davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-04-22

Union. Of the Peoples Republic
of China and of all peoples who
are building a new life"
AGRICULTURE: Everything
in the Soviet Union is going
fine. But Mr.. Khrushchev ad-
mitted Soviet agriculture can
not yet but "in a short time
will be able to meet completely
the increased needs of expand
ing city populations"
THE PEACE APPEAL OF
POPE JOHN XIII: I'VE APP
plaud the position of Pope
John XIII in favor of peace. ."
Copyright, 1868, by the Associated Press
Evening star., 1963-04-22
HGHLIGHTS
Points Stressed
By Khrushchev

MILAN, Italy, April 20 (AP)
Here are highlights of the
interview between Soviet Pre-.
mier Nikita S. KhruShchev and
the director of the Milan news
paper II Giorno, Italo Pietra
CUBA: Certain American
circles are trying to test the
Soviet Unions determination
Such a policy cannot lead to
relaxation of tension or to
improvement in the interna-
tional situation. The unre-
strained campaign staged by
the angry men in the United
States and launched against
sovereign state, Cuba, and the
support offered by certain
American circles to maritime
robbery and to piracy in the
Caribbean Sea are in fact the
manifestations of this policy
DISARMAMENT: "As Soor
as we accepted the quota OF
two to three inspections a year
the United States again ad-
vanced the request that eight
to 10 inspections a year be
made although previously re-
sponsible representatives Of the
United States, in talks with
Soviet representatives, said ii
could accept two to four in
Spections q year."
PEACE: "The tension in the
center Of Europe cannot be
eliminated without the con-
clusion of a German peace
treaty and the normalization
on the basis Of this of the sit
uation in West Berlin.
And without tranquility in
Europe there will not be tran
guilty in the world. On the
contrary, the consolidation of
peace in Europe, including a
treaty Of nonaggression be-
Evening star., 1963-04-22
Body Recovered
From Potomac

Harbor police today recov-
cred a body from the Potomac
River believed to be that of
a Chantilly (Va.) man who
disappeared last week while
fishing.
The victim was identified
tentatively as Hobart II.
Evening star., 1963-04-22

Cuban crisis had not led to an
easing Of the cold war. He
blamed this on America.
I'm the United States" he
claimed. there are forces
which continue the old policy
Of from a position of strength!
Such a policy cannot lead to
relaxation of tension or to i'm
provement in the international
situation. The unrestrained
campaign staged by the angry
men in the United States and
launched against a sovereign
state, Cuba, and the support
offered by certain American
circles to maritime robbery and
to piracy in the Caribbean Sea
are in fact the manifestations
of this policy"
Internal Affair
Speaking Of his troubles with
Communist China, Mr.. Khru-
shchev said that the current
debate between Moscow and
Peking was completely an in
ternal affair and would only
lead to a strengthening of re-
lations.
He said that Western specu-
lation' about the depth and
seriousness of the split was
just wishful thinking.
For Communists" he said,
"the unity of the international
Communist and workers move
ment is above everything. Com
munists consider their duty to
reinforce this in the future Is
well.
IF the imperialists dare to
undermine the peace and Sc
curity of the socialist countries,
they will knock against the
unified power of the peoples of
the Soviet Union, of the Peo-
pies Republic of China and Of
all peoples who are building a
new life.
I'VE Communists do not back
out of examining our internal
affairs, and the result of such
examination has always been
and always will be the REIN
forcement of the unity of the
Evening star., 1963-04-22

Powers, %, who fell into the
water the night of April IA
while fishing just below Chain
Bridge. Mr.. Powers had a miss
ing right thumb as does the
recovered body, police said.
The body was pulled from
the water about noon today
a quarter of a mile upstream
from Three Sisters Isloud. 1t
was taken to t''a It
Morgue pending positive identi-
f.ea ion.
Evening star., 1963-04-22
Khrushchev Warns Berlin
Is Top-Priority Problem

Copyright. 1868. BY the Associated Press
MILAN, Italy, April % (AP)
Soviet Premier Khrushchev
warned today that settlement
Of the problem of divided
Germany, and especially Ber-
lin, must take precedence over
disarmament and other burn
ing world issues.
Only If this East-West ques-
ton is solved, he. told the
newspaper II Giorno, would
others fall into place.
Mr.. Khrushchev blamed the
United States for everything
going wrong, and especially the
deadlocked disarmament nego-
tiations.
If the United States would
Just accept the Soviets' word
without insisting on inspec-
tons, the premier said, an
agreement to end nuclear tests
could easily be negotiated.
He also repeated the Soviet
threat, made before at Geneva,
to withdraw its offer Of two
or three nuclear inspections a
year if the United States con-
tinued to insist on seven or
eight.
Sees Moral Duty
He himself. said Mr.. Khrush-
chev, did not believe in God,
but those who did-obviously
meaning President Kennedy
had the moral duty not to build
nuclear weapons.
The Soviet C chieftain de-
nounced the stationing of nu-
clear submarines to the Medi-
terranean, almost under the
walls Of the Vatican" despite
the peace pleas of Pope John
XIII.
He claimed the subs and the
United States insistence on
sending nuclear warheads to
Canada were intended to divert
any Soviet reprisals from the
United States to its allies.
Mr.. Khrushchev's giving an
interview to an Italian news
man was considered strategic
ally timed to affect the Italian
parliamentary elections next
Sunday. II Giorno is owned by
the State OIL Company and
supports Pietro Nenni's left
wing Socialists.
Nothing New Found
In Washington, United States
officials said they found moth
ing particularly new in Mr..
Khrushchev's statements. The
last foreign newsman to inter-
view him was Canadian pub
Usher Roy Thomson on Feb
ruary 9.
On what he considered the
key question Of world peace,
Mr.. Khrushchev said:
"The tension in the center Of
Europe can not be eliminated
without the conclusion of a
German peace treaty and the
generalization on this basis of
the situation in West Berlin.
And without tranquility in
Europe there will not be tran
guilty in the world. On the
contrary, the consolidation of
peace In Europe, including a
treaty Of nonaggression be-
tween the countries of NATO
and the Warsaw Pact, would
serve to achieve an under
standing on other essential /
problems on which general
peace depends, and above all
on the problem Of disarma-
ment.
The fact is that in our
epoch, during which such tre-
mendous means of war have
been created, there is no mid
die ground between war and
peace.
THE question arises: Either
a search for agreed solutions
and development OF interna-
tional relations towards an ef-
fective reinforcement of peace
or an ever increasing interna-
tional tension that could turn
into thermonuclear war"
, Mr.. Khrushchev said that
negotiations for such a solu-
ton must be based on q recog-
milton Of the strengths East
and West have developed.
He said the easing OF the
Evening star., 1963-04-22
LOST

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Evening star., 1963-04-22

Communist and workers inter-
national movement in the field
of socialism,
Evening star., 1963-05-08
OF SPIES AND STRATEGEMS
Hitler and MussoIini
Escaped OSS Plot

a papal bull or whatever is
appropriate, it might read
something like this:
my children, God in his
infinite wisdom has stricken
your leaders blind. His eighth
commandment is thou shalt
not kill. This blindness of
your leaders is a warning that
you should lay down your
arms and return to the ways
Of peace.'"
I turned to Gen. Donovan
and asked, General, this may
appear to be a suggestion of
hypocrisy that the Pope is
asked to practice, but a great
number Of the German and
Italian fighting forces are
Roman Catholics. They will
heed Plus XII. If he can use
his high office to stop killing,
isn't he advancing the cause
Of Christianity more than
any man on earth?"
"I'll see my friend about
that idea," he said, mention
ing the name Of a high
church official.
The Brenner Pass idea
flopped.
The German security serv-
Evening star., 1963-05-08
Toduy's HighIight
In History

On this day In l945, Presi-
dent Harry Truman an
nounced the unconditional
surrender Of Nazi Germany
TO the Allies In World War
II. Victory came II months
after the Allies, led by Gen.
Dwight Eisenhower. had
landed on the Normandy
beaches Of France.
On this day:
In 1929, Joan Of Arc lifted
the siege Of Orleans.
In 1888. the Dutch bought
Indian land 10 establish q
fort on the present site OF
Hartford, Conn.
In 1864. the Atlantic Gable
Company was organized.
In 1918. German troops
entered the Russian city of
Rostov during World War I.
In l946. Congress sent TO
the White House q bill au-
thorizing the return OF all
United States World War II
dead to this country for
burial.
Thought for today:
Give me the young man
who has brains enough TO
make a fool Of himself -
Robert Louis Stevenson.
Evening star., 1963-05-08

private railroad car with a
ring of SIS. troops thrown
tightly around it.
The nitrogen-mustard gas
was never crushed, and the
OSS had this time failed to
change the course Of history.
But we had tried. and that
thinking, by itself, was a new
way for America to wage a
war.
Evening star., 1963-05-08

Ice showed again that clever
thinking which saved the life
Of Der Fuhrer on several
occasions. With all prepara-
tions made for the conference
as and when publicized, the
two leaders, Hitler and Mus
solini, met elsewhere. At
the very last minute they
changed the date as we'll. I
was told they met in Hitler's
Evening star., 1963-05-08

I said, II suggest that he
bring a vase filled with cut
flowers in water, and that
he place it on the conference
table or nearby"
80 what?" Gen. Magruder
Of the OSS staff said. He was
a West Pointer and they
hadn't taught dirty tricks at
his trade school.
I'm this janitor's hand is
a capsule containing liquid
nitrogen-mustard gas. It's a
new mical derivative
which has no odor whatever,
is colorless and floats on
water. I have it available at
my laboratory.
"As our man places the
big bouquet on the confer
ence table, he crushes the
capsule and drops it in be-
tween the flowers. An in
visible, oily film spreads over
the water in the dish and
starts vaporizing. Our man is
safely out and ! think he
should disappear into Swift
zerland II possible"
Forget our agent" said
Gen. Magruder. what hap
pens to the men at the con-
ference?"
We'll. II they are in that
room for 20 minutes, the in
visible gas will have the
peculiar property of affecting
their bodies through the
naked eyeballs. Everyone in
that room will be permanently
blinded. The optic nerve will
be atrophied and never func-
ton again. A blind leader
can't continue the war-at
least I don't believe he can"
Three or four people started
talking at once. I said,
there's a big pay-off pos
sible. II 1t is done"
What's that. Professor?"
A Role for Pope
Let's be completely bold in
capitalizing on the event. II
the Pope in Rome would issue
Evening star., 1963-05-08

FetD insiders had better tn
sight into the innermoSt Sc
cretS OF United States intelh-
oence planning during World
War II than Stanley p. Lou
ell, tDho tDds director OF re-
search and planning for the
office OF Strategic Services.
The tolIotDing article tells OF
a daring but unsuccessful at
tempt to end the iDdr, con-
densed from Mr.. Louelrs re-
cent book, "Of Spies and
Strdtdoems".
Evening star., 1963-05-08
BY STANLEY p. LOWELL

oCIuCuy6WtS
BY STANLEY p. LOWELL
North American Newspaper Alliance
Some Of our OSS strata
gems in World War II, though
well thought out, were foiled
by the Nazi security service.
This is why Adolf Hitler
and Mussolini continued to
live to the bitter end Of the
war they had provoked. It
happened like this:
I had repeatedly pointed
out in OSS staff meetings
the often-forgotten fact that
the great advantage a de-
mocracy possessed over any
dictatorship was the govern
ment's relative invulnerabil-
ity, as opposed to the terrific
risks inherent in any one
man rule. I said, "Lop off the
head and the body falls"
With Hitler and Mussolini
dead it would be safe to pre-
dict chaos or, at the very
least. a murderous scramble
for their empty chairs. Dicta-
torship is an inverted pyra-
mid, teetering on its apex
and thus unstable, temporary
and vulnerable.
One day we learned from
agents that Hitler and Mus
solini were to have a war
conference at the Brenner
Pass. Here was a tremendous
exposure Of the vulnerable
apex. At an OSS meeting,
the Subversive Operations
group suggested, LET us
parachute a cadre Of our
toughest men into the area
and shoot them up. Sure,
it'll be a suicide operation,
but that's what we're organ
lied to carry out"
When 1t came my turn,
Gen. Donovan asked, How
would you capitalize on this
situation?" I said, II propose
an attack which they cannot
anticipate. They'll meet in
the conference room Of an
inn or a hotel. If we can have
one operator for five minutes
or less In that room, just be-
fore they gather there, that
is really all we need"
There were many murmurs
Of none too polite skepti-
cism, but Gen. Donovan said,
Gentlemen, hear Lowell out,
If you please. Now what do
you propose to have your one
man do in this conference
room?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-01
Inouye Finds
SenutOrsNot
'Stuffy'
BY ISABELLE SHELTON
star staff Writer

@s~e Ss@ee "Aat~A
Senators can get all the
Life Savers, tomato Juice and
chewing gum they want. just
by asking for it in the office
Of Secretary Of the Senate
FELTON, M, ("skeeter'D john
son.
They also can assert sena-
torial priority in the eleva-
tors. which have been known
to keep non-senatorial pas
sengers riding up and down
for 10 minutes while the
Senators called the tune.
To keep physically fit, Sem
ators have their personal
gym with four masseurs and
all sorts Of lamps" plus two
swimming pools, one kept at
80 degrees, the second at rs.
But despite all this lar
gesse, they really are splen-
did fellows, warm and friend
ly, and happy to give q lift
to q freshman colleague. Not
at all the "stuffy" types one
Is led to expect.
Thus did one newcomer TO
the upper Chamber, Senator
Daniel Inouye, report his
first senatorial impressions
yesterday to q luncheon at
the 'Woman's National DEM
ocratic Club.
When he was elected to
the Senate last November,
Senator Inouye confided, he
ordered q new suit and spec
flied he wanted it to include
a vest.
"In Hawaii you don't find
too many vests" he said.
But ! felt If / was going to
be a stuffy Senator I should
wear a vest-and with O
chain"
The "grand tour" Of the
Senate on which he and
other new Senators were
taken cemented his impress
sion that he had Joined q
tradition-ridden body which
paid great attention to the
rights Of senior members,
Senator Inouye continued.
1T was apparent our guide
was trying his very best to
impress us with the impor-
lance Of seniority" he said.
"In the Senate chamber he
pointed out that seats were
assigned on seniority and we
no doubt would be in the
back row. In the private Sen
ators' dining room he showed
us where Democrats sit, but
said a certain chair was re-
served for a particular senior
member"
But a very senior" Sena-
tor offered his own parking
space to the very junior Sem
ator from Hawaii his first
day in the Senate. And when
he took his "once q month
physical fitness trip" walk
ing from the Senate to his
old hapr1ts on the House side
Of the Capitol. three senior
Senator's stopped to offer him
a lift.
In sum. he found his col
leagues most cooperative
and helpful" in fact "em-
barrassingly kind" And he
now understands why they
call the Senate q great fra
ternity.." and why all SEN
ators want to be reelected"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-01
Glasses Set

A series Of classes for men
and women on the stock
market. and various types Of
investing. will open March IL
at the Alexandra Young
Women's Christian Associa-
ton. The firm Of Rouse.
Brewer. Becker and Bryant.
members of the New York
Stock Exchange, will conduct
the classes. 20 be held Tues
day evenings for'eight weeks.
Discussions win center
around a study Of the work.
.ings Of the stock market and
investments.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-23
Around the World

This American tragedy has its i'm
pact, obviously, far from our own Amer
lean shores. 1t is felt in all the capitals
of the world, on all the continents,
among the mighty and the meek.
Behind the Iron Curtain, not less
than on the free side, there is an ele-
ment of profound uncertainty, of anx-
ious questioning, as to what may happen
next. Our national power is so great,
our involvement in mankind'S affairs
is so deep, our influence on the course
of events everywhere is so immense
that the sudden death of an American
President constitutes kind of inter
national political earthquake.
Now that President Kennedy is
gone, what will be the nature of Amer
lean foreign policy under President
Johnson? Will it be softer or harder?
Or win it be just the same? Our friends
abroad, and also our actual and poten-
tial enemies, would very much like to
know. The issues and the stakes in
volved are enormous. Berlin, Wet Nam,
Laos, the Middle East, Africa, Cuba
these are typical of those areas of East
West conflict that could explode, or
escalate, into nuclear holocaust either
by mischance or miScalculation. That
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-23

is why Mr.. Kennedy, only few weeks
ago, Somberly warned that 1--WE still live
in the shadow of war;" and basic Amer
ican-Soviet differences will give rise
to further crises, large and small, in the
months and years ahead"
AS to all this, our American political
system, which is much misunderstood
abroad, and which often is battling
right here at home, has certain genius
or built-in stability. The genius, the
stability, has been summed up in what
has long since become cliche of sorts,
but is truth nonetheleSs: Our national
politicking, however bitter it may some
times be domeStically, stops at the
waters edge. We pull together, in short,
regardless of whether we are Democrats,
Republicans or whatnot, whenever we
face challenges from overseas. And this
is the basic point of our character as
a people, the basic hardness, that every
one abroad, particularly the Commu-
nistS, would be well advised to under
stand.
To put it in other words, the world
at large can be reasonably sure that the
United States has not changed in that
respect because of the tragedy that has
befallen 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-23
A Time of Dedication

reunion, time of general dedication,
when Americans Of all perSuaSionS draw
closer in. their mutual need.
During the first hours of outraged
reaction yesterday, voices were raised
against elements of the population pre-
Sumed to bear some special blame for
what had happened. On televiSion, men
in-the-Street we're encouraged to specu-
late about the responsibility of THE
Right Wing" and THE South" Texas
was convenient target for our frustra-
tions. And Dallas. All this was I'M
worthy of the occasion.
Its unworthineSS does not derive
from the fact that a Communist-type
rather than Fascist-type is now estab-
liShed in the role of suspected assassin
Such private, pSychotic guilt cannot be
extended to any group, no matter what
politics or sectional allegiances are con-
cerned.
Texans, whose Governor himself
lies gravely wounded, need no prompt
ing from the rest of us to recognize their
special involvement in this tragedy
Every element of our regret is magnified
in them.
No, the loss is shared by all, and it
must lead to sharing of the hard tasks
ahead. If the death of President Ken
nedy engenders bitterness among the
people he served, we shall betray
his sacrifice. If it brings new resolve
to meet the challenge together, John F.
Kennedy may rest content.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-23
Vice President Pattern

copied the nomination but
withdrew before the election.
Willard Fillmore. who sue
ceeded Zachary Taylor, was
defeated for nomination.
Andrew johnson, who sue
ceeded Abraham Lincoln, UNI
successfully sought the nomi-
nation.
Also Lost Nomination
Chester A. Arthur, who
succeeded James A. Garfield.
was likewise defeated in his
attempt to be nominated.
Theodore Roosevelt, who
succeeded william Mckinley.
was the first Vice President
to become President and later
to win the presidency in his
own right.
Calvin Coolidge, who sue
ceeded Warren Harding, also
won the next election and
subsequently refused another
term with his famous II do
not choose to run"
Harry S. Truman, who sue
ceeded Franklin D. Roosevelt,
confounded the pollsters by
winning an unexpected VIC
tory.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-23
President Johnson

While the full details of the tragedy
were still obscure yesterday, even before
the numbness began to wear off, the
mantle of national leadership passed
quietly to Lyndon Baines Johnson.
There could have been, at that moment,
no more lonely man on earth.
Such is the nature of the response
bility suddenly thrust upon him. AS he
sped back to Washington, Mr.. Johnson
may have recalled, as many others did,
a day in April, 1945, and the words of
another new President. when they told
me what had happened Harry
Truman said then, st felt like the moon,
the stars and all the planets had fallen
on me-"
But the parallel ends there. Mr..
Truman had been catapulted to the pres
idency almost from obScurity. President
Johnson is a man of enormous public
experience, of maturity and, we think,
of substance. In the national political
arena, he has the intuitive touch of a
master During his tenure as Senate
majority leader, he displayed capacity
for practical accomplishment whic h
perhaps has never been equalled in that
body.
The presidency, of course, is an
other sort of job. It is too soon now to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-23

He brought gaiety, glamor and
grace to the American political scene
in a measure never known before. That
lightSome tread, that debonair touch,
that shock of chestnut hair, that be-
quilting grin, that Shattering under
Statement-these are what we shall
remember.
He walked like prince and he
talked like a scholar His humor bright
ened the life of the Republic. While
striving for his great office, he had
often concealed his amusement at the
incongruities of life, lest he be thought
not only youthful but frivolous as well.
When finally elected, he saw no rea-
son to hide his wit. 1t glinted at every
press conference. 1t informed his pri-
vate utterance. Shown his latest nephew