davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-09-28

The 9th grade classes spon-
sored by Miss Lows A. Flagg
and Mr.. Johnnie Singleton
sponsored an Educational
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-09-28
Edwards
News
Mrs. n. l.. Jasuer. Re

Mrs. o. L. Jasper, Reporter
The following churches held
their monthly meetings on
Sunday, September q: namely
- Pleasant G We M. B.
Church, Rev. Edd. Jackson,
Pastor; Mt. Mariah M. B.
Church, Rev. William r. Grif-
fin, pastor; Green Grove M.
B. Church, Rev. Miller Taylor
Pastor.
Due to the remodeling OF
the Pleasant Grove Church
their Sunday Services were
held at the Morning Star M,
B. Church, Smith Station, pas
tored by Rev. M. c. Taylor
Vicksburg, Miss.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-09-28

On Sick List: Mrs. Maud
Smith, Mrs. Leila Holmes.
Mrs. Rhode Smothers, Mrs.
Donnie Currie.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
EQUAL TIME AN ISSUE
Governors Uninvite Teller

Washington for a National
Press Club luncheon appear
ance today. Wires were fired
to stationmasters to find DR.,
Teller, but no word came back
to the conference that he had
been located.
About 3 am, Frank Norton,
chairman Of the conferences
nuclear board, made a trip To
Clifton Forge, a little town 80
miles west Of here. He wanted
to warn DR.. Teller. But he
couldn't find him when the
train from Washington steamed
into the station 80 minutes
late at 6:15 am.
So Mr.. Norton. an old friend
Of DR.. Teller. beat the train
to White Sulphur Springs. DR..
Teller did not get off.
The physicist only yester-
day warned the Senate Foreign
Relation Committee that the
test-ban pact would be "a
tragic and dreadful" mistake.
He described the treaty as mot
a step for peace but rather a
step away from safety, possibly
Q step toward war"
After Gov. Faubus had APP
proved DR.. Teller's appearance,
the Governor heard reports
that two promoters" from
Texas we're pushing DR.. Teller
on the conference.
Gov. Faubus did not know
then that the so-called PRO
motors" we're Mr.. Norton and
DR.. j. r. Maxfield. jr., OF Dali
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
Mine Rescuers Start
New Drilling Operation

HAZLETON, Pa, Aug. 81
(AP) Drilling of a new escape
hole for the three trapped
miners began today.
Two of the men, trapped 331
feet underground and able TO
talk to the surface through a
6-inch hole, reported they had
re-established contact, after
nearly 40 hours. with a COM
panion who is separated from
them by a wall of debris in the
tunnel where they fled after
the main mine shaft walls COL
lapSed eight days ago.
But a State mine inspector,
Arthur Joyce, cast doubt today
that there had been any con-
tact with Louis Bova. AZ.
The other trapped men, David
Fellin, So, and Henry Throne
%, set off a scene Of wild re-
joicing on the surface late last
night when they told OF talking
briefly with Mr.. Bova and then
getting answering knocks or
the mine wall after they nc
longer could maintain voice
contact with him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

This morning, however, Mr.,
Joyce, who has been assigned
here from the start Of rescue
operations, said that at the
time the other men reported
hearing from Mr.. Bova he (Mr
joyce could hear nothing
They requested, and received,
small tools to try and dig to-
ward where Mr.. Bova was
trapped.
Two six-inch holes have
been drilled into the mine
the lifeline hole through
which Mr.. Fellin and Mr.
Throne talk and receive sup.
plies. and the second one which
broke through last night into
the area where Mr.. Bova is
believed trapped.
Mr.. Joyce listened at the one
for Mr.. Bova while the Other
miners talked through the com.
panion hole some distance
away.
Asked why Mr.. Fellin and
Mr.. Throne were not ques-
toned about his feeling that
! See MINERS, Page A.;
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
Court Enjoins
UAL Wa|kout
Mochinists Quit
Jobs in Protest

Members Of the international
Association Of Machinists
stopped work at scattered
points over the United Air
Lines system today. but Off
Gals anticipated no disruption
of service in this area.
United has more than 100
flight operations a day at
National, Dulles and Friendship
airports.
The airline Immediately
sought an injunction against
what it termed a wildcat strike
in Federal court in Chicago,
which was granted this morn
ing. Supervisory personnel kept
schedules going without disrup-
ton, an official said.
Involved were mechanics and
some other ground personnel.
Early this month, United and
the union signed an agreement
covering items in the dispute
subject to ratification by union
members. The airline has not
yet been notified whether such
approval has been given.
United has about $500 en-
ployes in the Washington area
-1,100 of them members OF
the union. OF the area total,
about $50 work at National
airport.
The line operates about l.
400 flights daily over the sys-
tenn, carrying more than $4,000
passengers in $50 aircraft. Ma
tional employment is about
80, 900, with some $4,000 men,
bers of the union.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

las, Tex, who are on the con-
ference nuclear' board.
The closer Gov. Faubus looked
at the idea in the early morn
ing hours, the more involved
it became.
Gov. Carl Sanders Of Georgis
objected even to listening II
DR.. Teller here.
When Gov. Terry Sanford o.
North Carolina heard about
DR.. Teller's Washington testi'
mony he threatened to demand
equal time" TO speak for the
treaty.
Gov. John Connally of Texas
said 1t was "presumptious In
the extreme" to let anybody
but Gov. Faubus invite Dr.
Teller.
West Virginia Gov. w. W.
Barron huddled with Gov. Fau-
bus and repeatedly cast the
deciding blackball against DR.
Teller's speech. Presumably he
vetoed DR.. Teller because Gov
Barron. a Kennedy Democrat,
wanted no anti-treaty talk
without some pro arguments.
The last word from Gov
Faubus as the search for DR.
Teller continued through the
night, came around 2:45 am.
He said: "As far as I'm con-
cerned. it's all right for DR.
Teller to appear.
But I think the conference
should make the decision. And
DR.. Teller should be advised
that the conference has moi
yet made that decision"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
Diem Selling Pogodos;
u. S. Denounces Policy

TOKYO, Aug. 81 (AP):-
President Ngo Dinh Diem's
armed forces seized pagodas
of rebellious Buddhists through
out Wet Nam today in a crack
down quickly denounced by the
United States Governm e n t.
Many monks and nuns were
arrested.
President Kennedy's admin
iStration, which has supplied
$4,000 American military men
and $500 million a year to
back Mr.. 'Diem's Communist
threatened regime, charged the
Saigon government violated
pledges for a peaceful recon-
Citation with the Buddhists.
Mr.. Diem, a Roman Catholic,
declared a state of siege
throughout his nation of Is
million and ordered the army
to move against the yellow
robed leaders of the Buddhist
challenge to his government.
State Department Critical
The Saigon radio announced
raids were made on three
pagodas in the capital. Though
the monks are pledged to nom
violence, it said, a Submachine
gun, IA plastic explosive charges
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
Reds Submit Treuty
For Ratification

MOSCOW, Aug. 81 (AP).-
The Soviet government an
nounced today it has submitted
the limited nuclear test-ban
treaty to the Supreme Soviet
for ratification.
The announcement did not
say when the Supreme Soviet
which is this country's version
of a parliament-might meet
to vote on the treaty. Difficulty
is not anticipated, however.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

"be accompanied by the exer-
else of an even tighter rein on
Federal expenditures, limit
ing OUTLAWS to only those ex-
penditures which meet strict
criteria of national need"
Smaller Deficit Seen
3. AS the tax cut becomes
fully effective land the econ
omy climbs toward full en-
ployment, a substantial part of
the increased tax revenues will
be applied toward a reduction
in the transitional deficits
which accompany the initial
cut in tax rates."
4. Assuming a loss of revenue
of IS billion more in fiscal
year 1865 than in fiscal 1864
under the tax-cutting program,
the President said he expected
his fiscal 1865 budget to cali
for a deficit of less than the
$9.2 billion forecast for fiscal
1864.
S. Any increase in the Fed
eral debt resulting from transit
tional deficits Twill be kept
proportionately lower than the
increase in our gross national
product, and thus the real bur-
See ECONOMY, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
UDALL TO CLIMB
KLIMANJARO ON
TRIP TO AFRICA

By the Associated Press
Secretary Of the Interior
Udall hopes to visit Africa
next month on internation-
al conservation matters and
TO climb Mount Kilimanjaro.
The Secretary's itinerary
Is still incomplete but was
described as likely to in
clude visits to Uganda and
Tanganyika before he goes
10 Nairobi. Kenya.
Mount Kilimanjaro, a
peak in Tanganyika more
than 10000 feet high. is
the highest mountain on
the African continent.
Two years ago Mr.. Udall
climed famed Mount Full
in Japan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

the father Of the H-Bomb after
DR.. Teller was believed to be
on his way to this mountain
resort from Washington.
Actually DR.. Teller never was
located by the conference
ENJOYS. but the word must have
reached him. He didn't show ND
here, but he appeared as
scheduled for a National Press
Club luncheon In Washington
at 1890 pm.
Democratic governors pro-
tested against hearing an enemy
Of the treaty unless they heard
a friend, too.
1t was after midnight when
Gov. Faubus ordered the two
Officials who had contacted DR.
Teller to head him off.
He was scheduled to board q
Chesapeake g. Ohio train al
1920 am, address the confer
ence and their fly back to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
State Department Critical
Saigon Situation
Worries Tuipei

TAIPEI, Formosa, Aug. 81
(AP). = Chinese Nationalist
quarters said today they were
gravely concerned over the
situation in South Wet Nam.
Unofficial quarters were con-
vinced a revolution was in the
making there or had already
broken out.
Reports on the situation were
being anxiously studied.
Nationalist China has always
regarded South Wet Nam as
one of its closest international
friends because Of a common
ANTI Communist attitude.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
Neqroes in Prince Edward
Enroll in New Free School

available, said she was "all ex'
cited about it." Her mothel
said 81 think it's wonderful
they're getting a chance to e
this year."
Most of the parents said they
hoped public schools would bt
open by next year. Registra-
ton was hardly a haif-houl
old when Prince Edward Free
Schools became integrated
Richard Moss, white 17-year-
old son of the Dean of Long
wood College in Farmville,
signed for classes.
Goes Back to Job
After registering, young
Moss. who attended Virginia
Episcopal School in Lynch
burg last year, went back to a
summer job painting buildings
at Longwood.
Dean Moss, who has OPP
posed Prince Edward County'S
closed-sehool policy, said hi:
son made up his own mind tt
attend the classes, which are
expected to be almost exclusive
ly Negro. Mr.. Moss was helping
with the registration today.
Among the early registrant:
we're Phyllis Lee, 10, and hel
sister, Ruth, IS. After missing
two years of school, the girl:
were sent to Massachusetts, fol
schooling under a program
sponsored by the American
Friends Service Committee.
One of the about 20 volun.
teers who were registering stu
dents was Hrs. Mary Redd, who
was a teacher in a Negro
school in Prince Edward wher
the schools were closed. She
now teaches in Charlotte
County.
"GIad for Students"
I'm very glad for the chill
dren and the community" sale
Mrs. Redd as she signed w
See PRINCE EDWARD, Pg. Al
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
BY GRACE BASSETT
Star Staff Writer

WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS
w. Va, Aug. 21.-Embarrassed
representatives of the Southern
Governors Conference today
had to tell DR.. Edward Teller,
foe Of the test-ban treaty, to
forget an invitation they had
extended yesterday.
Arkansas Gov, Orval Faubus,
conference chairman, disinvited
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
Kennedy Vows to Trim
Spending After Tax Cut
House Units Two-Step Reduction PIun
Endorsed in Letter to Chairman Mills
BY GARRETT d. HORNER
Star Staff Writer

President Kennedy today promised tighter rein" or
Federal spending in striving toward the longrange goal Of
balanced budget after Congress approves his taxcune
program.
The President warmly Endorsed the twostep tax reduc
ton and revision program voted by the House Ways and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
"The world is much con-
eerned, os il ought to be,
with st0ndords Of humon
conduct"

CoIumnist Richard Wilson
contrasts the stondord of
behavior set by the President
in his public and family life
with th0t Of other high
American Officials.
Page AIS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

Means Committee in a letter
to Chairman Mills, and ne en-
phasized that "it is most i'm
portant now that the bill be
enacted this year as rapidly
as possible"
He wrote Mr.. Mills after tell
ing his press conference late
yesterday that the Nations
economy is good" now, run
ming slightly better than his
experts estimated in January,
but that the tax bill should be
passed this year eff we are go
ing to see 1864 another good
year"
Lists Five Intentions
Seeking to reassure some
members of Congress who have
called for cutting Government
spending if taxes are reduced.
the President outlined five
intentions" in his letter to Mr..
Mills:
l. Our long-range goal re-
mains a balanced budget in a
balanced full employment
economy. 1t is clear that this
goal cannot be achieved with
out a substantial tax reduction
and the greater national in
come it will produce"
2. Tax reduction must also
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

Southern Governors OK Plan to Boost
Industry. Pase AS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

fication of the partial nuclear
test ban treaty.
He told the Foreign Rela-
tons Committee that 1.-The best
present judgment" is that
Americas anti-ballistic missile
efforts "are comparable in
magnitude and success to those
of the Soviets."
Discounts Cheating
He also asserted that the
Russians could not gain any
substantial advantage under
the test ban treaty even If they
"cheat to the maximum extent
possible"
DR.. Brown declared that any
missile defense system the Rus
slams set up probably will be
no more effective than the
present United States Nike
Zeus system which the Penta-
gon has ruled too inadequate to
be deployed.
"Any system which the
Soviets are likely to have now
or in the near future does not
appear as effective, almost
certainly not more effective,
than Nike-ZeuS," he said.
In addition DR.. Brown said
the United States is confident
it can develop inter continental
missiles which will penetrate
any enemy defense system.
Called Tests Necessary
DR.. Teller, a noted nucular
physicist and a conultant to
the Air Force, urged the Senate
not to ratify the test ban treaty.
He said the Soviet Union was
ahead of the United States in
the knowledge necessary to
develop an effective missile
defense system. To redress this
imbalance, DR.. Teller said
further nuclear tests in the
atmosphere are necessary.
Such tests are prohibited by
the treaty.
DR.. Browns appearance be-
fore the Senator's followed
comments by President Ken
nedy refuting statements DR..
Teller made yesterday.
DR.. Brown kept to the same
general line as that stated by
Defense Secretary Mcnamara.
Both men asserted that the
test ban would prolong Amer
ica's chronological superiority
over the Russians and assured
the Senators that Russia stood
to gain little by attempting
clandeStine tests in the pro-
hibited environment.
Could Enhance Superiority
DR.. Brown told the Senators:
Having satisfied myself as
completely as is humanity pos
sible that the proposed treaty
cannot substantially impair our
strategic superiority If we take
the steps which we can to con-
See TREATY, Page A-6
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

and 10 daggers were seized at
the Ravada pagoda.
The State Department an
nounced in Washington Amer
lean disapproval of Mr.. Diem's
maneuvers.
ION the basis of informa-
ton from Saigon" it said, lit
appears the government of the
Republic of Wet Nam has in
stituted repreSSive measures
against Wet Namese Buddhist
leaders.
1.-THE action represents a
direct violation by the Wet
Namese government of assur-
ances that it was pursuing a
policy of reconciliation with
the BuddhiStS.
1.-THE United States deplores
repressive actions of this ma
ture."
The statement by the State
Department was discussed in
advance with President Ken
nedy at a meeting in the White
House this morning. The Pres
ident was briefed on the latest
developments in Wet Nam, Of
ficialS said, by members of the
stats of the White House and
the State and Defense Depart
mentS.
American Dilemma
In April, 1860, while stu
dent riots were going on in
South Korea, Christian A.
Herter, then Secretary of
State, charged the government
of President Rhee with adopt
ing "repreSSive measures un-
suited to a free democracy"
This contributed to pressure
that eventually forced Mr.. Rhee
to resign.
The Diem breakdown brought
into sharp focus a dilemma
which has been growing on
United States strategists.
On the one hand they dis
like Mr.. Diem's authoritarian
ism. On the other, they have
seen no likely successor who
See WET NAM, Page AZ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
U. 5. Scientist
Backs Treaty.,
Rebuts Teller
Dr.. Brown Denies
Russia Leads in
Missile Defense
BY BERNARD GWERTZMAN
Star Staff Writer

The Pentagon's top scientific
expert told the Senate today
that the United States is not
trailing the Soviet Union in
development of a missile de-
tense.
Taking issue with DR.. Ed
ward Teller's testimony yeSter-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
First Schooling

For 8-year-old James Wade,
brought to registration by his
grandmother, it will be his first
formal schooling. James BASH
fully managed a statement for
a reporter that he thought he
was going to love it,"
He can read pretty good and
prints his letters real good,
James grandmother said. Hi
only schooling has been at the
summer program.
Susie Saunders, 7-year-olC
who would have gone to schoo
last year If classes had beer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

although every effort is being
made to get as many as pos
sible to return.
Arthur Dudley, who former
ly was with the Michigan
State research team, was in
charge of registration. He esti-
mated before noon that about
500 children had been regis
tered, including about 200 who
had signed UP earlier at a sum-
mer school center operated for
Negroes in Farmville.
The first child to register to-
day was Charita boswell, g.
year-old daughter of Rudolf
boswell, farm agent for Prince
Edwards Negro population. The
county has separate agents for
whites and Negroes. Charita
has been attending schools for
three years in nearby Cumber-
land County. where her moth
er is an elementary school
teacher.
I'm very happy that schools
are being made available here"
said Mr.. boswell, who arrived
with his daughter a half hour
before registration began. I'm
urging the children to study
hard to try to catch up"
Charita murmured. II like
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

PortioI Transcript Of Presidents Press
Conference. Pose AS
Gen. Power Alone in Stond. Poee ALI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
BY PAUL HOPE
Star Staff Writer

FARMVILLE, Aug. 81. -
Bashful Negro boys and pig
tailed girls in freshly starched
dresses today began brushing
the dust of four years from
Mary E. Branch Elementary
School here.
It was the first time the
sound Of children and scratch
ing pencils had been heard in
the school since the spring of
1859. 1t was then that Prince
Edward County officials de-
cided they would rather have
no public schools than inte-
grated ones.
Today, students were sign
ing up for classes to be started
next month by the Prince Ed
ward Free School Association.
There still aren't any pub
lie school classes. But the
County School Board has
agreed to let the Free School
Association, whose organiza-
ton was announced last week
by Gov. Harrison, use some
buildings for classes for Ne
gro children who have been
largely without schooling for
four years.
Flag Hoist Sticks
In four years equipment
like the mind Of a child with
out schooling-can get a little
rusty.
When registrars tried to
raise the American flag on
Mary E. Branch's flagpole to-
day, they found the chain
which hoists the flag stuck
with rust. So they put the flag
on small wooden pole and
tied it to the base Of the metal
flagpole.
A Federal survey by a team
from Michigan State Univer-
sity has shown about 100 Ne.
groes Of school age in Prince
Edward. Registrars for thu
Free School Association sale
today they don't know hov
many will sign up for classes
Many OF the cider youth
who have missed four years O
schooling already are expected
to remain out permanently
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21
DANIEL BOONE
SAT- HERE

DANIEL BooNE's buffoIo.hids-
covered chair ond 500 eostumed
dolls, both foreign and American,
ore omons the 1000 exhibits on
view free at Seventeenth end D
streets NV. For detoiIs, plus
news Of other things to do. see or
heor rsOd Tomorrow in Woshins-
ton" on Pose CT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-21

District and vicinity-Fair tonight, low in
low 60s Mostly fair but some cloudiness
tomorrow and warm. Today's high, 80,
at pm; low, 81, at 4:30 am.
Full Report on Pose B-4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
FLORIDA PROPERTY

80 ACRES, highest land on Florida
east coast canal, walking distance
70 ocean. Excellent location for
ect. LU. 2-7392.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
TRAILERS
lcONIlNuEpl

BEST BUY. large selection. Vaca-
ton travel trailers. Truck campers,
no State tax, ali types Of bitches.
GLAscoCK TRAILER SUPPLY
SALES. Fairfax, Va. CIR. 3-2033,
CIR, 3-lblb.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
SEASRoRE PROPERTY
VACATION PLACES

REHoBoTH BEACH, DEL.-special
rates, Mabel !. Hayden. 81 Re-
hoboth ave, Apt. for 2 or 3 sdults.
July 8 to Sept. 2. Cottage, 4
adults. July IL 10 Aug, 10, For
info. call SIP. 2-bb39,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
LOTS, ACREAGE FOR SALE WATERFRONT PROP. SALEl
(coNTINUEp tcoNTINUEpl
tcoNTINUED)

COVE POINT, MD.-MIsHToWT's
FURN. COTTAGE on Light House
blvd, total cost, $1,000. dn. pay.
mt. 81 900. Disc. for cash. Call
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
MOTORCYCLES

ARIEL '57 65Oee. exceptionally
tween II am. and Q pm.
HARLEY DAVIDSON az, red, good
condition, $3.50. IA. 2-2205.
HARLEY '5S model IA" ovH. has
been In storage 3 yrs, all ac-
cessories, AP. 7-ll22.
TRIUMPH '63 scrambisf, 3 mo.
old, under 1000 miles, must sell.
S6e5 DICK" s49-Os60 ewes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
(coNTINUED)

CLOsE-IN FAIRFAX-6.3 acres Of
beautiful rolling land with 250-ft
frontage on 4 Y acre lake. S12,-
800. IKE. 6-bS6l.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
SUMMER HOMES

BETHANY BEACH. DEL. - Cool,
comfortable, furn. apis, 1 blk.
from ocean. Call METRAS, AID.
10000 or 532-519S after s pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06
COMMERCIAL GROUND
LOTS, ACREAGE FOR SALE

APT, HOUSE GROUNDS, Sc. -
VIII iuboOrdiansEt.. '0s sfa.OC S O B6s.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-06

CHEv. 81 4.df. hardtop, p,5., VS.,
auto y, ;T'n' $4,000 EPaalRRtts clean