davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-29
All Sides Found Impressed With Need
For New Look After De GouiIe Move

behavior OF American allies
are not confined alone TO
France.
During all the postwar
years Americans have borne
heavy expenses for the gen.
eral defense Of the West
and economic aid to dis
tressed nations. The COM
Portable assumption has
operated that no matter how
difficult or tiresome a given
ally might be at any one
time. all the West shared
common ideals OF freedom
and common purposes.
Now those who led for that
policy and accepted the as
sumption are questioning the
assumption and feel the need
10 re-examine the policy.
What is taking place here
and promises 10 continue are
not emotional episodes. II is
the effort Of responsible men
TO find out, In Lincoln's
words. where we are and
whittier we are tending so
that we might better know
what 10 do.
The President made II
plain that he could not see
reason In Gen. de Gaulle's
actions. Senator Fulbright
said bluntly that they had
Evening star., 1963-01-29
A Protest Against Attenuation

"The big millionaires that
run things seem to think
everybody has got money. I
wish they'd come into my
house and see. I hope you
can see part of this and help
the folks that is sick and re-
tired and out Of work."
This man speaks a Ian
guage, and sentiments, held
by perhaps 10 million Ameri-
cans. They are not well edu-
Gated. They retired, or have
been long out of work because
their skills are no longer
needed. They may be coal
miners, or they may be those
who did the labor Of keeping
the railroad yards and
switches clear of snow. They
are mostly middle-aged or
elderly. They are not likely
to work regularly again. So
cial Security takes care Of
them. Others are not old
enough. But they are in
need.
There are, paradoxically.
several hundred thousand
teen-agers and young men
and women in their early
twenties who also are, in the
true sense, unemployable.
Some Of these can be trained
and saved. For others the
only answer is some sort Of
youth work camps to do
jobs that need to be done.
The voices Of these persons
speaking out of the misery
Of bare subsistence, out of ig-
norance Of the true condi-
tions, but aware Of their own
everyday needs, are not loudly
vocal. But they are there.
And a civilized nation, COM
mitted to morality, cannot
refuse to hear.
tAll Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1963-01-29
DORIS FLEESON

An examination Of the
contrast between American
foreign policy ideals and
some current pressing reali-
ties abroad is breaking out
here by a kind Of spontane-
Gus combustion.
President Kennedy is not
resisting II; he is joining
In IL. He has the full support
OF the thoughtful. moderate
chairman OF the Senate For
eign Relations Committee,
Senator Fulbright. and Sem
ate Majority Leader Mans
field.
Senator Hickenlooper,
ranking Republican on the
Fulbright committee. is null
ling over an approach TO the
same problem. His remarks
will be enormously important
from the standpoint OF what
can be expected from the
loyal opposition.
Both the President and
Sen. Fulbright have ad-
dressed themselves TO Gen.
de Gaulle already with no
attempt to conceal the
alarm and impatience he
has caused them by his inn
perious attitudes. But the
distressing realities in the
Evening star., 1963-01-29
Misery of Bare Subsistence Stirs Protest
For the Unemployed and Retired
RALPH McGHL

A letter from a large in
dustrial city in the Midwest
will serve as a text. It was
written in pencil on both
sides Of loose-leaf notebook
paper commonly used by
high school students. The
spelling and sentence con-
struction indicate about a
fifth-grade education. For
eign aid. for example, is
spelled form aid" The word
remember is spelled "rimin-
ber." The phrase, elderly
persons, is rendered as "eld-
rie people,"
Yet, the letter is deeply
sincere. 1t is written out Of
bitterness, Illustration. It re-
veals a dismaying lack Of
understanding Of the issues
and the facts. It was inspired
by a column discussing a
man put out Of a Job driving
the big automobile delivery
trailers by the development
Of railroad flatcars which do
the job cheaper and in much
greater volume. The writer
says Of himself that he was
retired in 1857. He was at
that time a union man. He
pours out, in six large pages,
his resentment and reveals
his lamentable lack Of in
formation, his acceptance Of
untruths and half-truths, his
resentment of "the rich"
automation, unions" and
his belief that few persons,
indeed, are interested in such
as he. He and his letter are
important because they, in
fact, do speak for the disen-
chanted, and the resentmentS
he feels. His misspelling is
reproduced not in any sense
to mock him but to enable
us to have a better picture
Of him and what he has to
say.
Il have a son." he wrote,
that was working for the
N. Y. Central and he hasn't
worked only off and on for
about a year. They (the rail-
roads, keep laying men off
the reason for this is they
keep adding automatic
machines. Even in the winter
where they used to have Is
and 20 men to keep the yards
clean they only have one
man and a machine that
Evening star., 1963-01-29
ERIC sEVAREID

Labor unions were once de.
scribed as institutions that
combine the characteristics
OF an army, a business and a
town meeting. Most Of them,
most Of the time, are simply
a business, and few are town
meetings, any more, since
they are inherently undemo-
cratic, almost as much so as
a corporation.
1t is their performance as
"armies" that has currently
frayed public nerves, severely
damaged the national eco
nomy, raised congressional
tempers and produced the
prospect of a drive for restric-
tive legislation, which the
Kennedy administration can
hardly wish to see happen,
for two reasons: 1t would di-
vert the Congress from other
vital tasks and, If 1868
is a bad year for labor peace,
it could produce new laws
more restrictive of union &C
tions than a Democratic ad-
ministration could easily live
with.
Amending Taft-Hartley so
that presidential fact-finding
boards may make specific
though not binding recon-
mendations is likely to be a
weak weapon, as labor and
management forces are now
shaping up for battle, and
about the only defense line to
fall back upon after that
would be compulsory arbitra-
tion in strikes of national
concern, an idea that enjoys
no vast popularity with either
side. It is a little hard to see
how antitrust laws applied
to unions could be much
more effective than the same
laws as now applied to COM
panies, however jocular the
notion may be that today's
unions are private. volun-
tary associations"
But the chief Of the Fed
eral Mediation Service is
surely correct in his forecast
Of an unpeaceful year ahead.
Evening star., 1963-01-29
DAVID LAWRENCE

Maybe the Government
should practice what it
breaches. A tax cut has been
heralded as a means Of stim-
ulating the volume Of busi-
ness done. which could mean
more Treasury receipts.
II this is so, maybe the
Government should try out
the same doctrine in the Post
Office Department, which is
one Of the largest single
businesses in the world.
Thus. the special-delivery
stamp, which now is 30 cents,
could be reduced in a three
phase program that would
bring the price down first to
20 cents and then to is and
then to 10 cents. It could
make money for the Govern
ment and help reduce the
deficit. Any suggestions to
help overcome deficits should
be especially welcome now
adays.
Back in 1868, when the
special delivery fee was 20
cents, there were ia million
Of these stamps sold that
year, but the 1862 sale was
a little less than 80 million.
In 1857, the special delivery
stamp was increased from 20
cents to 30 cents, and the
volume started downward for
1858. The total sales figure
since has never approached
what it was in the years be-
tween 1858 and 1857. The
revenues, moreover, have
fluctuated. They were $36
million in 1862 as against
$35 million in 1864 gain
of only 81 million in four
years.
This IS an example Of how
sudden and steep price in
creases have hurt the busi-
ness volume in one kind Of
mail. Price-making has often
been said to be the biggest
single factor in the success
Of a business which sells a
product to a large number Of
customers. 1t will be recalled
that the U. S. Steel Corp.
executives in April 1862
wanted to increase prices by
only three-tenths Of a cent
a pound-the first price in
crease in three years, during
which their wage costs had
gone up each year-but Pres
ident Kennedy called this
Evening star., 1963-01-29
A Social Revolution for Labor

organized one-third of the
American work force, but this
proportion is now falling and
its enlightened leaders now
frankly speak in terms of a
crisis" for the movement.
Some Of them reason that
any institution that does not
grow bigger is bound to grow
smaller (the operating prin-
ciple in business today and
they are issuing rallying
campaigns.
1t is possible to be skep-
tical about this, possible to
believe that automation can
not in the end be resisted
and that, short of a serious
depression and mass unem-
ployment, the high point Of
union organization is already
behind us. Surely the funda-
mental requirement is for
new training and re-training
in the skills increasingly in
demand, an area in which
some labor leaders have
demonstrated more imagin-
ative awareness than most
of management.
Already. the majority Of
the American work force are
white collar people; steadily,
we become a semi-standard-
lied, middle class society.
The old attraction Of labor
leadership with it's idealistic
ethos no longer attracts. In
my college generation, gen.
erous minded, socially con-
scious graduates wanted ito
be in the labor movement"
Today their counterparts
head for the Peace Corps.
The unions themselves, from
simple, successful existence,
exert their energies in CEN
tripetal. not centrifugal di-
rections, like all bureaucra-
cies. AS ]. A. Beirne Of the
Communications Workers has
put it-with the world in
ferment, American trade
unions are quiescent.
Labor as a power center
loses force, but management
is not likely to absorb this
force. 1t will surely go to the
third element in this troika,
government.
CAN Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1963-01-29
Clay Blair Named
Sutevepost Editor

NEW YORK, Jan. 20 (AP).-
Clay Blair. jr., a vice president
Of the Curtis Publishing Co.,
has been named editor-in-chief
of the Saturday Evening Post.
He will assume the duties of
Robert Sherrod, who has been
editor of the magazine for 10
months.
Curtis, which publishes the
Evening star., 1963-01-29

keeps the snow and ice melt
ed away. These researchers
you write about don't know
the half Of 1t. Not everybody
can get a good education and
that is not the full answer
any more than saying every
body can be rich. The way
things are changing skills
run out as fast as a man
learns them.
you take a skilled arc
welder for enstance. A ma
chine now does the work Of 10
men and it takes no great
skill to run the machine. I
worked 35 years for General
Motors and I have seen these
things happen.
Some Of the things that
is wrong is people holding
down two jobs. Another
thing is all the overtime. Also
there are women working
whose husbands work. Also I
have heard about emigrants
coming to this country and
taking Jobs. I read in the
paper about 18 emigrants
from West Berlin getting
jobs. That don't seem right.
You don't see no good Ameri-
cans giving up their homes to
go work in other countries.
/ call such people traitors.
The country has laws against
momopilia monopoly. Why
can the big companies put in
machines to comolopise the
labor force. I was a union
man for % years. When it
first started it done good. But
they got mixed up with poll
tics and racketeers. If a COM
pany can put in a machine it
does.
ALSO Medicare won't help
a man like me. You got to
pay in to get help. A lot Of
people can't pay in. / have
been under a doctor for seven
years and have spent every
thing. II 1t (Medicare) is to
do the eldrie any good 1t will
have to pay all.
Evening star., 1963-01-29

magazine, announced yesterday
that Mr.. Sherrod win become
the Posts editor-at-large, head
ing a task force of writer's,
artists and photographers to
prepare articles on major
events throughout the world.
The announcement said the
shift was Mr.. Sherrod's idea.
Mr.. Blair will remain as
editorial director of all Curtis
magazines-the Post, Ladies
Home Journal, Holiday, the
American Home and Jack and
Jill.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
YOUR HEALTH
DIET: OVERWEIGHT
UNDERWEIGHT

Obesity is a disease" These
words of one of my medical pro-
fessors are confirmed daily by
the overweight patients l see
in the office. The cause of the
overeating may be very COM
plex, involving the eating habits
of a family or the likes and dis
likes of an individual. They
may be symptoms of neurosis
or merely the symptom of an
unhappy, lonely person.
The insurance statisticians
know that a person IS per cent
or more under average weight
is the one who will live the
longest. There aren't very
many fat elderly people.
The correction of obesity is
primarily a problem of educat-
ing the patient to a new way of
life. This requires a good re-
lationship between patient and
physician. The patient must
have constant supervisors, con-
tinuous helps and encourage
ment. Diet, Of course, is very i'm
portant. This must be individ-
ualized and carefully controlled.
The rash of fad diets are for
the most part only to be con-
demned. The Importance of a
we'll balanced diet, eaten at reg
ular times cannot be overem-
pasized. Even on the most strict
reducing diet, there are essen
tial elements of food which our
bodies require to function prop
erly. This is why fad diets
can be so harmful.
Underweight is very distress
ing to the individual, but in the
vast majority of cases is not
problem for the physician. Un-
derweight may be a symptom of
an underlying disease. This is
more possible when there is
sudden or steady loss of weight
A thorough physical examina-
ton is always indicated. Very
often underweight can be cor
rected by proper diet. EATING
habits may be faulty. On the
other hand, there is the patient
who eats heartily but fails tc
gain any weight. There arc
drugs, which, under carefr'
medical supervision, can adj
good, solid pounds to this typo
of person.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
JFk Receives
AmEZ Bishops
At White House

The bishops of the A. M. E.
Zion Church were received in a
special audience at the White
House on Thursday, September
5, by President John F. Ken
nedy, as they prepared to cele-
brate the denominations OBJ
servances of the Emancipation
Centennial.
A Freedom Parade on Satur-
day, September z, preceded the
celebrations which cover Sep
tember 1 - September 13. The
parade is made up of Floats
from fourteen districts of the
First Episcopal area and from
various fraternal and civic or
ganizations. Also included in
the march will be units from
the Department of Sanitation,
drum corps, color guards and
representatives of all churches
Of the denomination.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
Mass Sit-ins
Continued From Page Onel

under mobile claSSroomS which are
symbols of segregation to Chicago
Negroes. The policemen let them
alone until the children tIegan
Kicking down heavy wooden parti-
tions. Then officers grabbed the
arms of two boys and hurried
them toward paddy wagon.
Persons in the crowd behind the
barricade began shouting Don't
1urt that childl' Don't hit that
child with your club" Three adults,
two of them white, tried to inter-
fere and were taken into custody.
The Northern demonstrations
were all in protest against what
civil rights leaders called de fac
to segregation in the schools.
1t was the second consecutive
year that Englewood schools have
opened to the accompaniment of
mass demonstrations.
In Boston, five Negroes and one
white person stood or sat near
the entrance to the offices of the
The Boston sit liners charged
con Hill. The Negroes. led by the
National Association for the Ad-
yancement of Colored People Ma
ACP, said they expected to be ar
rested during the first hours OF
the sit in.
The Boston sit inners charged
the s1aool committee had not
shown good faith" in implement
Ing a, pupil Sttansfer., plan. an !
nounced Wednesday. Some Chic
ago Negroes making similar
charges sent their children to,
hastily organized freedom school"
on the city's South side rather
than to public schools which they
said were segregated.
In Piainfield, more than 100 Ne
gro children and parents took part
~ = st In at the washington
Elementary School in protest
against pupil reassignment plan.
More than 30 NAAC.P pickets
around the building In
the second week of demonstrations
at the school.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
DR.. Dubois
CONTINUED From Pace One,

Continued From Page One)
In the ceremony. A national
state of mourning was declared
since DR.. Dubois had renounc-
ed his American citizenship
and become a citizen of Ghana
DR.. William Edward Burghardt
Dubois was founder OF the Pan
African Congresses and one of the
tncotporators of the National AS
socistion for the Advancement Of
.sCoiored People (NAACP).
Dubois, a longtime advocate Of
civil rights for Negroes in the Unit
/ ed States. was author Of many
I about Negroes. He was editor-in-
chief of the Encyclopedia on the
Negro. ls33-45, and at the time of
his death was working on an En-
cyclopedia Africana.
AZ former American citizen. DR..
Dubois was born in Great Barring
ton. Mass. FEB. %, 1858. Just five
years after the signing OF the
Emancipation Proclamation by
Abraham Lincoln. He had lived in
Ghana the last few years and re-
Gently became q citizen OF Gharla.
y DR.. Dubois death was announc-
ed with deep regret" In q govern
u1ent statement. Meanwhile, Chan
alan. pickets demonstrated In front
,,o1 the q. 8. Embassy here In SYM
| pathy Of the Washington march for
civil rights.
Dubois engaged in a long stand
ing and sometime bitter fued with
another famous Negro, Booker T.
Washington. Dubois was an advo-
cate OF classical education and diSa-
greed with Washington'S theory
that Negroes could elevate them
selves. by their own boostraps
through trade training.
He was member of the Ameri-
can National Institute of Arts and
Letters, Knight Commander of the
Liberian Order of African Redemp-
ton and was United States special
envoy to Liberia In 1923.
He was professor of Greek and
Latin, Wilberforce university, 1884,
96; assistant instructor, University
OF Pennsylvania, 1867, and pro-
lessor OF economics and history at
Atlanta university l897-l9I0. From
l9lO-44, he was head of the sociol-
ogy department at Atlanta.
DR.. Dubois was director of pub
licationS of the NAACP and editor
founder of Crisis magazine, the
NAACP journal, 1902. He was
vice chairman of the Council on
African Affairs. l949-54: editor of
Phylon quarterly review, 1904.
and recipient of the Lenin Inter
national Peace Prize, 1883
DR.. Dubois was the son of Alfred
Dubois, a Negro, and Mary (Burg-
hardD Dubois, of French Huguenot
and Dutch descent.
Supposedly a member of the
Communist Party at the time of
his death. DR.. Du BoiS had been
associated with a number OF leftist
movements while a U. S. resident
He was indicted In 1851 AS ali Of
ijcer of the reformation Center OF
New York City, ne was charged
III failure to rcgiste. with the
government eS a foreign agent.
The government charged the CEN
ter was cngs3el in Soviet rropa-
ganda. Later that year. a federal
judge acquitted all the defendants.
DR.. Dubois IS survived by his
his widow, author Shirley Graham,
who was living here with him and
daughter, Mrs. Nina Yolande Will
liams of Baltimore born of his first
marriage.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
Bank Pays $24, 700
To Fired UniOnist

Vancouver, B. c. The
Bank of Montreal has made
an Out-Of-cOurt settlement of
$24, ,794 to M. w. Buck, an
official Of the bank for n
years prior to his dismissal
in October 1861 during . un-
ion organizing drive at the
branch here.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
PERSONAL BRAND

Want a personal brand with
which you can burn your initials
into a gear for inexpensive but
permanent identification. Here's
the easy way to do it. Just file
the coil of a cigarette lighter
with whatever sign or symbol
you desire. Then heat lighter
and press. Filed portion doesn't
make contact, leaves an indelible
mark in the center of burn.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
CLIO BAL
PORT R ATS
BY LOU LuTOUR

Back in New York after a
most wonderful Caribbean
Cruise which included a trip
to Bermuda where your own
Lou LuTour and a group of
AZ with Tour Leader, Lola Nc
Combs had opportunity to learn
about the Bermuda Recorder
which always carries our Por-
traits salutes. And some time
in the future we will salute
some of our Bermuda friends
who are making great contri-
buttons in various fields includ-
ing radio and other communica-
ton media.
Today our salute goes to the
very charming, talented, and
dynamic Florence M. Monroe
the president of our New York
Chapter of AWRT (American
Women in Radio and TV) whose
duties as TV Supervisor of
WNYE, New York City Board
of Education are doing much to
keep our schools here in NYC
before the listening and view
ing public And we can be
assured that from Florence
Monroe's background she is well
prepared to do the fine job she
is doing over at WYNE a
graduate of New York Univ
ersity, BS degree cum laude.
an MA also from New York
U, and advance study at both
Fordham and Columbia Univ
ersity.
Her professional experience
reads like an interesting book
stage manager, Washington
Square Players and actress with
the Chancel Players. In radio
she has been actress, assistant
director of "This Is Our Story"
(WWRL) and Producer-Direc-
tor, WNYE. In TV other than
being Supervisor with WNYE,
her experiences have been
Creator and Associate Producer
Telvy and Me, WCBS-TV; Ex-
ecutive Producer The Living
Blackboard, 1957-58 series WP-
TX; Creator and Associate Pro-
ducer On The Carousel, VIC
BS-TV; Mistress of Ceremonies
New York Calendar, WPIX;
Creator and Producer To
Build a Nation, WCBS-TV; Gre
ator Book Detectives (Wond-
derama) WABD; Producer :
The Living Blackboard, 1851
1855 series, WPIX; Script
Writer-WABD; TV Technician
(mikeboom operator, camera
man) WABD, Dumont and Pro-
duction Asst. RKO TV Pro-
ductions. She has also made
many outstanding guest appear
ances which are noteworthy of
mention, but due to limited
space we can not elaborate on
these.
Miss Monroe has to her Gre
dit also experience in the bus
mess and teaching fields which
have merited her special hon
ors.
As well as being President
of the N. Y. Chapt. of AWRT,
she IS a member of the Board
of Directors, a member of the
Academy of TV Arts and Scien-
ces, the Natl. Asso. of Educa-
tional Broadcaters, the N. Y.
State Educational TV and Radio
Asso., Kappa Delta Pi and
Delta Pi and Delta Zeta Sorori-
lies. So you can see that this
wonderful personality, Florence
NJ. Monroe deserves this salute.
Let US leave this with YOU
today "Be ready when the op-
oortunity comes.
It's Global Portraits -GPO
Box 672 New York
New York.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
SMOKE FREE FRYING

Oh, the smarting of eyes, the
shouts of protest, the downright
misery as smoke from your fry
ing pan chases you around the
campfire. Why go through this
when there is a simple way to
stop it. Like this: After main
campfire is built, transfer a little
OF it to a smaller fire pit, several
feet away from main area. Four
rocks support frying pan. TINY
fire made from small stuff IS
easily controllable. You have
less smoke and it isn't right un-
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14
OUTDOOR TIPS
from the Ancient Age Sp

SURE FIRE FIRE STARTER
A small propane torch of the
kind that's so popular these days
works as an auxiliary stove and
doubles as a neat fire starter.
Just hold her in position and
blaze away. Presto! A blaze,
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14

solder on a suitable piece of wire
coat hanger for handle. You've
got a good dipper for shifting
the last few grains of powder on
to your weighing scale.
Jackson advocate., 1963-09-14

tion.
The commendable record of
cooperation with Negroes by
Mosby Milk entities it to this
just consideration. To accord it
less, would mean we will be
guilty of the very charge that
has been made.