davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
Our Past This Week
JlIp for Negro history scrapbOoI

Sup IOE NcBEO kABUOEy SCrApDOOk
May 20, 1743 - Francois DOM
Unique Tourrsaint L'Ouverture,
Haitian nberator, general patriot
and statesman, was born.
May 20, 1927 - Charles A.
Lindbergh left New York In a
single-engine plane on his epic non
stop flight to Paris.
May 21, 1888 - oberlin college
(Ohio) announces acceptance Of
Negroes. as students.
May "a, 1854 - Lincoln Univ
ersity (Pa.) was established to
educate Negroes by the Presby-
terian church in Pennsylvania.
May 20, 1873 - Bill BoJangles'
Robinson, famous Negro dancer,
entertainer and first Of his race
to be starred In motion pictures,
was born in Richmond, Va.
May 20, 1886 - John Quincy
Adams begins fight for right to
petition.
May %, 1851 - Sojourner
Truth attends Women's Rights
Convention.
May 26, 1857 - Dred Scott, CEN
tral figure in a fugitive slave case,
and his family were liberated by
Taylor Blow, Massachusetts, Con-
gressman who had inherited them.
May ~, 1852 - Maj. Gen. David
Hunter issued a proclamation at
Hills Head, SC, freeing all slaves
In South Carolina, Florida and
Georgia.
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
New Chapter. Old Story
(The Constitution, AtIanta)

(Ihe constitution, Atlanta)
Neither side can take any COM
fort from the latest development
in Albany's drawn-out racial con-
flict.
THE white owner Of a grocery
store in Albany's Negro district
has been forced to go out Of bus
mess because Of highly effective
boycott.
Evidence is disturbingly strong
that the boycott stemmed, in large
part at least, from the fact that
the grocer served last month on a
federal court jury. The jury rem
dered a verdict in a civil rights
case that displeased Albany Ne
groes.
THE store owner said his bus
mess dropped sharply after the
trial. There were demonstrations
and picketing in front of the store.
Now the store is closed and 10 en-
ployes - IA of them Negro - are
without jobs.
This is the sort of thing that
nobody - segregationist or inte-
grauonist - can be proud Of. Riot
ing and violence are ugly things.
But so are boycotts of this sort.
"And If this chapter in the Al
bany story means that a citizen
cannot serve on a jury and render
verdict without fearing that his
business might be destroyed, 1t in
deed endangers the American sys-
tenn Of justice"
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
Anti-Racial Epithets
Should Not Be
Used By Officers

A Minneapolis police officer was shot early
Sunday morning after he called a man he was ar
resting "ngger" This antiracial epithet has cost
the lives Of hundreds Of foolish white people through
the years. One would think that police officers Of all
people, sworn to keep the peace and uphold the law
would have learned by this time that calling a
Negro-Amercan "ngger" is the worst insult pos
sible. We certainly don't think people ought to go
around shooting those persons who call them despic-
able names, but we do know that certain way to
trouble is for individuals to engage in the use Of
such terms
The average Negro sees red when the epithet is
used by white person, for he sees all Of the years
Of oppression mstreatment and exploitation tied up
In the single word. His resentment is understand
ably strong against those who resort to the use of
the word
The incident Of Sunday night again demon
strates that the human relations program chow to
get along with various racial and religious elements
Of the common popuaton) ought to be one of the
most important courses in any metropolitan or even
rural law enforcement officers school
Police officers, private citizens who persist
in showing the racial prejudice by going around call
ing Negro-Americans racial epithets looking and
begging for trouble, and are apt to get it. Other
nationality groups also resent non-members Of their
group using racial epithets and have shown that re-
sentiment through the years.
Every ethnic group resents racial epithets. If
you want to get in trouble just try calling an tall
an, "dago," or Jew "sheenie," which are despic-
able dirty terms when used by non-members Of the
respective groups.
Because southern Negroes for many years have
had to take such terms from boorsh whites of that
section there are many persons who think, the
epithet is acceptable. After dark many Dixie white
has lost his life by using that word at time when
the odds were even
There are still boorish buns like the mayor of
Greenwood Miss, who a NBC To-day" recently
used the distasteful term, indicating his blatant
ignorance and the lengths to which some whites
will go in publicly insulting an entire group of
American citizens
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
For Shame
Pioneer Press

Jenln Lloyd Jones, southern newspaper editor
who garnishes weekly column in the Pioneer Press
with anti-Negro prejudice, commented on May 10 on
the court order opening airline pilot jobs to quail
flied Negro pilots:
"a court has ordered Continental Airlnes to
hire Negro pilot. Hooray. There isn't any reason
why Negro shouldn't fly transport plane. But If
he shows up at operations disheveled and hungover
he'll betray his people one will want to fly
with bad pilot who is in the cockpit by court order
merely because his skin Is black"
This Is an ourageously false and an irresponsible
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
Other Recommendations
Birmingham Reaction
(The Times, New York;

'"The only hope Of averting civil
war on the streets Of Birmingham
appears to lie in the truce efforts
being pressed by high
officials of the Justice Depart
ment. The excesses of those who
have so long deprived Birmingham
Negroes of their rights have Great
ed a situation in which the danger
of mass casualties grows with each
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23

for us to become complacent.
There is a little bit Of Birmingham,
Alabama, in every city and town
throughout America.
Great Moral Issue
The principles of civil liberty,
equal opportunity and equal pro-
lection are inherent in our nation
al heritage. Putting these princi-
pies into practice has been a con-
tinuous challenge to all levels Of
government and to society. This
challenge, I am sorry to say, con-
tinues to be unmet and may well
be the most critical social and
moral issue Of our time. Two CEN
turies after the Declaration of In
dependence, the American dream
Of equality Of opportunity remains,
for many, an illusion.
Complex Problem
Racial and religious discrimina-
ton is the central civil rights prob
lem. It sometimes results In dem
ial of constitutional rights. On
other occasions, it manifests itself
in a basic disregard for human
decency and dignity. A variety Of
social problems results from racial
and religious discrimination. Dis
elimination in education produces
inequality in job opportunities;
denial of job opportunity destroys
motivation to fully develop indi-
vidual capacities. Racial housing
restrictions result in segregated
neighborhoods and schools. Segre-
gated neighborhoods tend to be-
come slums, and slums produce
increased crime rates among min
ority groups - thereby inflaming
racial prejudice among those who
confuse Cor choose to confuse)
cause and effect.
Efforts Being Made
Some efforts or gestures toward
resolving the problem Of civil
rights have been made in Mime
sofa. Minneapolis was the first
city in the nation to establish a
fair employment ordinance. In 1855
our legislature recognized that dis
elimination in employment was a
problem that required action and
it established a fair employment
practices commission, now known
as the State Commission Against
Discrimination (SCAD). By educa-
ton, persuasion, and conciliation,
some employment opportunities
previously closed to minority
groups have been opened. But 1t
would be less than candid to say
that equal opportunity for en-
ployment exists today in Mime
sofa.
Discrimination In housing Is not
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23


Everett Luoma automation for
the soft-coal industry has been to
lower the number Of men employed
from 100000 in 1850 to only 1885,
900 in 1862.
The desperate plight Of the
country's coal miners is highlighted
by the continued strike of 10000
Kentucky miners. They dramatize
the inability of the arms economy
to provide any real remedies. The
immediate issues Of this seven
months old strike are: y the fail
ure Of the coal operators to pay 40
cents a ton into the union welfare
fund, as provided in the contract;
p the practice of the coal COM
panies Of closing union mines and
leasing them to non-union oper-
ators, who have proceeded to beat
wages down from the union scale
Of $24.45 per day to a scale rang
ing from $40 to as low as So per
day.
One journalist writes Of teen
age boys working barefoot in the
winter for 10 cents an hour. An
other tells of a miner who was
killed in an accident and was found
to have nothing but potato peels
in his bag for lunch" Children
were not permitted to go outside
last winter because there was in
adequate clothes. The attempt is
apparently to starve the miners
until they leave Hazard, KY, and
fill the roles Of unemployed some
where else.
AS an example Of the leadership
of the modern trade unions, the
United Mine Workers deserted
these miners by calling off the
strike officially last Dec. 5th be-
cause the operators had succeeded
in opening many Of the mines after
securing an injunction under the
Hartley law. These miners
showed some of the spirit of old,
however, by continuing their
strike. why starve inside when
you can starve outsider" was the
question they asked themselves.
On March 1, the Teamsters Un-
ion did send 5000 lbs. of food and
clothing into Hazard, Ky. They
found the mine country around
Hazard, KY. an armed camp; they
saw native-born Americans liter
ally starving and huddled in win
dowless and heatless shacks as
they struggled to stay alive un-
der conditions reminiscent of the
1930's.
Said one Teamster, II just
couldn't believe this was the
U.S.A.! The kids looked like every
picture I've ever seen of starving
war orphans in Korea or Algeria
or anyplace else but here"
Hunger and privation is only one
problem they have. The other is
terror and violence, as company
goons and company-controlled po-
lice attempt brutality to break the
strike and to force them to accept
the low wages and unsafe work.
ing conditions.
In contrast to the conditions Of
the miners, Sheriff Coombs Of
Perry County admitted in court
that he had cleared 100000 in 80
days from the operation Of leased
mine, and 1t is estimated that the
parent companies, which lease the
mines and process the coal, profit
on an even grander scale.
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
Letters To The Editor
The World Is Watchinq Our Efforts

Editor In weeks the attention of the whole world
has been focused the United States and attitudes toward
racial minores There doubt civil liberties and
efforts or lack of them) provide them for all citizens holds
the attention of people all the world And just because
in Minnesota have vicious dogs small children who
peacefully seeking grow up strong and fee is
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23

new protest demonstration.
There is no realistic possibility
that the Negroes grievances will
be redressed by the lame-duck ad-
ministration now clinging to power
in Birmingham. But the city's
people, white and Negro, already
have registered at the polls their
reputation Of that administration.
Mayor-elect Boutwell, is confident
that the right to office Of the new
municipal authorities will be af-
firmed soon after a hearing in the
Alabama Supreme Court next
week. A lower court already has
ruled in their favor"
(The News and Courier,
Charleston, S.C.)
Martin Luther King pleads to
be arrested, and when police some
where finally comply with the de-
mand, a great chorus is set up over
the injustice of it. Much as we de-
plore the Observation-Disclosures
they picket, parade, sing or as
sumo the posture of prayer - we
believe that so long as they do not
create public disorder they might
as well be left alone. AS South
erners of both races get used to
these antics by the agitators, we
hope they will learn to laugh them
off and thus break the tension"
(The American, ChicagO)
'The massive protest demonstra-
tions in Birmingham, Ala, in
which thousands Of Negroes are
demanding civic action to end seq
regation in stores, has gone far be-
yond the stage of a skirmish and
will now have to be settled more
or less decisively, one way or the
other. It will have to be settled by
intelligent and responsible action;
a solution by force would not be a
solution but postponement, and a
very unwise one.
Three possible outcomes appear.
The demonstrators will give up
for the time being-and the boil
will subside to a simmer; Birm-
ingham's new city administration
and merchants organizations will
offer an acceptable agreement; or
the demonstrations will turn into
tragic and senseless violence which
no one will win and everyone will
lose, and to which no end can be
forseen.
"One thing is clear: The Ne
groes of Birmingham no longer be-
lieve that their protests will be
attended to If they'll just stop
protesting. That argument has
lost whatever persuasive power 1t
had. There will be concessions to
their rights as citizens - or there
will be tragedy for both white and
Negro. The tragedy will not dis
criminate."
Che Daily News, ChlcagO)
Martin Luther King believes
that moderate Negro Leadership
must find effective means Of nom
violent action to end segregation
in the South. Otherwise, he argues
the violent extremists viii take
over the Negro protest movement
The integrationist leader also
told an Atlanta audience Sunday
that IF we can crack Birmingham,
am convinced we can crack the
South"
.Dr. King may be right on both
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23
FRANKLY SPEAKING
By Everett Luoma

With unemployment averaging
81 throughout the country (and
about 2O% for Negroes), the econ
omy is finding itself increasingly
incapable of solving the economic
and human problems created by
automation.
The nations major answers so
far to this problem have been
feather-bedding and a madIy zoom-
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23

ing arms budget,
both of which
add a number Of
unproductive jobs
to the economy
but can hardly be
claimed to i'm
part dignity to
the workers life.
The effect e Of
St. Paul recorder., 1963-05-23

limited to the South. Today, in
both North and South, racial
ghettos burgeon in the central city,
while the white population moves
to the suburbs. In Minnesota, one
survey has shown widespread dis
elimination" against Negroes, In
dams, and other non-whites in
their search for decent housing.
In 1861 we adopted a fair housing
law, which has now gone into ef-
feet. Similar laws have been adopt
ed by approximately 20 of our sis
ter states. However, we must hon
estly recognize this law for what
it is - a beginning, a compromise
of limited application, restricted in
powers, and circumscribed by elab-
crate enforcement procedures. The
money and personnel given to
SCAD have been woefully made
quate. With a full time staff of
four people, it is wishful thinking
to hope for significant accomp-
Hshments in ending discrimination
in Minnesota.
Improve Civil Rights
To improve the general civil
rights climate in Minnesota, I re-
Gently proposed that our legisla-
ture act to (1) approve the full
budget requests for sCAD and the
Governors Human Rights Com
mission; (2) grant sCAD power
to enforce the public accomoda-
tions law; (3) simplify procedures
to obtain swift action on COM
plants of discrimination; az ex-
tend the fair housing law to all
housing.
Other Recommendations
have made many other recon-
mendations and will deal with them
another time. These constitute a
minimum program. They are
neither extreme nor expensive.
They seek only to help accomplish
what we say as Americans we be-
Heve. The world is watching our
efforts.-Gov. Karl ROlVaag, State
Capitol st. Paul, MINI.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23
Alexandra YMCA
Bans Indignation Test

best interest of the YMCA and
community"
Mr.. Carl said the Alexandria
situation will be considered at
a meeting of the board Of d.
rectors of the YMCA National
Capital area next Monday.
HWC budgets agencies re-
ceiving money from the United
Givers Fund, which contributed
$4,000 of the Alexandria US
100000 budget this year.
Mr.. Carl and Mr.. Smith told
the management committee
that the branch policy conflicts
with the HWC member agen-
cies' policy of non-discrimina-
ton. This could lead to a posi-
BILE loss Of UGF funds, they
said.
In other action the commit
tee accepted the resignation Of
Committee Chairman Donald E.
Jameson, who quit because Of
the racial policy, and unani-
mously elected william H.
Fields, secretary-treasurer, to
succeed him.
The designations Of Mr.. and
Mrs. Wallace hampshire, COM
mittee members, also were ae-
cepted. No action was taken on
the resignation Of A. c. Ravens,
jr., executive secretary Of the
Y branch.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23
Rivals to Talk
In Alexandria

Candidates for a vacancy on
the Alexandria City Council
will speak at 8 o'clock tonight
at the George Washington high
school at a meeting sponsored
BY the Alexandria Junior Cham
Der Of Commerce.
The candidates are Nicholas
A. Colasanto, George A. Faith,
A. Melvin Miller and Harry M.
Snapp. Mr.. Snapp Is not ex-
pected to appear because of
previous commitments.
The special election to fill the
vacancy left by the death Of
Councilman John j. Ewald is
scheduled next Tuesday. A
motorcade to the school will
Ipreceed tonight's meeting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23

The committee Of manage
ment Of the Alexandria YMCA
last night defeated a move
which would have permitted
the group to decide whether to
allow Negro members in the
all-white branch.
BY a 7-to-5 vote, with three
abstentions, the committee de-
cided in a closed meeting to
reaffirm its July 80 decision to
leave the Indignation question
with the branch's trustee COM
mittee for consideration.
Alexandria Delegate James
M. Thomson, who is chairman
of the trustee committee and
a segregationist, has previously
stated that he intends Ito put
this question to rest for a long,
long time"
Among those attending the
meeting were Fred D. Carl, act
ing general secretary for the
YMCA for the National Capital
area, and j. Morrison Smith,
president Of the board of the
Y of the National Capital area
Mr.. Carl said he and Mr.
Smith urged the committee to
take positive steps to deSegre-
gate the membership and &C
tivities of the branch in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23

sign pledges guaranteeing non
discrimination in the sale OF
the houses.
Representative Broyhill, Re-
publican Of Virginia, had said
yesterday that the family firm
was complying with the anti
discrimination order issued by
President Kennedy last NO
vember 20.
Today, Marvin T., IT,, who
doubles as chairman Of the
board Of the Sterling Park De.
velopment Corp, a subsidiary
Of the building firm, declared
that the firm has not estab-
lished a new policy" in SELL
ing the units.
In q telegram to The Star
he said:
"Broyhill firm denies OPEN
door policy. Marvin T. Broyhill,
jr., president of M. T. Broyhill
& Sons Corp, and chairman OF
the board of Sterling Park De-
velopment Corp, q subsidiary,
today denied published reports
that the Broyhill firm has es-
tablished a new policy on the
sale Of homes.
IN. T. Broyhill g. Sons Corp.
is in the business Of building
and selling fine homes. We
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23
Vienna Women
Hurt on Route 7

The wife Of a Vienna (Va),
construction firm owner was
severely hurt yesterday when
her car was in collision with
a truck on Route 7 in Fairfax
County, according to police.
Mrs. Carrie F. Lyons, 81, was
taken to Fairfax Hospital In
critical condition from a broken
back. She was reported to be
improved overnight and was
listed. as fair today.
Police said the truck was
driven by Tommy Joe Morton,
81, of 45l Neal place NV.
Washington. Mr.. Morton was
not hurt. according to the
report. The accident occurred
near the GEM. store a hall
mile west Of Tyson's Corner.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23
|Resigning Chairman Urges
Stronger Relations Council

appointed no citizen study
group.
Not consulting council men,
bers on the civil rights demon
stration scheduled next
Wednesday.
Council Has No Powers
Mr.. Goldman's principle rec
ommendation was for strength
ening the council and assign
ing it the task of initiating anc
hearing complaints under all
nom discrimination ordinances
Under present practice, the
council has no enforcement
powers of its own. Enforce
ment is done under the au-
thority of the Commissioners
themselves or by various Dis
trict departments.
An advisory type Of council
was a big step forward five
years ago" but is mo longer
adequate to the tasks now or
shortly at hand" the chairman
add.
The councils present duties
are to advise and assist the
Commissioners in connection
with non-discrimination pol
icies within the District Gov
eminent, and to investigate
complaints of racial or reli-
gious conflict and discrimina-
ton, which could lead to
breaches of peace and public
disorder.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23
Single Parents
Elect President

Parents without Partners
Inc, has named an attorney
George Christensen, as presi.
dent
Arnold Kronstadt, an archi.
tectural engineer, resigned
from the presidency because Of
professional responsibilities but
will remain on the board Of
directors.
The organization was found.
ed two years ago for recently
widowed parents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23

two pages to accomplishment!
and three pages to criticisms
and recommendations.
Among the achievements ir
which the role of the council
was either primary or sub.
stantial," he lists:
The setting UP Of q "practica
procedure" for District EN-.
ployes to bring complaints o.
discrimination to departmental
equal opportunity liaison Off
GERS. In the first six month,
Of the program, the council has
handled SO complaints o.
which II were resolved, 20 were
dropped because of withdrawal,
by the, complainant or lack Of
probable cause Of jurisdiction,
and the rest are still being in
vestigated or conciliated.
Police Recruits Course
A 40-hour course of instruc.
ton for police recruits with
special emphasis on racial anc
minority problems.
The issuing by the District
Commissioners Of a stronger
order" concerning discrimina.
tory Job practices by firms
which do business with the
District Government. Mr.. Gold
man charged, however. that
until very recently. District Of
Columbia contracting officers
have not made any serious ef-
fort to enforce compliance.
Removal by newspapers d
racial designations in their
classified advertising.
Mr. Goldman's report and
explanatory statements criti-
cized the Commissioners for:
The time lapse of two months
since promising to expedite the
preparation of an opinion by
the Corporation Council on
whether the Commissioners
have the power to issue a fair
employment practices ordi-
nance. Mr.. Goldman said he
considered such an ordinance
more important than the hous-
ing ordinance the Commission
ers have promised to issue.
Inquiry Was Asked
Not responding to council
urging more than once" that
it be assigned to make q
broad scale inquiry" into
charges of police brutality
which continues to plague re-
lations between the Negro COM
munity and the police" Such
an investigation would "estab-
fish the truth or falsity of these
accusations and would be a good
first step in removing a pri-
mary source Of community I'M
rest"
Not using the council to
study and evaluate the
Thanksgiving Day riot" at D. c
Stadium last year. A specia
citizens study group was set ur
! by School Supt. Carl Hansen
The District Commissioners
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-23
HWC Aide Named

Gates Larrabee Plumb, for
mer executive secretary Of the
Toledo (Ohio) Council Of So
cial Agencies, has been -ap-
pointed assistant executive d.
rector OF the Health and We'll
fare Council of the National
Capital Area.