davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-04-15
Reluctantly

The tests are being resumed
with the greatest reluctance. The
United States and Britain have
offered to cancel them if the So
Wet Union signs a treaty that al
lows limited inspections of suS-
pected underground explosions.
The Soviet Union calls any in
spections espionage" and says
that national detection systems
can pinpoint any such explosions
without needing international
verification.
Last week, the United States
and Britain sent another request
to the Russians for a controlled
treaty. but as expected, Premier
Khrushchev rejected it. The Rus
slams, apparently wanting to
blame the West for any future
Soviet tests, asked for anogher
uncontrolled moratorium. This,
too. was rejected.
The test resumption will step
up the arms race. but it is not
known what effect it will have
Evening star., 1962-04-15
The Foreign Scene

on Israeli fishing boats several
illogical. to say the least Israel
has existed and prospered from its
creation in 1948, and its borders
are guaranteed by the United
Nations.
More than that, IsraelS army
has proved its ability in two major
clashes: In 1948 when it defeated
invading Arab forces and in 1856,
when it invaded Egypt and routed
Nasser's forces.
Logically, the Arab states should
recognize Israel Cno Arab land
has and join with her in regional
cooperation. Logic, however. does
not explain the Middle East.
The strongest theological forces
in the Arab world, emanating
from rival radios in Cairo and
Baghdad, are for Arab unity"
and Arab nationalist-socialism.
One of the chief means used by
Arab leaders especially Nasser-
to attract support to their side is
the incesSant anti-Israel cam
paign.
For an Arab leader to say a
king word about Israel would
mean his downfall, and probably
his death. The result has been a
continual war Of nerves between
Israel and the Arab world.
The latest flare-up occurred on
March 1918 when Israeli troops
attacked Syrian Notifications
along the Sea of Galilee, on Is
rael's northeast border. The sea is
within Israeli territory and Israel
claims that Syrian forces from
positions on a hill above had fired
times in February and March.
Israel said it brought the mat
Evening star., 1962-04-15

on international relations in gen.
eral.
The key East-West issue is the
German-Berlin question. In re-
cent weeks, the West has noted
a more conciliatory tone in Soviet
informal and public statements
on Berlin. The Russians have
seemed to accept, in principle. the
allied demand for international
control of the Berlin access
routes.
The improved tone led Gen.
Lucius D. Clay, Mr.. Kennedy's rep
resentative in Berlin. to say in
Washington that tensions were
lower than they had been for
some time" Mr.. Clay's departure
from Berlin was sumptomatic of
the improved state of affairs.
Mr.. Rusk and Mr.. Dobrynin will
discuss the Berlin issue during a
series of talks beginning tomor-
row. The content of such talks
generally are secret. but the West
German government apparently
leaked the Vests position to re-
porterS in Bonn Friday.
Evening star., 1962-04-15
Fear of Soviet

The United States and Great
Britain traditionally want stabil-
ity in the Middle East. They fear
an all-out war that would bring
the Soviet Union into the oil-rich
area. Thus, they argue that Is
rael should not have "retaliated"
so sharply, but should have put
up with the Syrian provocations.
Israel backed by France-ar-
gued that this strategy implies
weakness, and might lead the
Arabs to start war, which such
reprisals prevent. The Soviet
Union, as the Arabs big brother
in the Security Council. asked for
severe action against Israel, but
finally voted for the compromise
resolution. The meaure accused
Israel of fragrant Violations" !"
and chastised Syria for taking part
in hostilities.
Evening star., 1962-04-15

Continued From Page B-1
constitutional lawyer, argued with
the Attorney General. He said
that in his opinion the bill under
consideration was unconstitutional
and, agreeing that some Negroes
had been unfairly prevented from
registering to vote. suggested that
"all those cases would be cleared
up by a few good old fashioned
criminal prosecutions.
The bill is slated to reach the
Senate floor right after Easter. 1t
is there that the battle of words
will take place. And long battle
it may be. The Southern bloc
warmed up a bit for this one dur
ing the poll-tax debate, members
Of the group holding the floor for
II days. In 1860, when another
voting rights bill was UP, the
Southerners kept the debate going
from February Is to April 8. That
provides a clue.
Evening star., 1962-04-15
The Tragic B|under That Was the Cuban Invasion

fishing air supremacy over the
landing area was ignored and
provisions were not made for over
the-beach supply.
Castro simply rolled his tanks
and artillery into position and
plastered the invaders. His re-
naming armed jet trainers swept
the skies clean of opposition and
then concentrated on the ground
troops.
Only one thing could have saved
the invasion force: United States
jets armed with rockets and jellied
gasoline, both effective against
tanks, ground personnel and ar
tillery. They never appeared.
A few of the invaders escaped
the deadly beach. OF the total
force, 1,214 were captured. The
others were killed.
Pro-Castro Cubans were elated.
The Colossus of the North" had
suffered an ignominous defeat. In
nation after nation there were
anti United States demonstra-
tions.
In the aftermath Of the fiaSco,
Castro was able to tighten his
already strong grip on the people.
An Economic Program
On April 80, ErneSto (Che)
Guevarra, Castro's economic ad-
wiser, outlined a four-year plan
to make Cuba independent eco
nomically. He said there were 157
Communist technicianS, including
70 Russians, in the country to
help. More have come since.
On May l, Castro declared Cuba
socialist" nation and said there
would be no more elections. Since
the people we're running the coun-
try, he said, who needed elections?
Even before the abortive in
vasion, however, the United States
had recognized the danger in
Latin America of Castros appeal
to the poverty stricken and his
defiance Of the rich and powerful
United States.
This recognition led President
Kennedy to create the Alliance for
Progress in March, 1861.
Ultimately, the United States
set up a $40 billion program of
loans or grants mostly loanS-to
Latin American countries over the
next 10 years.
This program had not had time
to make much impact, though,
when the invasion occurred.
After the invasion, Castro Of
fered to swap his prisoners to
the United States for bulldozers.
The Troctor Deal
A committee was formed to free
the prisoners by providing Castro
with 500 light agricultural tractors.
There weren't 500 heavy duty bull
dozers in the country available
for export.
Castro held out for bulldozers
and the swap fell through.
In the wake of the invasion,
Evening star., 1962-04-15
Local Hearings

- Meanwhile, there were these
other developments in the civil
rights field last week:
o The Civil Rights Commission
opened hearings here on the
nature of discrimination in hous-
ing in the District of Columbia
and its suburbs. Particular atten-
ton is being given to the problem
of African diplomats seeking
apartments and houses in wealth.
ier neighborhoods.
. Two Negro leaders chastised
President Kennedy for his rec
ord in behalf Of rights for
members of their race.
Roy Wilkins, executive secre-
Evening star., 1962-04-15

The United States, through the
Central Intelligence Agency. began
recruiting anti-Castro Cubans.
In the jungleS of Guatemala
and elsewhere, a Cuban liberation
force. $500 strong, took shape.
They were given United States
arms and trained by United States
agents.
But all was not we'll within
the anti-Castro forces. Some for
mer BatiSta adherentS were
given command functions. They
wrangled with those who had
opposed Batista.
Among the refugees there was
no unity-and still isn't.
There was total absence of a
political program for Cuba, one
which might draw Cubans away
from Castro.
The Doy of the Move
And then it was April IT, the day
the United States-backed forces
were to begin the overthrow of
the new tyrant.
Two days before, some World
War II B-26 bombers had at
tackled Castro'S airfields, knock
ing out four Of Castro's United
States-made T-33 training jets.
Now couple of rust-bucket
cargo ships were standing off the
Bay of Pigs with the main in
vasion force. This beach had a
Singroad leading to a junction
that spread into the heart of
Cuba.
These 1,500 men had come to
do battle with CaStro's tank
equipped forces, we'll supported by
artillery. They landed at a point
that was quickly and easily
reachable by Castro's reserve
forces.
The fact that an invasion was
imminent was no secret. The ref
ugees talked freely. United States
newspapers printed stories and
pictures OF men training.
Apparently the invaders as
sumed the Cuban people would
rise and join them. There was a
flaw in the assumption. Nobody
had told the people the invasion
was actually in progress and the
time to act was now.
Invosion Teehniques
The United States has a mas
Sive literature on Ship-to-shore
operations. The techniques had
been tested successfully in the
Pacific island campaigns of World
War II, at Omaha Beach in Nor
mandy, in Sicily, North Africa and
Korea.
But post-invaSion reports in
dicated the invasion ships weren't
even loaded for combat. One ship
carried the bulk of the invaders
armor, communications equip
ment and antitank guns. 1t was
a neat package. 1t was sunk.
These same reports similarly in
dicated the necessity Of estab-
Evening star., 1962-04-15
By WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

JAIPUR, India. - I have just
sashayed up to Amber Palace, a
medieval maharaja's castle on
hilltop overlooking the Indian
countryside south of New Delhi.
Rampiyari, queen of the Japur
elephants, was my taxi.
No one interested in the science
of movement should fail to ride
an elephant at lease once in his
life. Rampiyari sashays as no liv-
ing being has sashayed since Cleo
Of the street to the other.
How Its Done
It is a positive and decisive
motion. each step having the air
Of being positively her last. It is
not that she is tired; she is just
fed up with tourists who want to
make like maharajas. She has to
be constantly reminded of the i'm
portance of earning foreign ex-
change.
Rampiyari and her mates do, in
point Of fact, make a significant
contribution to Indian tourism,
which last year drew we'll over
100000 visitors to this fascinating
land Of the OK cart and the camel,
the cobra and the panther.
Tourist income already an es-
timated $25 million a year could
eventually be an important source
of development capital for India.
Rampiyari sashayed more or
less to the rhythm, but it was
obvious she was bored. Tourists,
smoorists, she seemed to be say
ing; they could all go jump in
the Brahmaputra.
An Amber PoIoce
Amber Palace, the ostensible
reason for climbing the hill, is
the place from which the local
Evening star., 1962-04-15

with increased guidance from
known Communists. he moved
steadily to the left.
In the plush Havana hotels,
once swarming with American
tourists, Russian and Red Chinese
trade missions appeared.
Steadily. the 81 billion annual
trade between the United States
and Cuba dwindled as the United
States Government, more and
Evening star., 1962-04-15
The National Scene

tary Of the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People. criticized the Kennedy
administration for following IAN
appeasement policy on civil rights"
and not pressing for legislation
the President promised in the
campaign of 1860.
The Rev. DR.. Martin Luther
King accused the President of not
providing the leadership the rights
problem d m n d ds-"forthright,
vigorous leadership"
Evening star., 1962-04-15

One year has now passed, or
Will have next Tuesday. since the
photographer immortalized Castro.
bearded and wearing a green
United States made field jacket
in the tank turret.
The mists Of dawn had given
way to brilliant sunlight and the
waters in the large coastal
indentation known as the Bay Of
Pigs sparkled in shades of deep
blue and blended into the light
green of the shadows.
Castro had come into power
27l2 months earlier For two long
years before that he had carried
on a guerrilla war against the
corrupt tyranny of Fulgencio Ba-
tista, a man who had been given
considerable United States aid in
the name Of anti-communism.
In those 271a months, Castro
had seized the vast holdings Of
foreigners valued in the billions.
promising to pay with 20-year
bonds bearing 4 per cent interest.
Land Reform Program
He had begun a vast land re-
form program. established indus
trial and agricultural cooper
atives. With great fanfare he set
UP schools. inaugurated a slum
clearance program, drove the gam
blers, dope peddlerS and prosti-
tutes into hiding-or into more
legitimate activities.
The corrupt in the old govern
ment he arrested wholesale and
imprisoned. The brutal strong
arm men Of the BatiSta regime
he had shot.
At long last the people felt they
were free. The hungry ate happily
most of the blooded breeding
stock of the vast, foreign owned
ranches.
Castro did something else, too.
He established a 00,000-man mi
litia force and armed them
initially with left over Unite d
States equipment.
Throughout these 15la months,
Evening star., 1962-04-15
The u. NJ:
For the Record

The Security Council, by a
vote of 10 to 0, censured Israel
last week for its reprisal raid
on Syrian Notifications last
month.
Ask almost any Arab diplomat
about the Israel question:" and
the answer inevitably will be the
same: There will be no solution
until Israel is destroyed"
To non-Arab, the reply seems
Evening star., 1962-04-15

ter to the attention of the U. N.
armistice team In Israel. but the
firing continued. To protect its
rights, Israel said it had no al
tentative but to wipe out the gun
emplacementS.
Syria's motivation in shooting at
the fishermen is unknown, but it
probably was an attempt by the
army to flex its muscles before
its military coup d'etat two weeks
later.
Since the fighting was over by
the time the Security Council acted
last week, the debate was mainly
for the record.
Evening star., 1962-04-15

position. The firing squads worked
overtime and at least 639 people
the known count-were stood
against prison walls and shot.
The police state came to Cuba,
pref Castro population, SIS million.
Out of Cuba came doctors,
agronomists, statesmen, mechanics.
managers and engineers. In time,
about 250,000 refugees accumu-
lated in Miami.
Evening star., 1962-04-15

more convinced Of CaStro's anti
American, pro Communist at
titudes, applied economic pres
sures. especially by denying Cuba
access to the American sugar
market.
Some CubanS who had once
supported Castro began accusing
him of betraying the revolution.
Castro's militia ruthlessly and
Systematically stamped out op-
Evening star., 1962-04-15
India: Elephants ond Prosperity

maharajas ruled this part Of
India from the 10th to the 18th
centuries, collaborating with the
Mogul emperors whose capital
was at Agra, some $50 miles away.
It was at Agra that Shah Jehan
built the Tai Mahal.
Along about ITO. Maharaja
Sawai Jai Singh spent half his
treasury building a fancy new
wing for Amber Palace, complete
with cross ventilation, air condi-
tioning (air forced over running
water), a splash pool for his
harem and a plush hall Of
pleasure.
No sooner was it finished than
one of his wives got bored with
the view and made him up and
move-bag, baggage and harem-
to Jaipur, five miles away.
Not only that, but being, like
many another woman, decorator
at heart, she insisted that all
the buildings in Jaipur be painted
pink-or built Of red sandstone,
to much the same end.
To this day, Jaipur is pink
city. The hue has been purposely
perpetuated in each successive
painting.
Descendont Still Lives
Singh's ninth-generation de-
scendant, Maharaja Sawai Man
Singh, still lives in Jaipur. Like
India's other 600-odd maharajas,
he no longer has any political
power. But his wife, the Maharani,
runs for Parliament a ticket
opposed to Prime Minister Java
harlal Nehru-and gets elected.
Maharajas are rated in impor-
tance by the number Of guns
they receive in a salute when
they visit Delhi.
Salutes may be given only on
weekdays. Many a maharaja, his
Evening star., 1962-04-15

Teddy ROOsevelt's success Sc
cret involved a big stick and
soft talk. The United States
tried the big stick at the Bay
of Pigs and struck nothing but
a painful blow to its prestige.
But a year since the Cuban in
vasion has shown what a little
talking can do.
Evening star., 1962-04-15

train pulling into Delhi on Sum-
day, will refuse to get off. sleep
ing another night in his berth
and then descending with full
pomp and ceremony on Monday
morning, guns roaring.
Most tourists hire an automo-
bile for the trip from Delhi to Jai-
pur, some 200 miles. It is one of
the widest drives in the world,
Native chauffeurs hurtle down the
one-lane highway toward each
other at so to so m.p.h., swerying
aside onto the shoulders at the
last possible minute - each man
playing chicken" with his ad-
verSary.
On Left Side Of Road
Since cars still drive on the left
hand side Of the road in India
(When there are two sides to the
road each swerve is in the op-
posite direction from the one most
tourists are mentally making on
the wheel. They die a thousand
head-on deaths.
In addition, there are as road
hazards oxcarts, buffalos, goats.
donkeyS, camels, cows and as
sorted pedestrians all utterly in
different to the age Of the wheel.
India however, loses few of her
tourists. The government is pro-
gressively making excellent pro-
vision for them, as a matter of
fact.
History and nature help. There
are few more spectacular sights
in the world than the Tai Mahal.
Kashmir has beauty Of another
kind. There is tiger hunting for
the adventure seeker.
And Rampiyari, with her unique
sashay, will continue to lure anna
teur maharajas to Jaipur. Bored
or not, she is a factor in India's
economic future.
Evening star., 1962-04-15
BY Benz PRICE
Associated Press Staff Writer

For Fidel Castro April II was
a great day. He had his picture
taken in the gun turret of tank,
the very model Of a grim and
weary, but triumphant military
man.
Castro-and communism won
that day. The United States
lost. But that was only battle.
The war goes on.
Evening star., 1962-04-15
An Amber PoIoce

Amber Palace, the ostensible
reason for climbing the hill, is
the place from which the local
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

: Are you furnishing your
first home?
If you are a prospective
homemaker, curb the impulse
to furnish your home COM
pletely as soon as you are
married, advises one interior
designer.
Many newlyweds. furnish
iall rooms with inexpensive
Furnishings, spreading the
money so thin that they
cannot possibly achieve quail
sity. No matter how much
money one has. ! believe it
is better to start with a plan,
allocating the bulk Of the
money to living room or den
and dining room, the rooms
you may want to use for en-
pertaining"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

you have now or one you will
have later. The basic look
can take on any look you de-
sire In the future.
you may want stark con-
temporary or a Louis XIV
look the next time around.
A new fabric cover, abstract
or a period silk damask, will
give it the character of the
period you are trying to
create"
Choose other furnishings
with the same idea in mind,
he says. Simple Gabrielle or
directoire legs on end tables
and chairs will go with just
about anything, he points
out. A mid-Victorian chair
with French legs may be
covered in a French toile and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03
Curb Home Furnishing Impulse
By VIVIAN BROWN

More consideration should
be given to selecting basic
upholstered pieces in the
beginning than smaller es-
sentials, he points out. Up
holstered pieces should be
bought for keeps.
Avoid Free Form
tits a mistake to buy a
curving free-form sofa that
just fits in one certain cor
ner of your house or apart
ment. especially if you plan
to expand to a new home
within a few years." he says.
1T is better to buy a tradi-
tional basic six or seven-foot
sofa with simple, pure lines
which will fit in the home
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

worked into a French coun-
try room. Plaids can give it
a contemporary look.
Care in Dining Room
Spend money wisely in the
dining room, he says.
Instead of buying q six
or seven-piece suite Of dining
room furniture. invest in q
good pedestal table or oblong
table with leaves. Choose a
handsome set Of chairs. 1t is
not necessary that they
match the table. A good look
ing Sideboard may be created
by using a long marble slab
held up by two or three
brackets. One can put a din
ing room cabinet in the living
room until more funds are
accumulated and something
else can replace it. Then it
could be moved to the dining
room"
The wall over the sofa is
the ideal place for good art,
he says, but few people can
afford it in the first home.
IF you can't afford good
paintings, do the area in
good prints. Keep replacing
them with better art as you
go along. You must build and
grow. I have never known
anybody whose taste hasn't
changed, most of the time
for the better" he says.
Research Suggested
The designer suggests visit
ing museums and libraries
to acquaint yourself with
furnishings you choose so
that you know what goes
with the style or period you
prefer.
Zone must do research to
create the proper atmosp-
here. Love every piece you
purchase instead Of buying
it to fill up space. You will
have your basic sofa. but
chairs. console or cabinets
should fit in with the period"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

THE lakewood Enormous
living room,' more than 16i SQUARED
3 bedrooms include 14I master bed
room! 2 full baths, 10, finished
recreation room. 2 separate storage
attics' basement storage space in
cluded in price. 4th bedroom. u
bath. utility room available. S24 $50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

Selection of Models IL Exterior Variations
Priced from $2475O
A beautiful, wooded custom-look community
IL minutes from Connecticut Avenue . 10 minutes
from Rockville Pike in Bethesda 2h minutes from
Montrose Road, Bethesda
Just moments from spectacular Interstate Highway
70 mo. 240) So convenient to new Acc Bureau Of
Standards, and other research organizations.
MARYLAND'S FIRST COMPLETELY PRE-PLANNED
COMMUNITY! Includes olympic-size swimming pool
easily accessible shopping center
so MANY UNEXPECTED LUXURIES ALL INCLUDED
IN THE Low BASE PRICE! Noored storage attics
in every home Huge towering trees Easements
with extra-high ceilings Famous make LAWSON
GLASS-LINED hot-water heater Silent push-button
electric switches.
All brick masonry, including gables,
Three coats Of paint on all finished woodwork
Full 2"x4" partitions full 2"x1O" floor joists
full W. wallboard on walls well as ceilings
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

THE lockwood center-hall
Colonial with family-size kitchen,
spacious living room-dining room,
downstairs powder room. Three
twin-sized bedrooms and two full
baths upstairs. Large basement. Old
fashioned storage attic and porch.
800
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

"ABovE: THE GLENBROOK
the heme you will never outsrowI
Traditional center-hall Colonial with
twin-size bedrooms. 2 full baths
upstairs first-floor study and pow
der room, huge living room with
fireplace. full storage attic and
basement. terrace or patio. $4,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-03

Directions: From Washington cross any
bridge to Shirley Highway (Rt. 35o),
turn off OF Columbia Pike sign, follow
Columbia Pike 7 miles to GoIIows Rd.,
AnnondoIe, Virginia, turn right OF AGP
store third mile to furnished homes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-28
LOTS, ACREAGE WANTED

GROUND ANY SIZE
Suitable for development OF apart
ment building.
Zoned or chance Of re-zoning.
Top price. Call Mr.. Bsrba A34-377.
or FE. $1,000.
JAMES l. DIXON & CO., Realtors
ST. $3.50
CASH 24.HoUR SERVICE
NO COMMISSION