davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11
GRASSROOTS HELP WILL
BE NEEDED

Meanwhile, labor undoubtedly will
have to flight to stave off the pet
projects of the National Association
of Manufacturers, u. S. Chamber of
Commerce and their allies. Big bust
ness is campaigning to bring unions
under anti4trust laws.
They are likely to drive as well
to win a legal ban on strikes at
defense establishments, particular
ly missile sites. Such a measure
would be a powerful bargaining
weapon for the big aerospace man
ufacturers and other defense con-
tractors.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11

DRIVE WITH CARE-GET THEREl
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1963-01-11

Editor Abel legislator served the House from Hill
ago.-PV
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-10
CAROL PLAYS
ZANY QUEEN
OF OLD WEST
ARoL BURNETT
reblazeS the color
full trail travelled

full trail travelled
by Doris Day in the 1853
Warner Bros. musical ia
shioned out Of the legend of
Calamity Jane.
Television'S Calamity
Jane" based on the movie
version, is on tape, but the
musical was given a live try
out at the State Fair Music
Theater in Dallas, Tex, sew
eral months ago. Miss Burnett
also played the hoydenish Old
West heroine in a summer
stock version of the musical
in 1861. A Broadway try for
the show now is only soft-talk.
The musical will replace
both The Jack Benny Show"
and THE Garry Moore Show"
Tuesday night on CBS-TV, en-
abling the bouncy Burnett to
spread her talents over a full
80 minutes.
Singer Art Lund, as Wild
Bill Hickok, and Don ChaS-
tain, playing the handsome
and romantic 1t. Danny Gil
martin, are the men in her
life, and pretty Belie Towbin
is the charmer from Chicago
who reduces the number to
one at the fadeout. The songs
include the Academy Award
winning ballad, Secret
Love-"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-11-24

The Perfect Before Christmas" Gift. . 8 inch
MUsieoI Christmas Bell TO Ring in fhe Season
2.0o
Cheerful keep the holiday me hang the big
beautiful be made Of golden cOoed onodzed oUmnUm from your
mone ocwoy chandelier doorway and you'll find hot everybody
who by will pull the chon The sons Of Jingle Bells
Silent Night One slight pull Of the bells Chopper and
minutes Of Christmas music about your oos The bell
very light weight UnbreGkobe hangs from
eolored ehon and oppeo to oil those people who
have everything under the
co.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
EurIyMorning

There is a moment I have been
missing for 10 years. ever since
the war first cut me off from
leisurely sea travel. 1t is the mo-
ment Of reaching the deck. fairly
early In the morning. before
breakfast, in fair weather. You
come out Of sleep, out Of the
stuffiness below. into all the
freshness In the world. During
the night everything has been re-
made for you. The open parts Of
the ship, the sea itself, even the
morning have Just come back
from the laundry. The scrubbed
planks glisten and the brasses
blaze In new morning Of Gre
alton. The winking and Kissing
sea has Just been invented. The
blue above is most delicately pale
and as yet untarnished. The air
is a mystery Of goodness. From
these shifting meadows comes the
fragrance Of invisible sea BIOS
SONS. Ocean and air whisper the
news OF their perfection. It is the
morning OF Time itself. - ]. B.
Priestley In Delight"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
BY NUZHET BABA
contributing Writer

ISTANBUL-So much is hap
pening around the world that the
recent visit to the USSR of a
Turkish parliamentary group at
tracted little attention even in the
Turkish press. A stable group Of
Turkish Representatives and SEN
ators headed by Suat Hayri
Urguplu. one time Turkish Am
bassador In Washington and now
the president Of the Senate, visited
Russia and as usual were well
taken care wined, dined and
shown the wonders Of the Com
munist paradise.
Given very little or no publicity,
the Russian attitude towards Tur-
key, as evidenced by the state
ments Of Premier Khrushchev, is
nevertheless worthy Of note. It is
almost a complete reversal and
rebuttal Of the former pronounce
ments. ....
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28

the sovereignty of the Philippine
nation"
The objective Of Mr.. Macapa-
gals confederation is a loose as
ISOLATION Of states without inter-
fering with the sovereignty of the
three nations. each of which will
retain its national policies. Such
a confederation, If ratified by the
leaders of the three nations, would
be q great achievement consider
ing that Malaga and the Philip
pines are provost while Indo-
nesia is dangerously counting COM
munism. A confederation could
have q Stabilizing influence en-
surfing cooperation and contact
between its members, like a minor
commonwealth or the Organiza-
ton of American States.
When the Tunku Abdul Rah-
man, DR.. Sukarno and Mr.. Maca-
pagal meet in Manila they will
not only be carrying the hopes
and aspirations of the 140 mil
million people in the three ter
ritories, but their decisions would
have far-reaching effects in the
general situation in South and
South East Asia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28

the guest speaks, then we follow.
But found myself in such friendly
company that I broke the rule
and I spoke first. Germany even
after all the settlements has con-
tinued to be the center of flame
in the cold war. AS Mr.. Kennedy,
the head of State of the U. S. A.
has lately said 1t is possible to
co-exist in peace. We have been
preaching the same for years. The
Russians have a saying that even
when the great fire has been ex-
tinguished 1t is then necessary to
throw water on the smouldering
logs. We can apply this saying to
the same subject.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
He Notes the Cold

Meeting with the Turkish par
hamentary group on the eve Of
their departure from Russia, Mr..
Khrushchev made rather astound-
ing statements which conform to
the late pattern Of USSR politics.
The Premier said:
Relations between Turkey and
Russia Of late have been consider
ably cold. Let us, therefore, re-
establish these relations to the
friendly status, as in the days Of
Ataturk and Lenin.
1T is necessary to admit that
we tthe USSR) are not altogether
blameless In the deterioration OF
these relations. The territorial
claims Of those days were brought
about by Stains old age and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
BY BRIG. GEN.

JAMES II. dAIILE, USMC (KEI.)
Star Special Writer
With the Chinese Communists
angry and frustrated over the fu-
tility of their recent theological
talks with the Russians, the pos
sibility Of renewed aggression by
Peking in Asia has been the sub
ject of rising speculation in the
West.
Mao may be miffed and his
henchmen may be, too. But they
are not fools. They realize, and
the West also, that despite their
VOWS to go on the warpath, they
are confronted with SOLDERING re-
straints. Among these are Pc
kings requirements for Soviet
petroleum products, spare parts
and requirements for its ground,
air and naval forces.
One of the most serious re-
straintS on Red Chinese freedom
of action is the military power of
Free China on Taiwan and on the
off-shore islands of Quemoy and
MatSu. True, Mao continues his
threats to take Taiwan. But, here
again, he and his strategists
know the difference between
propaganda and the military facts
Of life. They are fully aware that
the invasion route between the
mainland and Taiwan can run in
both directions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
Sees German Solution

After arriving at an unde-
standing on the great issues, we
can certainly find a settlement of
the German question"
These statements appeared in
the Turkish periodical YARN
CTomorrow"), which is a defender
Of the capitalist system private
capital interests and investors.
The visit OF the Turkish par
liamentary group was essentially
a courtesy visit TO Russia, which
had been pending for many years.
Was 1t all sweet talk or does Mr..
Khrushchev really want an easing
OF tensions with Turkey and an
accommodation? II II is the latter,
1t probably is directly related to
his overtures to the United States
the nuclear test ban treaty, for
one thing and TO NATO for q
cooling off of the cold war.
One thing is sure. however: The
Turks prefer TO wait for sweet
Soviet deeds TO back UP the sweet
Soviet talk.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
A Loose Confederation

The proposal for a confedera-
ton is a far cry from that pro-
pounded both before and after
the Pacific War by nationalist
elements In Indonesia and the
philippines. They envisaged a
union Of self-governing states in
the Malaysian Archipelago speak,
ing the same language and pur-
suing a common culture.
1t is significant that in l945
DR.. Sukarno. addressing the in
vestigating committee for prepare
ton OF independence for IN
donesia, said:
Il have on one occasion In nv
life dreamt Of a Pan Indonesia
which will include not only
Malaga and Papua New Guinea)
but also the Philippines. There
was a stage in my life when I
kept dreaming OF a Pan Indonesia.
But the Philippines is already in
dependent and we must respect
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
With the Will There's q Way

There are many problems still
to be overcome and former Am
bassador Livingston T. Merchant,
the Presidents top MILF man, is
the first to admit It. But, given
the will Of the interested govern
ments, the problems could be
solved and a draft treaty pro-
duced in time for next Deem
ber's NATO Foreign Ministers
meeting. It should be added
hastily that this is not q pre-
diction; it is, however, the judy
ment of an American expert as
to what is clearly possible.
The share Of the cost Of the
force-should the British decide
to participate-will run approx
mately these percentages: United
States, IS; West Germany, IS;
Italy, 20; Britain, 10, and others
fractional amounts.
Why does the United States
feel that the MILF is necessary?
Haven't we got enough power to
protect the free world?
The answer involves more than
one reason but none, perhaps,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
AP Photo.

upon the United States for their
defense. President Kennedy and
Secretary Of State Rusk both I'M
derstand this feeling-hence the
MILF proposal. (There are really
no other proposals on the fire to
meet the situation, but if the
Europeans come UP with an al
ternate one, the United States
certainly would give it a careful
study
The MILF would be only the
first step toward a possible truly
independent European nuclear
force-if and when the political
unity of Western Europe is accom-
plished. AS Mr.. Rusk said recently:
"Over "a period of time, as
Europe moved toward unity, we
could, as the President indicated
at Frankfurt, contemplate an in
crease in the collective European
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
A Professional Military Force

Chiang's army totals 100000
and fields 81 divisions, plus sup
port troops. The Air Force totals
$4,000, the Navy $4,000, and the
Marine Corps, trained to spear
head an invasion, comes to about
$4,000. American officials. mill
tary and civilian, on Taiwan are
proud of what the Chinese Ma
tionalists, with United States ma
terial, support and advice. have
produced militarily. Their army
is well trained and tough. Equip
ment is efficiently maintained.
Chiang's Air Force, according to
a high-ranking American officer,
II "man-for-m and plane-for-
plane the equal Of ours" The Red
Chinese flyers apparently believe
this. They stubbornly refuse air
combat with Nationalist pilots.
One OF the myths of our times
IL that Chiang's army is rusting
out with average. That this is far
from fact is illustrated by the
following average ages in the Free
Chinese armed forces:
Enlisted men, "a; non-commis-
stoned officers, 80: officers, in
Guiding colonies, 40 and general
officers 81. The key characteristic
OF the leadership of Chiang's
armed forces, officers and NCO's.
iS high military professionalism
With a Red China dedicated to
aggression by violence, the United
States can view its moral and
material support Of Chiang's gov
eminent with satisfaction. The
Free Chinese military power is.
from Macs standpoint, a contin-
uing threat TO which he must
devote increasing attention and
effort. longtime Western observ-
ers Of Asian affairs are not hesi-
tant to point out that the Free
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28

use the presently immobilized de-
tense forces for furthering Red
aggression throughout Asia. He
would have at his disposal a ma
newer force of close to half a
million-about 100000 from the
Foochow complex plus perhaps
100000 from those now assigned
to backing up those coastal defense
units for military action else
where.
A shift Of these forces toward
Korea would require a, quick and
heavy reinforcement of United
States troops there. Our ready
forces in Okinawa would have to
be augmented for stand = by
emergencies. Mao could move the
F'oochow forces westward and re-
new his war against India. Prime
Minister Nehru, who has long
supported Red China's admission
to the U. NJ, may be having Sec
ond thoughts on that matter. He,
together with other Indian lead
ers, may realize one day that the
security of India is closely related
to a strong Free China.
But Mao would have other
choices for employing his Foo
chow forces if his Taiwan flank
were secure. 1t is with good rea-
son that the non-Communist ma
lions throughout Southeast Asia
are keeping a close watch on the
United States attitude toward
Chiang's return to the mainland.
They know that If Mao were free
to re deploy his troops now
pinned in the Foochow complex,
they, either as volunteers" or
openly as Chinese Communist
regulars, could be carrying the
tide of Red aggression through
out Southeast Asia. Such an in
crease capability for Picking
could well require a United States
military effort on the magnitude
of Korea to prevent Communist
conquest Of the Southeastern
Asian peninsula, including the
strategically important base at
Singapore.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
VitoI Role for Tiny Quemoy

The much discussed, and little
understood, island of Quemoy has.
a vital role in Far Eastern STRAIT :
egg. Located squarely in the MIDI
die of Red China's vast Annoy
harbor area, Nationalist held
Quemoy prevents Macs use or.
Annoy harbor for assembling and
embarking an assault force. Thus
it performs a "corking" function
against a Communist invasion
fleet from the mainland. Keeping
the cork tight in the bottle keeps
Red power from spilling out into
the Formosa Strait and the en-
tire Western Pacific.
Quemoy is no barren sandspit
jutting up in the Western Pacific.
Its military forces total more
than 10000, with practically all
guns, living areas, tanks, COM
municationS and storage in hand
hewn rock caverns deep under
ground. The civilian population
totals 10000 in about 40 villages.
The island has long, well-cared-
for, paved highways. Once poverty
stricken, the island now produces
a surplus Of vegetables and poul-
try, which it exports to Taiwan.
Within the last few years
Chiang's government has con-
Quoted a major reforestation pro-
gram, planting II million trees.
Residents Of Quemoy, both
military and civilian, go about
their work and duties seemingly
indifferent to Macs periodic
Smelling of the island, and his in
vasion threats. They are not hesi-
tant to express the wish for Mao
to make try at it. They say that
the Reds will get the same re-
ception as in 1949 when a major
attack on Quemoy was wiped out
and the entire landing force
either captured or killed.
There is a sense Of pride on
Quemoy that Mao, in spite Of his
threats, has been unable to cross
the thin ribbon of water and
plant his Red banner on Quemoy.
AS a symbol of free mems de-
fiance of Communist aggression,
Quemoy performs much the same
role in Asia as Berlin does In
Europe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28

role and responsibility in such an
integrated force"
Perhaps instead Of a veto for
each Of the big participating pow
ers. as now contemplated, ma
jority vote arrangement could be
worked out for controlling the
MILF. Under it, the United States
would not have a veto. Perhaps
then even France-now opposed
to joining the force-might re-
verse her stand.
Jean Monnet, whose credentials
of Europeaness are gilt-edged, be-
lieves that the MILF may provide
a useful framework for West
European unity by starting the
indignation Of its manpower and
resources. He believes that the
political authority-or the gov
eminent for this new little navy
would evolve after the MILF was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
-AP Photo.

more important than this: It is
an effort to meet the growing
desire Of an increasingly stronger,
more prosperous and more indie
predetermined Western Europe
to stand on its own to a greater
extent.
II say this after thinking much
about it I do not believe our
Western alliance could really
stand permanently If in this vital
field (nuclear arms the United
States were given for all time the
sole authority. We are allies. We
must remain allies, but we must
not become satellites"
Charles de Gaulle? No-that
was Prime Minister Macmillan Of
Great Britain.
Germans and Italians, no less
than the French and British, feel
the need to be less dependent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
Restricts Moo's Freedom of Action

Thus. the threat of Chang Kali
shek'S return to the mainland has
a heavy impact of Red China's
freedom Of maneuver. The posi-
bility Of an attack by the Free
Chinese is directly responsible for
the commitment Of close to TOO
900 Communist troops to the de-
tense against such an assault on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
The Composition of the Force
BY VICTOR NAYAGAM
Contributing Writer

KUALA LUMPUR, Malaya.-
Recent utterances by President
Sukarno of Indonesia indicate all
is not going to be as well as
was first believed when he, Presi-
dent Macapagal of the Philip
pines and Prime Minister Tunku
Abdul Rahman of Malaga meet
in Manila from July 80 to
August 2.
In fact, there is even some
doubt that the scheduled talks
take place at all. Although the
Tunku is ready, Mr.. Sukarno said
last week he was undecided about
attending the meeting.
A joint communique issued
after the foreign ministers of the
three countries met early last
month asserted that they had
found formula for ending their
dispute over the Malaysian Fed
Grafton to be formed on August
81. But the communique, couched
in the most non-committal diplo-
matte, language, did not say very
much really
On the question of the reported
formula, 1t simply declared that
the foreign ministers reaffirmed
their countries adherence to the
principle Of self determination for
the peoples of non-self-governing
territories.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28

forcefully, point out that Brunei's
back-out at that late stage clearly
showed the democratic way in
which Malaysia was being formed.
Sukorno's Opposition
DR.. Sukarno's attack on the
Tunku for an alleged breach Of
faith has led some informed peo-
pie here to think that the summit
meeting Of the three leaders might
not n ow be held at all. DR..
Sukarno had said in Jakarta ION
July 100 that Indonesia and the
Indonesian people mot only dis
agree with Malaysia but we shall
oppose it to the end" He also
expressed doubt on the usefulness
OF summit meeting.
1t would seem that the summit
meeting is to be the platform
for recriminations that would
destroy the work of the foreign
ministers and the historic face
to-face meeting of the Tunku and
DR.. Sukarno. 1t would be a tragic
end if, after all the efforts at
peace-making, the summit turns
out to be failure.
Few people in Malaga ever be-
Heved that a personal meeting
between the Tunku and DR.. Su-
karno would have been possible.
They seemed poles apart. They
had only met once before, in 1866,
before Malaga became independent
when the Tunku visited Jakarta.
Since Malays became independent
In 1857. relations had been steadily
worsening until early this year
1ndonesia declared its confronta-
ton policy. which it resumed on
July IL after calling 1t off last
month.
Much is at stake, however. at
the summit not only for the three
countries concerned but for peace
and stability in Southeast Asia
as a whole. A clash over the
Malaysian Federation would seri-
ously affect the proposed confed-
Grafton Of President Macapagal
comprising Indonesia, the Philip
pines and Malaga or Malaysia
as the case maybe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28

created. This is to be hoped, be-
cause our technology has clearly
outpaced our political institutions.
Creation of the MILF might force
NATO to catch up in this regard.
The missile power of the force
is not to be down-graded in talk
of political unity. AS our manned
bombers are phased out-and they
are, gradually-and new enemy
targets appear, more ballistic mis-
siles will have to be built in the
coming decade.
The United States, thinking
purely in military terms, could
either build all the necessary mis-
siles itself and pay for them all.
or it could share the cost and the
control of the weapons with our
allies. We are choosing the latter
course with the multilateral force.
Diversity Counts, Too
1t is not only matter Of num-
bers or yields of weapons, as Adj r
miral Ricketts, has pointed out.
Superiority also comes from q d.
versity of delivery systems. And
this diversity, particularly when
it means you can hit the enemy
around virtually his entire perrin
eter rather than a few narrow
sectors, gives the enemy an enor-
nous defense problem.
Admiral Ricketts, also empha-.
sized the increased striking reach
of naval weapons Of today-and !.
tomorrow they will be even
greater. The meaning:
This has made available liter
ally millions of square miles Of
the ocean areas for the operation
Of naval weapons systems for the
attack Of land targets that were
beyond range in days gone by
he said, adding:
ITO forego this opportunity to
use the oceans for this purpose,
with all Of the advantages that
they offer in moving some OF
our weapons away from our own
population centers into a medium
which can absorb any number or.
size of bombs is to forfeit
a potential that offers us such
great additional power" :
Gerard c. Smith, diplomatic
chief of staff to Mr.. Merchant, !.
sees the MILF as a practicable, /,
sensible, first-step solution" to the
problem of meeting Western Eu-
ropes nuclear needs. He believes
it would enhance the strength
and cohesion" of NATO. In the
next months, we should get
NATO's final answer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-28
NATO Nuc|ear Missile Ship Project Sails On

NATO military authorities would
be responsible for assigning tar
gets and extremely close liaison
in this endeavor would be main
tanned with the Strategic Air
Command and Britain's Bomber
Command.
The ships would be mixed
manned; that is, the crews would
be made up of nationals from
the participating countries. If the
United States, Great Britain,
West Germany, Italy, Turkey,
Greece, Belgium and Holland de-
eide to join the force-and pay q
share of its costa crew could be
composed of all these national
tiles.
Much skepticism over the work.
ability of such an ARRANGEMENT
has been aired. But American
officials believe that the challenge
OF participating in a new and
bold experiment in allied unity,
together with the long training
period which would be available
the first ship probably would not
be ready until 1867 If the force
came into being this year-would
assure harmonious and efficient
crew.
But what are the prospects for
the creation Of a NATO multi
lateral force, which might cost
81 billion over a 10-year period?
The answer is probably: Fairly
good and improving.