davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-03-03
More chonges Due3

The coming generation may
force more changes. THE door
Of knowledge is open-there Is q
crack, they see the light. They
viii want to read more and hear
more from the outside" But the
optimism of Mr.. Dulles Is re-
strained by the memory Of Stain.
How can we have confidence
In the future. II for 80 years the
Soviet Union had q form Of gov
ernment which could be so cruelty
controlled by q dictator, without
any recourse, way of change or
hope Of removing hint is a
very unhappy situation to think
Of"
Far from out Of touch with
"the trade" as he called It, Mr..
Dulles has Just completed for the
Encyclopaedia Britannica an arti-
Gle entitled "The Craft of Intelli-
gence," as well as being In the
midst Of another book. His first
book was on the Boer War, which
he published at the age of eight.
His library shelves sag with the
newest and Oldest books on q sub
ject he Just cannot seem to re-
tire from. And fittingly enough,
on March 5. Dulles viii be before
the World Affairs Council in Seat
tie. Washington. making his eighth
and last speech in a Far Western
speaking tour.
Evening star., 1963-03-03
BY TRUMAN r. TEMPLE
Star Staff Writer

1t took agitation by the labor
movement from the end Of the
Civil War to the eve Of World
War I to create it.
When the department was Gre
ated by q stroke Of President
Taft's pen on his last day Of Of
flee March 4. 1918. $4,000 chill
dren were working underground
in mines.
Two years earlier. 146 workers
at the Triangle Waist Co. in New
York had been killed In a fire. A
little-known social worker named
Frances Perkins. who happened
on the scene, watched In horror
as some Of the women leaped
from windows to their death. She
later pushed through q new State
code for factories before becom-
ing Secretary Of Labor.
Evening star., 1963-03-03

now specifically prohibit corporal
punishment. according to this
study. Effective Secondary School
Discipline" by Knute Larson and
Melvin r. Karpas.
The authors reported that since
1888. about SO cases have been
brought against teachers as a re-
suit Of corporal punishment, and
that most courts decided In favor
Of the teacher. stating that he
stands In loco PARENTS.
Even with the administrative
ban here. a District teacher hailed
before Municipal Court In May.
1861. accused Of padding q stu
dent was acquitted by a jury after
a charge by Judge Mildred Z.
Reeves that there Is. based on
common law. a special teacher
pupil relationship that permits a
teacher TO administer moderate
chastisemsnt 10 students"
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Empey's Over the Top Set the Poce

Empey. who came originally from
Ogden. Utah, and who related his
experiences as a front line SOL
der for q year and q half in the
British Army Infantry. He was
severely wounded Just before the
Battle Of the Somme.
over the Top" appeared to re-
fleet the mood Of the times. and
before the year was out nearly a
million copies were sold. The au-
thor. who played in and directed
a movie version Of his best seller,
died on February % at the Wads-
worth (Kans) Veterans Center
at the age Of 70.
American literature had not yet
approached the hardboiled school
spawned by the Great World
Evening star., 1963-03-03
BY JOSEPH O'KEEFE
Star Staff Writer

War fever was abroad In the
United States In 1917, and on
June millions Of Americans reg
istered for the draft. Europe,
where the war was being waged.
was q remote continent to the
great mass Of Americans. and
their concepts Of the struggle
tended to be blurred.
Off the presses that month
came lively. unpretentious war
book called "Over the Top" which
seemed to tell Americans what
they wanted 10 know. especially
the younger men who would soon
shoulder rifles.
The writer was Arthur Guy
Evening star., 1963-03-03
A Flat Rule Instead

In its stead. the board voted
q flat rule prohibiting corporal
punishment In the schools.
The rule change followed an
incident In which a teacher in
a colored ungraded school was
accused Of having beaten two Of
his pupils.
In his report 10 the School
Board a week and a half ago.
DR.. Hansen cited q recent study
OF discipline which said there
seems 10 be q growing trend
throughout the country 10 regard
a return 10 corporal punishment
In the schools as a partial answer
10 the juvenile delinquency
problem.
Only the District and New Jersey
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Our Woy Of Life

Mr.. Dulles admits that our in
herited tendency is to live accord
ing to international law abroad
and domestic law at home. This
legal pattern is what both Mr..
Dulles and his brother. former
Secretary Of State John Foster
Dulles. spent their lives defending.
During the years that Lenin
and Trotsky were struggling TO es-
tablish the Soviet Union that Sta
lin would run, Mr.. Dulles was q
foreign service officer stationed in
Bern, Berlin, Vienna and Constan-
tinople. He remembers an invita-
ton in the spring Of 1917 to meet
Evening star., 1963-03-03

Continued From Page B-I
ton on the signing until Britain's
application for membership was
acted on. For II Britain were ac-
cepted. similar association would
be demanded for the former Brit
ish colonies In Africa.
The French veto Of Britain's
application came as q blow not
only 10 Britain and her European
friends. but also 10 several former
British lands which hoped for
enlarged European markets.
Cyrille Adoula, Premier OF the
Belgian Congo. asked the Market
recently to sign the convention
sometime this month. but at the
Markets regular ministers meet
ing on Tuesday. Italy and the
Netherlands objected on several
grounds. Neither one baked at the
plan In substance (both already
had initiated it), but they refused
10 be rushed into signing.
Since both Italy and the Meth
erlands strongly supported Eng
lands admission. the move was
widely interpreted as q political
reprisal against Mr.. de Gaulle--
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Whitener's Bill

Representative Whitener, Demo-
crat OF North Carolina, who has
introduced legislation that would
permit school authorities to cut
right through disagreement from
School Board members and re-
institute bodily punishment, says
he has In mind "the same kind I
had as q boy-paddling, a little
standing IN the corner"
In submitting his bill 10 allow
principals and teachers In the
public schools to use reasonable
force In the exercise Of lawful au.
thority" 10 restrain or correct
pupils and maintain order. Mr.,
Whitener pointed out that his
own children 90 TO public schools
In North Carolina. where corporal
punishment is permitted. ~
There. he believes, punishment
Is generally administered as
needed with a paddle. ruler or
switch applied 10 the seat Of the
pants or q i-foot ruler on the
palm Of the hand. a
The Congressman doesn't hold
with slapping in the face: II don't
think hitting folks IN the head IL
a very good idea" he says. "The
Lord gave US a place !"
Mr.. Whitener has little fear that
lifting the ban here win bring
abuse. School authorities. he Is
convinced. viii not permit
"sadism." -.
But he believes that discipline
Is part Of education, and that
most Of US who were raised right
were always aware Of the possi..
hility OF corporal punishment"
Evening star., 1963-03-03
The cIimote

Five men were killed in work
accidents for every million tons
Of coal mined in 1918. One rail-
road worker In 500 lost his life
on the job. Less than half the
States had any workmen's COM
pensation laws. Unemployment
insurance did not exist, and %
years would pass before 1t came
into being,
It was this kind Of climate that
gave birth to the United States
Department of Labor. Tomorrow
President Kennedy will join with
labor and MANAGEMENT leaders at
a banquet in the Sheraton Park
Hotel celebrating the agency's
50th birthday. In climate so
changed that observers would be
hard pressed to find any similari-
ties with 1918.
Today the American wage earn
er Is the envy and the model for
Evening star., 1963-03-03

other part Of the body" He points
out that a school committee Is
working on this very question,
preparing guidelines for the def
milton and the use Of corporal
punishment.
In the meantime" the su-
perintendent said, students and
parents should understand that
touching the child, leading him
physically from the room, and
subduing q pupil who has become
uncomfortable are not examples
Of corporal punishment" !
In 1860. after more than 40
years Of the ban on corporal
punishment. city school officials
got around to defining Just what
was forbidden.
That included hitting, slap
ping. spanking and shaking" as
well as making q child stand IN
the corner for IAN extended pc
riod," but not the temporary re-
moval Of a pupil from the group
TO sit In isolation"
Evening star., 1963-03-03

Teachers do not so much want
to employ corporal punishment as
TO be relieved of the effect Of
the rule against 1t. he said. Too
frequently. District school teach
ers hear from the insolent and
defiant. "You can't touch mel"
The present prohibition dates
back TO March 20. 1918. when the
then Board Of Education re-
scinded Rule 80 Of the teachers
guide Of the time. Rule 80 read:
"The avoidance Of corporal
punishment. as far as may be
with a due regard TO obedience
on the part Of pupils, is enJoined
on all teachers. Each case Of
corporal punishment. with the
reason therefor. shall be reported
promptly by the teacher In charge
and forwarded TO the
superintendent"
Evening star., 1963-03-03

The philosophical progress Of 10
years ago seems to Mr.. Dulles
more like political pragmatism to-
day. For example, Alexander N.
Shelepin, a former leader of the
KGB (the Security Police), has
been made head Of Mr.. Khru-
shchev's most recent reorganiza-
ton agency, the Party State Con-
troll Committee of the Communist
Party Central Committee and of
the Council Of Ministers Of the
USSR. Shelepin, according to Mr..
Dulles, is q significant" choice.
eAt first the great impact of
Stalin's tyranny was directed
against his own people; later, we
had trouble" Mr.. Dulles feels
that q personal knowledge of the
Soviet leaders in the sos and '40s
would have made our policy easier
to direct. When possible, the So
viets tend to translate their do
mestic operations into the inter-
naJlOnal 1lelQ.
"The effect" he pointed out, is
that their intelligence officers, un-
like their American opposite num-
bers. have had 20 to 80 years of
practical experience from Just
home-front politics. The USSR
was founded underground.
Russian revolutionaries Of the
late 10th and early goth centuries
developed o conspiratorial appa-
ratus for survival against the
Tsar's police, the Okhrana. And
these measures for gaining politi-
cal power in one country have
been transferred to the world.
Simple proof Is In the fact that
Communist Party International,
has 80 Communist parties around
the world, over 10 of which are
In the free world
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Punishment Must Be Moderate

Judge Reeves said q teacher
may be liable criminally for as
sault only II he exceeds moderate
punishment" At the trial. the 10
year-old youth involved testified
the teacher hit him 10 times with
q thick wooden paddle. The
teacher said he struck the boy
once, intending 10 "stine him."
after three times admonishing him
to stay away from dangerous
machinery In the classroom
For breaking School Board reg
ulations, the teacher was "repri-
manded" by school officials
Clearly. DR.. Hansen told the
Evening star., 1963-03-03
The Present Secretary

The current secretary, w. VIII
lard Wirtz, is considered the wit
tiest Of Cabinet members. He
once served as a member Of the
Illinois Liquor Control Commits
sion and of the Winnetka, H.,
Library Board for five years, and
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Letting OFF steum

khrushchev has recently rec
ognized the need Of his people to
let off the steam that is build
ing Up through education, more
knowledge Of the world and great
drive to get more consumer goods. ;
I suppose he figures he has to do
this in order to keep the steam
IN manageable proportions.
This is a dangerous course for
q dictator. But Khrushchev has
been very clever and Just as some
thing catches on, he condemns IL
the way he did the modern art
or he prohibits it, the way he
did American jazz in the recent
cultural exchange agreement. He
can reverse at will.
Originally 1t had been Khru-
Shchev's idea to grow gradually
away from the image Of Stain.
But his hand was forced by the
publication of the Khrushchey
speech to the goth Congress of
the Communist Party in 1865. This
speech listed Stalin's crimes. The
whole business was never pub
lished in full in the Soviet Union.
The reactions In some satellite
countries were violent and Khru-
shchev then had to tighten up
when the rest Of the world thought
he was relaxing. He went In and
crushed the revolts in Hungary
and Poznan."
Mr.. Khrushchev's theory, Mr..
Dulles feels. is mot to 60 too far
with any one STEP" And Cuba
shows that I'VE must look for the
unexpected. He does not tie into
even his own pattern Of peaceful
coexistence and secret wars Of
liberation"
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Russia I en- Years After Stain:
Dulles Sees Little Real Chanqe

Yugoslavia went Communist. Iran
was threatened and civil war broke
out in Greece baQDre the first evi-
dence Of an Official awakening on
our part, the issuance Of the Tru-
man doctrine in 1947, saying that
the United States would give eco
nomic aid to any country threat
ened by the Communists.
Communism cannot remain
static. Mao is arguing with Mr..
Khrushchev today that he doesn't
move enough. But Mr.. Khrushchev
goes at things in a different way.
Stain had his foreign policy of
using satellites and the Korean
War. Mr.. Khrushchev let up on
this approach as he saw that It
would lead to war and he re-
phrased Soviet foreign policy call
ing for peaceful coexistence' and
wars Of liberation His new do
mestic reform is enacted In the
name Of socialist legality where
by economic crimes such as steal
ing the fat from meat pies are
punishable by death. Under Sta
lin, in the old days of socialist IL
legality. the culprit would Just
disappear. Today he is tried In
court before he disappears.
Evening star., 1963-03-03

someone in Zurich described to
him as another bearded Russian
with some interesting new ideas"
He played tennis that day and
learned later that the someone
had been Lenin.
In 1926 Mr.. Dulles left the for
eign service to get an LIB. at
George Washington University,
after which he joined the law firm
of Sullivan and Cromwell Of which
his brother was a member and
he still Is a member. But he re-
turned to Switzerland during the
war to head the operations Of our
Office of Strategic Services
(OSS); a job for which he won
the United States Governments
Medal of Merit and the Presiden-
tial Citation.
Mr.. Dulles recalls now how lit
tie attention was paid to the orig
inal Communist leaders and their
efforts. He admits that only
since his retirement has he had
the time to read q sufficient
amount on Lenin. And the pub
fishers on Soviet affairs keep him
as well supplied now with books
to read and write reviews on as
when he was CHA director. The
difference now is that he has to
pay for them.
by and large we misunderstood
what was going on In the early
days Of Stain. Sir Winston
Churchill once asked Stain If the
World War or his collectivization
Of the farms proved the greatest
test Of his leadership. The reply
was this domestic reform which
took four years and the lives of
millions Of peasants"
Evening star., 1963-03-03

President hangs out his shingle,
he's going to get all the business"
Like others before him, the
present Labor Secretary sees the
departments basic challenges IN
long-range problems Of full en-
ployment, manpower retrainine
and the like.
He accepts the problems Of
change, even though he once re-.
marked that history "ought to be
arrested for reckless driving" In
looking back at the departments
first half century, Mr.. Wirtz notes
that change has been its steady
companion.
In World War It was EN-.
broiled in supplying manpower to
win the war. In following years
1t worked for more security for
workers hit by chronological
change to mass production.
~
Mony Activities 9e
After the 1929 crash, the de-
partment added many activities.
the national employment service
wage and hour law enforcement
apprenticeship and training, and
new labor standards to improve
working conditions. ~
In this era other agencies were
removed, including immigration
and naturalization. the Children's
Bureau, and the Mediation and
Conciliaton Service. The Hoover
Commission urged putting some
back. but they remain elsewhere.
As Mr.. Wirtz remarks, in
statement prepared for its golden
anniversary tomorrow. "
"The history Of the depart=
ment is thus a record Of response
to change, always the welfare Of
the American worker and his fam
lily dominating the aims, thoughts
efforts and actions Of the depart- .
ment." es
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Soviet Secrecy Cited


The secrecy in which the So
Wet reforms took place, the Vests
legalistic faith in innocence un-
til guilt is proved and the fact
that We had been allied with the
Soviets against Hitler, made a
clear judgment of Stains motives
difficult, Mr.. Dulles believes. If
we had been aware of his ruth
lessness against his own people
we might have tied up Berlin
in q more journalistic manner, SO
that a right Of entry would have
originally existed without any
doubt.
Mr.. Dulles doesn't consider that
the Yalta Conference In 1945 was
a sell-out in the sense that we
made concessions to the Russians.
THE West considered it military
occupation of a country as just
another after-effect of war.
Our loss Of the satellites Is d.
rectly traceable to Soviet military
occupation" he said. when the
Soviets withdrew their overt mill
tary installations in Czechoslova-
kia. they had already had time
to install their secret police. The
political machinery was already
planted and growing for the blood
less take over Of that country, two
years later in l948.
Poland, Rumania. Bulgaria and
Evening star., 1963-03-03
Different Ideos

But neither Mr.. Wirtz nor Miss
Perkins hold this view, though
the present secretary has won
some notable settlements. MANY
people have the idea," Miss Per-
kins said on the departments
25th anniversary. that the Gov
ernment has the right to inter-
vene in strikes and settle dis
putes, to step in between warning
labor factions.
1T cannot dictate any settle
ment In either case. If 1t could,
this country would not be a
democracy. This department can
only help each side to see the
others point Of view and to en-
deavor to point a way to q settle
ment which will be satisfactory
to both sides"
In any event, It seems likely
no Labor Secretary could sustain
Mr.. Goldberg's phenomenal run
Of luck In ending strikes includ-
ing one at the Metropolitan
Opera. traditional haven Of tenn
perment. even If he wanted to.
And as one observer warned on
White House interventions, "If the
Evening star., 1963-03-03

recalled later, Il got to the point
that every time / opened book
I felt compelled to open a bottle.
1t was q spiritual experience, and
one which I must say prepared
me for this tour of duty In WASH
ington beyond any / can imagine"
Should the Labor Department
race from one major strike to an
other like q Federal fire depart
ment? Under Secretary Goldberg,
now safely transferred to the
quieter realm of the Supreme
Court. 1t often seemed so. In fact
aides once contemplated equip
ping his office with an alarm bell
and fire chiefs hat.
The Detroit tribune., 1963-11-23
Detroit; As Other Cities
Have Anti-Bias Groups

Interreligious a nd intcrracial
conferences have been formed in
As cities across the country, and
significant programs of action are
underway in 10 of these cities,
it was announced by the Rev.
Galen Weaver, executive sccrc-
tary, National Conference on Re-
ligion and Race (NCRR).
The announcement was based
on a comprehensive field report
recently completed by NCRR.
The National Conference was
formed Immediately after the
historic gathering last January
in Chicago of Clerical and lay
leaders of the major faith groups
in the United States. The pur-
pose was to see how organized
religion could bring its full NOR
al force to bear on eliminating
racial segregation and discrlmlna-
ton. The NCRR became the ve-
hiclc for implementing the rec
concentrations which evolved
from the meeting.
These activities clearly indl-
cate that religious groups are
irving to assume a full role OF
leadership in the struggle for
racial justice in Twentieth Cen
tury America" Rev. Weaver said.
Detroit is among the 10 cities
The Detroit tribune., 1963-11-23
Defense Fund
Scores Wins

NEW YORK - Four major
courtroom victories were won
by NAACP Legal Defense at.
torneys in six brief days across
the country last week.
Jack Greenberg, dircctor-coun-
sci of the Legal Defense Fund,
stressed release of Student Non.
Violent Coordinating Committee
field workers. jailed in Americus,
Ga. since August 3.
IF Americas officials are per.
mancntly enjoined. civil rights
attorneys will have a new tech
nique of reigning in the city,
county and state officials who
use the law as means of max
ing life difficult for civil rights
demonstrators" Mr.. Greenbcrg
said.
The Detroit tribune., 1963-11-23
FEPC Hearing
Continued

The Michigan Fair Employment
Practices Commission will con-
tinue its Public Hearing in the
matter of Mrs. Candis Lindsay
VS.. Michigan Farm Bureau and
Farm Bureau and Farm Bureau
Mutual Insurance Company at
9:s0 am, Wednesday, November
q at 129 Mason Building, Ian
sing. c
Commissioner Mary A. Sharp
will preside as Hearing Officer,
FEPC Executive Director Mitch
ell Tender disclosed.
Mrs. Lindsay had alleged that
she was denied employment as
a clerk.typist by the insurance
ompany because she was a Ne
gro. s.t .e.,
probabIe cause existed to SUP
stantiate the charge of discrlm.
nation but was unable to effect
an adjustment by means OF con-
.iliation, Tender Said'
The Detroit tribune., 1963-11-23

or states implcmenting follow
up efforts.
These efforts arc in the areas
of employment, education, hous-
ing, legislation, public accommo-
dations, use of purchasing power
and home visitation programs.
An interreligious civic effort
for open occupancy in Detroit
has been reorganized into the
Metropolitan Detroit Conference
on Religion and Race. A broad
er civic effort, also involving top
religious leaders has been form
ed under the title of Citizens
Committee for Equal Opportun-
ity.' AT present, the err is con-
centrating its energies on hous-
ing problems.
The Detroit tribune., 1963-11-23
Positions Open In Department

training, the graduate begins on
foot patrol with an experienced
officer.
John E. Kursteiner. 1924
Moenart. Detroit, scored highest
in firearms in the new class.
Class narrator was John E.
Quandt of 21719 Moross, Detroit.
Among the recent graduates
we're: Victor l.. Friley, l5645 In
verncss; Thomas II. Robinson,
8107 Arlington and Ridley Rob-
inson. Jr.. 1901 Pennsylvania.
Police Commissioner Edwards
said positions are Immediately
available in the department.
Basic qualifications include
1920 vision. 5 #. 9-one-half in.
height, high school diploma and
between the ages of 81 through
2S.
The Detroit tribune., 1963-11-23
(cvuncgh Proeldims
St0y-h-SehooI Week

The Honorable Jerome p. Cav
anagh. Mayor of the City of De
troit, has proclaimed the week
of November "a, 1868 - "Stay
In School, Week - in honor Of
the Womcn's Advertising Club
of Detroit and its extensive
advertising campaign developed
in cooperation with the Detroit
Board of Education to encourage
young people to return to their
studies.
The Proclamation was present
ed today at his office by Mayor
Cavanagh to Mrs Marjorie A.
Gibbs, michigan State Univcr
sity), president of the Womens
Advertising Club of Detroit.
Attending the ceremonies were
General Chairmcn Of the Stay
In School" project - Judy An
derson McCann-Erickson); Muir
icl Gillette tJ. Walter Thomp.
SOM; Mary Ellen Tappan (Bat
ten, Barton. DurStine & OSBORN;
Virginia Stone Detroit Business
Institute), along with Mae Der
darian Omitted Community Ser
viccs), chairman of the follow
up essay contest, II Went Back
To School Because. ="
On Monday, November 25 at
$50 pm. in the Shcraton-Cad
lilac Hotel, $50 high school drop
o uts, who have returned to
school. will be special guests Of
the Womcn's Advertising Club
at Victory Banquet.