davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17
BY ROBERT X. WALSH
Star Staff Writer

A House subcommittee pushed
ahead today on civil rights
legislation by tentatively APP
proving provisions barring ra-
cial discrimination in State
as well as Federal elections,
and in public schools.
Both those sections in the
proposed seven-part bill would
strengthen the power Of the
Attorney General to seek Fed
eral Court orders against de-
NAL of equal rights in election
and education.
Representative Celler, New
York Democrat who heads the
House Judiciary Committee,
and the 11-member subcom-
mittee considering the bill,
emphasized that the subcom-
mittee's decisions announced
today we're still subject to
change.
Mccormack Sees Action
Speaker Mccormack, mean
while, predicted that a civil
rights bill would come out OF
the Judiciary Committee in
about three weeks. He did not
say how soon he thought the
bill would reach the House
floor, nor did he comment on
it's chances of passage by the
Senate this year.
The House subcommittee al
ready had tentatively approved
four of the seven main sections
in the bill based largely on rec
concentrations by President
Kennedy.
Besides the titles relating to
voting rights and desegregation
of public schools, other sections
tentatively approved by the
committee would make the
Commission on Civil Rights a
permanent Federal agency and
establish a Federal Community
Relations Service to work with
States, communities and in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17

ton to North Wet Nam. 1t also
would give a major platform to
Mrs. Nhu. The United States
is privately resisting both
things.
SOVIET-CHINESE RELA-
TONS. Russia is expected to
make at least a pro forma ef-
fort to get Red China a U. N.
seat, though Moscow has de-
layed the move unusually long
this year. Chances Of success
are rated virtually nil.
Diplomats will watch with
interest the vigor with which
Soviet Foreign Minister An
drei Gromyko and his aides
push their China campaign. In
recent years, most Of the fire
has gone out Of it as rela-
tons between Moscow and
Peiping have become embit-
tered.
EAST-WEST RELATIONS.
Mr.. Gromyko, United States
Secretary of State Dean Rusk
and British Foreign Secretary
Lord Home are set to confer
the week of September % on
the overall question, What
next after the test ban?"
The best guessing as to the
answer is: Inspection to bar
surprise attack; a non-aggres-
sion pact with provision for
Berlin; further protection
against accidental war, similar
to the Soviet-American hot
line; and/or a total test ban,
with inspection, coverin g
underground explosions as well
as those above ground.
RACIAL TENSION. African
delegates may walk out or
otherwise cause an uproar when
South Africa and Portugal seek
to speak. They will also try
to put greater pressure on the
United States and Britain to
impose economic and political
sanctions on Lisbon and Pre-
toria, reinforcing demands for
black rule in the Southern
third Of Africa.
A proposed resolution bar
ring racial discrimination any
where in the world, and pos
sibly setting up United Nations
machinery to report on COM
pliance, could lead to comment
on the United States domestic
race problems. The United
States, however, plans to back
the resolution.
CUBA. A plan for denu-
clearization of Latin America is
seen as a backdoor way of dis
cussing United Nations inspec-
ton Of Fidel CaStro'S island.
Little is expected to come of it.
President Kennedy's desire to
announce Senate ratification of
the test-ban treaty led him to
delay the principal United
States speech this year by "a
hours. This will enable Mr..
Gromyko to get in the first
blows. Mr.. Gromyko speaks
Thursday, in roughly the slot
the United States previously
filled.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17
REACTION
Church Here Sends
Telegram to Wallace

nit which divides the people
in this country may be healed"
The American Jewish Com
mittee in New York asked
President Kennedy to establish
a national day of mourning
for the victims.
The committee also urged the
President and Attorney Gen
eral Robert F. Kennedy to
undertake every possible &C
ton which will re-establish the
rule of law and order in
Birmingham"
An appeal was made to COM
mittee members to support the
drive for funds initiated by
the National Council Of
Churches to aid families Of the
victims and to rebuild the
Birmingham church.
MethOdists AFFECT
In Kansas City, a resolu-
ton adopted by the 1876 mem
bers Of the Methodist Ministers
Association of Greater Kansas
City, said the ministers Con-
fess our participation, in the
past, in the kind of society
which gives rise to such events
and our failure to effectively
change it.
I'VE pledge our determina-
ton to lead in Kidding our
churches and our city of the
injustices and indignities in
herent In the sin of racial
discrimination"
A meeting Of Harlem clergy
men urged the impeachment
of Alabama's Gov. George c.
Wallace.
Gov. Wallace has forfeited
his right to govern, the group
said In a statement, urging
President Kennedy and the
Federal Government to inter-
vene mot in a matter Of days,
but in a matter of minutes. !"
About so Harlem clergymen
and civil rights leaders at
tended a meeting to plan a
mass pilgrimage to the funerals
Of the four girl victims Of the
blast.
Protest on Coast
In San Francisco, a dozen
spokesman for church and
labor groups, both white and
Negro, announced plans for a
large protest demonstration
against the bombing. They also
urged that President Kennedy
send troops into Birmingham.
President David j. Mcdonald
OF the United Steelworkers, in
a telegram to President Ken
nedy, described the bombing as
the most shocking in a series
OF disgraceful and un-American
acts which have occurred in
the State Of Alabama in recent
weeks"
you have my complete sup
port In the use Of the full
powers Of the Federal Govern
ment TO apprehend the Birm-
ingham bombers and bring
them promptly TO trial"
The Baltimore (Md) Baptist
Pastors Conference, an Or
ganization Of ministers OF 81
white Baptist churches in
Baltimore and Baltimore
County, adopted a unanimous
resolution at its regular meet
ing offering sympathy to the
Negro parents OF Birmingham
whose children were killed.
The conference said II alb
horred "the murderous hatred
that produced the act Of
dynamiting," and prayed that
the power OF love may over
come this evil in our midst.
i Danville tVaJ Negroes, in a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17

jury. The States Rights Party
is expected to come in for
some attention = particularly
the condolences that prompts
ed States Rights demonstra-
tons where troopers had been
pulled away from a scene.
Observers viewing thetiming
of these demonstrations said
it appeared that the demon
stratorS knew in advance what
Gov. Wallace was planning.
The FBI investigation is an
other about effort. Within
minutes after the church was
bombed last Sunday, FBI
agents were on the scene.
Scores of agents have since
been flown to Birmingham.
An FBI spokesman said to-
day that there was an immedi-
ate indication that Federal law
had been violated. He made
it clear that he was referring
to the 1860 law giving the
FBI jurisdiction in bombing
cases under the Civil Rights
Act.
The FBI declined to disclose
what information prompted the
FB1 to assume jurisdiction
even before orders came from
Washington but it would have.
to be indication that the dyna-
mite had been taken across
State lines or that suspects
were crossing State lines to
avoid capture or prosecution.
Although there have been
more than a score of bomb
ings in Birmingham, the FBI
has played a major investiga-
tive role only in four cases.
The FBI emphasized that it IN
vestigates only where there is
evidence of a Federal VIOLA
ton.
The FBI has gone to the
scene of all the recent bomb
ings but picked up the investi-
cation in these three cases be-
fore the church bombing:
The May II bombing of the
home of the Rev. A. D. King.
The bombing of the A. G. Gas
ton Motel on the same night.
The September IA bombing of
the home of Arthur Shores, a
civil rights attorney. Mr..
Shores home had been bombed
a month earlier, but the FBI
did not enter the investigation
in that case.
Although limited in its own
investigative role to the cases
indicating direct violation Of
Federal laws, the FBI has Of
fered its laboratory and iden-
tification facilities to local
police and has pursued out.of-
State leads.
Clues Are Scarce
None of the four cases the
FBI has under active investi-
cation has been solved. The
difficulties in bombing cases
are legion. Most of the usual
investigative techniques C an
not be used.
There is no gun to trace,
and in Birmingham particul-
arly, dynamite is readily avail
able because of its widespread
use in industry. The search Of
the crime scene is usually nom.
productive because the bombs
have destroyed such promising
as fingerprints. The
scene itself is usually trampled
because of the need to re-
move the injured.
Informers are practically the
only source of clues. That's
why FBI agents and local
police have taken on the job
Of interviewing literally thou
sands of potential witnesses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17
BOMBING
. Negro Leaders Call on President
To Send u. S. F FORCES to Birminq ham
Continued From Page Al

continued from rage Al
gated school in Mobile and
Huntsville, but white high
school students in Tuskegee
maintained their total boycott
Of classes.
Meanwhile, a fire bomb was
tossed from a speeding car
early today in a Negro section
of the city but failed to go off.
Police said the homemade
bomb was filled with gasoline.
As on Sunday night, police
and firemen were plagued by
an outbreak Of fires during the
night. All were blamed on pos
sible arson by persons seeking
to harass officials. No one was
hurt in the blazes.
Teen-Ager Wounded
An unidentified white man
earlier wounded 17-year-old
Oliver Williams in the left arm
when the man fired into a
crowd If Negroes in suburban
Ensley yesterday. Mr.. Williams
was reported in good condition.
No arrest was made.
Anonymous bomb threats
forced evacuation Of two county
schools yesterday.
Sheriff Bailey said Michael
Lee Farley and Larry Joe Sims,
both Is, were being held on an
open charge in the shooting Of
Virgil Ware while he rode a
bicycle Sunday with his brother,
Jerry.
Fired Twice
He quoted the white boys as
saving they were riding a
motorscooter when they met
the Ware brothers and that
Sims, who was sitting on the
rear Of the scooter, fired twice.
Il shut my eyes and I thought
that the gun was pointed at the
ground" Sheriff Bailey quoted
Sims as saying. I'VE then left !
the scene and returned home"
Negro leaders here and
around the Nation called for
use Of more Federal power in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17
REACTION
Continued From Page Al


miscreants and punshing them. !"
He called the dynamitine a
challenge written in blood" to
the conscience of the city and
the Nation. ...
Senator Stephen M. Young
Democrat of Ohio, said he has
heard Of nothing as vicious
and inexcusable as the killing
Of four innocent children, Just
because their skins happen to
be black"
He demanded that the dyna-
miters be caught and given
the limit" Of punishment.
Hart Sees Blanket Guilt
Senator Hart said that more
than punishment Of the actual
killers is involved.
Technically, one man or a
group of men is guilty" SEN
ator Hart said. But he sug-
gested there also is a measure
OF guilt to be assessed "for the
broader crime to which the
Nation should address itself
=. The broader crime which
is baSically the crime (of dis
crimination) against individual
dignity" He said it had set
the stage for the actual bomb
ing.
Senator Hart invited Amer
leans in Birmingham and else
where who have failed to pro-
test when they attended segre-
gated churches or sent their
children to segregated Sunday
schools to examine their con-
science now in light of what
happened at the Birmingham
church.
l think everybody who has
stood silent should plead
guilty" Senator Hart said.
Telegram to Wallace
Washington religious leaders
continued to react with shock
to the Birmingham dynamit-
ing.
Trustees Of the All Souls
Unitarian Church dispatched
a telegram to Alabama Gov
Wallace declaring:
%. we ask that you also
face your own involvement ir
it (the church bombing Sun
day.. Your arrogant encour-
agement to those who preach
racial hatred and your defiance
of the law Of the land has
helped create the climate with
in which this appalling deed
was conceived and carried out
In Bethesda. an official OF
the Cedar Lane Unitarian
Church said the Unitarian Uni.
versalist Fellowship for Soc!aI
Justice has established a civil
rights disaster and defense
fund.
Participating churches. the
Rev. Robert Zoerheide said
will conduct special collection,
for the fund-for the benefit
Of the bombed Sixteenth Street
Baptist Church in Birmingham
and for the families OF the deac
children.
Other reactions around tn
Nation TO the bombings II
Birmingham, as reported b.
the Associated Press. included
BaptIsts Give Support
From Valley Forge, Pa, tn
American Baptist Convention
headquarters sent a Telegram
TO the Rev. John H. Cross
pastor OF the bombed Birming
ham church pledging "our con
tinued and strengthened sup
port In the struggle for justice
freedom and civil rights 70
persons Of all races. May thes
who have died bring the Ma
ton to realize that racia
discrimination and segregation
can no longer be tolerated. w
covet your prayers that tn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17
New Rights Provision
Covers State Elections

olVluualS IN attempting 10 re-
solve disputes.
Mr.. Celler said that the
especially controversial section
against discrimination in public
accommodations was being left
to the last.
The subcommittee expected
difficulty in working out two
other sections relating to dis
elimination in Federally as
sisted programs and providing
for a Commission on Equal
Employment Opportunity.
Parks, Beaches Included
In approving the section on
schools, the subcommittee in
cluded a ban on discrimination
in some publicity owned accom-
modationS such as parks and
beaches.
The voting section approved
would authorize the Attorney
General to institute Federal
court suits on complaints of
racial discrimination against
otherwise qualified voters.
Originally it was drafted to
apply only to Federal elections,
but Mr.. Celler said today that
the subcommittee voted tenta-
lively to apply the provisions to
State elections, also.
9Th Grade Requirement
1t would create a legal pre-
sumption that a person with a
sixth grade education was
qualified to vote where literacy
tests are required.
Another provision would
authorize the appointment of
temporary voting referees to
register voters when the At
torney General would show in
court that less than Is per cent
of the Negroes in an election
district are registered.
The tentatively approve d
provision on schools would au-
thorize the Attorney General
to institute civil actions in Fed
eral courts in behalf of children
kept from schools because of
their race.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1963-09-17
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
Star staff Writer


The Federal Government is
walking a fine line in racially-
torn Birmingham.
On the one hand, Negro
leaders led by Rev. Martin Lu-
ther King, jr., are calling for
Federal Army occupation of a
city where shootings and fires
have become almost a COM
monplace.
On the other hand, Federal
officials are anxious to avoid
playing into the hands of Ala
bama Gov. George Wallace,
who they believe wants a
show of Federal force.
For the present, officials in
dicated, the use Of troops will
be kept to a bare minimum
no more than the 300 Federal
lied National Guardsmen on
the scene.
Courses Of Action
The administration attitude,
as voiced by various officials
close to the action, is that mass
use Of Federal troops will not
solve the deeper racial prob
lens which go far beyond a
question Of keeping the peace
in Birmingham.
The Federal government,
however, is much on the scene
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-07-25

peal for voluntary aid.
About 20 persons attended the
commission meeting in the
County Council Chamber at
Rockville, and virtually all of
them volunteered for committee
assignments. Following the ap-
pointments, the committees got
together individually for the
purpose of becoming acquainted
and mapping out future pro-
grams.
Each committee is headed by
a member of the commission,
who will provide liaison between
the individual groups and the
commission pending another
full-scale meeting at a date as
yet undecided.
AS yet untitled are positions
on the staff and program COM
mittee, which will be headed by
Rev. Kenneth B. Vented, COM
mission chairman. The Rev. Mr..
Vented suggested that the
other groups be appointed and
given an opportunity to start
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-07-25
Cun-Carrying
Authorization
Is frightened

More rigid restrictions on
special policemen and guards
authorized to carry pistols were
imposed by the County Council
Tuesday with adoption of an or
dinance revising the weapon
carrying law.
The action was taken follow
ing a public hearing on an
amendment proposed by Col.
James S. McAuliffe, superinten-
dent of police. McAuliffe him.
self appeared before the coun-
Gil in support of the measure,
which drew no opposition.
Under the proposal, special
officers and guards will be
permitted to carry guns only
after they have been deputized
by the county sheriff, appoint
ed officially as constables in
the county or, Should such a
law hereinafter be enacted"
licensed under the laws of
Maryland.
The former ordinance merely
specified that gun carrying
officers be lawfully commits
stoned or licensed" a descrip-
ton that Assistant County At
torney Thomas ]. Walker de-
scribed as somewhat vague.
Unchanged is the provision
that weapons can be carried
only ION or in the immediate
vicinity of the premises of any
employer whose occupation law
fully requires the employment
of a person carrying a gun :"
Col. McAuliffe said the new
law will give county authorities
greater authority to block the
possession of weapons by the
few special officers who are
unframed and unqualified by
providing an opportunity to
examine the qualifications of all
applicants.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-07-25

owners of the county by five
cents per 500 of assessed
evaluation, which will accumu.
late a surplus of over three.
quarters of million dollars"
State law provides that taxes
for education shall be separate
ly indicated on tax bills and re-
ceiptS. Any sum collection for
education shall be used for no
other purpose and must be APP
piled to the purpose originally
intended, according to the as.
sociation's president, Willard
Cass.
aside from the questionable
legality Of overtaxing, there is
the clear illegality Of levying
county school taxes and not
turning these funds over to the
Board OF Education for school
expenses" Cass added.
The Board of Education cut
the number of elementary
physical education teachers, ac-
cording to the MCC-PTA, and
it sis questionable whether the
II teachers provided will be
able to supply the minimum
periods of instruction required
by State law" Cass said.
Summarizing the associations
charges of illegal action by the
two local governing bodies, Cass
stated that 1.-THE eight viola
lions set forth here consti-
tute a serious disregard of
State law by persons who have
a special obligation to comply
with them" The Councils and
School Boards action were
further evidence of a fragrant
disregard Of State educational
requirements as set forth in
the State Public School Laws,
supplemented by actions Of the
State Board of Education" Cass
repeated.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-07-25
CONTINUED from Page "

for a public hearing before the
State Board of Education to
prove their allegations.
The question of legality was
brought by the association after
major changes in local school
policies were made by the
County Council and the School
Bdard. These changes were
made over the strong protests
of State Supt. Thomas G..
Pullen who suggested, at a re-
cent board meeting, that State
aid to county schools might be
in jeopardy in the future. If
the board members exceeded
their authority.
The association charged that
the School Board and County
Council had reduced the number
of supervisors and teachers be-
low State requirements. State
law requires one supervisor for
every so teachers. Recent cuts
have resulted in III teachers
for one supervisor.
"The County Council reduced
by 10 the Board of Education
request for professional, and by
five for clerical assistants" to
the Superintendent of Schools,
the report charged. State law
provides that county councils
shall not deny any part of the
amount requested for any one
school year by the county board
of education to be raised by
local taxation for the payment
of the professional and clerical
assistants of the county super
intendent."
A former ruling of the Mary
land attorney general stated
that this provision is manda-
tory, Cass noted.
When the County Council re-
duced by $i30,224 the amount
requested by the School Board
for supplies and travel of pro-
feSsional and clerical assistants,
they also violated Section 100 of
the code, according to the MCC-
PTA report.
The MCC.PTA added the
charge that the County Council
"levied a tax higher than is
required to meet the school ex-
penditures authorized by it. It
did this by overtaxing the home
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1963-07-25
Group Still Hits Budget Cuts

teachers needed for an average
class size of 25!"
Unaware of this error in ele.
mentary arithmetic" the letter
claimed, "the Council endorsed
it briggs report) by a vote of
49," Claxton said. "Over ST..
100000 of funds paid this past
year by county taxpayers for
school operations are lying un.
used in the county treasury"
the Claxton report charged.
The County Council "has full
authority under the law to
make these funds available to
the Board of Education to EN-.
ploy the needed teachers
Claxton noted.
The letter also requested an
answer from each of the ma
jority members to the following
two questions:
. did you intend to vote for
Mr.. Briggs recommendation
biased on false countrywide
computation) - or did you in
tend to vote for an average
class size of over 80 which the
cut in funds and teachers will
actually compel?
. did you believe the state.
ment in the Councils widely
circulated Fact Sheet declaring
the Council has provided
enough teachers for an average
class size of rs in the secondary
schools to be correct?"
Council members received the
letter Tuesday morning. Coun.
Gil President John A. Floyd re.
minded the members that the
county attorney had already
ruled that they could not re-
consider their previous decision
to cut 200 teachers from the