Order — ECLI:EU:T:2008:606
Date: 2008-12-18
Language of the case: French
Court formation: Appeals Chamber
Based on: Merger Treaty (1965)
Subject matter: Staff regulations and employment conditions - EC
Concepts: Appeals;Rights of the defence and procedural guarantees;Measures of inquiry and measures of organisation of procedure;Right to a judicial remedy
Procedure: Appeal - inadmissible;Staff cases

Summary 1. Appeal – Pleas in law – Mistaken assessment of the facts – Inadmissibility – Review by the Court of First Instance of the assessment of the evidence – Possible only where the clear sense of the evidence has been distorted (Art. 225a EC; Statute of the Court of Justice, Annex I, Art. 11(1)) 2. Procedure – Measures of inquiry – Hearing of witnesses – Discretion of the Court of First Instance (Rules of Procedure of the Civil Service Tribunal, Art. 59(1); Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Art. 47) 3. Appeals – Pleas in law – Plea submitted for the first time in the context of the appeal – Inadmissibility (Rules of Procedure of the Civil Service Tribunal, Arts 48(2) and 144) 1. It is clear from Article 225a EC and Article 11(1) of Annex I to the Statute of the Court of Justice that appeals against decisions of the Civil Service Tribunal may be based only on pleas relating to breaches of rules of law, and not on any appraisal of the facts. The court of first instance has exclusive jurisdiction, first to find the facts except where the substantive inaccuracy of its findings is apparent from the documents submitted to it and, second, to assess those facts. That appraisal does not, therefore, save where the clear sense of the evidence submitted to that court has been distorted, constitute a point of law which is subject as such to review by the appeal court. (see para. 20) See: C‑8/95 P New Holland Ford v Commission [1998] ECR I‑3175, paras 25 and 26; T-252/06 P Beau v Commission [2007] ECR-SC I‑B-1-0000 and II‑B‑1‑0000, paras 45 and 46 2. The court of first instance is the sole judge of any need to supplement the information available to it in respect of the cases before it. Even where a request for the examination of witnesses states precisely about what facts and for what reasons the witness or witnesses should be examined, it falls to the court of first instance to assess the relevance of the application to the subject-matter of the dispute and the need to examine the witness or witnesses named. The existence of a discretion in that regard on the part of the court of first instance cannot be challenged on the basis of the general principle of Community law that everyone is entitled to a fair hearing, as reaffirmed in Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. That general principle does not confer an absolute right to obtain the attendance of witnesses before a court. On the contrary, it is in principle for the court to determine whether it is necessary or appropriate to call a witness, since the purpose of the procedure before the court is to offer the applicant an appropriate and sufficient opportunity to defend the merits of his application, while strictly respecting the principle of equality of arms. (see paras 21-22) See: C‑189/02 P, C‑202/02 P, C‑205/02 P to C‑208/02 P and C‑213/02 P Dansk Rørindustri and Others v Commission [2005] ECR I‑5425, paras 67 to 71 and the case-law cited therein 3. It follows from Article 48(2) of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of First Instance, which applies, pursuant to Article 144 of those Rules, to the procedure before the Court of First Instance on appeal from a decision of the Civil Service Tribunal, that new pleas in law may not be introduced in the course of the proceedings. A plea based on distortion of the clear sense of the evidence which is raised for the first time in an application for a hearing must therefore be dismissed as inadmissible. (see para. 27)