davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-05-22
Teachers Day

Back In 1884. all hearts
we're hoping that the world
could be put back into one
piece. The election had come
and gone. and President
Roosevelt, and his admins
trative officers were busily
doing all In their power TO
do II. This we all remember.
But not everyone remembers
that the first Sunday In
June. 1884 became Teachers
Day, which was inaugurated
by the Southeastern Univer-
sity as the day OF each year
that we remember our favor
ite teacher by writing a letter
Of appreciation for that
teachers past or present eff
forts TO help us help ourselves
have a better, more secure
world.
Teachers always did have,
and always will have, a COM
pelling opportunity for this
service. and this splendid
practice Of remembering our
teachers should be continued.
Our teachers need 10 feel
appreciated, the same as ey-
eryone else 49, and many n
teacher has been deeply
touched and greatly encour-
aged by such a letter.
Esther A. Critchfield.
President, Southeastern
University Law Club.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
An Excellent Credo for the Space Aoe

eve believe that the United States
should be first In space, Just as 1t is
first In most other things that matter
I'VE believe that the United States
can be first in space, II we persevere in
our present efforts.
"We believe that economic benefits
win flow to those who are among the
first to exploit this technology, and that
the endeavors to master 1t will provide
q stimulus TO national growth.
1--WE believe that there is not a status
quo for peoples Of the world-that they
grow or they shrink; and that the man
agement skills we acquire will enable the
United States TO undertake even more
challenging tasks In the future.
I'VE believe that there is new knowl-
edge to be gained In space and that
knowledge is power as never before In
the history Of man.
"We believe that this knowledge can
be used for good or III, and that only
United States pre-eminence can give
Evening star., 1963-05-22
WATCHING THE WORLD
Seeking New Strength for NATO
By CROSBY S. NOYE.
Foreign Correspondent Of The StOr

Two main pillars Of NATO's
original foundations were.
to put 1t bluntly, EuropeS
dependence on the United
States in the military and
economic fields. Today dem
onstrations are altogether
too convincing that this
period of dependence is COM
ing rapidly to an end.
In the military field, even
as Gen. de Gaulle admits,
there is still much to be done
before Europe can be really
independent of American
power. American policy, sup
ported by some of the smaller
European countries, has been
to forestall this day as long
as possible, first by dis
couraging creation Of ma
tional nuclear deterrents in
Europe and next by trying to
absorb national forces within
a larger NATO controlled
force.
The ottawa meeting prom
ises to provide a disappoint-
ing measure of success of
this policy.
Nuclear Picture Changed
Whatever construction may
be placed on it, there is no
denying that the Inter
allied" nuclear force that
will be set up is a far cry
from the 'multilateral"
brainchild the administra-
ton has been trying to sell
to the alliance. The essential
difference is that the ac-
cepted formula does nothing
to inhibit development of a
European nuclear deterrent
under European control.
Indeed, as some people see it,
the interallied force could be
a first step toward real col
laboration between Britain
and France in the nuclear
field.
1t is a standard platitude
that development of the At
lantic alliance depends on
Europe's achieving the status
of an equal partner with the
United States in all fields.
The problem at the moment
is that, so far as Europeans
are concerned, the United
States is not talking part
nership but dependence in
military matters. In the eco
nomic field, Europe is becom-
ing not a partner but a rival.
And in these circumstances
doubts about the life expect
ancy of the alliance are nat
ural enough.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
FutiIity in Birmingham

There is a temptation to say that
the suspension or expulsion Of 1,081
Negro students from Birmingham's pub
lie schools was an act Of stupidity. 1t
may be more accurate, however, to call
1t an exercise in futility.
These students were booted out of
school because they were arrested while
participating in the recent "demonStra-
tions" in Birmingham. 1t is no part Of
our purpose to condone or support the
strategy of importuning school children
to participate in street demonstrations.
In the first place, they should be in
school, Secondly, there is always the
danger that some child might be hurt
or killed-and in such event grave con-
sequences could be expected to follow.
Finally, the school authorities have
responsibility to enforce their rules and
maintain discipline.
1t seems to us, however, that in this
instance a little discretion would have
been the better part of valor. True
enough, the policy of the Birmingham
Board Of Education in the past has been
W ouoPCllu VI CAPC1 oOuOCllJO dl1CObCO
for any offense until proper hearings
can be held for such students" And
since the school term ends May 81 there
will not be time for trials or hearings.
These arrests, however, fall into
what might be considered a special cat
egory. They were not made for the IA
miliar offenSeS related to juvenile delin-
quency. Instead, they grew out of an
instinct, or an emotionaliSm, which will
not be easily curbed. If these students,
chanting "Freedom!" were willing to
swarm into the streets, knowing they
probably would be arrested and jailed,
is 1t reasonable to think that suspension
or expulsion from school will change
them in this respect? We doubt it very
much, and this is why we suggest that
the action of the school authorities is,
or will prove to be, an exercise in futility.
There was more wisdom land more
courage) in the reaction Of the Rev. DR..
Martin Luther King, jr. After much eff
fort, he and other Negroes had come to
a fragile biracial agreement with some
of the white leaders in Birmingham. At
best, this is a touch-and-go arrange
ment. Almost anything could upset it
especially such a thing as the crack
down on the Negro students.
After conferring with his colleagues,
however, DR.. King said the Negroes
would resist this in the courts, not in
the streets I'VE will not seek to correct
an dnwiSe act" he stated, "by moving
hastily into another unwiSe act"
Having in mind the explosive po-
tential in Birmingham, this was the
counsel Of wisdom. 1t was also a cou-
rageous thing to say, for DR.. Kings
leadership in his more-or-leSs peaceful
drive for modification of Birmingham's
discriminatory practices is being chal-
lenged by other Negroes who would not
hesitate to invoke violence in support
Of their objectives. And we do not think
1t makes sense to push DR.. King to more
extreme tactics, or to undermine him in
favor Of other Negroes who preach the
doctrine Of force, riots and racial hatred.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
Commends Hines

Congratulations are in or
der to all the news media for
the excellent coverage Of
MA-9; coverage which i'm
proves in depth and breadth
even in the face of a possible
waning of popular excite
ment. May I remark that
those of us who will always
want all of the facts will
want them very badly in
deed? Please don't Slacken!
Above all, I must commend
William Hines. His accurate
and readable expositions
would do credit to many pro-
fessional journals, and is
quite unheard of among
newspapers. Words fail me
in trying to compliment his
current "Thresher" series.
I have long since forsworn
the political and economic
views Of all reporting media
which have not yet learned
the difference between at
mospheric drag and gravity.
1t is good to still be able to
read The Star.
Marquis r. Seidel.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
D. c.: Remote Control

Our President has appoint
ed a new Engineer Commits
sioner for the District Of
Columbia. and I see he resides
in Virginia. Charles Horsky,
the presidential assistant for
District affairs, resides in
Maryland.
This is the only city in the
country where top men con-
trolling local government do
not reside in it. They not only
don't live in it, but in an
other State, and can't possi-
bly, give their allegiance to
this city.
It's time for the Nations
Capital to get some local al
legiance from presidential ap-
pointments, since we sure
aren't getting it from those
elected gentlemen from
throughout the country, who
are keeping this city down.
BerI Tupp.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
Slave to Your Corr

A Readers Digest article
by Phyllis Battelle states;
"The average man driving
home on an expressway or
thruway sustains greater
tension, heart strain, and
emotional shock than an
astronaut during the critical
periods of blastoff and re-
entry. Tests made in Cali
fornia, using an Air Force
measuring device, revealed
that a pulse rate Of 78 while
driving on city streets went
to lis in speedy traffic lanes
and Jumped wildly every
time the brakes were applied.
BY contrast, Scott Carpen-
ter's heart rate in orbit never
got above "a, hit a high Of
So at blastoff, and 1O4 at re-
entry"
That's a pretty stiff price
that your automobile can
exact to demonstrate its
ownership Of you. OF course,
If you have a chauffeur to
drive you, the toll is consid-
erably lessened-for you, but
not for the chauffeur-and
you are only aggravated by
the slow pace, the many
stops and starts, and the
grinding squeal Of skidding
tires.
On the other hand, II you
truly own your own auto and
1t does not own you, you will
not allow 1t to exact such a
penalty for its use. During
peak traffic hours, you will
use public mass transit ia
cilities to transport you. And
if these facilities are not
available. you will demand
that they be made available.
That is, you will do this if
you are not a victim of
automobiles" a disease
characterized by inflamma-
tion and swelling of the
"auto-ego" to such an extent
that 1t transforms auto own
ers into individuals who are
owned by their own autos.
E. V. HaiIman.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
Obviously Upset

Senator Kuchel charges
many Americans are being
deceived and upset by right
wing extremists. We Ameri-
cans should be upset.
Take the disarmament talks
going on at present. Appar-
emily Senator Kuchel has not
read the Department Of State
Publication 7277; II he had
he would know that the
disarmament plan being dis
cuSsed In Geneva, II accepted
by the Russians, will turn
our military forces over TO
the United Nations.
The reason the Senator's
constituents are concerned
about this Is because they
probably know some very
pertinent facts about the
U. N. The propaganda mills
that spoon-feed the Ameri-
can people are not telling us
that the U. N. was planned
by the Communists as re-
vealed by Earl Browder in
his book Victory and After"
published in 1912. From the
very beginning the Russians
have had predominant power
with three votes to our one.
AS they have taken over other
countries their voting bloc
has increased. With their
veto power and voting bloc,
plus control OF the Military
Staff Committee Of the u. N.
(through the Office OF Sec
retary Of Political and Secu-
rity Council Affairs the
Communists have gained firm
control. Are we 10 turn our
military forces over 10 this
organization and expect 10
keep our freedom7
Look at Cuba. Many people
knew that Castro was a
Communist long before he
admitted II. These people
were labeled extremists. our
Government watched that
island become n Soviet arse
nal and now we are told that
II is a fact we must live With.
Vice President johnson even
tells US that Cuba is a Red
failure showcase" Senator
Kuchel, II this Is a Red fail
ure, please let us not have a
Red successl
Gertrude Pruitt
Evening star., 1963-05-22
1915: AN END AND A BE-
GINNINC Pu InInr, Eirhn,.

1915: AN END AND A BE-
GINNING. BY John Fisher.
Maps. illus. 295 PIP. (Har-
per & Row; $4950
There is something in the
style and manner of a
French beauty and of French
women in general, that does
not correspond with those
ideas that are naturally pro-
duced in contemplating the
charms Of our own country
women. They are lively, they
are easily approached, and
without reserve; but they
want that softness, and that
native modesty' which every
Englishman feels he has left
behind in the British fair"
The quotation is from one
w. D. Fellowes who visited
Paris in July 1915" 1t is
taken from "1815: An End
and a Beginning" by John
Fisher, a diplomatic corre-
spondent for the Thomson
newspapers.
Mr.. Fishers book is ac-
companied by the usual
trumpets and drums. Mr..
Fisher himself either has
faith in their tune or is a
believer in the Crucial year"
or watershed" view of his
tory. ". We can see," he
writes, that 1915 marked un-
mistakably the beginnings of
the decline Of France from
her position as a first-rank
power as a result, not so
much of the French Revolu-
ton. as Of the tremendous
losses suffered during Ma
poleon's search for glory,
which had finally disrupted
the security Of the Holy Ro-
man Empire. Instead, n ew
powers came TO the fore
Prussia in the Old World,
America in the New. And so,
to emphasize this, I've de-
scribed this vintage year as
an end and a beginning"
CONSIDERING THAT
none of these events can be
assigned exclusively TO 1915,
the point Of view is some
what curious. The fact is
that theory aside. 1915 was
a sensational year. America
won the Battle OF New Or
leans. Napoleon returned
from exile 10 lead France TO
Waterloo, and-though few
Of us are aware OF it-a way
was found over the Great
Divide Range from New
South Wales into the interior
of Australia.
More: The Congress OF
Vienna continued It's de-
liberations and the Holy
Alliance was formed; Lord
Byron was married and
Stephen Decatur won a
startling victory over North
African pirates.
These and other events.
not any we'll worked out his
torical theory, are the frame
OF Mr.. Fishers book. It's in
terest lies partly In the
amount OF detail with which
these are described, but more
in the wealth Of social his
tory and the extensive quo
tation OF letters, diaries,
newspapers and similar
sources.
What did they eat In Eng
land In the second decade Of
the 10Th century, II seems
that food habits were
undergoing a radical change,
Christmas pudding had be-
come a sweet and no longer
contained cold meat; cheese
and beer, which had ap-
Evening star., 1963-05-22
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied by self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
For the Byrds

In one OF his sarcastic,
popping-off moods, former
President Harry s. Truman,
referring TO Senator Harry F.
Byrd Of Virginia. said that
there were too many Byrds
IN Congress. We now have
two. a Robert c. Byrd Of
West Virginia In addition TO
Harry Byrd.
Oh. that we had more
men like those two great
statesmen and fewer or no
Kennedys or relatives In the
Government 10 lead the
country, out OF these dark,
gloomy days OF constant
racial conflict Nish Showers
Evening star., 1963-05-22
Pupil Teacher Rotio


some questionable statements
In defense of the Montgomery
County School Board.
He says "the ratio Of stu
dent to teacher is not a con-
trollingly significant factor.
What counts is whether or
not teaching is accomp-
lished. and whether or not
the students are stimulated
and learning" My own
school, Bethesda Chevy
Chase High School, as a result
of the coming change in our
insignificant" student
teacher ratio, will have an
approximate enrolment of
2,200 next year. Because of
the school boards failure to
hire 200 new teachers
(teachers, by the way, who
are needed to retain the sta
tus quo In our school sys-
TEN only. nine teachers will
be shifted from B-CC to
other schools. These nine
teachers would have classes
Of 80 students each period,
on the average. This means
that next year 270 students,
or about IL per cent Of the
total enrolment will be
dumped on the remaining
staff. How can this increased
load possibly help our teach
ers to perform their Jobs?
How can this enhance the
quality Of education In our
school?
At present B-CC is employ
ing a form Of tracking in
which students of comparable
ability are placed In classes
together. 1t has been posi-
BILE to group exceptional stu
dents In advanced classes
that can stimulate their in
terest much more than
could classes containing a
representative slice OF the
school population. Likewise.
students of average or below
average ability are given the
opportunity to develop their
skills at a slower rate. With
the teacher shift that will
take place next year, this
tracking program will be up
set, the number of advanced
classes will be cut, and
teachers will be faced again
with the problem OF present.
ing their material In such a
way that the slowest per-
son In the class will not be
left behind and the fastest
held back. Everyone will suf-
fer, and the teaching ac-
complished" will diminish.
As Mr.. Love himself admits,
"a school system which
fails TO provide a solid
foundation In English,
mathematics, history and
science is a poor school sys-
tenn OF low quality" When
In the future Mr.. Love finds
this foundation crumbling In
tgomery County's
schools, perhaps he will then
know why. Mark ChOdoff.
Evening star., 1963-05-22

PARIS
Every alliance that has
existed in history has reach
ed q point where national
or regional interests became
more important than the
common interest. When this
point was reached the alli-
ance disappeared.
NATO hopefully is an ex-
ception. Because again, hope
fully, NATO is something
more than an alliance in the
classic sense of the word. 1t
has become for a succession
Of Western statesmen almost
a religion-the semi-annual
meetings a little like going to
church on Christmas and
Easter. For many other peo-
pie it represents an estab-
lished order of priorities and
loyalties within the Western
world.
AS a symbol the Importance
Of NATO is greater than its
political and military signifi-
canoe. Americans see in it
contrast between what they
were and what they have
become: An end to years
of isolation and q measure
of what American influence
and participation is trying to
accomplish in the world.
Europeans see this and some
thing more: the possibility
that Europe may still play
a significant role in world
affairs.
Thus, at certain seasons
professions Of faith in NATO
take on an almost ritualistic
tone. All right thinking
Western statesmen join with
Secretary of State Rusk in
seeking a New and stronger
meaning Of the alliance"
Even President de Gaulle of
France, who is not normally
over-effusive in his devotion
to Atlantic solidarity, recog-
nizes in the alliance "the
only guarantee for peace for
free people,"
Seek New Foundations
And yet, as the ministers
gather at Ottawa for their
spring devotions, it is clear
enough that the reality which
underlies the symbolism is
going through a period of
radical and painful change.
The foundations on which
NATO was built IA years ago
have all but disappeared.
And the effort to find new
and stronger underpinnings
have not as yet met with
much success.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
A BOOK FOR TODAY
A Notable Year in World History
By DONALD MINTZ

peared on the 18th century
breakfast tables, were grad
ually giving way to porridge,
fish, bacon and eggs, toast
and marmalade. Luncheon,
on the other hand, had
scarcely begun to exist and
consisted Of something quite
light taken at midday
biscuit perhaps and a glass
of wine. and dinner, eaten
in the late afternoon, cor
responded to what We should
all high tea" Mr. Fisher,
by the way, is English0
THERE is A GOOD deal
of this sort of thing. We
are offered a fascinating
portrait of Napoleon in his
first few months at st.
Helena drawn largely from
the diaries of the then IA
year-old Betsy Balcomb who
played Blind Mans Buff with
the Emperor and wrote that
Il never met anyone who
bore childish liberties so we'll
as Napoleon"
After Byron's strange we'd
ding" his best man, John
c. Hobhouse wrote in his
diary: II felt as if I had
buried a friend"
A man named Matthew
Gregory Lewis visited his
plantation in Jamaica. The
word "slave" made him feel
quite Inundated" Yet he
noted that the condition of
the slaves was much more
comfortable than that of the
labourers of Great Britain"
But a boatman told him
that blacks must not be
treated now, maSsa, as they
used to be; they can think.
and hear, and see. as we'll
as white people; blacks are
wiser, massa. than they were,
and will soon be still wiser"
Most - perhaps all - Of
these details come from
secondary sources well known
to professional historians.
But We are not historians,
and IBIS" has the flavor
as well as the facts Of the
year 1t seeks to recreate.
Evening star., 1963-05-22
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. How long is the Amazon
River, and how far upstream
can II be navigated2 P.V.
A. The Amazon River is 81
900 miles long. 1t is naviga-
bic for ocean steamers as far
as Iquitos. 1900 miles from
the sea, and navigable 486
miles further for vessels
drawing IA feet OF water.
The Amazon's volume OF
water is the largest In the
world and is so great that
the rivers flow can be seen
200 miles out In the ocean.
The main stream OF the
Amazon rises IN the Peruvian
Andes.
@. Why is a certain house
plant called the piggy-back
plant2 LIN.
A. The piggy-back plant
(Tolmiea menziesiD is so call
ed because In reproducing.
small leaflets sprout at the
tips OF the leaf stalks. thus
riding piggyback" on the
mother plant. The plant has
attractive heart shaped
leaves and greenish flowers.
other popular names are
pickaback plant or Mother
of-Thousands. the botanical
name is IN honor Of Dr. w.
+ Tolmie, a surgeon OF the
Hudson's Bay Company.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-20
3-Pc. ItuIiun
Provincial
BEDROOM
$685.

Reg. 1895
Double Dresser and
Mirror, a Drawer
Chest, Double Size
Ponel Bed In lmperiol
Cherry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-20
3 DAYS oNLY-TODAY, FRIDAY & SATURDAY

PJ
Rockville We added $4,000
selections q limited
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-20
CASUAL FURNITURE

Fcks Reed Rotton Soto 1890 $500
Fcks Reed 6-Pece Rotton Group 3-piece
tiono, corner table, lounge chair and cocktail
table 49, ... 1900 5000
Tubular Steel Chairs with Plastic cord scots
and backs in assorted colors 2295 1000
Rotton Plastic Top 3ox3ox72 Dining or Cord
lode --------.-". loS.oO WV
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-20
CARPETS

Many odd size runners g rugs from 500 up
27"x54" discontinued samples 2.88
The Nome nugget., 1963-04-05
Friday. April 5. 1863
Gen. LeMay Says US. Could Build Anti-SateIlite

WASHINGTON R-Gen. Curtis LeMay believes the United States could build an anti-satellite right now that could be sent up into space to bring down a hostile, weapon carrying satellite.
 But the Air Force Chief of Staff says the idea for this defensive system is only in the study stage, that "it is not a full-fledged pro- gram"
 LeMay's views of space war were given last month to the Sen ate Armed Services Committee. A censored version of the testimony was released Thursday.
 Sen. Strom Turmond, D-S.C0, asked LeMay whether the Soviet Union had demonstrated ca pability for satellite interception and if so what were the military implications.
 The air chief replied by recall ing the simultaneous flight of two Soviet astronauts last year. The re- ported proximity of their satel- lites indicates a technical capa- bility for rendezvous, LeMay said. He added that ''his capability could be used in number of ways," but at this point portions of his an- sWer were deleted by censors.