davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1963-09-02
Labor Day, 1868

Surely no Labor Day has been beset
by more questions than this one. All
the puzzles have piled up in tumble:
Attenuation and its allied advances;
insecurity and job losses resulting from
chronological change; the sad plight OF
the unSkilled job-hunter, especially the
Negro; and the future of collective bar
gaining
To find the answer to all these,
so that every man and woman will have
a chance to work. will require far more
Imagination and ingenuity than have
been necessary before. Great education
and training programs are needed to
break the logjam of workers displaced
by automation, to be joined in the next
two or three years by 31a million high
school graduates and million dropoutS
unframed for the new SkillS.
Nor is that ALL Coincidence has
added another stress Negroes driving
for the employment that is their right
at time when unSkilled jobs are drying
up. With the percentage of unemployed
Negroes twice that Of whites, labor
unions must face up to the responsibility
of making their apprentice and train
ing programs equally available to all.
Attenuation is more than word.
To a man whose security is at stake, it
may be the difference between the full
life as he has known it, or a hand-to-
mouth existence. Labor Secretary Wirtz
has given a graphic illustration: "We
used to think of job as something
that a person would have all his life
Thirty days from today 100000 people
in this country will be in job different
from the one they are in today-just 80
days from now Four hundred thousand
of them will be working in a different
geographical market"
That chronological change is forcing
new concepts in collective bargaining
is evident from recent developments
The issue of job-Security has replaced
the dollar as the sticking point at the
bargaining table. 1t is the bread-and-
butter issue on which union leaders are
committed to stand or die. New ideas
must be introduced to avert costly
strikes and keep men working.
But the heart of the problem, as
the Government knows, is in massive
education and training for the millions
of young people, and re-training for
the older workers Secretary Wirtz,
former educator with imagination, has
no doubt about education's role. Speak
ing of schooling, he said: 81 think the
l6-year period has now become a 16-
year limit-the time when a person can
be permitted to leave school has become
a complete anachroniSm almost over
night as result of the elimination of
unSkilled work from the economy. It's
nonsense. If there is to be law it ought
to be that we do not permit boy or
girl to leave school until he or she has
the elements of a uSable skill"
He, too, is sensitive to the realiza-
ton that Labor Day, 1868, is only a
beginning to long, hard workday.
Evening star., 1963-09-02
A BOOK FOR TODAY
A ChvoIrous American Freebooter
By DONALD MINTZ

matte relations during the
years in question. The sub
ject might well have proved
too much for the intellect of
a Shrewd, 18th century Ital-
ian prince, but Mr.. Carr has
unquestionably made his way
through the swamp and sue
ceeded in describing its geog-
raphy.
This performance is so
spectacular that one is almost
tempted to accept in full his
evaluation of Walker.
No doubt Walker was a
complex man. He was not
simply a bellicose malcontent
marching about in search Of
booty. On the contrary, he
was chivalrous and princi-
pied.
HE WAS POPULAR-at
least for a time-in Mica
ragua, whose President he
was for a brief period, and
he took a principled stand in
favor of Nicaraguan Demo-
Gratis against their authori-
tartan opponents. Doubtless,
he deeply believed in incul-
eating the Nicaraguans with
all the virtues of the mid
century Anglo-Sa 1t goes
without saying. and Mr.. Carr
freely admits, that the Mic
araguans preferred both vir-
tues and vices more in keep
ing with their own heritage.
Walkers popularity was
damaged in the United States
by the reports Of some of his
disappointed soldiers, who.
says Mr.. Carr, resented
Walkers absolute insistence
on proper conduct in victory
as well as in defeat.
More damaging, however,
was his stand on slavery.
According to Mr.. Garland
this is the point that NAV
well agitate professional his
torians - Walker espoused
slavery only when the turns
Of politics and business made
clear TO him that he could
expect no support from
Washington or Wall Street.
He had TO find II in the
South, and in order to obtain
1t, he was forced TO support
slavery and agree to permit
its introduction into Mica
ragua. This was a change of
position. Indeed, writes Mr..
Carr, Some Of his anti
slavery admirers were loath
to believe that their hero
could overnight shift his po-
sition so radically"
Mr.. Carr's picture is that
OF a man OF skill, intense
energy, and good will who as
fortune goes against him,
sacrifices everything to a
goal that has become an OBJ
session. This may make
Walker a tragic figure, but 1t
will not make him one Of the
noblemen Of American his
tory. But If the rehabilita-
ton effort fails. the re-
evaluation is none the less
welcome.
Evening star., 1963-09-02
THE PASSING SCENE
BY WILLIAM S. WHITE
Neqro March on Washington

Accepting the assurances
of Mr.. Randolph that Mr..
Rustin has no present con-
nection whatever with Com
munism, however, this essen
tial point remains:
The massive and intermi-
nable street marching which
Mr.. Rustin and others are
now proposing is strictly
within the operating tradi-
ton of the Communist and
Fascist marching movements
of the Thirties-and has no
relationship whatever to Or
derly petitions by minority
groups for the legal lifting Of
the burdens of racial discrim-
ination.
No fair man would suggest
that the Negro March on
Washington was in any way
Communist inspired or that
its intention was to provoke
disorder to promote other
than racial progress. But the
Rustins now demonstrably
intend to use the public ac-
ceptance of that march in
order to take to the streets
endlessly to promote their
own economic and political
lines.
March Called Bad Thing
The mere fact of unem-
ployment is surely not a vio-
lation of any civil right, ex-
cept perhaps where employ
ment is denied because of
race.
The Rustins are going far
beyond the Negro aim Of
equality before the law to
seek to create a biracial force
which, in his words, can
manipulate and does manip-
ulate economic power"
All this is why the March
on Washington was not a
good thing. Rather, it was a
bad thing organized and run
off in a sincere and under
standable and lawful cause,
as eventually the people gen.
orally will see.
And unless the responsible
Negro leaders awaken soon,
they may find it a bad thing,
indeed, for their own cause
and for their country, in the
hands of men openly re-
solved to use their ties with
the Negro movement to force
constituted authority, from
Washington down to the
State Houses, to accept polit-
ical and economic programs
in no way uniquely related to
Negro problems.
The lesson here goes to the
heart of the responsible
objections to the march
voiced by some before it oc-
red. The great point is
this:
The right of petition, when
petitioning is being done by
hosts of men and women and
children in the streets, can
so e a silly be exploited and
turned into actions that are
certainly not petitions, and
certainly not right. either.
but are only mass and brutal
intimidation. .--
@ 1868
Evening star., 1963-09-02
THE WORLD AND WILLIAM


WALKER by Albert 2.
Carr; endpaper map, maps
in text, illus, 289 PIP.
Harper & Row, $5.95.
The debunking period Of
American historiography
seems to be over, and the
strangest people are turn
ing up as heroes these days.
One of these is William
Walker, an archetypical fill
busterer. (The term comes
from the Dutch word for
freebooter" and it is free
hooters, not Senators, we are
talking about)
Our old friend, "An En-
cyclopedia of World History"
summarizes Walkers career
in a brief paragraph.
"l855-1862. An attempt by
William Walker, an Ameri-
can, to establish control over
Nicaragua (Which he
achieved for a short period
and perhaps extend his au-
thority over a wider area,
produced political and mill
tary cooperation between
the Central American states.
AS a result of this and the
antagonism of Cornelius
Vanderbilt. who desired con-
troll of the transit route across
Nicaragua, which became i'm
portant after acquisition Of
California by the United
States, Walker was defeated
Q855-1860)."
Not a particularly vivid
summary, but the general
idea is there. Walker, as the
encyclopedia says, got into
trouble with Vanderbilt
which was not a clever thing
to do. Moreover, President
James Buchanan ordered the
United States Navy into ac-
tion against him, and Horace
Greeley attacked him with
bitter invective."
DURING HIS LIFETIME,
Walker damaged his reputa-
ton by espousing the cause
of slavery. Subsequently, he
has been in more general bad
odor because, occasional i'm
perialist adventures notwith-
standing, Americans-North
and South-tend to be sus-
picious Of a man who led a
private army up and down a
foreign country in the alleged
interests Of peace and civil
ization; both of which were CT
course TO be found in their
highest forms in the United
States.
For all that. Albert 2. Carr.
an economist who has taken
TO writing history and biog-
raphy, is now trying to reha-
bilitate william Walker
Mr.. Carr very nearly sue
ceeds. No reader can help
but be dumbfounded by the
extraordinary lucidity Of Mr..
Carr's exposition Of American
and British politics and the
two countries tangled diplo-
Evening star., 1963-09-02
A clear and present danger

~ VIVA NAANA HANoNAAb NNAA3(A
is rising for the American
Negro com m unity and its
leadership in the wake of the
undeniably orderly and NOV
ing but nevertheless unWise
March on Wa shing to n"
which so m any are now
somewhat emotionally salut-
ing.
This is a danger long fore
seeable to those able to look
beyond the appealing emo
tionalism of the moment. 1t
simply is that the movement
for an end to discrimination
may be seized and perverted
by forces whose interest is in
quite other things than ra-
cial progress or racial har-
mony.
The very success Of the
march in its own context
it's good order and, on the
whole, its sense of reasons
playing into the hands of
just such forces.
The technique of massive
street demonstration appeals
to the m as a m cans of
mounting pressures on nation
al, State and local govern
mentS in no reasonable way
related to the aspirations of
Negro citizens for vindication
of their civil rights.
All this is now perfectly
plain in the activities of such
of the Negro "militants" as
Bayard Rustin, who co-ordi-
mated the Washington dem
onstration.
A. Philip randolph, the
elderly and respected "fa-
ther" of the Negro move
ment, has publicly declared
that young Rustin has "abso-
lutely no connection with
Communists in any form"
Radical Techniques'
1t is a fact, however, that
Mr.. Rustin-who was once a
member of the Young Com
munist League-a n d others
are using the Negro move
ment itself to seek to foment
endless street demonstrations
and IN arch es S" on State
CapitolS for purposes quite
beyond that of establishing
civil rights for Negroes. The
demand is to be not for the
legal rights sought by Ne
groes but for such vaguely
defined objectives as "jobs."
The unemployed, Mr.. Rustin
has said before the National
Socialist Party Workshop,
should adopt the techniques
of the civil rights groups so
that "a new wave of militancy
would sweep the Nation" as
one news report puts it.
Again, the goal is defined
by Mr.. Rustin as the use of
"the fire the ra die a l
techniques" of the Washing
ton march for a biracial al
lance among trade unions,
civil rights organizations and
the unemployed"
This columnist makes no
suggestion that what is in
volved here is a Communist
plot"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

Travelling School on Marketing Scheduled

The Home Builders Asso-
citation Of Metropolitan Wash
ington and It's affiliated asso-
Citations will play host to
area builders Tuesday and
Wednesday for a travelling
school on marketing.
Called Selling Unlimited"
the one and a half day school
in the Mayflower Hotel Is
sponsored by the National
Association of Home Build
ers, according to Milton Ket-
tier, chairman Of the Market
ing Committee Of the local
association.
The program here is one Of
IL regional schools which
NAHB is sponsoring across
the country during the spring
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15
Clean to Defeat Insects
Builders to Hear
Decorating ToIk

alright, and permeated with
moth-repellent odor.
Vacuuming alone will not
clean the closet. Dust lodged
in cracks between floor
boards and along the edges
wheYe walls meet floor is a
favorite place for moths to
lay eggs. The best practice
is to run q stiff wire along
the cracks to dislodge dust,
then follow with the vacuum.
Making the storage space
alright means having the
top Of the chest fit tightly.
or the closet door weather
stripped.
In yesteryears. the moth
proofing odor was largely
supplied by the cedar lining
of the chest or closet. The
aromatic odor was replen-
ished by sanding down the
surface, so fresh wood was
exposed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

Spring is the most active
season for one Of the best
known, most cordially dis
liked, widespread and dam
aging of all insects, the
clothes moth. The destruction
of woolens by the clothes
moths larva is too we'll
known to require description.
But by following two SIM
pie principles, moth damage
can be permanently reduced
to zero. The first one Is to
have all clothes and blankets
thoroughly clean before put
ting them away. Possibly the
easiest and best of all ways
to do this is to have them
dry-cleaned. At least, every
thing should be thoroughly
aired and brushed. This in
cludes turning pockets inside
out and brushing them.
The second principle is to
have the storage space as
free Of dust as possible, quite
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

offered publicly in 1860, is
now traded over the counter.
Area Selected
For Use in Study
The Washington area is
one of six in the United
States chosen by the National
Association Of Home Build
ers and House and Garden
magazine to participate in a
study on Housing Design
and the American Family"
John GOsneII, president of
the Home Builders Associa-
ton of Metropolitan WASH
ington, who announced the
selection, said the study here
will be concentrated on 30
housewives Of home owning
families, selected from a field
Of 200, and their attitudes,
opinions and wishes in home
design.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

Mr.. Dorsey, who lives In
Silver Spring, has been
Washington area sales man
ager for the Crawford Corp.
Bernstein Moves
To New Offices
Lyman Bernstein g. Sons,
who are now building at
Canterbury Woods in Vir-
ginia, have announced NOV
ing their offices to larger and
more convenient quarters at
95l-A South George Mason
drive, Arlington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

BETHESDA-NEW LISTING IN HILL
MEAD-oNE OF THE BEST VALUES
EVER OFFERED IN THIS POPULAR
CoMMUNITY!-S70e MELWooD-
OPEN SUNDAY, rs = immaculate
brick rambler on beautiful corner lot.
3 bedrooms and z boths. Partially fin
ished basement. Priced ct SIS, $50!
81 300 down might buy FILA!
Bradley Blvd. to voIley Rood, right on
Melwood, left 10 home-comdr. Giord,
EN-. 1864.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15
Dorsey TO Head
Miller Homes Soles

Miller Manufacturing Co.,
Inc, Of Richmond, Va, has
announced appointment of
George w. Dorsey, jr., as
sales manager of its Miller
Homes Division.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15
April Contracts Up
In District and Areo

Contracts for future build
ing in the Washington area
awarded during April reached
a volume Of $65,534,000, an
increase Of 81 per cent over
the same month a year ago,
E. H. Keefe Of the F. w.
Dodge Corp. has announced.
The contract total Of the
District Of Columbia was
$l6,559, 900, which was 10
per cent higher than April,
1862. y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

will hear a panel discussion
on interior decorating during
a dinner meeting at $3.50 pm.
Tuesday in the Marriott Key
Bridge Motel, John Minchew,
president, has announced.
Gus YeOnas will moderate
a panel of decorators which
includes Morris BIancO Of
Jactnar. Mrs. Bea Keller of
Bea Keller, Charles S. Rutt-
kay of Design Unlimited, and
Mrs. Arlene GOIub of Wood
ward & Lothrop.
Because Of the nature Of
the program, Mr.. Minchew
has declared a "ladies night"
and suggested that members
invite their wives.
Levitt Seeks
Annex Listing
Levitt and Sons, Inc, build
er Of Belair at Bowie as we'll
as a number of other large
communities In New Jersey,
Long Island, Puerto Rico and
Paris, has applied for listing
on the American Stock Ex-
change, the firm reported this
week.
Its stock, which was first
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

and early summer with the
cooperation and participa-
ton Of representatives of
leading manufacturing firms
supplying the building indus
try.
Coleman Finkel, vice presi-
dent of James o. Rice Asso-
ciates, q New York firm that
specializes in management
meetings, will be moderator.
william A. MOlster; head Of
NAHB's membership services
division, will represent the
builder organization.
Builders to Hear
Decorating ToIk
The Home Builders Asso-
citation Of Suburban Virginia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

FST OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
"a BATHS 514 WAPAkoNETA
hddund Of
q9o PICTURESQUE
und
pooehc Considering QUALITY
right on Nomkusun; left n Wopunet y "'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

NORTH CHEVY cHAsE-WALK TO ELE-
MENARY ScHooL-MID 20s! s922 BRIER-
LY RoAD-oPEN SUNDAY, 2-7-Fine 3-bed-
room rambler ia q beautiful neishbOrhOOd Of
much lurser and eOstIier homes. Kitchen with
dishwoshsr and disposed. Seperute dining room.
Ia baths. Large pOneled rec. room with fire
plcee. Huge screen porch. Nice level lot. Coma.
Ave. extended. right on Kensinston Pkwy.
right on Inverness (iOs to left on Mont
sOmep) to Briefly. M. thompson. IA. 6-s346.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-15

NEARING COMPLETION m WESLEY
hEl6HTS!-4355 LoWELL-oPEN
TO-DAY & SUM-, l-7-Hondsome new
townhouse Of oristoeTutie Federal de-
sign. Beautifully designed. Richly ap-
pointed. Large rooms. High ceilings. I
bedrooms. 2 full baths, z holt baths.
Poneled libruY PLUS O fumiIy room
on LIST hoor. Enormous full basement,
portiolly finished. Inviting patio and
sorden mode delightfully."- private by
high split-soplins fence. One Of the
lost new homes that will ever be
available in this distinguished com
munity! Mass. Ave. 10 Wisconsin Ave,
cross Wisconsin Ave. and bear immsd.
lett on Cathedral Ave. 10 New Mex
leo Ave, right to Lowell Street und
home. Mr.. Besley, OIL. 6-5777.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-03-14
pickens Man Is
Named President
Park Association

L.. ! Todt If Dickens was
ranent1v reelected nresident
cf Tho Miesiesirni PORK Pro-
1ucers Association Of i+s an
rral meetino at Mississippi
Str+e University.
Other officers who will
cnrvo with nv Todt are look
phi1lins of vazoo Citv first
vice president: John Seqrest.
Hernanvi11e. second vice pre-
sident. w l.. Richmond.
State COLLEGE, secretarv-trea-
s,,rer. and Stuart Denman.
Charleston. director at lar0e.
In a resolution about the
feed Grain proeram the as
socia+ion estimated that Ms
sicsipri will be deficit hv
over an nm nnO bushels in
rrn1-o;no thn q y II nends
in 1929 and tho+ this will
couce more thor Gao million
in corn and transportation
costs.
Members ",1roed corn pro-
ducers of Mississ;rni to con-
s;Inr the above facts before
divertino anv corn ACREAGE
to The 1868 feed grain pro-
gram"
Marketinp will be stressed
in the associations 1893 work
A committee will study what
can be done about "the gen.
orally lower prices offered
for hogs of similar quality on
Mid-Sonth markets. COM
pared to corn belt prices"
The pork producers Joined
other state livestock organi-
cations in endorsing a major
ouen show combined with
the Junior roundup livestock
show which is to be held in
the spring at Jackson.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-03-14
The Law: Color Blind Or Color Conscious!
(Reprinted from The Delta Democrat Times)

basic American rights for their peo-
pie? Or that the men who did the
shooting were white?
We would like to think not, but
this is the way it looks. Nor a we
ease our conscience about such action,
and inaction, by pointing the finger OF
condemnation at Washington, D. c., Or
some other metropolitan area which
has immense problems of it's own. We
live in Mississippi, not Washington. It
is UP to us to clean up u own back
yard.
We could make a good start to-
ward it, as private citizens, by letting
those around us know that we do not
and cannot condone the kind of incl
dent which took place outside Green
wood last week. The criminals who did
it undoubtedly felt they had commu-
nifty approval for their action. There
are others waiting to perpetrate their
own deeds of violence, waiting for the
apparent go-ahead from the respect
able" members of the community. The
green light could be nothing more than
= Joking reference to the Lef1ore Coun-
ty qnnmen as eour kind of criminals"
There is always another alterrla-
tive, of course We can continue to re-
main silent. to refuse to press for the
anprehension and conviction of those
who break the law - no matter what
their color - and we can be sure that
the federal government will move III
to fill the vacuum Again it does no
good to rail AGAINST the government
and against outsiders. Only by meet
ing orr own RESPONSIBILITIES can we
forestall such Intervention, and III this
case opr responsibilitv is verv clear In
deed. The law must be color blind. and
4he victim and assailant u one incl
dent must Be treated no dffferentlv
from the victim and assailant Of an
other, n0 matter what their color.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1963-03-14
Stale College Boards Action Is I~ieartening
Nea gsSaa2aaa3. 4 rEE-;Sa Il < uxa
A New Day Perhaps?

Mississippi State University's bas-
ketball champions leave today for East
Lansing, Michigan, to participate in
the National Collegiate Athletic AS
sociation tournament.
AS representatives of the South
eastern Conference and their state
there is no question in our minds that
they will adhere to the highest stand
ards of conduct and craftsmanship and
acquit themselves admirably in tourna-
ment play. Win or lose, no more can be
asked.
DR.. d. w. edwards decision to al
low MSU to live up to it's obligation as
conference champion was a courageous
one and we have already expressed our
praise and commentator of him.
Now we wish to voice our most
sincere anpreciation to members of the
Board of Trustees of State Institutions
of HIGHER learning for their action up
holding DR.. Colvard's decision. 1t was
both realistic and heartening to a peo-
ple lono Drown III of the professional
and political racism rampant in the
state.
The hoard. CHARGED hv the state
constitution with authority to conduct
the affairs of all state COLLEGES, bv a
vote of 2 to 2 annroved Or. edwards
decision in a special meeting SATURDAY.
ralIed bv those ornoced to nIaving in
fho ~torrnaroent. Their ornositiOn stem
med FROM the fact that MSTJ is certain
no face Nnorn ~nlavers in the nlav-Off.
Presumably. thew feel particination in
The Tournament could he taken NV The
world 70 moan Wissicoirni is weakening
I'm i+c continuing fioht for total seq
rooation of All levels.
Significantly. we think. tbe mo-
n~oei+inn actnd rnnn nv +he board
woe not ono fovorino that WSTT be per-
mit+od to on tn Tho Tournament.
The motion which board members
voted down 9 to 8. was that MSU "not
he nermitted TO go" The motion.
nnoative in nature. was posed bv w.
NJ. Roberts, 2 Hattiesh,1re ATTORNEY.
snnointed hyl Governor Ross Barnett,
hnd seconded nv Raw lard Of Hazle-
hurst. a Rarnett anneintee. The third
person votino For it was Ira "Shine"
Morgan of Oxford, also a Barnett APP
pointee.
After Mr.. Roberts motion had
been turned down bv a decisive vote
he then moved that DR.. Coward be ask