62021CJ0280_SUM
Case C‑280/21
P.I.
v
Migracijos departamentas prie Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerijos
(Request for a preliminary rulingfrom the Lietuvos vyriausiasis administracinis teismas)
Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 12 January 2023
(Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Common asylum policy – Eligibility for refugee status – Directive 2011/95/EU – Article 10(1)(e) and (2) – Reasons for persecution – Concepts of ‘political opinion’ and ‘attributed political opinion’ – Attempts by an applicant for asylum to defend himself, in his country of origin, by legal means against non-State actors acting illegally and in a position to exploit the mechanism by which that State imposes penalties for criminal offences)
Border controls, asylum and immigration – Asylum policy – Refugee status or subsidiary protection status – Directive 2011/95 – Conditions for granting refugee status – Risk of persecution – Reasons for persecution – Concept of political opinion
(Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Art. 11; European Parliament and Council Directive 2011/95, recital 16 and Arts 2(h) and (i), 6 and 10(1)(e) and (2))
(see paragraphs 25, 26, 28, 33-37, 40, operative part)
See the text of the decision.