davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-21

and not into legislation itself
the directive was not subject to
amendment when the appro-
priations bill reached the
House floor.
Two Maryland members of
Congress. Representative Math-
las. Republican. and Sickles
Democrat. protested against the
report language but were I'M
able to have the ban removed,
Mr.. Matthias had considered
offering an amendment to the
appropriations bill that called
for countering the parkland
fund ban.
He dropped the idea, how
ever. when he was informed by
the House parliamentarian that
such an amendment would be
considered to be legislation in
an appropriations bill.
Matthias Resolution
Mr.. Mathial plans q new at
tack on q committee directive
early this week, possibly today
He has drafted q House reso-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-21
Reports Heard

Mr.. Kohl made his comments
today as he came out Of an
executive session being held by
the arbitration committee. The
committee heard reports from
four subcommittee about re-
location, eSthetic financial and
engineering aspects Of the con-
troversial Three Sisters Island
bridge and North Leg freeway.
Planning and construction
funds have been blocked for
both projects by order Of Pres
ident Kennedy, because Of the
possibility they might not be
needed if the 98-mile rail sys-
TEN was built.
District Engineer Commits
sioner Charles M. Duke, chair
man of the arbitration COM
mittee. said it was too early
to make any decisions about
the freeway or bridge. Some of
the subcommittee reports were
incomplete and will be finished
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

ance by the Citizens Bank of
Mound Bayou. M. A. Jones was
employed in Sunflower County
with local funds sponsored by
the Penny Savings Bank operat-
ed by Negro citizens in India
nola, Mississippi. E. M. Hayes
was employed in Chickasaw
County with local funds paid
by Okolona Industrial School.
In 1916 C. H. Wilkes was en-
ployed in Copiah County with
local funds sponsored by Utica
Institute. G. C. Cypres was en-
ployed in Rankin County with
local funds paid by Piney Woods
school. Sunflower County was
the first county in the State to
appropriate funds for Negro
County Agents by the Board of
Supervisors. Other agencies,
business firms and banks spon-
sored work in other counties be-
fore Boards of Supervisors took
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
EXTENSION SERVICE GREAT
HELP TO NEGRO Farmers
NJ. N. Hubert First Negro Agent

Earliest financing of extern
sion work in territory not yet
infested with the boil weevil
was with funds of the General
Education Board, New York,
administered through the Bu-
reau of Plant and Industry of
the U. S. Department of Agri-
culture, with additional funds
raised by local subscriptions
from local business interests.
Pioneer extension workers,
over roads often passable only
by the means of travel then
common, the horse and buggy,
confronted with prejudices
against book farming, stemmed
panic in the face of boil weevil
advances, held labor on farms,
established a saner farming,
and built well the foundations
of our present extension organi-
zation.
1905 Three extension workers
in state (white)
1908 Mississippi Legislature
passed far-reaching act to pro-
vide for county departments of
agriculture.
1914 Smith-Lever Act.
The first Negro agents en-
ployed in Mississippi under a
cooperative plan between the
Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. C. and local or
ganizations, institutions or
schools: September l, 1913, M.
M. Hubert was employed as
county agent in jefferson Davis
County, with local funds be-
ing paid by Prentiss Institute.
In 1914 three more agents were
employed. Jake Parker, Bolivar
County Agent, with local fin
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
them over.

In 1915 M. M. Hubert was
appointed as District Agent for
Negro Work in Mississippi and
was transferred from jefferson
Davis County to jackson, Mis-
sissippi. At the end Of 1915
there were six Negro county
agents in the State and one dis
trict agent with about 1000 Al
Club boys enrolled. In 1917 Mrs.
Alice Carter Oliver was appoint
ed to work in the Delta coun-
ties with headquarters in
Clarksdale. Coahoma County
was the first county in the State
to supplement Federal funds for
Negro Home Demonstration
Agents work in the State of
Mississippi.
BY 1918 the Extension pro-
gram was expanding and the
All Club work began to gain so
much popularity that on Aug
ust 1, 1918, C. H. Wilkes was
appointed Negro Boys State
Club Agent, the first Negro to
hold this position or title in
the United States.
In 1914, there was an Act of
Congress known as the Smith
Lever Act, which gave to Amer
lea a national system of Coop
erative Extension Work in Ag-
culture and Home Economics.
This Act made it possible for
setting up machinery for carry
ing subject matter information
to rural people in a practical
way.
The method of carrying the
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

results Of research to the farm
ing population was through re-
suit demonstrations. This type
Of teaching was so convincing
that it was finally accepted as
the proper method Of dissemi-
mating research information a.
rnong rural people. These de-
monstrations were conducted on
the farms and followed through
until the results were achieved.
This was continued until farm
people became convinced of the
value Of following improved
practices in agriculture, which
had been made available through
research at Experiment Sta
tions.
Development of Extension
Work. It was born Of emergency
(the boil weevil) and has since
helped rural families and others
to meet emergencies and chang
es. The Negro agents have per-
formed essentially the same ser
vices as others in the Extension
Service in programming to as
sist the maximum number of
people.
At the present time we have a
county staff of 100 working in
81 of the 80 counties.
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09
Negro Progress Had Its Beginning
In Agriculture & Farming In Miss.

basis for the assessment of
Negro progress in those fields
began in 1866, or thereabouts,
as a sharecropper. The census
of 1890 found 80 percent of
Negroes in Mississippi living in
rural areas, most as share
croppers. The census for the
same year showed that 81 per-
cent of Negro men and ID per-
cent of Negro wemen were en-
ployed as farm workers.
From the earliest times fol-
lowing the beginning as share
troopers in Mississippi Negro
farmer workers began to evince
a desire to become owners of
the lapd which they farmed,
and from this early time there
began a slow but steady growth
in Negro farm owners of 80
state.
In 1945 the full owners of
Negro farm in Mississippi show
ed an increase of 16 percent.
In 1869 there was an increase
in Negro farm owenrs of 80
percent. The average value of
the land and buildings of these
full owners increased from 81,
GAL to $5,616. Since these fig
ures are only average, many
progressed even more in q fl
nancial way.
In 1859 there were 1908 Ne
gro farm owners in the state,
about 5000 of this number be-
ing part-owners. It will be seen
from the above figures that
the value of Negro farm prop
erty in Mississippi, which was
virtually nothing in 1865 a.
mounted to millions of dollars.
Thus the Negro in agricul-
ture and farming present an
outstanding view on Negro
progress in Mississippi during
the 100 years since the signing
of the Emancipation proclama-
ton.
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

It was natural because of
their long attachment to the
land during more than two
hundred years of slavery that
the beginning of Negro prog
ress in Mississippi would be in
farming and agriculture; and
that their accomplishments in
these fields would furnish the
more remarkable and outstand-
ing examples of Negro progress
in the state during the past 100
years.
The Negro in Mississippi
came out of slavery upon the
signing of the Emancipation
Proclamation in 1863 followed
by the end of the Civil War in
1865 penniless, landless, and
homeless, and it is a tribute to
the generosity of their former
owners and masters that many
were allowed to remain as freed
men on the very land on which
they had been forced to work as
slaves.
The end of the war also left
the former slave owners in to-
tai bankruptcy while at the
same time faced with the i'm
mediate necessity of finding the
labor, as well as the means to
begin anew following the raw
ages of the Civil War, the live
lihood which they understood
best( and which offered the best
opportunity for immediate be-
ginning. That was in farming
and agriculture, particularly
cotton farming.
The condition of the former
slaves and that of the former
slave owner alike made it nec-
essary to find a system in which
both could begin with the least
in what they both understood
best to provide the immediate
needs of living for both. Thus
it was these circumstances of
both the former slave and the
former slave owner that vir-
tually forced the birth of the
sharecrOpper system.
The Mississippi Negroes ex-
perience in farming and agri-
culture as a free man, and as
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

EDITORS NOTE: Pictures
of outstanding Negro farms
may be seen on the following
pages.)
Jackson advocate., 1963-11-09

The Mississippi Negroes ex-
perience in farming and agri-
culture as a free man, and as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-26
Civic Group to List
Trouble Spots

The LeDroit Park Civic AS
ISOLATION last night agreed to
send a list Of the neighbor-
hoods trouble spots" to the
Citizens Crime Commission,
with the hope Of erasing in
creasing vandalism in the area.
The group cited recent
numerous outbreaks Of van
dalism occurring at homes and
schools.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-26
Betterment Group
Presents Awards

Awards for business, commu-
nifty and family service were
presented by association presi-
dent Joseph w, Carter at the
18th anniversary and awards
program Of the Civic Better
ment Association last night.
John Hawkins, Region @ d.
rector Of the D. c. Recreation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-26

Gibboney of the 18th precinct
toll dthe group last night.
Joseph L. Rauh, jr., vice
chairman of Americans for
Democratic Action. repeatedly
was scheduled to defend the
administrator study
group. Mr.. Rauh did not APP
pear. and an hour after he was
supposed to speak, Homer F,
Gable. president Of the Naylor
group said, mfr. Rauh has
stood us up"
A complaint was also voiced
at the meeting, calling dirty,
biased and unfair" the alleged
practice Of District building
inspectors overlooking SUBJ
standard housing when such
housing is inhabited by Ne
groes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-26
Anocostio Citizens Hit
Area Peace Corps Plan

The Naylor Good Hope Citi-
zens Association last night de-
nounced an attempt to put
Domestic Peace Corps workers
in the Anacostia area.
The Presidents Study Group
on a National Service Program
recently had described the
Anacostia areas juvenile crime
rate as the highest in the city.
In a protest to the White
House, the Naylor group char
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-26

acterized this statement as vii
lfication bordering on libel.
They were joined by three 9TH
er local citizens associations.
Although the 18th precinct,
which includes the Anacostia
area. accounts for 5 to Z per
cent of the juvenile arrests for
felonies, robberies and misde-
meanors, the precinct contains
more than 10 per cent Of the
city's population, 1t. John c.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-26

Department, also was on hand
to present recreation and bas-
ketball awards to association
teams.
Afterward the group heard
Mrs. Alice Hunter. president of
the District League Of Women
Voters, speak on voting respon-
sibilities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-26

STORE HOURS: Mondays, Thursdays
and Fridays, .9:3O am. to g pm.
darlington only open to $3.50 p.m.I
Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Saturdays
$3.50 am. to 6 pm. Free Parking!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

the first National Youth
Science Congress.
They viii be delivering scien-
tific papers on subjects ranging
from The Effect Of Vitamin
XII Analogue on the Coagula-
ton Time Of Cobalt-60 Irradi-
ated Nice" to The Effects Of
Cold Exposure on Frog Liver
Mitochondria In Stu"
The four-day Congress began
yesterday and Is sponsored by
the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration and the
National Science Teachers As
ISOLATION Of the National Edu-
cation Association.
The students were selected
from regional meetings held at
10 NASA field offices around
the country. They will read
their papers here before panels
Of scientists.
The purpose Of the Congress
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

not the first time that we farm
ers have been soaked for some
thing that did not benefit US"
Since 1856 foreign buyers
have been able to purchase
United States cotton at world
price levels. Recently these
have been about "A cents q
pound, or some s1z cents below
the supported domestic price.
What Bill Provides
The House bill would let
United States mills have the
same price break. with the
Agriculture Departments Com
modify Credit Corp. paying the
subsidy for the next three
years.
House opponents Of the meas
ure denounced this as a triple
subsidy" contending it added
a subsidy for United States
mills to those already paid
cotton exporters and farmers.
They estimated this would cost
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

backed by both President John
son, and his predecessor. John
F. Kennedy.
Senator Aiken. Republican Of
Vermont, senior Republican on
the Agriculture Committee, said
he did not regard the cotton
bill as ian agricultural meas
ure."
Its q bill for the relief Of
our textile mills" he said. Its
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

from 32.5 cents to 20 cents In
the next three years. This
brought some Republican sup
port for the bill on final pas
sage.
Defeated was an amendment
by Representative Quie. Repub-
lican of Minnesota. which pro-
posed direct payments to cot
ton farmers instead of the
export and domestic mill sub
sides.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

taxpayers some $500 million
additional in three years.
For example. they said. the
bill would mean q s2s million
subsidy to Burlington Mills,
one Of the largest United
States cotton textile producers.
Representative Cooley, Dem
ocrat Of North Carolina, floor
manager for the bill. said the
cost would be only $1lS million
the first year. and less in sue
ceeding years.
He said consumers would
benefit from lower prices for
cotton cloth and domestic mills
could compete with an increas-
ing flood Of foreign cotton tex
tile imports.
Amendment Accepted
The House accepted an
amendment by Representative
Mcintyre, Republican Of Maine.
which would gradually lower
the price support for cotton
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

chairman Of the Senate Agri-
culture Committee, said In an
interview.
Senator Ellender said he
would call his farm legislative
committee together to consider
the measure, approved 2l6-lS2
by the House late yesterday
after two days Of debate.
House leaders appealed for
support Of the measure as one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05
81 Science Pupils
Reed Papers at
National Event

Thirty-two high school
science students across the
country are visiting Washing
ton this week to take part in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

Is to encourage interest in
science.
Today and tomorrow the
youths will meet at NASA
headquarters, 500 Independ-
ence avenue S.W.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05
Cool Senate Reception
Aheod for Cotton Bill
Rr TIE Assoeiated Pres

bill passed by House to let domestic mills buy Amer-
cotton at the subsidized low price as foreign eonp
tors faces q cool reception in the Senate
II can't support cotton bill which would greatly increase
costs Of the program after refusing to do this on wheat
Of louisiana
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05
Average Sole Is S.

CHICAGO-The average
sale per customer In a super
market Is now IS. the Super
Market Institute reports.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-05

IdecI for home Holiday deeoru.
iionsI Use indoors or out, on
windows, moniIes, etc. Choice Of
Santa face, Santa figure, Snow.
man, Carol Singers.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-04-11

Marion Hell who is a student
at Ripon College.
Get well" wishes are ex
tended to Mr.. Edwin Kinsey
who is recuperating at home
following confinement at Mont
gomery General Hospital.
College students home fol
spring vacations are Barbara
Haskell, U. of Indiana; Lanny
Bitely, Harvard; Garner Duvall
and Hutch" Wyman, Worces
ter Tech"
Lee Chauinard of Rumford
Me. and Terry Tracy, Smith
town, L. l. were recent guests
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs
William Wyman. The boys are
classmates of "Hutch's" at Wor
cester Tech"
The Gaithersburg Elementary
PTA held an "open house" al
the Longview School on April
8, The PTA presented cakes to
the teachers of both schools in
honor of Teacher Recognition
Month. Miss Souder's 4th grade
presented a skit called Fun
with Poetry and the Bird grad
ers participated in a musical
program.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-04-11
Reconstruction of Public
Projects Costly to WSSC

poets to be reimbursed for all
but about $149,534 of this con-
struction by the State Roads
Commission.
Under an existing agreement
with the SRC, the Sanitary Com
mission pays for facilities relo-
Gated within the state highway
right of way and the Roads
Commission reimburses the
WSSC when relocation work,
made necessary by State road
construction, is required outside
the highway right of way.
In addition, legislation passed
in 1857 requires that the WSSC
and the County government
split water and sewer location
costs for work made necessary
by County road development.
During the 1868 session of
the Maryland Legislature, the
WSSC supported bill which
would require the State Roads
Commission to pay the costs of
WSSC relocations on Federally
supported highways. The Fed
eral Highway Act provides for
reimbursement of the State for
80 per cent of the cost of relo-
cations on such roads.
The legislation was passed by
the House and Senate, and is
awaiting signature by the Gov
ornnr
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-04-11

and his wife, Mr.. and Mrs. Fred
B. Gray.
Miss Helen Griffith, Washing
ton, was the speaker at the mid
week Lenten service at st.
Peters Episcopal Church in
Poolesville. Her subject was
Prayer" The service was pre-
coded by the last of the covered
dish Lenten suppers.
Mrs. D. K. Howard of Silver
Spring, who was a surgical pa
tent the past month at Holy
Cross Hospital in Silver Spring,
is convalescing at the home of
Mrs. James D. King, Dawson
vile.
Mrs. Elsie Lambert under
went surgery last week at
Frederick Memorial Hospital.
Henry w. White returned to
his h ONE near Dickerson
Wednesday following surgery
at Frederick Memorial Hospital.
George Diehl Sr. underwent
an operation at Washington
Hospital Center on April /.
Mrs. Benjamin White, Pooles.
vile, entertained the Tuesday
Luncheon Bridge Club.
Among the luncheon guests
of Mrs. Edward H. Baum on
Applewood Lane in Derwood
Friday were Mrs. Charles Fritz,
Poolesville; Mrs. Ward A. Full
ton, GAINESVILLE, and Mrs. c..
Best Linthicum, Beallsville. Fol
lowing the luncheon Mrs. Baum
was hostess at a Stanley party.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-04-11

Thrasher and Cathy Smith.
The "Darnestown Little Or
chestra,' recently formed, is
meetings for regular rehears-
ais every Thursday afternoon
after school in the school all
purpose room. Mrs. Albert Glib
son and Mrs. Robert Linnell are
directing and accompanying the
group, which at present con-
sists of one trumpet, three
flutes, three clarinets, and one
French horn. Plans include the
eventual addition of stringed
instruments.
Mrs. Douglas Boyer was host
ess to the Evening Circle of the
Jamestown Church on April A..
Devotions were led by Mrs.
Howard Cissel and the Bible
study was presented by Mrs.
Howard Roberts. The circle has
sponsored a successful. project
to purchase equipment for the
nursery school. Mrs. Roberts
was chairman of the project.
Otis White, principal of
Gaithersburg Junior High
School, and Miss Mary Leonie,
councillor, together with Flor
ence Nesbitt and Michael Sadt-
Ter, seventh-grade pupils who
attended the Clarksburg school
last year, addressed the sixth
graders at Clarksburg on April
2 to explain the curriculum and
activities in junior high school
so that they might know what
to expect next year.
Mrs. Almyra Burdette return.
ed April / to her second-grade
teaching duties at Clarksburg
School after a lengthy absence
following surgery.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-04-11

rasco, director Of athletics at
American University. D:J. Will
ard Jr., president of the P-TA,
presented individual trophies
from the P-TA to each player
and the coach. A special trophy
for most valuable player was
presented to Leonard Ramey
who was elected for this honor
by his teammates. The trophy
was given by Bernard Siegel of
the River Road Colwtry Club.
At an election held at the
Poolesville P-TA Tuesday eve
ming, April 2, Richard E. Wal
den, Comus, was named presi-
dent. Serving with him will be
DR.. Jack Millar, Jacksonville,
vice president; Mrs. William E.
Thompson, GAINESVILLE, secre-
tary, and Mrs. Charles E. Kohl
boss Jr., Poolesville, treasurer.
The trustee is D. ]. Willard,
Poolesville. Retiring officers
are D. ]. Willard, president;
Charles Knill, vice president;
Mrs. Polly Williams, secretary,
and Mrs. Bill Bliss, treasurer.
Special recognition was given
to active teachers in the Pooles-
vile schools and retired teach
ers living in the area. Recently
retired teachers so honored
were Mrs. Arthur G. Elgin, Mrs.
Lawrence Jones and Miss M.
Olivia Green. Faculty members
were presented carnation cor.
sages for the ladies and bouton-
nieres for the men while the re-
tired teachers received orchids.
Chairman of the program was
Mrs. Charles H. Jamison, assist
ed by DR.. William Frank and
Mrs. Ardle P. O'Hanlon. Also
taking part were students from
the Future Teachers Club and
those recently indicted into the
National Honor Society.
Plans were announced for the
P.TA sponsored horse show to
be held on May IL at II noon at
Montgomery Park in Barnes.
vile.
A pre-school conference and
registration will be held at the
Poolesville Primary School on
Friday, April 26, from 9 am. to
3 pm. All children in the school
area who will be five years old
on or before December 81, 1868,
should register for entrance in
kindergarten in September. If
parents have not received the
forms to be filled out, contact
the school at DI. 9-5329 imme.
diately.
Furthering their studies on
Earth and Space students in
the third grades at the school
visited the Smithsonian Institu.
ton on April 3.
Arriving on the Queen Mary
in New York April 2, Cyril
Drage of Bozeat, England, was
met by his daughter and fam
lily, Mr.. and Mrs. r. Edwin
Brown, Phyllis and Neal. Mr..
Drage will spend several
months with the Browns at
their home on Peach Tree Road
near Beallsville.
Mrs. G. Robert Gray, Pooles-
vile, spent last week in Phila-
delphia with her brother-in-law