davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-17
CALM. PIT NOT CONVINCED
Birmingham Works Hard on Problems
By RELMAN MORN
Associated Press staff Writer

A1eoGtascu Ffe38 sian Writer
BIRMINGHAM. Ala. Nov.
l6.-Considering all that Birm-
mgham has been through IN
the last six months, its situa-
ton today seems little short Of
miraculous.
Nobody can say with certain
ty what tomorrow may bring.
But for the moment ct least.
the city Is quiet. Men express
cautious optimism about the
outlook for continued peace be-
tween the races. More integra-
ton has taken place than Is
generally realized. Figures indi-
cate that the economic picture
Is Frightening.
Most important, whites and
Negroes. sitting together In
council rooms, are trying to
find solutions for the disagree
ments that have made the
ma me Birmingham" another
synonym for racial strife In the
United States.
Didn' Seem Probable
Only . short time ago none
Of this seemed probable. /
Just six months ago hun
dreds Of Negroes were demon
strating in the streets. More
than 2,400 were jailed, so many
that temporary detention houses
had to be found. National
and even international atten-
ton focused on Birmingham.
A truce ended the demon
STATIONS. =
But the agreement was hard
ly formed before q Negro motel
was bombed. Other bombings
followed on Dynamite HILL" q
Negro residential district.
There was shooting and brick
throwing. In September, white
extremists FLASHED with police
when two high schools and an
elementary sc hool were inte-
grated. Finally. on Sunday,
September Is. tragedy struck
even harder-four Negro girls
died In the bombing Of q
church.
The thunderous events Of
these six months will not soon
be forgotten by either Negroes
or whites.
So what Is the outlook now
for peace2
II would say it's very good"
said Mayor Albert Boutwell,.
IT think we're really under
way now" says his executive
assistant. Bill Hamilton.
Another Viewpoint
But a prominent Negro, DR..
Lucius Pitts, president Of Miles
College, was less sanguine.
IT feel 1ffy' about the situa-
tion," he said. "If the mayor
and city council can find Q po-
litical hole, we may get some
where. But they are afraid Of
groups Of vocal extremists"
When asked to assess the
temper of the Negro commu-
nifty Of Birmingham, DR.. Pitts
said:
Sick, frightened, angry dis
appointed disillusioned. They
don't want to resume the dem
onstrations, but I don't think
they win wait much longer"
A prominent Negro attorney,
Arthur Shores, said: II am
hopeful that things win get
better. But If nothing is done,
t he demonstrations probably
will start again"
Negroes in Birmingham, gen.
orally, say they believe the
deaths Of the four little girls in
the church bombing shocked
the whites into q realization
that something must be done
and SOON"
AS for the attitude in the
white community. you get the
view that There probably is i
Navajo times., 1963-06-06
Bradley Elected President
Tuba City Area Committee

for selecting subagency officers.
None exists. Since the council
delegates and chapter officers have
a budget and are in better posi-
tion to serve as officers of the
subagency organization.
According to P aul Begay, the
fencing of the grazing districts
is creating problems and should
be brought TO the attention of the
council and our newly elected Of
ficere are aware Of this. There
we're ov er 100 people present
according TO Wilson Grey.
On the voting for President,
Frank Bradley got S8 votes, Frank
Luther AZ, Clark Hadley 7, Keith
Smith a and frankie Howard 3.
For Weep re sident, Frank
Luther got 81, Pete Regis 81,
Clark Hadley 81 and Earl Johnson
1.
For Secretary, Wilson Grey
received 90 votes, Bert Kelly SIS
and Tellman Hadley II.
Navajo times., 1963-06-06

Wilson Grey, Secretary of the
Committee to represent the people
in the Tuba City Subagency reports
to the Navajo Times the election
officers. Grey also said that this
committee has repreSenta alton for
districts /, 2, 3, S and 8. Frank
Bradley was elected president of
the mmittee, Frank Luther
elected vice-president and Wilson
Grey Secretary.
During the meeting F. W. Brad
ley outlined the purpose of the
subagency unit which we're better
communications between COM
munities and better understanding
of common problems and discus
sion of these problems.
Various members we're of the
opini on that the officers on the
Subagency level should be repre-
sentative of the common people
not only the chapter officers and
delegates. Que stions were posed
relative to an election procedure
Navajo times., 1963-06-06
Zuni Graduates

Commencement Program was
held on Wedne sday night, May 29.
at the Zuni High School Audit torium
honoring the Zuni High School
Class of 1868.
The following seniors received
their high school diplomas:
Chester Allapowa, Geraldine Judy
B obelu, William Link B ruton,
E vangeline R nth Dishta, Mary
Irene Doolittle, L ance D ouglas
Eagleman, Elkus Casper, Milford
Enote, Calvin Eustace, Lincoln
Harker, Dewey Hooee, Delphine
f1ootie, David Kaskalla, Norma
Jean Kaskalla. Johnson Lahi, Nick
Leekela, Angus Mahooty, Vance
E eugene N Natachu, Fritz Nj ack
Owaleon, Martin Terry Panteah,
A lvin Paquin, Luther P aywa.
Patterson Peynetsa, Alvina Guam,
Vidal Quetawki. Elvira Jean
Romancito. Winston Tekala, Jennie
Tsikewa, Edison Vicenti, Evans
Waatsa, Judith Weahkee, willard
Weebothee, Maude Yatsattie and
Victoria Joanna Young.
The Valedictory from this
graduating class is William Link
Bruton and the Salutatory is Mary
Irene Doolittle. The Commence
menr Address was given by Albert
yI~abeck, Attorney -at-Law, Gallup,
N. Nj.
Presentation of Diplomas we're
by DR.. Harold L. Milan.
Expansion
Continued from Page II
vation and in nearby towns where
practicable.
"With the departmentalizing of
the Navajo Times, which is desir-
able because of anticipated future
growth, we can expand our news
coverage for more thorough re-
porting at the grass roots level
and at the same time increase
advertising and circulationt to make
ohis a very profitable operation
for the Navajo Tribe" Allen said.
Navajo times., 1963-06-06
(Continued from Page l

(Continued from Page y
many blessings; our God who must
cha Stise us from time TO time;
and the God before whom we, at
the end, must stand. Today'S new
nuclear power may be a grim
reminder of death but the power
of God assures us all of eternal
and everlasting life. Therefore,
today aSre remarka Bile achieve
ments follow closely one another,
we must think in terms of eternal
and everla sting life. not in terms
of death. as our hearts and minds
90 with those who have fought
the good fight and those who have
given their lives that we, who
remain, might live as free men
in a free world.
1t is for us to dedicate our
selves to the great task remaining
before US; that we rightly resolve
that these dead shall not have died
in vain: that this nation and all
nations under God, shall have a
new birth of freedom and none
shall perish from this earth
Over the e heroes graves,
whether they be on some quiet
Pacific atoll, in some green field
of Europe or in some quiet burial
plot such as ours, let it be written
and said, 81 am the Resurrection
and the Soul, there is no death
only life everlasting"
No man can ever rise above that
at which he aims. A.A. HODGE
The world is waiting pay your
price if you can but deliver what it
needs. ANGELO IA III
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
tCONTINuEDl
DUPONT EAST
1545 18th ST. NV.
| Bedrm.. S159.50

DE LUKE, ELEVATOR, AIR coNp,
Available now. including all util-
titles. Res. Manager, NO. 7-4660.
H. G. Smithy Co., ST. $4,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
FAIRFAX
VILLAGE
APARTMENTS
DENIM AWE @ n

- 49, hCsA@e
Top OF the hill. at Maryland line,
overlooking the Capitol, 10 min
utes BY bus. Garden apis. in
paTk-like setting. Call Lu. 2-S2S5;
Office 2001 3Sth st. Sc. OPEN
MONTH";. 0 am. to 3 pm; Sat.
3 am. TO 4 Pm. sun. / pm. to
4 pm. Also furnished apartments.
GARDEN-TYPE APT. HOMES
from the Capitol, overlooking
Suitland pkwy., Oxon Run Park
picnic grounds and new golf
course open TO public. and
bedroom apts., from SIS. De-
tached small buildings, homeliks
atmosphere, beautifully land
scaped, quiet friendly nelghbor-
hood in suburban setting. Three
exposures in every apt, large
rooms. ample closets, porch cow.
for dining, sleeping and living.
Rear stairs to spacious fenced in
lawns fol. safe play, plumbing in
kitchen for washing machines,
outside drying. individual storage
lockers, building wired for air
conditioners. Short walk TO two l.
school and theater, Off-street
parking. Good Hope Hills is west
OF Naylor I'd. in vicinity OF both
st.. sc. Rental office open daily
between 10 Am. and $3.50 pm.
1900 Both st. Sc. LU. 1880.
WAVERI,Y TAYLOR. INC
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
ROOMS FURNISHED-N.W.

ADJ. STATE DEPT.-TV in room.
refer grill, foam matt, pvt, entr,
SLASH. 2l35 F NV. 33S-6274.
ARFA nTiP0NT CIRCLE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04

AEC-IBM AREA-Rental with Oh
ton to buy. 4 bedrms,. 2 baths.
freshly decorated. Sl75 mo, e40-
0900. BEM1S BRAID a. LANGDON.
ALEX. = 2-bedrm. semidet., Wv.
carpet rec. rm.' $40 mo. IL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
MISCELLANEOUS FOR RENT
MISCELLANEOUS WANTED

CHAIN SAWS, pumps, generators,
sod cutters; rollers etc, RENTAL \
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
5NeSS-sio4

Wilma, VA. II bedrooms, 2M
BATH nh,,, on On, q -aer. wooded si.s.
ssls NAY "a, 1868 for . years.
Mrs VIM II I.aitnhlir,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
HOUSES FURN. TO RENT
HOUSES UNFURN. TO RENT

AEC-IBM AREA-Rental with on
ton to buy. Z bedrms.. 2 baths.
freshly decorated. Sl75 mo, 949-
09OO. BEMIS BRAID a. LANGDON.
ALEX. - 2-bedrm. semidet., Wv,
CARPET rec. rm., $40 mo. IL.
6-s43s.
ALEX. AREA-Brookland estates =
3-bedrm. brick ramb. on q acre.
Garage. Sl35 mo. XII. s-1566.
ANDREWS AREA, LINTON
5-nedrm. rambler, bsmt.. vacant,
sl20. OWNER. 297-b96o after 9.
ANDREWS AREA bedrms., tri-
plex, bsmt., fenced I'd. parking,
Sl36 including utils. 772-7O4a'
ARL., s.-2-bedrm. brick Colonial
Floored attic. Garage. Scr, porch.
Minis. from Pentagon. Ist-fare bus
zone. Sl26 mo. Call b27-0922.
ARLINGT0N-cLosE IN. Columbia
fike; 0n lge. lot $50 per mo.
ARL.-2-bedrm., rec. rm., semidet.,
Sl25. CROWELL MANAGEMENT
Co. Arl. office. IA. $500.
ARL.. s.-2-bedrm, semidet. Ca
rage. fenced yard. cow. location.
500 mo. OR. 1923 aft. 5.
-
CONGRESS HIS, : 2.bedrm, det.
home, full bsmt., Sos. JOHN L.
SHELTON. Realtor, 10. $4,000.
DOUGLAS ST. NE.
Oar. S125 month. La. 6-3209.
FRIENDSHIP HTS. = semidetaehed
brick home In immaculate cond.
LiV, rm. with firepl., din. rm..
modern kit, 3 bedrms. and bath,
encl. porches. full daylight bsmt.
Lear gar. oil heat, S17b mo.
80. MISUNDERSTANDING
1928 Wisconsin Ave. 362-5i64
MANAssAs-Nice Cape Cod. Vacant.
$500 mo. tRENTAL,-PURHcA
oPTIoN) UN. 4-45s1 or ~. g.
Mr.. 18th AND MASS. NW.-5-
s.S, s AND s ss1sD, hG a Several
SHERATON Park AREA, 2si4
9Th. STARS newly decorated
b.bedrm. town house. Liv.. rm,,
eln. rm. klt.,, garage and full
basement, small rear yard. 5000
PAUL HANNAH, ISIS i7th q. NV.
ehsNU-S-stoly pflcks
rental, tibO mo Jul $3.50. Az
PIN. 649s06e6.
vA.-BRK. RAMB, With wALK-oUT
B Bus and sehl. Nearby yD. SSa-ssis pug
vienna lem -, Va. -! -, ssdroonss .sI
Family room: Gear garage. Avail
Call III, e-bSe5.
Mrs. VIM. H. Laughlin
REALToR
SSSI ILL.,. Eir1 s,,1 ylrst-
w SsRiESl nSSeeSSSVIlSqEos siLyta
and bedrma. homes avail. some
Tor immediate occupancy, some
s WI opuG shtesS419 eS' MScssIDvrT
sisS w..tc: V wb:s.os. hI T3Isssi''
wooDLAwN-cape COD, bed
dryer and air eond. incl ONLY
PALMER PARK-Rambler. 3 bed
rms With stove, refgr. Avail. May
Your personal" Rental Ageney
PARAMOUNT SAILS IA. 2-is00
18th ST. NV. MAR s,-Attrae.
sSSSsssy. ~ olssRi.s,ien o1 Hb Sly
3Tif CALvERT ST. NV.
Liv. rm., din. rm., Kitchen, ? bed-
rms. bath. clubrm, and Law, real
fireplace. gas h..vh;, adults; sIsA
Co, 1873 1ath 81. NV, AID. $4,000,
1873 2 ST. N,w.--Restorsd 2-story
dwelling, rental 5000 mo, e.rooms
and bath OEORoE 1. BORoEn.
Inc, ma. s-0s0s.
1908 CONSTITUTION Avn. Nj
Newly decorated Z rms, 2 kits.
oas heat. siib per month, plus
utils. To see, call ST. 3-36bT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
DE LUXE

AIR cOND., l.2 BIZ, sep, Nv. din
4-6 persons Incl linen, kit ware.
y, G. center, excel trantp 3tui
10th tt. n.wn Apt 4. HU. 3.b54p.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-04
RICH TOPSOII
CATTLE AND LIVESTOCK

q THoRoUGHBRED HUNTERS.
Excsiisnt jumpers up TO CARRYING
GOOD weight. over 10 hands 10
and 70 yrs. old. For. tae only
10 GOOD home, JE. 2.2.j1, or
Dir. 2-2pbB, al night,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
By The AssocIsted Press

II you don't know your ABC's
about the GIMP. you can i'm
prove your economic 10 by
writing to the GPO.
Which is q way Of saying
that Secretary Of Commerce
Hodges has offered an eco
nomic primer to anybody who
sends 20 cents to the Govern
ment Printing Office.
II is a new 40-page booklet
titled do You Know Your Ec-
onomic ABC's2". II was pre-
pared by the Commerce De-
partment TO help the average
householder and housewife un-
derstand the facts Of the coun-
try's economic life.
Mr.. Hodges announced pub
lication Of the booklet at q
news conference yesterday and
said he hopes It will be the
first Of a series Of explanatory
pamphlets on matters related
to the Commerce Department
The booklet was born because
the plain-spoken Secretary. ir
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
D. c. WAS coNFUsIN
Our Hotel? Well, It's. Uh

nor his wife could remember
the name or the address Of the
lodgings. The situation was
not helped by the fact that Mr..
Sail is q native Of Yemen with
80 years In the United States
but has a language problem.
They went to the police and
told Detective Sergt. Gertrude
Goettel OF the special investi-
cations squad all they could
remember. The landlady had
a limp: the place was thanked
on two sides by parking lots
and a big sign next door said
1850"
The police OF four precincts
started looking for the place
on the strength of these meager
clues and the Sails went dis
consolately TO a downtown
hotel.
Today the search paid off.
Detectives Everett Cooper and
Silas Vaughn picked up the
couple and started checking
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
BOOST FOR 'BooBs
Economics of GNP
Get Unhodgespodged

a magazine article last year,
felt moved TO complain that
most Americans are economic
boobs." who don't know enough
economics to read, writer or
vote intelligcntly about taxes,
tariffs, initiation or trade.
"If ignorance paid dividends,
most Americans could make q
fortune out OF what they don't
know about economies" Mr.,
Hodges wrote.
Mr.. Hodges decided his de-
partment was q logical agency
TO do something about 1t. The
result is the slender orange-col-
ored booklet which discusses
the GNP-Gross National Prod
uct--in terms deemed under
standable by people who lack
even a high school background
In economics.
It defines GIMP as: e. The
total market value Of the out
put of final goods and services
for a single year. AS such II
serves as the country's annual
scoreboard, production-wise."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10

the Northeast section of town
because the Sails thought they
may have eaten Sunday in the
Florida avenue Hot Shoppe.
After two hours of driving
up one street and down an
other, Mr.. Sails located his
lodgings.
It turned out to be the Lee
Tourist Home at los d street
NE. The landlady was ont at
an auction but Mr.. Sail went
unerringly to his room.
Then, as the bemused
detectives watched. he and
Mrs. Sail had a spirited dis
cuSsion. Mr.. Sail had neglected
to request q key.
They returned to their hotel
room but expected to be re-
united with their luggage
before the day ended. II is pos
sible that Mr.. Sail is reflect
ing about how a son Of the
trackless desert can get so eff
fectively lost In the well-marked
streets Of the big city,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
66 by Thomson
Leeds British Golf

ST. ANNE'S England, July
10 (AP).-Peter Thomson Of
Australia, the only golfer in
modern times who has won the
British Open championship
three years in succession,
grabbed the lead today in the
first round Of the 1868 Open
with a sparkling round Of
29-37-66.
That score, 4 under par for
the 6.757-yard Royal Lytham
and st. Anne's course, put
Thomcon one stroke ahead Of
chubby Phil Rodgers Of La
Jolla, Calf, who had 1895
81.
Arnold Palmer, who started
as a heavy favorite in his bid
TO duplicate Thomson's feat
of winning three Opens in a
row, shot himself out Of 1t
with an unsteady rs.
Jack Nicklaus Of Columbus
Ohio, shot 32-39-71.
Earlier Story on Page Dill
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10

A comedy Of errors Just about
ruined the sightseeing trip to
Washington Of a Cleveland
couple but police today put a
happy ending to the story.
Ahmed Sail. about so, and
his wife, Rosita, were finally
reunited today with their room
In a tourist home and their
luggage after a three-and-a-
halliday search. Since all their
clothes except those they were
wearing are In the luggage, 1t
didn't happen a minute too
soon.
The bad luck Of the Sails
started Sunday morning when
they arrived here in their car
from Cleveland where Mr.. Sail
is a machinist for Republic
Steel Corp. He and his wife
checked In at a tourist home,
put their bags in their room
and went out to eat.
When II was time to return
TO their room, neither Mr.. Sail
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
Polish Air Moior
Flies z Children
And Wife to West

BERLIN, July 10 CAP).-A
Polish Air Force major
crammed his wife and two
children into a single-engine
fighter plane and flew them to
West Berlin today for political
asylum, United States officials
reported The plane landed at
West Berlin's Tempelhof Air
port.
The names Of the defectors
were not disclosed. The major
asked American officials for
asylum, a United States spokes-
man said.
The fighter landed at the
military side of Tempelhof,
which is In the heart of West
Berlin. The plane was quickly
wheeled into a hangar and its
occupants disappeared inside q
building.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
Typhoon Wendy
Nearing Guum

GUAM, July 10 tAP).-The
third typhoon in eight months
moved toward Guam last night
with winds of 100 knots at the
center.
The Guam Governors office
said Typhoon Wendy was ex-
pected to pass just north Of
the island.
Assistant Gov. Ed Engledow
said. IF the typhoon passes off
TO the north we viii get winds
of only 70 to 8 0knots. But If
1t veers south, we will get the
full blast of 100 knots"
Shelters were opened around
the 32-mile-long island and
many of the $1,000 residents
moved in.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
Drastic Effect
On Food Seen
InLong Strike
Roll Shutdown
Would CurtuiI
PerishubIe Stocks

A prolonged shutdown of the
Nations rail transportation
facilities could have a serious
even drastic = effect on the
Metropolitan Areas food sup
plies. "
An executive Of one food
chain active in the area put it
simply. A lengthy rail strike,
he said, would be disastrous,
not only for the balanced diet
needs Of Washington consum-
ers, but for the food produc-
|ers."
The strike threat has also
caused area truckers, airline
offices and bus companies to
make haSty inventories Of
standby equipment that could
be modified to carry passengers
and freight customarily accom-
modated on the railroads.
Southern Not Involved
OF the railroad carriers serv-
ing the Capital area, only the
Southern Railway System is not
involved in the current work
rules" dispute. The Southern, in
fact, is the only major railroad
in the Nation not embroiled in
the rike-threat talks.
Early this year, however. the
Southern's private dispute with
railroad firemen almost re-
suited in a strike call by the
Brotherhood of Locomotive
Firemen and Enginemen. An
open break was deferred when
a District Court judge granted
a union motion Cor a perma-
nent injunction against the
company's attrition policy.
The injunction proceeding
was taken on appeal by the
Southern to the United States
Court of Appeals here, where
it is now pending.
A Southern spokesman said
the company, which operates
on 300 miles of track in IA
states and the District. would
not be directly affected by the
possible Nationwide strike but
that the indirect effects of such
q strike on the systems opera
lions are unforeseeable.
A total OF 1890 persons in
all job classifications are en-
ployed by the Washington
Terminal Co. at Union Station
here. Terminal officials said
they are prepared to issue fur
Tough notices to some 1900 Of
these employes-those not af-
filiated with the five principal
unions in the dispute If there
Is a strike.
I'VE hope we don't have to
do that" M. H. Lingenfelter,
the station manager, said.
A Pennsylvania Railroad Of
fetal in Baltimore said there
are 400 employees in the COM
pany's. Chesapeake region ex-
tending from Brill, Pa. (near
Philadelphia, to Norfolk, Va.
See EFFECTS, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
ROADS CHARGE WASTE
Job Loss Is Rail Issue

A railroad spokesman said
arbitration is a reasonable way
to settle serious inequities,
especially those caused by ex-
ceSsive numbers of trainmen
and yard brakemen.
The commission urged that
the wage pattern be changed
to gear pay to combination
time-mileage standards.
160-miIe Day Asked
1t recommended abandon
ment of the 100-mile day, once
widely regarded as a fair days
work, as no longer realistic.
The commission proposed 160
miles instead.
Agreeing. the railroads say
a 100-mile trip often takes
only two or three hours but
the rules require that the
worker be paid for a full day.
Unions answered that the
commission position would
mean longer hours and less
pay. Engineers would take
pay cuts Of up to 80 per cent,
they said.
Under the topsy-turvy rail-
road pattern, the commission
found, some employees get a
days pay for only four hours
of work, others for as much
as is hours. It said the present
16-hour limit on a days work
should be reduced to IL.
The commission called for
unlimited right" for railroads
to introduce chronological
change, subject to projections
similar to those recommended
for displaced firemen.
j. E. Wolfe, chairman of
the National Railway Labor
Conference, called the en-
ploye protection and benefit
provisions very generous"
THE brotherhoods are not
against chronological change.
We just want protection for
our men," said a union spokes-
man.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-10
By the Associated Press

~ NAA1 aocOCAaNca NANco
"A Chicago Denver train,
taking 1914 hours to cover
1904 miles. changes engine
crews eight times en- route,
roughly every 100 miles.
Employees average two hours
in the cab, collect one and one
quarter days pay.
Railroads contend such use
of manpower and payroll
money is wasteful and have
vowed to change the work
rules that require it.
Unions representing the men
who would lose their jobs have
threatened a Nation wide
strike to protect them.
For the railroads, $500 mil
lion a year paid for what they
consider make-work jobs
"featherbed ding"-is at stake.
At issue for nearly 100000
firemen, engineers, switchmen,
conductors and brakemen are
the jobs Of up to $4,000 Of
them.
Firemen Biggest Rub
About 10000 of the jobs
that would be eliminated are
held by firemen. This is the
single biggest rub. although
there are scores and scores Of
others. all wrapped up in the
disputed work rules, In effect
management-union contracts.
Railroad executives say the
roles of firemen on freight
train diesel locomotives and IN
switchyard service are obsolete,
The need for firemen, they
argue, disappeared starting
about 20 years ago. That was
when automatically fueled die
sci engines began to replace
coal-burning locomotives.
Unions contend that although
his title is outmoded, the fire
man is important as a co-pilot
for the engineer.
1.-THE helper acts as a second
pair Of eyes, a lookout" a union