davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18
Illinois Senator Is Called Man to Watch
AS Leader of Key G. 0. P. Support CORPS

progressed at least as far on
domestic issues as the late
Senator Taft. On interna-
tional issues, he has risen
on occasion to bipartisan
craftsmanship in the best
tradition of Root, Stimson
and Vandenberg.
But as was Lincoln, the
senior Senator from Illinois
is always a careful politician.
He has given no indication
that he is any more eager
than was Lincoln originally
to face up to the racial trag-
edy, fully and irrevocably.
His dilemma is easier than
that faced by the Great
Emancipator. Not only does
his constituency now have
hundreds of thousands of
militant Negro voters, but his
problem at most is a divided
party while Lincoln's was a
divided Nation.
In a personal sense, Sen
ator Dirksen's choice is wheth-
er to be briefly and genially
remembered, than forever
forgotten, or to seize upon
this centennial crisis to help
finish what Lincoln started.
In stark political terms, he
must decide whether to go
along with the Goldwater fac
ton which wants to turn the
G. o. P. more white and more
to the right or to help re-
solve the civil rights question,
once and for all. The future
of his party is at stake, but
so is the question whether
the Nation must suffer a civil
rights stalemate at just the
moment when it appears that
historic problem must and
can be resolved.
With a firm early stand,
Sen. Dirksen could take with
him enough Republicans to
be decisive. If the public
accommodations part is not
included, however, Negro
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18
DORIS FLEESON

The man to watch during
Washington's cruising civil
rights battle is not President
Kennedy, the Attorney Cen
eral or the Negro leaders but
effusive, ever-loving Everett
Mckinley Dirksen.
Administration leaders do
not have enough votes to
enact civil rights legislation
without substantial Rerub-
lican support. This reality
casts the Republican Senate
leader in the role of Horatio
at the bridge, the shield of
Bartlett's Quotations in one
hand, the spear Of politics in
the other and q toga of sheer
brass disheveled about him.
Senator Dirksen's decisive
role is shown by the fact that
President Kennedy consulted
with him three times in the
last five days before admin
istration proposals reached
Congress. The President even
handed him a draft Of the
accompanying presidential
message to consider over the
final week end.
The day before Mr.. Ken
nedy crossed the Rubicon,
Presidential Counsel Soren-
son, two other White House
aides and Democratic Senate
Strategist Baker were closeted
with Senator Dirksen making
changes he suggested. He
now says these changes are
not enough.
He is particularly cool to-
ward the Administrators
public accommodations pro-
posal. But the Senator is
Justly famed for his flexi-
bility, and it will be inter-
esting to watch what he
becomes in the terrible cru
chile of the civil rights
struggle.
A political heir to McKin-
ley in more than his middle
name, Senator Dirksen has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18
Russia, Chino Disagree
On How to Close Talks

MOSCOW, July IS (AP)
The Soviet Chinese theological
talks may end this week end
II the delegations can agree on
a final communique.
The talks we're In recess today
but were expected to resume
tomorrow. Reports circulated
that negotiators yesterday ar
gued about q statement to
close the meeting, which has
done nothing to narrow the
split between Picking and
Moscow.
Persistent reports which could
not be confirmed gave this
summary Of the situation:
The Russians want q COM
munique putting the blame for
the theological dispute squarely
on the Chinese.
The Chinese want q COM
muilique stating that a meeting
was held and leaving the door
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18

President Kennedy remained
silent. despite hints in the
newspapers that he was in
volved. I had been told that
he would make clear to the
public the Governments role
in our effort. Not only did he
remain silent: he had APP
parently not bothered even to
call in congressional leaders
from both parties to brief them
on the plan. an action which
might have done much to fore
stall criticism in Congress"
On May %. he relates, the
President asked Americans to
contribute to the fund but said
the United States Government
''has not and cannot be a party
to these negotiations"
Nov I had the awful truth, /"
writes Dr.. Eisenhower. Though
President Kennedy had person.
ally asked me to help, and
though I had understood this
fact would be proclaimed to the
public I now realized in
chilling clarity that the Presi-
dent intended to maintain the
fiction that all aspects Of the
case were private"
Criticism Mounts
Criticism mounted. Then,
apparently on recommended
ton of special presidential as
sistant Richard Goodwin and
Attorney General Robert r.
Kennedy, Attorney John ].
Hooker of Nashville, Tenn, was
named executive secretary of
the committee. Mr.. Hooker
earned his first headline" by
defying orders and releasing a
list Of patrons names which
the committee considered in
sufficiently balanced.
Calling this deliberate in
subordination," DR.. Eisenhower
says he wrote the President
"the bitterest letter I have ever
written" He urged again that
the public be given the full
story of the committees origin.
Mr.. Castro, meanwhile, made
propaganda and Americans
showed anger that the COM
mittee even considered nego-
tiating with him. Eventually he
demanded $28 million worth
of tractors or the equivalent
and reduced the number Of
prisoners offered.
Last Chance Gable
DR.. Eisenhower wanted to
call the whole thing off. But
with Secretary Rusk's approval.
he said, a last-chance cable to
Mr.. Castro repeated the original
offer Of 500 tractors for 1914
prisoners. Mr.. Castro rejected
1t, then said he would send
the prisoner delegation back
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18

The doctrine Of "equal
rights" is about to give the
Supreme Court of the United
States one of the toughest
cases it has ever had to de-
eide. It may be unpleasant
to read about-though per-
haps not as lurid as the
British sex scandals--but the
evolution of constitutional
law is so important nova
days that the principles in
volved cannot be ignored in
a free press.
The case in question was
decided Just a few weeks ago
by a unanimous opinion Of
the seven judges of the SUI
preme Court Of the State Of
Florida. It dealt with a
State law which prescribes a
moderate punishment when
the crime of adultery has
been committed by two white
persons or by two Negro
persons. Another provision
of the same law, however,
provides a much more severe
punishment when the crime
involves acts of one Negro
and one white person to-
gether. In other words. the
"integration" is punished
much more severely than
when the races are COM
pletely separated. NJ
On the surface, this would
appear to be a plain case of
discrimination against inte-
grafton as such. The Supreme
Court of the State of Florida,
however, took an entirely
different view and sarcas-
tically made reference to the
probability that it's decision
would be overruled by the
Supreme Court of the United
States.
The case by the Florida
Supreme Court was decided
on May /, 1868, and a rehear-
ing was denied on May 30,
1868. So the only chance for
reversal lies in the Supreme
Court of the United States.
The Florida State Supreme
Court In its opinion said:
THE appellants seek ad-
judication of their right to
engage in integrated illicit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18
News Research
Plan Under Study

A project to determine the
feasibility of a proposed news
research center is being spon-
sored jointly by the American
Newspaper Publishers Associa-
ton and the Associated Press
Managing Editors Association.
Such a center would assemble
and disseminate information
about studies of newspaper
news gathering and publishing.
Chiffon Bush, retired dean
of the school of Journalism at
Stanford University, has been
retained by the two organiza-
lions to conduct the feasibility
study.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18
Rulings Held Bar
To Enforcement

Capt. John j. Kinney of the
Fifth Police Precinct told the
Capitol Hill Community Coun-
Gil last night that the ban on
inveStigative arrests and the
Mallory rule against an unrea-
sonable delay between arrest and
arrangement are roadblocks to
efficient law enforcement.
The council also heard Mrs.
Doris Adams, director of the
Christ Child Settlement House,
608 Massachusetts, avenue NE,
enter a plea for better COM
munications between neighbour
hood residents and social work.
ers. Individual citizens can help
by contributing funds and Civ
ing their time as volunteers, she
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18

to the United States to explain.
Obviously he was seeking a
propaganda advantage, and the
committee decided to disband.
But, says DR.. Eisenhower,
Mr.. Hooker ignored this and
on his own talked to the pris-
oner delegation at Key West,
Fla. On June 20. President
Kennedy said the United States
would not change its position,
But it was not until two days
later, says DR.. Eisenhower
that Mr.. Hooker bowed to the
decision Of the committee to
diSband.
Not Brothers Plan
Taking note of Democratic
charges that Mr.. Kennedy m
herited plans for the invasion
of Cuba from the Eisenhower
administration. DR.. Eisenhower
said his brother ibid not have
any plan to sponsor an inva-
sion of Cuba"
But he said President Eisen-
hover did authorize the Cen
trail Intelligence Agency to
organize and give military
training to Cuban exiles be-
cause "the day might come
when the refugees would in
wade their homeland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18

PARIS, July 10 (AP).-The
National Assembly early today
approved the governments bill
to require advance notice of
strikes in public service indus
tries. The vote was 257-2O5. The
bill now goes to the senate.
Unions would have to give
five days notice of their in
tention to strike in public
transportation, electricity, gas
and similar industries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-18

II was beginning to be
angry" Or. Eisenhower writes.
President Kennedy had not
explained our position as mere
fund raisers in support OF
governmental policy as he had
led me TO believe he would.
Tundra times., 1963-06-03

ceive and install a large roomful of equipment, it is tentatively planned that the station will be- come operational this summer to receive data on routine basis from the TIROS satellites. Right now TIROS VI is orbiting and send ing earth cloud cover pictures. Later it will receive data from the NIMBUS polar satellites as well as many of more than 70 satellite scientific projects planned for the next several years.
 The polar satellites are important because they have so much cover age and are apt to become even more important as the space pro- gram accelerates.
 Satellites are usually placed on one of two principal paths-either around the equator or around the poles. If they are placed on paths around the equator, they see and
 
 beneath them. In other words. they continue over the same path. How ever, if the satellites go from pole to pole, as the satellites make in- tervals, they will see and pick up data on different areas each time so that eventually such satellites will see every spot on the surface of the globe
 Polar orbiting satellites are very important because they have the most coverage of any of the satel- lites that go around the earth.
 The United States needs satel- lites which are polar orbiting and because of Alaska's geographic To- cation, it is an important and stra- tegic place to establish tracking and data acquisition stations.
 With one tracking and two data acquisition stations, Fairbanks has
Tundra times., 1963-06-03

In the heart of Alaska, near Fairbanks, is located the largest, most sophisticated GSFC satellite ground station in the world-the Gilmore Creek Data Acquisition Fa- cility.
 AlaskanS know it by two nick names. the Big Dish," and the Big Ear
 Built at a cost of between s and $6 million, it can receive, amplify. and record radio signals from satel- lites that are 10000 to 100000 times weaker than radio signals that can be received on a standard AM radio.
 The station is owned by the Navy and Goddard Space Flight Center. Greenbelt, Maryland, of the Nation- al Aeronau,ics Space Administra- tion. It is operatel by the Geophy- sical Institute of the University of Alaska under contract.
 The Gilmorn Creek station is the first of four such stations to be constructed on the North American continent. The other stations, now in various stages of planning and construction, will be located as fol- lows: a second facility near Fair banks: a facility at Rosman. NC; and facility in eastern Canada.
 The Big Ear" station was built in a valley sheltered on all sides by hills and mountains.
 We took a great deal of time and care in selecting this site,'' said Richard Coan, NASA director of the station. We wanted to have place that would be relatively quiet, where we wouldn't pick up so much regular ground noise"
 OperatiOnal
 Although the Gilmore Creek Data Acquisition Facility has yet to re-
Tundra times., 1963-06-03
Rampant Woman Completes
 Beauty Course in Hollywood

Miss Thelma Mayo, 20 years old, formerly of Rampant, recently came back from Los Angeles, to visit her family in Fairbanks after complet- ing 1,600 hour course in Beauty Culture. She received her Califor- mia license after completion of her training.
 She is returning to California to work as beautician. She is not yet qualified to work in Alaska that requires 2,0O0 hours for a li- cense. After working a year, or less, in California she will automa- tically qualify for a license in AL aska, which she can get for $25.
 She said she was lonesome to see her family so she decided to visit. She likes California. After I get enough hours working in Cali fornia, I may come back to Alaska to work" she said.
Tundra times., 1963-06-03

more important space stations than anywhere else on the face of the globe.
 The second data acquisition facil- ity to be used for gathering data for the US. Weather Bureau will be located about a half mile from the present station. The founda- tions for it's large antenna and the building were constructed last sum- mer. AS soon as the weather breaks and the Alaska construction season begins, the building and antenna will be Speeded toward completion.
 Two Programs
 At present NASA has two major programs: one is the glamorous and glittering Project Mercury or Man in Space program, the other is the Scientific Satellite Program, per haps not so interesting, but which makes the Man in Space program possible.
 The research program is import ant because it is designed to get information of environmental con- ditions in the space surrounding the earth-information vital to the maximum protection of the U.S.'s astronauts when they leave earth for space exploration.
 Space science must be extremely precise. Satellites zoomed thousands of miles from earth into unknown conditions must send back exact information and this information must be accurately recorded, then through special systems of rapid communication whisked to Wash ington, DC, and other certers in our country to be rapidly broken down, analysed, and assimilated.
 The satellites are remarkable in their capabilities. They can be commanded to transmit data to the station here, for instance, of pie ture of the cloud cover over Alas ka. Or if the station personnel are busy, and the information is not urgently needed, personnel at the Gilmore Creek station can command a satellite to take a picture of the cloud cover and store the data within itself for later transmission.
 If the information is urgently needed, the satellite can be com- manded to transmit it directly down to earth and then it can be from Fairbanks to Washington, DC, immediately.
 There are also many other al- ternatives in handling the informa- tion. It can be taken directly from the satellite and recorded, then it can be passed on over the micro- wave system several hours later or it can be recorded on magnetic | tape and shipped by air to its des- tination.
 When satellite takes informa- ton or pictures and transmits them
Tundra times., 1963-06-03
Times Photo

ceived and recorded on a single frame of tape.
 Now we have explained the main difference between a minnitrack station and a data acquisition sta- tion. To review, we said the Mini- track station primarily tracks the Satellite. To be perfectly correct, it is capable of receiving telemetered data this is a secondary function.
 On the other hand, we said data acquisition facility's main function was to receive telemetered data. That is true, but it is also capable of tracking satellites-in fact it must do this first in order to receive the data.
 Phone System
 Although telephone lines go near the Gilmore Creek data acquisition station at Fox, the station does not use them. It has a special system to pass on it's valuable information gleaned from outer space.
 It has a special microwave sys- tenn by which it communicates with Fairbanks ACS center. The microwave system can carry wide band data! a regular telephone line cannot.
 From Fairbanks the space data is sent by the White Alice com. munication system to Seattle and from there to Washington, DC, and other places. In the lower states, the information is relayed on a special coax cable or micro. wave system.
 The Gilmore Creek station also has its telephones incorporated into the microWave system from Fox to Fairbanks. When personnel there call Fairbanks, only II miles away. or Fairbanks persons call the Gill; more station, their calls are not going over telephone lines but through the air by microwave.
 The Gilmore Creek station is not fully instrumented but hopes to become so this summer. $42.00O worth of Western Electr;: za,,;,, ment n will De :-stalled esoecially to .'-n55,e the "wide band" data re- ceived from space.
 The scope of the data that has been received is simply amazing and through the satellites of recent years, knowledge about outer space has mushroomed. One scientist told Tundra Times that more had been found out in the last five years about space. than all the centuries before and that more was apt to be learned in the next two years than has been the previous five years. ..
 Is N
Tundra times., 1963-06-03

directly to station on earth, this is what is called Real Time" When the satellite takes information and stores it for transmission to earth at a later time, this is called Stored Data"
 There are primarily two types of scientific stations, minnitrack sta tions, those whose main function is to track satellites so that the posi- tion of orbiting satellites will be known with high degree of pre- cislon at any particular time.
 The other type of station is data acquisition facility. Its chief function is to acquire and record from satellites coded information.
 The information gathered by minnitrack stations, the precise whereabouts of satellites or the satellites orbits, is called "orbital information. Minnitrack stations work on the interferometer princi- pie, measuring interference. The stations have discs or dishes with antennas precisely oriented on their axes.
 A data acquisition facility, on the other hand, primarily is concerned with gathering information from the satellite itself, information called "telemetry."
 Satellites are, in reality, robots each capable of making observa- tions and carrying on experiments through delicate instruments con- tained within them. Satellites are also capable of sending back in- formation to each on how each of its parts are making out.
 If a part of the satellite breaks down, other parts in the satellite flash this information back to earth. Satellites usually get their power from the sun through solar cells on the satellites outer shell.
 If the power starts getting low. the robot will telemeter the in- formation back to earth, and per- sonnel on duty at acquisition fa- cilities will refrain from con- manding the satellite to send back much data-at lease until it's power supply is built up from th. ..1.. ''oi! --. ,re sun.
 How does the satellite send back information from so far away? It's simple. Through radio waves. The waves are received, magnified, and recorded on what is called "wide band" tape.
 Of course the information is coded, and positioned in such a way that as many as 60 different pieces ot information can be re-
The chronicle., 1963-12-17

an unprecedented move, placed
the STU and its four union riv.
ais under public trusteeship.
The trusteeship would remain,
the government said, until La
Dor peace on the lakes could be
achieved.
Trusteeship was roundly de-
nounced by the AFLCIO con-
vention in New York and criti-
cized by administration officials
in Washington. II touched off a
six-day STU strike on the lakes.
The strike ended and Great
Lakes shipping moved again.
But in Chicago. an old whale
back freighter named the John
L. Ericsson was sent to take
the Shaw's place at the docks
Of Continental Grain Co. on the
Calumet River.
The Ericsson arrived Oct. III.
II hasn't been loaded yet.
The chronicle., 1963-12-17
Desert DweIIers
Have No Desire
To Alter School

THREE CREEK, Idaho (UPI
They aim to fight progress
here in the desert because time
is not as precious as in the city.
School districts in two coun-
ties = Twin Falls and Wyhee-
have an agreement that the
little one : room Three Greek
Schoolhouse will remain as it is
because there's not another
school around for miles.
So the schoolhouse, looking
from the distance like a dinky
farm in the midst Of a vast,
wasteland of SagebruSh and al
kali, goes on with its nine pu-
pills.
The school is more than SIS
miles from Twin Falls In mid
Idaho and from the other di.
rection is only a bumpy road
to the emptiness of Northern
Nevada.
The school marin Is pretty
Miss Kathy Bartholomew, 20
This is her first year in the
teaching profession.
She lives during the week In
a house behind the school and
drives to her home In Jerome
on weekends.
A single oil heater warns the
school. Last winter the lowest
temperature was 30 below zero.
Miss Bartholomew says she
wouldn't change places with
any other teacher in the world.
She says she is sure her love
of her deSolate school is worth
1t to the children.
The chronicle., 1963-12-17

vertising which ultimately is a
burden laid on the backs Of con-
SumerS.
"By contrast, in socialist coun-
tries advertising has been put
to the service of the conSum-
err"
National circulation newspap-
erS such as Pravda or IzveStia
carry virtually no advertising,
although such local papers as
Evening Moscow" and "Mos-
COW Pravda" do run a few ads
on the back or inside pages.
On radio, there are 1O-minute
periods in the morning and aft
ernoon set aside for public
service announcements on the
availability Of goods (new sew
ing machines on sale at such
and such a store), appearance
of a visiting sporting team or
a h~elp-wanted announcement for
a new manager Of, say a Mos
COW tire plant. Occasionally
such commercials" appear on
television. There Is no other ra-
diO or televiSion advertising.
The chronicle., 1963-12-17

Shaw in Chicago has not beer
decided, and probably never
will be. But one thing is GER
tain. Hal Banks didn't want the
Shaw loaded. And 1t wasn't.
Charges Gangster Methods
Canadian Consul General
Charles F. Wilson said, "The
aggressor in this rivalry, the
STU Of Canada, has employed
many Of the worst, lawless
gangster methods known in the
history of trade unionism. Yet
the STU Of Canada is an affili.
ate of the STU of North Ameri-
ca, which in turn is an affili-
ate of AFL~CIO.
ut would resound to the cred
it of labor in both countries Il
AFL-CIO could still find a way
to clean house."
There was action in Ottawa.
The Canadian government, in