davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-05-30
Other Side of Counter

A letter from Lillian Sin
clair Large suggests that
when the retail price Of eggs
and other food takes a dip,
it should be reflected by cuts
in restaurant prices for these
items.
One may find bargains ad-
vertised in the papers but
these items are rarely avail
able to the restaurant owner.
If we were to race around
town every time a special"
is advertised, our costs would
be higher than they are now.
Most restaurants do not
change their prices daily or
seasonally. We prefer to OPP
crate on an average mark-up.
Someties the customer gets
the benefit. and sometimes
the reStaurateur. To wit,
a speciality of my restaurants
is crabcakes. The price of
crabmeat has practically
doubled in the last IL
months. Our price has in
creased only 1917, and that
was two weeks ago. Is this
unfair to the consumer?
A restaurateur's food cost
Gas a percentage of sales)
stays amazingly constant,
even though prices fluctuate.
Stanley Katz.
Evening star., 1963-05-30
Futile Gumbit

Senators Dodd and Humphrey, with
the bipartisan support of 80 Of their
colleagues, now are embarked on a
legislative effort to break the nuclear
teSt-ban deadlock. Their objective is to
persuade the Soviet Union to accept a
first-step agreement outlawing all at
moSpheric and underwater shots, but
permitting the underground type until
a meeting of minds is reached, some
day, somehow, to put an end to them
as well.
Laudable as it may be, we have no
doubt that this gambit is futile. 1t has
been offered before to the Russians
more than once, more than twice
and they have repeatedly turned thumbs
down, rejecting it flatly and absolutely.
And nothing could seem as predictable
and certain as that they will reject it
once again. Only the most wishful
among us could think otherwise.
In the circumstances, what can be
said in favor Of the limited-ban reso-
luton co-Sponsored by Senators Dodd
and Humphrey? Not much, we think.
One suggestion is that it may have some
propaganda value, that it may put the
Russians on the spot, that it may i'm
press the Afro-Asian "neutraliSts" with
the idea that we are the good guys in
this situation and the Soviets the bad
guys. Well, maybe so. But we suspect
that people like DR.. Sukarno Of Indo-
nesia and DR.. Nkrumah Of Ghana still
have their minds made up against us,
no matter what.
Accordingly, as we see 1t, the moral
to be drawn from all this is simply that
we should recognize reality and go for
ward with whatever testing may be
necessary-in whatever medium, sky,
sea or ground-to safeguard the security
of the United States Of America and the
free world at large.
Evening star., 1963-05-30
Pricked Bubble

Reports from Damascus and Bagh-
dad leave little room for doubt that
President NaSSer has had it. That is to
say, his dream of great and tightly
federated United Arab Republic-built
around Syria, Iraq and his own Egypt
has come into collision with the harsh
realities of the Middle East. His pretty
bubble has been pricked and sent fly
ing all apart in shimmering futility.
True enough, the leaders of Syria
and Iraq continue to pay lip-service to
Colonel NaSSer's impassioned call for
federation and union. Even as they do
so, however, they continue to arrest
and execute-his most ardent support
ers, who obviously are regarded as trea-
sonable in Damascus and Baghdad. The
reason for this is that the leaders Of the
Ba'ath Socialist Party (also known as
the Arab Renaissance Party are highly
suspicious Of the Egyptian leader. Al
though they may agree in principle with
his venomous attitude toward Jordan,
Saudi Arabia and Israel, they take a
very dim view Of his Napoleonic bent;
they do not like his attempt to shape
the whole Of the Middle East in his own
image and likeness; and they do not
like the idea Of subjecting themselves,
within federation or union, to the
kind Of Cairo-based, dictatorial rule that
he favors. They are more liberal in that
sense; they seem to favor parliamentary
government for whatever sort Of Pan
Arab organization may evolve out of the
present situation.
Meanwhile, in their own somewhat
confusing and inscrutable way, Damas-
Gus, Baghdad and Cairo can be counted
upon not TO see eye to eye on lot of
other matters. Certainly, as far as Mid
die Eastern stability is concerned, this
Is something that will be welcomed not
only by Israel, but also by Jordan and
Saudi Arabia, both Of which have been
menaced by Colonel Nasser and his
ever-elusive Arab union.
Evening star., 1963-05-30
Memorial Day

1t is Memorial Day Let us remem-
Der our dead.
Between the two great wars of this
century 1t used to be said that the war
dead could best be remembered by the
efforts Of the living to avoid war in the
future. We know now, after Korea and
while Viet-Nam continues, that 1t Is not
always possible to avoid war, that other
alternatives may be worse. Also, while
1t is always our duty to work for peace,
to do so is not the same thing as the
simple act of memory and gratitude
called for by this day.
All our wars, we think, looking back,
have been fought for those principles
we associate with the existence of this
Nation and most have been fought for
the survival of the Nation either phys
ically or as promise for mankind. Even
those wars of which we may have retro
Spective doubt, such as the Mexican War
and the long, sporadic war with the In
dianS, aSSuredly contributed to what now
seems the inevitable growth of the
United States.
throw off the miSrule of George III or
to hold in check the military menace of
communiSm-all our wars were fought
by men in arms, many Of whom died
while so doing. 1t is these we remember.
Acting through the genius of JET
ferson, we declared ourselves independ-
ent; but already some farmer had left
his plough, taken his rifle from over
the mantle, and headed for Concord, to
become the first of the American war
dead
Acting through the genius Of Lin
coin, we kept this Nation one and we
ended slavery; but to do so thousands of
American soldiers died on a field that
included the hills of Pennsylvania and
the Mississippi delta.
Twice in our century we have faced
and faced down the fury of the Ger
mans" Each time the job was done by
Americans in arms who, when the final
question was asked, died for their
country.
Almost since the end of World War
II, we have been building a system of
mutual security for free nations. Diplo-
matically and politically this has been
a hard task, But the hardest part of it
has been borne by those who have died
in the process.
1t Is Memorial Day. Let us remember
and be grateful to those who have died
that America might live.
Evening star., 1963-05-30
New Charter Drive

The 1862 campaign to elect a charter
board TO develop more modern form Of
local government for Prince Georges
County lost by the narrow margin OF 3l1
votes. And there is little doubt that
failure was due in part to the fact that
this effort was led by relatively small
group. In support OF a determined
set Of governmental reforms.
In sharp contrast, the strategy OF
the newly organized county Home Rule
Charter Committee is to avoid commit
ment TO specific approaches at this time,
and TO concentrate on the matter Of
getting the charter board set up. More
over the committee itself is more broad
ly representative Of the county, includ-
ing a liberal sprinkling Of active poll
ticians. Most significantly, one Of them
Is Mrs. Gladys Spellman, current coun-
ty commissioner, whose colleagues on
the board Of commissioners would not
Evening star., 1963-05-30
He Should Stay Home

We do not want to sound Stuffy
about this. But certain dignity at
taches to the office of the presidency of
the United States. And one of the obli-
cations of President is to refrain from
anything which would demean or debase
his office.
At the moment President Kennedy
is under pressure from some Negro
SpokeSmen to go to Alabama and per-
Sonally escort two Negro applicants into
the university. This proposal first
emerged in private meeting between
the Attorney General and a group of
Negro leaders in New York. Now it is
being advocated publicly by the Rev.
Martin Luther King, jr.
What prospect this raiSes Ala
bama's Governor Wallace has said that
he personally will stand in the doorway
and deny admission to the Negro appli-
cants. What is the President supposed
to do? Should he grab the Governor by
the seat of the pants and toss him out
of a window?
The White House is saying nothing
obOuG 4dCCoI AA1N4OdOlOll. DuJ bIlC
President already has said what he
needs to say. He has made it perfectly
clear that he will use all means at his
disposal, including Federal troops if nee
eSsary, to see to it that the order of the
court is obeyed. This is the duty of the
President. This is the responsibility of
the President. And this is the attitude
that is compatible with the high office
he holds.
Those who would pressure him into
personal encounters with the likes of
Governor Wallace should pull back for
a moment and think. Do they want
someone in the White House who, in
the best sense, is President of the United
States? Or do they want a man who
will get down in the gutter with any
demagogue who happens to come along?
Evening star., 1963-05-30

primary withdraws or dies,
no substitute can be placed
on the ballot.
In the only current and
authoritative study Of school
board election procedures,
this method was found to be
the worst possible. In a study
this year of methods Of
electing school boards
throughout the Nation made
by the American Association
OF University Women, the
addition Of a primary at, the
time Of the party primary
elections was judged the least
desirable.
Selection Of school board
candidates at the time OF
the party primaries will tend
TO move the education OF our
children squarely into the
political arena. In addition,
because OF the novel provi-
sions Of this law, II will OPP
crate TO the disadvantage Of
the registered independent
who has never before been
permitted TO vote In a party
primary election. Also. only
a small proportion OF all
registered voters participate
In any primary election.
Thus this law. which has as
Its only excuse for an other
wise cumbersome innovation
the election OF school board
members by a majority, will
actually result In selection OF
school board candidates by a
minority.
The 1862 primary saw
more than l25 names on the
Montgomery County ballot.
School issues are too impor-
tant 10 be submerged In the
welter Of more than 1875 par
tisar1 campaigns. IL will be
impossible 10 focus proper
attention on school board
candidates under such cir
cumstances.
The school board Is un-
paid. II will be difficult 10
Evening star., 1963-05-30
Unity on Welfare

The Star overSimplifies the
Districts welfare issue when
it defines 1t as a liberal
perpetuation versus the prac-
tical Of getting people off
relief. Or is the question,
how do we get a workable
program, The Stars or any
other?
In the District we have no
unified leadership with in
itiative and power to get the
job done right. Despite the
good services in uncovering
the mess, wherein is the great
effort at remedy? We have
been side-tracked with point
less arguments as to eligi-
bility.
Effective welfare requires a
philosophy implemented by a
workable policy and admin
istration. But, the latter
must have the appropria-
tions, the tools, facilities,
program, staff, all with a
sufficiency of quality and
quantity to do an efficient
job.
Welfare must be a tight
program, as The Star sug-
gests. Of building decency,
dignity and self-sufficiency.
But 1t must also be efficient
and workable. The big ques-
ton and the real issue is can
our District leaders get to-
gether and do this?
Milton A. MandeI.
Evening star., 1963-05-30
Fairfax Third Party

One argument advanced in
favor of establishing a third
political party at the local
level in Fairfax County is
based on a false comparison
with the non-partisan move
ment in Arlington. The sue
cess Of that movement was
owing in large part to a set
Of circumstances peculiar to
Arlington County at the time
the group was founded.
The Arlington school sys-
tenn was totally unsatisfac-
tory to many people and it
was getting worse because it
was inadequately supported
by the county government.
The original movement in
Arlington was a widely based
group calling itself the Citi-
zens Committee for School
Improvement. Its aim was to
elect sympathetic county
board members. BY contrast,
in Fairfax County, a major
ity Of each of the last two
Boards of Supervisors has
been dedicated to good
schools and has put, a great
deal Of energy and thought
into improving the ones we
have.
In Arlington. places Of in
fluence did not exist in the
local parties for those who
wanted to work for better
schools, protection against
exploitation by spectators,
and improved local services.
In Fairfax today, both ma
tional parties have room and
work for people interested in
progress.
Arlington elects its board
members at-large, with terms
OF office staggered, and it
has an election every year.
These facts make county,
wide political organization
practical, and they permit
concentration on and con-
tinuity of local political eff
fort. Fairfax elects its SUPER
visors by districts and all at
once every four years. 1t is
politically unrealistic to hope
to organize a countrywide
political group in seven frag-
ments and keep it in cold
storage during four years of
marking time.
The special form of govern
ment which provides for
Arlington's method of elect
ing board members also gives
the county control Of its own
road system and protection
against piecemeal annexa-
tion and Incorporation. These
benefits were obtained for
Arlington by its Democratic
delegation to Richmond 30
years ago when Arlington
began to face a period Of
growth similar to the one now
plaguing Fairfax. II Fairfax
Evening star., 1963-05-30

induce qualified candidates
to seek this post II they must
expend their time and re-
sources for two campaigns
for the office.
This is bad legislation.
Even those who think II is
good. however, should have
enough faith in the voters to
be willing for them TO ex-
press their free will. This
principle is so vital that 1t
overshadows the merits or
demerits OF the legislation
itself. This is especially true
In a situation such as this
where. by q Ga vote, the
Montgomery County delega-
ton to Annapolis sponsored
legislation opposed by most
countrywide civic groups, re-
fused TO hold hearings on
the legislation and refused TO
have a study commission
recommend the course which
should be followed in this
area.
Unfortunately. the long
delay before the bill was
signed into law left the
County Council OF PTAs with
less than three weeks TO
print and distribute petitions
and obtain i0.i50 signatures.
II also put the MCcPTA at
the disadvantage OF start
ing the drive after an over
whelming majority OF its
locals had held their last
meeting until fall. II we sue
coed In obtaining more than
10000 signatures In such q
short period Of time, under
such adverse conditions, this
will clearly demonstrate the
dissatisfaction OF Montgom-
cry County citizens with this
approach 10 the enactment
Of legislation vitality affect
Ing their interests.
Millard Cass,
President, Montgomery Coun-
~ Council OF Parent
Teacher Associations.
Evening star., 1963-05-30

the sound track of bombs and
rifle fire. Pictured, too, are
the shotguns and the use of
high pressure fire hoses. Mr..
Bull Connor's statement that
he regretted it was an am
bulance and not a hearse
that took away an injured
man also is used as a sort
of text to accompany the
daily portrayal of Birming-
hams violent efforts to deny
equal use of public life to its
colored citizens.
One paper mocks us, ask
ing If there is any real diff
ference between the late
Adolf Hitler's racist attitudes
and those Of Americas ex-
tremists. Again, we are vul-
nerable.
Understood Troop Order
At the United Nations the
African delegates. in conver-
sation, understood and ap-
preciated President Ken
nedy's sending of troops to
sober the mobs and the city
and State officials. The con-
tinent Of Africa will, within
a very few years, be entirely
under African rule save for
South Africa. Those experi-
enced In African affairs be-
ieve that within three to
five years the forciblymain-
tanned segregational policy Of
the Union of South Africa
will be subjected to an at
tack that will overwhelm It.
1t is not denied that White
Citizens Councils OF Missis-
sippi have had contacts with
leaders Of South African seq
gregationists. That the lead
ership OF two Southern
States apparently believes Il
successfully can espouse, Of
ficially or fraternally, the
equivalent OF the worst and
harshest prejudices In the
world is something neither
President Kennedy. nor any
President OF the future. can
ignore. President Eisenhower
could not do so when con-
fronted with Little Rock.
Nor can the Nation accept
the claim that States rights
allows a small segment Of the
Country TO endanger the ma
tional welfare - as Il Is
doing.
Can we satisfy the princi-
pies OF our national honor
and the conscience OF a
nation that insists II honors
God - with spectacles such
as Birmingham
All RiEhts Reserved
Evening star., 1963-05-30

is to get relief from some of
its pressing local problems,
that relief must come from
Richmond. No good purpose
can be served by cutting off
some of our best people from
working on these problems by
confining them to the local
scene in a strictly local third
party. Diana WaShbOn Bird.
Evening star., 1963-05-30
FOCUS ON THE NEWS
New U.S.. Stance in Race Issue
BY CHARLES BARTLETT

sary prelude to equality
status in the Deep South.
The moderate leaders warn
that the climate has changed,
that events are moving fast,
and that the burning ques-
ton is whether the Presi-
dent or the extremists will
emerge with the reins Of
leadership.
They say that the Illusion
of Negro contentment with
second-class citizenship in
the South has been shattered
by the riots and that the Ma
ton is confronted, unless
steps are taken, with the
prospect of a long series of
sporadic explosive episodes.
Communication Is Key
The Administrators aim
is to adopt a posture that will
enable it to retain the con-
fidence of the Negro masses
and to contend successfully
with the extremists. The At
torney General is convinced
that a maintenance of COM
munications is the key to
the situation and that the
Government must harden its
position in order to enable
responsible Negro leaders to
cooperate with Government
officials without being re-
jected by the people.
A stiffening position re-
quires a legislative proposal,
even though it seems certain
to play havoc with the rest Of
the program. The proposal
would require the admission
of all races into public facili-
ties such as movie theaters,
hotels and motels. Initial
consultations with some
owners Of such places have
encouraged q - view that
these commercial interests
would be grateful to have the
matter settled by an act of
Congress and to avoid the
squeeze between community
prejudices and Negro demon
strations. 1t is not clear yet
how Congress will react, but
the chances Of passing such
a bill would seem to be good.
The administration has not
decided whether to go further
with a second bill that would
oblige all school districts to
prepare plans for desegrega-
ton and provide means,
through Federal grants for
remedial tuition, Of preparing
backward Negro students for
integrated classes.
The Attorney General has
noted that more than so dis
tricts were deSegregated last
September without violence,
but the Negroes reply that
less than one per cent of their
Southern Negro students
have been affected. The Su-
preme Court voiced mount
ing impatience with the pace
of desegregation on Monday,
and the array Of support for
a school proposal is impress
Sive.
The President must find a
new balance point between
the pressures and the reali-
ties-the old one has been
lost in the Negro surge.
Copyriaht IaRa
Evening star., 1963-05-30
Primary for Montgomery School Board Opposed

One OF the most cherished
rights OF a free citizenry is
that guaranteed by the First
Amendment. THE right Of
the people to petition the
Government for a redress Of
grievances"
House Bill No. $50, provid-
ing for a school board primary
in Montgomery County, was
enacted by the Maryland
General Assembly over the
indicated opposition OF county
civic organizations which re-
quested but we're denied, an
opportunity TO be heard.
The Montgomery County
Council Of PTAs represent
ing $4,000 members and 1872
locals) opposed this legisla-
tion. II was also opposed by
the four branches OF the
American Association OF
University Women in Mont
gomery County. the Mont
gomery County Civic Fedora
ton and the Allied Civic
Group.
These groups asked the
Legislature 10 appoint a COM
mission 10 study this matter
before the legislation was en-
acted. This request also was
denied.
Because the citizens were
not given an opportunity 10
be heard and the combined
opposition OF tens OF thou
sands OF voters In various
civic groups was disregarded,
the McCPTA s petitioning
for q referendum so that the
voters can express their
views on this important leg
islation.
There are many reasons
why this bill is undesirable.
No candidate for the pri-
mary election Is permitted 10
withdraw within 65 days OF
the primary. In addition,
after the primary election.
six months elapse before the
general election. II either
candidate selected in the
Evening star., 1963-05-30

A bowl Of soup" could be
the symbol, just as the riots
and demonstrations have
been the stimuli, of the Fed
eral Governments new STRAIT
egy on the race issue, which
may approximate the Su-
preme Court decision Of 1854
in its social and political
impact.
The wave Of Negro impa-
tience which swelled from
the agitation in Birmingham
for service at the lunch
counters has persuaded the
President and the Attorney
General, along with most of
those who have been closely
involved in the problem of
race relations, that a sharp
move forward is necessary
now to contain the pressures.
The working philosophy of
the Kennedy administration,
since its Inauguration, has
been to encourage progress
toward racial equality at a
pace that seemed consonant
with the broad interests of
the Nation. It has been a
delicate policy of alternate
thrusts and restraints. a con-
tinuing search for balance
between the realities in the
South and the objective Of
progress toward constitution
al equality. The rule Of
thumb has been to keep the
most militant forces one step
short of revolt.
A satisfaction existed until
recently that the policy was
working. The President and
his brother were repeatedly
attacked from both extremes
and they learned early, from
the Alabama Freedom Rides
of 1861, that the momentum
Of the equality movement did
not lend itself to their con-
troll. But the polls and pri-
vate expressions Of the mod
crate Negro leaders sup
ported a belief that they were
meeting the responsible de-
mands Of the situation.
Hopeful Cohesion
Mr.. Kennedy persistently
refused to propose dramatic
legislation, like the Truman
civil rights program of l948,
which would serve the pur-
pose of asserting a trenchant
viewpoint without holding a
chance of passage. He did
not want to muddy the legis-
lative waters, and his re-
straint enabled his aides to
attract the Southern dissi-
dents in Congress slowly
back into a cohesive majority.
This cohesion, currently de-
scribed as the greatest degree
of unity among congress
sional Democrats since 1886,
has prompted hopes that a
substantial portion of the
Presidents program may be
passed in the coming months.
But the Negro unrest that
became visible with the events
in Birmingham has con-
vinced many that the past
policies are out of date and
that the Negroes will no
longer accept registration and
and voting rights as a neces-