davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24

From a window in a book store
house overlooking a street in Dallas, a
rifle pointed downward. AS the tele-
scopic lens showed the head Of the
President Of the United States, finger
squeezed the trigger. In half an hour
John F. Kennedy lay dead, the fourth
Of our Presidents to die at an aSsaSsins
hand. The deSolation Americans have
felt since Friday afternoon is made
more complete by our knowledge that
such an act Of murder has no rational
relationship to the course of American
politics, policy or history.
There have been times and places
In human history when assassination
seemed the only conceivable method Of
political change. That has never been
so in this country. In other periods,
including one as recent as Germany
under Hitler, honorable men could rea-
sonably conclude that patriotic duty
impelled them to the aSSaSSin'S ways
Of ambush and violence. Not here.
Hence 1t Is that the American
political assassin has invariably pre-
scented q problem in personal mental
health rather than one in political
conditions. In the United States more
than in Europe, even more than in
the Persian original, the very name
of the political murderer has a grim,
pathetic aptness. The original aSsassins
were a medieval Islamic sect which
practiced political murder throughout
the Middle East. They were called
hashishin, from the belief that the
murderers drugged themselves with
hashiSh before striking.
The political murderer in the United
States, when he makes his rare ap-
pearanceS, similarly moves as If in q
drugged dream. In every case, before
the finger pulls the trigger, the mind
has lost its hold on reality.
The killer OF Lincoln, John Wilkes
Booth, apparently thought of himself
as an avenging angel, striking one last
blow for the defeated South. Yet his
murder Of Lincoln made possible the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24
so Years Ago

Literature was on the
skids, according to The Star
Of November "A, 1918: THE
nantes of the dead liter
airy giants, Swinburne and
Meredith, Bjornson and Tolls
toy, have not fallen on the
men and women now engaged
in cultivating the literary
gardens. The average tome Of
today is cursed with indura-
BILE S terility. The hungry
sheep of the reading public
are not fed. It is true that
Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells,
Maeterlinck and Herr Suder-
mann have tn eir admirers,
but there Is q feeling new
erth eless that the insight
which these men possess is
an insig hit into hooks and
crannies, rather than an In
sight into life in its largeness
and wholeness. :. Sophie
cles takes US to the roof of
the world, where we may sur
vey the working Of the moral
laws that govern the individ-
ual. Dante glimpses the
deeps of mans moral nature.
Shakespeare fairly pelts the
reader with the exuberance
Of his creative-imagination.
:. But our age is not favor
ably incllped toward geniuep
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24
Mr.. Aiken Departs

Harold Aitken has been an able,
conscientious highway director. His
sudden retirement, at time when the
District is facing the most critical
transportation decisions in It's history,
Is regrettable.
To say the least, Mr.. Aiken has
been unspecific about his reasons for
leaving. Obviously he is discouraged,
however, by the series Of political stalls
and setbackS which have brought the
freeway construction program to a vir-
tual Standstill. And we suspect, al
though he has had nothing to say about
1t, that the final straw was the recent
agreement by the Presidents Policy
Advisory Commute on the Three Sisters
Bridge and the inner loop freeway.
We have doubts on that score, too,
particularly as to the feasibility of the
new bridge location-between Key
Bridge and Roosevelt Island-which the
Commissioners have agreed to study.
But the fact that these studies will
require further delay does not mean
the highway program is going down the
drain. The notifications proposed by
the presidential advisers are designed
specifically to overcome political OBJ
jectionS, and to minimize the diSrup-
tive impact of the highways. If they
pan out, fine. Certainly the impact of
modern interstate expresSways is great
enough to justify the consideration of
imaginative innovations in highway
construction, especially In the heart of
the Nations Capital. II the modifica-
tons do not pan out, however, these
projects will still have to be built, per-
hapS as they were proposed initially by
the Highway Department. For they are
vital to the well-being Of the city.
This is the point on which the Com
miSSioners, as the policy makers of the
city, must not waver. And now, more
than ever, they need strong highway
director on whose judgment they can
rely to make the right decisions.
With Mr.. Aitken leaving next
month, the Commissioners probably will
have to look beyond the present staff
OF the Highway Department to find a
man with the stature and the expert
ence necessary to replace him. They
should begin the search Immediately
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24
FROM THE STAR FILES...

General Grant nor Thomas
intended it. Their orders
were to carry the rifle pits
along the base Of the ridge
and cut off their occupants,
but when this was accomp-
lished the unaccountahle
spirit Of the troops bore them
bodily up the impracticable
sleeps, over the bristling
rifle-pitS on the crest, and
the 80 cannon enfilading
every gully. :" The Army Of
Tennessee had never before
Succumbed to panic. nor did
it again. Most were battle
tried veterans. True they
were outnumbered, but they
stood fast at Lookout Noun
tain the day before under
similar circumstances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24
100 Years AGO

The Confederate Army Of
Tennessee took a licking a
century ago after three days
of fighting near Chattanooga.
November %, 1868, marked
the Battle Of Orchard Knob;
the following day the Battle
Of Lookout Mountain was
fought, and on November IS,
Braxton Bragg's men in grey
were defeated decisively at
Missionary Ridge. At Vicks-
burg, Grant had cut the
Confederacy in two at the
Mississippi River. At Chatta-
nooga, he cut the Eastern
half of it in two along the
line of the Alleghenies. Grant
had lots of talent with him in
Tennessee-notably Thomas,
Sherman and Hooker.
Bragg'S leaders included Pat
Cleburne, Breckenridge and
Hardee. The Union Army
had nearly 10000 troops, to
the Confederates' less than
10000. Sherman crossed the
Tennessee River at Browns
Ferry and attacked the Con-
federates at the north end of
Missionary Ridge. Hooker hit
the other flank in the So
called Battle Above the
Clouds" at Lookout Noun
tain. Neither movement was
decisive. The main engage
ment occurred on November
IS, when two of Pap"
Thomas divisions (Sheri-
dams and T. j. WoodSD were
ordered to take rebel rifle
pits at the foot of Mission
airy Ridge. They weren't sup
posed to go beyond the pits,
but their momentum car
ried them up and on, until
the defenders at the top
panicked. Except for Gle
burne's troops and some of
Hardee's Corps, the Confed-
crates fled. 1t was a strange
case of Federal infantry
overrunning their objective
and going all the way. A
Union general rode among
his victorious troops after
the battle had been won,
shouting: 81 am going to
have you all court-mar-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24

nedy :. had Just crossed the
threshold Of rich maturity as
the prime defender Of global
integrity against commu-
nism."
Daily Mail, London: I'VE
have witnessed one more act
in the Great American Agony.
Lincoln, at least, was
able to devote q full and ex-
tensive life to this cause.
President Kennedy has been
cut off at q comparatively
early stage Of what showed
clear signs Of being an epoch
making service to his country
and to the world"
Daily Mirror, London: He
defended all the freedoms
which we Of the Western
World hold dear. Against the
challenge Of communism, he
has stood rock firm. . But
he was gentle and magnani-
nous in victory. He did not
seek to humiliate the foe. He
sought agreement and under
standing-and he sought 1t
out Of strength. and not out
Of victory"
lie Soir, Brussels: while
having the great virtues of
his people, he also was be-
loved by his people-by the
most miserable and disin-
herited-by the black people
in the Deep South, who dur
ing his brief presidency will
have advanced one step to-
ward human dignity"
- So
Toronto Globe and Mail:
1.-THE assassination. &.
deprives not only the United
States Of a great leader, but
the entire free world Of its
most commanding figure. 4.
There can be no doubt about
his integrity, his abilities and
his dedication to the public
welfare far beyond the Dor
ders Of his own Jurisdiction.
Ottawa Journal: Under his
guidance, or at least during
the period of his guidance,
the world has come closer to
sanity and has shown per-
haps not only that all men
are created equal, but that
they are created to live for
their ideals and not to die for
them"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24

tailed! You have diSobeyed
orders!" 1t was a feather in
Grants cap, but his troops
put it there by actually
ignoring orders. Some 4,700
Union troops were killed or
wounded in the b. t Il e S
around Chattanooga, while
Confederate casualties were
less. The Star Of November
Is, 1868, referred to the
Battle Above the Clouds:
1.-THE day had been one Of
dense mists and rains, and
much of Hooker's battle had
been fought above the clouds.
which concealed him from
our view, but from which his
musketry was heard. At
nightfall the sky cleared. the
full moon, the traitors doom,
shone upon the beautiful
scene; twinkling sparks up
on the mountain side showed
that picket skirmishing was
going on; then it ceased"
(The heavy mist made it ap-
pear that that fighting was
above the clouds, although
most Of it was done on q
wooded, rocky slope 500 feet
below the crest Of Lookout
Mountain.) Missionary Ridge
was reported on December 2,
1868. THE storming Of the
ridge by our troops was one
of the greatest miracles in
military history. No man,
who climbs the ascent by any
Of the roads that wind along
its front, can believe that
$4,000 men were moved upon
its broken and crumbling
face, unless it was his fortune
to witness the dead. 1t seems
as awful as q visible inter-
position Of God. Neither
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24

ing for halos Of personal
thrills and delights. Happi-
ness is always q by-product
Of self-giving. The autobio-
graphies Of those in our day,
such as the story Of DR.. Albert
Schweitzer and DR.. Tom Doo-
ley. are bright lights in the
tale Of these years because
they forgot themelves, hurts
and all. in order to helpl II
any man makes it the bust
ness Of his life to extract
happiness from any ore he Is
almost certain to have his
toll in vain. Let a man delib-
erately say, 81 am deter
minded at every cost to lead q
happy life," the chances are
he win be miserable. It is
when we think not of avoid
ing hurts. but Of multiplying
helps. that happiness steals
out and joins US on the road
Of service.
One would not expect this
sort Of q declaration Of faith,
Give till 1t helps" from q
free-thinker such as Ber-
trand Russell who loves to
blow materialistic bubbles
out Of the froth Of modern
confusion. Some Of his latest
announcements regarding
the dangerous world in
which we live suggests that
seniority may have passed
into senility. But q dozen
years ago when he lectured
at Columbia his renowned
intellect was at its peak.
Hedged with apologies and
hesitations here Is what this
so-called agnostic unbeliey-
er declared. Look at 1t close
ly-''The root Of the matter
(if you want a stable world
is a very simple, old-fash-
Toned thing, q thing 80 simple
that I am almost ashamed to
mention 1t for fear of q deri-
sive smile with which wise
cynicS will greet my words.
The thing 1 mean is love
Christian love or compassion.
If you feel this you have a
motive for existence, Q guide
IN action, a reason for cour-
age, an imperative necessity
for intellectual honesty"
Well, that is the kind Of
thing that one would expect
to hear, and would hear, In
the nearby famous pulpit of
Riverside Church. But. think
Of Der trand Russell pro-
claiming Christian love,
which he declares Il COM
passion. to be the secret Of
"a worthwhile lifel
When that Holy One, the
Christ Of Galilee, whose
heart was moved with COM
passion, gave his searching
parable Of the Judgment, the
condemnation of doom was
upon those who, in the
presence Of dire need, did
nothing to help. The Master
had absolutely nothing to say
regarding the creed one
might profess. Here was His
final test was hungry
and We did not give me to
eat; I was thirsty and We
gave me no drink; I was a
stranger and We took me not
in; naked and We clothed me
not; sick and In prison and
We visited me not"
The verdict is Guilty-be-
cause, you did not live up to
the motto. Give Till 1t HelpsI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24
SPIRES OF The SPIRIT
Give Till HELPS
By DR.. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United States Senate

~y - ~ Nag-S EN-ooA-
atty. In every great city the
more privileged citizens are
importuned to be channels Of
assistance for the underpriv-
ileged. In organized cam
paigns are modified the char
table ratentialities Of teem-
ing municipalities to minister
to the dire need Of those Of
ten deprived Of even the ne
cessities Of decent living.
Year after year the exhorta-
ton Is Give Of your plenty
even to the point Of sacrifice
for the alienation Of others"
In many such crusades the
call to the humanitarian i'm
pulses Of those with incomes
at all levels Is lifted up In
pertinent appeals printed on
literature and emblazoned on
signs In prominent locations,
Give Till It Hurts" That
puts the searchlight Of giving
upon the giver. It virtually
suggests that he put his
hand in his pocket deep
enough to dig into funds that
he cannot donate without
such generosity touching the
nerve Of his own desires, and
affecting plans for his own
welfare. The motto is really
saying, DO not give an
amount that you will not
really miss-give till it
hurts-until 1t spoils some Of
your own self-centered
plans"
But now In many such
campaigns the appeal has
been radically changed by
substituting for the word
hurts" the word helps. :"
That substitution Is tremen-
dously worth while. "Give till
1t hurts" Is good advice but It
is pointed in the wrong d.
rection. Give till It helps" is
psychologically, practically,
and officially q significant
change Of direction. It turns
the searchlight Of giving
from the giver to the recip-
lent Of his gifts-from what
giving does to him, to what
his benevolence does for 9TH
ersl It emphasizes not the
possible pain Of the giving
but rather the help which
comes to those who are on
the receiving end Of any be-
nevolent enterprise. The blaze
Of motivation Is thus turned
directly away from the hurt
Of the giver to the help the
possible hurt" brings to
those out there who, with the
voice Of woe, are calling for
assistance.
Now the gap in meaning
and attitude between Give
till It hurts" and Give till It
helps" spells out q vital View
point. not only In Communi-
ty Chest, or United Givers
campaigns. but In the whole
concept Of making ones per-
Sonality o service station for
others needs. The only wor-
thy test Of any contemplated
service Is not how much is
this gift going to hurt me,
but what Is it going to do as
1t undergirds the poignant
need upon which with COM
passion my gaze Is fixed.
The only real happiness
that we mortals can ever
know is to channel whatever
strength we have into the
weakness Of others. DR.. VIII
fred Grenfell in Labrador did
not give to the needs Of that
barren coast until it hurt"
He did, Of course, give in
spite Of peril and obstacles
which taxed his perseverance
to an heroic extent. He ex-
claimed to those who in eulo-
giving him summed up his
painful sacrifices. Don't pity
me-I'm happiest when I'm
in Labrador!" But he did not
find the bluebird Of happi-
ness in that unlikely place
because he went there hunt
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19

would be deflationary, but the
market undoubtedly would
turn up again on devaluation
he told a questioner. Any
change in the price Of GOLD
would be taken multi-laterally
by several nations, and not by
the United States alone, he
predicted.
In addition to the imbalance
of payments and other inter-
national uncertainties, Mr.,
Biggs listed these other clouds
on the economic horizon:
Q Rapid growth of private
debt.
Difficulty of keeping wages
from going up faster than pro-
ductivity.
. Lengthening of the pres
ent recovery period.
There certainly will bS
every incentive on the part Of
the Kennedy administration tt
do everything possible to make
1864 an even better year thar
1868, and thus with a tax cut q
high rate of spending can be
expected" he declared.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
FORD WHIZ-KID'
AND ALSO-RAN FOR
PRESIDENCY QUITS

Def ROIT, (AP).
James o. Wright, twice an
also-ran for president of
Ford Motor Co., resigned
yesterday, one week after
his post as vice president
for the car and truck
group had been abolished.
A Ford spokesman said the
resignation, to take effect
May /, was for personal
reasons.
Only last week. Array
Miller. another of the orig
inal group Of Ford "whiz
kids" moved up to the
presidency, while Mr..
Wright's post was being
done away with. Mr..
Wright was to have taken
over Ford'S credit ana IN
surance group, a lower
ranking job on the execu-
tive ladder.
Mr.. Miller and Mr..
Wright, together with Rob-
ert s. Mcnamara, were
among the 10 Air Force
statistical officers hired by
Ford as a management
team after World War II.
When Mr.. Mcnamara left
the Ford presidency two
years ago to become Secre-
tary Of Defense, Mr..
Wright was regarded as a
strong contender for the
post.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
Easter Rush Lifts
Sales 20 Per Cent

A last-minute Easter Shop
ping rush lifted department
store sales in the Washington
area 20 per cent above a year
ago in the week ended April
Is, the Federal Reserve Bank
Of Richmond reported.
Area sales also were up 10
per cent from the preceding
week. In four weeks ended
April Is they were 13 per cent
above a year ago, and 8 per
cent higher for the year to
date.
Downtown sales were IA per
cent above a year ago for the
latest week and IL per cent
ahead of the previous week.
Four weeks downtown sales
were up 7 per cent and those
for the year to date were 4 per
cent higher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
U. S. Urged to Cut
NLRB Legal Powers

The industrial relations COM
mittee of the National Associ-
alton of Manufacturers called
on Congress today to strip the
National Labor Relations
Board of its judicial functions
and limit its Jurisdiction to
collective bargaining elections.
The committee also appealed
to President Kennedy to de-
clare and enforce a policy
which would limit intervention
of the executive departments in
labor management affairs to
those authorized under the
laws.
The resolution asked that
Jurisdiction over unfair labor
practices and other matters in
dispute between employers and
employees be given to Federal
District Courts which, the COM
mittee said, ARE bound to OBJ
serve the law and administer
Justice"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
Group disqualification
Serves Record 910,432

Group disqualification, Inc,
reported that participants in its
Blue Cross Plan reached a
record of 910,432 at the end OF
1862, compared with 870,838 q
year earlier and 365, 984 at the
end of 1852.
CHI paid out $28,9l7,000 for
hospital services required by
customers said F. P. Rawlings,
president. in the annual report
This amounted to $1,048 fol-
every subscription dollar re-
ceived in the year, he noted.
From each subscription dol
lar, operating expenses re-
quired only 5 cents, but claims
required 99.8 cents, making il
necessary to draw on reserves
Of 4.8 cents to meet this ex-
pense, he said.
The CHS net loss from
underwriting was $l,382.O0O
but other income amounting tC
$597 900 reduced the loss to
$785, 900.
CHI assets totaled 06,167,.
1913 on December 81, compared
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
College Speaker Chosen

W. W. Marsh of Chevy Chase, execu-
tive secretary of the National Tire Deal
ers and Retreaders Association, will re-
ceive an honorary doctor of laws degree
from Findlay College at Findlay, Ohio,
after delivering the Founders Day adj
dress there May %. A native Ohioan,
Mr., Marsh has held his present post
Is years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
STEEL RISE AFTERMATH
Few Manufacturers
Plan Early Morkups

construction equipment, did
not expect much effect.
1.-THE price increase of steel
is small factor in our prices, "
he said. However. if it leads
to a round of wage increases,
it could become a big factor,
Mr.. Cole added.
In Milwaukee, spokesman for
A. o, Smith, maker of water
heaters and industrial products,
and Bucyrus-Erie Co., manu-
facturer of heavy construction
equipment, gave too early to
tell" replies.
Tom Lipscomb Of the Atlanta
Builders Exchange said there
had not been enough time to
reach any conclusions, but
speculated that the appliance
and automobile industries will
feel the first impact.
In Chicago and elsewhere,
some big appliance makers said
they are studying the situation
and had reached no decisions.
Reserves Are Substantial
North American Aviation's
Columbus. Ohio, division was
one of several companies re-
porting stable steel reserves
on hand. But a spokesman said
he didn't foresee much effect
even after reserves are used up.
In Los Angeles, w. M. Raw
Inns, president of Central In
dustrial Engineering, a con-
struction firm. said the steel
price rise left his company "in
quite spot"
1--WE have some contracts
running for a couple Of years
and had no protection on them
for an occurrence like this" he
explained.
In United States Steel Corps
price rise announcement Tues
day. Leslie B. Worthington,
president, discounted the likeli-
hood of significant resulting
increases of consumer items.
He noted that the steel in a
hammer that retails for SAC
costs the manufacturer less
than Is cents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
FoirchHd Strotos
Reports Net Loss

Fairchild Stratos Corp. had
a net loss Of $l,286,000 in the
first three months of this year,
compared with net income Of
$760,000 in the same 1862
period, the company announced.
Sales amounted to $13,l15,-
900, compared with $17,371, 900
a year ago. Untitled orders on
March 81 amounted to nearly
$38 million, compared with $50
million a year ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-19
Bunk Manager Named

Ferris w. Cue, jr, assistant manager
of the Bradlee branch of the First and
Citizens National Bank Of Alexandria,
has been named manager of the banks
temporary branch to be opened late
this month near the intersection of
Duke street and Shirley highway. The
temporary branch will serve until COM
petion of a shopping center at Lin
colnia, where permanent branch will
be built.