davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
Uncertain Tax Cut

With the administration having
largely abandoned its call for reforms
which would eliminate loopholes, bill
to reduce individual and corporate
taxes is about to emerge from the
House Ways and Means Committee.
Under the committee bill the re-
auctions will be spread over two years
1864 and 1865. The net loss In revenue
will be about $11 billion, and the in
flationary risks which this entails pro-
duced one Of the cliff-hanging votes
in the committee The Republicans,
supported by two Democrats, proposed
that the 1865 tax cut, roughly one-third
OF the total, be suspended if the ma
tional debt, now above $305 billion,
should exceed 1904 billion by next
June 80. This attempt to force a cut
in Federal spending failed, however,
by vote Of 10 to IL. But as an augury
OF things to come, 1t clearly lends force
to Senator Byrd'S expressed doubt that
tax bill will pass the Senate this year.
Senator Byrd is chairman Of the
Finance Committee, which must con-
slider and act on the bill before it
goes to the Senate floor-aSsuming, of
course, that it passes the House. His
committee is sharply divided over the
merits Of the bill, and the Virginia
Senator says that this fact, plus the
legislative jam In the Senate and the
probability Of civil rights filibuSter,
leads him to doubt that final action
viii be taken.
Should this forecast prove correct,
It. will be severe blow to the Ken
nedy administration, which originally
had assigned No. priority to the tax
bill (Civl rights pressure forced the
change.) For the political advantages
Of a tax cut are obvious, and the PreSi-
dents prospects can only suffer If Con-
gress should still be wrangling over
taxes in 1854.
If the political advantage Of re-
duced taxes is Self-evident, however,
the economic benefits are less certain.
Our, view has been and still is that
taxes are much too heavy and that a
reduction, preferably with but If neceS-
Sary without reforms, is needed. The
hope is that stimulated economy will
produce additional revenues to offset
in whole or in part the total involved
in tax reduction. But this, of course,
is only hope. If the shot In the arm
does not invigorate the economy as
expected, and if Federal spending stays
at the current high level, then a de-
ficit-produced initiation may so cut into
the value Of the dollar as to wipe out
the benefits of lower taxes. 1t is this
possibility which alarms the orthodox
legislators which the adminiStra-
ton discounts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
Fuzzy Leadership

Nearly all efforts to cope with the
racial problem in Cambridge have been
hampered by uncertainty as to who is
leading whom among the Negroes.
This will never be more clearly IL
luStrated than in the Forthcoming vote
on an amendment of the city charter
to prohibit racial discrimination in
restaurants and places of lodging. Such
a prohibition has been the principal
goal Of all Negro leaders in the Eastern
Shore community. But now that it
is in sight, its attainment is threatened
by another split in the leadership.
City Attorney Thompson says that
If the Negro voters turn out to support
the amendment it will pass. If they
don't, he added, it won't.
In this situation, the Negro member
OF the Cambridge city council and the
local NAACP leader have said they will
do everything in their power to get
Negroes to the polls. But Mrs. Gloria
Richardson, chairman of the Cambridge
Non-Violent Action Committee, has in
dicated that she will do nothing to
help turn out the Negro vote. Her view
seems to be that Negroes should not
be expected to vote for something to
which she thinks they are entitled as
a matter Of constitutional right But
this assumption Of constitutional right
has not discouraged Mrs Richardson
from leading street demonstrations.
Why should 1t serve as bar to votingP
If the real objective is equal rights as
distinguished from "cauSe," respon-
sible leadership will do everything pos
sible to bring about approval of the
amendment
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
Gang Up on Malta

The revelations now being
made concerning the Malta
(Cosa Nostra) offer an I'M
paralleled opportunity for
eliminating this cancer from
American life. Hitherto, by
its great wealth the Malta
has been able to operate vir-
tually unhindered. 1t has
hired the shrewdest lawyers
who have used all the tricks
Of the law to win acquittals
on technical grounds from
lenient and friendly judges.
The Malta itself has helped
by eliminating hundreds. per-
haps thousands, of key wit
neSSeS.
Unless there is a drastic
change of approach, and
quickly, the past will be re-
peated. Basically, the Malta
is an armed insurrection
against the laws and the
people of the United States.
Congress should Immediately
recognize this fact by a
formal act. The Army should
on the basis Of this act,
quickly take into protective
custody all known Malta
members. The Treasury De-
partment should then start
a thorough investigation into
the thousands Of businesses
owned by Malta members. In
addition to unpaid taxes,
these businesses should be
assessed compensation for
the families of the innocent
victims of the Malta.
After this the Justice De-
partment should move in and
offer the hoods the oppor-
tunity Of giving up their citi-
zenshipS and being deported
to Italy-which has a very
efficient isolation system for
such characters-or standing
trial in this country for vari-
Gus crimes. In no case should
these criminals be allowed
ever to rejoin American So
ciety. C. ID. Hill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
Vogories of BUDGET

Senator William ProXmire
recently defied anyone to tell
from the Federal budget how
much we are spending in
total assistance to foreign
countries. He said: 1T is lit
orally impossible to determine
from the budget or any other
published source how much
our Government is spending
overseas. No single figure
in the budget indicates the
total expenditures of the
Federal budget for education.
E. Similar examples can be
given for the health activi-
ties Of the Federal Govern
ment, for research and de-
velopment programs, and so
on"
How can Congress possibly
make intelligent decisions
about the appropriateness of
and appropriations for Gov
eminent activities when no.
body knows what's up in the
Government, not even the
Government itself?
Senator Proxmire asks:
do the agencies know what
they are doing? If agencies
are aware of the nature of
the products and services
that they are producing, then
they should be able to as
sociate costs with those ac-
tivities. II they do not know
the nature of their own out
put, then it is certainly time
for the Bureau Of the Budget
to force them to discover
what they are doing. No
one else, including the Con-
gress, can learn about these
activities unless the agencies
present them in an under
Standable manner"
The first principle of econ
omy in Government, business,
or anywhere else is that you
must know what good you
are doing and how much it
costs to do 1t. An attempt is
being made to apply this
principle in the Defense De-
partment, where 1t is said to
be helpful in improving eff
cheney and producing econ
omy without detriment to
national defense.
II 1t can work in the pro-
duction Of such an ill-defined
article as national defense"
surely we can use cost
benefit" comparisons in the
civilian sector, too, including
social services, such as edu-
cation and health.
Sidney Koretz.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
PIunoithic Aqe

Some people are worried
by the population explosion.
But each of us needs only
three square feet Of space
standing up. At recent rates
of population growth, it will
be 700 years before there is
standing room only.
Cars. however, occupy
about 100 square feet of
space; somewhat less if stood
on end. Already cars take up
IA times as much space as
people. Motor vehicle popu-
lation grew so per cent be-
tween 1850 and 1860, where
as human population in
creased q mere Is per cent.
There is one motor vehicle
per "a people. and cars
should outnumber us by the
end Of the century.
Each car needs at least
two parking spaces, or some
300 square feet of concrete,
and many times its own area
in road space. 1t is little
wonder If anthropologiStS
label ours as the Planolithic
Age. Or the age which fell
victim, as Whitehead put it.
to the fallacy Of misplaced
concrete.
Fortunately cars are hol-
low; thus people space can
exist inside car space. Many
people already live in cars.
This is an obvious solution
to the space problem. We
could junk half the cars on
the road and still jam the
entire q. S. population at
one time in the remainder.
What about birth control for
cars, or perhaps acreage linn
itationS on concrete?
Charles n. Stewart. Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Flight of Refugees to Palestine
By DONALD MINTZ

Whether or not one likes
every aspect Of the story,
particularly its racist over
tones. it is a genuinely heroic
tale.
According to the publish
er, Bracha Habas lis one
of the foremost Israeli au-
thors and journalists" She
is not interested in the COM
pick matters of high policy
that brought Britain to limit
severely the number of Jews
permitted to enter Palestine.
She makes short work of pro-
posed alternatives such as the
scheme to send Jewish refu-
gees to Mauritius which if
successful would at least
have rescued them without
arousing Arab opinion against
Britain.
But inability to recognize
the plight Of the refugee and
inability to recognize that q
democratic state endangers
itself by playing games Of
Realpolitik with masses of
miserable people is not an
exclusively British failing.
and the victims have not al
ways been Jews.
And however culpable this
blindness was in the partic-
ular case of Great Britain
and Palestine, it will not do
implicitly to deny that gen.
uine issues Of world politics
were involved in British pol
icy and thereby to imply that
British motives were no more
than simple and stubborn
bestiality.
To accord Britain the
status Of a human govern
ment representing a human
population is not the same
as to accept her policy. To
fail to do so is to indulge in
the unSeeing hate and vitu-
peration that makes the
world so dangerous a place.
MISS HABAS is GUILTY
of this failing. She there
by makes her saga not more
but less heroic. It is always
the good guys against the bad
guys. Britons, Of course, are
bad guys. So are "assimilated
jews" wherever they may
have been "assimilated." So
by innuendo-are the ma
jority Of the members Of the
Jewish Brigade who refused
to use their membership in
an allied force as a cover for
aiding secret immigration to
Palestine.
"The Gate Breakers" is
weakened still further by its
tone which is that Of the Of
fical propaganda tract. The
American reader hardly cares
whether Miss Habas or her
translator Is to blame.
And yet another weakness:
Incidents are clear, but the
background Is intolerably
confused.
In short, THE Gate Break
ers" degrades rather than,
celebrates a remarkable story
Of tenacity and bravery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
Rops County Board

Inc EXECUTIVE NOLIlLIllIIce
Of the Organized Won en-
Voters of Arlington County
vigorously objects to the &C
ton of the Arlington County
Board Cor anyone elSe) arro-
eating to itself the right to
say how any private citizen
can conduct his business or
his private affairs.
We regard the now revoked
threat to withhold q permit to
operate a private school on
unlawful conditions imposed
by the Arlington County
Board as a despotic usurpa-
ton of power destructive Of
individual freedom and pri-
vate property.
There Is no State or Fed
eral constitutional prohibition
against the acts Of private
discrimination in the ordi-
nary affairs Of daily life.
Our society is built on the
right Of every man to prac-
tice in his private affairs
whatever prejudice he may
feel, whether it be political,
religious, racial or otherwise.
What individuals do in the
conduct of a lawful enter
prise is their own business.
Should this action Of the Ar
hngton County Board estab-
lish a precedent, private
rights and private property
as such, would cease to exist.
What this action Of the board
actually does is to impose a
requirement to serve. Should
the power to make such a re-
quirement become established
it could be imposed at every
level, on every business, every
social organization. every in
dividual, and destroy ones
right to privacy and freedom
of association.
Requests for private school
permits are C h a nnele d
through the Child Care
Counselor's office, which in
turn inspects each school. If
they meet the established re-
quirements, recommendations
are made by the Child Care
Counselor that said permits
be granted. There being no
public funds involved, 1t is
the duty Of the County Board
to pass favorably on the re-
quests without question. That
is the extent Of the County
Boards authority.
Whatever this right Is
called - whether is be the
right Of free choice, or the
right Of free association, or
the right to be left alone, or
the right Of q free market
place-this right is inherent
in the American system.
We request the Common
wealth's Attorney and the
General Assembly to take
whatever actions are deemed
necessary to require the board
to respect the in dividual
rights and liberties Of our
citizens.
Alma Schellenberg,
President, Organized Women
Voters Of Arlington County.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
Animal Research

In an article In The Sun
day Star headed, "Teenagers
Study Stress" DR.. Estelle
Ramey refers to that disas-
trous bill in Congress"
I assume she has reference
to one Of the six bills now
before Congress designed to
protect animals used in re-
search. I should like to as
sure DR.. Ramey, and Star
readers, that none Of the
bills would affect her pro-
gram. If her rats are anes-
thetized and feel no pain,
she has nothing to worry
about.
The bills in Congress that
should be passed, s. 533,
H. R. 1856 and H. R. 5430,
are not anti-vivisection bills.
Senator E. L. Bartlett stated
the case well in a recent
speech on the Senate floor:
THE Federal Government
is investing billions of dollars
a year in medical and biologi-
cal research Literally
millions of animals are being
used in this research &.
most unfortunately in q few
of the laboratories supported
by Government funds these
animals receive cruel and in
humane treatment: Cages
are too small to allow the
animal room to stand {.
no regular water or feeding
facilities for the animals +.
Surgical operations are per-
formed without anesthetics,
leading to severe shock and
pain. No postoperative care
is provided once the expert
ment operation is completed
Experimental animals
are clamped into observation
forms which hold them i'm
movable for many weeks I.
Such practices as these are
unnecessary and cruel. They
should be stopped; they must
be stopped. No one, no one
can say that the progress of
modern science would be
hindered or slowed in any
way by the elimination of
such practices. We must rec
ognize that scientists need
experimental animals. Scien-
lists in turn must recognize
that unnecessarily cruel and
inhumane treatment of these
animals will not be tolerated"
Marguerite Jones.
Legislative Chairman,
Maryland Animal Welfare
Associations, Inc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
THE PASSING SCENE
Peking's MiIitory-RocioI Threat

bad fix, indeed. And in all
this dreadful pool the Chi.
nese are fishing to rub up
religious animosity - honest
and spurious religious AMI
mostly alike-and, possibly,
later to move militarily to
assist the thus-far-localized
Com m unist aggressions
against Wet Nam.
The best guess Of our intel
ligence people is that they
won't now risk this latter
and Washington is taking
steps to tell them they had
better not. For one thing, our
Asia-based fleet and air arms
are under orders Of high
alert; they will shoot, If they
must.
Still, we could lose the
game without the firing Of q
Chinese shot. We could lose
it by allowing ourselves to
be talked out of Wet Nam on
the plea that Mr.. Diem is too
ugly a fellow to merit our
continued support.
Chinese Racist Efforts
As to Chinese racism in
reverse, the Negro leaders in
the current racial troubles in
America have been stridently
promised all support by the
top Chinese boss, Mao TIE
tung himself, though no one
here for a moment supposeS
they want such support.
Even the Russians are now
worriedly accusing the Chi
nese of working throughout
Africa, Asia and Latin Amer
lea to set the peoples against
white Soviet citizens" The
fact that the Russians them
selves for 80 years have tried
to create a colored racism
against the West does moth
ing to soften the present
problem. For 1t is feared
that the Chinese, being them
selves colored, may turn out
to be far the more proficient
at this evil demagoguery.
In summary, the United
States is caught in the very
two quarrels most dreaded
by any nation-religious war
fare, both real and phony, In
Wet Nam, and deliberately
melted racial hatred. This
is a slow, deep criSis-a crisis
that may be far more fun
damental than all issues over
test bans and the like.
Obvious lessons might be
drawn by Americans willing
to face facts. Any man de-
liberately inflaming extreme
racial feeling here-Say by
melting Negro marches on
Washington" which are not
in the spirit of legitimate po-
litical protests endanger-
ing this country and the
Western world. Any man
or group-unnecesS COM
plicating our already difficult
relationship with the Wet
Namese regime-the best re-
gime in sight for our purpoS-
es, whatever its shortcom-
tngs-is doing the same.
% 1859
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSG-
ton. Those not used lDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
Misnomer

During nearly 60 years i
have been called many names
but never, never. a PRO
moter" (Star, Aug. 49, Of
anything, least of all low
cost housing! This is one
commodity which cannot be
promoted; it can, perhaps,
be created out of a highly
complex and diversified null
titude of conditions such as
need, suitable land, cooper
ating authorities. willing
lenders, knowledgeable build
ers, skilled professors and
many other favorable condi-
tons.
The credit for accomplish
ing such a near miracle in
the District is due to a num-
Der of forces: A group Of
civic-minded private inves-
tors, local FILA officials who
literally led us by the hand
and suggested how to solve
engineering, sanitation and
layout problems, the Fred w.
Berens Co. as MORTGAGE, the
NCHA which literally flooded
us with eager applicants and
last but perhaps not least,
Workshop 221, Inc, which
discovered, co-ordinated and
supervised the participating
forces to the completion Of
the undertaking. The (true)
fact that I happen to head
this organization should not
be held against it, especially
since I acquired the profess
sional nickname of mister
22l" ever since we started.
Our accomplishments were
written up in D. c. papers
and national magazines, in
spected and applauded by
many ranking housing Off
Gals as the first and only
attempt IN this area to pro-
vide moderately priced homes
for displaced and lower
income families. We do feel
that the experience can be
repeated in Fairfax County
under proper cooperation,
provided, Of course. we re-
ceive a better connotation
from the news media than
promoter, procurer. prompter
or the like please7
John H. Haas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16

In the spotlight Of the
American-Soviet accommoda-
ton on the nuclear test ban.
the Cold Wars active the
alter has shifted from Europe
to Asia, toward a somber
Western conformation with
Communist China.
Two great questions now
concern our intelligence ap-
paratus and policy-makers:
Will the Red Chinese, in
their effort to wreSt leader
ship of militant communism
from the Soviet Union, now
dare direct military adven-
lures in Southeast Asia?
How far will they succeed
in the malignant racism in
reverse they are now foment-
ing all around the globe?
AS to possible major Chi
nese military intervention,
the core of anxiety is South
Wet Nam. There American
backed military resistance to
Communist guerrilla attacks
is going well - on the bat
tie line. We have more than
$4,000 American troops there;
Americans are dying out
there in a dirty but highly
necessary war.
The growing bitterness be-
tween the Roman Catholic
President Ngo Dinh Diem
and the Buddhists, however,
is causing high anxiety here.
Washington fears grave in
jury to the war effort - and
Washington is also becom-
ing a bit timid about the
political effects Of support
ing the Diem regime. The
State Department is putting
rising pressure on President
Diem to reach some arrange
ment with the Buddhists.
Serving Red Cause
But, even granting the
purest Of religious motives to
most of these Buddhists, their
agitations are clearly and
enormously serving the Com
munist cause. That cause is
somehow to persuade the
United States to drop Mr..
Diem, on the way to drop
ping the fight out there.
The plain, harsh truth is
that not every Buddhist
monk" who martyrs himself
in Saigon is a monk in fact.
The Communists are not
without insane fanatics pre-
pared to die for their per-
verted religion"
The State Department is
saying, quite rightly, that we
stand for religious freedom
and cannot back Mr.. Diem in
any general suppression of the
BuddhistS. All the same, he
has - until recently, at any
rate - been repeatedly de-
Scribed here as the one rally
ing point around which con-
tinued resistance to Commu-
mist incursions could be
guaranteed.
If he goes down - and
especially If we help push
him down-we shall be in q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-16
THE GATE BREAKERS, by

THE GATE BREAKERS, by
Bracha Habas. Translated
from the Hebrew by David
Segel. Pen-and-ink draw
ings by Anna Walinska.
407 PIP. (Herzel Press
Thomas Yoseloff, So
When the Exodus" was
stopped inside the territorial
waters of Palestine, her
captain radioed a message to
the commander of the British
warships that surrounded
her.
There are 1900 men, wom-
en- and children aboard"
he said, whose only crime
is the fact that they are
Jews. We are going to our
country because it is our
right, not because someone
has seen fit to extend us a
kindness. The last thing
we want is bloodshed, but you
must understand that we will
not go to a concentration
camp, even a British one. -.
You will be personally
responsible if any shots are
fired into the crowds of these
unarmed adults and children.
I regret to say that such in
cidents have occurred in the
past"
The Exodus" was the last
and most famous in a long
line of ships that for over a
decade had conveyed Jewish
refugees to Palestine in def
ance of the policy, orders,
and arms Of the mandatory
power, Great Britain.
IN ABSOLUTE TERMS,
the number was considerable.
In 1.-THE Gate Breakers" a
new book about this immi-
grafton, Bracha Habas re-
marks that from the begin
nings of the organized illegal
immigration effort in the
summer Of 1884, until the
arrival on Haifa of the last
group Of refugees from the
detention camps in Cyprus
in January, l949. $4,000
people immigrated into Pal
estine Illegally OF these,
100000 were organized and
brought over by the young
men Of the immigration Blu
reau, while 10000 were
brought over by the ReVi-
sionist Party organization
and private agents"
Compared to the number
Of Jews wiped out by the
Nazis, the number is pitifully
small. It is pitifully small
compared to the number Of
people the tiny territory has
shown itself capable OF alb
sorbing.
But $4,000 people are
that many more than no
people at all. Further, this
trickle was a constant re-
minder Of Jewish determina-
ton to re-establish what was
said to be a rirhtful home
land, Great Britain, the
Arab states and peoples, and
all other opponents notwith-
standing.