davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-08-24

Any idea that the nuclear
test ban treaty will be rushed
through the Senate or rati-
fled after q relatively brief
debate appears to have gone
out the window. The Senate
may have q long struggle
over the pact-d espite the
enthusiasm, both public and
official, with which the ne
gotiation and signing Of the
treaty was hailed. The issue
of national security-should
the treaty be ratified as it
standS-has raised its head
sharply as testimony of mill
tary and scientific experts
before the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee, with
members of the Armed Serv-
ices Committee and the Joint
Atomic En- ergy Committee
sitting, has proceeded.
Back In 1919, when Presi-
dent Woodrow Wilson sub
mitted the League of Nations
Covenant to the Senate, after
the close Of World War I, it
appeared d at first blush it
would be ratified by the SEN
ate, along with the Versailles
Treaty, by q considerable
vote. Peace was popular then,
as 1t is today. But a group of
Republican and Democratic
Senators turned their guns
on the covenant in the Sen
ate debate, claiming that Ar
ticle 10 committed this coun-
try to 60 to war in defense of
any of the signatories If they
were attacked-that our in
dependence of action would
be destroye d. The treaty
foundered on the rock of
reservations" The danger,
If there is a danger, to the
test-ban treaty, may lie in
the same direction, not
merely because of opposition
by President Kennedy, but
because, as the administra-
ton sources have said, any
such ch q n ges might cause
the Russian Soviet govern
ment to retreat from its pre-
sent agreement.
Republican From West
In 1919, among the un-
yielding opponents Of the
League venant was a
Republican Senator from a
Western State Gdaho)-Wil-
liam E. Borah, an indepen-
dent always. Today, another
Republican Senator, Barry
Goldwater of Arizona, as in.
dependent in his way as was
Senator Borah, is still to be
convince d that he should
vote for the test-ban treaty
or oppose it. He has voiced
grave doubts about the trea-
ty, on the ground that 1t
might tie our hands in build
ing our national defense. AS
he put 1t uccinctly to this
writer: "Unless I am per-
suaded that the political
gains from this treaty more
than offset possible losses, In
military terms, to our nation
Evening star., 1963-08-24
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
An EXCL Returns From Red China
BY RALPH McGHL

Lowell Skinner by now has
been absorbed into the
anonymity Of his parents
home and community in
Ohio. Behind him are 10
years spent in Communist
China. He was an American
soldier and prisoner of war
In Korea, who, by free will,
renounced his country in
1854 and chose China. His
Chinese wife, semi-paralyzed
by a tubercular brain infec-
ton, was not well enough to
come home with him when
Lowell Skinner abandoned
Chinese communism and, dis
illusioned, returned home. His
country received him-United
States citizenship is not with
out resiliency.
Skinner was one Of 81 who
stayed" Nine remain One
has moved from Communist
China to Communist Poland.
Five work in factories. Three
have office jobs. Skinner says
two more are about to come
home" The fact is that Com
munist China has no further
use for them. Their useful
ness ended when they, as
American soldiers, publicly,
before television and news
reel cameras, denounced and
renounced their native land
and climbed into trucks to
begin their journey to China.
The propaganda value, at
that moment. was important
to the Chinese.
Reasons for Returning
Skinner says lack Of indi-
vidual freedom In China was
the dominant reason for his
decision to reverse his choice
Of 10 years ago. But, he says,
1t was more than that. A
man can learn a lot in 10
years - including the most
difficult Of all things. q
knowledge of self.
An excellent research Job
was done and published, "21
Who Stayed" by an able re-
porter, Virginia Paisley. OF the
Fl young Americans who dra-
matically chose Chinese COM
munism, all but one were
brought UP In typical
United States towns and ru-
raj communities. What edu-
cation they had was in local
schools. OF the 81, three were
Negroes, the rest white. Six
teen we're Protestants Of var
ious denominations. -Four were
Roman Catholics, one a Greek
Catholic. None was a Jew.
All but one were native born.
The Paisley research re-
vealed that Skinner was re-
membered by neighbors as
q boy who never smiled. He
was the apple Of his mothers
eye. His father, q plasterer.
was q veteran Of the first
World War. The parents did
Evening star., 1963-08-24
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condenSa-
tion. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied by self - addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1963-08-24

everything they could for
their children.
In school Lowell SINNERS
10. was average, his work
good" The only teacher who
remembered him called him
a poker face" - the child
who never smiled. He was
never chosen by the other
children to do anything-and
he didn't care if they didn't.
He was a Toner"
Young Skinner entered
high school. He attended 54
days. He became a "drop-out." I"
He said it was too hard for
him. He did odd jobs, pre-.
ferably something to do with
tools or machines. He was 10
when he enlisted, on August
16, 1949. He had to eat ba-
nanas to attain the necessary
weight. He was with the First
Cavalry Division which went
to Japan. When the Korean
war began In June, 1850, the
division was rushed to Korea.
On July l8 SINNERS division
was in combat. On November
2, he was one of several hun
dred captured
Some of his fellow prison.
ers were surprised when, on
January "a, 1854, Skinner
Joined those who were refus-
ing exchange and determined
to go to China Ito fight for
peace" To some, Skinner
seemed "afraid Of something"
This, in brief, is the back
ground. Skinner is now 80
years old.
Empty Promises
In China he found he did
not have, as promised, op-
portunity to travel or go to
school. He operated a lathe
in a paper factory. He earned
189 yuan per month (about
STD. He developed an ulcer
because Of too. much work,
bad food and nervous exhaus-
ton" His weight dropped
from 1873 pounds to ll8. At
the time Of the 1858 Great
Leap Forward" Skinner says
the work once reached 81
hours. A decline In the work.
er's health produced q reduc-
ton In hours. When he left
he was working q six-day,
eight-hour shift. On the as
set side are acquisition Of
the language. learned the
hard way. and some knowl-
edge Of the country and Gus
toms. Today, he says. there
is more hatred Of Russians
In China than Of Americans.
Those Americans who prate
about lost freedoms might
study Lowell SINNERS story
and conclusions. Americans
Of course, have lost no free
doms. Not q single freedom
has been reduced, much less
lost.
tAn rights Reserves
Evening star., 1963-08-24
Women's Rights

~
I was shocked to read that
A. Philip Randolph, veteran
labor leader and acknowl-
edged leader Of the March
on Washington for Jobs and
Freedom, has accepted an in
vitation to speak at a lunch
con of the National Press
Club on August 26 and that
nine other members of the
march committee including
DR.. Martin Luther King have
been invited to sit on the
platform with him. Surely
Mr.. Randolph is aware of
the notorious policy of segre-
cation and discrimination
against qualified newspaper
women practiced by the Ma
tional Press Club. Not only
are women excluded from
membership; they are per-
mitted to attend only by
sitting in the balcony.
AS one who has been a
victim of both Jim Grow"
and Jane Crow" I can give
expert testimony that both
discrimination solely because
of race and discrimination
solely because Of sex are
equally insulting and do vio-
lence to the human spirit.
1t is as humiliating for a
woman reporter assigned to
cover Mr.. Randolph's speech
to be sent to the balcony as
it would be for Mr.. Randolph
to be sent to the back of the
bus.
The great strength Of the
battle of those Of us who are
Negroes in the United States
has been our universal ap-
peal for the rights Of man.
kind. At this crucial moment
in our struggle, Mr.. Ran
dolph's acceptance to speak
before a professional organi-
zation which ignores and ex-
cludes half of the population
dncluding half Of the Negro
population) can only be con-
strued as a sign that Mr..
Randolph and company are
concerned with the rights Of
Negro men only and not with
the rights Of all people.
1t seems appropriate to
call attention to the fact
that in 1840 william Lloyd
Garrison and Charles Re-
mond, the latter a Negro, re-
fused to be seated as dele
gates to the World Anti
Slavery Convention in Lon
don when they learned that
the women members of the
American delegation would
be excluded and could sit
only in the balcony. Ger
tainly we have a right to ex-
pect nothing less from men
like A. Philip Randolph who
act as spokesmen for human
rights in the twentieth CEN
tury.
PAUL. Murray,
Senior Fellow, Yale Law
School, New Haven, Conn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

Business failures in week end
ed November IA remained I'M
changed from go of the pre-
vious week. A year earlier, they
tOtaled 308.
Martin Marietta Corp. has re-
ceived a $l3-million contract
from the Air Force for installa.
tion Of electronic reconnais.
sance equipment aboard RC-1S5-
B aircraft.
Cities Service Co. has formed
Cities Service TankerS Corp. ia
own and operate its tank ship
file ct previously operated by
several subsidiaries.
American Cyanamid Co. has
arranged to sell its explosives
plant in Springville, Utah, ia
Trojan Powder Co. of Allen
town, Pa. The terms were not
disclosed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
BUSINESS BRIEFS

ended September 80 earned
s., $50, 900 or 90 cents a share VS..
$7,623,OOO or SO cents in 1862
period.
Chris-Craft in 9 months ended
September 80 earned 81, 436, 1903
or $1.N a share VS.. 81 ,48l 1903 or
S1.O8 in 1862 period.
ChgO. & st. Louis r. r. Mick
ell Plate) in 10 months ended
October 81 earned $685. 59 or
sos a share VS.. $7,598, 153 or
$1.82 in 1862 period.
Pet Milk Co. in 6 months end
ed Septic m Der 80 earned
s., 594 ,O86 or SIPS a share VS..
81, IA, 259 or SLIP in 1862 period.
Jantzen, Inc, in year ended
August 81 earned $1,644,643 or
$50 a share VS.. S1,314,379 or
$1.55 in 1862 period.
Royal McBee Corp. in quarter
ended October 81 earned
$463, 900 or Is cents a share VS..
S401 900 or 20 cents in 1862 Pc
riod.
VOrnadO, Inc. in year ended
August 81 earned $4,130,4l2 or
$3.l5 a share VS.. s3,5Ol, 900 or
$2.67 in 1862 period.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

operations to seven additional
Coop markets.
The extension includes units
at Wheaton, Rockville, Piney
Branch road, Takoma Park,
Greenbelt, Falls Church and
Harrington. On a test basis,
discount merchandising was in
troduced previously in super
markets at Penn-Daw, Forest
vile, Potomac and Westminster,
Md.
The Coop organization is ex-
tending the discount policy Of
reduced prices in the belief that
customers will appreciate the
immediate savings although it
may minimize or delay future
patronage refunds.
The refunds were paid for a
number of years and many
customers acquired stock in the
company as a result. Refunds
have not been paid for the last
two years and will not be paid
this year either, General Man.
ager Robert E. Morrow said.
The Coop also operates
pharmacies and service station
adjacent to most of its super
markets.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Trust Officers Urged
To ExpIoin Services

Bank trust departments must
reach aggreSsively for new bust
ness to grow and the best way
to do this is to explain more
clearly the substantial advan-
tages that can be offered to
customers, a leading Baltimore
estate lawyer said here last
night.
Addressing the Fiduciary sec
ton Of the District Bankers
Association at Washington Golf
and Country Club, W. G. McKin-
ney said the general public
should be educated to the tough
problems that must be solved in
settling an estate.
Too many times, an inexperi-
enced member of the family is
named executor and this can
prove much more expensive in
taxes and investments than
under the supervision Of expert
enced trust officers, he pointed
OIIt
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
10 Apartments Planned
BALTIMORE FIRM
TO TAKE OVER
GUARANTY LIFE

Stockholders will be asked
to approve a proposed &C.
QUESTION of Guaranty Life
Insurance Co. Of America,
Washington, by Chesapeake
Life Insurance Co. of Balti-
more, it was announced to-
day by President Leonard
H. Rosenberg of Chesapeake
and President Harry Mer-
kin Of Guaranty Life.
Directors of both COM
panies have approved the
proposed acquisition through
an exchange of stock on the
basis of one share of Ches-
apeake for each two and a
half shares of Guaranty, the
announcement said.
Since its founding seven
years ago, Chesapeake as
sets have risen from $500. 900
to around SIS million and
this will be its first acquiSi-
ton of another cOmpany. II
has $35 million of insurance
in force and is authorized to
do business In IA States. It
recently entered the health
insurance field.
Guaranty has around 50
million of insurance in force
and assets of around $780,
600. Founded in 1858. it is
authorized to operate in
three States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Plant Outlay
Seen BOOMING

NEW YORK (DJ.-BuSineSS
spending for new plants and
machinery, currently climbing
at a leiSurely pace, will mount
sharply in coming months.
That's the nearly unanimous
consensus of some two dozen
economists who closely follow
capital investment trends. Theft
view is buttreSSed by reports
from plant builders and makers
Of machine tools.
Because capital spending is
such an important spur to over
all economic growth, the fore
cast augurs well for continuing
business expansion in 1864 and
perhaps beyond.
Plant and equipment spending
is already on the rise. Govern
ment estimates put fully e a r
1868 OUTLAWS at a record 1891
billion, nearly S per cent higher
than last year. And a recent
survey of b u sin e m e n by
M c G Will Publishing Co.
places capital expenditures next
year 4 per cent above the eSti-
mated 1868 level.
But many analysts forecast
much sleeper gains. "We're in
clined to look for a rise Of at
least 8 per cent in capital out
lays in 1884," says Norris John
son, senior vice president and
economist of First National City
Bank of New York.
Business activity has moved
up to the point where it can trip
off a real acceleration of plant
and equipment expenditures, :"
says Paul McCracken, an eco
Monies professor at the Univer-
Sity Of Michigan. 81 don't think
a 10 per cent increase next year
is out of line at ALL"
A gain Of 10 per cent would be
sharper than any yearly rise
since the 1855 capital spending
boom when OUTLAWS swelled q
per cent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
NO ONE ACCEPTS BLAME
Nations Housewives Pay
More as Sugar Price Rises

peaked at 1888 in June, was
only at 1874 in October.
The United States eats up
more sugar than it grows.
Thus, it has to depend heavily
on overseas sources. Under the
law as it stood for many years,
the Government passed out i'm
port quotas to sugar-producing
countries. That gave it a guar
anteed supply, and stable pric-
es, and made it unnecessary for
the United States to 60 out bid
ding for sugar on the world
market.
But when Cuba went Red, the
United States took away its quo
ia. Rather than pass this out to
other nations, the Government
decided to protect" the quota
until the time it could be given
back to a friendher Cuba. So,
Cuba's share of Americas sup
plies, under the 1862 law, is to
be bought on the world market.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

kind we had in May" says a
Government price analyst, re-
ferring to a sharp climb in pric-
es that touched off a furry Of
household and industrial hoard
ing last spring.
So far, the current climb in
price hasn't hit the peaks
reached earlier. The Govern
ment's index of wholesale pric-
es for raw sugar hit a peak Of
174.6 Chats 74.6 per cent higher
than the 1888 average) last
May, but in October stood only
at 1865. The index of refined
sugar wholesale prices, which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

five-pound bag Of sugar costs 70
cents-a dime more than Just a
month ago.
That's true across the coun-
try, Government statistics re-
veal. Pressed upward by 0cto-
Der increases in wholesale pric-
es Of 26.2 per cent for raw su-
gar and 15.4 per cent for re-
fined, retail prices generally
up. Labor Department
figures due out in a few days
will show just how much.
But the food stores insist they
aren't at fault, and that they
are making no more money
from 79-cent sugar than they
did from 69-cent sugar.
They are now paying 1851 at
the refinery for a bundle of IL
five-pound bags, and that's up
from $7.53 in early October.
In turn, the refiners claim
they have always worked to
keep sugar prices down, but
that their efforts are frustrated
by what they must pay for raw
sugar. Starting from a low of
61z cents a pound in late Au-
gust, raw sugar prices climbed
up to 1O1z cents a pound in late
October.
Raw sugar is coStler now, the
refinerS argue, because Govern
ment policy has tied the United
States sugar m arket to the
world market, and there's a
worldwide shortage of supply
that holds prices up.
And the Government says the
global shortage can be blamed
on poor weather, which hurt
Russian and European sugar
beet crops, and Hurricane Flo
ra, which hurt Cuba's cane
crop. The Castro regime itself
has also caused a decline in Gu
ban sugar output.
Whatever the weather from
now on, there's no immediate
prospect Of relief for the sugar
shopper, almost all e experts
agree.
This is just the start of an.
other upsurge in price of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Publishers Co. Lists
improved EARNINGS

Publishers Co. of Washington
had net sales of $11, 1870, SIS and
net income of SIS, 286 or 7 cents
a share after taxes in rine
months ended September 80,
President Charles W. Lockyer
reported.
No comparable figures for a
year ago were available, he
said. improvement in income
started early this year, con-
tinued in the third quarter and
further gains are expected in
the final 1868 quarter, he de-
clared.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

agreement with the Weaver
firm.
The initial financing will in
clude $13.5 million for these
projects: Country Club Towers
and Kings Gardens in Arlington
and Fairfax counties, Va; Elton
Towers in downtown Washing
ton; and Brae Brooke Village,
Bonnie View Village and Lands
downe Village in Prince
Georges County. Md.
Construction already is under
way on Country Club and Elton
Towers. The formal cloSings of
these two loans, aggregating
$S,725,OOO. were completed re-
Gently.
These are in the first group
of loans in the overall transac-
ton which, when completed,
will include two high-rise apart
ment buildings in downtown
Washington and Arlington, Va,
five village-size garden apart
ment projects in Prince Georges
County and three garden apart
ment projects in Fairfax County.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Affiliate
Seek3-1 Split,
Raise Dividend

Directors of American Secu-
rity & Trust Co. and its aft
late, American Security Corp,
will ask stockholders to ap-
prove increases in their shares
to permit a 3-for-1 stock split, it
was announced by Robert C.
Baker, president and board
chairman, last night.
Both boards also increased
dividend rates in meetings late
yesterday. The banks quar-
terly dividend was raised to
80 cents a share from rs cents
paid in three previous quar-
tiers and the corporations year.
end dividend was increased to
81 cents a snare, compared
with Is cents a year ago.
Dividends of the bank and
the corporation will be paid
December q to stockholders of
record at the close December
10 in both cases.
Stockholders will vote on the
proposed increase in shares at
the annual meeting of both or
CARNATIONS on January 81. The
bank meeting will be followed
by the corporations session.
A share of the bank is
attached to each share of the
corporation for trading as units.
Under the directors proposals,
stockholders of each will be
asked to increase the present
outstanding $4,000 shares to
,y8O, OOO SnareS.
If the stock increases are
improved, an additional 1920
900 units, each consisting of a
bank share and a corporation
share, would be issued.
Earnings of both the bank
and corporation have shown
impressive increases in the last
year and the price of units has
had a spectacular rise on the
over-the-counter market, here
and in New York.
After recording a high bid
of Sis per unit and a low bid
of $50 on the counter market
in 1862, the bid for units stooC
at $1O8 and the asked price al
Sis at the years close. 1t ha:
climbed sharply this year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Capitol Bank Debts
Set New Records

Washington bank d e bits in
! both October and the first 10
months of this year set new all
time records for those periods,
Federal Reserve Board data
I showed today.
October debts Of
/ $3,257 ,423, 900 were up II per
scent from $2,917,576, 900 in 0cto-
! Der last year. Ten months deb
its Of $27, 855, 2Ol, 900 were los
per cent ahead of SIS, 228, 579 900
a year ago.
Representing Withdrawals
from demand deposits, the debit
totals exclud e interbank and
Government accounts. They are
regarded as a leading barome-
ter Of general business activity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Bank Votes Bonus
And Dividends

Directors Of the Bank Of Com
merce have declared the usual
quarterly dividend of So a share
and a special dividend Of $1.5O a
share, President John Monk an
nomced today.
They also authorized the ira
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Earnings

National Airlines in 4 months
ended 0ctober 81 earned
81 ,O55 900 or 62 cents a share VS..
So, 097 900 or $l.67 a share in
1862 period.
Curtiss-Wright in 9 months
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
$50 Million Financing
Set Up by Weaver Bros.
By DONALD B. HADLEY
Star Financial Editor

Weaver Bros, Washington investment banking firm today
announced completion Of arrangements for $50 million Of nanc
ing for 10 large apartment projects to be started before the end
of 1864 by L. G. Melzer and L. Zuckerman, trading the
Metro Investment and Development Co.
The final settlement Of negotiations included management
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
Coop Firm Extends
Discount PYooYom

Greenbelt Consumer Services,
Inc, operator Of II Supermar-
kets in the Washington Metro
politan Area, today announced
extension Of its new discount
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20
By LYLE DENNISTON
Star Business Writer

Housewives here and the country paying for
bag of sugar. and yet there's to take the blame
The grocers the renes the reners blame the Gov
eminent, and the Government bameS the weather.
Whatever the cause the effect is clear sampng of large
food stores in the Washington area showed YESTERDAY that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

ditional Christmas bonus for all
members of the bank staff.
The dividend will be paid De-
cember 81 to stockholders of
record December 20.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

STANDARD PONTIAC, INC
TBS BALTIMORE AVENUE
COLLEGE PARK, ND.
WILSON PONTIAC, INC.
1925 GEORGIA AVENUE
SILVER SPRING, ND.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-20

aplanned coincidence for you. 1t just
came. And now that we've wiped out
your last possible excuse for not buy
ing Pontiac LeMans, how about it7
Wide Track Pontiac LeMans