davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-27
Red Trode Office Set

MOSCOW. April 81 (AP) -
Tass says the Communist
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-27

The Fellowship Glass Of Chevy
Chase Methodist Church will
meet in Fellowship Hall tomor-
row at IL am. Samuel Wheeler
Barrow will speak. DevotionS
will be given by G. Donald
Meid.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
Robert Rice Reynolds

In a period when the United States
Senate had a large complement Of
brilliant and colorful personalities,
Senator Robert Rice Reynolds of North
Carolina was far from being a lesser
figure among his colleagues. On some
of the positions he took, "Our Bob" who
died last week at his Asheville home at
70, was often in the center of contro-
versy. This bothered him not at all, and
indeed may have nouriShed his natural
gift of an eloquence that was both
entertaining and forceful. Bob Reynolds
was well-suited to politics, or at least to
that manifestation of 1t that involved
heartineSs, personal charm and liking
for people. If the qualities that he
brought to the profession did not neces-
sarily make him statesman, neither
did they suffer him to be overlooked on
the campaign trail, the Capitol corridors
or the Senate floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
Second-Guessers

Everyone, 1t seems, knows more
about building highways than the high
way builders. First the National Capital
Transportation Agency claims that
lot of freeways planned in the Wash
ington area either will be too big or will
not be needed If rapid transit system
is built. Now the General Accounting
office, the official watchdog" of Con-
gress, steps into the picture, criticizing
the Virginia Highway Department for
designing much Of the new Capital
Beltway too small.
Among other things, the GAO says,
several portions of the Virginia freeway
will be severely overloaded by 1875 If
they are built with six lanes, as now
designed, rather than with eight lanes,
as they should have been designed.
Further, according to the GAO, it
appears that part of at least one big
interchange, at Springfield, probably
will have to be torn out some day and
replaced at additional cost as part Of
an enlargement project.
AS far as we can determine, this is
a pretty good Job Of Second-guesSing.
Highway officials have turned to a
different and, they think, more &C
curate method Of traffic forecaSting
than the system used when the belt
way was originally planned, and they
concede that the present method does
indicate some greater evidence OF an
eventual need for eight lanes. Accepting
that concession, however, 1t does not
appear that the GAO findings warrant
much worry. Fortunately, sufficient
right-of-way was acquired to allow ex-
pansion OF the entire project to eight
lanes when and II the need arises. And
according TO the officials concerned,
such an expansion would be neither
difficult nor unduly costly.
All of which serves, however, to
emphasize two highly significant points
which we think everyone in the Wash
ington area should keep in mind In
view OF the hassle which seems TO be
shaping up over proposals to curtail
freeway construction and design. First,
traffic forecasting is at best an inexact
science, in which the experts almost
invariably have erred on the side OF
designing highways for too little traffic,
rather than too much. Secondly, 1t is
very sound practice In buying land for
new urban freeways to provide the
maximum flexibility that is practical
for future expansion-either for auto
mobiles or for one form or another OF
rapid transit. II past experience is any
guide, the need sooner or later will arise.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
Mr.. Morse on Europe

Although occasionally he troubles
his colleagues with what seem to be
outrageous torrents OF words, Wayne
Morse Of oregon has just had something
to say that deserves everybody'S atten-
ton. With reference to the current
disarray in the Western alliance-and
particularly with reference to French
President de Gaulle's extraordinary dis
unifying moves and his apparent effort
to discredit the leadership Of the United
States In Europe - the Senator has
minced no words. He has put 1t this way
am emphatically opposed 10 keeping
American forces in Europe II they are not
wanted. not needed, and not matched. am
emphatically opposed to further financial aid
TO nations that seek 10 exclude the United
States from the economic, military and
political life OF Western nations. Above all
! am not interested In any American policy OF
trying TO outbid France for the leadership OF
Europe. Our only interest in that continent
is that she be free OF Communist domination.
lust as that is our interest in nations else
where in the world. II Europe can now do that
for herself without further help from us. so
much the better for the United States 4.
Well said. Certainly this is a view
point that makes sense. and there can be
little doubt that many millions OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
How Could 1t Happen?

There is no end, apparently, to the
shocking abuses still to come in the
District welfare program. Indeed, the
only gratifying aspect of the whole sorry
mess is the vigilance which Senator Byrd
Of West Virginia is continuing to main
tain over the various categories of relief.
Having already brought about in
tenSive efforts to weed out cheaterS and
other ineligibleS from two groups Of
relief recipients, the Senator now dis
closes that the first spot checks Of
third category-the permanent and
totally disabled-are producing the same
disheartening findings. Thus far, re-
ports are in on only % recipients. But
IL Of them have been found ineligible,
and some of the remaining II have been
overpaid. One recipient was found to be
in a public institution. Another of the
disabled" was working as golf caddie.
Several others had sufficient family re-
sources to disqualify them. Yet this is
the category, as Senator Byrd has
pointed out, which is supposed to require
more intensive screening to determine
eligibility than any of the others.
How could these abuses have been
overlooked? That is a question for
which Mr.. Byrd should seek an answer
this year, just as he did for other
categories of welfare during the last
session. He believes that when the spot
check investigation now under way is
completed, it will show an ineligibility
rate Of 80 to 40 per cent. And If that
proves to be so, then obviously this group
Of recipients must be given the same
case-by-case scrutiny which now is being
given those receiving grants under the
aid-to-dependent-ch and the gen.
l-public-aSSiStance programs.
Significantly, caSeloads in both of
these latter categorieS have dropped sub
stantially-by as much as As per cent
in the general-public- assistance group
since the Senate investigations began.
While this housekeeping process does
not solve all the problems Of the needy,
1t is an absolutely essential first step.
There will never be sufficient funds for
more productive and meaningful well
fare programs unless the cheaters first
are weeded out And this goal can be
reached only If standards of eligibility
are vigorously enforced. That is the SEN
sible and reasonable premise on which
Senator Byrd has acted in the past, and
which we hope he will pursue with equal
vigor during the months ahead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
Disseminated Isle

It is small wonder that Communist
Cuba has announced that the biggest
expenditures In its 1868 budget will be
invested in agriculture. Ever since last
March the people Of the captive island
the advent Of Fidel Castro's Kremlin-
serving dictatorship-ha had to put
up with drastic rationing system. The
chief reason for this, of course, is that
the Havana regime, like its Red count
erparts nearly everywhere else in the
world, has made botch Of It's farm
program. Hence the budgetary OUTLAWS
have been sharply increased In an effort
to bring about corrective action and
some improvement in production.
The outlook for such gains, however,
seems dim at best. In fact, according to
a report recently released by the United
States Foreign Agricultural Service,
Cuba, where Tightening Of the belt is
now normal way of life," is likely to
face growing food shortages in the
months ahead. In the reports words,
nothing has been more disappointing
than Cuba'S So-called agrarian reform.
1t not only has disrupted production but
has failed to fulfill government promises
and to meet the needs and expectations
Of rural people" Despite Fidel's early
pledges, big estates have not been d.
vided among the landless. Instead, they
have been merged into Communist-type
collective or state farms whose output
"iS hampered by an apathetic and indif-
ferent labor force and inexperienced
management Wages are not common
Surate with the work, and consequently
there Is little enthusiasm to produce"
Similarly, the Islands small and
medium sized private farms-which APP
parently still account for the biggest
portion Of domestic food production
are not doing nearly so well as they used
to. The reaSon2 AS the USFAS report
declares, the owners of these farms are
not being offered adequate prices and
other incentives by the Castro tyranny.
Further, they probably suspect that their
land will be taken from them one of
these days. AS a result, naturally enough,
they hardly feel encouraged to grow
more. To quote again from the report,
they are only too well aware of the fact
that their "once-prosperous agriculture
is deteriorating, and their island, often
called the Pearl Of the Antilles, has be-
come land of growing food shortages"
In these circumstances, there can
be little doubt that there exists through
out the length and breadth of Cuba
legions Of disSidentS quite diSenchanted
with Fidel Castro and his ruthless Red
rule. These people are UNDERSTANDABLE
silent at the moment, but they I'M
doubtedly know that they have been
betrayed. The Bearded One, with his
terroristic methods, is holding them
in frightening check right now. But
sometimes, when he is alone with his
thoughts and his conscience (aSSuming
he has one), he must have visions of
the possibility Of day of reckoning
perhaps not too distant-that could
mean the end of the world for him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17

Yes, Prof. Tschebotarioff,
there was a Cossackia, a ma
ton which consisted OF the
territory where you we're
born yourself, and which
was populated by your own
people. the Don Cossacks. In
the Russian empire this ter
ritory was called The Region
OF the Don Host" and in the
Soviet Union this region is
now called THE Rostov on
the Don Region"
II was after the Russian
revolution OF 1917 that the
Don Cossacks proclaimed this
territory and It's people an
independent nation. Its first
president was Don Cossacks
General Bogayevsky African
Petrovich. That was the
nation. which was mentioned
in the American CONGRESSES
resolution on the Captive Ma
tons Week. Congress called
II "CosSackia" because OF the
difficulties Of pronunciation
OF the archaic name Vseveli-
koye Voisko Donskoye.
But I do not pretend 10
get the professors money. /
ask him 10 send $500 10 the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17

ers, under q few desperadoes,
have banded together to re-
sist any attempt that might
be made to arrest them, or
to release from the jails those
who had been arrested. Some
of those bands have arms
and ammunition and are
subsisting by plumber. Most
of the deserters are men who
had volunteered - very few
among them being conscripts.
Indeed, the CONSUMPTION laws
in that section have never
been enforced. :" Not a
few OF those who were con-
scripted by the South. how
ever. were Union sympathiz-
ers at heart. There were 9TH
ers who were too young and
not sufficiently educated to
know for sure what the war
was all about. These had lit
tie concern about its out
come, nor did they know the
serious consequences OF dis
sertion. At the time the
North was getting some sat-
isfaction from report S OF
AWOL Rebels. the Federal
Government was being EN-
barrassed within It's own
ranks by highly placed per-
sons who openly sympathized
with the South and were con-
stantly carping at the way
President Lincoln was rum
ming the war. One OF these
so-called "Copperheads" was
Gle ment Vallandigham, a
theatrical fomenter OF sedi-
ton from Ohio. The Star Of
February 81, 1868. took VAL
landigham TO task editorial
ly: "Copperhead Vallandig-
ham. so he styles himself.
made a speech at Newark.
N. j., wherein he strove TO
distinguish himself by
calumny OF the Secretary Of
State. His assaults upon Mr..
Seward are In the same spirit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
100 Years Ago

There were numerous cases
of disloyalty on both sides in
the Civil War. both in and
out of the ranks. Desertions
were commonplace as civil
lians Ill at ease In uniform
quickly tired Of the grim
game Of warfare. There were
many demoralizing factors
for a new soldier used to the
relative peace, quiet and
comforts Of home life. Being
shot at was most objection
able, but volunteers or con-
scripted troops also objected
to the poor quality and guam
tity Of army food, clothing
and pay. plus the boredom Of
camp life, with its stencil,
filth and hardships. impress
sions OF army life changed
as the war wore on. After a
year In the Confederate
Army, a Louisiana soldier
wrote home: This war has
done me good In many ways.
II has taught me patience
and endurance. / think /
have seen the dark side OF
soldering and although It is
tolerably hard. yet there amt
any use OF calling 1t intol-
cradle" Eight months later
another letter from him read:
II would like TO get a wound.
oh. wouldn't II be nice TO get
80 days leave and go home
and be petted like a baby,
and get delicacies TO eat. And
then II / ever run for a little
office I could limp and COM
plain Of the old woun d."
While the North had It's
share OF deserters, the
Northern press seized upon
every item that indicated all
was not we'll in the Confed-
crate Army. The Star OF Feb
ruary IS, 1853. quoted from
a Georgia newspaper, the At
lanta Confederacy: "rhere is
a large number OF deserters
In the country. II is estimat-
ed that half the men who
went into the service from
the northeastern counties In
the State we're at home with
out leave. and most OF those
were sulking in the noun
tains TO avoid the enrolling
officers who have been in
structed 10 arrest them. 9th
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
FROM THE STAR FILES.

that marks the outpouring
of Horace Greeley's malignIty
the offspring Of unsatis-
fled desire for public office.
There is a difference in the
declared reasonable pur-
poses of these new allies, but
1t can doubtless be easily
harmonized. Greeley consents
to continue to sustain the
Government till the first Of
May. then he is for disunion.
Vallandigham lifts the voice,
and. II he dared, would lift
the arms. Of a traitor against
the Union now, :"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
Too Few Squares

Squares" Mr.. Brewer seems
obsessed with the ideas Of
freedom, liberty and individ-
ual dignity. Absurd Liberty
to be inefficient and miser-
able. Freedom to be a round
peg in a square hole.
These criticisms are from
Aldous Huxley's Brave New
World" often called "the
most terrifyingly prophetic
book of all time because 1t
pictures a society people
want" In 1858, Huxley, ter
rified by the rapidity with
which his 1881 work was
becoming a reality, wrote
Brave New World Revisited"
Even this was before we were
blessed by the New Frontier.
The New Frontier would
not worry me nearly so much
were it not for the fact that
1t. too, is a society people
want. The American people
seem quite willing to mort
gage an ever-increasing per-
centage of their souls to the
Government in return for
promised material benefits.
Perhaps it is better to stick
to the middle of the road and
avoid all problems and re-
sponsibilities, letting the Fed
eral Government assume the
responsibility. OF course. the
Government has no money Of
its own, so the welfare pay
ments must come from our
own pockets. 1t is merely a
case of transferring the
money from one pocket to
another, less a stable admin
instration cost. OF course,
the fact that the pockets may
be on different pairs Of trou-
sers matters little.
Should the theory that the
responsibility for individual
welfare does belong to the
Government be correct, then
the New Frontiersmen would
do well to turn to electroen-
cephalographic research for
the ultimate solution. The
following is an excerpt from
a paper by Curtis r. Schafer.
Information Theory in the
Biophysical Sciences" pre-
sented at the 1856 National
Electronics Conference:
"A few months after birth.
a surgeon would equip each
child with a socket mounted
under the scalp and electrodes
reaching selected areas OF
brain tissue. A year or two
later, a miniature radio re-
ceiver and antenna would be
plugged into the socket. From
that time on, the child's sem
sorry perceptions and mus
cular activity could be either
modified or completely con-
trolled by bioelectric signals
radiated from state con-
trolled transmitters."
I'm certain that We all
must find 1t comforting to
know that our scientists are,
at this moment, working TO
make such a system possible.
Elementary successes in con-
trolling sensory perceptions
and muscular activity have
already been realized. Such a
system, II completed, would
make 1t unnecessary for the
individual 10 assume any re-
sponsibility whatsoever.
Yes. Mr.. Brewer. let's have
q few more squares"
d. Z. Ball III.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
Proud of Senator

While in your city I was
pleased to note the excellent
coverage given by The Star
to the Presidential Prayer
Breakfast.
In the news stories, pic
lures and columns there was
always mention Of a man OF
whom we are quite proud In
Kansas. He is Senator Frank
Carlson. Perhaps Washington
newspaper people and the
public at-large are not quite
as aware as they might be
of the major role Senator
Carlson has played In these
Presidential Prayer Breakfasts
since their inception during
the tenure OF Mr.. Eisenhower
another Kansan, inciden-
tally.
This. OF course. is in keep
ing with Senator Carlson's
character. for he Is by no
means a self-seeker and am
sure he is perfectly happy and
satisfied that the Prayer
Breakfasts continue 10 be
held and are attracting more
and more attention for them
selves from such eminent
publications as yours and
columnists OF the stature OF
David Lawrence.
Throughout his remarkable
political career OF having
been a six-term Congressman
from Kansas. two-term Gov
ernor OF our State and now
in his third term as Senator,
Mr.. Carlson has always
stressed strongly the spirit
ual values and has prac-
ticed them devoutly. He has
been an exceptionally fine
example for many persons In
our State and we are proud
OF him. both as a legislator
and a Christian gentleman.
Bill Colvin,
Manhattan. Kans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17

Administration plans for
the elimination Of our mis-
sile bases in England, Turkey
and Italy must warm the
hearts of the American left
wing. The numerically small
but tremendously influential
ADA has (among others long
advocated removal of our for
ward bases surrounding the
Soviet Union. Other proposals
urged by the ADA include
diplomatic recognition Of Red
China, admission of Red
China to the U. NJ, unilateral
cessation Of nuclear tests and
opposition to unilateral
United States military inter-
vention against Castro.
Three White House aides,
three cabinet officers and
81 key administrators in the
Kennedy administration are
members Cor former mem
bers) of the ADA. The mid
die and lower echelons Of
Government no doubt include
others who are sympathetic
to or influenced by ADA
doctrine. These people have
the right to think as they
choose and are not neces-
sarily pawns Of this organiza-
ton. but I feel that there
should be a balance Of polit-
ical thought in this admin
istration II 1t is to effectively
counter international COM
munism.
I do not believe that COM
promises, resolving our diff
ferences" or a search for "un-
derstanding" with the Com
munistS will slow their ad-
vance or in any way change
their policies. Appeasement by
any other name is still APP
peasement. To try to defeat
communism in this manner
is about as effective as at
tempting to stop an oncom-
ing teamroller with buck
cts Of wet noodles.
Carl w. May.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
Church Exemptions

The decision Of the Court
Of Appeals that the restau-
rant fixtures and equipment
in the National Shrine Of the
Immaculate Conception are
not taxable makes us all sup
porters Of the Catholic
Church.
On December 7. 1875,
President Grant, in a message
to Congress proposing a con-
stitutional amendment for
the maintenance Of unsec-
tartan free schools, said: II
would also call your atten-
ton to the Importance Of
correcting an evil, that, If
permitted to continue, will
probably lead to great trouble
in our land before the close
Of the 18th century. 1t is
the accumulation Of vast
amounts of untaxed church
property. In 1850, I believe,
the church property of the
United States which paid no
tax, municipal or State,
amounted to about $1,000
100000. BY 1900, without any
check, it is safe to say, this
property will reach a sum
exceeding 100000, 900. So
vast a sum, receiving all the
protection and benefits of the
Government, without bearing
its proportion Of the burden
and expenses Of the same
will not be looked upon &C
quiescently by those who
have to pay taxes. In a grow
ing country where real estate
enhances so rapidly with
time as in the United States,
there is scarcely a limit to
the wealth that may be &C
quired by corporations, re-
ligious or otherwise. I would
suggest the taxation Of all
property equally. whether
church or corporation, ex-
empting only the last resting
place Of the dead and posi-
bly,. with proper restrictions,
church edifices."
Tax reform could very well
start with closing these glar-
ing loopholes.
Floyd v. Kirchman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
so Years Ago

Capt. Robert F. Scott,
noted explorer, persisted with
four OF his crew on a South
Pole expedition so years ago.
The Star of February 10,
1918. reported In a dispatch
from New Zealand they were
overwhelmed by q blizzard
on their return from the
point where Road Amund-
sen had planted the Norwe-
gian flag at the South Pole"
The party, which had not
been heard from for a year,
APPARENT met their end in
March. 1919.
The custom OF sending
Valentines has outlasted the
prophets Of half a century
ago. The Star OF February
IA, 1918. quoted dealers in
these epistles as saying: st.
Valentine, the long -bewhisk-
cred gent who from time i'm
memorial. has evolved won
derful connections Of sweet
ened words. old lace, cellu-
loid and quaint pictures; who
has given the love-sick swain
an opportunity 10 declare his
answering, undying. unfal-
tering and other varieties OF
devotion without laying him
self liable to a breach of
promise suit. Is fading away.
Valentines Day Is dying. Gu
pid, the little god who wears
little more than a culver full
Of arrows and q smile.
usually walks abroad at this
season OF the year. distri-
buting proclamations Of love.
writ In slushy-weather style
and rainbow colored type.
but he is not as clipper as
he was q few years ago. E"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17

Jews Home for the Old and
$500 for the Ukrainian Home
for Old Age. Perhaps there
now are living there old men
and women who in their
youth were beaten by the
long whips in which Don
Cossacks officers used to de-
light.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-17
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDrtters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSG-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.