davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Air Pollution

Both House and Senate last
week also cleared a sos million
measure for air pollution control
which had been backed by the
administration. The bill includes a
provision for the Health, Educa-
ton and Welfare Department to
study and encourage methods for
eliminating pollution from auto
exhaust.
Not so fortunate was a House
bill killed last week that would
have authorized construction Of
rail transit system for the Dis
trict. at a cost Of $401 million.
Observers said its defeat was
helped by a controversial labor
amendment, lack Of outSpoken
public support. poor preparation
by the National Capital Trans
portation Agency, and lobbying by
D. C. Transit System, Inc. A $780,
a-plate dinner October 9 organ
lied by D. c. Transit's advertising
agency for the District Of Column
bia Committee for Balanced
Transportation" nounce d 1t
would raise funds to campaign for
highway construction. Among
committee members: Robert G.
Baker, former Senate Majority
Secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
On Spending and Politics

President Johnson drove ahead
on his economy In government"
theme last week with cutbaeks
announced for 80 defense bases
and heavy layoffs In civilian
workers. The moves drew an
guished protest from Congress-
men in affected areas.
One Of the biggest worries Pres
ident johnson inherited In his
new job was psychological: The
Federal budget to be announced
next month viii top 800 billion
for the first time In history.
Acutely aware Of the political
ammunition this hands the Re-
publicans, the Texas Democrat
has devised counter strategy: Be-
have like q skinflint.
Playing Ebeneezer Scrooge any
time of the year Is q novel role for
Lyndon B. johnson. As Senate
majority leader back In 1858 he
rammed through q multibillion-
dollar spending program on an
anti-recession theme. and helped
bring a $12.4 billion Federal deficit
the following year.
But the new Chief Executive
realizes he has little time to i'm
press an image upon the Nation
before the 1864 budget message,
and he's wasting no time getting
the picture across Of q penny
pinCher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Succession::
New SYSTEM?

The fact that House Speaker
Mccormack, ~, and Senate
President Pro Tenn Hayden, IS,
are next In line to the presi-
dency continued to worry pO-
litical commentators last week.
Both men declined to give up
their present Jobs. Hearings on
new presidential succession
proposals are scheduled next
month.
It. I believe that we should
re-eXamine the line of succession
with a view to proving the least
disrupting transition of the pres
idential power" Gen. Eisenhower
wrote in the Saturday Evening
Post last week.
What the former President
urged is a return to the pre-1947
custom. In that era, the law pro-
vided the reins Of power would
go from Vice President to cabinet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Congress-:
Aid Watchdog

The foreign-aid program suf-
fered the deepest cut In its his
tory last week Is Q House sub
committee slaShed new money
SIT billion below the admins
trati0n request. In other action,
Congress approved bills on col
lege aid and air pollution but
killed q District Of Columbia
subway proposal.
Supporters OF the foreign aid
program have tried Just about ev-
cry technique on Representative
Otto PasSman to get the annual
money bill past his House APP
propriattons subcommittee.
President Kennedy invited him
on a yacht ride down the Poto-
mac. Others have tried invective.
Last week President johnson at
tempted the folksy chat approach.
But nothing works very well.
Mr.. Passman has been calling aid
programs idiotic, aSinine and
preposterous for nine years, and
he's not likely to change.
Scarcely had he returned to his
office on Capitol Hill after a ses-
sion with President johnson
Wednesday when Mr.. Passman
got out his budget ak and went to
work. The result was subcommit-
tee approval Of $2.8 billion for
foreign-aid spending, a third be-
low the requested sum.
Because funds for development
loans to other countries were re-
duced from $500 million to 1925
million. the United States may
have to break it's commitments to
a dozen countries.
There is still hope. Congress
last week voted for q $3.6 billion
authorization ceiling on aid, and
presumably the Senate will re-
store some Of the money pared
away by the House unit when the
actual appropriations bill comes
its way. But II the Passman sur
gerry Is allowed to stand, It will be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
More Incentive

Many Americans would say that
incentive rather than chemicals is
the key which the Russians have
not yet really found and the only
one which will increase their food
and fiber production II 1t Is to
keep pace with the rise in the
population Of the USSR-esti-
mated at $50 million for 1870.
Perhaps 1t would not be
presumptuouS to suggest that Mr..
Khrushchev might find Gov. Will
liam Bradford's History Of Plym-
outh Plantation" edifying, partic-
ularly the following quotation
telling of an action in 1923 which
brought a great harvest after the
want and famine of the previous
years:
They BECAME to thinke how
they might raise as much corne as
they could, and obtained q better
efope than they had done, that
they might not still thus languiSh
in miserie. At length. after much
debate Of things the Govr with
We advise Of ye cheefeSt amongst
them) gave way that they should
set corne every man for his owne
perticuler. and In that regard
trust to themselves.
And so assigned to every fami-
ly q PARCEL Of land, according to
the proportion Of their number
for that end . and ranged all
boys and youth under some fami-
lie. This had very good success;
for 1t made all hands very indus
trious, so as much more corne was
Continued Of Page b.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Jobs Cut Out

Ultimately, the cuts will elimi-
nate $500 civilian Jobs and save
about $106 million, the Defense
chief estimates. The impact will
be delayed until 1867 In some
areas.
Drastic as 1t sounded, the figure
was far below the "75, 900 jobs" to
be eliminated that appeared in
several speculative news articles
earlier last week. One lawmaker.
Representative Samuel s. STRAIT
ton Of New York, thought he saw
some slight-of- hand at work in
the faSt-changing figures.
Apparently the criterion here
Is simply a matter Of how loud
and how fast you can YELL" he
said, promising an appropriate
wall on behalf Of New York State,
hardst hit in the cutbacks.
Military bases rank next to
dams and harbor work as the pol
itician's porkbarrel favorite for
his home State because Of the Jobs
they provide
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Program Lays

IN 1858, Mr.. khruShcheV
launched a seven-year program,
including a highly pubhcized land
internally controversiaD plan to
reclaim the waStelands and plant
the virgin acreage Of Siberia and
to increase sharply the production
Of chemical fertilizers. The pro-
gram has Jagged seriously. For
example:
The target for annual chemical
fertilizer production by 1868 was
IS million tons, the current United
States output. But the USSR will
produce only 20 million tons this
year. In plaStics and chemical fl
bers, the record Is even worse.
There were extenuating circum-
stances this year and Mr.. Khru-
shchev has let no one forget 1t. "a
severe winter followed by q severe
drought has affected the most Inn
portant agricultural regions Of the
country" he said. winter crops
persisted on millions Of hectares"
"a hectare Is equal to about 2.5
acres.)
Nevertheless, Western Kremlin-
ologists feel that the agricultural
difficulties of the Soviet Union
have placed Mr.. Khrushchev in
an embarrassing, even uneasy,
position with the leadership Of the
all-powerful Communist Party of
the Soviet Union.
Thus, as was predicted, the
Premier presented q new plan
again for seven years-for Soviet
agriculture at last weeks plenum
of the Central Committee Of the
CPSU in Moscow.
The major goal of. Mr.. Khru-
shchev. as outlined in his four
and Q half hour speech, Is an all
out effort to more than triple the
production of chemicals for agri-
culture and consumer goods at q
cost Of $46 billion between now
and 1870. He called for the build
ing Of 200 new chemical plants
and the modernization Of 500 9TH
ers in the seven-year period.
Declaring that chemistry Is q
powerful means to achieve an up
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Jovits' Idea

BY the weeks end, several other
proposals were being aired. Sena-
tor JavitS of New York suggested
constitutional amendment under
which Congress would elect q new
VICE President whenever that Of
flee became vacant.
Senator Heating, another New
York Republican. proposed that
each party elect two Vice Pres
ldentS every four years. And even
more complicated was q scheme
by Representative Ayres Of Ohio
whereby the House would name
an acting Vice President while
States amended the Constitution.
The amendment would let the
Senate elect a new Vice President
each time a vacancy occurred.
Two of the above three ideas
would let Congress play q major
role in the transfer of power at
the White House. but some critics
think Capitol Hill should stay out
OF the picture. The Baltimore Sun
eoltorialized last week that Il the
question is re-opened, Washing
ton should seek a formula which
transmits executive responsibility
within the executive branch and
mlnlmizeS Congressional involve.
ment."
Last Thursday, Chairman Bayh
OF a Senate Judiciary Subcom-
mlttee on Constitutional Amend
mentS announced that he would
oegln hearings early next year on
the bills. Similar hearings will be
held by the House Judiciary Com
mittee.
And Senator Humphrey dis
closed that he is polling so prom
inent political scientists to helm
with WaShington's dilemma.
In a separate move, Senator
Bayh. an Indiana Democrat, said
ne plans to ask President johnson
himself for his views on the prob
lens OF presidential succession and
disability.
The Senator said the White
House advice would be part of
next years study. President John
son has not commented on various
succession proposals made since
he assumed the post as Chief Ex-
ecutive.
Observers feel that as q practi-
cal matter, the arrangement to
have the House Speaker and SEN
ate President Pro Tenn next In
line will remain in force through
1864 for one major reason: 1t
would take year to push q Con-
Stitutional amendment through.
even if 1t carried less controversy
than the one in question. Such a
measure must be approved by
Congress and then ratified by
three fourths of the states.
Then too, Mr.. Mccormack likes
the succession law as It now
stands. Few Of his colleagues feel
inclined to affront him by taktnR
him out Of the line now.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15

the worst blow to the President in
vigorous II brief career so far at
the White House.
This Congress-" remarked
President johnson, is well on its
way to doing more for education
than any Congress since the Land
Grant College Act was passed 100
years ago"
What he was describing last
week was a college-aid measure
cleared by the Senate and sent to
the White House. 1t will provide
$l.2 billion authority for Federal
grants and loans over three years
for construction Of public and pri-
vate higher Observation-Disclosures.
The second new education pro-
gram to clear Congress this year,
the so-called bricks and mortar"
measure would offer its aid to all
2,100 colleges and universities in
the country.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
More Cuts Due

Nor is the pressure confined to
military spending. Faced with an
absolute deadline at the end Of
this week on the budget, which
must go to the printers by Satur-
day, President johnson fired a d.
receive off to all other Federal de-
partments and agency heads de-
manding they find where further
cuts could be made.
The directive noted the country
is now In q period Of severe
budgetary Stringency" and or
dered a reply by 8 pm. last Fri
day.
The White House also seemed
to be zeroing In on the Alliance
for Progress last week. Though no
official statement was issued, the
word leaked that a drastic shake
up In the agency's staff was i'm
minent. Among those rllmored for
transfer: Teodoro Moscoso, pro-
gram co-ordinator.
The Alliance Ii less than three
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
As Borgoiner

Just possibly, the johnson econ
omy drive may hand him q lever
against Congressman who refuse a
tax cut without corresponding
cuts in Federal spending. If o law
maker protests against closing an
Army base in his State. the rea-
soning goes, how can he with q
straight face criticize President
johnson as q spender?
1t Is this kind Of tough strategy
that made the Texan famous as
Majority Leader. He'll bargain
with anybody, even the devil, to
get his way" one Senator re-
marked last week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Blunt Question

Not so tactful last week was
Sarah McClendon, correspondent
for a string Of newspapers and
so blunt at press conferences that
she was once described as Pres
ident Eisenhower crown Of
thorns.
Would Mr.. Mccormack give I'D
his job? she inquired.
Il am amazed you would ask
such a question, retorted the
Speaker. rs there no limit Of
decency?" And after stalking red
faced away from reporters, he
wheeled and declared,
Il was elected Speaker and I'm
going to remain Speaker"
The same day. Senator Hayden
let 1t be known that despite press
gallery gossip he did not intend
resigning to pave the way for
Senator Mansfield's election a
President Pro Tenn.
That still left unanswered the
alternative idea that Mr.. Nc
Cormack suggest some other sue
cessor without reSigning. Because
President johnson suffered a heart
attack eight years ago, the cues
ton OF succession must be faced.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Defense Cutbock

The most obvious target for
economy is defense spending
($51 billion this year, not includ-
ing military aid to our allies), now
half Of the total United States
budget.
Pentagon OUTLAWS are IS times
greater today than that Of the en-
tire Government when Mr.. john
son first came to Washington
from Texas in 1881.
The President reminded q group
Of Pentagon officials Of this fact
last week as he drove ahead on
his cost-cutting campaign.
The warning was followed up
the next day by an announcement
from Defense Secretary McNa-
mara: Thirty-three military bases
will close or cut back operations.
In addition, some shipyard work
reductions are planned next year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
THE FOREIGN SCENE
New Soviet Plan
For the Consumer

Premier Khrushehev on Mon
day announced q major shift
In emphasis by the Soviet
Union from durable to consumer
goods, with particular attention
on chemicals for farming.
In his decade at the summit of
Soviet power and authority, Nikita
Khrushchev has had, like other
political leaders, his share Of
successes and setbacks.
The Soviet Union has reaped
world prestige with its advances
and achievements in space tech
nology and rocketry. It has built
an enormous heavy industry, In
creased its output Of petroleum
products and doubtless has made
significant strides in education
and In providing new housing for
many Of its citizens.
But If there is one problem
which has persistently bedeviled
Mr.. KhruShchev and strained his
faith in the pure feminist ap-
proach to its solution it is in agri-
culture-the production Of food
and fiber.
With all his talk and promises
and genuine effort to increase So
Wet farm output-his goal being
to overtake the United StateS-he
finds his country's agriculture to-
day very nearly In q state Of cri-
sis. Even in wheat, which until re-
Gently was a large export item for
the USSR, there has been failure.
This year, the Soviet Union has
already imported approximately 7
million tons and is trying to buy
several million more from the
United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Political Line

Although Pentagon brass would
like to shut down many installa-
tons, they often are blocked for
political reasons. Camp Chaffee In
Arkansas. for example. was &C.
tually reopened against Army
Fl wishes back In 1861 after Senator
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15

years old, but President Kennedy
and his advisers were reported
last month to be considering
changes. Talk last week did not
involve cutting the cas- billion 1t
committed in It's first two years.
but rather on how the Alliance
might be better co-ordinated. It Is
now spread among several organi-
cations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
Total Savings

As In other matters. closing bas-
es seems to be best accomplished
by Washington when It Is done
quietly. Under Mr.. McNamara's
regime, more than 400 military
posts have been phaSed out since
early 1861, most Of them without
a fraction Of the uproar that
greeted last weeks news. The to-
tai savings is about $442 million
annually.
Are there more economies COM
ing? The defense chief thinks so.
1t is already perfectly clear" he
said, that we can save more
through reductions in bases and
installations.
Il would guess Just offhand,"
said the man who likes to have
computerS backing up his guesSes,
that we can add $125 million to
$3.50 million to that objective and
get very close to something on the
order Of $500 million per year, as
a reasonable objective"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15

Fulbright rolled up his heavy ar
tillery on Capitol Hill In behalf Of
local interests.
Whether President johnson can
make all the cutbacks stick seems
questionable. Boston, Philadelphia
and San Francisco Navy ship
yards, rumored earlier last week
to be scheduled for shutdowYls,
magically emerged unscathed aft
er congressional delegations got
on the telephones.
In the admiring view Of some
old Washington hands. 1t doesn't
really matter as far as politics go.
Nobody will remember q year
from now Just how many bases
closed" admitted one Republican
Senator in an interview. "All
they'll remember Is that Lyndon
was trying to save taxpayers
money. He's Q real pro-"
The game can be played on
both sides, however. As the week
ended, Republican Senators Keat-
ing and Javits introduced q bill
that would require the Defense
Department to notify the Area
Redevelopment Administration of
any decision to close q base in a
distressed area where 100 or more
employees would be laid off.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15

surge in agricultural production. I"
the Premier spoke as though he
were q Western politician address,
ing a campaign rally when he
said:
The Soviet people, under the
leadership of the party, have
created a first-class heavy indus
try. Now the state is able to direct
huge sums TO the development of
chemistry, agriculture and light
industry. so as to produce more
food products and goods for direct
satisfaction of the peoples needs"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15
More Shoes

Mr.. Khrushchev promised a rise
in the living standards Of his peo-
pie. saying that by 1870 the pro-
duction Of footwear would reach
$40 million pair-somewhat under
three pair per person. And while
he has never been regarded as a
fashion plate himself, he empha-
sized that he was interested in
more than just numbers.
1T is no longer possible to toler-
ate the fact that our fabric, foot
wear and other consumer goods,
in spite Of their high quality, ex-
ternally quite often look less
smart than foreign articles" he
conceded.
The Soviet leader, as might be
expected, assumed none Of the
responsibility for the poor state of
his country's agriculture. In addi-
ton to blaming the elements, as
he did in connection with the
1868 crop, he tagged Stain as
the chief culprit. He said that
chemistry for agriculture was ig-
nored in the Soviet Union until
1858 the year Stain died.
But when Mr.. KhruShchev tried
to explain away the success of
American farmers in achieving
enormous production, he left some
observers wondering why the So
Wet Union has not been able to do
likewise If he knew the secret"
His explanation: Americans used
nearly four times as much ferti-
HZer per acre Of plowed land as
the Russians did.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-15

officers beginning with Secretary
Of State. Il
As one who had the problem
thrust upon his consciousness
dramatically by his heart attack
in 1855, Mr.. Eisenhower has
thought long about 1t. And he dis
likes the present law.
ut doesn't insure" he wrote,
that the party selected BY the
people to head the executive
branch Of the Government VIII
continue to do 20 for that four
year period. -. True. the Speaker
Of the House and the President
Pro Tempore are elected officials,
but the first has been elected by
a district and the second BY Q
State: neither necessarily reflects
the viii Of the whole electorate"
Congress- Line
What really bothers the for
mer President Is that unlike the
British system. the American
Congress can go galloping off in
a different direction from the
administration. and the present
law seems to encourage this by
taking the line Of succession away
from q Presidents cabinet.
But this Is not the sole or even
the chief worry being whispered
at Washington'S cocktail parties
this season. Again and again,
personalities dominate the talk.
The blunt fact b that many
observers do not consider House
Speaker Mccormack or Senator
Hayden up to the enormous pres
sures and responsibilities Of the
White House.
James Reston Of the New York
Times put 1t as kindly as he
knew how. Terming Mr.. McCor-
mack industrious and competent
in many ways, he gently suggested
the Massachusetts, septuagenarian
need not even resign his Speakers
post. Just offer . bill to name
another man in line for the
presidency.
Evening star., 1963-05-26

Randolph Scott. "Ths Thing Called
Love-" 1e41. Rosaind RUSSELL
q MY FRIEND FLIcKA.
Adventure SERIES Starring Anita Louise.
q SATURDAY MATINEE.
Movies. 31a Hours. Goodbye Mr.
Chips" 1889. Robert Donat "Hote
Imperial" 1888. Ray MlIand.
q RAMAR.
Adventure Jon Hall stars. (Repeat)
200 q MOVIE q MATINEE.
IVA Hours. "The Quiet eun." 1857.
Forrest Tucker.
q MOVIE.
Hours Beginning or the End" 1916
tFrst-Run) Brian DonleV and Robert
Walker
3:30 q BLUE ANGELS.
Adventure. Don Gordon stars.
400 N SATURDAY PLAYHOUSE.
Movie. 1A Hours Color "Home In
Indiana" 1914 Walter Brennan and
Jeanne Grain.
q BoWLERS' CHOICE.
Sports. Winners from previous week
meet new mixed doubles teams. Steve
emartin, host.
Wv ~ GHSi SlD6 OVWGOI'
IVA Hours. Starring Leo Corey.
q THE DEPUTY.
Western The three Bennett brothers are
suspected of bank robberies. Henry
Fonda and Allen Case (Repeat.l
500 q WIDE WORLD OF SPORTS.
IVA Hours European Cup Soccer
Championship from London England
Jim Mckay, host.
q THE EARLY SHOW.
Movie. IVA Hours. "Derelict." 1881.
George Bancroft and William Boyd.
5:45 q RACE OF THE WEEK.
Sports. The Mother Goose, $75.ooo-
added, from Aqueduet. Long Island