davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01

With the stroke Of a pen, so to
speak, one man may have set the stage
to put Northeast Airlines out Of business.
This, without undue exaggeration, could
turn out to be the practical result of
the recent to decision by the Civil
AeronauticS Board In the New York-to-
Miami case.
The announcement containing the
bad news did say that "the board is pre-
pared to substitute Northeast's opera
tions north Of New York City as soon as
Northeast ceases operations south of
New York" This, If one may say so, mis-
conceives the fact. The CAB can't sub
Sidize anything. II Northeast, shorn of
the relatively lucrative Miami-run bust
ness, continues to serve New England
on subsidized basis, the public, not the
CAB, will foot the bill for the subsidy.
Let's be very clear on this point. And as
long as the public can stand the gaff,
any kind Of uneconomic operation, or
any kind Of bureaucratic mismanage-
ment, can be kept afloat. Just keep
those subsidies coming in.
From the record, it would appear
that there simply hasn't been enough
business on the Florida run to support
operations by three airlineS. Northeast
and Eastern, on their entire operations,
have been losing heavily. The news re-
ports don't give details with respect to
the third line, National, but presumably
it isn't getting rich. The anticipated
revenues simply haven't materialized,
and so Northeast, being the last one in,
becomes the first to be bounced out.
Presumably Eastern and National, at
least in this area, will do nicely with
the field to themselves.
Northeast has It's headquarters in
Boston, and Massachusetts, Senators
Kennedy and Saltonstall have asked the
Department of Justice to look into the
CAB. ruling. The Department says it
will do so.
One may doubt that much will come
Of this. For the CAB, which recently re-
fused to permit merger of Eastern
and American, presumably has ample
authority to squeeze Northeast out of
the Florida business, even though 1t
overruled Its own hearing examiner in
doing so. Still, this was a 3 to 2 ruling.
And II a person really believes in the
concept Of competition and survival of
the fittest, this is an awful lot Of eco
nomic power to put In the hands of one
man.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01

result of the reform already has doubled
the number of Negro supervisors in the
department.
Commercially, Mr.. Day has not hit
the headlines by banning books of the
Lady Chatterley's Lover ilk. All the
same, arrests and convictions of pur-
veyors Of truly obscene materials rose
nearly 100 per cent.
While not uniformly successful, Mr..
Days efforts to improve mail service
also has stressed long-range benefits.
His emphasis has been on strengthening
service to the largest users-2,500 firms
sending and receiving so per cent of
the mail. To facilitate this, mail users
councils were set up in 800 cities.
Overall, Mr.. Day should be credited
with thoroughly professional job which
he undertook without political back
ground or motivation. It may be Just
as well he is moving on to law practice
before the political bug does bite him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
The Bard Makes Good

When The Bard wrote "All the
worlds a stage" he might have added
for Shakespearean plays" At least this
summer, 400 years minus one since his
birth, America is all a-twitter over this
most successful Of playwrights.
Promoters from coast to coast are
agog about the enthusiasm engendered
by more than a dozen festivals. They
estimate that half a million playgoers
will take in these productions, and that
more than SO per cent Of the audiences
will be between is and rs years of age.
And the kids don't mind at all sitting
through little rain to watch Romeo
WOO Juliet. Since nobody we know of
has evaluated Shakespeare as a beatnik
poet, there still may be hope for this
younger generation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
Assoteogue Showdown

One after another, Marylands public
agencies have Solidly lined up for Fed
eral development of Assateague Island
as seashore playground for all the
people. Each has contributed additional
reasons why the narrow, 33-mile barrier
reef is impractical for private develop
lnent, though ideal for national resort.
If convincing proof were needed,
It came from the State Planning De-
partment. Ironically, the agency used
q report prepared for foes Of the Federal
project to make its strongest points.
The report was excepted from master
plan for Worcester County, whose Of
ficials favor private ownership But the
study warns that only 16 per cent of
the subdivided land is safe for indi-
vidual development. To put the re-
mainder above sea level, II million cubic
yards Of fill would be needed.
The lineup for public ownership
now is imposing: The Departments of
Health and Of Forests and Parks; the
Maryland Economic Development Com
mission, and the State Board Of Natural
Resources. This adds up to about every
one who counts, officially, except the
Board of Public Works, which has the
final say.
Unofficially, an unexpected voice
raised recently for public use is that
Of Leon Alderman, the Washington
developer who sold some $500 island
lots to $500 persons, many Of whom
are now resisting condemnation of the
property. Ten years after the sale of
the land, Mr.. Alderman agrees with
those who say that the millions now
needed for protective measures, water
and sewerage makes private building
impracticable. Like Interior Secretary
Udall, he believes the Federal Govern
ment holds the key to Assateague's
future. No doubt the purchasers of his
lots will wish he had thought of this
in the first place. But, as Mr.. Acker-
man says, no one was thinking about
sewage in those days, and his present
position unquestionably is realistic.
Thus the final innings have arrived
in the long game Of what to do about
this strip Of sand-too expensive for
private development; too valuable, with
its rarely found seashore, to be lost
forever. Gov. Tawes has called public
hearing in Baltimore before he and
two other Board of Public Works men,
bers make their decision. Every logical
argument so far has reached the same
conclusion: Federal purchase and de-
velopment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
Price Sterilization

Your July "a editorial on
price sterilization fails to
reveal the truth and motives
OF the pending legislation.
The Quality Sterilization
Bill, II and when enacted into
law, will benefit the consumer
and at the same time prevent
the extinction Of four million
small business men. It will
curb retail-price juggling-a
form Of deceitful, unfair
competition which tricks the
consumer, destroys small
business and cheapens valu-
able trademarks.
Price-juggling discounters
and predatory cut-raters use
schemes to make money.
They destroy competition and
eventually create a monopoly.
They offer popular brands as
bait bargains, so-called loss
leaders, to make the consumer
think that everything he buys
is a bargain. They thus lure
and trick the customer into
buying other blind items at
hidden high prices which
more than cover the losses on
the bait bargains.
The legislators on Capitol
Hill will not be influenced by
editorials and pressure groups.
Herman Morton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
Dramatic Moment

The newspaper pictures of Negro
minister walking the streets of Danville,
Va, in his bare feet and bathrobe ap-
parently belong in the publicity-stunt
category. At any rate the minister's wife
had brought his regular clothes to him
at the city hall, but he refused to put
them on until he had walked some three
blocks in front Of the cameras. The
minister, the Rev. L. W. Chase, said he
had done this on the advice of NAACP
lawyer. "This," he added, sis dramatic
moment"
AS to this, one is entitled to his own
opinion. There is no room for doubt,
however, with respect to the events
which preceded the bathrobe parade. At
4 o'clock that morning the police went
to Mr.. Chase'S home to arrest him for
allegedly contributing to the delinquent
cy Of his minor children by permitting
them to march in demonstration. The
police knocked on the door and Mr..
Chase, in his bathrobe, responded. When
he saw the officers in the darkness he
tried to close the door. But they grabbed
him and then charged him additionally
with resisting arrest. With that he was
hauled off to jail until released on bond.
There is no difficulty in finding the
right word for this. 1t was not dra-
matte moment. 1t was diSgraceful per-
formance-the kind Of thing that was
expected In Hitler's Germany or Stains
Russia, but hardly what one would ex-
pect in Thomas JefferSon's State of
Virginia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
The Lesser of Two Dangerous Evils
By RALPH McGILL

in the job, could hire avail
able physicists, buy the uran-
ium, or, for that matter, en-
rlched plutonium, and begin
manufacture. Certainly any
nation that has the money
can begin construction Of a
nuclear plant any day it
wishes.
There is reason toNDelieve
that a handful Of older type
atomic bombs, relatively
small, already are being boot
legged around in interna-
tional circles. The idea of a
test ban is to try and stop
proliferation Of the weapons
and their manufacture. One
would have to admit that
there would be q chance for
any nation so agreeing to
carry on secret operations
short Of testing. It might be
possible, as aforesaid, to
sneak in an underground test
In q region where earth
quakes occur. But that Is a
chance that may be worth
taking hoping that in
spection procedures will be
such that cheaters would be
caught. The other choice is
even more frightening. It
may not scare you to think
OF Nasser, Castro, or ambi-
tious army leaders Of Syria
and other small countries
having a few atom bombs on
hand-but 1t scares me. A test
ban merits the serious atten-
ton Of all those who hope for
civilization to escape the ulti-
mate end Of a test race.
POlaris an Advantage
AS matters stand, the So
viets are not believed to be
ahead Of us. They do have
more powerful engines for
the long shots and for put
ting heavier objects In orbit.
But Mr.. Khrushchev has been
frank enough to say, In his
debate with the Chinese, that
his own country is vulnerable
to United States attack. 1t is.
Our Polaris submarine is an
advantage which. If we care
to indulge in comparisons Of
dubious value, offsets the So
Wet boosters.
1t is hardly likely that Mr..
Khrushchev wants TO try a
Pearl Harbor. His sudden ac-
ceptance Of a test ban came
after he had made a decision
about China. He will be very
busy with his own Pearl Har-
Dor fears and with the long
border he has with his sullen
neighbors. The world Is In for
some new, and perhaps ma
jor, political shifts and align
ments. The test ban is a sane
and proper step - being the
lesser Of two dangerous evils.
90 ip63D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
Men From Mars

AS a member Of the Ma
tional Investigations Com
mittee on Aerial Phenomena
NICAP), I object to the way
the Air Force is handling
the UFO Unidentified fly
ing objects) situation. The
Air Force debunks UFOs.
saying they don't exist. The
fact is quite the contrary,
UFOs are definitely real and
OF extraterrestial nature.
The public should be told
the truth about flying
saucers." Many Congressman
and others who are more in
formed on the subject than
myself feel the same way. DR..
Carl Jung. famed psycholo-
gist, stated In reference to
the AT treatment of UFOs
that this is the most unpsy-
Geological and stupid policy
one could invent. The
public ought to be told the
truth"
Consider the case reported
by a Navy commander, a
pilot and missile expert.
While on a practice flight
over Virginia, his plane was
paced by a large disc flying
Is yards from his wing. The
disc was apparently metallic,
about 100 feet In diameter,
and thick at the center with
a domed top. An amber light
In the dome prevented his
seeing inside. When he tried
to ease in closer, the disc
tilted UP and shot through
the overcast, leaving the
clouds swirling behind IL.
Certainly this pilot was not
having Authorizations since
his encounter is very similar
to hundreds OF other UFO
reports.
II the Air Force is afraid
Of starting a Nationwide
panic, imagine what will
happen when the inevitable
meeting with beings from
other planets finally takes
place. Dennis EdgingtOn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
A LOSING Battle

Certain Senators have
stated they want to stop an
exodus of relatively youthful
generals, admirals and col
onelS who retire after 20
years land then step into
some fat job" with defense
industries. The remedy they
suggest is that any military
retirement pay be cut back
If retired officers earned $22-
500 or more on private jobs,
which is the pay of Senators
and Representatives.
If the proposal is meritori-
GUS, there is no apparent rea-
son for limiting it to gen.
erals, admirals, etc.
Since retirement pay is
compensation, not a pension,
1t is given for services rem
dered to rich and poor alike:
otherwise. it would be a char
ity melted out only to those
in need. The modern retire.
ment pay concept has devel-
oped far beyond the original
ideal of a bounty or gratu-
ity, granted in recognition
OF meritorious past services.
The fact that some indi-
viduals can step out of uni
form into civilian jobs paying
them 10 or 20 times their
military salary demonstrates
that they were underpaid
while in the service and the
retirement pay granted them
is only small compensation
for the services rendered for
which they were not paid full
and adequate compensation
at the time Of rendition Of
such services.
II the complaint were lin
TIED to the fact that rela-
lively youthful officers may
retire after 20 years, even
though they are capable of
continuing to render valua-
BILE services to the Govern
ment. the proper remedy is
to legislate that, In the fu-
ture, no officer, deemed
capable of continuing to rem
der valuable services, shall be
retired. Before enacting such
legislation, a study should be
made TO determine whether
the 20-year provision should
be extended to a greater
number Of years or omitted
entirely in the face of the
risk OF discouraging capable
persons from seeking mill
tary careers or remaining
therein.
I am Informed that the
House passed q bill on JULY
y. 1868 under which certain
civil servants may be retired
at full pay after 10 years
service. ID. George PASTOR,
chairman, National Legislative,
Committee, Disabled Officer.
Association.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry ,DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condensd-
ton. Those not used iDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01

IL was just q coincidence,
but nonetheless a nudge in
the ribs by the elbow of Des-
tiny. that on the day of the
modest but initial teSt-ban
agreement in Moscow, the
United Arab Republic pa
raded four two-stage rockets
with a range Of $50 miles.
All Premier Nasser needs
to do is place nuclear war
heads in his rockets and he
is In business. It was also
on this day that a congress-
man raised his voice to pro-
test the test ban, saying it
would allow the Soviets to
experiment in secret and
would, therefore, make us
vulnerable to another Pearl
Harbor." There will be more
of these voices. They stop
short Of the alternative. The
only other choice is to keep
on making better nuclear
weapons and proliferating
the technology and tools Of
manufacture until everyone
has them.
There is a certain infan-
tilism in the arguments adj
vanced by some congressman
and echoed by others outside
the Capitol. 1t is not pos
sible to make new weapons
without testing. And test
ing can be rather we'll de-
tected expect under the
ground. The sub-surface
defamation can be detected,
but If they are set off in an
area that has earthquakes
they are almost impossible to
separate from nature. That
is why the on-site .aspec-
tons were demanded. Even
so, a major proportion of
these and their areas of det-
onation can be determined.
At any rate, the business of
secret testing is not easy.
Other Choice Plain
Thanks to Mr.. Nasser, we
see very plainly what the
other choice is. For all we
know. the Arab messiah al
ready has some nuclear war
heads to fit his small rockets.
The old ones work very well.
They will kill only thou
sands and not hundreds of
thousands.
There is a certain idiocy of
belief In some quarters. Some
persons really seem TO believe
that the United States had a
monopoly Of knowledge on
atom bombs and that spies
sold 1t TO the Russians and
now only they and we know
how TO make nuclear explo-
sives. Nothing could be far
ther from the truth. II the
law permitted, any corpora
ton In the world, interested
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01

cess story Of the nuclear test
agreement.
j. F. K. skillfully presented
an effective and appealing re-
port, at the same time being
careful not to go overheard
and invite undue Republican
criticism.
Both Kennedy and Khru-
shchev seem pleased with the
partial test ban. However,
Premier Khrushchev errcne-
ously leaves the impression
the Soviets made concessions
to the West which were d.
rectly responsible for the test
ban understanding; there
fore the Russians should be
entitled to special privileges
when the East-West meet
again to consider a non-ag-
erosion pact between the
NATO and Warsaw treaty
countries.
Herbert SOmmers.
y y 4 y
General de Gaulle is right
in refusing to sign the treaty
which most of the larger
countries are now falling over
themselves to sign simply be-
cause they are asked to sign
by Premier Khrushchev. The
General is too much Of a
statesman to be trapped by
the Kremlin. It is too bad
that this country does not
have a few De Gaulles in it
at this time.
G. b. Barnes.
4 4
At last the teSt-bAn step
into a world of sanity in af-
fairs between nations! It is
another step towards the end
of war, q step long overdue,
since Nagasaki, when man at
tanned the power to destroy
all mankind!
We must now move on, to
further steps, to peace on
earth for all time, to the only
hope-for generations still
unborn!
KhruShchev has acted to
make agreement possible af-
ter voicing concern for ap-
parent Red Chinese aspira-
ton to inherit the earth
after the USSR and the USA
had destroyed one another in
unleashed atomic war. We
unleashed atomic war. We and
the USSR must now persuade
all nations to ratify this test
ban treaty quickly, before Red
China and more nations at
tain the bomb, before agree
ment becomes a forlorn
hope. And we must reach
further agreement on the
basic problem, the problem of
how to solve differences be-
tween nations as BELTS this
atomic age, in justice, and in
peace. Only then will no ma
ton have need to fear an
other. Only then can the fear
OF war, of world destruction
be ended. Lyman Cunin.
We lost China under Tru-
man and Cuba under Eisen-
hover. Will Kennedy finish
the job? If we sign the nu-
clear test ban and disarm,
freedom once lost is never
regained.
Pearl w. Norman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01

The Nations 1000 larg-
est corporations are expected
to be successful in persuad-
ing Congress to forbid the
Federal Trade Commission
to mail out a QUESTIONABLE
designed to determine the
present extent of concentra-
ton in industry.
The ETC, empowered by
law to require corporations
to respond to questions on
their operations, has been
planning for over a year to
send out a detailed ques-
tionnaire to the 1000 larg-
est companies. It's purpose
is to secure basic informa-
ton on the trend Of the
past decade in terms of mer-
gers, inter locking direc-
torates, and monopolies.
The broad nature of the
inquiry raised an imme-
diate charge from business
that the ETC was embarked
on q fishing expedition in
the complex waters Of the
antitrust laws. Spokesman
for the major industries
maintained that the burden
of providing answers to
seven pages Of questions in
volving IL years of opera
tons would be intolerable.
All the data could be OBJ
tanned, many argued, from
the Business Census, the
corporate tax returns, and
from various Government
agencies particularly the
Securities and Exchange
Commission.
The chairman of the ETC,
an aggressive ex-football
star named Rand Dixon, re-
sponded that the materi-
al could not be compiled in
Washington in form that
would provide the agency
with a solid overall picture
of industrial concentration.
Individual replies to the
Business Census are held
closely by the Census Bureau
and only the total break
downs by industries are re-
leased.
The fact Is that officials
in the ETC and the Justice
Department, altho ugh
charged with protecting the
public against trusts and
monopolies, depend for
their surveillance on clippings
from the daily press and
and trade journals. Data
can be subpoenaed on sus-
piciouS cases, but the
Government does not have
the basic information that
would enable officials to de-
fine accurately the trend of
industrial concentration or
to think In broad terms
about the nature of the
problem and its remedies.
Pick on Little Firms
The lack Of this informa-
ton is a factor in the unfor-
tunate hodge-podge which
has grown around the whole
area of antitrust enforce
ment. Researching for his
book Competition and Mo-
nopoly," Mark Massel found
that 20 Federal agencies are
involved in upholding IS
antitrust statutes and that
the prosecuting agencies tend
to pick on the little compa-
MES that will consent quickly
to the allegations in order to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-01
FOCUS ON THE NEWS
BY CHARLES BARTLETT
Blocking FTC's Industry Query

avoid legal expenses. The
prosecutors seem to be en-
gagged in a numbers game of
which the object is to run up
an impressive total Of ac-
tons, regardless of their eco
nomic Importance
On the business side, Mr..
Massel found the attitude has
become almost totally de-
fensive. Operating people
who know the incentive sys-
tenn and could assist the
Government to develop a
more constructive approach
to the antitrust problem are
inhibited by their concern
with avoiding the pitfalls of
the present system. Almost to
a man, business leaders say
they would like to establish
rules they could understand
and live by, but they have
not been willing to exert the
initiative that would encour-
age the Government to re-
solve the maze of ambigui-
ties.
The result Is an economic
guerrilla warfare in which
such basic questions as
whether industrial concen-
tration is q menace to the
public welfare or a desirable
result of the competitive
process are left unsettled. The
economy grows more complex
and the big companies get
bigger and no one is certain
exactly what is happening to
the factor Of competition.
See Mistake
Some impartial observers
believe the 1000 largest COM
panies are making q mistake
In seeking to block the FTCs
QUESTIONABLE. The extent of
concentrations may well be
exaggerated in the public
mind and the uncertainty on
the actual facts inevitably
plays into the hands Of dema-
gogues who pit themselves
against big business and play
on popular fears.
Certainly, If Congress
agrees to attach a prohibi-
ton against the question:
naire to the ETC appropria-
tons bill, the big corpora
lions will be exposed to a
charge that they have
welded political power to
avoid a legal inquiry into
their operations. Politicians
are naturally disposed to &C
commodate the united wish
Of the 1000 largest corpora
tons, but the question will
arise as to whether this &C.
commodation was in the ma
tional interest.
A key facet Of the issue is
whether the QUESTIONABLE is
an undue burden upon the
companies. The Budget Bu-
reau worked with industry
experts for months to sim
pity the form, and Govern
ment statisticians maintain
the responses will not entail
excessive expenditures of time
and money. Industry officials
insist the statistical require
ments are almost beyond the
range Of possibility.
The odds are strong that
Congress will kill the ques-
tionnaire but the quest for
better information on the
trends Of industrial owner
ship will continue.
@1963