davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-05-07
By the Associated Pre.s

Senator Met Clellan, Democrat
OF Arkansas, has received part
OF the evidence he contends
the Pentagon had refused or
failed to provide" in the Tx
hearings. 1t was delivered to
him personally by Deputy Sec
retary of Defense Roswell l..
Gilpatric.
The document was described
as a memorandum written by
Albert w. Blackburn, q Pen
tagon employe who worked on
the contract and resigned re-
Gently, repeatedly because he
was dissatisfied with his
superiors' handling Of the
contract.
Evening star., 1963-05-07
Bridge Matches Set

The Northern Virginia Bridge
Association will hold It's Master
Point pairs matches at 7:45
pm. Thursday In the Key
Bridge Marriott Hotel, instead
OF the usual place. the Park
Arlington Motel. The Thurs
day games at the Park Arling-
ton will be resumed May 10.
Evening star., 1963-05-07
Walter Is Better,
Doctor Reports

~ Wv hAN'NA@ke0 FNNah
Representative Walter. DEM
ocrat Of Pennsylvania, was re-
ported by his physician 10 be
"a little better" today.
Or. Darrell c. Grain said Mr..
Walter. under treatment since
January for a respiratory all
ment, has his ups and downs. "
Over the week end, Mr.. Walter
took q turn for the worse but
improved beginning yesterday.
Mr.. Walter originally en-
tered Georgetown University
Hospital January 81 for tests
and treatment. He was released
after three weeks but was
forced 10 return 10 the hospital
about three weeks ago.
Evening star., 1963-05-07

had refused or failed to COM
ply with the subcommittee's
requests for the Blackburn
memo and several other docu-
ments desired as evidence.
Evening star., 1963-05-07

Alcester, S. OAK, who left the
Soviet Union last December;
Capt. Alexis Dawson Of At.
lanta, Ga, the Embassy physi.
clan, who left Moscow yesterday
at the end Of his two-year as.
signment; Richard Carl Jacoh
of Egg Harbor City, N. Y, q
secretary-archiviSt who waS
expelled last November, and
Hugh Montgomery of Spring
field, Mass, an Embassy secur-
ity officer whose departure
never was demanded by the
Russians.
Eight Trips to Russia
Mr.. Wynne had made about
eight trips to the Soviet Union
representing British firms. He
was arrested in Hungary last
November. brought to the So
Wet Union and has been held
incommunicado ever since.
The indictment said Mr.. Pen
kovsky himself offered to be-
come a British agent. It said
he also offered his services to
the Americans but got no reply
from them.
Mr.. Wynne, according to the
indictment. acted as a contact
man between Mr.. Penkovsky
and the British and later
couriered information he COL
lected.
Evening star., 1963-05-07
DUVALIER READY
TO RELEASE FOES

PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti
May 7 (AP).-Despite uncon-
firmed reports Of Haitian troops
moving toward the Dominican
Republics border, President
Francois Duvalier was reported
ready today to remove a CHIEF
source Of tension threatening
war with the Dominican Re-
public.
Haitian Foreign Minister
Rene Chalmers said his gov
eminent will permit all oppo-
nents Of DR.. Duvalier who took
asylum In foreign embassies
here to leave Haiti.
Mr.. Chalmers said the refu-
gees viii be released little by
little" after a routine investiga-
ton Of their backgrounds.
Orders Held Up
In Santo Domingo, President
Juan Bosch charged that Hal
tian military forces mounted
machine-gun positions outside
the Dominican Embassy in Port
&u Prince. He said % Haitians
sheltered there were in a "des-
perate situation"
But Mr.. Bosch still held off
ordering his troops and tanks
on the Haitian border to in
wade, apparently in Difference
to international peace efforts.
He messaged the Organiza-
ton Of American States in
Washington that he would not
order an attack unless "the
present aggreSsions continue.
Santo Domingo appeared
calm after q day of rumors
that invasion was imminent.
Evening star., 1963-05-07
Trial Is Open

spy case Is an open" one
meaning foreign correspond
ents and diplomats have been
invited. but is not a show
trial such as the purge trials OF
the i930s or the espionage trial
Of U-2 Pilot Francis Gary
Powers.
It is being held in the nor
NAL court for such cases-the
military collegium OF the Su-
preme Court-and not In the
larger Hall Of Columns Of the
Soviet Trade Union Building
where Mr.. Powers was con-
victed. Moreover, no advance
notice OF the trial was pub
lished in the Soviet presso
Although the espionage
charges against Mr.. Wynne
and the high treason charges
against Mr.. Penkovsky both
carry possible death penalties,
most officials here believe the
brunt OF the prosecution and
subsequent propaganda will be
leveled against Mr.. Penkovsky,
a former official Of the Soviet
Committee for CO. ordination
Of Scientific Research.
AS part OF his Job, Mr.. PEN
kovsky was in contact with
many foreigners and travelled
often 10 Western Europe. Ac-
cording 10 Soviet accounts at
the time OF his arrest last
Evening star., 1963-05-07
Weighing Report

Mr.. Bosch was believed
weighing the report that DR..
Francois Duvalier was ready
to remove the major irritant
between the two countries by
Evening star., 1963-05-07
BY BERNARD GWERTZMAN
Star staff Writer

Soviet officials hope to turn
the spy trial Of British busi-
nesSman Greville Wynne and
Soviet, scientific administrator
Oleg Penkovsky into a mod
ern-day morality play. experts
here said today.
Mr.. Penkovsky's downfall has
been widely discussed in Soviet
media as an example Of what
can happen to a good Soviet
citizen who tastes the forbid
den fruit Of bourgeois ide-
ology."
This is in line with the re-
cent breakdown in the Soviet
Union on intellectuals and
others who have advocated
closer contact with Westerners
and Western ideas.
A Communist Party Central
Committee meeting scheduled
for May 28 is expected to urge
even more vigilance" against
jazz, art. and other products Of
the West which are popular
with Soviet citizens.
Evening star., 1963-05-07

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offer. Or phone Republic 7-4500 between
8 and 5. Why not do it today!
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Political Problems

AS Mr.. Macmillan noted last
week. the closer England drew to
meeting the Markets economic de-
mands, the less interested France
was in her admission.
Mr. Macmillan gave this a
sinister Interpretation, but Mr.. de
Gaulle has been frank in stating
his doubts about Britain's admis-
sion. The De Gaulle concept OF
the Common Market differs from
the generally accepted one. In the
generals eyes the Market is not
a first step toward European
unity and eventual Atlantic union,
and 1t is not the European back
bone Of some grand alliance"
merging the great powers on both
sides Of the Atlantic. II is pri-
marily an economic union OF six
continental nations OF common
economic background actually,
there is more in common between
the Netherlands and England, for
instance, than there is between
France and the Netherlands &.
With an economic base. Mr.. de
Gaulle believes a confederation OF
the six European nations can de-
velop politically. To hasten this
affiliation, he has striven for close
relations with West Germany,
Frances possible rival within the
union.
Evening star., 1963-02-03

mocracy does not necessarily re-
suit from majority rule, but rath-
er from the forged compromise of
the majority with the minority"
Senator Inouye said that the
philosophy of the Bill Of Rights
and the rules of the Senate is not
simply TO grant the majority the
power to rule, but also to limit
that power. Accordingly, he con-
cluded. he opposed the destruction
Of the power Of the Southern mi
nority In the Senate in the name
Of helping the Negro minority in
the United States.
The liberals prospects for win
ming a rules change in this Con-
gress are slim in the extreme be-
cause they rest upon Cd wearing
out the Southern phalanx Of ora
tors or 90 obtaining a two thirds
vote to halt debate.
1t appears likely that, after a
few more days of sparring and
speaking, the Senate will, begin
its legislative tasks - with time
out, of course, for the February
recesSes for the Lincoln Day and
Jefferson-Jackson Day rallies.
While the House and Senate are
off on their rounds of political
dinners, they will have a couple
of White House messages to chew
on, too, If they are SO inclined.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Traditional Ties

Mr., de Gaulle has been skeptlcal
about England's admission from
the first. Great Britain has so
many traditional ties outside the
Six that he fears his Little
Europe" being overwhelmed by
some AnRlo-A American dominated
colossus, He sees Europe with
out Britain sos regaining It's former
position as the cultural and po-
litical center OF the world. With
France and Germany as the
nucleus, he sees a Little Europe"
as third force between and In
dependent of-the American and
Russians.
Because OF the nuclear stale
mate. Mr.. de Gaulle thinks
chances OF a nuclear war are
slim although France. as a great
nation should have It's own nu-
clear arsenal Eventually. he be-
lieyes. Europe should rely on the
United States less for protection,
although at present, the American
forces are welcome.
Mr.. de Gaulle has distrusted
Britain's motives. Not unlike
many Frenchmen, Mr. de Gaulle
remembered that Britain stayed
out OF the Market when II started.
and by It's European Free Trade
Association tried 10 weaken the
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Farm Program

President Kennedy, taking a new
tack, told Congress to write its
own farm bill but urged it to fol-
low some general guide lines he
provided.
He would expand production
controls = he particularly called
upon farmers to approve in a ref
erendum mandatory limits on
wheat and would offer new
Government subsidies which the
administration said eventually
would save the American taxpayer
between $500 million and $500
million a year. The new programs
would cover feed grains and dairy
products.
Mr.. Kennedy's other message
concerned the controversial mat
ter of Federal aid to education.
And it Immediately ran into sharp
criticism from the Catholic hier-
archy because 1t did not include
aid to parochial grammar and
high schools.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
NucIeor::
Setback

President Kennedy ordered .
resumption Of nucIear test
preparations" on Friday after
the Anglo-A -American-soviet nu-
clear test ban discussions failed
TO report any progress In New
York. They will be resumed In
Geneva on February IL.
Depite public optimism three
weeks ago. the current nuclear
test ban talks we're no less dis
appointing than many others
held In the four years since such
talks began
THE forward movement has
been, II any. miniscule. Secretary
OF State RuSk said on Friday. the
day after they had been adjourned
until February l2 In Geneva,
There has been no communi-
que, or full explanation OF what
transpircd. but observers believe
either the Anglo-American nor
he Soviet side seemed willing 10
compromise on the number OF on
site inspections needed 10 verify
a nuclear test ban treaty ade-
quately
The United States says Q or
10 are the minimum possible. the
Russians say ? or 3 are as many
Continued on Page E.1
Evening star., 1963-02-03
How Vote Ran

But when the tally was COM
pleted, 80 Democrats and 81 Re-
publicans had voted for the
Mansfield Dirksen tabling mo-
ton while 81 Democrats and IL
Republicans opposed it. In a key
test in January, 1861, on refer
ring the new rules to committee,
they lost so to As.
The vote and the debate under
lined a fact which is overlooked
by those who view the rules fight
only, or primarily, in terms Of
Negro rights. And this is that many
Senators still believe the Senate
to be the one remaining bastion
for the protection of the rights of
all minorities against the possibly
oppressive rule of majorities.
A Democratic freshman Sena-
tor of Japanese extraction. Daniel
Inouye. expressed this viewpoint
in a surprise and impassioned
maiden speech on the Senate floor.
Asserting that he well understood
the human injustice suffered be-
cause of color, the thrice-wounded
World War II hero declared:
IF any lesson of history is clear
1t is that minorities change, new
minorities take their place and
old minorities grow into the ma
jority. 49,.
Il have heard so often in the
past few weeks eloquent and good
men plead for the chance TO let
the majority rule. I disagree. for
to me 1t is equally clear that de-
Evening star., 1963-02-03
The Real Fight

But while the liberals are deter
mined to continue the struggle,
the real fight was undoubtedly
ended for this Congress on
Thursday when the Senate voted
SO to AZ to table ito kill, for all
practical purposes) the liberals
proposition that a majority may
adopt new rules at the start of
new Congress.
The vote came after a biparti-
san liberal effort failed to per-
suade Vice President Johnson, as
presiding officer, to rule on the
proposed change. Mr.. johnson,
who had no desire to have the
monkey put on his back, declared:
This presiding officer does not
intend to exercise authority he
does not believe he has merely
because other men are unwilling
to exercise the authority they do
have"
If there was any surprise in
the vote, which was brought
about by Joint motion made by
Senate Majority Leader Mansfield
and Minority Leader Dirksen, it
was the margin against the lib
erals. When the Democrats in
creased their majority in the Sen
ate in last falls election from 64
to SO TO 81 to 33, the liberals hopes
for restricting debate also rose.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Food Imports

Britain's food is imported
cheaply from the Commonwealth
land the United States) and is
grown at home under a subsidized
system. This means that food
prices In Britain are generally
lower than In Europe and indus
trial prices In some areas are
lower. France argued that unless
Britain broke its traditional i'm
port policy with the Common
wealth countries and ended It's
subsidy program at home. Britain
would compete In Europe's indus
trial markets at an unfair price
advantage. Also, the lower-priced
English food market would shut
out the higher-priced Market food,
predominantly French-grown.
Even though Mr.. de Murville
used the agricultural debate as
one reason for shutting off talks,
the fact Is that Britain was on
the verge Of complying with the
Markets demands. Mr.. Macmillan
already had warned the Common
wealth last summer II could not
expect 10 continue 10 receive a
preferential system. and econo-
mists already we're plotting
changes In Britain's subsidy pro-
gram.
All that London asked was time
10 carry out the needed changes
gradually. Frances partners
seemed 10 agree TO giving Britain
time, but France suddenly de-
manded a halt In the talks This
led Mr.. Macmillan 10 suggest last
week that France broke off the
talks not because Britain would
Evening star., 1963-02-03
German Reaction

Much will depend on the reac-
ton Of the German government
to the present state Of Europe.
Publicly. Bonn supported Britain's
admission. but there are doubts
about how hard Mr.. Adenauer
tried 10 change Mr.. de Gaulle's
mind. A truer test will be the
vote Of the Bundestag on the re-
Gently signed Franco German
treaty Of cooperation. II the poll
iticians are annoyed enough at
Mr.. de Gaulle. they may refuse
TO ratify the pact. This would
leave Mr.. de Gaulle quite isolated
In Europe. But II would also be
a rebuke to the 87-year-old Chan
cellor who has spent his political
life trying TO end the historic
Franco German rivalry. Since he
is TO retire this fall, the Germans
may ratify the treaty. II only as
a gesture Of appreciation 10 Mr..
Adenauer.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Aid to Education

The Kennedy program is a broad
one, covering. among other items,
a four-year, SIS billion outlay for
public elementary and secondary
school construction and teachers
salary increases and a 81 billion
appropriation over three years for
Federal loans for college facilities
for both public and private
schools.
With Congress, or at least some
Of its more influential members,
in a mood for trimming a near
record prospective budget deficit,
the Presidents bill is in for a diff
ficult time on the Hill.
The Senate House Economic
Committee began hearings on the
Presidents economic report last
week and on Thursday it heard
Treasury Secretary Dillon dispute
suggestions by some businessmen
that substantial number of mid
die and upper-income taxpayers
would pay more under the Presi-
dents new tax cut-tax reform
program. Virtually everyone would
pay less in taxes, he said.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
New u. s. Role in Europe?

France used its veto power
last week to force an end to the
Common Market talks on Brit
ish membership.
AS Edward Heath led Great Brit
aims delegation into Brussels new
foreign ministry building - the
Quatre Bras-late Tuesday after
noon, reporters joked that they
looked like men on the way to the
scaffold.
The scene did have the ma
cabre aspects Of an execution. For
more than two weeks, the world
knew the trap would be sprung on
Britain's application for member
ship in the Common Market un-
less Frances Charles de Gaulle
could be prevailed upon to grant
a reprieve.
Optimists believed 87-year-old
German Chancellor Konrad Ade-
nauer might have swayed the
French President with q plea for
mercy the week before. Others
thought the mounting anti
French sentiment throughout the
Western alliance might have had
some moderating effect on the
French general.
But as Mr.. Heath, the Lord
Privy Seal Of Harold Macmillan's
cabinet. entered the Quatre Bras
word already had leaked out:
France would not agree to a COM
promise plan that would keep the
talks alive.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Free World Future

He has been singularly uncon-
cerned with the attempts by
Europeans" like Jean Monnet to
link England's admission to the
future Of the free world. He has
turned a deaf ear also TO the
pleas Of his Market partners to
admit Britain II she meets the
economic requirements.
The coming months should see
a concerted drive by the other
members Of the Market backed
by the United States to get
France TO change her mind. What
ever damage France has done TO
Western unity. she has not
slammed the door In Britains
face forever. Likewise. Britain and
her allies have publicly pledged
a continuation OF the drive 10
gain admission.
Although Mr. de Gaulle's veto
was effective this time, he runs
the risk Of one OF his partners
using the veto against France
when the crucial agricultural
policy OF the Market is up for
discussion. II France persists In
its restrictive policy.
Quietly watching, President
Kennedy has made no public
statement on the situation. He
has. however. summoned his am
bassadors from Germany and
Britain 10 discuss the setback 10
his grand alliance" A reassess-
ment will have 10 be made here
on the United States role In
Europe. Should we keep thousands
Of soldiers In Europe 10 protect
France tamong others after
France all but rejects the idea
Of Atlantic unity2 This is a ques-
ton that Congressmen are sure
10 raise
Moreover, there is a general Inn
preston that the black ball was
meant less at England than II
was for the United States. This
Is only the latest In q series OF
Franco American disagreements.
ranging from nuclear testing 10
the Congo. And II Is sure 10
worscn the problems within NATo
twhere France refuses TO accept
United StatCs-led multi lateral
ISM and within the Market it.
self, where American influence Is
even stronger than Frances.
The Soviet Union mas been cau-
tious IN eyaluating the Vests
problems. As the West has with
the Sino-Soviet rift, Mr.. Khru-
shchev has wisely done nothing
but ait back and enjoy the fun.
Some OF Mr.. de Gaulle's bitterest
Evening star., 1963-02-03
All Are Heard

The chairman noted that
France would not agree to this
compromise plan. Thereupon, in
very formal fashion, the minis
ters from the Six all spoke in
turn. With the exception OF
France, each said his government
wanted to continue the negotia-
tions and each said his govern
ment was convinced the out
standing problems could be re-
solved.
Mr.. Couve de Murville outlined
Frances opposition. already
stated eloquently on January l4th
by Mr.. de Gaulle and by other
French officials subsequently.
I'm the present state OF things"
the French foreign minister said,
Great Britain is not yet in a
position to accept the disciplines
Of the Treaty (of Rome) and
particularly those Of the agricul-
tural policy"
NO agreement COulu De reacneQ
on these ideas" he said. "One
is forced to admit It,"
Having said this. he continued,
II reaffirm that whenever Great
Britain finds II possible 10 accept
all the provisions OF the Treaty
OF Rome, nothing could prevent II
from joining the Common Mar
ket. But 1t is with Britain. and
not with US. that the burden Of
proof lies. In other words. we are
not saying: the United Kingdom
must not join the Common Mar
ket. We are saying: have the con-
ditions been metz"
The implied answer: No.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Irony Exists

1t is ironic that II Britain had
been admitted to the Market. Mr..
Macmillan's government stood q
good chance of falling In a gen.
eral election. Now, 1t seems
stronger than 1t has IN months.
A vote Of confidence on the Po-
laris-fo r-Skybolt swap gave Mr..
Macmillan his best majority In
Parliament in a long time.
Undoubtedly. the Tories have
been helped by the split within
Labor's ranks after Hugh Gait
skell's death. Balloting for q new
chairman begins this week, and
1t is an open fight. George Brown,
a Gaitskell disciple. Is the
favorite.
Mr.. Macmillan Is In Rome this
week end for q series Of important
talks with Mr.. Fanfani, q quite
vocal supporter Of Atlantic unity.
Mr.. Fanfani has agreed to join
the Anglo-American nuclear force
quitting Polaris on his ships and
using either British or American
nuclear warheads). And most
likely. Mr.. Fanfani will attempt TO
increase political. economic and
cultural relations between Lon
don and Rome. partially TO offset
the Paris-Bonn axis.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
THE NATIONAL SCENE
New Senate Disposes
Of First Real Fight

Senate liberals were defeated
on Thursday in a major test Of
their campaign to limit debate.
President Kennedy sent his
farm and aid-tO- education mes
sages to Congress last week.
Many have been the assaults
In the last decade on the Senate's
Rule % covering the limitation of
debate in that body.
These assaults have been led by
so-called liberal Democrats and
Republicans-from the large in
dustrial States which have sub
stantial and politically potent
Negro minorities. The spark be-
hind the campaign has been the
promise that new civil rights leg
islation could be enacted if the
Southerners we're stripped of their
filibuster weapon.
The ti-filibuster forces won
q slight victory in 1859 when the
Southerners bent a little and per-
rnitted a change from an absolute
two-thirds majority to a two
thirds majority of those Senators
present and voting as the require
ment for the invoking of cloture
or limitation of debate.
The battle was joined again
two years ago, but the liberals
got nowhere. When the 88th Con-
greSs convened early last month,
the filibuster fight became the
Senate's first real order of busi-
ness. 1t has tied up that chamber
ever since.
Evening star., 1963-02-03
Economic Problems

In the early stages Of the talks,
economic problems predominated,
since the Market is in its early. or
economic, stage Of development.
The Treaty Of Rome calls for
eventual political unity. but only
after the Market is fully inte-
grated economically.
In many respects Britain's econ
omy is quite different from that
Of the continent. and these diff
ferences posed crucial problems
for London. The continents poll
cy - more or less French inspired
calls for strict controls on pro-
duction Of foodstuffs, with farm
ers assured Of a stable price, as
in the United States. This results
in higher food prices in stores.
and corresponding higher wage
and price scale in industry.