davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21

On June II you published
a report Of an attack made
on my country by Senator
Ellender Of Louisiana. This
is the latest Of Q series Of
such attacks 30 phrased a.
to carry the irresistible i'm
plication that they are the
unhappy outcome Of the SEN
ator's desire TO assuage his
own conscience on the sub
ject OF the continued restric-
ton Of the rights Of q minor
ity group In the United
States.
Although the Senator con-
fers his accolade Of dishonor
only on Liberia, Ethiopia
and HAITI" he discloses quite
frankly the extent TO which
his Judgment was warped by
his obsessive pre-occupation
with the racial composition
Of the people and govern
ments OF those countries. His
real quarry Is not three ma
tons alone but all those in
dependent communities, OF
comparable ethnic origin,
which have emerged Of late
in Africa and the Caribbean
10 the accompaniment OF q
generous outpouring Of good
will In which the Senator has
not seen tit 10 join. He with
holds the hand Of friendship
and the cry OF encourage
ment from them as he does
Cunlike his fellow citizens by
whom he In fortunately out
numbered) from their cousins
on his own shores.
I assure him, however. that
his outmoded addiction 10
the practice OF race discrimi-
nation will not prevent either
the spread Of equality In the
United States or the con-
tinued march Of Liberia and
those other countries he i'm
pugns along the road Of prog
ress on which they have set
their feet.
II will be q sad blow 10 the
hopes OF m ankind every
where II, nearly 20 years
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21
LETTERS TO THE STAR.


The inconsistency Of the
Supreme Court decision on
prayers In schools Il APP
parent. The Court says that
this will not alter the prac-
tice Of. opening the sessions
Of Congress with prayer or
that It does not change the
inscription "In God We
Trust" on coins. Both schools
and Congress are supported
by public moneys, 50 the
prohibition on prayers II
1t applies to one, should
apply to the other. How
ever. 1t Is easy to see that
II the Supreme Court ever
tried to do away with Con-
gressional prayers. 1t would
not get away with 1t. Con-
gress would not stand still
for this injustice and affront.
The decision must have
delighted Khrushchev and
Castro and others of their
fix, because anything Of this
nature helps the cause of
goddess communism along
that much more.
~ G. r. HaughawOut.
= 80
The atheists and the God
haters have won an import
ant victory. But, does anyone
think they will stop therei
II the present trend il per-
mitted to continue, the day
is not far distant when Chris
tians will be caught in o hor-
rendous squeeze - forced to
choose whether they shall
obey the laws Of man or the
laws Of God, In the full
knowledge that obedience to
one Is disobedience to the
other. It may well be that, on
that day. this Nation will
begin to experience the
bloodiest civil strife in its
history-for ! have a feeling
that large numbers Of Amer
leans will be most intolerant
Of such tyranny.
Gilbert J. BrOckman.
- -
The Supreme Courts pray
er decision Is @ courageous
step away from government
control toward individualism
in the area Of freedom Of the
mind. The Bill Of Rights is q
promise which our society
has made to itself. meant
especially for q situation
such as this-where q great
majority, in the name Of all
that is good. would infringe
upon the basic rights Of o
small minority, even upon
their own rights without
realizing 1t. II 1t were not for
nine men morally and legally
obligated to put justice above
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21
DIPLOMATIC Dressing Down for Senator EIIender

Certainly, the Senator
should know that It was not
he or people who believe as
he does. who preserved the
freedom and independence
of Ethiopia over o span Of
several thousand years. In
dependence Is Q great
achievement In itself. espe-
cially In Africa where the
vulturous rapaciousness Of
colonialisn was In Its full
tide. II the Senator Is seek
ing an excuse for the sup
preston and bondage Of the
black race, he has chosen In
Ethiopia q very poor exam
pie indeed. Ethiopia Il q
paragon Of freedom, main
stay Of liberty and inspira-
ton TO universal justice In
human affairs.
However. like all countries,
Ethiopia has problems and
is trying her best 10 solve
them in an atmosphere Of
friendship with other coun-
tries. without dwelling on
Ethiopia's past glories and
the history Of It's civilization
through which she has made
her contributions to the
world over several thousand
years, suffice II 10 say that
since World War II, she has
made notable strides In the
major areas Of her economy.
Ethiopia believes In equality
for all people, regardless Of
race, color or creed. II con-
dennis unreservedly the view
Of superiority OF one race
over another. Al the same
time she also believes that
all human beings are far
from being perfect and,
therefore. would refrain from
hasty judgments OF others.
We believe II Is not too much
10 expect the same respect
from Senator Ellender.
Berhaneu Dlnke,
Ambassador from Ethiopia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21

Senator Goldwater Of Ari-
IONA has taken over the lead
for the Republican presiden-
tiaI nomination which for
merly, by general consent,
was accorded to Gov. Rookie
Teller Of New York. He has,
indeed. become the 'front.'
runner at this time, whether
he likes 1t or not. The strong
sentiment In favor Of a Gold
water nomination, disclosed
in The Washington Stars
poll Of members Of the Re-
publican National Commit
tee and Republican State
Chairmen, made public last
Sunday. is not O political
myth. The men and women
who expressed their choices
on the presidential nominal
ton are members Of the
party's national and State
organizations. Those who gave
Sen. Goldwater their votes
come from 20 Of the so States,
and from q political subdiv-
sion which also sends dele
gates to the Republican Ma
tional Convention.
The Man to Beat
Senator Goldwater's promi-
hence In these early days. Of
the drive for the @. o. p.
presidential nomination has
made him the man to stop"
or beat for the time being, II
any one wants to stop him.
And presumably some do -
especially the extreme liberals
in the Republican Party and
more moderate progressives
who feel he could not carry
the big industrial States Of
the East, like New York,
Pennsylvania, New Jersey and
Connecticut.
One effect Of the disclosure
Of Goldwater strength has
been to make other potential
candidates sit up and take
notice and others are likely
to follow suit, at least to the
extent Of becoming favorite-
son candidates in their own
States. For example, Gov.
William w. Scranton Of
Pennsylvania, who up to last
Monday had SHE'D away from
any mention Of himself as a
possible nominee for Presi-
dent, said In an interview
That ne may become his
States favorite son and so
lead the Pennsylvania dele
cation. II he goes through
with this plan, and party
leaders there have urged him
to do 50, he will become q
candidate in Pennsylvania
presidential primary which
probably will be held late in
April. 1t seems unlikely that
any other potential candidate
would challenge Gov. Scran-
ton In this primary. If he
does not enter the primary,
however, 1t will be wide open.
There exists already q good
deal Of support for Senator
Goldwater in the Keystone
State. without Gov. Scran-
ton in the primary. the Arr
IONA Senator might have q
good chance to win 1t. The
Pennsylvania primary is not
binding on the States dele
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Clarity of Thought on the Law
BY DONALD MINTZ

hears the contrary assertion,
he says, II always wonder
what the speaker does when
he comes to . stop sign. Does
1t influence his conduct?
Would he favor the repeal or
nonenforcement Of the laws
against bribery, on the ground
that law cannot affect deeply
entrenched evil? OF
course. the answer Is that
neither this nor any other of
the standard objections TO
the vigorous use Of law to
fight racism Is ever tested by
general application TO other
fields"
But what about freedom
Of association" that tabled
slogan? The freedom
asserted" writes Prof. Black.
sis one utterly unknown else
where In our society. A man
who went TO q railroad sta
ton restaurant under the i'm
preston that he had q general
right to choose the people
who would sit at the counter
with him would be q candi-
date for institutional treat
ment. People who send their
children to the public schools
have generally to submit to
their associating there with
such other children as may
attend isn't It obvious
that this argument can be
applied, and In meant to be
applied, only as q justification
for discrimination against the
members Of one racer"
In other essays. Prof. Black,
who by the way, 10 q Texan.
marshals impressive argu-
ments against the gradual
approach to desegregation
admitted by the Supreme
Courts language IN Brown
vs.. School Board. He feels
that gradualism has made
matters more difficult all
around.
Elsewhere. Prof. Brown
deals briefly with q key
problem Of criminal law, safe
guards that appear TO "bias
our criminal justice In favor
OF the accused" He considers
complaints and fears" on
this score TO be without basis.
They . arise" he writes,
from blindness Cor self
blinding) TO the gross nature
Of the background against
which these restraining rules
operate: A lone man, more
often poor than not, ignorant
OF law and police procedure,
against the brains and money
and technical skill Of the
state"
Lawyers will be particularly
interested In Prof. Blacks
brilliant excursions into land
against) notions Of natural
law. Everyone interested in
clear thought about current
problems will be fascinated by
THE Occasions Of Justice"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21

and Gomorrah-which well
richly deserve.
Elizabeth Winston.
-
The reading OF the Bible
does not hurt anyone, prob
ably doesn't do any good
either. Standing and saying
the Lords Prayer or Just
standing there. saying no
thing does not harm anyone
either. With all our talk Of
freedom we do not realize
what 1t Is; 1t Is freedom Of
mind and not always express
sion. It Ia God-given and
sacred and belongs TO every
one and he doesn't even have
to assert himself to have 1t.
Without any outward ex-
preston q child can accept or
reject the opening exercise,
Just as he accepts or rejects
everything else that he sees
or hears. This Is his true
right, his true freedom, and
he doesn't have to 60 stomp
ing out of the class or 20 to
the Supreme Court to exer-
else 1t.
Dawn C. Hendricks.
I regard the public school
as . place for teaching Of
facts and for scientific In
vestigation Of that which Is
not yet known to be fact; it
is not o place for carrying on
Sectarian exercises based on
fear and sllperstitions Of the
early inhabitants Of this
globe.
One question that has
never been satisfactorily
answered: Why Is 1t better
for children TO pray In
school than to pray at home
before going to school?
ROY r. TOrcaSO,
4 4
With the tremendous div
ersity of beliefs and disbe-
liefs. no teacher may answer
. child's questions on the
meaning Of prayer. As q
former Sunday School teach
er. I feel that prayers should
not be said In an atmosphere
Of bewilderment or coersion.
and that no educator should
expound . lesson he Is I'M
willing or unable to explain.
Such prayers then become
inappropriate to Q secular
school situation.
Let prayers remain in
home. in church and In the
daily living Of those who
wish to live by them. but let
the teachers be relieved Of
this public promotion Of what
should be . very individual
matter. Martha Lewis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21

popularity. to keep the pro-
mise. II we circumvent their
ruling our present and fu-
ture society will suffer the
consequences.
Andrew c.. Teter.
Since the child is endowed
with physical, intellectual and
moral capacities, all these
must be developed harmoni-
ously. An education that
quickens the intelligence and
enriches the mind with knowl-
edge, but fails to develop the
will and direct 1t to the prac-
tice Of virtue, may produce
scholars, but 1t cannot pro-
duce good men. The exclusion
Of moral training from the
educative process Is more
dangerous In proportion to
the thoroughness with which
the intellectual powers are
developed, because 1t gives
the impression that morality
is Of little Importance, and
thus sends the pupil into life
with q false idea which Is not
easily corrected.
Walter p. O'COnnell.
No nation was ever more
devoutly conceived; yet. CEN
turtles later, there Is abso-
lutely no evidence Of an Of
fetal church, nor Of govern
ment support for any religi-
Gus belief except belief In
God.
Supporters Of school prayer
have never commended that
these prayers-recited in uni
son-necessarily find favor
in the sight Of God-but
who is there to say they do
not? Nor Is the recognition
of God in school meant to
replace prayer in the home.
The real issue is religious
freedom = freedom to offer
prayers In our public schools
and freedom not to particle
pate. This freedom distin-
cuisines our Nation from god
less Russia.
Samuel Taylor.
Isn't 1t time to sit down
hard on the Supreme Court
once and for alp
Ronald H. Harner.
&c -
But for Gods goodness and
bounty, we would have no
country. no laws-and GER
tainly no Constitution at all.
Failure TO be conscious Of
this fact. and to publicly and
frequently acknowledge our
gratitude will stamp US as
ingrates, and Wen probably
fall heir to the fate Of Sodom
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21
THE POLITICAL MILL
BY GOULD LINCOLN
Smoking Out the G. or. HopefuIs

cation to the q. o. p. ma
tional conyention---1nerely q
preference Of the voters. As
such 1t could have consider
able value to any candidate.
Pennsylvania has the third
largest delegation in the ma
tional convention. One Of the
main reasons for having Gov.
Scranton as a favorite-s son
candidate is to hold the dele
cation together, instead Of
having 1t split over a number
Of presidential possibilities,
and so put Pennsylvania in q
strong position when the vot-
ing on candidates begins.
The Goldwater predomi-
nance may also smoke out
the Governor Of Michigan,
George Romney. who has de-
clared he wishes only to stay
on as Governor Of his State
but who has been acting like
q receptive candidate for
the presidential nomination.
Michigan Republican lead
ers-and the 0overnor-may
follow the lead Of Pennsyl-
vania Republicans and enter
Gov. Romney as q favorite-
son candidate. He and Gov.
Scranton are both in position
to accept q presidential nom
nation next year and. II de.
feated in the general election,
still have q couple Of years to
serve out their terms as Gov
ernor. Gov. Rockefeller has
never announced his candi-
dacy, but he Is expected to
head New York's convention
delegates.
Three FavOrite- Son States
Colorado. Minnesota and
Wisconsin Republican leaders
already have indicated they
will offer favorite-son candi-
dates. on the theory that the
choice Of a presidential can
didate should not be assured
until the national convention
delegates have had an oppor-
tunity to meet and attempt
to make UP their minds on
the most competent and
likely-to-win candidate. Wis
consin has an important pres
idential primary coming up
next spring, too. and Q favor
ite-son candidate is needed,
1t is said, unless Senator
Goldwater or some other can
didate is to have the Badger
States delegation instructed
for him. The Wisconsin Re-
publicans have, 1t appears,
agreed on Representative
John w. Byrnes as the man
to become their favorite-son
candidate.
Senator Goldwater has
never announced his candi-
dacy, although pressed to do
so by many supporters. He is
not expected to say YEA or
nay" until 1854. In D number
Of the States q Goldwater-
for-President movement Is
building UP. This early organ
ization could be very effec-
tive. Goldwater supporters in
sist their man IL not q reac-
tionary but . conservative
who believes not In standing
still but In progress-sound
progress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21

TICE, Essays Mostly o
Law. BY Charles L. Blacl
jr. 213 PIP. (The Macmilla
Co.; $50
The layman-unfairly per-
haps-tends to think Of law
yers as men whose mission In
life Is to raise confusions and
invent obfuscations rattle r
than to put them to rest.
Charles L. Black. jr.. Pro-
lessor Of Jurisprudence at
Yale, is interested In the Sec
ond activity. Most often he
brings order out Of chaos by
eliminating irrelevancies and
reducing the area over which
q discussion ranges. Some
times he produces the same
effect by demonstrating that
a debate Is taking place with
In artificially narrow bounds.
A majority Of the essays in
THE Occasions Of Justice
in one way or another touch
on the problems Of segrega-
ton. Almost sll Of them have
been published before, and we
are moving so rapidly In this
area that they already have
acquired q faint aroma Of
history.
Nevertheless, the magnifi-
cent clarity Of the thought Is
still impressive and impor-
tant. It would be pleasant to
be able TO add Influential"
10 the chain Of adjectives.
Here, for example, Prof.
Black deals with the notion
that since segregation Is
largely q matter Of morality.
1t Is not q fit subject for leg
islation:
by and large our laws ex-
press our morality. True.
they express 1t imperfectly.
But who objects to q law
against forgery, on the
ground that forgery rs i'm
moral, and therefore not
suitable to be dealt with by
law?
The aspect Of truth In this
distinction between legality
and morals probably Is 10 be
found in the realm Of such
conduct a. chiefly affects
only the doer But public
racial discrimination entirely
lacks this character. Lynch
ing, exclusion from voting.
Job discrimination. segrega-
tion--these things by their
very nature. affect not only
the people who practice them
but also the people who ore
subjected 10 them. II Is the
very heart Of the laws bust
ness 10 deal with such mat
ters, and IL seems nothing
short OF fantastic 10 object
on the ground that the illegal
actions are immoral as well. T"
Prof. Black believes that
law. can indeed affect be-
havior and custom. When he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-21

buggy bear Of man" Unfortunately,
he's back in Moscow, where he can't
help the British party by kissing babies
or hugging susceptible women voters.
Maybe what the British need is a
new party-one that everyone is invited
to.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03
JACKSON SOCIAL
NEWS
BY SARAH McNEAMER HARVEY
BY SARAH McNEAMER HARVEY

izing the salaries of school
teachers in Mississippi.
MRS. JOHN JONES of 1881
Mayes Street is home again
after an enjoyable vacation
that took her to Chicago as
guest of her sister-in-law, Mrs.
Leona Smith; in Gary, Ind,
with sisters and brothers and
in Detroit, Mich, with a broth
er and step-father She re-
ports many social courtesies
enjoyed.
TUESDAY, AUGUST 6 /.
is ELECTION DAY voters
will go to the polls to put into
office, men and women to
serve as public officials on the.
local, county and state levels
Again we BEG ALL QUA
LIFTED VOTERS TO VOTE
If you do not have both
of your POLL TAX Receipts
(For 1861 and 1862 go to the
County Court House and get
duplicate receipts only a
small fee Remember what
you have learned about mark
ing and folding your ballots. :.
and then VOTE YOUR CON-
VICTIONS A VOTELESS
PEOPLE WILL FOREVER BE
A HOPELESS PEOPLE.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03

Simon Hill. Mrs. Jessie Lee May
field; Pilgrim Rest, Mrs. Mary
Ella Washington; Harvest Chap
el, Mrs. Zettie Bouldin; st. Paul,
Mrs. Mary !. Coleman; Ridley
Hill, Mrs. Leora Mcdonald; ril-
grim Rest, Mrs. Louise Taylor:
Ross Chapel, Mrs. Earnestine
Gross, Tyler Chapel. Mrs. Joseph
Inc Saddler.
Ushers will be Mesdames W. M.
Bailey. Earnest Lee Smith. Lee
Earnest Tyler. Rosie Lee John
son. Ida Lee Caldwell, Bennie
Lou Bouldin. finance Committee:
Mesdanes Willett Jeffrey, Sarah
McLaurm, Francis Grays, Joanna
Walls, Callie Bouldin; Refresh
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03
The Youth Fraternity Of B,

The Youth Fraternity Of Beth
sheba Grand Chapter. Order Of
Eastern Star, rendered a pro-
gram at the opening session Of
the organizations 73rd Grand
Session Monday evening.
Participants were: Randolph
Shannon, Charles Ivory, Geral-
dine Minnie. Gwendolyn Shan
non, James Johnson. Sam /. VIII
iams, The Jones Sisters, Betty
V. Cummings, Lois Y. Goodson,
Devarieste Curry, Ca'Lannye
Thomas, Jerry Lee johnson, Mar
garet Walker, Bennie Steward,
Jr.. and Barbara Jean Shannon.
Closing remarks were made by
Lady Mable O'Lott, Grand Royal
Matron. Lady Ruth Foster is
counselor for the youth and Miss
Violet e. Williams is assistant
counselor.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03
WOMAN,S DAY SET

The annual Woanans' Day viii
be held at Mt. Pleasant NIB.
Church Sunday under the aus
pices of the women Of the church.
The Rev. NC. Taylor Is pastor.
Theme for the service viii be:
Christian Women on 4 Mission
For Christ.
Women viii have charge Of the
Sunday School with Mrs. Bette
Lewis acting as superintendent:
Mrs. Violet z. Williams. In charge
of the Mems Bible Class, and Mrs.
Willie B. Davis reviewing the
lesson.
The call to worship will be made
by Mrs. Fannie Sanders and the
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03

devotion will be in charge of Mes
DANES Emma Triggs. Lena Mae
jackson. Sallie Thompson. Bobbie
Bouldin, Laura Robinson, Pearl
Bouldin, Evelyn Thompson and
Nina Bell Smith. Announcements
will be made by Mrs. Jessie Bell
Henderson.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03
CARD OF THANKS

We wish to take this oppor-
tunlty of expressing our heart
felt thanks in the loss of our
father. For the food, flowers,
cards and prayers; to Rev. J..
A. Brown for his words of
comfort and to People Funer-
al Home for their efficient
service we are sincerely
grateful.
May Gods richest blessings
be yours. Signed: Lamar
Bennett and Family.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03
CARD OF THANKS

The family of the late Mr..
Lemuel E. Bynum take this
method to express deep and
sincere thanks and apprecia-
tion to their many friends for
all acts of sympathy and kind
ness shown during the illness
and death of their beloved
one They pray Gods bless
ings on each of you. Signed:
Mrs. Idella Bynum and daugh-
tiers.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03

Tyler, Mesdames Willette Jeffrey,
Sarah McLaurin, Francis Grays,
Joanna Walls. Callie Bouldin and
Cecola Collins.
Closing remarks will be made
by Mrs. Fannie Sanders. presi-
dent Of the Missionary Society and
the Rev. Taylor.
Representing the 70 10 ing
churches with greetings will be:
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03

Following the welcome by Mrs.
Daisey Hickerson, "The Occas-
sion" viii be given by Mrs. Ber-
tn o. Bouldin. The guest speak
er, Mrs. Leonia Anderson, will be
introduced by Mrs. Jessie B.
Jones.
Other participants will be the
Bouldin Sisters, Mrs. Lee Earnest
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03

A Green Tea was held In the
home of Mrs. Smith On Cadallac
Drive recently by the Cara In
tese Club. 49,.
The next meeting Of the clnb
will be held at the home Of Mrs.
Williams at 1Se Subway Street.
Officers are: Mrs. Tucker, pfesi-
dent; Mrs. Mary Smith. secre-
tary; Mrs. Easter Calhoun. treas
wer. Mrs. Nancy Jackson. 70
porter.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03

ment committee: Mrs. Lena WI,
lianns, Cecola Collins, Ethel VIZ
liams, Ella McEFoy, Mary Pat.
terson.
The public ID invited.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-03
This N That

BY Sarah nj. Harvey
FOR TODAY:
THE only sure way to i'm
prove our circumstances is
to improve ourselves. Poll
ties, labor organizations
lobbying, liberalism, dues,
fees nor legislation have any
real bearing on our indivi-
dual Improvement. I'm
provement is mental and
spiritual, before it is ply
sical."
Selected +. /.