davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
Redistricting Formula

1t is good to note that the Maryland
Citizens. Committee for Fair Congress
Sional Redistricting, having led the sue
cessful petition drive to put the skids
under the new Tawes law, is not now
merely sitting on its hands. Indeed, the
immediate hope Of committee leaders
is to develop an alternative plan to
justify demands for special session Of
the Legislature this year.
Most of the previous schemes
achieving reasonably equitable popula-
ton distribution among State districts
have snagged on the dilemma of Bal
timore City, which contains three rel
atively small districts Of its own. Sug-
geStions that Baltimore might surrender
one Of its congressman out of the good
ness of its heart have been sneered off.
Baltimore politicians repeatedly are
more receptive, however, to the posi-
bility that a greater degree of equity
many be achieved by expanding the
Baltimore districts. This is the heart
of the new proposal advanced by DR..
Roland Perusse, the citizens committee
chairman, which would add to the con-
stituencies of two Baltimore districts by
extending them respectively into Anne
Arundel and Baltimore Counties. The
net effect Of his plan would be to leave
no Maryland district more than 20 per
cent out of line with the ideal average
constituency Of $4,000. A number Of its
details, however, are still to be agreed
upon.
Perhaps the differences can be
worked out when committee leaders
meet again with Baltimore members on
July %. II agreement on plan can be
reached among political and citizen
leaders within the next few months,
and II Governor Tawes particularly can
be convinced Of Its acceptability, there
is no reason for the Legislature to defer
consideration Of new law which would
take effect In the 1864 elections. Even
II this desirable goal should not be at
tainable, 1t is important to have a plan
behind which all the advocates Of eQui-
table redistricting can rally later.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16

Whatever may be the outcome Of
the hearings begun by the Public Utili-
ties Commission on Washington taxicab
fares and zones, we predict a dismal
future for at least one initial proposal
advanced by group Of eight cab COM
panies.
This is the suggestion that Zone
One-the big Single-fare zone which
takes in all Of downtown Washing
ton-be chopped up, with one dividing
line at First street NV, just at the
foot Of Capitol Hill. This is unlikely
first and foremost, because 1t would
mean that a Congressman could barely
settle in the back seat, heading for
almost any destination, without passing
into the 75-cent category. 1t would
mean that instead of paying so cents
TO ride from the Capitol to the State
Department, under the proposed new
boundaries, the same Congressman
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
Qualifying Voters

President Kennedy, with
his proposal to give the vote
to any person furnishing
proof Of finishing the 9Th
grade. will surely lead this
country down the road taken
by Athens and Rome when
they exchanged responsible
citizenship for law by rabble.
All who are capable Of vot-
ing should, by all means,
have the vote: however. it
should be remembered that
many high school graduates
are rejected by the Selec-
tive Service System because
Of q lack of sufficient intelli-
gence. If a person is not con-
sidered capable of serving his
country because Of lack Of
intelligence. can he be con-
sidered capable of deterTnin-
ing the course of the Nation?
! believe the Selective
Service test, given to mem
bers Of both sexes upon
reaching their 18th birthday,
would be a more realistic
measuring rod Of determin-
ing ones mental Jworthiness
of having the right to vote.
II Mr.. Kennedy persists IN
pushing this bit Of legisla-
ton, it may be suggested that
he also lower the required
voting age to IL years. This
would enable all meeting his
qualification to take advan-
tage Of the great right to
vote. Charles J. Ross, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
On Speaking Out

There has been much complaint
to the effect that rising racial tensions
in the South have kept the white
moderateS, the people who know
better" from speaking out on the truth
and the facts.
There is no doubt that the dema-
gogueS and the extremists
on each Side-have tended to dominate
the scene. And this quite probably has
had It's effect on members of both races
who know in their hearts that the
ultimate solutions must come through
reason and not through suppression or
violence.
Against this background, the state
ment made public recently by over 100
deans and professors of law in Southern
university law schools assumes special
importance. They were not afraid to
speak out. And they were Southerners,
or at least men associated with South
ern institutions, addressing themselves
to their fellow men, white and black,
in the South.
The essence of their message to
white SouthernerS was that the Con-
Stitution, as interpreted by the Supreme
Court, is the supreme law Of the land,
and that nothing in State constitutions,
State law or fiery political speeches
can change this fact. On the point Of
the Tenth Amendment, often cited in
opposition to Supreme Court rulings,
the statement said: 1.-THE Fourteenth
Amendment requires the States to ex-
erciSe their powers with full regard to
the elements of fairness These
elements d. include due process Of law
and the equal protection of the laws.
Whatever may be the broad powers
reserved to the States by the Tenth
Amendment, these powers must be ex-
erciSed in a manner consistent with
due process and equal protection"
For the benefit of the colored COM
munity in the South, the Southern
lawyers had this to say: "Order is no
less an essential part of law than
justice, and civil duties are as basic
as civil rights. Lawlessness breeds law
leSSness on both sides. It may quickly get
out Of the control Of those who initiated
it in minor way and turn into I'M
controlled mob violence Those who in
their zeal for change would violate the
law hamper the means by which their
purpose may be achieved"
What we have here is the counsel
Of reason and moderation being offered
in the South. It will be great pity
If no one listens.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
PLEDGE Challenged

People who pride them
selves on being LIBERAL
minded In regard to the
recent Supreme Court de-
cision on the Lords Prayer
had better sober UP and face
the fact that this is only the
beginning in o long series Of
court tests to rid our coun-
try Of its religious heritage.
The American Civil Lber-
ties Union Of Southern Cal
ifornia is now challenging the
constitutionality of the words
under God" as recited in
the Pledge Of Allegiance to
the flag.
It's interesting that even
prominent people who believe
in a strong civil rights pro-
gram are resigning from the
ACLU in protest against "in-
creasing secularistic" actions
by that group.
I think it's fair to assume
that the motto I'm God We
Trust" will be next. After all,
what right do we have to
expect atheists to use such
tainted money!
Mrs. Robert Kirwan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
Atlas Attempts Too Much

The House Foreign Affairs Commit
tee has acted conServatively in voting
to cut $3.50 million from the $4.5 billion
requested by President Kennedy for
economic and military aid to our friends
and allies Notwithstanding neutral
lists" whose attitude toward us often
leaves much to be desired. y
OF course, in keeping with the
annual ritual that has come to mark
this particular piece Of legislation, the
administration has let it be known
that it regards the committees cut as
"a heavy blow" Actually, however, the
reduction Is relatively modest one,
and Mr.. Kennedy will have reason to
be quite happy II the appropriating
committees do not make a considerably
deeper slash in the program.
Foreign aid, after all, has become
much more challengeable than it used
to be. The American people, with good
reason, have long been casting jaun-
diced eye on certain aspects Of 1t, and
their feelings have been well expressed
in the special report submitted to the
President last March by General Lucius
Clay and his 10-man Committee to
Strengthen the Free World. This dis
tinguished bipartisan group-named by
Mr.. Kennedy to take very hard look"
at our foreign aid-arrived at q number
of somber conclusions, whose summary
merits reputation: .,.s
1aa, We believe that we are indeed attempt
ing too much for too many and that Q
higher quality and reduced quantity Of our
diffuse aid effort in certain countries could
accomplish more. We cannot believe that
our national interest is served by Indefinitely
continuing commitments ct the present rate
to the IS countries and territories which are
now receiving our economic and/or military
assistance. Substantial tightening up and
Sharpened detectives in terms Of our national
interests are necessary, based on q realistic
look at past experience, present needs and
future probabilities.
In short, the United States may be
a sort of Atlas, but its shoulders are
beginning to ache It needs and 1t should
have more help from such of our allies
as Britain, West Germany and Italy.
Certainly, when 1t comes to foreign aid,
the rest of the free world should share
the burden much more than it has up
to now
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
UpheovoI in Ecuador

It is too late to cry over split milk
Cor whiSkey) in Ecuador. The military
leaders may well have been justified in
ousting drunken President Carlos Julio
AroSemena. During the past year his
hard drinking has alienated all reSpon-
Sible elements in the country and cast
real doubt upon his ability to rule.
But we look to the future, not the
past. The new military junta has tenn
porarily suspended constitutional guar
antees and begun a breakdown on the
extreme left. In the short run these
anti-Communist moves seem justified,
since Mr.. AroSemena'S executive laxity
has led to increasing Communist infil-
tration in the Ecuadorian backlandS and
in the government itself.
In the long run, however, Ecuador
should not buck the new tide of demo-
cratic government in Latin America. In
the past month and a half both Peru
and Argentina have. given democratic
processes tremendous boost by voting
to return to constitutional government
after brief spells of military or semi
military rule.
In both cases the Kennedy admins
tration conditioned United States rec
ignition of interim government on spe-
cific guarantees to hold new elections.
The same rule should be applied in the
Ecuadorian case. So it is encouraging
that the new junta has retreated from
its original position that two-year wait
on elections would be necessary while it
supplemented needed social and eco
nomic reforms. In negotiating over rec
ignition the United States Government
should try to get an exact date for re-
Installing constitutional government in
Ecuador next year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
The March

Why so much apprehen-
sion about The March? 1t is
hard to believe that Wash
ingtonians really fear the
threat Of violence. For after
all, which group is 1t that
has adopted non-violence as
q creed, and which has
adopted dogs and clubs and
electric goads to combat
ideas 1t cannot understand?
Is 1t a question Of deco
rum? Have not the suffrag-
cites and Bonus Marchers
given this type Of protest the
only responsibility 1t needs
in our republic?
One must unhappily sur
mise that those Congressman
who shout, I'VE shall not be
coercedl" are in reality only
timid souls whose courage
does not extend to voting
NO" honestly, without plac-
ing q convenient mask upon
their consciences.
Lorraine O'Grady.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
Political ANALYST

A letter headed Writes
Off Goldwater" says the
Arizona Senator's nomina-
ton would be about the
incest thing that could hap
pen 10 the Kennedys." The
writer intimated the Presi-
dent would make short work
Of the Senator.
Two questions: /. What
other Republican Of national
stature stands q realistic
chance Of capturing enough
electoral votes in the Mid
west, the Rocky Mountain
States and--most crucial
in the South to offset the
inevitable Kennedy con-
quests in New York, Penn
sylvania and probably Cali
fornia2 Rockefeller Be
seriousl Romney. Scranton,
Morton7 II would be q mas
sacre. 2. Why, basically, did
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
Matter of Fact?

/ have observed that when
ever racial discrimination Is
mentioned in most news
media 1t is always termed
alleged discrimination"
when 1t is a well-known fact
that discrimination does ex-
list. One example Is that the
recent demonstrations at
Gwynn Oak Amusement Park
In Baltimore were said TO be
against the alleged discrim-
nation" there.
Since this Is the trend one
might say that there Is So
called alleged" housing dis
elimination in the District Of
Columbia or that police
brutality is alleged, when the
public and news media know
for certain that these condi-
tons do exist.
william r.. Scott
Editors Note. Alleged" Is
OF course used In a quality
in sense In cases iDhere netDS
media are not certain a
charge con be subStuntiuted
bv proof.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
Tariff Concessions

/ should think that upon
reflection The Star viii re-
verse its opinion that Con-
gress pulled q classic boner"
in banning most favored
nation tariff concessions to
Communist dominated coun-
tries, specifically YugoSlavia
and Poland.
In its proper concern for
the people of these countries,
The Star editorialized that,
if the prohibition continues,
they are going to be hurt Gin
their desire to renew,
strengthen and expand their
old historic ties and associa-
tions with the free West"
Is this so, and Is the empha-
sis correct?
We read that at is q pro-
hibition that serves merely
to discourage independence
minded people like the Poles
and Yugoslays." Would it
not be accurate to refer to
independence-minded people
among the Poles and Yugo-
slavs? Certainly we do not
want to strengthen those
among them who do not seek
freedom and whose only con-
Germ is with their stomachs"
and that they prosper ma
terially."
AS for the independence
minded among them, will
trade limitations discourage
these? Hunger and other
material wants are the least
Of their sufferings while they
are denied freedom. Indeed,
they may be encouraged in
their efforts to gain indie
pendence when they see that
we ourselves realize that man
does not live by bread alone;
and that we will not help
gangsterism by meeting its
material needs while failing
to distinguish between feed
ing stomachs and furthering
independence.
Incidently. with respect to
the editorial statement that
international commu nism
seems to be falling slowly
apart at the seams" we must
avoid a semantic pitfall. If
the single agency aspect is
being destroyed, the threat
of the several groups con-
tinues, and their activities
may increase. A split is no
reason for us to rejoice while
the component entities are
left with greater motivation
to Guido one another. We
cannot rejoice; we may not
even be complacent: eternal
vigilance is still the order
Of the day. 49,.
Lloyd Buchanan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
Stamp RidicuIed

Once again the Post Office
Department has selected an
absolute dud as design for
a United States commemora-
tive stamp-even after going
to the effort of holding q de-
sign competition. In the case
Of the recent Civil War COM
memorative, where the sew
eral designs received nation
al publicity, the selected de-
sign, as determined by the
department, certainly didn't
win any popularity contest
with the general public. AS a
matter of fact, 1t was inter-
esting that so many people,
as reported. took the time to
write in a vote, since the de-
sign had already been Sc
lected. After all, who wants
10 bet on yesterdays horse
race?
The horrible example at
point is the weird item which
apparently will purport to
commemorate the Tooth an
niversary Of the National
Academy of Science. The
design is seemingly popular
primarily with the self-ap-
pointed experts who make q
living telling other people
what art they should think
is worth looking at.
So far, by the popular
press. the selection has
made a hit with the art
critic OF Time Magazine and
with the art critic for the
Washington Star. Frank
Getlein. as reported in West
ern Stamp Collector. The
latter article reproduced IL
different designs, at least
five Il could almost say any
one) Of which are superior
TO the selected North Star
blanket over the hamburger
grill" design.
Perhaps this hamburger
grill and blanket" is sup
posed to represent The New
Fronteah," but / consider IL
a dismal failure.
Howard F. Wehrle, III.
Detroit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16

An interpretative article
in The Star of July 8, by
Earl H. VosS reported that
American officials
acknowledged today that the
apparent Inconsistencies Of
American test detectors may
have played a part in the
offer Mr.. Khrushchev made
yesterday in Berlin"
While it may be true that
certain officials Of the United
States Government have
made this judgment on the
basis of their own knowledge,
it is misleading to leave the
impression that this low opin-
ion of our test detection sys-
tenn is predominant among
Washington officials; it is
certainly not supported by
any major administrative
figure. It should be remem-
bered that almost any opin-
ion on a current issue will
find adherents among some
American officials"
VoSs went on to say that
the Acc confirmed that the
United States atmospheric
detection system was able to
produce no better than in
conclusive evaluation Of low
yield nuclear shots" The i'm
plications Of this statement
are, of course. that there
was an atmospheric test and
that our detection system
failed to produce o clear sig.
nal from II.
The fact Is, however. that
the Acc said nothing which
would bring into question the
atmospheric detection sys-
tenn. AS reported by the AS
ISOLATED Press In the July /
Star, the. Acc statement was
clearly to the effect that
evidence Of any kind Of test
was inconclusive and that,
If there was q test, 1t was
not known whether 1t was in
the atmosphere or under
ground. The AP story, in
fact, indicated that the pre-
vailing guess among U. s.
officials was that there was
no atmospheric test.
The point Is that there Is
no evidence Of a detection
flaw" as Mr.. Voss would
have US believe.
Gary Porter.
Editors Note: The 'Io1
opinion" of the United State,
test detection system Is indeed
held By major administra-
ton figures. A State Depart
ment spokesman on July !
said Senior United States Of
JiciGls" considered eUidenct
OF Sopiet testing "inconclu'
SiUe," adding there iDds gen
nine uncertainty" whether
test had occurred.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condensa-
ton. Those not used tDiu be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped enpelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16

the COP. lose in 1860?
Would it not be realistic to
say we lost because we
lacked the courage to nomin-
ate q real Republican, but
instead offered the basically
conservative American elect
crate another left-of-center
candidate who disguised the
country with his me, too"
campaign?
Give us a real Republican.
Give us victory. Give us
Goldwater.
John T. Farthing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
KIun furnishes KremIin Propaganda
By RALPH McGILL

widely printed and dis
tributed.
Communism could not ask
for better propaganda sup
port than it gets from the
Councils and the KlanS -
from the Bull Connors and
those who deny that the
Constitution guarantees equal
citizenship. Communism ar
CUES (untruthfully) that in
Russia and Communist bloc
countries, minorities are
treated equally. SO they are
very grateful to those Ameri-
cans whom writings and
speeches opposing the ef-
forts Of 10 million Negroes to
be allowed to vote, to be
trained and educated, and to
have decent housing and use
Of public facilities-Shout and
rant that such actions are
communism at work in
America. The various xxx
and Council writers and
podium Founders may be
sure - Mr.. Khrushchev
thanks them for service rem
dered.
The fact that q city court
Judge appeared in the role
Of a xxx exhorter will not
90 unnoticed nationally-or
in foreign countries. Eye
brows will be raised and
minds will ask questions.
Not Really Communism
What confronts US is not,
Of course, communism. 1t Is,
however, a revolution
and 1t remains to be seen
whether or not sanity will
prevail and 1t will be q revo-
luton lacking bloodshed. We
have seen Birmingham I.
Detroit New York
Chicago jackson
Albany.
Surely. by now, 1t must be
plain to every thoughtful
citizen that II Is the respon-
sibility of accountable men
and women everywhere to
establish the clearly estab-
lished legitimate aims OF the
Negro population - aims
which give no public rights
not already held by other
citizens-with as little dam
age to the respective COM
munities and the Nation az
possible. We all know that
only about q third Of the
qualified Negro voters have
been permitted TO vote; that
about 10 years after the
school decision there are
States and com munities
which still make much Of
defiance; that there have
been, and are, inequities In
education and opportunity.
Surely we have the honor
and the courage 10 do what Is
right.
And surely American citi-
zenship aims are not Com
munistic.
Q 1858
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-16

At Q recent meeting Of
Georgia's Ku Klux Khan.
held in the welcoming cli-
mate of Albany, q southwest
city not far north Of the
Florida line, one Of the
speakers repeatedly was a
Judge Of a city court "a not
unusual combination in small
Southern towns) who made
an emotional exhortation.
Anti segregation demon
STATIONS, he said, are Com
muniSt inspired. "This is q
Nationwide matter that is
being fostered by the Com
munists in Russia" said the
dispenser Of justice. Russia!
The Machiavellian hand of
Khrushchev is behind this
agitation"
There was more Of the
same. His audience which
had arrived in pickup trucks,
old cars, and a scattering Of
small foreign cars. seeming
ly had no idea about the
identity Of the Forentine
Prince Machiavelli, but sp-
parently accepted him as an
Italian pal Of Mr.. Khru-
shchev's and that was al
that mattered.
One Of the curious con-
sistencies Of the speeches and
writings by the White Citi-
zens Council essayists and by
the Khan exhorters is the
charge that the attack on
segregation Is Communist
inspired; that the U. s.
Supreme Court has sold out
to communism, and that any
of those who uphold the
court and the decisions sup
porting equal citizenship are
Communists stooges, or in
the pay Of Khrushchev. Hate
letters will inquire. How
much is Khrushchev paying
you to support the Commu-
mist Supreme Courtp"
Propaganda for Reds
It does not seem to occur
to such persons that what
the xxx speakers are really
saying is a very dangerous
thing; namely. that:
1.-The right TO vote Is
communism.
2. The right to education
on q non-discriminatory
basis Is communism.
3. The right TO equal OPP
portunity Is communism.
4. The right TO use public
facilities is communism.
Communism, of course
uses this sort Of nonsense
as valuable propaganda. Ir
African and Asian countries
one finds the remarks Of
such speakers as the Judge
In Albany-and the many
others who insist that the
present campaign for equa,
citizenship rights in the
United States is communism