davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

NOAA( AZ 49, N1kNSoeAAS ~
history and the causes and
effects of war.
Prof. Stromberg SCOTS at
the theory that the United
States Tor Britain or France)
should have stepped in to
stop Japan from taking
Manchuria, Italy against
Ethiopia and any
against Czechoslovakia. He
calls it an "absurdity" to
expect a nation to wage "a
big war to stop a small one"
1t would have meant a big
war, he believes, to halt the
relatively small Skirmishes
Of the 1930s which preceded
World War II, and the large
democracies were less pre-
pared then than in 1882
194l.
China
The author also questions
whether meeting one agrees
sor will discourage other
aggressors. The United States
move against Japan to pro-
tect China would have en-
couraged Hitler to attack
his European neighbors, the
professor believes, because
the United States would have
appeared to be so heavily
engaged in the Far East it
would have to forego fight
ing in Europe.
Other Stromberg points:
The United States decided
that saving China from
Japan was worth a major
war in 194l. but not worth
it in 1945-194S, when ever
economic aid was withheld
during the Communist take
over.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

The sinews of wisdom are
slowness Of belief and dis
trust. :. The entry Of doubts
are [sicl as so many suckers
or sponges to draw use OF
knowledge. :" It was his
passionate desire to found
an institution Of learning on
this principle; that he was
unable to do so Is because he
was far in advance Of his
time, the dogmas of church
and state were too strong,
but he succeeded postum
mously.
Bacon's public life was
warfare with Lord Coke, who
was in the end victorious.
Occasionally in Mrs. Bowen's
book we see the remote and
titanic figures dissolve into
human beings, as when the
two squabble in the street:
"Mr. Bacon!" said Coke. "If
you have any tooth against
me, pluck it out, for 1t will
do you more hurt than all
the teeth in your head will
do you good" mfr. Attor-
ney!" retorted Bacon. IT re-
spect you. I fear you not,
and the less you speak Of
your greatness, the more I
will think of It," II think
scorn" Coke went on, ito
stand upon terms of great
ness toward you, who are
less than little, less than the
least" Mr.. Attorney" said
Bacon. do not depress me so
far. For I have been your
better and may be so again,
when it please the Queen"
Indeed, as Mrs. Bowen
surmises, 1.-THE spectators
must have been enthralled."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Cause and Effects
Of War in History

COLLECTIVE SECURITY AND AMERICAN FOREIGN
POLICY. BY Rowland N. stromberg. Praeger; So
The author, member of the department Of history at
the University of Maryland devils advocate at heart
Collective security he finds highly overrated concept
based false notion that nations band together to
defend themselves against aggressors The flaw in this
is that aggressors extremely difficult to identify IN
his opinion While this the basic of the book It's
main value is in exposing questionable theories about world
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Characters VividIy Alive
In Novel of Modern India

Indian, Kay, the granddaugh-
ter Of the Raus; she has re-
turned to India after being
educated in Britain. Then an
American couple arrives at
the villa: A professor Of
sociology and his charming
and intellectual wife.
The professor could pass
for an ugly American" as
most people interpret this
ugly phrase, for he is stub
bornly impervious to midas
exoticism and mystery: His
wife land this is all I am
going to say about the plot)
falls in love with young DR..
Muskett.
Other important characters
include Shaker, Kay's Indian
tutor: Shakers father, Mr..
Singh. a Communist; and
Shakers fiancee. Juliet. also
Indian. Most charming mem
Der OF the cast is Jugger, the
baby son Of the Raus' Indian
house servants, who adopts
the professor and his wife and
fits through the pages like
an elfin sprite. 80
Obviously the fictional pos
sibilities Of such an aSsort-
ment OF people in such a
setting are almost infinite.
The author is wise to have
followed his story line closely.
Although his pace struck me
as too leisurely and his de-
scriptions overlong, his style
is soothingly even and UNI
obtrusive. He is most success
full in his handling OF the
final tragic climax, which
brings the story and its people
into strong. II belated, focus.
The reactions of his entire
cast to the terrible closing in
cident have a sensitive right
ness in this unusual first
novel which is. essentially. a
multiple character study and
a powerful love story set
against the colorful backdrop
Of India.
ANNE COOKE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

Of which is quite out Of keep
ing. but simply "Combray,"
another place-name.
Moncrieff's disservices TO
Proust could be cited indef-
initely. for they disfigure
every page; one remarkable
example proves that the
translator was contemptuous
OF the master. To M. Verdu-
rims offer Of an introduction
TO a pianist. Swami replies
"Mais ce sera un bonheur
:" Moncrieff translates
at should count myself
most fortunate > Swami
was beginning, a trifle pomp-
ously :" There is no word
or phrase in the French
corresponding 10 "a trifle
pompously." and since the
point Of the passage that
follows is that the stupid
and ridiculous DR.. Cottard
thinks the phrase Is pompous
Moncrieff shows how readily
he will falsify the original
TO flatter his own taste.
! am not an authority on
copyright. but ! suppose A
Ia recherche du temps perdu
will soon be In the public
domain. What literary gift
TO the English-speaking pub
lie could be as welcome as a
new, responsible version Of
Proust's masterpiece
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
The Evolution
Of Communism
In Chino
CHINA ON THE EVE OF
COMMUNIST TAKEOVER,

CHINA ON THE EVE OF
COMMUNIST TAKEOVER.
BY A. Doak Barnett.
OPraeger; $6.95)
Mr.. Barnett is one of this
country's leading experts on
Red China - or mainland
China" in Sinologist jargon.
His earlier book, "Commu-
mist China and Asia" is prob
ably the best all-around dis
cussion of Red China'S role
in the international arena.
Mr.. Barnett's latest book Is
another work Of high quality,
although far different from
the scholarly efforts Of his
other publications. China on
the Eve" is a compilation Of
reports that Mr.. Barnett
wrote from China in the
years 1947-l949 about condi-
tons in various parts Of the
country.
Originally written for a
foundation which was helping
finance his studies In China,
the reports have been up to
now limited In circulation by
the exigencies of the mimeo-
graph machine. Now. they are
available to all. They are
to this reviewers knowledge
- unsurpassed In providing
first-hand material on the
fall of the Chang Kai-shek
regime. They demonstrate
that a good reporter with a
sound background is still in
valuable for the historian.
BERNARD GWERTZMAN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

1ects Pope Kiril I, an Ukran-
ian Just released from II
years of torture and impris-
onment whose first interro-
gator was Kamenev, now
Russia's premiere. So, for the
rest of us, the great confron-
tation Of two Russians, one
who conceives of man as the
Child Of God, the other who
sees him as the slave of the
state.
Religion Scientific Conflict
This is a sensational idea,
extravagantly tempting Of a
common language dialogue
between Christendom and
communism. Mr.. West lets
it roll around the liberal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Novelist Traces Life Story
Of a FictionaIized Pope

loving. forgiving, puzzled.
power-shy heart Of Kiril I.
And, beyond the Vatican
gates, into la dolce vita
Rome, and the realm Of world
politics, extinction division.
AS If this we're not too
much, as 1t sometimes seems
despite the intelligence Of
the novelist, Mr.. West injects
a further dramatic element
into his narrative. This is a
fascinating paraphrase Of
the religion science conflict,
conferred in a Jesuit Paleon-
tologist, Telemond, Kiril rs
one great friend, and a
mirror-accurate reflection of
Frances famed Father Tell
hard de Chardin.
Maintaining control Of this
opulence Of material and its
cavalcade of towering charac-
tiers Is an appalling task for
a novelist to set for himself
Mr.. West doesn't always
achieve 1t. 1t is the re-
deeming grace OF his pro-
fessionalism as a journalist
that he prefers the feel of
life to adherence to formula,
however.
THE Shoes Of the Fisher
man" is great reading If not
a great novel, inoffensive to
Catholics, piquant to other
Christians and Jews, and
even concerned with just
recognition of the residual
humanism in Communist
doctrine.
Mr.. West has written quite
a book If one that is not
quite a novel in the academic
sense. JAY CARMODY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
De SADIE, a Literary Enigma

placable hatred of his moth
er" as a possible key.
To return to the puzzle of
Sade as an author, many of
his manuscripts were lost or
destroyed, but many were
published, as, for example,
the novels Justine" and
"Juliette" and "Aline and
Valcour";; the play "Oxtiern,"
which was produced in Paris
and In which Sade played the
leading role; the atheistic
Dialogue Between a Priest
and a Dying Man; LES 100
Journees du Sodome";; and
numberless political and
philosophical pamphlets.
OF course l began to read
with bright-eyed interest
when I got to Mr.. Gorer's
translations from Sade's writ
ing. Here and there I was
impressed by the mans range
and clarity, but, overall, I
found that although the Mar
quis de SADIE, libertine, lived
spectacularly, the Marquis de
SADIE. author, was almost uni
formly dull and frequently
outright Supplying.
Some Samples
Consider these two non.
Topographic samples from
the wildly Topographic move,
"Juliette": "All our ideas owe
their origin to physical and
material causes which lead
us on in spite Of ourselves
because these causes belong
to our organization and the
exterior objects which influ-
ence u.s." and Conscience in
a man speaks UP against him
when through taking false
steps In order to attain hap
piness he has followed a path
contrary to that which should
have naturally led him to It,"
More and more / became
obsessed with what struck me
as a startling similarity be-
tween much of Sade's writing
and a passage In an immortal
book written long after his
death. I am referring to
Alice in Wonderland" and to
the deathless advice given to
Alice by the Duchess: Never
imagine yourself not to be
otherwise than what 1t might
appear to others that what
you were or might have been
was not otherwise than what
you had been"
CHARLES COOKE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

Korea -.--
Again in 1850, the United.
States thought South Korea
was worth a major war to
save it from communism,
but in l945-l948 the much
more important mainland Of
China was not rated to be
worth it.
For Prof. Stromberg, old
fashioned negotiation re-
mains the preferred method
for solving world problems,
not grandiose schemes for
collective security which he
finds produce too much con-
fusion. too little peace. and
too much drag on the initia-
tive of the big powers.
EARL H. VOSS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
PAPERBAcKS

CONSTITUTIONAL DICTA-
TORSHIP: Crisis Govern
ment in the Modern De-
mOcracieS. BY Clinton Ros-
sitter. "A Harbinger Book.
Harcourt, Brace & World;
$685. In this book deal
ing with constitutional
dictatorship. the author
analyses the experience
with crisis government of
one ancient and four mod
ern blicS Rome.
France, Great Britain, the
Germany of l9l9-l933. and
the United States-"to il
lustrate a dangerous but
unacceptable truth: NO
form Of government can
survive that excludes die
tatorship when the life Of
the nation is at stake. ;"
FRANZ KAFKA. A biography.
BY Max Brod. (Schocken
Books: $l.95.) This biog-
raphy Of Kafka, by one OF
his boyhood friends. was
originally published in 1895.
ISLAM. Edited by John Alden
Williams. "A Washington
Square Press Book: so
cents) This volume pre-
sents the traditions and
essential beliefs OF Islam.
Much OF the material is
translated here for the
first time.
THEY ALL DISCOVERED
AMERICA. BY Charles
Boland. "a Permabook:
rs cents) A fascinating
account Of the explorers
who came 10 the Americas
centuries before Columbus.
II contains al illustrations.
THE GROWTH OF PLANTS.
BY Z. Fogg. "A Pelican
Original; $685. An ac-
count Of present-day plant
physiology for the reader
with little or no back
ground knowledge beyond
a Smattering OF chemistry
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
THE SHOES OF THE FISH.

The SHOES OF The FISH
ERMAN. BY Morris L.
West. Morrow Publishing
Co.; $4.95)
Dramatic timing is q minor
merit in a novel save in the
exceptional case. say that Of
Morris l.. Vests THE Shoes
Of the Fisherman"
1.-THE Pope was dead" Mr..
West wrote as his first SEN
tence in the book published
as Pope John XIII lay in
state in the Vatican. With
those four words, Mr.. West
launched into a work of ex-
traordinary reliability, a
visible unconcern for novel
structure, and an impressive
expertise on the ancient in
stitutional heart Of Roman
Catholicism.
Two Russians
Mr.. West, working with the
finely honed tools Of a Jour-
nalist, learned the mystique
of reader command In two
previous novels, 1.-THE Devils
Advocate" and Daughter Of
Silence" He exercises 1t here,
excitingly and imaginatively
If less artistically than be-
fore, almost as If selling an
occasion that began with the
election of Pope John. Mr..
West was present at that
Vatican drama in 1858, as
correspondent for the London
Daily Mail. q newsman in
formed by IL years Of postu-
lancy under the Christian
Brothers.
Out Of powerful insights
that might well have begun
at that time, Mr.. West pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23


posterity but as a little pic
ture of night-work, remain
ing amongst the fair and
excellent tables Of their acts
and works." Bacon himself
isoamong the number of these
men. for as Catherine Drinker
Bowen remarks in her excel
lent biography of the philoS-
opher, scientist and lawyer,
for 10 persons today who
know Of Bacon's Essays and
Advancement OF Learning,
not two remember his i'm
parchment and disgrace"
Bacon's England expert
enced a Towering perhaps
otherwise unexampled in
the history Of the world.
Advances like that Of our
own time In science were
spectacular in many fields
government, law, medicine,
exploration, literature, and
music. Even had there been
no Shakespeare, Elizabethan
and Tudor letters would
still be q treasure Of the
language; for the only time
in history English music was
supreme among that Of all
nations; cosmopolitanism
was winning q small battle
in It's fight against inSular-
ity, with more Englishmen
travelling abroad than in any
other time before the First
World War.
Bacon's greatness, as Mrs.
Bowen sees it, lay not so
much In his achievement as
in the questions he asked
for others to answer, in his
knack, with his extreme
facility Of expression" to
incite others. Cast away
certainty" he cried. Cher
ish the quality Of doubt!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
Other Books of the Week in Brief Review

schools IN Political
Science, a text book which
explores the politics of
judicial review In America
since 1887. Among the cases
included is that Of Willie
Francis, adapted from
Death and the Supreme
Court" by Barrett Pretty
man. jr.
THE DAY OF THE DOG. BY
Michael Frayn. doubleday
81 Co.; $3.50 A collec-
ton Of amusing, II self
conscious, essays by a
humor columnist for the
London Observer. He is at
his best when he is poking
fun at the British bureauc-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23

penned a ceaseless flow Of
political tracts, philosophical
essays, multi-volume novels
and some % plays. Some of
these works are so porno-
grahpic as to seem unques-
tionably demented; others
are free Of faint.
This remarkable man was
nobly born, being descended,
on his mothers side, from
Bourbons. At IA, when the
Seven Years War with Ger
many broke out, he was sent
to his regiment. becoming a
captain Of the Burgundy
Horse at 10. Mr.. Gorer re-
vealingly informs us that
"Sade's earliest surviving let
tiers contain promises to abb
stain from debauchery and
gambling in the future " In
1851. aged 81, SADIE left the
military, and two years later
200 years ago, almost to the
day-he married.
Arrested for "Debauchery"
Five months after his mar
riage he was arrested for
'scandalous debauchery" and
imprisoned for only two
weeks. This was the first of
three public exposures of his
behavior, no details of which
can, or should, be set down
in a family newspaper. The
second episode, far more seri-
Gus than the first, was. the
so-called Rose Keller affair"
in 1853, from which he was
able to extricate himself only
through liberal disbursements
from his great wealth. The
third, in l772, "the affair of
the poisoned sweets" brought
the wrath of France down on
him. After that he was a
hunted man, and of the AZ
years of life remaining to
him, he spent all but IA in
close confinement, writing
furiously. He died in the in
sane asylum at Charenton.
I won't go into the myriad
psychological theories that
have been put forward to
explain" Sade's abnormal
sexual behavior, except, to
mention that Mr.. Gorer
thinks 1t may have been IAN
expression Of revolt against
all authority and that ST.
none de Beauvior, in her
famous essay. Must We Burn
Sade?" mentions his "im-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
TO BE REVIEWED

The following books will be re-
viewed on the editorial pose Of The
Stor this week:
MoNDAY-"Lovolr by Hubert
Cole. (Putnom's.l
WEDNESDAY "A Man Must
Choose" by Eric Chou. (knOpf.)
FRIDAY = "A History Of Cor
NELL" by Morris Bishop. tcOrneII.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
How Russia
Stole the
Atom Bomb
THE GREATEST PLOT II

THE GREATEST PLOT IN
HISTORY: How the Reds
Stole the A-BOmb. BY
Ralph de Toledano. Duell,
Sloan g. Pearce; $4.95)
Superlatives often are out
of place but one would not
want to quarrel with Ralph
de Toledano's description Of
the theft Of the A-bomb as
the greatest plot In history.
The awful implications Of the
A-bomb itself and how 1t
changed the course of his
tory are enough for this. But
it is not generally known to
what great lengths the Rus
slams went to obtain the
secret and how the Soviet
spy net reached out in in
credible ways to snare those
who could contribute tidbits
of knowledge Of the bomb
and how 1t was made.
The author has done full
justice to q matter of sur
passing interest. In one book
he has pulled together the
many threads Of the Soviet
espionage apparatus and
gives q composite picture of
how the Free Worlds great
est secret was obtained.
In the pages of 1.-THE
Greatest Plot in History" the
characters in q frightening
drama come to life again far
more wildly than they were
in the headlines q decade or
so ago. One encounters the
plotters, the dupes, the fellow
travellers and those for what
ever misguided reasons con-
tributed to the Communist
cause In this endeavor.
There Is an awful lesson
In the stark facts Of the
theft of the atomic weapon.
AS the author makes clear,
the security involving the
hush = hush work on the
atomic bomb was unbeliev-
ably insecure. The Federal
Bureau Of Investigation, for
example, was not called in
until the theft had been &C.
complished. The theft itself
was not enough for the Rus
slams; in other ways, the
author points out, they
sought to influence American
policy so that work on the
thermometer weapon would
not be carried out.
Mr.. de Toledano's book
may not make for pleasant
reading. But 1t is q gripping
recital and the reader, once
picking up the book, will be
reluctant to put 1t aside al
successfully the author traces
the stealthy work of Klaus
Fuchs, the Rosenbergs, Henry
Gold and many others In
volved In the plot.
CECIL HOLLAND.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
GENERAL

SAINTE-B I'VE: Selected
Essays. Translated and ed
tied by Francis Steegmuller
and Norbert Guterman.
Doubleday; $3.50 A Sc
lection Of essays including
What Is a Classic?" and
pieces on Moliere, Racine,
Voltaire, Baudelaire and
others.
THE BATTLE PIECES OF
HERMAN MELVILLE. Ed
tied and with an introduc-
ton and notes by Hennig
Cohen. "a. s. Barnes a.
Co.: $7.50J Poems and
miscellaneous notes on the
Civil War by the author Of.
"Moby Dick"
GREENWICH VILLAGE.
Text and photographs by
Fred w. McDarrah. (Cor-
NTH Books; $l.45) A sim
pie. attractively printe d
guide book 70 Greenwich
Village with good pictures.
an excellent map and just
enough background 10 read
on the walk.
THE VARIETIES OF RELI-
GIOUS EXPERIENCE. BY
william James. Enlarged
edition with appendices and
introduction by Joseph
Ratrer. university Books.
Inc; 500 This is a new
and handsome edition (the
print Is large and excel
lent OF a modern classic
In studies OF human ma
ture. The new editor has
attached 10 the original
text some additional writ
ings by James on the psy-
chology OF religion.
THE THIRD BRANCH OF
GOVERNMENT: Eight
Cases In Constitutional
Politics. Edited by c. Her
mann Pritchett and Alan
F. Westin. (Harcourt. Brace
a. World This Is an adj
dition 70 the Harbrace
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
THE LIFE AND IDEAS OF
THE MARQI1IS DE SADIE.


THE MARQUIS DE SADIE.
BY Godfrey Gorer. CW. w.
Norton g. Co.; So
The Marquis Donation Al
phonse Francois de SADIE,
1740-1Sl4, did not, Of course,
invent sadism. But the word.
derived from his activities,
has stuck like a burr for over
two centuries. Actually. the
Marquis is less interesting as
history's most celebrated
practitioner of 1.-The lust-pain
syndrome," and associated
sexual alterations, than as a
fascinating literary-psycho-
logical. or psycho-li literary.
puzzle.
This book, by London born,
Cambridge educated Godfrey
Gorer, was written originally
In 1888, revised in 1852 when
new biographical materials
became available, and revised
again in 1862. 1t only partially
solves the long-standing
literary puzzle of the Marquis,
which, briefly, is this:
A Place In History
Does the notorious Mar
quis-who spent % of his rs
years in prisons and insane
asylums and Is bluntly de-
scribed in the latest Web
ster's as French soldier and
vert"-deserve a place in
history as an important
Driter? Mr.. Gorer thinks he
does, and so does Simone de
Beauvoir, and so did Swim
burne, Flaubert, Saint Beuve
and Baudelaire. In fact, his
more frenetic supporters rank
him second only to Shake
speare in universally, and
even Mr.. Gorer, generally
temperate In his judgments,
calls him q. q thinker so
widely read, so eclectic. and
so original (that) 1t is diff
cult to speak Of pred
ecessors."
Sade's aura of ill-fame
long hindered objective eval-
uation Of either his deeds or
his words - his unprintable
deeds or his incredible tor
rents Of words. 1t is still news
to some people that Sade ever
wrote anything at all; to
others, that he ever wrote
anything but revolving OBJ
scenity. Yet In his various
prison and asylum cells he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
THE GREATER DARKNESS.

BY David Rubin. (Farrar,
Straus & Cudahy; $4.95.)
More important than the
plot of this novel laid in
India is the skillful portrait
ture of its strangely assorted
characters. Mr.. and Mrs.
Krishna Rau-he is Indian
and she English-are owners
of a large villa in the town of
Gauhar. Two paying guests.
both English, also live in the
villa: One. DR.. Muskett, prac-
tees medicine in the town;
the other, Peter tanners. is
a convert to Hinduism.
This group is augmented by
the arrival Of an Anglo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-06-23
WIT AND WISDOM
FROM BRITAIN

FLY AND THE FLY BOT.
TIE: Encounters With
British Intellectuals. BY
We'd Mehta. atlantic
Monthly Press: s4.95J
A collection OF articles
originally published in The
New Yorker in 1861 and
1862 The author is an In
dia-born, England-educated
writer on the staff OF that
magazine. The British INTEL
lectuals encountered include
Bertrand Russell (of course),
Ernest Gellner, Richard Hare,
Iris Murdoch. @. j. warnock,
and others. &C. G.