davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
The Core of Chinese Communism
BY RALPH McGHL

In both China and Russia
those who staff the Commu-
mist parties are relatively
old men. The Soviets have
brought In new blood. It is
beginning to be felt in the
party decisions.
But in China?
Edgar Snow, who is close
ly acquainted with the Pc
king hierarchy. wrote in his
recent valuable book, "The
Other Side OF The River:
"A man very high in the
party (probably Chou En-
lab remarked to me In a
moment Of Renaissance !:
There were $4,000 of us at
the start Of Chang Kali
shek's counterrevolution in
1927. After the killings there
were only 10000 left. Today
there are about 800 Of us
survivors Of all the years
between. By and large the
country is being run and for
some years will be run by
those 800.'"
Firmly in Control
These 800 are running a
country that, for all its adj
mitted progress and the GER
tainty 1t will make more, is
stu comparatively in the
have-not category. The re-
gime is firmly In control.
But. 1t has not yet made Of
China an industrial power.
1t Is not within q decade or
more Of a space success to
match that Of the Soviets.
1t lacks highways and trans
port. It Is expected soon to
explode an atomic device.
But. China is some years
away from being a nuclear
power. 1t is q hungry coun-
try-in the sense OF having
many unmet detectives Of
food, consumer and durable
goods, and all that goes with
a viable economy. This causes
its leadership to hold fast
to Marx.
Teng Hsiao-ping, Chinese
party secretary. was the
speaker at the Communist
Congress at Moscow In Nov
vember Of 1860. He made
news defiantly proclaiming
China's right" and deter
mination TO declare her own
beliefs. to create her own
movement and seek to con-
vert others to 1t. tTeng is
old and badly crippled0
Now we see this defiance
has grown stronger, the
determination the more sus-
tained and the efforts at
conversion well under way.
There are. indeed, q few con-
vertS already made. The ex-
perts In Asia are saying
there have. in fact. been two
Communist "Romes" since
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30
Evils of Pesticides

I read that six outside"
experts will review Agricul-
ture rules for marketing Of
peSticides to determine
whether they need tighten
ing.
To those of us who deal
directly with the care Of
wildlife in the area, the
poisoning of our birds and
animals is very depressing.
1t is heartbreaking to have
brought to us a lovely song
bird that is dying of poison
and to realize that probably
nothing can be done to save
it. I have had at least rs
Of these poison cases
brought to me this summer;
I was only able to save two.
Twenty-Five do not seem
like many until you realize
that many hundreds died
unnoticed.
Lazy, gullible Americans
will buy anything that
sounds like a bargain or
tends to make their work
easier. Crabgrass killers,
weed killers and shrub and
household sprays can be
bought by a child. Advertis-
ing on TV tends to be cute
by using animated cartoon
figures to portray the des-
truction Of insects. Nothing
Is said about the harmless
and beneficial insects that
are also killed. Nothing is
said about injury to humans
breathing these fumes. Many
garden clubs encourage their
members to use sprays, weed
killers, etc. Those that do
not are the thinking ones
that have come to realize
that a garden full of flowers
is incomplete without the
lovely birds that add color
and song. States and coun-
ties use trucks to spray and
kill weeds beside the high
ways, killing the wildlife and
creating dead unsightly
strips beside the road.
What has happened to the
Skull and crossbones"2 This
was a symbol that the sub
stance within the container
bearing this label was
poison. 1t was readily under
stood by all. A lot Of techni-
cal fine print warning Of
danger goes unheeded by
most people who do not take
the time to read and under
stand the warning.
I hope the dollar sign will
be ignored by those making
this review and that some
thing really helpful will
come of it.
Mrs. william Hickman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30

We are pleased to note that Wash
ington University of st. Louis has started
project to translate important research
findings into comprehensive English
For several years The Star has taken
pleasure in assisting scholars with re-
search grants made through local col
leges and universities. Just the other
day one of them wrote to thank us for
the support which enabled him to COM
plete a project titled Decay Energy of
Tblei."
Part Of the procedure for his re-
markable study he described in this
manner: 1.-THE terbium was separated
by an ion-exchange process using Dowex
50WX-12 cation exchange resin, with
a-hydroxy- isobutyric acid as the eluant."
And the results: 1.-THE ground state beta
group is classified as allowed hindered,
3/2/3/2 (411) to SO (642). The log 1T is
7.8. The beta groups to the 3/2-(521)
state and its rotational member So
are first-forbidden with log/tt of go
and IA, respectively. The unobserved
group from the 3/2 (411) state to the
5/2-(523) state is first-forbidden hin
dered"
It seems to us this would be fine
place for Washington University to test
its translating skills. We have every
confidence our protege is going great
guns. But 1t would be nice to know
what he is trying to get across to us.
Especially about that II.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30

students, but to find dropouts who might
with word Of encouragement return
to school and one day contribute some
thing worthwhile to society. Every adult
who knows such youth should see
that he attends the Commerce series.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30
The Same

Andrei Gromyko will sign
the nuclear test ban treaty.
Is this the same Andrei
Gromyko who not too long
ago lied to the President Of
the United States when he
gave his assurance that Rus
sia had no missiles in Cubap
Herman M. Young
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30

Pen names may be used "
letters carry iDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSG-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30
Question

Uncle Sam has over $4,000
uniformed troops In South
Wet Nam-being wounded,
made sick or killed q few at
q time. Russia has about the
same number in Cuba, and
both sets Of troops" are
called Instructors"
The only basic difference
is that we are losing both
wars-in Southeast Asia and
the Caribbean. Why2
Walter w. Hubbard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30


rights statutes, In order to
support their position, are
pursuing the matter under
both the Fourteenth Amend
ment and the Commerce
Clause Of the Constitution. It
is my opinion that under
both theories they, Constitu-
tion-wiSe, must fail. The
Fourteenth Amendment is a
prohibition against the State,
not private parties. A State
cannot require segregation by
statute nor can segregation
be official policy of a State
or city government supported
by statutes enacted by the
State. In other words, neither
a State, by legislative enact
ment, nor q Governor, or
Mayor, by executive decree
can require segregation. This
clearly would be denial of the
equal protection clause Of the
Fourteenth Amendment. The
Supreme Court has given as
much substance to q city
governments official policy as
1t has to a statute enacted by
the legislature of the State.
The Commerce Clause was
enacted with the clear intent
Of promoting harmony among
the States and their dealings
in interstate commerce. There
is no constitutional basis to
support the public accommo-
dations provisions of the bill
by this clause. To say that
the management Of a motel,
restaurant, ETC., has a sub
stantial bearing on interstate
commerce is begging the
point. Since a State requires
a license in order to manage
the property, and the Su-
preme Court has ruled that a
State cannot tax interstate
commerce at all FREEMAN VS..
HEWITT this could lead the
Court to hold that the State
could not impose an ad
valorem tax or a licensing
fee, thus depriving the States
Of much needed revenue.
The legislation is a product
Of emotional and political
immaturity. It would take a
virtual police state to enforce
1t.
Ted S. Douglas.
Roy wilkins Of the NAACP
has testified that Negroes
need a public accommoda-
lions law in order to travel
in safety and comfort in
these United States. by high
way, that is. They already
have been assured Of COM
fort when travelling by train
or airplane by rulings Of the
Interstate Commerce Com
mission and the Supreme
Court.
Since this part Of the pro-
posed civil rights legislation
seems to be more important
to the NAACP than finding
jobs for and combating de-
linquency and crime amongst
Negroes, they should be will
ing to settle for half a loaf
and let the white people have
the other half peacefully.
What I mean Is that the
proposed public accommoda-
tons law should be applicable
only to those motels. hotels,
restaurants, barber shops,
beauty parlors, swimming
pools, bathing beaches, ETC.,
which front on or about
highways that have been H.
nanced by the Federal Gov
eminent to the extent Of
SO per cent or more Of the
cost Of same.
Public accommodations
owned by private citizens on
streets, highways or land
where the Federal Govern
ment has less than sou Of
an investment or no invest
ment at all. should be spe-
officially exempt from any
Federal legislation; the
owner or the local or State
government should have the
say as to whether or not the
premises are to be integrated
or segregated.
r. A. Mullen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-30

President x e n ne y Is
handing the Senate another
problem Of large proportions
the newly negotiated nu-
clear test-ban tire atty. For
the Senate under the Con-
stitution has the final say
on ratification, which can
only be accomplished by a
two-thirds vote. The Presi-
dent has told the Nation that
this treaty Is IAN important
first step - a step toward
peace, a step toward reason,
a step away from war" And
he has urged the people as a
whole to make known to the
Senate their desire that the
treaty be ratified. He has re-
quested quick action.
It's no secret that the
American people want peace.
The Presidents plea, there
fore, may be expected to have
huge impact. But the Ameri-
can people want, also, secu-
rity. They want assurance
they are not to fall into a
Communist trap. So they will
look to the Senate to ex-
anime this treaty. its impli-
cations and its loopholes,
with extreme care. The coun-
try and the Senate have had
earlier experiences with trea-
ties which seemed to promise
peace. When Woodrow Will
son, at the close of World
War I, submitted the League
Of Nations Covenant and the
Versailles Treaty, with a
promise Of world peace, the
chances Of ratification by the
Senate seemed very great.
But, as the Senate debate
proceeded, resistance grew.
The covenant was not rati-
fled in the end. No one will
ever be able to say positively
that had the United States
Joined the League, World
War II would have been
avoided. But that might have
been q result.
Uneasy Peace
Then came the United Ma
tions Charter, submitted to
the Senate by President
Truman when World War II
ended. And the Senate did
accept that document for
world peace. For 10 years
there has been no devastat-
ing Third World War-only
a cold war, an uneasy peace,
marred here and there
throughout the world by
localized fighting and, in
many cases, by fighting in
cited by the Communists of
Russia. In those years, Rus
STA, with whom we are now
about to sign this treaty
banning in part nuclear test
ing, has developed great nu-
clear power, and on occasion
Premier Khrushchev Ia 8
threatened to blow us off the
face OF the map. For several
years we had a test-ban
agreement not a treaty
with Russia, only to have that
agreement kicked overheard
when the Russians had made
all preparations for a series
OF tests Of huge nuclear
bombs.
This in brief, has been the
history Of our search for
peace in the last As years.
And now we. and the Sem
ate, are asked to try a new
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-06

C'Fair Field" in Italian). Another branch
settled in France and became Beauchamps
C'Fair Field in French). Then branches of
those families finally returned to England
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-06

HERE's the announcement you've
been waiting for = if you are one
of the half million Americans who
have read Wilferd A. Peterson's
original Art of Living (rS6I).
Thousands have asked When will
new series be published in book
forme" Here it is! One of the vol
ume's essays appears on Page of
this issue. There are ~ essays in all!
The new book comes in two edi-
tons - Special PetT6eek at ST.. 90;
DsI&xs Hard Cover in special slip
case - for s. 90. Psrtsct for gitts'
Order today Fill aSt cssteH at left.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-06

nedly UNSOTL in the shower and UNBEARD
yourself. Next you UNSTARvE and then
hurry to UNMIss your bus, because if you
arrive at the Office UNFAIRLY, the boss may
tell you to UNCONTINUE your UNDEPEND-
ABILITY or he will UNEAaPLOY you.
Bravo, Mrs. Smart, you've inspired the
Office force to write ''UN-POEMs." It's lot
of fun, and think the best we've produced
so far is:
Jack and Jill UNDEsCENDED hill
To UNEARTH pail Of UNARIDTTY,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-05

Store Hours; Mondays, Thursdays and
Fridays, $50 am. TO 9 pm. darlington
Only Ill $500; Tuesdays, Wednesdays
and Saturdays, 9:3O am. TO 8 pm. Free
Parkinsl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-05

EXPERT SERVICE IL
as near as your phone
anywhere in the U.S.A.
Replacement parts read.
lily available for reason
able life expectancy Of
appliance. Ask about ex.
tended service protection
for just pennies a day.
FREE DELIVERY to
over 600 cities and towns
in the area.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-05
No Trade-Tn Required

No Trade-In Required
NO MONEY DOWN
on Sears Easy Payment Plan
This upright COldspOt lets
you enjoyyour favorite foods
all year round and COM
pare Sears low, low sale
price! Has juice can rack
in the easy-open and close
door! Adjustable cold con-
troll permits fast-freezing peak
loads! Roomy trivet at bottom
allows free circulation of
cold air!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-05

UP TO IS MONTHS TO
PAY Ask Searssalesman
how you may have up to
3 full years to pay for
Sears Home Appliances:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-05

Amazing value in cool comfort COdspot quckmoun air
conditioner has lHP, $500 BTU cooling capacity Atrac-
tive aluminium frame Quick Mount kit included! ThermOstat
controlled operation! 2speed cooling!
SGus Stores
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-05

Shop Tomorrow and Friday
$50 am. TOO Pm, Saturday
$50 am. to 6 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-05

SsGneStOres
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12

The Presidents American
University speech, in which he
called for "a new approach" to
the Soyiets received extraordin-
arily favorable mail.
There is a peace vote, you
know" said a State Department
man. 1T never got much at
tention. but it's there"
And everybody agrees that, If
the late Pope John had not in
his encyclical "Pacem in Terris"
broken the ground, no Ameri-
can President could have
spoken out so boldly.
That was an umbrella under
which many can gather" said
an administration official.
1t has been a very cool sum-
mer for the State Department,
and the hope is cautiously
voiced that maybe for a while
longer 1t will not be blamed for
everything that goes awry in
the world.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
AII-Night Search Fails
To Find Boys in Mine

ering an estimated 1.200-square
foot area.
One section of the mine is
filled with water, but Mr.. Nc
Donald said a heavy scum on
the surface had not been dis
turbed.
A boy reported he saw the
youths enter the old mine in
suburban Castle Shannon.
Bicycles of the boys, identi-
fled as Billy Berk, IS; Danny
OKain, 10, and Robert Abbott,
IA, were found about 20 feet
from the mine mouth. The en-
trance, previously sealed with
brick and wire mesh, had been
torn open.
Fire Chief Alex Brown Of
Castle Shannon theorized the
youths, in a spirit Of adven-
ture, went into the mine to ex-
plore and became lost In its
dark, twisting corridors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
Asset Sale Cited
As Deficit
BY the Associated Press

Senator Proxmire. Democrat,
OF Wisconsin, has told the
Senate that a smaller-than-
expected deficit at the end Of
the Government fiscal year
last June 30 resulted more from
the sale of assets than from
any big increase in revenues
or cuts in spending.
Senator Proxmire said yes
terday the estimates now are
that the deficit, originally ex-
pected to total around SO bill
lion, may be between 81 billion
and $4.5 billion,
Mostly, he said, this is the
result OF the sale Of such assets
as Federal housing and Vet
Grams Administration mort
cages and the sale OF stored
agricultural commodities.
Senator Williams. Repub-
lican, Of Delaware, said jug
Cling" Of the Governments
books and delayed payment OF
bills also were factors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
U Thunt Honors
Italian Airmen

PISA, Italy, July IL (AP).-
United Nations Secretary Gen.
eral u Thant flew today to
the Italian Air Force base out
side Pisa and paid homage to
Is Italian airmen killed in
the Congo.
The Italians were massacred
in November, 1861, in Kindu
in the Southeast Congo. Mem
bers of the Katanga armed
forces were blamed for the
killing. The Italian airmen,
based at Pisa, were ferrying
supplies for U. N. forces.
Mr.. Thant left a wreath at
the airbaSe chapel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
PITTSBURGH, July u (APl

PITTSBURGH. July IL (AP)
Weary rescue workers
emerged from an abandoned
coal mine today after an all
night search and said they
found no trace Of three missing
teen-aged boys believed lost in
side.
T. j. Mcdonald, assistant
district supervisor for the Fed
eral Bureau of Mines, ordered
the hunt suspended temporar-
lily. He said:
eff the boys do not show by
this afternoon, we are going to
press our search even further"
However, he added: IF they
were there, we would have
found them by now"
Mr.. Mcdonald said rescuers
had searched every part Of the
mine that was accessible, COW
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
CRIME

Continued From Page Al
cases (10%).
Rohbery-2.462, an increase
Of AIS (20.9%). ~.
Aggravated Assault-3,025, an
increase Of 81 (l.9%).
Observation-Disclosures an in.
crease Of 1920 (23.7%).
Grand Larcency-1,l76, an
increase Of Ill Q0.4%D.
Petty Larceny-7,885, a de-
crease Of 1853 (3.2%).
Auto Theft-2,98l, an increase
Of 379 Q4.7%).
18th Increase
The report showed that last
months increase was the 18th
consecutive month in which
the Districts monthly crime
totals rose in relation to the
same month Of the preceding
year.
The report for June, 1868,
listed increases in robbery
HOUSEKEEPING, grand larceny
and auto theft. Decreases were
listed in criminal homicide, ag-
gravated assault and petty
larceny. Rape totals remained
the same-nine cases.
The June report reflected
marked increases in three Of
tense groups, robberies, house.
breakings and grand larcenies
The totals we're: Robbery, 1850
an increase of II (ll9 per
cent?: housebreakings, sos, an
increase of $50 (42.3 per cent?
and grand larceny, 1874, an in
crease Of 35 1893 per cent?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
U, N. Expulsion
Of South Africu,
Portugal Opposed
BY the Associated Press

Assistant Secretary Of State
q. Mennen Williams says he
opposes expulsion of South
Africa and Portugal from the
United Nations. But he de-
clined to, predict what stand
the United States might take
on proposals for lesser actions
against the two countries.
Mr.. williams also told a news
conference yesterday that U. N.
forces should stay in the Con-
go beyond the end of this year.
He said Secretary General U
Thant has only made a "ten-
tative decision" to withdraw
them, and will make another
review Of the situation.
Mr.. Williams, who handles
African affairs for the State
Department, has just returned
from a three-week visit to West
Africa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
-HOLDUP
Getaway Car Left
AT Couples Doorstep

Continued From Page AL
highway and to meet after the
coup.
The DaviseS, as well as the
five holdup men, are Negroes.
The FBI said recovery Of the
stolen car used in the holdup
was the break that led them
to the Davises. Agents located
the car. a white 1868 Chevrolet,
parked on the wrong side Of
the street near the intersection
of Third and Atlantic streets
Sc. at 1905 pm. Monday, not
quite IL hours after the holdup.
The car was readily identi-
fled because it had no license
plates and because of wit
neSseS' description of a bat
tered rear fender smeared with
blue paint from an old acci-
dent.
Agents of the FBI famed
out over the neighborhood,
knocking on every door, and
soon established that the white
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-12
BY GEORGE SHERMAN
Star Staff Writer

SeeA RhoAA WAANgA
The Kennedy administration
is preparing to apply its "rule
Of democratic promises" to the
new military junta in Ecuador.
That rule makes United
States recognition of the new
government dependent upon
definite guarantees to hold new
free elections, including q daJe
If possible. 1t also stipulates
that usual civil guarantees be
continued for the Ecuadorian
people during the interim mill
tary government.
The junta overthrow Presi-
dent Carlos Julio Arosemena
yesterday in a coup d'etat which
sent him into Panamanian exile,
From all reports reaching Off
cial quarters here. it was a
quick operation Of the combined
armed forces commanders.
The rule Of democratic
promises" has been applied sue
cessfully during the past year
in both Peru and Argentina. In
both countries, military cliques
threw out the constitutional
presidents; and in both, recent
elections are about to return
civilian presidents to power.
Special Conditions
On the other hand, the Ken
nedy rule has not worked SC
we'll in Guatemala. where Q
military junta threw out Pres
ident Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes
In late March and declined to
set a definite date for new cleo
tons. But the United States
recognized the government be-
cause Of what are called "spe-
cial local conditions operating
in favor Of the Communists.
The United States has In
formally agreed with the
Guatemalan junta that, II cleo
tons were TO be held soon in
Guatemala, the Communists
operating under popular former
President Juan Jose Arevalc
undoubtedly would return tc
power.
But special local conditions
seem to operate in favor Of 9
quick return to democratic
processes in Ecuador. Reports
reaching here indicate that the
new junta has already prom
Used elections as soon as
possible"
Furthermore, the main cause
Of the military action was Q
personal weakness Of President
Arosemena's - his drinking
habits. During the past SIX
months, his repeated drunken
ness in public has caused q