davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-30

For high and low tides at the follow
ms points subtract times indicated
from the above: Annapolis, ga hours
Bloody Point Light, "a hours: Colonial
s Beach. = hours; poeale' 4s hours
Lookout, IA hours.
The Sun and the Moon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-30
Cites Prince Edward

Mr.. Dunbar said further that
he believes the Justice Depart
ment has injected itself toe
centrally into the civil rights
picture as if it were the only
Government department con-
cerned with civil rights" He
cited the Prince Edward
County school situation as an
example.
Clarence Mitchell. director Of
the Washington office of the
National Association for the
Advancement of Colored Peo-
pie, said the Justice Depart
ment lis guilty of having toe
narrow a concept of what Il
can do by proceeding under
statute"
There is broad constitu.
tional authority for the Gov.
eminent to act under the con.
stitutional prerogative." Mr.
Mitchell said as he urged thai
Federal marshals or troops bC
used to protect Leflore
County Negroes who are seek.
ing to register to vote.
Enforcement Issue
He spanked the department
for restricting its objective II
the area Of legislation in thu
voting field" He said there 4
"a need now for enforcement
Of the laws on the books, ant
not in passing new laws" Mr.
Mitchell noted. however, tina
the Justice Department, undel
Attorney General Kennedy, hal
engaged in more civil right
activity In the last two year
than 1t did in any previous
administration.
Roy wilkins, NAACP execu,
tive secretary, observed, g
don't see how the Justice De
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-30

less tonight and tomorrow.
Visibility 2 to 5 miles with
some fog this morning. Visi-
bility 5 to 10 miles this after
noon, tonight and tomorrow.
River Report
Potomae River cloudy at Harpers
Ferry and slightly muddy at Great
Fails. Shenandoah cloudy at Harper's
Ferry.
Temperatures for Yesterday
Midnight --- 81 Noon 1890 81
sam sam. 49, 49, 81 tP I'm. 49, ---- 81
Record Temperatures for the Year
Highest. so on March rs.
Lowest, 3 on January "a.
Tide Tables
FURNISHED by the United States Coast
and Oeodetie Survey
Todsy Tomorrow
Hish -------- 1l:5l am. 1898 am.
Low -------- OLD am .I'll am
Low - $50 pm. s:Oi pm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
MAX FREEDMAN
On Recognizing Congress

mon complaint is that Par
lament is being dominated
by the Cabinet. The ordinary
member Of Parliament tends
to become a cipher, obedient
to the party whip, and unable
to control his leaders who can
always rely on the anony-
nous wisdom Of the civil
service.
The reforms which sre ad-
vocated In Britain call for
structural changes IN Parlia-
ment. For that very reason
they are unlikely to be &C
cepted. e-
But in Congress the situa-
ton is totally different. It is
master of IT'S own system Of
oganization. BY its own
choice 1t can remain q re-
luctant contemporary or it
can be come a creative part
ner in national policy.
At present there is a tragic
waste Of ability and leader
ship among members Of Con-
gress who have no adequate
scope to influence the pro-
cess Of legislation,
They should be among the
first to rally to the support
Of those who are trying to
improve Congress by making
it a more effective and re-
sponsive servant Of the ma
tional interest.
q 1868
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
Presidents Letter on Treaty Viewed
As Possible Aid to Diplomacy

planatory or at least setting
forth the view Of the United
States as a Signatory govern
ment. But because Of the
controversy over the extent
Of the reservations" the
treaty failed to win approval.
When President Harding.
who had campaigned against
the League of Nations. took
office, the Senate ratified a
new treaty emitting alto
gether the League of Nations
covenant.
The episode represented a
setback for international
purposes. and 1t may rightly
be specialized whether there
would have been a Second
World War if the United
States in the 1920s and 1930s
had worked closely with the
peoples Of Europe through
the League and economic
agencies Of cooperation.
Today there is an under
standable skepticism about
the scope and meaning Of
the treaty limiting nuclear
tests. President Kennedy
wisely took note of the doubts
and fears among members Of
the Senate and in the coun-
try generally by writing an
explicit letter presenting, in
effect, an interpretive res
ervation."
Lest the Presidents letter
be regarded as solely based
on the viewpoint Of the Ex-
ecutive branch Of the Gov
eminent, the idea Of adopt
ing a resolution formally &C
cepting or taking cognizance
of the Presidents explana-
ton Of the meaning and pur-
poses as well as limitations
Of the treaty could really
give added prestige to the
pact itself. 1t could have a
SOLDERING influence, too, on
those governments which
might otherwise be left to
conjecture as to the course
the United States might pur-
sue in the future. Any Joint
expression by the legislative
and executive branches of
the Government which is
formaliZed and given con-
spicuouS assent is bound to
be helpful hereafter in the
field Of diplomacy and nego-
tiations.
A resolution adopted now,
moreover, would be binding
upon any successor President
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
DAVID LAWRENCE

For all practical purposes
President Kennedy has put
on record the most impor-
tant reservation" to the
nuclear test-ban treaty that
has emerged from any
source. He formulated it in
a letter to the leaders Of
both parties in the Senate.
He gave his interpretations
and his positive assurances
on the safeguards that will
be maintained. All that is
needed now Is a formal reso-
luton of the Senate adopted
at any time-in advance of
ratification or even after
wards-taking official notice
of all the Presidents words
as an integral factor in the
process of ratification Of the
new treaty.
The United States Senate
is empowered to participate
in the act of ratification of
a treaty. The Constitution
says the President shall
have power, by and with the
advice and consent Of the
Senate, to make treaties,
provided two-thirdS of the
Senators present concur"
There Is no agreed-upon
formula, however, as to the
way by which the advice"
should be given before the
treaty is actually signed by
the executive branch of the
Government or even after
negotiations with other gov
ernments, but the Senate
from time to time has at
tached reservations" In the
case Of the treaty proposed
to the Senate in 1919 after
World War I by President
Wilson, a dispute arose as
to the kind of reservations"
that would be desirable. One
faction in the Senate spoke
in favor of reservations"
which would have required
further negotiations with
other signatorieS to be valid,
although this view was not
shared by the authors Of the
reservations" Mr.. Wilson,
however, considered them
multiplying" our participa-
ton in the League of Ma
tons.
Then came what were
known as interpretive res
ervations," and they were
advanced as requiring no
alteration of the words in
the treaty but as merely ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
Let's Keep Plain, Old A, B, c, D and F
Until Educators Find Better System

began m liking the chilling
discovery that their little
darlingS weren't learning
much even though the report
cards kept assuring them of
Good group acceptance"
Works well with others"
etc.
The fact is, of course, that
all normal kids glory In COM
petition. At recess time they
don't wander off by them
selves to commune with their
spirits. They rush into
games-games in which
somebody wins and som e.
body loses.
Look, Ma, ! can climb
higher than Billyl" much
more nearly expresses the
childish mind than any
academic gobbledygook about
"togetherness."
It is true, Of course, that
competition in the narrow
field Of grade-getting can be
overdone. The grinding "exa-
mems" which palsy the hands
of French kids are, undoubt-
edly, overemphasized. Russia
has brutal cut-offs where the
l2-year-old stares at test pa
pers that will either send
him to the lyceum and q
white-collar life, or toss him
into a factory as q bit Of
child labor under the eu-
phemism Of chronological
training"
And by attempting TO
judge hum q n potential by
the single standard Of acade-
mic quickness, these societies
may cost themselves m UGH
leadership.
The president Of q famous
eastern university recently
emarked that his school
now has such q huge waiting
list that he could fill an en-
tire freshman class with high
school valedictorians. But, he
added. In the list Of great
alumni who helped build his
university, he couldn't find
many valedictorians.
All such reflections are
cherished by the lazy and the
stupid. In college. how we
loved TO be thought Of as
"well-rounded." which meant
soaking up an inordinant
amount Of beer and listening
TO the baseball broadcast
while we should have been
wrestling with 5pinoza. We
pitied the "grinds" whom the
Delta Gamma housemother
never had to shove off the
front porch at midnight.
But the plain fact Is that,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Congress is still sweating staemate after eight
months What Congress needs is zp-zip CODE
White House foreign policy ode: sharper tongue there
never grew than that which wags in Mrs. Nhu
1t isn't so much what you know who you know-but
what you know about who you know.
The boy quintupets of Venezuela have bright future
All their has to do is them all Kennedy and ship
them north day to run the United States.
Traffic sign at school Watch out for the school
chldren-they may be driving cars.
Most new cars have safety belts. This Is the worst
blow to romance since bucket seats.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16

DR.. Calvin w. Taylor, pro-
lessor of psychology at the
University Of Utah, is hunt
ing for a better grading sys-
TEN for school and college
students.
The successful human
being is not merely a right
anSw r-giver. He has, in
varying degrees. such quail
ties as curiosity, flexibility,
initiative, imagination. origi-
nality and independence.
How, asks DR.. Taylor, can we
get q grade card that consid-
ers these precious virtues?
Here's little Willie. q bun
die Of rebellious end jittery
energy, impatient with rote
learning, inclined to day.
dream. and q scuffler In the
cafeteria line. And here's lit
tie Rollo. passive. timid and
meticulous. who rarely puts
down q wrong answer and Is
q jewel Of department.
Anyone with half an eye
can see that the world is
going to hear a lot more
from Willie than Rollo. VIII
lie will either head the
chamber Of commerce. lead a
devastating strike. become an
archbishop, or be hanged.
Out Of this truism, that
mere grades are no sure indi-
cation Of eventual capacity,
has come Q theory that
grades are worthless.
It got Q big boost during
the zaniest era Of progressive
education" when teachers
colleges were matchmaking
teachers with all kinds Of
goofy teaching gimmicks.
When the look-say method
Of reading began to turn UP
ageneration Of kids who
couldn't spell. 1t was natural
that the moguls Of education
who had pushed the method
should discount the impor-
lance Of grades on spelling
tests. Educators. like dicta-
tors, rarely admit error.
There was also the argu-
ment that grades made
children nervous. They In
troduced the pressure OF
competition, 80 the theory
maintained. upon children
of tender years and delicate
sensibilities. They induced
feelings Of inferiority and
insecurity. The solution:
Pass everybody.
But this approach was q
flop. With practically every
child being marked "satisfac-
tory" there was no incentive
TO excel. Nor was there any
thing TO prod the youngster
who, through laziness and In
attention. was working far
below his capacity.
All over America parents
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
Procedures Called Archaic, Complex;
Proposed Inquiry for Reforms Louded

At last there is some good
news from Congress. It does
not concern the fate of any
one bill, nor does 1t signify
any desire to pass President
Kennedy's legislative pro-
gram. But If Congress in
dorses the action of the Sen
ate Rules Committee, 1t will
have the chance for the first
time In many years to pass
considered Judgment on the
organization of the House and
Senate.
OF course, the proposed
inquiry falls far short Of
what many people have
wanted. But at least 1t is a
beginning, and is a timid and
tentative recognition Of the
widespread public disen-
chantment with the record
of Congress.
AS Senator Case Of New
Jersey has said, there is a
growing and justified feeling
that Congress has become
so enSnarled in its own ar
chiac and mplex proce-
dures that the Executive and
Judicial branches of govern
ment have had to take over
the primary responsibility for
the conduct of our Nations
business"
This developme nt has
brought Congress into grow
ing disrepute. A few m e n,
against heavy odds, have led
the lonely campaign for re-
form. Since the compulsions
Of tradition rest more starkly
on the Senate than on the
House of Representatives,
the greatest credit for carry
ing the burden of reform
should 90 to men like Sena-
tors Clark, Case, Monroney
and Douglas.
Their effort will be totally
misconceived unless it is seen
as a campaign to win new
respect and influence for
Congress in the development
of national policy.
An indispensable role In
the work Of Congress will al
ways be filled by the Demo-
Gratis with safe seats in the
South and Republicans with
safe seats in the Midwest.
Their experience Of national
problems, together with their
personal mastery Of the arts
of parliamentary life, will al
ways make them formidable
figures in committee and in
debate. But the time has
come to broaden the sources
of effective power in Con-
gress to include new men
and new interests.
That is the real meaning
of this inquiry into Congress
sional organization. Other In
vestigations will follow, and
slowly and cumulatively, as
these things are done in this
country, the work Of Con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16

gress will adjust itself to a
new age.
One is very unfair to Con-
gress in judging its perform
ance only by the amount Of
legislation which it has
passed. Sometimes its most
useful service takes the form
of rejecting hasty or redun-
dant or superficial proposals.
Congress is not always wrong
when 1t disagrees with the
Executive branch. 1t should
also be remembered that on
the most important issues of
all--the issues Of peace and
Security-CongreSs has usu-
ally ignored the paltry argu-
ments of partisan politics.
Yet with all goodwill, 1t is
impossible to feel a sense Of
satisfaction with Congress.
Its faults are greatest in
those very areas Of domestic
legislation where its special
competence S h ould be dis
played. For it seems to be
following a more casual
agenGS than the one which
holds the central attention of
the nation. The result can be
seen In a deplorable falling
off in respect for Congress as
an institution and for men,
bers Of Congress as individ-
uals.
This trend is important
because it has become visible
not among those who have
always sneered at Congress,
but among those who held
Congress in high regard and
are unable to do so now.
In Britain the most COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16

ADVERTISEMENT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
Kennedy's Reservation on Pact

Of the United States and
would take its place as a
formal document alongside
the treaty itself long after
Senate Foreign Relations
Committee reports, testimony,
or the statements made at
informal press conferences
may have been forgotten.
The Presidents letter to
Senators Mansfield and Dirk
sen might otherwise be re-
garded abroad as merely a
domestic expedient - as a
means Of assuring ratifica-
ton through bipartisan sup
port in the Senate. Actually
the letter, in summary, states
explicitly:
/. That nuclear testing I'M
foreground will be continued.
2. That this country will
take whatever steps are ne
cessary to safeguard ma
tional security in the event
that there should be an abro-
cation or violation Of any
treaty provision"
8. That this Government
retains the right to resume
atmospheric testing forth
with If the Soviet Union
should conduct tests in viola
ton Of the treaty"
4. That our facilities for
the detection Of possible vio-
lation of this treaty will be
expanded and improved as
required to increase our as
surance against clandestine
violations by Others"
5. That the treaty "in no
way limits the authority Of
the commander in-chief to
use nuclear weapons for the
defense of the United States
and its allies, If a situation
should develop requiring such
a grave decision"
6. That the United States
will take all necessary action
If Cuba is used either
directly or indirectly to cir
cumvent or nullify this
treaty"
Z. That this Government
will maintain strategic
forces fully ensuring that
this Nation will continue to
be in a position to destroy
any aggreSsor, even after
absorbing a first strike by
a surprise attack"
8. That the United States
will diligently pursue its
programs "for the further
development of nuclear ex-
plosiveS for peaceful pur-
poses" by tests underground
now and in the air when a
future treaty may permit it.
@ 1868, N. Y. Herald Tribune. Inc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16

SAN DIEGO, Calf. Sept. 10
(AP).-Ten years ago. a young
North Korean pilot detected to
the West in a Russian-built
MIG-15 and collected $780,
900 reward.
Komsok Ko - now 81 and
known as Kenneth Rowe-lives
in San Diego and said he no
longer fears Communist retail
iation.
Nov I have concluded that
once you get to America you
are pretty safe" he said. land
I don't know what kind Of
value they would get out Of
killing me. The damage Is
done"
Mr.. Rowe still puts on dark
glasses when he spots a pho
tographer, however. "For the
first few years ! moved around
the country quite q bit, and I
don't want to move again." he
said.
He lived in Washington,
Montana and Delaware before
moving to California.
Backs Mothers Citizenship
His self-imposed exile ended
Friday when he was introduced
in San Diego Superior Court
as the sponsor for his mother
in naturalization proceedings.
Mr.. Rowe's mother, Mrs. Vir-
ginia Rowe. So, formerly Sang
Kun Ko. was his only family
when he detected. She came to
the United States under an
Allen Hardship Bill" visa in
1857, as did her son two years
earlier.
IT became q citizen q year
ago In Seattle" Mr.. Rowe said.
II managed TO avoid publicity
at that time.
Mr. Rowe has lived in San
Diego for q year, has three
children since his marriage in
this country, and Is employed
at General Dynamics- astronau-
tics engineer. He declined to
elaborate on his wife and
children.
Unware of Reward
Mr.. Rowe was reluctant in
discussing his reward, but he
said:
Believe II or not, I did not
have knowledge that America
had offered any such reward.
The first ! heard Of 1t was
at q press meeting when some
reporter asked what / was
going to do with the money"
Leaflets had been dropped
by the United States offering
100000 TO the first pilot who
delivered q MIG to the West.
Mr.. Rowe said he invested
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
Big Brazilian Fire
Now Burned Out

CURTTBA, Brazil, Sept. le
(AP).-The brush and forest
fires that spread ruin and
death in the once-rich timber
and coffee state Of Parana in
southern Brazil had all but
burned themselves out today.
Officials said the damage to
timber. crops and farm land
was yet incalculable. One third
Of this producing area was
burned out.
In their march across pine
forests, coffee plantations and
other farms. the fires have
taken at least 1886 lives, injured
several thousand persons and
left an estimated $4,000 rural
residents homeless. officials es-
timated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
JENKIN LLOYD JONES
Best Way to Grade Pupils

whatever the shortcomings
Of grades, they are q long
way from being meaningless.
There is a far higher per-
centage of humping sue
cesSes among Phi Beta Kap-
pas than among non-Phi
Betes. And while many q
high horsepower brain lacks
either the incentive or the
persistence to rack UP top
grades, there Is no sound
brain that cannot, with a
little self-discipline, turn in
a satisfactory school record.
Some day. perhaps, we will
reach q point in the art Of
mental testing where we can
achieve DR.. Taylor's dream
Of q report card that weighs
in with grades such ephem-
eral qualities as personality
and attitudes.
A lot Of psychological
placement tests are still pref
ty crazy, for the art is young.
But they viii improve with
experience. and as the char
latans are unmasked.
We may see q time when
delicate instruments gently
attached to the skull can give
brain-wave readings that will
actually register some de-
grees Of mental capacity.
But until that day, let's
preserve the grades-plain,
old, objective A, B. C. D and
F grades. These are not gods
or goals. But they are useful
goads. They increase the
pace Of the walkers and they
m Ike the runners run.
Grades. taken with Q little
sense of humor. are good for
our children.
g 1888
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16

FOR MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION AND SCHOOL REGISTRATION
office will open until PM today and tomorrow and during R
ous Saturday and Sunday from $3.50 1890
Phone EN-. 2.7l00
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
Wheeler in Finland

HELSNKI, Finland, Sept.
16 (AP). - Gen. Earle O..
Wheeler, United States Army
Chief of Staff, arrived here
yesterday for a week-long stay.
He is scheduled to visit sew
eral military training camps
and schools.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
PILOT WON REWARD
Defector to u. S. Lives
Happily in San Diego

his money safoly In blue chip
securities and has not touched
his capital.
Il put myself Through COL
lege on the East Coast on the
returns.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16

The signed columns on these pages, like the
cartoon beloO, intended to present Star readers
10tth Utde range of opinions issues of the day,
including opinions Which conflict NTH our oDn.
The Stars vtetOs are expressed In its editorials
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-16
What time Is H..
right noW7

II you can't look at your watch
and be sure let Us look at
your watch and give II the re-
liable Burk Cure .. Wen clean,
adjust, repair and you'll get q
full years unconditional guaran-
tee, including breakage. NOW
you know what time IL Is /.
time to have your watch fixed
Estimate free while you wait.
store. @lo6i
Next 10 First Federal. Our only
Ernest Burk, Inc, 6l4 18th St.
NV, between r and q SITS.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-31
JACOB FORCED INTO A
WRESTLING MATCH AT
THE JABBOK:

With Jacobs family across
the Jabbok, ] a OBJ found
himself alone. This is the way
he wanted to be. According
to our lesson text, a man
wrestled with Jacob until day.
break. This was an unexpect-
ed ordeal for Jacob. However
Jacob gives all evidence OF
being able to hold his own in
this wrestling match, for when
the man saw that he could
not overcome Jacob he touch
ed the hollow of his thigh; and
Jacobs thigh was put out OF
joint as he wrestled with him.
This infliction almost put Jac-
OBJ out of commission. It made
Jacob lame and weak and NO
doubt produced great pain. AL
though hurt, Jacob was able
to cling on to his opponent
like a vine to a wall. This
man then had to beg Jacob to
let him go because day was
breaking. To this Jacob re-
piled, Il will not let you 60,
unless you bless me-" This
W h o Il e experience through
which Jacob was now passing
was a spiritual one. He
thought the great struggle was
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-31

Curtisene Allen, Murtis Jean
Anderson and Eunice Boone.
visited Mrs. Beatrice McDon-
aid in Collins, Miss. Mrs. Nc
Donald is Mr.. Williams sis
ter.
The Mississippi enterprise., 1963-08-31

the Lord touched the hollow
of his thigh and dislocated his
hip, then Jacob surrendered.
In part of the struggle God
Triumphed over Jacob. 1t was
then that Jacob wrestled with
the Lord and prevailed, and
he received the blessing he
desired.