davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16
Outronk Other Deputies
BY GRAEME WYNNE
Contributing Writer

In Santo Domingo, capital of
the Dominican Republic, there is
handwriting on the walls: Down
With Anybody Who is Up"
This slogan represents the Do
minican fear of power caused by
three decades of suppression un-
der the former dictatorship Of
Rafael Leonidas Trujillo.
But this despairing slogan is
rivaled by more recent ones Of the
eight parties vying for victory in
elections to be held on next
Thursday.
For the first time In 80 years,
Dominicans will elect President,
a Vice President, and a Congress
of 81 Senators and IA deputies.
The elected body will take over
from the provisional government,
a seven man Council of State,
next February 81.
The winners of the election will
inherit tremendous problems. A
single year of democracy has not
erased the effects created by 80
years of plumber and intimida-
ton. Initiation and unemploy-
ment still plague the economy.
Thousands Unemployed
Liberation from the woes of
the Trujillo regime was hollow
victory for the Dominicans. Al
though they were free, they we're
a bankrupt nation of four mil
lion tyranny-shocked people, hun
dreds of thousands of whom were
unemployed.
The Republic also inherited
from the dictatorship an absence
of economists, technicians, and
planners. Without them recon-
struction is harder. The Organiza-
ton of American States and the
United States have supplied teams
Of expert advisors.
In addition, credits of $25 mil
lion were extended by the ALI
ance for Progress to enable re-
payment of foreign debts. Over
100000 tons of the former Cuban
sugar quota was assigned to the
Dominicans at three cents above
the world price. These measures
and others temporarily solved the
worst difficulties facing the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16
Brunei:
New Revolt

British troops put down a re-
belliOn last week in the small
BOrneO protectOrate Of Brunei.
For more than a hundred years.
Great Britain has controlled about
one-third OF the island OF Borneo.
The Indonesian government rules
the southern two-thirds OF the
island which is located between
the Philippines and Java in the
South China Sea.
The British portion is divided
into three uneven parts, Sarawak.
North Borneo, and Brunei. Brunei
is the smallest. and due TO rich
oil deposits, the wealthiest. It is
governed by a Sultan, under a
protectorate with Great Britain.
As a result Of the Constitution
OF 1859, Britain is responsible for
defense and external matters. and
the British High Commissioner
advises the Sultan on non-religious
matters. Despite the Constitution
and the relative affluence Of the
former jungle area, Brunei is still
a backward area.
In recent years, the winds Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

Immediately announced duties.
The 45-year-old Polyansky thus
became the third member of the
Central Committee Presidium who
is also a deputy premier.
The other two are Mr.. Kosygin
and Mr.. Mikoyan, first deputy
premiers.
Mr.. Polyansky retained his
party post as first deputy chair
man Of the Bureau for the Rus
sian Republic. But his move
appeared to indicate a certain
waning of his political fortunes.
Succeeding him as premier of
the Russian Republic was Gen.
nady Voronov. 52-also a member
of the preSidium and a first dep
uty of the Bureau for the Russian
Republic.
Mr. Voronov, with Mr.. Polyan-
sky, ran the Russian Republic for
Mr.. Khrushchev.
Mr.. Shelepin'S appointment as
a deputy premier was in line with
his assignment to head the newly
created Party-State Control Com
mission that took over the func-
tons previously performed by
separate party and government
organs.
At As, Mr.. Shelepin is one of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

the fastest-rising young men in
the apparatus. He was formerly a
leader Of the giant Young Com
munist League and, from l958-61,
headed the state security (secret
police organs.
His new inspection organization
will have wide powers to ferret
out corrupt officials in the gov
eminent and party and will super
wise the fulfillment of economic
goals.
Long Way to Go
The job could become an i'm
portant instrument of power in an
ambitious mans hands, but Mr..
Shelepin is still too small a fish
in the Kremlin pond to misuse it.
He is only a secretary of the
Central Committee, subordinated
to Mr.. Khrushchev, and still has
long way to go before reaching
the all-powerful presidium.
The two other new deputy
premiers, Mikhail Lesechko and
Ignati Novikov, were men Of no
special Importance in the top
party councils.
Mr.. Lesechko, So, is a specialist
on foreign trade and aid and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

sian proposal for summit talks,
British desire for greater trade
with Russia and low Western
prestige in Middle East.
March 10, 1859: Macmillan Els
enhower at Camp David, Md,
and Washington. Two leaders
agreed to summit conference
with Khrushchev and to mod
crate Vests insistence on re-
unification Of Germany as the
first objective in Europe.
August ~, 1859: Macmillan Els
enhower at London. Informal
talks during Eisenhower's Euro
pean trip covered upcoming sum-
NIT conference. tactics in han
ding recent Soviet moves in
Europe. disarmament. The Pres
ident and Prime Minister later
made Joint TV appearance.
March rs, 1860: Macmillan Els
enhower at Camp David. Prime
Minister came TO prevent split
among allies over Russia's halt
ing OF nuclear testing.
March rs, 1861: Macmillan-Ken-
nedy at Key West. Kennedy
asked for meeting to get full
agreement on steps toward in
tervention in Laos before talks
were TO begin few days later at
Southeast Treaty Organization
conference.
April SIS. 1861: Macmillan-Ke
nedy at Washington. Talks COW
cred West Berlin, Red China,
u. N. and aid TO underdeveloped
nations. No formal communique
released.
June 5, 1861: Macmillan Kennedy
at London. Announced "satisfac-
ton" with Russia's support OF
plan TO neutralize Laos. Agreed
West Berlin must be kept
strong.
December 81, 1861: Macmillan
Kennedy at Bermuda. Discussed
Berlin wall, preparations for nu-
clear testing. Indian-Goa cri-
sis. future OF U. NJ, West New
Guinea and urgency OF Congo
negotiations between Prime
Ministers Adoula and Tshombe.
April rs, 1862: Macmillan enne-
dy at Washington. Talked over
European Common Market and
It's effect on Britain, disarma-
ment, resumption by West Of
nuclear testing and said they
we're ready 10 meet at summit
with Russia but doubted II con-
ditions were right at the mo-
ment.
December 10, 1862: Macmillan
Kennedy at Nassau. Time will
tell.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

of about 20 per cent. White collar
workers in some cases received
increases of 40 per cent and Ia
borers on the sugar estates have
had their salaries doubled and
tripled from so cents per day.
These wage increases as opposed
to a relative scarcity of consump-
ton commodities have created in
flation.
Approved COndidutes
In this atmosphere this weeks
elections will be held.
The eight parties whose can
didates have been approved by
the Electoral Committee range
from the far right to the moderate
left. The two Presidential candi-
dates claiming the largest follow
ings are DR.. Viriato Fiallo, 81,
leader Of the rightest National
Civic Union (NCU), and Juan
Bosch, SO, of the moderate left
Dominican Revolutionary party.
DR.. Fiallo, a medical doctor
from the middle class, advocates
government with the people and
for the people," He feels that "the
poor should be less poor and the
rich less rich"
He was the nucleus Of anti
Trujillo movements. His reputa-
ton together with his modera-
ton held mass appeal earlier in
the year. Since then more than
20 other recognized parties have
drawn the hotheads from his fol-
lowing. The opposition has Spat-
tered him with damaging slogans
such as "creole oligarch," yankee
imperialiSt," and "tutumpote,
"ostentatious bourgeois" How
ever, he still has powerful support.
Juan BoSch's promises have won
him the backing of farm laborers
and unemployed. He proposes di-
viding the government owned
sugar properties, the backbone of
the economy, into co-operatives.
All other government owned land
would be parcelled out to the peo-
pie. Once government property
has been distributed, he would buy
privately owned land at prices
fixed by the constitution. and
that, too, would be handed out.
Fishing and livestock corpora
tives would be formed. He prom
Uses to build swimming pools,
communal dining rooms for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

heads the Council of Ministers
Commission for foreign economic
questions. He is scheduled to take
over ousted Deputy Premier Vladi-
mir Novikov's job as permanent
representative to the Soviet-bloc
council for mutual economic as
sistance (Comecon)
Mr.. Novikov, also So, is a build
ing expert who will head the new
state construction committee that
will oversee all capital construc-
ton projects in the Soviet Union.
Economic Chief
Another important figure emer-
ging from the government shake
up was Deputy Premier Veniamin
Dymshits, a 52-year-old Jew, who
was named head of the new ma
tional economic council of the
USSR.
This powerful organ will be in
charge of drawing up year-to-
year economic plans and admins
tering the regional economic coun-
ellis.
Mr.. DymshitS, an economic
specialist who also has little i'm
portance in the party apparatus.
will be performing functions that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

Council of State which took over
after Trujillos downfall.
Since then other problems have
arisen. Liberalization of import
restrictions released a demand
which has diminished foreign re-
serves. The government relin-
pushed taxes that would norm
ally have yielded about $50 mil
lion. This was not counterbal-
anced by other government ex-
penditures such as a $40 million
emergency public works program
designed to cope with unemploy-
ment. Furthermore government
employees received wage increases
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

Mr.. Dean. however, said that
the BLACK boxes" we're not adj
equate checks in themselves. He
said any treaty banning all tests
would have to provide for inspec-
ton by scientists Of suspected ex-
plosion sites. Mr.. Dean said that
the Russian proposals were ef-
forts to stall, and might be in
dications that Moscow was pre-
pairing another series Of nuclear
tests,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16
Mediocre Is Old
To the Germans

Bundesrat. He accepted compro-
mise after compromise to get a
bill through. Finally, after year
of debate, a bill was passed in
the spring of 1888, the historic
Sickness Insurance Act. What 1t
actually did was link up the in
finite variety of already existing
sickness benefit societies. The act
required workers engaged in GER
tain types of industrial labor to
take medical insurance. They
could insure through one of the
existing funds or one created spe-
cially for the purpose.
Millions Enrolled
In 1885, when the public health
insurance program went into eff
feet. it had a membership Of AZ
million workers - or 8 per cent
of the population. BY 1880, it
reached % million. At the be-
ginning of 1855, 10 years after
the postwar division of the coun-
try, membership in West Germany
was close to "a million. At pres
ent, it covers some Al million
about 80 per cent of the West
German population. Of the re-
naming 20 per cent, about 1875
per cent are covered by private
voluntary insurance; S per cent
have no protection, and 2.5 per
cent receive public welfare.
The compulsory insurance sys-
tenn now covers most workers,
salaried employees, farmers and do
nestle servants through some
1000 separate Sickness Funds.
Only the highest-paid officials and
businessmen are not required by
the law to join a fund. Employ
ers and workers divide the costs
equally-each contributing a tax
of about per cent on the in
dividuals pay check. The system
lacks uniformity, as Frau Schulze
remarked. Some Of the more pros
porous funds, for example, offer
benefits the smaller ones can't af-
ford.
But all the funds pay for a
broad range of medical costs. They
guarantee the insured payment of
doctor fees, medicine, dental care
and disqualification. The funds
pay for services and medicines on
presentation of vouchers by doc
tors, druggists and hospitals. Pa
tents are free to go to any gen.
eral practitioner or specialist as
ISOLATED with the funds. Because
of the tough competitive Situa-
ton in the German medical pro-
feSsion, most doctors do insur-
ance practice. This gives Germans
virtually unlimited choice Of ply
SicianS.
In addition to medical care, the
German health plan includes sick
ness allowances to replace earn
ingS lost due to illness. And the
German pension system Includes
disability protection. The pension
system will pay for one month
in a sanatorium every two years
if a doctor certifieS this is neces-
sary to prevent disability or speed
recovery. German officials say they
have run into trouble with this,
that doctors make the necessary
Qualifications too freely.
The Sickness Funds are also in
serious financial trouble. With the
rising costs of modern medicine,
they are having hard time max
ing ends meet-even with fed
eral subsidy for social security
pensioners. The Ministry of Labor
at Bonn proposed a few years ago
that patients be required to pay
something for the cost of drugs
and make small cash contribu-
ton to doctor and hospital bills.
The measure was designed to re-
duce the number of "bagatelle"
cases and put the funds on
more solid footing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16
u. S.-British Sessions
Have Long History

When President Kennedy and
Prime Minister Macmillan meet
in Nassau Wednesday it will mark
the 18th conference between the
leaders of the United States and
Britain in the last 10 years.
January 6, 1852: Churchill Tru-
man at Washington. Discussed
relations with Russia. the COM
mand structure of NATO, the
Iranian oil crisis. German re-
armament and atomic energy.
January 6-8, 1858: Churchill
President-elect Eisenhower at
New York. An informal ex-
ploration Of future BIRTHS h.
American relations" Eisenhow-
er not yet President so no for
NAL statement issued but dis
cussions covered Korean War.
European defense and possible
easing of trade barriers to help
British economy.
January 8, 1858: Churchill ru-
man at Washington. A final
meeting covering most Of the
matters brought up a year ear
lier.
June rs, 1854: Churchill Eisen-
hover at Washington. Topics
included French delay on rati-
flying European Defense Com
munity. how to restore German
sovereignty. a proposal for
Southeast Asia defensive ALI
ance, and means TO a fuller ex-
change of atomic information.
January 81, 1856: Eden Eisen-
hover at Washington. Rejec-
ton OF Soviet offer Of a 20-year
non-agRression pact, British re-
quest for United States support
In Israel-Egypt dispute and adj
mission OF China TO the United
Nations we're topics on the
agenda.
March 20, 1857: Eden-Eisenhower
at Bermuda. An attempt 10 heal
breach caused by Anglo-French
invasion Of Suez. United States
agreed TO let Britain have guild
ed missiles. Both agreed 10 con-
tinue atomic testing. Unite d
States said II would cooperate
closely but not join Baghdad
Pact.
October "a. 1851: Macmillan-Eis-
enhower at Washington. Talks
followed Russias Sputnik /.
Two partners agreed 10 pool
arms. atomic weapons and SCI
entific knowledge.
June 0. 1858: Macmillan-E isen-
hover at Washington. Prim e
Minister on way home from Wis
ting mothers Indiana birth
place. Discussions covered Rus
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

the hungry in towns whose pop
ulation exceed 10000. He proposes
waving the taxation Of new firms
for 10 years. Even foreign enter
prises will not be taxed for 10
years. This idea has been de-
nounced as "a pledge to sell the
country to foreigners" by the So
cial Democratic Alliance, a party
which claims $4,000 followers.
The Revolutionary Social
Christian Party ranks third. Its
presidential candidate, Alfonso
Moreno, and the vice presidential
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16
BY SUSAN WAGNER
Contributing Writer


President Kennedy's legislative
proposals once again are to fea-
ture Mediocre. A debate will ring
through the halls of Congress:
Is social security the proper We
hicle to carry costs of health in
surance for the aged? And If any,
one haunts those debates 1t will
be the Iron Chancellor, Prince Otto
Won Bismarck, who started the
whole thing. He spanked the chain
reaction that has now reached our
shores.
Germany has had compulsory
health insurance longer than any
other country. Public health in
surance took root there in the
mid-l9th century. Since 1888, a
segment of the German population
has been required by law to carry
health insurance through one of
the public Sickness Funds. 1t is
useful to take a look at the Ger
man experiences in trying to an
swer the questions posed in our
own Medicare controversy. How
has public health insurance Jared
there during more than half q
century of existence?
On a recent trip to Germany,
I found differing points of view.
One social welfare worker said
emphatically: I'VE should simplify
our system. It's too complicated.
How can you develop a democracy
when the people don't know and
can't understand their rights?"
That is how Frau Emma
Schulze, a tiny red-haired woman
who resigned as co-chairman Of
one of Germany's welfare organi-
cations, the Arbeiterwohlfahrt,
when Hitler came to power. She
worked nightly after the war to
restore free welfare institutions
and now lives in retirement near
Frankfurt au Main. In Bonn,
however, a government official
commented sardonically: 1--WE are
suffering from too much democ-
racy too quickly" He was re-
ferring to organized labor's de-
mands for greater and yet greater
social security benefits.
The Hitler Influence
Hitler abolished most of Ger
many's free labor and welfare in
stitutions. He did away with the
Self-governing aspects of the Sick
ness Funds and pension systems.
All this has been restored since
the war. After several decades of
social policy directed from above
Germans are re-discovering the
possibilities of voluntary individual
and group initiative in dealing
with social problems. Private in
Surance and industry pension and
health schemes have developed to
supplement the public programs.
Nevertheless, most Germans,
including Frau Schulze, believe
Bismarck left them a fine herr
tage of protective measures. Both
the beauties and the flaws in the
present German system of health
insurance trace back to his re-
gime in 10Th century Berlin. In
the light of our controversy over
medical care for old people, it
seems curious that Bismarck met
less opposition to his health in
surance proposal than to any other
part Of his social security pro-
gram.
Public health insurance had al
ready taken root in several Ger
man Laender (stateS) as early as
1870. Bismarck would have liked
a uniform, centralized system Of
health insurance designed to show
the workers that all blessings flow
from the state. But he could
not obtain the necessary MAORI
ties in the two German legisla-
tive bodies, the Reichstag and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

Continued From Page b.
start, however. on the arduous
road TO disarmament. II would rid
the air OF harmful radiation par
ticles. and II would prove that East
and West could agree on an i'm
portant issue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

The Craftsmanship of the Coun-
Gil Of Ministers Of the USSR, or
premiership.
First secretaryship Of the Com
munist Party Central Committee
Secretariat.
Membership on the Presidium
of the Central Committee (some-
times he is called its leading
member" although there is no
such title).
Craftsmanship Of the Central
Committee Bureau for the Russian
Federated Republic.
All the recent changes in the
party and government involved
men who owe their careers to Mr..
Khrushchev and who will be work.
ing under his direct supervision.
OF the top level changes, the
promotions. of Dmitry Polyansky
and Alexander Shelepin to the
rank Of deputy premier aroused
the most interest here.
outronk Other Deputies
There are two first" deputy
premiers in the Council of Min
listers, ranking above the deputy
premiers. They are Alexei Kosygin
and AnastaS /. Mikoyan. Both are
party preSidium members.
Mr.. Polyansky was moved out
Of his job as premier of the Rus
sian Republic to become a deputy
premier Of the USSR-with no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16
THE FOREIGN SCENE

Geneva to connect the White
House and the Kremlin directly
by telephone or teletype.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16

Nikita Khrushchev has just
stOrmed through the KremIin
halls like an efficiency expert
chOpping the dead wood out Of
the home office. As a result the
Soviet command bulges with
new faces. But in none Ofthem
does the West see an answer TO
its favOrite question: After X,
who?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-16
By GEORGE SYVERTSEN
Associated Press Staff Writer

MOSCOW.-Premier Khru-
shchev, in a major shakeup. has
let lot of old horses go and add
ed many new ones to his team at
the top of the Soviet hierarchy.
But he still seems to have a firm
grip on the reins.
The Soviet leader still wears
more hats than any of his col
leagues. His jobs include:
St. Paul recorder., 1962-05-11
Ramsey County Republican
Women Elect Officers

look at the names of the officers of the
Ramsey County Womens Republican club indicates
that the arch conservative Goldwater-tinged crowd
is running the show.
The president of the Ramsey County
Women's Republican Club is an arch foe of public
housing in ST. Paul. The poor people of the nation
need public housing and it has helped the communit
les in which it has been built.
Listed as second Wce-presdent of the club is
Mrs Shirley Rehnwan who did everything in her
power to defeat the state fair housing bill in the
legislature and worked hard to keep the st. Paul
city council from passing fair housing ordinance.
These women were elected at Kickoff" for
the Congress candidacy of Harry Strong for the
Fourth district seat now held by Joseph Karth. If
the elected officers of the club mentioned re-
Election of the thinking of the entire club the organ
izaton will win few votes for Strong in the final
contest with Karth dedicated liberal.
st. Paul is too forward a looking city to con-
tinue to deny low income residents the benefits of
public housing The city's majority still basically
supports civil rights such the right to live where
one wants to. We only hope the Republican
Women's organization does not whole subscribe
to the Stone-Age Goldwaterian principles that we
see in at least two of it's officers.