davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-02-08

Employers, under SB SO, the com.
mission bill, and HB 167, ex UCC
Chairman Chad Smiths bill, seek i'm
position of further restrictions ON
eligibility, since the butchery per-
| formed on the act in 1861 proved in
sufficient in stopping the UCC funds
decline. Instead of facing squarely
the fact that the average employer
premium level has been inadequate
ever since the 1868 session amended
the premium schedule downward
sharply, employers now want to
further penalize the jobless by an
other two million dollars in reduced
payments each year.
HAS SHORT MEMORY
Lloyd Helmer, prosperous Poison
lumberman, forgetting that 1961's
HB 27 not only eliminated chiselers,
if any, but several thousand other
sincere" workers from the compen-
sation program, probably stated in
briefest possible wordage the cold
blooded attitude of employers when
he endorsed enactment of the ex-
tremely restrictive provisions of HB
167.
Said Helmer: eve will save over
two millions dollars; we will preserve
our cash reserve fund. This is a bet
ter deal for the unemployed worker
Unemployment compensation w a S
never intended ais a welfare program
or for free riders -
Helmer didn't enlighten how 1877
would be "better deal for the un-
employed worker, who no matter
how sincere, and no matter how
little "free rider, isn't now, and
won't be eligible for compensation
should lib 167 be enacted.
see page a
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-02-08
Republican SteamrolIer Hits Snag
Republican Steamron Hits Snag
Skyroeketing Propert<77 Taxes
Are a Major LegisIc Eve Issue

andc of
of
n rer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-06
I4.4 Gu. Fl. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
Reg. 2e9.os

Frostless refrigerator with IT,
pound separate freezer unit.
Refrigerator has twin crispers,
freezer has swing-ovt bosket.
Both refrigerator and freezer
have separate door storage for
packages, eggs, butter and
bottles. A terrific VolUe!
Evening star., 1963-02-03

rHIN coloR the PICTURE WITH
CANYONS. PARTS On PENCILS. AAR
DFoRt MlpNoM TUESDAY 10 A. W.
NOotM AZ ms NEwsgAptR.
Evening star., 1963-02-03

70 tNth co@uu ha pvzzlI AND
eUr II OUT ARoUND I'M ovruNE. pAsr
" ON A Ntet Or PAptR. pRH YoUa
NAME. Aot AND AooRtss.
Evening star., 1963-04-28

Communist forces in the area. 1t
would bring Reds to the Thailand
border, and aid in subverting the
northern area of Thailand. popu-
lated principally with Laotians
and Chinese. 1t would also make
the guerrilla war in South Wet
Nam more difficult for United
States, since the Wet Cong rebels
would have a clear supply line
to Hanoi through Laos.
These strategic problems have
led the United States to make
every effort to keep the Geneva
accord in existence. So far, the
terms of the pact have not been
fulfilled. The rival armies have
not been merged, and in effect.
the Communists rule their por-
tions Of Laos without any inter-
ference from the central govern
ment.
The Geneva accord was sup
posed to end the long civil war in
volving the three different factions.
Ironically, the neutralists and
Pathet Lao formerly we're allies.
Washington has always con-
sidered one Of main virtues Of
the Laotian treaty to be the abil-
ity Of the United States and the
Soviet Union to agree on an issue
of more than minor Importance.
Premier Khrushchev and Presi-
dent Kennedy had agreed as long
ago as the Vienna meeting on a
neutral Laos, and the Russians
seemed sincere in signing the
Geneva accord.
Soviet spokesmen in recent
months, In fact. have cited the
Laotian settlement as an example
of East West agreement. The
Chinese and North Wet Namese
also participated in the 14-nation
Geneva talks. and also signed the
pact. Their spokesmen have also
praised the agreement. but OBJ
servers have always felt they did
so under Soviet pressure.
The open Sino-Soviet split may
have led the Chinese to take a
more aggressive tack in the area.
The attack on the neutral gov
Evening star., 1963-04-28

Premier Khrushchev assured
Undersecretary Of State Averell
Hartman on Friday that he
still wanted o neutral and
peaceful Laos. Earlier In the
week, Mr.. Khrushchev hinted
he soon might relinQuish either
or both of his government and
party posts.
On an earlier, non-official visit
to Moscow. Averell Hartman dis
cussed the problem Of succession
with Nikita s. Khrushchev, then
as now First Secretary Of the
Communist Party and Chairman
Of the Council Of Ministers pre-
mier) Of the Supreme Soviet.
II am not making Stains mis-
take; he thought he would never
die," Mr.. Khrushchev told Mr..
Hartman. II suppose If I die
soon, Frol Kozlov will succeed
me. However. that's for the Gen.
tral Committee to decide. It
doesn't matter very much. Russia
is a machine whose wheels are
turning beautifully; and they'll
60 on turning"
We do not know whether Mr..
Hartman broached the same
question with Mr.. Khrushchev
during their 3Aa-hour discussion
last Friday. AS President Ken
nedy's special envoy. the Under
secretary Of State had other, more
urgent business with the Soviet
leader. But even as the two men
discussed the Laotian crisis, OBJ
servers in Moscow and elsewhere
wondered how much longer Mr.
Khrushchev would still sit in the
Kremlin.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
THE NATIONAL SCENE
Posture of Patience
For a Slow Congress

President Kennedy, taking
issue with some critics, on
Wednesday cited gains in Con-
gress for his legislative pro-
gram and predicted additional
ones. The House later passed
the administratiOn's medical
school aid and feed grain bills.
John F. Kennedy, a most prag-
matte President, is not one to be
pushed into a fight with Congress
as the leftwing Of his party would
like, nor is he inclined very often
to submit to the temptation even
to criticize the legislative body.
Perhaps It's because both the
House and Senate have humping
Democratic majorities and are led
by former colleagues. More likely
he finds that compromise and
persuasion are more durable and
effective tools than the straight
power play, particularly when
there is no crashing popular sup
port for some Of the items on his
legislative program.
The President has assumed a
posture of patience with the pace
of Congress. He hasn't found 1t
useful to prod too soon or too
often. And he does not believe in
concentrating on too many items
at any one time.
Shortly before Congress in
formally recessed for the Today
Easter holidays he was asked
about the slow gait and lack Of
progress on Capitol Hill. He dis
missed the query with the COM
ment that he is used to pre-Easter
newspaper stories to that effect
and postmaster articles citing
spurts in congressional activity.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Two Victories

BY the end Of the week, the
President could point to two
victories in the House to support
his contention.
. The administration measure
setting up a three-year, SITS mil
lion program to build medical and
dental schools and a $50 million
student loan plan was approved,
288 to 122, on Wednesday after a
Republican-led attempt to knock
out the loan provisions was de-
feated, 239 to I'll.
The Democratic leaders kept
their ranks remarkably we'll to-
gether; only a few Southerners
voted in opposition. The bill is
aimed at overcoming the growing
shortage Of physicians, dentists
and other medical specialists.
Prospects for passage by the
Senate are considered good.
In a closer fight, the admin
istration's bill to extend, with some
notifications, the present feed
grains program was approved on
Thursday, 208 to 1876. Only one Of
169 Republicans voting sided with
the administration.
Mr.. Kennedy did not mention it
last week, but he has a perennial
problem. which he frequently
overcomes. with another House
committee-theo one on Appropria-
tions. Representative Cannon Of
Missouri is chairman Of that group
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Future in Moscow

Mr.. Khrushchev's political fu-
ture-long parlor speculation
game among Soviet experts in
Washington-became a vital queS-
ton on Thursday after he him.
self brought up the subject Of his
age and his heavy duties as boss
of the government and party.
Il am already SO and l have
the right to say So" the Soviet
leader told a meeting of indus
try and construction workers.
Everyone understands that I
cannot hold for all time the posi-
ton 1 now have in the party and
the state"
Whether this meant Mr.. Koz-
low, SIS, would be moving up from
second in command, or whether
Mr.. Khrushchev was Just play
acting, is still not clear. Neither
Lenin nor Stain ever turned over
power in his time; Mr.. Khru-
shchev may be different.
The talk of his retirement. cou-
pied with the renewed troubles
in Laos, gave Washington cause
to doubt If Mr.. Khrushchev and
the Soviet Unions wheels were
turning beautifully" Some won-
dered If they were turning at all
Evening star., 1963-04-28

ernment follows the same course
the Chinese followed in India In
trying to discredit a neutralist
regime. 1t is highly likely that
the North Wet Namese, who ira
ditionally have sought to expand
into Laos, may have asked the
Chinese for support of the Pathet
Lao attacks in return for North
Wet Namese support Of Peking's
side in the Sino-Soviet argument.
This would explain Hanoi's re-
cent shift to the Chinese after
long remaining neutral in the
inter- party strife.
The resumption Of fighting in
Laos left Moscow in a difficult
position. If it supported the Pa
thet Lao, it would increase ten
sions with the West, but II 1t
criticized its allies, or remained
silent, it would fall prey to Pc
kings old arguments that Russia
was letting down its allies.
MoscowB official statement on
the fighting, issued Tuesday, was
a curious document. It was mild,
and called for an end to the
fighting. But 1t reported that
Moscow had received state
ments" from certain states ac-
cusing the United States Of caus-
ing it. This seemed a rather eau
tious Russian way Of trying to
support its allies without really
taking their side.
The Hartman Khrushchev
communique should serve as a
restraint on the Com m unist
forces in Asia, since 1t hints that
Moscow may not 60 along with
continued fighting. Souvanna
Phouma has been outspoken
against the Pathet Lao attacks,
and undoubtedly this has not
been lost on Moscow which tries
hard to curry favor among the
neutralist nations.
1t is still too early to judge
what effect the communique wiz
have on the international scene.
The Chinese have generally re-
acted bitterly to any East West
accord, and 1t is possible that
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Fiscal Cut

On Thursday, for example. the
Cannon-led group slashed 5000
million from the $5.7 billion ad-
ministration request for the fiscal
1864 needs of the Departments Of
Labor and Health, Education and
Welfare.
About half the cut came in
grants to States for public assist
ance. But even the National In
stitutes of Health and the Public
Health Service felt the commit
tee surgery. The approved funds
for all health items together. how
ever, runs $33 million above last
years. Some of the cuts may be
restored on the House floor.
There were storm signals, too,
for administration appropriation
requests last week in the House
Foreign Affairs Committee.
Gen. Lucius d. Clay, head Of an
advisory panel appointed by Mr..
Kennedy to study foreign aid,
recommended additional cuts Of
5000 million in the Presidents pro-
gram, to bring it to q total Of
$4.3 billion. He promised the
committee to give it a country-by-
country breakdown to pinpoint
those he thinks should be cut.
After receiving the Clay panels
report few weeks ago, the Presi-
dent himself Topped $400 million
off his original request Of $4.9
billion. Most Capitol Hill OBJ
servers believe that Congress will
wind up voting no more than $3.9
billion and perhaps even less.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Defends Congress

Last week, he told a ques-
toner at his news conference that
he is also used to what he called
the annual Wall Street Journal
survey story that returning Con-
gressmen find apathy at the grass
roots for the Presidents program.
Then, far from playing the
role of a critic Of Congress, he
became its stout defender.
Mr.. Kennedy pointed to "five
or six important votes" in the
past month in the House and
Senate and predicted, correctly,
that very day the House would
pass his bill to aid In the building
of medical schools. We're going
to pass other programs" he
declared with some feeling.
But lest he give the impression
that all will be clear sailing, Mr.
Kennedy found a villain to con-
tend with: The House Rules Com
mittee, the legislative traffic cop
which controls the flow of bills to
the floor for debate. The commit
tee was enlarged from IL to Is
members In January In an ad-
ministration move to ease the way
for welfare legislation, but things
have not always worked out that
way.
"The only thing that's ever con-
cerned me is whether the Rules
Committee will release 1t for
a vote. II they (do) think
that the members Of the House
will make very clear that the
American people are still COM
mitted to progress on all these
fronts. :"
Evening star., 1963-04-28
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
Laos Pact Key to Bigger Issues

the Laotian crisis may further
split the two Communist giants,
especially If the Pathet Lao step
up their attacks. 1t is not known
how much influence the Soviet
Union has In Laos.
In recent months, Soviet for
eign policy toward the West has
been rather passive, There has
been no change in any Of the
major East-West issues. 1t is not
known whether the threat Of an
open war breaking out In Laos
may lead Mr.. Khrushchev to
make another effort to reach
some sort of accord with the
West, perhaps on nuclear testing.
a question he dealt with last week
in talks with British and Ameri-
can Ambassadors.
Great Britain has felt not
without an eye towards its COM
ing elections-that the Soviet
Union and the West are close to
a nuclear test ban agreement. A
little push" the British feel,
could achieve it. Washington has
been less sanguine about such an
agreement, but has consented to
making another diplomatic try.
At his press conference last
week, President Kennedy was
quite peSSimiStic about chances
for such a treaty. stating that
time was running out" He said
he saw no likelihood Of summit
conference in the near future as
the result Of the diplomatic talks
on nuclear test ban.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Leaders Meet

The next day. a group of 36
of the Nations top business lead
ers gave some encouragement to
the President. Led by Henry Ford
II. they called at the White
House to tell Mr.. Kennedy that
they want $40 billion cut
In personal and corporate income
taxes and had organized "The
Business Committee for Tax Re-
duction in 1868" to fight for it.
Mr.. Kennedy, who is seeking a
net reduction Of $10.3 billion In
steps over the next two years,
complimented the group for
showing "a high sense of states
manship by their voluntary ex-
preston of interest and concern
for the economic well-being Of our
Nation"
The President noted that the
businessmen did not support his
tax reform plan, but said. in ef-
Continued ON Page b.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Step-by-Step

These were the weeks major
developments:
o Fighting continued sporadi-
cally in the vital Plain of Jars
area, ITO miles northeast Of the
Laotian capital Of Vientiane. A
cease fire between the neutralist
elements and the pro-Communist
troops was worked out by neu-
tralist Premier Souvanna Phou-
ma, but neutralist Captain Kong
lie reported his forces on the
plain were shelled by the Pathet
Lao during the week.
. AS a show of support for the
non-C Communist forces in Laos,
the United States publicized the
arrival next month of 5000 Army
troops and several jets for ma
neuvers in neighboring Thailand.
scheduled before the latest rup-
ture in the cease fire. The 7th
Fleet was also sent to the
nearby South China Sea with its
contingent Of Marines and air
craft.
o Great Britain and the Soviet
Union, the co-chairmen of the
Geneva conference which guar
anteed Laotian neutrality last
summer, were urged by Premier
Souvanna Phouma to use their
offices to halt the fighting. The
chairmen, however. could not
agree on a resolution. The Soviet
Union wanted to blame the Unit
ed States for the renewed clashes.
. The Moscow charges about
American intervention" dis
turbed officials in Washington.
who feared the Soviet Union was
supporting the Pathet Lao at
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Some Optimism

Mr.. Khrushchev told the diplo-
mats that he would take the mat
ter under advisement, but most
officials in Washington interpret
ed this as a rebuff. The British
were more optimistic.
Mr.. Khrushchev's speech on
Wednesday in which he men,
toned the fact he was getting
older, fortified a month-long ru-
NOR that he was under pressure
from elements within the party
to resign from office. But his
active role all week, his welcome
to Fidel Castro today, and his
meetings with Mr.. Hartman and
the British and American Am
baSsadors. lead to the conclusion
that If he is going to resign it
will be on his terms. In the past.
he has prided himself on his
nationality" and he may feel a
younger man might be called for
soon.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Economy:
Tax Cut Key

President Kennedy said last
week that his tax cut plan
must not be delayed because Of
any Frightening of the economic
picture and a group Of buSi-
ness leaders called at the White
House to announce they had
organized to press for prompt
income tax reductions.
What ever happened to the
crisis of confidence" between
American business and the Ken
nedy administration?
Even the casual observer of the
national scene probably can an
swer after the events of this
sunny month of April. The "cri-
sis" has been all but buried by a
spirit of compromise. an exchange
of compliments and an agree
ment that steps need to be taken
to spur the economy.
President Kennedy helped mat
tiers greatly by his decision to
condone "selective" price rises by
the steel companies and the lat
ter did their part by making the
increases moderate ones. 1t was
the Presidents ferocious reaction
to the companies 1862 across
the-board rise-later cancelled
which set off the crisis" in the
first place.
Arthur B. Homer, head Of the
Bethlehem Ste Il Corp, the Ma
tons No. 2 producer Of the metal.
indicated on Thursday that the
industry had drawn Encourage
ment from Mr. Kennedy's hands
off stand in the face Of the new
price rises.
THE present attitude Of Gov
ernment is much more favorable
toward business land has brought
about more confidence in the
l.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
w. Europe::
Changes

The Italian people 90 TO the
polls today 10 elect a new Par
lament In o week marked by
the announcement that Eco
Monies Minister Ludwig Erhard
will replace KOnrad Adenauer as
West German Chancellor in the
fall.
Although Charles de Gaulle has
clung determinedly to his concept
of a Little Europe, other European
leaders have been loud in their
opposition. Throughout the conti-
nent, more and more voices are
being heard for q greater Europe.
which would bring not only Great
Britain, but most Of Scandinavia
into q wider alliance II the first
step toward an Atlantic Union.
Part Of the stimulus for this
international" view has been the
ascendency to power Of liberal
or less neutrality-suspicious. in
many European countries. No
where has the change been more
dramatic than in West Germany.
where the conservatism Of Konrad
Adenauer has been challenged ef-
fectively by younger. more inter-
national-minded men within his
own Christian Democratic Union.
Mr.. Adenauer has been largely
responsible for getting West Ger
many on its feet after the war,
and for cementing its ties with
the West. But although he has
brought a dramatic change by his
close ties with Gen. de Gaulle. he
has not been outspoken for the
broader Atlantic Union as many
Of his colleagues would have pre-
ferred.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Erhord Choice

Since Mr.. Adenauer announced
earlier this year that he would
resign as Chancellor In the fall
fulfilling q promise he made last
year,, there has been speculation
over who would follow him. The
logical choice. and favorite Of the
majority OF CDU members. was
Ludwig Erhard. the brilliant Eco
nomics Minister who plotted Ger
manys miracle recovery.
Mr.. Erhard never won Mr.. Ade-
nauer's full support. mainly be-
cause OF personal reasons. Mr..
Erhard has openly differed with
Mr.. Adenauer on many occasions.
the most recent being on the
Common Market bid Of Great
Britain. Mr.. Erhard-voicing the
sentiment Of most Germans-felt
Mr.. Adenauer did not try hard
enough TO influence Gen. de Gaulle
10 drop his veto.
In the party caucus last week.
Mr.. Adenauer spoke OF Mr.. Erhard
as a "colorleSs" figure. but when
Foreign Minister Schroeder. the
only other logical contender. sup
ported him, the decision was vir-
tually automatic. Mr.. Erhard was
chosen 10 succeed Chancellor Ade-
nauer, only head OF West Ger
many's government for the IL
years OF It's existence.
Mr.. Erhard will assume control
Of q coalition government with
the right-wing Free Democrats.
There had been speculation that
Mr.. Erhard would invite the So
cialists into his government. but
despite his more liberal ways, he
Continued on Page B-2
Evening star., 1963-04-28

tacks, which Washington believed
were inspired by North Wet Ma
mese and Chinese, unhappy with
the neutral status Of Laos.
o AS a sign of his concern, the
President sent Undersecretary of
State Hartman to Moscow with
a personal message for the Soviet
leader. At the close of their meet
ing, Mr.. Hartman and Mr. Khru-
shchev issued a Joint communi-
que affirming that both govern
ments fully support the general
agreements on the Laotian ques-
ton" This meant the Soviet
leader, at least, was publicly
standing by his previous VOWS.
o Mr.. Hartman held a news
conference yesterday in the
American Embassy in Moscow in
which he said he was pleased by
his visit with Mr.. Khrushchev.
Premier Kmushchev reaffirmed
unequivocally his position Of two
years ago (Vienna) and q year
ago (Geneva)." Mr. Hartman
said. He also added that neither
Mr.. Khrushchev nor Foreign
Minister Gromyko challenged his
assertion that the Pathet Lao
was responsible for the fighting.
Evening star., 1963-04-28
Guerrilla War

The Pathet Lao have fought
the classic Chinese guerrilla war,
as outlined by Mao Tse-tung.
They chip away at the enemy's
defenses. ignore the cities and try
TO break the will of the enemy
by constant raids. In the present
strife they seem 10 want TO crush
the neutralists. and then attempt
probably TO nibble the rest OF
Laos away from the right-wing
forces. They are not believed TO
want a full-scale war which might
bring outside interference.
Complete control Of Laos by the
Communists would present q Sc
rious strategic loss TO the anti