davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25

of a college degree would
be stigmatized; under others,
the absence of a degree would
violate his virtual social
identity" B.
Stigmas, as Prof. Goffman
Classics them, can be i'm
mediately visible as in the
case Of cripples and Negroes;
persons so stigmatized he
deems "discredited." Or the
stigma can be invisible and
therefore concealed under
many circumstances. Former
mental patients, Jews, and
diabetes bear invisible stig-
mas. ~
AS a matter of fact, nearly
everyone in our society IS
stigmatized in one way or
another, as Prof. Goffman
uses the term. Indeed,
there is only one COM
pletely unblushing male in
America today: a young, mar
ried, white, urban, north
ern, heteroSexual, Protestant
father Of college education,
fully employed, of good
complexion, weight, and
height, and a recent record
in sports"
In addition to the two sorts
of social identity" we are
considered to possess ''per-
Sonal identity" and lego
identity" Prof. Goffman uses
personal identity" in what
he calls the "criminologi-
cal sense" The term lego
identity" is reserved for "the
subjective sense of (one's)
own situation continuity
and character ="
Practical Applications
Prof. Goffman uses this
elaborate but cogent frame
work in order to discuss the
various ways in which the
Stigmatized manipulate and
live with their various
identities, identities he con-
SiderS spoiled"
Though he continually
draws on examples of every
conceivable sort of stigma,
most readers will tend to
apply a good many of Prof.
Goffman's concepts to our
troubled racial situation.
And as a matter of fact, the
analysis offers both whites
and Negroes a fine means to
get a grip on such phenomena
as trace man. and ''Uncle
Tom"
Prof. Goffman writes OBJ
jectively and scientifically.
But only the most unfeeling
reader will fail to perceive the
subjective sensitivity that in
spires the book.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25

the poor and dispossessed,
yes; but also to those Of
more favored status who, too,
sometimes weep silently In
the night from the fears, the
anxieties, the pitiless pres
sures and private despairs
which never wholly exempt
any part Of humankind.
I have known no man of
more true devotion to this
country-all Of it, North and
South. East and West, black
and white and brown and
yellow. And I have known no
public man, anywhere In the
world, with a greater ia
lent-indeed a greater gen.
ius-who has given greater
service. sometimes at high,
cost TO himself, to that old
ideal Of one Nation indivisi-
BILE under God and Of justice
for all so far as justice can
be found in a world none of
us ever made.
But precisely because he is
a political genius, precisely
because he has all his public
life been too busy doing
things-and too proud-to
explain things about himself.
this man has had his tireless
detractors to a degree rarely
seen in American politics. I
have said this is no time for
bitterness; accordingly this IS
no time to go forward with
this theme. 1t is a time, how
ever, a desperately necessary
time. to appeal to them right
here in print to drop the lit
tie animosities of the past.
Devoid Of LittIeness
For I say, Weighing my
words and in full awareness
Of their implications, that I
have never known a truly
first-rate man in either par
ty who, truly knowing Mr..
johnson, has ever hated or
despised or undervalued his
incredible capacities, simple
dislike and simple disagree
ment on principle being set
wholly aside.
He has his faults, but this
can be said Of him: There is
not a anywhere in him an
ounce of littlenesS; he Is
larger than life in every
sense, including his complete
inability to comprehend really
little purposes in others.
I have said that I have
been and have remained his
friend through the greater
part Of the life span Of us
both; but I have also, on
many occasions, been q criti-
cal friend on public issues
and may no doubt be on
many occasions a gain. For
among the largenesses of
Lyndon johnson Is that one
form of criticism and one
alone can move him to swear
like the combat naval officer
he once was-he who can
also weep for others like a
child. This is the criticism Of
malice based on motives that
J are small and ugly.
This Is a great political
figure, q great and natural
leader. But this is also. first
and foremost and always a
man, MAN. ai.a
Q 1858
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25
A BOOK FOR TO-DAY
Discredited and DiscreditobIe
BY DONALD MINTZ

STIGMA, Notes on the Man.
agement of Spoiled Identity
by Erving GOffman.147 Do.
Prentice-Hall, $3.50 hard
bound; as Spectrum paper
back $1.95.
Erving Goffman, whose
Behavior in Public Places
was reviewed here not long
ago, is interested in the shift
ing and permanent groups we
divide ourselves and others
into, and in the manner in
which these group concepts
effect day to day encounters
between individuals.
In Stigma" Prof. Goff-
man, who teaches at the Uni
verSity of California, Berke-
ley, turns his attention to
a particular group: the stig-
lnatized. AS his subtitl e
shows, he is interested in a
special area of the behavior
and psychology Of members
of this group.
Prof. Goffman begins,as he
must, with definitions. $50
ciety established the means of
categorizing persons and the
complement of attributes
felt to be ordinary and nat
ural for members of each of
these categories," he writes.
Social settings establish the
categories of persons likely
to be encountered there. The
routineS of social intercourse
in established settings allow
us to deal with anticipated
others (people) without special
attention or thought. When a
stranger comes into our pres
ence, then, first appearances
are likely to enable us to
anticipate his category and
attributes, his social iden-
tity.' z"
What we anticipate is more
specifically a persons "vir-
tual social identity" But ''the
category and attributes he
could in fact be proved to
possess will be called his &C.
tual social identity"
Stigma" Defined
while the stranger is pres
ent before u.s." he continues,
evidence can arise of his
possessing an attribute that
makes him different from
others in the category of per-
sons available for him to be,
and of a less desirable kind
He is thus reduced in
our minds from a whole and
usual person to a tainted,
discounted one. Such an at
tribute is a stigma ="
But what counts are not so
much attributes as such, but
relationships. Under some
circumstances, the posSeSsor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25
Eiqhty-two to Go

Our country is to be con-
graduated in that Cambodia
has refused further United
States aid. Now, perhaps, If
the other 80 nations of Asia,
Latin America, and Africa
will do the same, we may yet
become a solvent Nation
again. Even better, possibly
they will accept" the aid
from Russia, and we can
watch her being bled white
for a few years.
william r. Moses, MD.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25
Argentine Oil Grab

First Castro, now lila.
When are we going to stop
gazing paSsively on while a
small country walks all over
us? Ar G entin a S seizure of
American oil interests locat-
ed there is clearly an in
fringement on our rights.
Furthermore, she has not
mentioned anything that has
to do with compensation.
1t is time we took action
against this sort of thing. If
a country like Argentina
wants to grab some Ameri-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25
Diplomatic Protest

1 Jake SLrOnB exception 10
two articles in The Star of
November IA and November
II.
I once more emphatically
deny that the Communist
Wet Cong use Cambodia as a
sanctuary. As General Ed
ward Scherrer, Chief of the
United States Military Advi-
sorry Group in Cambodia, has
clearly stated after his per-
sonal on-the-spot investiga-
ton: The charges are abso-
lutely not true. I have been
into those areas and there is
no nobody there but Cam
bodianS."
In this respect, Robert
Trumbull Of the New York
Times also visited Cambodia.
After four days of intensive
search by air and on the
ground he reported that his
search failed to show any
evidence Of Communist guer-
rilla bases"
I further deny that there
is any movement of Commu-
mist guerrillas within Cambo-
dia. We police our frontier
with South Vietnam to the
best Of our ability, and with
the limited troops at our dis
posal. The Cambodian army
numbers a mere $4,000 men
compared with South Wet
Mans 100000.
1t is the unfortunate policy
Of repeating cliches and
falsehoods such as those you
printed which is at the root
Of the tragic misunderstand-
ing between the Cambodian
people and the West.
We beg a correspondent
from your esteemed paper to
60 to C a m b o dia, to travel
around the country, and to
see for himself the true facts
of the situation before
printing such accusations.
In an editorial November
IA, your paper refers to the
Cambodian Chief Of State as
eccentric" We take strong
issue with that word. The
Cambodian people look upon
Prince Sihanouk as a much
loved leader who won indie
pendence for his country and
his people, and who has
maintained that independ-
ence for over 10 years, and
in the face Of heavy odds 1t
has been said, by high Amer
lean officials, that Asia
could use more Sihanouks.
1t is thanks to the leader
ship of Prince Sihanouk that,
of all the three former states
of French Indo- China, Cam
bodia is the most stable, and
the only one to enjoy undi-
vided peace and prosperity.
We are grateful to America
for her aid, which we sin
cerely believe we have used
for the good Of our country
and its people. We do not
feel 1t necessary that you
should "commiserate" with
the Cambodian people upon
our remuneration Of this aid.
Under the lea dership Of
Prince Norodom Sihanouk we
have successfully defended
our independence and terri
torial integrity and, with or
without foreign aid, with or
without your understanding,
we will continue in our ma
tional task and remain free,
independent and n on
aligned.
NOng Kimny,
Ambassador Of Cambodia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25
Testomdnid1

Your editorial "Testoma-
mia" is grossly in error. Your
writer showed complete igno-
rance about the facts relat-
ing to the issues surrounding
the extension of the National
Defense Education Act.
BY implication, your edito-
rial gave the impression that
personality tests have been
paid for by Federal money
authorized by the National
Defense Education Act Of
1858. This is not true. The
wording Of Section sos Of the
legislation land the admin
istration Of this section by
the United States Office of
Education) are very explicit
on this point. The authorized
tests are limited to those de-
termining student aptitude
and ability. Why. then, do
you advocate prohibition of a
practice that in fact cannot
exist? You further imply
that the House has omitted
this prohibition but the fact
Is the House does not have a
bill extending NDEA for con-
sideration by the House-Sen-
ate Conferees.
There are four specific
reasons why this amendment
to the Senate version of the
extension Of NDEA (Section
503) should not be adopted
in the Conference Report.
l. There have been no sub
stantiated challenges to the
present Office Of Education
administrative regulations
that implement this section.
2. To our knowledge, no
testimony in public hearings
has produced a need for this
provision.
8. The language Of the ex-
listing legislation and admin
istrative regulations is clear
and concise.
4. Finally, this kind Of pro-
vision has implications far
beyond this section Of the
bill. It departs completely
from the broad policy set
down by the bill that encour-
ages augmentation of Fed
eral assistance without Fed
eral control at the State and
local level.
The last point is at the
heart Of our major objection
to this amendment and your
editorial. Section 102 of the
bill clearly prohibits any
Federal control Of education.
Your stamp Of approval has
been placed on a provision
that provides for Federal con-
troll Of education in its most
restrictive form. This kind Of
wording would set a precedent
for placing education tightly
under the Federal thumb.
Your editorial has omitted
certain background specifics
that have direct bearing on
this legislation and that con-
tradict your current concern.
Your readers, and certainly
the young people Of America,
deserve a better fate.
Arthur A. Hitchcock, Exec
utive Director, American Per-
sonnet and Guidance Assoc.
Editors Note: The primary
intent of the editorial tDdS to
call attention to the tDide-
spread use of So-calIed "per-
SondIity' and character"
tests in the schools, and sec
ondly, to support legislation
torbidding use of Federal
funds for this Objectionable
and tGSteleSS infringement of
private rights. We stand By
that position on reliable in
formation that Federal funds
are being used for these i'll
advised "teStS" under the
present language of the
NDEA.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25

can-o wned properties and
offer no just compensation,
they won't be in need Of any
economic aid. In other words,
we should take the sum Of
the value Of the seized proper
ty out Of the amount Of aid
the country happens to re-
ceive. This will make it clear
to countries with the same
ideas as Argentina that they
aren't getting something for
nothing. Thomas EIIer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25

grief-stricken throngs reported they
couldn't care less.
And, in the emotion of this day
OF mourning, we couldn't agree more
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-25
Somebody Will Finish the Job
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry writers correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSa-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21
Two Seek Walters Seat
In Door-to-Door Drive

the machine that nearly always
provided Mr.. Walter with big
majorities.
Both candidates are residents
Of the industrial city Of Beth
lehem, home Of the giant Beth
lehem Steel Corp. Mr.. Rooney
is in real estate, while Mr.. Bart
lett is q personnel executive for
the steel mill.
MIR. Bartlett entered the po-
litical arena. two years ago as
director Of q Republican mayor
atty campaign. He is credited
with master-minding the STRAIT
egg that ousted Democrats
from Bethlehem's city hall for
the first time in 20 years.
Mr.. Rooney favors Federal
aid to education, more aid to
economically depressed commu-
mites and sitter restrictions on
imports Of foreign goods.
Mr.. Bartlett urges reform Of
Federal tax policies, reduction
of foreign aid, elimination Of
waste in the defense program
and attacks what he terms
"the ever-increasing climb in
the cost Of living and deficit
spending by the Federal Gov
eminent"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21
WesferIler Sef
For FPCPost

HYANNIS PORT. Mass, July
20 (AP)-President Kennedy
announced today his intention
to appoint David Statler Black
Of Washington State as q
member Of the Federal Power
Commission.
Mr.. Black. Q native Of
Everett, Wash, will succeed
Howard Morgan for q term
ending June %, 1868. The
position pays $4,000 a year.
Mr.. Black was graduated
from Stanford University in
1850 and holds q law degree
from the University Of Wash
ington. He served in the Army
from 1850 to 1852, practiced
law in Seattle, Wash, and was
an assistant attorney general
and counsel to the Washington
Public Service Commission from
1857 to 1861.
He has been general counsel
to the Bureau of Public Roads
since April 6, 1861.
He IL married to the former
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21

BETHLEHEM, Pa, July 20
(AP).-Two handsome six
footers, In their sos, are wag-
ing o vigorous person-to-
person, house-by- house cam
paign for the congressional
seat Of the late United States
Representative Francis e.
Walter, powerful Democrat, who
headed the House Committee
on Un-American Activities.
The influence of Mr.. Walter
-The died in May Of leukemia--
still is strong on the voters Of
the 18th District, who elected
him Is times. The opposing
candidates mention his name
again and again.
On July 80, some 100, 900
registered voters, including 3d.
565 Democrats and $4,000
Republicans, choose between
Robert q. Bartlett, o 31-year-
old q. o. p. political novice
and former West Pointer, and
Fred B. Rooney, q S7-year-old
two-term Democratic State
senator.
The election iS for the
remaining year-and-a-half Of
Mr.. Walters term. Republicans
are making q big effort, finan-
cially and otherwise, to smash
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21
Vocation Activities Vary
For High Court Justices

tending q variety Of legal meet
ings. Both will be at the ABA
meeting, where Justice Clark is
scheduled to deliver two
speeches.
Justice White also plans q
visit to Colorado, his home
State.
Stewart to See Bermuda
Justice Stewart is spending
part Of July at o resort In Cali
fornia. He plans . Bermuda
trip in August. Justice Harlan
will speak ct the August ABA
meeting.
Justice Goldberg, who has
returned from q trip to the Vir-
gin Islands, also viii speak OF
the ABA gathering.
For o while It appeared the
former Labor Secretary might
spend his vacation trying to
settle the railroad featherbed-
ding controversy. President
Kennedy suggested this, but the
unions rejected the idea.
Justice Black, who has q
beautiful home In Alexandria
and likes to play tennis on his
own courts, II spending his
summer there.
While 1t doesn't show on their
announced schedules. the Jus
tees also are sure to be spend
ing considerable time on law
work in preparation for the
courts next term.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21
Therupy Buckfired

VANCOUVER, B. c., July 20
(AP).-As therapy for q broken
right leg, Peter Jantzen ped
aled the equivalent Of five miles
Q day on q. stationary bicycle.
This week he got back on the
real thing, collided with an
other bike ridden by q nephew
and broke his leg again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21

regulated private utilities with
enough vigor or adequate regard
for the public interest.
After Mr.. Morgan made the
letter public on his own, he
repeatedly was reprimanded by
one Of the Presidents top aides.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21
BY DANA BULLEN
star Staff Writer

The nine Justices Of the
Supreme Court. after one Of
the busiest terms on record.
have famed out over three
continents for q wide spectrum
Of summer activities.
A number have undertaken
extra-curricular legal assign
ments during the recess
months. Relaxation Is the key
note for others. The tribunal
win reconvene In October.
Chief Justice Warren headed
the United States delegation to
Pope Paul's coronation, then
spoke at an international law
meeting in Athens on q swing
through nearby countries.
The Chief Justice win spend
part Of the summer In Cali
fornia, Of which he Is q former
Governor.
Justice Douglas. . world
traveller Of long standing, has
returned from q trip to Africa
where he studied educational
and legal problems in seven
nations.
The Justice, an avid hiker,
fisherman and general out
doorsman. plans to spend some
time now In the Western part
Of the United States.
Brennan to London
Justice Brennan Is heading
o group Of judges, law enforce
ment officials and lawyers In
London for q study Of British
criminal trial procedures. He
sailed over on the United
States.
He plans to attend the Amer
lean Bar Association conven-
ton in Chicago In August and
to visit later in Aspen, Colo.
In the United States, Justices
White and Clark have been at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-21
Nancy Haskell Of Seattle, and
they have three children.

Mr.. Morgan wrote Mr.. Ken
nedy last January that he did
not want to be reappointed to
the FPC because he felt the
commission majority had not
Evening star., 1963-01-07
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Top news stories of 1962-No. l: The bedtime prayer
of the little girl in Pittsburgh: Dear Lord I'll need Your
best support to slip this past the Supreme Court"
No. Q: The anonymous guest who fell into Bob Ken
nedys swimming pool in swimming suit
No 8: Harold Stassens heart-warming decision not to
rim for any public office during the calendar year.
No A. The Harvard sophomore who had to transfer to
Ohio State because he flunked picketing.
No s: The outraged homeowner who called the zonng
board and demanded the eeway be taken out OF
neiqhbors front yard and put through his.
No 6: The steelmaker VINO drew White House rebuke
for trying to reduce prices without Government permit
Evening star., 1963-01-07
DAVID LAWRENCE

Tinkering with the tax
laws in 1863 may throw a
monkey wrench into the
operations Of the national
economy. Taking away de-
ductions and exemptions for
various items hitherto
granted can affect many a
business.
On the surface it has been
made to appear that on
individual incomes the cit
liens are going to get a
reduction in taxes and that
they'll have more money to
spend. But it could turn out
that many individuals will
have less income after taxes.
1t all depends, not on what
tax rates will be changed,
but on whether historic prin-
ciples imbedded in the tax
structure for 40 years are to
be uprooted in new legisla-
ton.
Thus, people Of higher in
comes are being entranced
at present by the idea that
the maximum tax rate will
come down from 81 to 65 per
cent. This will cost the Gov
ernment only $250,000,000 in
revenue, but the Treasury
experts have already begun
to figure out ways that they
can collect an extra billion
by new provisions in the law
called tax reform" This
would be felt also by persons
in the middle brackets, who
may find certain deductions
repealed or reduced.
All sorts of ideas for "re-
form" have been advanced.
Some will never be enacted,
but it will be months before
the persons affected will
really know whether they are
going to be penalized or lei
alone.
Take, for instance. what IL
known as capital gains
taxes. This is different from
Evening star., 1963-01-07

10 of the county's IA high
schools.
Mrs. Virginia Hall. faculty
member at Walter Johnson
High School and secretary of
the Forensic League, said the
tournaments will be held under
debating rules Of the National
High School Forensic League.
Students will debate the ma
tional groups topic for this
school year. Resolved: The
United States should adopt a
policy of reciprocal free trade
with non-CommuniSt nations" "
The tournaments will be
held January 19 at Walter
Evening star., 1963-01-07
Forensic League
In Montgomery
Plans Contests

A newly formed Montgomery
County Forensic League will
hold three public speaking
tournaments for high school
students between now and
April.
To be operated like the high
school athletic leagues, the
Forensic League will consist of
varsity and junior teams from