davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-29
Junior Colleges Fate

In The Stars account of
the halting Of construction
of the new Montgomery
County Junior College, ] was
shocked to learn that an
anonymous letter written to
the board of education by a
member of the Takoma Park
Junior College was instru-
mental in influencing the de-
cision to possibly scuttle this
all-important project.
Your newspaper states:
Board President Charles w.
Bell concurred with Mr..
Woodward and said a sus-
pension and committee report
in June would be in order.
He read a letter from q fac
ulty member Of the Takoma
Park college, whom he did
not name, which said that
of the 2,400 full and part
time students now enrolled,
not more than one fourth
are college material"
What is incredible about
this is that a man in the
responsible position of decid-
ing the educational future Of
thousands of Montgomery
County youth has accepted as
the truth a generalization
from one anonymous letter
by a teacher at the junior COL
lege and apparently did moth
ing to verify the statements
made In the letter.
What Mr.. Bell is undoubt-
edly unaware Of Is this: The
letter was written by a bitter,
disgruntled member of the
Takoma Park faculty. who is
so obsessed by the fact that
Montgomery Junior Colleges
admission standards are not
as selective as Amherst or
Williams that he is totally
blind to the realities which
face higher education in
Montgomery County in the
coming years. His statement
that mot more than one
fourth Of the students" at
the college "are college ma
terial" is completely false.
Montgomery Junior Colleges
academic standards are as
high, as any college in the
area, and in some instances
higher. Considering these
standards, If the caliber Of
the student were as low as the
anonymous letter says 1t is,
the failure rate would be so
high that the college would
cease to exist.
Perhaps eventually the new
board will have the necessary
information at hand to make
IN ortant decisions wisely.
Arthur Risley.
Evening star., 1963-01-29
Student Problems

For the past three years I
have been working closely
with District schools, from ell
ementary to senior high
schools, as a psychologist
consultant. My work has been
part Of a research grant sub
sidized by the National In
stitute Of Mental Health and
sponsored by the Washington
School Of Psychiatry, and di-
rected by DR.. Fritz Redi and
myself. We have sought to
help school staff. principals,
counselors. teachers, ETC., to
understand, deal with and
program for children whose
behavior and outlook are dis
turbed or disturbing.
AS In any large urban
school system with a growing
and mobile population, the
Districts problems are many
and varied. Over-crowding,
understanding, insufficiently
trained teachers, poor equip
ment, slow learners, under
achievers, actual and poten-
tial dropouts. neglect Of the
gifted-all these are problems
not unique to the District,
nor are the problems Of the
socio-economically deprived
or the unfaYored minorities.
What is unique is that the
District schools. for good or
for Ill, are the Nations show
case. Yet the support given
them is as meager as the crit
icism heaped upon them is
great. For professional school
staff from administrators and
principals down, to tackle the
problems of their own lacks
in order to meet more sue
cessfully the needs of the slow
learner, the school misfit, the
wasting talents requires fl
nancial and moral support.
Without it school staff ded-
ication and ardor (which is
greaD can degenerate to
apathy and despair of which
there is already too much.
AS for the city's youth. ed
ucators and mental health
people agree that If by disci-
pline one means only rules,
regulations and punishment,
one achieves at best q tenn
porary compliance that
breaks under pressure or van
ishes with the last school bell.
Genuine discipline has to do
with caring, with goals, with
values. To care, one needs to
be cared about. To have goals,
one needs to have a chance
to achieve them. To develop
values, one needs to be
valued. Courtesy and respect
never grow where people are
Evening star., 1963-01-29
The Manly Debt We Owe Britain
Arthur Risley.

tional conflicts as us. This
did not hinder British for
eign policy's serving Britain's
own selfish purposes else
where in the world. In Eu-
rope, Franco German dis
unity through the years en-
sured England's superior posi-
ton in worldwide competi-
ton for power and influ-
ence. To this end. she has
fought against whoever was
likely to succeed in dominat-
ing or uniting Europe. In
carrying out this fight she
has successfully deployed the
United States.
In viewing England's pres
ent dilemma as regards en-
trance into the Common
Market IL is well to take into
account her actions In the
more recent past. When IL
was formed, England
spurned an invitation TO
membership In no uncertain
terms and organized her own
union-the outer seven. Had
this been successful her age
old objective would have
once more been attained: a
divided Europe. II is only
after this second union
failed that she decided TO
join the highly successful
Common Market. Once again
she Is doing the about-face
and Joining the faction she
has been unable 10 defeat.
This is being accomplished
In the same tried and tested
way: by deploying United
States pressure on Benelux,
Italy and Germany for ac-
ceptance she will shake the
unity OF this up-to-now solid
union sufficiently TO either
dissolve II or get herself
admitted.
Collectively then, less
poetic and less pathetic as
II may be, II is clear that
II is our cousins" who owe
US a manly debt.
Rudolph &. Frank.
Evening star., 1963-01-29

Oceanographic Institution.
The source Of the sub
stance remains unknown, &C
cording to the report Of DR..
j. T. Saz, chief of the medi-
cal section of the institution.
Effective treatment Of
penicillin resistant staph-
yloccocal infections" says his
report, has been q major
problem in medicine. We
have made some observations
which indicate that at least
a significant part Of the anti
bacterial activity Of sea wa
ter can be ascribed to the
presence Of a pound
which has a marked lethality
against germ positive organ
tsms. ...
1.-TWO theories have been
advanced focusing on either
physical or biological causes.
Proponents Of the physical
explanation ascribe the ac-
tivity as being due to such
factors as presence or abb
sence of dissolved gases.
Those favoring the biologi-
cal thesis have considered the
production of antibiotic- like
substances by marine organ
isms.
THE results reported are
only beginning but enough
already is known TO make It
clear that the seas indeed
present METEOROLOGICAL prob
lens of primary Importance"
- AS
United States Geological
Survey engineers now have
completed mapping approxi-
mately 100000 square miles
Of the surface Of the moon.
An additional 100000 square
miles now is under the map
ping process.
Surface Features Mapped
The complete program calls
for a map of approximately
20 million square miles.
roughly equal 10 the North
American continent. The map
includes all reported surface
features-Such as mountains,
deep valleys and the dark flat
areas known as seas" al
though they contain no wa
ter which long since must
have evaporated from the lu-
mar surface.
During the mapping proc
eSS tne survey astrogeologtsts
are carrying on model lab
oratory experiments involv-
ing impact OF high speed
pellets on a surface under con-
ditions similar TO those which
probably exist on the moons
surface. These show that
when fragments OF meteors
ranging In size from marbles
TO large boulders strike the
lunar surface fine particles
are thrown off the moon the
accumulation OF which over
the millenniums constitutes
interplanetary dust.
Evening star., 1963-01-29

Rockefeller took over from q
Democratic administration
a huge budget-on q pay-as-
you-go system. And Gov.
Rockefeller was reelected
last November for another
four-year term. Republican
Gov. William w. Scranton of
Pennsylvania, who defeated
his Democratic opponent,
former Mayor Richardson
Dilworth OF Philadelphia, by
more than 100000 votes,
charged during the cam
paign that the State had
been running into debt
during Democratic Gov. Dave
Lawrence's incumbency and
that the State payrolls had
been padded for political rea-
sons. Republican Gov. George
w, Romney Of Michigan is
wrestling with the States fl
nances after IA years Of DEM
ocratic administration, when
at times the State govern
ment was in dire financial
straits.
In Ohio, Republican Gov.
James A. Rhodes, who has
displaced Democratic Gov.
Michael Disable, has had
the States financial situa-
ton investigated by two pri-
vate accounting firms. Their
reports show that Ohio is
more than $S3 million In
debt. He and his finance
director are laying plans to
slash expenditures affecting
all State departments by
some 81 per cent. This, they
believe, will bring the budget
in balance with income from
State taxes. If the slash in
spending works out, there
will probably be no reason
for asking increases in taxes
which have already been
high under Democratic rule.
States Do Better Job
Outside Of paying a COM
paratively small proportion
of the cost of maintaining
the National Guard, the
States do not have a finan-
cial burden for national de-
fense, which is the biggest
item in the Federal budget,
which this year has been sub
mitted to Congress by Presi-
dent Kennedy, calling for
$98.8 billion. Nevertheless,
the States have on the whole
done a better Job Of financ-
ing their governments. Fed
eral expenditures for Govern
ment and the resulting defi-
cit spending and national
debt are by no means attrib-
utable only to national de-
fense items. The expenditures
for all the civil agencies
and services have grown rap
idly as the Government has
expanded tremendously
and is still expanding. The
President has asked for 36,-
900 additional Federal en-
ployes in his recent budget.
Already civil employees of the
Government total about 2.5
million, stationed in all parts
of the country and many Of
them in foreign countries.
Some day the voters may
get around to concern over
what their Federal Govern
ment is doing financially -
and to them. .-.-..~'
Evening star., 1963-01-29

I do not know your Will
liam S. White; I wish / did
so I could shake his hand
for his wonderful article
"The Manly Debt We Owe
Britain"
Being Of Irish ancestry I
was brain-washed very early
on the subject of Perfidious
Albion. However, also being
somewhat of a romanticist
the Victorian days do not
seem TO have been so un-
pleasant. certainly not now
In retrospect.
Britain's current situation
is greatly Of our making.
Let us strive TO correct It,
as rapidly as possible.
Roger B. DOulens.
As an Englishman. I was
greatly interested In the jan
uary % article by william s.
White. headed THE Manly
Debt We Owe Britain" It was
not only a fine tribute 10 my
country. but a beautifully
written article, which gener-
ally summed up the problems
and difficulties with which
Britain is faced In these days
OF economic and political
change.
In common with your other
readers. have always en-
joyed reading the articles by,
Mr.. White and David Law
renee, and long may their
columns contribute 10 your
newspapers success.
Stanley X. Drury.
In The Manly Debt We
owe Britain" the orthodox
Anglo american view is ex-
pressed so tenderly. so po-
etically, that any sensitive
reader can hardly fail 10 be
moved. He can only be
moved, however, while he
closes his eyes 10 history and
the present situation. In
all elementary and high
school history courses as !
recall them, England was
Evening star., 1963-01-29

the benefit Of the services of any Fed
eral employe-unless he is willing to
serve for nothing. We hope this is not
what the law means, and If the contrary
proves to be the case the statute should
be changed at the earliest opportunity.
Evening star., 1963-01-29

placed in a special lofty
category among the nations
of the world. Her poll
cies we're held up as a model
TO be learned from by all
Americans; never as contro-
versial issues to be evaluated
in the light of world history.
Criticism Of British policy in
primary and secondary
schools was a sheer confess
sion Of ignorance" by any
student. II is in this vein
that Mr.. White describes our
cousins"
When one examines Brit
aims foreign policy over the
years, 1t is not difficult TO
notice that her fortunes we're
dependent to a great extent
on being able TO capitalize
on conditions and situations
which existed outside the
British Isles. In the West
ern Hemisphere her policy
was to increase her colonial
empire, the chief function OF
which was TO enrich the
mother country. II was pre-
cisely this policy which
caused her TO lose the prize
colony the United States OF
America. In both hemispheres
her policy has been 10 pro-
mote disunity. This is re-
Elected In her aid TO the Con-
federacy during the Civil
Wan as we'll as her contri-
button TO the defeat OF Ma
poleon.
In the goth Century the
unity and power Of the
United States became a fact
about which nothing could
be done by England. AS a
result, its friendship was en-
listed and became a corner
stone Of her foreign policy
In the Western Hemisphere.
Ideologieally, our common
cultural heritage derived
chiefly from our common
language) and lip-service 10
the ideals Of freedom by the
British has kept them on
the same side Of interna-
Evening star., 1963-01-29
THE POLITICAL MILL
Stote And Federal Finances
BY GOULD LINCOLN

Why Is 1t the voters go to
the polls and take 1t out on
State Governors and govern
ments that permit big budget
deficits requiring higher tax
es and at the same time fail
to show resentment against
a Federal Government. The
voters turned out Democratic
administrations in three
great industrial States in the
1862 elections-Pennsylvania,
Ohio and Michigan. In each
and every one Of these States,
issues in the campaigns we're
excessive spending and high
taxes, padded payrolls and
unbalanced budgets.
The Federal Government,
however. is living on deficit
spending, using the credit Of
the United States and build
ing up the national debt. The
average voter pays little or
no attention to these finan-
cial high jinks, even though
he has had to carry the bur-
den Of heavy Federal taxes.
Many of these are more or
less hidden from him, includ-
ing the Federal income tax
which is withheld from his
pay check, and the Federal
Social Security tax.
Borrowing Limited
A State government can
borrow against State credit,
where it is authorized by law,
but that is not limitless = as
apparently is the borrowing
power Of the Federal Govern
ment. President Kennedy has
persuaded Congress during his
two years in office to increase
the national debt ceiling to
$308 billion on a temporary
basis. He is asking to have
the S308-b billion debt limit
extended through the re-
mainder of 1868 and saying
he may ask for a still higher
ceiling for fiscal year 1864.
Originally the ceiling was to
return to its permanent fig
ure-$285 billion-on a slid
ing scale arrangement by June
80, 1868. This flew out the
window when, instead of an
expected surplus Of $500 mil
lion, the fiscal year 1853 is
going to close with an $8.8
billion deficit. And now the
President is asking for a cut
in taxes which may cause an
$11 to $12 billion deficit for
fiscal 1864. This would re-
quire a much higher debt
ceiling.
According to Congression-
al Quarterly, the Federal debt
of S303.5 billion at the end
Of 1862 was held approxi-
mately as follows: Social Sc
curity and other Government
trust funds, Federal agencies
and Federal Reserve Banks,
$88 billion; individual per-
sons, $65 billion; financial
and insurance institutions,
SOS billion; State and local
governments $40 billion:
business corporations, $40
billion, and foreign owners,
SIS billion. On this national
debt, the Government - in
this case the taxpayers has
to pay $10.1 billion interest
each year.
New York States budget
has been balanced since Gov.
Evening star., 1963-01-29
VISTAS IN SCIENCE.
Tropical Atlantic to Be Surveyed
By THOMAS r. HENRY

An eight-nation co-opera-
tive survey of the tropical
Atlantic will be carried out
this year.
Twelve ships, including
five American, already have
been assigned to the survey
which will carry out a pro-
gram of intensive observa-
tions both of the physical
and chemical m akeup Of
South Atlantic waters and Of
the biology, especially the
distribution and abundance
of basic micro-organisms in
various localities.
Nations scheduled to take
part, and whose jobs have
been assigned are Argentina.
Brazil, Nigeria, Congo, Ivory
Coast. United States and
USSR. The parts Of the
smaller countries will be
quite restricted and based on
their own special interests.
Five United States ships have
been assigned-the Ch a in
and Crawford Of the Woods
Hole, (Mass) Oceanographic
Institution. the Explorer Of
the Coast and Geodetic Sur
vey, the Geronimo and Ore
gon of the Bureau Of Com
mercial Fisheries. Extensive
Investigations will be made
by the Russian fisheries re-
search ship Lomonosoy.
Weather Bureaus Mission
The Bureau Of Commercial
Fisheries ships will be con-
cerned primarily with the
chemistry of the South At
lantic waters, and especially
with their carbon content.
This organization also is
concerned with the zoogeog-
raphy and composition OF the
fauna along the eastern
coast OF South America. OF
particular concern are the
various invertebrates ranging
from star fish TO mollusks
especially microscopic forms
OF these creatures.
The u. s. Weather Bu-
reau hopes TO get informa-
ton which will aid In under
standing and interpreting
the patterns Of cloud forma-
tion and the infra-red radia-
ton reported for the region
from satellite flights. Bal
loon ascents and airplane
overflights will be used TO
measure upper winds. A daily
analysis OF meteorological
conditions will be made.
The Woods Hole ships will
carry groups Of both Ameri-
can and foreign scientists.
-
A compound found In sea
water is capable OF Destroy
ing the peniclllin- resistant
staphyloccoci which are a
major plague Of hospitals
This has been announced
by the Woods Hole, Mass,
Evening star., 1963-01-29
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry t0riters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDill be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Navajo times., 1963-08-08
NavGio Fair R0de0 Queen

program. A newly reorganized
Racing Committee headed by Ed
ward Raymond has developed a
complete daily horse racing pro-
gram. Featured races daily will
be the All Indian Trials and the
Open Trials covering distances
of IA mile. 3/8 mile, and 1 u
mile with Open Consolation and
the Finals on the last day of the
Fair.
Other rodeo sports attractions
being planned are the rodeo dances,
the rodeo parades. the arena air
show, and the "Field Fun Day"
which is complete afternoon pro-
gram to be held the first day
right after the free Barbecue treat.
The Rodeo Committee invites all
to this 17th Annual Navajo Tribal
Fair Rodeo-sports show. See you
at the rodeo.
Miss Willamette Belle Youpee,
a "a year old full blooded Siss-
ition-Y ankton Sioux, was crowned
Miss Indian America X at the
climax of the All American Ind
ian Days at Sheridan, Wyoming,
SUNDAY, August 4.
Miss Youpee was chosen from
"a other candidates, including two
Navajo Girls sponsored by the
Navajo Tribe.
Miss Youpee will graduate from
Montana State c ollege inDec-
ember.
Navajo times., 1963-08-08
Contest Opens

One of the newest attr actions
being added to the 9TH Annual
Navajo Tribal Fair Championship
Rodeo program is the American
Indian Rodeo Queen contest. This
All-Indian Championship Rodeo
show will be staged at Window
Rock, Arizona, during the last
three days of the Fair, September
6-7-8, 1868.
The Entertainment Division of
the Navajo Fair Commission had
requested the Rodeo Committee to
possibly include such a Queen Con-
test for the first time in the long
history of this outstanding annual
rodeo. The Rodeo Committee has
completed the necessary arrange
ments for the purpose of handling
this contest and the final Judging
and selections of the Rodeo Queen
and her attendants will be held on
the afternoon of September S right
in the Rodeo Arena.
Unlike the Navajo Beauty con-
test, the contest for the Rodeo
Queen is open to girls of all In
dian tribes. This is in line with
the fact that the Navajo Fair Rodeo
is held as the All-Indian Champion
ship Rodeo where Indian rodeo
cowboys from many Indian tribes
compete each year. Other require
ments for this R ode o Quem conte st
are that the girl must be single,
be able to ride or perform horse
manShip and the age limits are
is to Fl. All girls wishing to enter
this contest may contact or write
the Rodeo Committee at Window
Rock, Arizona, and the entire
month of August has been desig-
mated in which to apply.
All the major standard rodeo
events have been scheduled for
this three-day rodeo show and
many top Indian rodeo cowboys
from many Indian lands are again
expected to compete for the champ
ionship titles and other awards.
One of the outstanding Independent
rodco producers, Ray KOhrs of
California, has been retained as
the rodeo stock contractor. From
his string many former National
Finals and championship rodeo
bucking stock will be entered for
the events in this big Navajo Tribal
Fair Rodeo.
One of the out standing attrac-
tions to be included in the Rodeo
show is the daily horse racing
Navajo times., 1963-08-08

plenty of time and avoid disappoint-
mentS.
CAMPING AND PICNICKING:
Camping at Parks Headquarters
only, in designated campgrounds,
Navajo times., 1963-08-08

which are located just below the
Ranger Station. Tables, fireplaces
are provided. Wood in surrounding
area is saved for use by the local
people, SO bring your own wood if
possible. Water is available at
Monument Valley Ranger Station.
Navajo times., 1963-08-08
Monument Valley
Imformufio Given
For Travellers
GENERAL INFORMATION
GENERAL INFORMATION

HOURS:
Oren "a hours a day. year
round. Per sonnel on duty 500 am.
900 pm.
SERVICES OFFERED:
Arts and Crafts Shop and gen.
eral orientation: conventional
tours are self-guiding along we'll
marked roads. For commercial
tours into Monument Valley please
inquire at the Tribal Ranger Sta
tion.
FEES:
One ($1) Dollar per car, or
One Isl Dollar per person on COM
merCial tours.
Navajo times., 1963-08-08
ACCOMMODATIONS:

Lodging and meals available at
Kayenta rs milesl Mexican Hat
10 miles) or Gouldings' Lodge
(6 miles, For information for
reservations. and prices, write
Wetherill Motel, Kayenta, Arizona:
San Juan Motel, Mexican Hat, Utah;
or Couldings' Trading Post and
Lodge, Mexican Hat, Utah. During
the summer it is best to have
reservations, so write ahead in
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1963-02-09
Rowan To-.
CONTINUED From Page One

CONTINUED From Page One)
Dance" is scheduled Saturday
evening, Feb. 8, in New York
City's Statler- Hilton Hotel. The
affair will climax the Councils
18th annual conference. More
than 500 alumni from across
the country and student leaders
from the Funds 80 member col
lepes - all located in the South
are expected to attend.
Author and journalist, Mr..
Rowan has been serving as
Deputy Assistant Secretary for
Public Affairs for the United
States Department of State
since 1861. Before joining the
State Department he served as
a member of the news staff OF
the Minneapolis Tribune, where
he started on the copy desk in
1948. Since 1850, when he be-
gan reporting, he has won an
award for his work as a journ-
alist and author in each sue
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1963-02-09
COP Chairman Hail Negro
Appointment To State Posts

Industrial Relations by Cover
nor James A. Rhodes of Ohio;
and, William P. Young, of Pitts
burgh, as Secretary of Labor
and Industry by Governor Will
liam w. Scranton of Pennsy-
lvania.
The Republican National Com.
mittee's chairman said: -
THE 10@h year of freedom
for the Negro in America has
witnessed a greater furfillment
of the spirit and exaAAple of Lin
coin by the Republican Party.
Il am gratified by the forth
right action of these governors,
champions of Republican fai h,
in appointing Negroes. for. the
first time during the Goth cen
fury as cabinet officers. Govern
ors Rhodes and Scranton, by
these acts, have attained a great
er mark of progress for minori.
ties in the administration of gov
eminent.
No mention was made of Re-
publican appointment Of Negroes
in Michigan.