davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-20
:Wirtz Praises Unionisnn
At Civil Service Fete

dedicated to that principle"
He concluded by saying that
"a years experience with 10,988
has shown the potential it has"
This is an attitude and a
point of view" he said, land it
is only a prelude to the flu
ture."
Praised by Olsen
Earlier at the dinner in the
Sheraton-Park Hotel. Repre-
sentative Olsen, Democrat of
Montana, said, referring to the
new government unionisni, that
certainly collective bargaining
leads to harmony"
Times has proven the wis
dom of union leadership" he
said.
However, he said, govern
ment employees in general must
strive to preserve an image of
competency and efficiency TO
the public at large. He warned
that this image requires FeA-
eral workers to serve the prl1-
lie pleasantly and skillfully."
IN know you'll do it," he said.
Cites Progress
John w. Macy, jr., United
States Civil Service Commits
sion chairman, also praised
Federal employees and listed
some Of their achievements in
1862.
Among these, Mr.. Macy said,
were the annual review of Fed
eral salaries. adjustment of
annuities to changes in the
cost Of living, and official rec
ognition of employe unions.
He also counted as other
progressive steps for civil SER
wants the equal appeal rights
for non-veterans and full
equality of opportunity for
women in the Federal service.
More than 900 persons at
tended the dinner which was
sponsored by the American
Federation of Government EN-
ployees. AFL-CIO, in the ball
room of the Sheraton-Park
Hotel. John F. Griner, ma
tional president Of the fedora
tion, welcomed the members
and guests.
Evening star., 1963-01-20
johnson Halls
Cuban Policy
OF president

Vice President johnson said
yesterday Americas power anc
prestige in the world reached
new heights in the first two
years of the Kennedy admin
stration.
He told a luncheon meeting
Of the Democratic Nationa,
Committee, I'VE have pulled
the fangs of the Cuba rattle
snake" and, as a result, free
dom is stronger everywhere in
the world"
by calling the bluff in Cuba,
Mr.. Johnson said, I'VE made
freedom in Berlin and South
east Asia that much surer. And
where a few short years age
the Communist world was solid
and united, its major preoc-
cupation today is a bitter in
ternal quarrel between its two
most powerful leaders"
The Vice Presidents talk
ended three harmonious days
of conferences among Demo-
cratic State leaders on the
party's status and plans.
Seek Convention Site
Yesterday afternoon, the site
committee heard presentations
from seven cities seeking the
1854 national convention. Rep
resentatives of Chicago, De-
troit, Miami Beach, Baltimore,
Philadelphia, Atlantic City and
San Francisco described their
facilities and attractions. No
decision was made.
Earlier, Democratic National
Chairman John M. Bailey
called for a renewed registra-
ton effort this year to offset
the danger signals" in some
areas revealed by the 1862 elec-
ton returns.
Back Home Rule
I'm 1860 the Republicans in
creased their congressional
vote As per cent over 1883"
Mr.. Bailey said. I'VE increased
ours by only 36 per cent. Then
in 1852 the Republican con-
gressional vote decreased only
Is per cent while ours dropped
80 per cent"
at its routine meeting, the
National Committee approved
a resolution indorsing home
rule and national representa-
ton for the District of Colum-
bia. 1t was offered by National
Committeeman Frank D. Reeves
and National Committeewoman
Polly Shackleton of the Dis
trict.
Evening star., 1963-01-20
Rupucki Visits India

NEW DELHI, India, Jan. 10
tAP) P).-Foreign Minister Adam
Rapacki of Poland arrived here
today for a six-day visit on in
vitation of Prime Minister
Nehru. Asked about reports
that Poland might mediate the
Chinese-Indian border dispute,
Mr.. Rapacki said, My first
task is to meet the statesmen. "
Evening star., 1963-01-20
BY EARL III. VOSS
Star staff Writer

President Kennedy's author
ity to cut tariffs and keep many
American products competitive
with those of the European
Common Market would be sig
nificantly reduced if Britain
did not join the six present
members.
He may eventually have to
go back to Congress to seek
additional authority.
Until now, however, admin
istration leaders have made no
move in this direction. They
are still concentrating on get
ting French President de Gaulle
to change his attitude so Brit
ain can enter the Common
Market.
What hopethere is that he
will change his mind soon rests
with West German Chancellor
Adenauer, who begins talks
with Gen. de Gaulle in Paris
tomorrow. But it appears likely
that the talks will end incon-
clusively, meaning that the
French roadblock for Britain
entry into the Common Mar
ket will remain.
Tariff Reduction Authority
Last years Trade Expansion
Act gives President Kennedy
authority to reduce United
States tariffs by so per cent
across the board.
In addition, he is given au-
thority in negotiations with the
European Common Market to
eliminate tariffs entirely ION
products within categories of
which the United States and
the European Economic Com
together account for
80 per cent or more of world
exports as measured in a rep
resentative period" Trade in
side the six-nation community
Evening star., 1963-01-20

Secretary of Labor Wirtz last
night praised for Government
employe unionism and offered
his wholehearted support to a
voluntary dues checkoff system
for Federal workers.
M king an unScheduled
speech at a dinner celebrating
the eightieth anniversary of
the Federal Civil Service Sys-
tenn, Mr.. Wirtz also said he
hoped that the future of Amer
lean labor relations would fol-
low the methods Of organized
Federal employees who do not
resort to economic sanctions to
achieve their goals.
The Secretary said the first
year of organized bargaining
among Federal employees was
completely successful"
However, he pointed out, this
bargaining is still expert
mental" and its success is
limited.
Hopes for Solutions
Alluding to the economic
hardships caused by the East
Coast longshore and New York
City newspaper strikes, Mr.
Writ said, I'VE are looking
for labor management solutions
that do not fall back on econ
omic sanctions
He said he hoped that the
successes of government union
ism in its first year would lead
the way in this field.
Mr.. Wirtz was referring to
Executive Order 1O9S8, signed
by President Kennedy last jan
uary. This order required gov
ernment agencies to bargain
collectively with recognized
unions if they represent more
than so percent of the workers
in an appropriate bargaining
unit.
Unions claim they represent
about 100000 out of the "a
million Federal employees.
Mr.. Wirtz said one of the
problems to be worked out un-
der the order is the voluntary
checkoff of union dues of or
ganized government workers.
He said. I'VE wholeheartedly
indorse it," and I'VE are all
Evening star., 1963-01-20
THE FEDERAL SPOTLIGHT
IndustrioIist Randall Expected
To Head Kennedy Pay Study

TO be added onto the raises
already approved for next jan
uary !. probably will wait until
he receives the recommenda-
tions on executive and con-
gressional pay.
Then both will be sent up to
Congress together
This is because the proposed
pay raises for upper-grade ca
reer employees will depend to a
great extent on the salary
scales recommended for cabinet
officers, agency heads and
members Of Congress.
Mr.. Kennedy's Federal classi-
fled and postal employe pay
raise proposals are expected to
range from S85 for those in the
lowest grades up to $4,000 for
those in the top career pay
grades Consequently, while the
granting OF additional increases
TO the lower grades is not so
much dependent on what hap
pens TO the Executive Act and
congressional pay proposals
The top career grades can't
be raised any further unless
Executive Act and congress
sional salaries are raised.
TWo-IN-FAMILY RULE
Representative Lankford. DEM
ocrat Of Maryland. has spon-
sored a bill to repeal the pres
ent law which allows no more
than two members OF a family
living under the same roof TO
hold Federal Jobs,
Mr.. Lankford declares that
the present law prevents the
Government from hiring out
standing professional scientific
and engineering talents, par
ticularly IN the cases Of college
graduates whose parents work
In the Federal service.
The csc supports the Lank-
ford bill. The commission
agrees that the present law re-
stricts the Government from
hiring the best available tall
Evening star., 1963-01-20

ent. And 1t also says the pres
ent law is inconsistent because
1t valves the no-more-than-
two-in-a-family provision in
cases where either of the par
ents are veterans.
HIGHER PROMOTION PAY
"A trio Of influential men,
bers of the House Civil Service
Committee have Joined in spon-
soring legislation to guarantee
cash increases equivalent TO at
least two in-steps OF their pre-
vious grades TO Federal classi-
fled employees who we're pro-
NOTED between January /, 1862,
and October IA, when the new
pay reform law took effect.
Under the new law, all those
promoted after october IA re-
ceiyed this two-step guarantee
Consequently, those promoted
before then because of ability
or seniority or both are making
less than those promoted since
then.
The bills sponsors are Rep
resentatiyes Olsen, Democrat OF
Idaho. Broyhill OF Virginia
and Cunningham Of Nebraska,
Republicans Mr.. Lankford also
has sponsored a similar
measure.
ANTI-SPEEDUP 49, Senator
Magnuson, Democrat Of Wash
ington, has sponsored a bill TO
prohibit the use OF employe
timing or measuring devices
In the postal service.
POSTMASTERS - Senator
Williams. Republican OF Della
ware, has sponsored a bill,
SLOT, TO eliminate Senate APP
proval Of first, second and
third class postmasters. In
stead, these postmasters would
be appointed by the Postmas-
ter General. the same way that
fourth-class postmasters now
are.
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
The Emaneipated Negro American:
Progress, Opportunity, And
Challenge In The Years Ahead

gard to slavery North of the
Ohio River); the Compromise
of 1920 (Missouri-slave and
Maine-slave) and no extension
of slavery north of SO degrees
and 80 minutes; the Compromise
Of 1850 (which extended the
concept of 1920 by making all
persons North or South, East
or West, Slave or Free, respon-
sible for the reporting and re-
capture of a run away slave, all
only delayed the day in which
a solution would have to be
made on the question of Negro
Slavery and of the two contest
ing economic systems.
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
Labor Department Booklet
commemorated Emancipation

lies not in what we say today,
but in what we do in the days
and months ahead to complete
the work begun by Abraham
Lincoln"
Vice President Lyndon B.
johnson, Chairman Of the Pre-
sident's committee, in his state
ment calls for q vigorous effort
on the part of Negro leadership:
Negro leaders and organiza-
tions must take the lead in
showing the way They
must continue to impress upon
then (the Negro lay public)
that If their economic and Soc
ial condition Is to be improved
to any measurable degree, 1t
will have to be largely by their
own bOotstraps. They must be
imbued with the necessity for
more education and training
and instilled with the desire,
the motivation, and the deter
minatiOn to equip themselves
and acquire those skills that
will enable them to compete for
jobs on the open market, on
the basis of qualifications
alone. This is particularly true
in the case of Negro youth"
Secretary Wirtz, Vice Chairman
of the Committee, calls for a
facing up to realities in the
matter of the status of the Me-
gro in the national economy:
"Faced with the hard reali-
ties of today's world, we must
accept the inexorable fact that
es Nation we can no longer
afford the continued tragic
waste of the Negroes skills
and manpower. This gross ma
tional waste of human resour-
ces is fed by discriminatory hir-
ing practices. Even aside from
the purely moral and humi-
tartan considerations, it is in
the vital interest of our coun-
try that we eliminate such dis
criminaton, and that we make
the fullest possible use Of the
talents and potential of ALL Of
our citizens"
The booklet is for sale by
the Superintendent Of Docu-
ments, u. S. Government Print
ing Office, Washington Is, d.
c., at 80 cents a copy.
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

Frederick Douglass but all was
not completely bright for a rev.
olution Of such great chang.
and magnitude takes time. One
author put it this way.
"In Mrs. Stoves day the
caste system could not look
quite so evil because the Amer
lean Negro had not yet had
reasonable opportunity to show
what was in him. The racists'
position as of 1850 had not yet
been riddled by the examples of
writer's like James Weldon John
son; statesmen like Ralph Bun
che; judges like William L. Has
tie; scientists like George
Washington Carver; Negro or
ganizers like Booker T. Wash
ington and Lester Granger"
The changes in America and
for the Negro, since the Eman-
cipation Proclamation, in spite
of handicaps and opposition,
have been great and phenom-
email. Thousands of young men
and women now work and study
toward jobs and positions in the
main stream of economic life.
Negroes are gaining seats in
local, state and national gov
.ernments on merit and there
are indications that the year
1868 will be a year of new
gains, accomplishments and of
new ordinations, faith and ded-
ication to the American dream,
even in greater proportion than
any could fairly predict ten
years ago.
The nation, except in few
instances, has come to view the
Negro as a partner, and an as
set, rather than as an alien or
liability.
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

which may achieve and cherish
a just and lasting peace among
ourselves and with all nations"
The Civil War after four
years of destruction and con-
struction ended in April 1865
and President Abraham Lincoln
was shot the same month. One
hundred years later the Negro
was not yet free. Job, residence,
education, social and other types
of discrimination, too numer-
Gus to mention, were very much
evident throughout the land.
Progress could be seen in al
most every facet of American
life but much of this progress
could be measured and seen and
accepted by the present genera
ton of whites and Negroes.
World War II after four years.
ended in 1945, the formation of
the United Nations in the same
year, the rapid growth of Rus
sia, with hope of extending
itself over all areas of the
world, the independence agita-
tions of African, Asian, Latin
American and other underde-
veloped or former colonial peo-
pies, the development in prac-
tical religious action, the great
educational, cultural and econ
omic advances; Supreme Court,
Federal, State and Interstate
Commerce Commission decisions
rendered in behalf of the Ne
gro, plus a desire on the part
of the nation to maintain it's
position as leader of the West
and of the world all worked in
favor of new steps in the right
direction for all people. The Ne.
gro perhaps benefited the most
but the United States gained
J much in the period 1945-1962.
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
Third Revolution

The Civil War was Ameri-
cas- third great Revolution. The
American Revolution, 177O-1783
and the Observation-Disclosures
Revolution, 18OO-184O were the
first and second great changes
in Americans political life be-
fore the War Between the
States. Not only was the vote
extended but Negroes gained
freedom, citizenship, and the
right to marry, own property
and to have a business and de-
velop a family of his own. To
be more exact the Civil War
gave the Negro the right to be a
human being in the land of the
free and home of the brave, and
the right to have opportunity
and responsibility for his own
life and for the life of his great
nation.
Moreover the Civil War unit
ed the United States for the
first time because the destruc-
tion of the Confederacy settled
one great constitutional issue
the nature of the Union. After
1865 millions of small white
farmers and citizens who form
ally did not work for wages,
send their children to school or
have any real hope for ad-
vancement in the land of great
promise found that they too
were citizens of the great ma
ton. BY 1900 when the United
States had become the greatest
industrial nation in the world,
Americans - North and South,
Negro and white-could look
back to the Civil War as a be-
ginning rather than an end of
their world.
Gone were the pre-Civil War
days of Harriet B. Stowe and
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

Washington, D. C. - Secre-
tary Of Labor w. Willard
Writ has announced the re-
lease Of the booklet america
is for Everybody" as a Depart
ment of Labor contribution of
the national commormoration of
the Tooth anniversary Of the
signing Of the Emancipation
Proclamation by President Lin
coin.
In releasing the publication,
Secretary Wirtz stated:
"The American Negro made
tremendous strides in the past
100 years. 1t has been a most
difficult path. To say merely
that the Negroes progress has
not been easily gained is q
passive and indefensible euph.
emisin; when the truth of the
matter is that every step along
the way has been hard-won
every foot of progress has had
to be chopped laboriously
through a jungle of prejudice
and discrimination.
Notwithstanding these OBJ
stacles, and regardless of the
criteria applied, the Negro has
moved ahead substantially. In
his social status his educational
level, his economic position, he
has forged and admorable re.
cord of progress, and in so do
ing, he has contributed greatly
to the strength of his country
The booklet contains state
ments by the President and by
the Vice President, and q copy
of the Emancipation Proclama-
ton. It uses text and tables to
trace changes in attention to in
creased life expectancy and ed
ucation. A section is devoted to
the Negro in the labor market
and another to the problem of
racial discrimination in employ
ment and the roles of the Labor
Department and the Presidents
Committee on Equal Employ
ment Opportunity in efforts to
solve this problem.
President Kennedy in a fore
word statement says: "The
Emancipation Proclamation was
not an end. 1t was a beginning
The best commemoration
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
By ALONzO T. STEPHENS

The United States of North
America is a great nation of
many peoples; ideals, traditions
and concepts. 1t is q land where
each of the following terms in
some degree explain what the
country was, is, and will be-
come. Regionalism, sectional
ism, evolution, revolution, slav-
cry, and freedom and many
more words describe the great
republic. The United States of
North America is a world melt
ing pot. European - Spanish,
French, Dutch, English, Germ
an; Asian = Chinese, Japan
ese; African - Natives of Cen
trail and West Africa; South
American; Native American In
dians and Eskimos; and many
more in smaller numbers from
all sections of the earth find
opportunity for work and a
chance to live in the United
States.
1t is inevitable that there
must be conflicts and problems
when so many people from so
many lands and cultures mix
to find a way of life in such a
short period.
In 1907, the first permanent
English settlement was made in
jamestown, Virginia. In 1919
Negroes representing a foreign
and alien race came to that set
tlement. 1t was perhaps natural
that they would work only a
few years as indentured serv-
ants, later to be converted TO
complete slave status. In the
following year, 1920, the Pill
grims landed at Plymouth Rock,
Massachusetts. In time the two
settlements - Virginia and
Massachusetts became symbols
of two great but distinct eco-
nomic, social, political and in
tellectual sections, the South
and the North.
As both sections grew, the
South more agricultural and
the North more industrial, it
was inevitable that only a cris-
is would bind. them together.
Compromises failed to unite the
two giant forces. The Compro-
mise of 1888 - the three-fifth
representation clause, the pied
gre to re-examine the slave trade
in 1908; the provisions of the
Northwest, Ordinance Tin re-
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
Southern Presidents

From 1889 to 1860, except in
a few cases - John Adams and
John @. Adams, Martin Van
Buren, Millard Fillmore, Frank
lin Pierce and James Buchan-
an - the executive branch of
the United States was dominat-
ed by Southern Presidents. At
ter 1860 the situation is revers-
ed and only three men - Thom-
as Woodrow Wilson, Harry S.
Truman and Dwight D. Eisen-
hover - ever reached the Pres
idency from a birth place in the
South.
But even though Northern
men were generally elected to
the presidency in the period
1860 to 1862, the legislative
branch of the government -
Senate and House of Represen-
tatives, was in the hands of the
South, even though in some
years they formed the minor
ity. Moreover, before 1860, the
Supreme Court was packed with
Southern men but since 1860
the men of the North gained
positions in the Supreme Court.
The above outlined composition
of the United States of North
Americas chief governmental
branches explains why the revo-
luton, as it affected the Ne
gro, took certain turns at diff
ferent time in United States
history.
April is an important month
in the history of the United
States. April IL, 1861 the Con-
federate bombardment of Fort
Sumter began at 4:30 am. Be-
fore the last surrender of the
Civil War General E. Kirby in
Texas on May 26, 1865 would be
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

accepted the Negro would be-
come liberated man who would
begin long, bitter and upward
climb to full freedom of oppor-
tunity and challenge and re-
sponsibility.
"One-eighth of the whole pop
ulation were colored slaves, not
distributed generally over the
union, but localized in the South
ern part of it. These slaves
constituted a peculiar and pow
erful interest. All knew that
this interest was somehow the
cause of the war. To strength,
perpetuate, and extend this in
terest was the object which the
insurgents would rend the Un-
ion even by War, while the gov
ernment claimed no right to do
more than to restrict the terri
torial enlargement of it. Meth
er party expected for the war
the magnitude or the duration
which it has already attained"
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
Intention of Restoration

Lincoln's second inaugural
message indicated that his in
tention to restore Southern
states quickly and without re-
elimination is one of the great
truths of his administration. The
quoted portion above and the
extracted portion below attest to
the humanitarian spirit of the
Great Emancipator.
with malice toward none,
with charity for all, with firm
ness in the right as God gives
us to see the right, let us strive
on to finish the work we are in,
to bind up the Nations wounds,
to care for him who shall have
borne the battle and for his
widow and orphan, to do all
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

President Kennedy in a fore
word statement says: "The
Emancipation Proclamation was
not an end. 1t was a beginning
The best commemoration
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-25
Sidney Federal
Land Bank Will
Declare Dividend

The Federal Land Bank Asso-
citation of Sidney has declared n
6 per cent dividend amounting to
$14, 503.50 to be paid to its stock
holders of record November 30.
Checks will be mailed beginning
January 2, 1864.
Oscar w. Olson, Association
Manager, who announced the divi-
dend, said 416 farmers and
ranchers in this area will share
in the money.
Olson said the Association divi-
dend resulted from a 1000, 900
dividend declared by the Federal
Land Bank of Spokane. The
banks capital, Olson explained,
is entirely owned by 81 Federal
Land Bank Associations in the
four Northwest states. Associa-
ton stock is owned by its mem
ber-borrowers.
Since 1914, the Spokane bank
has paid Sc. SOC, 900 in dividends
and the Sidney Federal Land
Bank Association has distributed
~$S1943.15 to its stockholders, &C.
cording to Oscar Olson.
The Federal Land Bank Asso-
citation of Sidney serves Rich
land, Dawson, McCone, Prairie
and Wibaux counties.