davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11
Industry Teams

THE NETHERLANDS (pop. H.
389, 000O By law all multi-family
buildings must be provided, at the
owners expense. with substitute
lures affording shelter for resi-
dents. All industries employing 80
or more persons must organize
civil defense teams.
SWITZERLAND (pop. $780,
0000 Shelters are required in all
new construction in communities
having a population of 1000 or
more and in the remodeling Of
structures with large basement
space. The federal government
contributes 1920 per cent Of the
additional cost involved. In 1861
the federal government author
lied the spending Of approx
mately $2.1 million for construc-
ton of shelters for 10000
persons. Factories having 100 or
more employees, and institutions
having at least so beds must by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11

or more, except in single-family,
one-story structures. BY 1861 pri-
vate shelter for IA million persons
had been completed and spaces
are increasing at rate of 100000
a year. Public shelters must be
provided in all new construction,
the government contributing 2s
of the cost. BY 1861 public shelters
had been constructed (many in
rock) for 100000 persons in Swe-
denis large cities and strategic
towns.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11

decided the homestead to the State
Of Vermont to be maintained as
shrine.
He retained his present summer
home, a quarter of a mile to the
rear, also the birthplace Of his
grandfather close by, and the
cheese factory founded by his
grandfather which he revived
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11
Lists Not Uniform

Dispute still reigns over how
many persons were present at that
early morning inaugural. Some
say six, some say seven. Coolidge
himself made two lists, both of
them incomplete. On one he left
out Editor Fountain. But in an
other list he left out his own father.
Present, best authorities aver,
were Mr.. and Mrs. Calvin Coolidge,
Col. John C. Coolidge, Erwin
Geiser, the Presidents secretary;
Leonard L. Lane, a representative
of the Railway Mail Clerks As
ISOLATION; Editor Fountain, Con-
gresham Porter Dale Gin those
days Vermont had two, and Joseph
McInerney, Coolidge'S chauffeur.
Some accounts put Lane OUT
doors, some put McInerney be-
hind the screen door. Mark Drown,
a taxi driver, who brought others
up, and Herbert P. Thompson,
commander of the Springfield
Post of the American Legion, were
definitely outside.
A number Of newsmen had been
present. When word Of Harding's
death came, Coolidge issued brief
statement and the newSmen fled
to Ludlow to telephone their pa
pers. The one telephone at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11
isArticIe

In cOmmemoratiOn Of the
40th anniversary Of the swear
ing in Of Calvin Coolidge as
President on August 4, 1923,
Representative COnte of Massa-
chusetts introduced into the
Congressional Record last week
a story from the Boston Globe
written by Herbert A. Kenny.
Mr.. COnte expressed the hope
that members of Congress would
pass along the inspiring story
Of COOIidge's simple inaugural
to their friends.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11

since he retired from the printing
business in Connecticut. His win
ter home is still Pennington, VT.
The homestead stands across
the street from the house where
Cal was born and lived until
his fifth year. This house contains
a small general store run by Mr..
and Mrs. Herman Pelkey who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11

ceremony. In 1928 he was editor
of the Springfield (Vt) Reporter.
Years afterward he wrote a mono
graph called Homestead Inaug-
ural" and has recorded his recol-
lections many times over the
years.
But at the time he gave the
news story only five paragraphs
on the back page of his paper. He
placed it over the news notes
from Felchville which announced
Mrs. Claude Wyman was recover
ing from the mumps, and beneath
a clutch Of classified advertise
ments. The lead story on the
front page Of the paper told of
the death of the oldest man in
Springfield.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11

Nor did the State Of Vermont
get wrought up about the site
until Vrest orion, author and
country store owner, became head
Of the Vermont Historic Sites
Commission.
In 1851, Gerald Mclaughlin
successor to Joe Fountain as edi-
tor Of the Springfield Reporter
could write:
"Vermonters, who for 10 years
have paid no attention to Plym-
outh Notch, birthplace and final
resting place of Calvin Coolidge,
30th President, are taking tagging
steps to rectify their neglect, etc."
orion and others we're critical
of the overgrown condition Of the
grave of the President in the town
cemetery.
In 1857 shortly after the death
Of his mother, Mrs. Grace Good
hue Coolidge in Northampton,
herself a native of Vermont, John
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11
Chimes BeIIieerenee

All this is such a dramatic
change from the situation that ex-
isted this spring. when ! was in
Malaga, Singapore and Indonesia,
that It is scarcely believable.
The explanation almost GER
tainly lies In Red China's increas-
ing belligerence. Peking is driving
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11
Going II Alone

There has been little testimony
before the subcommittee concern
ing the activities Of NATO allies
perhaps because, in the words Of
Steuart L. Pittman, Assistant
Secretary of Defense Civil De-
fense), THE justification for an
effective American program
stands on its own feet and does
not lean on examples set abroad"
But there was testimony--still
little publicized-that the Soviet
Union regards Civil Defense as an
essential element Of It's over all
military preparation and that,
during the period since World War
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11
BY MILTON Mac KAYE
Star Special Writer

national borders. The sanctuary
of neutrality in time of war has
gone with the poisoned winds that
blow from nuclear explosion.
Nowhere is this more clearly
realized than in the free countries
This article Is based on Of
fical figures in the Department
Of Defense Civil Defense) con-
corning preparations in other
countries. The author, o well
known magazine writer, Is a
part-time cOnsultant to the De-
partment on this subject.
of Europe. Despite the signing Of
the nuclear test-ban agreement,
the apparent thawing Of relations
between Russia and the West, the
majority Of these nations-NATO
nations and neutrals alike-are
engaged in ambitious civil defense
programs.
Six Of these countries have sur
passed the United States in civil
defense organization, training and
and shelter development. They
are Sweden, Norway, Finland,
Denmark, the Netherlands and
Switzerland. In all of them shell
ter building is required by law and
the government sets obligatory
standards for nuclear protection.
Moving Underground
The Scandinavian and Swift
zerland in earlier years con-
centrated a good deal Of their
attention on evacuation from in
dustrial and target areas and deep
underground protection against
bomb blast. Recently Norway and
Switzerland-which might readily
be by-passed by the enemy in the
first phases of about conflict
began nationwide construction of
supplementary shelters to protect
civilians against radioactive drift.
Three other nations have man
datory shelter programs under.
consideration. They are Germany,
Belgium and Portugal. The Ger
man plan, according to press
reports, calls for a 100000 man
drafted" Civil Defense Corps and
an expenditure of 5 billion
deutsche marks ($1.25 billion) for
construction. Legislation will prob
ably be presented to Parliament
in October.
Since late May Representative
Herbert Of Louisiana and his sub
committee Of the Armed Services
Committee Of the House have been
holding hearings on Defense De-
partment proposals for amend
ment Of the present Civil Defense
Act. The department has estimated
protection against radioactive fall
out could save lives of as million
Americans in case Of nuclear war
and advocates q shelter program
budgeted at SITS million for the
first year Of operation. An ulti-
mate goal of 240 million shelter
spaces by the end Of Fiscal Year
1868 has been set.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11

tiers in France. Germany, Holland
and Britain train government Of
ficials and regional instructors in
Pathological monitoring, fire fight
ing and first aid. British civil de-
Tense workers are volunteers, but
a practical-minded establishment,
entertainingly enough, pays an
annual bounty" to those with
superior talents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-11

II the Soviet effort has far ex-
ceeded, both in training and shell
ter construction, that Of the
United States.
The testimony was given by
Leon Goure. an official Of the
Rand Corporation and a recog-
nized authority on Russian affairs.
His findings were confirmed at
the hearings by representative
Of the Defense Intelligence
Agency. The findings were in con-
tradiction to statements repeatedly
made by Premier Khrushchev and
other Red leaders that the Soviets
have no interest in civil defense.
The Soviet Program
1.-THE Soviet shelter program"
Assistant Secretary Pittman told
the Congressional subcommittee
later. sis a long-term, continuous
effort to build up a wide range of
different types of shelters. The
Soviets deny the existence Of this
program in public statements d.
rected abroad. They go to some
pains to undermine Western shell
ter efforts. However. Soviet Of
ficials talk q completely different
language to their own people
who are told civil defense Is pos
sible and necessary"
Although in earlier years there
was little community Of effort
among the United States and its
allies, the NATO nations have
now reached agreement on civil
defense policy. Less than a year
ago the United States delegation
introduced a resolution at q meet
ing Of the NATO Civil Defense
Committee. The resolution was
adopted and then, after several
months of elaboration by the
governments involved, accepted by
the NATo Senior Civil Emergency
Planning Committee. Said the res
olution In part:
THE most promising and valid
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14
Words to Be Needed

Judge Samuel I. Rosenman, chair
man OF the presidential board currently
attempting to find an end to the much
publicized "featherbedding" on the
American railroads, has launched this
effort with statement to both parties
labor and management-that should be
recognized as more than a simple exer-
else in words.
"Our economy" Judge Rosenman
said, cannot tolerate the consequences
OF a work stoppage in this industry. The
American people view such a prospect
with dismay. They will insist upon the
parties resolving their differences this
year, as they have in the past, or else
they will insist on having these differ
ences resolved in some other way. But
not by strike or lockout"
This board is in existence because
five railroad unions have threatened
nationwide rail strike II the carriers,
over a period Of years, terminate an
estimated $4,000 needless Jobs. Another
presidential board and legal action car
ried through the Supreme Court support
the carriers right to make the proposed
changes, at what the roads estimate
would be an annual saving Of $500 mil
lion. 1t is unlikely that the Rosenman
board can produce any new "facts" on
this problem, and It's task is not an easy
one In trying through supervised col
lective bargaining TO find a way ito
satisfy, II not to please" both sides. But
Judge Rosenman has stated tersely and
correctly the economic limitations on
tolerating work stoppage and the GER
tain mood OF the public at large II any
such should occur. Those who may be
tempted to rely on one-sided power
should read and heed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14
Late Political Look

For those who make politics their
business, especially those who work at
the job Of selecting and building up can
didateS who show the greatest long-term
promise, recent 1862 election analysis
by Congressional Quarterly offers poten-
TALLY valuable guidance 1t shows, for
example, that some of the winners of
last fall, Republicans and Democrats,
de m n S tr ated personal vote-getting
strength that was substantially and, in
some cases, spectacula ly ahead of their
own party colleagues. BY contrast, some
OF the highly publicized winners actually
did not fare so well by comparison with
other candidates under the same party
label
In making its study, Congressional
Quarterly examined the voting for Gov
ernor, Senator and Representative in
each Congressional District. On this
basis, 1t found that the strongest indvid-
ual vote-getterS among the gubernatorial
winners were Republicans Scranton of
Pennsylvania, Rhodes Of Ohio, Rookie
Teller Of New York, Bellmon Of Oklahoma
and Chafee Of Rhode Island. Among
Democrats the front runners were King
OF New Hampshire and Morrison of Ne
braska. In Senate elections, the candi-
dates who outran their parties by the
big margins included Republicans Ku-
chel OF California, Javits of New York and
Morton OF Kentucky. The Democrats
were LauSche Of Ohio and McGovern of
South Dakota. The victories Of Governor
Chafee In Rhode Island and Senator
McGovern in South Dakota were inter-
esting Illustrations Of individual rather
than party appeal being the difference
between winning and losing. Each won
by only few hundred votes, but Mr..
Chafee ran 1872 per cent ahead OF
G. O.P. House candidates in his State
and Mr. McGovern had a 10 per cent
edge on his Democratic colleagues in
South Dakota. AS usual Ohio's Senator
Lausche left his Democratic colleagues
lar behind-leading in all % OF the
States Congressional districts while
Democratic House candidates won only
six, and polling vote IT'S per cent
larger than the total for his party. eve
hope this will encourage more political
independence in Congress)
BY contrast, there we're two promi-
nent statewide winners-Governor Con-
naily OF Texas and Senator Kennedy OF
Massachusetts, - who ran behind their
Democratic party vote for House seats.
Two featured Republicans, Governor
Romney OF Michigan and Senator Dirk
sen Of Illinois, recorded only very modest
margins over the totals given @. o. p.
House candidates
II would be mistake, no doubt, to
read too much potential national signi-
fieance into demonstrations Of unusual
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14
Big Shoes

Chancellor Adenauer Of West Ger
many now has publicly proclaimed, for
the first time, that he will retire to
private life in the fall. He has done so
in televiSion interview in which he
has declared as follows: IT will seek my
retirement in october November of
1963"-without any ifs, butts or maybes
This puts to rest some rather silly rumors
to the effect that he has an uncontrol-
liable desire to remain in power forever,
despite the fact that he is already 81
years old. He is much sounder person
than that. The years have crept over
him in an obviously numerous fashion,
but he does not resent it, and he is ready
to withdraw from the field in favor of
somebody. Ludwig Erhard, 66, is the man
IN line. He will have big shoes to fill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14

iously awaiting the reports
Of the first gun. At last two
flashes Of fire burst from
Fort Moultrie and two shots
flew across the bow Of the
Weehawken, the foremost
Monitor, that seemed 10 have
approached within less than
half a mile. This fairly
opened the action. The sus-
pense did not last long. Six
bells had just struck when
q dull sound. like that Of q
sledge hammer upon an an
VII. was heard on the bow
port side. II was the hostile
greeting Of Fort Sumter, now
within 1000 yards Of US. A
second and a third more vio-
lent tnan the flrst Snook the
side Of the ship. Soon there
were whizzing and hummlnR
Of rifled and round shot and
shell overhead. But, harkl
There is a reverberation as
though Of numerous. stimuli
taneous thunderclaps. Now q
fierce, increasing roar vi
brating the air with q vio-
lefce that causes even the
solid mass Of our ship TO
tremble. A look through the
open port on the port side
discloses the causes Of the
furious outburst. The first
four Monitors had reached
the converging point Of Cum
ming's Point battery, Fort
Sumter and Moultrie. The
enemy evidently reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14
LETTERS TO THE STAR
The Negro and D. c. Crime

every member of the COM
munity owes it to the COM
munity that he willingly give
information needed in the
apprehension and detection
Of malefactors to police and
other law enforcement Off
Gals, and that he do what
ever he can to oppose the
propaganda, usually by those
who seek to profit by with
holding information, that an
informer is somehow despic-
able and that there is some
thing noble about sheltering
and protecting persons seek
ing to hide from criminal in
veStigation.
E. L. Green.
-
The article THE Negro and
D. c. Crime" was very true
and very good.
C0letOn Werlich.
- 80
1t Is good to hear from
spokesman Of the colored
community such as Bert
Cumby. whose fine state
ment appeared in The Sun
day Star. This evidence that
there are points Of view
other than those usually pre-
sented from that community
is most encouraging. Mr..
Cumby makes some good
suggestions; no doubt others
will add to his list. Certainly
if the problems of crime,
education, welfare parasitism,
law enforcement, and so on,
are to be solved in Washing
ton and higher standards Of
citizenship developed here,
both the colored and white
communities must face the
unpleasant facts and put
their shoulders to the wheel.
Let's hear from more peo-
pie like Mr.. Cumby.
Ora MarshinO.
It is reassuring to know
that there still exist in the
Washington Negro commu-
nifty those who think as Bert
Cumby does about the crime
situation In our Nations
Capital. 1t is good to hear
him say that the Jacksons
and the Reeves do not really
represent the feeling Of the
Negro population as a whole.
While discomfort with Sec
ond-class citizenship is a
sure sign Of progress, it is the
Negro himself who must prove
his worth Of higher status.
To begin with, the Negro
must show his willingness to
work by accepting any hon.
est employment available to
him, and by doing a good
Job. He must show his re-
sponsibility by helping the
police to curb crime. He
must discourage indulgence
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14
Rickover VS.. PTAs

A strident PTA member re-
Gently castigated Admiral
Rickover, calling him 1.-THE
Ancient Mariner" for not
recognizing the earth-shak-
ing Importance Of PTA. AS
the Marines are careful to
point out: There are former
Marines and dead Marines,
but no ex-Marines. I am
very gratefully an ex-teacher,
and one OF the chief reasons
for my self-inflicted purga-
tory Is that windy combina-
ton OF ballyhoo and tally
no. the PTA.
The great Importance that
PTA women attach TO their
activities is born Of frustra-
ton. Women are so bonn
barded with success stories
OF lady Senators, judges, etc,
that the PTA becomes the
psychological haven for every
bush-league Daniel Webster
languishing behind every pic
ture window In our land.
A typical PTA meeting con-
sists OF women who gurgle.
i've heard so much about
you'll" II teachers got a quar-
ter everytime they hear this
there would never be any
need 10 talk OF higher sala-
ries. / never heard anything
approaching a satisfactory
reply 10 that remark. which
quickly produces moments Of
dark introspection as you
begin TO wonder what the
devil II is they've heard.
Things run through your
mind: Cd The barefoot
Charleston you did on top OF
a pool table In the fraternity
house. 90 That hotel room
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14
Easter Sunday

Easter is the most arbitrary of Chris
tan Feasts.
1t cannot, like Christmas, be con-
verified to cosy or commercial uses. Rab-
bits, chickens and new bonnets fade
away before the thunderous affirmation
Of the empty tomb, before the calm dec
laration, HE is riSen He is not here"
Even the most facile find that Easter
does not lend itself to Sentimentalizing
Neither for that matter, does Christian
ity, but great efforts have been made to
transform it into pleasant and COM
Portable cult which makes life pleasanter
here and hereafter.
ChriSt'S dominion over life was
proven from the first He changed the
water into wine; multiplied the loaveS
and fishes; He caused the deaf to hear
and the blind to see; He commanded
Lazarus to come forth.
All the while he issued the most ex-
traordinary instructions:
"LoUe your enemies; do good to
them Which hate you"
"Let him Who is Without sin cast
Lhe JtTSt SC0ne
"LoUe one another as I haze loved
you"
They were imperfectly understood
at the time. In the present era of elab-
crate qualification, hair-Splitting and
strenuous distortion, they seem both
impoSsibly simple and impoSsibly diff
ficult
1t is ChriSt'S dominion over death
that makes it necessary to try to obey
His commands. BY His Resurrection, the
Son of Man proved that He is God
who can redeem all men. For the mes
sage Of Easter, he spoke plain to the
Apostles when they asked him almost
in despair, who could be saved:
"The things which are impossible
with men are possible with God"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14
100 Years Ago

The Cradle Of the Con-
federacy"-Charleston, s. c.
rocked from the thunder
Of Federal cannon a century
ago. The Federal Govern
ment ordered Admiral Sam
uel DUPONT to shell this
Southern port for various
reasons: 1t wanted to release
Union vessels blockading
Charleston to chase down
Confederate ships operating
elsewhere. Seizure Of this
secessionist capital would do
much for the North's morale.
Also, II would show Europe
the United States Navy was q
power not TO be trifled with.
Charleston. under Gen.
Beauregard's direction, was
circled with big land guns
and the harbor bristled with
batteries. DUPONT began bonn
harding Charleston on April
7. 1858. His fleet of Moni-
tors included the New IRON
sides, q casemated warship
Of some 5000 tons. 1t mount
ed 10 Dahlgren guns and two
Parrot rifles. on pivots. ca
pable Of throwing a devastat-
ing broadside. But as for
midable as this naval force
was. the Confederate forts
we're more than q match.
DUPONT said after the battle:
II attempted to take the bull
by the horns. but he was too
much for u.s." The action in
Charleston harbor was 'front.'
page news In The Star for a
week thereafter. This paper
on April IS. 1853. quoted a
New York Tribune corre-
spondent who was aboard
the New Ironsides: Nearer
and nearer did we approach:
clearer and clearer become
the lines Of the rebel de-
lenses. Ahead we steam. an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-04-14

mix-up at the sorority con-
vention. 90 The panty raid
that year you were a dorm
proctor. I often came so close
to saying, But daddy gave
him $4,000 to keep quiet"
Professional pedagogues love
the PTA because 1t makes
them think they are working
long hours like doctors, law
yers and other important
people. However, I never OBJ
served anything important
enough to justify all the fuss.
Once, though. my presence
was demanded on a matter
of great depth. In one Of my
history classes the textbook
discussed the Roman Vestal
Virgins. This intrigued the
moppets. who wanted TO
know more about 1t. When
asked what a young lady had
TO do TO become one. ! re-
piled. correctly enough, that
she must be chaste.
"Where?" asked a pimpled
pundit.
Through the woods, with
a bear behind" says I. Three
mothers called me that night,
requesting my appearance at
PTA TO straighten things out.
When ! entered / heard them
hiss, That's herl" Where
upon the worthy Roman ma
irons descended on me.
II Admiral Rickover is the
Ancient Mariner, I could 20
on ad infinitum 10 prove that
the PTA is a more cumber-
some albatross slung around
the neck OF education than
Coleridge ever dreamed OF.
And he had some pretty
weird dreams.
Florence King.