davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
Pekinq and the Bomb

Speaking through Radio Moscow, the
Kremlin has just told the Chinese Com
muniStS that they do not need nuclear
weapons. And why not? Well, because
they can count upon the Soviet Union
to come instantly to their defense If
they are ever attacked from any quarter.
AS the Moscow broadcast has put it,
there is Sino-Soviet treaty of mutual
assistance, and "the Soviet Union has
repeatedly pointed out that it considers
an attack on the Peoples Republic of
China to be an attack on the Soviet
Union itself. Therefore, If the Peoples
Republic of China is subject to an at
tack, the entire might of the Soviet
Union will fall upon the aggreSSor. What
greater security can China ask for?"
Picking, however, looks with jaun-
diced and contemptuouS eye on the
credibility Of this thesis. Actually, as it
has made clear in It's latest 1O,OOO-word
TRADE against Khrushchev g. Company,
it reposes little or no trust in MoScow's
pledges. Thus, to document its case, it
has openly accused the Kremlin of bad
faith and double-dealing in failing to
help Red China build a nuclear arsenal
Of its own-a project that the Russians
are supposed to have promised to carry
forward as fast as possible.
According to Peking, this promise was
made in a formal agreement signed,
sealed and delivered back in 1857. Among
other things, the agreement, again &C
cording to Picking, committed the Krem-
lin to give Red China sample atomic
bomb, together with technical data on
how to manufacture the weapon and
develop missile delivery system for it,
But the sample was never received, and
the Russians offered only grudging and
strictly limited laboratory cooperation,
which came to an abrupt end in 1859.
This end was ordered, say the Chinese
Communists, by Kremlin cravenly in
tent upon seeking peaceful coexiStence
with the West. The Peking statement
has summed up the matter as follows:
I'm the opinion Of Soviet leaders, in this
nuclear century to remain alive Is every
thing, and there is no aim in life. This is
the philosophy Of willing slaves, which
demands of the worlds people that they
submit to the tender mercies of i'm
perialiSm. 1t is reactionary theory :.
1t is truly beStial concept"
Here is language that makes the Sino-
Soviet pact seem practically dead de-
spite the KremlinS effort to persuade
the Chinese Communists that they can
feel secure with It, Clearly, as between
China and Russia, the factor Of credi-
bility in terms of mutual defense Is far
more open to question than it is between
America and its NATO allies-particu-
larly Gaullist France-which are not too
sure, despite the closeneSs Of Western
ties, of our country's willingness to go
about in defense of free Europe.
BY way of contrast, of course, his
torically, economically, territorially, cul-
turally, racially and otherwise, Red
China and the Soviet Union have dis
PARTIES and rivalrieS far greater than
those found in the West. Perhaps it is
for this reason, above all, that Peking
responds Scornfully to the Kremlin'S
mutual-defenSe assurances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
Welcome Burden

1t Is good to note that the drive to
reduce dropoutS in District schools was
not permitted to lag this summer.
Thanks largely to personal visits from
a number of dedicated teachers and
counSelorS during the vacation period,
some 300 children who quit school last
year have promised to give it another
try.
This is an encouraging first step,
but only that. The more difficult chal-
lenge, once these youngsters are back in
the classroom, is to keep them this time
to overcome the various problems Of
need or despair or lack of interest which
may have led them to leave before. This
will require extraordinary effort. And
1t is the height of irony that this effort,
which means so much to both the chill
dren and to the community, should be
jeopardized now by an acute shortage
of teachers.
Fortunately, there is no shortage of
new teacher applicants. According to
Deputy School Superintendent Riecks,
a sufficient number of interested ap-
plicantS already have been lined up to
meet the immediate need. But they
cannot be hired without specific au-
thority from Congress.
In the meantime, the teacher force
is frozen at last years level, despite an
anticipated enrolment increase of 5000
pupils. The expected return of a large
number of dropoutS will, as one official
put 1t, add to the burden" This is one
burden, however, which is most welcome.
Surely some emergency provision can be
made to authorize some additional
teachers now, without waiting for the
entire District budget to wend its tedi-
GUS way through Congress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
Pipe Dream Salaries
J. r. Smith.

Reference Is made to your
editorial Of August II, en-
titled Pipe Dream Salaries"
particularly to the paragraph
concerning Federal District
judges. You state, in sub
stance, that the present level
of compensation Is adequate
to attract many competent
attorneys" and that an in
crease Is therefore not nee
eSsary.
While there may be a diff
ference Of opinion as to the
size Of the pay increases
recommended by the Randall
Committee, I think most law
yers land others who are
knowledgeable on this SUBJ
ject) would agree that the
present compensation of
District Judges Is too low and
that some increase Ii justi-
fled in order to attract to the
Federal bench those best
fitted by character, ability
and temperament to decide
issues Of the greatest private
and public Importance. I
would like to emphasize that
mere competency" is not
enough; the public interest
in the fair and efficient adj
ministration of justice re-
quires that members of the
bench be something more
than competent" This would
seem to be self-evident.
The so-called "built-in
expenSe-saving features"
which you cite in support Of
your position are not exactly
fringe benefits" I don't
believe you would seriously
contend that the supplying
Of free office space or secre-
tarial help should be in
cluded as part Of ones COM
pensation, whether he be in
private industry or an official
of the United States. Inciden-
tally, aside from the Chief
Justice Of the United States,
can you name a single Fed
eral judge to whom the
Government supplies a lin
CUISINE?
John H. Pratt,
President, Bar Association
of the District Of Columbia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04

and so Prof. Cain must deal
with it and with such figures
as Billy James Hargis who
has stated in print that 1T
is my contention that the
majority of the American
newspapers are actively pro-
noting the Communist line"
But there are many things
that are serious, and in his
eagerness to put forth some
of the more peculiar land
very readable) rantings of
his more extreme subjects,
Prof. Cain may have under
emphasized these.
He does not, for example,
devote sufficient systematic
attention to the strange con-
fusion of political liberty and
traditional economic liberty
that afflicts a good deal of
American politics.
THERE is AIM OST
NOTHING about the essen
tial unreality of the view
that a public bureaucracy is
a tyranny and a private"
bureaucracy (that is, one
owned by ineffective stock
holders and operated by
highly effective management
is an example of individual
enterprise differing i'll no
significant way from the
business of an independent
craftsman.
The omission is odd, for
one would guess that this
blindness has its roots some
where in personality: it GER
tainly has none in the exter-
nal world. And Prof. Cain
talks a good deal about per-
sonality as an element that
predisposes individuals to hold
one, or another sort of po-
litical viewpoint.
Personality traits and So
cial circumstances must have
something to do too with the
almost universal tendency of
the extreme right to live in
bellicose fear, to see con-
spiracy everywhere, and to
seek to save itself land the
rest of us) by suppression and
then more suppression. But
here again, we find less in
formation then we might
want.
1t is more fun to compare
Senator's Goldwater's quiet,
solicitous care for assuring
Arizona the greatest possible
share of the Federal dollar
with his general pronounce
ments on the correct use Of
that dollar. In matters like
this, Prof. Cain is more than
well informed and often very
funny. Perhaps he tries to
cover too much, but his book
Is useful nevertheless.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
A. u.
We0ried by Lawrence

David Lawrence has writ
ten so much common sense
about our contemporary
problems that 1t is sad to find
him so doctrinaire and so
seemingly impervious to COM
mon sense where the civil
rights issue is concerned.
A case in point are his fire.
quent structures on the
Fourteenth Amendment, the
equal-protection-of-the laws
clause which was the
basis Of the Supreme Courts
1854 decision on school in
tegration. Mr.. Lawrence is
fond of reminding us that
this amendment was sub
mitted to the States by a
Congress in which IL south
ern States had no represen-
tation and that for all prac-
tical purposes 1t was ratified
by those States only under
dureSs. His history is accu-
rate. but hardly complete,
since 1t blithely overlooks
that some 500 court decisions
favorable to the interests of
American business also rest
on a clause (the due-process)
of that same amendment. To
the best of my knowledge
Mr.. Lawrence has never OBJ
jected to any of these de-
cisions on the grounds that
the amendment they rest on
originated under dubious
circumstances; and that now,
in the face of the civil rights
discussion, he should sud-
denly find the Fourteenth
too Illegal to contemplate
strikes me, as 1t must many
readers, as being as specious
as it is belated.
Indeed while Mr.. Lawrence
is on the subject of the
Fourteenth, why no mention
OF the Thirteenth Amend
ment? That, too, was ratified
In the South under duress,
and If Mr., Lawrence thinks,
therefore, that, too, should
be abolished and slavery re-
instated, by all means let
him quit beating about the
bush and say so.
These words are not writ
ten by a wholesale advocate
OF the civil rights package
now before Congress. I am
dubious about the public
accommodations section; I
have q suspicion that to
write that into law will be
to set a precedent that later
on many American citizens,
irrespective OF color. will
have cause to regret. In any
event l believe this TO be
the time when careful and
sensible discussion Of these
issues is desperately needed;
and the point of my criti-
cism OF Mr.. Lawrence is that
he is not pulling his share OF
the load in this respect when
he wearies us with academic
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
Bisters the Mail

Washingtonians are being
gypped: Nowadays the motto
of postal employees seems to be
More Money and Less Work"
When Woodrow Wilson, a
Jeffersonian Democrat, oc-
cupied the White House, two
deliveries Of mail were made
daily. Valuable books and
small packages were delivered
personally to the addressee;
these now are placed on a
table in the lobby, and hardly
a week goes by that some
first-clasS mail is not inserted
in wrong mailboxes. Postal
rates recently were hiked but
the service is becoming atroc-
ious.
From colonial times the
postal service has been used
as a political football. For
merly thousands of postmast-
ers were appointed with each
change Of administration, but
approximately 80 years ago
a puissant Tammany politico
after making the appoint
mentS railroaded them into
the Civil Service. This swash-
buckling Tammanyite also
made lavish appointments of
a certain element in the per-
sonnet operating in the postal
service in Washington, which
according to press reports is
similarly extending to other
metropolitan areas in various
parts Of the country.
1t appears that the entire
postal system Is developing
into a gigantic nationwide
political machine destined to
garner votes for the New
Frontier. The courteous and
reliable service heretofore
rendered is rapidly becoming
a fond remembrance Of the
horse and buggy days, and
taxpayers are shovelling out
vast sums of money for in
ferior service.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
THE PASSING SCENE
Kennedy's Reclamation Project
BY WILLIAM S. WHITE

morous night Of long ago at
the Democratic national con-
vention in Los Angeles, John
F. Kennedy was put over
primarily by hard-handed
urban bosses shepherded In
from the East. Many believed
and this columnist has
good reason to think that
Mr.. Kennedy himself was
foremost among them-that
In the very circumstances Of
this victory in a battle over
Lyndon johnson lay the
seeds of a probable Kennedy
defeat in the war of the
coming November.
Too Much of East
For it had all been much
too urban, much too East
ern. Recognizing precisely
this, the then Senator Ken
nedy took the inevitable de-
cision overnight. He knew
he simply had to broaden
his appeal. This is why he
asked Senator Johnson, a
Texan whose esse tial
strength was actually prob
ably greater in West and
Midwest than in the South,
to take second place on the
ticket.
This wise Kennedy APP
proach to nomination and
election has, however, not yet
been followed by similar wis
dom in office. The President
has been increasingly sur
rounded by Eastern-thinking
political advisers using East
ern-made techniques, con-
centrating on the urban and
largely ignoring the other
spaces that are not nearly so
wide open as they used to be.
This has been unfortunate
for him in two ways.
1t has served to regionalize
his administration; to make
it in the eyes Of many nom
Eastern Democrats a show
being run by them" rather
than by Gus" And it has
been wholly inappropriate to
the plain facts of life in
Congress.
For the sole effective
member of the House leader
ship who is Eastern is
Speaker John Mccormack of
Massachusetts,; the critical
mass Of leadership is nom
Eastern. And in the Senate
the effective Democratic
leadership is totally nom
Eastern. Indeed, from all the
East there are not three
Democratic Senators in
senior, and therefore effec-
tive, position upon whom the
President can rely for any
real help. He can get it from
some rare fastener like
John PaStore of Rhode
Island, one of the most I'M
derrated men in public life;
but that is about that.
o 1868
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04

President Kennedy's forth
coming "non-political" tour
of 10 States, all but one of
them in the West or upper
Midwest, actually Is the
opening of a major push to
bring about some highly po-
litical effects, indeed.
Briefly, the President des-
perately needs some reconcil-
iation with that vast area
lying beyond the Mississippi
to the Western sea. This is a
project in political reclama-
ton.
The President carried the
country In 1860 by a very
thin measure in electoral
votes. But geographically he
lost the country badly; and
nowhere so damagingly as in
the West.
From the very beginning,
his greatest political weak
ness has lain In the fact that
in the spatial sense his has
been q minority and essen
TALLY sectional administration
Eastern = based, Eastern
oriented, and Eastern in both
interests and manner. The
returns of 1860 showed him
all but BACKED out in the
immense stretches from the
midlands to the Pacific
Ocean.
Mr.. Kennedy's most acute
problem is not even that Of
being reelected. Rather 1t is
the problem of how, even as
Stunning reelection, he is to be
able to govern effectively I'M
less he can somehow evoke
greater popular support from
the West and can sustain the
almost solidly pro-Kennedy-
but now gravely threatened
phalanx Of Western Demo-
cratic Senators which hap
pens to be up for reelection
next year.
These are the urgent real
tiles underlying his choice
of itinerary for what is billed
by the White House as "a
tour of conservation and
natural resources areas"
September Is to 90.
To Expand Acceptability
The true conservation"
objective is not so much to
conserve as to expand the
Presidents own acceptability
The true natural resources"
objective is to keep in the
Senate, after 1864, the re-
sources of such men as Mike
Mansfield of Montana, the
Senate Democratic leader;
Gale MCGEE of Wyoming;
Clair Engle of California
Howard Cannon of Nevada;
Frank Moss of Utah; Henry
Jackson of Washington; Eu-
gene Mccarthy of Mime
sofa; and Quentin Burdick
of North Dakota.
When he was nominated
for President in that cla-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04

bers are untold thousands
who fully agree with what
Goldwater says, and equal
numbers of fair-minded Am
orleans who, though uncom-
mitted in their political pre-
elections, nevertheless
strongly resent gutter tactics
and palpable untruths issued
by the news media they help
to maintain.
m C..gAEm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
Cartoon Critic

The Aug. 80 cartoon" by
Conrad on Barry Goldwater
is without question the most
vicious smear of an outstand-
ing United States Sena-
tor and A erican l have
ever seen. These extreme
left wing "cartoonists" do
their respective newspapers
and syndicate buyers no good
whatsoever. They are in the
same class as Lippm an n,
McGill and other fanatic
leftists who appear to be act
ing in concert to destroy the
image and stature of the one
man who has consistently
spoken reason and sense with
respect TO domestic and for
eien issues.
Among your many subscri-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
The Far Left

I have waited to see what
reaction there would be to
80 resolutions adopted at
Berkeley. Calf, by Young
Democrats from 1a Western
States. There has been none;
no Democrats have repudi-
ated them, or called them a
proper name; and apparent
ly all are simply going to
wait and count their votes.
Listen to a few of their res
olutions and add your own
comments to those in pa
rentheses:
/. That the United States
resume diplomatic relations
with Cuba.-(So the Com
mics will have a free hand
throughout Latin-America-
ipso facto promotion of
CommunismD
2. That NATO sign a nom
aggression treaty with the
warsaw Pact nations
(UghD
3. That the House I'm
American Com mittee be
abolished.-(Because our IA
vorite people don't like be-
ing heckled.)
4. That the McCarran-
Walter immigration Act be
revised.-CDo we guess right
Typ: SO that the Nation may
enjoy a great new flood OF
subversives and unemploy,
ed?)
S. That U. s. troops be
withdrawn from Wet Nam,
the death penalty be abol-
ished, compulsory strike ar
bitration be eliminated, etc.
ANARCHY or nihilism OF
the old Russian variety?
Soon 1t could become ethical
nihilismD
1t seems to me that this
so-called Young Democrat
group, which would like to
destroy us, is already so far
left that the ordinary radi-
cal left can't see them. What
would my conservative Dem
ocrat ancestors call them? /
dare not think Of III
+. u. McIIugh.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04

is need for such a search. BY con-
sentative estimates the current rate of
growth will double our present global
population within the next four decades
and more than double it again in
40 more years. Weighed against this
prospect, the cares and crises of 1868
seem small.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
A BOOK FOR TODAY
The Riqht-Winq's FIedqIinqs
By DONALD MINTZ

THEY'D RATHER BE
RIGHT, Youth and the
Conservative Movement by
Edward Cain. 327 PIP. (The
Macmillan Co., $3.50
This book" writes Prof.
Cain, lis an attempt to ex-
anime the origins and nature
of the conservative response
among young people. We are
cutting off youth at Jack
Benny's age, which is also the
limit for Young Republicans.
Since most of the ferment
centers upon the campus,
where the potential opinion
formers are in training, much
OF this book will deal with
student activities and inter-
eStS."
And so it does. But there
is more to it than that. Prof.
Cain, who lis in the govern
ment department of the State
University of New York" be-
gins with a description Of the
Liberal Establishment"
largely as it is seen by those
who consider themselves ex-
cluded. He goes on to a COM
pick and able exposition Of
the fate Of European political
theory in the United States
with particular emphasis on
those inevitable losses of con-
tent that have had such a
great, If largely hidden, role
in shaping American parties,
views, and political action.
Then we must have heroes.
And so there are sections on
Avn Rand, William F. Buck
ley, Jr., Senator Goldwater,
Robert H. w. WEIGH, and
finally two conservative phi
losophers. Peter Viereck and
Clinton Rossiter.
THE CONSE RVATIVE
PRESS plays a role, too.
Prof. Cain confines himself
almost entirely to those pub
locations whose editors SAN
ity is not in doubt, and he
goes as far left" as the Wall
Street Journal and U. S. News
and World Report.
Young conservatives can
join a good many organiza-
tons, and we learn about
these, their importance, size
and the nature Of their
lllSlIiDSl snip
Then there are discussions
OF sociological studies of
young conservatives and in
terviews with a few speci-
mems, some in business and
some on Capitol Hill.
The book shows signs Of
having been put together
from essays written over a
number OF years. 1t is in
evitable that there will be
moments of confusion under
the circumstances. but they
are of no particular moment.
Prof. Cain is not interested
In a detached exposition OF
the views Of the people and
organizations he examines.
He presents facts, especially
those drawn from scholarly
studies, with fairness. Then
he does a job on them.
And some Of the victims
are indeed comical. Funda-
mentalism has been used as
a political weapon by some
extreme right wing groups,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-04
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. When buying food, how
much money is actually
spent on the packaging2
%. j.
A. For every $40 spent on
groceries, $3.50 to So goes
for packaging, according to
the United States Department
OF Agriculture. In other
words, for every dollar spent,
rs to 10 cents is for pack
aging.