davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
Duvid Lawrence >.
CIergy's Function On Race Issue

WASHINGTON-Wha IS the true 1unc-
ton of the clergyman in the racial con-
trcversy nowadays? Is it to inStig2te and
lead "non-v5clent'' demonstrators that
may become violent? Is it to get ones
self arrested by the police fer DISTURBING
the peace in order to dramatic the grle-
vs-ces of a group in the community? Or
is i TO incllcate a spirit of haE1l2n brother
hood among parish.onerS and to help tnem
seek divine guidance in the relations OF
man to man?
These questions arise not only because
church groups of various denominations
have announced that they will participate
in the 'sMarch on Washington" on Au"ust
%. but because wide publicity has Just
been given to a letter written by the
Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., explain
ing that the purpose of demonstration"
Is ssto bring to the surface the hidden
tension that is already alive
The letter, written while he was In
fail recently in Birmingham, Alabama,
was IN answer to eight clergymen who,
although expressing sympathy with his
aims, deplored the methods being used.
Dr. King wrote:
''You express a great deal of anxiety
over our willingness to break laws. This
is certainly a legitimate concern. Since
we so diligently urge people to obey the
Supreme Courts decicsion of 1854 out
lawing segregation in the public schools,
at first glance it may seem rather para
doxical for US consciously to break laws.
Ore may we'll ask, how can you advocate
breaking laws and obeying others?' The
answer Lies in the fact that there are
two types q laws: just srd uniuEt 4.
''Now what is the difference between
the two? Row does cne deternlfn ne whether
a law is iu-t CT unjust? A rr'st law is a
m nnsJ@'e code that squares with the moral
law or the law of God. An unjust law is
a code that is out Of harmony with the
mo~al law
.sOne who breaks an unjust law must
do so OPENLY, lovingly, and with willing
ness to accept the penalty. submit that
an individual who breaks a law that con-
science tells him is unjust and who will
lingIy accepts the penalty of imprison-
ment in order to arouse the conscience OF
the community over its injustice is in
reality expressing the highest respect for
law. IL.
"Actlally, we who engage in nom
violent direct action are not the creators
OF teasicn. We merely bring to the surface
the hidden tension that is already alive"
It is the functcn of amy clergyman,
whether or rot he is a Negro, to endorse
or participate in demonstrations that
en1b.tter public feelings and produce
resentments? Or can one still expect
that men who preach from the pulpit will
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
John Chamberlain :.
Relating immigration To Ideology

sus-conservative theme. Whe Il
her father and her fathers friend
tried to draw her out on the
subject Of majority rule, sh e
simply stuck to her feeling that
it would be bad" for everyone
to allow a conservative to secure
power even by legitimate con-
senus of fifty-on percent Of the
population.
The daughters state of mind
was her father worried about the
anti-democratic implications of
Ivy League college education.
''My daughter" he says, "con-
siders herself a liberal So do
all the teachers and educators
who have influenced her into this
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
Letters

t3) There is considerably more
to voting than the mere place
ment Of an *" in a square. This
is a privilege along with which
must be accepted the accompany
ing responsibility.
(4) Because this is not only a
serious matter, but also an Amer
ican tradition, we urge all qua
lifted voters to reflect upon the
issues and the candidates and af-
ter having done so to 60 to the
polls and vote so that those chosen
truly represent the business COM
munity.
The Chamber of Commerce is
here to serve the needs of this
business community, and we feel
that it is part Of our obligation
to make this plea - Go to the
polls and vote on August 9th.
Douglas j. Fontaine,
President.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01

There Is one thing that should
be made plain, I think, in our
current nervous climate of racial
desperation.
Ii Is not really sin to be
white. IL Is not against the law
to be white. IL Is not an infringe
ment of human dignity to be
white. Perhaps word might be
said at the moment in favor OF
a man whose complexion Is not
brunette.
We live in this country, too. We
pay most of its taxes, and are
responsible for most Of its pro-
gress. None OF us ever sold a
slave or bought one. We have
made a great many of the coun-
try's mistakes, but we bleed, too,
when stuck, and occasionally we
are capable of decency.
Most OF us never said "Nigger," /"
and very few of us ever trod on
the basic sensitivities of mino-
rites. We are Italians and Irish
tthe President is Irish) and Ger
man and Polish and English and
Spanish and French and Jewish
and Catholic and Protestant.
We are High Church Episco-
palian and foot-wast1ing Baptist
and Holy Rollers and Presbyter-
ians and Greek Orthodox and
Seventh Day Adventists. Some of
us are rich; more of us are poor.
We have sinus trouble and can
Ger; heart disease and athletes
foot. We have hangnails and the
common cold; bursitis and boils.
We breed and we die. There is
nothing of the superman about us.
do not fancy the current at
titude that there Is something
semi-culpable about being white
In this moment of overlooking
black indignation. The Negro has
long-simmering grievances, it is
true, but he is not without sin on
his own side, and he Is not go
ing to correct 1t with an attitude
that all ofays are awful people.
'fOfay" is a Negro inside term
for white man, as is ''bokra,' in
the South. There can be snob-
berry on both sides of the fence
Srobbery and derision, as well.
There can be violence on both
sides of the barrier, too. A brick
hurled from a rooftop at a cop
dents his skull, whether the cop is
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
Robert Ruork =.
IFS No Sin TO Be White

a Negro and a white man hurls
it, or the cop Is white and q Ne
gro i1urls 1t. A brick is brick,
and the hurler is a thug. Regard
less Of color.
am not the man to say
when peaceful" demonstration
develops into mob activity, and
when mob activity develops into
anarchy. But, by God, If | were
the mayor Of a city and anybody,
black or white, came and Topped
down in my office, as happened
to New York's Mayor Wagner re-
Gently, I would not thread my
way through the bodies. l would
cause the invaders to be re-
moved, even from my own humble
workshop, and would not consid-
er color in the removal.
1t is a world Of many colors -
white, black, brown, yellow, with
all the various gradations. No
body's all right. and nobody's all
wrong.
Much Of The demonstratEon-sup-
preston in the South has been
wrong, and particularly the atti-
tude behind the suppression. Ger
tainly putting children In Jail in
Birmingham for demonstrating is
wrong. but you are moved also
to ask: Who sent the children in
The mobs to demonstrate SO that
they could be thrown in jail?
am but recently come back
to this country from Africa, and
must say that in most sectors of
Africa / feel safe, and friendly,
and at home. But I would not walk
by night through Harlem at this
moment, because my skin is
white, and / do not crave to be
clobbered because God chose my
coloration.
The leopard cannot change his
spots, nor the Ethiopian his skin,
so the old line goes. But / would
like to add the note that tho
white man is stuck with his pig
mentation, too, and there is no
justice to guilt by association.
hope the American Negro is
fully accepted into citizenship in
all its best meaning. But in the
process of accepting him - which
should have been a natural Oc-
curTance long ago = / have no in
tention of giving up my own right
to be white.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01

primarily try to help individuals to apply
reason instead Of physical force in endeav-
Oring to settle moral questions?
Under conditions q anarchy, every
man decides for himself what laws he will
obey, and in a tCtalitsrisn state, the
government decides what the morsis Cf
the community should be. In the United
States, under a written constitution, the
processes by which laws are made and the
methods of enforcement of such laws are
set forth with the approval fo the peorle's
elected representatives. Disputes as to the
meaning of laws are left to the courts to
decide
can decide for himself what laws he will
obey or disobey, what laws are just
or 'unjust," and which ones csn be dis
regarded at WI, then there will be little
respect for what is known as ''law and
order"
For many years the lynch mobs follow
ed the doctrine that the rap;st or murder
er was guilty anyhow and should be
hanged at once, because the courts were
too SLOW But no clergyman arose to
defend that practice, and public opinion
eventually triHnphed as the lynchings
were brought to an end by the process of
reason and through understanding of
moral law-namely. that two wrongs do
not make a right.
The clergy is not a unit ON the issues
&I.af TIE. M ir,
his letter He himself has been arrested
Is times Few ministers believe that this
kind of exhibit.onisn is necessary to pre-
slSsde fair-nlinded American citizens that
equal opportunities for employment shall
be given to those who are qualified or
that equal facilities shall be provided by
the government wherever it is constitu-
ti0r1al to do SO.
But the privilege of person to sell to
whomever he pleases in his place of
business is still an individual right. The
inju5tices or mistakes committed by in
dividglals cannot be rernedied by demon
Stratiors that disturb the peace and
cause riots.
The clergyrnen of all areas have big
job to do. Crime is widespread in Amer
lea. Juvenile delinquency is often the fault
of parents. When the clergy intervenes in
the lawmaking process, 1t takes sides and
finds itself immersed in domestic politics.
Plainly the function of the CLERGY is,
by their spiritually governed lives, to in
culcate resDect for and a receptiveness to
teachin9s of the true morality. But it viii
be harder and harder for clergymen to
WELD influence in the ccrnn1ynitv if they
disregard laws, get themselves arrested,
and announce that they are the best
judges of what statutory laws shall be
obeyed or Gisobeyed.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
The Initial Come

Carrier" Under some circumstan-
ces, the letters could be taken to
mean Mobile Calamity"
The trouble is that other abb
breviations fail to remove all the
objections. If I'M. 0. c." for men,
Der Of Congress, had been selected,
the representatives friends and
enemies would have said it stood
for Master of Organized Confu-
sion." Those letters might be
interpreted as designating "Mor-
tgage on Car" which is not a bad
idea but not really pertinent to the
problem on hand.
Even the letters decided upon
have some disadvantages. Along
the Georgia coast, ''U. S. c." on q
car could mean the owner is an
Unemployed Shrimpboat Captain.
Or it could be interpreted as iden-
tifylng members of the Union of
Street Cleaners. There's even a
possibility some will translate it
'UnSavory Character"
Only one satisfactory way to
end the misunderstanding remains.
How about giving the Congress
men license plates with plain old
numbers?
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
The Right Direction

that 92.3 per cent of the families
are not receiving a penny Of sup
port from absent fathers"
Many of these children are IL
legitimate and apparently no cell
ing is going to be put on the num-
ber mother can bear and thus
qualify for welfare checks. So, the
next best thing would seem to be
to make the father pay something
toward their upkeep. A stronger
law to that effect is step in the
right direction.
Director King siad that the big
menor.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01

In the category of what we con-
slider desirable legislation is pro-
posal by Alabama State Welfare
Director Reuben King that nom
support of children be made
felony. It is now only a misde-
meanor.
Director King said that the big
gest problem is his departments
Aid to Dependent Children pro-
gram stems from failure of fathers
to support their offspring. "Our
figures he went on, "show that
the whereabouts Of 34.6 per cent
of the fathers are unknown and
The chronicle., 1963-08-01

frame of mind. AS / define the
word, they are not liberals at
all. They are simply community
Casuists. They know better They
want a dictatorship of the intel
lectuals. They will force us to
be liberal - as they define the
term - even though they have
to Jail us 10 do it,"
And what better way of pre-
venting a democratic showdown
next year between statist liberals
and anti-statist conservatives than
by making the race issue, as de-
fined by those who consider Gold
W ter a segregationist, the
single test in choosing candidates
for both parties?
The chronicle., 1963-08-01

The worst aspect of our heavi-
ly emotional preoccupation with
the integration issue is that it is
almost certainly bound to be
used to prevent a borad-s C a e
political test next year between
liberalism" (modern statist style
and conservatism, or individual
ism. Unless there is a revulsion
from current fashions in argu-
ment, nobody will be able to dis
cuSs any subject nationally until
the first Wednesday after the
first Tuesday after the first Mon
day of November. 1864.
The difficulty of keeping a con-
servation - or a dialogue" to
use the current cliche - from
descending Immediately to the
shouting stage was illustrated last
week at the Governors Confer
erce in Miami Beach. For ex-
ample, when Governor R0mney
of Michigan tried at one point
to canvass the subject of en-
croachment by the federal gov.
ernment on the state govern
ments in matters of taxation and
welfare programs, the response he
got was a heavily loaded queS.
tiOn, care you for Birmingham"
If Romney had not made a
quick switch from problems that
beset the community of Birming
ham in his own state of Michi-
gan, his answer might have been
vastly misunderstood.
Whenever Senator Barry Gold
waters name came up at the
Governors Conference, it evoked
a simplistic, or sirnple-minded,
response. A single question was
hurled at various governors re-
peatedly: do you consider Gold
water to be segregationist?" Pat
Brown Of California said he did;
Romney said he didn't know
what Goldwater was; New York's
Nelson Rockefeller ducked th e
question by observing that his
good friend Barry had not extri-
Gated himself from the clutches
of the radical right.
Nobody seemed to consider that
it might be relevant to consult
Goldwater's record in promoting
integration in his home state of
Arizona, or to quote the Sena-
tors often-reiterated contention
that the state should exercise
moral responsibilities on tn cir
own. And certainly nobody cared
to broaden the discussion of Gold
waters views to cover the SEN
ator's attitude toward Cuba, tax
es, radioactive fallout. aid to ed
ucation, or Secretary NcNama-
ra's ideas about running the
Pentagon.
Since in a prediction year
politicians are bound to spend
practically all their time either
politicking or answering leading
questions prompted by politick-
ing, the Governors Conference
might be written off as just one
of those things.
Unfortunately, the idea that it
might be good for aIl-around clar.
ity to get a vote on the liberal
versus-conservation issue next
year is also being shouted down
at the grassroots. A businessman
friend Of mine who is a person
Of influence in the Reading re-
gion of Pennsylvania tried the
other day to bring his daughter,
a recent graduate Of Smith Col
lege in Northampton, Mass. into
an adult caucus on national poll
tics. The girl objected to the
very idea of letting Americans
have a chance to express them
selves by vote on the liberal-ver-
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
(From The Florida Times-UnionO

VI 1O141 AS 4O1A0o 4IuSS- " n1CuJJ
At the request of Georgia's Con-
gressional delegation, Governor
Carl Sanders has ordered a change
in the designation on automobile
license plates issued to the officials
representing that state in Washing
ton. The previous abbreviation,
IN. c." standing for memers of
Congress, soon will be replaced by
'U. S. c." for United States Cong
ress.
The Congressman complained
to the governor that so few per-
sons knew the meaning of the old
designation that it was useless.
1t is easy to understand how
AN. c." could cause misunder-
standing. One member of the dele
cation told the governor he had
heard it translated as Mental
Case" The letters might also be
mistaken for designating members
of the Middle Class" How IN.
c." might be interpreted would
vary with where Congressman's
car was seen. In Atlanta, it might
be taken to mean Municipal Care
taker." In rural areas, some might
think it designated 'Moonshine
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
QUirks
NEEDS A DONKEY

NEEDS A DONKEY
LONDON CUPID - A woman
advertised today in the Times of
London for a gentle donkey re-
quired to hire for one month;
lavish loving care assured"
KEEP TIGHT" COUNT
DETROIT CUPID - Recorders
Court Judge Frank G.. Scheman-
ske offered John Abraham, 5S, a
sporting chance Wednesday, tell
ing him he could go free if he
could recall how many times he
had been brought in on a charge
of drunkenness.
"Sure, 24O times, your honor"
Abraham answered promptly.
The judge consulted the record
and said, "You may CO."
ON GOOD BEHAVIOR
LONDON CUPID - The Inde-
pendent Television Authority an
nounced Wednesday that children
appearing in commercials hence
forth must be put on their best
behavior.
In the future, no child is to ap-
pear unattended in street COM
mercials, step carelessly off a
curb, cross street without care,
lean out of a window dangerous
ly, climb up to high shelves or
be within reach Of medicines, dis
enfectant or matches.
TRESPASSERS BEWARE
SYCAMORE HOLLOW, Kan,
CUPID Trespassers on this
camp ground will be stripped Of
their clothing, thrown into a
swimming pool and forced to
play volleyball in the nude with
members of the opposite sex.
"A sunbathers association meet
ing opened here Wednesday. A
nudist spokesman said court ac-
ton would follow the on-the-spot
treatment.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
AIn1onoc
THE ALMANAC
By United Press International

~AS@ AAA~NA
Today is Thursday, Aug. |, tie
213th day of 1868 with 152 to
follow.
The moon is approaching its
full phase.
The morning stars are Jupiter
and Saturn.
The evening stars are Mars and
Saturn.
Those born today include Amer
ican author Herman Melville, in
1919.
On this day in history:
In 1890, the first US. Census
was taken. The population was
S,92g,214.
In 1907, the US. Air Force was
born, with the aeronautical divi-
sion being set up in the US.
Army office.
In 1943, five Negroes were killed
and 500 injured in a race riot In
the Harlem district OF New York
City. Police jailed 500 others.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
Thought For ToddY

For God so loved the world,
that he gave his only begotten
Son, that wilosoever believeth on
him shall not parish, but have
everlasting life. - John 3:16.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
Now You Know

BY United Press International
Divers as early as the fourth
century BC were using underwa-
ter breathing apparatus. accord
ing to Collier's Encyclopedia.
The chronicle., 1963-08-01

A thought for the day--Former
President Dwight ID. Eisenhower
said: I'm the final choice a sol
dier's pack is not so heavy a
burden as a prisoners chains. +"
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
THE CHRONICLE


sEcoNDcLAss POSTAGE PAscAeouLA. MISSISSIPPI
The chronicle., 1963-08-01

RALPH NICHOLSON PRESIDENT AND PUBLISHER
w. DAVID BROWN. EDroa JOSEPH =. BROWN. AD. Mea.
JOHN W. TREHERN cLENIs DLLARD
CARL w. AckERMAN. NEW Yorx coRrrsroNDErra
The chronicle., 1963-08-01
STANDARDIZATION RArEs


10 80 81 go
$3.50
MAlR IN ALL oTHE
r.
AL DEPARTMENTS 7s24s4a
The Sidney herald., 1963-04-03

% to April 80. Membership
Chairman Syl Braaten reports
an excellent response from
volunteer workers who contri-
butte their time to the member
ship drive to maintain this
outstanding series in the Sid
ney area and it is expected that
about SIS persons will make
calls to enroll members for the
coming season.
Wrkers will contact mainly
past members and new resi-
dents but membership is open
to anyone in the area and the
membership committee will
welcome a call from anyone
not contacted.
The Sidney herald., 1963-04-03
Charley Creek All
Club Has Meeting

The meeting was held at
the George Fisher home at 8
pm. on March %. 1t was called
to order by Paul Ruffatto. Joe
Schmitz and JEANNE Candee
were absent.
For old business we discuss
ed the white cane drive.
For new business we talked
about Memorial Day and what
we are doing for the All tai
ent show. We also decided to
have a sewing meeting March
II. 1t was held at Mary Ruff
fatoS at about 7 o'clock.
The meeting was adjourned.
After the meeting we practiced
for the talent show and work.
ed on our projects.
Patty Ruffatto, Reporter
The Sidney herald., 1963-04-03
Eastside Eager Beaver
HI Club Has Meetinn

We held the meeting for this
month on March Is at the Ran
School.
We accepted the invitation of
Cne Brorson Up-N-Do-It All
Club to come to their meeting
on March 90.
We decided to buy a horse
and sell tickets on It to raise
money for our club. We decid-
ed that we will rattle it off
later on. A committee volun-
teefed to take care of all the
details.
Lorna Vester, Cathy Smart.
Donna Vester and Mary Jane
Hamburg gave their demonstra-
tons.
Betty Koenig won a $25 war
bond as first prize for the con
test, Why 1 Like All Club
Work..
Naomi Albert, Reporter
The Sidney herald., 1963-04-03
Frontier Has
New Rate
Schedule

Frontier Airlines' proposed
fare reductions for Saturday
and Sunday travel between
Denver and Cheyenne, Casper
Rapid City and Billings were
approved by the Civil Aerno-
nautics Board despite an OBJ
lection filed by Western Air
lines. This was the second of
two recent complaints lodged
by Western against Frontiers
efforts to further reduce the
cost of air travel in its 11-state
area.
Frontier recently endeavored
TO reduce its Denver-Phoenix
fare by 40 per cent in asking
Tor a change in fares from SAG
30 to $4,000, but it has been
neId UP because of Western
Alrllnes' complaint.
DismisSing Westerns com
pC OI IIle weekend fares.
the Civil Aeronautics Board
stated, "The instant proposal
IS designed to provide addition
al markets for these weekend
excursion fares-thus stimulat.
ing traffic growth in air tran
sportation."
Mr. Lewis w. Dymond. presi-
dent of Frontier Airlines. said
Frontier will continue to 40,
greslvely develop additional
Iares In order TO bring the cost
Oh air transportation within tbe
reach of more and 0 citi-
zenS' Our success thus far with
tne draStically-reduced farac
available for youths and fam
mes indicates that such fares
are attracting additional nasSen
gers to air travel and are s,,h-
seantlally increasing the pat
ronage of our line"
The Sidney herald., 1963-04-03

Southwestern Montana.
The guides were researched
and written by authorities on
Montana, including Robert H.
Bob Fletcher of Butte. Author
of "Free Grass to Fences, he
also wrote the entertaining and
educational Montana Histori-
cal Marker legends.
The far reaching travel pro
gram has been inaugerated by
the stamp company and in
cludes a handsome souvenir
book in color about the whole
OF Montana, as well as bill
boards throughout the state
with local copy proclaiming
local events, scenic spots and
attractions.