davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-22
UPHEAVAL IN ASIA -, e.
An Army Is Only One India Problem

tary hierarchy are back in po.
sitions of influence. The army
is being re-equipped and re-
deployed. The next round, pre-
sumably, will come as no sur
prise.
Yet the problem goes deeper
than this. The lessons to be
drawn from the Chinese attack
are emerging slowly as the rea-
sons for the debacle become
clearer.
The first is a formidable lack
of communications in the from
tier area. So far as Ladakh is
concerned, Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru admits can
didly, Its impossible to reach
the wretched place" And dur
ing the fighting in october and
November this proved all too
true.
When the first attack was
launched on october 20, six of
India's 10 divisions were To-
Gated in their normal canton
ments in Kashmir and Punjab,
keeping their eye firmly on
Pakistan. There were two bri-
gadeS in, Ladakh, only one of
which was oriented against the
Chinese frontier.
To the East. in NEFA, the
military force consisted of
small units Of platoon and
company strength, consisting
largely of the Assam Rifles.
Further south In the Assam
plain, the equivalent Of a di-
vision was in operation against
the rebellious Naga trabesmen.
Supply by Air
After the first attack, the
most strenuous efforts were
made to reinforce the threat
ened regions, notably in NEFA.
Yet on November 5 the brunt
of the heavy Chinese thrust In
this area was borne by a single
division, dug in at 13,500 feet
on the Sc La ridge, and a
brigade airlifted in light planes
to Walong near the Burma
frontier. Both of these units
lacked normal artillery support.
was almost entirely by
air in terrain where airdropS
are highly impractical.
The second lesson being pom
dered today is one Of military
tactics. Given the fighting con-
ditions, the consensus now is
that the order to hold on the
Sc La Ridge should never have
been given. The terrain, 1t is
felt, is far more suited to guer-
rilla tactics by well equipped
troops than to classic
defensive actions. Equally criti-
ticized is the system of small
Isolated frontier posts that we're
quickly mopped up by the Chi
nese in Ladakh.
The tactical problem, In turn,
was greatly complicated by an
almost total lack of intelligence
or even reconnaissance on the
Indian side. 1t was one thing
to have overlooked a Chinese
buildup which, by conservative
estimates, had been going on
Evening star., 1963-01-22

II i've JlIneS, dJJdCk HlIu. II
you are equal in number and
superior in fighting power, en-
gage him. Otherwise, avoid
conflict"
Emotional Complication
What complicates the mill
tary equation in India today
is the emotional demand that
India's army must be able to
defend every square foot of
claimed Indian territory. 1t is
highly improbable that this de-
mand will be fulfilled. The
capability for dislodging China
from the Aksai Chin region of
Ladakh, for example. seems far
beyond anything that can be
reasonably envisaged at this
point.
What India can do is to build
the kind of force that would
make any future border incur
sions extremely costly for the
Chinese. And for the defense
of India itself, even a modest
improvement in manpower and
equipment would rebuild conf
dence and serve as a serious
deterrent to the Chinese.
Military opinion is unani-
nous that a real invasion of
India would demand a vastly
greater effort than the Chinese
mounted this fall. 1t would de-
mand a secure base, either in
Nepal in the north or Burma
in the east and a buildup of
perhaps a year before a sue
ceSsful attack could be
launched. There is nothing in
the present picture to indicate
that Mao nurses any such
grandiose ambitions.
The mood in Delhi, there
fore, has Subsided considerably
from the fever-pitch reached
in November and December.
Today there is far less wild
talk about raising huge mass
armies to fight the Chinese
with their own tactics" and i'm
mediate military assistance
from the West running into
billions of dollars.
There is even little talk
about the need for doubling
the size of India's 500,O00-man
professional volunteer army.
An obvious weakness is the
lack of a base for rapid expan-
sion since there is no organ
lied reserve in India and no
equivalent Of the National
Guard. Increasin- the size of
the army now seems more of
a problem of equipment and
officer training than an urgent
need for bodies-a commodity
which India has never lacked.
The most glaring weakness
and also one of the most diff
Evening star., 1963-01-22
Third Of Five Articles


the army and the confidence
Of the army in its own leader
ship. Both hit rock bottom in
the bleak days Of early Novem-
Der. Unless they can be rebuilt
before the next round Of the
struggle with China, India
could we'll be lost without a
fight.
The public, as already noted,
has responded with an enthu-
siasm that is both touching
and promising, but not very
practical.
The outpourings Of patriotic
spirit the rallies, Embarrassing
ceremonies and knitting bees
remind one of the post-Pearl
Harbor atmosphere in the
United States. The rush to the
recruiting stations will not
solve anything. The maidens
who refuse to marry until their
suitors have driven out the
invader" may have a long time
to wait.
The politicians have re-
sponded to the challenge like
politicians everywhere. They
started by blaming each other
(along with the Chinese, of
course) and have gone on to
draw public attention to every
other factor which might con-
ceivably have affected the per-
Torrance of the Indian troops.
Certain Truth
There is a certain truth to
these arguments. The policies Of
V.K. Krishna Menon as Defense
Minister injected politics into
the army, forced the resigna-
ton Of a number of able Off
GERS and were undoubtedly
ruinous to morale. 1t might
have been expected, too, that
forces equipped and trained to
fight the Pakistanis would not
do brilliantly against the Chi
nese. Or that men conditioned
to the plains of India would
find the terrain in Ladakh and
the Northeast Frontier Agency
frightening enough even with
out an invading army to con-
tend with.
To emphasize these factors,
however, is to minimize the
real military problem that
faces India today. Mr.. Krishna
Menon has gone and a num-
Der Of his enemies in the mill
Evening star., 1963-01-22

however, that this group does
not include anyone who has
ever seen the Indian army in
action. Nor. it would seem,
those who will be calling the
tune in this latest showdown
with Communist military power
in Asia.
Tomorrow: what Price
Freedom.
Evening star., 1963-01-22
Price Tag Relative

At the moment, in addition
to emergency equipment which
the United States has supplied
at a cost of more than $40 mil
lion, the emphasis is on build
ing up production of basic ar
maments and ammunition. II
this is done, the price tag will
not be a small one, though
perhaps, in comparison to the
stakes involved, less stupen-
dous than originally was
thought.
The prospect, inevitably, pro-
vokes the question of whether
the Indians in a real show
down would fight. It is the
same question. asked by the
same people, that one heard
throughout the period of the
Marshall Plan and the buildup
of NATO in Europe indeed, in
every case where the American
Government has sought to
strengthen resistance to mill
tary communism around the
globe.
There are plenty Of Ameri-
cans including powerful mem
bers of Congress- who don't
believe anyone can fight unless
he is a Communist or an
American, preferably from
Texas-or possibly from Geor-
gia. 1t may be worth noting,
Evening star., 1963-01-22
BY CROSBY S. MOVES
Foreign Correspondent Of The Star

NEW DELHI, of the prob
lens facing India today, the
military problem, for the first
time, holds top priority.
It was the ract OF military
defeat that has. forced the po-
litical leaders to reverse policies
that have guided India for the
last is years, 1t is the obvious
need for military muscle that
confronts the nation with the
prospect of new economic
burdens.
Essentially it is a problem of
restoring public confidence in
Evening star., 1963-01-22
Europe's Spring
begins in Britain

Britain's Spring begins in late February.
That's when the daffodils and geraniums take
Winter by surprise. By March, the whole
country is a flower garden, and Spring Fever is
in the air. The weather will surprise you
with its gentle kindness, too. The only signs
of Winter left are the low, off-season prices.
Evening star., 1963-01-22
B0AC has the only direct jets
from Washington to London

Before March 31st, you can fly round-trip
Economy Class Washington-London fora
modest $3So7o aboard a BOAC Rolls-Royce
7o7 jetliner. This is the 17-day Excursion ,
Fare. And BOAC has some wonderful and
inexpensive of-season all-expense vacations
for you BOAC's Escorted Val-U-Tours
and Independent Thrift Tours offer you
magnifcently low cost way Of seeing Britain
and Europe. From London BOAC/BEA
have over 400 flights week to the major
cities of Europe. When you fly by BOAC
you'll find the service a delight. Impeccable.
You're in Britain the moment you put
yourself in BOAC's hands.
Catch Spring Fever early, see your Travel
Agent or call your BOAC or Cunard office.
Evening star., 1963-01-22

United States and the British
Commonwealth nations will be
presented with a substantial
part of the bill.
Evening star., 1963-01-22

"If five times, attack him. If
you are equal in number and
superior in fighting power, en-
gage him. Otherwise, avoid
conflict"
The Fort Apache scout., 1963-06-01

said, I've come to move the IL
brary to its new quarters.
The north room of Alchesay
Hall has been its home ever
since.
There are now six hundred
registered borrowers including
many Apache families. The
number Of books has increased
to three thousand six hundred.
There is a section of children'S
books and the library is a popu-
lar place for children of the area
especially during the summer
months.
There are books on history,
travel, and adventure as we'll as
many novels. Books about the
Southwest and the Apache In
dianS have drawn the interest of
graduate students from various
colleges. There are several sets
of encyclopedias including a set
donated by the late DIR. Byron
Cummings of Kinishba fame.
One large section is filled
with an extension library on
loan from the University of Ari-
zOna, Tempe.
For those interested in his
tory, the glass cases and a table
in the front of the library pro-
vide interesting moments OF stu
dy. There are several old record
books from the days when Fort
Apache was military post.
Written in beautiful flowing
longhand, these old ledgers list
many of the names of the per-
sonnel at the army post.
Other items of interest are an
1871 Harpers Weekly and a
The Fort Apache scout., 1963-06-01
FOR % YEARS
Library In
Our Service
Bv Elaine Valverde

WHITERIVER - The Pub
lie Library of Whiteriver will
be having a birthday this fall.
Few people in the area realize
that the Public Library here
represents twenty-nine years of
work on the part of the Fort
Apache Woman'S Club.
In the spring of 1884, mem
bers of the club decided that
what Whiteriver needed was a
library. Since that time, it has
been the main project of the
club, which is a member of the
National Federation of WOm-
ans Clubs.
Miss Charlotte Biester, who
was president of the club at that
time, and Mrs. Mildred Neive,
president-elect, took the matter
to Superintendent DOnner. He
agreed that it was a fine plan.
Since the club did not func-
ton from May to September,
work and plans for the library
went on quietly during the sum-
mer.
By the fall of that year, Su-
perintendent Donner had a
room prepared with shelves and
a new floor in an old building
on the grounds where the south
end of Alchesay Hall now
stands. In response to an appeal
for books, three hundred and
eighty-four were collected and
arranged on the shelves.
On November 25, 1884, the IL
brary was opened for use. The
club was proud of its effort and
invited guests from Flagstaff
and HolbrOok. Mrs. DeVaney,
librarian from Flagstaff, gave
club members a very encourag-
ing talk. Mrs. Micah Deputy
was the first librarian.
The library occupied quarters
in this old building until Octo-
Der, 1889, when plans devel-
oped to build Alchesay Hall.
While it was under conStruc-
ton, the library was moved to
the home of Miss Florence Nc
Knight. 1t was there for a year.
In the fall of 1910, Hinky Tos-
ca came with his big truck and
The Fort Apache scout., 1963-06-01

1912 Good Housekeeping maga-
zine. There is a collection of
metals given to Woman'S Club
in 1884 by U. S. Commissioner
Dan R. Williamson of Globe,
Arizona.
In another case, there is a la
beled collection of the various
minerals that can be found on
the reservation.
The library is open from
three to five o'clock Wednes-
day and Friday afternoons and
from ten until twelve Saturday
mornings. Residents of tn e
Whiteriver-Fort Apache COM
munity and the Hawley Lake
area may withdraw books by
paying a small fee for library
card.
Each year Womans club
raises money to pay a librarian
and to buy new books from the
sale of pies, cup cakes, sand
WicheS, snow cones, pop corn,
and coffee in a booth during the
Apache Tribal Fair.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
{ GzG,~ia% yours,
S1L BY GENE HeRSH -.
Boys Go On 5O-MiLe
Hike, to PrOUe What?

Now don't get wrong We the first encourage
the Youth Of America to daring and unusual deeds.
While we have been compmented on being daring
ourselves have often been accused Of being somewhat
unusual.
With this introduction, the venture of
eight members Of the East Cleveland YMCA who will
50-me trek at a. M, Eyes, said three o'clock
in the morning) Saturday to the Ys Centervie Mills
Camp near Aurora and back.
We attest to the fact that this is long hike, be-
cause get tired driving that far
In all due respect to the eight brave souls Larry
Kester, Bill Johnson, Bob Kish Bill Letso, Ken Smith,
Jim Schmitz, John Hamilton and Ward Freeman, who
making the hike question the logic of their
True, the president is sressng physical fitness and
60-mile hike is, at the moment, symbol of good red
booded American endurance
The idea that with such physical fitness the young
people OF America will be ready for any national
But what happens if the national emergency occurs
right after these stalwart lads finish their 5Omie
marathon?
We think they will be tired to care let alone come
to the rescue of us of the rocking chair set.
At rate, wish the boys lots of luck and hope they
find what they are looking for.
EXCLUSIVE! Special to the East Cleveland Leader
from San Paulo, Brazil from school board men,
Der and swm fan, Richard Gottron, that young ladies
from Arizona 0ho qualified for the Pan American Games
IN diving trials at Shaw High School in March, medals
for the United States Team IN three-meter diving compe-
tition last Thursday
Barbara Ellen McAhster s0ho aoon the hqh board
event at Shao took first place gold medal for the U S.
WhIe Patsy Willard acho the competition
and Was second in hree-meer diving at Sha0 CAPTURED
third place bronze medal.
Gottron 'orites that he and his aoe, Kay sow these
girls off when they left Miami Fla for Brazil and it took
three Jets, each carrying 145 athletes TRANSPORT the
United States force to the coffee country
ut was great thrill just to such fine group of
youngsters all assembled in one place." said Gottron.
GOOD NEWS Rev Howard M. Wells, erstwhle pastor
OF the First Presbyterian Church. reports that he has
bought home at 9O9 Beverly rd, in Cleveland Heights
and plans to move in by the end of May.
At present he is in New York where he has been
writing some sprighty columns for the church bulletin
entitled Regards from Broadway"
CLUB, ANYONE? The older citizens of our connmuuitu
are invited to join recently formed "Senor Club" that
meets the second and fourth Fridays of month at the
East Cleveland Baptist Church. Rosemont and Euclid aves
att 80 p
Contact Miss Faye Spe"ca for further information
WANTED: especially for this GoldenAge group is q
lady to play piano duets Miss Spenca has all the details
onths also.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
Zeto CHS To
Install Slate

Zeta Chi members Of Beta
Sigma Phi sorority will meet
tonight at Society National
Bank, 240 East 228th st. at 8
p. m. for semi-monthly meet
ing. Revealing of secret sisters
will take place at this time.
Installation of new officers
will take place, and refresh
ments will be served by the re-
firing board.
The following members are
scheduled to visit Ohio Boys
Town during the month of May:
Miss Muffie Bone, Miss Jane
Benson and Mrs. Mary isis"
Cavell. The ladies at the Lau-
rels Home on Nottingham rd.
will be visited by Miss Caroline
McKalen, Mrs. 10 Seay and
Mrs. Ruth Price.
On Thursday, May 9th, the
members, with their mothers
and guests, will celebrate
Mothers Day at the Alcazar
Hotel with a buffet supper.
Members are reminded that
May 9Th is the deadline for
sending in registration fees for
Ohio Beta Sigma Phi Conven-
tion at the Commodore Perry
Hotel in Toledo on May oath,
25th and 26th.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
J, Russell Thorn psOn

Funeral services were con-
Quoted Monday at st. James
Lutheran Church for j. Rus
sell for 80 years manager of
the body shop at the former
Economy Buick.
Mr.. Thompson, who had re-
sided at 1882 East 135th st.
for the past % years was a
member Of Pentalha Lodge No.
636 F & AM and Lake Erie
Consistory of the Scottish
Rite.
He had been a member of
st. James Lutheran Church
for 35 years and of it's choir
for the same length of time.
He served with the US. Army
Engineers during World War l..
Surviving are his wife, Ber-
tina; a daughter, Mrs. Dorothy
Duthie of Erie, Pa; three
grandchildren; a brother, Lau-
renee Thompson of Woodland,
Calf, and three sisters, Mrs.
Sybil McElvain of Sharon
Pa; Mrs. Mayme Kennedy of
Butler, Pa. and Mrs. Pearl Alt
man of Cleveland.
Contributions can be made
to the J. Russell Thompson
Memorial Fund Of st. James
Lutheran Church.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
Miss Lulu B. McCarroll

A teacher at Prospect Ele-
mentary and Kirk Junior High
from 1910 until her retirement
in 1885, Miss Lulu B. McCarroll
died April oath in Detroit,
Mich.
Miss McCarroll attended
Lockhaven Normal College,
Lockhaven, Pa. and Indiana
State University. She taught in
various Pennsylvania schools
and in Parkersburg, West Va.
before coming here.
She was a member of the
Eastern Star, the Windermere
Methodist Church and a former
member of the Women's City
Club.
She is survived by two
nieces, Mrs. Mildred Gipson of
Toledo and Mrs. Mabel Reindel
of Detroit.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02

Ia., and attended the University
Of Michigan and the University
of Munich. He was an instruc-
tor at Michigan and Cornell be-
fore joining WRU.
Surviving besides his wife
are two sons, DR.. Harold Wig
gers of Albany and Raymond
of Wilmette, Ill.
Memorial services were at 2
p. m. Wednesday at Amasa
Stone Chapel, Western Reserve
University.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
DR.. Carl J. Wiggers

DR.. Carl ]. Wiggers, world
famed for his work in heart and
blood pressure research died
last Saturday at his home,
1890 Terrace I'd.
For a time, DR.. Wiggers was
the subject Of a search in the
area when his wife Minnie re-
ported him missing. He was
found in the bathroom adjoin-
ing his bedroom. Cause of his
death appeared to be heart
failure.
DR.. Wiggers, 70, retired as
head of the physiology depart
ment of Western Reserve Uni
versity 10 years ago. During
his 35 years with the school he
won wide acclaim for his heart
research work.
In 1852, DR.. Wiggers was
presented the Gold Heart
Award of the American Heart
Assn. In 1866, he won the AL
bert Lasker Award for distin-
guished achievement in cardio-
vascular research. In 1856 he
was given a gold medal as an
honorary member Of the faculty
Of the Royal Belgian Academy
Of Medicine.
Studied in Munich
For a few years after retire
ment, he was consultant to
the Cleveland Clinic. He was
the author of numerous books
and articles on medicine.
He was born in Davenport,
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02

groups, will appear at John
Carroll University Saturday,
May 4th.
The Freshmen, here under
sponsorship of Carroll's Univer-
sity Club, were discovered by
Stan Kenton in 1854. Since that
time, they have released 20
long-play albums and have won
all major jazz polls-Metro-
nome, Downbeat and Playboy.
Tickets for the concert, set
for $3.50 p. m. in the gym, are
available by calling the box Of
flee (YE 2-3sOO) or can be pur-
chased at the door.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02

For ADVERTISING Cali GlENvilLE 1888
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02

Funeral services were con-
Quoted Monday from St. Philo-
mena Church for Elizabeth
Carson (nee Platz), 1918 Shell
don ave. She was the wife of
Jesse F., the sister Of the late
May Andrews, Anna M. Betz,
John William and Jacob Platz;
aunt of Lawrence j. and Eve
lyn A. Betz and the late Nor
man j. Betz. Burial was in
Calvary Cemetery.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
World War !
Widows Meet

Widows of World War Inc.
Cleveland Chapter Alpha
will meet Sunday from 3 to
pm. at the Sheraton-C Cleveland
Hotel.
Mrs. James Kilduff, presi.
dent invites all World War
widows to the meeting.
For information call PO
1-4664 or LA. 1928.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
SO

drC|
WI
sem
q1
ira
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
Brigetta Giles

Funeral services were con-
Quoted Tuesday from st. Philo-
mena Church for Brigetta
GILES, (nee Meyer 1882
Orinoco ave. She was tho wife
of the late Christ P. Giles; the
mother Of Sylvester and Har-
vey, Coletta Bragg, Ursula Arm,
Germaine and the late Cyrilla
Meister; the sister of Mary
Meyer; grandmother and great
grandmother.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
SAVE

You can save on your classi.
fled advertising by bringing II
into our office and paying cash
or mail II in with cash or
stamps. ONLY 75c for 10 words.
MUST be received by II noon
on Wednesday.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1963-05-02
Freshmen Sing At JC Saturday

The Four Freshmen, known
as one of the nations most ver-
satile and lasting jazz singing
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-09-05
Legal Advertisement
Joe NJ. Kyle, Sol.
861 Pershing Drive
Silver Spring, Md.
Trustees Sale

OF valuable Real Property To-
Gated on G eOrgia Avenue,
WOodside, Silver Spring, Md.
BY virtue of the power and
authority conferred upon them
by a certain Deed of Trust
from James Kezios, unmarried,
to John H. Beers and w. E.
Beers, Trustees, dated October
4, 1861 and recorded among the
Land Records of Montgomery
County, Maryland, on October
II, 1861, in Liber 1897 at Folio
670, and at the request of the
parties secured thereby, default
having occurred in the terms
and conditions thereof, the un-
dersigned Trustees will offer
for sale at public auction the
aforesaid property on
TUESDAY, SEPT. "a, 1868
At Hoo o'clock AM.
all of the land located on
Georgia Avenue, Woodside, Sill.
yer Spring, Maryland, and de-
scribed in said Deed of Trust
as follows:
Lots 5, 6 and 7, Block A,
Woodside, as shown on a plat
recorded among the Land
Records of Montgomery
County in Plat Book A at
Plat IS, except that portion
conveyed by Pauline Scan
diffio, ct vir., to the state of
Maryland to the use of the
State Roads Commission of
Maryland, by a deed, dated
November IL, 1850 and re-
corded among the Land Rec
ords of Montgomery County
in Liber 1889 at Folio u.
Said property is unimproved.
1t is located on the west side
Of Georgia Avenue midway be-