davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
Get All of Them Out

AS far as 1t goes, 1t Is welcome news
that Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin has
publicly reaffirmed Premier Khru-
shchev'S promise to withdraw several
thousand" Russian troops from Cuba by
the end Of the week. But what is meant
by "several"?-Four? Five? Six? The
Kremlin remains altogether vague on
the subject, and the Americas therefore
have reason to feel continuing sense
of deep concern.
After all, since there are at present
about $1,000 Soviet soldiers and tech
nicians In Cuba, the withdrawal of, say,
5000 would still leave the Kremlin with
a relatively formidable force on the
small captive island. And why should
such force be maintained there? One
plausible explanation is that 1t could
be used effectively in a long-term pro-
gram designed to train traitorous Latins
to carry out sabotage, subverSion and
guerrilla warfare against their native
countries-a program with the ultimate
objective Of commanding the hemis-
phere. And another explanation is that
the force could be put into swift action
to smash any possible popular uprising
against Fidel Castro'S tyranny.
1t is because of these and kindred
considerations that Defense Secretary
Mcnamara has warned Moscow that the
United States will never tolerate Russian
combat operations in the Americas.
And for the same reasons Secretary Rusk
has declared that so long as there is a
Soviet military presence" in Cuba, and
so long as a MarxiSt-Leninist situation
exists there, there will be unfinished
business" in the Western Hemisphere.
Certainly, even If there is pullout this
week Of 5000 or so of the Kremlin'S
troops, the basic menace will still re-
MANA menace grave enough to call
for the closest possible inter-American
cooperation to contain and counter
it, politically, economically and other
wise.
This prospect will change for the
better only when, as and If the men of
the Kremlin decide to remove from Cuba
all their troops and arms. Clearly, unless
and until that decision is made, there
will be precious little chance of easing
international tension and promoting a
trustworthy peace.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
Justice for All

In a statement last week accom-
panying his bill to clarity the Mallory
rule, Senator Erwin of North Carolina
brought this matter into true focus.
In approving Federal Rule 5-a, on
which the Supreme Courts Mallory
decision rests, Congress, according to
Senator Erwin, did not intend that this
should be seized upon as a means of
excluding voluntary confessions at the
trial Of criminals. The court, in other
words, misinterpreted the intent of
Congress in its Mallory decision, and
this was carried to fantastic extreme
by the United States Court of Appeals
last fall in its Killough decision.
Senator Ervin'S bill, in which he
was Joined by Senators Eastland, john
ston, Mcclellan and Byrd Of Virginia,
would remedy this situation by pro-
viding that confession, If voluntary,
can be offered as evidence in any
criminal proceeding. OF course, an in
voluntary confession could not be used.
But there was no claim in either NAL
lory or Killough that the excluded con-
feSSion was involuntary or coerced.
The late Justice Cardozo was one
Of the most respected judges to serve
on the Supreme Court, and, in a diff
ferent case, he carefully summed up
the issue involved here His words, as
quoted by Senator Erwin, we're: Justice,
though due the accused, is due to the
accuser also. The concept of fairness
must not be strained till 1t is narrowed
to filament. We are to keep the
balance true"
The purpose of the Erwin bill is to
restore balance which has been tipped
unduly in favor Of the accused and
against the public. We are confident
that the measure will pass If it can be
brought to vote. The threat to it lies
in the possibility Of a resort to fill
clustering tactics-not in any reasonable
Interpretation of Congressional intent
or in any rational concept of equal
justice for all.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
A Start for Recreation

Time is running out on the oppor-
tunity to expand the country's unde-
veloped land for outdoor recreation.
Interior Secretary Udall did not over
state the case when he said that, in
a real sense, present bills in Congress
represent "the last large work on con-
Servation that can be done in this
country"
No one in or out of Congress, who
loves the forests, lakes and mountains,
debates the need for machinery for
safeguarding and setting aside large
sections to be enjoyed by everyone. One
needs but to consider the rapid en-
croachment of urbanization to realize
that delay can lead only to sad reflec-
ton, some day, on what might have
been.
Congress now has the means of
creating a system for expansion Of
outdoor areas to be used by the public
One OF the several methods would be
a fee for those who use the parks and
forests. This would be In the form Of
50 or So automobile stickers, emitting
passengers to visit any park or forest
during the year. Mr.. Udall thinks this
could be promoted as "a sort Of pa
triotic conservation" idea, and we agree.
Receipts from the sales would go into
a special fund, to be augmented by
Federal-State moneys, for purchasing
additional recreation lands, especially
near urban areas.
Tomorrow the Senate will vote on
the first phase Of the recreation pro-
gram, bill outlining the duties of the
new Bureau of outdoor Recreation. A
vote for this project would be a vote
Of confidence for the recreation ex-
pansion measures which we believe this
country needs and Endorses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
WATCHING THE WORLD
De GouIIe's Veto Not Exclusive
BY CROSBY S. NOYE'
Foreign Correspondent Of The StOr

ism wears off the Common
Market will move forward
both in agriculture and in Q
number of other areas as
well. 1t is In the interest of
all members Of the commu-
nifty that 1t should do so.
And in time these interests
are likely TO be more per-
suasive than empty talk
about French hegemony.
The same thing applies to
the concept Of political or
ganization Of Europe as ex-
pounded by Gen. de Gaulle.
The only real advantage
the general has over his OPP
ponents is that he at least
knows and says what he
wants. Besides this, he has
overwhelming support in
France at a time when most
other key countries In Europe
are going through q shaky
phase Of political transition.
De Gaulle's Views
If his views prevail, how
ever, 1t will not be because
he is in a position to impose
them on anybody. q
1t will be, once again, be-
cause they appear to most
Europeans to be more ac-
ceptable. more reasonable
and more attainable than
rival concepts Of Europe be-
ing championed by other
European leaders. ,.
So far as Americans are
concerned, it is a serious mis-
take to attribute the Euro
pean tendency toward pro-
tectionism or isolationism ex-
clusively to Gen. de Gaulle. p
The general, in fact, has
done no more than to give
eloquent expression to a.
movement toward the indie
pendence or more accur-N
ately the non-dependence-
of Europe. This movement
has powerful support in
many countries and will
most certainly not disappear
with Gen. de Gaulle. II.
In the course Of its devel-
opment so far-including ne
gotiations with British-the
European community has
shown remarkable solidarity.
Its future development will
undoubtedly involve strains
and painful adjustments with
the rest Of the Western alli-
ance.
But to identify these diff
culties with the willfulness
of a single man is simply to
overlook the truth. 7.a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
On Cutting Defense

The country is looking forward to
the detailed list Of proposed budget cuts
that Republican leaders have promised
TO make public. Particularly 1t wants to
see how they would reduce the record
breaking $50-billion defense budget No
one wishes to spend that much money
unless 1t is absolutely necessary.
The Republican congressional lead
ers must know, however, that their
recommendations will have to be spe-
cific, detailed and thoroughly justified
by an analysis Of defense needs. Any
thing less will be ignored or will be
criticized as irresponsible.
Parties out of power, both Repub-
lican and Democratic, have tried in the
past to cut defense spending with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
Riots Here and There

Much has been made Of the
Thanksgiving riot in WASH
ington during a high school
championship game last
year.
Unless we be too disturbed,
about two weeks ago, a sim
liar riot occurred between
the two outstanding colleges
in Texas, where the cream
of its youth was concerned.
This required all the law en-
forcement officers in the area
to put down this riot. I am
sure the Governor Of Texas
will soon send for Mr.. Mac
Carthy to advise him about
this shameful matter. The
treatment, too / am advised
will be handled by one Of our
experts in this area.
f. Y. williams, MD.
Head, Department Of
Neurology and Psychia,
Howard University.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
Sad Commentary

II Is a pretty sad COM
mentary when you have an
organization like CORE
picketing the private resi-
dence Of someone who is as
generous TO all races and
creeds as is Mr. Cafritz.
The ironic part Of II all
was that even that night
he was trying to raise money
for a charitable endeavor.
The picketing could have
been done at his office, II it
had to be done at all.
At the time the Commits
sioners were picketed, I felt
the same way. This could
have been done at the Dis
trict Building and not en-
barrass their family and
neighbors.
Luna Diamond.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
PARIS:

PARIS:
In the last few weeks there
has been a good deal Of
historical talk-much of It
in the American press-about
the way Gen. Charles de
Gaulle threatens to impose"
his own peculiar concepts on
the rest Of Europe.
Ever since the French Pres
ident's veto of Britain's
entry into the Common Mar
ket, the idea of French
hegemony" has been loudly
played up by his critics.
Gen. de Gaulle, 1t is
charged, seeks an isolationist
and protectionist Europe.
They argue that unless fright
thinking" members Of the
European community are
able to stop him, by stop
ping further development of
the Common Market, Europe
will be permanently cast in
the Gaullist mold.
What remains quite unex-
planned, however, is how the
will of one country or one
man can in fact be imposed
on a community in which all
major decisions must be
unanimous.
In excluding Britain, Gen.
de Gaulle exercised a right
Of veto which is shared by
all other members.
1t is preposterous to sug-
gest this right of veto some
how subjects Europe to
French domination.
Take for example the ques-
ton Of forthcoming negotia-
tons to work out a common
agricultural policy for the
community.
Hope Of the French
The French, to be sure,
hope the negotiations will
take place and that an agree
ment will be reached. They
also know that If an agree
ment is reached it will not
simply be because they want
1t but because all five other
members of the community
want it as well.
Any resulting agreement
cannot be favorable to
French agriculture at the ex-
pense Of any other member
of the community. And it can
be no more "protectionist
and isolationist" than the
other Common Market mem
bers agree that it should be.
Chances are that when the
present mood of obstruction
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11

publishing the articles about
the cruelties visited upon de-
fenseless dogs, cats and rab-
bits in Prince William
County. I am hopeful that as
more and more people are
made aware of the terrible
conditions suffered by many
poor animals before they
reach medical research labo-
ratories, and during their
Lives" there, that Congress
will act to provide humane
laws, regulations and safe
guards so that they will at
all times be under Federal
protection.
Mrs. Paul HalIet.
Persons affiliated with hu-
name societies are aware
that entirely too many ami
NAL depotS exist with such
distressingly inadequate IA
cilities that animals in great
numbers perish through star
walton. filth, fright, and
disease.
Why were the outstanding"
men who were associated
with this animal depot not
more interested in the well
fare Of the very animals
which were the source of
their income2 1t is unfortu-
nate that kindness and de-
cency cannot be legislated
but great gratitude is due
the humane societies and
other dedicated animal well
fare workers who accomplish
so much with so little.
Grace C. Hamrick.
The findings of hundreds
of dead dogs and cats in
open trenches was shocking
to say the least! There is
no justifiable excuse for this
gross negligence.
This cruel negligence of
animals is not an isolated
case. 1t is sad enough that
animals many pets snatched
from the streets or sold
from public pounds must be
subjected to pain and torture
at the hands Of vivisection-
lists and researchers ain the
name Of science for the bet
terment Of mankind" let
alone to have to exist and
die in such appalling condi-
tions.
There was an attempt in
the last Congress to curb
these abuses in research
through legislation intro
duced as the Moulder Bill. It
died before coming to a vote,
but 1t is badly needed!
Mrs. Russell Jewert.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
A BOOK FOR TODAY
An Anthology of MoreIs and Horrors
BY DONALD MINTZ

Whenever I hear Horatio
speak, I cannot contemplate
the dew on tabled hills Of q
18th century Denmark. !
Instead the hills are hard
with snow; they are Iowa ,
hills. with the last tufts Of,
prairie grass bent beneath
their sleet In the COW pas
lures"
EVE NE WI Os
TOUCHES on the matter is
against germ-free tales, pseu-
do-stories contrived to go
with an equally contrived }
word list and all the strange
literary devices that have re-
placed yesterdays trash, ands
sad to say, some its MASTER ~
pieces and near masterpieces,
too. Perhaps Lewis Mumford
puts is best: -
Surely the minds Of chill
dren are full Of memories and
forebodings that anticipate
and reinforce these more
tangible threats Of inhuman-
ity: the widest folk tale, the
most brutal fairy story, do
fuller justice to their reality I.
than a factual account Of q
walk to school; and we fooled
ourselves when we thought
that any antiseptic efforts Of
ours to keep the germs Of
fantasy from incubating
could Danish the child's sense
Of the mysterious. the in
scrutable. the terrible, the
overwhelming. In depressing
this life Of fantasy and SUBJ
ordinating 1t to our own
practical interests, we per-
haps made 1t take more de-
vious forms, or at least gave
the demonic q free hand
without conjuring up anyc
angelic powers to fight on
the other side. We did not
get rid Of the dragon; we
only banished st. George. :" s
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
Right to Picket
David Lawrence's CT

DaVlo Lawrence S column en-
titled Supreme Court and Lo-
cal Riots" is a criticism Of
the Supreme Courts ruling
that the arrest of 1877 per-
sons picketing on the
grounds of the South Caro-
lima State House was q
breach Of their right of free
speech as protected by the
First and Fourteenth Amend
ments Of the Constitution.
Because the picketers were
Negroes protesting discrimi-
nation action against Ne
groes and asking that laws
denying Negro privileges be
removed in South Carolina, it
is only natural that they
would attract a large unsym-
pathetic crowd. To maintain,
however. that the crowd was
behaving so that a riot was
imminent is without founda-
ton. The facts In the case,
as cited in the majority opin-
ion Of the court, were that
there were 80 policemen pres
ent "a contingent quite large
enough to maintain order),
there was no evidence that
the 100000 onlookers were
anything but curious and no
threatening remarks or hos
tile gestures were made.
There was recognition of
some known trouble-makers
present but they presented
no present threat. The So
called defiance of the city
managers order TO dispense
was merely to pray and sing
the Star-Spangled Banner.
In view Of the foregoing II
is clear that no riot was i'm
minent and that the court
has not ruled that the "po-
lice should. in effect, have
waited until someone got
hurt before recognizing it Of
ficially as a riot"
The expression Of unpopu-
lar views by a minority group
is never going TO be greeted
any other way than with
hostility. The ignorant will
always want to respond with
violence because they do not
have the intellectual equip
ment to do otherwise. II is
the duty OF the State to pro-
tect these groups from ply
steal harm so that their views
may be calmly considered by
the majority. II the crowd OF
onlookers had among them
trouble-makers and II they
actually had presented a
clear and present danger to
the peace and tranquility OF
the city, then II is they and
not the Negroes who should
have been arrested.
Joel s. GOldhammer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
Lest We Forqet

Please let that man Udall
know that his basic concept
regarding memorial statues
in and about Washington is
all wrong.
First, as a mere temporary
Federal Government APP
pointee, he is stretching we'll
beyond modest proprieties
when he presumes to say
what Washingtonians want
to adorn their streets.
Second, he overlooks the
basic purpose of public stat
uary. He says too much of
1t is Of people that no one
knows about at all. Thereby
he demonstrates his bad
thinking. The very purpose
Of public staCuary is to COM
memorate people so that the
public will be reminded of
them, or told Of them, and
so remember people once con-
sidered important, who might
be forgotten even by men
like Udall.
1t is not illogical to say
that George Washington does
not need the Monument, or
Abraham Lincoln the Me-
mortal, but 1t might not be
too much to say that to the
ordinary passerby on Penn
sylvania Avenue it is nice
to have a statue to re-
mind many people of Ben
jamin Franklin, or even
Of Robert A. Taft. The lat
ter's father was President
and also Chief Justice and
really needs no memorial.
But Robert A. Taft in a
decade or so probably will.
So. Mr.. Udall, the more OBJ
scure the man today, the
more it is appropriate that
we be reminded of him by a
statue erected along the Ave-
nue. by those who liked him
and wished to have him re-
membered.
Elbridge Colby.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11
Not the CCC AGAIN.!
ThirtY wears ago this ca

thirty years ago this country, en-
quilted in a cataclysmic depression,
turned to such innovations as the
Civilian Conservation Corps for a way
out. In that period Of massive unem-
ployment, the CCC was a desperation
move, one Of the emergency strokes
dreamed up by the New Deal to stem
the receding tide Of prosperity.
If there were few who questioned
the logic Of make work" program in
those dark days, there are many who
wonder whether CCC-type Youth Con-
Servation Corps Ia high-priority ad-
miniStration goal) should be considered
even as stop-gap for today's compare
lively low-scale unemployment. And
this holds true, we think, despite Presi-
dent KennedyS most recent appeal for
enactment of his Youth Employment
Opportunities Bill" Among those who
have their fingers crossed on this pro-
posal is DR.. Austin S. Murphy, director
of the National Association of Manufac-
turers' Education Department.
Testifying before a Senate Labor
Subcommittee, DR.. Murphy raised many
questions, among them: ~ Would there
be enough volunteers between 16 and
% to make the corps worth while?
(2) With no Army officers such as
directed the CCC, would there be ade-
quate and competent camp supervisory
personnel? (3) Would a corps encour-
age more school dropouts? az Would
the psychological effect cause the
enrollee to become "a potential member
Of the hard-core unemployed rather
than a productive and useful member
of society?"
Whatever its value, the CCC won
no prizes for character building. That
was indicated by the fact CDR. Murphy
noted) that nearly 100000 youths, or
one-fifth Of the corps, washed out
through deSertion or for disciplinary
reasons" In short, DR.. Murphy found
the whole idea Of "make-work by Gov
eminent fiat" reprehensible and de-
Structive of individual initiative and
self-reliance in seeking employment"
He added:
Finding employment is generally con-
Sidered a responsibility Of the individual
while the function OF the Government is
limited to providing a climate conducive to
industrial growth and expansion and to indi-
vidual development. The philosophy underly-
ing this proposal, however appears to be
that the Government should assume RESPONSE
bility both for creating jobs and for tailoring
them TO the needs and qualifications OF specific
groups Of individuals. The solution sug-
gested here OF increasing public payrols TO
reduce unemployment will. in my opinion,
inevitably worsen our problem rather than
serving 10 provide meaningful solution.
The real solution, Dr. Murphy
suggested, can be found in the Herlong-
Baker tax rate reform bills. Unlike
the administration proposal, the NAM
supported plan stresses sharp reductions
in corporation as we'll as upper and
middle personal income tax brackets
during the first stages Of Swear pro-
gram. This approach, NAM believes,
would stimulate economic growth and
create new Jobs OF course, 1t does not
necessarily follow that the NAM is
right or that its recommendations, II
adopted, would produce the needed Jobs.
But Its approach seems more promising
than a revival on small scale Of the
old CCC.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-11

meat axe, eyes closed. They have urged
a percentage cut across the board, with
bland advice to the Secretary Of De-
tense to figure out what specific pro-
grams can be reduced without hurting
national security. The country has not
benefited from this approach.
No doubt some money can be cut
from the new defense budget, but not
without thorough study and a genuine
bill of particulars.