davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06

There Is a pleasure IN the pcthless tCoods,
There Is a rapture on the lonely shore,
There Is society where none intrEdes
BY the deep sea, and music In its roar.
BYRON.
A meeting between Secretary Of the
Interior Udall and Governor TaweS on
June II may well decide for all time
the future Of Assateague Island, 50
miles of barrier beach stretching from
Ocean City to Chincoteague.
Assateague, where wild ponies still
roam, where sea turtles still lay their
eggs and where the ceaseless interplay
of wave and sand remains uninhibited,
is the largest undeveloped seashore
between Cape Cod and Cape Hatteras.
It's future has been for some time OBJ
scured by controversy, an account Of
which appears elsewhere in today's Star.
The controversy on the one hand
reflects a desire to preserve the island
as q public wilderness-for humans as
well as wildlife. On the other hand 1t
reflects a desire on the part Of private
owners and developers to reserve 1t to
their use for personal enjoyment and
profit.
There are variations within these
opposing views depending on the atti-
tudes of individuals and county, State
and Federal agencies.
With CTS per cent Of the coastline
from New York through Virginia already
privately owned, we think the proper
course is to preserve this last large
tract OF primeval coastline to the use
Of future generations Of Americans.
Precedent already has been set
for the preservation Of some Of the
last few remaining undeveloped Sec
tons Of Atlantic shore, notably Mt
Desert Island in Maine, Cape Cod, Cape
Hatteras, the southwestern Everglades
and Padre Island In Texas. The last,
also a barrier beach, is similar to
Assateague, stretching as 1t does from
Corpus Christi 81 miles to Brownsville
at the Mexican border.
Until recently the necessity Of
tanning a wild continent has played an
essential role in the development Of
the American character. The ever
present frontier was the mold in which
It was formed. The challenge presented
by the frontier honed the national spirit
TO q keen edge, fostered the skills that
have made us great and rich and, at
the same time, evoked a sense Of inner
peace and self-reliance.
There is coming in the not too
distant future a time when Americans
will run the risk OF suffering mass
claustrophobia II there Is no place left
within reasonable reach Of major popu-
lation centers where q man can find
the solitude that each American sorely
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06

Author James Baldwin
called Robert Kennedy
naive" when the Attorney
General rejected his SUCCESS
ton that President Kennedy
lead Negro students into the
University Of Alabama.
One can't help feeling that
II is Mr.. Baldwin who is
naive" In this case. The
effect Of the gesture he pro-
posed would probably be
more harmful than helpful
10 the Negro cause.
The impression given
would be Of Negroes being led
by the hand Of a benevolent
white master: the picture
presented, unfortunately,
would be one Of dependency
and inferiority.
It cannot be that this Is
the result Mr.. Baldwin would
desire. Excerpts from his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06
Health Tests

Referring to your article in
the Sunday edition Of The
Star. April 20. 1o63-B-l Sec
ton, first column, Health
Begins at 40"-a very good
article but not informative.
on April 30th at 1880 am.
I drove TO Benning road.
Minnesota avenue NE, TO
the Mobile Testing Unit.
There was q sign on the place
"Open at IL noon" I waited
around until someone came,
approximately II am. A very
courteous young lady in
nurses uniform asked II I
had an appointment. I told
her / did not. The paper did
not specify an appointment
was necessary. She informed
me she could not give me an
appointment until June. I
told her 10 forget It.
I can't imagine DR.. Murray
Grant would give q news item
on this important undertake
ing without detailed informa-
ton.
Warner PIERCE.
Editors note: While the
editorial referred 10 IN the
letter did not specify the
hours when the mobile unit
IL open, netos stories In
The Star did Oipe this In
formation, and a later ar
ticle explained that. due 10
the heavy demand II wds
necessary to make appoint-
meHts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06

While they are not yet saying 1t for
the record, District officials repeatedly
have abandoned hope that the House
District Committee will approve the new
city revenue legislation proposed by
President Kennedy. We hope they are
wrong.
Surely there is cause for pessimism.
Chairman Mcmillan has made 1t clear,
not once but many times, that he favors
simple increase In the size Of the an
nual Federal payment to the District
rather than the more involved admin
istration formula, which calls for COM
bination Of loans, tax increases and q
higher Federal payment related directly
to the value Of Federal Government
property in Washington. Mr.. Mcmillan
says he opposes this approach because
he does not believe the House Of Rep
reSentativeS would buy 1t.
Perhaps he is right. One thing, how
ever, is certain. There is no chance
whatever that the House will approve
the Presidents plan unless the House
District Committee fights for 1t. And
we think that the effort at least should
be made.
Admittedly there is no assurance
that Congress would appropriate the
higher amounts Of Federal payment
called for by the administration for
mula, even If the formula itself should
be authorized. But neither, by the same
token, is there assurance that the higher
Federal payment alone, as proposed by
Mr.. Mcmillan, would be honored when
appropriations are voted. The admins
tration approach has the great merit,
In our view, of seeking more than merely
a one-year palliative for the crushing
needs of the District. 1t aims to provide
Q permanent authorization on which or
derby fiscal planning can be based, and
on which urgently needed public works
Improvements may be carried out. More
OVER, 1t reflects the Presidents own per-
sonal concern with the serious deterio-
ration of the Capital City-a concern
which is more likely to be needed by
Congress than the tired, repetitive
pleadings Of the Commissioners.
Additionally, the joint hearings just
completed by House and Senate District
subcommittee on this question have
served two valuable purposes. First,
they have left no room for reasonable
doubt that substantially increased rev.
enues are essential. And they have
established q record Of virtually unani-
NOUS community support for the Presi-
dents approach-including agreement
on this point between organizations
which agree on very little else. Such
solid front--from the President on
down-deserves and requires the support
of the House District Committee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
IsIomism in the Soviet Union
By RALPH McGHL

and the sect was denounced
as anti-social because during
the month Of June II fasts
and forbids visits to places
Of amusement and recrea-
ton.
A.. 1t will be interesting TO
watch the news. Imam HUI
sein has been dead since the
year $50, but his power Is still
strong. largely because It's
strength grows out Of per-
secution. Soviet law may be
tested.
The Sunni sect Of Islam Is
the largest. It's members
viewed the caliphate as elec-
tive. The Shiites insisted on
the office going to a descend
ant Of the founder. They
therefore regarded Mahomet's
cousin Ali and his descend
ants as the legitimate source
Of the rightful heads Of all
Islam.
A battle took place near the
the town Of Kerhala. in what
was then Mesopotamia,
about IS miles southwest Of
Baghdad. Ais son. Husein,
was killed. He and his fol-
lowers defended desperately
and bravely. They were cut
off and without water for q
long period Of time. This was
q part Of his suffering and
also explains why every
Shah mosque has q pool Of
water In is courtyard.
rs Million Moslems
Followers OF the Caliph
took the body Of the dying
Husein and rode their horses
back and forth over II,
abusing IL terribly. The head
was then cut off and carried
In triumph 10 show the pop
ulace. II Is the reading Of,
the story Of this death-of
the horses galloping over the
body and the mutilation Of
II, that so arouses the faith
full. They begin 10 finger
their knives or reach for q
rifle II an infidel or unbeliev-
er Is In sight.
The Soviet Union includes
more than IS million Mos
lens and about four million
are OF the Shah sect. They
are located chiefly In the
Azerbaijan republic. which
adjoins Iran. a center OF
Shah strength, and In two
central republics.
distributed 1883. by The Hall eyndi.
cate, fnes All Rishts Rsssrved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06
'Cossondrd' White

william 8. (Cassandra)
White, in his June 3 article
"Mongers Of Hate and Hys-
teria," makes q prophecy
that must startle not only
employers but also numerous
labor union leaders and State
and Federal legislators when
he writes: THE employer
undoubtedly can be told
whom to fire and whom he
must not fire."
Cassandra was q prophet,
Mr.. White, not O history
teacher. Might I humbly
suggest that you delve into
past legislation before you
predict future" laws.
Ann Heymann
-
Congratulations TO Mr..
William White for one Of the
few sensible words your
paper has carried concerning
the racial situation. Let's
have more news-less propa-.
ganda.
Carlisle Sullivan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06
Our Image at Home

On May 81, before some
BIS officers Of several nom
governmental organizations,
the Secretary Of State spoke
of the race issue in the
United States and the nee
essity for solving it. He said:
LET me say in the beginning
that I think for me to speak
to you on this subject in
terms Of foreign policy is
only the secondary reason
why we should get on with
1t. The first reason is rooted
in our own commitments,
the character Of our own
society, the necessity to re-
spect the dignity Of our fell
low citizens, and the kind
Of life we want to lead here
at home. ! give that first
priority, because this Is a
compulsion Of our own COM
mitments in our society"
He added: But let's not
underestimate, at the same
time, the difficulties which
this problem is causing for
us in other parts of the world
and indeed in the conduct
Of our own foreign relations
here in the National Capt.
tai :"
/ was astonished to read
in The Star Of May 81 an
editorial and a Jim Berry
man cartoon which COM
pletely overlook the central
point Of the Secretary's re-
marks, and charge him with
the "fallacious contention
that injustices in the United
States must be corrected be-
cause they are damaging our
image abroad :"
The Secretary said no such
thing; indeed his comment
clearly assigned the priority
to the domestic need. I am
enclosing the full text Of
his brief remarks on this
matter. 1t seems evident
from the Stars comments
that neither the editorial
writer nor Mr.. Bergman
has read either Mr.. Rusk's
comment or his remark two
days later at q press con-
ference when he said: Il
would like to emphasize that
the foreign relations aspect
Of our problems here In this
country in the field Of dis
elimination are secondary.
The real reason why we
should move on with these
problems is because OF our
own fidelity to our own Con-
stitution. our own basic COM
mitments as a free people"
As for the editorials COM
ment that the damage done
TO our work abroad counts
for little, The Star is GER
tainly entitled to such opin-
ion. but It seems TO me TO
overlook reality.
Robert Manning,
Assistant Secretary Of State.
Editors Note: Mr.. Manning
Is rioht In saying that Sec
retdrv Rusk's primary EN-
phdsts iDds on our Image"
at home, and neither the
editorial nor the cartoon iDds
seriously intended to conpev
a contrary impression. In
fact, the editorial. stating
that The Stars real concern
Dds Nth our image at home.
said. And zoe are sure Mr..
Rusk agrees"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06
National Debt

In The Star we read that
we have q debt ceiling OF over
$500 billion. Hasn't any adj
ministratiye officer or Con-
gresham come up with an
idea Of how 10 pay that off
/ have always believed that
most Americans have been
required by our laws az we
do not have the character
otherwise) TO pay our debts.
II necessary I am sure most
American housewives would
be glad TO sacrifice Gas In
time OF war; 10 reduce the
national debt.
Blanche Oldham.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06

A news item out Of Ashkh-
abad, capital Of the Turk
menian republic Of the USSR.
stirred q memory. In Teheran.
Iran, In February Of 1o45. q
young nanian took a couple
Of visitors on q walk about
the city. We went into q
Shah mosque. Close by the
pool q group Of perhaps so
camel drivers and street
hawkers sat listening to q
mullah reading from q book.
The mullah looked at us with
hot-angry eyes. He paused in
his reading. The seated men
turned their heads.
I'VE go-quickly," said the
Iranian. And We did.
HE. that mullah fellow,
was reading to them about
the passion Of Husein." ex-
planned our guide. Some
times they become quite
dangerous. A week ago they
killed one Of your els who
intruded on them, unaccom-
panied. When they hear
about Husein's passion some
become wildly irrational"
We visited no more Shah
mosques when mullahs were
reading out loud.
wild Demonstration
The story from the distant
Soviet republic said that last
June at the annual period OF
mourning for the death OF
Huseln, means and historical
walls could be heard "for
hundreds Of yards" A sect
leader was described as re-
moving his shirt and flashing
his body until II was covered
with bloody welts. Scores OF
others joined In. Hysteria
mounted. Children screamed
and ran. Others looked on In
awe.
The newspaper was asking
that Moscow order local
authorities 10 forbid and sup
press any commemoration
Of the event in this current
June. Authorities were re-
minded that the new GRIM
inal code gives the govern
ment the right 10 prosecute
anyone who fuses fraud 10
implant religious supersti-
ton and extort material
goods for playing on the feel
ings OF the believers"
Self-flaeellation was de-
scribed as illegal self-torture
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06

AS q resident and home
owner In the Dupont Circle
area, I was interested to read
The Stars account Of the
consultant's report on the
proposed one-way 8 street
idea as an alternative to con-
strlction Of a freeway across
the northern boundary Of
downtown Washington. The
consultant's report says the
one-way street system would
be "a nuisance to the neigh
borhood debate property
values accelerate the
physical deterioration Of the
area. :"
Quite right. The only thing
worse than the one-way ex-
presSway would be the fur
ther disaster Of building the
full-scale freeway that so
many Of the misguided high
way advocates want. The
leveling of the central city's
residential areas for the bene-
fit Of commuters who have
fled to the suburbs and for
the benefit Of office building
and luxury-apartment ENTIRE
preneurs who build drab and
characterless structures that
only the wealthiest can afford
is a tragic and stupid course
for Washington.
Burdened as the city Is with
financial problems and racial
stresses, wouldn't It make
more sense to encourage the
redevelopment Of yiable, inte-
grated, self-contained down.
town residential neighbor-
hoods. where people. white
and Negro. could live to-
gether In amity and mutual
respect? Or shall we make Of
Washington q vast parking
lot. its asphalt landscape dot
ted only with dreary high
rise buildings, and It's sky
blotted out by elevated free
ways?
I wish that some Of the
planners would take time
from their deliberations to
visit Nineteenth street from
the Circle to Florida ave-
nue., so that they could see
for themselves how in-town-
ers can live If only they are
left alone.
William I,Aavitt-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iDrtters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condensd-
ton. Those not used iUill be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06

writings reveal him to be a
man of insight and sensi-
tivity; they also reveal that
his own deepest yearnings
will be satisfied only when
that time comes that he is
thought Of as "the distin-
guished writer" rather than
1.-THE distinguished Negro
writer"
Florence Allen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06
FOCUS ON THE NEWS
The South and UnpIedged Electors
BY CHARLES BARTLETT

maintaining that the device
Of unpledged electors Is an
undemocratic denial Of the
peoples right to q voice In
the selection Of their Pres
ident. They assert that In the
current climate Of emotion
on the race issue, no Demo-
cratic or Republican candi-
date for President could af-
ford to make any deal with
an uncommitted bloc Of
Southern electors before the
election and that the elec-
tors would face heavy public
pressure to cast their ballots
for the man who carried the
popular vote In their States.
They further maintain that
even If the uncommitted bloc
were large enough to prevent
both candidates from achiev-
ing an electoral majority and
the election went into the
House Of Representatives. the
South would still be unable
to exact a price for its sup
port. Under the Constitution,
each States delegation In the
House casts one vote and the
members would face the
choice Of voting loyal to their
parties or surrending their
chairmanships and other
privileges Of seniority. A
presidential election BY the
House would be almost GER
tain under these circum-
stances to fall to the candi-
date whose party controlled
the larger number of seats,
See DeIeteriOus Effect
The Democrats maintain
separately that the adoption
Of unpledged electors by a
States legislature at this
time viii foreclose the Presi-'
dents interest In the State
and deny It the fruits Of Fed
eral favor. In
The Republicans maintain
separately that they have q
prospective candidate in SEM
ator Barry Goldwater, who
can sweep the South away
from Mr.. Kennedy and that
Southern conservatives should
not create unnecessary bar
riers to his election. Even
Gov. Wallace, under criti-
cism within his State for at
tempting to hold back the
dawn Of q two-party system,
is described Is willing to sit
on his hands If Senator Gold
water Is the Republican
nominee.
These admonitions from
both parties have slowed the
legislative pace in Tallahas-
see and Baton Rouge. and 1t
is considered doubtful that
the bills will pass in either
State.
The elector was conceived
as an independent agent by
the Constitutional Conven-
ton and his right Ito vote as
he saw fit" was upheld by the
Supreme Court in 1852. But
between 1920 and 1852 only
five Of 12.463 electoral votes
were cast contrary to the in .
structions of the electorate.
The electors names are not .
even carried on the presiden- :
tial ballots Of about half the
States and q sense Of the 3
electors moral obligation to
reflect the voters will Is
widely assumed. The peoples
will has never been baldly
frustrated BY the Electoral
College. 81
One certain result, If cleo
toral maneuvers become q
significant factor In 1864, q
will be q gathering Of public
sentiment TO abolish the Col I
lege. Many feel already that
it Is an anachronisni whose
demise is overdue. 2
copyrisht, Chicago sun-Timss
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-06

AAC 4SCRASAASuAAo uAC COkkA~
bining with the Democrats
In q campaign to discourage
the South from embracing
the device Of unpledged cleo
tors for bargaining leverage
1854.
Many Southerners have
been. entranced since l948,
when q States Rights party
drew 80 electoral votes from
five States, by the possibility
Of composing an electoral
bloc large enough to oblige
the two major parties to ne
gotiate for a majority in the
Electoral College.
Immediately after the close
election Of 1860 when the
victor was still in doubt, two
electors from Oklahoma and
Alabama attempted to stir
their fellow electors into re-
volt against John Kennedy
and Richard Nixon with the
aim Of installing q Southern
moderate In the White House.
After the move failed, one
OF its instigators, Lea Harris
OF Montgomery. Ala, wrote
all those who had shown in
terest and urged them to get
ready for 1864.
Just know the right
people so that you may be
selected in whichever way
your State selects its cleo
tors" Mr.. Harris wrote. 1.-THE
pay for this office is small
so few desire to be electors,
Generally in most States you
may be an elector merely by
so requesting II you know
any State leaders"
The movement has q firm
base In Mississippi, which
has ignored the national
candidates In two Of the last
four presidential elections,
and In Alabama. where six Of
the II electors voted for SEN
ator Harry Byrd in 1850.
Cows. George Wallace and
Ross Barnett are said to be
determined to hold their II
electoral votes in 1854 by
running states Of unpledged
electors.
Similar movements are I'M
derway in the legislatures Of
Louisiana and Florida. The
Senate In Tallahassee and
the House In Baton Rouge
have passed bills that would
serve to keep the two States
"a electors from automatic
cally contributing to q Re-
publican or Democratic vic
tory in 1854. The party or
CARNATIONS in Georgia and
Virginia can move under
existing laws to unite their
electors II 1t seems desirable
next year.
But despite the rumblings
and the further agitation
that is certain to ensue from
the new civil rights proposal
by the President, the move
ment does not seem destined
for greater significance in the
next election than 1t has
achieved In the past three.
The loyalist Democrats are
not standing alone against
it-they have the ardent
support Of the Republicans
who are growing firm roots
in the South.
Solid South
The last four presidential
elections demonstrate that
the Solid Democratic South
has dwindled to Arkansas,
Georgia and North Carolina.
The States Of Florida, Ten
nessee and Virginia have
voted Republican in the last
three elections. Texas broke
away from the party Of its
fathers In 1866 and came
close in 1860.
The Republicans have
Joined the Democrats In