davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-09

The greatest difficulty about
assessing the economic achieve
sInents Of the Soviet Union is that
ITS spokesman try absurdly to ex-
aggerate them; in consequence,
the visitor may tend badly to
Amderstate them, as soon as he
discovers how drearily character
lstic Of q very poor society the
standard Of many (perhaps mosD
nj the consumer goods available
still is. This is not hard to dis
cover, since the Westerner has
only to stand unattended on a
street corner to be approached by
sbiznesmen" from the thriving
black market. seeking to buy all
: lbs personal equipment, ranging
In one case down to our socks.
q We worried our generous hosts
: bv constantly seeking to escape
from the tender clutch Of their
/ prepared itinerary in order to
make more scientific inquiries
than this; the soothing balm that
we must now proffer is that when
We did so, our second impressions
were generally more favourable
than the first surface Impressions
which we would otherwise have
felt obliged to report.
Your correspondent final as
eessment was that although the
Communist system has not
brought as big an advance In con-
Sumption standards for the Soviet
people as it or any other sensible
Eystem could have done, the stage
OF eventual breakthrough to o
tolerably affuent urban society
with which the West might find 1t
cosier to live-could be near. But,
first, to our rough statistical re-
searches on the state of living
standards now.
The Secret Figure
: Right across the Soviet Union
we played q nagging detective
game to find out what the average
earnings Of an industrial worker
Are. In Moscow and Leningrad we
were told frankly that although
eVr informants knew this figure
Ithey have to, because the wage
fund plays q central part in
Marxist planning and theory, the
authorities nowadays did not pub
lish 1t or any other really relevant
wage figures. on the ground that
all averages are misleading; in
fact, Of course, they do not pub
fish it because it is still so low.
We therefore had to resort to
asking about average wage and
salary earnings at various estab-
lishments we visited (where we
were given frank answers and
also simply by asking casually en-
eountered people what they
earned. The picture emerging from
these inquiries, and from stats
teal driblets from the past, was
then triumphantly confirmed in
one Of the southern republics
where two separate groups of gov
eminent and academic economists
told US directly what the present
local and all-union averages we're:
one Of them said that the exact
figure for the wage fund was
surely published in official sta
tistical handbooks, and was gen.
timely surprised when found that
itnow was not.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Big space break-through: The way Russia is buying
wheat from the West appears they've invented solid
fuel booster that burns nothing but old flour sacks
The $795 book "JFK. the Man and the Myth" is fairly
priced You not get much for your cents but for
your seven bucks you get a lot Of myth.
People will cross the ocean in only two hours in the
spersonc airner That's sending body across almost as
fast as the foreign aid people can send a loan.
How does Senator Goldwater refrain from calling the
supporters Of his chief rival Rockefeller travelers7
The Mount Palomar telescope photographs a heavenly
explosion that occurred 10 million years ago But you can't
see it yet The picture has to bit before TV will show
it on the old movie series.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
MAX FREEDMAN
Control of G. O.P. Seen at Stake

party unity. Mr.. Nixon did
best in those Western and
Mountain States where
Goldwater's strength is most
impressive. (In 1860 the ra-
cial explosion in the South
had not yet aroused the in
tensely emotional feelings so
prevalent today The Gold
water people are saying that
they worked for Mr.. Eisen-
hover and Mr.. Nixon because
they preferred them to Mr..
Stevenson and Mr.. Kennedy.
Are they not entitled. they
ask, to the same kind of CO.
operation and unity against
Mr.. Kennedy and the Demo-
Gratis?
This clearly is a powerful
argument. 1t can be ignored
by Republicans only at the
risk Of creating new divisions
in their party. What will
happen If many Republicans
give Goldwater only nominal
or grudging support, or re-
fuse to vote at all, or in the
end vote reluctantly for Mr..
Kennedy? The quarrel inside
the Republican Party will
then be even more severe
than it would be If the Gold
water people captured con-
troll Of the organization. This
Is the argume emit used by
Goldwater's followers when
the discussion moves from
the popularity Of the candi-
dates to the future Of the
Republican Party.
BY the accidental dates Of
the primaries, the Republi-
cans Of New Hampshire are
forced to consider these po-
litical matters ahead Of the
rest of the Nation. Next
summer the Republican
nomination may we'll go
neither to GolGwater nor to
Rockefeller. But If it should
come to Goldwater, and New
Hampshire is any guide to
national thinking, then Mr..
Kenn e dy should take note
that Goldwater would not be
leading a divided and dispir-
TIED Republican Party In the
presidential campaign.
Q 1858
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02

q Joint moon project is more
credible than it would seem
TO be at first glance.
If the project were joint, in
any practical sense, an ap-
proXimate date could be
agreed on to go to the moon
and this would remove the
crash" nature of the pro-
gram and undoubtedly lower
its cost. Otherwise, this cost
may prove to be unbearably
heavy in the Presidents Sec
ond term.
The space program must
also be considered in the con-
text Of rising defense costs.
These costs may rise IN the
Presidents second term
beyond any present calcula-
tons. 1t is for this reason
that the President must al
ways give some thought to
pulling back from Europe
and elsewhere a substantial
part Of the seven divisions
now stationed abroad. He
may continue to arrive at
negative conclusions on this,
but the atmosphere seems to
be changing somewhat. This
month the personnel Of a full
armored division-some 49,
900 men - will be airlifted
over a three-day period to
Germany for NATO maneu-
vers using tanks and other
heavy equipment already in
Germany.
II this maneuver is q sue
cess it may strengthen the
argument Of those who say
that it is no longer necessary
to garrison anywhere near
so many troops abroad. In
times Of crisis they can be
airlifted from the United
States and draw their equip
ment from established pools
abroad. Very large savings
affecting our balance of pay
ments might be made. but
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
RICHARD WILSON
Toward Balancing the Budget

when Europeans face the
actual prospect Of the with
drawal of United States
troops they get nervous. for
the erroneous implication al
ways can be drawn that we
really do not intend to risk
our own cities by defending
European cities.
In any case, this develop
ment as well as the new ap-
proach on the moon project,
suggest that the President Is
appalled,. as were Presidents
before him, over the growing
magnitude Of space and de-
Tense costs. 1t may be that a
tax cut and the steady, If
slow, expansion Of the econ
omy. will have the final re-
suit Of producing m u G.
larger Government revenues.
This would ease the Presi-
dents problem.
But costs have a way Of
matching increased revenues,
and the burdens of space and
national defense will con-
tinue to inhibit spending for
domestic Improvements.
The President is trying to
have a program for domestic
improvement. Some would
say that he is trying to do
too many things and there
fore gets little done. He can
point to some achievements
in this field. but the large
achievements still elude him.
They may continue to elude
him so long as space and de-
Tense costs have their para
lying effect on other ex-
penditureS.
Therefore the President
seems to be trying to bring
these big items under con-
troll. If he could do so. then
the way might be opened for
greater accomplishments in
his second term than in his
first. And this would be par
ticularly true IL the calmer
international a tmo sphere
should continue for several
years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
Presidents Moves Suggest He Eyes
Shifts in Policy to Aid u. S. Finances
RICHARD WILSON

It is in the nature Of the
Federal system that the Presi-
dent now must project his
plans and programs into his
second term without knowing
that he will surely serve it.
But there is no other way
for him to operate. He is now
considering expenditures on
a large scale which will be
made in the eight months
following the presidential
election Of 1864, and beyond.
Looked at externally, there
appear to be certain trends
Of an interesting nature, al
though whatever grand de-
sign the President may have
for the second term is his
secret.
What he is doing now
would tend to suggest that he
wishes to get Federal finances
more nearly in balance, and
that he is willing to make
some important changes in
policy to do so. One of these
changes is the moon project.
However many White House
officials may protest that
there is no change in policy
on going to the moon by 1870,
and beating the Russians
there. the facts seem to speak
otherwise.
The President has propos-
ed a joint Russo-American
project, and unless he was
merely doing so for propa-
ganda purposes, the chief ad-
vantage to the United States
would be sharing the cost, as
1t would be to the Russians.
There seems to be no scienti-
fic doubt on either side that
the project is feasible. The
cost Of it is the frightening
part. The cost runs into many
billions. The White House
gives the impression that
there have been prior consul
tations with the Russians and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
Robert Kennedy Talk AssuiIed

ter feeling and perhaps VI
olence7 Are they Coop
Grating" with the courts7
Some Of the lawyers on the
other side can. moreover, ask
these questions:
/. Is the demand for the
right Of q trial by jury Just
the raising Of O technicality
when the Governor Of q SOW
ereign State Is being charged
with contempt for trying to
test a court order? No case
like it has ever come before
the Supreme Court.
2. Isn't the Department Of
Justice availing itself Of q
technicality in its proposal to
justify interference with the
right Of owners Of public
accommodations" to choose
their own customers? Wasn't
this issue decided by the Su-
preme Court in 1888, and
why should circumventing
tactics be used now?
3. Is 1t right for the De-
partment Of Justice to tell
Congress it expects" the Su-
preme Court to rule in its ia
vor7 Is this a proper state
ment to make. and does 1t
mean that Justices will be
nominated hereafter who
conform to the administra-
tons expectations"
The records over the years
show that the lawyers for
Negro organizations didn't
mind defending their clients
who had disregarded the
law of the case" or the law
Of the land" again and
again. Mr. Kennedy said this
was because they expected a
reversal In the deSegregation
cases. He described 1t as "a
decision that the vast major
ity Of the American public
holds to be morally correct"
But can q system Of law and
q written Constitution be eff
fective If the Supreme Court
rewrites the laws an d
amends the Constitution?
This is the true weakness to-
day.
If public opinion alone,
moreover, Is to be the guild
ing influence, then maybe q
system Of elected judges or
appointments for q fixed
tenure-so that the High
Court judges could perhaps
be changed with each adj
ministration - would re-
fleet the wishes Of the vast
majority" as to what Is
IN orally" II not constitu-
tionally, correct.
% 1883, NY. Herald Tribune, Inc)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
MANCHESTER. N. II.

Most Of the Republican
leaders here make no secret
Of their allegiance to Senator
Goldwater. In fact they are
already looking beyond the
primary next March to the
national convention. They
think Gov. Rockefeller's visit
to New Hampshire In the lat
ter part Of october will do
little to change the political
currents in this State, now
running heavily in favor Of
Goldwater.
The most surprising devel-
opment Of recent weeks is
the new argument being used
by Rockefeller's followers.
With very little effort at
concealment, hey shrink
from the primary as q test Of
the personal popularity Of
the two candidates. If that
were the only issue, Goldwa-
ter would win easily. To pre-
vent this result the Rockefel-
Ter people are now saying
that the New Hampshire pri-
mary will have an important
influence in determining
whether the Republican Par
ty will be controlled by the
Goldwater people across the
country for 1864 and beyond.
They want the real issue to
be the fate of the Republican
organization rather than the
fate of any one candidate.
Even those Republicans
most opposed to Goldwater
never say that his nomina-
ton in 1854 would lead to q
crushing defeat. They rule
out the possibility of q repe-
tition Of the 1896 campaign,
when Roosevelt overwhelmed
Landon. If Goldwater's cam
paign were to produce a for
lorn and grotesque vote, then
there would be some COM
pelling logic, these Rockefel-
Ter supporters concede. in
giving the Sc tor his
chance next year. But the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
Press Tells Reds
Of Moon Proposal

MOSCOW, Oct. 2 (AP).-
Pravda today gave the Soviet
public its first news Of Presi-
dent Kennedy's proposal II
days ago for a joint United
States-Soviet moon exploration
effort.
The information appeared In
q reprint in Pravda of a recent
column by Walter Lippmann
praiSing Mr.. Kennedy's pro-
posal, made in a speech to the
United Nations General AS
Sembly.
Pravda, the Soviet Commu-
mist Party newspaper, made no
comment on the proposal. But
publication Of Mr.. Lippmann'S
favorable view appeared to in
dictate a measure of indorse-
ment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
Views on Law Seen Preventing Upset
In 1854 of Separate but EquoF Rule
DAVID LAWRENCE

Attorney General Kennedy
In q speech at Kansas City,
Mo, the other day gave some
advice to lawyers which, II 1t
had been followed prior to
1854, might never have
brought about q reversal by
the Supreme Court Of the
United States Of its decision
Of 1895 which had declared
separate but equal" facili-
ties to be constitutional in
dealing with the racial prob
lem.
Mr.. Kennedy told the Mis-
souri, Bar Association that,
while "it Is proper and Just
to avail oneself Of every legal
defense to test either the
validity or the applicability
Of q rule Of law" the princi-
pie Is today being used In
isolation. invoked in improp-
er contexts, espoused as alb
solutes and carried to ex-
tremes." He Endorsed in gen.
eral the legal propositions"
that "a court decision binds
only those persons who are q
party to 1t" and that "a
court-made rule Of law
should always be open to re-
examination, and Is suscepti-
bic to being overruled on q
subsequent occasion" But
today. he said, those same
principles are % cling pro-
claimed by lawyers and pub
lie officials as the justifica-
ton for tactics to obstruct
the enforcement Of laws and
court orders"
Mr.. Kennedy asserted that
ito seek reversal Of q judicial
ruling" is nowadays being
defended as merely Ito exer-
else ones constitutional
right" and that the argu-
ments for such a action are
being given "a gloss Of
responsibility" and "can even
take on the disguise Of a pa
triotic, high-minded dissent"
He added that 1t is q position
publicly espouSed today by
the governors Of two States,
by a past president Of the
American Bar Association,
and by q Federal district
Judge who recently overruled
the Brown decision Q95D on
grounds that its findings Of
fact we're erroneous.
But where does this leave
the lawyer who is asked TO
defend his client before the
bar Of tustice2 What would
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02

have happened II the lawyers
for the Negroes In those So
years between 1895 and 1854
had accepted the defeatist
doctrine that what had been
decided In the courts in one
set Of cases was final7 Mr..
Kennedy says q reversal Of
the 1895 decision had been
expected" some day but no
such reversal Of the 1854 rul-
ing is ever likely now. Who
can be q prophet In the field
Of legal technicalities and
judicial whims? For decades
many a lawyer in this coun-
try felt that the 1896 deci-
sion was Just as permanent
as Mr.. Kennedy today thinks
the 1854 decision will be.
Is it the function Of q law
yer to defend his client by
every legal method, or must
he accept q court precedent
as binding In all future cas-
es? Whether he likes 1t or
not, the lawyer feels he must
at least try to get q reversal
on the very same basis per-
haps that Mr.. Kennedy has
argued -that times may
change and that the justices
may see their errors Of the
past. Many school boards, for
example. are testing In the
courts today Just how far the
prayer decision Of the Su-
preme Court really applies.
Their lawyers evidently feel
that the recent ruling was
merely "the law Of the case. /"
What do we really mean,
as lawyers" asked the Attor-
ney General in his speech,
when we say that it is prop
er and constitutional to
avail oneself Of every legal
defense?" He answered that
1t doesn't mean using dila-
tory tactics" and requires
good faith" and "co-opera-
ton" with the courts.
But suppose Negro and
white lawyers over the dec
AIDES had advised their Ne
gro clients not to challenge
State laws and to show good
faith" rather than to test
and re-test segregation laws
Of various kinds. Would the
Negroes have ever secured q
reversal of the 1895 deciSion2
And what Of the Negro Or
CARNATIONS which openly ar
que now for street Demon
STATIONS which they know
will lead to friction and Bit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
Rockefeller Bockers Urging Avoidance
Of Popularity as New Hampshire Issue

evidence now suggests that
the Goldwater vote would be
too respectable for the con-
servative wing Of the Repub-
lican Party to be consigned
to q position Of SIN all in
fluence. On the contrary, the
conservative influence would
be strengthened even in de-
feat. After 1864, Goldwater
officials would be in charge
Of regional and State organi-
cations, with a powerful voice
in the selection Of various
Republican candidates an d
the formulation Of Republic
can principles. This prospect
would fling q long shadow
over American politics.
1t should be realized that
Goldwater's candidacy In no
way depends on W ealthy
Republicans In the Eastern
States for financial support.
His campaign could be amply
financed by his jealous sup
porters beginning with Ohio
and moving westward to CAL
ifornia. In point Of fact, once
the campaign began, many
Eastern Republicans, for per-
sonal and party considera-
tons, would find 1t impossi-
BILE to deny financial help to
the Goldwater campaign.
One argument Is already
being heard in New Hamp-
shire that will certainly be
heard with increasing frank
ness in Republican circles as
the national campaign takes
shape. 1t is an argum emit
based on the principle Of fair
play.
The Republicans are re-
calling that In recent cleo
tons the Fasteners had to
turn to the Westerners for
support. Mr.. Eisenhower vir-
tually had to negotiate a
treaty of mutual assistance
with Taft In the 1852 cam
paign. After the nomination
Of Mr.. Nixon in 1860, Senator
Goldwater led the appeal for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-02
News PurIey Off

President Kennedy will not
hold a news conference this
week. His last meeting with
newsmen was September u.
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19

In early and medieval Chris,
tian art colors had a mystic OF
symbolic meaning. Red indicated
passion. In its good sense it was
a symbol of divine energy ana
love and the creative power OF
the Holy Spirit; in its had sense
it was a sign of hate. In tha'
meaning it became an emblem
Of Satan.
Emerald green is often ~"
symbol of hope and growth IN
many Christian paintings.
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19

said that if the holly was brought
into the house in fair weather,
the wife would rule, but if the
weather was bad, the husband
would be master.
HOLLY was credited with many
magical and medical powers. 1t
was believed to cure toothaches,
Danish rickets, and even fOretell
70 girls the names of their future
husbands.
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19

piece of bright red coral will
keep its owners teeth in good
order, and there are people
everywhere who are sure that a
person owning a ruby will live
to a ripe old age.
Green was sacred color
among the ancient and medieval
Egyptians who wore it as a SYM
bel of hope and the JOY of spring.
The Muslims carried this symbol
ism throughout the Middle East,
and the faithful, on returning
from the pilgrimage to Mecca,
wear a green turban.
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19

Colors played an important
role in medieval magic and su-
perstition For example, the
famous philosophers store" :"
which the alchemiSts thought
would turn base metals into gold
and cure all diseases, was thought
to be colored red, according to
the Encyclopedia Americana.
Rcd was also a favorite curative
color in more recent supersti-
tions.
In lndonesia, the people think
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19
Holly Impcrfanf To
Christmas Legends

An old belief in England and
Germany was that there are "he"
2nd she" hollies-the "he" hOl-
lies with spined leaves the She
hCl,ies smooth-leaved. The va
rieties brought into the house at
Christmas supposedly showed
who would head the household
for the coming year - "he" or
she"
A variation on this custom
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19
GROWING HOLLY

A holly tree grows Is years
before it produces, but its life
may be as long as l25 years,
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19
Red und Green Traditional For Christmas

me additional cOlOrs OF the jcrcnt people the Col
season red and or the symbol
green Yet thcsc c,!,r have ,hs-r. IDEAS from time i'm
meant different things 20 di. ~-crl9rial
The Glacier reporter., 1963-12-19

" z g g e
Tabor City tribune., 1963-10-09
FAB Ne

2. Broadcast 500 pounds of
2-12-12 a few days before
seeding.
3. Seed your pasture when
you have a good season be-
tween now and October 20. Be
sure that the soil has good
moisture before you seed or
you may lose your seed.
4. Use poun0s o: certified
ladino clover seed per acre.
For hogs, you need no grass.
For cows, use only 3 pounds
of clover plus 10 pounds of
feScue.
Inoculate the clover seed
good. After the clover comes
up, if it starts turning pale or
yellow, reinoculate on a clou-
dy day when you feel sure
that it will rain shortly.
6. Be sure that you pack the
seed in the ground.
Two small beef cattle herds
have been added in the coun-
ty recently. Horace Mckee OF
Route 2, LoriS, South Carolina,