davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1963-07-22
WHY |? |? |?

WHY ? |? |?
 TROY, NY. R - The woman who called a local radio station Saturday apparently was perturbed by warnings that direct viewing of the solar eclipse could cause serious eye damage.
 More than a bit peevishly, she demanded:
 Why are they having an eclipse if you can't watch it?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-13
Americas BilliOn-DOllar
Fashion Bargain Store!

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make yumd dr tadh
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mpGeeu to rc1mphe
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Your
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Evening star., 1963-01-31
FARM
Dairy Plan Aims
To Cut Butter Price

be taken by the Congress this
year to avoid these con-
sequences"
Asserting that new dairy
legislation is urgently required
for the benefit of both the
farmer and the taxpayer" he
said the same successful prin-
ciples of voluntary supply
management" should be applied
to the dairy industry.
Under the voluntary produc-
ton control mo comply, nc
pay" principle, farmers either
accept Government controls
over their production and re-
ceive Federal payments, or they
produce whatever they want to
and get no payments.
He proposed continuing man
datory controls over cotton
production, but adding some
new features.
One new provision would
enable domestic textile mills
to buy American cotton as
cheaply as foreign producers
can under the present two
price system.
The domestic price-support
level for cotton is 31.88 cents a
pound, and that is what do
nestle mills have to pay for it
But an 812-cent export subsidy
enables domestic cotton tc
compete with foreign cotton
BY permitting foreign process
sors to buy 1t at "a cents a
pound or less.
Proposes New System
The President proposed a
system of payments to reduce
the cost of the cotton to do
mestic mills to approximately
what foreigners would have to
pay, taking into account differ
Iences in transportation costs.
He left details of how the
payments would be made for
Congress to settle. American
textile mills, it is understood,
would prefer not to receive such
payments directly so as to avoid
being labeled a subsidized in
dustry.
While no new legislation for
wheat is necessary this year
the President urged approval OF
the production control program
authorized by Congress last
year to be submitted to wheat
growers in a referendum this
spring.
Evening star., 1963-01-31
Asian Virus
Is Found in
8 FIuCoses

Asian influenza virus - the
type that contributed to 10000
deaths in the United States in
the epidemics of 1878 and
l959-60-has been isolated in
eight recent cases here.
Public Health Service ply
Sicians said the virus has also
been identified among patients
in Kansas City, Mo-, in two
counties of North Carolina,
and in Baltimore, Md.
DR.. James B. Henley of the
Virginia Health Department
said in Richmond that an in
Icreasing number of flu-type
cases have been reported in 2e
Virginia counties and cities
The cases numbered TAI last
week, compared with 66 the
previous week, according to the
Associated Press.
DR.. Kenley said the incidence
is way above usual" and that
school attendance in Richmond
and in Goochland County al
ready has been affected. Many
flu cases we're also reported in
Prince Edward, Henrico, Caro-
line, Cumberland, Buckingham
and AppomAttox Counties.
A check Of District schools
is being instituted TO spot abb
sentee rises.
Evening star., 1963-01-31

Mr.. Harkness in the Commons
debate last week.
Debate Demanded
T. c. Douglas, leader of the
New Democratic Party, said he
was shocked by the United
States statement and demanded
an emergency debate in Com
mons.
Mr.. Diefenbaker's ConserVa-
tive Party lost its majority in
Commons in the general elec-
ton last June, winning lis Of
the 265 seats. An election this
spring has appeared certain,
and there was considerable feel
ing that the United States
intervention might hurry it.
The United States statement
seemed likely to make nuclear
defense a major issue.
Basically all the opposition
parties-the Liberals, Social
Credit and the New Democrats
are opposed to arming Can
ada with nuclear weapons. Mr..
Pearson. however, has said that
since Mr.. Diefenbaker commit
ted Canada to them some time
ago, he should honor the COM
mitment and then negotiate
out Of the nuclear role.
Evening star., 1963-01-31
THE FEDERAL SPOTLIGHT
Lobor-Monoeement Plan Boosts
Membership in Larger Unions

is not a cure-all for increasing
membership. The smaller, less
aggressive groups, will have tc
revise their operations anc
philosophy or face further
membership losses or even the
possibility Of going out Of busi-
ness.
Mr.. Macy said the labor
management program "is of
to a good start and shows
promise Of achieving the high
purposes for which 1t was con-
ceived."
I'VE find no reason to recon-
mend changes at this time" he
added.
In his report, Mr.. Macy said
that virtually all Government
agencies have co-operatec
wholeheartedly In the program
each implementing the pro.
gram with rules and regula-
tions. He said that most
Government and postal en-
ploye unions have met the
program with affirmative
acceptance"
Accepting the report, Presi-
dent Kennedy expressed hi,
great interest In the labor.
management program.
quite obviously the charac.
ter Of the relationship between
the Federal Government anc
It's employees will have great
impact on the effectiveness Of
the operations OF the Executive
Branch" the President said
~ hope that you and the other
department and agency head,
who participated In the evolu.
ton Of the Executive Ordei
and It's implementation viii
continue your efforts and thai
you will keep me advised or
the progress being made IN thi,
critical area"
Evening star., 1963-01-31

government shortly after the
Cuban crisis of last october.
The United States statement
said these talks have been ex-
ploratory in nature, and it add
ed bluntly:
THE Canadian government
has not as yet proposed any ar
rangement sufficiently practi-
cal to contribute effectively to
North American defense"
"The Soviet bomber fleet will
remain at least throughout this
decade a significant element in
the Soviet strike force" the
statement said. "An effective
continental defense against this
common threat is necessary. "
Evening star., 1963-01-31
KEATING
Continued From Page AL

Continued From Page AL
siles into Cuba" Senator
Heating said.
While the Soviets continue
to ship military equipment un-
der tight security conditions,
and to unload It at docking
points where outsiders are
vigorously excluded, Senator
Heating continued, "there is a
Semi-monthly passenger steam
ship service between Cuba and
Russia and a weekly nonstop
Moscow-Ha flight"
Difficult TO Spot
These provide ample facil-
tiles for the soviets to trans
port additional equipment To
their newest satellites under
conditions that might make
tight United States surveillance
difficult, II not impossible, he
added.
Senator Heating said he had
no idea the soviets were plan
ming to attack the United
States directly.
What they are planning to
do and are already doing, he
asserted, is to mount IAN in
creasing wave Of sabotage, ter
rorism, political subversion and
agitation throughout Latin
America"
Already riots In Venezuela,
Peru, and Brazil clearly and
demonstrably are the work Of
Communists trained and armed
in Cuba" he said.
Senator Heating warned of
a Soviet missile buildup in
Cuba last year before the ad-
ministration acknowledged evi-
dence of it and took action.
Evening star., 1963-01-31

observers looked for a revival
Of Mr.. Diefenbaker's successful
1858 Canada First" campaign,
which gave the Conservatives
a landslide victory. They lost
their majority last June, al
though remaining the largest
party in the House Of Com
mons.
Conservative campaigners are
expected to demand Of the elec-
torate: How do you like the
United States telling us what
we should do?"
The United States State De-
partment criticism yesterday
found the Diefenbaker govern
ment already under heavy fire
from opponents in Commons
for its hesitancy in reaching a
concrete decision on nuclear
warheads for its Bomarc mis-
siles in Canada and its bomb
ers flying for NATO in Europe
Contradictions Noted
The State Department in
effect contradicted Mr.. Diefen-
baker and Defense Minister
Douglas Harkness on a number
Of key points they had made
in Commons.
People of all political persua-
sions in Ottawa generally felt
the State Department went too
far. The statement was issued
while Mr. Diefenbaker was fly
ing to Toronto for a speech,
and he said on arrival he had
no knowledge Of the United
States action.
The Social Credit Party
leader. Robert Thompson, called
the American statement "a
bombshell to say the least-it
could be the spark TO topple
the government"
Liberal leader Lester B. Pear
son, chief OF the biggest opposi-
tion party, said he found II
surprising" that the United
States should issue such a
statement. But he blamed II
on what he said we're conflict
ing versions Of defense policy
given by Mr.. Diefenbaker and
Evening star., 1963-01-31
BY JOSEPH YOUNG
star staff Writer

The Governments new labor
MANAGEMENT program is prov
ing a decided membership
booster for the larger Govern
ment employe unions.
In contrast, the smaller and
weaker employe groups are
losing ground in membership,
These are the conclusions OF
the Civil Service Commissions
report TO President Kennedy on
the first anniversary Of the
new program which gives Of
ficial recognition and bargain
ing rights to Government and
postal employe unions.
While total Government en-
ploye union membership has
not Understandings at about
80 per cent OF the Federal pay
roll - the bigger Government
employe unions have made siz-
able and significant gains, csc
Chairman John Macy declared
Although the unions were moi
mentioned in the report, the
American Federation Of Gov.
ernment Employees as well as
most Of the postal employC
unions have gained member
ship during the past year. Also
such unions as the National
Maritime Union have made
membership inroads.
These membership gains have
not been sensational but have
been steady. Postal employt
Unions already have more thar
90 per cent Of all postal work.
ers organized. Federal white.
collar and blue-collar employC
unions are about 10 TO Is pei
cent organized, and It's in this
area that significant member
Evening star., 1963-01-31

ship gains are hoped for by
employe leaders.
The csc said the member
ship gains Of the larger en-
ploye unions have been offset
by the fact that some employe
groups did not qualify for rec
ognition under terms of the
executive order, hence lost
membership or had some of
their units go out of business.
Also, recognition was withheld
in several cases where there
was discrimination against
Negroes.
Although the csc did not
mention II In its report. such
groups as the independent Ma
tional Federation Of Federal
Employees, whose essentially
conseryative-type operation is
not geared 10 the exclusive
recognition feature OF the pro-
gram. have been hurt by Presi-
dent Kennedy's executive order.
In fact, the NFFE wants Con-
Igress 10 enact legislation re-
Ipealing the exclusive recogni-
ton feature Of the order. In
addition, the requirement that
in order 10 receive even formal
recognition a union unit must
have az least 10 per cent Of
eligible employees IN It's mem
bership has forced some Of the
weaker Government employe
union locals out Of existence or
decreased their membership.
Consequently, one significant
factor emerges from the CSC's
first-year report on the Gov
ernments labor MANAGEMENT
program,
The aggressive, progressive
unions will benefit under the
program, both IN greater in
ruenee and In increased mem
bership, although the program
Evening star., 1963-01-31
FARM
Continued From Page AL

Continued From Page Al
production quotas and impose
heavy penalties on overproduc-
ers. These programs would
have required producer ap-
proval at referendums.
Controls Unchanged
The President would leave
untouched legislation enacted
in 1888 authorizing mandatory
production controls on cotton
rice, tobacco and peanuts
Likewise, he made no control
proposals for livestock, poultry
fruits and vegetables-productS
now produced without any lin
itations.
Mr.. Kennedy left significant
details Of the program to be
worked out in consultations be-
tween Secretary Of Agriculture
Freeman and key members oi
the House and Senate-Repub-
licans as well as Democrats.
Administration officials said
this generalized approach was
adopted in an effort to avoid
/ getting involved in "blind al
ley" partisan or emotional con-
troversies that have begged
down detailed farm recommen-
dations in other years.
Expects Congress Bills
It was understood that the
administration hopes to avoic
drafting legislation of its own
preferring to support bills thai
might be introduced by men,
bers Of Congress If it finds
them meeting is objectives and
workable.
Officials estimated that pas
sage of cotton, feed grain and
dairy programs along the gen.
eral lines proposed today would
save the Government between
$500 million and $500 million
year-with the cotton pro-
gram costing more and the
other two less. Farm aid pro-
grams have been costing about
SO billion a year.
AS we'll as reducing surplus
stocks and Government spend
ing for supporting dairy prices,
officials figured that passage
of the dairy program would
mean a prompt cut of about 10
cents a pound in the price of
butter.
Other Recommendations
In addition to the produc-
ton control programs, Mr.
Kennedy recommended action
to:
l. Provide federally insured
loans for non-farm homes in
rural areas.
2. Extend the food stamp
program, enabling the needy to
buy food through regular COM
mercial channels by the use OF
food stamps Into all areas OF
the Nation where conditions
warrant"
3. Make vocational and other
educational training, mostly in
non-farm skills, available to
members of farm families who
are unable to finance such
training through other means
The President said temporary
feed grain legislation of the past
two years, which covers this
years crop, has been successful
in reducing surplus stocks.
But he said that unless
new legislation is enacted this
year, the feed grain program for
1864 automatically reverts to
unlimited excessive production
and disastrously low prices" He
said lit is imperative that action
Evening star., 1963-01-31

Sald laSJ nlgnJ, Jne CANADIAN
government has failed to come
up with a practical plan.
The statement said that
during recent secret negotia-
tions, Canada had failed to
propose any sufficiently prac-
tical" plan for arming its
forces with United States nu-
clear warheads to counter Rus
sia's nuclear-armed bomber
fleet.
To Publicize Views
The department said the
statement was issued in re-
sponse to questions asked here
about a debate on the nuclear
weapons issue in the Canadian
Parliament in recent days. But
it appeared that the United
States had seized the oppor-
tunity to put its own views
sharply on the public record.
The statement was free of
the roundabout diplomatic
language usually employed in
official comments on subjects
involving a friendly country.
1t is understood that WASH
ington authorities feel that
Canadian Prime Minister John
Diefenbaker-under criticism in
the House of Commons for not
acquiring United States nu-
clear weapons - had befogged
the issues as to create public
confusion about the problems
involved.
The declaration left no doubt
that in the judgment of the
United States, Canada should
acquire nuclear weapons under
a Joint control system to make
the North American defense
forces and its forces assigned
to NATO in Europe fully effec-
tive in the nuclear age.
u. S. Patience. Ends
The view in Ottawa was that
United States patience had run
out. They said the Kennedy
administration was willing to
take the risk of stirring up
anti-American reaction to press
home its point that Canada
must take a bigger part in
North American defense.
United States officials in
Washington could not predict
what effect the statement
would have on the debate in
Canada or on United States
Canadian relations. Presum-
ably they hoped that 1t would
advance the prospects for
agreement on nuclear weapons
Evening star., 1963-01-31
Head of Army College
Assigned to Pentuqon
BY the Associated Press

Maj. Gen. Harold K. john
son, commandant of the Army's
Command and General Staff
College at Fort Leavenworth,
Kans., has been assigned to
the Pentagon effective next
month.
The Army said Gen. Johnson
will serve under the Deputy
Chief Of Staff for Military
Operations. There was no i'm
mediate announcement on a
replacement for Gen. johnson
at Fort Leavenworth.
Evening star., 1963-01-31
III. S. Tells Conodions
They Need A-Weopons
BY JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
Associated Press staff Writer

The United States, in blunt note Canada says its
defense forces should be equipped with nuclea weapons
Although North American defense systems using nuclea
capable weapons necessary effective protection
against Russas nucear bomber fleet State Department
Evening star., 1963-01-31
Conodiun Rejection
OF u. S. Criticism Seen

OTTAWA, Jan. 81 (AP).-Prime Minister John Diefen-
bakers Conservative government will its par
hamentay majority by rejecting United Government
criticism OF Canadas failure to arm with nucear weapons
informed political sources predicted today.
With general election expected BY spring noltcal
Evening star., 1963-01-31

for Canada. The next move
appears to be up to Ottawa.
The nuclear weapons issue
has become a problem in
Canadian domestic politics. In
such circumstances a United
States Government declaration
is highly unusual. In Ottawa,
there was widespread specula-
ton the United States criticism
would spark a general election
call and a campaign fought on
nuclear defense issues.
Goes Back to 1858
The State Department re-
ported that United States
Canadian negotiations on nu-
clear weapons for the Canadian
armed forces have been under
way during "the past two or
three months" but it said the
issue goes back to 1858 when
the Canadian government de-
cided to adopt the Bomarc-B
weapons systems.
! The Bomarc-B missile is not
designed to carry a conven-
tional warhead, the statement
said. which means it is designed
for nuclear warheads.
The installation Of two
Bomarc-B batteries without nu-
clear warheads was completed
in Canada last year.
But the question Of providing
nuclear warheads for the mis-
siles and for other weapons
systems acquired by Canada is
still unsettled, the United
States statement said.
Jet Problems, Too
The problem Of missiles with
out nuclear warheads is paral-
leled, the statement continued,
by the problem Of modern su-
personic jet interceptors III the
Canadian Air Force.
Without nuclear air defense
warheads," the State Depart
ment declared, they operate at
far less than their full poten-
tial effectiveness"
The statement apparently
meant on this point that the
supersonic Jets can carry either
conventional or nuclear air to
air missiles and that so far
they have only conventional
arms.
The latest round OF discus
sions on nuclear weapons for
Canadian forces in Canada and
in Europe was started at the
suggestion of the Canadian
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-06
Pilot Fined $500;
Air Negligence
Case Neurs End
BY the Associated Press

The Federal Aviation Agency
has all but closed out the East
ern Air Lines cockpit-photog-
raphy case,
FAA records showed yester-
day that Harry Idol, of South
Farmingdale, N. Y, has paid a
$500 fine for lack of vigilance
as co-pilot on Eastern's flight
5s7 on May 20. 1860. Mr.. Idol
denied being inattentive. how
ever.
Last December the FAA iden-
titled II pilots, from photo
graphs taken surreptitiously by
an Eastern flight engineer, as
having been caught mapping OF
reading, or permitting steward
eSSeS 10 lily the plane.
Eight OF them were fined $500
each, two $500 each, and one
$500. They were permitted to
pay the penalties In INSTALL
ments.
One remaining pilot has not
yet been identified publicly
The FAA said 1t had fined Is
altogether.
The FAA noted that the In
eliminating pictures were taken
In 1859. 1860 and 1861 and
withheld until the owner pro-
duced them at the end of q
bitter labor controversy.
The agency said the evidence
therefore was stale" and from
q competing source in con-
troversy between two unions
and MANAGEMENT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-06
House Hears Ship Lines
Back Labor Arbitration

tional interest is aged
when strikes cause shippers to
turn to foreign flag vessels to
carry their cargo.
Under the bill proposed by
Mr.. Bonner the President could
appoint an emergency fact
finding board after normal col
lective bargaining and Federal
mediation efforts failed.
so Days for Mediation
The board would report in
seven days. After that the Pres
ident could dismiss the board
or else declare an emergency
and order work to continue
while giving the board up to
80 days to encourage further
bargaining and mediation. Aft
er that the President could
name a national arbitration
board whose findings within so
days would be binding on both
parties.
In opening the hearings Mr.,
Bonner said existing law has
not been adequate to deal with
the type Of problem exemplified
by the recent dock strike and
a series of other disputes in
the maritime industry in re-
cent years which reached the
magnitude Of Gripping nation
al emergencies"
Representative Green, Demo-
crat Of Oregon, a COMMITTEES
member, said she feared COM
pulsory arbitration might set q
pattern for other industries.
She said such q solution takes
away labor's basic weapon--the
right to strike-without SINH
larly penalizing MANAGEMENT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-06
Envoy to BruziI
Quizzed at Length
By House Group

Lincoln Gordon, United States
Ambassador to Brazil, was
quizzed at length yesterday be-
hind closed doors by a House
subcommittee investigating Gu
ban subversion in Latin Amer
lea.
A committee source said the
session covered a wide range Of
topics, from q Communist
oriented peasant movement in
Brazil's impoverished Northeast,
to a Brazilian states expropria-
ton of an American telephone
company, to why Brazil main
tains diplomatic relations with
Cuba.
Representative Selden, DEM
ocrat Of Alabama, chairman Of
the Inter- american Affairs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-06
By the AasocIaled Press

Two shipping line officials
have Endorsed a proposal for
compulsory arbitration to set
tie maritime labor disputes
when all other methods fail.
The Endorsements came yes
terday as the House Merchant
Marine Com mittee opened
hearings on bills by Chairman
Bonner, Democrat of North
Carolina, and others.
Mentioned frequently during
the first day of testimony was
the strike by the international
Longshoremen's ASSOCIATE
which shut down Gulf and East
Coast ports for more than a
month this winter.
I have reached q decision
to support mutually binding
arbitration as the only road
left TO take when q dead-end
street offers no other turmoil"
James A. Farrell, jr,, president
Of Farrell Lines. Inc. said.
In Public Interest
Noting that arbitration would
be invoked only by the Presi-
dent In the public interest, Mr.
Farrell said the proposal is mot
to be considered pro-manage-
ment or pro-labor, but solely
pro-public."
John M. Franklin, boarC
chairman of United states
Lines Co.. told the committee
that while he basically is op.
posed to compulsory arbitra.
ton. the public interest mus
be considered.
Mr.. Franklin said the na.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-06

Subcommittee, said Mr.. Cor
don presented a general state
ment on United States Brazil
ian relations, as well as on
Cuban subversion in that
country.
He said he hoped TO release
a censored version Of the tes-
timony next week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-06

The subcommittee today
winds up three weeks Of hear
ings on Communist activities
in the hemisphere, with Edwin
Martin. Assistant Secretary Of
State for Inter-American AZ
fairs, returning to testify. Mr..
Martin had testified early In
the hearings.