davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-14
A President Is Morally Obligated
To Seek Authority for Use of Men

cases in which Marines have
been landed for brief periods
in foreign countries by the
United States to protect
American lives and property
and no resolutions have been
sought from Congress. But
in no case have such forces
been used to carry on any
operations involving mill
tary action against another
country.
Today American troops
and equipment-at a cost to
American taxpayers of ST.
100000 a day-are in South
Wet Nam, and the official
word is that all this is solely
to help in defensive opera
tions at the request of the
local government. Lately it
appears that the local COM
manders don't want to fight
the Communicated forces
and are ignoring the advice
of American military Off
GERS, one Of whom was killed
as he pleaded with the native
army commanders to fight.
American troops usually do
not engage in any foreign
war without the authorize
ton of the peoples repre-
sentatives-the Congress Of
the United States. 1t is rec
ognized, Of course, that a
President may take measures
of instant retaliation If an
attack is made against this
country, but it is assumed
Congress would even then be
asked to authorize any con-
tinued warfare. Under the
North Atlantic Treaty Or
ganization, the United States
is pledged to regard an at
tack on any of the member
states as being just the same
as an attack on the United
States. But after the initial
steps have been taken, the
Congress is supposed to fur
nish the necessary authority
to carry on the war.
Just why the administra-
ton has not presented the
facts about the situation in
South Wet Nam to the
American people is a mystery.
Informal and confidential
talks with members of the
Foreign Relations Commit
tees of Congress have been
held by the Department of
State, but these are by no
Evening star., 1963-01-14
Explanation Is Due on Wet Nam

means a substitute for the
requirements of the Consti-
tuition. American boys have
already been killed in ac-
ton in South Wet Nam, and
many more of them may be
sacrificed in the Congo or
other parts of the world to
quell local disturbances.
The United States Govern
ment today has taken the
position that, under the as
sumed authority of the
United Nations, American
advisers and equipment can
be used in the Congo to set
tie by force an internal war
in a state which covers a
considerable area in Central
Africa. Great Britain and
France and other U. N. men,
berS disapprove of such in
tervention, which, though
carried on ostensibly by the
U. NJ, is really supported,
encouraged and financed
largely by the United States.
Not a single step has been
taken by Congress to au-
thorize American military
support of the U. N. in the
Congo.
President Eisenhower
found himself in a tough
spot in the Far East when an
attack on Quemoy and Matsu,
the islands off the shore of
Red China, was threatened
in 1854 and 1855. He asked
Congress for authority to re-
Sist such an attack and to
use American armed forces.
The issue was fully debated,
and a Joint resolution au-
thorizing military action in
certain contingencies was
overwhelmingly adopted.
This was a policy of can
dor and of fairness to the
American people and their
representatives. 1t ought to
be repeated. Whenever the
Congress, moreover, does de-
bate the issues and the use
Of troops is sanctioned, then
the psychological effect of
such a step is without ques-
ton felt abroad. 1t helps to
dispel any notion that the
executive branch of the Gov
ernment here is engaged in
a ventureSome game that it
might not perhaps play to
the finish. In risking the
lives of soldiers, there is
every reason to follow the
procedure prescribed by the
Constitution.
Copyright. 1963)
Evening star., 1963-01-14
1000 Wet Nomese Hit
Strong Wet Cong Post

The action was almost at
the same spot of the bloody
battle of January 2. Helicop-
ters were not used in the OPP
Grafton however, and there were
no American casualties.
S,516 Toll
An indication of Communist
strength in the area was given
in a government announcement
that 3,516 Wet Cong were eth
er killed or captures in the
province during 1862.
A major object of almost
daily government attacks in
the area is to open some of the
canals and roads blockaded by
Wet Cong obstacles. The Reds
also have been harasSing the
Saigon-My Tho road, which had
been one of the safest in the
country. But in the past few
weeks, guerrillas have destroyed
post after post along the road
Women Caught
The bodies of seven American
helicopter crewmen killed in
crash Friday were placed aboard
a plane in Saigon today fol-
shipment home. All seven dice
when their troop carried lost
Evening star., 1963-01-14
$40 Million Held
Missing in Congo

BRUSSELS, Belgium, Jan. IA
(AP) Possibly two billion
Congolese france $40 million)
are missing from the Katanga
National Bank in Elisabeth
vile, reliable Belgian sources
reported.
The sources said the bank
notes were removed from the
bank late in December. This
would be about the time of the
renewed fighting between Ka-
tangan and United Nations
forces.
President Noise Tshombe Of
Katanga issued his own cur
rency in 1860, using several
hundred million of the francs
as backing. He has not yet
been asked about the disap-
pearance of the currency.
Informants said the short
age was discovered after U. N.
representatives took over the
bank when the Tshombe forces
were driven from Elisabethville.
Evening star., 1963-01-14

For what cause have So
Americans given their lives
in South Wet Nam? What
is the Government here tell
ing the unfortunate parents
and relatives? 1t would seem
that not only is a persuasive
explanation due the fam
lilies of the men killed, but it
is due the American people
as we'll. For other Americans
in uniform-about 100000
of them-now are stationed
in Al different lands and may
any day be asked to make
similar sacrifices.
An official explanation as
to why the United States is
risking the lives of its youth
in South Wet Nam has not
been forthcoming. Yet Con-
gress alone, under the Con-
stitution, has the right to
declare war. A President who
finds our national safety
threatened need not wait for
Congress but may in an
emergency order our armed
services into action because
there isn't time to consult
Congress. At the earliest
practicable moment, never
theless, a President is morally
obligated to ask for a resolu-
ton of both houses of Con-
gress to authorize the con-
tinued use of American
troops. There has been
plenty of time for Congress
to tackle the problem of
supplying military aid to
South Wet Nam.
When President Wilson
suddenly ordered Marines to
land in Vera Cruz in 1914 to
intercept a shipment of arms
from Germany, a request for
a Joint resolution of authori-
zation was made only a few
days later. The request was
promptly granted. In 1850.
when President Truman over
night ordered our armed
forces to help the United Ma
tions to repel the invasion of
South Korea, he called it a
police action" though it
turned into a major war.
Congress never authorized it
explicitly but later gave the
military operation validity by
passing the necessary appro-
priations.
There have been a few
Evening star., 1963-01-14

its lateral control mechanism
and dropped like a cork on an
island in the Mekong River.
A special Wet Namese police
squad captured two Commu-
mist women agents and killed
a Wet Cong platoon leader in
a raid eight miles south of Sal
gon over the week end. The
raid uncovered a weapons
cache.
Government operations in
other parts of the country
netted SO more prisoners. Two
government soldiers were re-
ported wounded.
A Chinese Communist broad
cast announced the Wet Cong
would observe a 312-day cease
fire during the annual spring
festival, which this year is jan
uary 1927.
Evening star., 1963-01-14

Katanga with it's mineral
riches and its flamboyant
secessionist president, Noise
Tshombe, is the key-but not
the solution-to the Congo's
troubles.
Katanga has caught the
eye of the world because of
its dramatic import and the
stubborn efforts of the United
Nations to bring it into the
central Congo government,
Time Is Vital
But if Katanga, despite its
wealth, were to integrate with
the rest of the country tomor-
row, it would have virtually no
effect on the teetering Congo
economy for at least a year,
and time is vital.
The surface attitude has been
that once Katanga has been
settled, the country can move
briskly back to economic Sc
curity.
Nothing could be further
from the fact.
Katanga has her own eco
nomic troubles, directly con-
nected with the secessionist
problem. just the task Of put
ting Katanga's house back in
order would prevent her from
being an important contributor
to a country which faces a 1868
budget deficit of nearly $500
million.
The central Congo, with the
help of United Nations experts
is struggling with an initiation
airy problem Of perilous impli-
cations.
Unemployment of what used
to make up the skilled ano
semi-skilled labor force stands
Evening star., 1963-01-14

at about half a million men.
The average Congolese has seen
his economic situation dete-
riorate steadily since independ-
ence.
OF the Congo's IA million
people, about 3l2 million males
were eligible for employment.
About a million of these were
dependent for employment on
the orderly economy run by the
Belgians. Now half of these
are out of work and prices are
steadily rising.
Economic experts, who use
Leopoldville as the index city
say prices paid by the average
Congolese for essential COM
moditieS have risen two-thirdS
since December 1861.
Evasion of export controls
costs the Congo substantial
revenue. One example is the
trade in industrial diamonds
They are Smuggled out almost
daily despite efforts to prevent
lit.
Disorder Supplants Stability
The big province of Kasai
which once was the breadbas-
ket of the Congo, supplying
most of its rice and maize, is
a victim of disorder and eco
nomic chaos.
The coffee plantations
which were hit badly in the
price drop of the 1855, are
largely out of operation. Lack
Evening star., 1963-01-14

of transport for this and other
crops has brought about a sit
uation with grave economic
implications.
On the other hand, palm oil,
the biggest Congo export COM
modify, has not suffered and
economists think 1862 may
turn out to be a record year.
There is no actual starvation
in the Congo, but the standard
of living has dropped markedly.
The Congolese themselves have
tried to offset the economic
slump, and in Leopoldville, for
example. tiny farms have
sprung up on the outskirts
where men till the soil to live.
COngOlese Army a Threat
Some non-Congo officials
see an even greater danger,
however, in the strong in
flationary trend. This is posed
by the Congolese army, which
is almost certain to chafe at
continuing loss in purchasing
of the franc.
The Congo Army today is
paid about AZ times what it
| received in pre-independence
days. Payment is made in
cash and in commodities, such
as kerosene and piece goods.
If there is steady deteriora-
ton in the purchasing power
of Congo currency, there is
fear that the Army might once
again take its payment prob
lens in its own hands. One
American official recalls well
when, in 1860, Congolese Army
units simply took over a bank
at gunpoint to collect their pay.
Katanga has become the key
word here because, with this
problem disposed Of. United
Nations civilian forces could
concentrate freely on the vital
task of getting the Congo
economy on its feet.
The United Nations spent
$40 million a month on its
military operation in the Con-
60 in 1862, and 81 million a
month on its civilian establish
ment. With the Katanga
Isecessionist problem settled
it is conceivable that some OF
the military funds could be
channeled to other uses.
Evening star., 1963-01-14

MY THO, Wet Nam, Jan. IA
CAP). The government hurled
1000 troops yesterday into a
fresh effort to clean up a
strong Communist pocket 40
miles southwest of Saigon. A
sharp fight erupted near here
and IA Communists and 10 gov
ernment soldiers were report
ed killed.
Government forces also suf-
fered 26 wounded as they ran
into fierce automatic fire from
strongly entrenched positions.
The number of enemy wounded
was unknown. Surviving guer-
rillas apparently escaped into
the woods.
Evening star., 1963-01-14
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

One thing about JFKs state-of-the- Union message:
Democratic speechwrers have to around for
enough problems to pad out the text.
Right wingers hold two-day conference in Washington
They don't dare stay around the New Frontier any longer
somebody might sneak in and give them Government
subsidy.
Psychiatrs The fellow who keeps track of social
insecurity number.
The temperature drops Is below in Las Vegas They're
OVERRIDING this business of a cold deck.
Trouble with the Republican Party, it
to get equal time in this population explosion.
Evening star., 1963-01-14
Conquest of Kotongo
Is No Cure for Conqo
BY RICHARD X. O'MALLEY
Associated Press staff Writer

LEOPOLDVHLE The Congo Jan. 14-The Congo is an
ang African giant of its footing and beet by political
and economic problems big itself
Solution of these problems to lie in future so
distant to be dsheartening and depressing to the
To snlva
Evening star., 1963-01-14

Mr.. o'MoIIey, the APPS bureau chief
in Poris, was sent to the Congo
with instructions 10 make O broad
seole assessment Of the situation
in thot oiIine AFrieon country.
Evening star., 1963-01-14

The past year was Perpetuals greatest E. re-
fecting historic high peaks in all departments.
Since 1881 Perpetual has enjoyed steady and
consistent growth =. nurtured by conservative
managementpolicies. implementedb dbyproven
experience. Perpetual is Washington's favorite
savings institution, of that there can be no
doubt. WHAT BETTER PLACE FOR YOUR
SAVINGS ACCOUNT?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
Douglas Shuns
SupersOnic Bid
By CHARLES YARBROUGH
Star Staff Writer

The Government has lost one
of its best candidates to spear
head development of a COM
mercial supersonic transport.
Douglas Aircraft has an
nounced it will not compete for
the prime contract to build a
faSter-than- sound airliner, but
is willing to cooperate to the
fullest in a Sub-contractor role.
AS a major airframe manu-
facturer, Douglas was among
the top candidates on the Fed
eral Aviation Agency'S list as
prime contractors.
The company decided to con-
centrate its resources In the
commercial aircraft field on
the DC-8 and DC-9 programs.
Donald w. Douglas, jr., ex-
pressed his company'S whole
hearted agreement" with the
United States decision to pro-
coed Immediately with develop
ment of the SST. He said,
further, that I'VE stand ready,
willing and able to contribute
all we can to the program on
a subcontract basis"
He emphasized the role of
the DC-9, undertaken without
Government assistance, in
meeting the challenge from
abroad to Americas supremacy
in the air transport field.
1--WE think it worth noting
that the potential effect of the
IDC-9 on the Nations balance
of payments is comparable to
that of the SST," said Mr..
! Douglas.
Therefore, the DC-9's ulti-
mate success will benefit not
only our company but the ma
tional interest as we'll"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
CHICAGO
LIVESTOCK

CHICAGO, Sept. 10 ,(AP) ;-(UsDA)
butchers opened steady to strong,
25 higher; shippers took SO per cent
Of the supply; mostly l-2 20O-@3O ID
butchers l6.35-lB.5O; a stable num-
Der at 1850 and 80 head at 1915;
mixed Ia lgO-25O lbs l6.O0-l6 so;
late l6.00-l625. 24O-27O lbs 1885,
1915: 10000 lbs l5.75-l6.00: mixed
] 3 2S0-350 ID sowS 14.5O-l5.25;
350-5OO lbs 1425-l4.75; 4OO-450 lbs
l3.75-l4@5; 2-3 45O-5O0 lbs 1895
1875; 500-600 lbs l2.75-l3.50.
Cattle 1900; calves none; trading
on slaughter steers and heifers active,
steady: cows and bulls steady; couple
loads prime l 1881, 342 ID slaughter
steers $500; part load high choice
and prime l.0S3 lbs $500; several
loads high choice and mixed high
choice and prime l,l00-1,360 lbs
24.50-24.75; choice aOO-l ESQ lbs
"a .0O-2475; load 10Y lbs. PASS few
load choice l,275-l ,325 lbs. 24OO-
with h an end Of prime i 1I,46S.1,4$55 is
23.75 few standard and low good
202O-22 25; load high choice and
prime LOO ID heifers 2425; other
choice SO0-l $50 lbs 23.O0-23.75;
good % 00-22 30 load mixed good
and choice 3275 utility and COM
mercial cows l450-l6.25; Gamers
and cutters 12.O0-l4.5O: utility and
commercial bulls lS.00-20.00.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
Market Pulls
To Plus Side
In Afternoon

NEW YORK (AP). The
stock market pulled itself into
plus territory early this after
noon in moderately active trad
ing.
Motors spanked a slight ad-
vance from early irregularity
and were followed by steels
and rails.
The advance was regarded as
a technical recovery following
two sessions Of sharp decline
after the list posted a record
high last week.
Gains of key stocks went
from fractions to about a point,
but there were plenty of losers
throughout the list.
The business news back
ground remained fairly en-
couraging. The Commerce De-
partment said manufacturers
expect their sales to grow for
the rest Of this year, although
at a slower pace. President
Kennedy'S tax-cut bill was ex-
pected by Wall Streeters to
take another step toward
adoption by Congress.
Trading, though at a fairly
brisk pace, was Stacker than in
recent sessions.
Prices moved irregularly
higher on the American Stock
Exchange in moderately active
trading.
Corporate and United States
Government bonds showed little
change. Trading was light.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
THE EVENING STAR
$4,000 Depositors
Paid OFF by FDIC

CHICAGO (AP).-The Fed
eral Deposit Insurance Corp
has settled claims of a large
number of more than $4,000
depoSitorS in the Chatham
Bank of Chicago, closed by
State authorities August %.
The bank on Chicago'S
South Side was turned over
to the FDIC for liquidation
after its new owners reported
they could not stop an out
flow of deposits.
Total insured deposits APP
proXimate $l4.5 million. Funds
exceeding the insurance limi-
tation of $4,000 on each ac-
count total about 81 million.
FDIC agents will remain at
the bank for l8 months to as
sure that all claims are settled,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
CHICAGO GRAIN

CHICAGO. Sept. 10 IAP).-The
grain futures market became strong
today with numerous contracts sub
stantially higher on the Board OF
Rye posted gains running to almost
three cents a buShel, soybeenS nearly
two cents and wheat and corn about
a cent. Oats moved up small frac-
tons.
Brokers ascribed the support for
rye to broad gains at Winnipeg. But
the strength in soybeanS was a sur
prise to many spectators who had
expected a good deal of liquida ton in
advance of the Governments monthly
crop report after the close of trading
They. said the demand appeared to be
mainly short covering.
Exporters contributed to the strength
in both wheat and corn.
At noon. wheat was 14-l "a cents a
bushel higher, September S5i2; corn
p lower to ] cent higher, September
l.24; oats h-as higher. September
1874 ea5nt cents; rye %-2aS higher sep
higher. September 255h.
Cash Grain
No wheat or soybean sales. Corn
No. yellow 1904 No. & yellow
asa: sample grade yellow 1854
Oats No. heavy white 70la; No. 9
extra heavy white 6a'4. Soybean oil
Sn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

Sales figures are unofficial.
Unless Otherwise noted, rates Of divi.
bends In the foregoing table are annual
disbursements based on the last quarterly
or semi-annual declaration. Special or
extra dividends or payments not desg.
mated as regular are Identified In the
following foOtnOtes.
a-Also extra or extras. b-Annual rate
plus stock dividend. Calculating dly.
dend. d-Declared or paid In 1853 plus
stock dividend. e-Paid last year. f-Pay-
able In stock during 1858, estimated cash
value on ex-dividend or redistribution
date. g-Declared or paid so far this
year. h-Declared or paid after stock
dividend or split up. k-DeclaTed or paid
this year, an accumulative issue with
dividends In arrears. p-Paid this year,
dividend omitted, deferred or no action
taken at last dividend meeting. r-De.
Clared or paid in 1862 plus stock dlvi
dend Paid In stock during 1862.
estimated cash value, on ex-dividend or
ex distribution date.
Z-Salcs In full.
cid Called. x-Ex dividend. y-Ex DiW.
dend and sales In full. KIDS % Elk distribu.
ton, MEX rights. XIV - Without war.
rants, WV With warrants. wd - When dis
tributed. M-When issued. nd Next day
delivery
Win bankruptcy or Tecelvership or
being reOrganiled under the Bankruptcy
Act, OF securities assumed by such com.
panies In Foreign issue subject 10 pro.
posed Interest equalization tax.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

COTTON
By the Associated Press

NEW YORK (AP).-Cotton futures
we're slightly higher late today. Buy
ing was credited mainly to commits
sion houses which met scattered IL
quldation.
Increasing attention focused on
Washington where there were reports
that the higher Government cotton
crop forecast on Monday has intensi-
islation. The cotton crop report on
Monday was up $4,000 bales from
the Governments month ago figure
and pointed to a further build-up in
Government surplus holdings There
are bills pending in Congress to lower
the price of cotton 10 domestic textile
mills SO that they compete more eff
fectively with synthetic fabrics and
cheaper priced cotton textile imports.
Late afternoon prices were to 80
cents a bale higher than the previous
close. october 1884. December 1895
and March 3340.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
All Greek to a Druggist!

That's what 70% of the prescriptions being filed today
would have looked like just FIVE years ago
That's right Thanks to research by individual CON-
panies the drug industry is turning out bewidering
parade of products and chances that ZOE of to-
days ethical drugs will be obsolete in another FIVE years.
Does that mean you should own stocks in the drug
industry?
Maybe yes-maybe no.
The important thing that business changes-fast And
any investor should do all that he to keep pace with
those changes-ty to make that his stocks provide
all the income, stability, or growth he's looking for.
How?
One of the best ways to find out how your portfolio is
really performing is to submit it to the Merrill Lynch
Portfolio Review section
Facts and figures on almost any company you can name
current market conditions and your detectives will all
play an integral part in analysis of your holdings
We may make suggestions if needed but any decisions
will be up to YOU
Just write listing your stocks, the price you paid for
them, the length of time you've held them, and your
obectives-and well put our know-how to work.
Free of charge, of course.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
District Drug to Pay

Directors of District Whole
sale Drug Corp. have declared
its seventh quarterly consecu-
tive dividend of 6 cents per
share on Glass A common stock,
President David l. Estrin re-
ported. The dividend will be
paid october l to stockholders
of record September 20.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

Quotations for 1OO-share lots.
" For 25-share lots Others Josh
lots. Ex-dividend. Plus extra or
extras.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

Win bankruptcy or receiyership or
being rcorganiled under The Bankruptcy
Act, or securities assumed by such com.
panes. ri Elk interest. It Certificates.
II Stamped. T. Dealt In flat. MAtured
bonds, negOtiabilty impaired by maturity
nd Next day delivery. XIV o. Ex warrants.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
METALS

NEW YORK (APj.-spot nonferrous
metal prices today: Copper 81 cents a
cents q pound, New York. Zinc l9H
cents a pound, East st. Louis. Tin
ID a pound, New York. Foreign silver
1.293 per troy ounce, New York.
Pittsburyn scrap steel No. ! heavy
$500.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
ODD-LOT TRADING

NEW YORK (AP).-The New York
Stock Exchange reported today these
odd lot transactions by principal deal
ers for September Q: Purchases OF 377,-
COS shares; sales Of 4S1,0ll shares in
Guiding 5.O77 shares sold short.