davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
FRANKFURT
Continued From Page Al

COHSluuCu ETOm rage AL
pledge or deny this indivisibi-
lity-those who would separate
Europe from America or split
one ally from another-would
only give aid and comfort to
the men who make themselves
our adversaries and welcome
any Western disarray."
This may not be a defini-
ton Of Gaulist doctrine that
everyone would buy, including
Gen, de Gaulle himself. But
in terms Of the current Am
erican thinking. there can be
no doubt who Mr.. Kennedy was
talking about.
COmmunique Disappointing
The hotter pace today con-
trasted sharply with the relati-
vely quiet interlude earlier In
the West German capital.
There were meeting yester.
day morning with West Ger.
man Chancellor Adenauer anc
President H Heinrich LuebkI
while the foreign ministers
huddled separately. There wa
a full-fledged press confer,
ence in the afternoon an,
finally q formal communion
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
Leaves Choice
To Europeans

It Is only q fully cohesive
Europe that can protect Us all
against augmentation Of the
alliance. Only such Q Europe
will permit full reciprocity Of
treatment across the ocean, In
facing the Atlantic agenda.
With only such q Europe can
we have o full give-and-take
between equals, an equal shar-
ing Of responsibilities. and an
equal level Of sacrifice. ! repeat
again-so that there may be no
misunderstanding the choice
Of paths Of the unity of Europe
Is a choice which Europe must
make. But as you continue this
great effort, undeterred by
either difficulty or delay, you
should know that this new
European greatness will be not
an object Of fear. but q source
of strength. for the United
States Of America.
There are other political
tasks before US. We must all
learn to practice more COM
pletely the art Of consultation
on matters stretching well be-
yond immediate military and
economic questions. Together,
for example, we must explore
the possibilities Of leashing the
tensions Of the cold war and
reducing the dangers Of the
arms race. Together we must
work TO strengthen the spirit OF
those Europeans who are now
not free, to re-establish their
old ties to freedom and the
West, so that their desire for
liberty and sense Of nationhood
will survive for future express
sion. We ask those who would
be our adversaries to under
stand that In our relations with
them we will not bargain one
nations interest against an
others and that the commit
ment to the cause Of freedom is
common to us all.
All of US In the West must
be faithful TO our conviction
that peace in Europe can never
be complete until everywhere
in Europe men can choose, In
peace and freedom, how their
countries shall be governed,
and choose without threat to
any neighbor - Identification
with their countrymen.
| preach no easy liberation
and I make no empty promises.
but my countrymen believe
strongly in the proposition that
all men shall be free and all
free men shall have this right
lof choice.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
Great Union
Far in Future

As we look steadily eastward
in the hope and purpose Of new
freedom, we must also look
and evermore closely-to our
transatlantic ties. The Atlantic
community will not soon be-
come q single overarching su-
per-state. But practical steps
toward stronger common pur-
pose are well without eur grasp.
As we widen our common eff
fort in defense. and our three
fold cooperation In economies,
we shall inevitably strengthen
our political ties as well.
Just as your current efforts
for unity in Europe will pro-
duce q stronger voice in the
dialogue between US, so In
America our current battle for
the liberty and prosperity Of all
citizens can only deepen the
meaning Of our common his
toric purposes. In the far fu-
ture there may be q new great
union for US all. But for the
present. there is plenty for all
to do In building new and en-
during connections.
In short, the words Of
Thucydides are q warning, not
q prediction. We have It In us,
as 10 years have shown, to
build our defenses, TO strength
en- our economies, and TO
tighten our political bonds,
both in good weather and in
bad. We can move forward
with the confidence that is
born Of success and the skill
that Is born Of experience. And
from the certainty that we are
not only united by danger and
necessity. but by hope and
purpose as well.
For we know that freedom Is
more than the rejection Of
tyranny-that prosperity Is
more than an escape from
want--that partnership Is more
than q sharing Of power.
These are all. above all, great
human adventures. They must
have meaning and conviction
and purpose - and because
they do. In your country now
and In mine. in all the nations
Of the alliance. we are called
TO a great new mission.
It Is not q mission Of self
defense alone-for that u q
means. not an end. Il Is not
mission Of arbitrary power
for we reject the idea that one
nation should dominate an
other. The mission Is to create
q new social order. founded on
liberty and justice, In which
men are the masters Of their
fate. In which states are the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25

watch for freedom all around
the world. The firrnness Of
American strength. have beer
shown, in support Of free rner
and free governments, In Asia
lin Africa, In the Americas. and
above all, here In Europe.
We have undertaken, and
sustained In honor. relations Of
mutual trust and obligation
with more than 40 allies. We
are proud Of this record, which
more than answers all doubts
But, In addition, these proven
commitments to the common
freedom and safety are as
sured, In the future as In
the past. by one great fun
damental fact-that they are
deeply rooted In Americas own
self interest. Out commitment
to Europe Is indispensable in
our interest as well as yours.
II Is not In our interest To
try to dominate the European
councils Of decision. II that
were our objective, we would
prefer to see Europe divided
and weak, enabling the United
States to deal with each frag-
ment individually. Instead We
look forward TO Q Europe
united and strong - speaking
with o common voice - acting
with q common villa world
power capable Of meeting world
problems as . full and equal
partner.
This Is In the interest Of III
all. For war in Europe, as w
learned twice In 10 years, De.
stroys peace In America. A
threat to the freedom Of Eu-
rope Is O threat TO the freedom
Of America. That Is why nc
administration In Washington
can fail to respond TO such Q
threat-not merely from good
viii but from necessity. And
that is why we look forwart
to q united Europe In an At.
lantic partnership entity o.
interdependent parts, sharinI
equally both burdens and de.
cisions. and linked together ir
the tasks Of defense and Tho
arts Of peace.
This Is no fantasy. II will b
achieved by concrete steps h
solve the problems that facs
us all: Military, economic and
political. Partnership Is not Z
posture but o process con.
tinuous process that grow
stronger each year as we devcts
ourselves to common tasks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25

forward. Nor do I believe that
there Is any one right course
or any single final pattern. Il
Is Europeans who are building
Europe.
Yet the reunion Of Europe,
as Europeans shape it---bring-
ing o permanent end TO the
civil wars that have repeatedly
wracked the world-will con-
tinue to have the determined
support Of the United States.
For that reunion Is o necessary
step in strengthening the
community Of freedom. It would
strengthen our alliance for its
defense, and It would be in our
national interest Is well as
yours.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
Partnership
In Peace Cited

We are partners for peace
not in q narrow bilateral con-
text but In q framework Of At
lantic partnership. The ocean
divides US less than the Medi-
terranean divided the ancient
world Of Greece and Rome. Our
Constitution is old and yours Is
young-our culture Is young
and yours Is old-but In our
commitment to freedom, we
can and must speak with but
one voice. Our roles are distinct
but Complementary and our
goals are the same: Peace and
freedom for all men, for all
time, in . world Of abundance
and justice.
That is why our nations are
working together to strengthen
NATO, to expand trade, to as
sist the developing countries, to
align our monetary policies and
to build the Atlantic Com
munity. ! would not diminish
the miracle Of West Germany's
economic achievements. But
the true German miracle has
been your rejection Of the past
for the future-your recon.
Citation with France, your
participation in the building Of
Europe, your leading role In
NATO, and your growing sup.
port for constructive UNDER
takings throughout the world.
Your economic institutions,
your constitutional guarantees,
your confidence In civilian Au-
thority. are all harmonious
with the ideals Of older democ.
racies. And they form q firm
pillar Of the democratic Euro
pean community.
But Goethe tells US in his
greatest poem that Faust lost
the liberty Of his soul when he
said to the passing moment:
Stay, thou art 80 fair" And
our liberty, too. is endangered
II we pause for the passing mo-
ment. II we rest on cur achieve
ments. II we resist the peace Of
progress. For time and the
world do not stand still. Change
Is the law of life. And those
who look only to the past are
certain to miss the future.
The future Of the West lies in
Atlantic partnership system
Of cooperation, interdepend-
ence and harmony whose peo-
Piles can jointly meet their
burdens and opportunities
throughout the world. Some
say that Is only a dream, but
I do not agree. A generation
Of achievement-the Marshall
Plan, NATO, the Schuman
Plan and the Common Market
urges Us up the path 10
greater unity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
Motions Share
Common Defense

Inc IlrSL TASK OF the Ablantlc
Community was to assure the
common defense. That defense
was and still Il indivisible. The
United States win risk It's cities
to defend yours because we
need your freedom to protect
ours. Hundreds Of thousands
of our soldiers serve with yours
on this continent, as tangible
evidence Of that pledge. Those
who would doubt our pledge or
deny this indivisibility = those
who would separate Europe
from America or split one ally
from another-would only give
aid and comfort to the men
who make themselves our adj
versaries and welcome any
Western disarray.
The purpose Of our common
military effort Is not war but
peace-not the destruction Of
nations but the protection of
freedom. The forces that West
Germany contributes TO this eff
fort are second to none among
European nations. Your ma
ton is the first line Of defense
and your divisions, side by
side with our own, are q source
Of strength to US all.
These conventional forces are
essential, and they are backed
BY the sanction Of thousands
Of the most modern weapons
here on European soil and
thousands more, only minutes
away, on posts around the
world. Together our nations
have developed for the for
ward defense Of Free Europe
O deterrent far surprising the
present or prospective force Of
any hostile power.
Nevertheless, 1t Is natural
that Americas nuclear posi-
ton has raised questions with.
In the alliance. ! believe we
must confront these questions
not BY turning the clock
backward to separate national
deterrents--but be developing
q more closely unified Atlantic
deterrent, with genuine Euro
pean participation.
How this can best be done
is now under discussion with
those who may wish to join
in this effort. The proposal be-
fore us is f. o new Atlantic
force. Such Q force would bring
strength instead Of weakness,
cohesion instead Of division. II
would belong TO al members,
not one, with all participating
on q basis Of full equality. And
as Europe moves tward unity
its role and responsibility, here
as elsewhere, would aud most
increase accordinGly,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
Trade Expansion
Benefits All

We must not return to the
1906 when we exported to each
other our own stagnation. we
must not return to the discred-
tied view that trade favors
some nations at the expense Of
others. Let no one think that
the United States-with only q
fraction Of It's economy de-
pendent on trade and only q
small part Of that with West
ern Europe-is seeking trade
expansion in order to dump
our goods on this continent
Trade expansion viii help III
all.
The experience Of the Com
mon Market-like the expert
ence of the German Zollvereir
shows an increased rise ir
business activity and general
prosperity resulting for ell par.
Elephants In such trade agree.
ments, with no member profit
ing at the expense Of another
As they say on my own Cape
Cod, q rising tide lifts all the
boats. And q partnership. By
definition, serves both part
ners, without domination o.
unfair advantage. Together we
have been partners In adversely
let US also be partners ir
prosperity.
Beyond development anC
trade Is monetary policy. Herr
again our interests run togeth'
err. Indeed there Is no field ir
which the wider interest Of al
more clearly outweighs tn,
narrow interest Of one W.
have lived by that principle, a
bankers to freedom, for a gen
Grafton. Now that our nationI
including West Germany
have found economic strength
it is time for common effort
here, too. The great free ma
tons Of the world must TAX
control Of our monetary prob
lens II those problems are no
to control us.
Third and finally, our part
nership depends on common
political purpose. Against thI
hazards Of division and lassi-
tude, no lesser force viii serve
History tells US that disunity
and relaxation are the great
internal dangers Of an alliance
Thucydides reported that the
Peloponnesians and their allies
were mighty in battle, hut
handicapped by their policy
making body-in which. he re.
lated each presses its own end
which generally results in M
action ut all. They devote
more time to the prosecution
Of their own purposes than X
the consideration Of the gen.
eral good-each supposes thai
no harm will come to his owl
neglect, that It Is the business
of another to do this or that
and 80, as each separately en-,
tertains the same Illusion, thu
common cause imperceptibl,
decays"
Is that also to be the story
OF the grand alliance? Weldet
In Q moment Of imminen'
danger, will 1t disintegrate II
complacency, with each mem.
Der pressing its own ends Il
the neglect Of the common
cause? This must not be tn,
case. Our old dangers are no
gone beyond return, and an.
division among Us would brinl
them back in doubled strength
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25

Of the discussion was no more
than the vaguest note Of APP
proval.
Adenauer q Lame Duck
The Chancellor and the
President, said the announce
ment, considered the unilateral
force "a good instrument for
serving all the members Of the
alliance in combining their de-
tense efforts" and they re-
affirmed their agreement to
use their best efforts to bring
such q force into being"
It may be that nothing more
than this could have been ex-
pected. Mr.. Adenauer is. Of
course, one Of the principal
lame ducks with whom the
President is scheduled to dis
cuSs the future Of the alliance
on his tour.
A more curious element Of
the opening phase of Mr.. Ken
nedy's visit. however. has been
the Presidents own perform
ance. At his press conference,
he struck most observers as uI1-
usually strained and deadly Sc
rious. But some were even
more impressed by what seemed
like his deliberate restraint in
dealing with major problems
under discussion.
There was restraint on the
inevitable question about Ger
man Identification which almost
brought groans to lips Of his
German listeners.
Some Germans Shocked
It may well be high time
to tell the Germans there Is
no prospect Of an immediate
solution" to the major prob
lem that concerns them. There
are many Germans to whom
the spirit of resignation by
Germany's principal ally I'M
doubleday came as a shock.
Perhaps the most positive
feature Of the Presidents per-
Torrance before today's speech
was his defense Of his reasons
for coming to Europe In the
first place.
The reason, as he explained
1t to his press conference, is
that the relationship between
the United States and Europe
is vital.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-25

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-10

be from the moderate wing Of
the party.
. Both Iraq and Syria have had
unpleasant recent experiences
with relatively strict military die
tatorships. Iraq lived for five
years under Gen. Kassem's
strong-arm rule Che was assassi-
mated during the COUP, and
Syria for four years was amalga-
mated under Egyptian rule into
the United Arab Republic. The
Syrian army forced the break with
Egypt In 1861 when many Syrians
complained Syria was becoming q
colony Of Egypt.
Whatever is the relationship be-
tween Iraq and Syria-now being
run by military juntas-they will
have to find some way OF living
with Nasser's Egypt. For despite
his country's widespread poverty.
Nasser is the most important
leader In the Arab world. Egypt
was the first to break away fully
from Western influence; and Mas
serism still holds wide attraction
for many Arab intellectuals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-10
NooHMove

The President indicated this on
Wednesday when he told a ques-
toner that he planned no block
ade Of oil shipments to Cuba be-
cause that would be an act Of
war and he does not believe that
war in the Caribbean is in the
interest of the United States at
this time. He agreed that the
denial Of oil would make a diff
ference" in the survivability of
the Castro regime, but commended
that 1t would take a long time.
Mr.. Rusk also addressed him
self last week to the matter Of
Castro's survival. Noting that
Venezuelan President Betancourt
(and many others who know
Cuba more intimately than / do
have come to the same conclu-
sion"C said recently that the sit
uation in Cuba could not 60 on
the way 1t is" because the Cuban
people won't put up with tyr
amy much longer" the Secre-
tary said:
There is evidence Of great and
growing discomfort on that is
land
He observed that a couple hun
dred thousand Cubans had al
ready fled their homeland and
said that several hundred thou
sand" more had indicated their
desire to leave. (The State De-
partment disclosed later that
more than 10000 Cubans had
asked the United States for visa
waivers since January, 1861
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-10
THE NATIONAL SCENE
The Present Prospect
For Cuban Solution

being used by the Russians to
store arms land even aircraft"
(The general acknowledged
that Cuban refugees continue to
report that Soviet ballistic mis-
siles have been hidden in caves,
but, in carefully weighed words.
testified that 1T is our belief"
that the Russians removed "all
the strategic weapons systems
that were in Cuba at the time the
quarantine was imposed.")
The Army intelligence chiefs
testimony, which further revealed
that the Russians are so secu-
rity-minded about the caching
operation that they do not even
allow high-ranking Cuban mill
tary officers access to the caves,
will very likely. 1t is believed, in
crease congressional concern over
the state Of affairs in Cuba and
our plans to deal with it.
On the matter of Russian troop
Withdrawals, 1t appears plain that
it is up to the Russians. We can
negotiate. We can prod and pres
sure, but we are not now pre-
pared to take any stronger meas
lIres
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-10
Bunche Mission

The United Nations sent Ralph
]. Bunche to the area last week
for a first-hand account Of the
fighting, which has cost Egypt
dearly In men and money. The
United States has recognized the
Sallal regime, but has been en-
barrassed by the outright Egyp-
tian intervention In Yemen's af-
fairs. The U. N. probably win be
called upon TO arrange some sort
OF political settlement calling for
Egyptian withdrawal followed by
q halt in Saudi help to the
royalists.
Since the United States has
heavy oil interests In Saudi Ara
bia. the administration has
warned all concerned that II
would support Saudi Arabia in
case Of attack. This is an obvious
attempt 10 prevent the Yemen
fighting from spreading 10 Saudi
Arabia.
After Fridays coup In Syria,
Secretary Of State Rusk reaf-
firmed the governments support
not only Of Saudi Arabia but also
Of Jordan. Saudi Arabia and Jor-
dan are the two principal foes
Of Nasser remaining In the Md
die East. Since their coups. both
Syria and Iraq have pledg d
friendship for Cairo, leaving only
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-03-10
Inspections Total

Mr.. Foster and Mr.. Fisher said
the United States position Of de-
handing seven or eight on-site
inspections and several unnamed
seismic stations would reduce the
probability Of cheating to o safe
minimum. In other words, o min
irnal amount Of verification
would be enough to deter the
other side from cheating.
Mr.. Foster has said that the
advantages Of q test ban were
these: 1t would slow down the
arms race. making it difficult to
build even more destructive weap-
ons; 1t possibly would lead to
more concrete steps toward dis
armament, and 1t would inhibit
the spread Of nuclear weapons
to non-nuclear countries. since
the entire world would pressure
any fledgling nucelar power to
sign the treaty.
On the other side are the vari-
GUS Congressman and Senators,
led by Senator Dodd Of Connecti-
cut. who have accused the ad-
ministration Of endangering the
security of the country by "con-
sistent and continuing retreat
from the basic principle Of In
spection." He warned-Mr. Fish
er disagreed-that the Unite d
States might fall behind In de-
velopment Of the neutron bomb,
tactical nuclear weapons and
anti-missile missiles If it accepted
a test ban without adequate in
spection.