davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-01-27

DR.. Melvin M. Payne has
served the National Geographic
Society for 80 years. As Secre-
tary of its Committee for Re-
search and Exploration for more
than a decade, he has admins
tered a worldwide scientific re-
search program. In 1861 he
became executive vice president
and secretary, responsible for
membership, business, and legal
affairs.
Evening star., 1963-01-27

quer the Arctic and the Antarc-
tic, too"
When Rear admiral Byrd be-
came the first man to fly over
both the North and South Poles
q926 and 1929 respectively, he
gave generous credit to the in
genious sun compass invented by
Albert H. Bumstead, first Chief
of the society's Cartographic Di-
vision.
Evening star., 1963-01-27
Mystery at Meso Verde

A number Of other 1868 activ-
tiles represent continuing projects
of the Society. At Mesa Verde Ma
tional Park in Colorado, scientists
continue five years of archeo-
logical detective work into the
mysterious past of Pueblo Indian
cliff dwellers who flourished amid
the arid hills for centuries, then
vanished. Altogether, 80 inter-
related studies from soil analy-
sis to collecting insects converge
in work being done with the Ma
tional Park Service.
In 1868, a visitors center will
be completed at Russell Cave,
bama a, the 9,000-year-old
Stone-Age site excavated in CO.
operation with the Smithsonian.
This cave was given to the Ameri-
can people by National Geo.
Evening star., 1963-01-27
Setting q Pottern

In several ways, this first ex-
pedition set a pattern for the
Society's 200 explorations and re-
searches that have followed over
the years. 1t triumphed over the
forces of nature. 1t added to
mans knowledge of his world.
And 1t established a tradition of
close cooperation between the
National Geographic Society and
agencies of the Federal Govern
ment.
"Of all the sciences" Joseph
Conrad wrote in the National Ge-
ographic of March, 1924, "geog-
raphy finds its origin in action,
and, what is more, in adventur-
GUS action"
This year, in addition to the
Everest expedition, the Society's
100000 members throughout
the world are sponsoring adven-
turous action on a scale broader
than ever.
On q sunny hillside at Fort
Ternan, Kenya, British anthro-
pologist Louis S. B. Leakey and
his wife Mary pursue their search
for fossils from the dawn age of
man. DR.. Leakey has already
made important finds at Olduvai
Gorge, Tanganyika, among them
1,750, ,000- year-old Zinjanthropus.
Now, at the new site, fossil beds
at least IA million years old are
just beginning to give up their
secrets.
Under society sponsorship. DR..
Earl c. Slipher, of Lowell Observ-
atory in Flagstaff. Arizona, is
compiling a unique Photographic
Study of the Brighter Planets
Mars, Venus, Mercury, Saturn.
and Jupiter. His atlas has been
aptly called "a road map for as
tronauts."
The society's flag flies in the
Evening star., 1963-01-27

graphic, and has been made a
national monument by President
Kennedy.
The Societys first archaeological
expedition in 1912 uncovered
Machu Picchu, the lost city of the
Incas, on a Peruvian mountain
top. The longest and most ex-
tensive Of the many archeologi-
cal expeditions was a series Of
studies in Mexico, Panama, and
Ecuador from 1888 to 1857, spon-
sored jointly with the Smithson-
ian Institution. Seeking knowledge
of vanished Indian cultures, the
explorers made finds ranging
from 20-ton carved basalt heads
to delicate Jade figures smaller
than a fingernail. A stone stele
uneartherd near Veracruz, Mexi-
CO, proved to be the oldest dated
work Of man-November 4, 29l
BIC. found in the Western
Hemisphere. '
Evening star., 1963-01-27
Underseo Experiments

Daring undersea experiments by
the American inventor Edwin A.
Link were begun In the fall Of
1862. A Belgian diver, lowered
from the Link ship Sea Diver,
spent a record 26 hours in q
unique "undersea elevator" 200
feet down in the Mediterranean
off the French Riviera.
The 11-foot-long tank, designed
by Mr.. Link as the first stage Of
a "man-in- the-sea" system, was
filled with a special mixture Of
helium and oxygen under pres
sure matching that Of the sea
outside. The diver, breathing nor
mally, could talk on a telephone
to the surface, eat, and even
sleep. He could open his hatch
and, wearing conventional free
diving gear, leave on excursions
into the depths.
In September, also In the Medi-
terranean, two of Captain Cous-
teau's divers descended to a SINH
lar but larger cylindrical chamber
where they stayed seven days.
From their temporary home the
frogmen swan out each morning
to build concrete fish houses and
plant plastic kelp to lure sea crea-
lures. When one diver got q
toothache, a dentist swan down
with a drill.
Both experiments were designed
Evening star., 1963-01-27

to test mans reactions to pro-
longed periods under great pres
sure, and they foretell a day
when technicians may make ex-
tended undersea searches for oil
and other minerals, or workmen
may stay down for days or weeks
at underwater farming or con-
struction jobs.
Off the coast of Turkey, archie
ologist George Bass of the Uni
versity Of Pennsylvania Museum,
conducts National Geographic
undersea research Of a different
nature. His excavations of the
ruins Of a Byzantine ship have
this goal: 1--WE want a plan that
would enable a shipwright to
build a Byzantine vessel-plank
by plank and nail by nail"
Evening star., 1963-01-27
A Nooh's Ark

Reports from natural history
expeditions have provided some
of my most interesting reading
for years. You could stock a size
able Naoh's Ark with the birds,
animals, and insects that Society
explorers have observed and
sometimes discovered - in their
native haunts.
The exploration of jungle will
dernesS and mountain heights re-
quires stamina and courage. For
tunately, not a man has been
lost to date on an expedition sup
ported by the Society. We tell our
representatives there is nothing
they can bring back so precious
as their lives.
In our Diamond Anniversary
year, dedicated men face a formi-
dable foe in Everest. Suffering the
inevitable deterioration of their
muscles, nerves, and mental
processes in the thin, bitter air,
the climbers will study rocks and
ice, solar radiation and their
own reactions. ss.
AS it has been for the past rs
years, the goal will be new geo.
graphic knowledge the most
frustrating, rewarding, and envi.
able of pursuits. ~z-
Evening star., 1963-01-27
Universe Chorted

The society's interest in the
lonely reaches Of the sky began
long before the Explorer flights,
and 1t has continued unabated.
In 1855 the society and the Cali
fornia Institute of Technology
completed the monumental Sky
Atlas. one Of the most signifi-
cant achievements In astronomi-
cal history. Astronomers at Palo-
mar Observatory mapped q vol
ume Of space at least rs times
as large as ever before charted.
The Atlas's 1,758 Photographic
plates disclosed new comets and
asteroids, thousands Of unknown
galactic island universes," and
billions Of heavenly bodies as far
as six sextillion (six followed by
81 zeros) miles away.
The strange world of the sea
beckoned other men Of science.
The society supported the work of
undersea pioneers William Beebe
and Otis Barton; the 1919 ex-
pedition to investigate the sub
merged mountain range in the
mid-Atlantic; and 10-year study
Of the spawning grounds, migrat-
ing habits and relationships be-
tween various species Of pelagic
or ocean-going fish.
The society took another great
plunge beneath the seas in 1852
when 1t began aiding the ex-
plorations of Captain jacques
Yves Cousteau, of France, aboard
his oceanographic research YES
sci Calypso.
Evening star., 1963-01-27

wilds Of Brazil and New Guinea,
where anthropologists record the
customs of primitive tribes;
in Yellowstone National Park,
where naturalists track grizzly
bears by means of miniature ra-
dio transmitters attached to plas-
tic collars; and in Jerusalem,
where scholars trace remnants
of walls built centuries before
Christ.
Undersea archeologists study
relics lifted from ancient ship
wrecks lying on the floor of the
Mediterranean. Biologists in
Australia search for meteorites
and textiles that may offer clues
to the conditions that will con-
front spacemen.
Evening star., 1963-01-27
The Moster Builder

The Moster Builder
If the worldwide National &C.
ographic Society can be said to
be the long shadow of any one
man, that man is DR.. Gilbert H.
Grosvenor, now 81 years old and
Chairman of the Board of Trus-
tees. At the age of % he was
given the reins Of the Magazine
by the Society's second President,
Alexander Graham Bell. BY the
time of DR.. Grosvenor's retire.
ment as president and editor in
1854, he had built a tiny, strug-
Cling organization into a world
power for knowledge, with more
than two million member -fami-
les in l73 countries.
In the words Of the late DR..
Evening star., 1963-01-27
BY DIR. MELVIN M. PAYNE

Executive Vice President and Secretary,
the National Geographic Society
Fog smothered the gas lit
streets of Washington, on the
evening of January l3, 1888, as
SO distinguished men ventured
forth in carriages for a meeting
at the Cosmos Club.
The 33 men, most Of them SCI
entists, gathered in answer to a
formal invitation from several Of
the group to consider "the advis-
ability Of organizing a society for
the increase and diffusion of geo.
graphical knowledge"
AS a result of that meeting,
and two others at the Cosmos
Club, the National Geographic
Society was founded and incor-
porated on January 81, 1888.
Within a year, the first National
Geographic Magazine was issued.
Within two-and-a-half years, in
1890, the young organization sent
to Alaska a team of explorer
scientists who discovered Mount
Logan, the second highest peak
In North America, and a massive
glacier which they named for the
Society's first President, Gard
tner Greene Hubbard.
This year, the society is OBJ
serving its 18th anniversary. A
highlight of the year-long cele-
bration will be the dedication
here Of its new headquarters
building, a soaring marble show
piece designed by Edward Durell
Stone. Among other activities,
the society is supporting the first
attempt by Americans to climb
Mount Everest and study its
mysteries.
The hazards awaiting the Ev-
crest expedition are not unlike
those faced by the 1890 expedi-
ton to the icy heights Of south
eastern Alaska. Scientists from
the United States Geological Sur
vey battled blizzards, fog, high
winds, and avalanches, but they
successfully mapped some 600
square miles, studied iceberg for
nation, and gathered geological
data still in use today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-18


grow"
Teachers, too, must keep up with the times.
Before, a teacher could 60 20 years and never
read book and still be good teacher" says
Mr.. Ford. Now teachers often must spend en-
tire summers studying. School boards in the
Washington area offer some scholarships but
most teachers pay for their study out of their
own pockets. Continued study is not manda-
tory, but principal may call in teacher and
ask, "You may have to teach two courses in
new math this fall. Do you think you can do it?"
The most immediate concern of Washing
ton area school administrators, however, is
simply keeping up with the population growth.
The influx began during World War II, has
picked up momentum and promises to con-
tinue as long as the Nations Capital grows,
which is indefinitely Moreover, the birth rate
has jumped among the middle class families.
In the suburbs it is now equal to that in the
slums downtown.
The District is expecting an additional
1000 new students this fall Prince Georges
County 1000, Montgomery County 5000, Fair
fax County 1900, Arlington 200 and Alexandria
800 to 1000
Competition for teachers to handle the
growth is becoming acute, especially since
many are WIVES Vi Mcu SIdCOucu HcIS OH1y q
few years. The District has asked for sic addi-
tional teachers, Prince Georges County 800,
Montgomery County ZOO Fairfax County $40,
Arlington 80 and Alexandria 15O
Washington area school administrators
range up and down the East Coast and as far as
the Middle West trying to Outbid each other
and industry representatives for the best
teachers college graduates. They offer annual
salaries now ranging from low Of "a 800 for
beginners to an eventual high, in Arlington, of
$12, 900 for most teachers and $14,OO for out
standing teachers.
There is also a constant need for new
schools, underScored by the double shifts or
quOnSet hut claSSroomS most resort to from
time to time. The District school board is ask
ing for funds to plan, buy sites or build schools
or additions to schools which eventually would
house II, 300 students; Prince Georges County
plans to open 271 new claSSrOOmS the coming
school year, which will accommodate 8,130 stu
dents; Montgomery County plans 264 new class
rooms for 7,1O5 students; Fairfax County re-
Gently approved bond issue to build Is new
schools the next three years for 81 900 stu
dents; the Arlington school board believes the
present overcrowding in the high schools is
only temporary and plans no new construction
the coming year, and Alexandria hopes to start
a new high school, already approved, for 1900
students.
What the school boards ask for, however,
they don't always get. Education has been TAX
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-13
Iowa Policeman
Slain, Trio Held

DUBUQUE. Iowa. Nov. 10.
CAP)-A Grinnell policeman
was shot in the back and
killed when he apparently in
terrupted an attempted burg
larry in the early morning dark
ness today.
Several hours later three men
were captured by pursuing Of
ficers in a farm cottage near
Dubuque where they had held
two couples hostage for a time.
The three were held for ques-
tioning in the Staying.
Killed was Ralph Ogan, "a,
who had been with the Grin
nell police department for four
years. He was gunned down
outside the Preston clothing
store in Grinnell.
In Dubuque, deputy sheriff
John Murphy identified the
men captured as Gary Lee
WeSSling, %. a parolee from
Des Moines wha has been liv-
ing in Dubuque: Richard Craig,
rs, of Des Moines; and Tom
Herman, %, of Bonneville.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-13

The head Of a big firm Spe-
cializing in automation in bust
ness equipment wants Congress
to pass a tax program designed
to stimulate economic growth.
retaining and area
redevelopment as a means of
curbing unemployment.
Thomas ]. Watson, jr., chair
man of the International Bust
ness Machines Corp. said he
was not sure of the immediate
effect Of the tax program be-
fore Congress but believed it
necessary for stimulation Of
long-term economic growth.
Mr.. Watson told the Senate
Subcommittee on Employment
and Manpower yesterday that
the manpower retraining and
a re a redevelopment programs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-13
Brothers Give Up
Postal Contracts,
Blame Inteqrution

SAVANNAH, Ga. Nov. Is
CAP).-Two Savannah brothers
say Post Office Department or
ders for them to integrate their
drug store lunch counters have
caused them to give up their
postal sub-station contracts.
Clarence Sauers said yester-
day he has asked the depart
ment to cancel his sub-station
contract within 80 days.
His brother, Joseph Sauers,
who operates another store,
said he had given up his con-
tract previously.
Earlier this month, the de-
partment Cancelled the sub-sta-
ton contract of a Lane Rexall
drug store for failure to comply
with the departments integra-
ton order.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-13

machines created by his COM
p my unquestionably displact
people. but white-c ollar en-
ployment has been increasing
steadily and there has not been
great hardship as q result OF
office automation.
Cites Hard Core
The witness, a member Of
the Presidents Advisory Com
mittee on acknowledgement
Policy, said his principal con-
Germ was hard-c ore unem-
ployed and chemically de-
pressed areas.
If present corrective meas
ures fail, he said, new ap-
proaches must be tried. He
suggested possible State and
local tax concessions to attract
new industries; Federal assist
ance to replace revenue losses
from tax concessions; acceler-
ated depreciation allowances
and, ultimately, direct Federal
subsidies for development and
renewal programs in depressed
areas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-13
9. w. Head Elected

Thomas H. Carroll, president
of George Washington Univer-
sity. has been elected to the
Board of Trustees of the Joint
Council on Economic Educa-
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-13
IBM Chief Backs Plans
ToCurb Unemployment

were good beginnings toward
relieving unemployment a n d
urged that they be continued
and strengthened. He also in
dorsed the proposed Youth
Conservation Corps and said it
should be continued as long as
needed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-13
Better Retirement

Other steps advocated by Mr.
Watson included liberalized re-
tirement provisions under So
eisl Security to attract more
older workers into retirement
and consideration of a short
ened work week.
He warned, however, that a
shortened work week, under
taken suddenly, would do more
harm than good by raising pro-
duction costs.
Mr.. Watson said labor-saving
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-08
CONTINUED

in campus production of Aristoph-
anes' THE Frogs" He hired a half
dozen of his classmates and hawked
hot dogs and soft drinks for President
Truman's Inaugural Parade. Wher-
ever there was dollar to be made,
Big Ed was there to make it.
1t doesn't take many nights of
watching Carson's show to sense that
his No. 2 man supplies more than
Drawn. The industry and ingenuity he
demonstrated in school, and in Phila-
delphia TV, is reflected in the easy
way he works with his longtime
friend, supplying ideas mot neceSsar-
lily funny lines) whenever he senses
that Carson could use one.
Detroit-born Mcmahon comes by his
sales ability honestly. He earned his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-12-08

first stripes working for his dad in
Atlantic City. $50 that's where you
saw himD He had habit of delight
ing his friends by including them in
his spiel (Dr. ]. Carson, the eminent
world authority, has approved this
product }
Oddly enough, Mcmahon almost
didn't make it to NBC with Carson.
Carson wanted both Ed and his direc-
tor, but NBC insisted that Perry Cross
would stay. Carson finally agreed-if
they'd take Mcmahon.
Ed lives in New York with his fam
lily and they now have four children,
Claudia, Mike, Linda and Jeff. And
next fall, Ed hopes to enroll Claudia
at his alma mater. "She wants to CO."
he says-"I'm delighted"
Smyrna times., 1963-12-19
Wesleyans
To Present
Annual Pageant

The annual Christmas pro-
gram of the Wesleyan Methodist
Church will be held this Sunday
night December p, 7:30 pm.
The first half of the program
will be presented by the Sun
day School and will consist of
recitations, dialogues and mu-
sic by the scholars of the Sun
day School.
The second part of the pro-
gram will present the thrilling
story of the Birth of Christ
by the adults and music by the
choir. This part of the annual
program has proven to be one
OF the most anticipated pro-
grams of the church during the
year as the story and the Birth
of Christ is unfolded before our
eyes with all of the ancient
costumes and effected color
lighting. The story in its en-
tirety is scripmral, all coming
from the Amplified New Testa-
ment. Hear the familiar Chris
mas Carols. by the choir. The
beautiful, 20 Holy Night, sung
by Mrs. Warren Myers, "Room
in my Heart" and many others.
The pastor, Rev. David P.
Minkwitz extends a cordial in
vitadon to every parent. friend
and the entire public to attend.
Smyrna times., 1963-12-19
Traditional
Choral Program
AT Asbury

The Christmas program al
The Asbury Methodist Church
continues this Sunday, De-
cember 22nd., with the tradition
Choral Christmas Festival. Dr.
recting and accompanying the
Senior Choir of Asbury Church
will be Mrs. Ruth Johnson
Knotts. Augmenting this pro-
gram will be the Junior Choir
of Asbury under the direction
of Mrs. Vance Cole and Mrs.
Earl Solloway.
Following this service, a
Coffee Hour will be served In the
Church Hall, sponsored by the
Harvey c. Jones Memorial
Bible Class.
On the evening of the 22nd.,
from S to 7 pm, the young
people of Asbury. ages 8 through
IL, will join with the young
people of St. Peters Episcopal
Church and the First Presby-
terian Church, in caroling
through the streets of the town.
These arrangements are being
made by Mrs. Robert Bam n
berger. Adults will accompany
the children, and refreshments
will be served by the Young
Adult Group of Asbury, fol-
lowing the caroling.
On December oath, Christ
mas Eve, there will be a Family
Christmas Candlelight Service
at 7:30 pm, and the tradi-
tional Communion Service be-
tween the hours of Hoo O'Clock
and midnight. Following this
service, the Youth Fellowship
Groups Of Asbury Church will
carol throughout the com
accompanied by brass
instruments, played by mem
bers of the Youth Fellowship
Groups.
Sunday morning, December
29th., will be set aside as Stu
dent Recognition Sunday. Those
students VINO are away from
home, in the service of the
United States Government, I
or in higher education, but now
at home on vacation, will be
In complete charge. The pub
lie is invited to attend all of
these services.
Smyrna times., 1963-12-19

Christian Science
Dover, Delaware
Sunday Services
The subject of the Lesson
Sermon in all Christian Sci
ence churches in Delaware,
Sunday, will be rs the Uni
verse, Including Man, Evolved
by Atomic Force 2"
Morning Service and Sun
day School are at HOO am;
Dover, Sunday School, 0:30
am.
Wednesday Evening Testi-
mony Meetings at 500 pm.
Smyrna times., 1963-12-19
|Delaneys
Program
Tonight

Delaneys Church will present
their annual Christmas pageant
tonight at 7:30 pm.
The members of Delaneys
Church will present the thrilling
story of the Birth of Christ in
song and verse taken from the
New Testament.
The pastor Mable v. Erskine
extends a cordial invitation to
the entire community to attend.
Smyrna times., 1963-12-19

AlND DEE -LuNG 40
AS you near the Christmas
Day of 1868 do you sometimes
wish that the Bethlehem story
could be told in a different
manner2 Does it seem that all
your life you have known the
story of the Shepheards and the
Wise Men7 Perhaps you have.
Also, all your life you have
heard your name, and your
birthday has been remembered
by those who love you.
1t is true the story is Old
very old. But suppose it had
never been told7
Could 1t be that you know
the Christmas Story so well
that you do not really know it
at all7 "Let us now go -.
and see".
See a country where the story
is not known. There you will see
obscene and vile practices done
in the name of religion. You will
see lust exalted, cruelty ac-
cepted as a religious thing, and
womanhood degraded, oppres-
sed, and pronounced inferior.
You will see a whole country
ruled by fear and terror, bound
by superstition, and held In
hopeless despair.
1t might be possible for a
nation, cropping In darkness
without the light from Bethle-
hem's Child, to manufacture
automobiles, televisions, and !
air -conditioners. But nothing in
all these inventions can relieve
the oppression or lift the
from womanhood |
or remove the terrorizing fear
of witchcraft and demons. There
Is nothing in these things to
bring love for purity and good
ness, to build a home or re-
move the bondage and terror of
sin.
Take a look around you. The
story of Bethlehem's S Manager
Child brings love into the heart,
peace into the life, harmony /
into the home and willingness
% practice brotherhood and
leighborliness to all mankind.
The story is old; but the
story is new. The story was
Peace on earth," and there
S no other way to personal
'eace nor to world peace.
Tell out the old, old, story.
Practice its teachings every
lay of the coming yearl
Smyrna times., 1963-12-19

Asbury Methodist
Mount Vernon Street
Rev. j. Howard Link, Minister
Sunday Services:
9:45 am, Church School.
HOO am, Choral Christ
mas Service by Senior and
Junior Choirs.
1900 Noon, Coffee Hour.
s. 7 pm, Caroling by the
Young People of Asbury, st.
Peters and First Presbyteri-
an Churches. Ages 8 thru IL
invited.
$50 PM, M. Y. F.
$3.50 PM, Caroling, Senior
Choir.