davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
Light Plane Crash
Kills a in Georgia

TOCCOA, Ga. Aug. 80 (AP)
"A small private plane crashed
in the front yard Of a house
in a heavily populated area
yesterday, killing a newspaper
printing executive and the
three other persons aboard.
The single-engine aircraft
clipped a telephone line as it
fell about SO feet from a house
near the southeast limits of
this Northeast Georgia city.
The pilot was Charles Ernest
Pohl, jr., of Nashville, Tenn,
head Of the stereotype depart
ment of Newspaper Printing
Corp, which prints both the
Nashville Banner, and the
Nashville Tennessean.
The other victims were Mrs.
Lucy Mae Hunt, in her late 40s,
of Toccoa, and her two daugh-
tiers, Mrs. Shirley Franklin,
about 20, of Nashville, and
Marilyn Kimbrell, II, of Rabun
Gap, Ga.
Officials said they were told
the pilot had flown in from
Nashville with Mrs. Franklin
to pick up her mother and
sister for a return trip to Nash
vile. Mrs Franklin formerly
lived in Toccoa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29

suaded Diem to declare mar
tial law, imposed nine days
ago. In Washington. the State
Department stood fast by its
position that military leaders
were not responsible for the
attacks on Buddhists pagodas
and the arrest of thousands Of
monks and nuns August 81.
The State Department had
accused the Saigon government
of using repressive measures to
combat Buddhist leaders cam
paigning against Mr.. Diem.
Diem Regime Accused
The State Department indi-
Gated the Diem regime had re-
neged on a promise not to use
force in suppressing the Bud
dhiSts. The Saigon government
stressed it "has never broken
its word to whomever it made
promises"
1t appeared that the State
Department is intent on alb
solving the Wet Namese army
command Of blame and imply
ing that responsibility should
be placed on Ngo Dinh Nhu,
the Presidents brother.
There appeared no doubt
State Department officials
would welcome Mr.. Mus custer
from the government. Mr.. Nhu
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
Algeria Assembly
OKs Constitution

ALGIERS, Algeria, Aug. 20
(AP).-The Algerian Assembly
adopted the country's first con-
Stitution last night, and thus
established virtual unrestricted
rule by Premier Ahmed Ben
Bella.
Upon expected ratification of
the constitution in a national
referendum, Mr.. Ben Bella will
be anSwerable to no one but
his National Liberation Front,
the only legal party.
The assembly vote was 139-
%, with a number of absten-
tons. Opposition came from
former Ben Bella allies in the
Algerian revolt against the
French. Seven French deputies
also abstained and one voted
no.
The referendum, expected
September 8, will be followed
by elections for Algeria's first
president. Mr.. Ben Bella is
assured Of election.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29

a hidden compartment for valuables are
both standard equipment. So are the Dou-
ble-Safety Brakes-the Deep-Dip rust
proofng. New Twin-Stick Floor Shift is
only one Of six transmission options.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29

And now you can also have the fast
selling Rambler Classic with brand-new
198-hpV-S that costs less than many Skies.
See your Rambler dealer now during the
"Savingest Days."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
Ex-SeouI Leader
Asks Civil Trial

SEOUL, Korea, Aug. 90 (AP)
Former Premier Song Yo-
chan, indicted on a charge of
slandering South Korea's mill
tary government, demanded
today that he be tried by a
civilian court.
He said he would not get a
fair hearing in a court-martial,
as prescribed by the indictment.
Mr.. Song, At, was arrested
August IL, three days after he
published an open letter criti-
cizing the military junta's
strongman, Gen. Chung Hee
Park. He was charged then
with ordering the summary
execution of an officer during
the Korean war and with Or
dering troops to shoot students
in a 1860 demonstration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
AIDS Director Forecasts
Red Squirt in Foreign Aid

2. BY cutting the presidential
request for new military as
sistance from $1.4 billion to
about 81 billion, the House bill
would mean that vital military
aid to some Of the countries
along the rim of the Communist
bloc from, Korea to Greece
would have to be reduced "by
one third or more"
8. BY cutting development
loans for countries outside
Latin America from the pro-
posed $l.06 billion to 5000 bill
lion the United States would
have Significant loans" in
newly independent Africa, and
slow up the present "phasing
out" aid operations in three adj
vancing countries-Greece, Is
rael and Taiwan.
4. BY whiting down the
Presidents contingency fund
from 5000 million to $3.50 mil
lion, Mr.. Bell said that Con-
gress would hamper future
United States ability to salvage
critical political situations in
our national interest-Such as
past emergency aid to the
Dominican Republic after the
assassination Of Dictator Ra-
fael Trujillo and help to Guinea
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
BY GEORGE SHERMAN
Star staff Writer

David Bell, director for the
Agency for International De-
Velopment, said today that the
Kennedy administration ex-
poets Stepped-up Soviet Chi
nese efforts to gain dominance
in underdeveloped countries
following the partial nuclear
test ban treaty.
Mr.. Bell was speaking at a
press conference to underscore
administration opposition to
the House action last Friday
cutting the foreign aid authori-
cation bill by $685. million to
just over $3.5 billion.
He said that the House ac-
ton was "a severe setback" to
United States efforts to defeat
the Communist threat around
the world.
Should Meets Threat
I'VE should be at least as
well equipped to meet that
threat in the future as we have
been in the past" he said.
Specifically, the AID director
gave two reasons for accelerated
Communist efforts in under
developed countries.
/. BY signing the nuclear test
ban, the Soviet Union has
shown its awareness of the
enormous threat posed by nu-
clear war, and that to some ex-
tent they must seek domina-
ton by peaceful and not-so-
peaceful infiltration.
2. The current competition
between the Russians and Chi
neSe for leading influence in
local Communist partie S
around the world will lead each
to increase their aid in order
to gain popular favor.
SOviets Refining Aid
He said that the latest Unit
ed States information shows
that Soviet aid has reached a
plateau" after climbing for
several years. The Russians are
attempting to refine their eco
nomic aid, he said, after sew
eral unsuccessful efforts in the
Middle East and Africa.
Mr.. Bell went down the list
of four major categories which
would be hurt if Congress fl
nally passes the reduced aid
limit approved by the House.
l. The $3.50 million cut from
$500 million loan request for
the Alliance For Progress, he
said, would actually reduce the
United States commitment to
the Alliance at a time when it
is beginning to roll" and when
our aid is most needed in Latin
America. He noted that Con-
gress had actually appropriated
$425 million for Alliance loans
last year.
1--WE cannot defeat the Com
threat in this hemi-
sphere by a policy of fits and
starts" he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29

is security chief of the nations
police forces.
Mr.. Lodge continued talks
with Wet Namese officials. A
reliable source commented:
There were no agreements on
anything. but no hard feel
ingS."
Buddhists in other Asian
countries continued to call for
support of Wet Namese Bud
dhiStS.
A Jakarta dispatch Of the
Antara news agency quoted
Sumartono Mertolojo, deputy
chairman of Indonesia's 10
million Buddhists. as calling
for withdrawal of United States
armed forces stationed in Wet
Nam to combat Communist
guerrilla forces. Mr.. Mertolojo
said the withdrawal would set
tie the conflict.
Political organizations in
neutralist Burma and Buddhist
leaders in Pakistan urged their
governments to take action in
the crisis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
Wet Nam Puts
Tight Lid on
Flow Of News

SAIGON, Wet Nam, Aug
20 (AP).-South Wet Nam has
clamped its severest censorship
on news originating inside this
troubled nation and shows no
signs of lifting it even though
Unite d States Ambassador
Henry Cabot Lodge has made
a protest.
Rigid censorship went into
force as police and soldiers
smashed their way into Wet
Mans pagodas eight days ago.
NewSmen have been forced
either to fly out of Wet Nam
to file copy in neighboring
countries or to send it out with
friendly travellers.
(This story was filed in a
neighboring country
Sealed Bottle
TITS like throwing a sealed
bottle into the South China Sea
and hoping for the best" one
frustrated correspondent said.
Military censorS looked at all
copy and photos in the first
six days of martial law. Civilian
cenSors took over Monday.
Their purpose appears to be
blue-pencil any word that re-
fleets unfavorably on any aspect
of the situation. All reference
to soldiers in streets, anti
aircraft weapons and civil dis
turbanceS is taken out.
CensorS are even deleting
references to President Ngo
Dinh Diem as a Roman Cath
olic.
News dispatches are suffer-
ing cuts of up to 80 per cent.
Only stories reporting govern
ment communicates are getting
through intact from the Saigon
area direct.
COmmuniques Cut
Even some official commune
queS are being cut by censors
who apparently are afraid of
mourning the wrath of superiors
for any minor infraction.
This probably explains the
censor's action in slicing from
copy any references to arrests
OF "agitators" in Saigon and
other Wet Namese cities. Many
OF these reports are being
broadcast over Sagion Radio,
but they don't pass press
censors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29

in Africa last year when 1t
tried to break from previous
dependency on Soviet aid.
Mr.. Bell also struck at con-
gressional critics, who think
that foreign aid cuts help the
United States balance of pay
ments, by noting that all OF
the cut aid would be spent in
the United States for exports.
The cut Of 5000 million repre-
sents about 10000 "man-years,"
which is about $4,000 jobs, he
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
AT General Is Trustee

Maj. Gen. Oliver K. Mess,
surgeon general of the Air
Force, was elected trustee of
the American Hospital Associa-
ton at its annual meeting in
New York. He will serve a
three-year term.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-29
Wet Nam General Assai|s
Critics of Diem's Reqime
BY MALCOLM w. BROWNE
Associated Press staff Writer

Associated Press starr Writer
SAIGON, Wet Nam, Aug. 20.
The military governor of
Saigon said today martial law
will be lifted as soon as there
is evidence that the Buddhist
crisis is overland that this
would demand cooperation Of
the foreign press.
Brig. Gen. Ton That Dinh
did not elaborate, but implied
he wanted an end to news
stories critical of the regime
Of President Ngo Dinh Diem.
Gen. Dinh, in command Of
Saigon since August 20 when
martial law was imposed, also
released figures on the number
of persons arrested in the gov
ernment'S breakdown on Budd-
hists, who had demonstrated
for months against Mr.. Diem,
a Roman Catholic.
Some Of Monks Freed
He told newsmen 1875 monks,
nuns, novice nuns and Budd-
hist followers were arrested in
raids on Saigon'S pagodas by
troops and police August 1921.
But he said he believed 300 to
400 monks and nuns were re-
leased shortly after and others
would be freed soon.
Gen. Dinh said 1880 Of stu
dents and other Buddhist fol-
lowers were arrested as they
gathered for another anti-Diem
demonstration last week in
Saigon.
However, Gen. Dinh denied
reports that former Foreign
Minister WI Van Mau, who
resigned last week in protest
against the government crack
down. was arrested Monday.
Mr.. Mau, who shaved his
head when he announced his
resignation, departed tonight
for India on a Buddhist pill
grinage with his wife and three
d daughters. Before leaving, he
went to see President Diem.
Later it was reported that Mr..
Mau had been given three
months leave Of absence and
technically still is Foreign Min
lister. He had planned to leave
for India Monday.
To Press Demands
Gen. Dinh said he planned to
press his demands that the
United States mission here sur
render to Wet Namese officials
two monks who escaped when
the government raided the Xa
Loi pagoda. They were granted
asylum in the neighboring
American government building.
The government official said
he considered demonstrations
staged in various cities sup
porting the government the
past few days as indications
that the crisis was subsiding.
Gen. Dinh denied reports of
dissension and a rebellion
against Mr.. Diem by troops, a
majority of whom are Bud
dhistS.
Buddhists claim the Diem
government has Disseminated
against them and restricted
their freedom of worship. Mr..
Diem has denied it.
Tough Job for Lodge
Ambassador Henry Cabot
Lodge who assumed his post
as United States Ambassador
last week, appeared to be in
for a tough job selling Wash
ington'S views on the crisis to
the Diem regime which reject
ed United States criticism of |
the breakdown on BuddhiStS.
The Diem government said |
yesterday the United States
denunciation of the military
police action against Buddhist |
opponents was based on to
tally erroneous information"
The government statement |
followed a declaration by the |
Joint military command in
Saigon that army chiefs per- |
Evening star., 1963-05-08
Mr.. Becker's 'BIock-Out'

1t is interesting to note that Repre-
sentative Becker Of. New York cited
nothing in his House speech to support
his charge that there seems to be
complete black-out of crime news" in
the District But it is not surprising
that he failed to do so, for we do not
believe that any such supporting evi-
dence exists.
AS far as the availability of crime
news is concerned, the facts are sub
stantially as Chief Murray has stated
them: Police radios are monitored con-
stantly by newspaper reporters. A po-
lice teletype is located in the police
headquarters presSroom. And the Off
GERS actually working on cases are no
less available to newsmen now than
they have ever been.
AS for the press, newspapers have
never printed every item that is avail
able to them on every subject-crime
included. 1t would be impossible for
them to do so. In the exercise of its
editorial judgment, however, The Star
has never deliberately withheld legiti-
mate crime news. 1t is not doing so now.
1t will not do so in the future.
Evening star., 1963-05-08
The Firing of Admiral Anderson

Tx was an important If not domi-
nant factor in what has happened to
Admiral Anderson, doubts are raised
in our mind as to whether Mr.. McNa-
mara is "big" man as well as COM
petent man.
OfpoSSibly greater Importance is the
effect that the timing of the Anderson
custer can be expected to have on other
service officers when called in the fu-
ture to testify before congressional COM
mittees.
Mr.. Mcnamara, or so we are told,
doesn't care much what people say or
think about him. He is too busy running
the Defense Department. But he ought
to care-eSpecially when he is trying
both to install new management tech
niqueS in the Pentagon and to shake up
the services bit. Mr.. Mcnamara should
be the boss. But it doesn't follow that
he should be czar-an absolute master
in his own domain.
For, whether he realizes it or not,
he has a partner in this defense enter
prise-and it will never be silent part
ner This partner is the Congress, rep
reSenting the people Of the United States.
We do not think that Congress should
conduct nit-picking haraSSmentS Of the
Secretary of Defense. But we do believe,
and very strongly, that the appropriate
committees of Congress are entitled to
know what is going on in the Pentagon
and that they should be able to call the
service chiefs, or other officers, before
them and have the benefit of their un-
inhibited, unintimidated and completely
honest opinions on matters affecting
the security of the United States.
1t is not our intention to say that
Mr.. Mcnamara is deliberately trying to
gag the service people. But we think
that is the effect of what he has done
in the case of Admiral Anderson and,
to a lesser extent, in the case of Gen
eral LeMay. Unless the atmosphere in
this respect is cleared, and convincingly
cleared, we fear that many officers in
the future will hesitate to give teSti-
mony to any congressional committee
which brings them into conflict with
strong willed Secretary of Defense.
Surely it is not necessary to argue the
point that this is potentially dangerous
for the people of the United States
dangerous both to their security and,
some day perhaps, to their freedom.
Evening star., 1963-05-08

Admiral George w. Anderson's dis
tinguished career in the Navy has been
torpedoed by Defense Secretary McNa-
mara. Those who are willing to buy one
or both of the official explanations
which have been offered are welcome
to do so. We do not buy either.
We think that Admiral Anderson
was denied another term as Chief Of
Naval Operations, or at least one-year
extension, for two principal reasons.
One was his plain-Spoken opposition,
when called to testify by the Mcclellan
Committee, to Mr.. McNamara'S Tx
project. The other, and perhaps lesser
reason, was his criticism of the military
pay bill.
In this connection we make one
point. The official spokesman" at the
Pentagon says Mr.. Mcnamara and the
President believe that 1.-TWO years should
be normal tour as service chief except
in extraordinary circumstances" Well
and good. But the President, in an
nouncing that Admiral Anderson was
being dumped overheard, also said that
"he has served with great distinction
during a critical period in this Nations
history" We realize that praise of this
sort has become more or less the con-
ventional thing when the eXecutioner
is getting set for his task. But the two
statements, read together, do not make
sense. They are an affront to the in
telligence Of child.
Our concern, however, runs to more
than the injustice which, as we see it,
has been done to Admiral Anderson. He
had reached the top in the Navy, and
this denial of second term as CNO
does not necessarily mean a blighted
career for the future. But what about
the Secretary of Defense? And what
about those other service people who,
one day, will find themselves in Ad-
miral Anderson'S position?
AS for the Secretary, we have al
ready made plain our belief that his
decision on the Tx was the right one.
We have expressed our respect for his
competence and stated in addition that
the Pentagon should and must be run
by strong civilian. The Secretary of
Defense ought to be just that-the
Secretary of Defense. He should not
allow himself to be pushed around by
generals or admirals. But this affair
shakes us up a bit. II, as we believe,
Evening star., 1963-05-08
'McCorthyism' Aqoin

The Board of Trustees of
the Fairfax Unitarian Church
expresses its alarm at the
unexpected reSurgence of Nc
Carthyism that was recently
manifested by the action of
an American Legion Post in
the City of Fairfax. The at
tempt to ban three docu-
mentary films was happily
only temporarily successful,
and for this we are thankful.
We had hoped that the in
decencies of the early 1950s
could not recur in these more
enlightened times. We were
wrong so far as this partic-
ular Legion Post was con-
cerned. But we are confident
that we we're right with res
pect to the vast majority of
the citizens of Fairfax
County.
At the same time. 1t is
plain that the Congressman
representing Virginia's Tenth
District has insulted the in
telligence of the citizens of
the county by his foolish en-
couragement of film censor
ship. We suggest that those
thus insulted continue to ex-
press their Indignation at his
seeming effort to revive one
of the most shameful episodes
in American history.
TheO r. Crevenna,
President, Board of
Trustees
Fairfax Unitarian Church
Evening star., 1963-05-08
The MS Disgrace

The Nuclear Ship Savannah,
launched as a showcase of national
pride, has drifted into state of national
disgrace. She is not leaving Galveston
harbor on a projected 35-port tour
Instead her atomic reactor has been
shut down by another of the inter-
union squabbleS that have plagued her
short life from the beginning.
Instead of showing the world a
marvellous example of atomic power,
peacefully applied, the Savannah is
illustrating the unreasonableness Of men
who allow petty differences to damage
national prestige.
A series of four strikes have kept
the Savannah in hot water from the
time she left the Camden shipyards.
The main tussle has been between the
ships engineer and deck officers over
wages. When the engineers, who had
put in three years special training, were
given a special allowance, the others
struck. When strike-Settling arbitra-
JlOll dBICCLlCiO JlCu OIlC uCCh OAlAOClo
wages to those of the engineers, the
latter resigned.
But that was only the beginning.
States Marine Lines, Inc, which oper-
ates the Savannah for the Government,
took the arbitration settlement into
court, and the engineers agreed tempo
rarily to return. Last week 1t appeared
that a new agreement had been worked
out under the eyes of Labor Secretary
Wirtz and Maritime Administrator
Alexander. The engineers union ac-
cepted, but when the Government re-
fused to be signatory, the company
also backed down. In view Of losses
sustained during previous strikes, the
company was UNDERSTANDABLE reluctant
to expose It's giant steamship line to
retaliation in case Of other strikes.
All further appeals to reason have
failed, including the proposal Of a presi-
Dental fact-finding board, and a plea
for the engineers to await outcome Of
the arbitration case, now In an ap-
pellate court. The multi-million dollar
Savannah lies in Galveston harbor, and
when the world will see her trim lines,
no one can say. Perhaps not until the
Government is forced to take her over,
or until that now unpredictable day
when logic becomes the better part Of
negotiation.
Evening star., 1963-05-08
Threat to Renewal?

Along with legitimate concerns,
some misconceptions are floating around
town as to the intent and effect Of the
proposed urban renewal reorganization
plan. Among them is claim that the
already hard-preSSed city treasury might
have to pay the salaries and other costs
Of the Redevelopment Land Agency II,
as the plan proposes, the District Com
missioners should take over as its board
of directors.
This just isn't so. According to
White House aides, the plan carefully
retains the corporate entity Of the RIA
in its present form for the specific pur-
pose Of avoiding such result. Salaries
and other RIA expenses are considered
to be part Of the overall costs Of re-
newal, and the money to pay for them
funds which finances the actual prof.
ects. Under the draft circulated by the
White House, this would continue to
be the case. We do not think II is any
thing to worry about.
Another concern, to the effect that
ulS HSW SIIuCJule PIoPOoSu ny JHe WHIJe
House could subject the day-to-day oper-
ations of urban renewal to substantial
political presSures, especially from Cap
itol Hill, may be more valid. This fear
has been expressed by several officials
connected with the renewal program.
Their point is that the present RIA
board is relatively well insulated since
1t does not rely directly upon Congress
for its money. These officials wonder
whether the Commissioners, who are
dealing with Congress constantly in
their role as city fathers, would be able
Evening star., 1963-05-08
Spock at White House

Your May / news article
regarding the invitation OF
DR.. Spock TO a White House
reception for Duchess Char
lotte OF Luxembourg was in
teresting but not complete.
II is we'll known that DR..
Spock is not only an out
standing child specialist, but
he has become one OF the
leaders Of protest against the
madness OF the nuclear arms
race. He has recently pointed
out the terrible psychological
effects OF the continued arms
race on our young people. He
has called for an agreement
on a test-ban as well as other
necessary steps toward dis
armament.
Does the Presidents in
vitation TO DR.. Spock mean
that he recognizes the i'm
portant role played by peo-
pie who are speaking out for
peace? A. Bloom