Evening star., 1963-01-14

OF proud and sovereign nations,
and works best when we do not
forget 1t. 1t recognizes further
that the nuclear defense of the
West is not a matter for the
present nuclear powers alone
that France will be such a pow
er in the future and that ways
must be found without increas-
ing the hazards of nuclear diff
fusion, to increase the role of
our other partners in planning,
manning and directing a truly
multilateral nuclear force with
in an increasingly intim a t e
NATO alliance.
Finally, the Nassau agree
ment recognizes that nuclear
defense is not enough-that the
agreed NATO levels of conven-
tional strength must be met
and that the NATO alliance
cannot afford to be in a posi-
ton of having to answer every
threat with nuclear weapons or
nothing.
We remain too near the
Nassau decisions, and too far
from their full realization, to
know their final place In his
tory. But I believe that, for
the first time, the door is open
for the nuclear defense of the
alliance to become a source OF
confidence, instead Of a cause
of contention.
The next most pressing con-
cern of the Alliance is our COM
mon economic goals of trade
and growth. This Nation con-
tinues to be concerned about
its balance of payments deficit
which, despite its decline, re-
mains a stubborn and trouble
some problem. We believe
moreover, that closer economic
ties among all free nations are
essential to prosperity and
! peace.
And neither we nor the men,
bers of the European Common
Market are so affluent that we
can long afford to shelter high
cost farms or factories from the
winds of foreign competition, OF
to restrict the channels of trade
with other nations of the free
world.
If the Com m on Market
should move toward protection
ism and restrictionism, it would
undermine its own basic prin-
ciples. This Government means
to use the authority conferred
on it last year by the Congress
to encourage trade expansion
on both sides of the Atlantic
and around the world.
vi
Second, what of the develop
ing and aligned nations?
They were shocked by the So
viets' sudden and secret at
tempt to transform Cuba into
a nuclear striking base and by
Communist China's arrogant
invasion of India. They have
been reassured by our prompt
assistance to India, by our sup
port through the United Ma.
tions of the Congo's unifica'
ton, by our patient search foI
disarmament, and by the i'm
provement in our treatment o.
citizens and visitors whose
skins do not happen to be
white.
And as the older colonialism
recedes, and the neo-colonial-
ism of the Communist powers
stands out more starkly than
ever, they realize more clearly
that the issue in the world
struggle is not communism ver-
sus capitalism, but coercion
versus free choice.
They are beginning to realize
that the longing for independ-
ence is the same the world over
whether it is the independence
of West Berlin or Wet Nam
They are beginning to realize
that such independence runs
athwart all Communist ambi-
tions but is in keeping with our
own and that our approach to
their diverse needs is resilient
and resourceful, while the Com
munists are still relying on an
cient doctrines and dogmaS.
Nevertheless 1t is hard for
any nation to focus on an ex-
ternal or subversive threat to
its independence when its ener-
gies are drained In daily COM
bat with the forces of poverty
and despair. 1t makes little
sense for us to assail, in speech.
es and resolutions. the horrors
of communism, to spend $5C
billion a year to prevent Its
military advance and then u
begrudge spending, largely or
American products, less thar
one tenth Of that amount Il
help other nations strengthen
their independence and cure thu
social chaos in which commu-