davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

clearing house for both pub
lie and private agencies; 90
should be empowered to con-
vene national and local con-
ferences and meetings so as
to better utilize the support
of volunteer, church and
other non-government agen-
cies; 90 should include a
citizens advisory committee
made up, among others, of
members of State and local
human relations commits
sions, local government Of
ficials and representatives
from non-government hui
man relations and profess
sional organizations; and a.
should be able to utilize on
a part-time or on a consult
ant basis experienced profess
SIGNALS now working in the
community and human rela-
tons field.
Roy II. MillensOn,
Washington National Repre-
sentative, American Jewish
Committee.
y
While all the opposition to
the civil rights bill seems to
be lined up against Title II,
Public Accommodations, any
one or all Of the seven re-
naming titles is just as un-
constitutional and therefore
would be just as unaccept-
able to all freedom loving
Americans regardless Of race.
color. religion or national
origin.
Title ", Establishment of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

Inc econ o m y action re-
Gently taken by the House
with respect to foreign aid
reflects the growing discon-
tent Of their constituents
with all forms Of unnecessary
Government spending. One
member remarked: THE wall
from home is q demand that
fat and IA t-headedness be
cut out Of the foreign aid
program"
The advocates Of unlimited
spending who vince at every
effort to economic are now
crying out that the foreign
aid cut is a threat to free
world security. However, the
real threat to security is
United States financial chaos
which can be brought about
by sible deficit
spending.
American taxpayers have
already invested, using the
word invest" rather loosely,
$l03 billion in foreign aid
since World War II, and the
end is not yet in sight when
the White House plans call
for adding 81 billion or more
to this total each year, into
the indefinite future.
Last year President Ken
ne dy appointed a 10-man
committee, headed by Gen.
Lucius D. Clay, to look into
the whole mess. Some of the
main criticisms Of its report
indicated that the Unite d
States was attempting too
much for too many countries,
instead Of concentrating on
those countries that prom
Used to yield the best results.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

Now and then the n W S
moves a reporters memory
to recollection-providing a
sort Of text. 1t was many a
year ago at a pit entrance at
lockwood, Tennessee. A sud-
den explosion deep in the
mine had trapped a Gozen
men. At about dawn on the
third m orning the first of
the dead was brought out
and a woman'S scream filled
the air and tore at the ears
and heart as his name was
made known. And again,
there were the long, frozen
nights and days when work
ers sunk a shaft to reach
Floyd Collins, not knowing
that even then he was days
dead in the cold earth of
February in Kentucky.
Two men caught in what
coal miners call a "doghole"
mine a few days ago were
pulled from the darkness of
symbolic death. Mankind al
ways is fascinated, and held,
by the Prometheuslike plight
of man bound by fate in the
stygian inkineSs Of a cave, Of
an excavation, or Of an old
well left uncovered anG cam
ouflaged by grass and weeds.
Breed Of Fatalists
Enthralled by the drama
OF men escaping the clutch
of death in Pennsylvania,
few noted that a third man,
equally trapped, had died
alone, hearing in his last
hours the sounds of drills
moving toward others and
knowing that he. because of
the peculiar quirks of what
ever destiny or geologic
forces had caused a fall Of
rock and earth to trap him
alone, was alien to aid. A
choice had been made. He
was outside 1t. So, he died in
darkness. It is likely he
passed without bitterness,
perhaps even with resigna-
ton. Men who dig coal are
fatalists.
There we're the stories that
held the attention Of most Of
the Nation for about two
weeks.
There was-and ia
greater story. 1t is a part of
the vast and mighty econom-
ic force we call change. No
where has 1t been more Ca
lamitous than in the coal
fields. Greed is In 1t. And au-
donation. SO are misery. pow
erty, illiteracy. and bitter
ness OF spirit.
Why do miners work in
"dogholes?"
Why are the small mines
excluded from the F deral
laws about inspection of
minesp How many readers
noted the angry exchange at
Sheppton. Pennsylvania, be-
tween the United Mine
Workers representative and
that OF the In depen d ZEN t
Miners Union, the form e r
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

The report cast much doubt
on the value of aid given to
certain countries for frankly
political" rather than eco
nomic re a son Sin OF h e r
words, to buy" or keep
friends.
Democrat and Republican
members Of Congress, along
with their constituents, are
ming more and more
alarmed and critical Of aid
g DIN g to Communist coun-
tries, particularly in Eastern
Europe. Just last week dem
onstrationS took place in two
countries which have re-
ceived help from us on a
grand scale and showed any
thing but love for the United
States, their benefactor. In
dia and YugoSlavia we're the
culprits. India receive d
financial aid from us to the
tune of $50 billion and has
shown its gratitude by nearly
always siding against us in
the cold war with our avowed
enemy, the Soviets, who are
determined Ito bury U.S." Yu-
goslavia received our finan-
cial aid amounting to over $2.4
billion, despite Yugoslavia'S
adherence to the Soviet bloc,
midas Prime MiniSte r
Nehru recently S howed his
gratitude to the United
States for the financial aid
by ousting from his cabinet
the three ministers conSid-
cred to have pro- American
leanings. and retain those
considered to have anti
American lnapiOpS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
Why Do Miners Work in 'DoqhoIes'?
By RALPH McGILL

charging that only the UNIV
forced a rescue effort, that
the Independent Union had
agreed to writing the men off
as dead? The Independents
denied this h e atedly. But
that this exchange should
have taken place is revealing.
The story is one Of change.
The working miner today,
with a UNIV contract, makes
about $24 per day. But
thousands of men have been,
in effect, forced out of the
union because Of all that is
wrapped up in those six let
tiers that spell Change"
Trouble-economic trouble,
began after the huge coal
boom that peaked in l948.
The industry had been over
expanded. in part because
Of war, and could produce
twice as much coal as indus
try could consume. Truck
mining and mechanization
multiplied. John L. Lewis
took the position that ma
chimes would be run by his
men and that those displaced
by them would find employ
ment elsewhere. Human ma
ture worked against this con-
clusion. The mountain men
don't move easily from their
coveS and valleys. Coal min
ing was all they knew. Sec
ondly, their educational lev
els were low and they were
not trained to take other
jobs.
Clandestine wage cuts,
agreed to by jobless miners,
provided work in the small
mines, later to be tagged as
"dogholes" by the be-
leaguered UNIV. The coal
strikes Of 1859 we're an out
growth Of cumulated bitter
ness and poverty. They fail
ed. Hundreds Of men never
went back to the union.
Lewis Won Safety Code
Today's consensus is that
no American worker is as
helpless and unprotected as
these men who dig coal In
the small, unprotected pits.
One of John L. Lewis ma
jor achievements was the
Federal Mine Safety Code.
But Congress, with one ear
tuned TO the interests work.
ing smaller mines, restricted
the acts application to dig
gings working Is or more
men.
These small mines &C
count, according TO available
statistics, for about IL per
cent Of the Appalachian coal
output, but for a shocking
1914 per cent OF It's killed
and injured miners. Hunger
and misery lie heavily on the
region. Those who work In
the really small mines can
not live without surplus relief
food. Nowhere has change
hit so hard-and created so
desperate q human con IL
TOMAS in the coal fields.
All Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-10

to back the President (Ei-
Senhower) in any efforts he
might make to lessen world
tensions. Former President
Eisenhower has now favored
ratification of the pending
treaty, provided that 1t is
made very clear that the
treaty does not prohibit our
use of atomic weapons in the
event we are attacked-or
threatened with attack
that we are not required by
the treaty to give 80 days
notice before we use such
weapons.
Gov. Rockefeller Of New
York, an eager aspirant for
the Republican presidential
nomination, also has favored
ratification of the test-ban
treaty. He has fastened,
however, to attack President
Kennedy for his handling Of
our foreign relations, declar-
ing he has failed in leader
ship. Senator Goldwater has
said he will offer a reserva-
ton to the treaty which
calls for the removal of
all Russian armed forces
from Cuba-and that he will
not support the treaty I'M
less that reservation is
adopted.
Democratic Stand
On the Democratic side Of
the Senate, the opposition to
the treaty has so far been
more vociferous than on the
Republican. Senator Russell
Of Georgia, chairman Of the
Armed Services Committee,
and Senator StenniS Of
Mississippi, chairman Of the
Preparedness Subcommittee,
have come out against ratifi-
cation of the treaty as it
Stands-and the Prepared
ness Subcommittee, controlled
by the Democrats, has sub
mitted a report Of its own
on the treaty setting forth
many reasons why the treaty
in its present form should be
turned down by the Senate.
1t has recommended neither
approval nor rejection Of the
treaty, but recommended
that each Senator consider
all the facts and then vote.
Clearly, this will require a
lot of soul-Searching on the
part of the individual Sen
ators who have not COM
mitted themselves for or
against the treaty. They
must weigh the military dan
gers arising from our in
ability in the future to make
atmospheric nuclear tests,
against the advantages of
a leSsening of international
tensions that may come as
a result of the treaty. On
their decisions will rest both
the cause of peace and the
security of the United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12

A retired policewoman turns
on the police when they foil
her suicide attempt. IRE
peat.)
11:10, WTTG (5)-Hollywood's
Finest. Claudia and David"
Not as delightful as "Clau-
dia," but this sequel about
their baby and life in sub
urban Connecticut is easy to
take. Dorothy Mcclure, Rob-
ert Young (l946).
1855, WTOP (9) - The Late
Show. There Was a Young
Lady" A football coach at
a boys school inherits a dia-
mond business. Mild comedy.
Michael Denison and Dulcie
Gray (1952). (British.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12
OTHER TV HIGHLIGHTS

$500, WTOP 49, - Baseball.
Washington Senators VS..
the Boston Red Sox. From
Fenway Park, Boston.
Mote: If rain cancels the
game, the following pro-
grams will be seen: Dobie
ellis at $3.50; Julie and
Carol at Carnegie Hall at
9 pm. (Repeat). and the
U. s. Steel Hour, 10 pm.
THE Old Lady Shows Her
Medals" with Alfred Lunt
and Lynn Fontanne. (The
show concludes 10 years on
TV)
900, WMAL (D-Naked City.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12

the lO-year Tv run Of the
United States Steel Hour. The
play is a new production Of
1.-THE Old Lady Shows H er
Medals" costarring Alfred Lunt
las the narrator) and Lynn
Fontanne.
The only area viewers in
luck, insofar as the Carol Bur-
nett and U. s. Steel Hour shows
are concerned, are those with
good Baltimore TV reception.
Both shows will be carried by
WHARF.
The Louis Allen bulletin for
Boston tonight? Cloudy with
easterly winds. No rain" Sorry.
News Note: WTOP-9 be-
stirred itself yesterday to make
room for Fred Friendly's CHS
Reports documentary on the
railroad deadlock. This 1t did
by cutting back Mcknight to
a haff-hour tonight only lend
ing at -, skipping the CHS
News. and giving the timely
documentary the 7 to 8 pm.
slot, Just ahead of the ball
game.
I fully intended to stay up
Monday and watch Steve AL
lens celebrated Meeting Of the
Minds sketch - the one he
couldn't do on his NBC show
three years ago-but conked off
well ahead of its presentation
(about 1925 ann. That's a
little late anyhow for Darrow,
Montaigne, Aristotle, Hegel,
Doestoevski and Freud. not to
mention me, and WTOP cour-|
teously re-ran it yesterday
morning at a much more clear
headed hour.
Aliens idea, If you missed it,
is a kind Of Open End Twilight
Zone.
The first example of what is
intended to be an occasional
series opened Monday with the
aforementioned six thinkers
from the past-clothed in the
raiment of their times-seated
at a long table with Aristotle at
one end and the moderator
(Steve Allen at the other. AS
you may imagine, it takes some
time to focus on what's being
said after that kind of an i'm
pact. Anyway, moderator Allen
introduced the .subject-pun-
ishment-informed us that It.
would be helpful If we tried to
identify with the subject. and
then let the, thinkers toss
around the subject for about
q half-hour. The actors play
ing the parts were quoting. Of
course, from the written record,
as researched by Nat Hentoff.
This is a vaudevillian gambit,
of course, and made to order
for TV. but too many ideas can
be just as numbing as too few
and writer Hentoff simply
couldn't handle the Indian
apolis-like traffic. He couldn't
progress to capital punishment
in the discussion, for example,
without making straight men
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12

CHS The Railroad Dispute" Tune in for
bow-by-blow account Of disappointing controversy
The question to be resolved at that time viii the COL
lectve bargaining negotiations progress between
railroad labor and management to meeting Of the
minds or will there be Nationwide striker At issue the
right of management to change the work rules in the
light of the feaherbedding which labor disputes What
makes this report must" is its clear presentation Of
the maze of court actions and Presidential Commissions
involved its equally clear estimation of management and
socetys obligation to the worker in this age of auto-
nation and its estimation that the fate of collective
bargaining may depend the result of this dispute
pm, WTOP-9.
Perry COmOIs the last Of the for Perry and the
last of an unbroken eghyear stretch of fu-hour
res shows Che cuts down to specials for his next
No stars tonight but Perry joins his talented chorus
musical variety spots soprano June Magruder scores
an aria from La TraviataD; Mitch Ayres band gets
threenumber medley and the novelty of the evening is
delightful Gennaro- photographed dance to 81 Could
Have Danced AL Night" (Color) Q pm, wRC-.
Steve Aen-Acor Cliff Robertson oscar Peterson and his
jazz trio, John Henry Faux and Juggler Carl Carlson
give Steves show a variety look tonight II rs pm.
WTOP-9.
TOnight-Johnny Carson has Roddy Mcdowell Bert Parks
and the comedy team called the Bernard Brothers along
for chatter, plus featured remote from the much
touted New York opening Of the movie Cleopatra
with spotlights the stars attending. (Coor) 1876
pm, WRC4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12
Benefit Concert Set

Local folk singers will salute
the Southern student movement
in the civil rights struggle with
a benefit program at WUST
Radio Music Hall, Ninth and
v streets NV. at 7:45 pm
Sunday Proceeds will go to
the Student Nom Violent Co
.ordinating Committee Of At,
lanta.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12
TODAY'S RADIO
HIGHLIGHTS

1855, WTOP-Baseball. Wash
ington Senators VS.. the Bos-
ton Red Sox.
$500, WGAY-FM 1915 Mel
Stagedoor. Selections from
kiss Me, Kate" and THE
Pajama Came"
TOMORROW
1:55, WTOP-Baseball. Wash
ington Senators VS.. the
Boston Red Sox.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12
ON THE AIR .
Pinch-hitters Only,
Carol and the Lunts
BY BERNIE HARRISON
Star Tv Critic

The Old Lady Shows Her Medals But Only II 1t Rains
Dept:
Nothing has changed since last wrote about it. WTOP9
committed to televsng the bagame between Washington
and Boston from Fenway Park tonight unless it rains
be seeing either the repeat of the Julie and Carol at Car
negie Hall special at pm the final dramatic program in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12
~ KEY PREVIEWS

Tontohts top shows preuieiOed BY TV KEYS staff,
who attend rehearsaIs match screenings and dnayse
scripts IN New York, Hollywood and elsewhere Their
opinions are offered as guide to area UieUers
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12

out of some of the thinkers and
making Darrow (who died in
1881 the center Of the pro-
gram. They seemed to be argu-
ing even when they weren't in
context.
Too bad the thinkers can't
defend themselves. Was this
the Darrow who swayed juries?
Did Aristotle really look like q
statue? Why does a Frenchman
have to appear as If he's SMELL
ing something? The actors, I'm
afraid, came prepared with
every cliche in the book. Think
ers from the past are more
accurately read than said.
80 A&
On the Run:
George Maharis won't be on
the Ed Sullivan show Sunday.
:. According to Maharis' rep
resentatives, the packagers of
Route Sc served him and CHS
with legal papers seeking to
enjoin, him from working for
anybody else. The injunc-
ton is scheduled for argument
June 20. ptt
Steve Allen-going fine about
the country-has been renewed
for another year by WTOP-9.
The 90-minute Festival OF
Performing Arts" special Ito be
presented at the Watergate
next Monday night under the
sponsorship Of the First Lady,
consists of excerpts from three
shows: Yehudi and Hephzibah
Menuhin; Paul ScOfield and
Joy Parker, and Pablo CasaIs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-12
49, FAMOUS-MAKE
UHF-VHF N
GENERAL ELECTRIC
2-Speed, 2.CycIe Washer

Two speeds end tive
cycles 10 handle ell
types Of febViss. a Ter.
rifle Dewd's Discount
buy, new thru SssvF.
day.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1963-09-20
Sandy River

Sept II Students leaving
for college from this community
are Miss Sara Gillian to West
hampton. Edward Williamson to
University Of Richmond. Bill
Gates to VPI and Jimmy Gates
to University Of Georgia.
Mr.. and Mrs. Willis Trip and
family. of Silver Spring, Md.
were week end guests of her
parents. Mr. and Mrs. Temple
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1963-09-20

jenkins.
Guests on Sunday of Mr.. and
Mrs. w. c. Morrissette were Mr..
and Mrs. James Morrissette and
daughter and Mr.. and Mrs. MINI
mos and Donna. of Petersburg.
Jimmy Morrissette. Of HopeWell,
is spending a few days with Mr.
and Mrs. Morrissette this week.
Garrett White, of Richmond,
spent the week end with Mr..
and Mrs. Mercer Gillian.
Mrs. E. j. Raiford. of Peters
burg, is spending a few days
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1963-09-20

with the Bases at Riverview
Farm.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charlie Gates
and Miss Betty 10 Gates spent
the week erd at Virginia Beach.
Misses Betty and Virginia Gates
joired them at the beach for the
week end.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jimmy Davis
and family, of Richmond. spent
Sunday with Mrs. R. B. Wal
thall. Mrs Walthall returned
home with them and will remain
for visit. y
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1963-06-12
Milestone Is Site
Of All Activity
BY TOMMY ID. GLOVER
Assistant Agricultural
Extension Agent

Twenty six excited, full
of-camping fever Alters
have headed for Camp Mill
stone! They will share. with
Edgecombe County, a week
(June 3-8) of work details,
recreation, athletic events,
claSSwork, tours, nature-Study,
evening programs and veSpers
all planned to provide OPP
portunitieS for the spiritual,
physical, and social develop
ment of the individual All
member.
Milestone, located between
Ellerbe and Hoffman, N. c.,
is stated with a well-trained
camp manager, life guards,
instructors. Delicious food is
served at every meal and re-
freshments every evening!
Columbus County's anxious
campers are: Gayle Horne,
Emma jeanette Brown, Ginny
Honeycutt, Joyce Thompson.
Gayle Thompson, Ann Honey
cult, Carolyn Harris, Ellyn
Harris, Beth Avant, Sylvia
Taylor, Paula Spivey, Debbie
Mobiles, Hannah Smith. Vickie
White, Sue Horne, Maragret
Carter, Norman Strole, Kirk
Wayne, Wright Wayne, Greg
Inman, Coleman Parker. Fred
die Tyree, Bill Ray Ham
monds, Jimmy McGougan, o.
c. Stevens, and Gordon Bat
ten along with Betty Caps
and Tommy d. Glover, All
Agents.
No other activity in the All
Program contributes more to
the all-time objective of All
Club work - All Trains
Youth in the Art Of Living
than does the well organized
and properly conducted All
Club Camp. The well-planned
program provides for the eco
nomic, social, spiritual and
physical growth and develop
ment of all delegates attend
ing. Provisions should be made
for every All boy and girl
who has done satisfactory
work during the year to attend
camp. II is great award for
work well done.
Wish you had gone ? i? :?
Next year. be the first to sign
up II
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1963-06-12
Soil Tests Nav
Help Bod Crops

Are some crops on your farm
making poor growth? II so, sol
tests may supply information
that will be helpful in determ.
lining If acidity or a lack
plant nutrients is causing thi
condition, says Charles D. Rap.
er, County Extension Chair
man. Before steps can be tax.
en- to correct the problem, tn,
cause must be determined
When attempting to identity
causes for poor growth several
observations will be helpful:
l. Is this a general condi.
ton? That is. are all fields in
the same crop making pool
growth? If an adequate lining
and fertilization program has
been followed, poor growth is
likely to be due to an unfavor-
able season, diseases. insects
or some other environment
condition.
z. Is the poor growth OBJ
served In spots or small areas
within a large field? In this
instance a soil deficiency can
be added to the list of posi-
BILE causes under number | and
soil tests will be a useful
source of information.
Where soil tests are used in
problem Identification, the fol-
lowing procedure should be
used:
l. Collect two composite
samples, one from the poor
area and another from the sur
rounding area where growth
is normal, if such exists. A
comparison of results for the
two samples may show differ
enceS that can be associated
with the problem.
Z. Describe the problem en-
the information sheet or send
a letter with the samples to
the Soil Testing Division, N
c. Department of Agriculture,
Raleigh, N. c. This, along with
soil test results, will give q
better chance to determine if
the poor growth is due to nut
rient deficiencies.
Mr.. Raper indicates that as
sistance and advise in problem
Identification is available from
the County Extension office.