davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-05-20

and then released a ribbon-type
stabilizing parachute called the
"drogue chute"
The main parachute came
out properly at about 10000
feet, and helicopters from the
Kearsarge told him by radio
his altitude as he descended.
At 1924 pm. (EDT) Thursday
he hit the water.
Il was surprised that the
landing Involving the spooky
experience of being submerged
momentarily) was not a very
grim time" Mai. Cooper said.
After 34h hours in flight,
plus time before liftoff and
time in the capsule after land
ing, Mai. Cooper conceded he
was a little tired but not ex-
hausted. II felt like ! had put
in a full days work." he said
as indeed he had.
When the flight was over,
Mai. Cooper related, he had
enough oxygen left on board
for several days of flight, and
had used only half the fuel
supply in each Of his auto
matte and manual systems. His
management of what engineers
call "consumables" was an un-
ending marval to spacemen and
laymen alike.
Man Is a Backup
1t was his feeling, he said,
that I'VE can certainly elon-
gate" one-man flights beyond
the 22-orbit. 34-hour limit i'm
posed on his MA-9 mission. But
Associate Space Administrator
Robert c. Seamans effectively
put the kibosh on further Mer-
curry flights.
Summarizing the ission,
Mai. Cooper said his feeling
about what it proved is that
man is a pretty good backup
to all these automatic systems.
The news conference fol-
lowed a tumultuous welcome
by a crowd estimated at 10000
to 10000 persons along a five
mile line of march from Pat
rick Air Force Base north to
the Carriage House.
In the course Of the motor
cade, Maj. Cooper rode over a
strip of red-painted roadway,
9 feet wide and 100 feet long,
monogrammed with a gold
colored &c" 3 feet high.
This, according to an ada
cent sign at the southern
limits of this beach town of
5000, was Cocoa Beach's red
carpet for Gordo."
Said He'd Be Back
The motorcade came several
hours after his arrival at
Patrick aboard an Air Force
jet from Hawaii at 1854 am.
EDIT. The flight took 8 hours
and II minutes nonstop.
: Maj. Coopers wife, Trudy. his
daughters, Cam, II, and Jan,
l3, and a group of NASA CT
ficials accompanied him. Maj.
Cooper slept about 7 hours.
Wearing a red-and-yellow lei
which had been given him in
an aloha ceremony at Homo
lulu only hours before, Mai.
, Cooper greeted Robert r. Gil
, ruth, manned spacecraft center
director, and delivered himself.
, in an authentic western crawl,
of a statement straight out of
] a horse opera:
well, it's been a day On two
and I've Travelled a few miles,
but I'm back home again, just
like l said I'd be-"
Evening star., 1963-05-20

lite" was the way ne put it.
Although he did not mention
/ it, Maj. Cooper might have
pointed out that the "shotput"
satellite which he fired into
orbit was almost exactly as big
and nearly three times as heavy
as the first Vanguard Launched
! in 1858.
Locates Targets
The experiment involving the
satellite was directed toward
| Project Gemini, which will be
starting next year. The satellite,
a sphere, had two xenon flashes
on it. Mai. Cooper's job was to
try to locate "Shotput" in space.
The flashing light method is
one technique planned for To-
eating target vehicles in the
rendezvous phase Of Project
Gemini.
Five hours and 20 minutes
after liftoff, Mai. Cooper "ob-
served a light coming up on the
ground" He said he thought
somebody was launching some
thing out in front of me-" but
decided nobody would do a
thing like that to hun.
Then he finally saw the little
rascal strobing and there it
was" "Strobing" is a word
designating bright intermittent
flashes.
The flash effect enabled him
to see the beacon for several
orbits, but only at night. 1t was
II or 18 miles away the last
time he observed it. Gemini
engineers are planning a 20
mile visibility for the lights to
be used on the Agenda-D target
vehicle in that program.
Shortly after spotting the
"little rascal" Maj. Cooper
dozed off, to be awakened by
very nice music" on his high
frequency broadcast band)
radio set. This was followed by
what seemed to be a newscaSt
in a language unfamiliar to
him. Il thought I heard my
name" he said.
Beginning with the fifth
orbit, Maj. Cooper turned off
the cabin cooling system in
accordance with a planned
test to determine whether con-
slant cooling is needed. In
previous flights it has been
left on continuously.
He found cooling was not
necessary, and left it off until
just before re-entry.
Cites Landmarks
Two hours later Mai. Cooper
did another experiment. Pass
ing over Bloemfontein, South
Africa, he observed a bright
light on the ground which had
been turned on purposely for
this flight. Previous flights
Evening star., 1963-05-20

20 minutes after launch placed
in question the official story
that this happened much later,
AS related by 1t. Col. John A.
Shorty Powers, Voice OF
Mercury" the inverter trouble
was first learned of at 33 hours
Al minutes after launch.
Having learned the fun ma
ture of his difficulty, I'VE de-
cided we would re-entry COM
pletely without the autopilot,
Maj. Cooper said In a matter
of-fact way which bolied the
reality that this was a life
or-death proposition.
While all this was going on,
he revealed, there was another
bit of trouble not so Iar made
public. This was indication of
a rise in the carbon dioxide
content of the space suit air
system and a decrease in the
oxygen pressure in the cabin
air supply.
Mai. Cooper did not go into
detail. But this appears to have
been a situation which could
have built up into something
extremely ugly. Excess carbon
dioxide muddles a mans brain
regardless of how much oxygen
he has available. An oxygen
shortage makes a man punchy
and irresponsible
Took Pep Pill
At this point, Maj. Cooper
needed all the acuity he could
muster. AS revealed Friday by
the astronaut program medical
chief, Charles Berry, Maj
Cooper was told to take a pep
pill late in the flight so he
would be sharp for the re-
entry.
The low-key flyer skipped
over the dramatic, heart
humping last half hour as per-
functorily as a man answers
his wife's question about his
day at the office.
John Glenn counted me
down to retrofire," he said
land the retros fired with q
good strong thump."
The ordeal of re-entry, ir
which air friction builds ur
temperatures as high as l,20(
degrees Fahrenheit, was de.
scribed graphically by the pilot
He noted burning particles, anC
then a strap from the package
that holds retro-rockets ontC
the blunt front end Of thu
capsule flew loose and slapped
against the window, just as i
had done in Col. Glenn's fligh
in February, 1862.
1T got warmer, then red hot
and white hot, and broke ava!
burning" he said.
He also could see the edge
of the "fireball," to use tern
created by Col. Glenn. This i
the area of most intense fric
ton. where the molecules o
air heated to incandescence b.
the furious impact of the cap
sule on the atmosphere.
The re-entry G'S were NJ
problem" Maj. Cooper said
! referring to the decelerativ
: forces built up by sudden slow
down, He said he sustained be
tween 7l2 and 8 times the fore
Of gravity, and found it IN,
different from on the centri
fuge," a reference to training
he had undergone at a larg
human spinning device a
townsville, Pa.
Chute Rattle
After the worst Of re-entry
Maj. Cooper found himSel
plummeting directly to earth
apparently through clouds. H
waitad ti1l he oot fo 40 mn loo
Evening star., 1963-05-20

bit (45 minutes) at a time to
get the doctors their little
specimen.
Starting with orbit nine,
Mai. Cooper took maps. This
was my sleep period so I was
authorized to sleep as much as
I wanted" he said with a grin
in mock defensiveness as II
fearing to be accused of goof-
ing off on Government time.
Sleep was very sound, and
he has no memory Of a dream,
as inferred by doctors form the
fact that his pulse rate spurted
suddenly from a comatose so to
an excited 100.
"Oh, yes," he interjected in
his narrative, and went on to
say that he woke up once to see
his arms Floating out in front
Of me-" This was because he
was in the weightless state.
Switches Nearby
This pose-which he demon
strated-disconcerted him a
little not only because it was SC
bizarre, but also because there
were a lot Of little switches out
there by my hands" and he die
not want to hit one accident
ally.
Throughout the first "a hours
of the flight he did the ex-
periments planned for him ano
repeatedly used the cameras
given him.
One of these experimental
Photographic exercises ended
with the beginning of the
trouble that caused deep con.
Germ in the last As minutes ol
the flight.
He had darkened the cabir
to take some pictures of 6
space phenomenon called the
zodiacal light, which scientists
do not completely understand
Then 1 brought the warning
light back to dim. I saw the
.05g switch was on" he said
Given Toy Hammer
This is a switch with a little
green light in it that indicate;
that the capsule is slowing dowr
at a rate of .05g, or a little
less than 4 inches a second fol
every second of elapsed time.
Il thought at first I'd ignore
it. and then I decided I'd better
not" Mai. Cooper related.
At the end of the good
natured news conference, some
, one asked about a little toy
hammer Astronaut Alan B
Shepard had given Mai. Coopel
to smash false ire-indicato
lights with. Mai. Cooper re
piled:
Il came very close to usinl
the hammer on it (the .05I
! light."
After reporting the greer
light to the ground, Ma!
, Cooper received instructions t,
? do the re-entry sequence from
firing of showdown rockets t,
! achieving of .05g deceleratiol
, with manual instead of auto
, matte controls. This involveu
; punching buttons and flippin
switches in the proper orde
' and at precise intervals.
After the .05g point, it wa
; planned that Mai. Coope
would turn the rest of the re
entry job over to the autopilot
Difference in Time
But about 3 hours before h
finally landed in the ocean
Mai. Cooper found he had los
the services of two "inverters,
which supply power to the au
tomato controls.
Maj. Cooper's fixing of tn
time of this trouble at 81 hour
Evening star., 1963-05-20
Continued From Page AL

Continued From Page AL
big Atlas rocket almost close
enough to touch"
Frost on the outside Of the
rocket comes from moisture in
the air at sea level condensing
on the outside Of fuel tanks
containing liquid oxygen at 297
degrees below Fahrenheit zero.
He took a picture Of the
booster rocket with a 16-milli-
meter camera but indicated it
didn't turn out we'll. other
pictures he took with a 10
millimeter Hasselblad camera
were reported by National Aero
nautics and Space Administra-
ton officials to be outstanding,
especially some made over the
Himalaya mountains.
He saw the strange "haze
layer" around the earth, noted
and commented on by AStro-
naut Walter Schirra last Octo-
Der, AS Mai. Cooper described
it, the sky is clear for several
degrees above the horizon.
Then there is a narrow band
Of haze about 5 to 8 degrees
wide, which obScures some
faint stars that otherwise can
be seen. Above this, the sky is
clear.
Exercises Difficult
Some scientists believe this
may be a band Of helium gas.
Mai. Cooper's first look at
John Glenn's fireflies" came
on the nighttime side of the
first orbit. He said they were
quite bright, with a very faint
greeniSh tinge. They came out
in a great gush from his
steering control thruster jets
whenever he corrected posi-
ton.
He took exercises several
times in orbit, but found that
the Charles Atlas-type exercise
device, called a bungee cord,
took about as much exercise
to get to it as to use it,"
The slim flyer dozed off un-
expectedly during the second
orbit, and when he woke up "at
first I didn't know where ]
was"
BY this time he was appar-
emily fully aware Of the space
environment and the weight
less condition. He said he
found no problems in using
visual methods, as opposed to
instruments, in ali9ning his
capsule IN space.
Nearly 3kz hours out, early
in the third orbit, Mai. Cooper
fired a 594-inch sphere away
from the craft into a slightly
different orbit.
II deployed for the first time
from a satellite another satcl-
Evening star., 1963-05-20
YUGOSLAVIA
Traditional Breeding Area of War
Stabilized by United States Aid

without being a satellite of
the Soviet Union or serving it's
political purposes.
And beyond this, Yugoslavia
is something more.
If one looks at this country
for what it is, and resiSts the
temptation to lump all Com
muniSts" together for mass
condemnation, it is clear
enough that common slogans
and quotations from Marx
cover a very large spectrum
of political and social attitudes
within the Communist world.
The simple fact is that the
contradictions which separate
the Yugoslavs from say the
Communist Chinese are a good
deal more fundamental than
the contradictions which divide
Yugoslavia from the West.
Exert Greater Influence
| It would be an exaggeration
perhaps to describe the system
/ in YugoSlavia as liberal" The
Yugoslavs themselves prefer
the word progressive" in con-
trast to the "reactionary" out
look of their Chinese comrades.
Yet it is no exaggeration at all
to say that Communism as it
exists here is unique. And that
in the historical development
Of Communism throughout the
world Yugoslavia may we'll ex-
ert the greater influence in the
long run.
When 1t comes to the inter-
nal system a certain degree Of
caution is advisable. For an
outsider-or for that matter
for the average Yugoslav-it is
hard TO say exactly how the
system works. What one can
say with reasonable assurance
is that Yugoslavia has gone
further in the process Of de-
centralization both in political
control and in the control Of
the means Of production than
any other Communist country
in the world.
This principle Of decentraliz-
alton is firmly written into the
new Yug oslav Constitution
adopted this spring. Though 1t
assures Tito's position as Presi-
dent Of the country for the rest
Of his life che is now TO- II
also assures that no one In the
future will exercise the same
amount OF personal leadership
Presidential terms are fixed by
law as in the United States tc
two four-year terms. Less i'm
portant positions are fixed ex.
cept In special circumstance,
10 single four-year terms.
Allows For Debate
Evening star., 1963-05-20
Allows For Debate

Though, as in all Communist
systems there is only one party
there is room In the Yugoslay
political setup for very consid-
cradle dissention and debate
The process, as one observer
describes II. operates more like
that Of a board Of directors
VINO agree on detectives but
argue over ways and means OF
achieving them.
The new constitution pro-
vides, among other things, foi
four separate houses OF parlia-
ment which, together with q
Evening star., 1963-05-20
Cites Landmarks

Two hours later Mai. Cooper
did another experiment. Pass
ing over Bloemfontein, South
Africa. he observed a bright
light on the ground which had
been turned on purposely for
this flight. Previous flights
Evening star., 1963-05-20
Chute Rattle

After the worst Of re-entry,
Maj. Cooper found himself
plummeting directly to earth,
apparently through clouds. He
waited till he got to $4,000 feet
Navajo times., 1963-04-18
Arizona Farmers and Runchers
fare Well" in Legislation

Department of Agriculture was a
major failing of the Legislature,
Davis said.
Other measures supported by
Farm Bureau but which failed to
pass would have repealed the
children's motor scooter licenses:
exempted small farm trucks from
certificates of convenience and ne
ceSsity: and enlarged the State
Board of Educ alton to include non-
educators.
Davis explained that proposal
to set safeguards on pesticides
use was not introduced because
state Department of Agriculture
would first be needed to provide
admin Stration of the safeguards;
there is no existing agency that
could administer the proposed reg
ulationS.
Navajo times., 1963-04-18
Ten
Commandments

The Accident Prevention De-
partment has recommended these
Ten Commandments for drivers:
l. Thou shalt check the vehicle
daily for defects.
z. Thou Shalt look with Caution
back with care.
3. Thou shalt keep back safe
distance from the car ahead.
4. Thou shalt signal intentions
when moving from parking
position.
S. Thou shalt be sure it is safe
before crossing an intersection.
6. Thou shalt not take chances
when passing.
7. Thou Shalt use every precaution
when stopped on the highway for
any cause (Note: Be sure to
move your car off the highway
for repairs. flat tires, illness.
etc.
8. Thou Shalt keep thy temper in
traffic.
9. Thou shalt remember pedes-
trianS.
1O.Thou shalt not run away after
an accident
Navajo times., 1963-04-18
National Science
Fair May 6

National Science Fair -Imernation-
al opens May 6 at Tingley Coliseum
on the state fairgrounds in Albu-
querque, four hundred ''finaliSts"
will represent the cream of ap-
proXimately one million science
project builders in almost all of
the SO states and about 6 foreign
countries in the Free World. The
projects will cover almost every
realm of science.
Several million spectators will
have seen the various school, city,
regional and state fairs leading up
TO the big international event in
Albuquerque. Each of the four
hundred exhibitors reaching the
"grand finale" will have elm
mated more than $500 exhibitors
in feeder fairs.
The New Mexico sponsors of the
fair believe that if New Mexico is
to continue as leading state in
search and development, young
state. And ifthe nation is to achieve
its place as leader in the Space
Age, it must make use of the talents
now hidden away in. the brains of
the nations future scientists.
Brain power is the nations most
valuable resource.
Speeches on various phases of
science will be made by some of
the worlds leading scientists at
public meetings and seminars for
special students and teachers. The
speakers include such men as
Wernher Won Braun (missiles). DIR.
Edward Teller thermo-nuclear
physics), Rear Admiral Hyman
Rickover (nuclear powered sub
marinesl Gen. Bernard Schriever
(missile defenSe). and Nobel Prize
winners Glenn Seaborg chemistry
and William Shockley (physicsC
and science educat PaulDeHart
Hurd (science education). Stanford:
Bentley Glass (education(. Johns
Hopkins t'niver sity: and Harlow
Shapley astronomy, Harvard.
New Mexico artist Paul Morris
Wright has painted huge mural
depicting the theme which will be
on display in the State Fair Coli
scum. The central symbol of the
mural depicts human figure
Straining totouchth moon---rnan'
desire to reach beyond the limits of
the earth.
The official opening of the Ma
tional Science Fair International
will be held at the Albuquerque
Civic Auditorium at 8 pm, Tues
day, May 7, with DR.. Seaborg,
Nobel Laureate and chairman of the
Atomic Energy Commission,
giving the principal address. Gov.
Jack Campbell will welcome the
young scientists to New Mexico.
Sen. Clinton P. Anderson will
intro roduce DR.. Seaborg and other
leading scientists and notables at
this event. The public is invited.
The National Science Fair In
ternational exhibits in the State
Fair Coliseum will be open for the
public viewing from 8 am. to 10
p.m., Thur sday and Friday. May
9-1O. Ohe first three days will be
devoted to setting up exhibits.
Judging, and other activitieS.)
The National Science Seminars
will be held in Highland High School
May 7-9. Tuesday through Thurs
day. at 9:15 am. and 2 pm. (by
special invitation onlyl
The National Science Education
Exposition will be opentothe public
May Gil from 9 am. to 9 pm.
and May IL. from 1 to 6 pm. in
the Hobby and Flower Industrial
~. rho eNoN1. oa,uHx.
Navajo times., 1963-04-18

armerS and ranc hers
generally Jared we'll in actions of
the Arizona Legislature. accord
ing to report by WiliiamC. Davis
executive secretary of the Arizona
Farm Bureau Federation, compil-
ed at the close of the recent
regular session.
He said that only about 100
of the more than 600 bills intro
duced were passed by both houses
of the Legislature, but that few
proposals which would have
affected the states food and fiber
industry failed to pass. No bills
that would have been detrimental
to agriculture passed, he said.
Davis emphasized that the
property reappraisal law probably
was the sessions most important
measure. 1t includes a provision
that agricultural property be re-
appraised on the basis of current
use and thus will be acceptable to
farmers and rancherS.
Another bill which Davis singled
out as extra a-important was the
memorial to Congress asking pro
lection of school income from state
lands.
He declared that the new re-
quirement that Grade A milk to
be used in cottage cheese and the
restrictions on additiveS in
proceSSed meats would be of bene-
fit to consumers as we'll as agri-.
cultural people.
Other new laws of special
interest to farmers and ranchers
include those establi shing demo-
cratic process for diSsolving weed
districts: extending from six to
IL months the time limit for
claiming refunds on off-highway
gasoline taxes: extending the
number of years for which state
lands may be leased: appropriating
funds to the Interstate Stream
Commission: and improving reg
ulations on selling abandoned pro-
perty.
Davis also reported that
number of bills, which Farm
Bureau opposed we're not enacted.
One proposal would have
eliminated border inspection
stations: another would have re-
moved the exemption for seasonal
workers unemployment compen--
sation: another would have severely
restricted Improvement along
streams CT waterway channels:
still another would have set strict
regulations an all highway bill
boards, instead of authorizing a
voluntary educational program de-
signed to curtail only unsignly
advertising.
These all died in committees,
Davis said.
A bill redefining grand theft
was passed. he added. but only
after deletion of a portion which
would have excluded much live
stock from that category.
Davis also listed several bills
which Farm Bureau supported but
which did not become law.
InactiOn On creating a state
Evening star., 1963-12-31

family already and "they were
afraid I'd want to come into
their office to work" Instead,
because my mother didn't
want my family to think I was
stupid" he got a doctorate in
law.
In the meantime, however,
he studied music and after he
received his law degree he had
his first engagement at the
Volksoper in Vienna. When he
saw World War II In the max
ing, he came to this county,
first spending 10 months in
Cuba waiting for q visa.
Mr.. Herbert said he was
happy with his career in the
United States, but If the war
hadn't happened and he had
stayed in Germany he probably
would have been happier.
Opera Is not q national art
here yet" he said. noting that
there are 200 opera houses In
West Germany.
"In Germany, an opera
singer walks the streets and
everybody knows him." Mr..
Herbert said. "He's like the
President. Here an opera singer
Is an oddball."
Evening star., 1963-12-31
DORIS FLEEsoN
A Role He Never Overlooked

Pennsylvania the situation is
little better, and the recent
death Of boss william Green
Of Philadelphia makes organ
ization problems more keen.
Also, 1t Is beginning to look
as II Republicans might
nominate their attractive
PennsylvAnia Governor,
William Scranton.
In Ohio, puckish Senator
Stephen Young, who to the
general amazement struck
down Senator John Bricker
In 1858 and came to WASH
ington for, as he then said,
one term Of doing what he
pleased, will run again.
Senator Young has surveyed
the vacuums In his party and
decided he would do as we'll
as anyone against the great
name Of Robert Taft, jr.,
who has decided it's his year
to leave the House for the
Senate.
In California, Senator
Clair Engle Is convalescing
slowly from serious surgery,
and q primary fight for his
seat impends even II he tries
to run again. The Democrat
ic position is not glowing in
Wisconsin, Michigan and
New Jersey.
AS President johnson
moves toward control Of his
party and national head
quarters, he can be expect
ed to remember that in
terms of personalities he
owes nothing to the present
setup and its immediate
predecessors. Yet he must
also recognize that in the
Eisenhower years these
leaders managed to shape
national party policies which
give the President his chance
to win In 1864.
@ 1858