davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Navajo times., 1963-02-07
By KARL K. KRUGER


Up in the ancient pines high on
the sunny mesa where few men have
ever walked and none has swung an
ak. young lumberjacks in tin hats
are now cutting $50, 600 board feet
a day.
With their own personal might
vastly extended by power saws,
power shdders, power leaders,
power everything, these tough tim
bermen ''fell and limb" a ten story
tree in five minutes, buck it into
16-foot lengths in another three or
four. load it on log truck and pup
in less time than this telling takes,
and send it shaking down the canyon
road to the log yard
There a giant iron Lumber Jack
with 2O-foot arms playfully picks
up the whole load and, so to speak.
stuffs it in the top end of the saw
mill. Now. as more young men in
tin hats throw switches, the band
mill whines, the planer groans, the
kiln fires thunder, and ou at the
bottom flows a yellow river of new
pine boards--straight, clea an,
pungemt. the finest Ponderosa any
where--15O, 600 board feet day.
Is this Weyerhaeuser opera
tion, this model of numbering, this
ulti m ate in saWmills 2--or is it
perhaps the pride Of Georgia.
Pacific or of Long-Bell or of some
other tall name in the world of
timber2
No, sir, not at all, none of these.
"The People" own this thing lock.
stock. and barrel: forest, road, and
mill. The People," in this case,
are the Navajos of the u. S. South
west, the handsome, virile. growing
tribe of American Indi ans which
has dwelt meagerly amid the sands
and sage and monumental geology
of this region for five, seven,
maybe ten centuries and which now,
with 80. 900 men, women. and child
rem. is the largest of U. S. Indian
tribes. Navajo. if you don't know.
means people.
Yes, on their tribal lands high
on mountain and mesa where the
rains come often enough, the Nava-
jos have a great treasure of timber
lone of the largest stands of Pom
derosa pine in the world.
And now as their own boys 60 up
into their own forests and bring
their own logs down to their own
mill and there convert them with
their own machines into Number
One Clear Ponderosa proudly
branded Navajo Pine" and send
it to the open world market in the
firm expectation of making a
business profit--well. when this
happens new day has dawned in
Navajoland. And it has.
The Navajo, for whom so many
have tried to do so much for so
many different reasons for so long
a time. is doing this thing--this
big thing--for himself.
Standing with the Navajo as he
greets this new day and sharing his
happiness are his many good
anglo" friends in government. in
industry. in educ alton, in the press,
and in other segments of society
who have helped and advised him
and who applauded his decision to
take the plunge and put y million
dollars on the line for business
enterprise his tribe would both own
and operate. The new sawmill.
"The Navajos are learning faster
than any other minority group in
the u. S. A." says one of those
friends. Reino Sarlin by name. MIR.
Sarlin is Forest Supervisor for the
Bureau of Indi an Affairs, in Nava-
ioland. and it was he, actually. who
Evening star., 1963-05-24
Clean Potomac
Group Elects

DR.. Stanton ]. Ware was
elected president Of the Citi-
zens Council for q Clean Poto-
mac at the groups annual
meeting yesterday.
The group was urged by Carl
J. johnson, executive director
Of the Interstate Commission
on the Potomac River Basin, to
generate public opinion in sup
port Of measures to control soil
erosion which creates the silt
problem in the river.
Other officers elected at the
meeting were George Allen, vice
chairman; Mrs. Laurence M
Andrews, executive secretary
and Robert Harrigan, treasurer
Evening star., 1963-05-24

attendance lists of meetings,
specializing in much the same
fashion land with even less
success) as the Kremlinologists
who study the reviewing stand
at the Russian May Day Pa
rade or analyze which Soviet
officials sat where at the OPEN
ing of the Moscow ballet.
Yet, in truth, attendance at
a White House meeting is not
necessarily a matter of logic,
Protocol, personal relations
and the nature of the forum
may all affect the list.
Some basic foreign policy is
Evening star., 1963-05-24
By THEODORE c. sORENsEN

special counsel 10 the PRESIDENT
The Constitution provides in
Article II, Section 2 that the
President may require the
opinion in writing of the prin-
cipal officer in each of the
Executive Departments upon
any subject relating to the
duties of their respective Of
fices
But it does not prevent him
from requiring their opinion
orally, as the present incum-
bent frequently prefers in the
early stages of decision. 1t does
not prevent him from obtain
ing a Cabinet members opin-
Aog1 on subjects not relating to
his respective office - if a
Secretary of Defense has a
Business background, for ex-
ample, that would be helpful
IN a dispute with the steel
Industry; or If a Secretary Of
the Treasury has experience
in foreign affairs. Nor is the
President prevented from seek
Ang the opinions of those who
are not principal officers of the
Executive Departments.
In short, each President
must determine for himself
how best to elicit and assess
the advice of his advisers.
Organized meetings of the
Cabinet and National Security
Council, for example - have
certain indispensable advant-
ages, not the least of which are
the increased public confidence
inspired by order and regular
Aty and the increased esprit
de corps of the participants.
Presides at Meetings
President Kennedy - whose
nature and schedule would
otherwise turn him away from
meetings for the sake of meet
1ng-has sometimes presided
over sessions of the full Cabi-
net and National Security
Council held primarily for
these two reasons. Regularly
scheduled meetings can also
serve to keep open the chan
nels of communication. This is
the primary purpose, for ex-
ample, Of the Presidents week.
ly breakfast with his party's
legislative leaders.
But there are other impor-
tant advantages to meetings.
The interaction of many minds
is usually more Illuminating
than the intuition Of one. In a
Evening star., 1963-05-24

and to reserve crucial decisions
for a still smaller session or
for solitary contemplation in
his own office.
The difficulty with small
meetings, however. is that, in
Washington, nearly everyone
likes to feel that he, too, con-
ferred and concurred. For years
agencies and individuals all
over town have felt affronted
If not invited to a National
Security Council session.
The press leaps to conclus-
ions as to who is in favor and
who is not by scanning the
Evening star., 1963-05-24

LECTURES OF GVtuHlpiu ONNeFsIys
which ore being published os book
by the Columbia University Press
meeting representing different
departments and diverse points
of view. there is a greater like
lihood of hearing alternatives,
Of exposing errors and of chal-
lenging assumptions.
1t is true in the White
House, as in the Congress, that
fewer votes are changed by
open debate than by quiet ne
gotiation among the debaters.
But in the White House, unlike
the Congress, only one mans
vote is decisive-and thorough
and thoughtful debate before
he has made up his mind can
assist him in that task.
The Cuban Incident
That meetings can some
times be useful was proven by
the deliberations of the Ma
tional Security Councils
executive committee after last
October's discovery of offensive
weapons in Cuba. The un-
precedented nature of the Sov-
let move, the manner in which
it cut across so many depart
mental Jurisdictions, the linn
tied amount of information
available, and the security re-
strictions which inhibited staff
work, all tended to have a lev
Ielling effect on the principals
taking part in these discus
sions-so that each felt free to
challenge the assumptions and
assertions of all others.
Everyone in that group
altered his views as the give
and take talk continued. Ev-
cry solution or combination Of
solutions was coldly examined.
and its disadvantages weighed.
The fact that we started out
with a sharp divergence of
views, the President has said,
was very valuable" in ham,
mering out a policy.
Candid Discussion Vital
In such meetings, a Presi-
dent must carefully weigh his
own words. Should he hint too
early in the proceedings at the
direction of his own thought,
the weight of his authority,
the loyalty of his advisers and
their desire to be on the win
ming side" may shut off pro-
ductive debate.
Indeed, his very presence
may inhibit candid discussion.
President Truman, / am told,
absented himself for this rea-
son from some of the National
Security Council discussions on
the Berlin blockade; and Pres
ident Kennedy, learning on his
return from a mid-week trip
last October that the delibera-
tions of the NSC Executive
Committee over Cuba had been
more spirited and frank in his
absence, asked the committee
to hold other preliminary ses-
sions without him.
But no Presidential least
none with his cast of mind and
concept of office-could stay
out of the fray completely un-
Evening star., 1963-05-24

sue, for example, may be large
ly decided before it comes to
the National Security Council
by the appointment of a key
or by the Presidents
at a press conference,
or by the funds allocated in
the Budget. Yet personnel,
press conference and budget
advice is generally given in
meetings outside the N.S.C.
Tomorrow: The Experts.)
copyright, 1853, Columbia
University Press)
Evening star., 1963-05-24


and a collective decision
reached. For group recommen-
dations too often put a pre-
MUM on consensus in place of
content, on unanimity in place
of precision, on compromise in
place of creativity.
Even more severe limitations
arise when a decision must be
communicated, in a document
or speech or diplomatic note.
For group authorship is rarely.
IL ever, successful. A certain
continuity and precision of
style, and unity of argument,
must be carefully drafted, par
ticularly in a public commune
cation that will be read or
heard by many diverse audi
ences.
Its key principles and
phrases can be debated. out
lined and later reviewed by a
committee; but basically au-
thorship depends on one man
alone with his typewriter or
pen. Had the Gettysburg ad-
dress been written by al
committee, its 10 sentences
would surely have been hedged
and the world would, indeed,
have little noted or long re-
membered what was said
there.)
Psychology Factor
Moreover, even spirited de-
bates can be sitting as well as
stimulating. The homely. the
simple or the safe may sound
far more plausible to the weary
ear in the Cabinet room than
it would look to the careful
eye in the office. The most
formidable debater is not nec-
esSarily the most informed;
and the most reticent may
sometimes be the wisest.
Even the most distinguished
and fortnight adviser is usual |
ly reluctant to stand alone. If
he fears his persistence in a
meeting will earn him the dis
appreciation of his colleagues,
a rebuff by the President or Gin
case of a "leakD the outrage
of the Congress, press or pub
lie, he may quickly seek the
safety of greater numbers.
Still others may address
themselves more to their image
than to the issues. The liberal
may seek to impress his col
leagues with his caution;
idealists may try to sound
tough-minded. I have attended
more than one meeting where
a military solution was op-
posed by military minds and
supported by those generally
known as ace-lovers.
Meetings Vary
The quality of White House
meetings also varies with the
number and identity Of those
attending. Large meetings are
less likely to keep secrets-too
many Washington officials en-
JOY talking knowingly at social
events or to the press or to
their friends. Large meetings
are also q less flexible instru-
ment for action, less likely to
produce a meaningful consen-
sus or a frank, hard-hitting
debate.
President Kennedy prefers to
invite only those whose official
views he requires or whose un-
official judgment he values
Evening star., 1963-05-24
THE PRESIDENT DECIDES
Advice Needs ASSESSING

This is the sixth Of eight articles by
Mr.. Sorensen, President Kennedy's
top White House ossistont. The
ortieles ore bosed on his Speronzo
Lectures ot Columbia University,
which ore being published os o book
by the Columbia University Press
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19

such poppycock," he
Stormed. THE trouble is, we
got three times as many appli-
cations as we could possibly
need. The ones who were
turned down are writing to
everyone in the world. gripping"
On Wednesday, Miss Bene-
detti and her disappointed girl
friend, JEANNE D'Angelo, sent
a letter to the White House
complaining they were being
"rankly Disseminated against
by City Hall.
I'VE feel" they wrote, that
the working girls of Chicago
should be given equal consid-
Grafton instead of automatic
dismissal"
The ball was planned for
about 5000 West Point and Air
Force Academy cadets coming
for the game.
Col. Reilly, unaware of the
gathering storm, earlier this
month checked out his blind
date plans with officers from
the academies.
Nothing would please the
Mayor more than to have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19

5000 cadets come to the ball, ("
he announced. But we must
know who is coming to the
affair-in advance"
After the officers reported a
large number of men would
need dates the Mayors aide
issued a call for 1000 girls
with the average age of 10, and
a few in the upper bracket of
49,"
Applicants, including Miss
Benedetti and her girl friend,
flocked to City Hall.
The storm followed-and yes
terday Col. Reilly reported that
applications had been accepted
from working girls and from a
large number of young women
on lists submitted by deans of
local colleges, universities and
nursing schools.
Mrs. William Arnold of Lake
Forest, who heads the City
Hall committee pairing the
list down to 300 or so, said
the prospective dates are
being checked for height Tin
heels, poise, intelligence-and
occupation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19
Chicago Crows Again
Altos Angeles Expense

Poor California! The land of
bonanzas and boosters has suf-
fered still another blow to its
civic pride.
Two weeks ago, the Census
Bureau reported that Califor-
mia was still second to New
York in population.
Now, by decree of the Bureau
of the Budget, Los Angeles is
no longer the country's second
most populous metropolitan
area. The glory and prestige of
the No. 2 spot, which the smog-
gy West Coast city snatched
from Chicago in the 1860 CEN
sus, are now the Windy City's
once again.
Angelenos, with a century,
old heritage of rampant boos-
terism, will doubtless greet the
Budget Bureaus announce
ment with cries of ''Fiei" or
"Shamel" or possibly even
Fraud"
And they may have a point,
at that. Los Angeles bump
from second place was accom-
plished when the bureau decid-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19

ed to cut Orange County off
from the Los Angeles Metropo-
Titan Statistical Area. This
trim S LAS population from
6,742,696 to 6.038,771, which is
1912 less than the Chicago
area population.
The statistical areas are a
census device used to make pos
pulation and merchandising
figures more meaningful. When
a city and its environs get big
enough, they become . STAN
dard Metropolitan Statistical
Area.
So it might be argued that.
by creating a new S.MS.A. out
of Orange County, the Budget
Bureau was just acknowledging
what the boosters have known
all along: California is growing.
But try telling that to the
Chicago CHI m be r of Com
merce! They're probably al
ready dustin off those old
Second City" banners they've
had in mothballs since 1860.
New York, Of course, is still
first.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19
WORKING GIRLS PROTEST
Cadets Cupid Stirs Ruckus

CHICAGO. Oct. 10 (AP).-
Plans to. play cupid, to, cadets
from two service academies
have thrown City Hall and the
city's working girls into a
ruckus that has led to a call
for help from the White House.
The controversy was stirred
up initially by two 18-year-old
secretaries who complained
that somebody in City Hall
had banned them from attend
ing the big Army-Air Force
football dance November 2.
MY girl friend and l went
to City Hall. Room $40, to
apply for being cadets dates
like the newspapers said we
could" Susan Benedict related.
"A woman secretary or
something told us, oh, I'm
sorry. Didn't you know? It's
just for college girls"
Reports of the incident
eventually got to Col. Jack
Reilly. aide to Mayor Richard
j. Daley and chief cupid for
the big affair. He denied work.
ing girls were being cut out in
the date matching.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19
Tally Shows Park
Wins in Korea

SEOUL, South Korea, Oct.
10 (AP) South Korea's Gen.
trail Election Committee today
officially proclaimed strong
man Chung Hee Park the win
ner of last Tuesdays presi-
Dental election.
The committee said returns
from II provinces gave Gen.
Park 4,702,640 votes against
4,546,614 votes for his major
opponent, former President
Yum Po-sun. Three minor can
didates drew a total of S31, 944
votes, while 954,977 votes we're
ruled invalid.
About $40 per cent of the
nearly Is million eligible voters
voted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19

wages that the Government
must exercise in controlling
expenditures"
His talk was scheduled before
a closed session Of the councils
weekend meeting but Mr..
Dillon furnished newsmen with
excerpts in advance.
No Hint of Recession
The talk clearly was intended,
at least in part, to encourage
more vigorous support from in
fluential industrialists for
quicker congressional action on
the bill, so that the proposed
lower withholding and corpora
ton rates can take effect
January l.
Mr.. Dillon did not stress
here, as several officials have
done In washington, the pos
sibility that the business ex-
pansion now in progress-but
approaching the period when
most recoveries falter-may
give place TO a recession next
year unless the tax stimulus Is
quickly administered.
The council did not provide
its usual forecast of the busi-
ness outlook beyond an estimate
that this year would achieve a
record 1882 billion in national
output. and that there would
be no recession next year
whether or not taxes were cut.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19
Symphonic iscord Ends
With $3.50 Increase

aster for the orchestra. Re-
funds on season subscriptions
and on single tickets would
have added to the $4,000 in
revenue the symphony already
has lost from Cancelled pre-
season concerts.
The new contract will be re-
opened next March. In the
meantime, a special fund rails
ing committee headed by Com
merce Secretary Hodges and
Labor Secretary Writ win be
at work to find new sources OF
money for the orchestra.
The main hope of both aSso-
citation and musicians seems
to be. that Government will
step in with some type of fl
nancial aid.
M. Robert Rogers, symphony
manager, put it this way: "Mu-
nicipal support. often substan-
tial, is now standard in all
great American cities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19
Driver Killed
Fleeing in
Stolen Car

An unidentified man, fleeing
from District police in a stolen
car at speeds up to 20 miles
an hour. was killed early today
when the car rammed through
a fence, Skidded 200 feet and
crashed into a tree.
The pursuit started at 4:45
am. when a 18th precinct scout
car crew saw the car running
without lights at the North
Capitol street overpass near
Soldiers Home. The scout car
chased the car north into
Hardwood road NE. and then
west toward Rock Greek
Church road, where the fugi-
tive automobile went out of
control.
Police said the car, a 1852
Chevrolet, leaped the curb as
the orlVer sped through q stop
sign, smashed through an iron
fence, flipped over and skidded
200 feet before coming to rest
against a tree.
1t was not possible. to identity
the driver Immediately but po-
lice said he was a Negro man
about Is years old, weighing
about ITS pounds. He was pro-
nounced dead at Washington
Hospital Center, apparently of
internal INJURIES about an hour
later.
A check of the license plates
revealed the car was stolen
from L. B. Hodges, jr., of 1888
Quincy street NV, the Police
Accident Investigation Unit
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19
Korth Correspondence
Linked to Resignation

+ is recuperating from an ear
operation.
A spokesman for the Secre-
tary said yesterday morning
that Mr.. Korth was preparing
for release later in the day 8
comprehensive statement re-
garding reports that he had
been asked to resign because of
his business dealings.
The day passed without the
statement being issued.
After the reports in yester-
days Star that Mr.. Korth had
been asked to resign, some of
the top Pentagon officials, in
GLIDING a representative Of
Mr.. Korth. held a lengthy
meeting with Defense Secre-
tary Mcnamara. After the
meeting. the participants had
no comment on the resignation.
Mr.. Korth's resignation was
submitted last Friday. 1t was
announced at the White House
Monday with the release of an
exchange of letters between
President Kennedy and the
Secretary.
Mr.. Korth said he was resign
ing, effective November for
pressing business reasons.
The Secretary then entered
Bethesda Naval Hospital for an
ear operation.
Mr.. Korth has been a key
figure in the Senate inveStiga-
ton of the Tx warplane con-
tract. He testified at length
before the Senate subcommit-
tee in July.
He insisted that his decision
favoring General DynamicS had
no connection with the COM
pany's dealings with a Fort
Worth bank Mr.. Korth headed
before he was named Secretary
| in late 1861. He took office
January 8. 1862.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19
BY CECIL HOLLAND
Star staff Writer

An air of mystery continued
today around the surprise resig-
nation last Monday of Navy
Secretary Fred Korth.
White House and Pentagon
sources stonily said mo COM
ment" when asked if Mr.,
Korth's resignation had been
requested by the administration
But from other sources it
was learned the resignation
was demanded after Senate in
vestigators of the Tx war
plane contract award turned up
some letters written by Mr.,
Korth. The correspondence. it
was reported, was turned over
to Attorney General Robert F.
Kennedy and thereafter the de-
cision was reached to ask Mr..
Korth to quit.
A Pentagon spokesman in
sisted the resignation was not
connected with Mr.. Korth's role
in the Pentagon'S decision to
award the multi-billion dollar
Tx contract to General Dy-
namics' Fort Worth division,
1t was also learned that the
resignation was not related to
the connections of Mr.. Korth,
a former Fort Worth CTex0
banker, with a Texas insurance
firm accused in a civil suit OF
fraudulent manipulations OF
stock. Mr.. Korth, it was dis
closed this week, was a de-
PENDANT in the suit as a direc-
tor of the insurance firm, the
Professional and BuSinesSmen's
Life Insurance Co.
The White House and other
Government spokesman re-
ferred inquiries about the
resignation to Mr.. Korth, who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-10-19

MUNICH, Germany, Oct. 10
(AP) king Paul and Queen
Frederika of Greece arrived
here yesterday on a private
visit. The Queen told news
men the King will consult Ger
man physicians about treat
ment of eye trouble.