davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
Abraham Lincoln and Civil Riqhts

forbid the two races living
together on terms Of social
and political equality. And
inasmuch as they cannot so
live, while they do remain to-
gether there must be the
position of superior and in
ferior, and I as much as any
other man am in favor of
having the superior position
assigned to the white race. :.
II will add to this that I
have never seen to my knowl-
edge a man, woman or child
who was in favor of produc-
ing a perfect equality, social
and political, between Ne
groes and white men"
The same year Lincoln
bitterly criticized the Su-
preme Court for its decision
in the bred Scott case up
holding slavery as a prop
erty right. He said of the
decision:
I'VE propose so resisting
1t as to have it reversed If
we can, and a new judicial
rule established upon this
subject"
Lincoln in another speech
quoted with approval a let
ter from Thomas jefferson,
written in 1920, which de-
clared that. If the judges Of
the Supreme Court are to
be considered as 1.-THE ulti-
mate arbiters Of all consti-
tutional questions" this
could be q very dangerous
doctrine indeed and one
which would place us under
the despotism Of an OIL
garchy."
So, irrespective Of the
homage being paid to Abra-
ham Lincoln this week for a
particular purpose, there are
plenty Of quotations which,
If uttered by anyone else to-
day, would cause many
whites and Negroes to de-
nounce such a spokesman as
a 'racist" or extremist"
Yet the fact is that many
people who want to see the
Negro given every opportu-
nifty to advance in the eco
nomic field and enjoy the
political privileges and bene-
fits Of life probably share
the historic views of Abra-
ham Lincoln.
@ 1868, New York Herald Tribune, Inc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
Some Of the Emonciputor's Views,
Expressed in Campaign, Are Quoted

am In favor of the race to
which I belong having the
superior position.
II have never said any
thing to the contrary, but I
hold that Notwithstanding all
this, there is no reason in the
world why the Negro is not
entitled to all the natural
rights enumerated in the De-
claration of independence,
the right to life, liberty and
the pursuit of happiness. I
hold that he is as much en-
titled to these as the white
man. I agree with Judge
Douglas, he is not my equal
in many respects-certainly
not In color, perhaps not in
moral or intellectual endow-
ment. But in the right to eat
the bread, without leave Of
anybody else, which his own
hand earns, he is my equal
and the equal Of Judge Doug
las, and the equal of every
living man.
What next? Free them and
make them politically and
socially our equals? My own
feelings will not admit of
this; and If mine would, we
will know that those of the
great mass of white people
will not. Whether this feel
ing accords with justice and
sound Judgment is not the
sole question, If, indeed it is
any part of it. A universal
feeling, whether well or ILL
founded, cannot be safely
disregarded. We cannot,
then, make them equals"
In another speech in 1858,
Lincoln said:
II will say then that I am
not, nor ever have been in
favor of bringing about in
any way the social and polit-
cal equality of the white and
black races-that I am not
nor ever have been in favor
of making voters or jurors Of
Negroes, nor Of qualifying
them to hold office, nor to
intermarry with white peo-
pie; and I will say in addi-
ton to this that there is a
physical difference between
the white and black races
which I believe will forever
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
RICHARD WILSON

President Kennedy has
supplied a misty, but I'M
doubtedly reliable. intimation
of the shape of the 1864
presidential campaign.
1t is not a pretty sight.
1t contains strong over
tones of McCarthyism in re-
verse. A Republican in 1864
may find himself automati-
cally categorical as a radical
rightist; or, if not that, then
unworthy Of respect because
he has not convincingly
separated himself from some
who support general Repub-
lican principles.
This was always the case
with McCarthyiSm. If any
one wished to so much as lis
ten to Senator Joseph r. Nc
earthly he was guilty Of ire
deemable sin. The Kennedy
family ought to know. 1t sup
ported Mccarthy.
President Kennedy told his
last news conference that he
did not know If Senator
Goldwater had been captured
by the radical right, or who
has captured who" This
could be best handled by Re-
publicans, he continued, and
when they had nominated a
candidate he, the President,
would discuss this problem
"in some detail"
No doubt he will. Column
mist Joseph Alsop, a personal
friend of the President, has
noted that the White House
advised Gov. Edmund G.
Brown Of California to pin
the John Birch label on
Richard M. Nixon, although
1t was well known, both in
the White House and in CAL
ifornia, that Nixon's princi-
pies bear no resemblance,
whatsoever, to the principles
Of the John Birch Society on
any issue that counts.
Polls in advance Of a re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28

the Belgians and the Ger
mans and the Italians and
the Canadians and the Aus
tr'alians and the Japanese do
more? They can all afford 1t.
The current distribution Of
the burden is unjust, unnec-
essary and unavoidable. Con-
gresS will not indorse it.
The tragedy of this whole
business is that on this basic
point President Kennedy
agrees completely with Con-
gress. There is less Of a
quarrel between them than
there is between both Of them
and Americas wealthy allies.
Instead of looking for trouble
with his critics in Congress,
the President can unite the
whole country behind him by
really talking with rough
plainness to our allies. And
he can point to what is hap
pening in Congress If the
allies still think the United
States should continue to
carry the giants burden of
foreign aid.
Q 1868
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
MAX FRIEDMAN
President and Congress Called Agreed
That Nations Should Help With Burden

There is no chance Of
saving the foreign aid pro-
gram. now so badly mauled
and mutilated by the House
Of Representatives, unless
the President and Congress
begin to discuss the same
issues. At present they are
talking at cross purposes.
What good will it do to
declare political war on the
Republican leaders in the
House? Many matters still
coming up for decision, in
Guiding the tax bill and the
civil rights proposals, depend
on Republican as. well as
Democratic votes.
We are still a long way
from next years election.
Mr.. Kennedy may have a
presidential issue in attack
ing the Republican record on
foreign aid. Even that is
doubtful, for the country is
hardly in love with this pro-
gram. What is beyond dis
pute, however, is that the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
DORIS FLEEsON

Gov. Rockefeller will learn
next week whether Republic
cans in the biggest upstate
New York county-Erie-will
be solidly for him at the
Republican national conven-
ton or Just might send an
anti-Rockefeller delegation
instead.
This test Of the Governors
prestige is important because
it comes at a time when pro-
Goldwater forces are energet-
ically trying to write him off
before he can get really well
started. Last year Gov.
Rockefeller failed to carry
Erie, which includes Buffalo
and stands well over the mil
lion mark in population.
His efforts to improve his
position are being carried out
under the banner of the State
Senate Majority Leader, Wal
ter j. Mahoney, against a
COP. faction headed by the
Mayor of Buffalo and the
Erie County chairman. The
struggle has more to do with
internal status than with
theology.
The Rockefeller Mahoney
alliance is. in fact, forced by
their respective positions at
Albany rather than by polit-
ical congeniality. Neither can
upset the other or dares to
try, but their private rela-
tionship is considerably less
than fraternal.
The Governor was not
made happier when The New
York Herald Tribune prom
inently included Mr.. Ma
honey in a series on the many
New York legislative leaders
OF both parties who were
strangely impervious to pos
sible conflicts OF interest in
their work at Albany. That
newspaper is not now the
Republican voice 1t once was,
but 1t is close enough to hurt
when 1t strikes at that party.
But Gov. Rockefeller must
depend upon the Legislature
TO make him look good dur
ing the crucial pre-conven-
ton period next year. In the
phrase immortalized by
President Eisenhower, he
needs Mr.. Mahoney.
In this test. Senator Jaw
It's. who did carry Erie last
year. is backing Mr.. Ma
honey. Senator Heating, who
is up for reelection next
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28

Scribed in detail by Arthur
Schlesinger, jr., in his recent
address in Austria to the In
ternational Seminar for Dip
lomats. He recalled tn a t
Roosevelt at this time was
at the very height Of his
power. He had just led the
Democrats to their victory in
the mid-term congressional
election of 1884. Yet RooSe-
welt could not persuade the
Senate to accept his recon-
mendation on the World
Court.
In one day 10000 kilograms
and letters descended on
Washington. The President
had to accept a humiliating
defeat. But Roosevelt was
around for a few years after
1885, and it is ridiculous to
talk of the defeat on foreign
aid as the beginning of the
end for President Kennedy.
The real truth Of the mat
ter is that the Presidents best
friends in Congress are fed
up with the present program.
This includes those who still
vote staunchly for the for
eign aid bill. There is no visi-
BILE enthusiasm for it. They
give their votes out of a
sense of nasty necessity, not
out of a sense of conviction.
Their fundamental COM
plant is that the United
States is carrying an unfair
share of the burden; has been
carrying it far too long;
and has been unable to pro-
duce enough results to justify
an indefinite continuation Of
this American role.
President Kennedy, Of
course, has told us in a men,
orable sentence that the cause
Of freedom should not be
fatigued. But is the cause for
freedom an American con-
Germ alone2 Why do not the
French and the British and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
Pinning Extremist Political Labels

any Senator who opposes the
test-ban treaty, becomes
automatically suspect as a
fellow traveller with the far
right. Unfortunately, this
same tendency applies to is
sues involving racial equality.
A member of Congress who,
like Justice Harlan Of the
Supreme Court, has consci-
entious doubts about laws
circumscribing the uses Of
private property must be pre-
pared for intimations that
he is a white supremacy
rightist.
In all this, many Republic
cans must feel as much re-
sentiment as was felt by
Democrats when Mr.. Nixon
and others in the Republican
Party mistakenly sought to
classify Democrats as soft on
communism.
The soft = on communism
issue sounded hollow when
used against political leaders
who were on the razor's edge
Of war with the Soviet Union.
And, so far as the Republic
can Party as a whole is con-
cerned, the far right issue u
phony. The far right posi-
lions do not reflect the atti-
tudes Of a political party
which nominated Wendell L.
Willkie, Thomas E. Dewey.
Dwight D. Eisenhower, and
Richard M. Nixon.
1t surely can be doubted
that the principles which
guided the nomination of
such men are going to be
changed to accommodate
either Senator Goldwater or
Gov. Rockefeller, or to shift
the Republican Party either
to the far right or the far
left.
The far right issue could
backfire on President Ken
nedy, if, indeed, he has any
idea of exploiting it on a
large scale. 1t just doesn't
ring true as far as the vast
majority Of the Republican
Party is concerned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28

Presidents general legisla-
tive program will be injured
If he blows up the impor-
lance Of this one vote and
makes it the occasion for q
sustained campaign against
the Republicans. The Presi-
dent cannot be very convinc-
ing if he sounds too partisan
in the very act Of condemn
ing the House Republican
leadership for preaching the
bipartisan tradition.
Besides, the President can
not allow himself to forget
that the final shape Of for
eign aid will depend in part
on what the Republicans in
the Senate are willing to do.
They are not going on any
rescue mission If the Presi-
dent is looking for a political
quarrel. 1t will be very sur
prising If the President, in
making his next moves to
save this program. fails to
show more prudence and less
anger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
COP. Action in Buffalo Area Is Called
Important to Governors PRESTIGE

year, is prudently staying
neutral.
AS usual, Democrats have
their troubles which the
same September 5 primary
will serve to advertise. Some
observers are even saying
that a long-range rivalry be-
tween New York City and
upstate Democrats is shap-
ing up. This is just another
blow to White House strate-
gists trying to pull together
the Kennedy johnson cam
paign in the State.
For the fact seems to be
that the great reform VIC
tory of Mayor Wagner in
1861 has paved the way to
another dead end. rather
than to any true unification
Of the party. The rout Of the
Morgenthau Donovan State
ticket last year reinforced
existing bitterness.
In the city. itself. the old
familiar face of Carmine De
Sapio, deposed in 1851 as New
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

The way this tesban treaty is going, the United States
Senate will have reservations than the American In
dams.
One thing about the big on Washington 1t proves
that ntegrated no-parking works fine
Pagoda raids in South Wet Nam blamed Mr. Nhu
OF the Nhu family From South Wet Nam these days the best
news would be Mus.
hot line between Washington and Moscow, to thwart
accidental installed at the Pentagon Only flaw
It's rumored the operator only speaks Chinese.
Teen-age glossary Icicle-A wnterzed drip.
Scientifically Washington is unusual city IT'S the only
place where sound travels faster than light.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-28
DORIS FLEEsON
An Upstate Test for Rockefeller

York County leader, has in
truded, Mr.. De Sapio. still
Democratic national commit
teeman. wants his county Job
back and is pleading for par
ty unity.
@ 1868
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-16
FIottops Made Good

The recent A. p. story sub
headed But McNamara's
Revelation OF Flights Raises
Issue a Carrier Vulnerable
ity." stirred hilarious old
memories in at least one for
mer naval person.
Wasn't 1t Maj. de Sever
sky who, early in World
War II, made dire predictions
that carriers were too vul-
nerable for any possible use
in the Pacific. where the Jap
anese had unsuitable air.
craft carriers" In the form
Of islands, II was, Of course.
not only Seversky.
Many Of US who we're with
"the fleet that came to stay"
off the Ryukyus, the Ishigaki
group, okinawa. and Japan.
as well as In the years pre-
ceding In all parts OF the
Pacific, will testify that the
carriers are indeed vulnera-
BILE. as what weapon or weap-
on system Is not2 But, when
the stakes were large, they
came TO stay. They lost q
few skirmishes, but they won
in the end, against the very
landbased assault Seversky
gloomily predicted would be
their death. James Dawson.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-16
Red Summit?

After their extraordinary exchange
Of insults and invective-an exchange
taking place over a period of many
'months-Moscow and Peking now have
agreed to meet in an effort to settle
their theological differences. 1t is not
clear, though, whether they have yet
decided on the kind of get-togsther that
ought to be held, or where and when.
According to some informed sources,
nothing will be accomplished unless
there is a summit conference between
Nik;ta Khrushchev and Mao Tze-tung.
Such conformation, If it takes
place, should be interesting. After hav-
ing heaped words of contempt and con-
tumely on each other, will these rival
Communist titans-when and If they
come face to face-offer apologies on a
reciprocal basis? Will they be able to
laugh off the fact that Mr.. X. has been
called mouse and a cowardly double
dealer by GeneralisSimo Macs minionS,
or that the GeneraliSsimo has been
similarly complimented by the Kremlins
propagandists?
Well, we shall have to wait and see.
Quite possibly, If summit session is
held, there will be Khrushchev-Mao
communique declaring that "sticks and
stones may break our bones, but names
will never hurt u.s." And maybe the
theological rift will be healed. At the
moment, however, the outlook for a
complete reconciliation seems dubious.
This is fact which the free world can
welcome.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-16
Southeast Hospital

One of the final bills introduced
in the Maryland Legislature before the
filing deadline this week was a simple
measure authorizing the Prince Georges
County Commissioners to contribute
$65O,0O0 toward the cost Of the South
east Community Hospital just across
the District line. It is no exaggeration
to say, however, that the fate of the
entire $8!7-million project, at least for
the immediate future, rests with this
legislation.
Fortunately the County Commits
sioners have expressed their desire to
make the contribution, subject only to
the removal Of legal doubts raised by
the fact that the hospital is located
outside the county. Their decision to
do so is Just, as far as the hospital is
concerned, and very good deal, as far
as the citizens Of the county are con-
cerned. The hospital sponsors estimate,
probably conservatively, that so per
cent Of the patients will come from
southern Prince Georges, which now
severely lacks hospital facilities. Prince
Georges could not hope to meet this
need as reasonably by building within
the county, largely because of the
favorable forms of Federal aid which
are available in the District. Moreover,
as compared with the relatively modest
county contribution, District taxpayers
over a period of years will contribute
more than 81 million toward the con-
struction cost.
The current dilemma is that large
amount of the Federal assistance, as
well as conventional mortgage, de-
pend upon the availability of the cash
being sought from Prince Georges. We
hope for the sake of the project that
a simple act of the Legislature will
suffice to clear away the doubts, and
that it will be passed quickly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-16
off the Track Again

Railroad management and labor are
keeping their record clear and consistent
In demonstrating complete inability to
agree on ways and means of junking a
system Of costly and largely outdated
work rules affecting approximately 65,-
600 Jobs. Although the Supreme Court
has ruled that the carriers are legally
free, or will be very shortly, to begin
the elimination of some Of these Jobs,
another round of negotiation" had been
agreed upon bysboth management and
union representatives.
1t lasted less than 80 minutes and
ended with nothing accomplished except
a new. exchange Of accusations about
unwillingness ION both sides) to bargain
honestly. Specifically, the talks this
week repeatedly were supposed to deal
only with a "phasing out" of 10000
firemen's jobs-an operation which a
presidential commission had recon-
mended should be done through dis
miSsal on generous severance-pay terms
OF $4,000 younger workers with the
remaining $1,000 Jobs being terminated
only on retirement or death Of incum-
bents. Although union spokesman was
quoted as acknowledging that some of
these firemen's jobs are not necessary,
1t was indicated that even limited Job
curtailment would be accepted only on
the basis Of attrition through retirement
or death.
1t is possible, Of course, that some
where along this unpromising track the
parties involved will find way to settle
their problem themselves rather than
having settlement imposed upon them.
A union strike call no doubt would be
followed by appointment of another
presidential emergency board and a
6O-day postponement Of strike action.
Actually, however, the issue of forcing
the railroads to carry a half-billion-
dollar annual load Of jobs that are I'M
needed either for safety or operational
reasons has been studied unfortunately.
To end it, the carriers have agreed to
the formula of the presidential commits
sion, or are willing to submit the issue
to arbitration. In this situation, railroad
labor is unlikely to command either
public or political support for strike
action. But a strike could and probably
would open the way to legislation :
imposing compulsory arbitration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-16

them-particularly on time. What fire.
quent user, for example, has not expert
enced the Illustration Of waiting end
lessly for a cab which had been promised
right away?" Perhaps good deal of
the irritation could be removed from
such situations If the people who man
the taxicab switchboards would be more
candid in their promises. They are not
likely to be, however, without some
pressure. In any event, the public COM
plants in this category deserve more
attention from the regulatory authori-
ties than they have had thus far.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-16
A Week for Animals

We hope the Commissioners
will reconsider their decision
Of last year to cancel the pro-
clamation of BE Kind to
Animals Week" There are
proclaimed many weeks pub
licizing less worthy projects.
Why should animals be dis
eliminated against?
The six humane societies in
the District depend on this
proclamation for useful pub
licity. The number Of D. c.
residents interested in ami
mails is attested by our so,
900 dog tags issued.
Mrs. Henry Grattan Doyle,
member Of the Shane Mac
Carthy Committee, considers
humane education a deterrent
to juvenile delinquency. 9th
ers recognize this useful func-
ton. A California humane So
ciety is producing a film on
which will appear DR.. Thomas
Phelps, an Assistant Professor
Of Sacramento State College;
Paul Weston, California State
Police Inspector. and the Very
Rev. Monsignor James D.
Poole, Superintendent Of
Catholic Schools. The purpose
of this film is to probe into
and explain the relationship
between cruelty to animals
and development of juvenile
delinquentS, as well as certain
types Of criminals.
Brine T. West,
Chairman Of Public
Relations,
Tail-Waggers' Club, Inc.