davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-02-16

DR.. Carlton Goodlett, publish
er, San Francisco Sun.Report-
er, E. 0. Jackson, Birming-
ham World, Balm Leavell,
Chicago New Crusader, and
Garth c. Reeves, managing
editor, Miami Times, who was
chairman of the conference
Mr.. Arnett Murphy and Mr..
Hendrix serve on the -NNPA's
Public Affairs Committee
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-02-16

DC, PR firm head,
addresses luncheon. Harry
Alexander, NNPA secretary,
Cleveland, Ohio, Call & Post,
is seen at speakers left In
center photo are Mr.. Hendrix,
President E. Washing
ton Rhodes, Philadelphia Tri-
bune, NNPA Founding-P -Presi-
dent John II. Sengstacke. Chi
cago Daily Defender, d. Arnett
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-02-16

Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Dav
has as house guests Thurs
day, Mr.. and Mrs. Myers,
Mrs. Virgie Spann, Irene My
ers, from Brandon. These and
other guests report a most en-
joyable evening with the Dav-
is
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-02-16

PIN-POINTERS AT PUB
LISHERS PARLEY-AS guest
of The Miami Times, National
Newspaper Publishers AS
sociation held its winter work
shop at Miami's Hampton
House Motel last weekend.
Above are scenes from lunch
con hosted by The Coca-Cola
Company, Atlanta, Ga. From
left, Moss H. Hendrix, Wash
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-30
WORD GAME

Find AZ or more words in
RASPING
meaning grating, harsh" Az
meaning grating, harsh" Aver
age mark is "a words; time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-30

Rules Of the game: !. Words must be
Of four or more letters. 2. Words which
acquire four letters by the addition Of
IS" such as bats" Cats" are not
used. }. Only one form Of 4 word Is
used. 4. Proper names are not used.
Answer 10 HOPEFULLY
hell, helpful, hello, hole, hope, holy,
holly, hull, hullo, hypo, peH, phyle, ploy,
poly, pole, poll, polly, pulley, pule, pull.
fell, folly, flue, foe, flop, folly, foul, fuel,
fully, lope, loup, yelp, yell, yule.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-06

No records of banks in the area exist prior
to 1892, but legislation of the time shows queS-
tons akin to banking occupied colonists'
minds. Congress opposed the growth Of finan-
cial institutions in the District, but tradesmen
and landowners needed banking, and from
them came the impetus and funds for the first
banks in the area Spectators in Alexandria
and Georgetown sought charters but two petit
tons failed and both turned to their states
Virginia and Maryland for permission to open
banking doors.
The Bank Of Alexandria opened in April
1892, receiving money subject to check and
articles Of small bulk Capital was $4,000,
shares $500. Conditions were to be reported
annually and directors were Ito inspect the
books every Saturday" COunterfeiting or forg
ing resulted in the death penalty without
benefit Of CLERGY.
Meanwhile, Georgetown residents petit
toned Maryland for their charter and The
Bank of Columbia opened in 1892 with $1,000,
600 and shares at 500 par. Their purchase
plans were more lenient and one notices with
relief the absence Of the death penalty for
oounterfeiting George Washington was stock
holder of both banks.
Thus 7years before the Government moved
to the District, two banks were chartered =.
the only charters granted until 1911, although
the Bank of the United States opened its Wash
ingtOn Branch in 1901, and some banks were
organized without charters. Among these was
the Bank of Washington, 18O0 the first bank
within the city itself, and today the oldest
bank in the Nations Capital.
The years following 1911 show rapid
growth in numbers of banks, including the
Mechanics Bank Of Alexandria Qor people of
small means), The Farmers and Mechanics
Bank of Georgetown destined for long life
and merger with the Riggs National in 1928 :.
as well as The Franklin Bank Of Alexandria,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-06

lishment Of the National Banking System in
1853. Soon banks without national charters
ceased to issue notes. National Banks were
compelled to hold stated reserves in liquid
assets or cash to meet the demands Of its
depOsitOrs.
There were many banking "firsts", in
GLIDING bank for emancipated negroes with
leading men as trustees Nhe act was signed by
Abraham Lincoln) The National Safe Deposit
Company was chartered to receive and keep
valuables", and savings banks chartered by
various states held an important place in
District banking
More impressive than the number Of banks
was their growth in assets. Many mergers, but
few failures, were recorded during these next
years. The Washington Clearing House Associ-
alton was formed, as well as The d. C. Bankers
Association. Banks began to advertise services
like banking by mail, investments" and
estate management. Savings banks began to
make efforts to attract the common man.
The establishment of the Federal Reserve
System marked another important milestone.
Banks increased in size and stature. BY 1920,
banks we're making service charges, adding
Christmas clubs, foreign exchange, travel de-
partments and handling Of insurance trusts.
With the 30s and the depression, large
numbers of comdercial banks closed, but esti-
mates show only 12-h% of Washington deposits
were in closed banks, and much of this was
later paid in full
World War; brought boom times Bank
growth was HenshAQus. Consumer credit in
creased, as teRge loans, and banking
provided more and services for everyone.
Banking had G9mE1 a a0Ag way from the days Of
wamDum II r1RlI He as exchange
through SagSgfgEHeEShIH and service for the
privileged III To today, when they stand tall in
the comhRtIntt sf0fdla3a many services to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-06

the last ofthe early banks with the dubious dis
tincti0n Of the shortest life.
AS the country grew, many banks loaned
funds to the Government Jackson won the
Battle of New Orleans with bank money and
when national credit was nearly nOn-existant,
District banks made money available to the
new nation. During one dark period, The Bank
of Washington made government loans in
amounts over u of its capital, and talk Of
moving the Capital rather than repair war
damage caused several banks to offer an ad-
vance Of VI million dollars for rebuilding
public Offices.
There were growing pains. Brokers Oper-
rated as bankers, often in connection with
some other business, such as auctioneering or
mercantile stores. Advertisements offering
both "fall and winter goods" and "bank notes
at par" were common. Risks Of sending notes
through the mail, led to "halfing" them to
be sent at separate times, often causing legal
difficulty Notes of small denomination were
few and the practice of cutting away pieces
demi notes came into custom. Savings &C.
counts weren't ordinarily accepted, but by 1921
the Bank of Washington accepted savings of
mot more than $500 or less than 81 per year"
Banking was marked by debate and pOliti-
cal strife, many Senators being opposed to
the banking system. A third of Jacksons fare
well address was devoted to banking and chart
ering became major issue in the Presidential
campaign of Harrison and Van Buren,. To the
credit Of bankers and Congress, early District
banks mentioned here were never wildcat"
but dozens of hidden and temporary institu-
tons plagued the country from the late 4Os to
the early COS. However, legitimate banking per-
formed many services for the Treasury, with
financial backing for such ventures as the
purchase of Alaska.
There were years of panic, some failures
and much legislation, punctuated by the eStab-
- G1~~
Evening star., 1963-05-02
KUCHEL

Continued From Page Al
creating the Arms Control and
Disarmament Agency has
turned American forces over to
a Russian colonel In the U. N.
That thousands of Chinese
Communist troops have been
poised on the Mexican border
for an attack on California.
Origin Of Reports
Senator Kuchel said his mail
indicates that some Of the re-
ports about the U.N. taking
over the armed forces were at
tributable to the Rev. Theodore
Jackman of Greenville, s. C.
The Senator described him as
Ia speaker for the American
Opinion Speakers Bureau,
which the Senator said is affil-
lated with the John Birch
Society.
The Senator also traced the
origin of the story that a Rus
sian colonel would command
American forces through the
U.N. to a play written in the
early 1950s by a Myron c. Fa-
gan, whom he described as the
national director Of a Holly
wood organization called the
Cinema Educational Guild.
The story that the U.N. is
training thousands of foreign
troops in Georgia, Senator
Kuchel said, grew out of the
presence of 1914 observers from
other countries at military
maneuvers called Water Moe
casin, to instruct American
troops in guerrilla warfare.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
Dublin Mayor
Pays Visit
To Kennedy
BY the Associated Press

A couple of Irishmen, Presi-
dent Kennedy and the Lord
Mayor of Dublin, got together
at the White House today and
talked about politics, a horse
race and the Presidents visit
next month to the land Of his
forefathers.
Lord Mayor James ]. O'Keefe
said there is a real possibility
Mr.. Kennedy will see the run
ming of the Irish Derby on
June 20.
The President, he said, prob
ably will arrive in Dublin June
26 or 27 to be a guest of Ire
lands President, then visit
Wexford, home county Of the
Kennedys.
The two chatted In Mr.. Ken
nedy's office, with Irish AM
bassador Thomas j. Kiernan
joining in.
Asked by Mr.. Kennedy about
his election, the Lord Mayor
said he was elected by the coun-
Gil with no opposition.
mo one has been elected for
more than two years running,
not since l945," he said.
I'VE don't trust them more
than one year." Mr.. Kiernan
remarked.
That's the luck of the Irish" !"
Mr.. Kennedy commented.
The President is planning to
visit Ireland on a European
trip which also will take him
to Italy and Germany.
Evening star., 1963-05-02

ocrat OF Wisconsin, chairman Of
the Foreign Affairs subcommit-
tee which handled the 1862
Philippine bill, already has
urged the House to reject the
Senate attempt to rewrite the
law.
Mr. Zablocki has argued that
paying the full amount Of $73
million to the Philippine gov
ernment for distribution may
cost the United States between
$40 million and $40 million. He
said that under last years law
that amount would have gone
back into the Treasury because
some Of the individual claimants
have died.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
Continued From Page A.

Continued From Page AL
fishing boat Xxi Maru founc
the lifeboats.
The Japanese fishermen
communicated with the Chinest
by hand signs and drawings
and then radioed the torpedo
ing story to Japan, officials
said. After transferring the
Chinese crew, the Xxi Maru re-
sumed fishing and could not be
contacted.
Officials based their doubts
of the story on these factors:
/. No crewemen specifically
reported seeing a torpedo.
2. Experts said it was "un-
believable" that a freighter the
size of the Yue jim Ho could
stay afloat for four hours after
taking three torpedoes.
8. No crewman was injured
and no debris was found float
ing where the freighter was
supposed to have sunk. Experts
said there would have been in
juries and debris If the ship
had been torpedoed.
4. The reported position OF
the ship when it went down
is in an area where mines have
been found and near Scott
Rock, a submerged reef that
poses a threat to all shipping
even though it is well marked
on most navigation charts.
Mr.. Iguchi said Scott Rock
is 1875 feet beneath the surface
and that the freighter had q
draft of 29:7 feet.
Kyodo news service reported
today that newsmen it sent
over the reported site of the
sinking sighted an oil slick in
the area and two gray. un-
identified warships which
trained their guns on Their
plane as it flew over. They re-
ported the ships flew no flag;
and showed no markings.
Radio Peking made no COM
Iment on the sinking.
Officials of the japanese De.
fense Ministry studied photo.
Evening star., 1963-05-02

at the Guam tan a m o Naval
Base, wired Mr.. Kennedy his re-
grets, saying his presence at
the White House at this time
might possibly be an embar-
rassment to you"
Macarthur Absent
Also absent will be General
of the Army Douglas MacAr-
thur, the highest-ranking hold
er of the medal.
Mr.. Kennedy invited all 293
living winners of the medal to
his annual reception for some
900 ranking military officers
and their wives. OF the 234 who
accepted. l44 represent the
Army, 43 the Navy, 81 the Ma
rine Corps and 10 the Air Force.
Only eight who accepted are
on active duty. The highest
ranking of these is Gen. David
M. Shoup, the Marine COM
mandant, who received the
award during Word War II.
Gen. Roberts earned his
Medal of Honor on July /,
1898, when he "gallantly assist
ed in the rescue of the wounded
from in front of the lines un-
der heavy fire of the enemy"
This was at the battle of Ell
Caney. Gen. Roberts was a Sec
ond lieutenant at the time.
Gen. Roberts last Army bill
let, before retiring In 1887, was
as commander of all troops in
the Washington area. The gen.
eral, who will be 80 next month,
still is active, drives his own
car and. just two years ago
motored alone across the coun-
try to visit relatives in Cali
fornia.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
PTA Plans Exhibit

The Parent Teachers Asso-
citation of the District Society
for Crippled Children will hold
an exhibition of self-help cloth
ing for handicapped children
at is monthly meeting at 8 pm
Wednesday in the society's
headquarters, 2800 Thirteenth
street NV.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
SHIP
Torpedoing Doubted
In Sinking Off Chino

graphs taken by the news
men of the two unidentified
warships.
They said the ships were not
Japanese, American or South
Korean but that they could
have come from a Communist
country. They did not elaborate.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
OCTOGENARIANS IN LIMELIGHT
Kennedy Honoring Heroes

medal at the Battle of Ell Ca
ney on July of that year.
A number of prominent
medal holders were unable to
come to Washington for the
reception. These included Au-
die Murphy, the most deco
rated soldier of World War II
ailing Sergt. Alvin York CT
World War l fame, and Col
Charles A. Lindbergh.
Most of the medal winners
we're honored for bravery in
World War II or the Korean
War.
8 Peace-time Awards
But eight of the 234 were
decorated for heroism in peace
time military operations.
Three of the eight were Navy
divers who received the MEDIA
of Honor for their part in the
1899 rescue of 33 survivors from
Squalus carried 26 men to theil
Squalus carried 26 men to their
deaths when it sank off the
New England coast, not too fal
from the area where 129 live;
were lost last month in thC
sinking of he nucear sub.
marine Thresher.
The three divers are William
Badders of Gatun, Canal Zone
James H. Mcdonald Of Rou.
lette, Pa, and John Mihalowsk
of Largo, Fla.
A medal winner who viii bt
conspicuous by his absence, ye
more conspicuous If he attend,
ed. is Arthur j. Jackson.
Mr.. Jackson, bounced from
the Marine Corps after the kill
ing of a suspected Cuban sp.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
ALLIANCE
! Towns New Hospital
Has No Beds, Doctors

said Gregory Labuza. a pharm-
acist student from Perth Am
boy. N. ].
Fortunately, the volunteers
do retain a sense Of humor.
They joke about brushing
their teeth in beer because their
temporary quarters have no
water They smile about a col
league who cracked up under
the strain: He kept reserving
rooms for his fiance at the To-
cal hotel. They laugh about
the "ch:ca," deadly h om m e.
brewed corn alcohol which they
have to drink to win the In
dians' confidence. They chuckle
over "quotable quotes" from
letters and hometown news
papers which are pasted on the
bulletin board in the grass hut.
Privacy Is Scarce
I'm trying to be broad
minded" read a letter from a
mother to her daughter, but 1t
seems strange to think Of you
being the only girl living in a
hut with four men,"
1t was the greatest joke of
all. The girl, in fact, does live
with another girl behind a
hanging straw mat in one of
the makeshift rooms of the hut
also shared by four boys. Pri-
vacy is a scarce commodity.
Back in Connecticut they
simply cannot comprehend how
primitive things are here" the
girl explained. She had the air
of a combat soldier patiently
explaining life to a recruit.
For all concerned, the punch
line came in the last sentence
of her mothers letter: "Re-
member, dear, no matter where
you are there are social stand
ards you must uphold. BY the
way. what is a barriada2"
If the Peace Corps accom-
plisheS nothing else In Latin
America, it certainly is produc-
ing a breed of young people
who will return to the United
States able to answer that
question.
Tomorrow: Haiti, island of
despair, poverty and tyranny.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
AMIDON
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page Al
come of $4,000 or less. DR..
Hansen and other school Of
ficials believe that the achieve
ment scores at Amidon and the
majority of District schools
fully using the Amidon plan,
demonstrate its effectiveness in
teaching a wide variety of
youngsters.
The standardized national
achievement test includes cate
gories for knowledge of words
and language, language study
skills. arithmetic computation
in problems, and social studies
In general, the Amidon
youngsters did slightly better
in language skills than in arith-
metic, although they exceeded
the national norms in both
areas.
Finish Well Ahead
DR.. Hansen today cited
scores showing that sixth
graders finishing up at Amidor
showed a median level in Ian
guage study skills 2la years
ahead Of the national norm. A
quarter OF the sixth graders
showed a 10th-grade level In
this test category.
The only youngsters slightly
below standard in any cate
gories we're In fifth grade
on reading. language and so.
cial studies. But as fourth.
graders the year before they
showed deficiencies in a mum.
ber Of areas. a trait Of fourth
graders throughout the cit!
which has puzzled DR.. Hanser
and his staff.
The youngsters, however
! seem to pull up In fifth grade
Evening star., 1963-05-02
ALLIANCE
Continued From Page A.

Continued From Page Al
thing like q suffocating blan-
ket, Day and night, low smoke
stacks from 46 fishmeal fac
tories belch forth white coulds
of anchovy smoke. Gallons OF
useless blood from millions OF
tiny pressed fish are continu-
ously piped into the polluted
bay.
Two hundred and fifty miles
to the south in Lima. officials
praise this industrial complex
as a gigantic new plus" for
the Peruvian economy. Fish
meal for fertilizer has become
the fourth largest export. Last
year it brought 49,8 million
precious dollars into the coun-
try.
But the results Of those dol
lars do not show in Chimbote
One garbage truck services the
whole city. Two Peruvian nurs-
es serve the health needs. A
new hospital is empty Of equip
ment, doctors or patients. The
steel mill - the only one in
Peru and an object of national
pride - has never shown q
profit, despite a discriminatory
$50 per cent tax on imported
steel.
Still, the people keep coming
to Chimbote. They scramble fol
scarce factory jobs which pay
between 81 and So a day. Every
afternoon the dilapidated rail-
way station is packed with re-
united Indian families fleeing
the misery Of the high Andes.
They exchange one misery fol
another. Barriadas of straw
shacks and adobe hutS sprawl
in all directions along the san
dy wastes Of the Pacific coast
They multiply faster than the
plans for containing them. A
group Of 20 huts in January
had grown to 1000 by March
In the older barbados families
can get their water in 7-gallon
cans from public faucets. In
new ones they use bicycles to
haul the buckets from distant
outlets.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
BY ]. A. O'LEARY
Star staff Writer

The House today appointed
conferees on the SLAB billion
supplemental appropriation bill
amid indications there will be
considerable controversy over
the Philippine amendment.
In passing the bill late yes
terday, the Senate rewrote a
1862 law to pay $73 million
in war damage claims to the
Philippine government. The
original law provided for pay
ment directly to individual
claimants,
The Senate's purpose in
changing the law is to prevent
lobbyists from collecting fees
out of the claims.
Before the conferees we're ap-
pointed, Representative Gross,
Republican Of Iowa. asked for
assurance there would be ample
time to discuss the Philippine
rider to the bill when the
conferees report.
Morgan Voices Opposition
At the same time, Chairman
Morgan Of the House Foreign
Affairs Committee told a re-
porter he still feels the pay
ments should be made directly
TO individual claimants.
The Senate rewrote thu
1862 law TO let the Philippine
government disburse the 81
million In claims. provided
will give the Secretary Of Stat
assurances on two points
namely.
That this sum will be &C
cepted In final satisfaction 10
all war claims, and that n
part OF the money will be pair
TO lobbyists.
Split on '62 Law Move
There was no dispute in Tn
Senate over the ban on lobby
ing fees. But Senators divide
sharply over the need for aban
doning the 1862 law, whicI
authorized payments directly I
the individual claimants.
Senator Mccarthy, Democra
of Minnesota, was defeated, 5
TO 26. when he offered a sub
stitute which left the 1862 la
intact, and merely added q ba
on payments TO lobbyists
The same controversy owe
changing the basic law is eS
pected TO arise in the Hous,
There may be opposition ais
In the House to using an az
preparation bill as the vehicl
, for amending a law that wa
| handled originally by the Fol
eign Affairs Committee.
Evening star., 1963-05-02
Philippine Claim Rider
Faces House Hurdle

The dispute over this Philip
pine rider may delay final en-
actment of the appropriation
bills, even though it carries
funds needed by many agen-
cies. including the Defense De-
partment.
In the closing hours of de-
bate yesterday the Senate took
these other steps:
Defeated, go to 26, a Republi-
can attempt to cut $500 million
from President Kennedy's $3.50
million emergency public works
fund. but moved up the time
limit on use of the funds from
July to January of 1864.
Defeated a move by Senator
Young. Democrat Of Ohio, tc
eliminate $50 million for equip
ping nuclear air raid shelters.
The House allowed nothing for
this purpose, despite budget
request for $6l.9 million.
Adopted an amendment by
Senators Ribicoff. Democrat
of Connecticut. and Javits. Re.
publican OF New York. adding
81 million for day nurseries fol
working mothers.
Adopted amendments by SEN
ator Humphrey, Democrat Of
Minnesota, restoring SIS mil.
lion for educational televisior
facilities. and $4,000 for Amer
ican participation in a United
Nations plan TO establish an in,
ternational peace corps secre
tariat.
This is the first money bill Il
pass both Houses, and as l
now stands II is $l63.6 millioi
less than the President request
ed, but about $50 million abov
the amount approved by tn
House.
on all Of the bills passed b,
the House thus far, $725 mil
lion has been cut from tn
Kennedy budget. The big cues
ton is how much Of this vii
be restored In the Senate. o.
this first bill the Senate restor
ations were moderate.
II is now up TO a Joint con
ference committee TO iron ou
!, differences.
Gans paguihIa 4 MSS
Evening star., 1963-05-02
INVESTORS
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page Al
of investment firms and their
statesmen, would establish
minimum capital under which
they could operate, would re-
quire bonding and would per-
nit denial or revocation Of a
license for lack of qualifica-
tionS or fraudulent practices.
Mr.. Cary said the procedures
provided under this measure
should afford adequate means
to keep out unqualified per.
sons. thus reducing the posi-.
bility of potential violations
In contrast, he said, the SEC
usually cannot act until viola
tions have occurred and in.
vestors have been injured.