davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-02-12
EarIy Wormup

New York'S Governor Nelson Rookie
feller is talking like a man with plans,
such as stalking out an early and firm
claim to the 1864 Republican presiden-
tial nomination. In any event, he is
currently qualifying as the most persist
ent critic Of the Kennedy administra-
ton on all fronts-internation and
domestic-and in terms that reflect a
certain zeSt for the work. Indeed, he
seems to have spar a supporting in
dorSement-of his criticism, If not of
his candidacy-in the Republican con-
gressional leadership'S blast yesterday at
the administrations "inept conduct of
our foreign affairs"
There are grounds for assuming
that Mr. Rockefeller has the clearest
shot at the big nomination If he wants
it. Although his exercise in indeciSion
annoyed some Of his party colleagues
in 1860, and his liberalism" does not
appeal to others, the New Yorker has the
nucleus OF national organization and
the asset Of being two-time winner in
the Empire State. While it is possible
that bright futures lie ahead for such
freshman" Republican Governors as
Scranton Of Pennsylvania, Romney of
Michigan and even Rhodes of Ohio, they
have yet to prove themselves as chief
executives or as nationally known fig
ures. Arizona's Senator Goldwater has
the disadvantage not only of coming
from small State, but of personifying
a conservatism that has not been truly
represented at the top Of a G. o. p.
ticket since ALI Landons near disaster
Of 1885. And nothing at all has been
heard lately from former Vice President
Nixon.
At the moment, the role of chief
critic OF the Democratic administration
has some built-in advantages. In the
foreign affairs field, there is certain
amount OF disarray about our relation
ships with allies in Western Europe and
with Western Hemisphere neighbors to
the North and South alike. The admin
istration's record Of accomplishment in
the domestic field has fallen short OF
its own promises, and this years crop
OF legislative recommendations to Con-
gress thus far has aroused little excite
ment and virtually no action.
1t is much too early yet, however,
to attempt any judgment on what the
administration may be able to produce as
a record by middle or late 1854 And 1t
is pretty early, too, for Republican
presidential aspirant TO be too far out
in front In bidding for his own partys
favor. It makes the target easier to sight,
by the head-hunters of either party.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
Man in the Middle

While their timing was surprising,
the Commissioners decision to denote
Gerard M. Shea from his post as District
welfare director was not. Abuses in the
relief program, disclosed by the Byrd
subcommittee last fall, were reflections
on the competency Of administration in
an agency of which Mr.. Shea was the
chief administrator. His effort to rem
edy the abuses brought him under at
tack from those who wanted a further
liberalization of welfare benefits, and
who resented his moves to tighten up on
the recipients. He was in an impossible
position, and the wholesale shake-up Of
the Welfare Department, still in prog
reSs, involved his ultimate removal.
In seeking new director the Com
missionerS have cast no slur on the in
tegrity or earnestness of Mr.. Shea. No
one has attacked his motives, and he
may continue to render useful service
in less exacting position in the depart
ment.
One does not envy his successor,
whoever he may be. Contentious that
the welfare scandals of the last year are
attributable to the so-called restrictive"
policies of the Welfare Department are
Misrepresentation Of the facts. The
truth is that the departure of Mr.. Shea
from the directors office will not re-
solve the very complex and difficult
decisions involving the future policy and
course of the welfare program-policy
questions over which there are sharp
differences Of opinion in the community
and which, in any event, are ultimately
determined by the Commissioners and
by Congress, rather than the man who
inherits the hot spot.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
A Two-Bit Question

Somewhere between the first crocus
and the first robin each year, there's
almost certain to be raised the question
of whether citizens should be charged
rs cents each for guided tours OF their
Capitol. One or more legislators, right
eously incensed, are almost certain to
deplore the custom and introduce meas
ures to put the guides on Federal pay
roll instead Of an unregulated fee system.
This year is no exception. The hue
and cry has been raised, the bills are
Evening star., 1963-02-12
Humane Research
Ruby Upton Curd.

What has happened to the
proposed legislation for en-
forceable humane treatment
of laboratory animals2
1t is to be hoped that The
Star will give sustained COW
erage TO this legislation.
Betty Beale's story OF Octo-
Der 3. 1862. was news. Most
Americans have undoubtedly
assumed. as / did, that at
least the more eminent and
presumably enlightened insti-
tutions followed humane prac-
tices. Yet. the testimony be-
fore Congressman Kenneth A.
Roberts committee, as re-
ported by Betty Beale. ex-
posed unnecessary inhumane
treatment OF research ami
mails - with the naming OF
such institutions as the Ma
tional Institutes OF Health.
the office OF Naval Research.
the University Of Rochester
and Tulane University.
When top scientists who
have made real contributions
TO medical research state that
enforced humane law is more
advantageous both TO animals
and TO research. such legis-
lation could restrain only the
pseudo scientific experiment
talist, the calloused. the COM
mercial, the sadistic or the
inept.
X. II. Sessions.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
Technically

AS one who regards The
Star as among the leading
newspapers Of this country,
1t panied me TO notice in
the issue OF February 3 the
headline New Senate Dis
poses Of First Real Fight"
It would appear that your
headline writer has inadvert-
emily given comfort TO those
that would deny that the Sem
ate OF the United States is a
continuing body.
There can be no new"
Senate. II is the very same
body constitutionally and In
point Of law that assembled
on the first day OF It's meet
ing In 1889.
Thomas G. Brennan.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Titanic River Flows in Atlantic
By THOMAS R. HENRY

There is a titanic undersea
river in the Atlantic. It is
the so-called equatorial un-
dercurrent which will be ex-
plored this year by ships Of
the Woods Hole (Mass.)
Oceanographic Institute.
This stream, according to
a Woods Hole report, zap
pears to be a strong, steady
easterly flow centered on the
equator and extending in
width only a hundred miles
or so to the north and south.
1t lies normally beneath the
thin surface layer Of westerly
drift although during periods
of prolonged calms It's effects
may be felt at the surface.
THE water to the north
and south, as well as above
and below, all moves to the
west.
High Salinity Core
THE high salinity core in
the strongest part of the
flow is an identifying charac-
teristic Of the undercurrent
in the region thus far
studied. Preliminary esti-
mates of the currents vol
ume of flow put 1t in the
order Of 40 million cubic
meters per second, or about
half the flow of the Gulf
Stream off New England.
"The beginning and end OF
the undercurrent are not yet
known but 1t is obvious that
this flow is a tremendously
important feature Of the cir
culation system Of the equa-
torial regions. The Russian
oceanographic ship Lomono-
sov will be working In the
same area and II is hoped
that a number Of compari-
sons can be made between
our own techniques and those
Of the Soviet ships.
Observations will involve
scattering layer studies. tow
ing for plankton, midwater
trawling. and large volume
sampling for radio-isotope
studies"
The National Academy OF
Sciences has Just given its
approval TO fish flour" for
underfed populations OF the
world. II consists OF whole
fish Of all sorts ground into
a fine power which can be
used like any sort OF grain
flour.
II is cheap and can be pro-
duced In abundance. II must
include. however, everything
scales. gills, intestines. eye
balls. Separation OF the sup
posedly edible parts Of fish
would make II far too expen-
sive.
Evening star., 1963-02-12

The product has been con-
demned for sale In this coun-
try by the Food and Drug
Administration. knowledge
Of what is contained, It is
held, actually would turn the
stomachs of most persons.
But If 1t Is actually safe, the
National Academy maintains,
this argument hardly would
apply to populations suffer-
ing a severe depletion Of es-
sential proteins in their diets.
Nothing really harmful was
found in the fish flour.
Needs No Refrigeration
The flour is stable with
out refrigeration. can be kept
indefinitely. shipped long dis
tances, and is essentially
tasteless. The Academy study
was carried out at the
request of the Interior De-
partment's Bureau of Com
mercial Fisheries. which sees
fish flour as a new and siz-
able source Of income for the
troubled American fishing in
dustry.
Actually, the Academy in
vestigators found. the prod
uct is more wholesome than
many other sea foods. Need
OF further research is stressed
In the Academy report. how
ever. to control the quality OF
the product.
Folks with tender stomachs
Just do not need 10 eat It,
leaving more for less fortu-
nate fellowmen.
Evening star., 1963-02-12

in the long run, dealing with
one Plantagenet would be a
lot easier on our State De-
partment than dealing with
De Gaulle and a British
Labor government.
A Plantagenet would have
some drawbacks they we're
extravagant (but what gov
ernment isn't?) and a trifle
overbearing (but nothing to
compare with De Gaulle).
But, they were winners;
and England needs a winner
now, in the worst way.
David ]. Hatmaker.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
Pans Transit Plan

"A pOLlClCdl compromise, Cne
National Capital Transporta-
ton Agency's transit plan
mirrors the enormous power
of the automobile, oil, and
highway interests because it
proposes too little too late at
too great a cost. The Meta
plan is honeycombed with pro-
highway assumptions which
silently take for granted ruin
of the compact residential
city and the inevitability of
suburban sprawl.
Underlying the proposed
META plan is the tacit as
sumption that public transit
is an overflow valve which
exists primarily to facilitate
rush-hour communication be-
tween downtown office
buildings and suburban
parking lots. Oriented to the
convenience of suburban
motorists, the transit plan
discriminates against Dis
trict residents in several i'm
portant respects.
Suburban convenience die
tates costly subway con-
struction throughout the en-
tire length of the system
with as few stops as posi-
BILE. This adds enormously to
the cost of facilities which,
while they lie within the Dis
trict, do not serve the Dis
trict. The resulting sparsity
of rail lines and infrequency
Of stops renders the system
relatively inflexible as far as
Washington residents are
concerned. Geared to rush.
hour commutation, the plan
disregards the fiscal facts of
life by abandoning surface
operation to internal COM
bustion vehicles and refusing
to integrate with local serv-
ice so as to build a unified
financially sustaining sys-
tenn.
The Meta plan is loaded
with technical gimmicks. For
example. the plan proposes a
city-to-suburb New York
City-type subway system
which cannot be placed in
operation until the construc-
ton Of any one line has been
completed throughout It's
length. The resulting delay
gives the highway promoters
several years to push to
completion their already well
developed programs, while on
the other hand. the potential
earning capacity Of the rail
system is jeopardized by the
long delay which may fix
travel patterns irretrievably
to the detriment of the
transit system.
Abandonment Of existing
surface rail facilities betrays
the political compromise in
volved and tips the hand Of
Meta because a downtown
subway for surface electric
cars is still the most
economical and practical So
luton despite the wrecking
Of the street railway sys-
TEN. Bus conversion was a
decided step backward for
public transit and has been
so understood by the enemies
Of public transit who sur
reptitiously engineered this
gross fraud on the people. In
relation to. the root problem
OF urban survival, the Mini
bus" is Just one more laugh
able gimmick, a labored and
unfunny joke on the public.
Mark A. Lillis.
Evening star., 1963-02-12

Q. Why are the Blue Laws
so-called2-VK.
A, This term signifying a
strict moral code got It's
name through British sneers
directed at the rebellious
American colonists. The Rev.
Samuel Peters, a passionate
Tory. returned TO England in
l774, and 10 discredit the
United States, published "A
General History OF Connecti-
cut" tl78D In which he said
that the Americans kept a
legal code found In a blue
book that forbade travel
ling, cooking. sweeping. cut
ting hair. or cooking victuals
on the Sabbath" So much did
the Englishmen deride these
laws that the term has re-
mained ever since.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
Mental HeuIthers'

III SplCe OF improvements IN
the understanding and treat
ment Of mental alterations,
the. American people are be-
ing subjected to an unceas-
ing barrage of mental
health" agitation. News and
entertainment media inces-
sanity publicize our indi-
vidual and collective insan-
ity; psychiatry is being sub
stituted for religion from
some pulpits and indoctrina-
ton in the schools is so
thorough that the spelling
books never list the word
mental" unless its twin
health" appears beside it.
Now the President joins the
chorus and tells us that an
expanded mental health"
program will, among other
things, reduce the popula-
tions of mental institutions.
In the interests Of justice
and our heritage of freedom,
we should pray that Con-
gress and the voters unwrap
the mental health" package
and look inside before they
invest more millions in it.
There is no doubt that the
Presidents expanded program
will produce more mental
health" propaganda. more
psychiatristS, more mental
health" clinics and more
mental hospital-prisons. 1t is
also likely to provide more
mentally Ill" citizens to fill
them as the pressures for
conformity increase and the
psychiatrists broaden the
base of insanity" to include
all those who so much as
whisper a criticism of the
U.N., the bureaucracy, or the
Presidents policies.
We need to deflate not in
flate the already swollen
mental health" program by
abolishing our easy commit
ment laws, established on the
pretext that they protect the
insane" from the rigors of
public trial. Unless we all
want to become recipients Of
involuntary mental" treat
ment we should make haste
to nullify Section 4244 Of
U. s. Code 18 which was
used to incarcerate General
Walker and which jeopardizes
due process and the liberty
of every citizen who attempts
to exercise his Constitu-
tional right Of free speech.
Then we need a new law
requiring that anyone who
brings an insanity charge"
against another be required
to prove it, without the
shadow Of a doubt, in words
of one syllable, before a jury
and duly constituted court Of
law or be sued for libel. This
would clear out the mental
institutions faster than any
expensive panacea OF the
mental healthers."
1t is also high time that
we regained confidence in
our own sanity. Our minds
must be pretty tough; other
wise how could so many Of
us have endured so much for
so long?
Evening star., 1963-02-12

Thomas Dodd has charged
that school construction in
Fairfax County, under the
supervision of the Fairfax
County School Administra-
tion's Mr.. Woodbridge and
Mr.. Funderburk, is being and
has been accepted and paid
for without requiring certain
contractors and subcontrac-
tors to meet specification re-
quirements. On the record,
these charges have yet to be
answered.
The recently released re-
port by Mills, Petticord and
Mills concerning their in
spection of the Mark Twain
intermediate School is typi-
cal of most of the verbiage
of the past few months, in
that 1t states that that
school building is not un-
safe for use. Who charged
that it was? Mr.. Dodd's claim
was that construction at
Mark Twain land many
other schools) was not of
the quality demanded by the
specifications and paid for
by the Fairfax County tax
payers upon acceptance by
the School Administration
(also paid for by those
same taxpayers). The Mills,
Petticord and Mills re-
port, in fact, supports the
original charge by, for
example, indicating a large
deficiency in the number Of
wall-ties used land accepted,
although far below the num-
Der specified). Thus, the
School Administration has
succeeded in beclouding the
issue by painStakingly land
expensively) preparing a
public defense to charges
never made in the first place.
What Mr.. Dodd originally
charged was that we are not,
by a fairly wide margin, get
ting what we are paying for
IN Fairfax County Schools.
What Messrs. Funderburk ct
al. have answered is that
what we are getting is not
unusable-which is good to
know, II true. but does not
speak to the original ques-
ton.
There is no doubt that, in
many ways, a solid alumi-
mum brick has advantages
over a solid gold brick. It
is lighter, probably stronger,
and can be gilded to look
as well. But. when an ap-
praiser certifies the gilded
aluminium as gold, and pay
for 1t on the strength Of his
appraisal, arguments OF
lightness and strength do
little to allay my suspicious
that the appraiser is not
adequately defending his
position still less do they
warrant my continued pa
tronage of that appraiser for
my future purchases OF
bricks, gold or aluminium.
q. Johnson
Brick Buyer
Evening star., 1963-02-12
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condensa-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only Dhen accom-
panied by self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
THE POLITICAL MILL
Is a Planned Deficit Better?
By GOULD LINCOLN

The problem Of Federal
deficit spending is again en-
gaging the attention of the
country and Of Congress. In
the past, deficits incurred by
the Government have been
looked upon as mistakes at
best and as necessary evils
at worst. Always a presiden-
tial administration has ap-
parently sought to avoid an
annual deficit. 1t has sought
to keep deficits at a mini
mum or even to wipe them
out. Now the Kennedy adj
ministration has come for
ward with a planned Federal
deficit-a deficit Of almost
$l2 billion for the next fiscal
year, to be accompanied by
tax reduction and reform.
According to the President
and his economic advisers,
this is being done to help re-
store full prosperity, full en-
ployment, together with
"budget-balancing revenue.
And the President has ex-
planned there are two kinds
Of deficits: Deficits born Of
waste and weakness and def
cits incurred as we build
future strength"
The bait held out to the
people is tax reduction. And
judging by statements from
all circles, including business
and labor, tax reduction is
favored. The Federal tax
burden has been heavy for
years. The idea back Of tax
reduction is to stimulate in
dustry, employment, produc-
ton and consumption. The
Kennedy administration is
not planning to reduce ex-
penditures by the Federal
Government. On the contrary,
it is planning to increase
them. In addition to the
highest budget spending ever
produced for a single peace
time year-$98.8 billion-the
administration is dumping on
Congress- proposals for new
or additional Federal services,
all of which will cost money,
including Federal aid to ed
ucation and medical care for
the aged through social Sc
curity taxes.
Two Deficit Years
President Kennedy came
into the White House two
years ago with a promise
to get the country moving;
to boost its economy and
cut down unemployment. His
first budget, for the fiscal
year 1862, in which Federal
spending was increased for
many projects including those
for national defense and so
cial programs" eventually
produced a deficit of $6.4
billion. The expected deficit
for fiscal 1868 which ends
June 80 is approximately $8.8
billion. And for fiscal 1864
the deficit Is now figured at
nearly $12 billion. The first
two deficits were not plan
ned; indeed, small surpluses
were predicted when the
budgets for 1862 and 1868
were sent to the Congress.
The unplanned deficits Of
the last two fiscal years did
not produce the Improvement
in the country's economy,
did not cut unemployment,
did not bring about the in
creases in national spending,
Evening star., 1963-02-12

and the increases in Federal
revenue which had been pre-
dicted.
The big question today is:
Will the planned" deficit Of
$11.9 billion for 1864 have
any better result? Senator
Byrd of Virginia, chairman
of the Senate Finance Com
mittee, is saying that the
1864 deficit, unless there is
material decrease in Federal
spending, will run several bill
lion dollars more. That, how
ever, is not the view taken by
President Kennedy and his
advisers. It's a gamble at
best. The administration is
banking heavily on the stim-
ulus the proposed tax cuts will
bring to the country's econ
omy. 1t also is banking on
such a growth in the econ
omy that at some time in the
future-not for another two
or three years, however-the
revenues Of the Government
will be increased to a point
where they will meet the
Government spending and a
balanced budget will be pos
sible.
See No Harm
In the meantime admins
tration spokesmen, including
w. w. Heller, chief economic
adviser to the President, are
insisting that these continu-
ing deficits and the conse-
quent increases in the ma
tional debt-now above $500
billion-will not harm the
national credit. This line of
argument takes for granted
that the economic plans of
the administration will in
crease the gross national
product which they consider
the measure Of stability.
What the critics of the
planned deficits" fear is
that they will lead to infla-
ton, and If they do, the re-
suit will be devastating.
These critics point out that
from 1888 through 1941, the
country had nine New Deal
years of deficit spending.
aimed at solving the unem-
ployment problem brought
about by the great depression
which had its start in 1929.
This deficit spending did not
make a dent in unemploy-
ment, but it did help to keep
a lot Of Am ericans alive,
putting them on relief or on
Federal payrolls. Until the
Second World War came
along there were some Z or 8
million unemployed or more
than Is per cent. That was a
long period of deficit spend
ing without the desired d
result.
The Presidents advisers,
however, discount all this,
pointing out that the situa-
tion in the country today is
vastly different. 1t is not
seeking a way out Of a deep
depression, but an occasional
recession. The Republican
leadership in Congress haG
put out a joint statement
I'VE cannot accept a philos
ophy Of government whici
says that the only choice ia
between two kinds Of deficits.
It is like a choice between
two kinds Of bankruptcy. You
are broke in either case"
1t is still to be determined
whether Congress will go
along with the gamble offered
1t by the administration.
Evening star., 1963-02-12
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

A. reader can get an answer by
mail, 10 any question OF fact By
writing The star Information Bu-
reau, B3b y street NV, Washington
~ fisase lhglose return post.
envelope,
Evening star., 1963-02-12
Fairfax Schools

StraSburg, Va
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-11
Bill Would Ban
District Debt Loans

A bill to ban the debt con-
Solidation finance business in
the District has been introduced
by Representative Abernethy,
Democrat of Mississippi.
Under the legislation, the
only persons who would be per-
mitted to engage in debt con-
solidation activities, would be
members Of the District bar.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-11

of the Z-ray, "a force unknown
to science"
The manufacturer was
right about the z-ray being
unknown to science" the FDA
official said.
Mr.. Jansen said that the
FDA, through its 700 inspectors.
and its chemists in 10 different
laboratories, is on constant
lookout for drugs. foods and
devices which make all sorts of
unsubstantiated claims to pro-
tect end enhance an individ-
uapS health.