davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Continuing Menace

Our Governments latest figures on
Fidel CaStro'S military strength are any,
thing but reaSsuring. They remind us,
in effect, that the Red threat in our
hemisphere is not to be shrugged off and
that no other country in Latin Amer
ica-not even far bigger Brazil can at
present match the available armed pow
er Of Communist Cuba, relatively small
island with population of only mil
lion.
Thus, according to State Department
officials, the Castro regime has stand
ing army of $4,000 and a ready reserve
of 100000, and this force is backed by
the following: More than 100 MIG Jets,
including highly advanced types that
apparently are flown by Soviet pilots;
500 ground-to-ai missiles at launching
sites presumed to be manned by Rus
slams; IL vessels capable of firing short
range rockets; and about 20 Soviet
made transport planes, over 100 hell
copters, II United States B-26 bombers
and 10 British fighter bomberS. In
addition, the Kremlin serving Havana
tyranny has at its disposal such other
things as hundreds of tanks, $50 NOR
tarS and 1900 pieces of field artillery.
True, in relation to our own, this
arSenal-nearly all of it supplied by the
Soviet bloc-iS small thing. Neverthe-
less, although our Government regards
it as primarily defensive in character
unlike the offensive nuclear missiles and
bombers that Premier KhruShchev re-
Gently withdrew-it is formidable enough
when compared with that of Cuba's
neighborS in Latin America, or even
with what the United States has on hand
at the Guantanamo Naval Base, whose
surrender Dictator Castro has once
again demanded Though without threat
ening force). Further, fact to be kept
in mind is that the Kremlin still is main
tanning on the island large combat units
made up of several thousand men. OBJ
viouSly, until these troops are returned
to the USSR, the free Americas will have
every reason to be on guard against the
danger of Havana-Moscow program of
SuhverSion and aggression.
Above all, as long as Cuba remains
a Soviet base, and hence menace to
peace in the Caribbean, our Govern
ment will have to persist, as President
Kennedy has said, in maintaining OBJ
Servation and verification by our own
means daily" In sum, despite CaStroS
past talk about using his missiles against
our reconnaissance operations, we must
continue to keep strict watch on his
captive country Not to do so would be
folly of perilouS kind.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Change of Command

The post Of Supreme Commander,
Allied Forces in Europe, demands a
variety of talents not easily found in a
single individual. For aside from re-
spected military competence, this top
general among generals, If he is to do
his job we'll, must have the best instincts
of diplomat and sure sense of pub
lie relations" in a company where the
pride Of many nationalities is sensitive
and their attitude is sometimes stubborn.
Early in his career, Lauris Norstad
was tapped as one Of the bright young
professionals in the building Of Ameri-
can air power to its level OF awesome
effectiveness In World War II. 1t was
only few years after the end Of that
conflict, but after other star-winning
successes in the meantime, that General
Norstad became associated with the
NATO alliance and in late 1866 became
It's Supreme Commander. 1t is needless
to review here his accomplishments or
his difficulties, since then, other than to
say that these final years OF his service
have been as brilliant and as distin-
guished as all the rest OF his career.
He has turned his command over
now to General Lyman L. Lemnitzer, a
former chairman OF the Joint Chiefs Of
Staff and distinguished officer in his
own right. Retiring also from the Air
Force at the early age of 55, General
Norstad already has received a warm
and sincere well done" from govern
ments and colleagues in the NATo alli-
ance To this may be added good luck"
for the future.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
100 Yeurs AGO
H. B. Atkinson, Jr.

The advent of 1863 was
marked by a major battle in
Tennessee which this paper
was quick to term the turn
ing point" of the Civil War
an editorial appraisal con-
firmed in retrospect by some
historians. The South called
1t the Battle Of Murfrees-
boro, while Northern battle
flags that flew there after
ward added the legend Stones
River. for the stream Just
northwest of the city. BY any
name 1t was mass slaughter.
Gen. William s. Rosecran's
Union Army of the Cumber-
land was about $4,000
strong when fighting began
In earnest early on December
81, 1852. Thirteen thousand
of those were not around at
roll call three days later, be-
ing listed as killed, wounded
or missing. Gen. Braxton
Bragg's Confederate Army Of
Tennessee lost some 10000
men out Of its original
strength Of nearly 10000.
New heroes were born and
died there. The Blues Little
Phil" Sheridan fought like a
giant, as did his Gray coun-
terpart. Patrick Cleburne.
Death played no favorites in
rank. Sheridan's outfit alone
lost 70 officers. One portion
OF the rocky, wood : studded
battlefield earned the we'll
deserved name "Hell's Half
Acre" Both sides claimed
victory, but Bragg fell back at
battles end, leaving Rose
Grams TO occupy Murfrees-
boro. The foreclosures Of
the fighting was due TO the
willingness OF the troops,
Johnny Reb and Billy Yank.
alike. to slug II out. Both
Bragg and Rosecrans were
lavish in their praise Of their
men. who had matured into
what was called the greatest
fighting force In the world.
The battle was the main
news in The Star for a week.
on January 8. 1868. this
paper printed an official dis
patch sent TO Secretary
OF War Stanton from Nash
vile. Rebels whipped and
driven from Murfreesboro.
our forces pursuing. The
Rebels are retreating In the
direction OF Tullahoma The
Lords on our sidel Robert
B. Mitchell, Brig Gen. A
Star editorial analyzing the
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Mr.. Thont and Hungary

After Soviet armed power had saw
agely suppressed the 1855 revolt of the
freedom seeking Hungarian people, the
United Nations General Assembly enact
ed resolution calling upon the puppet
Budapest regime to admit special U. N.
representative to carry out a special
investigation and report back on condi-
tions existing in the captive country.
The admission was never granted,
and at the ASSembly'S most recent ses-
sion, the representatives post was abol-
ished and his responsibilities handed
over to Secretary General U Thant
Since then Mr.. Thant has been invited
to visit among the Hungarians, and an
official article in one of BudapeSt's Com
munist newspapers has declared that he
will have "an opportunity to see for
himself that the situation in Hungary
is completely different from what it's
opponents claim"
Mr. Thant has agreed to make the
trip, but one may safely predict that he
will be unable to conduct any inquiry
worthy of the name. He will see only
what the Reds want him to see. If this
were not so, why is 1t that the special
U. N. investigator was never allowed to
enter the country for stay long enough
and open enough to permit him to get
a good idea of Hungary's status? The
Secretary General will have no time for
real study of the matter; his guided
tour will be too brief and restricted for
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Challenging FBI Site

The General Services Administra-
tion, as we'll as the Federal Bureau OF
Investigation itself, leaned strongly last
year toward the idea of locating the
long-needed new FBI building on the
north side of Pennsylvania avenue di-
rectly across from the Justice Depart
ment. A final choice was delayed, how
ever, by the initiation Of a presidential
commissions study of the future of
Pennsylvania avenue, and GSA Chief
Bernard Boutin took advantage Of that
delay TO order an intensive second look
at other potential sites throughout the
area. With the completion of these
studies, a determination now has been
made TO proceed with the project on
Pennsylvania avenue. II the design can
be developed without creating (as the
planners put it) another solid phalanx"
OF massive Federal buildings on the
north side OF the avenue, we think the
decision is a wise one.
For a certainty, many problems are
still 10 be worked out. The building
itself, intended to house $500 employees,
Will be extremely large-as the GSA has
indicated In earmarking tract extend
ing all the way from Ninth TO Tenth
streets NV and from E street to Penn
sylvania avenue. 1t is gratifying to hear,
however, that the proposal has encoun-
tered no opposition thus far from Federal
planning agencies, and that the Pennsyl-
vania Avenue Commission also is SYM
pathetic to the idea. With design funds
already cleared by Congress, negotia-
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Red Doctrine

President Kennedy recently
stated that we could live in
peace with the Soviet Union
If only Khrushchev would
concern himself with the real
interests of his people, name
ly, raising their standard Of
living. Others have expressed
the belief that Khrushchev
is sincerely interested in i'm
proving the lot of the en-
slaved people of the Soviet
Union, even to the extent Of
allowing more individual
freedom. They cite Khru-
shchev'S denunciation of
Stain as proof of this nebu-
louS theory.
Communistic rule is totali-
tarian-the ultimate applica-
tion Of police-state socialism.
The ruling clique of such a
society imperils it's domi-
nance by any relaxation Of
total control over the masses;
Khrushchev and his group
are not that naive. The fol-
lowing quotation by Lenin
exposes the true feeling the
Communists have for the
millions enslaved by their
despotic rule: 1T isn't a
question of Russia at all,
gentlemen. l spit on Russia
e. this is merely one phase
through which we must pass
on the way to a world revolu-
tion."
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Carl w. Ma
Man With Plan

Here's a way to recapture
So billion for the deficit Fed
eral budget. Ten million
dollars was appropriated for
a glorified fish bowl at Hams
Point, for this community of
$4,000.
Let's kick it back, cancel
the deal. And ask that every
group of $4,000 people in
the U. s. A. give back the
same amount of Federal pork
barrel spending. If that were
done, we'd have So billion in
the United States Treasury
which we do not now have.
It's worth considering!
And why plan to spend,
like a drunken sailor. vast
millions on a Federal college
of foreign service? We have
three outstanding universities
in the U. S. A. = George
Washington, Harvard and
Georgetown - which have
outstanding and recognized
courses in foreign service
Why not let them, and Other
American colleges which are
attempting to teach this
subject, do the job?
Must we always rush ir
to spend money to keep tax
payers constantly in a hole?
WnIAnr W Hnhhnrh
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Congressional Primer

The time is near. What time is
near? The time is near for the fight.
What fight? The fight between the
Good Men and the Bad Men.
Who are the Good Men2 The Good
Men are the Liberals.
Who are the Bad Men? The Bad
Men are the Conservatives.
What is a Liberal? A Liberal is
one who wants to do what is right.
What is right? The right is what the
Conservatives oppose.
What is a Conservative? A Con-
servative is one who wants to do what
is right. What is right? The right is
what the Liberals oppose.
Why do the Good Men want to
fight the Bad Men? Because the Bad
Men want to fight the Good Men.
Are all the Good Men Liberals? Yes.
Are all the Liberals Good Men? No.
Some of them are Left Wingers. Some
of them are Radicals. Some of them
are mushy minded. What is muShy
minded? Mushy minded is somebody
who does not make up his own mind.
Who makes it up? Somebody else.
Are all the Bad Men Conservatives?
Yes. Are all of the Conservatives Bad
Men? No. Some of them are Right
Wingers. Some are Reactionaries. Some
of them are ObStructioniStS. Some of
them are Southern Democrats who
vote like Republicans And some are
Republicans who vote like Southern
Democrats.
What are the Good Men and Bad
Men going to fight about now? What
they always fight about now: The rules
the Senate rules and the House rules.
What do the Good Men want to
do about the rules? Change them. Why
do they want to change them? So the
majority can vote on legislation op-
posed by the minority. Why do they
want the majority to vote? Because
the Good Men think they are in the
majority. Would the Good Men want
to change the rules If the Bad Men
had a majority? No.
What do the Bad Men want to do
about the rules? Make them stronger.
Why do they want to make them
stronger? To protect the minority. Why
do they want to protect the minority?
Because they believe they are in the
minority Would the Bad Men want to
change the rules if the Good Men had
a minority? Yes.
Are there any members of Congress
who vote for what they believe is best
for the country? Yes How many Of
them? The majority. Why is this not
generally known? Because it is not
interesting. On what do they base de-
cision on what is best for the country?
A Matter of Principle. What is Matter
of Principle? 1t is that on which one
bases a decision on how to vote. When
is a Matter of Principle not Matter
of Principle? When it is made the basis
of a decision to vote the wrong way
How does one know when to vote
the right way and when to vote the
wrong way2 That is what the Bad Men
and Good Men are all trying to find
out now.
Evening star., 1963-01-06

battle had this to say on
January 8, 1858: THE facts
received in Washington bear
ing on the great battles at
Murfreesboro furnish
ground for the strong hope
that the Union cause has
gained In them a substantial
victory of more Importance to
its future than any other
marking the progress of the
war to this time. II. as we
now believe, Gen. Rosecrans
has signally beaten the great
Rebel army contending with
him for the possession Of the
Department of the Cumber-
land he was sent to wrest
from them, the importance Of
his success can hardly be
overestimated. 1t must. II
properly followed UP. rescue
the command Of East Tennes-
see and Northern Georgia
from the Richmond author
ities, and at the same time
greatly strengthen the prob
abilities OF the success OF the
combined land and water
campaign for the rescue from
the Rebels Of the control OF
the Mississippi River between
Vicksburg and Port Hudson
which so far has enabled
them to obtain from Texas
the supplies they have drawn
from that State, which are OF
vital necessity to the success
OF their entire military oper-
ations. Al this moment
Grant. Banks and Porter's
fleet are fairly engaged In this
campaign. With the railroad
connections OF the Rebels In
East Tennessee and North
ern Georgia in our hands, or
at our mercy, as the result
OF Murfreesboro, and
with control OF the channels
OF communication between
Texas and Arkansas and the
rest of the States In revolt
as a result OF the Grant
Banks and Porter campaigns
Secessia will be fairly divided
into three isolated sections
and It's military strength wei
Evening star., 1963-01-06

Public Law No. 757, s4th
Congress, which authorizes
a franchise to the d. C.
Transit System, reads like
the answer to a letter to
Santa Claus. 1t states in de-
tail all the goodies that Con-
gress intends to provide for
the Transit Company. saying
Congress will maintain a
continuing interest in the
welfare Of the Corporation,
and its investors" but / fail
10 see where any considera-
tion is provided for the tran
sit-riding public.
The transit company's orig
inal investment has long
since been recovered. school
children's fares have been in
creased, gasoline taxes have
been eliminated and further
removal OF street car tracks
has been postponed.
How can this company's
greed be satisfied,
Include all earnings as OPP
irrational earnings. combine
all real estate profits as OPP
irrational earnings and also
the salvage value Of obsolete
equipment.
Let us not guarantee a 6ia
per cent return upon an
amount which the investors
have already recovered.
Let us not agree 10 an In
crease In fares, 10 purchase
additional equipment, upon
which they will also demand
a 61s per cent return.
Richard J. Whitworth.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Hero or Dictator

In The Sunday Star Of
December 80 there appeared
an article concerning the ac-
tivities Of Angler Biddle Duke.
the State Departments pro-
tocol chief. One paragraph
was extremely interesting
since 1t described Porfirio
Diaz as a Mexican hero and
stated that a picture Of Don
Porfirio was presented to the
Mexican head Of state.
Adolfo Lopez Mateos, as a
gift. Unless the entire purpose
and background Of the Mex
lean revolution begun in
1910 by Madero ir response TO
a falsified reelection Of Diaz
have changed within the past
few days 1t is difficult TO
see how Diaz can be classi-
fled as a hero within any
reasonable definition OF the
word. The only ones ever Ia
look upon Don Porfirio with
such admiration vere the
foreign commercial interests
which exploited Mexico dur
ing his more than 80 years
OF dictatorship,
KnnAh n Gilman L.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
a Free Cuba

You are so right about the
situation in your editorial
"a Free Cuba"
The President is now al
lowing himself words of
anger about Castro, one al
most can call them words Of
Illustration. The President
does not realize that a social
revolution has taken place
in Cuba. not the usual Latin
American revolution where a
general and a group replaces
another general and another
group without anything
essential happening. After
1776, 100000 native-born
Americans had to leave the
Thirteen Colonies and their
property because they could
not adjust to the new social
condition; over 100000 Aris-
tos left France after 1875, and
one million White Russians
left Russia after 1918.
The people in Miami so
close to the Presidents heart
are the VedadoistS, the we'll
to-do middle class and mil
lionaires who never in their
lives gave a thought to the
peon of Cuba. They have not
even now read the sign on the
wall; what they call freedom
Is freedom to continue the
old life of luxury and swim
ming pools. They have no
program except the general
ity of freedom; they have no
unity among themselves ex-
cept hatred Of Castro, nor
do they have leaders except
the old selfish group of scat
terbrains. These surely do not
represent the Cuban people
and never did. For the Presi-
dent to encourage these peo-
pie shows merely that Mr..
Kennedy'S Cuban policy is
one of retaliation and per-
sonal pique against the Gu
ban dictator.
The important thing in
Cuba now is what the six
million poems and workers re-
naming on the island think
and want. Do they want the
Miami patriots in prefer
ence to what they have
now? I doubt it, and the
President must know that
we cannot beat somebody
with a nobody. In short, we
want to turn back the wheel,
of history, which would be q
good trick If it could be done
I believe President Kennedy
will live to acknowledge the
hopelessness of his views. A
new way of life is being i'm
posed upon the Cuban peo-
pie; none can tell what 1t will
end at. but it will not surely
return to the point Of de.
parture because the President
wants 1t.
Joseph |. Puente.
Evening star., 1963-01-06

Every inch of promises on
their part has to be policed
because we deal with those
who have no standards OF
morality. They agree to Moth
ing, which in the long
run, is not to their ad-
vantage. To talk about CO.
existence with such a system
is about as realistic as put
ting q dove and q rattle
snake in the same cage.
Billy Graham has spoken
to more people than any
man living. He is just back
from facing harsh facts with
regard to the Communist
menace around the world and
this is what he has to say
to the people of all the
churches-"The Communists
have been winning during
the past 20 years. This is
the unvarnished truth and it
is time we faced 1t squarely.
From my vantage point of
world travel the view is far
from encouraging. During the
past few years when the free
world finally struck back
the Communist machine has
merely paused, regrouped,
and started using other tao
tics. They have often used
smiles - employed peace
which led to Western re-
taxation only to frown sud-
denly and resume aggres-
SION" Then comes this con-
fession which Billy Graham
makes for many of US
Some of us have panicked
as we have viewed with hor-
ror the rise and spread of
the anti-God colossus of ma
terialism at home and of
communism abroad. So we
have become defenders rather
than crusaders.
Wrapped up in this phrase,
Let us invade" is a burn
ing exhortation that as, like
a mighty army moves the
church of God, over its
marching ranks there be
lifted the banners of that
holy zeal and dedication that
enabled the early Christians
to vanquish the ancient gods
of paganism, and within 800
years, to lift the cross of
the despised GaliIean higher
than Rome's proud eagles.
They did that because, as
pointed out In an oft quoted
passage, they "out-thought,
out-lived, and out-died thu e
pagans."
AS we invade we must af-
firm and reaffirm those
spiritual principles upon
which Christian democracy
rests. The tenets of that
creed, after the proclamation
of belief in God. the Father
Almighty, is belief in the
dignity and worth of every
human being.
This all means that the
church needs to develop an
atmosphere in which martyrs
are made-as Lester DeKol-
ster has put it THE
church's whispers must be-
come shouts; her lethargy
must become enthusiasm: I:
and her subdued light must
become a beacon set upon
the hilltops of the world. "
Let us invade!
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Year 1000 Plan

The year 1000 Plan" for
the Washington area presents
a method for discouraging
suburban sprawl and, by so
doing, makes feasible the
preservation for future gen.
erations of some open space.
This concept has been ap-
proved by many area planners
and officials from the Presi-
dent on down.
The citizens of Prince
Georges and Montgomery
Counties now have an oppor-
tunity to add their support
to the Year 1000 Plan" They
can do this by approving the
proposed new General Plan"
for development of the two
counties prepared by the
professional staff of the
Maryland National Capital
Park and Planning Commits
sion. This plan, based on the
corridor concept of the Year
1000 Plan" would concen-
trate future development
along major roads. The space
between these population
corridors would be kept in
relatively open uses for
farms, orchards, estates,
country clubs, parks and
large lot residential use.
Public hearings, before the
Planning Commissioners, are
being held in both counties.
All public-spirited citizens, in
terested in conservation Of
our natural resources, good
planning with resultant
lower taxes), the discourage
ment of suburban sprawl,
and the preservation for the
future of some of our
God-given woodlands, fields.
streams and wildlife, should
come to one of these hear
ings and express their ap-
proval of this plan. Those
who cannot come to a hear
ing can express their ap-
proval by writing to the
Planning Commission.
H. B. Atkinson, Jr.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
80
Nothing Respected

What has become OF good
taste in American Last year
Bob Newhart was applauded
for parodnng a circumstance
that eliminated In Lincoln's
death, and this year Mimic
Vaughn Meader is getting
rich by parodying Kennedy.
Exploiting the accent, the ac-
tions and the private life Of
the President OF the United
States as matters for mirth
seems TO me TO be In the
worst possible taste. Have
we really become so jaded in
America THAT we respect
nothing2 so materialistic
that our national policy is,
IF It's good for business, who
cares7"
Ruth Smock..
Evening star., 1963-01-06

tions with architects can start almost
Immediately. The result-apart from
meeting the needs of the FBI-will be
an excellent test of the theories about
which we have been hearing so much for
a dramatic revitalization of the entire
north side of Pennsylvania avenue.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
FROM THE STAR FILES.

nigh destroyed. (Thus) we
regard the Murfreesboro bat
ties - if they have, as we
believe, resulted in q sub
stantial and important Union
victory - as Of more import
ance to the good cause than
even the reduction of Rich
mond would be at this time
Evening star., 1963-01-06

LETTERS TO THE STAR
,en nnnes tnnn be ,Ls.

Pen names may be used II
letters carry l0riterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used mill be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied by self addressed,
stamped envelopes.