davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder., 1963-09-26
Block Sunday
In BirVninohon1, AIo,

(The Courier Journal, LOuisviIle) }
There are few people in the
whole country, however, who can
entirely escape some degree of
blame for this crying disgrace. For
every out-and-out segregationist,
there are hundreds of others who
have kept silent as the storm arose,
who went to their own churches in
comfort and security last Sunday,
but who have given little Christian
service to cause that they know
in their hearts would have been
embraced by the founder of their
faith with all the ardor of His ma
ture.
1T will be difficult for Negroes
in Birmingham and elsewhere to
keep in mind the lesson of the text,
"the love that forgives." Life was
once accepted by Negroes in Amer
lea as a dark vale Of tears, a SEN
tence of servitude, lighted only by
the hope of salvation in a better
life to come.
The Negro of today cannot ac-
cept so fatalistic a view of his
earthly existence. He has come to
expect some of the good things of
life that his white fellow-citizens
take as their natural due. He
has certainly come TO expect
that his children can go to school
and to church without danger Of
death from some blind bigot hid
ing in the shadows"
The Evening Bulletin, Philadelphia
'Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.,
told Alabama Gov. Wallace after
the bombing that your trrespon-
sible and misguided actions have
created in Birmingham and the
State OF Alabama the atmosphere
that has induced continued Vaol-
ence and now murder" Few would
argue the point. In his persistent
nouting Of the law, the governor
has indeed establashed q climate Of
St. Paul recorder., 1963-09-26
Letters To The Editor

erhood that mamfests itself in sucf
an act.-Rev. A. Craig Ause, Rev
Ray Boehlke, Rev. Edward w
Foote, Rev. Paul Goodwin, Rev
c. Philip Hinerman, Rev. John T
Hughes, Rev. Louis w. Johnson
Rev. Robert L. Johnston, Rev. Ed,
ward Kruger, Rev. Blaine Lam,
bert, Rev. Robert Lesch, Rev. Dan.
iel Martin, Rev. Gervos Meinzer
Rev. David Moffatt, Rev. Alvir
R. Nygaard, Rev. Luther J. Olson
Rev. Charles T. Parker, Sr., Rev
Warren Sorteberg, and Rev. PhiliI
r. Whitaker, Minneapolis, Sept
IT, 1868.
St. Paul recorder., 1963-09-26
Protestant Ministers Express
Shock and Horror
At Birmingham BombinS


Editor: Min let e n Protestant
ministers assembled for other pur-
poses on Tuesday morning, Sep
tember IT, 1868, were deeply
shocked by the horror of the out
rageous bombing Of a church on a
Sunday morning when it was filled
with children and adults, and felt
compelled to make a statement
with reference 10 the racial con-
hiot that EXISTS within our nation.
These ministers all serve churches
in an area where there Is de facto
segregation, particularly in hous-
ing, in the City of Minneapolis.
These ministers were united in
their desire 10 express their an
guish as we'll as their common
guilt and their sense of failure as
citizens and religious leaders, that
such an act could and did take
place. Racial discrimination and
the inevitable conflict that results
is not a southern problem, for it
exists across the land.
With sympathy for the injured,
compassion for the bereaved who
lost a loved one, these ministers
rededicated themselves to the
cause of justice and human dignity
for all men, regardless of race or
creed. They also invite all Amer
leans in every section of our land
to join them in the vow to 50 live
and work to the best of their abili-
ty in a manner that would eventu-
ally and inevitably bring to an end
the intolerance and lack of broth
St. Paul recorder., 1963-09-26
What Was Channel
II Reporter Trying


Editor: T'V Channel lis Sunday
night (Sept. 22) Composite II"
portion on the racial situation at
st. Paul Central Hi was supposed
to prove something, but what! !?
The program was i'll planned
interviews shoddy and the ques-
tions in very poor taste. The age
old Negro boys going with white
girls" pitch and how much of this
was going on seemed to be the
only query the commentator was
was interested in. Looks like the
Composite reporter was unwilling
ly trying to inflame people. -
o. N, Minneapolis.
St. Paul recorder., 1963-09-26

8awlessness. He has a duty now to
lead his state upward into law en-
forcement and obedience of the
law"
The journal, Milwaukee
Words fail amply 10 express
the sense of horror, disgust and
despair that every decent Amer
ican must feel at the new terror in
Birmingham, the Sunday morning
bombing Of a Negro church and
the massacre of little children, In
the name, God save us, of white
supremacy"
The American, Chicago
There is no proof that the
bomber was influenced by any
thing Gov Wallace said or did, but
nothing the governor said or did
was likely to encourage obedience
to law. And certainly as highly
placed people as governors Of
states are likely to be initiated In
any attitude they take toward
law-obedience of 1t or defiance of
It.
I'VE can't believe Gov. Wallace
actually thought he could oppose
federal law and get away with 1t,
not with the federal governments
action at the University Of Miss
issippi so fresh in memory. But he
put himself on record as being q
flaming segregationfst and thus
insured himself of whatever pOGiti-
cal benefits might ensue In Ala
bama from such a position. Now
let us hope Alabama may not have
to pay in hate and bloodshed for
any votes that the governor may
sometime get"
The POst-Dispatch, st. Louis
"One thing they can say is that
Gov. George Wallace Of Alabama
ought to be dumping his mail from
his admiring states rights follow
ers into the nearest waste basket,
and to be giving hard second
thoughts to his course and conduct
in his office. Gov Wallace has
made much Of keeping order while
at the same time trying 10 OBJ
struct and defy the law Of the land.
He has not kept order; he could
not expect to do 50. He more than
anyone else has made the law
seem less important than pretu-
dice and hatred in Alabama.
The Daily OkIahoman, Oklahoma
City
I'm his method Of defiance Of
court orders regarding integration
Gov. Wallace encouraged other de-
fiance Of law. By continually ad-
vertising violence he did all but
name the place and time when a
riot should start. The extremists
took the hint while moderakes
stood by in silence"
St. Paul recorder., 1963-09-26
ISSUES: GOOD
AND BAD
BY p. L. PRATTIS

SOdne WLnLeS keep me III q SUaCe
of bewilderment. When they speak
they must not know how stupid
they sound. have always known
how good they are at lying (much
better than the Russians), but I
never have, nor ever viii, under
stand how, when caught with the
goods, they win palm the evil deed
off on someone else.
During the last seven or eight
years, there have been almost
innumerable bOmblngs and burn
lngs Of Negro homes and
churches in Birmingham, Ala. No
one has ever been apprehended,
tried and convicted for any Of
these crimes.
After the latest (Sept. as this
Is wrftten) bombing Of the home
Of Atty. Arthur D. Shores, a New
York Times reporter, tried TO find
out what the average white man
or woman on the street thought
about these outrages. The most
significant response he received
was: II believe the Nigras are do
ing 1t themselves"
Just like Senator Wayne Morse
from the Senate floor has stated
that Governor George c. Wallace
should have his head examined, I
believe that whites who spread the
notion that "the Nigras are doing
it themselves" should have their
heads examined.
In the first place, If Negroes
(who have never gone in for bomb
ing) had in any slight way been
connected with these crimes, some
Negroes would have been arrested,
tried and convicted, guilty or not
guilty. This would have been an
easy way Of transferring blame
from the white community to the
Negro community.
Furthermore, where rewards
have been offered, one might be
sure that some impoverished Ne
gro would have talked. But no
Negro has been apprehended and
no Negro has talked.
In the second place, all the Hol-
ence in every city in the South
has been initiated by whites. It
was not Negroes, but whites who
burned the bus in which freedom
riders were riding. 1t was not a
Negro who shot Postman James
Moore in Alabama. It was not a
Negro who shot Medgar Evers in
Mississippi.
There would be no violence of
any kind If the police In southern
cities restrained those who re-
sort to violence as the District
Of Columbia police did on the
day Of The Great March.
More than two hundred thou
sand people, white and black, des-
cended upon Washington. There
was not a single incident that
could be attributed to them. When
the American Nazis sought to
create disorder, the police hustled
them off.
But in southern cities like Birm-
ingham, nothing is done about the
hooting and jeering spectator-mob
which seeks to provoke violence.
The police do not turn the dogs on
the spectator-mob, nor the electric
prodding irons, nor the fire hoses.
These brutal methods of restraint
are reserved for those who seek
peace with justice"
Nevertheless, in the light Of all
this, there are whites who will
say, II believe the Nlgras are
doing 1t themselves" How sense
less can human beings be?
How artful can they become In
dodging guilt? And how dumb
must the police of Birmingham be
after all these years not to have
found and placed behind bars one
guilty person? How can one have
respect for this stripe Of whites
St. Paul recorder., 1963-09-26

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-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20
Surface Ship
Considered for
NATO Missiles
BY the Associated Press

The United States is pre-
pared to help the European
allies create a NATO nuclear
missile force based on sub
marines. surface ships or both,
a United States official said.
Ambassador Livingston T.
Merchant is scheduled to leave
here Friday for Paris for the
first Of a series Of consulta-
tions with NATO leaders in
Europe. Paris is headquarters
of the North Atlantic Treaty
Council. He will 60 as a spe-
cial representative of President
Kennedy.
His mission is to promote as
quickly as possible the forma-
ton Of a nuclear weapons COM
mand and the organization of
a nuclear weapons force with
in NATO.
The basic project goes back
several years, into the Eisen-
hover administration, but
gained new life recently when
President Kennedy agreed to
provide Britain with Polaris
missiles to be fitted with Brit
ish-made warheads and based
on British-made submarines.
Worldwide Attention
The Kennedy deal with Brit
ish Prime Minister Macmillan
focused worldwide attention
on the prospect of a submarine
nuclear missile force for NATO,
since part Of the deal was that
the British Polaris force and
a matching American contin-
gent would be submitted to
NATO command,
United States officials said
last night, however, that in the
proposed formation of an in
ternationally operated NATO
force, surface ships may have
an important role to play. The
multination contingent would
be paid for and Jointly manned
by such Western European
countries as Italy, West Ger
many and Belgium. Along
with the United States and
British units it would be put
under a NATO nuclear forces
commander operating under
the Paris headquarters.
United States planning, sub
ject to Mr.. Merchants consul
tations, has provided from the
beginning for the possible use
of surface ships.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20
Publishers,
8 Unions Set
TuIkonHours

NEW YORK, Feb. 20 (AP) -
Publishers of New York's nine
closed newspapers and leaders
of eight non-striking news
paper unions confer today on
the subject Of shorter hours,
one of the key issues in the
deadlock.
Mayor Robert F. Wagner,
who called the meeting, hasn't
brought together the publish
ers and leaders Of the striking
printers union since talks broke
down nine days ago.
The contract dispute between
the union and the publishers
has left New Workers without
their regular newspapers for
212 months.
The AFL-CIO International
Typographical Union struck
four of the papers rs days ago.
The other five dailies shut down
at the same time.
The printers will not attend
today's talks on the length of
the work week because their
position is well known" Mayor
Wagner said. The printers
want their work week cut from
1874 to IS hours.
Mayor Wagner won't attend
the meeting between the pub
fishers and the eight unions
which also seek new contracts.
The Mayor conferred for
nearly four hours yesterday
with union negotiators headed
by Bertram A. Powers, presi-
dent of the printers local.
Mayor Wagner stepped into the
deadlocked negotiations Janu-
airy 26 and conducted a series
of talks that broke down after
II days.
There was no indication to-
day when both sides will be
brought together again for
face to-face discussions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20

ministration to combat 1t and
alert the public to its dangers
Members of the AFL-CIO
Executive Council indicated
After a Commute meeting with
Secretary Of Labor w. Willard
Wirtz yesterday that the Presi-
dents tax cut program falls
short of what is required to
stimulate a tagging economy.
The council called for a greater
expanded unemployment pay
program.
Federation President George
Meany told newsmen the adj
ministration could do a lot more
than it has been doing to alert
the Nation to the drag on the
economy caused by the 4 to S
million unemployed.
II imagine a lot Of people
look around and think they see
general prosperity and that
things are pretty good" he said.
They probably feel that the
unemployment situation is not
so bad. But 1t looks like the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20

half the amount Of social Sc
curity payments. 1t also seeks
pension increases and a sur
vivor benefits option.
Contract Expires in May
Three-year Bell System labor
contracts expire this year. The
first expiration, coming during
a To-day period in late May,
could affect phone systems In
more than a dozen States.
including Wisconsin, Illinois.
Ohio, California. Michigan.
Maryland, Virginia, West Vir-
ginia, North and South Dakota.
Iowa, Nebraska, Minnesota and
the District Of Columbia.
Mr.. Beirne said that the
unions also want a company
paid hospital and surgical in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20

surance plan such as those he
said are in effect in most in
dustries. Other demands are to
include higher wages and long
er vacations.
The formal proposals will be
drafted at a policy meeting in
Chicago March 20-22. Mr..
Beirne said one demand to be
considered is q six-month
"sabbatical," with full pay,
every five years for workers
with Is years service.
Mr.. Beirne is an AFL-CIO
vice president and member of
the federation's Executive
Council, which is holding its
regular winter meetings here.
The union chiefs planned to
review operations today Of their
political organization, the Com
mittee on Political Education.
Meanwhile, organized labor's
high command said the pros
pect Of mounting unemploy-
ment requires sterner measures
from President Kennedy's adj
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20

limit" in 1868 labor contract
negotiations to improve PEN
sions payable to about 100000
employees of the American Tele-
phone g. Telegraph Co.. A Bell
Telephone affiliate.
Mr.. Beirne told a reporter,
THE average actual pension
being received by our SO. 900 re-
trees is $78 a month. That's
ridiculously low for a $25 bill
lion corporation with a 81 bill
lion pension fund"
He said the funds interest
yield is over S125 million an
nually. He said that is more
than enough to pay current
retirement benefits without
touching the principal.
The union wants to eliminate
a requirement that company
paid pensions be reduced by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20

unemployment rate will go back
up beyond 6 per cent very
SOON"
Mr.. Wirtz. at q separate
meeting with newsmen. said he
had considerable confidence
that 1868 labor problems in the
steel industry can be resolved
without a strike. He said the
early talks going on IN the joint
industry-union human rela-
tons committee appear to be
promising.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20

a job. She passed a test in
San Antonio and reported for
training at the Experiment in
International Living at Put
ney, Vt.
Miss Brandt was one Of %
volunteers flown to Santo Do
mingo.
1--WE talked to her last Friday
while she was in Puerto Rico
but haven't heard from her
SINCE" the mother said. "She
was real thrilled. I know she's
going to have lots more to tell
U.s."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20
Blind Girl, q, Starts
Duty With Peace Corps

SAN ANTONIO, Tex, Feb.
20 (AP).--A diminutive girl
who didn't let blindness keep
her from becoming a teacher
is the Peace Corps first blind
volunteer.
She's Marilyn D. Brandt, %.
She arrived Sunday at Santo
Domingo in the Dominican Re-
public to begin her new job.
Officials in Washington an
nounced yesterday she had
been accepted by the Corps.
at was kind Of a hurry-up
deal" her mother, Mrs. Day
Brandt, said last night. "They
needed somebody who could
read and teach braille."
Parents Both Teachers
Marilyn's parents have been
public school teachers for more
than two decades. The father
also is q rancher. San Antonio
has been their home since their
daughter was 6. She was born
at New Braunfels, Tex.
As a child Marilyn had lin
tied vision but glaucoma Char
dening of the eyeballs) caused
total blindness when she was
49,
But it has never seemed to
bother her." Mrs. Brandt said.
"SHe was a good student, max
ing. all AS and BIS in college,
and she finished practice
teaching for her certificate last
spring"
Miss Brandt, who is just over
5 feet tall and weighs 100
pounds, was graduated from
the, Texas School for the Blind
at Austin in 1857 and took a
bachelor of science degree from
Southwest Texas College at
San Marcos. She was a men,
Der, of the Student Senate and
several honor fraternities.
Washington Calls
In applying for the Peace
Corps last summer, she cited
knowledge of Spanish, special
attention to English and social
studies, plus her Braille train
ing.
A telephone call from Wash
ington in october, before she
completed a fall semeSter's work
on her masters degree, adj
vised that the Peace Corps had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20
Supersonic Plane
Crashes in Britain

LONDON, Feb. 20 (AP) "A
new supersonic Royal Navy
plane. the Buccaneer, crashed
on a routine flight yesterday,
killing its test pilot and his
observer. Three Of its kind had
crashed on development flights.
The Buccaneer type, sched-
1led to join the carrier Ark
Royal this week for operations,
can carry conventional and
atomic weapons on low-level
strikes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20
ATGT Union to Draft
Wide Benefit Demands
BY NORMAN WALKER
Associated Press Labor Writar

MIAMI BEACH, Fla, Feb. 2O-A new labor trouble area
opened today with word that the telephone workers union
plans drive to win substantial benefit gains from the Bell
Systems 81 billion pension reserve
Joseph A. Beirne, president Of the AFLCIO Communca-
tons Workers Of America said decided to go the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-02-20
ADVERTISEMENT
Skin Rash? ri y 4 jT : a ~ =

Zemo "de-itches" skin these 3 ways: ~
Reduces sensitivity to itching soothes.
cooIs. (2) Suppresses itching sensations.
0 Acknowledgements healing. To get
the anti-itch action best for your type of
itching, ask for either Zemo Ointment or
Zemo Liquid. Both 'de-itch" effectively.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-01-16
AAUW Coffee
Series Set

Wives of diplomats living
in the Arlington area will be
invited to a new series of
"coffees' during January and
February giving informal
help in English conversation,
Mrs. Earl Stevick, coordina-
tor of the Resident Diplo-
mats Program of the Airing
ton branch of the American
Association of University
Women, has announced.
The events will be held
each Wednesday from 10 am.
to noon in the home of vari-
Gus AAUW members begin
ming this week. Mrs. A. w.
Won Magnus, wife of the po-
litical secretary to the Ger
man Embassy was hostess
at today's meeting in her
home on 40th street, Airing
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-01-16

HOnors
Democrats

The round of parties well
coming members of Congress
was continued last night by
the National Capital Demo-
cratic Club which entertained
at a 6 to 8 reception at the
Sheraton Carlton Hotel.
New Democratic members
of the House shared honors
with Democratic House lead
ers who joined the receiving
line headed by the club presi-
dent, Mr.. Donald S. Dawson.
More than half of the SO
new Democratic legislators
accepted for the party which
was similar to one given by
the club two years ago.
The new Democratic Sem
ators are to be honored at a
dinner to be held by the club
on January 30.
Guests we're received in
the Crystal Room of the
hotel which is across the
lobby from the clubs own
headquarters which also was
pressed into service.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-07

Drama. l Hour. WY to Keep AIlN
Until Next Tuesday," A college boy
Robert WaIker) attempts suicide after
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-07
WEDNESDAY Y?S57l
Evening, Cont.
7:3o q WAGON TRAIN.

WeSteIH HOuT. Inc GWfIleIL ldWLon
Story" Duke is trapped in a town
which he must somehow leave or risk
death. tRepeat)
q TOWN MTG OF THE WORLD.
Special. / Hour. Former President
Eisenhower. in Denver; Former British
Prime Minister Anthony Eden, in London;
Jean Monnet, "Father of the European
Common Market" in Brussels, and Helm
rich Won 6rentano. former Foreign Min
lister for West Germany, from Cologne
tThe first use Of instantaneous switching
of TV transmission and reception linking
America and Europe by means of the
Telstar II Communications Sateite)
Walter Cronkite, anchorman.
$50 g 18th PRECINCT.
Police. Hour. (RepeatO
q GOING MY WAY.
Drama "A Dog for Father Fitz"
The gift" pledged by a parishionet
turns out to be large ungainly dog
Gene Kelly stars (Repeat)
q D0BIE GILLIS.
Comedy. Dobie's infatuation with the
pretty daughter (cOrey Patrick Of a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-07

kitchenware king prompts him to enroll
in an executive training program to
become Quickie-cooker salesman. IRE
peat)
100 q MYSTERY THEATER.
Drama. l Hour. "cateh Fear BY the
Throat" A lieutenant governor (SteVe
EorrestI nearly loses his mind when his
past rises from his subconscious to haunt
him. Bradford DiIIman. Linden chiIes.
Karen Steele and Anna Kashfi are
featured
q THE BEVERLY HILLBILLIES.
Comedy. Jed BUDDY Ebsen) enroIIs
Jethro in private school for boys
(Repeat)
30 q BRONCO.
Western. l Hour Ty Hardin stars
tRepeat)
q OUR MAN HIGGINS.
Comedy. Higgins is kept busy KEEPING
MS nephews gambling creditors away
from visiting Aunt Martha tSylvla FieIds).
IRepeat)
q DICK VAN DYKE SHOW.
Comedy. When one of Ritchie's two pet
ducks dies. it seems as If the Petrie
family has lost one of its members
(Repeat)
100 q THE ELEVENTH HOUR.
Drama. l Hour. WY to Keep AIlve
Until Next Tuesday" A college boy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-07-07

kitehenware king prompts him to enroll
in an executive training program to
become Quickie- Cooker salesman. IRE
peat)
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1963-01-25
Dinner Porty
Dinner Pory
MIR. And Mrs. Walter H. Baker
Celebrate 64th AnniUersurU

Mr.. and Mrs. Walter H. Baker,
Of Ashland, who are we'll known
in this area, were honored at
dinner party given by their SON
in-laW and daughter, Mr.. an d
Mrs. Burton Chapman. recent
~ on their 9th wedding an
mverSary.
Invited que I S included Mr..
and Mrs. Earl Baker, MI. and
Mrs. Patrick Baker, CLYDE
Baker. Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer Os-
bourne, all of Richmond; Mr..
and Mrs. Ralph Baker, Of High
land Springs, Mr.. and Mrs. Ray
mond Baker, of Ashland. all
children of Mr.. and Mrs. Baker.
Also, Mr.. and Mrs. Wilmer
OSbourne. Walter and Bobby
Baker, of Richmond; Mr.. and
Mrs John Canady. OF York
town Wayne and CAROLYN Bak-
or. Of Highland Springs. and
Betty jean Baker OF Ashland,
The grandchildren