davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
Star Staff Writer

ST. THOMAS, Virgin Islands,
Feb. %. Navy frogmen have
officially become amphibious
guerrilla warriors.
The frogmen have been Sc
cretly taking part in counter
insurgency operations in South
Wet Nam and elsewhere for
some months. but the Navy has
declined TO talk about 1t until
now.
The guerrilla frogmen 80 or
Seals are underwater dem
clifton team men who don't
stop at the beach. They go we'll
inland and become counter
guerrilla fighters.
They also train the navy
men Of allied countries in one
man amphibious warfare.
The Navy won't say where
or how the Seals train and OPP
crate. but the men here are
learning to speak Spanish and
are studying the full gamut OF
guerrilla war In Army and Air
Force schools.
one can easily assume that
Seal operations could be used
against Cuba some day.
American Navy Seals also
could train Cuban refugees who
could carry out raids,
In organizing the Seals. the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23

Navy actually is reviving a. lost
frogman art and is stepping
into an area also filled by the
Army.
In fact. there are obvious
grounds for another jurisdic-
tional dispute between the
Army and Navy.
The Seals say they are train.
ing for the Job Navy frogmer
did during the Korean War
when they swan ashore In rub
Der suits, turned into land ami
mails and then penetrated as
far as two miles TO bridge,
which needed blowing up.
They operated behind Com
munist lines as far north as
the Yalu River.
In a demonstration here
members OF one OF the two ex-
isting Seal attachments came
ashore in a rubber raft TO pick
up a wounded flyer who pre-
sumably had crashed some
where inland.
The Seals could have emerged
from a submarine lying silent.
ly on the bottom Of the bay OF
they could have dropped In
parachutes from planes flying
miles out TO sea.
Whether they creep out OF
an airlock on a sub or plunge
out OF a plane, they carry @
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
TO in Family Die
In Missouri Fire

MOREHOUSE, Mo, Feb. %
CAP).-A family of ten was
killed in a fire at their home
today.
Dead are Paul Saville, Al,
his wife Shirley. Is, and their
eight children, Paul David, jr.,
10; Glenda Sue, g; Hester, 8;
Everett, Z; Alvin, 5; Michael,
3; Henderson 2; Zelda Mae,
4 months.
Police Chief j. T. Kindred
said the family was trapped in
the one-story frame dwelling.
The bodies were found in two
beds, he said.
by the time the fire de-
partment got to the house, the
place was all in flames" Chief
Kindred said. 81 don't think
those folks ever had a chance. +"
Chief Kindred said, Mr..
Saville was a disabled war
veteran and had been living
on a government disability
pension.
The cause of the fire has not
been determined. Chief Kindred
said the house was heated by
a coal stove.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
SEAL PROJECT IN VIRGIN ISLANDS
Navy Frogmen Train as Guerri||as

tightly packed rubber raft, spe-
cial rifles made to be dunked
In the sea, small weapons In
waterproof containers, radio,
dynamite. etc.
They can swim ashore UNI
derwater or initiate their raft
and paddle silently in.
Normally the Seal would be
met by friendly fighters on
shore who would take him TO
the scene Of operations.
In the Nays demonstration.
a partisan" took the Seals 10
the safe house" where the fly
err had been hidden. The Seals
then led him back TO the raft
and padded out 10 sea.
Once out 10 submarine depth
the flyer would be given a SIM
pie underwater breathing APP
paratus, told TO breath natur-
ally and 20 where the frogmen
pulled him.
They would pull the flyer
down about 40 or so feet and
then push him through a hatch
In the sub. Nothing TO II, say
the Seals.
Seal stands for sea, air and
land. Army and Air Force Of
ficers note that II leaves out
nothing but space This puts
all three services into almost
all Of the phases OF guerrilla
operations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23

The Army already is official
ly charged with the Job OF
making conference.-the pene-
trations from the sea.
1t is standard Army tech
nique 10 drop Special Forces
fighters from high altitude
planes over the ocean. These
men. dressed In the frogman
gear then swim 10 the breach
and become land guerrillas.
The Air Force. with its Air
Commands. also is In the
guerrilla dropping business,
though II these men are COM
pletely triphibious they have
not admitted 1t In public.
The Seals do not confine
themselves 10 the oceans. They
can operate In lakes and inland
waterways. they even practice
land paradrops.
In addition TO Spanish, they
learn a variety OF European
and Asian languages.
They learn TO survive In
jungleS, TO kill silently In hand
TO hand combat and 10 do the
other dirty tricks that are part
Of guerrilla warfare.
They put the Navy squarely
In the booming new business Of
unconventional paramilitary,
special and guerrilla warfare.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
QUAKE
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page A.
hospital was airlifted from
Wheelus Air Base to Benins
Airport. A full complement Of
five United States Air Force
doctors and medical techni-
clans accompanied the field
hospital to the earthquake
struck city.
Libyan government authori-
ties were on the scene within
hours after the first reports
were received, bringing medi-
cal supplies. blankets, clothing
and food. Doctors and nurses
from Tripoli, Benghazi and
other major cities in Libys
rushed to the scene to aid in
treating the injured.
In the midst Of the havoc
and confusion at the mill
tary hospital, young Libyar
mother gave birth to twins
and then turned to offer com.
fort and sympathy t. the in
jured.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
Po|aris Ships
Cost Half as
Much as Subs
BY the Associated Press

BY using converted merchant
ships instead of submarines,
the Navy believes NATO could
build Polaris missile ships al
about half the cost and a year
sooner.
The United States has swung
around to the idea Of surface
ships as a base for the missiles
as an alternative to the ex-
pensive Folaris submarines, in
order to speed creation Of q
NATO force.
President Kennedy's special
representative. Livingston M
Merchant, arrived at NATO's
Paris headquarters yesterday to
plug the plan.
At one time the Navy urged
that cruisers be transformed
into Polaris missile ships and
still has in its files extensive
cost analyses and blueprints.
The studies were made about
three years ago, and naval ex-
pertS said that, with some mod
ifications, they are valid.
According to the experts, the
pilot project for adapting a
hull-such as that of a World
War II Victory ship-for Use
as a Polaris missile platform
would cost about $76 million
But they estimate the cost
would drop as the building
techniques were perfected to
about $50 million.
In contrast, the cost Of put
ting together a Polaris sub is
SlZU mllllOn.
AS to time, the Nays studies
indicate it would take two
years to finish the conversion
of merchant ship to missile
ship-perhaps a year less thar
it takes to build a Polaris sub
The Nays proposal tt
mount Polaris missiles On the
nuclear-powered cruiser Lone
Beach was rejected by the De-
tense Department which pre-
ferred to invest the money ir
the submarines because Of
their greater degree Of lnvul-
nerability.
The Navy does, however
have one surface craft equipped
with Polaris tubes, the OBJ
servation Island, based of
Cape Canaveral, Fla. and useC
for test-firing Polaris missiles
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
Iroq and Egypt Agree
On Arab Solidarity

tries to discuss Arab problems
and coordinate work among
them in various fields with a
unionist, revolutionary and
socialist tendency"
Iraq'S new rulers are members
of the nationalistic Bath So
cialist Party.
Mr.. Shabib indicated that a
VAR delegation soon would Wis
it Baghdad to resume talks
started by Mr.. Nasser and Mr.
Saadi.
I'VE are sure the result of
the talks will be to the interest
Of the Arab nation and the
achievement Of the Arab peo-
pies goals in unity, freedom and
socialism," Mr.. Shabib said.
Included In the Iraqi delega-
ton was a leader of the rebel
lious Kurds of Iraq. Field
Comdr Jalal Talibani. The ges-
ture apparently was to show
that solidarity exists between
the Kurds and the new leaders
Of Iraq. The Kurds had been in
revolt. but talks are now under
way in Iraq TO bring the revolt
to an end.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
U. S. Stops
Red Buses at
Berlin Wall

BERLIN, Feb. % (AP). -
United States authorities today
barred four busloads of Soviet
military personnel from enter
ing West Berlin at Checkpoint
Charlie on the Communist wal
dividing the city.
The Soviets we're on their
way to the Soviet war memorial
in West Berlin for a wreath
laying ceremony in connection
with Red Army day.
A United States spokesman
said the buses were stopped al
the request of British authori-
ties, who had reached an agree
ment with the SovietS that
military personnel going to the
war memorial would use the
Sandkrug Bridge checkpoint in
the British sector.
The British sector checkpoint
provides the shortest and most
direct route to the memorial
near Brandenburg Gate.
The buses were held up by
American military police for
more than an hour while Soviet
and United States officials
negotiated.
1t was first believed that the
buses were stopped in retalia-
ton after United States vehicles
repeatedly had been held up in
entering East Berlin. However,
the United States spokesman
said this was not the case.
After the four buses turned
back today, they drove to the
Sandkrug Bridge checkpoint
and we're allowed to pass
through.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
U. S. Navy Ship Patrols
Near Coast, Cuba Says

HAVANA, Feb. % (AP.-
Cuba accused the United
States today of sending a nava,
vessel into its waters Thurs.
day and violating Cuban SOW
ereignty.
The charge came on the
heels of Prime Minister Eide
Castro's speech last night &C.
cusing the United States Of
making the seas off Cuba un-
safe for navigation and deny
ing that his forces had at
tackled an American shrimp
boat.
A photograph distributed by
the government news agency
carried a caption saying the
American ship accused of vio-
lating Cuban waters was the
USS oxford. The photo showed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23

CAIRO, Feb. % (AP).-Ar
official of Iraq's revolutionary
government said today he anc
President Nasser have reached
a basis for cooperation be-
tween Iraq and the United
Arab Republic. He said this
would inevitably lead to the
unity of the whole Arab ma
ton"
Ali Saleh ell Saadi, deputy
premier and interior minister
led an Iraqi delegation here tC
attend the United Arab Re-
public's fifth anniversary Gel
ebrations.
He said he conferred with
Mr.. Nasser yesterday. His dele
cation left for Algeria today
In connection with the visit
to Algeria and the JAR Iraq
Foreign Minister Talib Husseir
al Shabib told newsmen:
Cairo, Baghdad, Algiers and
San'a capital Of Yemen viii
witness in the next few days
of contacts the prelude to 9
Joint important meeting Of
these four Arab liberated coun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
CUBA

Continued From Page Al
start World War III" said Sem
ator Thurmond, a member of
the Armed Services Committee
In a Richmond speech. Sen
ator Stennis, Democrat of Mis-
Sissippi. urged a hard policy
Ito wipe out all Soviet dom
mated governments in this
hemisphere"
Senator Stennis, chairman OF
a Senate Preparedness Sub
committee, said he hopes the
groups inquiry into the mill
tary situation in Cuba will helr
shape a Firm policy which
will finally rid the Americas
Of this cancerous growth"
He said that even as few al
10 Russian soldiers in Cuba
are too many.
In another development, the
Organization of American
States made public a report
which said that, because of the
gravity Of the Cuban situation
the nations of the hemisphere
should consider invoking the
Rio de Janeiro Mutual Defense
Treaty. 1t calls for concerted
action when the hemisphere
nations are confronted by 6
common danger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23

man grabbed a shopping bag
containing the money from Mrs
Freid as a third thug knocked
her to the ground.
The Freids were taken to Cas-
ualty Hospital, where nine
stitches were taken in a cut on
Mrs. Freid's forehead. The as
sailantS were described as three
Negro men, one about Is years
old, wearing dark green jack
ct.
In another robbery early this
morning, a gas station at 1906
L street NV. was held up and
1921 taken from the night at
tendant. Herman A. Long, 81
The robber threatened Mr.. Long
with a black revolver, took the
money, forced him into the back
room and fled, according to
police
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
u. S. May Withdraw
Its Wet Nam Bombers

men here are regularly exposed
to Communist fire and may
shoot back when fired on.
The United States Air Force
has more than 1000 men In
the country Fighter pilots do
not wait to be shot at. They
are authorized TO make actual
tactical strikes. Strikes are con-
trolled by Wet Namese observ-
erS on the ground or in light
observation planes. All combat
planes carry Wet NameSe
markings.
, According TO various informed
sources here. the Kennedy ad-
Iministration is deeply con-
cerned about political charges
both at home and from the
Communist bloc that the
United States is fighting an
undeclared war in South Wet
Nam.
Increase in SOrties
| Largely becacse Of the IN
flux of American pilots and
planes, total Wet Namese
sorties have increased from $50
a month one year ago TO more
than 1000 a month. Most Wet
Cong night attacks on outposts
and hamletS now are met by
flare dropping planes and
strafing B-26s.
/ Helicopter crews argue that
the Army is better qualified for
close ground support than the
Air Force, and that helicopters
inflict fewer accidental casual
ties because they see their tar
gets better. The Air Force
maintains that helicopters are
much more vulnerable to enc
my fire and cannot fly night
support missions as effectively
as planes.
Diplomats and government
officials argue both ways, but
most Wet Namese officials are
understood TO believe United
States Air Force assistance Is
vital for the time being. The
Saigon government is UNDER
stood to have asked for even
more planes and pilots. while
stepping up its own training.
Under proposed new rules,
the helicopter crews would be
authorized to fire at anything
endangering a helicopter mis-
sion.
This would mean the crews
could open fire Immediately on
enemy troop concentrations or
gun positions without having
to wait to draw fire.
Gen. Earle @. Wheeler,
United States Army Chief Of
Staff, is understood to have
urged a change In rules Of en-
gagement" for helicopter crews
after a recent inspection trip
here. Gen. Emmett ODonnell,
= Pacific Air Force chief. arrives
: here Saturday. '.'
United States Air Force ac-
tivity in South Wet Nam has
been kept under secrecy wraps.
, Little information is released.
! No combat decorations other
than Purple Hearts have been
; awarded Air Force men. Five
United States Air Force officers
have been killed in B-26 COM
bat crashes.
I inter service f1valries arid
claims enter the picture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
Burma Banks
Nationa|ized,
Sealed Off

RANGOON. Feb. % CAPp.-
Burmas military government
announced today that all pri-
vate and commercial banks
have been nationalized. Troops
sealed off entrances to private
banks all over Rangoon minutes
after the announcement was
made by radio.
Among banks nationalized
are Lloyds, National and Grind
lays, Mercantile, Netherlands
Hong Kong and Shanghai
Chartered, Mercantile, State
Bank Of India and Punjab Ma
tional Bank. In all "a banks
were nationalized, IA foreign
10 Burmese owned.
Troops we're under orders not
to let any staff workers out OF
the nationalized banks until
checking of accounts had been
completed. 1t is understood the
stats will not be affected by
the takeover and will retain
their present positions.
The overnmen moved
swiftly after an announcement
earlier in the week of a take
over Of all import and expor
business, all rice trade anC
some private industries.
Spokesman said a high-leve
committee has been formed Il
supervise the naturalization
and operation" of the private
banks now taken over.
Though the government hai
not announced any reason 70,
this sudden step, informed
sources said 1t was to proven
private businessmen from
wrecking the economy. Afte
the governments announce
ment of a takeover of imports
exports and the rice trade
businessmen in groups starte,
to withdraw funds from banks
These sources say this was
planned move proposed by
group of influential business
men, who felt such a NOV
would cause a run on currenc,
holdings of public money witt
the end result of bringing
about panic and chaos, thereb
discrediting the military gov
ernment's economic policies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
Quotas Urged
In PRODUCING
Teachers

Production quotas for teach
er training institutions to sup
ply specified numbers of quail
flied teachers each year under
State contracts have been pro-
posed by DR.. Robert E. Mason,
professor of education at the
University Of Pittsburgh.
Colleges not meeting their
quotas would lose State recog-
milton as teacher training CEN
tiers, according to his plan
described in the current issue
of the Teachers College Rec
ord, journal of Teachers Col
Ilege, Columbia University.
A quota system would be one
way to meet the primary OBJ
! legation" of teacher training
institutions to produce person.
mel for the teaching posts in
elementary and dairy
schools, he maintains.
Any responsible discussion of
raising standards in teacher
education must consider the
immediate problem of teacher
supply, he notes.
"OfficialS in the school will
willy-nilly. hire good teachers
| If they can, poor teachers II
they cannot" he says. THE one
thing they cannot do Is close
school because of an made
quate supply"
To insure enough teachers
| in the face of rising academic
standards and rising college
costs, DR.. Mason also proposes
that State or municipal au-
thorities set up their own CEN
tiers when colleges fail in their
quotas.
Although committed to pro-
ducing a certain number of
qualified teachers for the State,
institutions should be COM
pletetly free from State direc-
ton in setting up academic
standards, according to the
Meson plan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
Three Thugs Beot
Druggist, Wife
And Take $500

A druggist and his wife were
beaten and robbed Of $500 by
three men last night, police
said.
According to police, Henry
Freid, 81. and his wife, Anna,
So, were closing their store, the
Montello Avenue Pharmacy, at
1909 Montello avenue NE, at
about 10 pm. when the attack
occurred.
AS Mr.. Freid was locking the
door, he was knocked to the
sidewalk by one man. A second
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
Bow-Arrow HoIdup

CAMDEN, N. j., Feb. 3D.
Fred Lee Johnson, IT, held up
a bingo game with a bow and
arrow last night, and, police
said, made one big mistake
The first person he pointed the
thing at was off-duty patrol
man Clyde Waters, who dis
armed him and turned him
over to city detectives. He was
held for questioning.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
TESTS
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page Al
opposed to this which is being
directed by Mr.. Foster in &C.
neva." But he said it was
worthwhile to continue seeking
an accord because the alter
native to test ban would be
a spread of nuclear weapons to
governments who might start
general atomic war.
And last night, Secretary OF
State Rusk told a conference on
international affairs in Cincin-
natl that the United States
continues to press for a test
ban treaty because I'VE believe
the leaders of the Soviet Union
if not of Communist China
recognize a common interest
with the rest Of us in avoiding
a nuclear holocaust"
The disarmament agency's
statement blamed the Soviet
Union FOR the negotiations
deadlock but said Mr.. Foster
would return to Geneva none
theless "in an effort to further
advance toward the conclusion
Of an effective agreement"
The statement voiced dis
couragement at the Russian
take-it-or- leave-it offer of no
more than three on-site inspec-
tons a year.
U. s. Expresses Regret
Branding the Soviet figure
as unacceptable. the United
States expressed regret" at
the unwillingness of the Soviet
Union to discuss" a wider range
of questions. 1t called on the
Kremlin to match the United
States in being willing to strive
to overcome the present diff
culties that stand in the way
of agreement"
The statement revealed that
Mr.. Foster. who returned from
Geneva Thursday for Washing
ton consultations. had told
Soviet negotiators Of the United
States willingness to lower its
on-site inspection figure under
certain conditions.
1t said: Foster. on instruc-
tons, indicated to the Soviet
Union representative that If
there was a clear understand
ing on the set of principles
governing on-site Inspector
procedures which would insure
that each on-site inspection
was meaningful. the United
States was willing TO consider
possible acceptance Of seven
on-site inspections"
Mr.. Fosters stay in Geneva
is expected to be limited. Aides
said he might return from
Geneva after a very short
period. then go back as de-
velopments warrant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-23
LOST

BELT, black, bronze selective service
medal OF W. W. II welded on buckle;
lost mr.; Union Station; reward. Call
332-0S45.
BRACELET-sterling charm bracelet,
with name Sally: reward. IA.
BRIEF CASE, small, brown. initials
F. s., containing personal and bust
ness papers: black 1858 memo book
valuable only TO owner: Feb. 10, vic,
Statler or Madison Hotels or taxicab;
reward. Call MARTIN L. SCHNEIDER,
IA. 5-6465 or IA. 7-264S.
CATS (2J, male, gray. tigers; one 3
yrs. old, one : mos. old: vic. Man
chester I'd. 5S7-4764.
D SSa,u cocker sn 'PnaiR male blk co Stn
vile. Nd; reward. Ev. 4-6492.
DOG, black, male, Z mos, old; VIC
South Dakota ave, and Riggs I'd. ne;
wearing red collar. LA. 6-O365.
DOG, female, Manchester -dachshund
mixed: ans. Minnie; vic. Mount
Vernon. area; reward. 76S-7237 or
NE. 6-ll7l.
DOG, German shepherd, biz, SILVER
cream female: 10 mos: old brn.
morn; reward. Call 277-2332
DOGS (3), coon hounds: / lk.-tan,
ing so to 80 lbs: mark In center OF
left ear, cut with AS cartridge; vic.
8. Lawn lane. Rockville. Anyone
Pss ca. MR. s.re cEEMo SSs' R Rsxa
GA. 4-s073.
DOGS, great Pyrennes, lge,, female.
all white: answers to Baby: also
brown mixed breed. very large, male;
tag says Cookie; reward EN-
p Ssi,d small m,.d i'T ~iIs ss Hsy , Siss
ears and muzzle: vic, Arl Forest.
Please call ia 5-8l47,
DOG, springer spaniel iyer-white. not
Rte a56' va. Cali 55S.Oss3.
DOG, German shepherd Ice, gray
and black. male, Brookhlll Est. area,
Annandale, bad scar on left hind
paw ans, to Marty rev, Call
DOG. miniature. schnauzer, silver;
vicinity OF Naval Ordnance Lab. re-
ward. HE, 4-43Ob.
DOG, mixed breed, tan and black,
female, no collar, looks like Ger
man shepherd, about \ inches hieh,
mr.. Wash, and Lee High School, Arl
Reward. 62i-3bis
PARAKEET, wheaton area, blue and
yellow; name "Petey." Di0.fli0,
Great Fails Vicinity: reward. ''g Fl.
H-272g.
REWARD for Information leading 70
recovery OF two pole lamps taken
by mistake from Hsacres Holy Re-
treat Church property az $3.50 Allen
town I'd, Sc Call Du, T-i04s, il20
18TH st. NV
WATCH. ladys, white gold Elgin, on
Friday nlght IN Va, theatef or Hot
shoppes, Alex or vic, thereof. reward
so, S.Ot13.