davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
On Meeting the Districts Growing Expenses

alton in the District should
be fixed and certain; that
the Congress should pursue =. a
definite policy of regular and
liberal appropriations, having
in view not only the perma-
nent, moral and physical ad-
vancement of the city, but
also its pre-eminent beauty
and grandeur as the munich
pal expression of the Ma
TONS home and its peoples
pride"
In concurring, Sen a tor
Works of California said:
1.-THE whole burden of
maintaining its Capital should
be borne by the Government.
But in consideration of this
the residents and property
owners should contribute in
taxes a fair and reasonable
amount to the Government
for the protection and other
benefits they receive from the
maintenance of the city at
the expense of the Govern
ment. The amount Of their
taxes should not be measured
by the needs Of the District.
Their taxes should be paid
into the National Treasury
and applied to District ex-
penSes, but the amount thus
realized S h o I'll d in no way
limit or control the amount
to be expended by the Gov
eminent for the support,
maintenance, upbuilding and
Identification of the seat of
Government"
In their 1862 report to Con-
gress, the District Commits
sioners stated:
1.-THE only feasible long run
solution to District financing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Man Making Better Brain Machines
By THOMAS R. HENRY

quired. Man cannot go to the
spot where recognition is re-
CURED"
The fields for the newly
developing machines include.
says the report, automatic
recognition of features on
maps, photos and charts
and recognition and warning
OF dangerous conditions in
sea and air traffic. They also
include automatic language
translation in which some
progress already has been
made, automatic identified
ton of faces, scenes or fin
gerprints, automatic recogni-
ton of enemy planes, ships
and vehicles.
Humans" says the report,
ARE fallible, distractible, fat
1gable and otherwise unre-
liable. BY comparison the
machine is a model of relia-
bility, accuracy, single-mind-
edness and continuous pre-
d1ctable performance. The
volume OF incoming informa-
ton per second may be too
great for sensing or under
standing or it may be pre-
Sented in a way which is I'M
natural for the human brain.
even with training. The
memory requirements NAV be
too great, too precise, too
fast or too demanding of
reliability.
Machines Respond Faster
Often the human is men
tally able to do more than
he can physically execute or
communicate. There are
problems where speed of re-
spouse must be higher than
normal muscular reaction
that is the information out
put per second must be great
er than in normal speech or
writing"
In all these fields, the re-
port points out, the machine
is making rapid progress
much of which still is secret
The machine also, it ie
stressed, is acquiring the
ability to perform many tasks
which are boring, distastefu
or firing to men, such &C
routine counting, position and
inspection where the human
brain is reduced to an an
tomaton.
Most of the scientific and
technical progress whicb
makes automatic pattern rec-
ignition feasible TODAY. save
the report, has come since the
last war.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
Noture-Lovers

Your editorial of February
%, concerning Glover-Arch-
bold parkway, was the last
straw. For months, even
years, we have read about,
heard about, and seen with
our own eyes the disappear
ance of our natural land
scapes both in the District
area and throughout the
country. Now you suggest that
this same fate be imposed on
what little natural terrain
remains in our area. Heaven
help us!
You claim that the park
way would provide infinitely
more pleasure to the Wash
ington community than ever
will come from this narrow
strip of land in it's wilder
ness state" Undoubtedly
this is true, if you consider
only part of the Washington
community. Obviously, how
ever, you have disregarded
those people who derive much
pleasure from such a wilder
ness area: Hikers, students
of natural history, lovers of
all that is alive and grow
ing, and people just trying,
for a little while, to escape
from this mad world we live
in. Also to be included are
those who cannot speak for
themselves, the small inhab-
itants of the park to whom
a road would mean loss of
home, death and destruction.
The members of the COM
munity about whom you write
will not lose out. In fact,
they have won the battle
everywhere else. Their
scenic Pathways" circum-
ferential highways, and in
ner loops have taken much of
our natural terrain from us,
as, for instance, along the
Potomac River. the Chesa-
peake g. Ohio Canal, and
Rock Creek. The real trag-
edy is that our parks, sup
posedly immune to such des-
ecration, serve as roadbeds
for many of these projects.
In addition, the parks are
threatened by monuments (as
in the case of Roosevelt Is
land and Potomac Park,
sewers, and still more park
ways.
The natural area that re-
mains is small indeed. Please!
Let's not ruin what we have
left. 1t is a priceless posses
sion.
Clark Post Baker.
David E. Baker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
GIenn's Department

AS our recent accomplish
ment in space, along with the
courage and magnificent
technical skill of 1t. Col. John
H. Glenn, Jr., are recorded
for all time in American his
tory, I found it difficult to
come down to earth, abruptly,
while reading of Vice Presi-
dent Johnson's instructions
to Col. Glenn regarding his
address to both Houses of
Congress: Keep 1t brief and
keep it humble"
The humility demonstrated
by Col. Glenn from the mo-
ment he was thrust into the
white light of fame, has in
itself. been spectacular. The
simple, uncomplicated char
acter of this dedicated Amer
lean is in marked contrast to
the complexities Of the space
vehicle in which he rode.
AS the cheers of his coun-
trymen deafened his ears as
Col. Glenn walked from the
speakers rostrum, these same
instructions from the Vice
President could have been
given to our lawmakers. Fill
clustering, delays, and foolish
political pride are not a
must" in the race to keep
our country a first-rate
power.
A brave American has
pointed the way. We would
do well to follow.
Eleanor r. PenOvich.
y II \ y
In conjunction with the
pride in John Glenn and his
orbital flight, I found watch
ing and listening to him
speak in the House of Rep
resentatives a most refresh
ing change.
What a contrast in sounds
and sights to the ubiquitous
politico (both Sides, smirk-
ing, cajoling, ever-expedient,
ever-watchful for the Big I,
and the Big Vote.
CT M.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
Brazil Seizure

Brazil's appropriation of
the American owned tele-
phone company should give
pause to all Congressman who
are considering supporting
President Kennedy's Alliance
for Progress.
Any commitments made in
the. Alliance for Progress
should be contingent upon
firm, enforceable guarantees
against any appropriation of
American companies or in
vestments. Otherwise, one of
the stated purposes of the
Alliance for Progress, to en-
courage private investment,
will be defeated.
C. T. HeIlmuth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
Gamble for Peace

a There presumably are two reasons
for the Presidents decision to make one
last effort to obtain nuclear test ban
treaty with the Soviet Union. One is the
necessity, or the supposed necessity, to
offer some such sop to world opinion"
before we resume our own tests. The
other Is deep-seated desire on Mr..
Kennedy'S part to prevent the nuclear
arms race from muShrooming out of
control"
THE grim facts, however, are closing
in on us. The Russians, according to Mr..
Kennedy, made important gains in their
test series last year, including gains in
the area of perfecting defenses against
ballistic missiles. Another series of tests
by them might alter the balance of
power" against u.s.
Consequently, since we dare not
permit this to happen, the President
has reached his painful decision. We
Will resume atmospheric testing late
next month unless, in the meantime.
the Soviet Union signs test-ban treaty
providing appropriate arrangements
for detection and verification."
The risks are obvious. In 1858 we
and the Soviet Union accepted a mora
forum on tests while negotiations for a
treaty were being conducted. After
months of secret preparation, however,
the Russians broke the self imposed ban
and conducted a series of some 40 at
mospheric teStS-tests which increased
their military power relative to ours.
This was an act of total bad faith, and
they will break faith again if they can
and If 1t Is to their advantage to do so.
So test-bail. agreement now will be
worthless unless, in the Presidents
words, it is truly "a fully effective
treaty.
On the other side Of the equation
is the manifest danger that renewed
tests by both sides, a resumption of the
arms race, may lead slowly but surely
to. doomSday. So it is necessary to have
faith in the President. He knows the
facts with respect to Russian nuclear
gains, at least as far as our scientists
can evaluate them, and he is in the best
position to appraise our nuclear power
relative to theirs. If he decides to take
the risk OF new treaty arrangement
with government which has never
hesitated to break the most solemn
agreements, the rest of us can only hope
that the facts justify the decision.
I The President, of course, is receiv-
ing conflicting advice He is being pulled
one way, and then another This is
bound to raise doubts in his mind. 1t
is. imperative, however, that when de-
cision time comes next month, such
doubts as may remain should be resolved
III favor of the security of the United
States. No risk in resuming tests can
possibly be as great as the risk of letting
the Russians gain a decisive lead in
rluclear power.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

problems is for Congress in
exercising its exclusive legis-
lative authority over the Dis
trict of Columbia to provide
financial support over and
above that which can be de-
rived from taxing residents
and businesses at rates COM
parable to those of surround
ing communities to the extent
necessary to make this city
a modern, attractive and eff
ficient com unity which
meets the requirements as
ISOLATED with being the Cap
ital Of the United States"
Unless Congress appropri-
ates more money toward the
District budget, it will have
no alternative but to resort
to payroll or earnings tax
applicable to non residents
who work here but live some
where else.
District residents now pay
approximately SO per cent of
the operating cost Of the Ma
tons Capital through local
taxes, although the Federal
Government owns about so
per cent Of the land (tax
exempt, and is the major
industry" in the District. If
it were a private employer
and land user of comparable
size, it would pay taxes of
about $62.5 million to the
District.
Col -, .,,us, Il -rpt the
lesson Of history, a1Iu provide
an adequate Federal pay
ment, or the national interest
will suffer.
Carl L. ShipIey,
Chairman, Republican State
Committee for the District
Of Columbia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

The new $14 million Dis
trict revenue bill passed by
Congress, raising sales, liquor
and transient hotel room tax
es, and imposing a new tax
on real estate sales, should
be the last tax increase for
residents of the Nations Cap
ital. Members of Congress
and our fellow Americans
throughout the country must
realize that any further tax
increases for the District will
have serious adverse effects
on the Capital.
Our taxes are now higher
than most cities in the United
States, and are comparable
with taxes in the surround
ing Jurisdictions of Maryland
and Virginia. Any increase
will stimulate the outflow
of tax-paying families and
accelerate our population loss.
The District population fell
from 100000 to $4,000 per-
sons in the last decade.
Additional taxes will fall
heaviest upon the low income
groups least able to pay.
Rents will rise, real estate
will be more expensive, food
costs will go up. Increasing
costs of our municipal gov
eminent, including an ade-
quate welfare program, must
be met from an increase in
the Federal payment. A Joint
Select Committee of Congress
in 1915 made an exhaustive
study of the fiscal relation
ship between the United
States and the District of
Columbia. In its report the
committee stated:
Our unanimous conclu-
sion is that the rate of tax
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
Ndzi Reminders

Undersecretary of State Ball,
answering critics who fear
that censorship of speeches
means a move ard
a "no-win" policy, said such
censorship was only out of
concern for the impact"
which strong anti Commu-
mist statements might have
on uncommitted nations or
our allies.
Yet Constantine Brown,
writing from Europe, reports
great uneasineSS due to a
somewhat opposite impact"
Our French and German
allies, for example, are said
to be extremely uneasy over
recent American and British
statements suggesting a soft
er line.
Also, the German press and
distinguished visitors to our
country have noted the re-
cent rash of reminders to the
American people of old Nazi
German horrors through
movies. TV shows and special
articles skillfully purporting
to show the German people
as just a militant" race,
never to be trusted-the same
line which the Soviet hate
Germany propagandists are
making hay with. They are
wondering If all this means
that their American friends
mean to throw in the sponge
over Berlin.
1t may be poor consolation
to our allies, but many Amer
leans are also wondering. For
example, even at the very
height of the Berlin "crisis"
with the tragic sight of walls
actually being built to keep
people in. and our top leaders
declaring United States in
tent to stand firm with our
West German friends" what
possible good could it do Tor
our side to have our people
almost overwhelmed with a
deluge of film and "documen-
tary" reminders of old war
crimes of our allies?
Lila D. SOnnemann,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
Food Pockoging

1t is gratifying to note that
there are protests against
some methods Of food pack
aging and marking. Mrs.
Carla S. Williams, director of
the Food and Drug Admin
istration. was on solid ground
when she appeared before a
recent Senate subcommittee
investigating packaging and
labelling practices.
When it is necessary to
read the fine print on a pack
age in order to ascertain the
weight or capacity, then
something has to be correct
ed, and to this end, legisla-
ton is in order. Certainly,
food packages can be sold at
a profit without deception to
the buying public.
c. F. HaughawOut.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used auill be
returned only When accom- =
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

1nGelllgent machines, COM
pared to which even the mar
Vicious electronic computers
OF the present will seem like
loW-class morons, may be not
too far ahead.
Progress is being made in
centers all over the world
toward purely mechanical
devices which will be able to
match the human brain in
about everything except
higher orders of original
thinking and Imagination,
and which can perform many
tasks impossible for man.
Present Semi-successful read
ing and translating machines
are steps, but only steps, in
this direction.
This is stressed in a sur
vey of the field by DR.. Otis
N. Minot of the Navy Elec-
tronics Laboratory whose re-
port has just been issued
through the Department of
Commerce. The rapidly de-
veloping machines are de-
scribed as automatic pattern
recognition Devices" able to
combine simultaneous recog-
milton of several elements in
a Situation-such as speed,
shape, time and color. Prog
reSs, the report points out,
has been made by the mill
tary in fields concerning
which information is restrict
ed. But, DR.. Minot says, the
need is increasing all the
time in our present very
complicated civilization.
Limit to Human Ability
Civilization" says the re-
port, "haS reached q stage
where humans cannot per-
form all the tasks of recog-
milton which they would like
done, while devices can do
some of these tasks. They
are especially helpful in sit
uationS where:
Recognition requires sens
ing, memory and interpreta-
ton which man finds tedi-
GUS, firing, difficult or i'm
possible to perform with suf-
ficient reliability, accuracy
or speed.
Man cannot react with
sufficient accuracy and speed,
though he may mentally rec
ognize well and fast. Man
power can be better utilized
otherwise, or is scarce or eX-
penSive.
Danger of destruction for
man is likely and hence au-
tomato recognition is re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

their lights, in reorganiza-
ton of the party - though
there still remain trouble
spots in both the Bronx and
Brooklyn and upstate. They,
and the Kennedy administra-
ton, which has had no use
for Mr.. Prendergast ever since
the 1860 presidential election
(although Mr.. Prendergast
headed up the campaign in
New York at that time), now
have the job of reuniting the
party. The Kennedy admin
stration can throw open the
gates of Federal patronage to
help out, and Mayor Wagner
may do much in the city.
Preliminary Maneuvers
All the maneuvers of the
Mayor, the Reform Group and
the Kennedy administration
have really been preliminary
to the selection of candidates
to make the race this fall
against Gov. Rockefeller and
Senator Jacob K. Javits, and
to that campaign itself. Gov.
Rockefeller has predicted his
opponent will be Mayor Wag-
ner. Other political observers
in New York say, however,
they do not believe the Mayor
will take a chance against
the Governor unless the
White House should twist his
arm. AS of today, it looks as
though he would be the
strongest candidate the Dem
ocrats have to present.
Mr.. Wagner is keeping quiet
over any political plans he
may have. In the past his am
bition has been to follow in
his fathers footsteps and be-
come a Senator from New
York, He tried once, running
against Senator Javits in
1956-the year of the big
Eisenhower sweep - and lost
by $4,000 votes. Those who
doubt his candidacy for Gov
ernor say he would prefer to
wait and run in 1864 for SEN
ator against Senator Heating.
The only announced Dem
ocratic candidate for Cover
nor is Representative Samuel
Stratton, a young upstate
Democrat from Schenectady.
The Mayor has not given
Mr.. Stratton his blessing, al
though he went so far as to
say it was alright for him
to get in the race for the
nomination.
The name of former Post
master General James A. Far
ley, the idol of many Demo-
Gratis, has been advanced in
some quarters for the guber-
material nomination. It has
even been rumored that the
Reform Group would 60 along
with such a nomination. This
would be really a burying of
the Ratchet, in view of the
bitter break between Mr.. Far
ley and the Franklin D. Roo
Sevelts, when the late Presi-
dent ran for a third term.
Whether the New York Lib
eral Party, whose votes have
been necessary to Demo-
cratic victory on a number
OF occasions, would 60 for
a Farley nomination is some
thing else.
Paul Screvane, president of
the City Council and elected
along with Mr.. Wagner last
November, has been men,
toned for the nomination.
But everything waits on Mr..
Wagner'S decision. No promi-
nent Democrat has yet come
forward - or been put for
ward - to run against Sen
ator JavitS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
THE POLITICAL MILL
Will NJ. Y. Democrats Reunite?
By GOULD LINCOLN

The Reform Group, headed
by Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt
and former Senator Herbert
Lehman, with an assist from
the Kennedy administration,
appears to be riding the crest
of the Democratic political
wave in New York. This is
just another way of saying
that politics. like war, fire.
quently makes strange bed
fellows. For the reformers,
at the time of the 1860 DEM
ocratic National Conven-
ton, were strong for Adlai
Stevenson for the presiden-
tial nomination, while Mi
chael H. Prendergast, who has
just been voted out of the
Democratic State chair
manship on orders of the
Wagner Kennedy Reform
Group coalition, and the reg
ular organization went to Los
Angeles to vote for the nomi-
nation of the then Senator
John F. Kennedy of Massa-
chusetts. 1t must be re-
called, however, that after
the nomination of President
Kennedy had been brought
about, the Reform Group
joined up in the campaign to
elect him to the White House
helping to carry New York
for Kennedy by about AGO.
900 votes.
The Reform Group decreed
the custer of the regular or
ganization, headed by Mike
Prendergast as State chair
man and Carmine G. de Sapio
as Tammany Leader and
Democratic National Com
mitteeman, soon after the
1858 State elections in which
Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller,
Republican, won and also Re
publican Senator Kenneth B.
Heating. The group split
badly with the regular or
ganization leaders over the
nomination of a candidate
for Senator at the preceding
Democratic State Conven-
ton.
Question of United Front
Last year, Mayor Bob Wag-
ner of New York threw in his
lot with the Reform Group,
demanding the custer of Mr..
Prendergast and Carmine de
Sapio. The Kennedy admin
1Stration played along with
the Mayor and the Reform
Group, declining to pay any
attention to Mr.. Prendergast
or Mr.. de Sapio when it
came to handing out Federal
jobs. Its influence was thrown
back of Mr.. Wagner and his
slate when the campaign for
the city elections got under
way last summer.
The success Of the Mayor
and his slate Immediately put
MIR. Wagner in the drivers
seat, and he has become the
dominant Democratic leader
in both city and State. Mr..
Prendergast and Mr.. de Sapio
have had their wings cut
the latter having been ousted
from the leadership of Tam
many Hall.
The big question now is
whether the New York Demo-
Gratis will be able to show a
solid front when It comes tn
the elections next November
for Governor, Senator, mem
bers of Congress and other
important State offices. The
object of Mayor Wagner and
the Reform Group has been
to reorganize and reunite the
Democratic Party. They have
been successful, according to
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1962-06-15
HANK FIGHTS SCOTT FOR
RIGHT TO MEET
FULLMER FOR TITLE

Glasgow, Scotland CAMP -
Henry Hank of Detroit, the No. 4
ranked middleweight contender, ar
rived here last week for a sched-
uled June IA bout with Glasgow's
John McC ormack, and with an eye
toward a title bout with Gene
Fullmer, the world middleweight
champion.
The winner Of the Hank-Mc-
Cormack fight has been promised
a bout with Fullmer, presumably
for the title, according to Scot
fish promoter Peter keenan,. How
ever, no date or site has as yet
been set for the proposed Fullmer
fight.
Mccormack, ex-European mid
dleweight champion, promised
Hank, one Of the hardest hitting
middleweights, a rough fight. Nc
Cormack lost his European crown
to Christ Christensen Of Denmark
on a disqualification last January.
He was disqualified when the ref
cree ruled that he hit the Dane
while he was stin down in the
fourth round.