davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03

section is devoted to q study
Of the contrasting concepts
Of government held by Cicero
and Caesar. Cicero's ideas can
be got at from his writings,
though the ones in question
here have not all been trans
mitted in their entirety.
Caesar, on the other hand,
for all his literary skill, left
nothing that could be inter-
preted as a tract on govern
ment. His concepts must be
inferred from his conduct.
CICERO, SAYS Prof.
DICKINSON, was not only
an notwithstanding, that is
one who holds the modes and
methods Of government to be
valuable in themselves, but a
major contributor to western
political thought.
"(A) clear, explicit and
constantly reiterated en-
phasis on law in its broadest
sense as the essential basis of
the state and civil society,
writes Prof. Dickinson, sis
the most fundamental and
original Of Cicero's contribu-
tions to political thought. It
is a characteristic Roman
contribution which he prob
ably drew unconsciously from
his own traditions without
being clearly aware that there
was any novelty in It. Yet 1t
Is q distinct landmark and
starting point In the Develop
ment Of Western political
philosophy: II initiates the
concept Of the law-state,
which was TO dominate the
entire thought Of the West
until the end OF the eight
zenith century, and which was
TO be the parent Of modern
constitutional government in
the form In which II won the
assent Of the nineteenth"
Caesar. on the other hand,
was a personal ruler who
sought only personal goals.
Prof. Dickinson holds that he
did not merely pull down an
already tottering republic but
that he deliberately created
those conditions that made
the Roman republic unviable.
Prof. Dickinson further con-
tends that II was Caesar who
introduced 10 the Western
world the pernicious notions
that were TO lead 10 the con-
cept Of the divine right Of
kings.
Some Of Prof. Dickinson's
ideas may well cause contro-
versy among professional
historians. The layman can
take pleasure In a lucid and
eloquent account OF ideas and
occurrences that influenced
subsequent events for many
centuries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
Montgomery Rumors

The President Of the Mont
gomery County Board of
Education, Charles Bell, has
been successful in imple-
menting his proposal to
transfer the finger-printing
procedure and files Of us
teachers over to the County
Police Department.
DR.. Whittier. Lucille
Maurer, Lucy Kicker and
Clifford Beck are reported
opposed to this action be-
cause they believe that it vio-
lates our professional status.
They are quite correct, of
course, but in all fairness to
Mr.. Bell do think the time
has come to provide him with
an opportunity to separate
facts from fiction.
/ refer, Tor example, to the
malicious gossip which sug-
gests that, whether he knows
1t or not, the actual purpose
behind Mr.. Bells proposal is
to make it possible for polit-
ically INSCRIPTIONS persons
to have access to these files
with the hope that informa-
ton contained in them can
be used to prove" that our
Superintendent Of Schools
is Enthusiastically and pro-
fessionally unsuitable" for
his job because he hires "un-
suitable" people.
] suggest that Mr.. Bell, Mr..
Woodland, Mr.. Saunders, and
Mr.. Coyle who supported this
proposal and States Attorney
General Leonard Hardy, issue
some kind Of Joint statement
which not only gives the lie
to this rumor but specifically
identifies the procedures
which will make 1t impossible
for anyone, regardless OF
their political ambitions and
affiliations. TO have access
to the files II and when they
are transferred to the police.
And finally. let 1t be clear
ly understood that even
though there are a great
many Of us teachers who may
appear uninterested and I'M
informed about the issues at
stake under no circumstances
would We tolerate any action
on any individuals part who
would attempt TO discredit
DR.. Whittier's integrity and
suitability for the Job of
keeping a blue ribbon school
system from becoming a
tattle-tale gray.
Frances Bentzen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
What to See in York

In Sundays Star your
travel editor, Charles Var
brough, described some Of
the attractions Of York, Pa. I
would like to enlarge his
brief account Of the York
County Historical Society.
Last year / spent several
Saturdays going through
some 18th century newspa-
pers, the only known copies
Of which are possessed by
the society. In many ways
this is the most remarkable
OF the several dozen historic
cal societies / have worked
with during the past five
years. IL exceeds in size and
activity several OF the better
known State historical So
cieties and is unprecedented
for a town and county the
size OF York.
But It's outstanding feature
is the community participa-
ton. A 12-year-old sat along
side me for an hour or more,
intently reading old newspa-
pers which In most such in
stitutions he might not have
gotten within touching dis
lance. One morning, sep
arately, three teen-agers went
through the newspaper read
ing room and into the area
where the society's famous
1904 Tannenberg organ is in
stalled. And each sat down
and played II. All day young
people and old were in and
out, some looking. others
voluntarily helping with var1-
Gus chores Of the society.
There is an art and history
gallery (the work Of a dettys-
burg artist was being fea-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
minority Rule

David Lawrence's column,
Congress and Desegrega-
tion," should enlighten the
average American to the
glaring fact that we are rap
idly being deprived Of q
democratic form Of govern
ment.
The high priests Of the
Supreme Court in the name
of civil rights are interpret
ing the Constitution in such
a way as to vest in them
selves unparalleled authority.
Every new decision reinforces
their position. The Federal
Government is becoming a
means to satisfy the ambi-
tious whims Of q few men.
1t is quite plain that the adj
ministration In conjunction
with the Attorney Generals
office and the Supreme Court
intend to vest in the Gov
eminent and their respective
offices the necessary power
to enforce their will upon
every American Citizen.
Bayonets have already
been used to enforce minority
rule, increased demonstra-
lions are condoned and
radio, television and news
papers scream racial violence
with every other word. The
administration is guilty Of
totalitarian actions and the
news media are guilty Of SEN
sationalizing the racial situa-
ton and are actually in
creasing tensions by their
constant clamor. We are
naturally going to create an
unfavorable image" abroad
when all we report to the
world is mounting racial
strife. We are writing our
own PROPAGANDA defeat.
The era of minority rule
is upon us, its black shadow
has fallen across our land
and unless we as Americans.
individually and collectively.
decide to take an active part
in local and national affairs
and reestablish a government
that will work for the win of
the majority the American
way will become just q
memory. We are playing into
the hands OF the Commu-
nists in our mad flight to-
ward socialism and so-callec
equal rights. At this point II
is doubtful that even q ref
erendum could halt this de-
plorable state Of affairs.
Lowell A. Kenyon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Last Years of the Roman Empire
By DONALD MIMI

DEATH OF A REPUBLIC,
Politics and Political
Thought at Rome 59-44
B. c. BY John Dickinson.
Edited and with an Intro
duction by George Lee
Haskins. 400 PIP. (Macmil-
Ian Co., $7.50.)
"As the first century
(B. c. wore on. and Caesar
came to power. the contest
that emerged is to be viewed
less in terms Of a conflict
between the conservative eff
forts Of members of the SEN
atorial group and the selfish
drives for personal suprem-
acy on the part of men such
as Crassus and Pompey, than
as a basic conflict between
rival PHILOSOPHERS Of govern
ment. The deliberate destruc-
ton of the republican insti-
buttons by Julius Caesar and
his substitution Of the per-
sonal rule Of a single man
brought into high relief the
issue between constitutional
ism and absolutism, the age
old question Of whether men
are to be ruled by law or by
arbitrary will. The collision
between these opposing con-
ceptions Of government, rep
resented respectively by Cic-
ero and Caesar, lends lasting
significance to the final
years Of the Roman republic,
for the triumph Of will over
law necessarily means the
end of democracy"
These words by Prof. Has
kins set the frame for Prof.
Dickinson's Death Of a Re-
public"
JOHN DICKINSON died in
1852. At the time Of his
death. he was working on a
vast history Of Roman po-
litical institutions. George
Lee Haskins. Professor Of
Law at the University Of
Pennsylvania, has taken a
small part Of the manuscript,
supplied an Introductory
chapter outlining the basic
forms Of Roman government,
and so produced q book about
the last years OF the republic.
Prof. Dickinson's part Of
the text begins with a scrupu-
lousy detailed account Of
events during the fateful five
years with which we are
concerned.
He frequently takes issue
with what he considers the
standard or traditional inter-
pretations Of events, but
these standard notions, So
called. generally turn out 10
be those Of older historians
like Mommsen and Heitland.
But the more important
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
WATCHING THE WORLD
U. S. NucIeor PoIicyfor Europe
BY CROSBY S. NOYE
Foreign Correspondent q The Stor

effort among European ma
tons themselves in the nu-
clear field. In the beginning,
at least, this effort would
consist of cooperation be-
tween Britain and France.
The United States quite
properly is against national
nuclear efforts on grounds
they are wasteful and dam
gerous. It has not been able
to prevent them. however,
because its own policies and
proposals in the nuclear field
do not respond to political
and military preoccupations
of our allies.
A cooperative effort in
volving two or more Euro
pean countries, however,
would be considerably less
wasteful and minimize the
risks involved. Although the
forces created would remain
essentially under national
control the fact that they
were created comparatively
would encourage indignation
and coordination in their
use. It would also provide
enormous impetus for the
spirit Of unity and common
enterprise upon which the
future Of Europe and the At
lantic alliance, depends.
German Treaty
Eventually, it seems likely,
Germany would be invited to
participate in the effort, as
well as other members of the
Common Market area. Here
again, however, the problem
of actual control Of weapons
would not be involved. Ger
many is prevented by treaty
from the manufacture Of nu-
clear weapons and missiles.
And it can be taken for
granted that Britain and
France are no more anxious
than Americans are to put
such weapons in German
hands.
Cooperation between Brit
ain and France in the nuclear
field is not a new idea. The
subject was raised briefly by
French President Charles de
Gaulle during his meeting
with British Prime Minister
Harold Macmillan at RAM
bouillet before the Nassau
meeting. At the time the sug-
gestion Of collaboration in
missile development received
an evasive answer. But since
then considerable water has
passed under the diplomatic
bridge.
The British, perhaps, may
feel the suggestion Of Coop
Grating wish France in the
nuclear field is akin to black
mail in view of Britain's
hopes Of joining the Common
Market. If so, it is a price
they should be happy to pay.
There is nothing more in
line with the stated military
and political objectives Of
both countries than creation
Of a common force within
NATO for defense Of Europe.
For the British, at least, this
is an enormous consideration.
And until the administration
in Washington becomes con-
WINGED a cooperative Euro
pean nuclear effort is in the
interest of the alliance as a
whole, our allies are likely to
continue to 60 their separate
ways.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
PARIS

EAkLlG
There are two obvious
ways for the United States
to build a valid nuclear policy
in Europe.
AS it stands, the policy is
not valid. The current pro-
posal to build a nuclear mis-
sile fleet with all participate
ing nations exercising a veto
over its use is acceptable
only to those nations which
want to perpetuate the
American nuclear monopoly
in Europe. 1t is unacceptable
in principle to our major
allies-France, Britain and
Germany.
To say it is unacceptable
in principle does not neces-
sarily mean the plan will be
rejected in fact. It is still
possible that Britain and
Germany will 60 along -
Britain in order to live up to
commitments made at Mas
sau, Germany in hope the
plan itself may eventually be
changed.
Even II this is the case,
however, it is clear enough
that the multilateral nuclear
force which the United
States is trying hard to sell
is a dud. Nobody really wants
it. It is not necessary in any
way to the United States. 1t
does not satisfy. as it stands,
any military or political de-
mand of our European allies.
The most obvious way the
plan could be made valid
would be to abolish the veto.
II this were done-if use
Of b very considerable NATO
nuclear force were made
subject to majority decision
instead of a unanimous one
this would appear to salts
fly basic security demands Of
Europe. It would insure at
least that Europe could not
be sacrificed in order to
spare nuclear destruction of
the United States. And it
might discourage efforts of
major European powers to
develop and maintain nu-
clear arsenals of their own.
Veto Desire Seen
Although no one has said
so publicly, there is a strong
impression that the admins
tration hoped to eliminate
the veto from its plan for a
multilateral force. At least it
seems to have been part of
the original concept of the
force advanced by the State
Department. This veto-free
concept, however, ran into
stiff opposition from the De-
Tense Department and from
Congress which would have
to make drastic notifications
in the Mcmahon Act if the
veto were abolished.
AS things stand now, abol-
ishing the veto seems a prac-
tical impossibility. 1t might
conceivably be possible later
on, after the force were set
up and weapons transferred.
But it seems unlikely our
allies would be willing to
spend millions of defense
dollars on such a dubious
assumption.
This leaves the other al
tentative for a valid nuclear
policy in Europe, which is
support for a cooperative
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may De used II
letters CARR tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condensG-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only iDheD accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
Proud Of Voters

AS a private citizen and as
a public official / was never
more proud Of the voters Of
Fairfax County than I was
when the outcome Of the
bond referendum became
known. The resounding ma
jority OF votes favoring a
S2e.9-million bond issue
clearly shows the obligation
felt by the Fairfax electorate
for continuing support Of
our fine county school sys-
tenn.
Sarah Larh,
Member, Fairfax County
School Board. Falls
Church, District.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03

by some elements of the community
also was entirely warranted.
These comments are illustrative Of
the fair and judicious conduct which
has marked Mr.. Bindeman's long service
on the welfare advisory body.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03

It is official. The Star
quotes the Welfare Depart
ment Of HEW as verifying
the fact that medical care
cost the average person over
SIS two and q half times as
much as q person under IS
in 1861. These are tragic and
heartbreaking statistics when
applied to inevitable in
creases in our aged. Not only
have costs gone UP for our
aged because they have more
illness and longer disability,
but many Of them lack the
means to obtain humane
help. This humane help de-
pendably should be available
to the three geriatric cate
gories.in which some day any
one of us may find ourselves.
These categories are acts Of
God with no immunity ex-
tended to the rich or mighty.
Aging does not respect the
person.
The first category is need Of
disqualification for acute cat
astrophic emergencies. frac-
lures, distractions, perfora-
tons and preventable blind
ness. This should be entirely
prepayable, risk-sharing, SOL
vent self-help. Costly, emer-
gency disqualification should
not be used a day beyond its
mandatory need. To so abuse
its proper use will bankrupt
any solvent plan.
The second category Is the
nursing home need for aged
requiring supervised, conva-
lescent care. Sometimes this
can be provided by the family
at the patients home. But
for those without this re-
source, q low-coSt, efficient
nursing home is a must. This
facility can be stated under
supervision by less costly
nursing skills.
The third category in geri-
atric probability are the aged
who need complete custodian
care. BY an act Of God, man
has become twice a child,
helpless, clumsy, confused
even agitated and unreason-
ably demanding. What is So
ciety going to do with these
helpless aged who become in
continent, afflicted with bed
sores, dropsical extremities,
paralyzed and helpless vege-
tables? Are We to continue
doing as we do now. walking
on the other side Of the
street in SNUG indifference
to pitiful, unmet need? Are
we to continue telling the
exhausted, hopeless wife or
the dutiful daughter to re-
member to keep faith with
family honor and the VOWS
we took before the altar? We.
the richest, most powerful
and privileged Nation in all
history. are letting our aged
down. We quote statistics to
prove that the crying need
is less than conscience warns.
But those who are hurt and
dispossessed are not statis-
tics. They are people such as
you someday may be.
Thomas E. Mattingly, MD.
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-04
Bible Camp Association
Reviews Years Progress

The executive board of thu
Eastern Montana Bible Camp AS
ISOLATION, an INSTRUMENTATION
al group met November Is at the
Henry ThiesSen home southwest
of Lambert.
They reviewed the progress
made during the last year and
discussed things which they felt
should be done for the future.
During the last year the following
was accomplished: on work day
last spring, besides the routine
work of preparing the grounds
and buildings for the summer
season the shower house was
completed, with partitions and
curtains installed, and the build
ing painted Inside and out.
The fall work day was spent
draining the plumbing and pre-.
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-04

pairing the buildings for winter.
Another project was completed
after the regular work day this
fall which deserves recognition.
A group of Woodworking men
from the Bethlehem Mennonite
Church, Bloomfield, directed by
Dave Goosen, installed cement
sidewalks from the back door of
the tabernacle to the dining room
and kitchen doors. They also
poured a slab of cement in front
of the candy store.
The main project to be worked
on for the coming year is the
installation of canvas type hunks
in the dormitories. This would
dispose of the problem of storing
mattresses each fall and returning
them to the dormitories each
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-04
Cherry Creek

C-Dars Homemakers club me-
at the home of Mrs. Betty Zoanni
Wednesday with Mrs. Betty Hac-
kley as co-hostess. President
Mrs. Avis Zoanni led the meeting
which included the plans for TIE
Christmas party to be held at rhe
home Of Mrs. Ida Herness'. Mrs.
June Witt, Mrs. Leoma Hackley
and Mrs. Kay Palmer will assist
her. Mrs. Avis Zoanai then III
stalled the newly elected Off
GERS. President, Mrs. Myra Gus
tafson; vice president, Mrs. Hell
en- Palmer; and secretary-treas-
urer, Mrs. Carol Anderson.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Ruffatto
and children Of Brockton were
Sunday guests at rhe Don Zoanni
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Plenny Herness
and girls were Sunday evening
supper guests al the Gerald
Ra2ums.
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-04
MDU Has improvements

The enclosed picture shows
work in progress completing the
addition to the Lewis and Clark
81 XIV switchyard at Sidney.
A second breaker has been in
stalled at the Lewis and Clark
Station SO there is an oil circuit
breaker protecting the line north
towards Sidney and Fairview and
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-04

Along with the outdoor install
lation work, new control cables
were brought into the power sta
ton and additional relays added
on the main control board that
are associated with the second
oil circuit breaker.
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-04

a separate oil circuit breaker pro-
tecting the line south towards
Glendive.
This will have the effect Of
lessening outages as it splits the
line in two segments between
GlendiVe and Bainville.
The Sidney herald., 1963-12-04
Sc Sc Sc Sc Sc
Now for only Sc per so. fit. you can protect
your valuable carpets.

George Psenda, Glendive, Montana, is available
for on location carpet and upholstery cleaning.
Contact Sidney Cleaners & Laundry, Phone 49,
1905 for r~eferal.
Evening star., 1963-04-24

ALEXANDRIA: Duke 6 Pickett St., Alexundru,
Va.
HYATTSVILLE: Prince 6eorses) chiIum &
Queens Chapel Rds., Hyuttsville. Nd.
BETHESDA: White Flint Entrones & Rockville
Pike, Bethesda, Nd.
TYSoNS CORNER: Lessburs Pike & chuin
Bridge Rood, Vienna, Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29
VACATION PLACES

COMPLETELY FURNIsHED-Year-
round vacation cottage, near Ber-
ryville. Only so mi. from DC.
on the beautiful Shenandoah river.
Sleeps z, III bath. Ice. lot. In
cluded Is life membership In golf
and country club maintaining
swimming pool. boats for fishing,
&C. Eles; and water service. auto
Pficed low, 5000. Call HARRY
A. BOSWELL CO. AP. 7-1111.
sHANNONDALE, w. VA.-choice
lot, club membership incls. swim
ming, fishing. etc. 624-6OS7.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29
oUr.oF.roWN REAL EST.

NEW LOG CABINS and cabin sites
located in the mountains, water
and cleo. avail. In the IT. Richie
Caledonia area, Hunting, fishing
and golf course within is to 20
min. drive. Call or write TIM
BERLANE DEVELOPMENT CO.,
Box a. cashtown; Pa phone
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29
AUToMoTIvE MISC.

BRANDYwNE AUTO PARTS, new
and used parts for most cars.
Rte. sol and 3el, BrAndywine,
Md. Blu. 3.2728 or 372-6143.
TIRES, 6 good used 6,70xi5, In
GLIDING chains, All guaranteed.
Best offer, OIL. 2-b59S.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29

10 acres amid large estate. High
with view. Slopes gently to engi-
neered. stocked pond. Only $1,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29
CONTEMPORARY SITE

Level, wooded lot with small stream.
Perfect for rustic bridges and jap
anese modern decor. Established
area, nearly one acre. Priced at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29

LAMBRETTA 'e3 motor scooter.
s s5s% ds,I ~ N s.as sll this week
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29
MOTORCYCLES

B.s.A. 'e2 super road rocket. eng
ten. chrome added. Ju, e-6if3.
BsA-bT rocket. s42b. Good con.
dition. CIR. 3-bi7g days, or. D.
1900,
BMw ROO Moioreyeis 00Oee lat
class cond, 300 mi. many exc
trat. Owner leaving city. Mukt
sell ep5 cash. TX. a-s7ip. Ask
GAS TANK, OIL tank. battery boz.
wires, .eenerator, tail naht. seat,
crash bar, Windshield, etc, from
bss4sblsp' H he, t lE.9gsosso, go Of 0ii'r'
LAMnRETTA 'es motor scooter.
sos Can ~, b.ilab2a
MAICO $50 $50 &c, se0B or best
rd, g., All, Va. IA s-itOp,
sPoRTsMEN SPECIALS
.al CT. 30 power. spab.
'6i PIN, SignS.
zoe Alitats scooter. $3.50
HARIfY pHvibsoN sale, A ss fssg
1905 aitt st. NV. ~, 5000
TRIUMPH Bonneville 1890. eouip.,
$3.50 Sacrifices. iab fremont st,
Mahattas Park, Va.
YAMAIlA 6a. absolutely like new,
$500 mlles 500 c. elee, starter,
$500. OWNER, RA, $4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-29
PROP. RENT

A REALLY SUPER Long Beach va
cation, excellent cottages for
week to season, l to 8 bedrooms,
sos to 500 weekly. NJ, Z. ROCK
HILL, Broker, Mail, st, Leonard
Md. Phone, Prince Frederick 3OS,