davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Sweepstakes, Anyone?

everyone VINO has rtSked q penny
or two on a game Of chance-and we'll
bet that includes most of us-has at
least kibitzer's interest in the New
Hampshire sweepstakes. In a country
where billions are wagered annually,
and only fraction of 1t legally, one
of the mysteries Of life has been our
national reluctance to consider the
merits of the government organized
lottery as painless and effective way
Of raising revenues.
New Hampshire'S move is bound to
bring on storm of controversy, but
it seems to us an above-b board, square,
deal effort to guide some of the gam
bling money into useful channels.
Logically, one would think, gam
bling should be socially acceptable in
proportion to the extent that it is
subject to proper controls, and that
the take serves the public good. At the
bottom of the scale are illegal SwindleS
like the numbers racket-uncontrolled
and untaXed. Then come such opera
tionS as slot machines in Southern
HA"AJ AobAAN, WAAASAA pAOOuOC oOILC puUlIC
revenues but which tend to foster cor
ruption. Higher on the ladder we have
race track betting, widely accepted be-
cause it is well controlled and because
the State benefits substantially.
A public lottery, which is totally
controlled and which pays all but a
small percentage of the take into the
public treasury, deserves the very top
rating by these standards. Why is it
the one form of gambling which has
been regarded as taboo?
Those who oppose the New Hamp-
shire sweepstakes doubtless have the
best Of motives. They fear that too
many Of the SO tickets will find their
way into the pockets of those who can
least afford them. This, however, makes
no allowance for the fact that deter
mined bet-placer can always find a
bookie.
In the New Hampshire lottery,
Governor King was realistic enough
to label it a fiscal experiment" and
politically wise enough to give the
public full credit (or possible blame)
for passage Of the legislation. However,
II he can keep the game honest, and
raise the 81 million pledged to State
education-who knows? Maybe some
day We'll be conducting National Debt
Retirement Sweepstakes.
Evening star., 1963-05-03
TX for NH

The fact that the House cut S1S
million from the administration budget
request for the National Institutes of
Health is real news. For this not only
was virtually unprecedented. 1t marked
we hope, the end of an era of unre-
strained forced feeding of the NH by
the Congress.
We think that the use of as many
tax dollars as can be prudently and
productivity spent for medical research
is Justified. And it is not likely that
very many people resent the growth
Of the NH from a $59-million infant
just a decade ago to a billion-dollar
giant today. The manner Of its growth,
however, is something else. During each
Of these years the administration pre-
Sumably sought funds on a calculated
basis Of need. Year after year, however,
the House sharply upped the ante. And
not to be outdone, the Senate poured
still more money into the NH guTlet.
On more than one occasion, 1t was
simply too much to digest. Here is the
record for the last several years:
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Horsecors Better

When I first landed in
Washington, D. c., in 1892,
horsecars were being oper-
ated on the principal streets
and it was the best transpor-
tation the city has ever had
in 70 years. Today, trans
portation Is the worst.
HorSecar service, though
slow, was dependable, and
there were enough cars to
take care Of the public.
Today. after standing on
Connecticut avenue from 20
to 30 minutes, you take q
chance Of getting a foothold
on one Of the two buses that
usually run together. Nobody
expects to get a seat. II you
cannot get on, then you
wait another 30 minutes. The
same thing applies on
Seventh street NV, and on
II street NV. The horsecars
ran about every 5 minutes.
Today the buses run from 20
to 30 minutes apart.
II the persons whose duty
1t is to adjust fare rates
were forced TO ride buses
daily for 30 days before fix
ing the rates. they would re-
duce the fare TO the old rate
Of six tickets for 25 cents
instead Of increasing the
rate. These persons use the
finest automobiles to get
around at the Taxpayers
expense.
John Williams,
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Sir Winston Bows Out

When the word spread that Sir
Winston Spencer Churchill will not seek
reelection to Commons, the reaction in
London was 1--WE will never see his like
again."
One should be wary Of such sweep
ing statements, although this one may
be true. 1t can also be said, and perhaps
with even greater confidence, that we
will never hear his like again. Wars are
not won with words, but words can do
much to sustain the human spirit. And
without the magnificent words Of Win
ston Churchill, it is doubtful that the
British people could have endured the
agony which World War II piled upon
them.
When Neville Chamberlain returned
from Munich in 1888, he smiled, waved
the paper which Hitler had signed, and
spoke hopefully of peace in our time"
The crowds cheered. But Winston
Churchill didn't. He stood up in Com
mons and said: "You were offered a
choice between war and diShonor. You
chose diShonor. You will get war"
These were prophetic words. And on
May 10, 1910, when the storm had burst
in all its fury, their author, whose warn
ingS and pleas had gone unheeded, was
called to the helm. Even now, though
the horror has faded, ones pulse beats a
bit faster as the majestic phrases come
to mind. Il have nothing to offer but
blood, toll, tears and sweat" And again:
We shall not flag or fail We shall fight
in France we shall fight on the seas and
oceans we shall fight with growing confidence
and growing strength in the air, we shall de-
fend our island, whatever the cost may be,
we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight
on the landing grounds, we shall fight in
the fields and in the streets. we shall fight in
the hills; we shall never surrender.
To mention just one more Of many:
Let us therefore brace ourselves to our
duties, and so bear ourselves that If the
British Empire and its Commonwealth last
for thousand years, men will still say: This
was their finest hour"
Now, in his seth year, this indomita-
BILE man, is preparing to step aside. His
work is done-and in splendid fashion.
We think it quite likely that without
him, Britain would have gone down, and
one shudders to reflect upon what might
then have happened to all free men.
Quite possibly, we shall not see his like
again. Almost certainly, those of us who
are living today will never again hear
the English language used with such
force and grandeur.
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Harsh Punishment

I have often been struck
with the tragedy in human
lives that is briefly recorded
in the papers because the
people involved are not Of
enough news value to war
rant otherwise.
Your story of the 19-year-
old youth being convicted of
Rllawfully entering McKin-
ley High School and assault
ing a teacher, for which
Judge Thomas c. Scalley
sentenced him to q year in
jail, seems to be an appalling
miscarriage Of justice.
The story does not say
what time Of day this Incl
dent took place. If it occurred
during the day, since when
is it a crime to go into q pub
lie building to which you do
not belong, and If this school
is of any size, how did this
teacher determine this boy
did not belong? As reported,
he was talking to a girl, and
we must presume he knew
her. since your paper does not
state otherwise.
However, regardless Of
whether John D. Irby was
lawfully or unlawfully in the
building, the rest Of the facts,
as reported, certainly don't
seem to justify the harsh
punishment.
You say the teacher Or
dered him out and "Irby re-
luctantly left" But he was
leaving. Then (the report
continues) ." about the
same time (Irby) made q
move with his hand toward q
pocket" This Is attempted
assault?
Next in this drama. II (the
teacher) cooked my stick
back and that's when the
struggle began" Understand
ably.
THE defendant admitted
that the teacher, John L.
Hunter. had fallen during the
struggle but denied hitting
him. The youth then ran out
with the nightstick he had
taken from the teacher" If
someone was going to hit me
with a nightStick ! think I
would grab it too. Wouldn't
anyone?
To continue, when Attor-
ney George Mitchell reminded
Judge Scalley that no blows
had actually been struck dur
ing the struggle. the Judge
said: That may be so, but in
cidents such as this one are
the kind that start some Of
these riots"
This specious remark
would be funny If it weren't
so tragic. What kind Of a
judge is this?
ID. M. Brown.
Evening star., 1963-05-03

Perkins, "the references are
almost invariably to 'princi-
pies of Mr.. Monroe, or to
the Monroe declaration But
now, in Congress and in the
press, appears this new
phrase. so judiciously chosen,
so full of flavor, so clearly
connoting secular, If not d.
vine authority for the prop
oSitions with which it deals.
If words were centrally sig
nificant, indeed, we should
have to date the birth of the
Monroe Doctrine from 1883"
PROF. PERKINS traces
the checkered history Of the
doctrine in great and fasci-
mating detail. We see it ex-
panded by such theories as
the Roosevelt corollary until
it could be used to justify all
manner of outrages against
Central and South American
nations.
We see it In retreat, too, as
ideas of hemisphere cooper
alton replace a notion which
seems always to suggest that
in one way or another the
United States is q tutelary
power.
Indeed, in this respect It Is
somewhat difficult to accept
Prof. Perkins Olympian bal
ance, and the reader is
strongly tempted to agree
with those who saw most ap-
plications of the doctrine
more as a self-righteous Jus
tification for mperialism
than anything else.
Historians like the long
view. Prof. Perkins is not
much upset by Castro. ".
the Cuban imbroglio." he re-
marks, has probably dimin-
ished rather than increased
the danger (of Soviet pene-
tration). The follies Of Cas-
tro may, perhaps. be repeat
ed. But his own difficulties
do not suggest that his ex-
pertinent will be tried again
soon, and the unanimous ad-
heSion of the Latin Ameri-
can states to the view of the
United States certainly pro-
vides hope for the future"
The Monroe Doctrine is an
involved subject. Prof. Per-
kinS outlines its history with
remarkable lucidity.
Evening star., 1963-05-03

AS rule, Of course, congressional
appropriations committees pare most
agencies requests on the generally
sound grounds that 1) some activities
can be postponed, and (2) the requests
very likely are padded, anyway. Why
the special treatment for NH? Ac-
cording to the committee, headed by
Representative Fogarty of Rhode Island,
which handles NH money In the House,
previous administrations (including the
experts directly in charge of the NH
program) CLEARLY were not rising to
the current opportunities" offered by
modern medical research. SO, Mr..
Fogarty says, 1t was necessary for him
and his committee to write new pre-
scriptions. There is another theory, no
doubt advanced by cynics, that the
medical research controversy gave the
Democrats in Congress a peachy issue
to kick the Republicans with during
the lean political years Of the Eisen-
hover administration.
Be that as 1t may Mr.. Fogarty
has not chosen to hike the ante this
time. And for his part, Mr.. Kennedy
has proposed figure which indeed will
permit a very substantial further in
crease In the activities of NH. We do
not know whether all OF this increase
is justified at this time. At least, how
ever, the request originated with those
who will have the Job OF dispensing
all this money. Presumably they are
prepared TO do 50 on the basis OF an
orderly, planned program. And this
Evening star., 1963-05-03
THE PASSING SCENE

BY WILLIAM S. WHIT

The greatest Englishman
OF his age, and perhaps of
any age. is at last laying
down a political career as
old as this century and as
splendid as all that is splen-
did in the long story of free
government.
Sir Winston Churchills
decision, at 88, not again to
run for Parliament extin-
guishes a light in the life of
every free man who now lives
and struggles on.
BY the public loss Of this
great and steadfast candle
OF courage and civility and
gallant ability, the world will
be forever more dark. This is
not only the man who stood
alone against Hitler until at
last the New World had sum-
moned itself to do its simple
duty to mankind and so, in
his memorable phrase, to
come to the rescue Of the old.
This is not only the man
who alone among the top
wartime Allied leaders truly
understood the peril which
lurked in Soviet Russia. This
is not only the man who
could have saved the postwar
world from much Of the pres
emily looming menace of in
ternational communism-if
only he could have persuaded
Franklin Roosevelt to share
his hard-eyed view of post
war Soviet purposes.
But Winston Churchill is
also much more. He is a
towering justification for
conservatism-an informed,
compassionate and creative
conservatism doggedly de-
voted to the traditions of yes
terday but also concerned
with the needs Of tomorrow.
And he personifies both the
majesty and glory Of the
English tongue and its ca
pacity to promote action as
well as thought. His writ
ings will be a timeleSs monu-
ment to him and to the Ian
guage he has so used, so
loved-and so enriched.
without POsturing
AS a man, he has shown
to all men the right way to
live, in honor and duty but
also in wit and gaiety-and,
if need be, the right way to
die, without poSturing or
complaint and with no more
Evening star., 1963-05-03

fear than is inevitable to any
sensible man contemplating
the great enigma Of the dark.
AS a war correspondent sit
ting in England in 1943 and
waiting for D-Day, this COL
umnist had the honor to
travel sometimes in the party
Of Prime Minister Churchill
on his missions Of military
meaning. To say that Mr..
Churchill held England in his
hand-an affectionate but
also a tough and demanding
hand-is to speak the plain
truth.
Tonic Of Iron
Everywhere he went, he
took with him a tonic Of iron
for the people-which he did
not hesitate to mix q trifle
in his own case with q ro-
bustly cheerful application to
himself Of more earthly spirits
like Scotch and brandy.
Once, later in Normandy,
he arrived upon the field Of
battle in a captured German
Storka observation plane pi-
loted by an air vice marshal
who clearly looked with anx-
iety upon this enterprise. He
had come to report on the
progress of the war. 1T is
going quite WE'LL" he said,
"and already an attempt has
been made on Hitler's life by
rebels in Germany. They
missed the old bahstard-
but there's time yet"
How soon will the war be
over, sir?" asked q young
lieutenant. "Ah," said Mr..
Churchill with a great grin,
"as I said before. all is going
we'll. ! should think it might
be over. say, in, say, five
years." The men groaned.
The old gentleman beamed
widely upon us all and off he
went, back to England, in the
German Storka.
He had meant to tell us
that he was sympathetic to
men in action; but also that
he had no time for soldiers
who simply wanted to go
home to mother. War and
life were not made for men
who had been made Of sugar
candy-that sweet which on
another occasion he had de-
clared to be no proper part
of the chemistry Of English
men anywhere.
Copyright, 196S)
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Quite q Collector

When someone recently Ia
beled a certain robed group
as "a hush Of nuns" the
imagery was so clear that a
contrasting designation came
spontaneously to mind, thus:
"a gable Of people" With
out even trying, I had a syn
onym for Washington, d. C.l
The new designation came
so near to the old and we'll
known "gaggle Of geese" that
/ was reminded of a goodly
list on hand which might be
of interest. On what most
Of the included items are
based is not known, but most
are ancient logical usage while
others are mere whimsy. old
and new. OF course a leap Of
leopards, a paddle Of ducks
Cor a waddle Of ducks), a
skulk Of foxes, and a watch
Of nightingales seem. individ-
ually. correlative, or in a
sense, onomatopoetic. But the
following old ones are as in
teresting as they are mysti-
flying: a feshying Of ferrets.
a labor Of moles, a sounder
OF boars. a cete Of badgers,
a sord Of mallard. a barren
OF mules. a sloth Of bears,
a pod OF seals.
Then there are: a nide Of
pheasants. a rag Of colts. a
cast Of hawks, q down Of
hares, a herd OF cranes, q
pack Of hounds, q covey Of
partridges, a rout Of wolves,
a doylt OF tame swine, q wisp
OF snipe, a covert Of coots, a
troop OF monkeys, a school OF
herring, a harras Of horses.
a pride Of lions. a skein OF
flying geese, a kennel Of
ratches, a company OF wild
geon, and a dropping Of shell
brakes.
In this raucous. tumult-
Gus age, there is nothing I
like better than (if I may be
allowed the invention): "a
play Of kittens" and "a calm
Of friends"
r. ID. McHugh.
Evening star., 1963-05-03

the Wonderful World Of
Films" program through the
county library.
Dale Crowley, jr.
Once again the American
Legion has proven that it is
more bigoted and narrow
minded than it is American.
Real Americans, those who
are truly deserving Of the
title and who live according
to the ideals upon which our
democracy is based, do not
attempt to set themselves up
as censors Of the information
and ideas available to their
fellow ciizens. I refer Spe-
officially to the righteous
protest registered by Ameri-
can Legion officials against
the showing of certain films
by the Fairfax County IL
braries. These self-appointed
guardians Of the public in
tereSt claim that the authors
or producers Of these films
have backgrounds contrary
to our American form of
Government"
America is founded on free
dom Of the press, freedom Of
speech. freedom Of religion,
etc. All Of these freedoms
have but one purpose-free-
dom of individual expression
and achievement. This free
dom cannot exist without
freedom Of thought, and free
dom Of thought cannot exist
when one segment of the
population sets itself UP as
the judge Of what shall or
shall not be seen, heard, or
read by the rest Of the pop
ulation. How strange, that
those who cry loudeSt and
longest about the menace of
communism should turn
around and emulate the die
tatorial methods employed
by the Communists. Control
of ideaS-control Of thought
is one Of the most effective
methods used by the Com
munists to control entire
populations.
Robert w. Kiger.
4 4
Congratulations to the
Fairfax County Public Lii
brary for standing up to the
pressure from the American
Legion to censor films. 1t is
always disheartening to see
sincere patriotic organiza-
tions acting to undermine
the democratic principles
which they misguidedly think
they are defending.
Andrew E. Rice,
Vice Chairman, Washington
Chapter. American Veter-
ans Committee.
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Fred LoWton, Coreerist

When Frederick ]. Lawton was ap-
pointed Director of the Budget in 1850,
one of his colleagues remarked: "Bu-
reau chiefs may come and 90 but
Lawton goes on forever" He could not
have more graphically epitomized the
work of a man Washington may we'll
afford to remember as a model for
the dedicated and successful Govern
ment career employe.
BY 1850, Mr.. Lawton already had
put in nearly 80 years with the Gov
ernment, not counting the summer Jobs
which helped him through Georgetown
University. AS executive assistant, he
helped guide five other Budget Directors
through the fiscal maze. President
Truman, who knew the worth of career
men, elevated him to the top. And
finally, in the shift of administrations,
he spent a decade on the Civil Service
Commission.
1t was in this most recent position
that Fred Lawton, ever mindful of his
own ascent through the ranks, urged
greater opportunities, merit raises and
promotions for other career men and
women. He pumped for an administra-
tive staff college to advance outstand-
ing employees to the executive level.
Now, after more than 40 years, Mr..
Lawton is closing out a service which
should stand as an example and in
Spiration for other careerists. Washing
ton, where he was born and made good.
wishes him well-deserved happiness.
Evening star., 1963-05-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condensd-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Lily Spundorf Fan

I do want you TO know how
thoroughly delighted I am
when / open The Star and
find a picture by Lily Span
dorf. Please print them In
your paper more frequently.
Jacqueline II. Raynor.
Evening star., 1963-05-03
A BOOK FOR TODAY
A Proud Page From Americas Past
By DONALD MINTZ

A HISTORY OF THE MON
ROE DOCTRINE. BY Dex-
ter Perkins. "a new revi-
sion of the book originally
published under the title
Hands Off: A History Of
the Monroe Doctrine.") Il
lus., 462 PIP. little, Brown
and Co.: softbound0
For many years, Dexter
Perkins, recently retired from
Cornell University, has been
a student of the Monroe Doc
trine. His general, book
length discussion appeared in
1941, was revised in 1856, and
is now offered in a new re-
vision.
Prof. Perkins chair re-
quired public lectures to the
university at large. Genera
tions of students admired his
extraordinary command of
sources, his sonorous and
sometimes barbed style, and
above all, his constant striv-
ing for a balanced, unbiased
point of view.
All of these characteristics
are apparent in "A History
of the Monroe Doctrine"
Prof. Perkins remarks that
Monroe's warnings against
Russian colonization on what
was to become the West
Coast anC. his declaration
that with the Oatin Amer
ican) governments who have
declared their independence
and maintained 1t, and whose
independence we have E.
acknowledged, we could not
view any interposition for
the purpose of depressing
them, or controlling in any
other manner their destiny,
by any European power in
any other light than as the
manifestation of an un-
friendly disposition toward
the United States" we're d.
rected towards an illusory
danger. Moreover, I'VE shall
be making an error If we
imagine that the policies of
the European powers were
much influenced by the SOL
emn warnings Of Monroe"
HE THEN PROCEEDS to
insure a balanced attitude:
"Yet it will not do, because
the peril to the independence
Of the new states was in
large degree illusory. to de-
preciate unduly the signifi-
canoe Of Monroe's message.
To say nothing Of its long
time Importance, of its
epoch-making character in
the perspective of more than
a century, there is still much
to be said for 1t from the
viewpoint Of 1923. We
must obviously assess the
Presidents action in the light
Of its own time. The cab
met discussions make 1t clear
that whether or not a Sc
rious danger existed. Monroe
thought 1t existed. In
such circumstances, TO speak
out boldly was no mere cheap
and easy gesture, no mere
brutum Julmen, launched in
the secure knowledge that
the step taken would be made
good by the armed might Of
Britain. It was an act, II not
OF unmitigated audacity. at
least Of calculated courage.
The Monroe Doctrine was
at first no doctrine but an
enunciation Of current policy.
Very little was made Of II
during the 20 years follow
ing its promulgation.
Then in 1858, a contro-
versy developed with Great
Britain. a controversy that
received considerable con-
gressional attention. "In ear
lier discussions" writes Prof.
Evening star., 1963-05-03
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

A reader can get an answer by
writing The Star Information Bu-
rean, 63b y street NV. WashlnEton
:. d c Please inclose return post
ase OF sell addressed. stamped
Evening star., 1963-05-03

assuming that the Senate does not
upset the apple cart) will be a big
improvement over the past.