davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
The Time Has Come

The message which Mr.. Ken
nedy sent along with the legisla-
ton was a long one. high in tone
and practical in suggestion and
frank in appraisal. THE time has
come" 1t said, "for the Congress
of the United States to join with
the executive branches In making
1t clear TO all that race has no
place in American life or law"
Whether Congress was ready
TO assume that role was another
matter.
In a series Of pre-message con-
ferences, Mr.. Kennedy and his
Democratic congressional leaders
had presented the program TO the
Republican leadership.
The President also had carried
on his personal campaign for
backing for mis- program by con-
tinuing at the White House
meetings with various groups,
right up TO the day before his
departure on his European trip.
He met with Negro and white
civil rights leaders. religious lead
ers, governors OF several States,
educators and lawyers. Spokesman
for the groups were. in general,
sympathetic 10 the legislation.
The likelihood of House passage
OF such q civil rights package was
generally admitted. The trouble
would come In the Senate. despite
the fact that 43 signatures we're
on the legislation as co-sponsors.
There the traditional Southern
filibuster might well break out.
Several Senators had already in
dictated as much by coming out
against the Kennedy plan. SO, In
the preliminary legislative talks,
the Republican Senators were the
particular target. II the admin
istration should come 10 the
point where II had 10 stop a fill
buster II would need "a 10 rs
Of the 80 Republican votes.
Senator Dirksen, Republican
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

leader, indicated that be was in
favor of most of the civil rights
proposals but that he would not
go along with the private bust
ness section. Senator Goldwater,
a leading possibility for the 1864
Presidential nomination, came out
against the same section.
To speed matters in the Sem
ate it was separated from the
main bill and made into new
one and sent to the Commerce
Committee where hearings are
due to start this week. There was
talk of a compromise which
would eliminate entirely the pri-
vate business angle.
The machinery for the legisla-
ton seems to call for House &C
ton possibly by the last Of July
or in August and then Senate de-
bate. The debate is bound to be
so protracted that predictions
we're being heard that Congress
would be in session until late in
the fall.
President Kennedy-who was a
member of both the House and
the Senate--anticipatsd mis-. In
the message he said: II am pro-
posing that the Congress stay in
session this year until it has en-
acted the most responsible,
reasonable and urgently needed
solutions which should be accept
able to all fair-minded men,"
That might be a long time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Less Advanced

The Illustrations growing out
of these circumstances; the fact
that China is in a less advanced
state Of development and that
Mao Tse-tung, the No. / Chinese
Communist. fancies himself as q
truer disciple Of Marx and Lenin
than Mr.. Khrushchev. have
helped produced the anti-Khru-
shchev outbursts from Picking.
These outbursts. which have
produced such counterthrusts
from Russian officials as sorry
theoreticians" and hardened doc
trinaires" in referring to the Chi
nese Reds, were the most savage
to date. Ironically, the assault by
their brothers" came Just q few
days after President Kennedy ex-
tended the warm hand of friend
ship to the Russians and, in ef-
feet. agreed to peaceful CO.
existence"
without always naming the
USSR, the sPeking letter accused
Moscow. both in the remarkable
Aesopian language of the Com
munist world and in more direct
phrases, Of "great-power chau-
vinism," "sectarianism, revision
ism." "splitism," "opportunism"
and "subversion." O.
The Chinese were particularly
vitriolic in their attack on the
policy Of peaceful co-existence, I"
saying that for the international
Communist movement to accept
1t would be Ito discard the his
torical mission Of proletarian
world revolution, and to depart
from the revolutionary teachings
of Marxism- Leninism."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
AIobomo Suit

In Alabama, the university an
nounced that 1t would 60 back
to the courts to seek an order to
force withdrawal from its rolls of
the three Negro students admitted
in a Federal-State crisis the week
before.
In New York State, public school
systems were ordered to see to 1t
that Negro children attend schools
with a eross-section of other
ethnic groups, even If it means
transferring them to schools out
side their neighborhoods. Racial
imbalance" in q school cannot be
justified by the fact that 1t re-
fleets the makeup Of its neigh
borhood, the States Commissioner
of Education James E. Allen, jr.,
held. The case was based on
a complaint Of the National As
ISOLATION Of ,Colored People that
de facto segregation existed in a
Long Island school because 1t had
become rs per cent Negro. Some
more white children will have to
be brought in. the ruling stated.
by exchanging Negro pupils with
a predominatly white school.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
On Neutrality

Emphasizing the neutrality
angle. the opinion stated the
background Of the courts rea-
soning in these words:
The wholesome neutrality Of
which this courts cases speak
thus stems from a recognition
Of the teachings OF history that
powerful sects or groups might
bring about a fusion OF govern
mental and religious functions or
a concert or dependency Of one
upon the other TO the end that
official support Of the State or
Federal Government would be
placed behind the tenets OF one
or OF all orthodoxies.
Then. the court said. there was
no doubt that the required Bible
and prayer recitations In public
schools with children under COM
pulsory attendance. were an "es-
adjustment" OF religion by the
State and thus were unconstitu-
tional.
II ruled out the contention Of
the States that the exercises were
moral" In nature: They are re-
ligious exercises. required by the
States In violation OF the COM
mand OF the First Amendment
that the Government maintain
strict neutrality, neither aiding
nor opposing religion"
Two separate concurring opin-
ions were filed, by Justices Bren-
nan tthe only Justice who Ia q
Roman Catholicl and justice
Goldberg who is the only one OF
the Jewish faith. They Joined In
Justice Clark's reasoning but ex-
pressed some personal angles and
II was considered noteworthy that
both went out Of their way 10
Continued on Page B-a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Unexpected

Most Of the provisions Of the
program, including the private
business section. had been ex-
pected and had been discussed
in detail in advance. A surprise
inclusion was the kind of relief
sought in the section on increas-
ing educational and employment
opportunities for Negroes. The
President pointed out that I'M
employment falls with special
cruelty on minority groups and
cited figures showing that the
unemployment rate Of Negro
workers is more than twice as
high as that In the Nations
working force as q whole. He
proposed that more jobs must be
created through greater economic
growth, more education and
training to raise the level of
skills, and racial discrimination
in employment be eliminated.
Also sought were additional
funds to be allocated to broaden
the Federal manpower develop
ment and training program, more
money for the proposed youth
employment program. and further
appropriations for vocational ed
ucation. The minimum age for
training allowances would be
lowered from 10 to 10. Literacy
training would be provided and
more effort made to train out
of-school youths for employment.
No cost figure was mentioned in
the message or the legislation
but one congressional leader, Sen
ator Humphrey of Minnesota,
guessed 1t would be around 81
billion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Committees Role

The Central Committee Of the
CPSU is not q decision-making
body. The Presidium usually takes
care Of that. The committee rather
endorses decisions.
We do not yet know what has
been endorsed specifically in the
meeting just concluded, but the
tone and tenor Of the speeches
would indicate that q greater state
effort to indoctrinate Russian
citizens with the Marxist-Leninist
theology interpreted by the
Kremlin about to be launched
through the press, the arts, htera-
ture, movies, radio and television.
This means that Western ideas
and influence will be fought with
renewed vigor. 1t means that the
trend TO greater Intellectual free
dom in the Soviet Union will be
arrested.
There was speculation in the
West before the Moscow meeting
that the Central Committee might
designate q successor to the ailing
Frol Kozlov as the likely political
heir to Mr.. Khrushchev. who is
SO. The final communique said
nothing directly about this, but
some Kremlinologists see q deci-
sion in the appointment of Presi-
dent Ieonid I. BreZhneV. a MEM
Der Of the l2-man ruling Presi-
dunn. to the additional post on
the A-man Secretariat.
Some Of the speakers. including
Mr.. Khrushchev, referred to the
theological dispute with Red
China, sharply criticized their
Asiatic brothers and got their
own slime" in order for the show
down meeting with the Picking
representatives the end Of next
week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Point at Issue

The most controversial Of these
provisions is the one which
would outlaw discrimination in
public ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS,
hotels, etc. Here the varying con-
ceptions Of public rights VS.. private
property come into conflict. There
was grave doubt that this part
of the program would be enacted,
no doubt that If 1t is enacted,
the courts will be called upon to
pass upon It.
The Kennedy proposal was
based largely on the Federal
Governments right to regulate
interstate commerce but 1t also
invoked the equal-protection-of-
the-laws clause Of the Fourteenth
Amendment. The wording Of the
proposal was that the businesses
would have to offer their services
to everybody II a substantial por-
ton Of their goods moved In in
terstate commerce, or that their
activities or operations substan-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
The Court:
Neutrality

The Supreme Court, by an
8 TO vote, ruled last week
that no State or local govern
ment may require the reading
Of the Bible or saying Of the
Lords Prayer as opening exer-
cises in public schools.
When the Supreme Court held
a year ago that recitation In New
York public schools OF a prayer
composed by the State Board OF
Regents violated the separation
Of church and state provisions OF
the Constitution there was a
furore OF criticism. II was based
on the idea that any action to
discourage religion was bad. II
was fed by speculation that, car
ried 10 It's logical conclusion,
such thinking would outlaw the
reading OF the Bible and the reci-
tation OF the Lords Prayer, ac-
tivities long sanctioned In most
VI bilC obhySos baob NNtA ~ NaAAANs
The court was acting on cases
which came from Maryland and
Pennsylvania. In Maryland there
was a ruling OF the Baltimore
School Board requiring a reading
OF a Bible chapter and/or the
Lords Prayer at daily opening
exercises In the schools. In the
Pennsylvania case a State statute
required reading at least 10
verses OF the Bible. without COM
ment at the opening OF each days
session. The court considered the
cases In q single opinion.
II was generally expected that
the court would rule against the
religious exercises. The National
Council OF Churches. q fedora
ton Of most OF the Protestant
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
THE FOREIGN SCENE
Chinese Intensity
Reds Policy Splits

hierarchy across the entire spec
trum Of theology and policy. 1t
was as though Peking was charg-
ing Moscow with being anti-Marx-
list.
The ferocity Of the Chinese &C
cusations made Westerners gasp
and doubtless produced angry out
bursts in the secret confines Of
the Kremlin.
Certainly the likelihood Of q
Chinese-Soviet theological rap
prochement at the early July
meetings appears slim, indeed.
Rather the two Communist giants
are running on a collision course.
The only way, 1t would seem at
this point, for any kind of real
agreements distinguished from
a pseudo one which would attempt
to paper-over unbridgeable diff
ferences would be for one side
or the other to beat broad re-
treat.
As to this possibility there's
not a Chinamarl's chance.
For long months, Moscow and
Peking have been engaged in a
war of words over what should
be the correct policies for pro-
noting world communism. Mos
COW has advocated peaceful CO.
existence" whereas Picking has
pushed a hard line" which calls
for violence and revolution to be
part of the arsenal for advane-
ing the victory of the workers
of the world.
In addition to the polemics in
which 1t has rejected Peking's
warlike attitude, the USSR has
withdrawn virtually all its tech
nicians from China; has cut
down sharply its economic aid to
that country; has warmly en-
braced Yugoslavia, an independ-
ent Communist country which
China has denounced as traitor
ous," and has attacked Albania,
a protege Of Picking.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Court Speaks

When the court did speak-on
Monday, the last day of its 1884
session-it seemed to take into
consideration the criticism that
had been made of the earlier de-
cision on the subject and to go
to more pains than usual to make
its position clear. In almost con-
ciliatory words, the majority
opinion by Justice Clark "a Pres
byterian) stated first the courts
recognition of the role Of reli-
gion in the country. 1t cited q
1852 case in which I'VE gave spe-
cific recognition to the PROPOSE
ton that we are q religious peo-
pie whose institutions presuppose
a Supreme Being" The opinion
went on to mention that our pub
lie life background includes such
religious facets as the presence
in oaths of public office Of the
words 80 help me God" the fact
that Congress and the court it
self are opened with prayer, and,
the existence of military chap
lains.
Justice Clark went out Of his
way to state that the decision
would not bar the use of the
Bible for teaching purposes In
schools. He cited numerous pre-
vious decisions by the court on
religious freedom. A key one, Of
almost a century ago, contained
these words:
Absolute equality before the
law of all religious opinions and
sects. The Government. Is
neutral, and. while protecting all,
1t prefers none, and 1t disparages
none"
The point at issue was the
meaning Of the First Amend
ment's religious provision: Con
gress shall make no law respect
ing an establishment Of religion
or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof" These two clauses were
made applicable TO the States by
tn Fourteenth Amendment, the
opinion declared, citing cases go
ing back TO 1910.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

TALLY affect interstate travel or
interstate movement Of goods In
commerce or that they are an
integral part of a parent organ
ization affected in any such way.
There was little doubt that this
would include almost all COM
mercial activity in the States.
1t was pointed out. also. that
such a law would shift the line
of sit-in cases. Hitherto, the
charge has been that the Negro
was breaking the law by de-
manding the service. Under such
a new law, the store proprietor
would be breaking the law by re-
fusing to serve him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Segregation:
Fighting On

Demonstrations and angry
statements continued last week
to mark the campaign for more
Negro rights.
President Kennedy issued an
appeal to Negroes last week to
avoid demonstrations which could
lead to violence while Congress is
considering proposals he has sub
mitted for their relief. His words
might have been considered as APP
plicable to the situation generally:
"Unruly tactics or pressures will
not help and may hinder the eff
fective consideration Of these
measures"
There was no indication. how
ever, that this appeal would lead
to any truce or let-up in the vigor
of the Negro protests. On the
contrary. major Negro leaders said
demonstrations will continue. They
will be peaceful, the spokesman
said, and where there is violence
the blame will be on repressive
police action. The Rev. Martin
Luther King. jr., declared I'VE can
not in all good conscience bring an
end to demonstrations until the
conditions causing them are re-
moved"
1t is possible that what the
President had in mind were the
advance warnings about huge
Washington shows OF strength
when the legislation is being con-
sidered. These are expected to go
on as planned. Backers OF a mas
sive Marcia figure OF 100000
participants was given-said that
1t will be held in Washington in
August and that 1t will be spon-
sored by large group OF rights
organizations. They stressed that
II will be orderly and non-violent
and that its purpose will be
TO demonstrate numerically the
backing OF the civil rights legis-
lation. Whether the demonstrators
actually would appear at the
Capitol itself was uncertain. There
is a law against all demonstrations
on the Capitol grounds without
permission OF the House Speaker
and the Vice President. This
would not, presumably. preclude
fairly large delegations from visit
ing their congressman in groups.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

The Chinese Reds, in letter
to the Central Committee Of
the Communist Party Of the
Soviet Union released on Mon
day, blasted Premier Khru-
shchev's peaceful cO-existence
policy and his leadership In the
world struggle.
Moscow, the citadel of the early
Cars. the sacred birthplace Of
Soviet communism, finds itself the
City Of Decision this summer.
Never before, 1t is certain, has
It been its lot to play host to a
series of meetings, all different yet
all linked somehow in their ex-
pected impact on the shape of
the world in the years ahead, as
important as those of June and
July. These meetings, the first Of
which has just been concluded,
involve:
o The Central Committee Of the
Communist Party Of the Soviet
Union, which had as one Of its
chief aims the discussion Of
stricter theological control over
artists and intellectuals within
the USSR.
. Top-level Soviet and Chinese
Communist officials, beginning
July 5. for the stated purpose of
discussing and then resolving
theological differences between
Moscow and Picking,
. Representatives Of the USSR,
the United States and Great
Britain on q nuclear test ban
treaty, the sessions to begin in
"mid-July."
Unquestionably, the outcome of
these meetings will to large de-
gree determine whether early So
buttons will be found to major
problem areas concerning % the
internal direction Of the Soviet
Union and the liberalization trend
which Premier Khrushchev set in
motion q couple years ago, but
which he seems ready to slow
down; 90 the future of the
leadership of world communism
and whether its monolithic char
acter has been irretrievably dis
carded and bi-polar forces led by
a Moscow bloc and a Peking bloc
substituted and 80 the hopes for
an East-West agreement on BAN
ming nuclear weapons testing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Buffalo Evening News

denominations In the country,
seemed to anticipate such q rul-
ing four days before the courts
decision was made known when
its policy-making general board
issued a statement warning the
churches against "the all too hui
man tendency to look to the State
march down the city's main street
and its agencies for support In
fulfilling the church's mission"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
The WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
Next: A New Racial Deal

President Kennedy sent to
Congress on Wednesday a broad
legislative program designed TO
extend Negroes civil rights to
end national crisis In race
relations,
The court decisions, political
speeches and street demonstrations
had about run their course. Prog
ress was noted in the drive for
more Negro rights; but 1t was
limited progress. What was needed
was something to make discrimi-
nation not only undesirable but
also against the law. Last week
President Kennedy moved to
provide this.
1t was true that something like
80 States had laws against
racial discrimination The Federal
Government itself had some. But
none of these were sufficiently
effective. There was some pending
legislation introduced by the adj
ministration as early as last
February but it hadn't been acted
on. 1t was perfectly apparent from
everything that had happened in
recent weeks-from the thou
sands Of incidents and the millions
of words-that the country was
ready to take the step Ito insure
the blessings of liberty for all
Americans and their posterity-
not merely for reasons of economic
efficiency, world diplomacy and
domestic tranquility-but, above
all. because 1t is right"
The step was actually contained
in two documents: q message to
Congress on the whole racial
situation by President Kennedy
and q draft Of new legislation
which went to both House and
Senate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Blunt Warning

The Chinese then issued this
blunt warning:
IF the leading group In any
party adopts q non-revolutionary
line and converts 1t into q re-
formist party, then Marxist-
Leninists inside and outside the
party will replace 1t and lead the
people in making revolution"
In listing rs points they want
brought UP for discussion In July,
as a prelude TO q meeting Of all
national Communist parties, the
Chinese denounced certain per-
sons" for attacking the "cult Of
the individual; criticized the So
Wet plan to build a party of
the entire people" rather than
one Of the preletariat; scored So
y Continued on Page Big
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
A Savage Attack

And well they might have, be-
cause three days before last Tues
days opening session, Pan Tzu-
II, the Chinese Ambassador in
Moscow, delivered TO the Central
Committee a long and bitter letter
In which the Chinese Communist
leadership attacked the Soviet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Elsewhere

Meanwhile. trouble In trouble
spots continued.
In Danville. Va. three-day
truce was broken. Mayor Julian
r. Stinsons office announced
that the first public school de-
segregation in the city had been
approved for next fall. Within
minutes, 20 Negroes started q
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-01-10

poinfed by The Mayor and Council PLANNING COMMISSION
6ORs; CIVIC CENTER COMMISSION; SISTER CITY COMMITTEE;
AN RENEWAL ADVISORY COUNCIL; HOUSING AUTHORITY and
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-02-21

MARCH 8 Sat, Annual,
Hyattstown Firemen's Supper.
Turkey, country ham, oyster at
the Hyattstown Fire Hall begin,
ming at 3 pm. Adults $780,
children 75c. Benefit Hyatts-i
town Volunteer Fire Depart,
ment. 6t-3-7i
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-02-21

LB.M. ELECTRIC Typewriter,
6 months old, sacrifice due to
closing of office. Original cost
over $500; sacrifice $3.50. Call
726-1522.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-02-21
MARKET BASKET SB

MEATS-U.S.CHOICE,F Freezer.
Easy Budget plan on approved
credit. COUNTRY BOY MAR
KET. 949-1933.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-02-21
REAL ESTATE, SALE IS AUTOMOBILES n

WILLYS JEEP Station WAGON
Rugged transportation. Fam
Gus for its ability in mud and
snow. An economical operating
vehicle. Ready for the road.
$195. MILLER-FIELDS BUICK
used car lot. 2 blocks north Of
Congressional Shopping Plaza.
See r. L. (Dick) Terrell. Phone
Pc. 2-6207. Open SO, except
Saturday. -
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-02-21

1858 MERCURY door sedan,
radio, heater, automatic trans
mission, very good condition, l
owner Best offer over $3.50.
Call GA. 4-5677.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-02-21

MARCH 16th-Ham e. oyster
Dinner. To be served at the
Hunting Hill Methodist Church.
Fellowship Hall. Adults, Si.75;
Children, 81. in"s