davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-06
By RICHARD CRITCHFIELD
Contributing Writer

NEW DELHI.-Everyone here
has been repeating so often the
phrase. India will never be the
same again." that, undeniable as
it is, one looks for a yardstick to
measure the change.
In abstract terms the political
change has been the complete
break with any future hopes Of
peaceful co-existence with Com
munist China and a final dissi-
patton of lingering hopes for
eventually recovering the dream
Of pan-Asian solidarity that flour
ished in the years after the Ban
dung conference. Internally. the
Chinese invasion has revived
Indian unity to where 1t was only
once before, in the last months
Of the independence struggle
against the British raj.
Economically, the change has
meant enforcing the kind Of
austerity India badly needs TO
speed up the tagging pace Of
economic development. especially
to meet the dual challenges Of an
exploding population and China's
faster rate Of growth.
The Indian people today are
going through much the same
kind Of awakening TO cold war
realities that the Americans ex-
perienced shortly after World War
II. The Chinese attack in Ladakh
and the North East Frontier
Agency has had much the effect
on Indian minds as did the Berlin
Blockade and Korean War on
American.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
BY GOKSIN SIPAHIOGLU
(As Told to PETER HAHN

NEW YORK.-Now that I'm
back from behind the sugar-cane
curtain, the past 40 days Of my
life seem impossible, with an al
most nightmarish quality. 1 am
the only Western journalist who
rode out the Cuba crisis on
Castro's home ground, and I'm
sick of the bearded brand of COM
munism just 80 miles away from
this country.
When my adventure began, on
october 26 in IStanbul, what was
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Broadening chOrter

Thus the U. N. Charter has been
broadened by Interpretation in the
Congo case. Its peace-and-secur-
ity provisions have been given
precedence over its projections for
national sovereignty.
Those who have regarded abso-
lutte sovereignty an anachronism
in the mid-20th century are not
disturbed. But others think the
U. N. may be growing too fast.
In London, Lord Beaverbrook's
Evening star., 1963-01-06
In the Honds Of God

Men must do what they can to
defeat the Chini enemy but the
future is in the hands of god,
Sukhdeo believes. 1T Is all the
play Of kismet and god will decide
the outcome. But he will not
desert us II we pray to him"
Separated by more than miles
from Sukhdeo's dusty town in Gen.
tral India is the immense ocean,
side mansion In Bombay's Santa
Cruz Of Dilip Kumar. India's No.
/ film star, who nets more than
100000 for every picture in
which he appears.
Now many times millionaire,
Dilip Kumar has amassed and
spent a fortune making the kind
Of four-hour sagas OF dancing,
comedy and melodrama that the
worlds third largest film industry
grinds out TO provide midas mil
lions with escape into a synthetic
world OF adventure and luxury.
Few who last saw him on the
screen trussed TO rampant atop
a Moghul fortress while thou
sands OF peasants begged for his
life and shouted. Hey. mahohut.
zindarbard" Oong live loveD
would probably recognize the tall,
quiet man in his forties with the
pale olive complexion and grey
ing hair.
He finishes a conference with
his writers and directors over q
new comedy with a sense Of frus-
tfation. (T'he script is In English
since II is the only common Ian
guage Of the Bengal producer.
Punjabi director and South In
dian writersJ
wen have TO rewrite the
script" Dilip Kumar says, staring
across Bombay'S Filmalaya
Studios garden. which smells OF
powder and greasepaint. Some
how what was funny is no longer
funny"
I'VE have been living too long in
Evening star., 1963-01-06

wrinkled from daily wear. But he
manages 10 maintain enough OF a
facade Of respectability 10 earn
the title Of "sahib' from the office
poems.
Shortly before the Chinese in
vaded. JOSH was being henpecked
by his shrill-voiced wife TO some
how produce the rupees 10 buy her
a new silk sari and the children
new toys for the Divali holidays.
II took quiet courage for JOSH
Evening star., 1963-01-06

open trucks, wearing civilian
clothes, and drive up and down the
seaside "avenidas" as If their
numbering vehicles were CONVEX
tibles.
Though they are not allowed to
mix with the population. they like
to smile and wave at pretty girls.
Shops, bars and movies are Off
limits to them-with one excep-
ton: They are allowed to visit
pharmacies, and do so with aston
ishing frequency. A Cuban coun-
ter girl at one Of these drugstores
explained: They come in and
buy pure alcohol. Then they cut
it with water or Just guzzle it
straight"
Evening star., 1963-01-06

the statistical center OF midas
comparatively small but influential
middle class.
out Of this he manages 10
budget enough 10 maintain
four-room apartment in the sub
urbs. clothe and feed his wife
and two children, pay his bus
fare. the family's medical expenses
and manage a weekend picnic or
visit 10 the movies. His starched
cuffs may be frayed and his suit
Evening star., 1963-01-06

to come home one evening and tell
his wife he had pledged 81 a
month Of his salary to the national
defense fund. Expecting a flood
Of abuse, he cushioned the an
nouncement by pledging to give up
smoking. There was no more talk
of saris or toys. His wife said
nothing but the next morning
when JOSH picked up his tattered
briefcase to leave for his office,
his wife silently slipped two of her
rings into his hand.
Then there are those so poor
they have little margin for giving
Sukhdeo Is such man. While the
Ram Joshis in India number in
millions, the SukhdeoS are almost
countless. They are brown
skinned. emaciated men who are
always in the background Of the
Indian scene, squatting on their
launches in little groups on city
pavements or smoking the hookah
pipe in dusty village squares.
Sukhdeo Is a sweeper. In India
this is not only an occupation
designation but the blanket label
of the lowest castes who do most
of the dirty work in Indian society.
Sukhdeo's name means god Of
happiness. But what an irony Of
fate" he exclaims. II sweat and
toll TO support my wife and six
children and my name is Sukhdeo.
Bah, cannot even scratch the
field Of happiness"
But he is seldom melancholy.
Like most Of India's very poor. his
poverty is consoled by a deep reli.
gious fatalism. To Sukhdeo. trans
migation is very real and existence
is an endless chain Of death and
rebirth. Only Altman or spirit sur
wives, says Sukhdeo. "Subatman.
sahib. All his life is one spirit.
The ants. the lizards. you, me,
trees. stones, subatman."
Evening star., 1963-01-06
After Yeors Of Voting

For years the brigadier was
assigned to instruct army schools,
or In protocol Jobs In the cities.
He felt his army career was over
and he was Just waiting until
he could retire and live in some
isolated Himalayan valley and
devote his time 10 reading and
shooting. Tall, straight and fair,
he could have easily been taken
for the Englishman he was but
by accident OF birth.
The war has changed all this.
In october. the brigadier was
sent 10 the northern frontier and
now works l6 hours a day, From
his letters. the change that the
war has meant 10 him Is evident:
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Firts Impression

The fourth species Of Russians
in Havana are truck drivers of the
Red army quartermaster corps.
Cuban cab drivers hate them with
a passion. The Russians seem to
enjoy speeding, or cutting in and
out of traffic. These (unprint-
able) have killed more Cubans
than Fidel," muttered one cab
driver.
I was very anxious TO meet a
member of the anti-Communist
underground.
My first contact with any resist
ance activity came when I re-
Evening star., 1963-01-06

cracked hand mirror, a bottle
Of aspirin and two changes of
clothes for Sukhdeo and his wife.
Once. he says. there were gold
and silver bangles. a bicycle and
a wind-up gramaphone with ten
records. but they were sold long
ago 10 pay for medicine.
Sukhdeo, on monthly earnings
Of $ll has nothing to spare for
the war effort. Filling our
stomachs two times a day is a
great problem for us people,
sahib. and If prices rise, only god
will help U.S."
Evening star., 1963-01-06

A Turkish newsman was the
only Western reporter in Cuba
who was not under arrest or
under police surveillance during
the period of the Cuban crisis.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Indions os individuals

India has 43e million people. a
staggering number. There is the
temptation 10 think Of them en-
masse as teeming millions or the
mobs seen on television screens
pushing against police cordons.
In fact, OF course, these great
masses are made up Of individuals,
each OF whom is fully capable OF
influencing his own and his ma
tion's destiny.
Perhaps in India, two months
after the Chinese attack and one
month after the unilateral cease
fire, the real measure Of change
can be found In the concrete terms
Of individual lives.
Take Ram JOSH, for instance, a
46-year-old clerk In a New Delhi
government office. Joshi's monthly
salary Of s62 puts him squarely In
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Russion Mode Boot

AS we approached the Cuban
coast, a RuSsian-built PIT boat
met us, delivering the pilot. When
we made port in Havana. we
were instructed to dock at Puerto
San Francisco, across the basin
from the Soviet military dock.
Another Turkish ship was an
chored nearby. Police and Gus
toms men came aboard, changing
our dollars for Cuban pesos at the
rate Of one to one. We were
issued landing permits and went
ashore.
This was my first impression Of
Havana.
The city was quiet. Long queues
were lined up in front of grocery
stores. Streamers with red pro-
paganda slogans were strung I'D
in every street. In parks, building
yards, even on the docks, men and
women were herded along by
military officers, going through
the motions of rifle drill. The
Cubans call these drill sessions
"CaStro's bluff"
Guards, ranging in age from IL
years to SIS, all armed with Czech
made subma chineguns, we're
lounging, reading, and sleeping in
front of public buildings. Windows
of all seaside apartments were
boarded up, except for small OPEN
ings through which the snouts of
machineguns could be seen. Anti
aircraft batteries were emplaced
all along the port and seaside
avenues Of the city.
While our ship awaited her turn
for the unloading of wheat (there
is only one grain elevator in
Havana, and it takes weeks the
Cuban crisis began to ease. U
Evening star., 1963-01-06

ahead seemed equally impossible,
but for different reasons: Soviet
missiles in Cuba and the blockade
against offensive weapons made
Cuba the hottest spot in the world.
A friend of mine owns two
freighters under charter to carry
wheat from Russia to Cuba. A
telephone call confirmed that one
of the ships, the SIS Bingul, was
due to stop for fuel at Grand
Bahama Island in two days.
He suggested that 1 get myself
seaman's papers and muster on
as a member of the crew. I know
that red tape in America is bad,
but you haven't seen anything
until you've tangled with Turkish
bureaucrats. And I still don't know
how I did 1t. But, barely six
hours after talking to my friend,
Goksin Sipahioglu, Sailor" was
aboard a Caribbean-bound jet to
catch up with his ship. I arrived
on Grand Bahama with only four
hours to spare before the vessel
left on the last leg of her journey
to Communist Cuba.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Home q Mud Hut

Sukhdeo's home Is q one-room
mud hut. Mats Of reed are stretch
ed over a dung-washed floor. on
dark mud walls he and his wife
have pasted glossy pictures OF
Hanuman, the monkey god Of
strength. and Ganesh, the ele-
phant-headed god OF wisdom.
Trademarks OF cloth mills. the
pictures have been peeled off
saris and Sheeting.
The inventory OF Sukhdeo's
possessions runs TO less than 40
items. including charcoal powder
for cleansing the teeth, an empty
rose water bottle with the
label torn off for decoration. a
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Irritating Our Allies

The United States Government,
by backing the U. N. has irritated
certain of its allies, notably Bri-
tain and France, but has won wide
gratitude from Africa and Asia.
Soviet embarrassment and frus-
tration over Washington's Congo
policy has been abundantly clear
here.
If, as now seems likely, the So
Wet Union has been denied an
opportunity to "befriend" the CEN
tral government and help it crush
Mr.. Tshombe, then even Britain
and France may eventually con-
cede the U. N. acted in their in
terest. A high French official said
here recently that Paris would "of
course" reverse its hostile view of
the Congo operation If that oper-
alton succeeded.
For better or worse, the o. N.
is growing teeth" Lord Beaver
brook may regard this as a "men-
ace," but many other see it as a
constructive step toward eventual
world order under law.
The overall balance sheet has
yet to be toted up. The U. N. be-
lieves it will come out with a mar
gin on the positive side.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
Knights of Labor
Organized In 1869

PHILADELPHIA Pa. - The Noble
Order of the Knights of Labor was
formed by Uriah Smith Stephens In
this city in 1869.
Stephens and other members of
garment cutters union saw the power
of their union gradually decline.
Stephens believed that it could regain
it's old standing by shielding the or
ganization and it's membership with
a veil of secrecy.
The purpose of the organization
was to 'screate healthy public opin-
ion on the subject of labor and
the justice of it's receiving full, just
share of the values or capital it has
created"
The Knights of Labor became the
leading labor organization of the
1905 and maintained its secrecy
from the intrusion of outsiders.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
Rare Cundor In the Senate


a
defender foreign aid
South Venam?
half billion (dolar aid South
is better and dubbed
of puppet than by the mnions of communism?
Do that in addition aid the
maintaining Americans
support
Mr. President the basis of the facts about
dcatorial completely
the opinion of the Senator
Vietnam worth the life
boy concerned shall
for further of South Vietnam
point that doing it almost alone, with token
and there from another
paid
what supporting in Judgment shocking
yannca regime in South Venam the of which,
will
That much of the
First do not have then
be kicked by his people, and will be lucky if do
AL GUARDIAN.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06

the Supreme Court to rule that Cali
fornia controls waters within bays or
inlets that have necks less than 10
miles wide, but that otherwise the
three-mile imit-from the mainland
strictly prevails.
Recently the Bureau of Land Man
agement got high bids of $12.8 mil
lion, for leases on its first tract Of
fered off California. Bids are pend
ing off Oregon and Washington.
Actually most of the nations
continental shelf out to 600 feet
depth, totalling a half-billion acres
or more, is largely unexplored. But
oil and gas under the Gulf of Mex
leo alone are estimated at one-third
of all our dryland reserves, and
worth $40 billions at least. More is
sure to be found. Exploration and
recovery methods also improve
yearly. Some day the bottom will
be laced by pipelines leading ashore
from automatic pumping stations,
and development centers under
domes.
The Bureau of Land Management
of the Department of Interior admin
sters this enormous demesne, plus a
nalf-billion dryland acres. Leases and
bids ON undersea reserves alone,
boosted BLM revenue from SIP mil
ion from this source in 1862, to $3.50
million in 1868, and 1852 million for
fiscal 1864.
Some of this, in the form of bo-
luses, won't be repeated, but it has
brought Interior Department receipts
20 about $3.50 million for each of
1868 and 1864, from $3.50 million in
1862. This is without reckoning the
5000 million in escrow. What splash
that tumbles in
Interior thus is currently collecting
wo-thirds of it's total cost of opera
ion, although much is earmarked for
ocal uses, and so can't be counted as
Treasury gain. But it's impressive
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
By FRANK SMALL

stolen as were the Indians who We're
trying to see some good in the white
invaders of their lands. The small
bands of Indians murdered by the
Brigade remain forever as blot on
our states history.
Tim thought that the statue should
be lighted at night to prevent further
vandalism. Someone thought it should
be electrified to shock anyone who
touched it.
The Legislature should think it
over whether they wish to continue
the liability of maintaining an at
tractive nuisance on the Capitol lawn.
The inscriptions around the base
are quotations from speeches by the
General and are classic in that no.
where else on earth is such flowery
verbage, so completely devoid of
thought, allowed to remain in bronze.
The plates have a higher value as
scrap metal.
Perhaps I'm too harsh about Vic
toria's mistake. Those people are all
gone. The dead take care of the dead.
Let's follow that axiom and while we
still have chance-care for the iv-
ing
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
$43,88O for Montana
WiIdIife Restoration

The Bureau of Sports Fisheries
and Wildlife, through the long es-
tablished federal aid for fish and
wildlife restoration programs, is AL
locating $43,88O to Montana for use
by the State Fish and Game Commits
sion in areas of economic distress.
Distribution is based on the number
of unemployed persons and the num-
Der of unemployment areas in each
state in relation to the Dotal for the
United States.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
From Page


100 individual stockholders in the
electric utilities, probably our most
vital industry and resource next to
waiter itself?"
Actual findings of the survey pro-
vide much interesting reading. They
showed, that among other facts:
"With two exceptions, the %
leading holders of power company
stocks are headquartered in the East.
Most are headquartered in New York
City; others are in nearby states. The
exceptions: one is Chicago concern,
the other, Kansas City, Mo-, firm.
t'What this means is that the
nations friendly, local private
power companies-sucha as the Mon
tana Power Company-are domi-
mated by financial interests far re-
moved, at least geographically,
from the areas they serve. Mon
tana Powers top security holders,
for instance, include six firms in
New York, two in Delaware and
one each in Boston and Kansas
City, Mo-"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06

Back in 1848, Queen Victoria par
doned the nine Irishmen sentenced to
hang because of the Incorporate re-
marks of one Thomas Francis
Meagher who promised the judge,
"My Lord, this is our first offense,
but not our last. If you will be easy
with us this once, we promise, on our
word as gentlemen, to try and do
better next time. And next time
sure we won't be fools enough to get
caught"
In 1874, Victoria demanded in
formation about the nine she had
saved from being drawn and quart
cred. The astonishing list:
Thomas Francis Meagher, Governor
of Montana;
Terrence McManus, brigadier gen.
eral, U. S. Army;
Patrick Donahue, brigadier gen.
eral, U. S. Army;
Richard O'Gorman, Governor Cen
eral of Newfoundland;
Morris Lynne, Attorney General
of Australia, in which office Michael
Ireland succeeded him;
Thomas Darcy MCGEE, Member
of Parliament, Montreal, Minister of
Agriculture and President of the
Council, Dominion of Canada;
John Mitchell, prominent New York
politician. (He was the father of
John Purroy Mitchell, mayor of New
York at the outbreak of World War |.
Sure now, don't be fool enough to
be caught!
Tuesday, Gov. Tim Babcock stood
before the statue of Meagher in front
of the Capitol while Thompson Weld
ing Co. bolted in az replacement
sword for the one which had been
misappropriated four months ago.
DeValera himself had stood before
the tin horse with broken wheel and
cannon beneath his hooves. Eddie
O'Conneu (Eddies Bread) had placed
a wreath at the base of the statue.
Tim gave Deputy Treasurer Tom
Ferguson ten dollar check to start
the General Meagher Statue Fund
to preserve the old rascal while
longer
Meagher was loud-mouth drunken
braggard and bully. He formed the
infamous Montana Brigade which
was a plot to defraud the u. S. Con-
gress of millions of dollars. Congress
was not taken in by the terrorist |
group which was as much a bother
to the settlers who had their supplies |
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
Actual Owners of Privufe--

Sigler & Co., 3, 167, 1886 shares In 81
companies; New York Life Insurance
Company, 1,966,379 shares and tor
10 in % companies; Carothers &
Clark of Wilmington, Del, 1888, 44s
shares i'm % companies.
SALARIES LISTED
The survey also disclosed that II
private power company officials re-
ceived salaries of 100000 or more
in 1861. Tied for first place were
Harland c.. Forbes, chairman of the
Consolidated Edison Company of
New York, and Norman r. Suther-
land, president of the Pacific Gas
and Electric Company, ait $150,OOO
each. Walker L. Cisler, president of
the Detroit Edison Company, at $751;
500 was third, followed by A. F.
Tegen. president of the General Pub
lie Utilities Corporation, at $137, 484,
and Phillip Sporn, former president
of the American Electric Power Com
pany at $133,469.
Analysing it's own findings, Mr..
Zeldin's group pointed out that while
the FPC5s requirements 'tat least
enable the public ito determine the
10 leading security holders in each
powr company, (the fact that) dis
closure is limited to those holding
more than certain amounts of stock
results in little information being
made public about who really owns
or controls the holding company.
sTt is not necessary to have large
or outright majority holdings to
effectively control a corporation.
1t would thus be in the public in
terest if the SEC would at least
require public disclosure of the
top 10 holders of holding company
securities, as the FPC requires of
operating electric companies
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
Timber Harvest Hits
AII-Time High In
Fiscal 1868

MISSOULA-The volume of tim
Der harvested in the National Forests
of the northern Region reached a
record, all-time high in fiscal 1868,
Boyd l.. Rasmussen, regional forest
er, has reported.
In the fiscal year that ended June
80, 1868, Rasmussen said that L.
295, 266,28O board feet of timber
were harvested from the 16 national
forests in eastern Washington, Mon
tana, northern Idaho and North d.
kota. This timber was valued at &c.
Ais, 7OO.29. In addition, 407,462
Christmas trees sold for $71,735.
The timber harvest is equivalent to
the lumber that would be required to
build approximately 1920 average
sized homes.
Volume of timber harvested from
the northern region national forests
this past year is more than double
the volume harvested in 1853, Ras-
mussen pointed out.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
Offshore Oil Lands
Unc|e's Incoming Millions
By ROSCOE FLEMING, Denver

An fortune of $500 millions with come
may fall to u. S. taxpayerS-or elsewhere
This huge still in dispute your u
and louisiana dispute the public forgotten
federal officials have kept still about for two years
Safe in the u S. Treasury nearly $500 millions first
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
New FDIC Head Is Credit
Union Backer

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(CNS)-
Joseph Barr, assistant to the Treas
ury Secretary, has been named by
President Kennedy to a six-year
term as director of the Federal De-
posit Insurance Corporation. He sue
ceeds Erie Cooke, Sr., who resigned.
AS a congressman and member OF
the House Banking and Currency
Committee, Barr was helpful in OBJ
tanning passage of the 1859 recodifi-
cation of the Federal Credit Union
Act.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
Wisconsin First State
To Enact Jobless Pay

Wisconsin, in 1882, was the first
state to effect an unemployment in
surance program. BY 1887, approved
unemployment insurance plans had
been legislated in every state.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-09-06
See Editorial. Page Two

The top five holders of electric
utility stock are, in order: Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc,
with 8,927,967, 3/5 shares and in
So countries it is among the 10 top
holders; King & Co., with 3,947, 800
and in the top 10 in Al companies;