davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-06

IRENE If the economy gets
healthy, people viii become
preoccupied with other con-
Germs jobs win siphon off
the energies Of violence"
DR.. Edwards was one Of q
dozen persons who participated
in the first day Of discussion at q
two-day conference on Youth.
Non-Violence and Social
Change.
The conference, sponsored by
the Gandhi Memorial Lecture
Committee Of Howard, attract
ed 50 many students and visi-
tors that one session featuring
James Baldwin and James FAR
mer, National director of
CORE, was shifted from the
350-seat Aldridge theater to
the 1.30o-seat Cramton audi
forum.
q Other Techniques
DR.. Edwards made his pre-
diction in response to DR.. Arthur
I. WaSkow Of the Institute Of
Policy studies. who wondered
what direction the non-violent
civil rights m ents will
take to cope with national eco
nomic issues such as wide
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-06

Will Appeal
Court Order

HANOVER. N. H. Nov. G
(AP).-Gov. George c. Wallace
Of Alabama says he viii appeal
q Federal court order TO admit
a Negro to previously all-white
Auburn University.
Gov. Wallace told a news
conference at Dartmouth Col
lege yesterday that the decision
would mean a lowering Of
educational standards"
In Montgomery. Ala. earlier
yesterday United States District
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-06

% the forecast last January of
an $l1.9 billion deficit.
Treasury Secretary Dillon
originally asked for a ceiling
If s315 billion through June 80.
The committee approved q
closed" rule for floor debate
on the bill. It bars amendments,
except for one Republican mo-
ton to recommit the bill with
instructions. and allows four
hours Of general debate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-06
Civil Rights Violence
KEYED to JobIessness
By CLARENCE HUNTER
star staff Writer

Any rise in unemployment viii be accompanied by in
civil rights violence Howard University professor
predicted yesterday.
we win rapid growth in violence the economy be-
and unemployment rises" said Dr. G. Franklin
Edwards Howard professor Of sociology at the other
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-06

spread unemployment. which h
he indicated impede Negro
progress.
DR.. Waskow suggested that
civil rights organizations will
have to discover other tech
niques or carry on political
conflict" He described these
techniques and "non-lethal
pressures which can shake up
segments of the systems with
out violence. but which win
result in disorder /"
Clarence Mitchell, director OF
the Washington Bureau Of the
NAACP, was critical of pro-
grams, especially journalists,
who take from Negroes what
he called the badges of mas
culine behavior" by expecting
them to refuse to retaliate
when their homes and families
are attacked by white suprem-
list elements.
Cites Classic Hero
Mr.. Mitchell cited the classic
example Of the white weStener
who Is an American hero be-
cause he fights violence with
violence when his home and
loved ones are attacked.
yet, some would have the
Negro man do nothing when
his home is bombed and his
wife and children are treated
with violence" said Mr.. Nit
chell. They won't want him to
turn the other cheek"
That's the very reason
have been unable to adopt thi:
principle" remarked James
Meredith. the only Negro tc
graduate from the University
of Mississippi.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
LulIing Our AIIionce-Strengthening
Effort Believed Soviet Goal in A-Accorc

various purposes in welcom-
ing the agreement.
One can hope, also, that
be hind Mr.. Khrushchev's
corollary desire to isolate
the nuclear ambitions of the
Chinese, there is not some
thing far more immediate
and frightening than a doc
trinal disagreement about
the worth, in Communist
terms, Of risking big war.
With no hard evidence to
support 1t, the nagging
thought persists that the
Chinese may have been push
ing, not merely for doctrinal
support from Moscow, but
for support of Chinese plans
for immediate, overt agrees
Sions, whether against Wet
Nam or South Korea or For
mosa or India. 1t may not
be merely the Chinese ideo-
logues who left Moscow in
disgust last month; it may be
also representatives of the
Chinese general staff.
1t Is a Scary notion.
Whether or not aggressions
do come on such a dire and
drastic scale, what we cannot
realistically hope for is an
end to small-scale Commu-
mist aggressions in the Far
East or an end to Communist
created alarms and excur-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
@. O. P. Sees Benefit
In Riqhts Reaction

estimated that up to 80 per
cent Of the residents of a large
Eastern city who give him the
benefit Of their views oppose
Mr.. Kennedy's proposals and
resent the action Of the Presi-
dent in pressing them.
These people are mostly
conservatives" he said. They
are the same people who are
against continuing foreign aid
and against ratification Of the
test-ban treaty. But I do not
discount their strength. They
are a large company in the
country"
Republicans know they are
going to have to handle the
issue gingerly. From Liberal
Senator Javits. Republican Of
New York, to Conservative
Senator Golwater, Republican
Of Arizona, they agree it would
be fatal for them to become
tagged as "the white mans
party"
Most of them believe that
when all Of the convention fir
ing is over next year both par
ties will wind up with strong
civil rights planks. The Ian
guage may differ, but the
promises to bring about racial
equality probably will be about
the same.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
BY JACK BELL
Associated Press Staff Writer

Republican strategists are be-
ginning to feel that northern
reaction to President Kennedy's
position on civil rights may cut
deeply into his big city backing
In the 1864 election.
Its not something they care
to discuss publicly, but these
strategists said privately white
resentment against Negro de-
mands for speedy equality on
all fronts-including housing
may cost Mr.. Kennedy votes in
the areas where they credit him
with winning the 1860 election
National Chairman William
E. Miller contends that any sig-
nificant reduction In demo-
cratic margins In the metropol-
Titan areas would enhance
G. o. P. chances Of carrying
such States as New York. Penn
sylvania, Illinois, Michigan and
California.
The Republican theory Is
that most of the Negroes voted
for Mr.. Kennedy in 1860 and
are likely to do so again. But
party strategists believe that
whites who don't want Negroes
moving into their neighbor-
hoods will feel that Mr.. Ken
nedy moved to fast.
This view Is shared by Re
publicans who support the
Presidents civil rights legisla-
tive proposals and others who
are opposed to at least a por-
ton of them.
A Republican Senator who Is
critical Of some sections Of the
Kennedy program said he had
received q substantial number
Of communications from white
constituents expressing resent
ment about Negro demonstra-
lions and fear that their in
vestment in homes might de-
cline in value If the unofficial
color line were broken in their
communities.
AG o. P. Senator who sup
ports the Presidents program
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
NATO, After Treaty Is Okoyed

sions in Latin America, which
could easily SNOWFALL. The
coexistence Mr.. Khrushchev
has in mind is an intensely
competitive coexistence, both
political and economic. There
is no reason, whatsoever, to
think that he, any more than
the dogmatic Chinese, has re-
vised his declaration that
socialism is working for his
tory" which is a program Of
action, as distinguished from
the old Marxist slogan that
history is working for social
ISM" which was an intellec-
tual abstraction.
1t is generally and histo-
really true that tyrannies do
pass away in time, that doc
trines are always diluted by
realities, that any church
militant tends to become,
with prosperity. the estab-
lished church. And 1t Is also
true that these processes. like
all social processes, move
through their cycles at q
faster rate than they did be-
fore the modern revolution in
communications. But the
worst mistake we could make
would be to assume, on the
evidence Of the test-ban
treaty, that these processes
have come to completion,
even with the Russians. With
the Chinese, of course, the
processes have scarcely be-
gun.
(All Rights Reserve0
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
DORIS FLEEsoN FL.
IsoIoting Two Southern Extremists

about presidential politics.
One Of them explained that
while Senator Goldwater's
admirers were numerous in
the South, most practical pol
iticians there doubted that
he could be nominated or
elected.
Conspicuously absent from
their private comments was
the old hope Of throwing the
election into the House of
Representatives. Apparently
this. too, is among the men,
aces now tossed into the cir
cular file, the wastebasket.
With few exceptions, Presi-
dent Kennedy enjoys good
working relationships with
Southern Governors. Their
private opinion is that he
will be reelected with South
ern help.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
Gen. IsbeII Heads
AT Reserve REGION

Brig. Gen. James H. Isbell
has replaced Brig. Gen. F. l..
Vidal as commander of the I'd
Air Force Reserve Region. Gen.
Vidal retired July 81.
Gen Isbell is former chief Of
staff Of the Continental Air
Command and former deputy
commander Of the Alaskan Air
Command.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22

Maybe the voice Of reason
Is at last coming through on
the racial problem Of today.
President Kennedy deserves
praise for the frankness and
bluntness Of the statement
he made at his latest press
conference telling some Of
the Negro agitators that they
had gone too far in their de-
mands and that a quota sys-
tenn in employment is not
practicable. He said.
II don't think quotas are q
good idea. I think it's a mis-
take to begin to assign quotas
on the basis of religion, or
race. color, nationality. I
think we get into a good
deal Of trouble.
"Our whole view Of our
selves Is q sort Of one So
ciety. Now that hasn't been
true, but at least that's where
we're trying to go. And I
think that we ought not to
begin the quota system.
ION the other hand, I do
think we ought to make an
effort to give q fair chance
to everyone who is qualified
not through a quota, but
just look over our employ
ment rolls, look over our
areas where we are hiring
people, and at least make
sure that we're giving every
one fair chance. But not
hard and fast quotas. We're
too mixed, this society Of
ours, to begin to divide our
selves on the basis of race
or color"
Another voice Of reason has
Just been raised by s. B.
Fuller. one Of the most sue
cessful Negroes in business in
America today. He had only a
sixth-grade education, but
last year paid an income tax
on over 100000. He hitch
hiked from Memphis to Chi
cago at the age Of %, got a
job and saved up $25. He took
the $25, bought soap and
started selling 1t from door
to door. From that $25, he
developed a business which
produces a nationally known
line Of cosmetics and allied
products and whose sales last
year totaled more than $40
million. Mr.. Fuller also con-
trolls eight other corporations,
among them a department
store and a chain Of news
papers serving Negro readers
in Chicago, New York, De-
troit and Pittsburgh.
Mr.. Fuller expressed him
self last week in an interview
in U. s. News q World Re-
port. in which he told the
story Of his own career and
urged Negroes to own their
own businesses so as ito give
jobs-not just ask for jobs"
How else" said Mr.. Fuller,
could q sixth grade scholar
have q job in America that
paid him over 100000 a year
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Cuba has had amazing year population explosion
Thus far JFK has counted 10 Russian soldiers leaving
island for every one he counted arriving.
Republicans aren't detected polls showing that half
the voters don't know who Godwater raises hopes they
can sneak him into the White House before people find
he's a Republican
Jury bulletin The Saturday Evening Post will protest
the first big football game of the season. The opposition
wound up with IL men on the field.
Affuent society notes: One fellow expects to make
fortune renting out golf carts for the big 20
on Washington.
Cleopatra proverb: Ais well that ends
Gen. Macarthur reveals he's written his memoirs in
longhand It's quite surprise Everybody expected he'd
hand down the word on stone tablets.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
DAVID LAWRENCE
Voice of Reason on Civil Riqhts

good education. It's not up
to the teacher to see that he
gets it. It's up to the student.
When a Negro child goes to
school, he must concentrate
on his work.
Then. when he comes out
Of hool, come out with
something to offer, q talent
that he can sell.
@. But we hear that the
schools available to Negroes
often are inferior, that they
don't offer a good education.
"a. Well, I think that the
schools that the Negroes at
tend here in Chicago have
about the same facilities as
other schools. Anyway, it's
not so much the facilities Of
the school that count as the
attitude Of the student.
%. Are the racial Demon
STATIONS doing any good2
"a. The demonstrations
have made the white man
know that the Negroes are
dissatisfied. But he knew
that in the first place. Be-
yond that, I don't think
they have done any good.
In fact, they have done
harm in the picture they
give Of Negroes.
%. viii the demonstra-
tons continue, do you think?
"A. Oh, they will go on as
long as they get publicity
from it. When they don't
get any publicity, they will
die out. I don't think the
demonstrations will go on as
much as Is months longer. :.
@: Is there any justifica-
ton, then, for Negro COM
plants about their lot in
life?
"a: They have some legiti-
mate complaints, but not very
many. They will find that
you cannot sue a man and
make him want to live next
door to you. You've got to
sell him the idea that you are
just as good as he is, by
performance. You must per-
form well in your job. You
must train your youngsters.
You must keep your COM
munity as clean as the white
mans community. You must
keep up the home as well as
he does 49,.
%. Are you generally
optimistic on the future Of
the Negro race in this coun-
try?
"a. Oh, yes.
%: Is America, do you
think, a good place for Ne
groes?
"a: America is the best
place for the Negro in the
world. America Is the best
place for any man in the
world"
Maybe Mr.. Fuller's story
ought to be told through the
Voice Of America to the
peoples Of other lands who
are wondering about the
Negro problem In America
and who have heard about 1t
only in the terms of events
in Little Rock or Birming-
ham or demonstrations" in
other areas.
1893, New York Herald Tribune Int
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
Negro Businessmon's Views on Issue
Called Something for All to Consider

unless he was in business for
himself?"
When asked whether
Negroes have done every
thing they can do to help
themselves" Mr.. Fuller re-
piled:
mo, ! don't think they
have. They have failed to 60
into business. I'll give you an
illustration: In Chicago
alone, we have millions of
dollars invested in church
property. I know of one
church in Chicago that cost
over a million dollars, but we
have not had that kind of
money invested in business.
Nov, If those people could
put a million dollars in their
church, they could have TAX
en- another million dollars
and started a business. And
this would have helped them
employ themselves and 9TH
ers, too"
Here are som e excerpts
from the interview in which
Mr.. Fuller explained his
views:
@. Is the racial conflict In
this country going to spread?
Will it result in bloodshed?
"a. No. I think the racial
conflict in this country is at
its height right now. From
now on. it's going to have a
trend downward.
@. DO Negro still tend
to feel inferior?
"A. Yes. Negro people are
just as good as anybody else.
This they must know. But
they cannot convince others
until they convince them
selves.
II have found no barriers
to me in business. I am a
member Of the National As
ISOLATION of Manufacturers,
of the Chicago Association Of
Commerce and Industry, Of
the Illinois State Chamber
of Commerce. of the National
Association Of Direct Selling
Companies. I serve on COM
mittees, I can be elected to
any office that I aspire to in
these organizations. There is
no discrimination that I find
in these organizations. :.
%. In general, what do you
think is the answer to the
race problem in this coun-
try?
"A. Well, the problem is
one the Negro has to work
out himself. Negroes are not
Disseminated a gainst be-
cause Of the color Of their
skin. They are Disseminated
against because they have
not anything to offer that
people want to buy. The
minute that they can de-
velop themselves so they ex-
eel in whatever they do -
then they are going to find
that they don't have any real
problems. =.
@. What would be your
advice today to a young Ne
gro coming out of school?
"A. My advice today Is,
first, go to school and get q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
DORIS FLEESON

The Southern Governors
Conference this week isolated
its extremists, Cows. Wallace
and Barnett, after allowing
them a few face-saving ges-
lures, and then methodically
let the steam out Of the racial
issue.
This outbreak Of sweet rea-
son does not guarantee
smooth sailing for civil rights,
but 1t amounts to a mani
festo that the great majority
Of Southern Governors are
through with handling race
matters in the Wallace-Bar-
nett manner.
1t says that they do not
want any more race riots and
Federal troops, any more in
reference with business and
public order. 1t says that they
do not now believe that they
could close up their public
schools, even If they wanted
to.
All this has been apparent
by inference in many ways
and places for some time.
The Greenbriar meeting Just
concluded simply dramatizes
1t in q public way by all that
1t did not allow to happen.
After all, Gov. Faubus Of Little
Rock, Ark, was conference
chairman and all the COVER
nors were Southern Demo-
Gratis but one. Bellmon Of
border State Oklahoma. Gov.
Bellmon is a Goldwater sup
porter and civil rights mod
Grafton suits his book adj
mirably.
Only five years ago Gov.
Faubus was the symbol of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
Governors Action Called Stand Against
Interference in Public Order

Southern resistance to school
indignation after the trau-
matte episodes at Little Rock.
Only two years before that,
a magniloquent Southern
Manifesto" denouncing the
Supreme Court ban on school
segregation won support from
10 Senator's and II Congress-
men Of the IL States Of the
old Confederacy.
The signatories pledged
themselves to use "all lawful
means" to bring about re-
versal of the decision and to
prevent force from being used
to implement it. Senators
abstaining were Gore and
Kefauver Of Tennessee and
the then Majority Leader,
johnson Of Texas, now Vice
President. The Texan said
his position precluded it but
indicated that the Southern
ers should help Walter"
walter" was the revered
George Of Georgia who intro
duced the manifesto in the
Senate. Even so, he was later
denied support for renomi-
nation by State leaders. He
withdrew and died soon after
ward.
Senator George placed the
original copy Of the mani
festo in his safe. A respon-
sible source at the Capitol
says that a historian re-
Gently inquired for 1t, but q
search failed to produce 1t.
However, it's contents are
safely embalmed in the Con-
gressional Record.
The Greenbriar conference
also displayed most Southern
Governors In a reserved mood
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-22
ERIC SEVAREID

The extreme right wing
in American politics is not
likely to prevail in the de-
bate over the nuclear test
ban treaty with Russia, in
spite Of the respectable doubts
Of such open-minded men as
Senator Jackson, in spite Of
the clear truth that the
treaty by no means implies
the end of the worldwide
contest with aggressive COM
munism. The long reach Of
history Is accomplished by
such short, often unpremedi-
tated steps; and this seems
to be one Of those times
when 1t is better to move
than to stand, however i'm
possible 1t may be to identify
the next move after that.
What we are engaged in with
Russia Is q game Of poker.
not chess.
Before this current argyll
ment is over, the United
States will have again dem
onstrated to the world that
If there is any basic flaw in
the American world stance
1t Is a leaning toward trust
rather than distrust, a deep
seated prediction toward
lowering our guard, not to-
ward rigidity and ;ngrained
hostility, in spite of the
clamorous, guilt = riddle n
claims Of all those groups
which arrogate to themselves
the desire for and the label
of peace"
No. If from here on we
are led into policy errors by
reason Of domestic pressures,
it will not be the pressure of
the overly suspicious right
wing minorities but the
pressure Of the left-wing
minorities who persistently
equate American with Com
munist responsibility for the
dangerous condition Of the
world-thoSe groups which
would have us detach from
Wet Nam because its govern
ment happens to be nasty in
right wing fashion and which
would have us draw closer
to Cuba because its nasty
regime happens to be left
wing. Brutality, itself, does
not bother these groups; they
are concerned only with the
words Of the torturer's chant
as he Yields the whip.
One can hope. One can
hope, for example, that the
tenor and outcome Of this
debate on the test treaty will
demonstrate to these groups
and their counterparts in
Europe that, while the mill
tary-industrial power struc-
ture" Of which Gen. Eisen-
hover warned is, indeed
worth worrying about, it /.
not determining the foreign
and defense policies Of this
country. The President and
the Secretary Of Defense are
doing that, as much, If not
more, than ever.
One can hope that the
tranquilizing effect of the
treaty agreement will not put
the efforts to reorganize and
strengthen NATO. already
half-paralyzed, into a coma.
1t is entirely permissible to
believe that this prospect was
one Of Premier Khrushchev's
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
BY MERRELL WHITTLEsEY
I Star staff Writer

KANSAS CITY. June 25.-It
may be that Claude osteen. q
l6O-pound wisp Of a lefthander,
lacks the stamina to be q start
ing pitcher and that his flu
ture lies in the bullpen as a
relief pitcher.
Osteen had another shutout
working in Los Angeles last
night, q magnificent two-hit
effort over seven innings. But
he was shelled in the eighth
and the Angels won, 80.
The Senators were up most
Of the night as they flew here
to conclude their 18-game road
trip with three games with the
Athletics. Dave Stenhouse will
oppose Diego Segui tonight.
Although they held the An
gels scoreless for 81 straight
innings the last five Satur-
day night, Tom Cheney's shut
out Sunday and Osteen's first
seven innings last night--the
Senators still showed only one
victory in the four-game series.
They have won two of the is
games on this trip. both by
Cheney.
No. IL for King
Jim King reached his three
year high in home runs as q
Senator when he blasted q Bob
Turley pitch into the seats in
right in the third inning. It
was his 18th of the. year. Jim
hit II in each Of the last two
years, but his career high is is
with the Cubs in 1856.
Jim put the other run in mo-
ton in the fifth when he
doubled to right and scored on
a ringing single to right by 30
Osborne. Despite other oppor-
tunities, the Senators were
through scoring for the night.
They stranded nine.
A few days ago Mary Girls
som, the Angels pitching
coach, mentioned Osteen as one
of the five top stuff" pitchers
In the American League.
Claude appears TO have ev.
erything but the knack Of be.
ing a winner. He still has wor
only one game, q shutout owe
the Yankees June 10.
His next time out he wen
IL innings against the Indians
but dissipated q lead when h
gave up q homer in the bottom
Of the 18th. He pitched ftv