davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
ENSIGN GWIN KOLB
WHITES FhoM
GIBRALTAR


CThis interesting letter will
be reprinted in four install
ments.)
Ensign Gwin Kolb, USN,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Roy
Kolb of Durant, recently
visited Gibraltar and wrote
an interesting, descriptive
letter home from which we
quote:
l have climbed to the top
Of Gibraltar and have looked
at two continents. 1t was a
magnificent sight, even gran
der, l think than the sight
from the Empire State Build
ing. On one side was Spain
= a brown landscape dotted
by clusters of white and yell
low villages, and beyond, the
somber peaks of lavender
mountains criss-crossing one
another in their steady march
into the distance. That was
Spain. Land of bullfights,
Franco, and starvation; that
was Spain land of internment
for us Americans who ven
tured across the border. /
looked to the other side and
had my breath swept away
by the exquisite beauty of
the Mediterranean shore di-
rectly beneath me. First there
was a drop of over a thou
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
TWENTY YEARS AGO

sand feet down, down., to
where the Rock flattened
out; and / could see a mar
row leaden ribbon of a high
way curving around the edge
of the Rock, and bearing up
on its grey surface the slow
ly moving ant-like shapes of
British lorries. Across the
road was the beach, a deli
cate white lace fringing blue
water, as blue as the eyes of
the English soldiers splash
ing in it in boyish glee, for
getting that they were at
war, and remembering only
that it was Sunday, the sky
was clear and the day was
warm.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
Definition OF A vSociuEst"
Varies With The Individual

1t wasn't too long ago that an American news
paperman would take on bodily all critics and OBJ
ponents and sometimes gunplay resulted from al
tercations between an editor and his readers. Today's
editors are more like jellyfish = we absorb a lot be-
fore we do anything about it - even to writing q
column. A couple Of weeks ago a neighboring friend
and columnist, Phil Mullen, associate editor of the
Madison County Herald, got tired of being called .
socialist Just because he likes and supports the
democratic Party. SO Phil sat down at his typewriter
and set his readers straight.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
Democratic, COP?
Economic Progress And Political Leadership

Economic progress of any state is
largely determined by the kind of poll
tical and business leadership it possess
SeS.
Big headlines tell Mississippians
every day and every week what mar
velous progress we are making indus
trially and along other fronts - this
progress is considerable and we are all
very proud.
But figures can be used in a num-
Der of ways and be made to prove al
most anything one wants to prove.
It is perhaps understandable that
in a political campaign a MAJ would
try to gid the lily. Thus the claim of
Lieutenant Governor Paul Johnson
during his gubernatorial bid that the
Barnett-Johnson regime had created
100000 new jobs was taken with several
grains of salt. (The real number is
about half that many.)
Other recent news that Mississippi
workers had, for the first time in state
history, earned a billion dollars in
wages and salaries was understands
ably happily received and acclaimed.
The percentage figure in gains over
the past, which the billion dollars
represented, would be astronomical, no
doubt. and very impressive.
But the only real m~eaningful con-
is to show what Mississippi is doing
when compared to other Southern
states.
In the same period 1902 that
Mississippi recorded $1.74 billion in
wages and salaries, other states in the
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
MAJOR E GRAY
HOME ON LEAVE

Major Malcolm "Red" Gray
has returned to his station at
Fort Benning, Georgia, after
a leave spent in Lexington
with his mother, Mrs. l. S.
Gray. Malcolm has been in
the Army for six years and
was promoted to the rank of
Major six months ago. For
the past two years he has
been in the West Indies, and
has served other oversee as
signments. Mrs. Gray has an
other son, Staff Sgt. Robert
Gray, in the service in Aus
tralia.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
RetuiI Price: S5.o5

Durants, began in the Europe
of Louis XIV. Car Peter of
Russia visited most of the
countries of western Europe
to study their social and tech
nical organization, before
dragging Russia "groaning
and protesting" out of the
Middle Ages. Louis actually
put foreign scientists on the
payroll of the French state
without requiring them to
come to France and work,
Philosophers and thoughtful
statesmen constantly cores
ponded with one another a.
cross frontiers.
Gilbert Highet, in his re-
port to Club members, says
of the Observation-Disclosures
team of Will and Ariel Du-
rant: "They combine indus
trious learning with sharp
common sense and lively un-
orthodox inquisitiveness.
They produce vast quantities
of interesting and little
known facts"
Born in North Adams, Mas
sachusetts, in 1885, Will Du-
rant resolved long ago to re-
rearch and write the history
of civilization. He began this
work while completing his
doctoral thesis at Columbia
University. at the time of the
First World War.
At an early stage he de-
veloped his concept of inte-
grated cultural history by
lecturing on philosophy, lit
erature, science, music and
art to groups of working peo-
pie in a church at Fourteenth
Street and Second Avenue,
Manhattan. Out of these lee
lures grew the volume which
made him famous, The
Story of Philosophy" Q926),
and subsequently the first
volumes of "The Story of
Civilization"
From 1929 on Will and
Ariel Durant concentrated on
the grand design for their
epic work. The project has
called for increasingly inten-
sive research and study, two
trips around the world, and
frequent sojourns abroad.
The Durants make their
home today in California, in
a house high in the hills
above Los Angeles.
Two more books will COM
81 49, ri q
plete their "Story of Civiliza-
ton: Volume Nine, 'The
Age of Voltaire';; and Vol
ume Ten. Rousseau and
Revolution, which will bring
the series to Napoleon and
the 18th century.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
Controversial Issues In Broadcasfinu

posing viewpoint or viewpoints"
Three particular fields or situa-
lions in which the FEC indicated the
fairness doctrine would apply were
specified:
(a) When a controversial program in
wolves a personal attack upon an ndivi-
dual or organization, the hcensee must
transmit the text of the broadcast to the
person or group attacked, wherever locat-
ed, either prior to or at the time of the
broadcast, with a specific offer of his sta
TONS facilities for an adequate response
Clayton W.. Mapoles, % Pike & Fischer,
h. X. 586, SOL; Billings Broadcasting Com
pany, % Pike & Fischer. r. R. 95l, 953).
CD When a licensee permits the use
of facilities by a commentator or any
person other than a candidate to take a
partisan position on the issues involved
IN a contest for political office or to at
tack one candidate or support another by
direct or indirect Identification, he must
immediately send a transcript of the per-
tlnent continuity in each such program to
seach candidate concerned and offer a
comparable opportunity for an appro-
pirate spokesman to answer the broadcast
(Times-Mirror Broadcasting Co., "a Pike
& Fischer, r. r. 404, 405).
(c) When a licensee permits the use
of his facilities for the presentation of
views regarding an issue of current I'M
%portance such as racial segregation, inte-
grafton, or discrimination, or any other
issue of public importance, he must offer
spokesman for other responsible groups
within the community similar opportun-
tiles for the expression of the contrasting
viewpoints of their respective groups. In
particular, the views of the leaders of the
Negro and other community groups as to
the issue of racial segregation, integra-
ton, or discrimination, and of the leaders
of appropriate groups In the community
as to other issues of public Importance,
must obviously be considered and reflect
ed, in order to insure that fairness is
achieved with respect to programming
dealing with such controversial issues
Editorializing Report, l part three) Pike
& Fischer, r. r. POI, 2O4-2O6: CT. WBNX
Bctg. Co., Inc, 4 Pike & Fischer, R. r.
242, 248).
4
Of course there are some who will
violently object to the fairness direc-
tive. They went only n Viewpoint
presented and are not too much con-
cerned with whether or not it is sound
or based on full and well documented
information. This applies especially to
some pressure groups who want to in
fluence public thinking.
A broadcaster may, we assume,
forget the whole thing and forego any
kind Of program that may spark con-
troversy and subsequent demand for
equal time and billing. He can bury his
head in the sand along with some news
paper editors and their readers who
want to avoid controversy in the in
terest of keeping the cash register
tinkling.
But the wise broadcaster, who
wants to hold his audience, will view
the fairness directive as a challenge
to greater public service and influence
by creating better and more stimu-
lating programs to inspire sound think
ing and good citizenship.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
7 through The Years
Items of interest from the past taken from our fila
Of The exinston Advertiser and The Durant News.
BY Ruth B. Flower
TEN YEARS AGO
BY Ruth 3. Flower

kind. 7
A prison newspaper is pub
lished monthly called "The
Inside World" A hobby con-
test is held annually and this
has developed into a source
of revenue for some of the
prisoners as they are allowed
to keep money earned from
the sale of their haidicraft,
he said.
School is held from No
vember until April and last
year there were $50 ~pupils
and about II teachers, and
State adopted textbooks are
used. The procedure on new
prisoners was disclosed by
Mr.. Patterson. This includes
a complete physical examina-
ton and treatment Of any di-
sease found. Copies of finger
printing, pictures and identi-
fication are sent to the FBI
in Jackson and the federal
government. A complete his
tory of the prisoners back
ground, his education, his
family, religious affiliation
is made. Educational tests
ere made to determine fur
ther case history. Prisoners
are instructed on prison rules
and regulations, and after
two or three days are as
signed to one of the camps
located on the large planta-
ton type prison. The farm
cultivates about 1851 acres.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05

share. l believe in the Public
Health Department.
| believe in the Mississippi
Employment Security Com
mission, which is financed
mainly by federal funds.
believe in Public Welfare,
SO that cur poverty-stricken
people, the aged, the blind,
the helpless can have a bare
subsistence.
| believe in Social Security
which has taken away from
most of us the fear of a pen
niless old age.
| believe in the BAWI pro-
gram in Mississippi, which
puts public credit behind
private industries and which
is mainly responsible for
Canton's great industrial de-
velopment of recent years.
I believe in the Canton
Municipal Utilities which
have been one of our city's
greatest assets for more
than 80 years. I approve of
the federal grants that helped
build our new sewage Ia
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
~ Radio Fairness Directive

There has been much criticism of
a July 25th directive of the Federal
Communications Commission to tele-
vision and radio stations throughout
the country concerning their respon-
slbllity to exercise fairness on con-
troversial issues programming.
In plain English, this e the
stations were told they should present
both sides of controversial issues af-
fecting the public interest.
We cannot see anything objection
able in this. In fact, we would en-
courage it in the interest of a better
informed public which is greatly need
ed.
Frankly speaking, a great deal of
what we hear and view on some sta
lions is nothing more than crude at
tempts at propaganda or indoctrina-
ton. and some not so crude. Both def
nitely influence public thinking and
attitudes.
One would think that absolute ac-
curacy and obiectivity would be the
first consideration of any broadcaster,
either in television or radio, just as
newspapers seek obiectivity in publish
ing news. Each Of us should have as
our purpose information, rather than
indoctrination.
Good newspapers confine opinion
to editorial and feature columns. But
they also provide adequate space for
the expression of dissenting or reader
opinion, such as letters to the editor.
In the same way, or SO it seems
ito us, television and radio stations
should provide an outlet for listener
opinion, if the station itself is to en-
gage in editorial or opinion programs,
particularly on controversial matters
which vitality affect a wide segment of
the viewing audience in its thinking
and action.
The Federal Communications Com
mission was explicit in saying it "does
not seek to prevent the expression of
any viewpoint by any licensee on any
issue" What the directive does seek
is "to prevent the suppression of other
contrasting viewpoints by a licensee on
any issue when licensed broadcast ia
cilities have been used for the pre-
tsentation of one view of the issue.
This is required by the public interest
standard of the law" Clearly this is
in the public interest.
The Federal agency made it plain
that in compliance with the fairness
directive it was looking to substance
rather than label, or form:
"1t is immaterial whether a par
ticular program or viewpoint is pre-
sented under the label of Americanism,
anti-communism or states rights, or
whether it is a paid announcement, of
fetal speech, editorial or religious
broadcast. Regardless of label or form,
fiji n viewpoint of a controversial issue
of public Importance is presented, the
licensee is obligated to make a reason
able effort to present the other op-
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05

We think our readers will
find Phil's observations very
enlightening. In fact, many
of them who now honestly
regard themselves as states
Fighters" and Republicans
may find they are just as
much a socialist" as anyone
else in Mississippi. Those
who have been cussing Ken
nedy and the liberal left
wing, socialistic administra-
tion of the Democrats" the
loudest are the very ones
who are getting the biggest
favors out of Washington -
and if you don't believe it,
look around you.
-HBS
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
THIRTY YEARS AGO

New York, attractive guest
of Miss Fay Oppenheim of
Jackson, was presented a
lovely doll, holding articles
for needlecraft.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05

goons.
I am tired of civic club
speakers who are forever
cussing the federal govern
ment without ever getting
specific about the federal
government programs which
they would curtail or abo-
lish.
/ question the intelligence
of Mississippi political lead
ers who are forever cussing
the federal government ex-
cept when they are up in
Washington Begging for fed
eral appropriations for a pet
project such as the Tonnes
see-Tombigbee Waterway.
Three years ago | was talk
ing with Congressman Frank
Smith and he was rather bit
ter over an editorial in one
of the Jackson papers.
He said "They intimate
that I am a socialist. Just
last week a group of Jack
son leaders, including that
editor, was in Washington
asking my help in securing
a federal appropriation to
help build the Pearl River
Reservoir. And l helped
them"
So there you are dear read
er.
If you believe in, approve,
or benefit from any of the
above listed programs then
you are as big a Socialist"
as I am, for no one of them
is any more "socialistic" than
the others.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
The Lexington Advertiser
Thursday, Sept. 5, 1863

Hazel Brannon mith--Edito and Publisher
Established In 1897 Published Every Thursday
Subscription Rates: Anywhere in Holmes County
$500 per year; Outside Holmes County $3.50 per year.
Entered as second class matter at the POST Office
at Lexington, Mississippi.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05

talk.
| am not a socialist" ]
am an American and a Dem
ocrat who happens to believe
in all the great federal gov
eminent programs which
brought us out of the Great
Depression, which helped us
win the most terrible of wars
and which have helped create
the highest standard of liv-
ing in history.
I am going to write here,
one more time, what l be-
lieve and let you be the
judge.
I believe in Christianity.
The basic tenet of this reli-
gion is that / am my bro
theirs keeper; that those of
us who have much of the
worlds wealth must give up
some of it so that the power
ty-stricken may have a sub
siStence.
This religion demands that
l be personally and actively
concerned with the welfare
of my fellow man.
/ believe in the REA, with
out which our rural people
would never have had the
blessings of low-cost electric
power.
I believe in the Asses, that
federal government program
that promotes the conserva-
ton of our natural resources
and which handles the cot
ton control and support pro-
gram without which our cot
ton farmers would be bank
rupt.
I believe in the FILA, and
the CT Loan program, which
have made it possible for al
most all of. us to own our
own homes.
/ believe in the Sos, which
directs soil and water conser-
walton and which is now
building, with almost all
federal money, two multi
million dollar watershed pro-
jects in our county.
I believe in the Rural
Area Development program
which has made government
loans to help establish two
new industries in our area,
and which is expected to
make a grant and a loan to
Madison for a new water and
sewer system. Zone of these
industries is MILF at Pick
ems.
I believe in the Agricultur-
al Extension Service which,
in the last so years, has di-
rected the development of an
agricultural industry in this
country that is the envy of
the world.
/ believe in farmer cooper
atives which also have aided
greatly in the growth and
progress of agriculture.
/ believe in Federal Aid
to Education which, right
now, can be given part of
the credit for the high STAN
dard of our schools and col
/ believe in all of the Vet
'erans administration pro-
grams, which are a worthy
reward for the men who
have rendered the greatest of
service to our country.
i believe in the Hill Burton
Hospital Program which will
bring us a new hospital if
we are willing to do our
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05

A few days before, a local
young politician sat down be-
side me in a cafe and want
ed to talk some politics. Now
l admire this young man for
his ability. energy and intel
ligence end always enjoy
talking to him. But we dis
agree on basic political phil
osophy.
So we talked politics, both
past and present, and when
we finished, he made an
amazing remark.
He said to me, 1--WE told
lots of people that you are a
socialist but that you are not
a crook"
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05
New Books
The Age OF Louis XIV

BY VIII and Ariel Durant
Published by Simon and Schuster, Inc.
Publication Date: Sept. 16, 1868 1882 Pages)
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-09-05

goons.
St. Paul recorder., 1963-08-22

glass-waIled billiard room and
a liquor closet where Willie keeps
an ample supply Of drinks for
friends and visitors. He himself
never touches the stuff. Mays is
still awaiting the shipment Of his
pool table. He also plays that game
expertly.
Mays does not think he Is living
eNtravagantdy. In fact, he thinks
in spending for the comfort Of his
home, he Is making a sure invest
ment. He said Of the home:
This is something I've wanted
for a long time. A home Of my
own. Everything came quick and
easy for me at the start and money
went right through my hands.
Il spent money foohshly and
gave much away, too. 1 loaned
money that I never got back to
people I thought were my friends.
I did lot of other foolish things
and never thought of the future.
1t took me long time to grow up
and settle down, but I'm grateful
1 did it before it was too late.
II was raised In a shack in
Birmingham and always dreamed
of a house like this. Whatever I
spend on my home, it's money well
spent"
St. Paul recorder., 1963-08-22
SPoR r S

a serious challenger for the Amer
leans triple title. He either led
or was second or third in batting,
RIBS and homeruns before the
All-Star game break.
Since that time Wagner's hitting
has fallen off considerably. With
Fl homers as Of last week, Wegner
who usually hits homers in bunch
es, still has a chance at this title
With a hot streak he could jump
right back on the triple title race
The Little Bit" half of this
twosome - Pearson - is having
his finest year as a major Lacquer
He and Wagner were tied last
week as the fifth top batters in
the AL, and they both had raped
1913 hits a piece. In the RBI race
Wagner was third in the AL with
6S and Pearson, one of the tor
leadoff men in baseball, had 4C
RIBS. They both have vowed this
will be their 300 plus year at the
plate.
The Angels are going to have
difficulty trying to match their
surprise 1862 third place finish
But with a little luck, their inter,
racial Little Bit" and Big Bit
duo of Albie Pearson and Lean
Daddy Wags" Wagner could
bring the Angels down the home,
stretch in fine fashion.
St. Paul recorder., 1963-08-22

1000 Yard Club: Fifteen profess
sional ball players have joined the
select group which has completed
1000 or more yards in one season.
Eleven are still active, seven Of the
eleven happen to be young men Of
color.
Joe Perry joined the 1000 yard
club in 1858 while playing with
the San Francisco 49'ers. He re-
peated in 1854.
In 1858 Jim Brown, of the
Cleveland Browns, Joined this
superb group. He repeated in 1859,
1860, and 1861.
]. D. Smith had his year in
1859.
Last year John Henry Johnson,
of the Pittsburgh Steelers, Joined
along with Dick Bass, Of Los An
geles, Cookie Gilebrist, Of the Buf-
falo Bills, and Abner Haynes, Of
Dallas Texans.
Cookie and Abner were two of
the first three players from the
American Football League to gain
honors in this highly skilled club.
St. Paul recorder., 1963-08-22
InfeFrdcidI Duo
Is Key To Ia.
Angels Success

Los Angeles (ANP) - If the
Los Angeles Angels are to move
UP in the American League stand
lngs in the homestretch, their
Little Bit" Albie Pearson and
Big Bit" Leon Daddy Ways"
Wagner will undoubtedly be key
performers.
Pearson and Wagner-the clubs
best hitters as of last week -
were both batting .3O4. This in
terracial al-Star duo has been rat
ed among the top 10 hitters in the
American League all season.
Wagner, the greatest Negro left
handed major league homerun hit
ter in history, really has to step
up his pace if he's going to match
his 1862 output of 81 homers and
LOT RIBS. For the first three
months Of the season Wagner was
St. Paul recorder., 1963-08-22

Pro Football Sunday: The Min
nesota Vikings will open their
home exhibition season this COM
ing Sunday against the Eastern
champs, New York Giants.
1t will be a good opportunity to
see Y. A. little and company.
The Vikings are undefeated and
hope to make a good home show
ing.