Jackson advocate., 1963-04-27
Former j.
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Mozambique - Udenamo and
Manu-WhoSe erratic leader
ship and competition for Pan
African funds had helped to
keep Mozambique quiescent at
the height of the Angolan ris-
ing.
Tanganyika, which has a
long common frontier with
Mozambique and 4 substantial
Mozambican community within
its borders, made it plain it
would only give extensive help
to united movement under
suitable leadership.
Friends of the Ansolan A.
rlcans regarded the revival of
mozambique nationalism as
urgent since the exhaustion of
Portugals finances by a war on
two fronts was seen to be the
only certain way of defeating
1T In Africa. Also the fall of
portuguese rule in Mozam-
olque would turn the flank Of
both of the two toughest cen
ters of white minority rule
Southern Rhodesia and the Re-
public of South Africa. South
ern Rhodesia's two principal
outlets to the sea, Beira and
Lourenco Marques, could be
denied to it.
During 1862 the arrival in
Dares Salaam of a succession of
fresh personalities of Mozam-
bique origin put new life into
the revolutionary movement.
The first to arrive was the Rev.
Uria T. Simango, a Baptist
minister from Highfelds, one of
the two African townships on
the outskirts of the Southern
Rhodesian capital of Salisbury.
The Rev. Mr.. Simango asserts
that the Rhodesians had made
arrangements with the Portu-
guese to deport him to Mozam-
bique.
Being well aware, as a long
time resident in the Rhodesian
Federation, of the Banda prece-
dent, he persuaded one of the
existing politicians, David Ma
bunde, to join him in calling
on DR.. Mondlane to return from
the United States to lead the
cause.
DR.. Mondlane, now in his
early 40's, was educated at
Witwatersrand and Lisbon Uni
versities, as well as at Oberlin
College, Northwestern, and
Harvard. His Ph.D from North
western 10 in anrnropoloRy zrd
Sociology.
AS a staff member of the UN
Trusteeship Council, he took
part in the administration of
the UN plebiscite in the Came
rooms. Since September, 1861,
he has been on the teaching
faculty of Syracuse University.
Under DR.. Mondlane's pa
tronage a unified nationalist
movement, Frelimo (Mozam-
bique Liberation 'FRONT.', held
its first congress in Oar es
Salaam from Sept. % to %,
1862. The Rev. Mr.. Sirnango,
as vice-preSident, and Mr..
Mabunde as general secretary,
established a permanent office
in the Tanganyikan capital
and set about mobilizing the
support of their fellow coun-
trymen in Tanganyika for the
coming struggle across the
Portuguese border.
Reports reaching DR.. Mond-
lane made him increasingly
uneasy with this ARRANGEMENT.
He resigned his appointment
at Syracuse and arrived in
Oar es Salaam last month to
take personal command. He
had sent in advance of him.
self personal representative.
Leo Milas of the University of
Southern California, who had !
received military training in !
the Mexican Army, with full
powers. Mr.. Milas used these
to suspend Mr.. Mabunde from
office and take charge of the
movement pending DR.. Mond-
lanes arrival. Mr.. Milas made
it clear when he and the Rev.
Mr.. Simango represented Mo-
zambique at the Afro-Asian.
Solidarity Conference at Moshi
IN February that all hope of
peaceful settlement in the Por-
tuguese colonies had been
abandoned.
Plans are being laid to
launch q violent revolution
across the Tansanyikan border
in early 1864. Mr.. Milas has
now gone to Algeria to ar
ranOA for fhA aryn;no o~J LII.