davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-30

sIsspt midnight 10 Q an. On Msnasy.
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WFAh.FM-teo.J J Me- an. 10 miunlght.
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midhlght 10 Q an. On Monday.
WeTS-FM-si.s Me.-Ijo 10 10 p.m. Mon..
FIJI $50 10 4 p.m.l Suntay, s to 10 p.m.
WxRA.FM- los.s Me.--i7 aonn to mianight.
WMAL FM-to1,1 Me- - Im 10 ii4s an.
WPecIM-ss.s Me- an. 10 Pm.
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WAvA'FM-ios.i Me.-s Bm. 10 u pm.
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10 mlaHlght Sunday.
WPRw.PN-is6j Me- Sac s.m. 10 mlaniFht
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-01-02

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-01-02

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Evening star., 1963-01-05

or came too late. Apparently, too, ele-
ments of bad luck and deficiencies in
the command structure had a bearing
on the bleak encounter. In these cir
cumstances, with many questions crying
for answers, it is good that the White
House has called for full report on the
matter.
The struggle against the Reds in
South Wet Nam is an altogether ugly
and deadly business that could explode
into major warfare. Certainly, since we
are deeply involved in it as a Nation
offering advice and supplying arms to
the provost VietnameSe, we need to
keep ourselves as well-informed as pos
sible about what is going on over there
and about how such reverseS as last
Wednesdays may be averted in the
future.
Evening star., 1963-01-05
u. NJ. Atrocity

The SenSeleSS murder OF two women
by United Nations troops in Jadotville
is shocking thing. But it is not wholly
surprising. 1t is, rather, eliminating
horror in the U. N. war to destroy seceS-
sionist Katanga and the political power
of its president, Noise TShombe.
The U. N, of course, does not admit
that 1t is waging war to crush Katanga'S
secession. On the contrary, it denies it.
1t says it wants peace, not war, and that
it has no intention of trying to impose
political settlement on Katanga by force
of arms. These sentiments were piously
echoed by our own highest officials as
far back as year ago. But the facts
speak for themselves.
Last week KatangeSe soldiers, ap-
parently beyond Tshombe's control,
started firing at U. NJ forces in Elisa
bethville. On December 20, after his
palace had been surrounded, Tshombe
fled from the city, and on that same
day a grim faced" U. N. official In
New York said: "This time there will be
no stopping short of total victory"
The trigger-happy Katangans we're
quickly routed in Elisabethville, and
U. N. Secretary General U Thant said
on January that "all firing and fight
ing had ceased" as of December 80. He
renewed his assurance that the U. N.
would not use force for political ends,
and, on January 2, gave assurance that
1.-The United Nations force will resort to
fire only when fired upon"
The U. N. troops in Katanga, how
ever, chose to ignore all of this. Appar-
emily in pursuit Of the promised total
victory" they fought their way into
Jadotville, miles away, which had been
abandoned by retreating KatangeSe
forces. And there, two days after Mr..
U Thant'S assurance, detachment of
U. N. Indian troops opened fire with
machine guns and rifles on a passing
Volkswagen. The driver, a cement work.
er who had been urged to return to ia
dotville, was shot in the face. His wife
and woman companion were killed.
An Indian officer on the scene said:
ut should never have happened"
But it did happen. And the most
dedicated apologist for the U. N. cannot
deny this or attribute it to bad report
ing" The memory Of the bleeding, an
guished husband, crouched by his bullet
shattered car with upraised hands and
asking: "Why, Why, Why?" will linger
on.
His answer should come from those
who try to justify what has been hap
pening in the Congo by painting Tshom-
be as the bad guy" and Cyrille Adoula
as the good guy"
Our State Department officials, or
at least most of them, do not offer any
such simple and simple-minded justifi-
cation. Nevertheless, the United States
is backing the U. N. in its biased effort
to do what it has repeatedly said 1t is
not doing, and what it lacks authority
to do. 1t may succeed in the sense that
TShombe will be destroyed. When the
last chapter is written, however, we
doubt that many Americans will take
pride in the story.
Evening star., 1963-01-05
No Real Alternative

The District Highway Department
has demonstrated that it would be pos
sible, from an engineering viewpoint, to
reconstruct Key Bridge as an interstate
highway facility in the event the pro-
posed Three Sisters Bridge should not be
built. From every other viewpoint, how
ever, this course of action has virtually
nothing to be said in its behalf.
In the first place, the case which
the Commissioners have presented for
the new Three Sisters Bridge rests large
ly on a conviction that greatly expanded
river-crossing capacity is essential in the
Key Bridge area to provide for the fu-
ture needs of private vehicles-a predic-
tion with which most planning and traf-
fic experts are in full agreement.
According to highway officials, for
example, the Three Sisters Bridge and
Key Bridge combined, under the system
worked out for the two spans, would be
able to handle 8,700 cars per hour in the
direction of the heaviest flow of traffic.
If Key Bridge alone is expanded from
six to eight lanes, these officials say,
the maximum volume would be only
5000 cars per hour in one direction.
Second, they estimate that the cost of
reconStructing Key Bridge (including a
ramp extending half way across the
river from the Potomac River express
way on the District end of the bridge)
would almost equal the entire cost of
building the Three Sisters Bridge, ex-
elusive of its approaches. A third factor,
which probably is not of overriding i'm
portance, is that reconstruction of Key
Bridge in the manner proposed would
hardly enhance the esthetics of its To-
cality. A fourth factor, however, is of a
very practical significance. And this
factor is that reconstruction of Key
Bridge would compound traffic prob
lens imeasurably for a substantial pc
riod of time, since that bridge which
now carries some $4,000 vehicles a day,
would have to be virtually shut down
during much Of the reconstruction.
In the light of opposition to the
Three Sisters project it is we'll that the
District is taking a careful second look
at the alternatives Indeed, the Com
missioners assured Congress that such
studies would be made. But certainly
nothing has been produced thus far
which justifieS reversal of the Com
miSSioners' support for the Three Sis
terS Bridge-or reversal of Congress
decision in the final days of the last
session that that project should proceed.
Evening star., 1963-01-05
Setback in Wet Nam

Without firing shot, few Ameri-
can military advisers and their army
cooks have Just captured a band of Com
munist guerrillas in South Wet Nam.
However, although the story Of their
exploit makes interesting reading, 1t
does not alter the disturbing nature Of
what happened last Wednesday in the
same general area, about so miles south
west Of Saigon.
Reports on this latter incident, a
battle Of sorts, are still obscure in many
respects, but they leave little room for
doubt that II was roughly comparable TO
the Charge Of the Light Brigade at
Balaklava. Something went wrong at
the start somebody, probably several
somebodies, had blundered. AS a result,
what had been planned as a smashing
encircling operation against the Red
guerrillas, turned out 10 be one OF the
worst setbacks suffered by the free Wet
namese-and by our United States adj
visory group as well-since the start
OF the jungle war four years ago At
any rate, instead Of being encircled and
crushed. the Communists (though their
own casualties may have been heavy
carried out a bloody ambush, killing or
wounding upwards Of 100 men, including
three Americans dead, and shooting
down several Of our helicopters. APP
parently sufficient air cover was lacking,
Evening star., 1963-01-05
Fears New Taxes

Ever so often the rumor
reaches my ears that this So
called humane administra-
ton is playing with the idea
Of taxing old age social Sc
curity-the social security on
which we pay so much each
payday during our working
years.
Why isn't this threat dis
cussed freely In the news
papers and on TVp People
should hear about II and
have a chance 10 90 over the
pros and cons and decide
whether they consider II n
worthwhile idea-particular-
ly the elderly and those who
will have 10 supplement any
amount that is deducted
from their social security
income.
And why, II they are plan
ming 10 tax social security.
leave unemployment pay and
relief pay untaxed7 The lat
ter two often amount 10 con-
siderably more than old-age
social security.
Is II being kept in the
background so that II can be
made a law before anybody
knows what's happening2
Florence GilrOy.
Evening star., 1963-01-05
Inaugural at Albany

The problems of New York State
took second place to an exposition of the
broad philosophy Of Nelson Rockefeller
in the latter'S second gubernatorial inau-
gural address at Albany this week. There
was, in fact, in his well-organized and
relatively brief message only a short
mention of "a new stage of growth and
progress" facing the Empire State and
Of his own determination to make this
prospect a reality. Presumably his plans
for pursuing this objective will be set
forth in legislative and budget recon-
mendations to the Legislature in the
next few weeks.
AS potential candidate, and prob
ably the leading one If he wishes to be,
for the next Republican presidential
nomination, Mr.. Rockefeller's address
has obvious interest and meaning out
side his own State. He presented him
self in this case as one who is deeply
thoughtful about the many-sided chal-
lenge that is being posed to the Amer
ican way of life, to freedom, in these
timeS-a challenge not only in military
terms but ain the market place, in the
factories, on the farms, in the labora-
tories Of science and in the schools"
And in effect, he added, the answer to
this challenge must come from more
than political leadership at the national
level; 1t must come from all segments
OF Society-the family, the church and
the community-and from all occupa-
tional groups.
At other points, Mr.. Rockefeller
came closer to spelling out what may
well become personal political "plat-
FORM" one that may be amplified and
more sharply defined in the course Of
establishing his position vis-a-vis the
presidential contests of 1864 or 1868. He
placed emphasis, for example, on the
"old-fashioned virtues" of fiscal integ-
rity and economy in government, and
significantly upon preservation Of the
Federal system that allows a sharing
Of sovereignty" with the States and
leaves to all levels of government both
rights and responsibilities.
II was noteworthy, too, and partic-
ularly so In light OF the current political
fashion Of loose and easy labelling OF
conservatives" and liberals" and pro
gressives," that the Governor warned
against such over-simplification and ex-
tended to all Of these a full share Of
respectability. In the Republican Party
itself, there has been a great tendency
toward augmentation on the basis OF
these notwithstanding labels, which
Mr.. Rockefeller often portrayed as out Of
harmony with conservative" philoSo-
phies His words on the subject could
be bid for a middle-ground status.
Evening star., 1963-01-05

The Sunday Star reports
that Supt. Charles Taylor
Whittier, will "go one step
further" in attempting to
launch his proposed $55.5
million budget, this year, by
making "the department
heads and staff available to
answer any questions on the
capital or operating budg-
ets."
While this may be the first
time the "open house" pro-
cedure has been used TO pro-
mote pressure group support
Of his budget, the process is
as old as DR.. Whittier's ten
ure Of office as Superintend-
ent Of Montgomery County
Schools. He launched his
goals" for our schools via
the "open house" approach in
1858. He launched the State
and HEW-backed Mort
Plan" In April 1860, via the
same approach. No firm reso-
lutions, pro or con, were
sought via these educational
forays, whereas. definitive
public support. publicly ex-
pressed, reflecting firm reso-
lutions. is the goal sought via
the January 10 "open house"
There is one basic question
involved In the present con-
troversy, and II doesn't re-
quire a raft OF department
heads and staff 10 answer II
for organizations interested
In school budgets" This
question deals with the "con-
trolled society" VS.. the free
society" II is, what philos-
ophy Of education shall the
public tax dollar support -
the health, growth, and de-
velopment OF the whole
child" or the maximum
intellectual development Of
each child, X through 49,"
with health and growth de-
velopment remaining the re-
sponsibility OF the home. the
church, and the community,
respectively
Helen NJ. Burton.
Evening star., 1963-01-05

The power to condemn
property is a brutal power,
used carelessly and extrava-
gantly by our bureaucrats.
On the occasion of the open"
ing Of the new Cabin John
Bridge, I want to ask you to
print the following letter Of
my mother, Charlotte w.
Potter, written 4 years ago.
She died october /. 1861
six months from the time the
bulldozers destroyed her
home, her garden. and her
oaks. Father died 8 weeks
later.
Her letter follows:
The idea of the Highway
240 killing anybody before
autos start traversing it, may
seem absurd to you, but
think how majestic it would
seem for it to demolish some
one on its relentless way to
the river.
I'VE have lived on a small
farm in its path for almost
40 years and 240 is scheduled
to go through our large liv-
ing room and the two splen-
did oaks (only slightly small
er than the Wye Oak are to
be cut down like ragweeds.
The whole farm is to be an
interchange.
II can't swallow the idea
Of the oaks demolition and
the day after the appraisers
came preparing to condemn
the place, I couldn't swallow
anything. I contracted a
spasm of the larynx and had
to go to the hospital.
II wish I could regard the
road and its progress as
calmly as does the Maryland
State Roads Commission, but
I wonder if 1 will survive the
oaks. The farm is along the
canal and beyond that to the
river is all park land, beau
tiful woods and flowers.
Neal Potter.
Evening star., 1963-01-05
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry UriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tUiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1963-01-05
THE POLITICAL MILL
Government Ownership of Rails?
By GOULD LINCOLN

they do not approach all
transportation needs, partic-
ularly the transportation of
freight. The situation raises
a question which is pro-
pounded by Louis ]. Wagner,
president of the Order of
Railway Conductors and
Brakemen in the current is
sue of the organizations Of
ficial publication, Conductor
and Brakeman" 1t is: IF the
present management cannot
manage the railroads in the
public interest, should we
not in the public interest
have public ownership of
United States railroads?"
While Mr.. Wagner said the
railroad workers prefer" to
deal with a private owner,
he continued: Should we
not have an ownership that
will serve all of the public
railroad workers and the peo-
pie who benefit from their
services?" And he added that
unless there is a drastic
change in labor-m management
policies, I'VE will be forced
to answer these questions
with an unequivocal Yes"
Idea Not Supported
No matter how the rail-
road unions answer the ques-
ton, there seems to be
mighty little support in Con-
gress for Government own
ership and operation of the
railroads. Even so-called lib
erals on "the Hill" bac,- away
from the idea. In the opin-
ion Of some members of Con-
gress, Government ownership
Of the railroads would be
merely a first step in the ma
tionalization of other serv-
ices and utilities now pri-
vately owned and operated
including power and light,
telephone and telegraph and
eventually mining and a
completely "socialized" form
OF government. The Govern
ment took over and operat-
ed with much the same
personnel the railroads
during the First World War,
and people we're glad enough
at the close of that war to
have them go back to their
private owners for operation.
At the time, however, there
was considerable discussion
and some support of perma-
nent Government ownership
and operation. And the Gov
ernment during the Second
World War maintained SUI
pervision over transportation
and priorities of travel and
shipment. But roads were OPP
Grated by their owners.
Mr.. Wagner complained
strongly that governmental
Intervention, court rulings
and management practices
have resulted in a snarl of
red tape which threatens
strangulation of our unions
and the destruction of wages
and working conditions. A
strike which temporarily in
terrupts railroad service is
held to be against the public
interest - yet a merger, con-
solidation or abandonment
which would shrink railroad
service and is advocated by
management - is held to be
in the public interest" Pret-
ty soon everyone will hate
public interest"
Evening star., 1963-01-05
Blocked Bus Zones

Why do some trucks and
automobiles insist on parking
or standing In bus loading
zones2 This means the bus
has 10 stop away from the
curb and II is awfully hard
sometimes getting on and off
the bus-especially for elder
ly people, little children o.
Evening star., 1963-01-05

when you are carrying pack
ages or books. I grant some
bus drivers won't get up to
the curb when they can but
there are plenty who would
and do. So why can't the po-
lice and motorists cooperate
with the drivers who would
and the passengers?
r.. WWyw.
Evening star., 1963-01-05

The railroads of the United
States and their operation
continue to be a major prob
lem as the new year and the
new 88th Congress get under
way. Railroad labor and rail-
road management are locked
in heated struggles over work
rules, railroad mergers and
job stabilization to offset the
impact of automation. The
work rules issue is still in
the courts, the Interstate
Commerce Commission has
approved the application by
the Chesapeake and Ohio to
control the Baltimore and
Ohio-oppoSed by the Rail-
way Labor Executives Asso-
citation. Appeals to Congress
and to the President have been
made and will continue to be
made by the railroad labor
leaders to shut down on new
regulations of operation
which they say will result In
the loss of thousands of jobs
and endanger the lives of the
travelling public. AS of today,
1T looks as though the broth
erhoods were on the losing
side in these contentious -
unless the Supreme Court
which has been asked to
over-rule a United States
Court of Appeals decision
supporting the changes in the
operating rules proposed by
a presidential fact finding
commission takes that ac-
ton. And if they lose-will
they go to railroad strikesP
Anything approaching a
national shutdown of rail
transportation in this coun-
try would be a disaster. and
If 1t persisted, could crack
down the country's economy
in devastating way. Such a
strike was threatened during
the administration of former
President Harry S. Truman in
1946. Mr.. Truman promptly
threatened to put all the rail-
way workers in the military
service. The House put
through a bill giving him
that power and it was before
the Senate - where it was
temporarily held up by the
late Senator Robert A. Taft
OF Ohio. The strike was set
tied without legislation.
Many Troubles
For a number of years the
railroads have been hard put
to keep their heads above
water, pressed on one side
by Government regulation,
on a second side by growing
competition of other forms to
transportation - water, air
and highway - and on a
third side by labor with de-
mands for increased wages.
The result has been a con-
striction of service, fewer
passenger trains and in some
cases fewer freight trains.
Further, the roads have been
burdened with Federal trans
portation taxes, which the
roads have had to collect
from the public. Rail lines to
many localities have been
abandoned.
Where is this all going to
end? No matter what may
be said Of other forms of
transportation including
truck, bus, airplane, water
and passenger automobiles,
Evening star., 1963-01-05
Ronsomed Cubuns

The paying Of ransom for
the release of the Cuban pris-
oners represents a shameful
and disgraceful period Of
Americas history. Not that
they were not entitled to be
rescued from the betrayal of
the Kennedy administration,
which at the last moment
withdrew the air cover.
Millions of Americans were
ready to go in and get them.
This should have been done.
Anyone who participated in
this ransom incident cannot
be very proud of himself.
It has been stated that the
ransoming of the prisoners
did not cost the Government
anything. This statement
cannot be true. The Bureau
of Internal Revenue has
ruled according to the news
reports that the ransom
money and property given by
persons and firms may be
deducted from the incomes
filed by these parties. This
means that the Government
loses the income tax money
which should have been paid
to the Government. The loss
will be almost as much as the
value of the money and prop
erty used to ransom the
prisoners.
A two-bit dictator is now
furnished money and supplies
to carry on the affairs of
Cuba, and to spread Commu-
nism over Central and South
America. How can any Amer
ican be proud of what hap
pened in this matter?
American.
y
Like Will Rogers I only
know what / read in the
papers.
If there is one hero who
has been played down, it is
Attorney James B. Donovan,
who should have been on
the platform with the Presi-
dent, and Mrs. Kennedy and
the Cuban groups in the
Orange Bowl when the Presi-
dent made his electrifying
speech.
Without the tact. and
practical diplomacy of Dom
ovan, how could our Govern
ment do what 1t did with
that diabolical bearded ape
in Cuba? Donovan also did
the impossible in getting our
men released from Russia.
Certainly no one can find
fault with President Ken
nedy's action, called by many
the magician in the White
House, but somehow I feel
he let Donovan down.
Margaret M. Walton.
Landsdowne, Pa.
&H
Every American should
thank President Kennedy for
the way he is handling the
Cuban crisis. Had certain
other past Presidents been in
office, we would have in
vaded Cuba. The least
we could have expected in re-
taliation would have been the
firing Of the Russian atomic
warhead rockets which would
have meant tremendous loss
Of life and property in every
major United States city on
the East coast.
That is the least. It could
have resulted In a world nu-
clear war. AS 1t is, we have
suffered the loss of one re-
connaissance pilot shot down
over Cuba. oh, the problem
is still there but while there
is life there is hope.
naw,A < Cu....L.H