davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
Mrs. Young Heads Word Program

Mrs. Marjabelle Young has been
named director Of the "Wendy Ward"
program for the District area chain of
Montgomery Ward stores including
Capital Plaza, Falls Church and Whea-
ton. The program involves the establish
ment of youth charm school centers in
various Ward stores. Mrs. Young will
also assist in coordination of the ma
tional program. A graduate of Dramatic
Arts with q BA. from the University
Of Iowa, she is past president and
founder of Shy, Inc,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
DESKS IN PARTS
MANY STYLES FOR HOME AND oFFIcE)

finish, SIS each. Plastic top, white, black or
walnut. 3o"x6O", $35. 2-drawer teak pedes-
tai. ready-to-oiI, SIS. Complete desk, $3.50.
Design your ownI Door Store Oil finish, SLIPS
pinf. Swivel chair, black NaUgahyde, SIS.
Send SOC for cataIog Of our complete Furniture
in-Parts collection. Open weekdays til 8.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
CIVIL Elects Robinson

Mark Robinson has been elected Sec
rotary Of Greater Washington Indus
trial Investments, Inc, the largest
small business investment company in
the. Washington area. Mr.. Robinson,
who Joined the Greater Washington
staff in early 1868 previously was treas
urer Of Human Sciences Research, Inc.
Of Mclean, Va. He is a graduate of the
George Washington University with an
LIB. degree, and of Duke University
with an ABB. In economics.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
Miss Zuniqu Takes Motel Post

Miss Marie Antoinette Zuniga has
been appointed manager Of the Holiday
Inn Reservations Sales Office. The
office is one of Is locations in metro
politan areas where out-of-town Holi-
day Inn reservations are made. Miss
Zuniga was formerly assistant manager
of the Ask Mr.. Foster Travel Service
and senior travel consultant with the
Auto Club Of New York.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
Ford Managers Council Elected

David Whitcraft of Haley's Ford Inc, has been
elected president Of the Metropolitan Washington Ford
Sales Managers Council Other officers Lew Maz.
Palmer Ford c vice president, and Arthur Moriarty
Herbys Inc, secretary treasurer The council includes
81 Ford dealerShips in the Metropolitan Area.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
ABA Names Attorney Here

Charles OrMalley Zuver has been
appointed an attorney in the Washing
ton office of the American Bankers
Association and will serve as an as
sistant to Charles T, ONeill, assistant
general council and secretary Of the
ABA's National Bank Division. He also
will have legislative liaison duties. A
native Of Haddonfield, N. j.. Mr.. zuver
has been on the staff Of Vice President
johnson and previously was assistant
Senate law librarian in the Library OF
Congress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
D. c. SECURITIES

ington stock listed On the Phiisdelphis-
Baltimore v ashingion Stock Exchange
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-20
Vienna Bunk Appoints Geier

Conrad S. Geier jr. has been appointed mortgage
loan officer Of the First National Bank of Vienna, Va
He formerly with Providence Savings and Loan AS
ISOLATION of Vienna.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11

l should add that Mr.. Chuprakov
has 10000 design engineers under
his direction. The figure does not in
clude construction, operation or main
tenance engineers; just design engi-
neers solely concerned with genera
ton and transmission of electric pow
er. If it surprises you, take comfort
in the fact that it surprised us too.
Take comfort too in the fact that
so far we seem to be ahead of the
Russians in design, size and efficiency
of steam generating units, which COM
prise the bulk of both their own and
our power systems. One of our manu-
featuring concerns is now building
100000 single-unit steam genera
tor, and several 800,000-kw units
are in operation, while the Russians
are only now building their largest
at 100000 XIV.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
ABSOLUTE VERSUS
PERCENTAGE GROWTH

But the absolute amounts of our
| yearly additions, while reassuring,
are not as important as the per-
centage of existing capacity which
we-and they-add each year.
These percentages are ominous.
An industrial system must feed
upon itself for growth. A larger sys-
tenn can. and when business condi-
tions are favorable may, make addi-
tons which in absolute amounts are
larger. A smaller system may, how
ever, if it is carefully managed and
rigidly directed toward national OBJ
jectives, choose to make additions
which, while smaller on an absolute
basis, are larger on percentage
basis. Such system will, obviously,
rise on a sleeper curve than the larg-
er one, regardless of the absolute
disparities between them initially. Ii
the chosen rates of annual additions
remain constant at about the initial
percentages, the smaller will eventu-
ally, though it may take very long
time. become the larger system. This,
of course, is elementary.
But all this is given sharper edge
and more immediate impact by the
fact that if industrial systems feed
upon themselves for expansion, thus
making size an important determi-
nant of the absolute amount of peri
odic expansion, the amount of en-
ergy available to the system is the
factor limiting size. Thus
a nation in which power production |
IS being expanded on steeply rising |
curve is one which may have the |
of increasing the size of |
is overall productive system more |
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
NO SLOWING DOWN PLANNED

Whatever we-or they-actually
do in the years to come, | can report
that they have not the slightest inten-
ton of slowing down. The following
is one of the closing paragraphs from
what seemed-at least in its other
portions-to be a moderate and fac
tual report covering the history of
Soviet power development, given to
our party by N. M. Chuprakov, chief
engineer in charge of design, Minis
try of Power Station Construction.
Like the whole of his report it was
not delivered in a boastful or a chal-
longing manner, but in a matter-of-
fact way.
eve set our goal to reach and then
overtake the United States of Amer
lea during the second half of the
above period Chat is, in 19T0-1980)
at first with respect to the consump-
ton of electric power in industry,
then with respect to total power gen.
Grafton and finally with respect to
the power generated per-capita-"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
LARGEST HYDRO PROJECT
BEING BUILT

At Bratsk, 200 miles north on the
Angara from it's origin at Lake Bal
kal, we saw what will presently be-
come the worlds largest hydroelectric
dam at As to 5 million XIV. 1t is now
about two-thirds complete, already
has 200 feet of water behind the dam
Eventually it will have $50 feet or
SOY and is generating power with five
of what will eventually be 20 gen.
orators.
These generators, and the turbines
which drive them, are the largest in
the world and were especially de-
signed for this dam by L. A. Arte-
NOV, an English-speaking engineer
now in his sixties who spent several
years in America working on lend
lease during the war, has many
friends here, and is widely respected
in the electrical world. He is in
charge of all hydro turbine and gen.
orator designs in Russia. Incidental
ly. as a young man he built the first
hydro plant in Russia, starting in
1922.
We were able to see some of
these turbines and generators being
installed. The largest in the II. S.
are at Niagara and have a capacity
of 100000 XIV. Those at Bratsk are
of 100000 XIV capacity. That
means more than 100000 horse
power is developed by single tur-
bine on a single, slow-speed shaft.
At Krasnoyarsk, two hundred miles
west from Bratsk on the Yenisei, is
a dam we did not visit because con-
struction is just now getting well
underway. This dam, when completed,
will take the title of biggest away
from Brassk. 1t will generate 6 mil
hon-plus XIV. Its equipment, also de-
signed by Mr.. Artemov but not yet
built, will produce 100000 XIV per
generator, or more than 100000 hp
per turbine. The shafts necessary to
take such power are too big to forge
in single piece, so they are made
of slabs of foot-thick steel, which are
rolled into partial cylinders, welded
lengthwise into tubes, heated in soak
ing pits to relieve welding stresses,
and then machined to size-some-
thing over eight feet in outside dia-
meter and about six feet inside dia-
meter. The design and construction
Of these shafts is real engineering
achievement by itself.
1t is planned that both the Angara
md the Yenisei, as we'll as number
If other Siberian rivers, will be fully
developed from headwaters to their
mouths on the Arctic in the next sew
.ral years, some of the dams being
anger than those l have mentioned,
md some smaller.
But the real giant, one planned
for construction beginning 10 or
IL years from now, is on the Lena
quite near its delta on the Arctic.
Preliminary engineering studies,
we were told, yield the astonishing
prediction of from 20 to % million
XIV to be generated by this single
dam. 1t is expected to electrify the
entire Pacific Coast of Siberia.
The secret of getting power from
UGH remote regions to the centers
t industrial production involves the
horny problem of very long-distance
r.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
BIG LEAPS FORWARD IN Is
YEARS BY SOVIETS

Some comparative figures are in
tcresting. In 1927, the earliest year
for which the FPC has statistics, Rus
STA had 100000 XIV of installed
generating capacity. The u. S.. had
passed that figure in 1900. By 1916
Russia had 12,338,OOO XIV. The U. s.
had passed that figure exactly 30
years before i'm 1916. But by 1861
Russia had IA million XIV, figure
equalled in the u. S. only IL years
earlier, in 1949.
The u. S. is still ahead of Rus
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
MAY, OR MAY NOT BE OF
CONCERN TO THE SOVIETS

This doesn't seem to bother them,
though it actually may; it is hard
to tell. They claim they would rather
standardize at moderate size and
build more of them, which may or
may not be the case. This would not
make economic sense in our system
but it is sometimes hard to be sure
whether the economic factors in their
system would produce the same de-
cisions as in ours, even granting that
they have the technical capacity
necessary for free choice. In any
case Mr.. Khrushchev, in recent poll
cy speech, directed his engineers to
step up their mastery of larger steam
units.
But it is in hydro-power (about
20% to $50 of their capacity
and in extra-high-voltage and inte-
grated transmission systems that
they have made important adj
vances, and this is what we went
to see and learn about.
Russia has several very large rivers
that dwarf the Columbia in size and
power. On the Volga we saw the dams
at Stavropol, 23 million XIV (com-
pared to 1.9 million XIV at Grand
Coulee), and Volgograd, 2.5 million
XIV. These dams, temporarily the
largest in the world, with separate
concrete powerhouses and spillway
sections a kilometer long apiece, are
built on clay, not on rock, and the
concrete structures were designed to
settle about 40 centimeters col
inches or SOY into the clay after con-
struction and during operation. They
did SO with no misahgnment or other
mishap. Our engineers were seen
slowly shaking their heads over this.
Someone commented that Russians
now build dams the way they used |
20 fly airplanes; the way to get off |
he ground is to open the throttle |
md pull on the stick, and if anything
goes wrong they've learned some
hing for next time.
/ am sure that such imaginative and
even daring engineering occasionally
loes produce bad results, though we
Jaw none. But it also produces knowl-
'dge- advanced knowledge which is
promptly put to work on the next
'roject. The Russians we met i'm
'ressed me with their eagerness to
Jet out of the laboratory phase and
nto construction, even before all
questions had been solved, rather
han allow research to be prolonged
Indefinitely. This seems to be even
1ore true of their transmission work
han of their dam construction. 1t
ras amazing how often we heard
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
High Stakes In Energy Race With the Soviet Union

them say, "This project was built
largely for research before building
such-and-such larger project, which
is now under way"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11

to give rise to a good deal of self
congratulation in our electric in
dustry. In 1861 we had nearly
200 million XIV of capacity; the
Russians only IA million XIV. But
a closer look at the figures is dis
turbing, even without going into
the matter of the uses to which
they put their power in contrast
| to the uses we select.
In 1882 we had almost ten times
as much capacity as they, about 43
million XIV compared to 4,675,00O
XIV. By 1861, this margin had shrunk
to less than three times. There are
two ways to look at this. Notice that
the absolute margin had widened,
while the percentage of margin had
shrunk. Naturally, popular way to
look at these facts is to emphasize
the widening gap in absolute terms.
IMPRESSIVE ACHIEVEMENT
But using the foregoing statistics,
and taking the percentage of growth
in installed capacity during the Is
years between 1916 and 1861 as a
measure of what is going on in the
two countries, we find the following:
by 1861 the u. S. had reached the
level of about 1880 of its 1916
capacity, or an increase of 1880.
In the same period the USSR had
reached the level of exactly 5000
of its 1916 capacity or an increase
of 5000. Both these rates of growth
are impressive and represent great
but the latter figure |
rate of growth absolute
ly unparalleled in any 15-year period |
IN the history of the u. S. or, for |
that matter, in the history of any
other important nation in the world. |
Further, this has not been the re-
suit of quick replacement of capacity
damaged during World War II: Rus
;ia came out of the war in 1915 with
almost precisely the same capacity
t had in 1910. Further still, the bulk
If the growth has been in the most
recent years, and at sharply accei-
the U. S. statistics, 1861
at 1880 of 1916 capacity,
With the USSR statistics, 1861 capac-
ty of 1870 of 1851 capacity, to
how that Russia had achieved about
he same percentage increase In plant
Turing the past 10 years as the U. S.
uring the past Is.
So that there shall be no misunder-
tanding, and lest | be accused of
ncouraging misunderstanding, let
ne emphasize that the yearly addi-
ions to u. S. electric generating
apacity are currently larger, in ALSO
ute amounts, than those made by I
he USSR; although it may surprise
GU to learn that not until 1852 did I
re reach the nine million-kw level
f annual expansion reached by the
russians in 1861, and that we have
allen below that level one year since
hen, in 1856.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11

| quickly imam would normally be the
case. And this added size of the over
all system IN turn allows power pro-
duction to be expanded along an even
sleeper curve in succeeding years.
Thus the power program and the in
| dustrial program nourish each other S
expansion. There can be no doubt
that this is precisely the program
that the Russians have put in motion.
1t has been in motion for a number
of years, and the results are now
clearly visible in the statistics noted
above.
Mr.. Khrushchev knew perfectly
well, before he challenged the u. S.
to a race in the field of electric en-
ergy, that our capacity is nearly three
times that of Russia, and that the
annual additions to u. S. generating
capacity are currently greater than
those being made in Russia. Does
this mean, as the complacent execu-
tives in our electric industry would
have you believe, that Mr.. K. is out
of his mind and has advertised to
the world that the Soviet Union has
entered race it cannot win?
1 hope l may be pardoned if I re-
mind you that the world has by now
formed an entirely different view of
that willy old gentleman. He is, as
we all have reason to know, an ex-
ceedingly well-informed man; he
knows the stakes that are involved
in an energy race between the u. S.
and the USSR; and as a master poll
tician, he knows very well the risks
of outlining policies and goals which
are beyond the possibility of execu-
lion.
1t will pay us, if for no other
reason than to avoid panic later
on, to take a careful look at the
same figures he has been looking
at and try to understand realistical-
ly what he and his system are driv-
ing at.
RAPID CONSTRUCTION
PACE NOTED
What gives rise to the greatest |
concern among Americans who have
studied these figures carefully. and
Who have gone to Russia for a look |
around, is the accelerating pace of |
he construction the Russians have |
'ecently built and the even faster
.cceleration of their plans for future |
Both countries are plan
ing and building on curves which |
Use more steeply each year, but the
russians curve of actual construc-
ion is rising faster now than ours
vas II years ago, when we had the
anne capacity they presently have.
What is more important, they plan
o steepen their construction curve
nore drastically in the years ahead
han some people think would be
Justified in the u. S. by the demands
f our own economy. If this happens,
he curves will inevitably converge,
ltersect and cross
Whether this happens, of course,
epends ON complex of economic
nd perhaps political factors prob
bly, beyond the ability of anyone to
redict with certainty. But a u. S.
enate committee, which toured Rus
a in 1859 with engineering staff
nd studied power matters carefully,
eported that: /,
1.-THE USSR is catching up with
the u. S. in electric power produc-
tion, the basic field in which SUI
premacy counts heavily in peaceful
economic competition or in event
Of war The Russians could
overtake us in 1975-in IS years
unless we speed up or they slow
iown."f
o SLOWING DOWN PLANNED
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
POWER WAS EARLY
SOVIET GOAL

First, one should understand that,
although at the time of the revolu-
tion Russia was the most backward
European nation in the development
of electric power, the total electrifi-
cation of Russia was at once made
the goal-the center and the heart of
the industrialization plans laid down
then, over 40 years ago. Every plan
launched since then has had this
same central feature.
During the Twenties and Thirties
American engineers and contracting
firms, together with American gen.
orator and turbine manufacturers,
worked with the Russians to develop
both hydro and steam generation, as
well as high-voltage transmission.
Lend-lease assistance helped rebuild
war-damaged plants and lines, and
even built a few new ones for war
production during the Forties. Since
shortly after World War III the Rus
slams have been self-sufficient. and
have carried on an increasingly large
and rapid construction program un-
aided; even developing enough capac-
ity to send skilled engineers, techni-
clans and first-rate electric equip
ment abroad to newly-developing
areas. Today, in the generation of
electric power, Russia has outstripped
not only every nation in Europe by
very wide margins, but every other
nation in the world as well, except
for the u. S.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
By HON. HOWARD MORGAN,
Commissioner, Fed. Power Comm

Ina September, Commissioner Nor
gan was a member of a delegation of
u. s. power officials who toured cleo
trio facilities of the Soviet Union.
The group was headed by Secretary
of the Interior Stewart l.. UdaIl and
included Federal Power Commission
Chairman Joseph c. Swfdler, Under
Secretary of the Interior James X.
Carr and a number of other federal
officials. ConsuItants to the group
included Paul f.. Shaad, general man.
aSer of the Sacramento, Calf, mu-
nicipaI Utility District.
This report on Soviet electric pow
er, and the energy race to which So
Wet Chairman Khrushchev challenged
us, was made by Commissioner Nor
gan at the recent Western States
Water and Power Consumers Confer
ence i'm Portland, Ore.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11

| recently returned from a
2-week inspection trip through
Russia, Siberia, and Sweden,
in company with Secretary of
the Interior Udall, and a group
of other u. S. officials and con-
sullttaants. During the course of
the trip, Mr.. Khrushchev, in a
conversation with Secretary Udall,
issued challenge to the United
States to engage in a peaceful energy
race with the Soviet Union. The chal-
lenge was of course accepted by Mr..
Udall, and the challenge and accept
ance were reported by the press.
During the intervening period there
has been surprisingly little editorial
comment in the United States about
this energy race to which we are now
committed. Most of the comment /
have seen reflects little understand
ing of the seriousness of such con-
test and expresses comfortable and
complacent point of view concerning
our prospects.
After a careful examination of the
comparative electric power statistics
of the two countries | am convinced
that:
We have already been in an
electric energy race with the USSR
for Is years;
While we are ahead in that
race by a very wide margin, the
Russians are gaining on us at an
alarming rate; and
The seriousness of the race to-
gether with the possibility that we
can eventually lose it are matters
which urgently need informed pub
lie discussion in this country.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-10-04
At Salt Lake Conference
Democrats Reuffirm Opposition
To So Called >Right-to-Work'

various states, established a perma-
nent Western States Labor Advisory
Committee and will have a panel on
Labor and Labor Problems at future
conferences.
A wide variety of resolutions deal
ing with business problems were APP
proved. including one of special i'm
portance to the Montana lumber in
dustry recommending federal legis-
lation requiring all foreign produced
lumber products to be marked, show
ing the country of origin. 1t was
pointed out that there is federal and
state legislation in effect requiring
domestic lumber to be used in public
construction, but that there is no
way for inspectors, or others, to de-
termine whether the legislation is
being complied with because the lum-
Der is not marked.
Weller was ONE of the forty-five
Montana delegates to the conference
and was active in support of pro-
grams of his organization, including
The foregoing, and also including a
endorsing Knowles
Dam which found unanimous support |
If the entire conference.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-10-04
1000 Farmers Expected To Be
In Great Falls for Freeman Talk

Secretary Freeman will speak for
about half an hour. He will spend an
hour answering questions, written on
cards distributed to participants as
they enter the auditorium, and six
microphones in various spots in the
theatre will enable others to ask
questions from the floor.
The entire question-answer period
will be tape recorded for further con-
sideration by the secretary and mem
bers of his staff in planning the de-
parrtment's program and recommen-
dations Ito Congress, according to
Dyess.
The area director will return to
Great Falls Oct. and remain for
Secretary Freeman's visit.
Scheduled to arrive at the Great
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-10-04

GREAT FALLS - Approx
mately 1000 Montana farmers
and ranchers are expected to
hear Secretary of Agriculture
Orville l.. Freeman, when he
speaks in the Civic Center Oc-
tober 9.
Here Friday making arrangements
for Secretary Freeman's Montana
stop were James Dyess of Washing
ton, D. c., area director of the Agrl-
cultural Sterilization and Conserva-
ton Service, and Douglas G. Smith,
Bozeman, state Asses executive di-
rector.
The public meeting in The Civic
Center auditorium will be open, with
out charge, to all persons interested.