Opinion of the Advocate General — ECLI:EU:C:2010:668
Date: 2010-11-11
Language of the case: German
Subject matter: Free movement of capital
Procedure: Reference for a preliminary ruling
Origin: Austria

Summary of the Judgment 1. Free movement of capital – Restrictions – Tax legislation – Corporation tax – Taxation of dividends (Art. 63 TFEU) 2. Free movement of capital – Restrictions – Tax legislation – Corporation tax – Taxation of dividends (Art. 63 TFEU) 3. Free movement of capital – Restrictions – Tax legislation – Corporation tax – Taxation of dividends (Art. 63 TFEU) 4. Free movement of capital – Restrictions – Tax legislation – Corporation tax – Taxation of dividends (Art. 63 TFEU) 5. Free movement of capital – Restrictions – Tax legislation – Corporation tax – Taxation of dividends (Art. 63 TFEU) 6. Free movement of capital – Restrictions – Tax legislation – Corporation tax – Taxation of dividends (Art. 63 TFEU) 1. Article 63 TFEU must be interpreted as precluding legislation of a Member State under which portfolio dividends from holdings in resident companies are exempt from corporation tax and portfolio dividends from companies established in non-member States party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area are so exempt only if a comprehensive agreement for mutual assistance with regard to administrative matters and enforcement exists between the Member State and non-member State concerned, since only the existence of an agreement for mutual assistance with regard to administrative matters proves necessary for the purpose of attaining the objectives of the legislation in question. (see para. 75, operative part 1) 2. Article 63 TFEU must be interpreted as not precluding legislation of a Member State under which portfolio dividends which a resident company receives from another resident company are exempt from corporation tax whilst portfolio dividends which a resident company receives from a company established in another Member State or in a non-member State party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area are subject to that tax, provided, however, that the tax paid in the State in which the last-mentioned company is resident is credited against the tax payable in the Member State of the recipient company and the administrative burdens imposed on the recipient company in order to qualify for such a credit are not excessive. Information demanded by the national tax authority from the company receiving dividends that relates to the tax that has actually been charged on the profits of the company distributing dividends in the State in which the latter is resident is an intrinsic part of the very operation of the imputation method and cannot be regarded as an excessive administrative burden. (see para. 104, operative part 2) 3. Article 63 TFEU must be interpreted as precluding national legislation which, in order to prevent economic double taxation, exempts portfolio dividends received by a resident company and distributed by another resident company from corporation tax and which, for dividends distributed by a company established in a non-member State other than a State party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, provides neither for exemption of the dividends nor for a system under which a credit is granted for the tax that the company making the distribution pays in the State in which it is resident. (see para. 138, operative part 3) 4. Article 63 TFEU does not preclude the practice of a national tax authority which, for dividends from certain non-member States, applies the imputation method where the holding of the recipient company in the capital of the company making the distribution is below a certain threshold and the exemption method above that threshold, whilst it systematically applies the exemption method for nationally-sourced dividends, provided, however, that the mechanisms in question designed to prevent or mitigate distributed profits being liable to a series of charges to tax lead to equivalent results. The fact that the national tax authority demands information from the company receiving dividends relating to the tax that has actually been charged on the profits of the company distributing them in the non-member State in which the latter is resident is an intrinsic part of the very operation of the imputation method and does not affect, as such, the equivalence between the exemption and imputation methods. (see para. 147, operative part 4) 5. Article 63 TFEU must be interpreted as precluding national legislation which grants resident companies the possibility of carrying losses suffered in a tax year forward to subsequent tax years and which prevents the economic double taxation of dividends by applying the exemption method to nationally-sourced dividends, whereas it applies the imputation method to dividends distributed by companies established in another Member State or in a non-member State, in so far as, when the imputation method is applied, such legislation does not allow the credit for the corporation tax paid in the State where the company distributing dividends is established to be carried forward to the following tax years if the recipient company has recorded an operating loss for the tax year in which it received the foreign-sourced dividends. (see para. 173, operative part 5) 6. Article 63 TFEU must be interpreted as not obliging a Member State to provide, in its tax legislation, that a credit is to be granted for the withholding tax levied on dividends in another Member State or in a non-member State in order to prevent the juridical double taxation – resulting from the parallel exercise by the States concerned of their respective powers of taxation – of the dividends received by a company established in the first Member State. (see para. 173, operative part 5)