davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-01
George H. Mead Dies,
Paper Company Head

DAYTON, Ohio, Jan. / (AP)
George H. Mead, long head
of one of the Nations great
paper manufacturing firms, the
Mead Corp, died in his home
here today after a long illness.
Mr.. Mead, who also had de-
voted many years of his life to
public service, had headed the
corporation of Al manufacture
ing operations in II States for
more than SIS years, He had
been honorary board chairman
since his retirement in l948.
Mr.. Mead, 85, served the
Nation on many important
boards and commissions in
World War II under appoint
ments from both Presidents
Franklin D. Roosevelt and
Harry Truman.
Began Career in 1897
He began his career in the
paper industry in 1897 in a
mill founded in 1846 by his
grandfather, Col. Daniel E.
Mead. He had seen the cor
poration grow from two small
and struggling predecessor COM
panies in Dayton and Chilli
cothe to become one of the
Nations leading paper, pulp
and paperboard companies.
When the Mead Corp, a
successor to the old Mead Paper
Co., was organized in 1880, Mr..
Mead became its first president,
a post he maintained until
1912. when he was elected
board chairman.
Among the many public serv-
ice posts Mr.. Mead held was
that of a member of the Busi-
ness Advisory Council named
by Daniel Roper, first Secre-
tary of Conn merce in the
Franklin d. Roosevelt admin
istration in 1888. He was chair
man of the council in 1886.
Mr.. Mead was a member of
the National Defense Media
ton Board in 1941 and of the
National War Labor Board in
1912. From 1914 to 1946 he
was a member of the War
Mobilization and Reconversion
Board, the Economic Stabiliza-
ton Board and the office of
Price Administrations Decon-
troll Board.
Held Various Posts
President Truman named him
to various assignments, in
cluding membership on the
Hoover Commission on Reor-
ganization of the executive
branch of the United States
Government in 1947. He also
was chairman of the Advisory
Evening star., 1963-01-01

Board under the National Re-
covery Act in 1934-35.
Mr.. Mead leaves his wife,
Elsie Louise Talbot Mead,
whom he married in 1914; three
daughters, Mrs. John Louise
Walker of Greenwich, Conn. {;
Miss Katharine Mead of Day.
ton and Mrs. Frank Mariana
O'Brien, jr., of Groton, Mass,
and two sons, Harry Talbot
Mead and Nelson S. Mead of
Dayton.
Another son, 1t. George H.
Mead, jr., was the first Marine
officer killed on Guadalcanal
in 1912.
Evening star., 1963-01-01
TODAYS WEATHER REPORT

District and vicinity-Clear
and not quite as cold tonight,
low l8. Fair tomorrow with
slowly rising temperatures.
Maryland-Fair and not quite
as cold tonight and tomorrow.
Low tonight ranging from 5 in
the mountains to 20 in the ex-
treme south. High tomorrow
1882 in the west and 32-40
in the east.
= Virginia-Fair and not quite
as cold tonight and tomorrow.
Low tonight ranging from in
the mountains to % in the ex-
tIeme southeast. High tomor-
row in the 30s to low 40S.
Lower Potomac and Chesa-
peake Bay-Small craft warn
ings displayed. Winds dimin-
fishing slowly tonight and to-
morrow. Fair with visibility Of
10 miles.
River Report
Potomac River clear ~ Harper 5
Ferry and clear al Great Fails, Shen-
andoah clear at Harper'S Ferry,
Evening star., 1963-01-01
W. Carl Sprout

WILLIAMSPORT, Pa, Jan.
/ tAPJ.--W. Carl Sprout, man
aging editor Of the Harrisburg
Patriot from 1919 TO 1858. died
In a hospital yesterday after
suffering a heart attack. Mr.
Sprout, 76, was newspaperman
for as years He worked on
newspapers In Carlisle. Pa, and
Philadelphia before joining the
Harrisburg Patriot.
Evening star., 1963-01-01
Virginia Press Sets
Cor Safety Seminar

RICHMOND, Jan. (AP).-
Virginia daily and weekly news
papers will participate In a
one-day seminar on traffic
safety at the mid-winter con-
vention Of the Virginia Press
Association In williamsburg
January 20.
State Senator f. f. Wiley
OF Richmond and Delegate
Baldwin Locher Of Rockbridge.
co-chairmen Of the Virginia
Advisory Legislative Councils
Highway Safety Committee.
will be after-iuncneon speakers
at the meeting,
Evening star., 1963-01-01
Virginia Wakes Up
With Two New Cities

city from annexing parts of
another city, county politicians
found the transformation OF
their rural-suburban bailiwicks
into cities the answer to their
annexation problem.
The two most populous cities
in the area Norfolk and
Portsmouth. are, therefore, ef-
.fectively blocked from further
physical growth unless Ports
mouths eleventh-hour annexa-
ton suit against Norfolk Coun-
ty succeeds.
Suit Is Filed
Portsmouth filed its suit for
44.77 square miles of county
land just before the county's
merger plans became official.
A special three Judge annexa-
ton court will decide on Friday
whether a county motion to
dismiss the suit should be up
held or dismissed.
There were probably many
toasts drunk to the disappear
ing communities New Years
eve as the approximately 1872
900 residents of the two new
cities welcomed in a new year
and a new governmental era.
Officially, there was little
fanfare.
Paper covers were ripped off
new city limit signs, and police
men donned new badges and
shoulder patches before being
sworn in.
But Virginia Beach won't
waste any time getting down to
business. The II man city
council was to hold its first
meeting today.
Chesapeake's 10-member city
council will have a holiday to-
day, however. It's first meeting
is scheduled for tomorrow.
Evening star., 1963-01-01
Apple Blossom Fete
To Be Held Muy "a

WINCHESTER. Va, Jan. /
tAP) The Seth annual Shen-
andoah Apple Blossom Festival
is scheduled for this Northern
Virginia city next May "a.
. The dates for the annual
springtime celebration were
announced by the festivals ex-
ecutive committee.
Evening star., 1963-01-01

Two new cities were born
with the new year this morning
Chesapeake and Virginia
Beach, each formed by the
merger of a huge county and
a small city, came into official
existence at the stroke of mid
night.
Fading into the past with
1862 were three historic Vr-
g1nia placenames: Norfolk
County, Princess Anne County
and South Norfolk.
p. Both new cities face monu-
mental organization chores in
the first days and months of
1853.
But the members of the
merged governments have had
q year during which to make
their plans, and the official
switchover from four govern
ments to two this morning
should be smooth.
Annexation Feared
Chesapeake, with about u.s.
600 residents spread over 343
square miles of land area, was
formed by the consolidation of
Norfolk County and South
Norfolk. Virginia Beach, with
a population of about 87,0U0
distributed over 255 square
miles, was formed by the mer-
ger of Princess Anne County
and Virginia Beach.
Both mergers were brought
about by a combination of fac
tors, but the common denom-
inator seemed to be the fear
by Princess Anne and Norfolk
counties Of future annexations
and the resulting loss of tax
payers, tax base and political
power.
Since State law prohibits a
Evening star., 1963-01-01
Third County
Attracted 10
Area Council.
BY LEE FLOR
Star Staff Writer


The Charles County Board of
Commissioners is interested in
joining the Metropolitan Wash
ington Council of Governments,
officials said today.
w. Algie Cooksey, president
of the newly elected Republi-
can slate of County Commits
sioners, said Charles County
definitely would have represen-
tatives on the regional sanitary
advisory board of the council.
However, Charles County
is concerned with other major
problems that are metropol-
itan-wide, including transpor-
tation, he said.
"The council is going to be
very important, we border
Prince Georges County, and
what happens to Prince Georges
is very important to U.S." Mr..
Cooksey said.
Sd County to Join
Charles County would be the
third county in Maryland to
join the Council of Govern
Iments, which includes represen-
tatives from all Maryland and
Virginia local governments,
along with representatives from
Congress.
Engineer Commissioner Fred
erick j. Clarke of the District
of Columbia is chairman of the
Councils executive board. and
Representative Carlton r. Sic
kles, Democrat of Maryland, is
chairman Of the groups con-
ference.
Mr.. Cooksey said the County
Commissioners had talked to
Council of Government Off
cials two weeks ago.
Most of the highways we
need will come through Prince
Georges County," Mr.. Cooksey
said.
Mr.. Sickles has sent a letter
to the Commissioners, asking
them to make their application
for consideration by the Coun-
Gil of Governments executive
board.
One Third Increase
Charles County is expected to
grow about one-third in popu-
lation in the next 10 years. 1t
has 1876 miles Of shoreline along
the Patuxent and Potomac,
suitable for summer homes or
lodgings.
1t has a major problem with
the pollution of the Potomac,
because of upstream con-
tamination from sources
throughout the metropolitan
Washington area.
A regional master sewer plan
estimates that Charles County's
share of metropolitan sewer ia
cilities is $13 million making
finances a growing concern for
the Charles County Commits
Sioners.
/ Mr.. Cooksey said the Com
missioners expect the growth,
and are working to have sites
ready for development"
Evening star., 1963-01-01
GEORGE A. DlDDtN. JR.
PRESIDENT 4 CHAIRMAN or THE BOARD

DIRECTORS.
Wiley 7. BLACKWELL
WllFReD n. BlANZ
T. EARLE BOURNE
LUTHER S. BRlooS
THOMAS A, cANTWttt
JAMES A. DoNoHoE, JR.
S. oolAN DoNoHot
oRArz {. DUNkUM, JR.
\. LEWIS fttMtR
EDGAR 7, oAoDls
HYMth GOLDMAN
FRANCIS J. KANE
JOHN 1. lAUblTStN
AotlBtR1 w. lee
FRANK J. MANN
WILLIAM N. PAYNE. JR.
RUDOLPH ". SANrtlMANA
RICHARD X. SINCLAIR
FRANK SNAIL, N.
WILLIAM THOMSON
J. ttBtRT TUNE
ARTHUR ., WALKER
JACK PRY
Evening star., 1963-01-01

FURNISHED by the United States Coasl
and Geodetlc Survey
Evening star., 1963-01-01

Potomac River clear at Harper s
Ferry and clear at Great Falls Shen-
and0ah clear at Harper'S Ferry
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
Test Ban Story: Many Factors Led to Nuc|ear Treaty

from the Russian point Of
view.
Mr.. Khrushchev was under
pressure from some of his own
officials to prop up the sagging
offensive. The militant Chinese
leaders were demanding action.
The United States had jumped
ahead in the arms race and the
margin threatened to put
America one-up in future power
politics.
At the same time the Soviet
economy was chaotic. There
was no money for an expensive
acceleration Of the arms race
or a massive new foreign-inter-
vention program.
The short-range missiles sent
to Cuba offered a possible way
out. If the United States per-
mitted those missiles and 9TH
ers that could have followed,
then Russia could have pulled
even in the missile race. And
the Cuban missiles were much
cheaper than long-range ICBMS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
U. S. Diplomats Enlist
Support of Attest Pact

being presented abroad can be
summarized as follows:
The United States and Britain
initiated the partial test ban
agreement just concluded with
the draft treaty they presented
at the Geneva disarmament
parley last August. They would
stu like to extend the ban to
include underground explosions.
Meanwhile, the agreement
against testing In the air, In
space and under water is a
step forward. 1t serves to ease
East-West tension, stem radio
active fallout and act as q
brake on the arms race.
During the fortnight Of
negotiations at Moscow, the
Russians presented Mr.. Khru-
shchev's proposals for O nom
aggression pact between the
North Atlantic Treaty organi-
zation and the Warsaw-bloc,
exchange of military observers
to guard against surprise at
tack and reduction Of outside
forces In East and West Ger
many.
The United states intends to
pursue the questions Of o non
aggression agreement and ex-
changes Of military observers.
The NATO ailies are being con-
suited on the non-aggression
proposal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
ID on Muneuvers
Hit by Lightning

GUERNSEY, Wyo., July 20
(AP).-Fourteen Iowa National
Guardsmen were struck by
lightning yesterday while on
field maneuvers rs miles north
east Of Camp Guernsey, a sum-
mer camp for National Guard
units in Southeastern wyoming
The men, all members Of the
saith Artillery Group Of Boone,
Iowa, were clustered around
radios and other communica-
tons equipment when the bolt
struck during an electrical
storm.
Two Of the men were
hospitalized at Goshen County
Hospital In Torrington and an
other three we're confined at
the camp infir1nary. The other
nine men were not seriously
hurN
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
Internal Problems
Faced Russians

BY mid-1962, when planning
for the Cuban operation began
taking hold of the Kremlin, all
sectors of the Soviet economy
were showing stress.
Most severe were conditions
in agriculture, the perennial
weak spot in Russia's economy.
In March Mr.. KhruShchev had
reorganized the farm program
to emphasize cheap, but still
inefficient ways of increasing
production.
This failed to increase pro-
duction of the meat products
Mr.. Khrushchev had vowed two
years before would be on every
ones dinner plate. In July,
shortages forced a raise in
prices. This led to protests, and
even some riots.
Mr.. Khrushchev, as usual,
blamed waste and faulty plan
ming for the strains on the
economy, but experts knew that
his nations resources were be-
ing severely taxed by the large
proportion of the national
product going to the military
estimated at about is per cent.
A stable portion Of the mill
tary budget, moreover, was
being spent on keeping the
large 3.5 million man army in
a state of readiness, even
though in q nuclear war, Mr..
Khrushchev had said, ground
armies were not expected to
play a major role.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
Mitchell Turns Down
Birch Society Job

NEwBURGH. N. Y, July 26
(AP). City Manager Joseph
Mitchell, whose resignation is
effective September o, said
yesterday he had turned down
a Job with the John Birch So
ciety.
Mr.. Mitchell announced July
8 that he would Become an
East Coast organizer for the
right-wing organization when
he leaves his $15,700-a-year
city Job. However. Mr.. Mitchell
said today, he was unable to
fully reconcile his views with
those Of the Birch Society"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
Sef-Interest
Is Great Concern

Russia's national interest has
been at the heart of Mr.. Khru-
shchev's handling Of relations
with the West. His great con-
Germ for preventing the nu-
clear destruction Of Russia has
led him to seek alternatives to
the about arms race advo-
Gated by many of his generals.
1t is this concern with nu-
clear war which made him
receptive to Mr.. Kennedy's
June 10 speech at American
University calling on him to
join in q strategy of peace"
Mr.. Kennedy's conciliatory
words, his plea to Americans
to "reassesS their attitude to-
ward Russia" gave Mr.. Khru-
shchev an opportunity to stress
to his own critics that the
United States was coming to
him for an agreement.
Having reasserted his power
in recent months, Mr.. Khru-
shchev seems intrigued by the
possibilities involved in an &C
commodation with the West.
In such an atmosphere of
goodwill, he could probably
get his domestic programs ap-
proved.
This would include investing
a sizeable amount Of money for
a moderate number of deter
rent" weapons such as con-
cealed intercontinental mis-
sileS and missile firing nuclear
submarines. Savings from other
forms Of military expenditures
could be funneled into the
domestic sector.
when assessing available
resources, we must soberly take
into account the needs of
peace-time economy and the
requirements of defense. We
must balance both sides so as
to prevent one side from be-
ing overemphasized," Mr..
Khrushchev said in February,
and this balance is believed
the keystone of his policy.
But to achieve a balance,
Mr.. Khrushchev needs a re-
Taxed atmosphere with the
West.
Even more Importantly, in
times of less international
stress, he can hope for agree
ments by the West to reduce
its arms expenditures to a point
where he can safely order cuts
in his own budget.
Moreover, in times of inter-
national peace, Mr.. Khrushchev
usually can count on increased
political support for the Com
munist Parties in Western Eu-
rope.
1t is. after all, only through
political means that commu-
nism has any real chance of
gaining power in the highly
industrialized countries that
Marx originally had his eyes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
one of three basic policies:

one Of three basic policies:
/. The Soviet Union can get
meaner-start q crash program
to build ICBMs or space weap-
ons and push often to the brink
Of war in hopes the West will
back down before 1t does.
Almost no administration
analyst expects that to happen
right now. 1t would cost Rus
STA too much. and it would un-
necessarily risk all of the 45-
year "gains Of socialism"
A major point to the public
quarrel between Russia and
China was the Russian insist
ence on playing 1t safe.
Also, it is practically impos-
sible for a country to catch UP
in long-range striking weap-
ons once a rival has moved well
ahead Unless the United
States disarms itself or re-
fuses to race, the Russians
cannot build enough missiles to
destroy the bulk Of the Amer
lean retaliatory forces.
Russia can try for some
chronological breakt h rough
that will provide a sure coun-
ter to American missiles and
bombers, but without such q
breakthrough 1t would be logi-
cal for the Kremlin to settle
for a relatively cheap, small
force designed only to deter
an American attack.
2. Another broad course open
to the Russians is real peace.
They could agree to settle the
German problem, accept q real
istic step-by-step disarmament
program accompanied by eff
fective inspection and stop
backing Communist insurrec-
tons around the world.
Again, almost none of the
experts expect this now. No
government can completely re-
verse its course overnight. Any
such change would take years
or decades.
3. Finally, the Russians
could keep UP the cold-war
preSsureS on a low-risk basis
and settle for limited goals.
This is the best guess for the
near future. 1t gives Russia q
chance to expand peacefully,
through trade, aid, propaganda,
subversion and bluff-and
time.
Good Communists ought to
believe that these channels give
them q real chance to prevail.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
Wanted Cuts
In Armed Forces

AS early as January, 1850, he
had called for extensive cuts
in the army and in other "obso-
lete" forces such as manned
bombers and surface ships.
But the Red Army is a pow
erful and influential force in
the Soviet Union. Under times
of international tension--as in
the 1861 Berlin crisis-the Red
Army can muster strong sup
port to keep its 125 or so
divisions in battle dress.
BY late summer of last year.
Mr.. Khrushchev apparently
was counting on his cuban
plan to force concessions from
the United States that would
allow him to reduce spending
on Obsolete" military forces.
The failure Of the Cuban
gambit, however, left Mr..
Khrushchev holding the bag
and again pointed out to him
the danger of nuclear war.
Moreover, his military strength
now appeared shockingly infer
ior to that of the Unite d
States, his economic problems
were mounting, and his politi-
cal opponents in the Kremlin
and in Red China were becom-
ing more strident.
In the first weeks following
Cuba, Mr.. Khunshchev seemed
determined to avoid a con-
frontation with the West.
President Kennedy offered MIN
alternatives other than about
war, and Mr.. Khrushchev
seemed to welcome Mr.. Ken
nedy's moderate response to a
clear and present danger"
Administration officials felt
Mr.. Khrushchev, burdene d
with so many problems, had no
real alternative but to seek an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
III. S. Showed
1t Would Fight

In retrospect, in the opinion
of administration leaders, the
threat to fight for Laos showed
Mr.. Khrushchev that despite
his rockets and his swagger, the
United States was ready to fight.
Another showdown that year
In Berlin ended the same way.
The United States called UP
reserves, reinforced the Berlin
garrison and promised to fight.
And at about the same time,
Americans began moving seri-
ously into the war for South
Wet Nam.
The administration was
working, meanwhile. to lure the
underdeveloped nations away
from communism. Here, some
what surprisingly, the natural
tides of change worked in
Americas favor.
The newly independent coun-
tries turned out to be more So
phisticated about communism
than had been expected. Almost
all of the new countries pro-
crossed politically and econom-
lcally while they held commu-
uism at arms length.
They showed no interest in
Russian plans to take effective
control of the United Nations
machinery.
The West began to score
more points in Egypt, Syria,
Iraq, Indonesia and the Congo.
Latin Americans did not fall
for Castro.
Round Two was far from
ended, however.
While American leaders
speculated that the Russians
would move next in Berlin or
step UP the arms race or men
ace some small country, the
Kremlin quietly moved missiles
into Cuba.
This is seen now as a last
desperate effort to win the
round.
It was another try at nuclear
blackmail; it was an indirect
threat to Berlin (push us in
Cuba and we'll hit you in
Berlin, Mr.. Khrushchev said in
effect) and it showed small
countries that Russia was a
good, tough friend.
Hindsight shows a good bit
Of logic in the Cuban move
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-26
Continued From Page Al

ons. And then they put Cuban
invaders ashore at the Bay of
= Pigs.
This first Kennedy counter
offensive collapsed dismally.
The Bay Of Pigs fiasco became
one of the grimmer episodes of
American history.
Mr.. Kennedy looked desper-
ately for way to show Mr..
3 Khrushchev that blackmail
would not work and to show
small countries there was an
alternative to communism.
Laos presented the opportu-
nifty.
The pro-American govern
ment there was crumbling I'M
der Red assaults. Mr.. Kennedy
was willing to negotiate a COM
promise to establish a neutral
list, coalition government, but
he feared that before his dip
p lomats could negotiate a settle
mbent in Gneva, Laos would be
completely in Red control.
He swore he would not follow
the Bay of Pigs with a Diem
Bien Phu. He told Mr.. Khru-
shchev he would not negotiate
until there was a cease fire.
What is more, he ordered a
full-scale intervention force
mounted and made sure that
Mr.. KhTushchev knew that Ma
rines were being loaded on ships
in Okinawa, naval task forces
were circling in the South
China Sea and Army and Air
Force units were converging on
Southeast Asia.
r The public did not know
what Mr.. Khrushchev knew.
Some troop movements and
sudden ship sailings were noted
by reporters on the West Coast,
Hawaii and elsewhere, but
there was no confirmation in
Washington that anything Sc
rious was up-that America
was striding to the brink of
war in Laos.
After the Geneva settlement
on minimum Kennedy terms,
the invasion force was disman-
tied as secretly as it had been
assembled.