davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-07
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. Is San Simeon, the
home of william Randolph
Hearst, open to the public?
". j.
A. Yes. The estate of the
late newspaper publisher is
now a State Historical Monu-
ment of California, open year.
around. The mansion is an
enormous HiSpano-Moorish
castle called La Casa Grande
and contains an estimated
$50 million in art treasures
in addition to numerous an
tiques. Some of the rooms
were taken in their entirety
from palaces and famous
buildings. The grounds over
look the Pacific Ocean.
Hearst began building San
Simeon in 1919, and when he
died in 1851, he considered
the mansion still unfinished.
@. What was second
mourning" worn by widows
years ago?-C. T.
A. At the end of one year
of deep mourning" a widow
might relinquish her crepe
trimmed black dress and
crepe bonnet with long veil
and substitute a second
mourning" costume. This,
too, was black-costumes of
crepe de chine, lustreleSs silk,
etc., with hats and bonnets
garnished with black ribbon,
black flowers, black chiffon,
and dull jet ornaments. After
six months of this, white
and lilac touches were added
to the costume if the widow
intended to leave off MOURN
ing in due time, and at the
end of the second year she
could with propriety resume
the wearing of colors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-07

THE ANATOMY OF IN
CURRY, Philosophical Stud
les in the Theory of Science
by Israel Scheffler. (Borzoi
Books in the Philosophy of
Science, Sidney Morgenbes-
ser: General Editor.) 1872
pp., Alfred A. Knopf., $685..
The influence of scientific
philosophy is widening steadi-
ly as more and more people
come to understand that ira
ditional philosophical ap-
proacheS to modern life and
the modern condition do not
supply the answer we seek.
Indeed, many philosophers Of
science Cor scientific philoSo-
phers) would claim that the
traditional PHILOSOPHERS do not
even ask meaningful and
valid questions.
In the past, men like Ryle,
Carnap and Frank have
brought out books about mod
ern logic and the philosophy
of science that the non-scien-
fist can hope to understand.
But the field, like all others,
moves. The older books tend
to become outmoded, and the
appearance of a solid, new
work is an important event.
Fundamental Problems
In the preface to "The Anat-
Omy of Inquiry" Israel
Scheffler announces that 81
have tried, in this book, to in
troduce the reader to fun
damental profile m s." the
problems involving "a clear
and general account of Scien-
tific explanation, of the inteli-
gibility of scientific principles,
and Of the conformation be-
tween principles and expe-
rience."
The publishers jacket, fol-
lowing the preface, says, "It
(the book introduces the
reader to fundamental prob
lens of the subject. ;"
Plainly, nobody looking for
SURGE a S e from thought is
going to pick up "The Anato-
my Of Inquiry" But consider
ing that Knopf is not a techni-
cal publisher, the reader is
likely to assume that given
reasonable intelligence, edu-
cation, and dilig en- C e, he
ought to be able to understand
at least the main lines of
Prof. Scheffler'S thought.
But he will be wrong. The
implied claim Of the preface
is not redeemed.
For the Specialist
Only a few pages have
passed before Prof. Scheffler
is involved in a technical dis
pute with some of his profes-
sional colleagues. Only a few
pages have passed b e fore
Prof. Scheffler begins to state
his argument in s y m b o lie
notation. A few of these SYM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-07

To have put him in jail in
civil contempt, without a
jury, and keep him tn ere
would have been both arbi-
trary and futile. In another
case it might be a solution to
cite the defendant for civil
contempt and require him to
stand C o m m tt e d until he
gave assurances that he
would comply in the future.
The Governors assurances,
however, had proved unrelia-
BILE. Counse ! had promised
compliance but later they
withdrew the assurance. Still
later, the Governor an
nounced that he would de-
eide for himself whether to
comply with the court order.
This is not a sectional
problem. The issue is present
in all criminal contempt cas-
es, raising problems of future
compliance with a continuing
decree, in all parts of the
country. Where a decree or
derS a man to refrain from
interfering with the constitu-
tional rights of another at
any time in the future, is
there any effective way of
assuring compliance, short of
locking the d efendant up
permanently, except to make
it clear that each violation of
the rights will be swiftly and
surely punished?
2. The Fe deral Govern
ment, in these difficulties,
apparently strove to make it
plain that there is no alter
native to compliance with
the final d ecisions of the
fe deral courts. When that
principle is respected, there
is no need for Federal troops.
If the courts are denied the
power of effective enforce
ment. by permitting juries to
veto unpopular d ecrees by
barring the only effective
method of enforcement, will
not constitutional rig h t S
either have to be protected
by the Executive through the
use of force, or else sacrificed
to local popular feeling?
3. Criminal contempt is
not controlled solely by one
judge or one court. Even the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-07
WATCHING THE WORLD
Foreisn Correspondent Of The Star
PIotitudes and Changes in NATO
By CROSBY S. NOYE.

PARASITIC annual de-
bate in NATo, marked by
the arrival here Of parlia-
mentary leaders from Is
countries. is off to q distress
ingly traditional start.
Political leaders like Kirk
o. Striker are back at their
old stand preaching unity
and the golden rule, Of CO.
operation between the United
States and Europe. There are
the usual warnings that, de-
tente or no detente, Russia is
not to be trusted.
The military are on hand,
too, in the prestigious person
Of Lyman Lemnitzer saying
what they have all been
saying for years:
NATo is good but not good
enough.
Everyone must work har-
der. And anybody-whether
he lives in Washington or
PariS-who thinks that Eu-
rope can be militarily secure
without a solid United States
military contribution should
have his head examined.
This is all old stuff-true
enough as far as it goes and
perhaps worth repeating still
once more in view of the fore
bodings inspired by French
President de Gaulle.
Anticipatory Response
The leaders Of NATO feel
inStinctively that the alliance
is in for a drastic revision of
concept and form-if not
now. then within a few years.
They are responding defen-
sively to an anticipated at
tack before the attack has
been launched,
The only trouble with
these well-worn platitudeS is
that they have very little
bearing on the real preoccu-
pationS Of the NATO powers
today, which are still not the
subject of polite public con-
versation. These are the
growing neutralism of Eu-
rope and the poSsibility-real
or imagined-of q renaissant
isolationism In the Unite d
States.
These things, in turn, can
not be discussed with much
profit unless there is some
agreement on definitions.
Neutralism to different peo-
pie m e ans many different
things. Isolationism can take
many different forms. Unless
the terms of reference can be
settled beforehand, any d.
alogue on these question Is
likely to be quite meaning
less.
It would be better, per-
haps. to start with a careful
examination Of the funda-
mental changes that have TAX
en- place in NATO within the
last is years. 1t is quite use
less to pretend that any al
lance between nations is
founded on etern a ! truths.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08

"ridiculously low" starting with
the first of four. civilizations by
an Air Force team.
While acknowledging that he
had no formal cost data to back
up his decision, the Secretary
said he felt and still feels that
he had enough information "tc
make a judgment based upor
the degree of background, ex-
perience and advice that J
had"
els this, Mr.. Secretary
characteristic of the way you
make decisions down there with
respect to weapons systems anc
other matters Of procurement
Senator Mcclellan asked.
The following exchange en-.
sued:
Zuckert-Senator, I happier
to be quite proud Of my part ir
this, and
McClellan-Just answer thu
question.
Zuckert-And I think THU
was an extremely thorough
evaluation, much more tho
rough in terms of the scope anC
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08

usual way" Mr.. Zuckert said
he considered the analysis Of
cost in the case as sufficient
to determine what needed to
be determined.
THAT was that the Boeing
proposal was unrealistic." he
added, land that we should
come UP in two years from now
when the production costs
really mattered. we would come
up facing a situation when we
would really be in trouble, be-
cause that is when the payoff
would come"
Throughout several days Of
testimony Mr.. Zuckert has en-
phasized that the Pentagon has
only signed a letter contract
for research and development
on the Tx plane. He has
pointed out that the contract
for production, estimated to be
IS to 80 per cent Of the multi
billion program, still must be
signed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08

detail, depth. than any I have
been associated with.
McClellan--. If you had
doubts as to whether either
contractor would be able to per-
form on the basis Of Their
proposals, would you inquire
and give them an opportunity
to explain how they might be
able to meet their offerP
zuckert-I don't think so, no
sir. :.
cClellan-Don't you think
that you should, representing
the government interests2
Didn't See Obligation
zuckert-No. sir don't
think as Secretary I was OBJ
ligated to go to the contractor
The Secretary said that the
contractors figures were only
an estimate and, he added
this is something that you arr
not going to argue with hin
profitably."
Under questioning by Senator
jackson, who said the cost mat.
! ter was handled Gin a very un'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08

in my view. think this is one
of them"
He pointed out that the
Tx is now "seven months
down the research and develop
ment program" under the
contract awarded to General
Dynamics last November.
Senator Mcclellan questioned
whether there would be any
loss of time. He pointed out
that Boeing had agreed to build
two Tx prototype planes at
a cost of 500 million.
Mr.. Zuckert suggested that
Senator Mcclellan had over
simplified what could be OBJ
tanned out Of the prototype
method and added:
you will certainly not de-
termine quickly, automatically,
which is the better plane be-
cause we have found out that
you don't learn about a weapon
system until you have used it.
We found this out to our sor-
row."
Senator Mcclellan made the
suggestion after he and Sen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08
BY CECIL HOLLAND
star staff Writer

Chairman Mcclellan of the
Senate subcommittee investi-
eating the Tx warplane con-
troversy has renewed his sug-
gestion for the production of
prototypes of the new fighter
aircraft by two competing COM
panies.
He said such a competition
between the General Dynamics
Corp, which won the multi-bil-
lion dollar contract and the
Boeing Aircraft Co., which lost
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08

ator jackson, Democrat of
Washington, had taken MIR.
Zuckert to task for not having
made a greater effort to find
out if Boeing submitted an UNI
realistically low proposal for
producing the Tx.
They said Mr.. Zuckert should
have checked back with the
company to see If it could
justify its cost figures. SEN
ator Mcclellan said he felt Mr.,
zuckert had used Just "a rough
Judgment"
Secretary Disagreed
Mr.. zuckert, disagreeing, in
sisted that his decision was
based on a thorough evaluation
not only Of costs but other
factors.
"You get, in this business, q
feel for what things cost" the
Secretary said.
Mr.. zuckert, who has testi-
fled that he was subjected tc
no outside influence, insisted ir
the face Of critical questioning
that Boeing's proposal wa:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08
Mcclellan REEVES Plea
For Two Tx Prototypes

out, would insure the country's
getting the best Tx plane,
Senator Mcclellan revived his
proposal during the Senate
Investigations subcommittee
questioning of Air Force Secre-
tary Zuckert at a closed hear
ing yesterday afternoon. A
transcript of the testimony was
made available this morning.
bucket Won't Oppose
Mr.. Zuckert said he had not
given detailed consideration to
the proposal. While suggesting
some difficulties in such a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-08

procedure at this time, he added
that II certainly don't want to
get frontal on this issue"
The Secretary, who was re-
called for more testimony to-
day, insisted, however, that II
would delay production Of the
fighter-bomber plane intended
for use by both the Air Force
and Navy.
Time Loss Argued
Mr.. Zuckert acknowledged
the advantages of the proto-
type procedure in some situa-
tons, but emphasized: II DOM
Evening star., 1963-05-05
:::::; s.: &; =; !: ;''''' 1888
:::::; g.: &; e.: ;::''' 34.88
. Fashionable fIvted shGps
Q Dishwasher sufe, oVeDpFOofl

. Fashionable fIUted shGpO
Q Dishwasher sGfes oveHPTOofI
A. S3-pe. Set includes co.: dinner pI1tes,
,breod-ond buffers, cereol-soUps, fruits, cups,
soueers and co.: platter, vegetable dish,
covered sugar and creomer.
3. e3-pe. Set includes II co.: dinner plates,
solods, breod-ond-butters, cups, sovcers,
fruits, coupe soups and J. co.: med. pIotfer,
= large pIotter, covered sugar, creomer; gravy
boat, pickle dish and vegetable dishes.
The Hsehf ce.-chinu-AH S Stores
Evening star., 1963-05-05

shielding the crew for re-
entry.
Other NASA centers are tack
ling similar programs for the
space agency.
Prospective contractors for
the Mars ship were warned:
"It can be assumed that the
first complete system flight
with all the modules will be an
actual Mars space flight"
Mr.. Hammock said that at
least four Of the six crew men,
bers would be only passengers
on the flight.
Living in the landing module
on Mars would be easier than
living in a station on the moon,
Mr.. Hammock said.
Mars atmosphere contains
all the elements found on earth
in very small amounts. The
module would have equipment
to concentrate and enrich the
concentrations Of oxygen and
water.
Nuclear rockets have been
proposed for the Mars expedi-
ton. However, Mr.. Hammock
said, the Manned Spacecraft
Center plans will use liquid
rocket fuels similar to those
planned for the Apollo moon
flight. This method would not
delay a Mars flight until a
nuclear rocket can be made
safe.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
Impact Of Space
On Schools Eyed
BY the Associated Press

Senator Anderson, Demo-
crat of New Mexico, said yes
terday the Space Committee he
heads will take a close look at
the space programs impact on
United States education.
The Senator noted in a state
ment that the National Aero
nautics and Space Administra-
ton is seeking $50 million in
the year ahead for a wide
range of educational activities.
This is a significant part of
tn etotal Federal program in
education, and we want to know
how 1t affects schools and uni
versities." he commented.
Senator Anderson said COM
mittee members, particularly
Senator Symington, Democrat
Of Missouri, are interested in
how the funds are allocated
and "the quality Of the prod
uct."
Last year NASA provided 100
graduate science and engineer
ing fellowships at 10 universi-
ties, Senator Anderson said.
For the year ahead, it seeks au-
thorization to aid 1850 stu
dents at ITO universities.
Evening star., 1963-05-05

ule," the section Of the ship
fitted Just behind the re-entry
section. This section will be the
home Of the crew during most
Of the flight.
Piggy-Back in Space
A Mars landing ship, weigh
ing 80 tons, will ride piggy
back on the mission module.
This landing module, as 1t is
called, will drop several mem
hers Of the crew to the planets
surface for perhaps 40 days,
The module will serve as a
scientific laboratory and a
launching platform for the
small rocket ship that will
carry the Mars landing crew
back into orbit and to a rem
devious with the mother ship.
Rockets in the rear of the
mother ship, composed Of the
mission module and the Earth
entry module, will blast the
spacecraft crew out Of orbit
around Mars and put them on
the flight path for home.
Schedule Of Trip
D. M. Hammock, assistant
chief Of spacecraft technology
for the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration, said
the proposed trip SCHEDULE is
something like this:
Earth to Mars: 100 days.
Stay on Mars: 40 days.
Return to Earth: 240 days.
The return trip will take
longer because the mission will
begin while Earth and Mars
are approaching each other in
their own orbits around the
sun. While the landing party is
on Mars, the two planets viii
be moving apart.
Mars moves about so million
miles farther from the sun than
does Earth. There are favor
able periods in 1871, 1878, and
1875.
If these become American
space projects, they must be
started in time for the space
craft construction and the re-
search to be completed by the
time Mars and Earth are in
favorable locations.
Mr.. Hammock said the pro-
posed Mars ship could be built
with a minimum Of basic re-
search and development. The
most critical problem will be
Evening star., 1963-05-05

ule," the section of the ship
fitted Just behind the re-entry
section. This section will be the
home Of the crew during most
Of the flight.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
us. Beginning to PIon
Manned Trip to Mars
BY WARREN BURKETT
Special to the Star

HOUSTON, Texas MAY 4 (AP)-Houstons Manned
Spaceca Center has started planning 40Oday trip to the
planet Mars for six astronauts and scientists
They would make the trip in Intersection spaceshp
fitted together in the form Of a triangle.
The center has budgeed $15000 for design study Of the
earth entry modu to be flown the point Of the triangle
Evening star., 1963-05-05
DUcHIN STERLING
SILVER GIFT
ACCESSORIES

Gifts that ore so much oppre-
cioted and so low pricedI Buy
them with PRIDE. for. mother,
for q bride, for your own home.
D. Sterling Console Sticks, 3H2"
high, weighted base, plain
or godrooh.----S.99 pr.
z. Sterling Salt and Pepper
Shakers, 494", closs-Iined,
plain or godroon, S.99 pr.
2. Sterling condelobro, can
be used as console stick.
7h." high, 10" arm spreod
1899 pr.
G. Sterling Salt and Peppers
Smokers, 4sS", gloss-Iined,
plcin'or godroon -A.4e pr.
II. Sterling and crystal petol
coke plate, S" high, ,llN"
diom., sterling bose = $50
I. Sterling and crystal bud
vose, 10" high, sterling
bose----------- 2.ee
J. Sterling console sticks, 4"
high. weighted bose, plain
or godroon-----6.99Pr pr.
Mpriess PIUs Fed. fox
The Heehf Co. -SiIvswore-M S S
Evening star., 1963-05-05
l4-Karat gold initial pins

What? Mothers Day next Sunday? Don't
panic. Pick her gift (from A to u from Chas.
Schwartz & Sons marvellous collection of
initial pins, delcately wrought in l4.karat gold
with handsome Florentine finish. A stunning
gift to be worn as a single initial, or as two or
three-initia monogram, on lapel, pocketbook,
pocket, scarf. Sll each, Federal tax included.
Evening star., 1963-05-05

Wonsn Burkstt Is science writer fO'
the Houston Chronicle.
Evening star., 1963-05-05

This 15.OOO-pound section
would protect the crew men,
bers from heat generated when
they return to Earth at $4,000
m.ph.
Also budgeted Is 100000 for
the study Of equipment needed
for the MARS mission mod
The Glacier reporter., 1963-11-21
Our Mail Box

Mr. Walter S. Wetzel, Chairman
Blackfeet Tribal Business Coun.
ell, Browning, Montana.
Dear Mr.. WetZel:
Your open letter of October 20,
1868 to members of the Tribe
was read with interest.
II is heartening to say the least,
to learn that we are entering
an era of progress and il Is hoped
that such progress shall continue.
However, ii only seems fair
to give credit where credit is
due. From your letter 1t appears
that the present council is re-
spOnsible for all the projects now
in development or in the en-
bryo stage. but you will have to
admit that the groundwork for
all of these activities was per
formed by the tribal council
which went out of office in 1862.
The Sherman settlement was
decided upon by the former coun-
ell and merely wound up by the
present council
The Low-cost Housing Project
was initiated by the former
council and was almost undone
by the present council, had it
not been for the former secre-
tary of the council there would
be no low cost housing.
The ground work for the For
est or Timber enterprise and the
Accelerated Works Program was
also done by the former council
and the mopping up operations
handled by the present council
1t is felt credit for the pilot
ceramics plant should be given
to the Projects Development Of
The Glacier reporter., 1963-11-21

Your Congressman
JIM BATTIN
FROM WASHINGTON

I They have been very thorough
in selecting and training volun'
teers and as a result have an
excellent record in the personal
conduct of their people overseas,
and the reflected good will for
America.
In their own report to Con
gress this year is the following:
Perhaps the best measures OF
anyone's accomplishments are
the unsolicited expressions of
opinions made by observers.
Praise from those who are res
spected: criticism which will help
improve operations; acid com
ments from those who always
carp and. OF course, the unpleas-
ant and irrational statements
from the Communists"
Newspaper cOIumnist Robert
Rourk who once called the Peace
Corps a "crewcut crusade" a
"kiddie corps" and a Brownie
troop of do-goOders" later wrote
column headed Leave the
Peace Corps Alone" In the col
umn he said: But wherever
I've been in the world over the
last six months all I've heard
IS praise for the Peace Corps
solid. helpful work The peace
Corps kids have worked we'll at
what it was announced they
would accomplish a better
The Glacier reporter., 1963-11-21

the number of councilmen should
he reduced as the salaries they
receive and their sundry expens,
es are quite exorbitant compared
TO the brain power we, as mem
hers of the tribe, pay for. The
funds that go into the tribal
treasury are "ours" and not just
for the benefit of the 13 selected
members of the council. IL TINS
council was sincere and wanted
To il could curtail expenses and
SET salaries commensurate with
the work performed by each
councilman.
You will have to admit yours
is a body polite and the further
ance of your own political ca
reers seem to be of more impor'
tance than conservative admin
istration of our tribal affairs
GEORGE WIPPERT, JR
The Glacier reporter., 1963-11-21

flcer for the Bureau of Indian
Affairs, who did all of the re-
search and contact work neces'
sary. Further, the Bureau OF In
dian Affairs and not the Area
Redevelopment Administration
mas appropriated funds for on
the-lob training of trainees for
the ceramics plant.
1t is noted you place the Lower
st. Marys Development lease on
the shoulders of the previous
council, but were you not a mem.
Der OF that council also and did
you not agree with the provisions
OF that lease?
This council can take credit
Tor the many trips by council
men to attend various gatherings
and for which there always ap'
pears to be ample funds.
II Is thoroughly agreed, that
The Glacier reporter., 1963-11-21
Burton Horn Takes
Second Air Force Hitch

SHEPPARD AFB, Tex. - Air.
man First Glass Burton L. Horn
of Browning has re-enliSted in
the United States Air Force for
another term of service follow
ing his selection for career status.
Airman Horn was approved
The Glacier reporter., 1963-11-21

for continuous service by a Sc
lective re-enlistment board The
board considered his personal
character, demonstrated abilities
and job performance. Only those
first-term airmen judged to have
superior career potential are al
lowed to re-enliSt.
The airman, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Lawrence R. Horn.