1) >> s->chunk_ratio_bits);
    }

}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_create_new_region_table(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                        uint64_t image_size,
                                        uint32_t block_size,
                                        uint32_t sector_size,
                                        uint32_t log_size,
                                        bool use_zero_blocks,
                                        VHDXImageType type,
                                        uint64_t *metadata_offset)
{
    int ret = 0;
    uint32_t offset = 0;
    void *buffer = NULL;
    BDRVVHDXState *s = NULL;
    VHDXRegionTableHeader *region_table;
    VHDXRegionTableEntry *rt_bat;
    VHDXRegionTableEntry *rt_metadata;

    assert(metadata_offset != NULL);

    /* Populate enough of the BDRVVHDXState to be able to use the
     * pre-existing BAT calculation, translation, and update functions */
    s = g_malloc0(sizeof(BDRVVHDXState));

    s->chunk_ratio = (VHDX_MAX_SECTORS_PER_BLOCK) *
                     (uint64_t) sector_size / (uint64_t) block_size;

    s->sectors_per_block = block_size / sector_size;
    s->virtual_disk_size = image_size;
    s->block_size = block_size;
    s->logical_sector_size = sector_size;

    vhdx_set_shift_bits(s);

    vhdx_calc_bat_entries(s);

    /* At this point the VHDX state is populated enough for creation */

    /* a single buffer is used so we can calculate the checksum over the
     * entire 64KB block */
    buffer = g_malloc0(VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);
    region_table = buffer;
    offset += sizeof(VHDXRegionTableHeader);
    rt_bat = buffer + offset;
    offset += sizeof(VHDXRegionTableEntry);
    rt_metadata  = buffer + offset;

    region_table->signature = VHDX_REGION_SIGNATURE;
    region_table->entry_count = 2;   /* BAT and Metadata */

    rt_bat->guid        = bat_guid;
    rt_bat->length      = ROUND_UP(s->bat_entries * sizeof(VHDXBatEntry), MiB);
    rt_bat->file_offset = ROUND_UP(VHDX_HEADER_SECTION_END + log_size, MiB);
    s->bat_offset = rt_bat->file_offset;

    rt_metadata->guid        = metadata_guid;
    rt_metadata->file_offset = ROUND_UP(rt_bat->file_offset + rt_bat->length,
                                        MiB);
    rt_metadata->length      = 1 * MiB; /* min size, and more than enough */
    *metadata_offset = rt_metadata->file_offset;

    vhdx_update_checksum(buffer, VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE,
                         offsetof(VHDXRegionTableHeader, checksum));


    /* The region table gives us the data we need to create the BAT,
     * so do that now */
    ret = vhdx_create_bat(bs, s, image_size, type, use_zero_blocks, rt_bat);

    /* Now write out the region headers to disk */
    vhdx_region_header_le_export(region_table);
    vhdx_region_entry_le_export(rt_bat);
    vhdx_region_entry_le_export(rt_metadata);

    ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, VHDX_REGION_TABLE_OFFSET, buffer,
                      VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }

    ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, VHDX_REGION_TABLE2_OFFSET, buffer,
                      VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }


exit:
    g_free(s);
    g_free(buffer);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

bool vhdx_checksum_is_valid(uint8_t *buf, size_t size, int crc_offset)
{
    uint32_t crc_orig;
    uint32_t crc;

    assert(buf != NULL);
    assert(size > (crc_offset + 4));

    memcpy(&crc_orig, buf + crc_offset, sizeof(crc_orig));
    crc_orig = le32_to_cpu(crc_orig);

    crc = vhdx_checksum_calc(0xffffffff, buf, size, crc_offset);

    return crc == crc_orig;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_create_new_metadata(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                    uint64_t image_size,
                                    uint32_t block_size,
                                    uint32_t sector_size,
                                    uint64_t metadata_offset,
                                    VHDXImageType type)
{
    int ret = 0;
    uint32_t offset = 0;
    void *buffer = NULL;
    void *entry_buffer;
    VHDXMetadataTableHeader *md_table;;
    VHDXMetadataTableEntry  *md_table_entry;

    /* Metadata entries */
    VHDXFileParameters     *mt_file_params;
    VHDXVirtualDiskSize    *mt_virtual_size;
    VHDXPage83Data         *mt_page83;
    VHDXVirtualDiskLogicalSectorSize  *mt_log_sector_size;
    VHDXVirtualDiskPhysicalSectorSize *mt_phys_sector_size;

    entry_buffer = g_malloc0(sizeof(VHDXFileParameters)               +
                             sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskSize)              +
                             sizeof(VHDXPage83Data)                   +
                             sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskLogicalSectorSize) +
                             sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskPhysicalSectorSize));

    mt_file_params = entry_buffer;
    offset += sizeof(VHDXFileParameters);
    mt_virtual_size = entry_buffer + offset;
    offset += sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskSize);
    mt_page83 = entry_buffer + offset;
    offset += sizeof(VHDXPage83Data);
    mt_log_sector_size = entry_buffer + offset;
    offset += sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskLogicalSectorSize);
    mt_phys_sector_size = entry_buffer + offset;

    mt_file_params->block_size = cpu_to_le32(block_size);
    if (type == VHDX_TYPE_FIXED) {
        mt_file_params->data_bits |= VHDX_PARAMS_LEAVE_BLOCKS_ALLOCED;
        cpu_to_le32s(&mt_file_params->data_bits);
    }

    vhdx_guid_generate(&mt_page83->page_83_data);
    cpu_to_leguids(&mt_page83->page_83_data);
    mt_virtual_size->virtual_disk_size        = cpu_to_le64(image_size);
    mt_log_sector_size->logical_sector_size   = cpu_to_le32(sector_size);
    mt_phys_sector_size->physical_sector_size = cpu_to_le32(sector_size);

    buffer = g_malloc0(VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);
    md_table = buffer;

    md_table->signature   = VHDX_METADATA_SIGNATURE;
    md_table->entry_count = 5;
    vhdx_metadata_header_le_export(md_table);


    /* This will reference beyond the reserved table portion */
    offset = 64 * KiB;

    md_table_entry = buffer + sizeof(VHDXMetadataTableHeader);

    md_table_entry[0].item_id = file_param_guid;
    md_table_entry[0].offset  = offset;
    md_table_entry[0].length  = sizeof(VHDXFileParameters);
    md_table_entry[0].data_bits |= VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_REQUIRED;
    offset += md_table_entry[0].length;
    vhdx_metadata_entry_le_export(&md_table_entry[0]);

    md_table_entry[1].item_id = virtual_size_guid;
    md_table_entry[1].offset  = offset;
    md_table_entry[1].length  = sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskSize);
    md_table_entry[1].data_bits |= VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_REQUIRED |
                                   VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_VIRTUAL_DISK;
    offset += md_table_entry[1].length;
    vhdx_metadata_entry_le_export(&md_table_entry[1]);

    md_table_entry[2].item_id = page83_guid;
    md_table_entry[2].offset  = offset;
    md_table_entry[2].length  = sizeof(VHDXPage83Data);
    md_table_entry[2].data_bits |= VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_REQUIRED |
                                   VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_VIRTUAL_DISK;
    offset += md_table_entry[2].length;
    vhdx_metadata_entry_le_export(&md_table_entry[2]);

    md_table_entry[3].item_id = logical_sector_guid;
    md_table_entry[3].offset  = offset;
    md_table_entry[3].length  = sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskLogicalSectorSize);
    md_table_entry[3].data_bits |= VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_REQUIRED |
                                   VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_VIRTUAL_DISK;
    offset += md_table_entry[3].length;
    vhdx_metadata_entry_le_export(&md_table_entry[3]);

    md_table_entry[4].item_id = phys_sector_guid;
    md_table_entry[4].offset  = offset;
    md_table_entry[4].length  = sizeof(VHDXVirtualDiskPhysicalSectorSize);
    md_table_entry[4].data_bits |= VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_REQUIRED |
                                   VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_VIRTUAL_DISK;
    vhdx_metadata_entry_le_export(&md_table_entry[4]);

    ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, metadata_offset, buffer, VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }

    ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, metadata_offset + (64 * KiB), entry_buffer,
                      VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }


exit:
    g_free(buffer);
    g_free(entry_buffer);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_check(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *result,
                       BdrvCheckMode fix)
{
    BDRVVHDXState *s = bs->opaque;

    if (s->log_replayed_on_open) {
        result->corruptions_fixed++;
    }
    return 0;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    BDRVVHDXState *s = bs->opaque;
    qemu_vfree(s->headers[0]);
    s->headers[0] = NULL;
    qemu_vfree(s->headers[1]);
    s->headers[1] = NULL;
    qemu_vfree(s->bat);
    s->bat = NULL;
    qemu_vfree(s->parent_entries);
    s->parent_entries = NULL;
    migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
    error_free(s->migration_blocker);
    qemu_vfree(s->log.hdr);
    s->log.hdr = NULL;
    vhdx_region_unregister_all(s);
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_update_bat_table_entry(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
                                       VHDXSectorInfo *sinfo,
                                       uint64_t *bat_entry_le,
                                       uint64_t *bat_offset, int state)
{
    /* The BAT entry is a uint64, with 44 bits for the file offset in units of
     * 1MB, and 3 bits for the block state. */
    s->bat[sinfo->bat_idx]  = sinfo->file_offset;

    s->bat[sinfo->bat_idx] |= state & VHDX_BAT_STATE_BIT_MASK;

    *bat_entry_le = cpu_to_le64(s->bat[sinfo->bat_idx]);
    *bat_offset = s->bat_offset + sinfo->bat_idx * sizeof(VHDXBatEntry);

}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_region_check(BDRVVHDXState *s, uint64_t start, uint64_t length)
{
    int ret = 0;
    uint64_t end;
    VHDXRegionEntry *r;

    end = start + length;
    QLIST_FOREACH(r, &s->regions, entries) {
        if (!((start >= r->end) || (end <= r->start))) {
            ret = -EINVAL;
            goto exit;
        }
    }

exit:
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_parse_metadata(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s)
{
    int ret = 0;
    uint8_t *buffer;
    int offset = 0;
    uint32_t i = 0;
    VHDXMetadataTableEntry md_entry;

    buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs, VHDX_METADATA_TABLE_MAX_SIZE);

    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->metadata_rt.file_offset, buffer,
                     VHDX_METADATA_TABLE_MAX_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }
    memcpy(&s->metadata_hdr, buffer, sizeof(s->metadata_hdr));
    offset += sizeof(s->metadata_hdr);

    vhdx_metadata_header_le_import(&s->metadata_hdr);

    if (memcmp(&s->metadata_hdr.signature, "metadata", 8)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }

    s->metadata_entries.present = 0;

    if ((s->metadata_hdr.entry_count * sizeof(md_entry)) >
        (VHDX_METADATA_TABLE_MAX_SIZE - offset)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < s->metadata_hdr.entry_count; i++) {
        memcpy(&md_entry, buffer + offset, sizeof(md_entry));
        offset += sizeof(md_entry);

        vhdx_metadata_entry_le_import(&md_entry);

        if (guid_eq(md_entry.item_id, file_param_guid)) {
            if (s->metadata_entries.present & META_FILE_PARAMETER_PRESENT) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto exit;
            }
            s->metadata_entries.file_parameters_entry = md_entry;
            s->metadata_entries.present |= META_FILE_PARAMETER_PRESENT;
            continue;
        }

        if (guid_eq(md_entry.item_id, virtual_size_guid)) {
            if (s->metadata_entries.present & META_VIRTUAL_DISK_SIZE_PRESENT) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto exit;
            }
            s->metadata_entries.virtual_disk_size_entry = md_entry;
            s->metadata_entries.present |= META_VIRTUAL_DISK_SIZE_PRESENT;
            continue;
        }

        if (guid_eq(md_entry.item_id, page83_guid)) {
            if (s->metadata_entries.present & META_PAGE_83_PRESENT) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto exit;
            }
            s->metadata_entries.page83_data_entry = md_entry;
            s->metadata_entries.present |= META_PAGE_83_PRESENT;
            continue;
        }

        if (guid_eq(md_entry.item_id, logical_sector_guid)) {
            if (s->metadata_entries.present &
                META_LOGICAL_SECTOR_SIZE_PRESENT) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto exit;
            }
            s->metadata_entries.logical_sector_size_entry = md_entry;
            s->metadata_entries.present |= META_LOGICAL_SECTOR_SIZE_PRESENT;
            continue;
        }

        if (guid_eq(md_entry.item_id, phys_sector_guid)) {
            if (s->metadata_entries.present & META_PHYS_SECTOR_SIZE_PRESENT) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto exit;
            }
            s->metadata_entries.phys_sector_size_entry = md_entry;
            s->metadata_entries.present |= META_PHYS_SECTOR_SIZE_PRESENT;
            continue;
        }

        if (guid_eq(md_entry.item_id, parent_locator_guid)) {
            if (s->metadata_entries.present & META_PARENT_LOCATOR_PRESENT) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto exit;
            }
            s->metadata_entries.parent_locator_entry = md_entry;
            s->metadata_entries.present |= META_PARENT_LOCATOR_PRESENT;
            continue;
        }

        if (md_entry.data_bits & VHDX_META_FLAGS_IS_REQUIRED) {
            /* cannot read vhdx file - required region table entry that
             * we do not understand.  per spec, we must fail to open */
            ret = -ENOTSUP;
            goto exit;
        }
    }

    if (s->metadata_entries.present != META_ALL_PRESENT) {
        ret = -ENOTSUP;
        goto exit;
    }

    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file,
                     s->metadata_entries.file_parameters_entry.offset
                                         + s->metadata_rt.file_offset,
                     &s->params,
                     sizeof(s->params));

    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }

    le32_to_cpus(&s->params.block_size);
    le32_to_cpus(&s->params.data_bits);


    /* We now have the file parameters, so we can tell if this is a
     * differencing file (i.e.. has_parent), is dynamic or fixed
     * sized (leave_blocks_allocated), and the block size */

    /* The parent locator required iff the file parameters has_parent set */
    if (s->params.data_bits & VHDX_PARAMS_HAS_PARENT) {
        if (s->metadata_entries.present & META_PARENT_LOCATOR_PRESENT) {
            /* TODO: parse  parent locator fields */
            ret = -ENOTSUP; /* temp, until differencing files are supported */
            goto exit;
        } else {
            /* if has_parent is set, but there is not parent locator present,
             * then that is an invalid combination */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            goto exit;
        }
    }

    /* determine virtual disk size, logical sector size,
     * and phys sector size */

    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file,
                     s->metadata_entries.virtual_disk_size_entry.offset
                                           + s->metadata_rt.file_offset,
                     &s->virtual_disk_size,
                     sizeof(uint64_t));
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }
    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file,
                     s->metadata_entries.logical_sector_size_entry.offset
                                             + s->metadata_rt.file_offset,
                     &s->logical_sector_size,
                     sizeof(uint32_t));
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }
    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file,
                     s->metadata_entries.phys_sector_size_entry.offset
                                          + s->metadata_rt.file_offset,
                     &s->physical_sector_size,
                     sizeof(uint32_t));
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }

    le64_to_cpus(&s->virtual_disk_size);
    le32_to_cpus(&s->logical_sector_size);
    le32_to_cpus(&s->physical_sector_size);

    if (s->params.block_size < VHDX_BLOCK_SIZE_MIN ||
        s->params.block_size > VHDX_BLOCK_SIZE_MAX) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }

    /* only 2 supported sector sizes */
    if (s->logical_sector_size != 512 && s->logical_sector_size != 4096) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }

    /* Both block_size and sector_size are guaranteed powers of 2, below.
       Due to range checks above, s->sectors_per_block can never be < 256 */
    s->sectors_per_block = s->params.block_size / s->logical_sector_size;
    s->chunk_ratio = (VHDX_MAX_SECTORS_PER_BLOCK) *
                     (uint64_t)s->logical_sector_size /
                     (uint64_t)s->params.block_size;

    /* These values are ones we will want to use for division / multiplication
     * later on, and they are all guaranteed (per the spec) to be powers of 2,
     * so we can take advantage of that for shift operations during
     * reads/writes */
    if (s->logical_sector_size & (s->logical_sector_size - 1)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }
    if (s->sectors_per_block & (s->sectors_per_block - 1)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }
    if (s->chunk_ratio & (s->chunk_ratio - 1)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }
    s->block_size = s->params.block_size;
    if (s->block_size & (s->block_size - 1)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }

    vhdx_set_shift_bits(s);

    ret = 0;

exit:
    qemu_vfree(buffer);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

int vhdx_update_headers(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
                        bool generate_data_write_guid, MSGUID *log_guid)
{
    int ret;

    ret = vhdx_update_header(bs, s, generate_data_write_guid, log_guid);
    if (ret < 0) {
        return ret;
    }
    ret = vhdx_update_header(bs, s, generate_data_write_guid, log_guid);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static coroutine_fn int vhdx_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
                                      int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
{
    int ret = -ENOTSUP;
    BDRVVHDXState *s = bs->opaque;
    VHDXSectorInfo sinfo;
    uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
    uint64_t bat_entry = 0;
    uint64_t bat_entry_offset = 0;
    QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
    struct iovec iov1 = { 0 };
    struct iovec iov2 = { 0 };
    int sectors_to_write;
    int bat_state;
    uint64_t bat_prior_offset = 0;
    bool bat_update = false;

    qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov);

    qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);

    ret = vhdx_user_visible_write(bs, s);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }

    while (nb_sectors > 0) {
        bool use_zero_buffers = false;
        bat_update = false;
        if (s->params.data_bits & VHDX_PARAMS_HAS_PARENT) {
            /* not supported yet */
            ret = -ENOTSUP;
            goto exit;
        } else {
            vhdx_block_translate(s, sector_num, nb_sectors, &sinfo);
            sectors_to_write = sinfo.sectors_avail;

            qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
            /* check the payload block state */
            bat_state = s->bat[sinfo.bat_idx] & VHDX_BAT_STATE_BIT_MASK;
            switch (bat_state) {
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_ZERO:
                /* in this case, we need to preserve zero writes for
                 * data that is not part of this write, so we must pad
                 * the rest of the buffer to zeroes */

                /* if we are on a posix system with ftruncate() that extends
                 * a file, then it is zero-filled for us.  On Win32, the raw
                 * layer uses SetFilePointer and SetFileEnd, which does not
                 * zero fill AFAIK */

                /* Queue another write of zero buffers if the underlying file
                 * does not zero-fill on file extension */

                if (bdrv_has_zero_init(bs->file) == 0) {
                    use_zero_buffers = true;

                    /* zero fill the front, if any */
                    if (sinfo.block_offset) {
                        iov1.iov_len = sinfo.block_offset;
                        iov1.iov_base = qemu_blockalign(bs, iov1.iov_len);
                        memset(iov1.iov_base, 0, iov1.iov_len);
                        qemu_iovec_concat_iov(&hd_qiov, &iov1, 1, 0,
                                              sinfo.block_offset);
                        sectors_to_write += iov1.iov_len >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
                    }

                    /* our actual data */
                    qemu_iovec_concat(&hd_qiov, qiov,  bytes_done,
                                      sinfo.bytes_avail);

                    /* zero fill the back, if any */
                    if ((sinfo.bytes_avail - sinfo.block_offset) <
                         s->block_size) {
                        iov2.iov_len = s->block_size -
                                      (sinfo.bytes_avail + sinfo.block_offset);
                        iov2.iov_base = qemu_blockalign(bs, iov2.iov_len);
                        memset(iov2.iov_base, 0, iov2.iov_len);
                        qemu_iovec_concat_iov(&hd_qiov, &iov2, 1, 0,
                                              sinfo.block_offset);
                        sectors_to_write += iov2.iov_len >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
                    }
                }

                /* fall through */
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_NOT_PRESENT: /* fall through */
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_UNMAPPED:    /* fall through */
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_UNDEFINED:   /* fall through */
                bat_prior_offset = sinfo.file_offset;
                ret = vhdx_allocate_block(bs, s, &sinfo.file_offset);
                if (ret < 0) {
                    goto exit;
                }
                /* once we support differencing files, this may also be
                 * partially present */
                /* update block state to the newly specified state */
                vhdx_update_bat_table_entry(bs, s, &sinfo, &bat_entry,
                                            &bat_entry_offset,
                                            PAYLOAD_BLOCK_FULLY_PRESENT);
                bat_update = true;
                /* since we just allocated a block, file_offset is the
                 * beginning of the payload block. It needs to be the
                 * write address, which includes the offset into the block */
                if (!use_zero_buffers) {
                    sinfo.file_offset += sinfo.block_offset;
                }
                /* fall through */
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_FULLY_PRESENT:
                /* if the file offset address is in the header zone,
                 * there is a problem */
                if (sinfo.file_offset < (1024 * 1024)) {
                    ret = -EFAULT;
                    goto error_bat_restore;
                }

                if (!use_zero_buffers) {
                    qemu_iovec_concat(&hd_qiov, qiov,  bytes_done,
                                      sinfo.bytes_avail);
                }
                /* block exists, so we can just overwrite it */
                qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
                ret = bdrv_co_writev(bs->file,
                                    sinfo.file_offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                                    sectors_to_write, &hd_qiov);
                qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
                if (ret < 0) {
                    goto error_bat_restore;
                }
                break;
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_PARTIALLY_PRESENT:
                /* we don't yet support difference files, fall through
                 * to error */
            default:
                ret = -EIO;
                goto exit;
                break;
            }

            if (bat_update) {
                /* this will update the BAT entry into the log journal, and
                 * then flush the log journal out to disk */
                ret =  vhdx_log_write_and_flush(bs, s, &bat_entry,
                                                sizeof(VHDXBatEntry),
                                                bat_entry_offset);
                if (ret < 0) {
                    goto exit;
                }
            }

            nb_sectors -= sinfo.sectors_avail;
            sector_num += sinfo.sectors_avail;
            bytes_done += sinfo.bytes_avail;

        }
    }

    goto exit;

error_bat_restore:
    if (bat_update) {
        /* keep metadata in sync, and restore the bat entry state
         * if error. */
        sinfo.file_offset = bat_prior_offset;
        vhdx_update_bat_table_entry(bs, s, &sinfo, &bat_entry,
                                    &bat_entry_offset, bat_state);
    }
exit:
    qemu_vfree(iov1.iov_base);
    qemu_vfree(iov2.iov_base);
    qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
    qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_parse_header(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
                              Error **errp)
{
    int ret;
    VHDXHeader *header1;
    VHDXHeader *header2;
    bool h1_valid = false;
    bool h2_valid = false;
    uint64_t h1_seq = 0;
    uint64_t h2_seq = 0;
    uint8_t *buffer;

    /* header1 & header2 are freed in vhdx_close() */
    header1 = qemu_blockalign(bs, sizeof(VHDXHeader));
    header2 = qemu_blockalign(bs, sizeof(VHDXHeader));

    buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE);

    s->headers[0] = header1;
    s->headers[1] = header2;

    /* We have to read the whole VHDX_HEADER_SIZE instead of
     * sizeof(VHDXHeader), because the checksum is over the whole
     * region */
    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, VHDX_HEADER1_OFFSET, buffer, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }
    /* copy over just the relevant portion that we need */
    memcpy(header1, buffer, sizeof(VHDXHeader));
    vhdx_header_le_import(header1);

    if (vhdx_checksum_is_valid(buffer, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE, 4) &&
        !memcmp(&header1->signature, "head", 4)             &&
        header1->version == 1) {
        h1_seq = header1->sequence_number;
        h1_valid = true;
    }

    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, VHDX_HEADER2_OFFSET, buffer, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }
    /* copy over just the relevant portion that we need */
    memcpy(header2, buffer, sizeof(VHDXHeader));
    vhdx_header_le_import(header2);

    if (vhdx_checksum_is_valid(buffer, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE, 4) &&
        !memcmp(&header2->signature, "head", 4)             &&
        header2->version == 1) {
        h2_seq = header2->sequence_number;
        h2_valid = true;
    }

    /* If there is only 1 valid header (or no valid headers), we
     * don't care what the sequence numbers are */
    if (h1_valid && !h2_valid) {
        s->curr_header = 0;
    } else if (!h1_valid && h2_valid) {
        s->curr_header = 1;
    } else if (!h1_valid && !h2_valid) {
        goto fail;
    } else {
        /* If both headers are valid, then we choose the active one by the
         * highest sequence number.  If the sequence numbers are equal, that is
         * invalid */
        if (h1_seq > h2_seq) {
            s->curr_header = 0;
        } else if (h2_seq > h1_seq) {
            s->curr_header = 1;
        } else {
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    vhdx_region_register(s, s->headers[s->curr_header]->log_offset,
                            s->headers[s->curr_header]->log_length);
    goto exit;

fail:
    error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "No valid VHDX header found");
    qemu_vfree(header1);
    qemu_vfree(header2);
    s->headers[0] = NULL;
    s->headers[1] = NULL;
exit:
    qemu_vfree(buffer);
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static coroutine_fn int vhdx_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
                                      int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
{
    BDRVVHDXState *s = bs->opaque;
    int ret = 0;
    VHDXSectorInfo sinfo;
    uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
    QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;

    qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov);

    qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);

    while (nb_sectors > 0) {
        /* We are a differencing file, so we need to inspect the sector bitmap
         * to see if we have the data or not */
        if (s->params.data_bits & VHDX_PARAMS_HAS_PARENT) {
            /* not supported yet */
            ret = -ENOTSUP;
            goto exit;
        } else {
            vhdx_block_translate(s, sector_num, nb_sectors, &sinfo);

            qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
            qemu_iovec_concat(&hd_qiov, qiov,  bytes_done, sinfo.bytes_avail);

            /* check the payload block state */
            switch (s->bat[sinfo.bat_idx] & VHDX_BAT_STATE_BIT_MASK) {
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_NOT_PRESENT: /* fall through */
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_UNDEFINED:   /* fall through */
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_UNMAPPED:    /* fall through */
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_ZERO:
                /* return zero */
                qemu_iovec_memset(&hd_qiov, 0, 0, sinfo.bytes_avail);
                break;
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_FULLY_PRESENT:
                qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
                ret = bdrv_co_readv(bs->file,
                                    sinfo.file_offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                                    sinfo.sectors_avail, &hd_qiov);
                qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
                if (ret < 0) {
                    goto exit;
                }
                break;
            case PAYLOAD_BLOCK_PARTIALLY_PRESENT:
                /* we don't yet support difference files, fall through
                 * to error */
            default:
                ret = -EIO;
                goto exit;
                break;
            }
            nb_sectors -= sinfo.sectors_avail;
            sector_num += sinfo.sectors_avail;
            bytes_done += sinfo.bytes_avail;
        }
    }
    ret = 0;
exit:
    qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
    qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_write_header(BlockDriverState *bs_file, VHDXHeader *hdr,
                             uint64_t offset, bool read)
{
    uint8_t *buffer = NULL;
    int ret;
    VHDXHeader header_le;

    assert(bs_file != NULL);
    assert(hdr != NULL);

    /* the header checksum is not over just the packed size of VHDXHeader,
     * but rather over the entire 'reserved' range for the header, which is
     * 4KB (VHDX_HEADER_SIZE). */

    buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs_file, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE);
    if (read) {
        /* if true, we can't assume the extra reserved bytes are 0 */
        ret = bdrv_pread(bs_file, offset, buffer, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE);
        if (ret < 0) {
            goto exit;
        }
    } else {
        memset(buffer, 0, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE);
    }

    /* overwrite the actual VHDXHeader portion */
    memcpy(buffer, hdr, sizeof(VHDXHeader));
    hdr->checksum = vhdx_update_checksum(buffer, VHDX_HEADER_SIZE,
                                         offsetof(VHDXHeader, checksum));
    vhdx_header_le_export(hdr, &header_le);
    ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs_file, offset, &header_le, sizeof(VHDXHeader));

exit:
    qemu_vfree(buffer);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

uint32_t vhdx_checksum_calc(uint32_t crc, uint8_t *buf, size_t size,
                            int crc_offset)
{
    uint32_t crc_new;
    uint32_t crc_orig;
    assert(buf != NULL);

    if (crc_offset > 0) {
        memcpy(&crc_orig, buf + crc_offset, sizeof(crc_orig));
        memset(buf + crc_offset, 0, sizeof(crc_orig));
    }

    crc_new = crc32c(crc, buf, size);
    if (crc_offset > 0) {
        memcpy(buf + crc_offset, &crc_orig, sizeof(crc_orig));
    }

    return crc_new;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

void vhdx_guid_generate(MSGUID *guid)
{
    uuid_t uuid;
    assert(guid != NULL);

    uuid_generate(uuid);
    memcpy(guid, uuid, sizeof(MSGUID));
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_create_bat(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
                           uint64_t image_size, VHDXImageType type,
                           bool use_zero_blocks, VHDXRegionTableEntry *rt_bat)
{
    int ret = 0;
    uint64_t data_file_offset;
    uint64_t total_sectors = 0;
    uint64_t sector_num = 0;
    uint64_t unused;
    int block_state;
    VHDXSectorInfo sinfo;

    assert(s->bat == NULL);

    /* this gives a data start after BAT/bitmap entries, and well
     * past any metadata entries (with a 4 MB buffer for future
     * expansion */
    data_file_offset = rt_bat->file_offset + rt_bat->length + 5 * MiB;
    total_sectors = image_size >> s->logical_sector_size_bits;

    if (type == VHDX_TYPE_DYNAMIC) {
        /* All zeroes, so we can just extend the file - the end of the BAT
         * is the furthest thing we have written yet */
        ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, data_file_offset);
        if (ret < 0) {
            goto exit;
        }
    } else if (type == VHDX_TYPE_FIXED) {
        ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, data_file_offset + image_size);
        if (ret < 0) {
            goto exit;
        }
    } else {
        ret = -ENOTSUP;
        goto exit;
    }

    if (type == VHDX_TYPE_FIXED ||
                use_zero_blocks ||
                bdrv_has_zero_init(bs) == 0) {
        /* for a fixed file, the default BAT entry is not zero */
        s->bat = g_malloc0(rt_bat->length);
        block_state = type == VHDX_TYPE_FIXED ? PAYLOAD_BLOCK_FULLY_PRESENT :
                                                PAYLOAD_BLOCK_NOT_PRESENT;
        block_state = use_zero_blocks ? PAYLOAD_BLOCK_ZERO : block_state;
        /* fill the BAT by emulating sector writes of sectors_per_block size */
        while (sector_num < total_sectors) {
            vhdx_block_translate(s, sector_num, s->sectors_per_block, &sinfo);
            sinfo.file_offset = data_file_offset +
                                (sector_num << s->logical_sector_size_bits);
            sinfo.file_offset = ROUND_UP(sinfo.file_offset, MiB);
            vhdx_update_bat_table_entry(bs, s, &sinfo, &unused, &unused,
                                        block_state);
            cpu_to_le64s(&s->bat[sinfo.bat_idx]);
            sector_num += s->sectors_per_block;
        }
        ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, rt_bat->file_offset, s->bat, rt_bat->length);
        if (ret < 0) {
            goto exit;
        }
    }



exit:
    g_free(s->bat);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_block_translate(BDRVVHDXState *s, int64_t sector_num,
                                 int nb_sectors, VHDXSectorInfo *sinfo)
{
    uint32_t block_offset;

    sinfo->bat_idx = sector_num >> s->sectors_per_block_bits;
    /* effectively a modulo - this gives us the offset into the block
     * (in sector sizes) for our sector number */
    block_offset = sector_num - (sinfo->bat_idx << s->sectors_per_block_bits);
    /* the chunk ratio gives us the interleaving of the sector
     * bitmaps, so we need to advance our page block index by the
     * sector bitmaps entry number */
    sinfo->bat_idx += sinfo->bat_idx >> s->chunk_ratio_bits;

    /* the number of sectors we can read/write in this cycle */
    sinfo->sectors_avail = s->sectors_per_block - block_offset;

    sinfo->bytes_left = sinfo->sectors_avail << s->logical_sector_size_bits;

    if (sinfo->sectors_avail > nb_sectors) {
        sinfo->sectors_avail = nb_sectors;
    }

    sinfo->bytes_avail = sinfo->sectors_avail << s->logical_sector_size_bits;

    sinfo->file_offset = s->bat[sinfo->bat_idx] & VHDX_BAT_FILE_OFF_MASK;

    sinfo->block_offset = block_offset << s->logical_sector_size_bits;

    /* The file offset must be past the header section, so must be > 0 */
    if (sinfo->file_offset == 0) {
        return;
    }

    /* block offset is the offset in vhdx logical sectors, in
     * the payload data block. Convert that to a byte offset
     * in the block, and add in the payload data block offset
     * in the file, in bytes, to get the final read address */

    sinfo->file_offset += sinfo->block_offset;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

uint32_t vhdx_update_checksum(uint8_t *buf, size_t size, int crc_offset)
{
    uint32_t crc;

    assert(buf != NULL);
    assert(size > (crc_offset + sizeof(crc)));

    memset(buf + crc_offset, 0, sizeof(crc));
    crc =  crc32c(0xffffffff, buf, size);
    memcpy(buf + crc_offset, &crc, sizeof(crc));

    return crc;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_open_region_tables(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s)
{
    int ret = 0;
    uint8_t *buffer;
    int offset = 0;
    VHDXRegionTableEntry rt_entry;
    uint32_t i;
    bool bat_rt_found = false;
    bool metadata_rt_found = false;

    /* We have to read the whole 64KB block, because the crc32 is over the
     * whole block */
    buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs, VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);

    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, VHDX_REGION_TABLE_OFFSET, buffer,
                     VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }
    memcpy(&s->rt, buffer, sizeof(s->rt));
    vhdx_region_header_le_import(&s->rt);
    offset += sizeof(s->rt);

    if (!vhdx_checksum_is_valid(buffer, VHDX_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE, 4) ||
        memcmp(&s->rt.signature, "regi", 4)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    /* Per spec, maximum region table entry count is 2047 */
    if (s->rt.entry_count > 2047) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < s->rt.entry_count; i++) {
        memcpy(&rt_entry, buffer + offset, sizeof(rt_entry));
        offset += sizeof(rt_entry);

        vhdx_region_entry_le_import(&rt_entry);

        /* check for region overlap between these entries, and any
         * other memory regions in the file */
        ret = vhdx_region_check(s, rt_entry.file_offset, rt_entry.length);
        if (ret < 0) {
            goto fail;
        }

        vhdx_region_register(s, rt_entry.file_offset, rt_entry.length);

        /* see if we recognize the entry */
        if (guid_eq(rt_entry.guid, bat_guid)) {
            /* must be unique; if we have already found it this is invalid */
            if (bat_rt_found) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto fail;
            }
            bat_rt_found = true;
            s->bat_rt = rt_entry;
            continue;
        }

        if (guid_eq(rt_entry.guid, metadata_guid)) {
            /* must be unique; if we have already found it this is invalid */
            if (metadata_rt_found) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto fail;
            }
            metadata_rt_found = true;
            s->metadata_rt = rt_entry;
            continue;
        }

        if (rt_entry.data_bits & VHDX_REGION_ENTRY_REQUIRED) {
            /* cannot read vhdx file - required region table entry that
             * we do not understand.  per spec, we must fail to open */
            ret = -ENOTSUP;
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    if (!bat_rt_found || !metadata_rt_found) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    ret = 0;

fail:
    qemu_vfree(buffer);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
{
    if (buf_size >= 8 && !memcmp(buf, "vhdxfile", 8)) {
        return 100;
    }
    return 0;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_update_header(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s,
                              bool generate_data_write_guid, MSGUID *log_guid)
{
    int ret = 0;
    int hdr_idx = 0;
    uint64_t header_offset = VHDX_HEADER1_OFFSET;

    VHDXHeader *active_header;
    VHDXHeader *inactive_header;

    /* operate on the non-current header */
    if (s->curr_header == 0) {
        hdr_idx = 1;
        header_offset = VHDX_HEADER2_OFFSET;
    }

    active_header   = s->headers[s->curr_header];
    inactive_header = s->headers[hdr_idx];

    inactive_header->sequence_number = active_header->sequence_number + 1;

    /* a new file guid must be generated before any file write, including
     * headers */
    inactive_header->file_write_guid = s->session_guid;

    /* a new data guid only needs to be generated before any guest-visible
     * writes (i.e. something observable via virtual disk read) */
    if (generate_data_write_guid) {
        vhdx_guid_generate(&inactive_header->data_write_guid);
    }

    /* update the log guid if present */
    if (log_guid) {
        inactive_header->log_guid = *log_guid;
    }

    ret = vhdx_write_header(bs->file, inactive_header, header_offset, true);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }
    s->curr_header = hdr_idx;

exit:
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
                     Error **errp)
{
    BDRVVHDXState *s = bs->opaque;
    int ret = 0;
    uint32_t i;
    uint64_t signature;
    Error *local_err = NULL;

    s->bat = NULL;
    s->first_visible_write = true;

    qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
    QLIST_INIT(&s->regions);

    /* validate the file signature */
    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, &signature, sizeof(uint64_t));
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }
    if (memcmp(&signature, "vhdxfile", 8)) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    /* This is used for any header updates, for the file_write_guid.
     * The spec dictates that a new value should be used for the first
     * header update */
    vhdx_guid_generate(&s->session_guid);

    vhdx_parse_header(bs, s, &local_err);
    if (local_err != NULL) {
        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    ret = vhdx_parse_log(bs, s, &s->log_replayed_on_open, errp);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }

    ret = vhdx_open_region_tables(bs, s);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }

    ret = vhdx_parse_metadata(bs, s);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }

    s->block_size = s->params.block_size;

    /* the VHDX spec dictates that virtual_disk_size is always a multiple of
     * logical_sector_size */
    bs->total_sectors = s->virtual_disk_size >> s->logical_sector_size_bits;

    vhdx_calc_bat_entries(s);

    s->bat_offset = s->bat_rt.file_offset;

    if (s->bat_entries > s->bat_rt.length / sizeof(VHDXBatEntry)) {
        /* BAT allocation is not large enough for all entries */
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    /* s->bat is freed in vhdx_close() */
    s->bat = qemu_blockalign(bs, s->bat_rt.length);

    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->bat_offset, s->bat, s->bat_rt.length);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }

    uint64_t payblocks = s->chunk_ratio;
    /* endian convert, and verify populated BAT field file offsets against
     * region table and log entries */
    for (i = 0; i < s->bat_entries; i++) {
        le64_to_cpus(&s->bat[i]);
        if (payblocks--) {
            /* payload bat entries */
            if ((s->bat[i] & VHDX_BAT_STATE_BIT_MASK) ==
                    PAYLOAD_BLOCK_FULLY_PRESENT) {
                ret = vhdx_region_check(s, s->bat[i] & VHDX_BAT_FILE_OFF_MASK,
                                        s->block_size);
                if (ret < 0) {
                    goto fail;
                }
            }
        } else {
            payblocks = s->chunk_ratio;
            /* Once differencing files are supported, verify sector bitmap
             * blocks here */
        }
    }

    if (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
        ret = vhdx_update_headers(bs, s, false, NULL);
        if (ret < 0) {
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    /* TODO: differencing files */

    /* Disable migration when VHDX images are used */
    error_set(&s->migration_blocker,
            QERR_BLOCK_FORMAT_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
            "vhdx", bs->device_name, "live migration");
    migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker);

    return 0;
fail:
    vhdx_close(bs);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void vhdx_region_unregister_all(BDRVVHDXState *s)
{
    VHDXRegionEntry *r, *r_next;

    QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(r, &s->regions, entries, r_next) {
        QLIST_REMOVE(r, entries);
        g_free(r);
    }
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static void bdrv_vhdx_init(void)
{
    bdrv_register(&bdrv_vhdx);
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
                       Error **errp)
{
    int ret = 0;
    uint64_t image_size = (uint64_t) 2 * GiB;
    uint32_t log_size   = 1 * MiB;
    uint32_t block_size = 0;
    uint64_t signature;
    uint64_t metadata_offset;
    bool use_zero_blocks = false;

    gunichar2 *creator = NULL;
    glong creator_items;
    BlockDriverState *bs;
    const char *type = NULL;
    VHDXImageType image_type;
    Error *local_err = NULL;

    while (options && options->name) {
        if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) {
            image_size = options->value.n;
        } else if (!strcmp(options->name, VHDX_BLOCK_OPT_LOG_SIZE)) {
            log_size = options->value.n;
        } else if (!strcmp(options->name, VHDX_BLOCK_OPT_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
            block_size = options->value.n;
        } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT)) {
            type = options->value.s;
        } else if (!strcmp(options->name, VHDX_BLOCK_OPT_ZERO)) {
            use_zero_blocks = options->value.n != 0;
        }
        options++;
    }

    if (image_size > VHDX_MAX_IMAGE_SIZE) {
        error_setg_errno(errp, EINVAL, "Image size too large; max of 64TB");
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }

    if (type == NULL) {
        type = "dynamic";
    }

    if (!strcmp(type, "dynamic")) {
        image_type = VHDX_TYPE_DYNAMIC;
    } else if (!strcmp(type, "fixed")) {
        image_type = VHDX_TYPE_FIXED;
    } else if (!strcmp(type, "differencing")) {
        error_setg_errno(errp, ENOTSUP,
                         "Differencing files not yet supported");
        ret = -ENOTSUP;
        goto exit;
    } else {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto exit;
    }

    /* These are pretty arbitrary, and mainly designed to keep the BAT
     * size reasonable to load into RAM */
    if (block_size == 0) {
        if (image_size > 32 * TiB) {
            block_size = 64 * MiB;
        } else if (image_size > (uint64_t) 100 * GiB) {
            block_size = 32 * MiB;
        } else if (image_size > 1 * GiB) {
            block_size = 16 * MiB;
        } else {
            block_size = 8 * MiB;
        }
    }


    /* make the log size close to what was specified, but must be
     * min 1MB, and multiple of 1MB */
    log_size = ROUND_UP(log_size, MiB);

    block_size = ROUND_UP(block_size, MiB);
    block_size = block_size > VHDX_BLOCK_SIZE_MAX ? VHDX_BLOCK_SIZE_MAX :
                                                    block_size;

    ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, options, &local_err);
    if (ret < 0) {
        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
        goto exit;
    }

    bs = NULL;
    ret = bdrv_open(&bs, filename, NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
                    NULL, &local_err);
    if (ret < 0) {
        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
        goto exit;
    }

    /* Create (A) */

    /* The creator field is optional, but may be useful for
     * debugging / diagnostics */
    creator = g_utf8_to_utf16("QEMU v" QEMU_VERSION, -1, NULL,
                              &creator_items, NULL);
    signature = cpu_to_le64(VHDX_FILE_SIGNATURE);
    ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, VHDX_FILE_ID_OFFSET, &signature, sizeof(signature));
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto delete_and_exit;
    }
    if (creator) {
        ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs, VHDX_FILE_ID_OFFSET + sizeof(signature),
                          creator, creator_items * sizeof(gunichar2));
        if (ret < 0) {
            goto delete_and_exit;
        }
    }


    /* Creates (B),(C) */
    ret = vhdx_create_new_headers(bs, image_size, log_size);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto delete_and_exit;
    }

    /* Creates (D),(E),(G) explicitly. (F) created as by-product */
    ret = vhdx_create_new_region_table(bs, image_size, block_size, 512,
                                       log_size, use_zero_blocks, image_type,
                                       &metadata_offset);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto delete_and_exit;
    }

    /* Creates (H) */
    ret = vhdx_create_new_metadata(bs, image_size, block_size, 512,
                                   metadata_offset, image_type);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto delete_and_exit;
    }



delete_and_exit:
    bdrv_unref(bs);
exit:
    g_free(creator);
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

int vhdx_user_visible_write(BlockDriverState *bs, BDRVVHDXState *s)
{
    int ret = 0;
    if (s->first_visible_write) {
        s->first_visible_write = false;
        ret = vhdx_update_headers(bs, s, true, NULL);
    }
    return ret;
}

Project: qemu
File: vhdx.c

static int vhdx_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
                               BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
{
    return 0;
}