Evening star., 1963-01-06

fend his policy, Mr.. KhrushcheV
argues that % The West is
powerful c'the paper tiger has nu-
clear teeth"D and 90 that there
are reasonable and sane" people
in the West who also want peace.
After Cuba, Mr.. Khrushchev
praised President Kennedy and
other officials for acting in a
sober" fashion. He noted that
there are some "madmen" who
want war, but made it clear
that the ruling circles believed as
he did in peaceful coexistence.
The Chinese-as repeated In the
"Togliatti" article-see no differ
ences among imperialists. "The
Chinese Communist Party holds
that the source of modern war
is Imperialism. The chief force for
war and aggression is United
States imperialism. Regarding
American leaders, the article
called them. mo angels of peace
but monsters of war"
Praising American desire for
peace, Peking warned, can only
"mislead the loving people
of the world" In other words,
Peking wants Moscow to stop its
peace campaign, which only weak
ems the dynamic forces of Com
munism. Obviously, Peking and
Moscow see the West from diff
ferent points of view. Mos
COW looks westward, in Europe
where most people are sophisti-
Gated, and would not be misled
by vicious propaganda.
The Chinese, on the other hand,
see the West as imperialists in
Asia. They see the United States
on Taiwan and in South Wet
Nam. They are frustrated In
their drive for hegemony in Asia
by the United States presence.
They feel that a violent, world
wide anti-American drive would
have great effect in Asia, and by
extension, in other underdeveloped
areas.
RELATIONS WITH NON
ALIGNED AREAS - Moscow has
pursued a course of wooing nom
aligned countries, such as India,
Indonesia, the United Arab Re-
public, and Yugoslavia. Aid has
been given. without hope of i'm
mediate political gain. In Algeria,
for instance, the Communist Party
was outlawed at the same time
Soviet aid was being shipped.
Moscow's view is that there are
three forces in the world-Com-
muniSt, Western, and neutral. It
believes that by sending economic
aid to the neutral countries, it
can better the cause of commu-
nism. The Chinese, an underde-
veloped country itself, has re-
sented the massive Soviet eco
nomic aid to its Asian rivals
India and Indonesia particularly
while its own people have been
going hungry.
Peking tends to see the world
as divided in half - a "funda-
mental antagonism between the
oppreSsor and the oppressed ma
tions." 1t warns that aid given
to newly independent govern
ments is wasted if new "bour-
geois elements" emerge. The arti-
Gle stressed that 'revisionists" in
Yugoslavia were making that
country capitalist. Peking called
the Sino-Indian clash the result
OF the "reactionary clique" in In
dia. The Russians have refused
to criticize India's actions in the
border dispute.
WAR AND PEACE-Encouraged
by Premier Khrushchev, the West
has looked upon the Chinese as
bellicose madmen, not afraid of
a nuclear war. Conversely, many
in the West praise Mr.. Khru-
shchev for his cautious behaviour.
This has ranked the Chinese,
who pride themselves on their
knowledge of strategy and tactics
Mao, himself, was guerrilla gen.
eral for % years, and cannot be
accused Of lack of sophktication
in military matters.
The Chinese say they look upon
the world in the following way:
"One should slight the imperial
lists strategically but deal serious
ly with them tactically." Thus.
Peking argues it destroys the rev.
olutionary enthusiasm OF the
masses-and again it has Asia pri-
marily in mind-if top Commu-
mist leaders say war is out OF the
question In the future. In the
long run, Mao argues, imperial
lists are paper Tigers" He knows
that they have "nuclear teeth"
as Mr.. Khrushchev replied, but
warns that unless Communists
hold aloft a banner saying that
imperialists are paper tigers" the
people will not dare TO make rev.
olution."
With the armed might OF the
Soviet Union, Mao does not be-
lieve that Communists should act
terrified in the face OF nuclear
weapons - ''reactionaries should
be afraid OF the forces OF revo-
luton and not the other way
round" In all this. Mao is re-
membering his victorious struggle
against strong odds in the civil
war with Chang Kai-shek's Amer
ican-supported forces.
Tactically, the Chinese acknowl-
edge that there are real tigers
who eat people" Thus, Mao has
never tempted the United States
TO attack China, and In fact, has
been relatively mild toward Tai
wan and In Laos. Ironically, while
the Chinese are accused by the
Russians Of being nuclear mad
men, Mao accuses the Russians
Of using poor tactics In Cuba.
The article called the placing
OF nuclear weapons In Cuba
gambling counter" close to "ad-
venturism" Tactically, the plac-
ing of offensive weapons endan-