Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-09
TREATY
FuIbright Counters
Arguments Of Foes


take place in an atmosphere of
doubt and miStrust as to Amer
lean motives" he continued.
THE treaty, as it stands, con-
tainS reasonable and adequate
safeguards for the vital inter-
eSts of The United States.
IAN attempt by reservations
to reconfirm safeguards that
are already provided for, or to
introduce issues unrelated to
the test ban itself, would prob
ably result in the loss of the
treaty, in a general worsening
of the cold war and in a break
down of confidence in the
United States that would make
it exceedingly difficult to ne
gotiate future agreements"
Although the Joint Chiefs of
Staff have gone along with
the treaty, some ether military
men and DR.. Edward Teller, an
atomic scientist, have testified
it is not in the best interests
of the United States.
Senator Fulbright answered
them today when he said, 1T is
the strongly held conviction of
those officials who have the
main responsibility for our ma
tional defense, both civilian
and military, that the Ameri-
can nuclear force is, and under
the treaty will remain, mani
testify superior to that of any
other nation"
The Senator said it Is esti-
mated that the Soviets have
"only a fraction of the num-
Der of ICBM missiles that we
have and that their submarine
launched balliStic missiles are
short-range, require launching
from the surface end are gen.
orally not comparable with our
own PolariS force. According
to the best available estimates,
our numerical superiority in
balliStic missiles will increase
both absolutely and relatively
between now and 1866. In
short, our nuclear superiority
is both great and growing"
Opportunities Seen Equal
AS to the effects of the
treaty on this favorable mill
tary balance, Senator Fulbright
said the key fact is that what
ever opportunities for progress
in nuclear technology are
opened or closed to the United
the same opportunities
will be opened or closed to the
Soviet Union.
Answering the argument that
the treaty may prevent us from
developing an anti-miSSile mis-
sile, Senator Fulbright said
progress in that field depends
hardly at all on testing of nu-
clear WarheadS, but almost en-
tirely on the improvement of
delivery systems and tech
niques of detection, identified
ton and interception.
Senator Fulbright also pointed
out that the Foreign Relations
Committee included in its re-
port an Interpretation making
it clear that the ban on ex-
plosives in the atmosphere in
no way impairs the authority
and discretion Of the President
in time of crisis to employ
whatever weapons he judges
the situation may require. Such
an Interpretation was Sug-
geSted by former President
Eisenhower.
ExpOunds on Paradox
Although Stressing this coun-
try's military superiority, Sen
ltOr Fulbright emphasized that
national security does not de-
pend on military power alone.
He dWelt on the paradox that,
because atomic weapons could
destroy so many millions of
people, growing military power
IAN be accompanied by a de-
crease in national security.
Continuing, the Senator said:
THE uncritical acceptance
If a simple equation between
security and ornaments can
)nly lead us into an accelerat-
ng arms race, mounting inter-
tensions, and dimin-
Shing security. 1t can lead us
10 give undue weight to the
political views of highly spe-
2ialized scientists such as DR..
Teller, whose experience and
knowledge have only very lin
ted revelance to the complexi-
,ieS Of international relations.
War, said Clemenceau, is
100 serious a business to be .
eft to the gene, ais. Some of |
our most thoughtful scientists, f,
such as DR.. York, believe that |
It is also too serious a bust |
ness to be left to the nuclear
Role of Other Nations
StreSsing the Importance of
the treaty as a means of halt
ing the proliferation of coun-
tries with atomic weapons.
Senator Fulbright pointed out
that, at some point in the fu-
ture, Red China, and then
many smaller nations, are like
ly to acquire nuclear weapons
and the means to deliver them.
He said this would give the
small nations power out OF all
proportion to their size and
would undermine the advan-
tages Of size and wealth now
possessed by the United States
and the Soviet Union.
Senator Fulbight expressed
the belief that the vulnera-
bility Of the Soviet Union to.
nuclear war has led Soviet
leaders to proclaim the doc
trine of peaceful co-eXistence -.