Judgment — ECLI:EU:C:2015:506
Date: 2015-07-16
Language of the case: French
Court formation: Sixth Chamber
Subject matter: Free movement of capital
Procedure: Action for failure to fulfil obligations - successful
Origin: France

Action brought on 3 November 2014 — European Commission v French Republic (Case C-485/14) Language of the case: French Parties Applicant: European Commission (represented by: J.-F. Brakeland and W. Roels, acting as Agents) Defendant: French Republic Form of order sought Declare that, by exempting from droits de mutation à titre gratuit (duty payable on transfers for which no consideration is given) gifts and legacies to public bodies or to charitable bodies only where such bodies are established in France, in a Member State or in a State which is party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area which has concluded a bilateral agreement with France, the French Republic has failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 63 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and Article 40 of the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and order French Republic to pay the costs. Pleas in law and main arguments According to the Commission, French legislation, as interpreted by the tax authorities, exempts from droits de mutation à titre gratuit gifts and legacies to public bodies or to charitable bodies only where such bodies are established in France, in a Member State or in a State which is party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area which has concluded a bilateral agreement with France. The Commission considers that that constitutes a restriction on free movement of capital, contrary to Article 56 EC and Article 40 of the EEA Agreement. By way of justification for such an arrangement, the French Republic claims, as its principal argument, that French legislation makes a distinction between tax payers who are not in an objectively comparable situation and, in the alternative, puts forward a public interest argument, based on the need to collect taxes. The Commission contests that justification. In its view, the contested provisions make a distinction on the basis of criteria that are purely geographical. Moreover, the Commission considers that the public interest plea relied on does not satisfy the requirements laid down by case-law, in particular the judgment in Persche. 1 Lastly, the Commission is of the view that the restriction on the movement of capital is, in any event, disproportionate. ____________ 1 Judgment in Persche, C-318/07, ECLI:EU:C:2009:33.