davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
Urges ransom
of prisoners
held in Cuba

icy YORK - (NC) -
Auxiliary Bishop Edward K.
Swanstrom of New York has
urged support of a national
fund campaign to free pris-
oners taken in the invasion
of Cuba in 1861.
mo effort must be spared
to free those who fought so
bravely" in the unsuccessful
invasion, said the Bishop in
a statement released here by
the Cuban Families Commit
tee for Liberation of Prison
ers of War, Inc. Bishop
Swanstrom is executive di-
rector of Catholic Relief
Services : National Catholic
Welfare Conference.
Richard Cardinal Cush-
ing, Archbishop of Boston,
Is one of 50 prominent per-
sons who organized a spon-
sors' group for the commit
tee. Bishop Swanstrom and
Auxiliary Bishop Philip M.
Hannah of Washington are
among the sponsors. The FL
del Castro regime has put a
price tag of from SOS, 1000 to
S500,000 on each prisoner.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
At French Social Week:
Delegates call for progress
towards a world community

They said in other conclu-
sions:
THE European COM
munity cannot be a Europe
closed in upon itself, consid-
cred as an end in itself
1t is a means a stage in
development, both for Euro
peans considered as persons
and for the world community
toward which one m t
work"
Europe must avoid
claiming sacred egotism. 1t
is governed by the laws of
exchange and by invitations
to generosity. 1t must open
out onto the world and open
itself to the world"
The European Commu-
nifty is a Europe which I'M
dertakes to reduce the in
equalities of development be-
tween the different Euro
pean nations and the differ
ent regions of these nations
by a planned employment of
its space and economy"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03

France,
(NC) - A European COM
munity built upon economic
and political institutions
alone or a narrow concept of
spirituality would be detri-
mental to the continents
common interest, delegates
to the 49th French Social
Week warned here.
EUROPE MUST avoid
claiming sacred egotism''
in any sphere of activity, the
delegates from some 40 ma
tions said in a series of con-
clusions adopted after nu-
merous study sessions. TAX
ing part in some of the ses-
sions were Maurice Cardinal
Feltin, Archbishop of Paris,
and many other Church dig
nitaries from eastern France.
Two major conclusions of
the meeting were:
. Economic and politi-
cal institutions will not SUI
flee to make a European,
community, for in order to
take care of the needs OF
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
Drops plan
for delegate
TO Council

NEW YORK (NC)- The
World Jewish Congress has
cancelled its plans to send
a representative to the Sec
ond Vatican Council, which
opens in Rome Oct. IL.
The decision was made by
Nahum Goldman, congress
president, in Difference to
what was described as the
Jewish consensus that 1t
would be improper to partici-
pate in a gathering of such
a nature as the council.
Some weeks ago, it was
announced that DIR. Chain
Wardi. a member of the Is
raeli Ministry of Religions,
had received a leave of abb
sence to attend the Vatican
Council as an unofficial OBJ
server representa- ing the
World Jewish Congress. 1t
was this appointment that
was Cancelled by Goldman.
The congress has been the
only Jewish body SO far to
consider sending observers
to the council. The question
Of assigning Jewish repre-
sentatives, however, has been
causing friction among jew
ish groups.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03

against the Red threat in
1860.
World communism, the
prelates declared, continues
to expand its destructive ac-
tivities." They continued:
"MEXICO, unfortunately,
is not exempt from the infil-
tration of such an evil, which
instead is also finding a well
come here, first among those
who have made themselves
known for their hatred of
religion, secondly among
those who join new trends
because of their spirit of
novelty or to advance their
own interests, and finally
among those who, lured by
false promises, fall prey to
them, are converted into pro-
pagandists and later become
victims of their own deceit"
The pastoral stated that
sadly, communism is pre-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03

x CITY, (NC) -
Mexico's Bishops have warn
ed against the very grave
danger" of communism in
this nation and called on its
people to preserve their
Catholic heritage by Waging
a campaign of prayer, es-
pecially the family Rosary.
THE point
ed out in a joint pastoral
letter that there is a need
for a firm foundation of
religious and moral life" to
help solve the country's So
cial problems and said that
all Catholics, particularly
the wealthy, must put the
Church's social teachings IN
TO practice.
They noted that unequal
distribution of wealth is a
cause of injustice and recall
ed that the Church has al
ways defended the interests
of the poor and workers.
The Mexican Bishops is
sued a similar warming
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03

WEBSTER GROVES, Mo.
-(NC)-A leading figure
in efforts to preserve and
teach the official music of
the Church for the past half
century shook his head sadly
when asked about Official
Church music" in America.
mo MORE
Americans don't like Gre
gorian chant" said Father
Joseph Gajard, O.S.B., choir
director for some 40 years
at the Benedictine monks
famed Solesmes abbey in
France. They've never heard
it,"
What they have more like
ly heard has been the school
choir in some parish church
laboriously singing the fu-
neral Mass, he acknowledged.
Adding to the general con-
fusion has been the church
organist, who in too many
parishes is mot discreet" in
accompanying the chant, he
said.
Here for a tWo-Week in
stitute on liturgical music
sponsored by the Sisters of
Loretto at Webster College,
the 76-year-old scholar and
musician refused to become
dismayed at the thought that
millions of American Catho-
lies do not know or like the
Gregorian chant he and his
abbey have worked so labori-
ously to save.
THEY o understand
It because they hear it sung
badly" he explained. "And
when nearly everybody sings
it badly, you can't blame peo-
Pile for not liking to hear it,
Chant must first of all be
an interior thing" he said.
at must really come from
the heart. 1t is faith put to
music. If you just sing the
(Gregorian) chant to be sing
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
Monk unhappy over status
Of Cregorian chant in US.

ing, it's really not worth the
trouble"
The Benedictines at Sole
mes have devoted genera
tons to finding, photograph
ing and synthesizing ancient
plain chant melodies, uncov-
cred in museums, monster
les and converts all over the
world.
Pope Plus x early in this
century gave them the re-
sponsibility for preparing the
official Vatican editions of
the Church's Gregorian
music; subsequent popes
have continued the directive.
So the chant at Solesmes is
more than a diversion, it is a
way of life.
Father Gajard is reason
ably convinced that some
Church organists are enemies
of good chant.
GIT WAS WRITTEN to be
sung without accompani-
ment," he pointed out. IF
the organist plays at all, he
must do it discreetly so as
not to draw attention to him.
self"
but man needs music" he
said. ut is necessary to ex-
press what can't possibly be
put into speech. And that is
why God created it."
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
RUG

RUG and furniture
cleaners. New and used rugs
and carpets. Phone 363-1122.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
Says U. S. aid
to schools
is legal

CHICAGO (NC) Pub
lie aid to parochial schools
is mot unconstitutional so
long as it takes a nondis-
criminatory FORM" accord
ing to a leading specialist in
constitutional law.
Philip B. Kurland, profess
sor of constitutional law at
the University of Chicago,
expresses this view in a new
book, Religion and the
Law" published here by the
Aldine Publishing Company.
KURLAND, in the pre-
face to his book, distin-
guishes between the issues of
constitutionality and "desir-
ability"
While holding that nom
discriminatory public aid to
parochial schools is constitu-
tional, he says it is his con-
viction that it would not be
desirable, since "the segrega-
ton of school children by re-
ligion is an unmitigated
evil"
"As a judge, l should have
to vote to sustain the con-
stitutionality of such legisla-
ton; as a legislator, / should
have to vote against its pas
sage" he writes.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03

the whole man they must
take their place in a constru-
ton resting on fundamental
cultural and spiritual values
that guarantee full expansion
of persons and commune
ties"
. TO remain faithful to
herself, she (Europe) can
not, under present condi-
tons, become the monopoly
of a single spiritual family.
1t can only be the Europe of
all spiritual families. The
recognition of this need
does not arise from an indif-
ferent liberalism, but from a
healthy pluralism, encour-
aged, moreover, by the encyc-
lical Mater ct Magistra."
THE ham
mered at the theme that
while nations of Europe must
aid each other, they must al
so realize their obligation to
peoples living outside of
Europe.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
Mexico's bishops warn
against internal Red threat

senting itself as a promoter
of social justice and is taxi
ing advantage of the misery
and social injustices which
exist in various parts of pub.
lie life"
1.-THE obvious imbalance in
the distribution of wealth is
a cause of injustice in many
parts of the world" the Bis
hops said, adding that this
contributes to a precarious
situation among significant
labor elements both in the
city and in the country and
to inhuman living condi-
tons"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-08-03
First Saturday
deyotions begin
at St. Patrick

Regular First Saturday
devotions begin tomorrow at
St. Patrick Church according
TO Father John Rubba, O.P.
The devotions, beginning
with s am. Mass, will in
clude a special Mass, the
Rosary, and a period of
meditation, all as prescribed
at Fatima for the intentions
of the conversion of Russia
and world peace.
Evening star., 1962-06-27

For the beach =. for sport -. for shopping.
Hand polished frames, sturdy wire temples.
many with stones in Jewel coIors Shodes and
shapes to suit all foces.
The Hecht Co. = Foshion JeweIy. Notions, TIIehes -
All 5 Stores
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

United States has authorized
well over So billion in military
and economic assistance to
Southeast Asia over a 10-year
period, not counting its own
military and civilian commit
ments or the cost Of participa-
ton in SEATO.
After eight years of aid from
this country, he said Laos is in
far more danger Of q collapse
into a kind Of communism un-
der outside domination or divi-
sion and destruction than when
the whole process began.
And he said there is no longer
any escaping the fact that after
enormous aid spending in South
Wet Nam. it is more, rather
than less" dependent on that
aid and its independent sur
yival is less secure than it was
five years ago.
"One can only hope that a
similar process of increasing
dependency and increasing Sc
curity is not now about to begin
in Thailand." he said. Burma
and Cambodia, which have re-
ceived little aid. are more Sc
cure than either Laos or Wet
Nam. he added.
Senator Mansfield received
an honorary doctor Of laws de-
gree following his address to
the 2,406 graduates.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
De Wilde Named
To New AID Job

Appointment Of John E. De-
Wilde as Representative in
Israel for the Agency for In
ternational Development was
announced yesterday.
Mr.. DeWilde has been work
ing on foreign aid programs
since 1858 and has been con-
troller Of AIDS Tel AEiv mis-
sion for the past two years. His
new post carries a salary of
$1,000 a year.
Mr.. DeWilde is a native Of
Holland. Mich, and attended
the College Of Western Michi-
gan and Michigan State
University.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
Costly Assistance
South Shows
No VioIence
Over Schools

NASHVILLE. Tenn. June II
(AP).-Public schools in the
South have completed their
first year without violence
over desegregation since 1854.
Southern School News reports.
The publication, issued by
the Southern Education Re-
porting Service, said the last
violence over school desegrega-
tion occurred in January 1861,
at the University Of Georgia.
Mob action, boycotts or
boRnbings had occurred over
school desegregation' in every
previous year since the 1854
Supreme Court ruling that
compulsory segregation Of
schools was unconstitutional,
the paper said,
The violence reached a peak
in the 1957-5s school year.
when armed troops were
rushed into Little Rock and an
elementary school at Nashville
was dynamited.
The National Guard was
used to put down violence at
/, Clinton. Tenn, and Clay and
'Sturgis, KY, in 1861. And
In i95S-S9. Clinton returned to
news headlines with the dy-
namiting Of q desegregated
high school.
Only two incidents were re-
ported in 1960-e1. One was the
disorder that erupted at the
University Of Georgia when two
Negroes were admitted, and the
other was violence that erupted
in New Orleans in November
1850, resulting from desegre-
cation Of two white schools.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

approaches, which he said
Wlll yield little to the people
81 this Nation and little to the
reople Of Southeast Asia"
Mansfield said he doubted
that United States traffic Sc
cnrity and other interests JUS
tify indefinite commitment to
The unilateral defense of the
area.
Rather, he said yesterday,
this Nation should investigate
EVERY possibility Of miniuiiz-
ing the unilateral activity Of
the United States in Southeast
Asia In every sphere"
Sees Distinctions
He asked that we draw
clearly the distinction between
what is enduringly basic and
what is transistory and peri
pheral in our interests with re-
spect" to the area.
The unilateral supply Of man
power and billions is at best
"a mark-time course Of q.
immense costs" and "at worst.
it's q collision course" he said.
Senator Mansfield called for
IAN attempt to alter or modify"
the SEATO alliance If better
ways of maintaining peace and
independence in Southeast Asia
can be found.
He also urged that efforts
be made to have the United Ma
tions or another group Of ma
tons to share the burden Of
improving the economic and
social lot of Laos. South Wet
Nam and other underdeveloped
nations.
Costly Assistance
And he added that more
emphasis on traditional diplo-
macy" might be useful In place
Of military and political sub
sides to Laos and South Wet
Nam.
Senator Mansfield said the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
Mansfield Asks Study
of Policies in Asia

EAST LANSING. Mich, June II (AP)-Senator Mansfield
Democrat Of Montana told commencement day audience
Michigan State University that it's time re-examnaon
q this Nations policy toward Southeast Asia fe
The Senate majority leader said his support of President
kennedy does not preclude public discssono
The Adak sun., 1962-02-19
Page 4

PUBLIC WORKS MAN RECEIVES COMMISSION
AS ENSIGN-SETS RECORD OF TIME ON THE
ISLAND FOR TOUR OF CONTINUES DUTY!:!
Some personnel on the island do wish
they could spend more time than the pres
cribed tour Of 80 months as extended wi tn
their dependents on station but rarely is
such request ever approved. For Ensign
(ex-MRCS) William L. Robinson the al mo
aths he has been on Adak are enough but
rs he states: " have enjoyed it very
much." His wife, Delilah and children
William, Robert and Gary have resided on
>dak for the past "a months, another rec
,rd as far as can be determined by MIXERS
files.
The extended tour all came about when
the then Senior Chief Robinson was select
Cd for LIDO in the early part of 1861. The
admin strative procedures necessary for
effectin9 the promotion to Ensign were
bit delayed, thus Chief Robinson wal
Il here on Adak we'll beyond his tour ex-
otcation, as extended.
On 10 February he took the oath of app
tment as Ensign and will depart from
lax With his family on the Oath of Feb
4ary for Newport, Rhode Island, where he
ill take week orientation course and
hen report to the uSS MOUNT BAKER AE-4,
here he wi IL serve as the Main Propuls-
on Assistant.
During his tour on Adak, Ensign Robin
IN served in the Public Works Mainten-
Hcs Divi on as Admin Chief.
lie entered the Navy in August Of 1916
.fter schooling in Los Angeles although
jenver, Colorado is his hometown.
Congra tula ions Good Luck, Chief
robinson and family:
The Adak sun., 1962-02-19
ADAK SUN

American Heritage continued. ..........
These symbols mean that behind you
stands army of statesman, soldiers
and patriots and countless determined
individuals. From the greatest to the
least, they have built a way Of life, a
heritage, often paying with their own
lives, for the America we know today.
Beginning Wednesday the 2lst, the day
before Washington's birthday, the TV
station AFTV, will begin sevene4day
series Of reminders what your Amer
lean Heritage is, what it means to you:
American and few suggestions on
how you can develop fuller appreciate
ion of your heritage American.
Your participation in "American Her
itage Week., February FL to %, won
take much effort and should be richly
rewarding.
MUsKIE
Thur sday, February 22nd is Washingtons
birthday. On the holiday which is given
might pause in relaxation to
give thanks that such an American exist
ed and came into being to the Is Pres
ident of the United States.
The girls in the Navy Exchange office
held field day Friday 10 February washing
walls, windows and desks that everything
would sparkle like the draw Grapes
that put up after the cleaning job
was finished. (Ed.Note: They did such =
fine job we hear that Chief Ful1en is
going to make it part Of their weekly
duties.
Webster defines "rock" "a large
mass of stone" and Adak does has fair
share of stone but it has many other
things too, soil, tundra, vegetation and
wildlife along with human population
Slang for "rock" has meant Alcatraz among
certain segment of people in the lower.
as, remember when had duty in the
tropical paradise of American Samoa, some
of the men referred to it as 1.-THE rock".
As is my privilege disagree with the
The Adak sun., 1962-02-19

AMERICAN HERITAGE by Mike Potts, JOB
IF the words "American Herr tagc" are
meaningless to Americans, then what does
have meaning? Think for minute.
Do you remember stories of the Boston
Tea Party? Ever see the Liberty Bell, the
Statue of Liberty, the Tomb of the Unknown
Soldier? Whe Their or not you have seen them
you have heard Of them. The list of event
memorials and names could stretch for mi lie
But what do these all mean?.
CONTINUED next column)
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1962-05-11
Using The Surplus

GENERAL months back. President
- Kennedy called for an inquiry to
determine whether our emergency stock
pile is overloaded. A Senate investiga-
ton was started and the Senate Sub
committee proposed recently that the
government dispose of billions of dol
lars worth of surplus material by
channeling it to defense contractors for
conversion into military supplies.
An example of how the plan would
work, according to Subcommittee Coun-
sci R. c. Coburn. is that the govern
ment could provide rubber to a CON
tractor who makes military tires and
tubes for the government. The govern
ment would then deduct from the
amount it normally pays the con-
tractor for the tires and tubes the price
of the raw rubber.
Senator Stuart Symington, who is
chairman of this Armed Services Sub
committee. investigating the nations
stock pile of strategic materials, favors
the plan and said that he would intro
duce legislation to implement it.
The SEmington plan seems to be a
good one 1t will not have the disastrous
effect on prices which would result
from dumping all excess materials on
the open market. It appears to be an
orderly method for reducing our I'M
needed SURPRISES without, at the same
time, affecting world prices any more
than a reduction in our national de-
Tense program would.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1962-05-11
10th Century Education

men like Fitzpatrick and
Counts and Rugg who swal-
lowed hook, line and sinker the
philosophy of John Dewey, and
who helped spread it like so
much treacle over an apathetic
land
But, lest self-righteous par
ents start preeming themselves
in an II told you so" attitude,
Rafferty, hastens to draw bit
of parental blood, too. While le-
ultimate criticism has been lev
eled at the schools in recent
years, education also has been
pestered by the onslaughts of
what he terms ''opportunistic
pygrnies equipped with poison
arrows. J"
Rafferty, lays open the short
comings of the teaching profess
sion. But he is equally blunt in
condemning citizens whose anti
school TRADES stem from hypoc-
risy ingratitude. cowardice, or
bigotry.
Can educators be blamed
he asks, because this country
has, since pioneer days, periodi-
cally exhibited a strongly anti
intellectual bias which has glori-
fled the sharp operator and be-
Titled the scholar"
In pas sing, Max Rafferty,
stings school administrators who
seek to substitute business acu-
men for true education school
teachers whose incompetence or
unsuitability is protected by ten
ure and adults who condone ju-
venile delinquency as a part of
the "maturation' process of
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1962-05-11
Added Pressures

port of integrated public schools, which
the citizens have. historically maintain
ed they would not do.
In the meantime the Prince Edward
School Foundation has operated a sys-
tenn of private schools, now we'll esta-
blished through private business pol
icies of buttons and endowments. Negro
parents when offered a similar system
in 1859 chose not to accept local aid and
assistance.
Mr.. Boyle announced this week that
his survey, taken during the past two
months, shows that a large number of
white citizens are now willing to ac-
cept desegregation if this were neces-
sary to reopen the public schools"
Mr.. Boyle has found what no other
agency has been able to find. Recent
meetings Of P-TA chapters throughout
the county endorsed unanimously the
program Of private education for their
children for next year through the
Prince Edward School Formation.
Mr.. Boyle, a native of Charlotte, N
c., a professional integrationist social
worker is a member of the national
staff of the American Friends Service
Committee. He attended Elon College,
American University in Washington, D.
c., and Emory University in Atlanta,
Ga. From 1913 to 1858 he was manager
Of the ATLANTA office of the American
Red Cross, since that time he has been
connected with the Also He aided this
committee in relations with the Negro
community during the school contro-
versy in Atlanta, Ga. He taught Sunday
school in the Presbyterian Church and
worked with his Sunday School scholar,
the deputy superintendent of schools,
in migrating the Atlanta public school
SYSTEM He is firstname-k known by the
Rev. Martin Luther King and his staff
Of the Southern Christian Leadership
Association, and others in the social in
tegration movement in the South.
He processes to be in Farmville until
Septemb Der to assist the people to re-
establish public schools, which would
be integrated.
In face Of these added pressures may
we counsel calm, careful consideration
which has characterized the people for
the past ten years in the search for
solution which they are abundantly cap
able Of finding for themselves.