davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-01-11

Pictures on Pose Dc
Evening star., 1963-02-10
Letter
The P.O.
tries!

blues and yellOws depicting the world from space
all wrong The Post Office replied that checked with
two of the four who had been up there
In the fall the Post Office turned q commemorative
stamp dedicated the memory of Dag HammarskOh New
Jersey salesman named Leonard Sherman thought he'd struck
it rich when he discovered printing the block of 200
stamps he purchased He estimated the Phaec worth of his
find $5O0OOO and busiy making plans spend the
money when Postmaster Day announced 'The Post Office
isn't running jackpot Operation and proceeded order
another 100000 imperfect HammarskOds printed the
outrage of the Shermans.
Late in the year. the Post Office issued after great deal
Of deberaOn, the FIRST Christmas stamp in its history and
was rewarded with an immediate storm of criticism.
Artists said that the stamp. which showed Christmas
candles and wreath and designed by Post Office staff
artist, arOn both to Christmas and good art.
Princeton, n j., resident complained of the stamps
pseudOpe and wished the Post Office would instead devote
its whole energies such the restoration of twice.
aday residential delivery service" Said Days I'VE have had
complaints from persons who thought there should have
been religious design than from people suggesting there
should be no Christmas stamp"
SGOrHs sieWaLs are Hp
After taking look what went on in 1862 you begin to
get the feeling that the Post Office nice place visit but
you wouldn't work there. And since you can't please
all of the people all of the me it probable that there
will be more controversy in the future
However, the Post Office is brsvely going ahead with the
Gettysburg stamp competition and scence-stamp
petition announced last December The Gettysburg winner will
undoubtedly into dsseners only among the Is million
stamp collectors but among the millions Of Civil War bluffs.
Dur THE Posr OFFICE is not much concerned with the
opinion Of the specialist with the general pubic So,
examine the stamps cover. find the identity Of your
choice with the key chart Page TO- and mail your post
card vote to Carstws SamP. U.s. Post 00soe DP@amens,
Washiagoa IS, DC. -MH sss
Evening star., 1963-05-19

We have Weothervoins for
trovel, terroce, work, ploy, oil
looking sunrise fresh in their
crisp, creose-resistont fobrics.
You'll love their cosuol-coun-
try Dir!
q. Seersucker cotton stripe in
yellow, beige, green, pink,
opricot, blue. 8 to 20.
b. Dark plaid in Docrone and
cotton. Green or brown (os
shoWn). 8 to l8.
c. Broodcloth of FortrelS and
cotton in beige, gold green.
yellow, opricot, blue. pink,
navy, black, cocoa. 8 to 20.
The Hseht cO.-sOuIsvOrd DSsssss-An 5 Stores
Evening star., 1963-05-22
LAWMAKERS SON
ADDS COOPER TO
HIS SPACE FILE

One Of the few people to
get close TO Maj. Cooper as
he left the Capitol yester-
day was 12-year-old Jimmie
Cunningham, son of Rep
resentative Cunningham,
Republican Of Nebraska.
Jimmie. who had a blue
file card that already con-
tanned the signatures Of
Astronauts Alan B. Shep-
ard and Walter w. Schirra
and rocket scientist Wern-
ner Won Braun, wanted the
autograph Of the newest
astronaut.
Representative Cunning
ham spoke up for his son:
This little kid has been
waiting for you all day."
Jimmie got his autograph.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
THE PRESIDENT DECIDES
The Best Data Needed

rowness of his available re-
sources and the restrictions on
his permissible options-despite
all these limitations, the Presi-
dent must. nevertheless, make
decisions every day on courses
for the Nation that may decide
its success or survival.
In Order to Survive
Few Presidents, therefore, I
am certain, could survive them
selves unless they had the ca
pacity to say. as Franklin
Roosevelt repeatedly said to a
friend: "At night, when l ley
my head on my pillow and
I think of the things that have
come before me during the
day, and the decisions I have
made, I say to myself-well, I
have done the best ] could
and I turn over and go to
sleep"
President Harding. on the
other hand, was one of those
who did not survive; and he
is reported to have burst out
to a friend: II listen to one
side and they seem right, and
then I talk to the other
side and they seem Just as
right, and there I am where l
started. God, what a job!"
What a job it is, indeed. The
President may seek advice from
the Congress, from the Cabi-
net, or from his personal ad-
visers. He may seek the views
Of the press, the parties and
the public. But however nu-
merous his counselors, in that
final moment of truth there
can be no "multitudes, multi
tudes" In the valley Of deci-
sion." There can be only one
lonely man-the President of
the United States.
Tomorrow: The forces shap-
ing presidential decisiOns.)
copyright 1868, Columbia University
Press)
Evening star., 1963-05-22
Mundt Says Russiu
Builds Cubu Plants

Senator Mundt, Republican
of South Dakota, says Russia
is building 16 industrial plants
in Cuba. including an automo-
bile repair plant, three metal
lurgical factories and an oil
refinery.
In a report to constituents,
Senator Mundt said Moscow
radio had confirmed this in
dustrial activity. "Leningrad
engineers have completed
plans for an oil refinery to be
built in the Santiago de Cuba
area" Senator Mundt said.
This plant will process 2 mil
lion tons Of oil a year."
Evening star., 1963-05-22

M. SoFenSen, President Kennedy
top White House ossistont. Th'
articles ore bosed on his SperonxS
Lectures at Columbia University
which ore being published as boOs
by the Columbia University Press.
which no previous experience
on earth can equip him.
For the essence of decision is
choice; and, to choose, 1t Ii
first necessary to know.
No President, Of course, ray'
attention to all the informa-
ton he receives; nor can he
possibly remember 1t all. What
he actually considers and re-
tains may well be the key To
what he decides: and these In
turn may depend on his con-
fidence in the source and on
the manner in which the facts
are presented.
He is certain to regard some
officials and periodicals with
more respect than others. He
is certain to find himself able
TO communicate more easily
with some staff members than
with others. He is certain to
find that some reports or brief
ing books have a higher re-
liability than others, that some
can be SKINNED and some even
skipped.
Shortage in Foreign Affairs
The primary problem OF
presidential information, how
ever. is usually not an abun-
dance Of reliable data but a
shortage, especially in foreign
affairs. The apparatus and op-
erations of modern intelligence
systems can obtain and assem-
BILE great quantities of hereto
fore unreachable facts - but
they cannot predict the future
And it is the future which most
often most be gauged.
In the last two years, for
example, the President has had
to judge whether this Nations
resumption of nuclear tests
would increase or diminish the
prospects for a test ban treaty
whether new military assistance
to the Congo would assure its
pacification or bring it back
into the Cold War - whether
our quarantine around the is
land of Cuba would lead to
Soviet submarine warfare, to a
Berlin blockade, or to Soviet
ships turning back.
Uncertainty a Factor
Domestic decisions also in
volve uncertainty - whether a
presidential appeal for his
health insurance program
would diminish or stiffen the
Opposition - whether presiden-
'tial criticism of a union or in
dustry, which is threatening
industrial peace or price stabil-
.ity, would bring a reconsidera-
ton or merely an angry rebuff
whether a presidential order
banning discrimination in Fed
eral housing would achieve Its
Iobjectives or simply cause q
shifting Of financing to other
sources or q weakening of the
housing market-whether the
State and local authorities in
oxford. Miss, could keep order
without Federal troops or had
never intended to do so.
These are the kinds of facts
a President would like to know
but cannot know on the do
mestic scene. where one mis-
calculation can endanger his
entire program. But the gaps
in his information are ever
greater on the world scene
and there one miscalculation
can endanger the Nation, OF
even life as we know it on this
planet.
Yet decisions must be made
Despite the gaps in his in.
formation, despite the stric-
lures Of his previous pledges
despite the crowding Of his
schedule and the shortage Of
waking hours. despite the mar
Evening star., 1963-05-22
By THEODORE C. SORENSEN
Rnecial Counsel tn the president

The fifth and final limita-
ton on presidential decisions
is imposed by the limits of
available information. And i'm
plicit in this limit is the Presi-
dents need to make certain
that as much information as
possible is available.
Reliance on official channels
only has never proven to be
wise. For there will always be
subordinates who are willing to
tell a President only what they
want him to hear, or, what is
even worse. only what they
think he wants to hear.
Franklin Roosevelt made a
systematic effort to supplement
the official sources of infor-
nation, not limiting his search
to the somewhat rarified and
often provincial atmosphere
Of Washington. Similarly, Pres
ident Kennedy-although he is
careful to rely primarily on the
responsible officers involved
when a final decision is to be
taken-seeks independent in
formation from a vast variety
of unofficial sources: News
papers, magazines, books, radio.
television, visitors, friends, pol
iticians, pollsters, the spokes-
men for private organizations
and a sampling Of White House
mail.
But add any or all Of these
to the inevitable and inexora-
BILE tides Of official memoranda.
reports, cables, intelligence
brieflngs, analyses and other
Government documents, and
the occupant of the White
House becomes subject to
drowning in paper. All Presi-
dents, at least in modern times,
have complained about their
reading pile; and few have
been able to cope with it.
Immersion Necessary
There is a temptation. con-
sequently, to cut out all that is
unpleasant-yet rational de-
cisions require an understand
ing Of opposed positions.
There is a temptation to re-
quire more screening Of infor-
nation, with only the most Sa-
lient facts filtering through on
one-page memoranda. But only
if he immerses himself in the
problem will a President know
what questions he must ask if
he is to find the answers he
must give. While he cannot per-
NIT himself to be submerged in
detail, he cannot afford to
know so little as to shut out
perspective and new inspira-
ton.
It is commonly said that our
Presidents need more time set
aside to do nothing but think.
Yet presumably we elect a man
who is thinking all the time.
who is thinking when reading
or listening or conferring.
Our real concern should be
that the President has all the
facts he needs to make certain
he is thinking with profit. The
lonely isolation" of the presi-
dency refers to the solitude Of
his responsibility-not to insu-
lating him from all the pres
sures, paper work and discus
sions which are essential to his
perspective.
Wide Range of Data
To make informed decisions,
the President must be at home
with a staggering range of in
formation - about history,
economics, politics and per-
sonalites in so States and now
in 100 or more countries.
He must know all about the
ratio of cotton acreage to
prices, Of inventory accumula-
tions to employment, Of cor
porate investment to earnings,
Of selected steel prices to the
economy, and Of the biological
effects Of fallout to the effects
Of natural radiation.
He must cope with issues for
Evening star., 1963-05-22

This is the fourth Of eight articles by
M. Sorensen, President kennedy's
top White House ossistont. The
articles ore bOsed on his SperonzO
Lectures at columbio University,
which ore being published os q book
by the Columbia University Press.
Evening star., 1963-01-16
Cracked Whip"

"It was like a cracked whip"
said a flight surgeon. 1T had
a guillotine effect. There was
no time to get out of the way"
The accident occurred dur
ing landing tests as Comdr. H.
S. Matthews, Al, Of nearby Cor
onado, was coming in for a
landing in a Phantom II, ITO
miles west of San Diego.
The cable, which was sup
posed to snag the jet to a stop,
broke.
Comdr. Matthews gunned his
engine, took off and flew to
nearby Miramar Naval Air
Station.
Chief Aviation Boatswain's
Mate Eugene Williams, 81, of
nearby National City. and Air.
man Gordon D. Bucknam. 10, of
Grand Iisland. N. Y, lost both
their legs. Ensign Leroy G.
Hudson, 81, of San Diego, had
his right leg amputated. Others
suffered broken limbs and deep
cuts.
Evening star., 1963-01-16
Cable SNAPS,
Injuries II on
Constellation

SAN DIEGO, Calf, Jan. 16
tAP).-Eleven crewmen of the
carrier Constellation were in
jured in an aircraft landing
accident yesterday. Two of
them lost both legs, another
one leg.
In a little more than two
years, Sc men have been killed
and 20 injured on the 75,00O-
ton warship.
The latest accident occurred
when a steel arrestine cable
snapped and whipped across
the deck like a scythe as a
Jet fighter attempted a land
ing.
Evening star., 1963-01-16
Fourth Accident

The Navy said an arresting
engine sheave failed, causing
the cable to break.
The accident was the fourth
on the Constellation. Fifty men
were killed when the ship
caught fire on December 10,
1860, while under construction
in the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
Two workers fell from a
scaffold on her at the same
yard and were killed in May,
1861.
Four men were killed and
nine injured in an engine room
fire November 8, 1861, when
she was sailing so miles south
east of New York.
Evening star., 1963-01-16
Film and Lecture
On HuWuii Slated

The second of five World
Around Us" lectures at the
University of Virginia's North
ern Virginia Center will feature
a color film on Hawaii and a
lecture by Edward M. Brigham,
director of the Kingsman Mu-
scum in Battle Creek, Mich.
The program will start at 8
pm. on January 30 at Swan
son Junior High School, $500
North Washington boulevard,
Arlington.
Evening star., 1963-01-16
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
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ting up a restless uncomfortable feeling.
Doan's Pills work fast in separate
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soothing effect on bladder irritation. 3. by
mild diuretic action tending 10 increase
output of the Is miles Of kidney tubes
Enjoy a good nights sleep and the
same happy relief millions have for over
so years. For convenience, ask for the
large size. Get Doan's Pills todayi
Evening star., 1963-01-16
rTIIIIIlI7Is

cas- ~" S. NV.
tCpposIie Hsthis
ME. g. 54To
Evening star., 1963-01-16

WASHINGTON. open Mon.
Thurs II am. o pm. daily and
Sat. I'll 8 pm, Wheaton
open daily except Wed. III .
pm shirlington open
Mon Thurs, Fri I'll 9 pm;
Tues. Wed. Sat. 'tll 8.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21
Designers Get Together
To Pool Their 7 o|ents

portant American couture
group.
Particularly noteworthy is
the inclusion Of Norell and
Galanos, conceded to be
Americas Balenciaga and
Givenchy. who have never
before been snagged by a
similar group.
Other members who have
previously fought shy Of or
CARNATIONS are FerdinandO
Sarmi, Arnold Scaasi, Geof-
frey Beene (Teal Traina) i.
Gustave TasseIl and John
Weitz.
Previous groups have in
cluded only New York talent
or only California. Organizer
Eleanor Lambert feels that
American fashion has come
Of age to the point where de-
signers should be grouped
according to talent. not the
place where they happen to
work.
President Sydney Wragge
stated that the Council Of
Fashion Designers Of America
"is planned to elevate the
position of American fash
ion," and the national COM
position of the group puts
it into a favorable position
for doing this.
Although no plans for
member showings have yet
been announced, the pros
pect Of over so top designers
in apparel, footwear. textile.
millinery and accessories dis
playing their talents is ex-
citing. Since membership is
personal, the council can
confine itself to true creators
in their fields, stress fashion
leadership.
The fashion business is
supposed to be full Of tenn
permanent and jealousies. but
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21

plenty Of top designers will
ingly help student talent
which may one day rival
them.
At New York's Parsons
School Of Design, Norman
Norell, Jacques Tiffeau, Dom
aid Brooks, Sarmi, David
Kidd and Pembroke Squires
are among those listed as
faculty critics.
They spend many hours
working with students on
their designs and the tech
meal execution Of them. The
latter is highly important,
since 1t is easier for young
talents to sketch ideas than
1t is to translate them into
actual clothes.
The designers help because
most Of them wish they had
had similar aid in their stu
dent days. They bring the
practical world Of fashion to
the studio life OF the school.
1t is even considered an
honor to be a faculty critic.
The school has a waiting list
of designers, turns down
those 1t considers not suf-
ficiently knowledgeable about
construction.
IA
Twenty-Five years ago, a
Spanish designer named
CristObal Balenciaga opened
a Paris salon. His first col
lections were instant sue
cesses, but in that era Of
couture stars, he had hardly
begun to be known before
the war came.
Afterward, the meteor Of
Christian Dior and the fire
works Of Jacques Faith over
Swallowed everyone else.
Balenciaga, with his steady
progression along his own
fashion path, gathered in the
clients and the fashion pros,
but he remained out Of the
limelight.
Then, by one stroke, he
made himself head Of the
couture. He refused to show
to the press until q month
after the buyer openings. He
gave no interviews, allowed
no pictures Of himself. To-
day, he is undisputed master
of the couture. both by talent
and shrewdness.
Paris today lacks the many
strong talents Of IS years
ago. so q Balenciaga can
seem even greater than he is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21

seventh annual Institute for
Nurses to be sponsored by the
Arlington. Alexandria and
Fairfax County units of the
ACS.
For the first time 1t was
held outside of northern Vir-
ginia, the location this year
being at the National Insti-
tutes Of Health in Bethesda.
Most frequently suggested
topics for future Institutes in
order Of preference we're:
brain and nervous system,
cancer, Hodgkin's Disease,
leukemia and stomach.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21
Nurses PoIIed
In Survey

An evaluation survey taken
among 302 nurses recently
enrolled in institutes con-
Quoted by Northern Virginia
units Of the American Cancer
Society reveals that 81 per
cent felt that the informa-
ton presented would be USE
full In their daily rounds as
nurses and 40 per cent said
that what they'd learned was
new.
Held last month, 1t was the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21

Thornton, arrangements ana
decorations: Mrs. John NJ
Henry, door prizes: Mrs,
George A. Carney, favors:
Mrs. Robert H. Meyer and
Mrs. Edward d. Cohen. pub.
LEFTY; Mrs. Bert T. King,
tickets: Mrs. Robert y. Tay-
lor and Mrs. Jack Kay. hat
rattle; Mrs. George B. Ger
rich. ads and Mrs. Robert =.
Davis and Mrs. Kenneth L.
Rhodes. programs.
All proceeds will be for the
benefit of the Easter Seal
Treatment Center In Rock-
vile. elE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21
Junior Club
Will Present
Annual Show

The Junior Woman's Com
munity Club of Kensington
will hold its annual spring
fashion show, this year titled
Pretty as a Picture" on
March 81.
Co : ordinating chairmen
are Mrs. Karl Collins and
Mrs. Robert M. Mccain. and
the other committee chair
men are Mrs. Glenn z.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21

OF America.
Norman NOrelI, Ben Zuck-
erman, Pauline Trigere, Jean
Louis. James GalanOs and
Donald Brooks are Just a few
Of the star-studded list,
which takes in both coasts
for the first time in an i'm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-21
BY FLORENCE DE SAINTS

Fashion League Writer
Some Of the most impor-
tant designers in American
fashion are among the names
listed as members and direc-
tors Of a new group called the
Council Of Fashion Designers
Evening star., 1963-02-13
Congo Spent $500, 900
In U.S.. to Build 'Imoqe'

Associates, a two-partner New
York firm that registered in
November 9. 1861, as the Congo
governments first agent in the
United States.
The company was to receive
a $3.50 monthly retainer for
handling the 100000 cam
paign, which the firm described
as "a modest program to ac-
quaint the American public
with the aims Of the Congolese
government and generally
coordinate the public relations
Of the Republic Of the Congo"
Second Firm Hired
In turn, ORSA hired Milburn
McCarty Associates, a New
York public relations firm, at
a $4,000 monthly retainer. Be-
tween December, 1861, and
August, 1862. Milburn McCarty
Associates received $108,802. .86
from ORSA.
AS part of its contract, the
firm prepared press releases
that were issued under the
name Of a third Congo agent,
the Congo Information Bureau.
The information bureau, or
ganized January /. 1862, and
listed as registering with the
Justice Department on April
l8, 1862, was instructed by the
Evening star., 1963-02-13

Congo government to spare no
effort to reshape American
opinion as regards our re-
public"
The bureaus director, Maui
rice Kasongo, lived at the Hotel
Belmont Plaza in New York.
ORSA dropped out Of the op-
Grafton last October 80. The
company said it was being dis
solved. and its partners, How
ard Imbrey and Thomas L,
Goodman, both of New York,
were moving to new locations.
The Katanga operation was
spotlighted by Assistant Sec
retary of State Carl T. Rowan
in a speech December 81, 1861.
Mr.. Rowan charged that a
"Katanga lobby" was conduct
ing a "clever big-money cam
paign" and dispensing a string
OF myths" through Michel
Struelens, head of the Katanga
Information Service.
Mr.. Struelens, who has been
an object Of deportation pro-
ceedings by the State Depart
ment, registered September 80,
1860. as a Katanga agent with
a yearly budget Of about
100000.
Katanga's total spending,
covering two years, is listed as
$2l6,589.75, about $4,000 less
than the sum reported by the
Congo in less than one year.
At the State Department, Of
ficials said they were aware of
the rival Congo lobby but found
it less Objectionable because Of
its tone and because it was gen.
orally in agreement with United
States policies.
Evening star., 1963-02-13
BY JOSEPH M. HOCHSTEIN
Contributing Writer


The Congo government paid
more than 100000 to public
relations offices in the United
States last year in a campaign
to "reshare American opinion
as regards our republic"
The spending, Justice Depart
ment files show, was at a rate
double that of the rival "Ka-
tanga lobby" In past statements
State Department spokes-
men have characterized the
500, ,000-a-year Katanga oper-
alton as a clever. big-money
campaign"
The activities of the compet-
ing Congo lobby" were brought
to light after the Senate For
eign Relations Committee con-
cluded an opening round of
hearings into the operations of
registered foreign agents in the
United States.
S219,552 Spent In Year
Justice files show that three
organizations listed as Congo
agents spent a total Of $219,-
$3.50 in the United States last
year.
The pipeline for the funds
was Overseas Regional Surveys
Evening star., 1963-02-13

Davis Of Goddard Space Flight
Center. Greenbelt., Md, will
present an illustrated discussion
on "The Atmosphere and Be-
yond."
The meeting will begin at 9
o'clock in the lecture hall Of
the National Academy Of Sci
ences. 2101 Constitution avenue
NV. The public is invited and
admission is free.