davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-07
We Must Believe

In resigning as chief Of the United
States delegation to the Geneva dis
armament conference, Arthur H. Dean
has struck more or less hopeful note
for the record: He thinks that the talks
carried out over the past two years
have been fruitful in the sense of
clarifying. the opposing positions and
laying the groundwork for eventual
agreement with the Russians.
Mr.. Dean, who also was our coun-
try'S top representative in negotiating
the Korean armiStice, is no stranger
to the fabulous peculiarities and con-
volutionS of the Communist mind. In
deed, few Americans are his peers or
SuperiorS in that respect More than
most of us, certainly, he knows how
difficult it is for the West to deal with
that mind, meet it on common ground
and work out a trustworthy modus
vivendi with it. So the fact is worth
noting that he believes that such an
agreement will be arrived at in due
course, slowly but surely, between the
free world and the Soviets.
This agreement, If it ever comes,
will put an end to nuclear tests and
promote step-by-step progress toward
a genuinely effective system governing
the reduction and control of arms and
armed forces of every kind, nuclear and
conventional. 1t is for that reason that
the President, in accepting Mr.. Deans
resignation with regret and with we'll
deserved praise for distinguished service
to the Nation, has joined in the AM
bassador'S qualified optimism by de-
claring that I'VE must believe" that
further negotiations will lead, sooner
or later, to an iron-clad treaty worthy
OF the confidence of all mankind.
In any event, the Geneva disarma-
ment conference will resume next week
without Mr.. Dean, but surely with an
American qualified to carry on with a
capability comparable to his. Mean
while, now that he is stepping out of
the picture, the American people owe
him vote of thanks. If there is ever
to be real disarmament, his contribu-
tion to it will we'll deserve the historians
attention.
Evening star., 1963-01-07
Touqh Job

If the President Of the
United States were as per-
sonally responsible for the
Governments policies and
activities as a lot of people
appear to believe he is, then
he would be considerably
more Of a dictator than we're
either Hitler or Stain.
Hardly day passes with
out one hearing or reading
something which either
praises or denounces the
President personally for be-
ing responsible for the pol
icies and activities Of the
Government. The fact is, no
individual could properly run
a Government as large and
complicated as ours is.
J.J. Sperry.
Evening star., 1963-01-07

to accept this explanation.
If it is true 1t could at
least help justify by way of
harsh expediency what car
not possibly be justified on
any higher ground,
But even the argument OF
expediency is open to grave
question. At the very mo-
ment the State Department
was speaking of its fears OF
Soviet intrusion in the
Congo, our Ambassador to
the u. NJ, Adlai Stevenson,
was casting great doubt on
that line. On December Il
Stevenson who is surely no
enemy of the Afro Asian
clique-was thus quoted by
United Press International:
"As to Soviet interference,
or intervention, in the Congo,
so far as / know at the
moment there isn't any
whatever. I hope I am prop
erly informed on that sub
ject."
U. N. Deceit Charged
The ugly truth is that de-
ceit and evasiveness and in
credible arrogance have
marked the U. MS course in
the Congo, from first to
last. Men of good will to-
ward the U. N. have been
compelled to conclude, long
since, that its word in this
affair could not be trusted.
A few Illustrations:
Impartial war correspond
ents have formally protested
the U. N. censorship and du-
plicity" in the field. A score
of U. N. disavowals of any
intention to force the mill
tary submission of Katanga
have been followed by the
use of force for just such
a submission. Heated U. N.
denials of atrocities by U. N.
troops have been proved false
by the eyewitness testimony
of independent correspond
ents.
Thant, in an ultimatum
to Katanga on December 81,
implied that attacking U. N.
forces would halt after seiz-
ing Elisabethville to give
Tshombe time to submit de-
Gently. Instead, on the U. MS
own account, they went for
ward to assault another
town, Jadotville. This was
explained by the U. N. as
a breakdown in. .co-ordi-
nation" So sorry, We'll in
vestigate.
Maybe a victory" has been
won. But not all the power
of the U. N. to force con-
formity can hide the dark
implications, for the future,
of this campaign.
Copyright, 1861
Evening star., 1963-01-07
Labor Court

More than three years ago,
i.e., in October. 1859, on the
occasion Of the long steel
strike which was then par
alyzing the steel industry, you
published one Of my letters in
which l strongly advocated
establishment of labor courts
which would settle labor dis
putes and outlaw strikes.
However, since am neither
the chairman OF an impor-
tant congressional commit
tee nor the Secretary of the
Department Of Labor, nothing
was done, OF course, 10 rem
edy this anachronistic strike
situation. Now three years
later we are again confronted
with a long newspaper strike
In New York and with a seri-
Gus dock strike by the Inter-
national Longshoremen's AS
sociation which refuses 10
load or unload all merchant
ships from Maine TO the Gulf
OF Mexico. This stops the
movement OF millions OF tons
OF diversified cargo and seri-
ously hurts the railroad and
trucking industry and our en-
tire economic system.
Strikes are cave c n
atrocities or childish nom
sense Of which civilized men
should be ashamed. or are we
civilized?
Will our junket-happy,
lethargic Congress ever wake
up and face the dismaying
fact that even in our own
country not everything is
perfect, and finally, and after
all these years. outlaw stupid
and expensive strikes and
legislate a labor court7
". a gchrader
Evening star., 1963-01-07
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSa-
ton. Those not used tUiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied by self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1963-01-07

@. Who said Statistics are
like alienists-they will tes-
tify for either side"p-C. w.
A. Mayor La Guardia OF
New York IN 1893.
A From what does asafet-
ida come7-S. r.
A, Asafetida Is a red
brown, acrid smelling gum
resin from certain plants
found in Iran and Afghanis-
tan. The strong odor is due
10 organic sulphur COM
pounds Asafetida is supposed
10 possess supernatural pow
ers. In the West Indias,
witch doctors mix the plant
with bones, ashes, grave dirt,
and nail parings The mix
ture is worn around the neck,
10 ward off witches and
spirits and 10 cure rheuma-
tism Asafetida is used In
India and Iran as a season.
ing.
Evening star., 1963-01-07
THE CALIFORNIA TRAIL,

THE CALIFORNIA TRAIL,
An Epic with Many Heroes
by George r. Stewart. (The
American Trail5 Series
edited by A. B. Guthrie,
Jr., vol. A. maps, 339 PIP.
McGraw-Hill Book Co.,
$685.
James Clyman was a
mountain man, notable
keeper of diaries, and all in
all as shrewd and sensible an
old-timer as you would ever
meet" In 1846 he rode east
over the California Trail
counting and observing the
west-bound covered wagons.
They puzzled him.
1T is strange" he wrote,
that so many of all kinds
and classes Of people should
sell out comfortable homes in
Missouri and elsewhere pack
up and start across such an
emmence barren waste to
settle in some new place of
which they have at most so
uncertain information. But
this is the character of my
countrymen."
These kinds and classes of
people" and the trail they
followed are the subjects of
"T'he California Trail" the
most recent volume in the
American Trails Series. It's
author. George r. Stewart is
"a professor in the University
of California"-which branch
is not revealed - and has
written a number of distin-
guished works on American
subjects.
IN HIS BEST BOOKS,
Prof. Stewart has managed
to create a sort of semi
spoken style. But in The
California Trail" there are
occasions on which the driest
exposition is broken by a col
loquial eruption ("Still, it
was a good tryl"). This, by
itself. is no substitute for
the flavor and rhythms OF
our ordinary speech. and as
a matter Of fact. the effect
is more disconcerting than
informal.
For all that, the subject is
fascinating and despite his
falls from stylistic grace,
Prof Stewart does not merely
know about IL; he feels Il as
well. "Mementos (of the
westward migration) are
hard 10 find" he writes, "al-
though the local people can
generally show you a few
wagon chains. At Black Rock
Spring l once collected some
forty fragments OF pottery.
and from them reconstructed
most OF an old-fashioned
water pitcher. II stands on a
shelf in the room where
now am. As l lift II down and
feel IL between my hands.
the story Of the trail comes
close"
That story begins In l84i
when a party led by John
Bartleson attempted 10 take
wagons from independence,
Mo, 10 California. The peo-
pie succeeded and thus be-
came "the first company Of
American emiRrants 10 enter
California overland"
They did not, however,
manage TO take their wagons
over the full distance. That
distinction fell TO the Ste
vens Party Of 1914. True, they
Evening star., 1963-01-07
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Overland With the Vests Settlers
By DONALD MINTZ

too were forced to abandon
their vehicles, but they were
able to go back and retrieve
them in the summer of the
next year. "In the history
of the California Trail"
writes Prof. Stewart, "the
year IA was critical, and the
achievement of the Stevens
Party was decisive. after
these wagons followed the
migration which poured year.
ly into central California"
PROF. STEWART follows
the story only up to 1859, for
"a trail is a fragile and deli
cate thing-like some kinds
of plants and animals, un-
able to withstand the ad-
vances of civilization. Do
enough work on trail and
send enough traffic over it,
and it necessarily becomes a
road"
1t is amazing how many
misconceptions Prof. Stewart
corrects about the manner in
which the westward migra-
ton was accomplished. The
wagons were not huge Cones
toga wagons, for these were
much too heavy for trail use.
The smaller covered wagons
were not pulled by spirited
horses but by oxen, though
mules became rather popular
in the later years. In camp,
the wagons were indeed
drawn into the familiar cir
Gle. But these circles we're
almost never raided by In
dians. whose depredations
are in any case generally ex-
aggerated. For as Prof.
Stewart points out, a hostile
band of warriors could do
much better attacking the
wagons when they strung
out along the road than when
they were in the strongest
possible defensive position.
TV and the movies have
amply demonstrated the
never-ending appeal Of our
westward expansion. The
limitations of THE California
Trail" lie in the style rather
than the information, and
the book should enjoy a wide
audience.
Evening star., 1963-01-07

mythical fountain which
wipes out past memories.
Is not the principal cause
of this forgetting" of ancient
animoSities a civilization, a
society, which is based upon
the spirit we have been cele-
brating? Is not the other
factor which brought together
the settlers of this Nation,
and the people of the Com
mon Market, a common mis-
sion for survival with that
kind Of society - survival
against organized enemies,
both primitive tribes and
foreign nations, hostile to the
settlers, their descendants,
and their native converts,
and to their way of life? In
Europe, an Adenauer, a
Schuman and a De Gaulle
are drawn together through a
spiritual retreat in Switzer-
land, and unity is hastened
by the threatening advances
of a power dedicated to de-
stroy their civilization and
all who believe in it.
We should remind ourselves
that there are, in the CongoS
of Africa, Tshombes as we'll
as Schweitzers who, even if
not homogeneous in race, in
education, or in standard of
living, also have a profound
belief in the essence of this
refined civilization. AS with
those who founded this
nation and those who are
uniting Western Europe, there
are La Blancs, Van Blums,
Joneses, SchneiderS, JensenS,
RaSponjes. TshombeS. who.
in another continent. may
find a common ground for
unity in the same homog-
eneity of spirit.
Jean de Brabant,
General Secretary,
Foundation De La Pres
ervation De La CiVili-
sation Occidental.
Evening star., 1963-01-07
THE PASSING SCENE
u. N. Intervention Is Condemned
BY WILLIAM S. WHITE

The United Nations has
assumed a frightful respon-
sibility before history - as
suming that history will not
be rewritten to suit the
wishes of its ruling Afro
Asian clique as current facts
already have been a hundred
times suppressed or dis
torted-in the Congo.
For the first time in an
organization supposedly de-
voted to peace, United Ma
tions troops and tanks and
bombers have moved with
crushing military force to
settle an internal dispute in
a supposedly independent
country. This is the unargu-
able meaning of the United
Nations offensive to drive the
breakaway province of Ka-
tanga back into the central
Congo government and to de-
stroy that PROVINCES elected
leader, Noise Tshombe.
No less terrible a respon-
sibility has been assumed by
the United States of Ameri-
ca. For against the advice
of our three best allies -
Britain, France and Belgium
we have directly assisted
this military adventure by a
United Nations whose i'm
perious Asian leader, Secre-
tary General U Thant, may
yet disturb even our own
most eager apologists for
this fatefully crude thrust in
power politics.
For if the United Nations,
without the slightest right
except the sanction of force
backed by a massive propa-
ganda, can intervene in the
internal affairs of the Con-
go today, it can intervene
tomorrow in the internal af-
fairs of any country in this
world in theory not exclud-
ing the United States.
Soviet Role Questioned
In some other time and
in some other atmosphere of
whipped up emotionalism,
any other state or province
can be described as "seces-
sioniSt," and U. N. troops can
go in there, too, so long as
the power of effective resist
ance is absent.
Repeatedly, the motivation
of the United States in this
wretched affair has been de-
scribed in the State Depart
ment as a desire to force
Katanga's return to the CEN
tral Congo government to
strengthen it against a pos
sible Soviet takeover.
Men who really do not en-
Joy feeling that their own
Government has taken up an
indefensible policy have tried
Evening star., 1963-01-07
Moscow at Work

Your editorial OF December
81 on Yemen and a letter on
January / seem 10 miss the
ultimate. u may we'll be
Nasser and Egypt's rockets
threatening the peace OF the
Middle East, but where do
Nasser's arms and rockets
come from2 The fact is that
Moscow is Nasser's military
proyider, and IT'S Moscow's
work that is being done IN
the Middle East.
Charles Gamer.
Evening star., 1963-01-07
Do Reds Want Peace?

Speaking of the House
Committee on Un-American
Activities, Aileen A. Hutchin-
son says in a letter: I'm it's
opening remarks in the re-
cent hearings regarding the
peace movement, the commit
tee proved from various Off
cial documents that the Com
muniSts need and want peace
and that they are anxious to
promote it wherever they can"
I fail to find anything in
the opening remarks of the
committee to substantiate
these assertions. I do find the
following statement by
Chairman Doyle:
Everyone in the world, ev-
cry nation in the world - if
you can believe their words
- wants peace. The cry is
universal. 1t comes from neu-
tralists, from Communists,
from Communists. Yet
there is no peace because GER
tain persons. groups and ma
tionS in the world - even
while they cry peace - TO-
ment war and unrest. They
plot and carry out military
attacks on neutralist India,
on anti-Communist South
Wet Nam. They plot sabo-
tage in the United States.
There is good reason, un-
fortunately, to doubt Com
munist claims that they de-
sire peace, as others under
stand the term. We must
give careful consideration to
just what the word peace
means to Communists. ..
According to their own
words, Communists believe
that there can be no real
peace until they have con-
quered the world, eliminat-
ing all other systems. They
say to one another, and to
those who will make an eff
fort to study their doctrine,
that they really do not be-
lieve in peace in our time.
why then do they talk of
peace? Because it serves
Communist interests in two
ways: l. The initiated Com
munist, understanding his
Marxist feminist doctrine,
knows that a Moscow call to
intensity the fight for peace
means that he should inten-
sify his fight to destroy cap
italism and its major bas-
ton, the United States. This
is the way to peace - ac-
cording to this Communist
doctrine. Thus Communist
peace propaganda is a call
to action for all Commmu-
nists, spurring them to in
creased activity and effort
aimed at achieving the Com
munist goal of world con-
quest - by war or any other
means. 2. AS events have
proved, peace propaganda
and agitation have a disarm-
ing, modifying, confusing and
weakening effect on those
nations which are the intend
ed victims Of communism.
Moreover. throughout histo-
ry, aggressors, dictators, and
governments bent on con-
quering others, or the whole
world, have known that paci-
fism or unrealiStic and ex-
aggregated desire for peace
on the part Of their intended
victims is a tremendous asset
TO ultimate victory for the
aggressor. Excessive concern
with peace on the part of any
nation impedes or prevents
adequate defense preparation,
hinders effective diplomacy
in the national interest un-
dermines the will to resist
and Saps national strength.
For this reason. in todays
world intense peace propa-
ganda and agitation In nom
Communist nations obviously
serves the aggressive plans
Of world communism"
Those who read the hear
ings Of the House Committee
on Un-American Activities
will realize that the continu-
ance Of the HCUA Is an abso-
ltitp "mugth N Ua ara N pa
Evening star., 1963-01-07
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

BY THE HASkIN SERVICE
reader can get an answer By
writing The star Information Bu-
rcau, 0Ah 2 street NV, Washinstnn
Z, d. C. Please incl0se return post.
age or self addressed, stamped
Evening star., 1963-01-07

Totals 276,l00 300 400
No doubt the opening OF the Wilson
Bridge served TO generate some new
river-crossing trips, which may not
otherwise have taken place, for this
always seems TO be the case with new
freeways. But the conclusion is
incscapable that II the Wilson Bridge
had not been in operation, a goodly
number Of its $4,000 automobiles per day
would have had no alternative but to
further overload the other bridges.
Hopefully, the Cabin John Bridge during
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24
). q COD. t35e hOndline chOrss)

This parking pleasure with
The Republican., 1963-08-29

Dr. FOREMAN like that, hard to
take hold of and understand, is
to ask one question about the
story and stick to that. We have
no doubt what the incident meant
to Jacob. For him it was more
than an incident, it was the high
moment of all his life. 81 have
seen God face to face" he said;
land yet my life is preserved"
A man before and after
Last week we thought about the
story of Jacob and Bethel, and
raised the question: was Jacob
converted there? 1t does not seem
likely, because Jacob was the
same sort of sharp dealer after
wards as he was before. He had
been working for his uncle Laban
for around 20 years between the
night at Bethel and the night at
PeJ1iel (you notice Jacob named
both places), and in all that time,
while Laban was a tricky man to
deal with, and cheated his son-in-
la% in various ways, it is clear
that Jacob was taking Laban for
a ride at the same time. Each one
was trying to get some unfair adj
vantage over the other. Observe
also what he did the day before
that fateful night at the brook
Jabbok. He was about to meet his
brother Esau, and though 20 years
had passed since Esau sWore he
would kill his brother Jacob, ia
cob feared Esau had not forgotten
bis bloodthirsty VOW. So he sent
some enormous presents ahead to
make Esau feel better. and then
The Republican., 1963-08-29

he sent his family, and then he
stayed behind. A cheat and cow
ard both. But after that night Of
struggle. Jacob was a changed
man. He goes out bravely in front
of his family TO meet Esau; and
from that day on, while there was
much sorrow in his later years,
we do not hear of any more sins.
Turning point
"By their fruits you shall know
them" said Jesus, speaking Of
human beings as well as fruit
trees and shrubs. Only God can
see the heart, but neighbors and
a mans family can see the life.
Conversion affects the way per-
son talks and works and plays, it
makes a difference with what it
takes to make him happy Con-
version can no more be concealed,
when it is real, than spring-time
can be. Spring bursts out" as we
say; and so does conversion. But
true conversion, such as we may
believe Jacobs to have been, is
not merely a change in behavior
1t can be initiated by any one who
can mimic or initiate the way
converted people act; but the gem
uine can be told apart from the
fake by the fact that the genuine
conversion "stays put" while the
fake breaks down when serious
dangers or difficulties arise in the
path. What makes a real conyer-
sion real? 1t is the fact that it is
rooted in the inmost life, centered
in and growing in and from the
heart. God does not promise us
good habits which will produce
good hearts; He promises new
hearts that will express them
selves in good habits.
Cots house or Gods face?
So the great turning points of
life are those in which something
vital and radical occurs in the
inner life. Now we may ask: Why
did this not happen at Bethel and
why did it happen at Peni-el? A
clue to this may be found in those
two words themselves. Bethel
means House of God and Peniel
means Face of God. At the one
place Jacob thought he had found
$50 to speak, Gods front door.
At the other place he met the God
who has no doors, the God who
comes to meet men in lonely and
terrible places, the God whose 60
ings cannot be scheduled and
whose house not even the heaven of
heavens can contain. a man may
go to the house Of God, yes even
to church. and not see God there
at all. Most people are interested
in their friends first and in their
friends houses second. Maybe the
reason why there are so many
not-quite- converted people around
is that so many Of them think that
Just going to the "house of God"
is enough. A Bethel conversion is
not enough.
Biased on outlines copyrighted By
the Division OF Christian Education,
National Council of the Churches of
Christ in the L. s. a. Released by
Community Press Serviee.)
The Republican., 1963-08-29
Turning Point
Lesson for September 1, 1868

Bible Material: Genesis % through
SO.
Devotional Reading: Mark 10:1323.
ONE of the strange stories in
~ Genesis is this one of Jacob
at the brook Jabbok. Are we eX-
pected to understand this story
literally or figuratiyely? and if it
is a literal story, was Jacob wres-
Ting with an ANGEL Hosea 12:4),
The Republican., 1963-08-29

Sand Flat Assembly Of God, Rev
Hartley L. Wigfield, Jr,. pastor
Sunday School, 10 a m; Worship
II a. m; EvanCcIistic Service, Sun
days, 7:45 p. m. Bible Study every
Tuesday. 7:45 p. m.
The Republican., 1963-08-29

or a man CGene-
sis 32:24.25), or
God Him S elf
Genesis 32:30)?
If you had been
there with a cam
era and a flash
bulb, what could
you have seen?
The best thing to
do with stories