davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1963-01-26

the only residents Of Alabama
listed rs among the signers Of
the advertisement - were held
liable although they had not
authorized the use Of their
names. This liability was pre-
dictated, according to the Ala
bama court, on the ground that
they had ratified" the publ
cation Of the advertisement.
The advertisement charged
that Southern Negro students
were being met by a wave Of
terror, that DR.. Kings home
had been bombed, that he had
been assaulted and harassed by
police and had now been charg-
ed with perjury.
Historic Nature of Times
Case Discussed
In his analysis Of the case,
Mr.. Polier wrote that the suit
against The Times presents
squarely for the first time for
decision by the United States
Supreme Court the question Of
what limitations upon the law
of libel are imposed by the First
and Fourteenth Amendments"
Asserting that the Alabama
Supreme Court has brushed
aside" the constitutional issues
involved in the libel suit, Mr..
Polier declared that "the extent
to which constitutional restric-
tions are applicable to an award
Of damages for libel is as vet
unsettled"
Because of the Importance of
this constitutional question, he
noted, the U. s. Supreme Court
has granted each side four full
hours to present its case during
oral argument which will pro-
baby take place next fall.
The American Jewish Con-
gress leader said that since a
constitutional right was in
volved - in this case, the right
of freedom of the press - in
the libel suit against The Times,
"the ultimate determination
must be made by the Supreme
Court as to whether the adver-
tisement could reasonably be
found by implication to charge
Commissioner Sullivan with
wrongdoing and that it did so
in such a way as to injure or
jeopardize his reputation in a
way that forfeits the constitu-
tional protection of freedom of
the press"
Predicts High Court Will
Reverse Alabama
Judgement
Mr.. Polier predicted that the
Supreme Court would reverse
the Alabama ruling con the
ground that in substance the
award of damages was nothing
more than an attempt to re-
press freedom of speech, and
that the magnitude of the pun
ishment imposed shows that
there was no rational relation
ship between the alleged offense
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
PRECARIOUS PARTNERS
Brazil Gripped by Chaos

pact on vital economic expan-
sion is only now understood.
Thanks to fiscal Irresponsible
ity and a series of official dis
couragementS, private foreign
investment has dropped to al
most nothing. In 1861. such in
vestment was running at 500
million a year. In 1862 it was
already down to $22 million
The economic growth rate OF
rs per cent in 1961-the high
est in Latin America-today
has fallen to the point where ii
lags behind a terrifying popula-
ton explosion.
But despite these statistics,
most observers believe the basic
problem in Brazil is political
rather than economic. The
country has rapidly developed
its natural resources, human
know-how, and modern in
dustrial base to launch into the
goth century.
But political leaders still live
in another age. They attack
national problems with all the
primitive passion of feudal bar
onS protecting their fiefdoms.
President Goulart is conSid-
See LATIN, Page Ais
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
is PARTNERS
Lost Of Five Articles

Lost Of Five Articles
1t comes out in a growing rash
Of strikes rejecting the grow
ing restleSSneSs of workers over
their deterioriating lot.
President Goulart himself
admits that the cost of living
this year has risen 100 per
cent. THE initiation threatens
to devour u.s." he said in a re-
cent interview printed in a
Brazilian magazine. He fore
cast a treasury deficit for the
year of $50 billion cruzieroS
(almost $500 million at the Of
fetal exchange rate.)
No one seems quite sure how
the government can finance
the annual 18th month"
bonus equal to one months full
wages, paid workers every De-
cember-except to print still
more currency. For his part,
the President Is now backing a
demand that the unions negoti-
ate wage boosts every six
months to keep up with infla-
ton, instead of at the current
yearly intervals.
Initiation is no new phenome-
non. 1t has been virtually un-
checked for years. But its i'm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
A VICTORIAN PIECE
Tiny Taft Elevator
Token From Capitol

The elevator was just inside
an east entrance to the Capt.
toll. 1t ran only one floor, to
what was then the office OF
the Supreme Court clerk, ad-
jacent to the old Supreme
Court chamber in the Capitol
Mr.. Taft left the court in
1880, but the elevator con-
tinued to be used by justices
until the new Supreme Court
building east of the Capitol
was opened in 1885.
The elevator had other his
torical roles, too. It often was
used by Presidents-elect COM
ing to the Capitol on Inaugu-
ration Day.
They rode it up to the Sec
ond floor and waited in the
former court clerks office un-
til time to go through the
Rotunda and out onto the plat
form built in front of the east
side of the Capitol.
John F. Kennedy, in 1861
was the last to take this ride
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
Senator Aided Gambler
In Dominican Dispute

He didn't want his property
confiscated and I interceded."
Senator Johnston has been
in the Senate since 1945. He is
chairman of the Post Office
and Civil Service Committee.
The Senator said 1t wasn't a
question of supporting gam
bling but was a question in
volving an Americans proper
ty. He said he had no financial
interest in Mr.. Aliens opera
tons.
Mr.. Allen, who Is a resident
of Miami, also operates a
travelling carnival called THE
World of Mirth," according to
a Johnston aide.
The Senator said he got to
know" Mr.. Allen when Mr.. Al
len was operating an amuse-
ment park at the fairgrounds
in Columbia, S. c. Mr.. Johns
ton was governor at that time
A corporation in which Mr.
Allen had an interest signed a
contract to operate a gambling
concession in the Dominican
Republic in 1860 while Rafael
Trujillo was dictator.
After Gen. Trujillo was as
SaSSinated on May 80, 1861, the
new regime was headed by Mr.,
Balaguer and the slain dicta-
See DOMINICAN, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
BY PAUL HOPE
Star staff Writer

Senator Johnston, Democrat
of South Carolina, interceded
with Dominican Republic Of
ficals and the State Depart
ment to try to protect a friend
from being shut out of a gam
bling concession in the Carib-
bean country.
The Senator said yesterday
he wrote letters in 1861 to for
mer Dominican President Joa-
quin Balaguer in behalf of Ber-
nard Allen, who operated a slot
machine and pinball concession
he had spent 100000 to estab-
lish.
Senator JohnSton'S interven.
ton apparently helped save the
concession for Mr.. Allen unit
the Balaguer government wa'
ousted in January, 1862.
After that Mr.. Allen hac
troubles with the new regime
and an aide in Senator Johns
tons office said the Senator
contacted the State Depart.
ment about it early this year.
Senator Johnston said hi
has known Mr.. Allen for Is OF
80 years.
Just like I would for any
American, I wrote a letter fol
him." said Senator Johnston
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19

thousands of West Berliners.
The demand for permits to
enter East Berlin increased to-
day. More than 22,50O appli-
cants were in line two hours
before the permit offices
opened. Only 4,100 were watt
ing at the same time yesterday,
Com m unist officials APP
peared to be doing their utmost
to avoid traffic jams at the
five crossing points in the wall,
which was built % months age
to prevent the escape of East
Germans and to isolate West
Berlin.
The Reds felt large lineups
at the wall might lead to trou-
BILE.
The East Germans knocked
an additional door-sized hole
into the concrete barrier at the
pedestrian crossing at Ober-
baumbruecke. They also en-
larged the vehicle crossing in
the Neukoelln district by re-
moving several concrete slabs.
The Communist regime took
the unusual step of assigning
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
First BerIiners Cross Wall
On Passes for Holiday Visit

BERLIN, Dec. 10 (AP).-
The first West Berliners
crossed through the wall to-
day with newly issued Com
munist passes to meet rela-
tives in East Berlin for the
first time in more than two
years.
Official West Berlin police
reports said six persons, three
adults and three children
crossed in the early afternoon
A police guard at one crossing
point said % persons crossed
The fact that persons were
already crossing today came
as a surprise, since officially
no passes issued today were to
have been valid until 5 am,
tomorrow.
IL appeared that East Ger
man officials handling the ap-
plications had made a number
of errors on dates and these
had not been noticed when the
permits we're approved.
East German border guards
completed enlargement of two
crossing points in the wall
today to speed the passage OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
BY GEORGE SHERMAN
By a Star Staff Writer

Brazil, the Goliath of Latin
America, is a country wrapped
in dangerous uncertainty.
Even BrazilianS are begin
ming to admit that their aspi-
rations to lead the southern
continent are being lost in a
quagmire of economic and polit-
ical chaos.
In the tropical Splendor OF
Rio de Janeiro, or along the
busy streets of industrial Sac
Paulo. the visitor easily misses
the signs of nagging uncertain
ty.
The beaches of Copacabana
are as full as always this sum-
mer season, the lavish hotels
are packed and the new SUI
perhighways along the bay to
the central city are damned
with racing automobiles.
In central Sac Paulo to the
south, new sky scrapers are
competing with their elders.
But the uncertainty is none
theless there. 1t comes out in
the frenetic shopping spree Of
a nation which lives on credit
because it no longer sees either
the need or possibility to save
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
BY the Associated Press

The Capitol's tiniest elevator,
a relic Of Victorian design often
called the William Howard
Taft elevator, is no more.
It fell victim to moderniza-
ton of the Capitol which has
seen many new elevators in
stalled in recent years. Work
men have just completed its
removal.
Legend had it that the eleva-
tor was installed for the con-
venience Of Mr.. Taft when he
became Chief Justice of the
United States in 1921, but rec
ords in the office of the Archi-
tect of the Capitol show that
it actually was installed in
1894.
Veteran capitol aides say Mr.
Taft delighted in the elevator
and used it every day he came
to the building on court bust
ness. They say the portly for
mer President and an operator
completely filled the car.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
Pay Rise Voted
District Workers

The District Commissioners
voted today to give the city
governments blue collar work.
ers a pay increase which will
cost approximately $400, 900 for
the remainder of this fiscal
year and 100000 for next
fiscal year.
The average wage increase
for the District 6,346 blue
collar workers would be about
6 cents an hour, according to
Henry Hubbard, District per-
sonnet officer. The increases
will go into effect January S.
The pay boost is aimed at
meeting wages paid other blue
collar workers in the Washing
ton area as determined by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Those who will receive the
higher wages include garbage
collectors, carpenters, painters
and laundry workers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
Georgia Bank HoIdup
Nets Bundits $50, 900

AUGUSTA, Ga, Dec. 10
(AP).-Two masked men with
a sawed-off shotgun robbed a
branch bank of an estimated
$4,000 today while an FBI
agent watched and two hidden
movie cameras recorded the
scene.
The agent, in the bank to
make a deposit, ran out after
the bandits and, witnesses said,
shots were fired. Apparently,
however. nobody was hit, and
the robbers soon abandoned a
stolen car they had used in the
holdup.
The branch bank was that of
the Georgia Railroad Bank &
Trust Co. at the Daniel Village
Shopping Center.
Film from the movie cameras
secreted in the bank was sent
to a laboratory for develop
ment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19

the tax bill is passed. Every
month it is delayed. he added,
costs the economy about a
half-billion dollars.
I'VE are very hopeful that
we can help solve this poverty
question and create additional
incentives for the private en-
terpriSe system, and particular
ly our businessmen and our
workers, by the early passage
of the tax BILL" Mr.. Johnson
declared.
The President said he was
unable to say at this time what
next years budget will be. But
he said it will represent an in
crease over the current budget,
which is about 1888 billion.
Cites Population Rise
Mr.. johnson said there has
been a 21-per-cent increase in
population since the Truman
administration and then drew
a parallel between the Govern
ment spending and the head Of
a household.
THE father that adds two OF
three extra children to his
home and takes in a few of his
nieces and nephews has to ex.
pect an increase in the fooc
BILL" the President said. "WheI
we have an increase in popula
ton, we are going to have al
increase in the budget"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19

mostly officers to the work. APP
parently they can be more re-
lied upon not to make a break
for the West.
Under the agreement be-
tween the East German regime
and the West Berlin admins
tration Of Mayor Willy Brandt,
an estimated 800, 900 West Ber-
liners will be allowed to visit
close relatives on the other side
of the wall on one-day passes
until January S.
The Communists have re-
fused to admit most West Ber-
liners to East Berlin since the
wall was started in August,
1851. The restriction has not
applied to allied military per-
sonnet and non-German civil
ians.
Long lines of West Berliners
waited throughout yesterday
outside the IL offices where APP
plications for crossing permits
were received. Some COM
planned angrily when the Off
ces closed at 6 pm. with appli-
cants still waiting in the cold.
Extra police were called to
disperse those who refused to
leave.
About $4,000 applications
were turned over to East Ger
man authorities for their ap-
proval yesterday. Under the ar
rangement, visitors were re-
quired to leave East Berlin by
midnight.
East Berliners welcomed the
prospect of reunions with their
relatives although they them
selves will not be allowed to
visit West Berlin. On East Ber-
Inns FriedrichStrasSe, crowds
besieged the state-run depart
ment stores to make Christmas
purchases.
The spirit also seemed to in
feet the East German border
guards whose job normally is
to prevent border crossings.
It'll be hectic all right" said
a guard with a Submachine
gun slung over his shoulder,
but it will be worth the extra
work."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
NewAid Fund Cuts
Rejected bySenate
In First lest Votes
Johnson Wins
Opening Rounds
In Floor Fight
By ]. A. OTEARY
Star Staff Writer

The administration today
defeated three attempts in the
Senate to cut the s3.3 billion
foreign aid appropriation.
The decisive margin was
about the same on all three
votes and encouraged Demo-
cratic leaders to hope that they
could pass the bill without
substantial change this eve
ming.
In rapid succession, the
Senate:
Rejected two attempts to
reduce the $3.50 million for
supporting assistance to coun-
tries which help maintin-
mutual defense forces.
Rejected a third move to
chop 5000 million from the
$500 million for development
loans to underdevolped coun-
tries.
Morse Beaten
Senator Morse, Democrat of
Oregon. was beaten, SIS to % on
a motion to knock $50 million
from supporting assistance.
Senator Ellender, Democrat Of
Louisiana, also lost on a small
Ter cut of $50 million.
The Senate then voted 81 to
80 against another Ellender
motion to cut the Development
Loan Fund.
Senator Pastore, Democrat Of
Rhode Island, In charge of the
bill, made these votes q test for
President johnson by reading
his letter against further re-
auctions to the Senate yester-
day.
Supporting assistance is used
to help friendly governments
maintain armies In defense Of
the free world. Senator Pas
tore, Democrat of Rhode Is
land, said most of the money
goes to Wet Nam, South Korea,
the Congo, and Jordan.
The opposition continued the
fight against this item, how
ever, with Senator Ellender,
Democrat of Louisiana, moving
to cut only $50 million. This
also was defeated, So to "a.
Early Passage Seen
Although Senator Morse lost
a preliminary skirmish last
night by vote of so to %, that
was not regarded as a real test
because he was trying to knock
out a $50 million allotment for
the Inter-American Develop
ment Bank. This cannot be
used, even if it stays in the bill,
until Congress passed an en-
abling act in January.
Senate leaders hope to pass
the foreign aid bill this after
noon and wind up this long
session of Congress by tomor-
row night.
Sixteen Republicans joined
80 Democrats in voting to
sustain the supporting assis-
lance fund, while 18 Demo-
Gratis, mostly from the South
voted with 10 Republicans for
the Morse amendment. Before
the vote, Senator Morse called
See CONGRESS, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
British Aid ThuiIund

LONDON. Dec. 10 (AP)-
The Foreign Office says Britain
will help Thailand build a new
airfield as part of that coun-
try's program to improve its
military supply lines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
Wide Attack on Poverty
Is Planned by Johnson
Program Keyed to Low Income Groups;
President Luuds Production Gain
By CECIL HOLLAND
star staff Writer

broad attack poverty appeared today of the
programs President Johnson will recommend to Congress
next year.
Both the President and Agricultural Secretary Freeman
indicated this at the White House yesterday.
The President said he would submit specific legislation de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19

allowed to pass but were
blocked by police at the en-
baSsy entrance.
Ambassador j. B. Elliott'S
secretary said over the tele-
phone that approaches to the
embassy were closed in order
to permit repairs to doors and
locks that were broken during
the demonstration yesterday.
When they are repaired, she
said, the embassy will reopen
Outside doors, however, seemed
unchanged.
Students demonstrated yes
terday over a report that a
Ghanaian student had been
killed by a Russian trying to
prevent his marrying a Russian
girl.
Vyacheslav Yelutin, the So
Wet Minister of Higher Educa-
ton, told the students at a
meeting yesterday the dead
student, Asare Aldo, 20, was
found apparently frozen to
death last Friday in q field
outside Moscow. The Soviet
news agency TaSS reported last
night that an autopsy indicated
he had been drinking.
Found Frozen to Death
The angry African students
surged into Red Square yester-
day. almost under the windows
of Premier Khrushchev's Krem-
lin office. They scuffled with
police and swept past a bar
rier of trucks and cars.
The invasion of Red Square,
Moscow'S showplace for state
functions, occurred after the
students gathered in front of
the Ghanaian Embassy to pro-
test the students death. They
insisted he had been stabbed
by a Russian.
Despite pleas by officials of
the Ghanaian Embassy to heed
police warnings against carry
ing their protest to the Krem-
lin, the students marched
through Moscow and into Red
Square to the amazement of
Soviet citizenry. It was the
first antigovernment demon
stration in Red Square in years.
Kremlin guards shut the
gates of communism's citadel
to prevent the students from
storming in. Police finally
cleared the square by late
afternoon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
zOnings Voted
ByLameDuck
Fairfax Board
Bitter Exchanges,
Threats of Suits
Mark Long Session
By CAROL GREFEE
Star staff Writer

Four members Of the lame
duck Fairfax Board Of County
Supervisors bowed out Of office
at 4:30 am. today with bitter
words and the threat of a law
suit against them by Anne A.
wilkins ringing in their ears.
Hours Of legal wrangling
were touched off when the
board voted to consider sew
eral controversial rezoning APP
plications that had been held
up for two to three weeks be-
cause of tie votes.
Besides approving four re-
zonings that had been held up
on tie votes and deferring an
other, the board considered and
approved IA other coming re-
quests it never had taken up
before.
Mrs. wilkins contended that
State law prohibits the board
from considering questions on
which previous tie votes had
resulted until the next regular
meeting at which all seven
board members are present.
6 Members Attend
Only six members attended
the final meeting of 1868 which
began at 10 am. yesterday and
ended at 1880 am. today-an
hour short of the boards rec
ord. Supervisor Adelard l..
Brault, who did not seek re-
election in the Providence dis
trict, was home with a cold.
Other retiring members Of
the board, in addition to Mrs.
wilkins, are Chairman A. Clai-
borne Leigh, William H. Moss
and Robert C. Gotten.
Mr.. Leigh insisted that Mrs.
Wilkins was wrong, stating
that in his opinion the State
law never was intended ito
Illustrate the board in its own
work."
This is the end Of political
careers for some of u.s." Mr..
Moss told his colleagues, "and
we have an obligation to COM
plete the business that Is be-
fore this board"
Suits Predicted
He said that at Tuesdays
special meeting Mrs. wilkins
and MIR. Brault had taken
turns leaving the room to pre-
vent action on these rezonings
previously held up by tie votes.
AS the board began con-
sideration Of rezoning "a acres
for apartments asked by A.
Frank Krause near Fairfax
circle, Mrs. Wilkins told her
colleagues in a voice trem-
bling with anger, 81 can under
stand why the people of Fair
fax County wanted to change
this board. and I'm just sorry
I had to go down with you"
The Krause application seeks
See FAIRFAX, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
Moscow Bars Students
From Ghono Embassy

MOSCOW, Dec. 10 (AP).-
Soviet police sealed off ap-
proaches to the Ghanaian En-
basSy today in the wake Of yes
terday'S demonstration by 500
Ghanaian and other African
students.
Half a dozen African students
and about 100 curious Russians
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
BAKE COOKIES
FOR CHRISTMAS

FOR PARTIES, essnos oeeom-
poniment and gifts with o personal
touch, nothing fills the biII-or the
stomoeh-Iike homemade Christmas
cookies. Food Editor Violet FouIk-
ner gives recipes Of some Of the
foVOrites. on Pose c-l.
Hove The Stor Delivered
Dolly and Sunday
Phone Lincoln 5000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
House Delays Action

The Senate's action raised
the possibility that the House
might go ahead and act on
the bill in the next day or
two. But House leaders de-
cided his-morning to wait UNI
til after the holiday recess, as
they had decided yesterday.
The House Rules Committee
granted an open rule and a
2-hour limit on debate on the
bill yesterday-on the I'M
derstanding that it would not
come to the floor until next
month.
Complaining prospects for
the bill is the fact that the
Senate version differs slightly
from the House version. The
House bill would make the John
F. Kennedy Center for the
Performing Arts the sole me-
mortal to Mr.. Kennedy in the
District. The Senate version
See CENTER, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-19
Senate Speeds
CuItureCenfer
SIS Million Voted
Kennedy Memorial
By ORR KELLY
star staff writer

In q completely unexpected
action. the Senate voted APP
proval last night Of a bill to
name the National Cultural
Center for President Kennedy
and put up SIS million in Fed
eral matching funds for its
construction.
The Senate action came
shortly before the Senate ad-
journed for the night at Gal
pm. Only half a dozen SEN
ators were on the floor and the
whole thing took only about
ga minutes.
Supporters of the bill had
expected that the Senate would
wait until the House had acted
and it was revealed early
yesterday that the House did
not intend to vote on the bill
until January.