davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20

populatlon growth Will make
1t more of one. It can doom
itself to steady disintegra-
ton If 1t fails to under.
stand the problems 30 starkly
delineatec by the present
reality.
Mao Tze-tung, for example.
speaks angrily to the world
with perhaps TOO mil
lion persons in his domain.
One Of every four persons on
earth is Chinese. II Is esti-
mated that by 1870 Macs
China will have a population
OF one billion. A handful is
Christian.
In the Asian area, roughly
identified by its largest cities
Tokyo, New Delhi, Colombo,
Cairo. Jakarta, and others
are more than half the peo-
pie in the world. An over
whelming majority Of them
are Moslem or Buddhist. Less
than one per cent are Chris.
tians. Russia allows only TO-
ken Christian and Jewish
worship. Membership is small.
Missionaries Undercut
Anglicans now are conduct
ing q world congress at To.
ronto. (These congresses are
held each decaceJ The gen.
eral subject of each congress
is Mission to the World"
The delegates will agree on q
blueprint Of action. Much of
1t will be direct. The Chris
tian church must make It.
self relevant to the lives of
men. Governments do so un-
der pressure Of economic and
political needs. Certainly re.
ligion can do no less.
The Anglican church 10
making slow gains in Africa
and Asia. With the passing
OF Colonialism, the Anglican
church 49, and the Roman
Catholic - began TO train
more priests and to elevate
the experienced TO positions
OF church leadership. COZ 40
million communicates in the
Anglican faith, GA million
are In Africa
The charge to go into ali
the world and preach the gos-
pei" has been obeyed by men
and women who have left
records Of heroism, under
standing, and personal sacri-
flee. Today's missionaries are
being undercut by racism in
the United States and South
Africa. Every day more Amer.
lean churches realize this.
This realization is why there
is more direct action. :.
more blueprints to make
Christianity relevant to life
and To the human condition
In general.
All RlEhts Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20
THE POLITICAL MILL
If Barry and Rocky Put on Mitts?
By GOULD LINCOLN

The Oregon primary Ia O
wide-open affair, with the
supporters Of any candidate
free to enter his name. n
can only be withdrawn II the
candidate formally asks that
his name be eliminated from
the ballot. Whether Gov.
Hatfield would desire to
enter the primary II either
Gov. Rockefeller or Senator
Goldwater, or both, are en-.
tered remains to be seen.
Ditch Goldwater Effort
Part Of the campaign to
ditch Senator Goldwater Is
to have sufficient number Of
"favorite- ready and
willing to hold their dele
gates away from the Arizona
Senator. In Wisconsin. which
has an important primary
election, the effort is being
made to elect a delegation
committed to Representative
John w. Byrnes in q hold
ing operation. But whether
Mr.. Byrnes could win against
hard drives by a Goldwater
or a Rockefeller is still an
open question.
Either Gov. Rockefeller or
Senator Goldwater could pull
the rug from under much Of
this political maneuvering by
simply announcing he will not
run. The New Yorker did just
that in December, 1859, and
left the field to the then Vice
President Nixon. All the re-
ports today are to the effect
that Gov. Rockefeller Is In
the race to stay; that he will
enter two or more Of the
presidential primaries - pre-
ferably New Hampshire's pri-
mary and California's. II he
entered the New Hampshire
primary and lost there to
Senator Goldwater, 1t might
mean Sudden death" to his
1864 presidential ambitions.
However, the late Senator
Bob Taft Of Ohio lost the New
Hampshire primary to Gen.
Eisenhower in 1852 and con-
tinued in the race and gave
the General a hard battle in
the national convention. But
If Senator Goldwater, or
Gov. Rockefeller - or any
other candidate-could pick
up victories in the New
Hampshire, Wisconsin. Illi-
nois, New Jersey, Oregon and
California primaries, or even
two or three Of these States,
he would be in position to
make q strong bid for the
nomination in the national
convention next July. ...
A lot of water has still to
run over the political dam in
the next few months. Sen
ator Goldwater is faced with
voting on several important
issues, including the nuclear
test ban and civil rights.
Gov. Rockefeller does not
have to vote on any of them.
He has, however. come out
for the ratification Of the test
ban, and his stand In favor
of civil rights" is as widely
known as that of President
Kennedy. In the meantime,
too. gossip continues about
compromise and darkhorse
candidates. with Gov. Scran.
ton. Gov. Romney Of Michi-
gan and Senator Morton Of
Kentucky very much In the
picture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20

1t is only through the SUR
vival of that orderly society
that human liberty and free
dom, at least as we know II,
can be achieved, or even
conceived. An orderly So
ciety requires an effectively
operating government with
adequate police power to
secure and protect the COM
mon good. Because 1t is the
common good which is to be
protected. necessarily the
individual good" will, at
times, be limited and con-
fined or, indeed, frustrated
in the proper exercise Of
such powers.
In a democratic society, all
freedom is limited by the
responsibility OF each in
dividual to his fellowman
and his community. All free
doms have limitations--no
man has the freedom OF
speech to shout "Fire!" in q
crowded theater. My freedom
OF assembly under the First
Amendment is not absolute.
1t is confined by many activ-
tiles Of government. Not the
least Of these, in a very real
and practical sense, is actu-
ally the exercise Of police
power to require a drivers
permit to operate q motor
vehicle. Without the facility
Of the automobile. 1t is al
together unlikely that I
could possibly travel the dis
lance today required TO reach
the site OF the assembly. In
this sense. probably all who
attended the public hearing
did so only by virtue OF a
permit. The power OF the
state to withhold my driving
permit does indeed consti-
tute potential power to very
severely abridge my freedom
Of assembly: yet that is an
admittedly proper exercise Of
police power because Of the
menace TO public safety and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20

however, does not offer a neat, make
believe solution to the problems of the
cold war and nuclear age. But 1t does
offer US a chance to survive as free
country until real solutions can be found.
The establishment must be continually
reviewed as weapons and world problems
change, but 1t should not be abandoned
because of a know-nothing slogan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20

Gov. Rockefeller Of New
York and his aides seem to
be doing all the talking today
regarding the presidential
race next year. He pictures
his potential rival, Senator
Barry Goldwater Of Arizona.
as q likely captive Of the
John Birch Society and the
so called radical right"
Senator Goldwater, aside
from denying any connection
with the John Birch Society,
has ignored these attacks,
which have come almost
weekly. Both the Governor
and the Senator are to speak
to the Western Republican
Conference on the same day,
october IL, in Eugene, Greg,
though not appearing to-
gether. Oregon happens to
be one Of the important pres
idential preferential primary
States. Also, the Western Re-
publican Conference Is COM
posed Of the leaders Of the
party organizations in the Is
Western States. The semi
conformation Of the two lat
preSent) leading candidates
for the Republican presiden-
tial nomination will give the
Westerners a chance to look
over both men-and 1t may
be important.
Fifteen Of the so States,
including Oregon, will hold
presidential primaries in
1854, and also the District Of
Columbia. New York elects
its district delegates to the
Republican National Conven-
ton, and 1t is usually known
toward whom they lean, al
though they are elected "un-
instructed" The Rockefeller
camp Is intent on seeing that
all the New York delegates
are tied to the Governor, and
that Senator Goldwater does
not pick up any upstate, con-
sentative members Of the
delegation.
Primaries Schedule
The presidential primary
States and the dates Of their
elections next year are New
Hampshire, March 10; Wis.
consin. April Z; Illinois, April
IA; New Jersey, April 81:
Massachusetts,, April 20;
Pennsylvania. April %; Dis
trict Of Columbia, May 5;
Indiana, May S; Ohio, May
S; Nebraska, May IL; West
Virginia, May IL; Oregon,
May is: Maryland, May 10;
Florida, May 26; California,
June 2: South Dakota, June
Q. OF these States, only four
have Republican Governors.
In other words, only four
have outstanding Republican
leaders who may become ia
vorite-son candidates. The
four are Pennsylvania, Ohio,
oregon and South Dakota.
Gov. Scranton Of Pennsyl-
vania already has said he
probably would become his
States favorite-son candi-
date, although disavowing
any present intention Of be-
coming an active candidate
for the presidential nominal
ton. Ohio's Gov. Rhodes also
may well become q favorite-
son candidate. Gov. Hatfield
Of Oregon has still to make
a decision in that regard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20
PEOPLE AND Problem
Christianity More Than a LABEL Pin
BY RALPH McGILL

Those persons who profess
to be Christian but who
have carved the rock of their
faith down to q private club
lapel pin, are slowly being
left behind by the great
body of Roman Catholic and
Protestant leadership which
has begun to move - chal-
lenged by the sense Of ur-
gency that characteriZes the
goth century.
Roman Catholics in New
York City have been asked,
in q pastoral letter read in
400 parish churches, to
participate in the civil rights
march in Washington on
August %. State and local
councils Of churches, ma
tional and regional denomi-
national agencies, and in
dividual congregations in
a many parts Of the country
have chartered buses and
planes to take them to
the Nations Capital for DEM
onstration in behalf Of equal
civil rights for all citizens.
~ will be a massive parade
Of peoples Of both races.
Many synagogues and units
OF the American Jewish Con-
gress will also be in the
march.
Inter.Faith Movement
The march, which was
planned when Southern con-
gressmen. announced they
would offer q demonstration
by filibuster. Is not, Of course,
merely q Christian move
ment. 1t is one by Americans
OF all faiths who are join
ing in support of the Ameri-
can principle Of equal OPP
portunity before the law and
equal protection by 1t. But
that the Christian organiza-
tons Of the Nation should so
dedicate themselves TO this
massive support OF the
American ethic and moral
principle is significant. 1t
means that the overwhelming
leaders OF the organized re-
ligious, Jewish, Roman Catho-
lie and Protestant, now are
committed, as they were not
even q year ago, TO direct
action.
by their work ye shall
know them" commented q
speaker at q National Coun-
Gil Of Churches meeting. .
I'VE are going to be judged
by our works and by the
fruit OF the Christian tree.
Therefore. Christians must
be willing TO act like Chris
tians."
There is reason 10 think
and act.
Christianity is q minority
movement. The very fact Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20
OyerkM Nonsense

"a great deal Of nonsense Is being
written about "overkill" by persons who
have more fear than knowledge about
our nuclear-weaponS Stockpile. They
seem to believe that Presidents Eisen-
hover and Kennedy bought all of those
weapons through oversight and that If
some well-meaning stranger points out
that we have enough arms to kill"
Russian cities many times over we can
throw most Of the weapons away.
The overkill argument has not i'm
pressed the congressional committees
that understand military problems, nor
has 1t impressed defense officials in two
administrations who have reviewed the
size OF the stockpile continually The
argument has impressed persons, how
ever, who insist on a simple-and SIM
e-minded-Solution to immensely COM
pick and dangerous defense problems.
The fact is that we have a gigantic
nuclear stockpile and a $50 billion de-
tense budget for reasons that are logical,
not whimsical. Here is the chain Of logic
that two administrations have followed
with the support Of the American people:
First, we must be ready to defend
ourselves somehow. Some of the overkill
criers are pacifistS; this country is not.
Second, we must be able to help
defend our friends and allies. Some of
the critics are willing to abandon them.
Third, as long as any potential en-
envy has nuclear weapons, we must have
them, too.
Fourth, as long as these weapons
exist they can be used, deliberately or
by accident, despite the obvious dangers
Of nuclear war and despite continual
efforts to put Safety-locks on weapons.
This is one basic assumption that the
overkill crowd surely can agree with.
Fifth, the course of any nuclear
war is impossible to predict. Or at least
our generals don't believe they can pre-
dict 1t, even though some college pro-
fessors in this dispute think they can.
Sixth, people are better off alive
than dead. This should appeal to the
humanitarian instincts Of the overkill
people, but 1t rarely seems to.
With these assumptions in mind,
the Pentagon has built a military force
over the years which is as flexible and
bound up with safety factors as $50
billion year can make 1t. 1t is designed
to deter wars, large and small, against
us and our allies. 1t is designed to offer
our leaders a chance to steer us through
q war, II, God forbid, deterrence fails,
with a maximum chance OF avoiding
total national. destruction. 1t would
permit alternative strategies and life
saving restraints. 1t includes non-nu-
clear weapons which can be used in
preference to nuclear weapons.
The overkill argument says that
since we can perform the simple nu-
clear-age job Of killing enemy civilians
with a smaller force we should throw
away everything but handful Of the
biggest, most horrible nuclear weapons,
aim them at Russian civilians and
promise to fire II our interests are VIC
lated-knowing full we'll that the Rus
SLAMS will incinerate US from border TO
border in return.
Our large defense establishment,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry toriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSG-
ton. Those not used will be
returned only tphen accom-
panied By self . addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-20

foreign aid-to make a few
of the improvements needed
in this Hell's Highway? Could
we persuade the President,
the Cabinet and the members
of Congress to drive these
murderous miles some rush
hour and see how often--and
how needlessly
death beckons in sight of the
Capitol dome?
Fred E. Galbraith, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24

but during the past year peo-
pie have been more and more
concerned about visiting WASH
ington. There Is a lot OF talk
about the crime wave. Some
have even said that II you
want 10 commit suicide 90 10
Washington and walk the
streets at night"
Some leaders had a more
relaxed feeling about the stu
alton. At the Natural History
Museum. Carl W. Boyd. a foot
ball coach In Toccoa. Ca. said.
I'VE read in the papers back
home that two schools in
South Carolina cancelled out,
but II made no difference 10
Us. We've been coming here
IS years and I've been with
them a number OF years and
I'd say IT'S the same old WASH
See CRIME. Page Ale
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24

their own at night to movies.
Today. they won't even let the
children leave their hotel at
night. It's a damn shame and
In the Nations Capital, too"
James johnson. q civics
teacher in Florida's Brentwood
Junior High said. Some par
ents were quite concerned about
how much free time they have.
I'm responsible for 10 boys and
II they want TO go 10 a movie
at might or walk along the
street. I go with them"
Herding another Florida
group across 10 the Smithso-
Man Institution was Mrs. Ma
nellie Shell who said, 1T
sounded terrible before we
came. All we heard was You
don't dare 20 out at night 81
the streets OF Washington Par
ents talked about II. but we
wouldn't dream OF not coming.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24
by MYRA MACPHERSON
Star staff Writer

Washington's crime situation
has sent q wave Of anxiety
through the leaders Of high
school groups making their an
nual pilgrimage TO the Ma
tons Capital.
A survey o. chaperons accom-
panying the visiting teen-agers
revealed yesterday that new
rules In force this year provide
little free time for the students,
collective night tours 10 while
away the evenings. and imposi-
ton OF a $3.50 pm. curfew.
Most OF the tour leaders In
town during these early days
Of spring - the first wave Of
seven million teen-agers VIII
will visit the year--said that
through recent nation wide
stories they we're aware Of day
light muggings. purse snatch
ings. robberies and accounts Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24
WAVE OF ANXIETY
Rise in Crime Curbs Activities of YOUNG Visitors
WAVE OF ANXIETY

tourists slugged while taking
pictures Of the Capitol.
However, unlike two schools
Chairman Mcmillan Of the
House District Committee cited
as having skipped class trips
because OF the city's crime pic
ture, no group leader said there
was any consideration Of can
ceiling. But their rules are as
strict as they can make them
and still give the children a
chance 10 see the city.
washington used 10 be ia
nous for the White House. the
Smithsonian. and the Capitol,
but II is becoming more famous
for It's crime" said q bus driv-
err. Thinking Of the two young
Pennsylvania girls who were
abducted at gunpoint and at
tackled while leaving a movie
Friday night. he added. II re-
member years ago when chap
erons would let kids 60 out on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24

But those chilcren are never
out Of our sight"
Richard Carroll Of Bethesda,
helping his sister. Mrs. Bernice
Mauch Of Rosemont, Pa. drive
81 members Of her Girl Scout
troop around town said. MY
sister was very apprehensive
about bringing the girls TO
washington because OF the
crime conditions here. She had
no thought Of canceling. but
she kept a much closer eye on
the children"
An English teacher, Mrs. Lena
Hoffman Of Johnstown. Pa,
said We're aware there IL a
danger here and they're very
well instructed about t."
A Greyhound bus driver from
North Carolina said. "Ive been
coming up 10 Washington with
tourists for several years now.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24
Clay Report Urges
Substantial Aid Cuts
First Negro Is Slated
For F ederoI Bench Here
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
Star Staff Writer

Charles T. Duncan. principal
assistant United States attorney
for the District, is slated for
nomination as a United States
District Court Judge, 1t was
learned last night.
He would be the first Negro
ever to serve on the Federal
bench here and the fifth serv-
ing in Federal courts through
out the Nation.
Nomination Of the 38-year-
old prosecutor is expected to be
submitted to the Senate within
a week.
Mr.. Duncan would fill the
District Court vacancy created
by the death of Judge James
w. Morris in November, 1860.
Washington-born, Mr.. Dun
can is the only son of Todd
Duncan, who created the role
of Porgy in George Gershwin's
"Porgy and Bess" and who now
trains young people here for
the concert and opera stage.
Other ''Firsts"
Selection as a District Court
judge would be another first
for the younger Mr.. Duncan.
He was the first Negro chosen
to head a division in the pro-
secutor's office here when he
became chief of the appellate
division. He also was the first
Negro to be principal assistant
in the United States attorneys
office here.
Before he went into the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24
BY the Associated Press

A statement by q presidential
committee that foreign aiC
should be cut seemed to give
new impetus last night to Z
Congressional drive to curtail
the program. but one influeri.
tial Congressman called the
findings absolutely meaning
less"
Members who commented
were nearly unanimous in pre-
dieting the report of the COM
mittee. headed by Gen Lucius
d. Clay, would make it more
difficult for President Kennedy
to get anywhere near the SAB
billion he budgeted for foreign
aid.
The committee said the pro-
gram should be cut $500 mil
lion Immediately.
However, there was a differ
ent reaction from Representa-
tive PasSman. Democrat from
Louisiana, chairman Of the For
eign Aid Subcommittee on APP
preparations:
THE committees recommen-
dalton for a reduction is abso-
lutely meaningless. 1t knows.
and the record shows. that the
Congress cuts the Presidents
foreign aid request an average
of 81 billion each year. Last
year Congress cut 1t by ST.
O32. 400. 0oO."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24
SPORTS ROUNDUP
LoyoIu Takes
NCAA Title

loyoIo Of chleoso, down by IS
points in the second holt, sursed
from behind TO win the NcAA
basketball championship. 60-5s.
in overtime over champion cincin-
mott lost night Of Louisville, Ky.
A tip-in at the overtime buzzer by
Vic Rouse wos the decisive shot.
keIsO won the Campbell Hondi-
cop ct Bowie and the Senators
nipped the Pirotes. IL. in their
spring troinins exhibition game,
among other sports results. A home
run by Don Lock in the top Of the
ninth inning wos the winning blow
for Washington.
kelso. ridden by lsmoeI volen-
zueIo, eoueht on 1871 shot, 6ush-
ing Wind, inithe lost 18th Of mile
10 capture the compbelI before a
crowd Of 2o.S73 ct Bowie.
Detoils IN Sports Section.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-24

United States attorneys office
in 1861, his law practice was
largely In civil cases. Since be-
coming a prosecutor, he has
tried some IA criminal cases
and won them all-including
the felony-murder conviction
Of the killer Of Miksa Merson,
a former concert pianist
dubbed to death on the street
near his home on Ashmead
place NV.
Mr.. Duncan, who is not re-
lated to John B. Duncan, the
Districts first Negro Commits
See DUNCAN, Page Ale