davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Meony's Views

The cry "of too little, too late"
was sounded even louder by
George Meany, president of the
AFL-CIO.
Warning of a new recession
and citing the rising rate of un-
employment-it is now up to 81
per cent Of the labor force Mr..
Meany called for a prompt $40
billion in reductions. starting
with cuts in the lowest brackets.
Nothing less will have an ade-
quate impact upon a $500 billion
economy" he told the House Ways
and Means Committee on
Wednesday. "A small cut will Just
not do the job. 1t will add to the
Federal deficit without stimulat-
ing the economy"
The Committee on Economic
Development, a private research
group financed by business, also
joined the supporters Of faster
and deeper reductions. 1t called
for an immediate So billion tax
cut and another Of IS billion next
year. tied to a stable spending
level by the Federal Government.
The National Association Of
Manufacturers called for even
greater tax cuts. 1t told Congress
Evening star., 1963-03-17

chief and Defense Secretary re-
tired last fall, and many others
have since been quietly shown the
door.
Menon supporters have harped
on Russia's desire for a neutral
India and its ability to restrain
Chinese pugnacity. Since China
has flatly accused Mr.. Khrushchev
of being wrong on the border dis
pute with India and he has
pledged to help any Communist
country. specifically China, II
attacked" hopes that Peking viii
heed Moscow's counsel are grow
ing very thin here.
Indians know they will have to
depend on the West. What has,
in fact, been done?
The West, since the first fran
tic appeals were made to it by
India last October, has been faced
with measuring how much assist
ance is required to enable India
to cope with a renewed attack.
This could be anything along the
whole spectrum of Communist
warfare, from another limited
border incursion to a full-scale
war involving bombardment Of
midas cities and strategic
targets.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
The Econony:
Issue Clarified

President Kennedy spoke out
twice last week for his tax-cut
program. as a spur TO the econ
Omy and a cure for the un-'
employment problem.
"And we are not asking for an
unprecedented tax cut, but for a
program which will add only
$2,7 billion to the next budget
deficit"
This statement by President
Kennedy, made in a speech to the
Advertising Council last Wednes-
day, is. in a way, at the core of a
growing debate concerning the
Nations economy. The more spe-
cific question, which is being
Evening star., 1963-03-17

In policy. The recent coups d'etat
In Syria and Iraq have brought to
power military officers who feel
that Arab states should be closely
aligned, but without losing ma
tional identities.
The discussions In Cairo have
been held under the initiative Of
the Iraqi and the Syrians. Presi-
dent Nasser of the UAR was quite
reluctant TO rush into any sort OF
agreement. realizing that failure
this time could set back Arab
unity for years.
II Is still vague what type OF
union will come out OF the con-
ference. Presumably the Iraqi and
Syrians are striving for some sort
OF union that will retain national
sovereignty for them but which
will lead 10 economic and military
cooperation. Since Egypt's popu-
lation Of % million is more than
double Syria and Iraq's together.
Mr.. Nasser probably is seeking
some sort OF union based on pro-
portional representation.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Virtue

To me 1t sometimes seems that
our moralists would do well to
cease their upbraidings and ap-
ply themselves to the interesting
problem-"How is goodness to be
made the object of passionate de-
sire. as attractive as fame, sue
cess, or even adventure2" If they
could excite in men an enthusiasm
or virtue. as the poets, mu-
sicians and artists excite in them
enthusiasm for beauty, and the
men Of science for truth; If they
could devise a morality that has
power to charm, they would win
all hearts. ITO be virtuous, said
Aristotle, sis TO take pleasure in
noble actions. w. Macneile
Dixon in The Human Situation.
Evening star., 1963-03-17

Continued From Page C-1
to fire is a keen one that goes
TO the heart OF the matter.
II control remains in American
hands, many people may feel the
whole idea Of a NATO force is
Just a masquerade TO fulfill ma
tional prides, but without real
meaning. This reluctance TO be
under American sway led Gen.
era. de Gaulle TO strike out on
his own for a strictly French ma
tional nuclear force.
It is known that the Germans
feel they, too, should have more
Of a say In nuclear matters. The
idea OF the multi-lateral force
was designed TO give Europeans
more OF a voice without neces-
sarily spreading ownership OF nu-
clear weapons further around the
world.
Yet, the more control the Euro
peans are given over nuclear
weapons. the more President Ken
nedy faces opposition from con-
Evening star., 1963-03-17
The Foreign Scene

Arab unity the leaders Of Syria.
Iraq and Egypt have in mind.
Every Arab leader must be for
Arab unity. but when 1t comes TO
creating an effective union, the
leaders in the past have disagreed
over the particulars.
There is no doubt that the ro-
mantle vision Of a powerful Arab
nation, spreading as far west as
Algeria, has great appeal to all
classes Of Arab society. 1t COM
bines the drives Of Islam with the
modern appeal Of socialism. Any
such unity, however, must take
into account the realities of Iraqi,
syrian and Egyptian ma
tionalisms.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
On Monpower

The President pumped hard for
his tax proposal. which calls for
$l0.3 billion in cuts over a three
year period, In his first annual
manpower report to Congress on
Monday as well as In the speech
to the Advertising Council.
Meanwhile. however. Democrats
and Republicans on the Senate
House Economic Committee urged
bigger tax cuts for 1864.
= The Democrats. in their portion
Of the Joint Committee report,
put their argument this way:
THE largest doses (of tax cuts)
should be given when the patient
is the sickest - not when he is
almost we'll"
They urged reductions Of $6 bill
lion for calendar 1868.
The Republicans took a DIFF
ferent approach. They urged re-
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Tx Row

The Tx dispute came at a
time when Senator Case, Republ-
can of New Jersey, is proposing
new legislation which would re-
quire that the public be informed
fully of all negotiations of de-
fense and space contracts in or
der to insure that no partisan
political considerations are in
volved.
He also would appoint a watch
dog committee, composed Of House
and Senators and Representatives,
to review these contracts. The
chairman would be a Republican
during a Democratic administra-
ton and vice versa.
The Senator has been disturbed
over the 1860 and 1862 political
campaigns. during which several
candidates (including John F.
Kennedy suggested that the elec-
ton of certain individuals would
mean more defense contracts in
the particular SJaJeS.
There was more controversy
last week involving Secretary Nc
Namara.
On Tuesday, In remarks on the
House floor. Representative
Arends Of Illinois, the minority
whip and ranking G.. o. p. men,
Der of the Armed Services Com
mittee. attacked the secretary for
his "dictation TO the military ="
He said: "'I-got-all-the-a ANSWERS
Mcnamara is no military strate-
gist."
Mr.. Mcnamara chose not TO
ignore the remarks. But. in effect,
taking on the House as well as
the Senate, he snapped:
II don't think 1t is right when
we have a man (Mr. Arends) to
support an irresponsible action
(by the House Armed Services
Committee) in adding 81 billion
TO the budget that is not needed
and then criticize the responsible
official who took out the billion"
Evening star., 1963-03-17
The Combat Training

Then at a month-long bivouac
comes combat training. field en-
cheering, first aid and route
marches. Since most are illiterate
villagers. up to go per cent must
also be taught to read and write.
All but a few are attested, pass
in parade before the regimental
commander and go to regular
army units as sepoys (privates).
All are seven-year volunteers,
who hope to become NCOs and
thus be eligible to stay in for Is
years more. Recruits make around
Sl3 month, send up to $40 home.
Physical training is more rugged
than in the United States Army;
in daily 40-minute periods re-
cruits climb 50-foot ropes, do
in-air flips over wooden horses,
circle high bars and Chamber
through rugged obstacle courses.
Western military observers find
Indian individual training at the
battalion and company level COM
pares favorably with United
States standards. But the Indian
Army has been beaten and badly:
more than 5000 Indian jawans
Evening star., 1963-03-17

ductions of between 81 billion and
So billion, about half to take eff
feet in the last half of this year
and the full amount in calendar
1854. The @. o. P. committee
members would, however, cut the
Presidents proposed 1888 billion
budget to sos billion. an action
Mr.. Kennedy feels could produce
a recession.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
THE NATIONAL SCENE.

strike planes. with a speed of
1000 miles an hour, are not ex-
pected to become combat opera
tional. For the two extra planes,
the House authorized an expendi-
ture of 1884 million: for the ad-
ditional submarines. Sl34 million.
Mr.. Mcnamara, who started
out so swimmingly with Con-
gress. appears to have reached a
crossroad in his dealings with
the legislative branch. AS a rep
resentative of a Democratic ad-
ministration his relations are not
nearly as smooth as his predeces-
sor's, Thomas S. Gates. Repub-
lican, who also dealt with a
Democratic Congress.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Figures Are cOmpOred

For the first seven months OF
the 1868 fiscal year receipts were
$34 billion greater than for the
same months of the previous year,
but for the same seven months
budget expenditures were SAT BIZ
lion above last year. Thus the
deficit this year is $l.3 billion
greater than last, despite an i'm
provement Of $3.4 billion in budget
receipts.
Up TO this point Congress has
had no way OF knowing precisely
how receipts and expenditures in
the Treasury squared with the
budget figures. The Daily Treas
ury Statement offered rough clue
but only after involved and labor
ious analysis. Few members OF
the House or Senate could find
time in their crowded programs
TO make an accurate analysis Of
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Money Voted

The next day. the House, which
had voted TO extend the draft for
four more years, voted 374 10 80
TO authorize record Sl58 bill
lion for military procurement. In
cluded was money for two RS-70
bombers and two atomic attack
submarines which Mr.. Mcnamara
and the administration do not
want.
The RS-70 reconnaissance
Evening star., 1963-03-17
ny ROBERT CRITCHFIELD
Contributing Writer

NEW DELHI-Up the dirt Pun
jahl road, broiling under a fierce
March sun, came the Sikh train
Ing company, their jungle-green
turbans and black boards gray
with dust, 9-pound Lee Enfield
rifles slung over shoulders and
s5-p pound field packs strapped to
sweat-soaked backs.
It was the end Of a 35-mile
forced march. the toughest test
OF physical endurance near the
completion Of the Indian army's
2e-week basic infantry training
course. UNITED States basic:
eight weeks0 A few stragglers had
fallen out, overcome by the trop-
zeal heat. But most Of the young
recruits grittily marched into the
tent rows Of the field camp. The
exhausted but set young faces
portrayed more eloquently than
any parliamentary speech India's
determination not TO be licked
again.
said one l7-year-old, his fore
head beaded with perspiration as
he soon wolfed down giant help
ings Of cereal, vegetables. lentils,
curd raw onions and chapattis.
"Chin ko marengel" (We will beat
China.)
This scene, at the month-long
field bivouac that completes
training at the Sikh Regimental
Training Center near New Delhi,
is being repeated across India
this month. A nation is preparing
itself for what Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru predicted could
be a is to 80 year marathon
race" against q Communist China
pledged to armed conquest and
guerrilla warfare.
Evening star., 1963-03-17

asked more and more often, is
this:
Is the tax cut the President Is
seeking for fiscal 1864 large
enough to accomplish the job he
has assigned it?
Mr.. Kennedy has asserted that
his plan, whicn calls for a re-
duction Of about $3.l billion in
corporate and personal income
taxes for the year beginning next
July l, will help get the economy
moving again. by increasing con-
sumer purchasing power and
outlays for new plant and equip
ment. and reduce unemployment
at the same time.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Budget Thermometer
Charts Deficits
BY LAWRENCE SULLIVAN
Contributing Writer

Chairman Cannon of the House
Appropriations Committee last
week hoisted storm signals over
the $9S.8-billion Federal budget
for 1864. His keynote theme on
deficit spending is: stop, look,
and listen"
For the first time in history
Congress will be given once a
month. by Chairman Cannon, a
detailed statement showing how
current fiscal operations square
with the budget.
His first report presented on
March IL, In the Congressional
Record shows a deficit of $40, ,640,-
100000 for the first seven months
of the current fiscal year. This
compares to a total deficit Of
$8,8ll 900, 900 estimated for the
entire fiscal year 1868. In short.
the deficit for seven months al
ready exceeds by $l.8 billion the
estimated deficit for the entire
year.
Chairman Cannon received
unanimous consent TO have such
a statement presented once a
month, so that Congress may
know exactly where it stands in
relation to budget goals. His first
report covered all Treasury trans
actions through January 81, 1868.
Never since enactment Of the
Budget Law in 1921 has Congress
thus been currently informed on
total Treasury spending from
month to month. Quietly, and
without fanfare, Chairman Can
non has introduced an historic de-
velopment In Federal fiscal man.
agement. Congress, as custodian
OF the purse strings. now has
established q systematic monthly
audit of the cash drawer.
Evening star., 1963-03-17

on Thursday that the Nation needs
$40 billion in reductions. to be ac-
complished over a five-year period
and to be tailored to encourage
more investments to create new
jobs.
Still other observers were point
ing out that in view of an es-
timated increase in State and
local taxes and increased social
security levies-totaling at least
$4.5 billion for this year - the
Presidents $3.1 billion for fiscal
1864 can hardly provide the spur
to the economy he has. envisioned.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
The Defense Budget

Since India's budget was spent
almost entirely on economic de-
velopment, a meager defense al
lotment Of less than 50 billion
meant operating old-fashioned
equipment inherited from the
British. What new supplies that
did come we're a hodge-podge Of
contributions from the United
States, Russia, Britain, France
and West Germany. Maintenance
gradually became nightmare Of
unwieldiness with an acute prob
lem of stocking spare parts and
an awkward lack of standardiza-
ton.
A third major problem has been
expansion of the officer corps to
meet the army's rapid growth;
enlistment since last falls fight
ing still runs below requirements.
In 1947, when the subcontinent's
military forces were partitioned
between India and Pakistan,
India received is infantry regi-
ments, IL armored corps, 1875 ar
tillery regiments; Pakistan, about
half this amount. Today the
Evening star., 1963-03-17

gressional leaders who fear being
drawn into a war by nations with
itchy nuclear fingers.
The topic is sure TO provoke
intense discussion this week at
the regular meeting of the NATo
ministers.
Evening star., 1963-03-17

Continued From Page C-1
which may be taken up by the
Armed Services Committees, is:
In q program costing $65 billion
(1,700 Tx planes). is the saving
Of 81 billion worth the price Of
denying both the Air Force and
the Navy superior aircraft for the
accomplishment of their mis-
sions?
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Reaction Against cOrnOse

Indian nonviolence grew out
Of the reaction against perpetual
carnage; its greatest ruler,
Ashoka, was so appalled, by the
butchering and capture Of 250,000
men in the Battle of Kalinga he
abandoned war and tried to con-
vert his subcontinental empire TO
Buddhism.
Over the last century. the In
dian Army has fought excellently
in campaigns from Verdun to
Malaga. In World War II, 250,000
of India's IL million soldiers
served overseas, landing at Sa-
lerno to battle Nazi panzer gren-
adiers or fighting vital delaying
actions for the British in Burma
and Malaga against fanatic jap
anese.
Neutral Indian forces, accept
able to both cold war blocs, have
played a critical role in policing
U. N. policies In Korea, Egypt,
Wet Nam, Laos, Lebanon and the
Congo.
In the clash with Pakistan over
Kashmir in l947, Sandhurst-
trained generals on both sides
fought a year-long war on 10000
foot terrain. But India's later
police actions" against Muslin
Razakar terrorists in Hyderabad
or rebellious Naga tribesmen in
Eastern Assam we're minor cam
paigns and the "liberations" Of
Goa, and earlier, Junagadh, SIM
ply watkins.
Deployed In semioperational
tasks since independence and
hampered by a skinny defense
budget, the Indian Army has not
been free nor could afford the
large-scale maneuvers and tao
tical exercises its top officers need
to gain experience in battle con-
troll. staff procedure and
command.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Come From RuroI Stock

The basic training camps have
all the discipline and inspection
day gleam Of q Fort Leonard
Wood or Fort Dix. Here young
Indians, mostly recruited from
the hardy rural stock Of the
northern warrior races Jats,
Sikhs, Gurkhas, Dogras and
Garhwalis spend six months
learning to fight India's future
battles.
Rejecting, like India. q diffuse
spectrum of IA different Ian
guages. five religions and varied
meat-eating and vegetarian hab-
its, the army is compartment
allied under an inherited British
system. Each training company is
affiliated to an active battalion.
Recruits are enlisted, trained by
their own officers and sent to
their specified regiment.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Tough sikhs

\One crack regiment is India's
Sikhs, whose martial religion. a
synthesis of Islam and Hinduism,
believes in the oneness Of God
and equality of man." Tall and
barrel chested, Sikhs neither
shave nor cut their hair. tradi-
tionally carry small sword. Once
mostly warriors. India's 6 million
Sikhs today become truck drivers
and mechanics, carpenters or
hard-working cultivators, when
not in the army.
From am. reveille to taps at
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Arabs:
Union Now?

Officials from Iraq, Syria
and Egypt met in Cairo last
week 10 discuss plans for ere
ating some sort of Arab union.
In Damascus and Baghdad, Of
ficials have waited all week for
word from Cairo on the results
OF the crucial discussions on
Arab unity.
From these talks. the Arab
world will learn what sort Of
Evening star., 1963-03-17

additional spending In India on
the United States already ailing
balance Of International pay
ments. 'a
Immediate arms aid Of $50 mil
lion, matched by q like amount
from Britain, grew out Of the
Nassau talks. This aid, mostly in
small arms, has been flown into
India by 80 United States air
missions. Much has also been
airlifted to the Himalayan front
by Hercules C-l30s manned by
$50 United States airmen sta
toned in Delhi. The airlift may
soon be withdrawn: the United
States has indicated willingness
to supply equipment to open UP
for all-weather use the road con-
Meeting the Ladakh front with
supply centers In Kashmir.
While the notion of Western
planes flying overhead and sub
stantial garrisons in India Of
Western ground crews runs di-
rectly counter TO Mr.. Nehru's de-
terminedly cherished facade Of
non-alignment, he has indicated
his acceptance Of Western air
cover since India plainly lacks
the financial means to build up
its own independent intercepter
force. Washington has not yet
approved the scheme but is ex-
pected to within a few weeks.
A third technical mission, COM
posed Of civilian defense produc-
ton experts, found Indias
expanding arsenals better than
anticipated, repeatedly recon-
mended decentralized manage
ment was badly needed. 1t gave
no indication that massive United
States aid was required. While no
early decision is involved, 1t Is
expected India's Minister Of De-
fense and Economic Co-ordina-
ton T. T, Krishnamachari will
discuss how much help India viii
need from the West on his forth
coming visit to Washington.
New Delhi has differed most
sharply with the West In its ideas
for a massive buildup Of ground
forces.
Evening star., 1963-03-17

Treasury operations. Such Q
statement now will be supplied
once a month by Chairman
Cannon.
Although increasing deficits
usually are attributed 10 military
needs. Chairman Cannon's state
ment points out the on-defense
expenditures thus far In 1860 have
increased by $2.5 billion over the
previous year. But defense ex-l
penditures are up by only $2.2 bill
lion. In dollars, the non- defense
expenditures have increased far
more than the defense expendi-
lures.
II think it will be very helpful
II all members can have this
monthly statement showing the
actual cash flow Of receipts and
expenditures which they may
carefully compare with the guide
lines Of the earlier budget state
ments." Mr.. Cannon said.
Evening star., 1963-03-17
81 Precedent

The first attempt - the United
Arab Republicans a union VI
Egypt and Syria. but Syria broke
away In 1861 when the UAR be-
came two one-sidedly Egyptian
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Won't Big Army

Indian leaders. fearfully re-
garding Mao Tse-tung's claims
that 20 to 80 million Chinese are
battle-ready, would like to create
a comparatively huge land army.
Western experts argue in favor
of small, better equipped and
more efficient ground forces.
The big question still remains:
will the Chinese come back and
will the Indian army be ready for
them If they do2
Indications are that neither
Indian nor Western intelligence
can safely predict what the Chi
nese are up to.
But there is q fair assurance
that renewed attacks will not
mean renewed defeats. The troops
of the front-line units have now
had four months getting adjusted
to the high-altitudes, preparing
their positions with new Western
supplied equipment and are
fiercely determined to repulse any
new incursion by the Chinese.
Commented one key Western
military observer with confidence:
I'VE expect the equipment and
supplies got together will be in
the necessary places in the hands
OF troops in time for them to do
the job required"
Evening star., 1963-03-17
The Nossou Promise

A first consideration, presum-
ably discussed by President Ken
nedy and Prime Minister Mac
milan at Nassau, was the stag
gering cost of combining a mod
ernized army the size of India's
with a tactical air force in a
satisfactory system for defense of
the Himalayan borders. Equally
important was the burden Of
Americas already vast military
commitments plus the impact of
Evening star., 1963-03-17
Mcclellan Warning

Senator Mcclellan, Democrat of
Arkansas. chairman OF the Sem
ate Committee on Government
Operations, sounds a like warning.
I'VE are In a continuing process
Of being insidiously weakened by
a national tendency TO live beyond
our means. publicly and privately"
Senator Mcclellan said. "our
moral attitudes relax In the proc
ess, our spiritual power as n free
people is attenuated. In short,
we all tend TO lean back and take
II easy. "a. The inevitable ac-
counting viii make no distinction
between those who sounded the
warning and those who disregard
ed It,"