St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
AfTicdn Summit To
Bring 81 Foreign
Ministers To Efhiopio
CONTINUED from Page ~

tinent is not too far away in
terms Of years. However, for those
African people under the heel Of
oppressive white rule, one day may
seem endless.
Leaders of the 80 independent,
African-governed states, represent
ing more than 100000, 900 persons,
have made it quite clear that as
long as other African territories
remain dependent, their own free
dom is in danger. Moreover, Pan
African thought holds that until
continent-wide freedom is attained,
none of the African states -
though Independent - can relax.
South Africa, existing under
the misnOmer Of an independent
African state, has long made 1t
known around the world that
she has no intention of yielding
to the winds of change on the
continent, not even to the ex-
tent Of giving the estimated 10
million blacks some sembIance
of equality.
OF special interest to African
heads Of government assembling
in Adds Ababa are the reports
that South Africa is continuing to
build a military arsenal, is this
year spending $500 million for
defense and internal security, and
is spending several hundred thou
sand dollars in a publicity cam
paign to win friends abroad, par
ticularly in the United States and
Britain and to paint a rosy picture
Of their solutions" to racial ten
sions.
AS far as Portugal Is concerned,
Angola and Mozambique, its prin-
cipal African holdings, the situa-
ton remains grave. In addition to
the atrocities which have resulted
in death for an estimated $4,000
Africans in Angola since the
March, 1861, rebellion, expressions
against blacks in Mozambique the
April 8, aerial bombing attack by
Portugal on the Senegalese vii
.lage Of Bouniak has come under
the close attention Of the independ-
ent African states.
Angola, with its 4 million blacks
and 100000 whites, Is IA times
larger than Portugal herself. Port
uguese presence there has always
been characterized by extremely
harsh practices, a lack Of econ
onic advancement, few education
al privileges, a careless exploita-
ton Of the African people, and a
complete lack Of political partic-
ipation by the people - both Afri-
cans and whites.
Tho condition Of existence Of
the average African under Port
uguese rule has not changed sub
Stantially In 100 years. BY June,
1851, some $50, 1000 Africans had
fled Angola to the neighboring
Congo (LeopOIdviIle) for safety.
Another trouble spot, Southern
Rhodesia, remains as a vital con-
Germ in the total freedom fight.
While Nyasaland and Northern
Rhodesia have been successful In
seeding from the white-ruled
Central African Federation, their
sister territory's hopes for attain
ing sef-government and eventual
independence remain in doubt
However, the Federation is dead,
and white supremacy in Southern
Rhodesia will, II African national
lists have their way, die with 1t.
Other areas stin under colonial
rule include:
Basutoland, Bechuanaland, Maui
ritius (Island and Dependencies),
Seychelles Island and 81 Depend
encies, Socotra Island, Swaziland
all under Britain: Comoro Islands.
French Somaliland, Reunion Is
lands, under France; Cape Verde
Islands (16), Madeira Islands,
Portuguese Guinea, San Tome and
Principe Islands, under Portugal,
and the Spanish Possessions Of
North Africa, Spanish West Africa
and Spanish holdings In Equator