davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
Save the Ammunition

At breakfast meeting with re-
porterS the other day, Governor Tawes
indicated he didn't particularly care
whether the bill to abolish Maryland's
Ubiquitous unit rule passed the LegiSla-
ture or not. And sure enough, 1t didn't.
The Senate killed the bill by the narrow
margin Of three votes, after 1t had
sailed through the House of Delegates
and even had received a tentative
20-to-9 vote Of Endorsement in the
Senate before the Governor made known
his lack Of interest.
So now the constitutionality Of the
unit rule has to be challenged in the
courts, with all the delay, expense and
trouble which could and should have
been avoided II the Legislature had met
Its responsibility
Why did Mr.. Tawes not speak up?
The only clue is his reported feeling
that II might be better to save the
ammunition" for other proposals in his
Legislative program. One is tempted TO
ask, what ammunition?" The progress
of the Tawes program thus far has been
Of the snail-pace variety, to say the
least. Compromise, Of course, is an
essential part OF any legislative process.
But the unit rule is not the incense
quential issue which Mr.. Tawes seems
TO believe II must be abolished, and
the signs are that II might have been
dropped with the exertion Of admin
istration leadership.
Save the ammunition, indeed! This
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
Cooped Animals

DR.. Alvin Settler. with wise
concern, said in a recent let
ter: "our children. without
knowledge. supervision or
training, coop these small
animals In cramped quar-
ters." He Is speaking of con-
ditions under which expert
mental animals are kept In
school projects.
The sad fact is that II
these youngsters went 10 the
majority Of research centers
In this country they would
learn some new ways 10
coop" and neglect animals.
DR.. Setter is right about
the scientific and humane
reasons for care. II should
be a first concern OF the true
researcher. Young scientists
should have a knowledge and
respect for these animals, but
those who do would have a
sad time In our research CEN
tiers today. Perhaps that Is the
answer TO some OF our recent
scientific plumbers.
Peyton Halves Dunn,
Secretary. Welfare OF Animals
Used for Research In Drugs
and Surgery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
Cuban Issue Explosive

The great American voter,
I feel sure, regardless of
party affiliation, is not in
sympathy with making a
political football out Of the
explosive Cuban situation.
1t was nauSeating when
Congressman refused to d.
vulge to proper authorities
the source Of their unim-
peachable information on the
Cuban military build-up.
Needing the administra-
ton on its foreign policy is
no doubt a great indoor
sport, but it is no joking
matter. Charlie, when you
may trigger a nuclear attack.
Albert J. Kearney.
Senator J. Political Hay
straw:
Haystraw bellered in the
breach/And painted scenes of
blood and gore. Said he,
when ships we're heading
south, /"He's brung us to the
edge Of war;"
But when the rockets went
away/And Haystraw saw no
war begin, Said he, with
ketchup on his hat. /"He
should Of stove their build
ings in"
Lawrence James.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
City Heads Ride Hiqh

I was amazed to read in
The Star that the annual SAL
aries of the chauffeurs of the
three District Commissioners
exceeded $4,000 last year.
When this is added to the
cost of the three official lin
cuisines plus other operating
expenses. the total cost must
be close to the total salaries
paid the Commissioners. This
fringe benefit of the Commits
sioners is certainly an I'M
justifiable burden on the Dis
trict taxpayers.
I suggest that the Commits
sioners use some Of the time
they are now devoting to
seeking new tax sources to
achieving greater economy in
the operation Of the District
Government. A special award
of $3.50 would be appropriate
to the first Commissioner
who can substantially reduce
the Commissioners Transport
tation cost.
Robert V. Maudlin.
Editors Note: The sala-
ries included overtime
amassed in conveying the
Commissioners to after
hours functions.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
Betoncourt's Critics

Two letters have recently
appeared in your paper nam
ing Romulo Betancourt, Presi
dent Of Venezuela, as no less
than an out-and-out Castro
Communist. One even offers
a thoroughly documented"
speech of former Representa-
tive John Rousselot as proof.
1t quite skillfully neglects to
mention that Mr.. RouSselot is
a member Of the John Birch
Society. 1t would be interest
ing to see the evidence that
thoroughly documents" his
claims.
President Betancourt Is not
a Castroite. He is for land
reform and fairness to the
people, but isn't the United
States for that, too? He is
pro-WeStern and for democ-
racy. That is compared to
some pro-Western dictators
the John Birchers worship.
Duncan Clark, jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
The Atom and Mr.. Wilson

Since 1t Is possible that he will be
Britain'S next Prime Minister, 46-year-
old Harold Wilson, the Labor Party's new
leader, quite obviously merits, and is
getting, the close attention of all the
major capitals of the world, particularly
our own.
A brilliant man lat the age of 81 he
was a British cabinet minister, the
youngest in $50 years., he leans to the
left in economics, his first love. However,
as far as international affairs are con-
cerned, he news to line that is worlds
apart from that Of the "ban-the-b bomb"
minority LaboriteS who would have their
country adopt better Red than-d dead"
foreign policy-a policy Of "neutralism,"
unilateral disarmament, and ultimate
surrender.
Thus, in his remarks following his
election to succeed the late Hugh Cats
kell, Mr.. Wilson has been at pains to
emphasize that he and his followers
firmly support the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization and expect to have
a very happy relationship" with the
United States. Indeed, as he sees the
situation, at just happens to be fact
that on so many big issues of the day
the Labor Party has been taking a
position much closer to the American
administration line than the present
Conservative government" of Prime
Minister Macmillan.
Mr.. Wilson has been vague on this
int - Ra 4
is point that seems to be at war with
bis accompanying remarks to the effect
that he would favor, If he becomes Prime
Minister, the following, among other
things: (D BritainS abandonment of
the supremacy costly task of maintaining
nuclear arms of its own; (2) cancella-
ton Of the December Macmillan-Ke
nedy accord on the PolariS submarine;
and ~ acceptance of the idea, since
realism dictates it, that America should
be the Vests prime and decisive atomic
hydrogen power.
All this suggests that the United
Kingdom, II Mr.. Wilson succeeds Prime
Minister Macmillan, will move to with
draw from the Nassau agreement on
al iiuOlCdA 4OISCo. DuG
policy change, far from constituting a
retreat weakening NATO, conceivably
could bring about significant strength
ening OF the alliance. 1t could do so,
that is, If the British-after becoming
non-nuclear, so to Speak-inveSted the
money thus saved to bring about a sub
stantial build-up in their conventional
forces standing guard with ours in
Europe.
In the long-range view, such
build-up might be far more valuable to
the West than continuing British pro-
gram in the enormously costly nuclear
field. If that is the thought governing
Mr.. Wilson, then there is little reason to
deplore the fact that the Gallup poll
(which may be wrong, of courSe) indi-
Gates that he will be Britain'S next
Prime Minister.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
GIorinq LimeIioht

mrs. Hagner'S Modern
Manners" column quotes a
teacher who dislikes Renne-
dys, their relatives and their
friends. She is shocked when
her teen-age pupils call the
President Of the United
States Jack" and I am
shocked. too. and angry. I
call him Mr.. Kennedy, but
there was a time when mil
lions OF Americans, In and out
OF headlines. called another
President Teddy" Almost
every child had a toy called
a teddybear, named for
Roosevelt the hunter, and
soon ladies we're wearing a
rather scanty but comforta-
table undergarment called
a teddybear formally or
teddy informally. The
name was tasteless; the gar
ment was not
The quoted letter says
Mrs. Kennedy goes bare
legged. She does. indeed. and
eager photographers, often
with long distance lenses,
catch her at II. She. like her
husband, has spent much OF
her life at seaside resorts
where swimming and other
sports are natural. She Is
teaching her young children
these pleasant and useful
skills, and is doing her ut
most TO train them in pri-
vate, away from the spot
light. But the spotlight fol-
lows her.
/ have a picture OF Princess
Margaret on water skis. l
have a picture Of a very eld-
erly Lady Churchill walking
barelegged and barefooted
along a public beach with
Sir Winston. Could she have
bathed in the Mediterranean
wearing shoes and a long
dress2 Incidentally, her hus-
band has lost no dignity by
being hailed affectionately
and proudly as Winnie"
w. T. 8.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
Loyal to Alma Mater

Inc results OF the last cleo
tons in Montgomery County
seem to indicate drastic
measures for economizing by
the school board. Caught up
in the economy drive Is the
uncertainty over the proposed
Rockville establishment for
Montgomery Junior College.
Included in the arguments
both pro and con regarding
this expansion in the county
center are accusations that
the school and its student
body are Of low quality and
the existence Of the college
should be questioned.
AS a member Of the first
graduating class of June,
1913, land having as friends
several of my former in
Structors who are still on the
faculty. 1 feel called upon to
defend the college, to speak
for its promotion and ex-
pansion and to try to influ-
ence the school board to re-
consider their stand and at
titude towards this junior
college.
My personal academic
success and professional
achievements started with
enrolment at the Montgom-
cry Junior College. My high
school record showed little to
indicate later academic sue
cess but the junior college
provided an opportunity to
start an academic education
program that has not been
terminated. At the college I
received an associate in
arts degree, made the deans
list and transferred credits,
without loss. to the Univer-
sity of Maryland. Gradual
ing from the U. of M. in
1851 with training to be a
teacher of physics and gen.
eral science, I have subSe-
quently received a masters
degree from Harvard Uni
verSity and have attended
the Oak Ridge Institute of
Nuclear Studies, American
University and Howard Uni
verSity for additional aca-
demic work. I have taught
on the elementary, junior.
senior and college levels, am
presently employed as a su-
pervisor of science in the
District public schools and
work part time for the chem
istry department of Ameri-
can University.
There are many more sto-
ries of achievement by mem
bers Of all the graduating
classes and these people rep
resent the true measure Of the
colleges effectiveness.
stephen Hopkins.
Assistant Director,
Science Department.
n n piIhlin Cnh0aIe
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
Court Tours

I do not know the precise
details Of the Crime Council
and Commissioner Tobriner's
proposals to have every D. c.
high school student spend a
say in criminal court; but If
their rationale follows that Of
monarchs who made public
attendance at hangings and
beheadings compulsory, then
these proposals undoubtedly
will have the same effect.
The Junior Bar Section,
under the able Craftsmanship
OF Dan Freed, a Justice De-
partment lawyer. expanded
its activities last September
TO accommodate the increas-
ing number OF requests for
student tours from civics,
history and government high
school teacherS.
These tours-conducted by
the officers. executive coun-
cilmen. and % other ener-
getic and public-spirited
young lawyers Of the section
serve TO acquaint students
with the workings Of our legal
system. The students have as
their instructors deputy mar
shals, assistant United States
attorneys, and on any occa-
sion when asked. judges OF
the Court Of Appeals and the
District Court. The students
visit, as an example. the CELL
block, a grand jury room, and
a courtroom. spending at
least an hour witnessing an
actual criminal trial.
Most students come away
with a sober realization that
under our Justice, mans con-
duct gets him what he de-
serves. But this lesson Is
neither indicate, solitary
nor easily taught. II must be
emphasized skillfully by sin
cere and patient tour leaders.
Many factors contribute 10
a meaningful tour.
We would like 10 offer the
accumulated experience OF
this committee and its mem
bers In assisting school Off
cials In any proposed extern
sion Of courthouse tours TO
all students.
J. @. Chakeres,
Chairman, Courthouse Tour
Committee. Junior Bar
Section. d. c. Bar Associa-
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
Fights Losing Bottle

I fail to see why home
owners should be required to
clean public sidewalks. We do
not own any part Of them in
spite of the fact that we are
assessed for them, under the
excuse that they enhance
property values. Actually,
they have nothing to do with
property values. Homes are
bought with a view to size
needed, suitable location,
church, school and bus facil-
tiles, and other attractions.
Not many people walk nova
days. and the few who do
walk in the roads which are
at least clean, and the danger
of traffic is no greater than
that of icy sidewalks.
However, / have never
failed to shovel so feet of
public sidewalk, 20 feet of my
garden walk, and II steps as
soon as the snow stops fall
ing, although Maryland laws
do not require it. This is not
an easy job for a woman.
The diSheartening part of it
is to find next morning that
the snow plows have been
busy overnight throwing it
all back again in the form of
heavy wet chunks Of ice,
which is impossible to walk
on, nor can it be shoveled
off because it is too heavy.
Last winter I lodged a
complaint with Montgomery
County against this situa-
ton. The reply I received
from the supervisor of road
maintenance expressed SYM
patty, but indicated in effect
that nothing could be done
about it.
In view Of these handicaps,
I should like to ask the ad-
vocates Of penalties and
prison terms" just who
should be fined or thrown in
the clink-the conscientious
property-owners who have
tried to do their part, or the
snow pillow artists who over
night ruthlessly transform a
clean sidewalk into a noun
tain Of ice peaks.
Hilda N. Wilbur.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Pacific Probed for Thin Earth Crust
By THOMAS R. HENRY

United States ships now
are sweeping the Pacific to
find a spot where the earth's
crust is thinnest.
Their objective is to find
the best site for Mohole," a
hole to be drilled this year
from the surface through
several miles of sedimentary
and other material constitut-
ing the worlds thin shell to
the mantle below.
Already two vessels Of the
Scripps Institution of Ocean,
ography, sponsored by the
Office Of Naval Research,
have sailed back and forth
several times over the Ha-
waiian Arch. just northeast
Of the chain Of islands that
extends from Hawaii to
Kauai. where such a place is
considered likely. The depth
OF the crust is determined
from point to point by sonic
soundings. Sound travels
faster through the rock
which lies below.
Seek Smile Thickness
There is every expectation
that a spot will be found
somewhere under the Pacific
where the crust. at the most,
will be no more than three
miles thick. Under dry land
II is from seven to nine
miles thick and the proposed
hole would be essentially i'm
possible. There have been
some preliminary borings in
the Caribbean but 1t Is quite
unlikely that the favored spot
will be found on this side OF
the world.
knowledge OF the structure
and composition Of the UNI
DERIVING rocks now rests al
most wholly on indirect evil
dence. This includes. besides
the speed Of sound. the
weight and rotational iner-
tia Of the whole earth, the
value Of gravity at the sur
face. the assumed distribu-
ton OF radioactivity and cal
culated temperature at vari-
GUS depths. Nearly all these
factors remain 10 be checked
by actual measurements.
Specimens and measure
ments made at the top OF the
mantle would refine and
check the arguments In sew
eral ways. The influence OF
more than three miles OF
crust under the seas and 10
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
THE POLITICAL MILL
Politics and Foreign Relations
BY GOULD LINCOLN

wrecked this conference. Let
there be no mistake about
that. But we handed Khru-
Shchev the crowbar and the
sledge hammer to wreck the
meeting. Without our series
of blunders. Mr.. Khru-
shchev would not have had a
pretext for making his i'm
possible demands and wild
charges. The hard and in
escapable facts are that
this administration (Eisen-
hower's) played into Khru-
shchev's hands"
Speaking in Cincinnati,
Ohio. in October 1860, after
he had been nominated for
President, Senator Kennedy
implied that If he had been
President during the preced-
ing four years, Fidel Castro
would not have been ruling
the roost in Havana. He said
that in 1858 trouble might
have been averted in Cuba
If we had supplied substantial
economic aid. He was attack
ing at the time his Republi-
can opponent, Vice President
Richard M. Nixon, because on
visits to Cuba in 1855 and
1858 he failed to understand
what was about to happen
in the island republic.
Republican Questions
The Republicans today are
asking Mr.. Kennedy why he
failed to do anything about
Mr.. Castro and his Com
munist government in April,
1861, after he had become
President and permitted the
disastrous invasion attempt
by the Cuban Freedom Fight
ers at the Bay Of Pigs. They
are suggesting that Cuba
continues to remain a Com
muniSt bastion in the
Western Hemisphere, able to
help spread subversion and
revolution in other Latin
American countries. They
point out that parts Of the
Russian Red army continue
on the island. And they
charge that the military
buildup in Cuba with Russian
aid has gone ahead notwith-
standing President Kennedy's
strong stand In October, 1862,
when he threw a naval block
ade about Cuba. Democratic
spokesman object strenuously
to the Republican comments.
A recent joint statement
by the Republican congress
sional leaders that the Ken
nedy administration has been
inept in its treatment of
Britain, France and Canada
charges that The standing
Of the United States with our
three historic allies is far
below the plateau Of prestige
promised by Mr.. Kennedy in
the 1860 campaign" Anti
American sentiment, they
said, has been sweeping these
three countries. In France.
President de Gaulle claims
that Europe cannot count on
the United States to use nu-
clear force in the event of
attack on the continent by
the Soviet Union. In England
the people were angered by
our cancelling of the Sky
bolt missile program, on
which they had counted for
defense, without proper
warning. And more recently,
the Canadian government
has fallen because of a
needless public statement by
the Kennedy administration.
Again Democratic spokesman
are charging the Republicans
with playing politics.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16
At Least He Knows I'm Not WALKING!.
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry iDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condensd-
ton. Those not used will be
returned only when accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16

The outrage expressed by
Democratic Spokesman over
Republican criticisms Of the
handling Of our foreign af-
fairs by the Kennedy admin
istration and over Republican
suggestions that the United
States is losing both friends
and prestige abroad has a
hollow sound. Hollow, indeed,
when the remarks of these
same Democrats over the
conduct Of our foreign policy
by the Eisenhower admins
tration are recalled. Presi-
dent Kennedy, replying to a
reporters question at his
Thursday press conference
regarding Gov. Rockefeller's
charges that the administra-
ton recently has aroused an
tagonism among three Of our
allies-Britain, France and
Canad a--said: Whenever
the United States has a dis
agreement with a foreign
country 1t is a mistake always
to assume the United States
is wrong" The President
couldn't be more right, either.
when it comes to disagree
mentS with nations which are
our friends or with nations
which are our enemies.
What was the attitude.
however, Of President Ken
nedy, Of Adlai Stevenson.
United States Ambassador to
the United Nations, Of the
Democratic Advisory Council
(Which included many Of the
most prominent figures in
the Democratic Party re-
garding the Eisenhower ad-
ministration and its dealings
with friend or1oe? What did
they have to say about the
failures" of the United
States? They heaped criti-
cism for years on the Repub-
lican President for, as they
said, loss Of friends and loss
Of United States prestige
abroad. Where was the rush
to the defense Of this coun-
try? Or did these spokes-
men lay the blame on Gen.
Eisenhower, his Secretaries
Of State-the late John Fos-
ter Dulles and Christian
Herter? What was President
Kennedy saying about the
conduct Of foreign affairs
during the 1860 election cam
paign. and where did he
place the blame? Who was
accused Of brushing things
under the rug" in those days?
Stevenson Criticism
What happened in May,
1860, when the U-2 incident
occurred and Nikita Khru-
shchev broke up the planned
summit meeting" where the
East and West leaders were
to discuss important issues?
After Mr.. Khrushchev made
two demands on the United
States-that it apologize for
the U-2 flight over Russia
ands that we try those re-
sponsible for the flight"-the
then Senator Kennedy and
later Democratic candidate
for President was quoted as
saying that I'VE might have
aPologiZed" In an effort to
save the summit meeting.
This Senator Kennedy de-
MED. and explained what he
really meant was that we
might have expressed re-
greet"
Mr.. Stevenson, former
Democratic candidate for
President and at the time
again a possibility for a third
nomination. spoke up in
much more critical terms. In
a speech in Chicago he
said: Premier Khrushchev
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-16

miles or more under the con-
tinents could be greatly de-
creased.
Observations to date indi-
cate that the average depth
Of the top of the mantle is
about 10000 feet under 49,
600 feet of water, but in
some places the differences
may be much less, which
would greatly decrease the
cost OF the project.
$50
How much stress can a
fellow take and for how long2
An answer to this for the
average individual-some OBJ
viously can stand a lot more
than others-is the object OF
a far-reaching study now I'M
derway by the Office of Ma
val Research. For most men
there are limits beyond which
more stress is likely TO cause
physical or mental deterio-
ration.
There are all sorts Of
stresses, especially fc- sail
ors, some Of which may not
be easily recognized as such.
But they all end up as an
imposing total in the end,
1t is explained by DR.. L. M.
Libber. head OF the Office Of
Naval Research physiology
branch.
Environmental stresses
caused by extremes OF tenn
perature and humidity, alb
normal concentrations OF at
mospheric gases and high ra-
diation level all add up. Some
or all may be encountered by
Naval personnel on land or
water, in the sky or below
the seas surface.
Fast OrientatlOn Sought
Military personnel who may
have TO be transported In a
matter OF a few hours from
temperate climates, TO hot
humid, cold-moist or cold
dry environments require
streSsful thermo regulatory
adaptations. II q means
could be found. the Nays
report points out, TO enable a
man 10 acclimatize within
hours instead of weeks our
military situation would be
considerably strengthened.
Investigations are being
made into the peculiar adap-
tive abilities OF some native
populations such as hiber-
nation mechanisms Of DWELL
ers in the Far North.