davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Kennedy View

With this background and q
continuation Of rather emotional
reports coming out Of Saigon, 1t
was not surprising that one Of the
first questions put to President
Kennedy ct his news conference
Thursday afternoon was this one:
mr.. President. In view Of the
prevailing confusion, could you
is It possible to state today lust
what this Governments policy is
toward the current government Of
South Wet Nam?"
The President, who fielded four
additional questions on Wet Nam.
responded In broad terms, saying:
IF 1t helps TO win the war
against the Communist Wet Cong
guerrillas), we support. What in
terferes with the war effort, we
oppose.
We've got q very simple policy
-. we want the war to be won,
the Communists to be contained
and the Americans to go home -
The dilemma for the White
House revolves around this adj
ministration estimate Of the situa-
ton:
The Diem regime has lost the
support Of its people and II II does
not regain It the war cannot be
won. On the other harC, II the
regime were overturned or y move
were made to do so, there would
be the danger Of o civil war. the
collapse Of the combat organiza-
tions fighting the gllerriIlas and
Q possible seizure Of power BY q
Communist or neutralist group.
What Mr.. Kennedy said--and
didn't say-on Thursday indi-
Gated to some observers that
United States pressures on Mr..
Diem were going to increase. At
one point, the President told a
reporter: II don't think it de-
sirable TO state all our views at
this time. y. I think they'll be
made more clear as time goes on
Mr.. Kennedy declined to an
swer . question which appeared
to be aimed at his thoughts on
whether Mr.. Nhu should be fired.
But his reference 10 the attitude
Of Ambassador Lodge, appeared to
be significant. Mr.. Kennedy said:
ANY statement that I've made
expressing concern, about the sit
uation there reflects his view and
It reflects It In q very moderate
way" =
Il has been widely reported
that q group Of high-level State
Department officials are urging
cut IN American financial aid
to the Diem regime as form OF
pressure for reforms. On Thurs
day. this feeling was also demon
strated on Capitol Hill. Led by
Senator Church, Democrat Of
Idaho, 70 Senators introduced a
resolution calling for an end TO
all economic and military aid TO
the Saigon government and the
withdrawal Of American forces
ESTIMATED ct $4,000 men) unless
It halts its policies Of repres-
sion"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Malaysia,
MoIoise II I

U. N. Secretaa v General II
Ihant reported .gesterday that
the people Of Nor III Borneo ana
Sarawak want r. join Malaysia.
A new anti-Co nmunist fedora
ton, comprising the former Brit
ish colonies Of M alaya. Singapore,
North Borneo and earawak,
comes into beit lg tomorrow, the
last obstacle to its formation hav-
ing been overco me.
- This obstacle concerned the de-
gree Of popula + support for the
federation. ca lied Malaysia, In
North Borneo and Sarawak. In
donesia and q ie Philippines. both
OF whom oppt Use the new fedora
ton. had dl lmanded that the
United Natio rs poll opinion in
the two terri tories before Malay
sia was forr led. Great Britain,
Malaysia and Singapore, as q
gesture Of good will to Jakarta
and Manila. agreed.
Yesterday the U. MS u Thaht
made his n port, based upon the
findings OF his nine-Inan on-the-
spot investI eating team. He said:
i have come TO the conclu-
sion that the majority OF the
peoples OF Sabah North Borneo)
and Sarasb Yak have given serious
ana thoug htful consideration y.
TO the Implications for them Of
participant ion In q federation Of
Malaysia tand) there Is no
doubt alb put the wishes Of a sig
able ma! brity Of the peoples of
these territories to join In the
federatic i" .
The Few federation, which win
form a sl.5O0-mile crescent shaped
nation ri 10 million persons fac
ing ths South China Sea, NAV
be IN t3r q stormy birth. Indo-
neSia md the Philippines have
reporte aly criticized Mr.. Thant's
report saying that they do not
recogu lse its finding, although
they had earlier promised to
do So
VIII At they can. and will, do
about 1t remains TO be seen. IN
donef aa's military chief Of staff
receu tly admitted that his coun-
try klas trained thousands Of per-
song in Sarawak as guerrillas.
~ is clear that the malaise
ovei 7 Malaysia has not ended.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Wallace Role

The towering exception to re-
sponsible Southern leadership in
school affairs this fall has been q
diminutive. unhappy politician
named George Corley Wallace.
As Governor Of Alabama, he al
ready had known the force Of Fed
eral might. Three months ago the
pint sized Governor physically
blocked the admission Of two Me-
groes to the University of Ala
bama, but stepped aside as Presi-
dent Kennedy federalized the Ala
bama National Guard.
Observers were freely predicting
this would happen again, and it
did. After week Of shutting
State troopers among four cities IN
( Alabama to bar planned integra-
ton Huntsville. Mobile. Mont
gomery and Tuskegee), the Gov
ernor ran into trouble.
A court order brought by the
National Association for the Adj
vancement Of Colored People
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Jackson Lukeworm

On Friday. the administration
cot help from welcome source.
Senator jackson, Democrat of
Washington. who probably knows
more about nuclear weapons than
any other Senator. Endorsed the
treaty. albeit unenthusiastically.
The Senator pointed out in de-
tail the risks we run under the
pact. which he called a loose
commitment" rather than a
treaty. and reminded the Presi-
dent Of his promised guarantees
to keep the Nation strong and
alert. He concluded by saying he
found the risks to be "tolerable."
Senators Strom Thurmond.
Democrat of South Carolina, and
Barry Goldwater, Republican of
rizona, led the opponents In the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Sino-Soviet:
Friction

The Soviet Union last week
busted the Chinese crew and
passengers on q Picking Moscow
train on charges they tried To-
srnnggIe in anti Russian propa-
ganda.
The rift between the Soviet
Union and Red China, which
Picking admits Is near the break
in relations point, may be said to
the most serious one which has
ever faced the Communist world.
But serious as it might be, the
dispute between the erstwhile
fraternal partners is not without
some humorous aspects for the
free world. An event last week.
while undoubtedly unfunny In the
extreme to the Soviet citizens In. 1
volved. illustrates. 4
The Chinese crew and passen-
gers aboard q Peking-to-Mosco
train were detained at the Rus
siam Monaghan border while So :
Wet customs men made an ip.-
spection. Bundles Of -Russip n
propaganda were seized.
This did not set well with sf;he
Chinese who proceeded to bock
Soviet border and custom offir ials
in the train. The Chinese then
staged q sitdown strike jh1 the
station. demanding q return Of
their literature. Perhaps taking a
cue from Negro demonstrations in
America, they held harlds and
blocked the entrance CDf office
buildings.
But that was not all. the Soviet
news agency lass re ported In
panied tones. Before the eyes Of
indignant passengers 1.-THE Chin
ese). outrageously Vi olated ele-
mentary demands fbf sanitary
hygiene on the static h premises"
1t asserted.
The Chinese are lblown to be
past masters at ha EASEMENT. II
would appear that iaie Russians
are going to have to- count 10 10
a good many times IN the weeks
and months ahead III they are not
to be provoked into IA clear break
in relations with Pei ling.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Hits Critics

In q speech at the Belgrade
conference, q speech which was
warmly applauded by the dele
gates, Mrs. Nhu struck out In her
free-swinging fashion at all her
enemies, real and imagined.
She said that her country's
troubles were the result of q plot
by six men In Saigon against her
brother-in-law's regime and
against Mr.. Kennedy. She blasted
news reports ernanating from
South Wet Nam as absolutely
horrible. and indicated that one
Of the "plotters" was a New York
Times man. ~
Mrs. Nhu lunched with Senator
Kennedy, brother of the Presi-
dent. IN the Yugoslav capitol on
Friday. The Senator, who also
is attending the conference, re-
ported that she discussed at
length her side Of the picture"
Another member OF President
Diem's family was abroad last
week. His brother. the Archbishop
Of Hue. Ngo Dinh THUG. went
to Rome. apparently to confer
with Pope Paul. But the Vatican
cancelled an audience without ex-
PLANTATION and the Archbishop flew
to New York City on Wednes-
day. There he lunched with Bish-
op Fulton j. Sheen. He will re-
turn TO Rome via Paris. He said
he expects to talk with the Pope
at that time.
While he was in Rome, the
Archbishop, the ranking Roman
Catholic prelate in South Wet
Nam, was told by the Pope to
cease his talk about the political
situation in his country. When
he got to New York, however, he
was interviewed by reporters and
stoutly defended his brothers re-
gime.
Meanwhile, In South Wet Nam
the demonstrations BY Students
primarily those Of high school age
continued. There we're mass ar
rests by government troops and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
The WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
Wet Nam PoIicy:Wi the War

first week Of debate. Senator
Thurmond said the treaty would
put In jeopardy our ability TO
save the lives Of q large per-
centage Of the American public
while Senator Goldwater charged
that foes Of the treaty are not
getting g real hearing.
The President used his news
conference. as he often does to
push his policies and projects, to
reach the national radio and tele-
vision audience with another plea
for the treaty.
He cited four promises Of the
pact: No more radioactive falIout:
q curb In the spread Of nuclear
weapons to other countries. there
BY aiding peace: q slowing down
Of the nuclear arms race, and an
important foundation upon which
q world Of law could be built.
The prospects remained that
after perhaps one more week OF
debate the Senate will ratify, with
fewer than 20 votes in opposition.
Senate Majority Leader Mansfield
may try for q vote by Thursday
so Mr.. Kennedy can address the
u. N. General Assembly on Friday
morning with the victory in his
pocket. ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Test Ban:
Debate Is On

Senate debate ON ratification
Of the partial nucIear test ban
treaty opened last week.
Perhaps it was because there
was really nothing to say that had
not already been said q dozen or
more times, during the three
weeks Of hearings by the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee and
In speeches in every section Of the
country by proponents and OPP
ponents.
Whatever it was, the Great De-
bate" in the United States Senate
over whether to ratify the partial
nuclear test ban treaty originally
signed by the United States, Great
Britain and the Soviet Union early
last month has hardly been
great" It hasn't even been much
Of . debate"
The treaty was taken up on the
floor for the first time on Nom
day and for two days there were
only a sprinkling of Senator's
present at any one time. Nor
were the galleries filled as they
usually are when great issues are
being decided.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
B0n0nOs Again

He also chung to the persecu-
ton theme. "Is this being done
because 1t has been announced
that ! might participate in some
Of the presidential primaries?" he
asked.
When We come around to jail
ing political opponents. We win
have taken another long step
toward q military Dictatorship,
and we have several examples Of
these in the banana republics of
Central and South America"
Wallace was wrong again. He
Continued ON Page c.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15

and signed by all five Federal
District judges in Alabama pro-
hibited Mr.. Wallace and State
troopers from any further In
terfering with desegregation.
The Governor then had his
troopers Withdrawn from school
grounds and ordered National
Guardsmen to replace them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15
Dkksen's Stand

Interest picked up some on
"Wednesday when Senator Dirk
sen. the Republican leader, rose
TO read a letter from President
Kennedy, which he had suggested,
and to announce TO his colleagues
his reasons for supporting the
treaty.
The President reiterated in his
letter his promise to pursue q
vigorous weapons development
program, to maintain q readiness
to test in the atmosphere again
If the Russians should violate the
pact, to continue underground
testing and to improve our detec-
ton capabilities.
I Mr.. Kennedy also addressed
himself TO two suggested ..reserya-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15

police. But Mr.. Diem promised
to end martial law tomorrow.
The fighting against the Wet
Cong also continued. partic-
ularly in the South. Each side
claimed victories. It appeared,
however. that the Communists
suffered the greater overall losses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15

day said our policy In South
Wet Nam Is simply 70 win the
war. Meanwhile, student DEM
onstrations and arrests con-
tinued there as United States
pressure on President Diem 20
drop his controversial brother
as his top adviser continued.
United States policy toward the
internal dissension In South Wet
Nam over the repressive meas
ures Of the Ngo Dinh Diem re-
gime has been far from clear.
At one point 1t appeared that
we were trying to goad the South
Wet Nam army into staging a
coup d'etat. At another. it looked
as though we were ready to settle
for the removal of Ngo Dinh Nhu,
the Presidents brother, and his
sharp-tongued wife from their
positions Of influence in Saigon.
When the Mus struck back
and Mr.. Diem gave no indica-
ton he would disrupt the family
oligarchy, Washington adopted
what might be called q rock
and-roll" policy. q decision to rock
and roll along with the regime as
constituted lest q civil war ensue
in which we could not guarantee
the outcome.
But last week, news reports
quoting Q high American official
said that Ambassador Lodge had
made 1t plain to Mr.. Diem that
the United States wanted Mr.
and Mrs. Nhu ousted and sent
abroad to live. A later clarifica-
ton BY the State Department
made the point that Mr.. Lodge
had not given Mr.. Diem an
ultimatum.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-15

relaxing bit now that Mrs. Nhu,
whose fiery personality and con-
tempt for what she calls the $50
called Buddhists" has added to the
controversy. Is abroad. She went
to Yiigoslavia last week to attend
q conference Of the 61-nation In
terparliamentary Union. She plans
q visit to Paris and may come to
the United States.
Evening star., 1963-01-23
New Council Revives
Damascus Rezonino

Democratic council agreed with
the technical staff.
In yesterdays action, the
council filed It's own petition
rather than risk a court appeal
oy merely reopening delibera-
ton on the original petition.
In other action, the council
agreed TO study and comment
on the first phase OF a mass
transit plan for the county-a
rapid-transit system along the
Baltimore a. Ohio tracks. end
ing at Woodside.
They baked. however, at a
request from C. Darwin Stolzen-
bach. administrator OF the Ma
tional Capital Transportation
Agency. for an evaluation Of
the entire transit plan. The
council said the details OF the
plan were not released until
last week and II needs more
time for study.
The council also discussed
the possibility Of issuing special
county license tags. but made
no firm decision. Mr.. Butcher
said this was one OF the fund
raising ideas discussed by repre-
sentatives Of urban counties and
Baltimore City on Monday.
He said the license tags,
probably priced at SIS. could be
used TO pay for street lighting,
causing some reduction in the
suburban regional tax rate.
Evening star., 1963-01-23
BY WILLIAM DUKE
star staff Writer

A controversial Damascus re-
zoning petition, which had been
denied by the former Demo-
cratic Montgomery County
Council, will be reconsidered BY
its Republican successor.
The decision was made
yesterday as the council filed
It's own application TO reopen
the case which involves the zon-
ing OF lat acres OF residential
land 10 the commercial cate
CORY.
The case took on added sig
nificance last week at a public
hearing on the proposed
general plan for the county
e. Brooke Lee. former county
Democratic leader. called the
petition an example Of how
professional planners can keep
an area from CROWN.
During the first rezoning Pc
tition. the technical staff OF
the Maryland-National Capt.
tai Park and Planning Com
mission said the rezonine
should be denied because the
Damascus area has no public
sewer and is designated for
light development under the
proposed general plan. The
Evening star., 1963-01-23

Tawes and is believed to have
q good chance of passing the
rural-controlled Senate.
Only Maryland and Georgia
have the unit system of voting
in primaries and Georgia's sys-
tenn has been ruled tnconstitu-
tional in a case that is now
before the Supreme Court on
appeal.
The Maryland system as
signs unit votes to the coun-
ties and Baltimore City's six
legislative districts in proper
ton to their representation in
the General Assembly. The
General Assembly has been
controlled by the rural coun-
ties ever since the unit rule
was established in 1910.
Turned Down in Past
Until this year, attempts to
tamper with the unit rule have
never survived General AS
sembly committees, let alone
pass one Of the houses.
But this time. 1t passed the
House Of Delegates without q
murmur. The vote was 1929
Eight Of the votes against II
came from the rural Eastern
Shore and the other from
Delegate c. Maurice Weide-
meyer: Democrat of Anne
Arundel.
The House Of Delegates also
approved a bill yesterday re-
quiring that candidates for
Statewide Offices file copies OF
their campaign expense reports
with the Secretary Of State
They now may be filed In CIR
cult courts and the total spent
by a candidate is often not
readily available.
Amendment Is Proposed
In other legislative action,
the House Judiciary Commit
tee rejected a proposed consti-
tutional amendment which
would have restricted juries in
Evening star., 1963-01-23

County Supervisors that he had
filed suit in Fairfax Circuit
Court to bar county approval
Of a subdivision plat embracing
the school site.
The affected subdivision is
Riverside Gardens, which in
cludes the 13-acre parcel that
is the focal point of the school,
site debate. Construction has
started on the school, although
a deed granting ownership to
the county has not yet been
recorded for the property.
Supervisor A. Claiborne
Leigh today renewed his attack
on the propriety OF proceeding
with construction without a
deed to the full site, although
the school board was assured
at its meeting last night that
it has nothing to worry about,
1t was Mr.. Leigh who first
opened the issue.
Called Ridiculous"
Declaring it was IAN abSo-
lutely ridiculous manner in
which TO operate" Mr.. Leigh
called for closer corporation
between the school admins
tration and the county on
school construction.
He asserted also: This is
an example Of extraordinarily
inefficient administrative work
in q very important area and
an indication of why we didn't
have faith in the old school
board"
Late last year, as the climax
to q long -simmering feud over
supervision of school construc-
ton, the supervisors replaced
five members Of the seven
member school board.
John c. Wood, Mayor oi
Fairfax City and member Of the
law firm representing the
school board in the purchase OF
land for the new high school
took sharp issue with Mr.
Leigh's remarks.
AS Mr.. Leigh finished, Mayor
Wood jumped to his feet and
declared, II want to say right
here and now that I am shocked
by your statements"
Evening star., 1963-01-23

criminal cases. The proposal
was to allow the juries to judge
only the facts of a case,
whereas they now Judge the law
applicable to the crime as well.
Proponents Of the legislation
claimed that juries are not
qualified to interpret the laws
and that this should be left
to the judge. Maryland and
Indiana are the only two States
which let juries decide che
facts and the law.
Gas Firm Asks Storage Law
The Washington Gas Light Co.
tried again last night to get
its big Prince Georges under
ground storage project started.
The company needs to get
I
legislation through the General
Assembly before it can under
take the $40 million project.
Officials Of the firm wined
and dined Prince Georges
County lawmakers and in an
after-dinner session, explained
their plans to members of the
delegation, most Of whom are
new to the General Assembly.
But there was one old hand
present. State Senator H. VIM
ship Wheatley. who killed the
gas company's plans two years
ago. And Senator Wheatley
isn't talking so far on how he
stands this year.
The firm needs legislation
giving 1t the right to condemn
property for the underground
storage facility. 1t has been
able to negotiate with most Of
the property owners involved.
but a few won't sell their
property.
The company proposes to
pipe natural gas 800 feet un-
derground and store 1t there
In a natural dome.
Evening star., 1963-01-23

The attorney charged that
most of the "facts" cited by Mr..
Leigh were wrong.
Earlier, board members had
voted not to hear an appeal
from neighbors of the River
side subdivision who opposed
development plans that would
be included in approval Of the
plat.
The board also tabled further
action on the issue relating to
purchase of the school land for
further discussion at a joint
meeting Of the supervisors and
the school board February 6.
An attorney last night as
sured the School Board there
is mo risk whatsoever" that
title might not be gained the
entire site of the school.
John c. Testerman, acting for
the board in the purchase Of
land for the Fort Hunt High
School was asked for clarifi-
cation on the status Of the
site.
Two days ago, the attorney
confirmed that the deed for the
tract had not been recorded.
Mr.. Testerman told the school
board last night that binding
contracts with the tracts
owner, Clarence w. Gosnell,
Inc, Of Alexandria, assure the
school board of ownership of
the tract once the plat for the
subdivision Of which 1t is q part
receives county approval.
Could Enforce Right
The school attorney asserted
the school board could enforce
its right to the title even II
outside parties should place any
lien on the land.
In another development, the
board voted to join the county
supervisors in an intervening
suit designed to block construc-
ton of q 48 million gallon
storage depot for oil in Fairfax
County, across Little River
turnpike from w. T. Woodson
High School.
Evening star., 1963-01-23
Bill to End Unit System
Advances in Maryland
By a star staff Writer

ANNAPOLIS JAN 23.-A bill to abolish Marylands unit
system Of voting party primaries sent to the State
Senate today after being approved Overwhelmingly by the
House of Delegates
The measure which would end rural dominance in selecting
candidates for offices has the backing OF Gov
Evening star., 1963-01-23
New Legal Snog Arises
On Fort Hunt School

legal development involving the Fort Hunt High
School site turned up today Fairfax officials continued
debate the wisdom of starting construction before recording
q deed
Attorney John K Laly representing the Stratford Shop
ping Center Elizabeth Elliott notified the Board Of