davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
CoIIeqe Aid

In passing two urgently needed aid
to-education bills, Congress has taken
a large edge off the do-nothing taunts
OF its ever-eager critics Two bills do not
make a session. But there should be
warm praise for the 81 .2-billion program
OF Federal grants and loans to inStitu-
lions OF higher learning and the more
recently enacted 81 6 billion measure ex-
banding vocational training, college
loans and aid to "impacted" areas.
Viewed against a background of
overcrowded colleges and universities,
OF chronological revolution in business
and industry, of resultant massive I'M
employment, aid is arriving none too
soon. Primary benefits will begin with
the contracts that fall to the conStruc-
ton and building supply trades The
big dividends will follow when thou
sands of additional Americans have
their educational requirements fulfilled.
The college construction bill is good
because 1t allots money fairly to each
State and the District without regard to
political favoritism. 1t is up to the Gov
errors Tin the District, the Commission
ers) to appoint commissions for decid-
ing how the funds will be allocated for
CONSTRUCTION Of college buildings. The
program will be no more or less COM
petent than the commissions which
direct it. They should be selected with
care.
To whatever advantage the Dis
trict uses its share (about $50 million)
1t may be that the commissioners will
wish to study the need for one or more
junior colleges, which are being en-
couraged by the legislation. Maryland
and Virginia also have offers of sub
Stantial grants to improve their colleges
The benefits of the vocational-aid
bill are no less important. Washington
Is particularly fortunate to be one of
five areas which will receive $40 million
TO establish a residential job training
school for 1000 area youths between
the ages of Is and 20. Coupled with
medical-School legislation enacted ear
Her, the passage of these two bills JUS
titles President JohnSon'S observation
that this Congress is doing more for
education than any since the land
grant college bill Of 100 years ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
SATURDAY, DECEMBER "A, 1868

in jeopardy. Nine years, in terms Of
freeway construction, is not far off
And the fact is that several of the most
critical parts Of the interstate system
in the Nations Capital, all of which
surely will have to be built, are barely
in the initial stages of planning. 1t is
no secret that Washington lacks a po-
htical mechanism capable of making the
regional planning and policy decisions
which are necessary to proceed. The
surprising thing is that the political
leaders of the area are so utterly lack
adaisical about the consequences of
delay.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Case for Shelters

Congratulations on the
Dec. 9 interpretive report,
Arguing the Case for Shell
ters," by Richard Fryklund.
1t is good to hear that the
House of Representatives
and all State governors are
for the $190.6 million fallout
shelter program and that
there are very few public
officials who want to play
God" by saying that the
public must not have public
shelters. 1t seems to me
that play the Devil" would
be a more accurate phrase in
this particular case.
I would like to know, and I
am sure that others would,
where Chairman Cannon of
the House Appropriations
Committee got the informa-
ton that, There will never
be another world war" This
information would be reas-
surfing to countless millions
of people. The majority OF
authorities believe that
nuclear war is not too likely,
but that 1t could happen.
David w. Johnston.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Financing the Memorial

Under the bipartisan bills intro
duced in the House yesterday, the Fed
eral contribution to the construction of
the Kennedy Memorial would be set at
S155 million. Certainly Congress, in its
deliberations, should consider this
amount to be a rock-b bottom minimum.
A S25-million share by the Fed
eral Government as proposed in earlier
bills would have been neither overly
generous nor inconsistent with the needs
of the memorial project Testimony at
the joint hearing on Thursday brought
out, however, that the lesser amount,
matched by public contributions, would
be sufficient to build the National Gull
tural Center if the costs Of parking IA
cilitieS and the additional land which is
needed to round out the site on the
Potomac were financed separately.
There appeared to be considerable SEN
timent on Capitol Hill that this is the
proper procedure to follow Hence the
new bills.
If Congress follows their approach,
the provision of the new bills which
cover the costs of underground parking,
repayable from parking revenues in the
future, is sound. The additional funds
for the site, which Congress through
earlier legislation already has agreed
should be its responsibility, can be pro-
vided through separate appropriations.
The new bill also wisely leaves no
question that the Cultural Center will
be the memorial in Washington to John
Fitzgerald Kennedy. Surely no other
could more appropriately reflect the in
terests and the spirit of the man.
This conviction, given voice by Pres
ident Johnson in his message on the
subject to House and Senate leaders,
was reflected by the members of the
House and Senate Public Works Com
mittees who are responsible at this point
for furthering the project We trust
that it will be reflected as we'll by the
Congress as a whole through expeditions
passage of the necessary legislation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Pulpit to Bench

II as many people say, that
minority interests have over
Swallowed those Of the
majority, then 1t is clearly up
to the majority either to
capitalize on the methods of
the minority, or to develop
new tactics of influence and
power. In this regard I would
suggest that the Nation
consider elevating a promi-
nent churchman to the next
vacancy on the U. S. Su-
preme Court.
Although the concept Of a
Nation Of Laws-Not of
Men" would still prevail, I
would prefer the opinion Of
a theologan in interpreting
those Constitutional problems
such as church and state,
capital crimes and others, to
that Of a divorce.
Kenneth w. Weidner.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Campus Speakers

1t is difficult to under
stand why The Star is so crit
ical Of North Carolina for
banning certain" speakers
from its State-supported
colleges and universities.
Maybe The Star is naive
enough to believe that if poi
sonous theological potionS are
served up to our students
they will have the good sense
and discernment to taste and
reject them. Obviously, the
Communists, who seem to
move freely among us doing
as they please, do not agree.
Otherwise, they would not
now be engaged in a cam
paign to control the minds
and allegiance Of American
youth. Toward this end a Ma
tional Youth Commission has
been established within the
Com muniSt Party. US.A.
During the past two years,
Communist spokesman have
appeared on nearly 100 cam
puseS from coast to coast in
an expensive and determined
effort to Great confusion,
raise questions, and spread
doubt among our young peo-
pie concerning the American
way Of life.
In a speech before a Cath
Ole Youth Organization. in
New York City on Nov. Is, j.
Edgar Hoover said, 1T is in
deed ironic that Communist
Party speakers whose
minds and thoughts and &C
tons are in no manner free
- should demand the oppor-
tunity to parrot the Moscow
line to young Americans I'M
der the guise of academic
freedom. Academic freedom
is not an instrument for the
perpetuation Of conspira-
tional ideologies. Nor is 1t an
agent Of self-destruction-
a freedom to destroy freedom.
AS a free-flowing channel Of
truth and knowledge. aca-
demic freedom is not obi
gated to carry along the
silted tributaries Of lies and
distortions of known Com
munistS".
To that I would like to add
"Amen!" AS a citizen and q
taxpayer, I object to Com
munistS using unsupported
facilities for their sinister
purposes. Let them rent q
hall or speak from their own
soapboxes in the public
square.
Rnhu Tinfnn Cnrd
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
THE POLITICAL MILL
Toft and Kennedy Senate Races
BY GOULD LINCOLN

generally conceded that SEN
ator Ted Kennedy will slide
to an easy victory. notwith-
standing the fact his brother.
the late President. viii not be
heading the Democratic tick
ct. The Kennedy organiza-
ton in the State Is strong
and the emotional factors
growing out Of the tragic
death of President Kennedy
are expected to carry the. day
for Senator Kennedy. He
came to the Senate almost
two years ago virtually with
out earlier experience. but he
has given a good account Of
himself as Senator.
Senate Race Unclear
What the Republicans will
do in Massachusetts, about
the Senate race Is not yet
clear, although they are ex-
pected to place a candidate
in nomination. Unless there
should be some great change
in the political situation, the
general view Is that the
Republican senatorial nomi-
nation next year will be pref
ty much an empty honor.
However, the G. o. P. wishes
to keep the record clear and
not to allow the election for
Senator to go by default. It
has been suggested that per-
haps former Representative
Laurence Curtis, who sought
the senatorial nomination in
1862 and almost won 1t
against George Lodge. son Of
Ambassador and Senator
Henry Cabot Lodge, or Elliot
Richardson. another promi-
nent Republican leader in
the State, will consent to
make the race against Sena-
tor Kennedy.
AS Of today, Senator Ted
Kennedy is the only one Of
the late Presidents immedi-
ate family who will run for
high elective office next
year. What the Attorney
General, Robert F. Kennedy,
will do is not yet determined.
There has been speculation
he may become a candidate
for Vice President on a ticket
with President Lyndon john
son, or that he will run for
Governor Of Massachusetts,.
or that he may run for a
seat in the House Of Rep
resentatives from the Cape
Cod district now represent
ed by Hastings Keith.
This has been a strongly
Republican district in the
past, however, Mr.. Keith
carrying it in 1862 by $1,000
votes. Too, 1t has been sug-
gested that the Attorney
General will not seek election
until 1866, when the gov
ernor's term Of office is ex-
pected to be extended to 4
years. 1t does not appear.
however, that the KennedyS,
having so successfully entered
the field of politics, national
and State, are about to re-
linquish their interest in high
office.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Route Sc, Where Are You?'
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tUriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condensa-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
'Christion Country

At various times there
have appeared letters in The
Star where the writer's were
strongly reminded that this
was a Christian country
and founded as such.
It should be Of interest
and enlightenment for those
who identify and attach this
country to a particular
religious group to cite the
official expression Of the
George Washington Admins
tration on this point.
During President Washing
tons Administration in the
year 1896 a treaty was con-
cluded with the Barbary
Powers Of North Africa in
which there appeared the
following clause:
Article IL. AS the Govern
ment Of the United States is
not, in any sense, founded on
the Christian religion. :"
This concluded treaty
between our country and the
Tripoli powers was submitted
in 1877 to the United States
Senate by President John
Adams who followed George
Washington.
It is not intended to argue
the emotional position Of
many who have sincere
conviction that because the
great mass Of our people are
of Christian derivation this
becomes a Christian country.
To them I could only say,
that If everyone in this
country processes himself a
Christia n excepting one
single individual, such lonely
in dividual could rightly
state that this country is not
identifiable with or attached
to any religion or religious
group.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Mass Indictment

Your Sunday paper, In an
article entitled Bishop
Blasts Many in Killing Ken
nedy." quoted Bishop Reuben
H. Mueller of Indianapolis,
Indiana, newly elected presi-
dent Of the National Council
Of Churches, as saying the
Government, business. labor
unions. and the churches
have all failed and on No
vember % the climax came
when "our President, cham
pion Of civil rights for all
people everywhere, became
the ambushed victim Of
hatred gone mad"
How the blame for the
frightful murder of President
Kennedy can be put on the
American people is puzzling.
Government officials along
with many commentators
have tried to deluge the
American people with the
idea that they are consumed
with rancor and hatred. BY
simple observation, the
American people possessed
by hate does not fit the
picture. The overwhelming
majority Joined together in
tribute when this murder
was committed.
The accusation that the
American people were re-
sponsible for the assassination
should be stopped immedi-
ately, otherwise our entire
electorate will be possessed
with a feeling Of guilt.
Further, it steps up Commu-
nism in this country beyond
the point from which we
could return.
Fred Kleinknecht, Jr,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Truth About SMOKING

I have noticed in your
paper recently a number Of
items on smoking, especially
the one Cigarette Sales Still
Rising" and another "Ameri-
cas- $100-a-Year Smoking
Ritual Now on Trial"
AS long as the tobacco in
dustry is allowed to adver-
tise, cigarette sales will con-
tinue to rise. The industry
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
Attack on Poverty

President johnson has
called for an about national
attack on poverty which af-
flicts millions of Americans.
How about taking some Of
the waste money out of de-
fense-Spending and creating
civilian jobs with this money?
Defense spending creates
fewer jobs than any other
kind of spending because:
automation is highest, mean
ing less jobs. and more mon
ey is used on higher salaries
to pay for skills that are
scarce.
If we could start by reduc-
ing the defense budget by
say SIS billion Of its waste
spending and put this money
into spending for human
needs, aside from the moral
value Of this kind of spend
ing, more jobs would be
created as less skilled work
ers could take jobs in the
building Of schools, hospi-
tails, roads, urban renewal,
urban transit, parks and
Fairgrounds etc. Some of the
SIS billion could also be used
for civilian research and de-
velopment, medical research
scholarships, vocational and
technical training, higher
salaries for teachers, etc.
Cutting the defense budget
Of its waste-spending and
using it for civilian needs
would make US more secure
as we would have less unem.
ployment and a better edu-
Gated community.
Miriam Levin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
Zonzibor-DreomIond and Reality
By RALPH McGHL

selves to African territory.
: The Germans were reaching
for Zanzibar and the spice
trade, but the British traded
them Helgoland in the North
Sea in an exchange for q
promise to restrict German
activities in East Africa to
what is now Tanganyika.
(The Germans took it, having
even then an idea that q
naval base in Helgoland might
one day be valuable in a
European war in which the
Kaiser would match force
with the British0 From 1890
to 1914 was a mere "a years.
There is a racial COM
plexity on Zanzibar and Penn
ba. The total population is
less than 100000. 1t is mostly
African with a substantial
minority of Arabs, q still
smaller one of Hindus, and
various other enclaves Of
tribal peoples.
The history Of old Zanzibar
was a hideouS one. 1t was
perhaps the worst slave trade
center in the years when the
Arabs and African chiefs
made the sale Of hum a n
beings a scandal and an Of
Tense to civilization and hui
mainly. The British finally
halted it.
Fitting Symbol
It is fitting the Glove should
have a central position on the
new flag. Between them zan-
zibar and Pemba produce 80
per cent of the cloves of the
world and the economy, Of
course, is dependent on this
crop. Indonesia is perhaps
the largest single customer.
There the cloves are shredded
and mixed with tobacco to
give cigarets and pipe to-
bacco an exotic aroma.
India also is a huge market.
Cloves are the bud Of a tree
that resembles the myrtle. An
oil is obtained from the bud
and stems of the cloves which
is called vanillin, a substitute
for pure vanilla. The United
States imports great amounts
of this. But there always is o
worm in Eden. There is q
blight. Some Of the trees are
dying of old age and new
ones are expensive and slow
to develop. There are about
three million trees on Pemba
and a million on Zanzibar
itself.
Zanzibar was never q
Shangri-la-never an isolated
Indian Ocean paradise, but to
a boy reading about it more
than half a century ago it
seemed so. And even now, to
be at sea and smell the cloves
in the sea winds is enough to
stir the imagination and
make one think of that dream
paradise toward which the
Soul-at times-yearns.
IAN RiEhts Reserved}
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14

Your editorial Mon
Graded Nonsense" quotes me
as saying that there is
no need for a fullfledged
discussion until the COM
plants were investigated
by the school staff" and
then your newspaper editori-
allied that "the controversy
obviously has reached the
point where a full-fledged
discussion is precisely what
is needed" Had you used the
full quote from The Stars
account of the meeting by
your excellent reporter,
James Rowland, 1t would
have read thus: mrs. Lucy
Kicker, minority member.
said the non-graded system
was fully reviewed and ap-
proved by the Board last
summer, and there was no
need for a 'full-fledged'
discussion until the staff
looked into complaints at
Rosemary Hills"
The full-fledged discussion
you recommend has already
been held - in July Of this
year. At that time I spoke Of
my approval of the goals of
the ungraded system. but
expressed some reservations
about the possibility of
implementing it successfully.
On the other hand. the
majority members expressed
no reservations, but received
the report from the two
principals most enthusiastic
cally. One majority member
demanded to know why all
the schools in the county
were not ungraded. The
answer given by a member of
the school staff was that.
while there Is a national
trend to this type Of instruc-
ton, there must be a desire
for such a program from the
community, the principal
and the teachers; that it
requires a great deal more
effort to operate. q program
in which individualized
instruction is the key; and
that we do not have suffi-
cient evidence from the
research project yet to indi-
cate that 1t Is desirable for
all schools.
I still have some reServa-
lions about the ungraded
system, but I am impressed
by the strong support Of the
majority of parents whose
children are In the research
project, and by the fact that
the teachers involved gen.
orally believe that they are
doing a better educational Job
than formerly. Testing shows
that children are doing at
least as well, If not better,
in the basic subjects than
before.
Lucy 8, Kicker,
Member, Montgomery Coun-
ty Board Of Education.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14

A boys dream, got from
books, was one day to go to
Zanzibar. In the stories it
said that those in a ship
passing that magic island
could smell the cloves in the
winds, even though the place
where they grew was out Of
sight. There were narrow
streets and the doors were
massive things carved from
teak and decorated with huge
brass medallions and like the
buttons Of a giants coat. On
Zanzibar and the adjacent
island of Pemba carnations
grow lush and wild and
one must bend closer to
smell their tropic sweetness
because the scent Of cloves
hangs thick in the air. So
a boy dreamed Of one day
sailing to Zanzibar where the
Arab traders were-and the
Glove trees were thick as a
forest, and the air was per-
fumed, and life was like a
dream.
So a boy dreamed, learn
ing many years later that,
like most dreams, the reality
was something else. But some
of it was true. Even now the
scent of cloves reaches far
out to sea when the wind is
right. The carnations bloom.
The air is soft and moist.
The streets are narrow. The
heavy, brasS-studded doors
are still there, mysterious as
something out of the Arabian
Nights but the reality is
harsher.
Nice Touch
There was a nice touch in
the creation of the flag as
Zanzibar attained independ-
ence in the British way-de-
Gently, legally, with theDuke
there representing her Ma
jesty the Queen, with the
band playing English tunes
intermingled with the squeal-
ing bagpipes of the Gordon
Highlanders and the shrill
high notes Of Arab compo-
Sitions.
The flag Of Zanzibar Is red
with a green center. And in
the center is the yellow Glove
red, green and yellow
three positive, self-identify-
ing, self-announcing colors.
Zanzibar Is q part Of the
new Africa, emerging from
the old. Her economic status
is good. Her future is uncer-
tain. Her politics are reason
ably stable, but the elements
Of instability are present.
Zanzibar was lucky in be-
coming British and, further,
in retaining a sort Of sover-
eighty under Sultans who
were rather benign. The
British made the two islands
protectorates in 1890. This
was at the time the great
powers were helping them
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14

At least two big-name can
didates for the United States
Senate will go to the polls in
1964-both young men, one q
Democrat and the other q
Republican. And both seem
on the way to victory. The
first is the youngest brother
Of the late President John F.
Kennedy-Edward M. Ken
nedy Of Massachusetts,, now
occupying the Senate seat
once held by the late Presi-
dent. The other is Represent
ative Robert Taft, jr.. Of
Ohio, son of the late Senator
Bob" Taft. and grandson Of
the late President and Chief
Justice william Howard Taft.
Mr.. Taft has Just an
nounced his candidacy for
the Senate seat occupied by
Democratic Senator Stephen
NJ. Young. 1t is taken for
granted that Senator Kenne-
dy will seek reelection. Mr..
Taft will be in his 47th year.
His father. Republican leader
Of the Senate and widely
known as Mr.. Republican"
died ten years ago. The Taft
name, however. is still potent
in Ohio. Mr.. Taft had eight
years of experience in the
Ohio House of Representa-
tives before he ran in 1862
for Representative At-Large
and defeated his Democratic
opponent by nearly $4,000
votes in a Statewide cleo
ton. He must run in the
May senatorial primary cleo
ton for the Republican NOM
ination against Secretary Of
State Ted w. Brown, who
announced his candidacy a
month ago.
Expected to Run
Senator Young who is 70
years old, is expected to an
nounce his candidacy for re-
election. Ohio Is generally a
Republican State. 1t has a
Republican Governor today,
and its delegation in the
House is split 10 Republicans
and 6 Democrats, although
both its Senators are Demo-
Gratis. Senator Young was
elected in 1858, a Democratic
year, over former Senator
John w. Bricker. A right
to-work" issue was injected
into the campaign by the
Republicans and is credited
with having sunk Mr.. Brick
er. There were rumors that
Mr.. Bricker would enter the
race for Senator again, but
Mr.. Bricker has said he will
not.
There was some criticism
Of Mr.. Taft by Democrats
for announcing his candidacy
during the 30-day mourning
period for President Kennedy.
But it was a logical thing
for Mr.. Taft to do. His Re-
publican opponent threw his
hat in the ring November S.
Mr.. Brown has been Secre-
tary Of State of Ohio for IA
years and is 81 years old.
Up In Massachusetts, it Is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14

has so thoroughly BRAIN
washed the public that they
will continue to smoke II it
kills them and others.
The tobacco industry Is
unable to face the truth.
Raney CouuadFe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-14
School HossIe

Fred Klei