davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
BY ISABELLE SHELTON
Star staff Writer

The world is in 1.-The great
est period of revolutionary
ferment in all recorded his
tory" DR.. Abram L. Sachar
said last night.
While some people seem to
think the world is in a period
Of decline. with continually
recurring crises, the Brandeis
University president said, II
don't share the mourners'
bench psychology at all"
II say we are living in a
period when hundreds of
millions Of people are cast
ing off their shackles, and
for the first time experience
ing the delight Of being hu-
man." he said. This is a
period when it rs great to BIZ
alive"
DR.. Sachar addressed an
evening session of the 1863
national biennial meeting Of
B'nai Birth Women, meeting
at the Statler Hilton Hotel.
More than half of the ma
lions now in the United Ma
tons are made up Of people
who have a chieved their
sovereignty for the first time.
the educator pointed out.
What you are witnessing
is not the nightmare OF
death, but the agony Of
BIRTH" he declared. 1T is in
evitable that is should be
accompanied by trouble"
It Is we'll TO remember, DR.
Sachar suggested. that the
American revolution set free
a people who already hac
many more freedoms and ad-
yantages than the people In
the Congo. China and Latir
America, among others, hav,
today.
The American revolution
aries also had the disciplin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
Great to Be Alive,
B'noi Birth Told

Of an Anglo-Saxon back
ground" the speaker said.
Yet mot two or three years
after, but IS years later, they
had to fight the bloodiest
fratricidal war of all history
up to that time"
The Americans could not
settle their problems in IS or
80 years, yet we worry that
the Congo and Algeria and
some of the other states just
coming out into the light are
still wrestling with prob
lems,"
AS a matter Of fact, ne
continued the Civil War
still is not ended in Mis-
sissippi, where it still takes
thousands of soldiers to send
one colored man into a
school and keep him there"
While progress in this
country is slower than he
would like, the speaker said,
II still have a strange feel
ing of unreality when I read
about a statistical decline in
this country. We still have
the highest standard of liv-
ing of any people in history"
Indignation is proceeding
too slowly, he said, yet there
is a striking contrast between
the Turmoil the century Su-
preme Court decision setting
forth the separate but
equal" doctrine for schools
which the court upheld 8 to
II and the 1854 decision in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02

how a link must be found
between Government and
volunteer agencies"
Celebrating on this SUCCESS
ton in her annual report,
Miss Cook pointed out that
for an organization that was
established principally to
provide housing for women
and girls, the YWCA is fac
ing a major housing problem.
In 1862. the YWCA had to
turn away $500 transient
guests, and there is now a
waiting list of 400 for Strong
Residence. Miss Cook said.
Most of the Strong Resi-
dence applicants are girls
between the ages of 10 and
"a, new to Washington, whose
parents have recommended
they stay at the Y, Miss
Cook pointed out, adding:
There now seems to be a
greater interest in having
girls safe in group living"
Here is one place." she
suggested, where we'd like to
work with the Government to
set up a housing service for
girls and women in Washing
ton"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
Georgetown
To Honor


The sophomore class Of
Georgetown University's East
Campus will hold a reception
for members Of the 88th Con-
gress from 2 to 5 pm. April Z.
The goal Of the reception
is to bring students into per-
sonal. informal contact with
Senators and Representatives
and to enable them to dis
cuss national and interna-
tional affairs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
Kennedys Attend Opening Of Play

dark blue suit in contrast to
the black-tie garb Of other
men present.
The audience had ap-
plauded Mrs. Kennedy when
she returned from an inter-
mission visit backstage.
The play "a Restoration
farce by Richard Sheridan
stars some of Great Britain's
leading actors, including Sir
John Gielgud and Sir Ralph
Richardson. Sir John also
directed it.
President Kennedy and Mr..
Wilson met for the first time
backstage after the show.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02

900, with plans to build a new
community center in antici-
patton of the needs of an es-
timated 100000 population in
1880.
Mrs. Walter N. Tobriner,
wife of the president of the
Board of District Commits
sioners and president Of the
YWCA of the District,
presided at the luncheon. All
officers of the Board, includ-
ing Mrs. Tobriner, were re-
elected to serve another year.
New members elected to the
Board are Mrs. Marshall E.
Brushart, Mrs. Ernest j. Swift
and Mrs. Paul M. Tyler.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02

They had gone there to con-
graduate the cast. Pro-
ducer Alexander Cohen, who
brought the production from
England, said he introduced
the pair and the President
said:
"Oh-I'm supposed to meet
you tomorrow.
Mr.. Wilson and President
Kennedy confer at the White
House today. The Kennedys
headed for home in a limou-
sine after the show. Mr..
Wilson and the Ormsby
Cores planned to attend a
cast party.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02

went virtually unnoticed.
Mr.. Wilson sat behind the
Kennedys with the British
Ambassador, Sir David Orms-
by Gore, and Lady Ormsby
Gore.
1t was raining a little when
Mrs. Kennedy arrived at an
alley entrance of the National
Theater. A crowd outside
rushed for a glimpse of the
First Lady, clad in a long
formal gown Of yellowish
green and a white mink wrap.
For President Kennedy's
later arrival, a seat was saved
on the aisle of Row G in the
orchestra. He appeared in a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02

which all nine justices voted
to reverse the earlier decision.
We've come a long way
from the Uncle Tom OBJ
sequious treatment we had
not long ago." DR.. Sachar
said. Negroes are on the
way, on the march. They
have a right to be impatient
but they are on their way"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
BY the Associated Press

President and Mrs. Kennedy
attended the premiere last
night of a revival of the Res
toration comedy, The School
for Scandal" Also in the au-
dience was Harold Wilson,
visiting leader of Britains
Labor Party.
Mrs. Kennedy arrived with
a party of four shortly before
the 8 pm. curtain went up
on the British show. The
President didn't make it un-
til the second Of seven scenes
in the second and final act
nearly 10 pm. His entrance
into the darkened theater
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
Wants Medicare

He personally Is impatient
about the slownesS OF Con-
gress in adopting Mediocre,
which would provide hospi-
tai care to the aged through
Social Security. DR.. Sachar
continued.
Yet here again, he said,
we've come a long way from
the 40's, when a whole
American political party was
devoted to the idea that the
government should do MOTH
ing for the people.
1--WE are fighting today on
whether it should be done
this way or that way. But
we all agree that 1t medical
care for the aged) should be
DONE" he said.
Good leadership is the
prime need today in the ma
ton and the world, DR..
Sachar said. He urged strong
support Of B'nai Births
Hillel foundation program,
which helps train college,
age Jewish youths for leader
ship.
Mrs. Moe Kudler. presi-
dent Of B'nai Birth Wom-
en-. presided at last nights
session. The meetings, at
which delegates represent
$4,000 women In $50 chap
tiers in this country and So
groups overseas, will con-
tinue through Thursday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
4 NCAs
In Area Act
To Merge
BY RUTH DEAN
star staff Writer

The Young Women's Chris
tan Associations Of the
Washington area took a
giant step yesterday with an
ement that four
YWCAs. including the Dis
trict, will incorporate as the
YWCA of the National Cap
ital Area.
The announcement was
made by Miss Mabel r. Cook,
executive director Of the
YWCA Of the District, at the
District YWCA's annual
meeting and luncheon in the
Mayflower Hotel.
The incorporation, APP
proved by the District MEM
bership at the luncheon, is
being planned by an interim
board of directors. consisting
of the president and five
Misunderstanding from each
of the four YWCAs in this
area. Besides the District,
they include Montgomery
County, Phyllis Wheatley and
Alexandria.
Miss Cooks annual report
and the luncheon program
reflected the problems the
YWCA faces in keeping UP
with the areas population
growth and need for COM
munity services.
Mr.. Marquis Childs, head
of the Washington Bureau Of
the st. Louis Post Dispatch
and syndicated columnist,
was the principal luncheon
speaker.
Fears Conflict
Mr.. Childs praised the
voluntary efforts Of organ
izations like the YWCA, but
expressed apprehension that
the proposed domestic Peace
Corps might make inroads on
the efforts Of volunteer
agencies because it would tap
the idealistic type Of people
who already are the MAIN
stay of these agencies.
Asserting that the popula-
ton explosion and the in
creasing need for community
services allows room for both
types of aid, Mr.. Childs
concluded: THE shadow OF
Government must not be al
lowed to diminish these (vol-
unteer) efforts. and some
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
Conference
Is Planned

A day-long adult leadership
conference on community
group problems is scheduled
by the Fairfax County YWCA
for April q.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
Project in Fairfax

The annual report included
review of a pioneer effort in
Fairfax County which is now
serving a population of 1892
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-02
To Honor
Princess

Miss susan Saulmon.
Cherry Blossom Princess for
Kentucky, will be honored by
the Kentucky Society Of
Washington tomorrow at 1880
pm. in the Old Senate Office
Building.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
The Realities Of Cold War Change Lives Of |ndas Millions
merican Newspaper Alliance

The brigadier has rediscovered
with pride that he is an Indian.
For some the war has meant
a complete break with the past.
One of these is Bala.
To many foreign visitors in
India perhaps nothing so startles
the mind and stirs the conscience
as the rickshaw puller. who. BAN
ished from the modernized cities,
is still the sole means Of trans
portation in most provincial
towns.
Many tourists memories OF the
Tai Mahal are blended with those
Of the sweat-soaked shoulders and
spindly legs Of the barefoot rick
shaw puller who pedaled them
there on a two-wheeled seat at
tached to his cycle.
Bala was such a man and, like
most rickshaw pullers, was a
village youth forced to leave the
overburdened land but unable TO
find a better job in the city.
He earned from so to so cents
a day, of which a third was spent
for cheeroots and the eight to
ten cups Of tea he drank daily to
keep myself going"
Evening star., 1963-01-06

Thant came to Havana, and
Khrushchev agreed to remove his
missiles from Cuban soil. Our
radio operator heard American
broadcasts that some of the
rockets were observed en- route
back to Russia.
There are four separate groups
of Soviet citizens in Cuba:
Russian sailors can be disting-
uished by their poor dress, usually
consisting Of shirtsleeves. slacks,
no socks. Most of them are car
rying bundles. "The minute they
hit port, they head for the shops
and buy what they can, especially
socks" said one storekeeper. "Only
now there's nothing left to buy"
A Turkish sailor who had been
aboard when the Bingul picked up
its cargo in the Black Sea, ex-
planned why they covet socks: for
three pair Of socks you can get
a camera in Russia, he said.
The second category of Russians
are the "technicians," who are
quartered in restricted hotels and
barracks around Havana. They
have their own shops. restaurants,
entertainment facilities and live
an existence far removed from
Cuban daily routine.
The third type in evidence are
Soviet soldiers. All of them are
quite young, and hardly ever ap-
pear on foot. They come riding in
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Youthful Hopes

Two months ago Bala had been
pulling a rickshaw for three years
and had abandoned any plans Of
doing anything else the rest Of
his life. Still. he hadn't forgotten
his youthful hopes in coming 10
the city.
II remember the first day when
! heard 'rickshaw puller' as my
name" he recalls. II took the
customer and the wheels started
rolling on the road. II seems as
though all my dreams and those
Of my parents back In my village
went under the wheels Of that
rickshaw, and I felt that they
were lost somewhere on that road.
in the dust. while rolling under
the rickshaw."
Eventually he became resigned
10 his fate. There was no use
trying TO rebel against II. No
amount Of tears or prayer can
change ones destiny"
But the Chinese invasion did.
The army depot In Bala's city be-
gan recruiting large numbers OF
men, Despite q deterioration OF
his physical condition from rick
shaw pulling he was able 10 pass
the medical examination and to-
day Is training at a center in
Western Maharashtra. To him
the change has meant employ
ment.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y-The
U. N crunch of Katanga last week
will long be debated on moral, le-
gal, and practical grounds.
The case for the action is that
1t:
. Saved a middle of the road
pro-Western regime in Leopold
vile.
. Checkmated Soviet efforts to
penetrate Central Africa.
. Reduced the peril of a Span
ish-type civil war and the far
greater bloodshed which that
tragedy would involve.
. Helped make the Congo a
viable national entity.
. Hopefully prepared the way for
an early U. N. disengagement.
Whether the U. N. action did In
fact accomplish all these things
Is not yet clear. 1t may not be
clear until historians record the
story years hence. But at the
moment, progress appears to have
been made in each of these di-
rections.
Meanwhile, whether the U. N. had
the legal and moral right to use
force to accomplish such ends is
being hotly debated.
The spectacle Of a world peace
organization killing people to ac-
complish political and economic
detectives - however desirable -
is bound to stir controversy.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
U. N. Role in Congo
Has Eye on Future

right wing, Empire r loving Daily
Express put the latter view tersely.
"The lesson of Katanga is plain, /"
it said, "The U. N. without power
is a farce. The U. N. with power
is a menace"
In Washington, Senators Dodd
and Goldwater called the U. N.
action aggression and complained
that the world organization was
crushing "the only full = fledged
pro- Western leader in the Congo"
Their objection appeared to be
more on practical than on legal
grounds.
Whether Mr.. Tshombe is in fact
pro-Western is debatable. U. N.
people say he is pro-Tshombe. He
denounced the United States last
week; and his Foreign Minister,
Evariste Kimba, said U. N. troops
were "in the service of American
Imperialism"
Evening star., 1963-01-06

vealed my true identity to young
man who had asked me to take
a letter out of Cuba.
About a week after my first
contact, my friend reappeared at
dockside when I was ready to go
into town.
Give me a picture Of yourself, "
he said. Then he asked me to wait
under a street lamp near the sea-
side promenade at 3 pm. sharp
the next day.
MY friends will know you from
the picture" he said.
On the dot at 3, a dusty Olds-
mobile pulled up front Of the
street lamp. The driver opened the
door. Get in," he said. Then
pointing to another man in the
back of the car, he added: "That'S
Pepe, I'm Paco. Never mind
last names. Well take you for a
little ride"
We drove about so miles along
the coast. Suddenly. Paco pointed
and said, do you want to see real
Russians at work? There they are
-. :" He indicated a stately house
surrounded by trees. A few olive
drab trucks were parked outside.
And two blond, bareheaded men.
wearing blue denim coveralls stood
just outside the gate. carrying
ugly-looking submachine guns.
They eyed us curiously when we
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Would Help Tshombe

Whatever Mr.. Tshombe's politi-
cal orientation, the U. N. has made
clear 1t is prepared to work with
him and not hinder his career If
he will abandon his rebellion.
That is, however, admittedly big
"if."
Another practical objection
raised by some critics is that the
U. N. is inconsistent, supporting
independence and-or fragmenta-
ton for certain political entities
Portuguese Angola. South West
Africa, the Rhodesias. etc.-while
at the same time opposing inde-
pendence and augmentation for
the Congo.
The U. N. reply is that, on the
contrary, its policy is consistent
ly in favor of self-rule. Mr..
Tshombe, 1t is argued, is by no
means the peoples choice" in
Katanga, representing at best only
a minority tribe and at worst the
Belgian induStrialists who finance
him.
There may be holes in this argu-
ment. but no one has ever proved
a majority Of the Katangese peo-
pie want independence. Talk of
self determination" for Katanga
rarely is combined with proposals
for plebiscite. Indeed, a plebis-
cite probably would be impractical
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Nature Of obieetives

Moreover some people, notably
in Western Europe and in right
wing American circles, question
whether some of the objectives
were desirable.
The official U. N. line is that its
army was defending itself after
intolerable provocation restoring
law and order with the larger pur-
pose of preserving the unity, ter
ritorial integrity. and political in
dependence" of the Congo.
. No one believes this is the whole
story. The U. MS purpose was
and is to reintegrate Katange with
the central government, just as it
tried to reintegrate Oriental
province when Moscow's man An
tome Gizenga took that part of
the country out of the union.
Secretary General U Thant and
the U. N. majority are persuaded
that only united and viable Con-
go can produce peace in Central
Africa. They see Katanga as an
effort by Europeans to preserve
special privileges and economic
opportunities in the heart of a
continent determined to be wholly
free.
But imposition Of political set
Elements within member countries
is not authorized by the U. N.
Charter. 1t is interference with
domestic sovereignty, something
which is not permitted even when
the government in question invites
and urges such interference as the
Congolese central government has
done.
Evening star., 1963-01-06
Possibility of Attack

asked Paco whether he thinks
the underground movement is
strong enough at this time to
strike a blow, or several blows,
If an outside force were to en-
gage Castro's army.
mot any more" he said. Gas
tro's repreSsive measures have left
us without central leadership.
What's worse, without the willing
ness to accept directions from one
central point. After Martinez
was arrested a few months ago."
then asked which part of the
Cuban population was most dis
affected by the Castro regime.
THE rural population, without
doubt" Paco replied. "At first,
they supported Castro, because he
promised them land reform. And
for a while, it worked. But now
they are working in collectives.
for the state, and though they get
money for their work. they can't
buy food or clothing for their fam
lilies. They've had Castro up
to here" he said, indicating his
nose. More than 5000 peasants
are in jail"
What then, I asked, can be done
to aid the freedom movement in
side Cuba?
THE best way to aid u.s." Paco
stated, sis to beam a forceful
propaganda barrage at Castro's
spy organization, the committees
for vigilance at the grass-roots
level. The shortages and hardships
of the past months have caused
many Cubans, even former Com
munists, to think twice about the
course of our history. And II we
can disrupt the police informer
network, we can rebuild our
strength without constant fear Of
treachery And then we need help,
and arms, from outside"
While we were talking, we had
arrived back in Havana. My re-
sistance friends dropped me at the
same lamppost where they had
met me, and sped off into the
night.
North American Newspaper Alliance
Evening star., 1963-01-06
CO
How Cuba Reacted During the Blockade

slowed the car, but lost interest
when we resumed speed.
That's the Russian nerve CEN
ter" he said. This is where the
button would have been pushed If
the Russian rockets had been
ready to go in time. The button
may still be pushed" he added.
1--WE know there are still missiles
hidden on our island" Paco ex-
planned that the Russian military
had taken over 10 of the II long
distance telephone trunk lines
which crisscross the island.
All communications, he added.
were being handled by Spanish
speaking Russian personnel and
elite members of the Cuban armed
forces, who did menial jobs.
THE Russians have two huge
military camps here" he said, "one
at Holquin, Oriente Province, and
one at Ciego de Avila, in CANA
guey. Those are the only places
they wear their uniforms. And
that's where they keep a lot of
their secret stuff. All Cubans nv-
ing in those two areas were driven
from their land. If you approach
the areas other than on the prin-
cipal access road, they shoot on
sight"
The headquarters Paco had
pointed out was near Mariel, in
Pinar del Rio. We then visited an
area, where the road had been
widened to accommodate Soviet
missile transportation trucks. This
tracks of the heavy vehicles were
still visible, but the missiles them
selves had disappeared.
They keep them in caves now"
Paco explained.
Evening star., 1963-01-06

a puritanical vacuum Of un-
reality. Everything is changed
now" Kumar explains that he soon
hopes to do a film on a war theme
but has yet to find script. Asked,
if, since the cease-fire, the situa-
ton still required the kind of film
produced during war time. Kumar
flares up heatedly. "It's enough Of
a war for U.s."
If the change has been disillu-
sionment to the famous film star
1t has been a kind Of renaissance
to some professional military men.
On the eve Of the Chinese at
tack, Brigadier Raman looked for
ward to his retirement, soothed
his boredom by reading Santayana
nostalgically recalled the good old
days Of the British raj.
English-educated, the Brigadier
had been British in his food, ac-
cent and manners ever since. He
once aroused the wrath Of a SEN
ior officer by informing him at
a dance that the band present
would play only Western music.
not Indian tunes.
Once asked II India had a great
future. he replied: Politically,
economically, yes; the other no."
What did he mean.
"I meant honor and tradition" !"
Impatient with the pace Of his
country's economic development.
the Brigadier wished Prime Min
lister Nehru would force rapid
change while he had the power.
once he commented lightly, II
think a war would do these people
good. They're becoming too salts
fled" But he didn't mean 1t and
later said seriously. II have seen
too many wounded men gasping
for life and wishing for death.
i never want To zee war again"