davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-05-05
What's Being Hidden?

On April 4, 1858, Representative
Gerald Ford, Jr., of Michigan, made
speech in the House which merits more
notice than it received at the time.
Let's be explicit about one thing.
Mr. Ford is a Republican. He Is also
the ranking minority member of the
Defense Appropriations subcommittee,
and in that capacity he is fully cleared
for access to classified information. He
and the other members of the Subcom-
mittee have been briefed on highly
classified matters. For example, the
controversial Tx airplane contract.
Still, although Mr.. Ford denies it, there
remains the possibility that he was
playing little game of partisan politics
in his April speech. For our part, we
accept Mr.. Ford'S denial. Those who
may take the trouble to read the speech
can Judge for themselves.
Mr.. Ford'S complaint was directed
to the invoking of the doctrine of sex
ecutive privilege" to prevent his sub
committee from finding out what really
happened on the occasion of the mis-
adventure in the Bay of Pigs. Essen
TALLY, this doctrine means that the
President, or his responsible agents,
need not give any privileged" infor-
nation to Congress. Within reasonable
limits, our opinion is that the doctrine
is both useful and necessary. But 1t
shouldn't be abused.
When General Maxwell Taylor, who
conducted an investigation of the Bay
of Pigs disaster at the direction of the
President, was before the subcommittee,
he was asked by Mr.. Ford whether it
would endanger the security of the
United States to discuss the ill-fated
invaSion-for which, incidentally, the
President has assumed full RESPONSE
bility. General Taylor'S answer follows:
II think it would result in another
highly controversial, divisive public dis
cussion among branches of our Gov
ernment which would be damaging to
all parties concerned"
Well, maybe so. But what does
General Taylor, the Presidents hand
picked military adviser, mean when he
says that disclosure of the whole truth
would be damaging to all parties con-
cerned?" The Presidents brother, Bobby
Kennedy, recently told part, but not
all, Of the story, in two press inter-
views. What is it that's being covered
up-that can't be told even to House
subcommittee cleared for access to
highly classified information2 We think
it must be something that would be
politically embarrassing to the Presi-
dent And we do not believe this is a
valid excuse for raising the cry Of
executive privilege"
Evening star., 1963-05-05

may be in relation to ours and Russia'S
This much has been made clear by
French Defense Minister Pierre Messmer.
Writing in an official military publica-
ton, he has declared that the generals
policy in this field "iS irreverSible and
will guide for long time the destiny Of
France" And he has gone on to add,
with almost unbelievably injudicious
candor, that the entirety of his country'S
developing nuclear strike force will be
targeted only to hit Soviet population
centerS.
There seems to us to be touch of
madness in all this. OF course, to repeat,
there can be no doubt that the French
have sovereign right to follow the
course they are on and to make as
many atomic-hydrogen weapons as they
wish. But why should they proclaim
at the same time that these destroyers,
actual and prospective, are being aimed
solely at the big cities of the USSR?
Could anything be worse from the stand
point of world propaganda? The Rus
slams can be counted upon to make the
most Of the matter, even to the point
of saying that Mr.. MeSSmer's remarks
invite the possibility of a pre-emptive
attack on France.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
Mochinists' Birthday

Seventy-five years ago today 10
weary but determined machiniSts met
secretly in a locomotive pit in Atlanta,
Ga. Their WEAKNESS, not surprisingly,
was related to 60-hour work weeks at
18 to IS cents an hour. And their de-
termination to do something about it
Sowed the seeds Of the International
Association of MachiniStS.
Tonight President Kennedy joins
in a birthday celebration of significant
proportions. Much has happened to the
lam in rs years, most of it good. For
example, those 10 charter members
have grown to nearly million in almost
10000 locals. They have bargaining
contracts with 1922 firms, leading all
other unions in this strength. From the
railroad industry, they have branched
out to scores of others, including
major role in aeroSpace. Many Federal
blue collar workers also are IAMsters.
If there is any doubt as to IAM's
well-being, the handsome 10-story head
quarters on Connecticut avenue should
dispel 1t. But the union also is proud
of a record that includes the ousting
Of Communists as early as 1924. For
this and other achievements, including
a maturing sense of responsibility, we
take pleasure in wishing President AL
Hayes and the lam family many happy
returns
Evening star., 1963-05-05
Mrs. Murphy's Chowder

The time is past, If indeed it ever
existed, when figure in American
public life could expect his character,
his qualifications, and his political
chances to be judged solely on the basis
Of his estimate Of the country'S needs,
his proposals for meeting them and his
record of success or failure in that
kind of work. Hence, the universal
response to the Murphy Rockefeller
nuptialS has not been the traditional
and decent wish for the couples hap
piness, but fevered speculation on the
effect of the marriage on Governor
Rockefeller's 1854 chances for the Re-
publican nomination and the American
presidency.
AS respectful of journalistic ira
dition as of any, we present, with some
reluctance, the following fevered specu-
lations to add to those you may have
thought up yourself:
Obviously the new union offers the
Republicans an unparalleled chance to
cut in on the political capital the Ken
nedys are supposed to have acquired
from the "coming-of-age" of the Irish
Americans. AS any st. Patrick's Day
Parade will show, the Irish have never
been rigorous in the matter Of men,
berShip in the grand old race. Surely,
the-man-who- -married-MrS. Murphy will
qualify.
Secondly, the divorce factor itself
may prove rewarding politically. Ac-
cording to Samuel Lubell, American pol
itics is still based on appeals to minority
groups. Divorced Americans are mi
nority yet to be appealed to and the
new Rockefeller marriage, based on not
one, but two divorces, may prove ire
sistible.
Finally, in the mysterious realm of
American image collecting, the Repub-
licanS may have here the answer to the
youthful fecundity the KennedyS-all of
them-seem to be overplaying this year.
The answer is an image even dearer to
our hearts: I-found-romance-in middle
age. The new bridegroom seems shoo-
in to pick up the lingering Ezio PIMA
vote.
For ourselves, we congratulate the
groom and sincerely wish the brides
nickname, Happy" to be borne out in
her new life.
No less sincerely, we hope Governor
Rockefeller will not be denied either the
nomination or the office for such an
irrelevant reason as his new marriage.
There are too many relevant reasons
for denying him both.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
LETTERS TO THE STAR
District Crime: Its Cause and Cure

The Sunday Star april 7,
1869 gave great prominence
to a long, but ordinary,
letter written by one Bert
Cumby, under the headlines
"'SpokeSmen' Challenged"
"The Negro and D. c. Crime.
Ordinarily, letters to the
editors Of newspapers ex-
pressing the private views Of
private citizens would war
rant no comment, particu-
larly in the form Of a written
rebuttal by a large organiza-
ton of citizens, but in a
sequel Mr.. Cumby gives the
impression that his views are
Fundamentally indorsed and
express the thinking Of the
overwhelming majority Of
the Negro community" We
cannot remain mute under
these circumstances and has
ten to state emphatically
that Mr.. Cumby's unbalanced
remarks on crime and its re-
lationship to the Negro COM
munity do not represent the
views of the overwhelming
majority of the D. c. Fedora
ton of Civic Associations,
Inc, and the president and
the executive committee have
appointed us to say so pub
licly.
Mr.. Cumby's remarks, when
subjected to close scrutiny
and objective analysis, re-
veal that he has blurred and
confused two separate issues,
presented q great deal Of
false information and innu-
endoes, and emphasized the
wrong points in the wrong
place, while simultaneously
violating the standards" he
would impose on others. In
his discussion Of the crime
situation here, Mr.. Cumby
successfully confuses the is
sues involved by contaminat-
ing the discussion with the
separate issue of faulty pro-
test and presentation-which
"self-appointed spokesmen,"
he attributes first to some
then to plain laymen, and
finally by innuendo to most
representatives in the Negro
community. Frankly, we fail
to see how improvement in
the quality Of protest by
some Negro leaders will cor
rect or ameliorate the crime
situation.
We find, after separating
these two issues, that Mr..
Cumby's views on crime are
quite Observation-Disclosures
an amazing degree Of de-
tachment and naivete, his
recommendations for solu-
ton trite. and his long series
of pronouncements on repug-
Evening star., 1963-05-05
FROM THE STAR FILES. .

us; but while we mourn his
death. we feel that his spirit
still lives, and will inspire
the whole army with his in
domitable courage and un-
shaken confidence in God as
our hope and strength. Let
his name be a watchword to
his corps, who have followed
him to victory on so many
fields. Let officers and SOL
diers emulate his invincible
determination In defense of
our beloved country. ="
Jackson's left arm was am
putated in an effort to save
his life. When Lee heard Of
this. he said: HE has lost
his left arm, but I have lost
my right" And so he had,
for the Confederate Army
was not the same after
Charlottesville.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
The French and the Atom

AS a sovereign nation, France has
every right to adhere to President de
Gaulle's policy Of building up an inde-
pendent nuclear and thermonuclear
force. Within the present decade, this
force-in terms of destructive power
and delivery systems-may well become
the most formidable in the world after
that Of the Soviet Union and the United
States. But still, assuming that 1t
achieves superiority over Britain's, 1t
will be in a relatively weak position In
the league-somewha like our Senators,
who now have rather firm grip on
the cellar
This is what makes the French
atomic hydrogen military effort seem
dubious at best. Why 60 forward with
1t when there is no hope Of coming even
close to matching the American and So
Wet arsenals2 AS member Of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization, why
should France engage In such costly
venture2 Why should 1t not rather follow
the example Of the other NATO allies,
including Britain, In relying upon the
overwhelming nuclear power OF the
United States2 Why go through waste
fui duplicating process2 Why not leave
the whole business up to America In
an interallied system Of command
decisions2
Well, the overall answer is that
General de Gaulle is distrustful OF such
a system and determined to have inde-
pendent A and H power, weak though 1t
Evening star., 1963-05-05
Montgomery Aroused

tory, the slogan Throw the
rascals out" has been used
during political campaigns.
There is q manifest need for
this slogan to be revived at
once.
Joe Els,
Chairman, School Issues
Committee, Kensington-
Wheaton Democratic Club.
It is true that the five
Republican members Of the
Montgomery County Council
we're elected on a platform Of
economy and that they are
admirably responding TO what
they consider to be their
mandate from the people.
But the central issue Is
whether at this time the
majority OF the citizens Of
Montgomery County are in
favor Of such economy moves
at the expense OF the quality
OF education.
I, therefore, suggest that
the PTA's, League OF Wom-
en- Voters and/or American
Association Of u University
Women organize a petition
either 10 request a referen-
dunn on this issue or. II II is
possible 10 obtain the sigma
lures OF the majority OF the
voters In the county. direct
ly demand a return TO the
former philosophy OF main
tenance OF high educational
standards.
1t Is entirely possible that
the councils current view
does indeed represent the
majority. II this is so. then
these e educational needs,
which seem so important 10
some OF us, must be met In
another way such as per-
sonal contribution on the
part OF parents TO support
what the community as q
whole considers "frills."
Parker A. Small, Jr., MD.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
Pay for Old Soldiers

Until four years ago, military re-
tirement pay was based on active-duty
pay scales for each rank. The 1858 pay
act, which sharply adjusted active-duty
rates, ditched the traditional retirement
formula, and allowed those who had
turned in their uniforms before the pas
sage OF the act only per cent cost
of-living increase. Those who retired
later, Of course, started from the higher
base Of their active-duty pay-creating
double standard which was inequitable
to the older soldiers.
Now, In its new pay bill, the House
Armed Services Committee has voted to
perpetuate that injustice by refusing to
permit the old retirees to recompute
their retirement on the basis of the 1858
pay rates. This action flies in the face
Of a strong recommendation to the con-
trary by the Defense Department. It
overturns a unanimous action Of its
own subcommittee. Finally, 1t consti-
tutes an out-and-out reversal OF policy
by the full committee itself, which waged
a strong fight and actually won House
approval for the recomputation provi-
sion in 1860. It's report attempts to Jus
tify this latest action on the basis Of
excessive cost.
This was not valid argument In
1858. 1t was not valid in 1860, when the
House action was thwarted by recall
citrant Senate. And It has no validity
today-as a means Of avoiding equal
treatment The issue involved is wheth-
er there should be uniform rate for
all retirees. We think there should be.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
100 Years Ago

Charlottesville was not
one battle, but three. The
Confederates won two and
lost one. Lee lost his best
general, "Stonewall" Jackson.
And Fighting Joe" Hooker
almost lost his head. On the
seco;.d day of the four-day
fighting MAY Ia. 1859, a
Confederate cannon ball
struck q pillar of the house
Hooker was using as head
quarters. A piece Of falling
masonry rendered him un-
conscious, and for the rest OF
that day he seemed dazed.
Things looked bright for the
Army of the Potomac as 1t
cut through the woods past
Charlottesville and headed
for open ground and the rear
of the Army of Northern
Virginia. But instead Of re-
treating toward Richmond, as
Hooker thought they might,
or digging in for a defensive
action, the Confederates at
tackled. AS he rode into Chan
cellorsville, Hooker told his
staff: II have Lees army In
one hand and Richmond in
the other" The fighting at
Charlottesville proper, in
the wilderness area. at
Marye's Heights and Salem
Church, resulted In some 30,-
900 killed, wounded. captured
or missing troops, about IT,
900 Of them In blue and the
remainder In gray. Jackson
and Lee we're at their best
at Charlottesville. Lee di-
vided his outnumbered army
and Jackson, In one Of his
famous fast marches, lie d
three divisions around the
Union right flank and fell
on its rear. The Star OF May
8, 1868, quoted a New York
Times correspondent VIII o
witnessed the movement OF
Jackson's troops: 1T became
apparent that Stonewall
jackson with a heavy force
was executing a sudden
movement on our right. and
IL was at once resolved TO
checkmate him. The
rattle OF musketry soon be-
came q long continued crash,
and In q few moments, as
battalion after battalion be-
came engaged. the roar sur
passed all conception and In
dicated that the fight would
be one OF the most terrible
nature. The exploits OF
our gallant troops in those
dark. tangled, gloomy woods
may never be brought 10
light, but they would FIJI a
hundred volumes. II was a
deliberate, desperate hand
to-hand conflict. and the
Evening star., 1963-05-05

There can be no illusions
left for those who believed
that the present majorities
on the County Council and
the Board of Education Of
Montgomery County could
achieve economies and main
tain adequate service. The
retrogressive direction OF
these two bodies has now
been demonstrated. 1t Is up
TO the voters TO let 1t be
known whether or not they
wish TO see us descend to the
standards and services Of q
quarter Of a century or more
ago in what was once a for
ward-looking community.
In our schools we were
promised better quality with
less expenditure. The spend
ing OF fewer dollars has been
achieved, but at what cost!
The true mark OF quality in
a school system is In the
achievement OF effective
ratios, set by the educational
authorities. OF students TO in
structor and students 10 spe-
cialists In all areas OF a well
rounded instructional pro-
gram geared TO present day
requirements. The mark OF
quality in a school system Is
shown through It's COUNSEL
ling and diagnostic service,
the depth OF It's foreign Ian
guage program. the strength
OF research in curriculum de-
velopment, the quality and
number Of library books and
staff and the numbers and
modernization efforts Of the
text books being supplied.
In every one Of these areas.
the present majorities on our
county council and school
board have substantially low
cred standards. Our taxes
have been lowered infinites-
imally. hut at what a cost
Many times during our his
Evening star., 1963-05-05

nance totally unnecessary for
any sophisticated readers.
Our own views on the gravity
Of the crime situation here
were expressed in a recent
editorial which appeared in
the Washington Post april
20, 1859 entitled Crime
Rate" We feel that the sit
uation here has too often
been exaggerated and dis
torted, when in fact it COM
pares favorably with other
large cities. This comparison
is not suggested as an excuse,
but to place the problem in
proper perspective and to
note the relationship between
segmentS Of our society hav-
ing similar problems and fac
ing similar restrictions and
Illustrations.
There seems to be suffi-
cient evidence to sustain the
assertion that crimes Of the
violent sort-which seem to
concern us most-reSult pri-
marily from the antiSocial
activities of a relatively few
individuals reacting against
an environment of social and
economic deprivation and
Illustration from which they
see no escape. In order for
any corrective measures to be
successful, they must be
designed to reach and make
an impression on the poten-
tial offender; too many pro-
grams and proposals are not
designed to establish this
kind of rapport.
Thus, we feel that in the
present crime situation the
greatest emphasis and effort
should be directed toward an
immediate and fundamental
attack on the basic causes of
crime, as so eloquently stated
by Frank Reeves in The Eve
ming Star March 20, 1859
by the Washington Post
april 20, 1859, and by
many others. While we sup
port all measures to provide
an adequate, well-equipped
and properly trained police
force for the prompt appre-
hension Of the criminal. we
recognize that incarceration
is only a partial solution
which does not attack the
roots Of the problem. We are
greatly concerned about elm
mating the sources of crime
for many reasons, but pri-
marily because we are con-
vinced that this approach
will yield the greatest payoff
Only when we begin to cor
rect the crime-precipitating
conditions will we begin tc
find relief from the criminal
We feel that the RESPONSE
bility for preventing and con-
Evening star., 1963-05-05

carnage was perfectly fright
full. The rebels seemed
utterly regardless Of their
lives and literally threw
themselves upon the muzzles
of our guns. Cool officers
say the dead and wounded
of the enemy covered the
ground In heaps. :" (Jack-
son was one Of these. being
shot down at dusk by ac-
cident by one Of his own men
as he surveyed his front
lines0 First word that Hook
er had been defeated ap-
peared In The Star of May
8, 1868: Harrisburg. May 8
The principal opera
ton Of Gen. Hooker failed,
but there has been no serious
disaster to the organization
and efficiency Of the army.
It is now occupying its for
mer position on the Rap
pahannock. having recrossed
the river without any loss in
the movement. :" The
Star OF Tuesday. May IL,
1853, told Of Jackson's death:
"Hq. Army Of the Potomac,
May IL: We have Richmond
papers OF yesterday contain
ing obituary notices Of Gen.
jackson, who died SUM-
day. :" The same day
this paper reprinted two gen.
eral orders by Lee. that had
appeared In the Richmond
Sentinel: "Chancellorsville
May ITO 1t. Gen. T. j.
jackson - General: ! have
Just received your note in
forming me that you were
wounded. I cannot express
my regret at the occurrence
Could ] have directed events,
/ should have chosen. for the
good OF the country. to have
been disabled In your stead.
/ congratulate you upon the
victory, which Is due TO your
skill and energy" "Hq. Army
OF Northern Virginia. May
IL: With deep grief, the COM
manding general announces
10 the army the death OF
1t. Gen. T. ]. jackson. who
expired on the 10th inst. at
3.l5 pm. The daring skill OF
this great and good soldier,
by the decree OF an all-wise
Providence, are now lost tc
Evening star., 1963-05-05

promise for the gardens next
generation of incensed glory.
Now, what is the name Of
the creature to which all
these admirable qualities can
be attached? Answer - the
honey bee! No garden has
a problem with a bee! Every
garden knows the menace
of the beetle.
Now our lawns and gar
dens are in many ways mi
crocosms of the world Of
human activities. There are
beetles as well as bees in
every field Of human en-
deavor. The one thought Of
the beetle is to alight on
some plant and to consume
1t for it's own aggrandize-
ment. 1t was said of a fl
nancier who belonged in the
beetle category, life to him
was just one huge stock ex-
change and his fellow crea-
lures only so many share
selling, share-buying, bipeds."
To him dividends meant
everything!
But thank God for those
who, like the bee, become
architects of future patterns
as they carry on the COM
merce of their own high pur-
poses as the pollenizers Of to-
morrow'S gardens. Such a one,
for instance, was Alice Free
man Palmer. In his auto
biography of her, her distin-
guiShed husband, whom 1 saw
unveil the Sculptured bust of
his wife in the Hall of Fame,
speaks about talking with a
Wellesley girl regarding the
impression that Mrs. Palmer's
great spirit made on her stu
dents. The girl said, when
I was called into her office,
either for commendation, a
social visit. or a reprimand,
I left her desk and her pres
ence feeling as If 1 had been
dipped in sunshine!"
DR.. Albert Schweitzer, after
all his glorious years of giving
in Africa, was recently asked
to visit America where he
would receive a tremendous
welcome. He has sent word
that at 88 these are his
golden years" yet uncertain
ones, and he must spend
them at his post of duty at
the hospital on which he has
written, so that even the ac-
quisitive world may read and
ponder, Ito live is to give"
For men, nations and civil
izations. the fundamental law
Of human life phrased a
thousand times by saints and
seers. was stated by Jesus of
Nazareth in matchless words
when He declared, "Whoso-
ever will save his life shall lose
it. but whosoever shall lose
his life for my sake, the same
shall find it."
Cursed be the destroyers
whose selfish breath is the
blight of death. Blessed are
the creators who dip every
thing in sunshine! And
blessed are those whose creed
this is, in a garden, and in
the world!