davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
February 1924
: America Observes National Brotherhood Week

The sfatherhood of God and bro
therhood of man is accepted by Chris
'tians everywhere = but it is a precept
which seems to be honored more in the
breach than the observance in our part
OF the country today. In Mississippi
some folks are afraid to even mention
"brotherhood.'
Yet at the same time we all know
the world and mankind will never be
at peace until the brotherhood Of mar
is established under God.
1t is with this thought we call
your attention to National Brotherhood
Week this week in America = an OBJ
servance sponsored each year by the
National Conference of Jews.
If, by noting this observance, we
can turn your thoughts inwardly for a
few moments, perhaps the words will
not be written in vain. 1t is inside our
minds and hearts that the battles must
first be fought and won over sin and
It's accompanying evils of hate, pre-
Judice, intolerance. discrimination. bias
and bigotry. AS a man thinks in his
heart, so is he.
Not until we as a people are willing
to put on the armor of love and respect
for all men as human beings can we
claim q desire to make the world safe
for the children of tomorrow. Unless
the adults of today are willing to try
to build a better world for everyone it
is entirely conceivable there will be no
world for anyone.
This is an Individual responsibility
we all share. We must be willing to &C
cept and discharge it on an individual
basis, not only as professed Christians,
but AS human beings.
We can perform this obligation to
God and our fellowman, by loving,
rather than hating; by regarding and
treating everv human being as one of
Gods own and according to him and
his the rights, dignity and peace due
each of Gods creatures. Human dignity
is what all mankind is striving for to-
day - and how little this is under
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21

stood by some of us - mostly because
we just don't care enough.
Or perhaps it is because we lack
real faith in God and do not really be-
lleve the religion we profess. We wrap
1T around us like a cloak on Sunday
but make certain it does not change
our inbred prejudices or interfere with
anything we want to do during the
week. We remain silent when we should
speak out against evil, lest we offend
u fellowman, caring little that we Of
fend God. We rationalize our failure to
take a stand on the great moral and
social issues of our day = issues which
cry for 9. Christian solution.
This Kind of religion, as much as
no religion at all, has already weakened
the moral fabric of our society so that
we live today in fear, rather than faith.
If we had real faith we would not fear
what man can do to us, secure in the
knowledge that God always cares for
His own.
So if we would truly build a better
world tomorrow for all of the children
today and their children's children,
surely a great and worthwhile goal,
then we should begin now by eliminat-
ing from our WI lives hate, intolerance
and bitterness, and replace them with
love, compassion, good will and under
standing toward all men.
If we could find within us the a.
bility to place ourselves in the other
fellows shoes, and weigh him against
his position in life, his background and
opportunity, or lack of it, perhaps we
could learn to be more understanding
and charitable, rather than sitting in
harsh judgment, as we are prone to do.
If we are inclined to feel SNUG or SUI
perior we might we'll remember "there
but for the grace of God, go T." We
should always remember, too, that all
good and great gifts come from God
and that to whom much is given, much
also is required. What have we done to
earn u many blessings?
Today is a good time to begin.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
PATIENT PAYS TRIBUTE
TO HOSPITAL
Thy James B. Keeling)

This is a tribute to the
nursing staff and personnel
of the Holmes County Com
munity Hospital. who for the
past two weeks have handled
the greatest number of pa
tients in the institutions his
tory, 48 patients in a 43 bed
hospital. Even the offices of
the administrator and super
lntendent of nurses were
turned into bedrooms for the
sick. The nurses and nurses
aides, virtually all of whom
are from Holmes County
worked with businesslike eff
ficiency to meet the chal-
lenge. 4
This writer was a patient
and marveled at the nice
treatment each patient re-
ceived from attendants, in a
sweet home-like manner.
The two doctors, Brumby
and Dunn have been work
ing eighteen hours a day and
seem t~irelsss. DR.. Herring
was called into the armed
services end is greatly miss
ed. The hospital is served by
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
COUNTY OBSERVES ONE
BIRTHDAY

Holmes County was one
: hundred years old February
10, 1888, according to a soil
: survey official bulletin be-
longing to R. A. Stigler.
prominent citizen of Licking
ton.
Holmes County was origi-
nally a part of the territory
forming the large county of
Kinds. ceded to the United
States bv the Choctaw IN
dams in the treaty Of Doak's
Stand on October Is. 1920.
IT was known for a long
time as the New Purchase.
The survey bulletin relates
that the first farms in Hol-
mes County were cleared be-
tween 1925 and 1895. and
the four earliest settlements
were Rankin. MONTGOMERY.
Vernon and Georgeville, all
pr"y extinct.
Before the Civil War large
r~iante+;ors were in onera-
ton in tn rour+v. which
were practically se1f-support-
irg EVERYTHING needed was
grown on the plantations ex-
CENT as.
tea And coffee. Al cotton.
goods, wearing apparel and
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
Through The Years
Items OF interest from the past taken from our filea
of The Lexington Advertiser and The Durant News.
BY Ruth B. Flower
TEN YEARS AGO

eleven other doctors located
in communities surrounding
Lexington.
John Weathersby, Is year
old star Pee Wee appeared
with acute appendicitis and
was operated upon at once.
And on Friday at what was
thought to be the end of a
hectic day, at 1920 p. m. a
baby girl was delivered to
Mrs. Emmett Reese, the for
mer Miss Mary Elizabeth
Thurmond, whose husband
Lieutenant Reese had rush
ed to Lexington for the great
event.
The writer asked a doctor
which patient would be first,
if an appendix and a baby
were ready at the same time.
He replied, "the baby first"
THE ethics of medicine gives
motherhood priority over
everything
So John will have to be
satisfied to be champion of
the male division. Two other
major operations were per-
formed that day.
A pleasing revelation was
the cooperation of Lexington
and Durant Hospitals. When
one needs help it calls on
the other.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
THIRTY YEARS ACC

shoes were made at home.
Cotton was the only money
crop, and as there were no
railroads, it was necessary to
haul the staple by wagon to
points on Yazoo River. to be
shipped by boat. Some cot
ton was hauled to Jackson
where there was a railroad.
Crops were cotton, corn,
wheat, oats, tobacco. and
enough beef and pork was
produced to meet domestic
demands.
Very few plantations in
the delta section were noted
before 1850. These were To-
Gated on Tchula Lake and
the Yazoo River.
Mr.. Stig1er is anxious for
Holmes County to have an
exhibit in Chicago in June,
at the celebration Of The
Century of Progress to be
held there this summer.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21

but we need the assistance
of all citizens, and more es-
pecially the assistance of
the news media, in bringing
about a more favorable pub
lie opinion with regards to
preventing forest fires.
Mississippi's annual major
fire season is Just beginning.
The period February-April
yearly accounts for more
than half of orr total fires.
We want to thank YOU for
YOUR cooperation in the past
in promoting our forest re-
sources and fire prevention.
We would aprreciate anv
editorial comment YOU care
to make on the forest fire
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21

Newspapers of Mississippi have
come in for criticism from a number
of people within the past year for fail
ure to live up to our responsibilities.
Unfortunately, much of the criti-
cism has been we'll based.
Mississippians generally were in
furiated when Publisher Ralph McGiH
OF the Atlanta Constitution after the
riots at Oxford spoke of our being
sick" on a national television net
work, although responsible state lead
ers and some editors had privately
made virtually the same statement.
Mr.. McGill included politicians. bust
nessmen and the clergy, along with the
press, in the power structure of the
state which helped make events at Ok
ford possible.
incidentally, the Department of
Journalism at Ole Miss last week pro-
tested the Unfversity's second semes-
ter curtailment Of wide open campus
coverage by newsmen, saying: ''The
press did not create 1.-The situation at
Ole Miss. Free expression did not stifle
reason. Indeed, if more people had
spoken more freely, more openly, more
quickly, the crisis might we'll have
been tempered."O
The point to be remembered is
that our newspapers largely help de-
termine or create the atmosphere in
which Mississippians live and to some
extent how they react to pressing
issues of the day. If the people are
well informed on what is happening,
thew are more likely to be able to cope
with problems that arise and find the
best possible solution.
On the other hand, if the true facts
are withheld and people are misled into
making wrong decisions, then every
one. including the state, suffers.
Tt is not the business or the right
of the newspaper to concern itself with
in~doctrination. bv giving only one side
of the question. Instead. " is orr duty
and responsibility tn see that the neo-
pie get all the information POSSIBLE,
esneciallv on controversial nitric issues
affecting the welfare If all the people.
Within rncenf DAYS also The Me-
cisoinni Advisory Committee to fhn
Rights, composed Of Mississippians,
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21

most of them native to the state, said
the press in Mississippi generally is
failing to meet it's obligation to u
society,""
The committee said press accounts
of its meetings "have usually been fair
and objective"
Where the press is lacking in Mis-
sissippi, according to the Commission,
is that it has failed to report in its
news columns many acts of violence In
the state carried out by officers who
are sworn to uphold and defend the
law. The report said:
"When an element of government
exceeds or neglects its proper role id
a free society it is the duty of the
press to alert the people to the situa-
ton. The people of Mississippi are
largely naware of the extent of the
problem of illegal official violence and
the press is partly to blame. It (the
press) is a Jealous crusader against
government injustice when the Federal
Government is believed to be at fault,
but closes its eyes to State or local Of
ficial mistreatment of Negro citizens"
Those were the exact words iii
the Commissions report - and IN
formed Mississippians know they are
not exaggerated. There are many
crimes of violence committee, official
and otherwise, which never receive
publicity.
Personally, we believe in the peo-
pie of Mississippi and their innate de-
sire for fair play and equal protection
of all people under the law, one of the
most basic concerts of a free. demo-
cratic societv.l without which your
freedom and mine is in grave danger,
as well as our safety.
And we believe that il the people
of Mississippi know about the crimes
nf violence which hapnen. If thev are
jnforrned nv an alert. RESPONSIBLE rress,
+hev will do something ahouF them. An
a+moerhnrn Of responsibility win he
croated in which these crimes viii M
longer occur. Orr entire state would
benefit ~ p result. re would be 4 better
place to five.
Remember this: if we stand idly
Nv todav while corrupted men use
their nnwer to abuse one d4fenseless
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
EDDIE RICKENBACKER
TO ADDRESS

Captain Eddie Rickenback-
err will address the High
School Victory Corps over
the Blue Network and Mu-
tual Networks on Sunday
afternoon. according to E. r.
Jobe, State Corps Director.
Captain Rickenbacker dis
lclosed recently that the High
School Victory Corps was a
topic of discussion while the
stranded rubber RATS drifted
in the mighty Pacific ocean.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
TWENTY YEARS AGO

cry IL, 1913. They were mar
ried in Memphis in 1888, are
the parents of seven chill
dren, fourteen grandchildren
and three great grandchil-
dren. Four of their grand
sons are now in the armed
forces.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
The Editor

interposition is not a constitutional ?
doctrine. If taken seriously, it is Illegal
defiance of constitutional authority. -
The main basis for challenging this rul-d
i%nterposed itself in the field Of public
education over which it has exclusive
CONTROL This objection is without sub q
stance, as we held, upon full considera5y
ton, in Cooper v Aaron" .noitoibs
The President of the United States
has been censured, vilified, and malignllI
ed because of his use of the National.
Guard and military forces in restoring
peace and order at the university aands
hin the city of Oxford. 1t is argued that
his actions violate various sections of
the United States Constitution" These
arguments are utterly without merit
Historically the President ofdtitheD
United States as commander in chief
has always used the powers vested in
him by law and by virtue of his posio
ton as chief executive to cope with dis
aster, riots and insurrection. The, gov
ernor by state law is vested with the
same powers and could have exercised,
them to preserve peace and order. In
the Mississippi case of State VS.. NC
Phail the Supreme Court of the state,
OF Mississippi, speaking of the, powers
vested in the governor, said: oils 20
1T was fOreseen, however, by the
trainers of the Constitution that for
n cause or another, local conditions
would sometimes arise which ~ would
render the local authorities powerless
to enforce the laws, or unwilling or a!
frald to do so. 1t was to meet such
conditions, as one of its purposes, that
the constitutional and statutory au-
thority which we have above men
toned in respect to the execution of
the laws was vested I'm the Governor =.
Every power at his command given by
the Constitution and statutes may be
brought into play so far as neededbto
effect the enforcement of the law. He
may select the military as agents to,
act for him: for it is manifest that he
cannOt personally do all executive acts
Mississippi cannot become a great
industrial state while engaged Gin an
undeclared war with the federal gov
eminent. 1t cannot maintain the r
spect of its sister states and the nation
if it permits states rights extremists
TO be its spokesman. 90
When our country has oobeen
threatened, patriotic Mississippians
have been among the first to rally TO
It's defense. Our state is now threaten
ed from within = not by the bfederal
government = hut by those VIA insist
they are liissi13ippians firsSr9iand
Americans second. saibsoor
We are Americans bv allepiance
and Mississippians by residence Sec
ton 8 of the Constitution of the state
OF Mississippi expressly declares "aal1l
persons, resident in this state. citizens
OF the United States, are hereby de-
clared to be citizens of the State of
Mississippi" al b9r9
A citizen of Mississippi can change
his state citizenship at any time by
moving his residence to another state.
He carries his United States citizen
ship wherever he goes. We are An1eri-
cans first and Mississippians second. 81
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21

The people Of Mississippi have
beer told that the actions of Gov. Bar
nett preceding the Oxford riots were
justified under the Constitution of the
United States, and specifically under
the Tenth Amendment to the Constitu-
ion of the United States which provides
that:
'The powers not delegated to the
United States by the Constitution, nor
prohibited by it to the States, are
reserved to the States respectively, or
to the people"
It is argued that the State of Mis-
sissippi alone has the right TO deter
mine for itself what powers are re-
served to it under the Tenth Amend
ment. Under the American system Of
government the Supreme Court of the
United States alone can determine what
powers are reserved to the states. To
hold otherwise would result in so states
travelling in so different directions.
The federal union would be a nullity.
Chief Justice Marshall established
the doctrine of the judicial supremacy
of the Supreme Court of the United
States in 1903 in the famous case of
Marbury VS.. Madison. This doctrine
has been accepted by the executive,
Legislative and judicial branches of u
federal government, and is recognized
and followed by our so highest state
courts, including the Supreme Court of
the state of Mississippi.
Were the actions of Gov. Barnett
illegal and in open defiance of the law?
In Cooper VS.. Aaron (the Little Rock
school case) decided on September 29,
1853, the Supreme Court Of the United
States said: 4r o9 .[4a ~.
"No state legislator Or executive
Or judicial officer can war against the
Constitution without violating his I'M
dertaking to support it. Chief Justice
Marshall spoke for a unanimous Court
in saying that: If the legislatures of
the several states may, at will, annul
the judgments of the courts of the
United States, and destroy the rights
acquired under those judgments, the
constitution itself becomes a solemn
mockery ...' United States VS.. Peters.
A governor who asserts a power to
nullify a federal court order is similar
" restrained. If he had such power,
said Chief Justice Hughes, in 1892, also
for a unanimous Court, it is manifest
that the fiat of q state Governor, and
not the Constitution of the United
States, would be the supreme law of
the land; that the restrictions of the
Federal Constitution upon the exercise
Of state power would be but impotent
phrases. .
The doctrine of interposition, that
is the right of the state to interpose
the sovereignty of the state as against
asserted illegal federal action, has
never been accepted in the United
States. However, ever this last pos
sible argument was stricken down by
the Supreme Court of the United
States in the case of United States vs..
Louisiana decided on December IL,
1860. In that case, quoting with APP
prevail the language Of the lower court.
the Supreme Court of the United
said:
The Conclusion is clear that
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
The Oxford Disaster =.
Price Of Defiance: One Nation IndivisibIe

Cribs is the third of five articles written by State Representative Karl
Wiesenburg of Jackson County on the Ole Miss desegregation crisis. The
series, which was first published in The Chronicle, PascagouIa, Miss,
VIII be If great interest and value to our readers in helping them to
understand the legal background of events at Oxford. Rep. Wiesenburg
Is a able legal scholar and we believe he has performed a notable public
service in writing this series. We are happy to be able to publish i)
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21

Educators play q unique
role il the u. S. Savinps
PnnIs rroeram. They person
civ invest. and through the
school Savings prooram. tell
the;r students - our maturinq
citizens facts about the
Encouragement Of our national
aeb+ Res,1If:: be*ter rae~ers
Of this Nations future!
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
Letter TO Editor
MISSISSIPPI
COMMISSION
1106 voolfolk Building
Jackson Miss

UdChOO1I 111o0.
Der Editor:
AS YOU know Mississippi
annually ranks at or near
the TOP in the number OF
forest trees. The people Of
orr State lose multiplied
thousands Of dollars to this
destructive agent each year.
Your Mississippi Forestry
Commission is we'll euuipned
s-I manned to handle the
~detArticn and control OF fires
in R1 rs protected counties.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
The Lexington Advertiser
Thursday, Feb. 81, 1863

- $500 @ Ha vtM
HAZEL BRAKNON SMITH nArz Walter Dbl Editor M Publisher
EstahAhhed In 1887 - Published Every Thursday = Subscription rates.NA nv-
where in Holmes County $500 yer year: Outside Holmes County $3.50 pr year.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
JOE WINS
All CLUB AWARD

Joe Braddock, Lexington.
was selected as county All
Club winner in a project on
land-use, beef, corn and pigs
with a net profit of $165.O0.
Joe is the Is year old son
Of Mr.. and Mrs. Joe L. Brad
dock and has been in the
club work five years.
The award of War Stamps
was presented by The Mis-
sissippi Chain Stores Council,
to the outstanding All Club
member in each of the 80
counties in the state, for
maintaining the best records.
4
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21
SAM COHENS CELEBRATE
WEDDING ANNIVERSARY

Mr.. and Mrs. Sam Cohen
of Lexington quietly cele-
brated their fifty-fifth we'd
ding anniversary on Febru-
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-02-21

situation and the Comnnis-
sion's activities in this field.
Enclosed are several mats
carving a forest fire pre-
vention theme. It is hobed
that you will be able to use
these messa ges in your pub
lication either AS a public
service or as sponsored ads
bv local persons or firms.
If We can be of service TO
you in any way, please adj
wise. - +
Sincerely. i93isos 3
Q u19Ji6q
Jack Holman,j q
odT 10.
--. State Forester I'd
TH:bid f5ha
The chronicle., 1963-10-02
Dillon Urges
Uniformity In
Interest Rates

WASHINGTON CUPID - Treas
ury Secretary Douglas Dillon
said Tuesday that International
monetary stability required that
all major trading countries main
tain short interest rates
reasonably we'll in line with
each other"
Dillon, in a speech prepared
for the annual meeting of the In
ternational None tary Fund,
(IMF), admitted that domestic
financial goals sometimes would
limit this emphasis on uniform
short term rates.
However, he said that it gen.
orally should be feasible Ito en-
courage small changes in short
term rates in the interest of
speeding restoration of interna-
tional equilibrium"
The us. government recently
took action to raise Short-term
rates to discourage investors
from sending their money over
seas. The loss of short-term cap
ital has aggravated the us. ball
ance of payments problem.
Dillon said that interest rate
The chronicle., 1963-10-02

are now so universal.
Woods recommended that the
bank, which in the past has op-
Grated on extremely conservative
lines, broaden its horizons.
First, he said, it would have to
90 more to help agriculture
which in many of the less devel-
oped countries employs four-fifths
of the population and provides
materials and generates market
demand which together are the
b a sis for healthy industrial
growth.
The bank has not loaned
enough for agricultural needs in
the past, and there is a clear and
urgent need for it to do so now,
Woods added.