davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04
BY t. R. FEHRENBACH

NEW YORK.-At 1901 on the
morning Of July ~, 1858. 1t. Gen.
William X. Harrison Of the United
States Army and the United
Nations command signed with
Nam II Of the Peoples Republic
Of North Korea the first Of 10
armistice documents. Twelve hours
later the sound Of cannons died
away among the blood drenched
Korean hills, and from the mud
dy tidal flats Of the Yellow Sea
on the west to the chill gray wa
tiers Of the Sea Of Japan to the
east, Communist and U. N. forces
disengaged.
Americans, ROK's, Turks, Brit
ish and others pulled back two
kilometers (1.2 miles) to the
south; Chinese and North Korean
troops withdrew to the north. Be-
tween the armies stood the agreed
four-kilometer GA niles demili-
tarized zone, splitting the penin-
sula Of Korea almost In half.
After three years Of war and 2
million deaths, 10000 Of them
American servicemen, the Korean
action had ended in military and
political stalemate.
There was no more war-but
there was no peace. There was
no victory, for either side. 1t was
called "cease-fire."
Ten years later it is still called
cease-fire. For what began on
July 81, 1858, was the wierdest.
shakiest, and most improbably
armed truce In history.
The Korean War, and the ar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

empire in the richest, and CLIMATE
cally. one Of the most attractive
parts of the comment. For both
economic and psychological rea-
sons, Africans are resolved that it
shall not happen.
Intense Feelings Involved
White men are only beginning
to understand the intensity Of
these feelings. Self-rule in Africa
is a symbol of Negro equality
Of recognition, acceptance, and
status in the world.
The demand is, Of course,
directly related to demands for
equality of treatment in the
United States. But in Africa the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

tors say softly, reporting, "Satel-
lite, this is satellite four-one-"
They hear brush rustic, and
realize that Communist patrols
from the North are passing by a
few yards away. Sometimes the
Chinese or North Koreans call out,
oddly, offering candy or cigarettes
to the GIs. The U. N. troops
are not allowed to speak. At times
rocks whistle out of the darkness.
Rough Play
And sometimes, the other side
plays rough.
On the night Of November 20,
1852, an American soldier, Special
list Fourth Class James A. john
son, was killed, and another, Pfc.
Efrain Baez Olivio, seriously
wounded by hand grenades. One
Of the grenades thrown at the
two failed to explode and was re-
trieved. 1t was a Russian-made
Model FL.
In September, 1862, RoK troops
were fired on, and one was killed,
several wounded. In May, 1868,
an American helicopter accidep-
tally wandering over the line was
shot down. Its two officer occu-
pants were not heard from again.
The armistice commission is on
call by either side at Panmunjom.
Today it meets only to consider
complaints or hear allegations Of
truce violations. Here, seated
across a table, Communist officers
listen coldly to U. N. protests, re-
ply with Communist invective and
propaganda to each charge. To
each complaint they have a
counter. and they admit
nothing.
Broinwoshed Birds
1t gives observers from the West
an icy feeling to see the Commu-
mist military police standing
shoulder to shoulder with U. N.
troops, utterly ignoring their exist
ence, while the officers trade ac-
cusations. The soldiers of either
side do not talk; their eyes sell
dom meet. So deep is the rift
that even the Communist peace
doves" which look like common
pigeons to the GIs-will alight
only on Communist buildings,
though some U. N. roofs are made
of the same material and painted
the same green. No one on the
U. N. side knows how this bird
"brainwashing" is done.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

a peaceful evolution from white
to black rule. Secretary General
U Thant has been directed to help
bring 1t about.
1t is a formidable assignment.
50 far, nothing has happened to
divert the irresistible force.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

involved. Mandatory U. N. sane
tons will not be applicable un-
less this is the situation.
However, more and more U. N.
people are taking the threat Sc
riously. They believe Black Africa
and the continents remaining
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

white rulers are on a collision
path in the traditional sense, as
well as in the sense of internal
rioting and guerrilla warfare.
This could portend a very bloody
race war. If the D. N. is to
prevent it, there must somehow be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

objective goes beyond mere equal
ity; every square inch of the con-
tinent must be governed by Black
men.
Portugal says it is giving Afri-
cans full indignation in a multi
racial society. The statement
Is regarded as a cruel fraud, but
even If it were taken seriously,
1t would not be accepted as q
substitute for self-rule. South
Africa is not even paying lip
service to equality.
The Africans took their fight
to the U. N. Security Council last
week, and threatened to take 1t to
the battlefield If they did not get
satisfaction. Alex Quaison- Sackey
of Ghana was their principal coun-
Gil spokesman.
1t fell to the United States to
decide, in effect, whether they
should get satisfaction or not.
Control of a majority-or at least
of balance of power - in the
council is not always an asset.
This past week it was a distinct
embarrassment to Washington.
United States Delegate Adlai E.
Stevenson tried to give the Afri-
cans enough to keep them off the
battlefield and out Of RusSia's
arms without giving them so
much that Portugal would opt out
Of NATO. He may well have
wanted to go further, but was
pulled back in Portugal's direc-
ton by the State Department in
Washington.
Fote Of Mediotors
Mr.. Stevenson seems to have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04
It's a Very Strange Peace Indeed

attempt to seize the U. N.-spon-
sored and United States-supported
Republic of South Korea. It was
a Communist gambit, not an all
out attack on the West. Strongly
checked by United Nations action
the United States provided 90
per cent of the men and material
other than the troops of South
Korea-the gambit ended in stale
mate. Neither side desired to
strike for total victory or to risk
widening the war outside Korea.
The final result, afer two years
of haggling at Panmunjom while
the stalemated fighting continued
was armistice along the battle
line.
Nothing else was setted or
agreed upon.
The problem of a divided Korea.
like that Of divided Germany and
Wet Nam, could be decided only
by general war, or general agree
ment, between world communism
and the West. The truce line
along the 38th parallel was now
also q political frontier, as thorny
as the Berlin Wall, and like it.
a frontier of hate.
The armies, north and south.
never left. Reduced but ready.
they still stand watch after 10
years. The truce terms called for
a limitation of arms with each
side to be notified of changes.
Within hours North Korea had
violated them with new airfields.
new equipment, and for 10 years
Communists have continued to
fortify their side of the line. OBJ
servers have seen Chinese troops
pouring concrete and have heard
the explosions of excavations deep
within the earth.
U. N. Troops Reody
To the south, the U. N. COM
mand has built no extensive forth
fications, but its divisions : the
United States 9th Army, with the
7th Infantry and LIST Cavalry di-
visions the ROK LIST Army, and
token troops from a dozen U. N.
nations stand ready, mobile and
bristling with modern firepower,
prepared for any eventuality.
Regularly, q U. N. duty officer
at Panmunjom hands his Com
munist counterpart a list Of mill
tary changes, Of troops rotated
and replaced. The Communist
says little and admits nothing. At
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

mistice which halted it, cannot be
understood outside the context Of
the larger struggle called the cold
war.
The Korean War was begun by
the Communists in 1850 in an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04

Ten years have passed since
the PanmunjOm ceasefire which
suspended the "pOlice action" In
Korea, and stiIl, thousands of
free world troops stand ready
for action, lest fighting should
flare up again. This poignant
reminder Of the war that new
er ended was written for North
American Newspaper Alliance by
T. r. Fehrenbach, whose book,
"This Kind Of War;" THE Mac
milan Company Is considered
the most penetrating analysis Of
the Korean conflict.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-04
Fate of Mediotors

Mr.. Stevenson seems to have
suffered the fate Of most media
, 1963-03-29
t. n,cuME TAXPAYERS IN THE
IN THE VIRGIN

R6guldLOuS LLIdG GVG1y SAtAACA u IAS
or resident OF the Virgin Islands whose gross income
Tor 1860 was 5000 or more $1.2O0.UO or mere in the
case Of those individuals who were 90 years before the
close of the taxable year, must file an income tax re-
luln % report MS m~cofnes1or income YAK purposes. ndl-
>iduals VINO are not residents but cain income IN the
VIRGIN Islands should file their returns and pay their
lakes here. before, based on their earnings in the Virgin
islands. Public Law SIT. 83rd Congress-, End Session
also requires. that an individual who claims the Virgin
Islands as his residence must file a final tax return ana
pay the total amount Of his income tax to the Virgin Is
lands on income from all sources (both within and ou1
side Of the Virgin islands, for the entire year. A taxpaY
or. who is a resident Of the Virgin Islands has no opticn
in the matter.
Furthermore, it is provided in the Code and Regu
lations that the income tax computed on form lO4O must
be paid at the time that the return is filed, but no later
than the due date OF the return. The Regulations also
provide for the assessment OF penalties, plus interest,
on any amount of tax that is not paid with the return or
by the date Of the tax.
Every citizen or resident shall make declaration of
estimated tax if his gross income can reasonably be eX
pected to consist OF more than $4,000 from sources
other than wages subject to withholding and can rea
sonably be expected to exceed 100000 for a single
Individual or a married person filing a separate declara
ton, $4,000 90 TO a person qualified as head OF a house
hold or surviving widow or WidoWer.
The Code and Regulations provide that corporations
must file their income tax returns no later thea the 18th
day Of the third month alter the close Of the taxable year
March 18th in the case OF corporations closing their tax
year on December 31st) and if the taxable year ends
after 12/3D61 the Corporation tax may be paid IN two
installments-50R with the return and 5OEofno later
than three months thereafter. individuals are required
to file their returns no later than the 18th day OF the
fourth month after the close of the taxable year april
18th in the case of individuals reporting for a taxable
year which ends on December 31st0 Individual Returns
for the calendar year 1862 are due by April l6. 1868.
Extensions Of time for filing returns and paying
income taxes have been a problem of growing proper
lions, therefore we find it necessary to restrict the grant
ing of extensions in the future to the most meritorlous
cases. Extensions will be granted only in cases where
adequate reasons are set forth in detail, on forms provid
ed by the Tax Division for that purpose. and incomplete
requests will be denied. A request for an extension OF
time for filing a return will not be considered unless
- :. o,,Lro;f4oJ o11or +ho SIGNATURE If tho taYnaunr
, 1963-03-29


Film Presentations for week Of Ma1ch 3ls
to April 9th
SUNDAY, MARCH 3lST Tickets on Sale AT 2.30 pm
Grand MATINEE at A pm. Doors will open at $50 Pm
"SPARTACUS"
-. Starring 3.
KIRK DOUGLAS. LAWRENCE OLIVIER, E SIMMONS
TONY CURTIS, Ohm GAVIN, PETER USTINov
at 8:l5 pm. ."SPARTACUS"
Tickets on Sale at s pm.
MONDAY. APRIL lST
at 4.A5 pm. Walt DisneY's
"NIKKI. Wild Dog of the North"
-. IN Z.
at 8:l5 pm. "SPARTACUS"
TUESDAY. APRIL End
ut 4.45 pm. "NIKKI"
at 8:l5 pm. "SPARTACUS"
WEDNESDAY. APRIL Ord
Double Feature Day. LIST Feature: N COLOR
LAD. A DOG"
-. End Feature
THE BEATNIKS"
THURSDAY. APRIL 4TH
at AS pm. "NIKKI"
ut 8:l5 pm. "SPARTACUS"
FRIDAY, APRIL 5TH
at 4.45 pm. "NIKKI"
at 8:l5 pm. "SPARTACUS"
ADMISSION Spurtocus : rs cts und ST.
Nikki 80. SIS cts and 75c
, 1963-03-29
E

ARCHITECTURAL kridge was project architect
chusetts Institute of Tech for the redesign Of Picadilly
nology. With his wife, Mar Circus, London, and work
garet Eskridge, he spent ed on the designs for the
one year in Helsinki, Fin United States Embassy in
land, doing architectural Athens, Greece, and the
research under the auspices new University Of Baghdad
of the Fulbright Commits in Iraq.
sion. The principle office of
After several years of William Sigal and Associ-
specializing in hospital de- ates is in Rio Piedras and
sign for The Architects branch Offices are located
Collaborative', Mr.. Els in ST. Thomas and St. Croix.
payers are requested to file their returns and TO be sure
that they are complete and signed.
Employees of the Tax Division will assist taxpayers
in preparing their income tax returns only on Tuesdays,
Wednesdays and Thursdays. Such assistance will be
limited to preparation Of simple returns, however other
information may be obtained by telephone or by appoint
ment.
PERCY DE JONGH
Commissioner of Finance
10. 1914. %. Il
Evening star., 1963-05-05

against Castro. The base would
be q mother ship standing off
shore and supplied by small
boats from the mainland. De-
prived Of CIA support the
exiles are soliciting contribu-
tions by mail and having some
success. If the floating base idea
fails, the action groups will try
to move to another country.
The White House staff Is
turning q cold shoulder upon
the newly : created Consumers
Conucil. formed in response to
a campaign promise by the
President. The complaint Is
that the Council tended to con-
centrate on small and unim-
portant matters and to free
wheel In q fashion which led
to confusion. 1t is contended
that the Council has not shown
any potential for positive con-
tributions to consumer interest.
The Indian government Is
aroused by reports that some
Of the 1,400 Indian prisoners
taken by the Chinese In the
hostilities last fall are being
put on public displays In which
they are called upon to make
speeches against their own gov
ernment. Peking maintains in
turn that the Indians badly
mistreated the Chinese nation
ais who were interned when the
war broke out. The Chinese say
these internees were tortured
and kept on bread and water.
The political struggle against
the consolidation Of the Inter-
nal Revenue Services data pro-
cessing centers has ended in q
victory for the IRIS and the
taxpayers. The consolidation
will proceed. and Michigan,
which loses its center to Cow
ington, KY, will be appeased
by the location Of q computer
service center, to handle pay
checks for IRIS employees, In
Detroit or Port Huron.
Evening star., 1963-05-05
BY CHARLES BARTLETT
Star Special Writer

The capital is bristling with
signs that the business COM
munity is awakening to its po-
tential as a strong and posi-
tive force in American politi-
cal life.
One businessman turned
politicians, George Romney, is
pressing the top Of the list for
the Republican nomination in
1864. Another, William Scran-
ton, is high in party favor
Robert Mcnamara from indus
try and Douglas Dillon from
Wall Street are firmly en-
. sconced in the tight inner core
of influence Of the Kennedy
cabinet and when crisis looms,
another financier, Robert Lo-
vett, is inveriably found in the
Presidents councils.
Some $50 companies have
hired public affairs officers to
stir political activity among
their employees. The NAM is
being renovated from q voice
in the wilderness to q more
positive force. The Chamber OF
Commerce, which has Just met
here, Is publishing pamphlets
and exhortations which urge q
complex range Of political ac-
tivities from polling precincts
to community development.
Impact Of Depression
The predominance Of busi-
ness influence was an accepted
fact Of national life from the
Civil War to the Great De-
preston. A perceptive British
journalist, G. w. Stevens, OBJ
served in his coverage of the
presidential election Of 1896
that the public's difference and
even reverence for business
and businessmen were aston
ishing to behold.
But this ascendancy was
abruptly lost in the economic
collapse and the election oi
Franklin Roosevelt in 1882
Walter Lippmann wrote ir
early 1888 that the loss Of con.
fidence in business was so ex-
tensive that men asked them.
selves seriously whether the
Evening star., 1963-05-05
POINT OF VIEW.

private direction Of industry
would not have to be sup
planted by public manage
ment." Less than ten years
after President Coolidge had
observed that "the business Of
America is business" the busi-
ness community became q
sulking minority force In the
affairs Of the nation.
The new renaissance has
stemmed chiefly from the
gathering confidence Of the
postwar economic era, the po-
litical roles of the labor unions,
and q quickening awareness
that politics is too important
to business to be left to the
politicians. Dwight Eisenhow-
er. who crusaded privately and
publicly for business participa-
ton in local and national gov
ernment, has been q major
force in two aspects Of the
transition.
Swing From Right
His effort to impose q phi
losophy Of modern Republic
anism" was a strong stimulant
to the defiance Of the ultra
right movement, which has en-
joyed heavy financial nourish-
ment from business. Even the
cautious public utilities are
now supporting groups like the
Inter- Collegiate Student Indi-
vidualists.
But President Eisenhower
was also responsible for induc-
ing a number of business lead
ers to take steps to shake off
the political apathy and mega
tivism which had settled upon
them in the Roosevelt era. He
was directly responsible for the
Effective Citizens Organiza-
ton, which h has worked for
eight years to educate compa-
nies to encourage their en-
ployes to participate in cam
paigns. give contributions, and
even to run for office.
The movement does not re-
fleet the spirit Of one company
president who proudly declared
Il not only tell my people tc
vote-I tell them how to vote" "
Monolithic Republicanism can
Evening star., 1963-05-05
Organ Recital Tonight

Ronald c. Rice, q fellow at
the College of Church Musi-
clans. Washington Cathedral,
will present an organ recital at
1880 o'clock tonight at the
Sixth Presbyterian Church, Six
teenth and Kennedy streets NV
Evening star., 1963-05-05
Businessmen urn to Politics

not be imposed upon any group
Of employees in an age Of in
dependent thinking, and most
large companies recognize the
virtue of representation within
both parties. 1t is a matter of
stimulating and educating peo-
pie on various ways Of partici-
pating in the campaigns and
causes which attract their in
terest and Of making them
conscious that this activity will
enhance and not impair their
status in the company.
Aid in Campaigns
One of the most pertinent
fruits of this missionary work
is found in the depressing area
Of POLITICAL financing, where the
problem is to secure a broad
base Of contributors to the ex-
travagant cost Of modern cam
paigns.
One company, Astrojet-G Cen
eral, has taken the lead In bi-
partisan encouragement of do
nations. In 1858 some II, SOC
employees contributed $24, ,00C
and in 1862, after arrange
ments were made for payroll
deductions of political gifts
some $4,000 employees gave $685.
900. The achievement may be
measured by the comparison
between the 70 per cent Of the
company's personnel who were
recorded as donors and the two
per cent of the total population
who normally contribute to po-
litical causes.
Production men tend to BALI
at any diversion from the goa
Of efficiency but operating Of
ficials In many companies are
embracing the ECO concept oi
political participation. If the
movement really catches on
school boards, city councils
state legislatures. and the ma
tional government will all be
tuned more closely to the peo-
pie they serve.
NEWS FOCUS NOTES
The Cuban action groups ir
Miami, still restrained BY
United States policy, are con-
sidering the establishment Of {
fIookt,,o korn Rar aVara kia,n,
Evening star., 1963-05-05
NEWS FOCUS NOTES

The Cuban action groups In
Miami, still restrained by
United States policy, are con-
sidering the establishment Of q
floating base for operations
Evening star., 1963-05-05

Thot's right, we have the new Poloroic
Lond Color Film. It works in mos
existing Land Comeros. Just snoE
the shutter, pull the tob and in 81
seconds you have q beautiful full
color picture right out Of thu
back of the comero. No coating
necessary. These are the most excit
ing pictures you have ever seen-onc
now you con toke them for yourself
Don't miss out come in today
loroe size, type 48 film only 49,
The Hscht co-cSmeros-AH Stores
Evening star., 1963-01-01

PIaZa-"West End Jungle; :"
las, $40, 4:35, sos, 7:30, 8:35
and 1918 pm.
Town - Two for the See
Evening star., 1963-01-01

in THE Lion" when he is so
much more interested in the
films landscape that both he
and the moviegoer become al
most totally oblivious of the
narrative.
The logic of this is very
sound in that it provides "The
Lion" with its most rewarding
spots of drama.
The little girl in the cast is
named Pamela Franklin and she
is figuratively, as we'll as liter
ally, rescued just in time to
save her from a life of think
ing lions are more charming
than William Holden. AS for her
elders in the film at the Capt.
tol, they seem hardly able to
believe the whole thing.
The best moment among is
Howard's at the fadeout when
he shrugs off Capucine. Holden,
ana little Miss Franklin to re-
turn to his guns and the beasts.
+
TV TO THE RESCUE:
Thanks to radio and television,
Ted Kraus' Critical Digest has
some New York critic reviews to
digest beyond last weeks slim
pickings, the Newark Star
Ledger. He finds the New York
Times Howard Taubman back
on vocal duty on station
WQXR and the Herald Trib-
une's Walter Kerr usually and
vocally busy on CBS-TV.
They both liked Bert Lahr in
Evening star., 1963-01-01
WHERE
AND WHEN
Current Theater Attraction
and Time of Showing
Stage

Stage
NatiOnal-"A Far Country"
1880 pm.
Arena Stage - "Volpone;"
1890 pm.
Washington Theater Club
Dark. "The Establishment;
resumes tomorrow.
Howard - Coasters and Dee
Clark; 2, 4:45, 1880 and 10 pm.
Screen
AmbassadOr-"Gypsy;" 1:20,
I4:05, GAS and 9:25 pm.
Apex - Divorce - Italian
Style" l:2z, $3.50, 5:35, 7:35
and 9:40 pm.
CapitOl-"The Lion" 1850
am, 1850, $3.50, $3.50. 1850 and
$50 pm.
DupOnt-"Phaedra; /, $40,
500, TAO and 9:55 pm.
Keiths - "Taras Bulba;"
11:25 am, 2, 4:4O, 7:15 and $50
pm. Mrs. Kennedy's Asian
Journey" IL am, 1885, 4:10
I6:45 and 9:25 pm.
MacArthur-"Kill or Cure"
1:l0. 2:55, ABS, $40, 8 and
$50 pm.
Metropolitan - &C Ups "
1:20, 4, 6:35 and 9:15 pm.
Ontario - THE Longes
Day." 2 and $3.50 pm.
Palace-"Jumbo;" 11:45 am.
p, 4:30, 7 and 9:35 pm.
Playhouse - "B ara b b a S;
1:45, AIS, GAS and 9:10 pm.