davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-14

is scarcely visible. He quoted
Virgil on the subject Of the in
comparable beauties Of the
italian countryside. How sad,
he would say, almost as an
afterthought. that they could
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-14

lout the fear Of excommunica-
tion-Pope John never invoked
the threat--their wives and
sweethearts voted with them.
Fought on TeIevision
And finally, there was tele-
vision. For the first time in
Italian history. much Of the
campaign was fought in the
television studios Of RAJ. the
government controlled net
work. The eight parties had
equal time.
The Communists alone were
prepared. Their round-tables
and quiz shows were lively and
inviting.
Mr.. Togliatti turned a
smiling face to the cameras. In
unaccustomedly paternal tones.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-14

Directions: drive out Wisconsin Ave. post NH to
the Congressional PIozo Shopping Center, turn left
on Hopine Rd. to Jefferson ST.. right on jefferson
to Congressional Towers. Res. Mgr. phi. 327-43oo.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
Pesticide Poison

Interior Secretary Udalls appeal to
Congress for more pesticide research
money was based partly on new Interior
report supporting the growing realiza-
ton that pesticide distribution and use
must be brought under tighter control.
The report stresses, for example, that
Of 1900 specimens of birds and mammals
analysed in % States and Canada, rs
per cent contained peSticide residues.
Another botherSome aspect is the
discovery that eggs and baby ducks,
collected 500 miles from the nearest
insecticide application, contained more
residues than the adult ducks in the
same area. This tranSmittal from adult
to offspring, in seemingly heavier con-
centrations, is a significant cause for
concern. There also is new evidence
that contamination in wildlife spreads
far beyond the sprayed areas. In tests
on the bald eagle, the disappearing
American emblem, only one in 26 birds
did not contain DOT deposits.
Here, then, is another strong appeal
backing up those of Rachel Carson and
the Presidents Science Advisory Com
mittee for safe peSticide control plan.
Secretary Udall is asking for some
thing more than the 81, 565, 900 limit now
placed on pesticide research. If that is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
Hooked Monkeys

Albert Einstein College Of Medicine
has a distinction all its own. Members
of the staff have taught six monkeys
to smoke. No other college can make
that statement.
Now that the simians have been
hooked, there's the very devil to pay.
After two months of pulling at tobacco
filled tubes, they turn up their noses
at cheap limitations, such as hot air.
So far, no blindfold tests, but it is easy
to tell that with monks who know, it's
long-leaf domestic stuff, to /. And
they don't give boot for filters.
Someone is hoping to learn why
humans get hooked, too. The monkeys,
given a choice Of lighted or unlighted
cigarettes, select the lighted one every
time. OF course! How stupid do they
think a monkey can get?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
Science as q Common Ground

inquiry which the Soviet scientist must
apply In his work may eventually in
fluence other areas Of Soviet thinking.
Into a vortex of such force and power,
the other segments of these diverse
societies may be drawn.
Modern nations cannot afford to be
scientifically inefficient. &. I'd. AS a result,
1t seems to me that in some respects
the similarities between the Scientif-
ically developed nations, such as the
United States and the Soviet Union,
are likely to increase rather than de-
crease. Both the United States and the
Soviet Union are in the midst OF a
scientific revolution which is surely
changing the very fabric Of Russian
society, as 1t is ours. E.
OF course, this near unity in SCI
ence should not blind us to the deep
differences in the political and social
PHILOSOPHERS Of the two countries. 1t
would be foolish to assume that science
can find solutions to all Of these diff
ferences, or that 1t can resolve the
clash Of national interests. 1t
would be equally foolish, however, to
assume that because of these differ
ences science offers no hope as a
common meeting ground between the
two nations. - From a recent address
By DIR. GLENN T. SEABORG, chair
man of the United States Atomic Energv
Commission.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
Pipe Dream Salaries

Whatever comes of the Randall
Committees Federal pay raise recon-
mendations, they already are assured
a wide-eyed leadership in and out of
Government circles. To the average
citizen, at least, they are such stuff
as dreams are made Of, for who would
not wish to awaken one morning and
find his salary doubled or better?
conservative but adequate" was
the way the committee characterized its
proposed increases for top-level posi-
lions in all three branches. Let's see,
now. AS visualized, Cabinet members
would make $4,000 Cup from $25, 0O0)
The Vice President and Speaker of the
House would draw $4,000 Cup from
$35,O0O) plus $4,000 expense allowance
Senators and Representatives would
receive $4,000 Cup from $22,5O0) of
which $4,000 would be tax deductible.
The UnderSecretary of State would
jump from $22,500 to $45,000. Those
are few at-random selections, and
If any are conservative" we've been
consulting the wrong dictionary.
One reason given for the higher
pay plan is that good men are hard
to find and unwilling to serve for to-
days grubby wages. To believe this,
however, one must ignore the compe-
ton that usually develops for every
Federal judgeShip vacancy. And it is
hard to remember any scarcity of can
didates for elective office or the richer
political plums.
The pay reviSions would raise Fed
eral District judges to $4,000 from the
present $22,500. Now $22,5OO may not
seem like a whopping stipend these
days, but there are many competent
attorneys who would welcome an ap-
pointment to the bench. They know
the position carries some built-in ex-
penSe-saving features, such as secre-
tarieS, law clerks, law library, rent-free
office, limousine, etc.
Clarence B. Randall is a top-flight
executive who thinks big like an ex-
ecutive should. When he says higher
salaries would improve the Federal
system, he undoubtedly is right. The
entire cost, he says, would be only about
$40 million a year.
Too frequently, $40 million is treated
as a mere pittance. But this is time
when a tax cut is in the works and
when the fiscal year deficit may mount
to more than $40 billion. With Congress
Sensitively aware Of this, and of what
the folks back home are saying, the
chance Of them giving themselves or
anyone else these fat raises this year
is not worth two cents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17

The huge caravan routes
1.-The Incense Road"-ran to
the Gulf Of Aqaba and to
Solomon's booming port.
They brought spices and
silks. Moreover the Fleet Of
Hiram, which brought gold
from Ophir, also brought a
great amount of .almug wood
and precious stones" Il
Kings, 10:1D.
Now 1t is a diplomatic
bone over which NaSser's
dogs of war are beginning to
growl and which the United
Ma tions occupies and
the United States promises to
keep freely open to COM
merce.
The success of the port is
modest, yet large in results.
Israel trades. Her ships sail
the seas. Much of the trade
is with Africa, as it was CEN
turtles before the birth Of
Christ.
The Hebrews, wandering
in the Arabian desert after
leaving Egypt, are believed
to have been there. Scholars
dispute that route, as they
do that of De Soto in our
own land. But almost Ger
tainly they were there.
The Jordan valley is, In
fact, a great crack made by
an earthquake. In the South
it extends from the shore of
the Dead Sea down to the
Gulf of Aqaba. Along the
way are signs Of volcanic &C
ton. At the Gulf of Aqaba
are black basalt and lava.
Two we'll but unfavorably
known cities disappeared
into this great fissure in the
earth - Sodom and Gomor-
rah. These evil "cities of the
Plain" (Gen. 1920 now are
generally believed to be be-
meath the southerly waters
of the Dead Sea itself.
Their destruction appar-
emily came about in q big
earthquake, which literally
rent the earth, with o re-
lease of gases which still es-
cape there, and, Of course,
with much fire and brim-
stone.
The Gulf OF Aqaba has
seen much history.
And GAIA 1t was q
Philistine town. Samson OPP
Grated whereabouts :. fl
nally. he carried away the
very gates Of GAIA It,
too, is an old story.
History, as q wise man
said, has more imagination
than men.
CAll Rights Ressrvsd)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17

The Soviet scientist lives In a
society different from ours in many
ways-a society whose political princi-
Piles clash with our national ideals. But
when he is in the laboratory, the Soviet
scientist behaves in much the same way
as the American scientist, or the scien-
fist of any other country. He has to,
or nature will not yield up her secrets
to him. There is no difference between
a Soviet neutron and U. S. neutron,
or between a Soviet uranium atom
and an American one. Newton's third
law Of motion works as we'll for Soviet
rockets as 1t does for those Of our
country. No one has discovered a means
by which one nation can have sole
proprietary rights to scientific princi-
Piles. Even the most perfect security
system only buys time when one is
faced with determined scientific
competitor.
OF course, the Soviet scientist can
have political ideas that are poles apart
from those Of his American counter
part. But the habit Of mind which
science encourages is pervasive. The
scientist who is accustomed to ques-
tioning everything in the laboratory,
to measuring and analyzing before
forming opinions, should be less likely
than others to accept dogmas blindly
when he is outside the laboratory. We
can only hope that the method OF free
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
CONGO Trouble

Inc former french Congo, small
neighbor Of the much bigger former
Belgian Congo, has marked the third
anniversary of its independence by over
throwing the government Of President
Fulbert Youlou. The overthrow has been
brought about by riotous demonStra-
lions in Brazzaville, the capital, whose
population Of 136,0OO-in contrast to
Leopoldville's-has been generally order
ly and law-abiding up to now.
Although the situation remains OBJ
Scure in many respects, what seems
clear enough is that labor leaders have
been behind the rioting and that they
have had popular support. Their chief
grievances, apparently, have had to do
with widespread unemployment and too
lavish living, If not corruption, on the
part Of members Of the Youlou govern
ment. In addition, the ousted President
"a Roman Catholic priest who has long
since been virtually defrocked by his
ecclesiastical SuperiorS-had won labor's
enmity with his espousal Of one-party
rule, oriented more to the right than to
the left.
So now there is new provisional
regime in Brazzaville. Put into office
by the CongoleSe army, which is COM
manded by French officer, the regime
is headed by one AlphonSe MaSSamba-
Debat, who Is said to be a moderate
leftist." According to the army's an
nouncement, he will govern with the
help of seven or eight "technicianS" who
will serve as his cabinet AS for parlia-
mentary procedures, they are out, for
the time being at least. The National
Assembly has been dissolved, and every
thing will be run by the executive until
such time, If ever, that elections are
held to democratic" the situation.
This seems to lay the groundwork
for one-party rule OF type much tough
er than the one advocated by the right
leaning Fulbert Youlou. But perhaps
such rule is inevitable, If not necessary,
in a place as primitive as the Congo
Republic, which is primarily agricultural
and whose total population Of 100000
must try to exc out an existence under
the most trying equatorial circum-
stances. A question suggests itself: Is
a country of this type land there are
more than a few others like it, really
entitled to its present voting equality
in the United Nations with such powers
as America, Britain, France and the
Soviet Union?
The question, we think, is likely to
become more and more pertinent as
the years 60 by and the U. N. struggles
with what has been called the tyranny
of the weak over the strong.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
How the High Bench Hos Tilted on Relation

And this has continued to be
the case in some of the States
down to the present period.
without the slightest suspi-
cion that 1t was against the
principle Of public law or re-
publican liberty. :"
And in Vidal v. Girard
(l844 the Supreme Court
acknowledged Christianity as
a part Of our common law.
Again. In Church Of the Holy
Trinity v. the United States
tl89D, the Supreme Court
favorably quoted Chancellor
Kent's opinion in the case of
The People v. Ruggles: THE
people Of this State New
York;. in common with the
people Of this country. pro-
fess the general doctrines OF
Christianity as the rule Of
their faith and practice; and
to scandalize the Author Of
these doctrines is not only, In
a religious point Of view, ex-
tremely impious. but. even in
respect TO the obligations due
TO society, is q gross violation
Of decency and good order.
-. Nor are we bound by any
expressions in the Constitu-
ton, as some have strangely
supposed, either not to pun
ish at all, or TO punish indis-
criminately. the like attacks
upon the religion OF Mohamet
or the Grand Lama; and for
this plain reason, that the
case assumes that we are a
Christian people. and the
morality Of the country is
deeply migrated upon Chris
tianity, and not upon the
doctrine Of those imposters. "
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
THE POLITICAL MILL
Squeeze Play on the Railroads
By GOULD LINCOLN

nomically disastrous. There
would have been increased de-
mand that some of the labor
laws be changed in order to
prevent Nationwide strikes
in the railroads and other
major industries If this strike
had taken place. Labor
would look upon such legis-
lation with anguish and would
fight tooth and nail, and al
so politically. @
Big Strike Problem Remains
No one has yet tackled SER
iously the problem Of Ma
tion-wide strikes which In the
past have seriously injured
the economy Of the country,
caused huge monetary losses
to industries, to the workers
and to the public. Strikes.
for example, in the steel and
automobile industries and in
the shipping industry. Nor is
it likely anyone will, with an
election coming up next year.
Collective bargaining, which
seemed to be on the brink of
disaster because of this rail-
road situation, has I'M
doubtedly been given Q lift
by the agree ent now
reached. Compulsory arbitra-
ton seemingly would have
been the only step left had
Secretary Writ failed in his
efforts to bring the roads and
the brotherhoods together.
1t Is almost four years
since the railroads proposed
work rules changes to elimi-
nate featherbedding. They
agreed to delay after delay,
while the brotherhoods, par
ticularly the enginemen and
firemen, declined to agree to
anything. The roads original
proposals would have saved
the industry and the public
$500 million a year In pay
ment for work not needed or
not performed. 1t does seem
that right and justice are on
their side.
Meanwhile, with time run
ming out, the congressional
committees on interstate
and foreign commerce h cid
hearings. They did not, how
ever, report any legislation.
Indeed, they did not draft
any. They were still waiting
to see If legislation could be
avoided. The very fact that
arrangements had been made
for 100000 civil rights DEM
onstrators to be in the Ma
tional Capital August %
coming from outside Wash
ington - should have been
a spur to Congress to act, for
many Of these demonstrators
would have been stranded
here If the railroads had shut
down.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

Germany had previously
lost the Saar after World
War I, when the region was
governed by the League Of
Nations and France was given
the sole right TO mine coal
there for is years In COM
pensation for destruction Of
French coal mines during the
war. The League Of Nations
returned the Saar TO Ger
many In 1885 in accordance
with O plebiscite Of the
Saar's inhabitants; 90 per
cent OF the votes were for
reunion with Germany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17

1t does not seem irrational
and irrelevant for a religious
people to become concerned
when they note that recent
Supreme Court opinions and
decisions appear to have at
least a casual relationship to
the demands formulated by
the American Association for
the Advancement Of Atheism
in their Third Annual Report,
April, 1929: The United
States. not being a Christian
Nation and its goddess Consti-
tuition requiring a secular
government. the American
Association for the Advance
ment OF Atheism demands:
Cd Taxation Of Church prop
erty. 90 Elimination Of
chaplains and sectarian in
stitutions from public pay
rolls. 90 Repeal of laws re-
stricting the rights Of athe-
lists and enforcing Christian
morals. "a Abolition Of the
oath In Courts. 90 Non-is-
suance of religious proclama-
tons by chief executives. go
Erasure Of the superstitious
inscription I'm God We
Trust" from our coins. %
Exclusion Of the Bible as a
sacred book from the public
schools. go Suppression OF
the bootlegging OF religion
through dismissing pupils for
religious instruction during
school hours. 80 Repeal Of
anti evolution. anti birth
control and censorship laws"
Paul A. Fisher,
President, Citizens for Edu-
cational Freedom.
Bowie, Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
Organizer

A recent letter by DR.. Edna
r. Fluegel eloquently protest.
ing Secretary Rusk's fra
ternal greetings from the
people Of the United States
to Khrushchev. Gromyko, ct
al, touches a point of inter-
national morals too rarely
discussed-guilt by diplomatic
association. Therefore, we
here and now propose a
brand new organization, with
DR.. Fluegel as a charter
member. composed Of Amer
leans who refuse to grasp the
CORY hands of those who have
sworn Ito bury U.S." The name
is SOCH-Shake Only Clean
Hands.
Dan p. Van GOrder.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
PEOPLE AND PROBLEMS
Gulf of Aqobo and GAIA Old Stories
BY RALPH McGHL
The Gulf Of Aqaba and

The Gulf Of Aqaba and
GAIA?
They are old stories.
King Solomon built a
fleet of ships at Ezion- geber,
which is near Eloth (Elath)
on the shore Of the Red Sea,
in the land of Edom d.
and they went to Ophir and
brought from there
gold 10 Kings, 1920
Elath-that's at the Gulf
of Aqaba.
That's the ancient town
near where Solomon built his
fleet. Elath was the more i'm
portant town because the
Book of Kings uses it to 10
cate Ezion-geber as bein g
close to Elath.
Some years ago an expedi-
ton found EZion- geber and
dug its ruins out of the
sound. They located the old
plants for smelling copper.
The land northward in Sinai
is where Solomon's mine
were. They are there to this
day and the Israelis have put
them to work.
Sheba Solomon Area
The Gulf Of Aqaba was
where the redheaded Queen
Of Sheba came on her way to
visit Solomon. Sheba was
greater than Cleopatra-the
old one or the new.
This was the port through
which Solomon imported
horses for his famous stables,
in recent years uncovered at
Megiddo.
Hiram, Of Tyre. came to
the Gulf of Aqaba, with his
craftsmen to build the har-
Dor, docks and ships. Later,
Of course, these same crafts
men built the Temple. And
Hiram sent in the navy his
servants, shipmen that had
knowledge Of the sea
q Kings 9:2D.
Hiram was q Phoenician.
But where was Ophir2 1t is a
lost city and region. Scholars
quarrel about 1t. The best
authorities believe 1t was In
East Africa. 1t will be dug up
some day. 1t is there beneath
the sands.
what a port Ezion-geber
must have been!
"Once every three years
the fleet used to come
bringing gold. silver, ivory,
apes and peacocks." Il
Kings, 1920. And Solo
mons import Of horses was
Egypt and Kue. and the
Kings traders received them
from Kue at a price -"
Il Kings, 1929.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17

nAAAVA ANn q ElCbJAAlS II 10
trations" which concern
Ralph McGill are not sur
prising nor irrational when
one attempts to follow the
vagaries Of recent Supreme
Court opinions relating to the
mo law" clause Of the First
Amendment.
Although presaged by vir-
tually all Of Justice Clark's
precedent citations in Abing-
ton School District v. Shemp
de, Everson, McCollum, 70
rach, Torcaso and EngeD the
American public was curl
ously unprepared for the ban
ming by the Court OF the last
vestige Of Christianity from
the public schools.
Why did the American
people not foresee the ulti-
mate result Of recent court
opinions? Because for 1855
years prior to the Everson
decision jurists had condi-
toned them 10 believe that
the Christian religion had q
place in public life.
Justice Story in his Com
mentaries on the Constitu-
ton" 1880 stated: Every
American Colony from It's
foundation down to the Rev.
olution, with the possible ex-
ception Of Rhode Island, did
openly. by the whole course
OF its laws and institutions,
support and sustain in some
form the Christian religion.
and almost invariably gave a
peculiar sanction TO some Of
Its fundamental doctrines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-08-17
Cautions COP.

To beat the Democrats, 1t
is imperative to retain the
g. o. P. as Q national party
which can appeal to all the
people. not Just particular
regions and special interests.
In following this course, VIC
tory Is attainable and the
re establishment Of tn e
G. o. P. as the majority party
q distinct possibility. How
ever, If the narrow approach
Of the Goldwater partisanS
is followed, our party will
lose its character as q ma
tional party, in which all
Americans can find Q home.
Yes, those OF us IN the east
ern metropolitan areas, D. C.
included, which have been
written off by the follow
ers" Of the able Republican
Senator from Arizona. The
followers" not the Senator,
are the ones advocating such
q course of action.
It is timely to recall Sen
ator Goldwater's speech be-
fore the Republican Nation
al Convention on July q,
1860. ". Both Of the great
historic parties represent .
broad spectrum Of views,
spread over q variety Of in
dividual and group convic-
tions," and also, If each
segment each section of
our great party were to in
sist on the complete and
unqualified acceptance Of its
views - If each viewpoint
were to be enforced by q
Russian-style veto, the Re-
publican Party would not
long survive"
This danger expressed by
the Senator is exactly what
is taking place within the
Party; the Young Republi-
can organization is a prime
example. I found from per-
sonal experience in the Dis
trict Club that If one does
not follow their chain of
thought on issues ranging
from their detestation Of any
form Of liberalism to their
neo = isolationistic demands
for withdrawal from the
United Nations that you are
a subject Of scorn and doubts
as to your credentials to call
yourself a Republican.
Fortunately the national
party Is not yet in the same
undemocratic with q small
"d") frame Of mind but the
danger is now clearly posed
that 1t will be. I call on
Senator Goldwater to live UP
to his words at the 1860 Ma
tional Convention and to
exercise his leadership ca
liabilities to sway his fol-
lowers from their present
course. which is turning to-
wards a dangerous type Of
narrow, ightiSt extremism.
Lee Sturgill.