davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-19
New Interceptor Plane
Keyed to Shelter Plan

to do 1t because Of the planes
superior speed and altitude.
The commanders then would
have to decide whether to order
the unidentified plane shot
down blind by missiles and risk
the possibility of its being an
airliner or let 1t 60 and risk
the possibility Of its being q
Soviet "U-2" that has photo
graphed our defenses.
Two Incidents Cited
American interceptors have
been embarrassed twice in pub
lie by such incidents.
Last fall, just before the Gu
ban crisis, American U-2 planes
on highly secret missions were
chased by fighter planes guard
ing the East coast. The fighters
could not catch up, and the pi-
lots started the rumors that
Communist spy planes were fly
ing with impunity over this
country.
Early this year unknown
planes were spotted by radar
flying over the Aleutian islands,
Again interceptors could n OF
catch them, and, presumably,
Red spy planes got away un-
seen.
Now the French and British
governments are joining to build
q commercial airliner that will
cruise ct twice the speed of
sound. There is no interceptor
plane on the drawing boards
which will be able to do that.
Even the projected Tx
fighter will be able to make
only q short dash at that speed.
Even It will not be able to in
spect an off-course airliner un-
less 1t Just happens to be at a
favorable spot along the planes
course.
Ask Fast, New InterceptOr
To patrol the skies and de-
fend against supersonic bomb
ers the Russians may be build
ing. and fast air-borne missiles
they now have. Air Force Off
GERS are asking Mr.. Mcnamara
for permission to build an I'm
proved Manned Interceptor Cor
IMI in Pentagonese).
It would cruise at three and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-19
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
Star Staff Writer


The Air Force proposal for q
hot new interceptor plane will
never get beyond the talking
stage unless the fallout shelter
program is a success, according
to defense officials.
It would be futile for the Air
Force to have the plane If the
public does not have the shell
tiers, the reasoning goes.
This is the second major de-
fenSive weapon proposal to be
made contingent on the sue
cess Of Defense Secretary Nc
Namara's shelter program. The
other is the Nike-X rocket sys-
TEN being developed to inter-
cept enemy intercontinental
missiles.
Mr.. Mcnamara has said flat
ly that he will not order q go
ahead on the Nike-X - even-if
It proves technically feasible -
unless the shelters are built.
He has not yet taken a per-
sonal stand on the new inter-
ceptor. but Defense Department
sources say 1t is clear the same
principle applies,
Must Prove Its Value
Even If the shelters are built,
the interceptor still will have to
prove it is q better life-saver
per dollar invested than other
pending projects.
Here is the problem, In brief:
Officers at the North Amer
lean Air Defense Headquarters
at Colorado Springs say the day
Is coming when we will no
longer have interceptor planes
capable Of catching, inspect
ing and, If necessary. Destroy
ing high. fast intruder aircraft.
In q few years, for instance,
the monitors at the Air Defense
Headquarters could get word
that radar has detected a plane
flying over American Canadian
defenses in the far North at,
say, $4,000 feet and 1900 miles
an hour. 1t might be q spy
plane or q new supersonic air
liner off its course and altitude.
Headquarters would order In
terceptor planes to check 1t out,
but the pilots would be unable
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-19

even If the enemy tries to spare
civilian lives the fallout busted
on unprotected people could well
break the country's back.
It would be futile to spend
several billion dollars to pro-
duce an mi II the civilians
get no protection. The s am e
goes for the billions 1t would
cost for q Nike-X anti-missile
missile.
But If the civilians are pro-
tected from fallout, then, under
most Of the possible kinds Of
thermonuclear wars now fore
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-19

one-half times the speed OF
sound (about 1890 miles an
hour) at 100000 feet. have an
operational radius Of about
1000 miles and carry all the
electronic gadgetry necessary to
make 1t Independent Of any
ground station.
If there is no fallout shelter
program. civilian defense Off
cials say. military defenses on
the American continent will be
pretty much beside the point
Some enemy missiles and planes
will always get through. and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-19

seen. the country could expect
to survive.
If survival is possible. then Il
would be worthwhile to study
the value Of an mi, defense
officials believe.
If the shelters are approved
by Congress. the civilians will
then compare the mi with
other proposals on the basis Of
lives-saved-per-d ollar-spent.
Defense dollars are limited,
so the improvements that prom
Used the most lives saved per
dollar would get first approval
by the civilian bosses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
Plan AGAINST violence

I'VE are not going to have
another Oxford" they tell you
in Tuscaloosa reference to
the riots that brought two
deaths and many injuries at
the University Of Mississippi
last September when James
Meredith was enrolled.
I'VE are not going to permit
another Autherine Lucy case, +"
they say-a reference to the
shattering violence Of 1857
when Miss Malone's predeces-
sor was briefly enrolled.
The atmosphere In Tusca-
loosa today is wholly unprece-
dented In this correspondents
experience Of similar racial
situations.
Community and university
leaders have gone to enormous
lengths, planning and prepar-
ing In every conceivable way. to
prevent violence next Monday
and in the succeeding days.
Law and Order
Let's have law and order
is the theme. endlessly chanted,
Sometimes they add, Even II
we don't like the law"
Resolutions calling for up
holding law and order have
come from numerous organiza-
tons in the city. businessmen
women's clubs and labor
unions.
Not only in Tuscaloosa but
elsewhere In Alabama, news
paper editorials are hammer
ing the same theme.
"All Alabama stands to lose, "
said an editorial In the Bir-
mingham Post Herald. urging
Gov. Wallace TO drop his bat
Ting stance"
The Gadsden Times said
Gov. Wallace is not only In
open defiance Of the Federal
Government, but Is running
headon against the wishes OF
the University of Alabama
Board Of Trustees"
The Birmingham News said:
Though many whites have
been highly critical OF the
United States Attorney Gen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03

direct action groups would push
them aside.
While the meeting conferred
on demonstrations and legal
rights, two delegates expressed
concern for registering voters.
Robert Moses, a leader in
the Student Non-Violent Co
ordinating Committee. who is
working in Mississippi, said he
has been working to get Negro
voters to register for two years.
but have had limited success
just a token registration"
He said he has had limited
success in even getting eligible
voters to apply for registration
because m any have been
threatened with loss Of their
jobs If they try to register.
The Rev. Andrew Young, of
Atlanta, program director OF
the Southern Christian Leader
ship Conference. said a drive
is on now in Birmingham, Ala,
to get Negroes to register to
vote.
He said there are hopes that
5000 to 10000 Negroes will
register before the campaign
is completed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
Greater Fight
On Bias Seen
AsParIey Ends

Civil rights demonstrators,
now that they know some i'm
plications of the Supreme Court
ruling which overturned sew
eral sit-in convictions, prob
ably will intensity their drive
against racial segregation and
discrimination.
This was indicated yesterday
as 80 NAACP lawyers and rep
resentatives of three direct
action groups headed for their
homes in the South after two
days Of closed meetings at
Howard University.
The unprecedented meeting
was called by the NAACP Legal
Defense and Educational Fund
so its lawyers could suggest
legal guides which might gov
ern future demonstrations.
The conference did not and
was not designed to produce
ANY direct-action program. In
the lecture and question-and-
answer sessions, NAACP law
yers were careful not to tell
the demonstrators what to do
or what not to do.
Warn ON Laws
Most of the organizational
representatives indicated that
there might be a greater ten
dency to consider the legal i'm
plications of their demonstra-
tons before they begin direct
action programs.
The representatives of the
Congress of Racial Equality, the
Southern Christian Leadership
Conference, the Student Nom
violent Co-ordinating commit
tee and the NAACP warned
however, that court decisions
won't necessarily Illustrate pick
citing and other mass demon
stration techniques.
They feel strongly that If
they think a law is unjust,
they have an obligation to
break it and suffer the con-
sequences by going to jail. Only
in this way, they argue, can
they focus public attention on
the evils of racial discrimina-
ton and segregation.
Voter Registration
w. Robert Ming, a consulting
attorney to the NAACP Legal
Defense Fund, urged the law
yers get in the front ranks of
the civil rights push, warning
them that If they didn't, the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
Tuscaloosa Set for End
Of Bios at University

eral, when he said the issues
should be fought out in the
courts and not in the streets,
Southerners in great numbers
said, Amen"
Many Factors
In Tuscaloosa, the equation
has many factors.
The Governor is one. Will he
simply make a symbolic effort
to block Miss Malone? Or does
he have further plans?
What effect will his bat
ting stance" have on extrem-
lists of both races?
Student sentiment at the
university seems to be over
whelmingly prepared to "ac-
commodate" to the enrolment
Of Miss Malone, officials said,
However, a few issues Of
Ia segregationist newspaper,
Rebel Underground" appeared
clandestinely on the campus
until authorities tracked down
the source and stopped it.
So community leaders ex-
press confidence that the stu
alton win be kept under control
next Monday.
But if violence does break
out. it will not be for lack OF
planning and effort to head it
off.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03

when they found them in the
car in a lot here. They were
Frank A. Jachelski, 20. of Glen
Burnie, and Norman L. Brad
ley, is, of Greenhaven.
A third escapee, Charles E.
Watson, l6, also Of Glen Burnie,
gave himself up Friday.
The prisoners were housed
in an unlocked bunk room.
Their escape was the fifth this
year from the 62-year-old jail,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
3 Escopees Back
In Arundel Jail

FULLERTON. Md, June 8
(AP). = Two youths who es-
capped from the Anne Arundel
County jail Thursday night
were caught while sleeping in
a parked car.
Baltimore County police said
the two offered no resistance
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03

Spencer M. Smith Of the
Citizens Committee on Natural
Resources viii speak on Poto-
mac River dams at q meeting
Of the Committee OF 100 on
the Federal City at 3 pm.
Thursday In the Union Trust
Building. Fifteenth and H
streets NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
New Use for Cans

NEW YORK. - A can that.
with a detachable handle. is
disable as a saucepan to heat
its contents, and another can
disable as a casserole. have been
developed by a steel company.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
LOST

nlcYCLE. boys 20-ln. red Hercules
chrome trim, vie Avalon rhenler
Reward, OF, 6-S37b.
DOGS, black and white setter, brown
and white pointer, vie, OF Dietrict
Helghts Nd, RE, b-1l2O.
DOG, dachshund, liHht brown, answers
70 "Playboy," vic, NARROW Hats. Call
736-1b3i. Reward.
BRAcELEr-ooLD HEARTS
REWARD
Wo. 6-00l1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
Preparations Made

This has been going on in
Tuscaloosa for many months,
It started with a series of quiet
meetings of community leaders,
The obiectives-to prepare the
city population about $4,000
for migrating the university
and to marshal sentiment for
doing 1t peacefully.
Similar meetings were organ
lied on the campus by student
leaders and university officials,
There will be more before next
Monday.
Leaders of the city's Negro
community were advised Of all
this.
Through its editorial columns.
the Tuscaloosa News played an
effective role in preparing COM
munity opinion.
And II violence breaks out,
there are powerful law en-
forcement details on or near
the scene. including riot-trained
troops Of the 10lst Airborne
Division.
Press arrangements for COW
ering the story are spectacu-
larry complete.
Press Coverage Set
The university engaged as a
consultant Edward Ball, former
Associated Press executive and
now publisher Of the Venice
(FlaO Gondola.
The Tuscaloosa News has set
up q press headquarters in an
aforementioned building about
o mile from the campus. Bat
teries Of telephones, connecting
directly with long distance OPP
orators, and extra long distance
circuits have been installed,
Typewriter tables line the walls.
II necessary. university repre-
sentatives will staff the press
room around the clock.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
BY RELMAN MORN
Associated Press Staff Writer

TUSCALOOSA, Ala, June 8
Foster Auditorium, a shiny
brick building with white
facings on the University of
Alabama campus, is the focal
point today in a critical move
toward peaceful desegregation
in the South.
One week from today, Vivian
Malone, a Negro student, will
be brought to the portals of
the auditorium.
Waiting there to bar her
from entering-so he has vowed
will be Gov. George c. Wal
lace.
But If a secret, carefully de-
tailed plan works with preci-
sion, Miss Malone will pass into
the building and enroll as a
student In the School of Com
merce, the second of her race
to be admitted to the univer-
Sity since it was founded in
1881.
What then?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-03
FOUND

CAT young. male, O. mos, yellow with
vsrS affsetionate. II. 3-605e.
Evening star., 1963-05-27
VunduIs Rob
Church in
Seat Pleasant

Obscene words were scrib-
bled over a picture of Christ
by vandals who broke into the
Seat Pleasant (Md) Methodist
Church, Prince Georges County
police reported today.
This is one incident in q
series of church vandalisms
reported in the county.
The Rev. Charles Mason,
pastor of the Methodist Church,
.6l86 Addison road, said the
picture was scratched and
marred and had to be removed
from the vestibule of the
church.
He said Is windows in the
year-old brick building also
we're smashed with stones and
long poles, and two brass can
die holders and two brass vases
were stolen.
He said the vandalism 0c-
Cured Thursday night.
Last fall, he said, all of the
exterior lights we're smashed
by a group which then held
a beer party on the church
grounds.
The Suitland Christian
Church, 35 Swami road, re-
ported that early this month
vandals shot out windows OF
the church with rifles.
A safe was battered open at
the Maryland Park Christian
Church. 6502 c street, about
a week and a half ago. Moth
ing was taken and there was
no vandalism.
Evening star., 1963-05-27
Police Seek | Suspect
In 3 Virginia HoIdups

Three holdups within "a
hours had police of three
nearby Virginia jurisdictions
convinced today that all were
staged by the same gunman.
The bandit, If 1t was only
one, got almost S276 in mote
holdups in Arlington and Alex
andria and at the National
Airport parking lot.
In the Arlington holdup, al
the Airport Motel, 2620 Jeffer-
son Davis highway, last night
the gunman fled with $136
after leaving his victim hand
cuffed.
The night manager, Frank
B. Sullivan, 73. Of 1929 Vaca-
ton lane, Arlington. told police
he was watching television
when the man entered about
11:47 and asked for a room.
AS Mr.. Sullivan turned to
walk toward the counter, the
man placed a snub-nosed gun
into his back and said, Keep
on walking or I'll blow your
head off,"
He then forced Mr.. Sullivan
to give him the money from
the cash register and directed
him to a rest room where he
handcuffed him to a water
pipe, police said.
Mr.. Sullivan was found q
short time later by the motel's
owner and the handouts were
unlocked by Police Pvt. Rich
ard Spaulding.
Police broadcast a lookout
for a white man in his 20s and
described him as about S feet
g inches tall, weighing $50
pounds and wearing a dark
blue suit, blue work shirt and
sunglasSes, and a chauffeur
type hat.
Alexandria police said a man
Of similar description, but
wearing regular glasses, fled
with about $40 after a holdup
about 4 am. yesterday at the
Evening star., 1963-05-27

Virginia Motel, 700 North
Washington street.
Police said he took the money
after pulling a gun. believed tC
be a .45-caliber automatic, on
George Latsios, the desk clerk
The holdup at National Air
port occurred early today, about
two hours after the Arlington
motel robbery. Airport police
said the bandit got between $50
and 500 after pointing a gun
at a parking lot booth attend
ant, Ben Stevenson.
Evening star., 1963-05-27
G. Group Has
Annual Election

Francis Hank Moody, of
Indian Head, Md, has been
elected president of the Charles
County Young Republican Club
Mr.. Moody is a special deputy
and former deputy sheriff.
Other officers elected at q
recent meeting were Erich
Hintze Of Waldorf, vice presi-
dent; Louise Cooksey of Dents
vile, recording secretary; Nancy
Myers Of Pomfret, correspond
ing secretary, and George Nc
Cloy of White Plains, treasurer
Three members elected to the
board of directors were Sheriff
Francis C. Garner, James l.
Hancock, Of Indian Head, and
Francis Nimmerrichter of Wal
dorf.
Evening star., 1963-05-27

handed down last October, has
cleared up many Of the prob
lens and points to a more un-
derstandable rule on criminal
responsibility.
The Durham Rule holds that
a defendant may be acquitted
by reason of insanity If he suf-
fers from a mental disease OF
defect and If his crime was a
product of that disease or de-
feet. 1t departed radically from
the older rules which were
based on whether the defend
ant knew the difference be-
tween right and wrong.
The rule, which was formu-
lated by Chief Judge David l.
Bazelon of the United States
Court of Appeals in 1854, was
attacked as being an incentive
to crime. 1t was defended as
being a rational psychological
approach to criminal motiva-
ton.
Writing in the current issue
Of the Georgetown Law Jour-
nal, Mr.. Acheson refused to
make any value judgment on
wether the Durham Donald
rule increases or decreases the
crime rate.
However, he did point Out
that in 1858, 0.29 per cent OF
three defendants out of a total
of LOTT were acquitted by rea-
son of insanity; while in 1862
l3 per cent or 81 defendants
out of sic were acquitted or
insanity grounds.
These figures, he said, may
be more owing ito the liberia,
trend in medical analysis, thar
to the legal standards of Dur
ham.
Turning to the Mcdonald de-
cision, he said that the major
point in the case was to give
juries more control over decid-
Evening star., 1963-05-27
Alexandra Boy Hurt
In Fall Down Stuirs

A seven-year-old Alexandra
boy suffered a conclusion wher
he fell down a flight Of stair;
outside his home yesterday
police reported.
The boy, John A. Bulger
struck his head on one of the
concrete steps and was knocked
unconscious, his father, Robert
Bulger, of 3110 Holly street
told police. He was admitted to
Alexandria hospital, where his
condition today was described
as satisfactory.
Evening star., 1963-05-27

ing whether a man is legally
sane or insane; whereas in
the past, directed verdicts in
favor of defendants were likely
to be given by the judge alone
and without the jury's con-
sideration based on the testi-
mony of medical experts.
However, Mr.. Acheson also
noted that the Mcdonald de-
cision, which was decided
unanimously by all nine ap-
pellate judges, laid down some
clear guidelines in the whole
area of criminal responsibility
and evidence.
Under Durham, Mr.. Acheson
said, there was a tendency to
find that the crime was a prod
uct of the mental disease only
on a showing that there was a
mental disease.
Under Mcdonald, he noted
there must be behaviorial con-
sequences connected to the dis
ease and, in addition, the jury
is left with the decision on
whether this behavior backs up
the medical contentious OF
mental disease.
On the other hand, Mr.
Acheson said, once the testi-
mony firmly establishes by be-
havior that the defendant has
a mental disease, there will be
less necessity under Mcdonald
to make the connecting link
between the area of the disease
and the area of the crime.
Mr.. Acheson said that the
Mcdonald changes set up a
standard fair to defense and
| prosecution alike ="
But he lamented, our past
experience in the District of
Columbia under the Durham
Rule has been an unhappy
one"
Evening star., 1963-05-27
Durham Rule Turmoil
Fades, Acheson Writes

David c. Acheson, the United States Attorney for the
District has said that for eight the Durham Rule
bdensome and confusing to lawyers and trial judges because
the United States Court of Appeals has failed clarity
nigcantly its original Ring
mr. Acheson added that the recent Mcdonald decision
Tundra times., 1963-12-02
TUNDRA TIMES
By Howard Rock Times Editor

Although we have instruments of peace, such as the United Ma tions, we are not completely safe from nuclear attack" said Dr. Ar thur BuSWell, Dean, University of Alaska, at the opening of the CIVIL Defense Conference, November 70, at the Student Commons Building on tn campus.
 Although the day of the meeting was declared by President Lyndon B. Johnson as the National Mourn ing Day in memory of the late as- sassinated President John F. Ken nedy, the city of Fairbanks con- sidered the conference as all-im- portant to inform the leading citi- zens of the city about the serious ness of the need for Civil Defense.
 From the beginning, the speakers stressed this throughout the meeting to impress the citizens that there should be better coordinated Civil Defense organization.
 Mayor Darrell Brewington of Fairbanks, praised the efforts of Sergeant Jack Murphy of the police force and Leonard Lobban civil defense coordinator. He said that Civil Defense in Fairbanks has been fluctuating badly due to lack of cooperation from the people. We should work harder toward it's es- tablishment as a working organiza- tion," he said.
 William A. SWick, University Co., ordinator on Civil Defense Educa- ton Program, told the conferees, that Civil Defense is as old as his- tory. He said that meats and draw bridges in ancient times were, in fact, civil defense.
 In pointing out the need for the conference, he said, Holding this meeting this day is more urgent, because it is more important today than last week."
 Swick told the audience that United States alone has 33,000 nu- clear WarheadS in it's possession to- day. He presumed that Russia cer- tainly has a considerable number He said that the biggest warhead in this country is a device capable of digging a hole half mile deep and IA miles in diameter He said that destruction within this area would be complete
Tundra times., 1963-12-02
Letter to Editor

DtdG sOllS.
 Enclosed is money for months subscription to your newspaper. Please start sending it to me as soon as possible.
 I found your Nev. IS edition in a Post Office addressed to someone who I know went outside alomst one year ago. Before this had never heard of your paper
 Being part Indian myself and my wife and children being Alaska Na- tives I am naturally very interested in anything, native. If only more people could know of your efforts, by wider circulation it might help to arouse some action on the behalf of the Alaska Native.
 Sincerely,
 Dick Rice
Tundra times., 1963-12-02
Monday, Dec. 2, l963
ALASKA IS NOT PREPARED TO HELP SELF
 IN AN EMERGENCY IS THEME OF CD MEET

they have not even been able to assemble class.
 ''The Alaska Department of Adult Education will teach if schools can be organized. If an emergency should arise in the near future, Fairbanks would be in a terrible situation" he said.