Judgment — ECLI:EU:C:2001:625
Date: 2001-11-22
Language of the case: Italian
Court formation: Third Chamber
Based on: Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (1957)
Subject matter: Consumer protection;Approximation of laws
Concepts: Concept of consumer
Procedure: Reference for a preliminary ruling
Origin: Italy

SUMMARY — JOINED CASES C-541/99 AND C-542/99 
Summary of the Judgment 
Approximation of laws — Unfair terms in consumer contracts — Directive 93/13 — 
Consumer, as defined in Article 2 — Meaning — Legal persons — Excluded 
(Council Directive 93/13, Art. 2(b)) 
The term 'consumer', as defined in Arti­
cle 2(b) of Directive 93/13 on unfair terms 
in consumer contracts, must be interpreted 
as referring solely to natural persons. 
(see para. 17 and operative part) 
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