davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
Great Debate on Foreign Aid

debate, they will put off the
civil rights issue to the point
where the North and the
Negroes, tired and frustrated,
lose heart. Or failing that,
the Southerners hope to
arrange matters so that
foreign aid and the tax bill
collide with civil rights on
the Senate floor-thus Great
ing the conditions for an
orgy of trading in which any
thing could happen.
In these circumstances, the
right thing to do is clear. In
the interests of civil rights,
the debate on aid ought to be
abandoned. And the lesson
1t teaches ought not to be
forgotten. What look like
great debates are at all
times to be regarded with
great suspicion. When the
Senate allows its time to be
taken up with hard and in
teresting questions, it is not
in the hope of finding an
swers. 1t is in the hope Of
stimulating alarums and ex-
cursions around conundrumS
which have no answers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
Senator's Follow-ThroUqh on Facts
Found Inspiring to People With Facts

Just said fatty that he did
not know anything about a
West German model dis
cussed in the press and
would not, therefore, men
ton her to the Rules Com
mittee which Is starting
work in private session.
The Senator's preferred
figures are of a different
kind. They may in the end
prove more formidable,
though he has not yet drawn
any conclusions. He has, in
fact, been entirely fair to Mr..
Baker.
The Senate Is being criti-
cized for its plain reluctance
to handle the Baker case in
the same aggressive manner
that it purSues conflict of
interest in the Executive
branch. 1t remains to be
seen whether it proposes to
pursue the apparent COR
rupters on the Washington
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
The FuIbright Speech on France

and other European coun-
tries" But it was not indi-
Gated whether the demand
may yet be made. The exact
purpose Of mentioning World
War I debts is not clear,
though Senator Fulbright ar
gued that meeting the debt
due would help the balance
Of payments" situation.
The whole purpose Of the
Fulbright speech was oSten-
sibly to persuade Gen. de
GauIle to hberalize his trade
policies. But 1t remains to
be seen whether this form of
attack will be persuasive with
the strong-minded head Of
the French government.
While Senator Fulbright
asserted that the United
States has not the slightest
intention of standing aside
if Europe is attacked and
overrun, and although he
reiterated that this country
is committed "unalterably to
the defense Of Europe" he
pointed out that the more
likely occurrence would be
a Soviet assault on the
United States from which
Europe would be spared"
Senator Fulbright insisted
that Europe, including
France, must commit itself
to a unified defense of the
West. He added that, while
the United States is commit
ted to such a defense, this
does not mean that it can
not be driven from Europe"
He declared:
IF our partners pursue
protectionist trade policies
and decline to carry a pro-
portion of the military and
foreign aid burdens commen-
surate with their resources,
the United States will be left
with no choice but to reduce
its. commitments"
This is, to say the least, a
most unusual commentary on
the policies Of an Allied
government and specifically
on the attitude of the head
of that government. For, GER
tainly, it doesn't make ne
gotiation easier, and 1t is an
undiplomatie way to conduct
the foreign relations Of the
United States. The question
also arises whether it makes
superfluous the two Ameri-
can ambassadors in Paris
one accredited to the French
government and the other to
the North Atlantic Treaty.
Organization.
q 1858
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
Gust Americans,
Peru Pupils Ask

LIMA, Peru, Nov. / (AP).-
The Peru Student Federation
has issued a 72-hour ulti-
matum of officials at the Uni
versity of Huamangas to dis
miss three United States Peace
Corps teachers or face a
general strike by students
throughout Peru.
The federation presented the
'ultimatum yesterday, shortly
after officials bowed to an
other student demand and dis
missed English Teacher Ann
Richards, another Peace Corps
member, for ordering a pupil
out of her calss after he dis
obyed her. Miss Richards is
from Seattle, Wash.
HuamangaS is 235 miles
southwest of Lima.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
DORIS FLEEsON
Williams and the Baker Case

scene as well as those It may
decide were corrupted.
There is nothing really
very secret about the Wash
ington operations suggested
by the Baker affair. Yet
Congress has been resisting
full disclosure of the affairs
Of its members as a starting
point and an example.
Mr.. Baker was an impor-
tant figure in the operations
of the Senate but only as a
mirror of Senate power. The
word for the situation as it
is developing seems to be,
not that it is sinister, but
shabby. a misuse Of political
relationships.
The employers Of Mr..
Baker and his associates can
hardly claim they knew
nothing of it at all. And the
public, which likes to feel
holier than its capital city,
might remember that it en-
ploys in a very real sense the
Congress and renders q
verdict on its handling of
affairs every two years.
Copyright 1863
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
Hoffo Appeals
U. S. Tax Claim
BY the Associated Press


The Government says James
R. Hoffa owes $20.295 in in
come tax. for 1859, but the
TeamsterS Union president and
his wife Josephine have filed
an appeal to the United States
Tax Court.
One of the items at issue,
Tax Court records showed, is
$22,930 in attorneys fees the
Transfers paid for Mr.. Hoffa
as the result of a court trial.
Mr.. Hoffa'S attorneys con-
tend the legal fees were paid
by the union because he be-
came involved in the trial as
a result of his duties as a union
official. They argue it was q
legitimate expense.
The Hoffas have asked that
a trial be held in. Detroit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
DAVID LAWRENCE

An unprecedented method
Of attack has been employed
to influence Gen. de Gaulle
to change the policies Of the
French Government so they
viii be more pleasing to the
United States Government.
Senator ]. w. Fulbright Of
Arkansas, who is chairman
Of the Foreign Relations
Committee of the United
States Senate, has just made
q speech that expressed
views which, it might have
been expected, would be ut
tered only by the President
or Secretary Of State. For
the Executive branch Of the
Government has heretofore
jealousy guarded its pre-
negative to conduct foreign
relations.
1t is conceivable, of course,
that the Fulbright speech
was cleared in advance by
the Department of State. For
1t would seem incredible that
q speech Of this importance,
attacking an Allied govern
ment, would be made without
the knowledge and consent
of the Executive branch Of
our Government. But is Pres
ident de Gaulle now to re-
gard the Fulbright speech as
the expression of the United
States Government?
Senator Fulbright's words
were bluntly expressed. He
said, for instance:
cit Is on this level of prac-
teal cooperation that
French policy has been deep
ly disappointing to Frances
allies. 1t is a policy which,
If long continued, could lead
to the disruption Of the
Western Alliance, not by
open Reputation but by alb
negation in detail"
This is a very serious
charge to be leveled at the
head Of a government allied
with the United States. But
more surprising is the state
ment that Frances policy
has been disappointing, not
only to the United States, but
to Frances other allies. This
will be disputed to some ex-
tent in Europe, but in this
country it will be wondered
why the chairman Of the
Foreign Relations Committee
Of the Senate is privileged to
speak in behalf Of any of the
Allied governments.
When the leader in the
French or British Parliaments
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
House Extends
Mexican Labor Bill
In Close Vote
By the Associated Press

A one-year extension of the
Mexican farm labor program
had approval of the House TO-
day. but there were indica-
tons that this will be the last
round for the l2-year-old pro-
gram.
The measure was sent to the
Senate by a 1888 vote yes
terday although member after
member rose to say he was
supporting the extension Just
to give large users of Mexican
labor a chance to adjust to the
end Of the program.
And yesterday House men,
bers similarly rejected an
amendment to the one-year ex-
tension that would have pro-
vided that in 1864 only those
farms which have used such
labor in the past would be
eligible.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

President Kennedy says moving And this time
it's not just witch but real Mortified shudder
Vice President and Mrs johnson will visit Luxembourg
Mrs j.: stop worrying Lynoon Luxembourg will be plenty
big enough if you don't your cowboy hat"
House committee approves bill raising Congressmen's
pay from $22500 to $3250o Man. that's like 10 Gsl John
Glenn only took Gs when he went into orbit.
Barry Goldwater says the administration created "a
crisis of confidence" Now what country good
conservative confidence
It's definite that Congress won't adjourn this year 1t still
has to the tax BILL the civil rights BILL and make
it against the law not to Cleopatra.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
Dixie Booking of Morse Move Viewed
As Part of Anti-CNiI Rights Drive

to override the two-score
amendments Senator Morse
has put forward in order to
re-write the aid bill on the
Senate floor? Why does not
the aid bill go through the
Senate as the defense bill
went through-in a matter
of three hours?
The answers lie with the
Southern Democrats. Last
week, in a secret caucus, they
decided to support Senator
Morse's effort to rewrite the
foreign aid bill on the floor
Of the Senate. And why?
Not because they love Sen
ator Morse; but because they
see in him a possible dupe.
Plainly. the Southerners
are now delaying everything
in the Senate, the better to
wage war on the coming civil
rights legislation. Their hope
is that by slowing down all
business, by prolonging all
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01

Inc puolicS best hope Of
learning the complete Rob-
ert Bobby Baker story lies
with the growing army Of
men and women who confide
in Senator John ]. Williams
Of Delaware. the man who
started it all.
The unique quality Of Sem
ator Williams is that where
other politicians atl.a act fol-
lowers, Senator Williams at
tracts facts. In turn, he has
such an attachment to data
that he follows through on
it and gets unusual results.
Most Senator's can outtalk
him. Few out-know him
when he decides that the
facts warrant his personal
and public attention.
The Delaware Republican
has never discussed the type
Of people who furnish him
information. 1t Is a fair
guess. though. that unlike
the glib hoodlums or plausi-
bic conspirato-s who put
many Senate investigators in
the headlines, they are citi-
gems with unusual common
sense and a good grasp of
double-entry bookkeeping.
The Senate has tacitly &C
knowledged that this is so in
its failure to put him on its
high-powered investigating
committee and give him a
staff. 1t knows that it would
be hard to muddy a Williams
trail once the Senator maps
his course.
Perhaps this is Just ss
we'll. Even the best staff
tends to become corrupted
by the good notices o. press
end magic lantern. 1t fines
that its members can easily
be distracted from the hard
labor Of reports. controver-
sial conclusions and-oh,
horror-legislative remedies
for the evils uncovered.
Senator Williams has even
startled Washington by re-
buffing the proffer Of the
customary sure-fire ingredi-
ent Of a beauty-and-sex wit
ness in the Baker case. He
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
Senator's Talk on DeGoulIe's Policies
Is Called on Unprecede7ted Attack

makes a speech, he is talking
as the head Of both the gov
eminent and the Legislative
branch. But in the United
States, where Congress and
the Executive are separate
institutions, it has always
been taken for granted that
communications to other gov
ernments would be handled
only by the President or the
Secretary of State.
Another surprising thing
about the speech is that it
was given on october 80, but
discussed statements made by
President de Gaulle at a
news conference on. July 20
last. 1t thus has the ap-
pearance of a carefully pre-
pared attack, which m ay
have been assigned to Sena-
tor Fulbright to carry out.
This will not assist in the
solving of difficulties be-
tween the United States and
France. In fact, within the
last "a hours, word has come
from Paris that President de
Gaulle has abandoned any
idea of visiting the United
States during the next sew
eral months. A planned visit
had been previously reported.
Perhaps the most extraor-
binary part Of the Fulbright
speech is that in which he
directed his remarks at Pres
ident de Gaulle personally.
Chairman Fulbright said:
Il don't believe that Presi-
dent de Gaulle is disposed at
present to take such a dis
passionate view of American
policy. One perceives in his
remarks of July 20 that he
is still looking at America
through the distorting prism
of wounded pride"
1t is significant that in
this same speech the Arkan-
sas Senator made a refer
ence to Frances unpaid debt
from World War / to the
United States. The total still
unpaid, together with inter-
est, amounts to more than IS
billion, of which $4.3 billion
was due as of June 80, 1868.
Senator Fulbright referred to
it as a default since June,
1888"
This reminder that France
owes the United States mon
ey was followed by Senator
Fulbright's remark that the
United States has not de-
manded payment Of the
World War I debts Of France
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
joseph KRAFT

The Senate is now giving
a convincing demonstration
of the proposition that
searching discussion Of basic
issues is entertained only as
a screen toOcover up foul pur-
poses. The current debate on
foreign aid may seem to
promise a thorough explora-
ton Of a difficult matter.
But in fact. it can endure
only as a stalking horse for
the Southern posls.on on
civil rights.
To be sure. the aid dis
cussion has all the earmarks
of being the real thing-a
great debate in the grand
tradition. The chief pro-
tagonist is no nit-picking
Passman, swollen with trivial
details Of obscure transac-
tons arising from unheard Of
projects in unknown coun-
tries. On the contrary, the
present attack on the aid
program comes from Wayne
Morse, a Senate veteran Of
10 years, equipped with the
gift Of tongue, noted for
doughty fights on behalf of
lonely causes, and serious
with a vengeance. I'VE are
starting" he said in launch
ing his attack this week, zone
of the most historic debates
in the history of my time in
the Senate"
The issues Senator Morse
has raised in the aid debate
are as lofty as his rhetoric.
With something approaching
genius, he has dredged up
all the underlying uncertain
ties, antiquities, and incon-
sistencies implicit in the aid
program, and traditionally
dear to makers of great de-
bates.
He has, for example,
pointed out that foreign aid
has fostered "anti-freedom
forces" and permitted oil
garchies to dig IN" That
poses the question Of how
aid can be shaped to achieve
desirable political results.
And that is a nice question.
He has pointed out that
the aid program is spread
too thinly over too many
countries. That raises the
question of how to cut off
going projects in Africa,
Asia, Latin America and the
Middle East without provok-
ing an outburst of anti
American feeling. That, too,
is a nice question.
He has pointed out that
more aid should be expended
and administered on a null
tilateral basis. That raises
the question Of how to in
duce the Europeans to pony
up a larger share. That, too.
is a nice question.
He has asserted that Con-
greSs must not vote large
sums on the basis Of IAN act
Of faith" in the executive.
That raises the question of
how a hundred men, with
varying degrees Of informa-
ton and little staff assist
ance, can draw up complex
and detailed programs Of
great magnitude and impor-
lance. And that, too, is a
nice question.
But how is it that the
country is so fortunate, so
late in the Senate session, to
have such a searching probe
Of such fundamental ques-
tions? Why is it not simple
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01
Kennedy to Speak
At Labor Convention
By the Associated Press

President Kennedy will ad-
dress the AFL-CIO convention
in New York November IA,
AFL-CIO President George
Meany announced today.
Other speakers. Mr.. Meany
said. will include Secretary of
Labor Writ and Daniel Foley,
national commander Of the
American Legion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-01

The signed columns on these pages, like the
cartoon beolD intended to present Star readers
Nth tOide range of opinions on issues of the ddy
including opinions Dhtch conflict NTH our own
The Stars UtetDs are expressed In its editorials
The chronicle., 1963-12-05
Florida Cities
Oppose Changing
OF Cupe's Name

CAPE N CUPID =
President Johnson's switch
week ago from the 45O-year-olc
name of Cape Canaveral for the
nations spaceport to Cape Ken.
nedy is drawing opposition.
Two nearby communities al
ready have gone on RECORD
against the surprise Thanksgiv.
ing Day decree in memory Of
the late President and petitions
are circulating among area
workers opposing the move.
Opponents endorse the re-
naming of the space center it.
self but the resistance develops
in the abandonment Of the geo
graphical name of Cape Canav.
eral.
President Johnson'S order re-
named the huge space complies
the John F. Kennedy Space Cen.
ter and also erased the name
Canaveral from the triangular
expanse of sand that juts into
the Atlantic from Florida's
otherwise smooth Atlantic coast
line.
The city council Of Cape Ca
naveral, a tiny municipality
south Of the missile base, ha;
approved a resolution to be sen
to the President and to Florida
Gov. Farris Bryant protesting
The chronicle., 1963-12-05

tell you in the next sentence
that the Negro is tricky, a Lo-
thario of great abilities, a
clever and inveterate gambler
and vicious. The segregationist
apparently never realizes the
essential hypocrisy in these
completely conflicting views"
Chandler said younger Ne
groes are militant in their drive
for civil rights and this is lone
reason for the bitterness of the
conflict"
Serious troubles for both races
lie ahead in Mississippi, Chand-
Ter predicted.
He said his tour CAV e him
"far greater sympathy for the
state of Mississippi and its res
identS, both white and Negro"
The chronicle., 1963-12-05
3 Law Officers
Deny Beating OF
Negro Prisoners

D, Miss. CUPID -
Three Mississippi law officers,
accused Of beating Negro pris-
oners at Winona, have denied
the charges in their US. dis
trict court trial.
Three of the five officers on
trial took the stand Wednesday
after the Justice Department
rested its case.
State highway patrolman
John L. Basinger, Montgomery
Court Sheriff Earle Wayne Pat
ridge and Winona Police Chief
Thomas J. Herod Jr. claimed
they did not commit any of the
seven charges brought against
them by the Justice Depart
ment.
However, BaSinger did admit
striking one of the complain
ants, Lawrence Guyot. He said
he struck Guyot outside the
courthouse after "Guyot drew
back his first at Herod."
The Justice Department
called six witnesses, including
four Of the Negro compliments
and two FBI agents, before
resting its case.
June Johnson, EuveSter Simp-
son, Rosemary Freeman and
Guyot gave their accounts of
being arrested in Winona after
a si.-in demonstration at the
bus terminal last June 9. All
claimed they were beaten in the
jail
One Of the FBI agents, o. v.
Johnson, testified as to injuries
he noted upon examining the
compliments. Rene Bedez, a
technician at the FBI labor
atory in Washington, said he
examined clothing worn by June
Johnson ard found bloodstains,
although he could not deter
mine the blood type.
The compliments charged
they signed statements at the
Jail under duress saying they
we're not beaten. Only Euvester
Simpson said her statement was
correct.
The chronicle., 1963-12-05
THE CHRONICLE, PAscAGouLA AND MOSS POINT. MISSISSIPPI
Mother Of mp
Man Is Dead

Mrs. Vivian Pellerin Ferguson,
mother of Sid Ferguson Jr. Of
Moss Point, died Saturday in
Yazoo City where she had lived
for Is years.
Services were held there or
Monday at St. Mary'S Catholic
Church with the Rev. c. c. Hunt
er officiating.
Other survivors are her hus-
band, Sid Ferguson Of Yazoo
City; a daughter, Mrs. Jeanne
Kay Peck, also Of Yazoo City;
two sons, Mike Ferguson, US
Navy, Long Beach, Calf, and
Van Ferguson, US Navy, Dam
Neck, Va; two sisters, Mrs. F.
S. Mccoy Of Pennsylvania and
Mrs. Marie Koch Of New York
and four grandchildren.
The chronicle., 1963-12-05
Congressional Roundup -.
Work On Foreign Aid

WASHINGTON CUPID Sen
ate and House negotiatorS
hoped that another closed-door
session today would finally
bring agreement on a compro-
mise version of the long-stalled
foreign aid bill.
Still to be resolved in the
measure were money differences
voted by the House and the $3.7
billion Senate version, Little
trouble was expected on that
score. President Kennedy origi-
nally had asked for $4.5 billion
to finance another year Of eco
nomic, military and technical
assistance abroad.
The conference group reached
agreement Wednesday on a
number of minor non-money
provisions. But still to be settled
was the question of restoring
the Presidents authority to
grant most favored nation"
trade treatment to Communist
Poland and Yugoslavia.
The Senate bill would restore
the authority which was re-
moved by the 1862 Foreign
Trade Act; the House bill did
not contain the provision.
Other Congressional news:
Taxes: The Senate Finance
Committee may get an advance
look at President JohnsOn's bud
get for fiscal 1865 to help speed
up action on the $11 billion tax
cut bill. The lengthy public
hearings on the House : passed
bill are expected to end Mon.
day. Then the committee plans
executive sessions to vote or
between Is and 80 p e d i
amendments.
Baker: The Senate Rules Com.
mittee resumes its investiga.
ton Of the "outside activities
Of former Senate Democratic
Secretary Robert G.. Bobby
Baker Friday. The witness list
made public by Committee
Chairman B. Everett Jordan.
DIN. c., suggests that most Of
the testimony to be taken be,
hind closed doors will center or
Bakers vending machine enter
prises.
Payments: Sen. Stuart Sym
ington, NJ today attacked
proposals for an international
The chronicle., 1963-12-05
Venezuela 90.
Continued from page

lCUIlLIlIueu IIUlIl page ~
gence agents in a private home
in the Las Palmas district OF
central Caracas.
The capture of Moncada was
regarded as a serious setback
abortive coup d'etat of Sept. z,
provisional President Wolfgang
Larrazabal. He was arrested at
that time and was being flown
here when he and other officer
prisoners overpowered their
guards and forced the pilot of
the plane to fly them to the
Dutch island of Curacao off the
central Venezuelan coast.
After remaining for a time in
Curacao as a political refugee,
Moncada slipped back into Ven
ezuela-apparently by way Of
Colombia - and joined forces
with the Communists.