davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-05-24
Attack on Highways

There should be no miSunderStand-
ing about the intentions of those who
are asking the House District Appropria-
tionS Subcommittee for delay" in the
District freeway program Their true
goal is not to seek brief poStponement,
but for variety Of reasons to scuttle
as many as possible of the major radial
and circumferential freewayS which are
eSsential-along with an effective Sys-
tenn Of rapid tranSit-to the growth and
well-being of the Washington commu-
nifty.
Nor is the attack being waged at
the current night sessions of the sub
committee a new one. Essentially these
are the same protests which were
weighed by the District Commissioners
several months ago, and which they
wisely rejected at that time.
OF the various charges, there is one
to which the District government is
legitimately vulnerable, and on which
corrective measures must be taken
promptly. This is the absence of ma
chinery to assure that the needy families
to be displaced by the massive highway
projects will be adequately rehouSed.
Up to this point the need for such ma
chinery has not been great. Now, how
ever, as the time approaches for con-
struction of various sections of the inner
loop freeway, the necessity Of a more
adequate program is obvious Families
In need of help who are displaced by
highways should have the same kind of
assistance given those rehoused from
urban renewal projects.
Fortunately, this conclusion has
been reached by the Commissioners, who
on April IA ordered the development of
a central relocation service. Since these
expenditures are legitimately a part of
the cost of highways, they should be
borne in part by Federal highway aid
funds, as President Kennedy has pro-
posed for the Nation as a whole, and as
already is provided by law for urban
renewal. The Commissioners should
expedite both the administrative and
the legislative steps necessary to effect
uate such program. The fact that an
adequate relocation service is only in
the development stages is no justifica-
ton, however, for halting the freeway
appropriations.
Nor are the other points raised by
the opponents Of the program before
the hatcher subcommittee. There is
nothing on the record to suggest that
the rapid-tranSit proposals to be sub
mitted to Congress in November will
affect the need for the inner loop. On
the other hand, delay in those portions
Of the inner loop which have come under
such strong attack, including the So
called Interchange C" in Southeast
Washington, would disrupt the entire
program Of freeways OF course the op-
ponentS Of major highway construction
in Washington know this. That is why
they have selected their targets so care
fully
Evening star., 1962-05-24
SoIinger's Mission

The AP wirephoto showing
our White House Press Secre-
tary, Mr.. Salinger, privily
conversing with the Premier
of the Soviet Union while
shooting skeet at the lat
ter's dacha outside Moscow
looks like a scene from "Twas
the Night Before Christmas. "
Needless to say, it must be
a great comfort to the slaves
in the Captive Nations to see
this exhibit of friendly CO.
operation and camaraderie at
skeet with the assurance
that nothing more than
cultural relations" was dis
cussed. 1t proves that diplo-
macy. as practiced at pre-
sent, seems similar to the
practice of robbing banks in
bygone days. All one had to
do for cementing friendship
with the James Boys was
show them the bank.
The real problem land
there is a difference in will
lingness to discuss mutual
problems, reasonableness and
stupidity is getting our
juveniles out of the jam jar
before they get a lot Of
cockroaches in the house.
George S. Richardson, MI
Roswell, N. M.
Evening star., 1962-05-24
Unofficial ENJOYS

If our State Department is
in such bad shape that the
President has to use the un-
trained members of his own
family and staff to run our
foreign affairs. why do we
not do something about it?
How many China. Korea,
Cuba and Laos fiascos does it
take to wake us up? Just re-
member it is the taxpayers
who support that burgeoning
State Department, and foot
the bills in millions Cor maybe
1t is billions) for its stupidity
repeated mistakes, as well as
for all these unframed and
unauthorized ENJOYS en-
ployed at presidential whim.
Wake up. my fellow citizens.
before it is too late! If you
and I do not speak up pretty
soon we shall find we have
no right to speak. Let us be-
gin to roar our disapproval
of all this homegrown totali-
tarianism right now. 1t is
still in our hands to have the
kind of government we want
in this country If we shake
off our lethargy and demand
it.
Ruth d. Meyer.
Evening star., 1962-05-24
No Corruption Found

The brief report of the special Fair
fax County grand jury which has been
investigating complaints growing out
of the rezoning of the Merrywood prop
erty stays within the restrictions i'm
posed by Circuit Judge Paul E. Brown.
In substance, he told the grand
jurors that their function was to in
veStigate suggestions that corruption
was involved in the rezoning, but that
they were not to concern themselves
with zoning policy or a political fight
The judge also ruled out conflict-of-
interest complaints, stating that these
complaints, even if true, would not con-
stitute crime.
AS result, the grand jury, after
questioning some 80 witnesses, including
all Of the principal complainants, has
reported that it could find no evidence
of corruption, and we have no doubt
that this comportS with the facts of
the situation.
Two things, however, are left up in
the air. One is the contention that Sher-
if John Taylor was guilty of conflict
Of interest by acting as broker in the
sale of the property complaint that
was advanced even though Mr.. Taylor
openly has been in the real estate buSi-
ness for many years. If this matter is
to be pursued, however, it presumably
will have to be done through the civil
suit for Slander which he said he may
file.
The other is the refusal of the Fair
fax Board of Supervisors, by 4 to 3
vote, to adopt recommendation that
the county's policy should be to preserve
the Potomac valley in its natural state.
1t has been said that the rezoning in the
Merrywood case was due to special cir
cumStanceS, and was not to be taken as
precedent for future zoning changes.
One could have much more confidence
in this, however, had the county board
adopted the proposed policy.
Evening star., 1962-05-24
Estes Case

One of the more disgust
ing aspects of the Billie Sol
Estes case is the apparent
genuine belief of gift-takers
that they did no wrong. The
public, too, is asked to be-
lieve that the gifts were
merely expressions Of per-
sonal friendship in the same
category. say, as a l0-cent
greeting card-and could in
no way influence official de-
cisions. Such rationalizations,
if they strike responsive
chords in the public mind,
will help hasten the decay
of this Nation.
If Americans continue to
be apathetic about question
able ethics and consider it all
a part of the game Of politics
or business, then we share
guilt because of our silent
tolerance of evil. Cases such
as this one should bring a
deluge of mail to Congress.
I wonder If it will.
OF course, one of the best
ways to guard against more
cases of this type would be to
reduce the Federal Govern
ment's bloated spending pro-
grams.
Violet Palmer
Evening star., 1962-05-24
Action On Crime Front

There was plenty of action on the
law-enforcement front as the police
opened a new week in their war on
crime in Washington. Their efforts
netted eight men-one of them shot IA
tally by police-charged with armed rob-
berries or yokings, including the long
sought "butcher-knife bandit" And,
judging from the evidence against the
suspects, the public can breathe a bit
easier now that they are out of circula-
tion, for the time being at least. All
in all, the record indicates that pains
taking, persistent police work pays off.
Police had good cause to be happy
over their capture of Roy Mitchell, who,
they say, confessed to many store hold
ups committed over three-year period.
Always he wore stocking over his head
and brandiShed big butcher knife as
he ordered his victim-uSually woman
clerk-to give him the contents of the
cash register. Police collected a number
of stockings and knives he had discarded
during some 40 holdups, but no finger
prints were found on any Of the knives
until his latest robbery last Saturday.
Perhaps he had grown careless, for this
time an identifiable print was found
which, police say, matched one of a
set of Mitchell'S prints taken when he
was convicted of housebreaking in 1855.
His arrest followed soon after, ending
an investigation on which police had
spent nearly $4,000 man-hours of inten-
Sive work.
Earlier other police had picked up
three men alleged to have held up a
Hot Shoppe restaurant on May 10, during
which they pistol-whipped an employe.
And to make the record more impressive,
Evening star., 1962-05-24
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Mother Dust Fills Star Universe
By THOWAS r. HENRI

specialists is considering the
effect on man of high gravity
acceleration and similar
stresses in order to review the
current state of knowledge in
this field and define the most
urgent objectives for further
Investigations. The findings
are expected to be available
some time this year.
THE man-in-space COM
mittee also plans to consider
other important factors such
as weightlessness, disorienta-
ton, the gaseous environment
and temperature considera-
tions in q manned space
craft"
Other Objectives
In the same report the
Space Science Board stresses
the need of "a satellite that
can be used for fundamental
geodetic Investigations. Such
a satellite would supply with
immediacy and directness,
data for scientific objectives
falling into three broad cate
gories:
Establishment Of a world
wide coordinate system into
which all land masses would
be placed with a precision
about 10 times greater than
at present.
Mapping of the coarser
structure Of the earth's gravi-
rational field, which is the
only way to locate regions
above or below normal density
in the earth's interior.
Discovery of possible vari-
ations of the so-called 'gravi-
rational constant with time,
position or direction which
certain physical theories pre-
dict and which would pro-
foundly alter our views of the
universe"
The board also is compil-
ing everything known up to
now on atmospheres of the
planets. concerning which
there remain important un-
knowns over which there has
been much dispute.
Evening star., 1962-05-24
THE POLITICAL MILL
Medical Care Political Issue
BY GOULD LINCOLN

are working. and in q stead
lily increasing manner. is
shown by the fact that In the
month Of February, 1861,
there were 1858 cases paid
for through the program, at
a cost of $3,852. 900 and with
an average outlay of $206 per
case, while in February, 1862,
the number of cases had in
creased to 78,433, at a cost
of S16,021 .467 and an average
payment per case Of $204.27.
Going back to November,
1860, not long after enact
ment of the Kerr-Mills law,
with only three States then
participating, the number Of
cases was 11,806, the cost
$2.255, 800, the average pay
ment $191.06. The argument
is now advanced by oppon-
ents of the Kennedy admin
istration bill (the Anderson
King bilD that, given more
time, the medical care of the
aged who need it and cannot
pay for it will be properly
handled under the Kerr
Mills law.
Opposing Arguments
The Kennedy administration
goes so far as to say that
the Kerr-Mills law can op-
crate along with the Ander-
son-King bill-that it will fill
in gaps left in the admins
tration's program. For the
Anderson-King bill will not
cover those persons IS years
and over who are not covered
by Social Security. Some
three of four million of these
people do not come under
Social Security. On the other
hand, the Kerr-Mills law does
not discriminate between the
old persons who have Social
Security and those who do
not.
Opponents Of the Kennedy
bill are strongly against fur
ther Capitalization of Gov
ernment in Washington, as
the Anderson-King bill will
do. Further, they insist that
the Kennedy bill will be a
large step along the road to
"socialized medicine" in the
country, with the Federal
Government sticking its nose
into all kinds of medical care
rendered by doctors. In addi-
ton, they contend that under
the Anderson-King bill, mil
lions Of older persons who do
not really need aid will re-
ceive it. This argument is
brushed aside by the sup
porters of the administra-
tion bill.
The situation in Congress
today raises grave doubt that
votes on the Anderson-King
bill will be reached in the
present session. The Ways
and Means Committee of the
House is jammed with tax
and trade legislation and also
proposals to raise the ma
tional debt limit. Also a ma
jority Of the committee is re-
ported hostile to the bill and
unwilling to report it out.
There may be an attempt in
the Senate to attach the bill
not yet considered by the
Finance Committee-to some
other tax measure, as a de-
vice for getting a record vote
in both houses. But whether
the President gets his bill or
not, he will have his issue in
the campaign.
Evening star., 1962-05-24
Dave Beck's Guilt

Your editorial Dave
Beck's Guilt" demonstrated
the same misunderstanding
of Justices Black and Douglas,
and indeed of the basis of
the entire American judicial
system. as has led, in the
past, to serious miscarriages
Of justice, and even to a mis-
conception. like yours, of the
true significance Of that very
phrase. miscarriage of JUS
tice." 1t is defined legally as
a prejudice of the substantial
rights Of a party-not of the
State or society, but of an
individual. There Is slight
danger of society being sub
stantially injured by the nom
failing of a guilty man, espe-
cially If that man can only
injure society through his
power and influence over
others. He is not stopped
either in jail or out unless
such power and influence are
Stunned by society itself.
But society can and will
suffer great injury, not only
by the falling Of an innocent
man. but, worse still, by a
dismissal Of our time-proven
methods Of determining guilt.
Thus the real issue here was
not the guilt or innocence of
Dave Beck. Our Anglo-Saxon
law commands that neither
the press nor the public can
judge that any more than the
Supreme Court can. The only
issue was the impartiality Of
Beck'S grand jury. Even II
guilty, he is as entitled as
anyone, regardless of race,
color, creed, or public dis
appreciation, to a fair and
impartial" hearing. Our his
tory has demonstrated that
the only way to achieve this
is by an orderly and formal
trial before impartial peers,
and not by arbitrary accusa-
tions (even If true) by the
press nor especially by politi.
ally-motivated men with pow.
erful instruments of suasion
The most precious liberty still
left, and indeed the distinc-
ton between democracy and
totalitarianism, is that of
freedom from hasty and
biased community or govern
mental censure. When we
lose that, we have arrived in
1884.
This is what Justices Black
and Douglas have been fight
ing against. The danger to
society Of a guilty man going
free is far outweighed by the
danger Of the conviction of
an innocent man, and, more
Importantly, by the danger of
an eroding away of democ-
racy's fundamental precept
that. Every man is innocent
until proven guilty" and its
necessary corollary that pre-
judicial or unfair or impartial
proof is legally and morally
equivalent to no proof at all.
Ted PierSOn, jr.
Evening star., 1962-05-24
Freedom to Prov

A fine editorial in The
Star Of April S entitle d
Freedom to Pray" tells of
the efforts Of S parents with
children in schools Of Hyde
Park. Long Island, to try to
have the Supreme Court de-
clare unconstitutional a %
word daily prayer recon-
mended by the New York
State Board of Regents for
its public schools. 1t is hard
to see how the following
simple little prayer could be
objected to by Christians of
any denomination, Jews,
MoSlems. or any persons con-
Scious Of the existence Of a
Supreme Being-Creator, Fa-
ther, or an unseen Power of
Love and Good:
Almighty God. We ac-
knowledge our dependence
upon Thee-and we beg Thy
blessings upon us, our par
ents, our teachers and our
country"
In the May Is Star. an
article describes the petition
of an atheist, Mrs. Madalyn
E. Murray with her SON
a ninth grade studenD to
have the Supreme Court de-
clare unconstitutional a Bal
timore School Board regula-
ton for a daily classroom
opening exercise of a Bible
reading and recitation of the
Lords Prayer. 1t is not suf-
ficient that her son-or any
other child-may be excused
by written request of the
parents. Because of her per-
Sonal objections, she seeks to
destroy the opportunity Of
all the school children in
Baltimore to find inspiration,
knowledge and comfort in a
few moments together before
beginning their studies each
day. They are not forced to
join these services-nor are
they asked to sign any
pie dgeS or commitments.
They are perfectly free to be
or to become -agnoSticS,
atheists, Communists or Just
juvenile delinquents - ac-
cording to the influence and
desires of their parents.
Where is there a violation
of their constitutional rights2
One point which might be
of interest is that the fine,
expensive private schools of
our country-to which many
parents through years
OF planning and financial
sacrifice, are able to send
their children-often have
their own chapels and a
course of religious instruc-
ton as we'll as daily prayer.
The thought that our public
school children should be
forbidden to pray for them
selves, their parents, their
teachers and their country is
almost unbearable.
Let all of us who believe
in an Almighty God" pray
that the Supreme Court of
our country will maintain
our children's freedom to
pray-whether they attend
our public schools on Long
Island-or in our own Free
State Of Maryland.
Elizabeth Hempstone.
Evening star., 1962-05-24

About half the mass of the
two-billion star universe con-
sists Of tiny particles drifting
about in the space between
the stars.
These grains have diam
eters ranging from 1,000th,
to l00,000th of a centimeter
and would be just visible
under a microscope. To the
naked eye, space would be
completely empty. Out Of
concentrations OF these drift
ing particles stars constantly
are born.
This picture is presented
in a report to the National
Academy Of Sciences by DR..
Jay A. Glasel Of the Univer-
sity Of California.
While it never has been
possible to obtain any sam
pie of this elemental mother
dust" DR.. Glasel says, it
generally is considered to
consist Of simple materials
such as water, ammonia and
methane, or marsh gas.
Comets which exist in in
terstellar space are much
larger bodies but are believed
to have a similar compost
ton.
Temperature Estimates
The temperature of inter-
stellar space is estimated at
somewhere from ten to 100
degrees above absolute zero.
The particles continuously
are traversed by all sorts of
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS., protons
and ultraviolet light.
DR.. Glasel's report deals
with what probably would
happen to such particles over
millenniums at such tenn
perature and bonn bar d e d
with such radiation. He re-
ports laboratory experiments
in which efforts were made
to duplicate the conditions.
An essential finding was that
the separate particles could
not have retained for long
the lightest of gases, hydro
gen, which forms an essential
part of all known solid bodies
in the universe. This would
have been possible, however,
the report points out On the
comets which probably must
be considered the direct fore
runners of stars.
An extensive study of
human participation in future
space exploration has been
announced by the Space
Science Board of the Ma
tional Academy of Sciences.
"a careful analysis has
been undertaken" says a re-
port, "of the known facts
about radiations that will be
encountered in inter-
planetary space. A group Of
national and international
Evening star., 1962-05-24

@. In connection with the
administration of an estate.
what do the letters "d.b.n.-
eta" means?-R. D.
A. These stand for the
Latin words "de bonis non
cum teStamento annexo."
This is the name of q kind Of
administration which is
granted when an executor
dies and leaves a part Of the
estate unadministered.
Evening star., 1962-05-24
Life in 'Suburbio'

If you are tired of the din,
CRIME and fumes Of city life,
buy a place in "Suburbia"
and enjoy it's orderly. quiet
and healthful serenity. It's
wonderful. I know-I've tried
it. Here are a few of the real
tiles:
The peaceful streets are
jammed with bumper-to-
bumper traffic. Forests on
the surrounding hills have
been ripped away by real es-
tate builders. Nights are made
hideous by scores Of barking
dogs. The air Of day is be-
fouled by dog kennels jam
med up against property
lines. Smoke from burning
litter adds to the contamina-
ton. So many building per-
mits have been issued that
water pressure is too low for
efficient use of washers and
bath rooms are becoming ac-
tual health hazards.
But what about Suburb
las" officials? Police say they
lack authority to stop all
night barking. Sanitation and
health departments grant no
relief from nauseating. fetid
odors from filthy dog pens.
Flimsy excuses answer COM
plants about low water pres
sure. Humane societies are
not interested in the almost
indescribable cruelty to PEN
ned-up animals.
Yes, spend billions telling
the world how wonderful the
American way of life is. But
buy a home in "Suburbia" to
learn how few of the tax
payers rights and liberties
elicit any lifted eyebrows
from those whose salaries he
pays.
Juliana M. Corridor.
Evening star., 1962-05-24

police Of the 18th precinct caught trio
Of alleged yokers shortly after the rob-
berry Of deaf-mute in Northwest Wash
ington. A Sign-language description of
the aSSailants enabled the police to spot
the accused men on the street.
This is effective police action. We
commend it to the attention of those
who seem to think the police would
rather look the other way than arrest
a criminal
Evening star., 1962-05-24
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tOriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condensd- =
tion. Those not used DiH be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-05-24

your staff for the coverage
you are giving to the Virginia
Museum. I refer particu-
larly to the excellent Frank
Getlein, a rare professional
in the field Of newspaper art
reporting who has written
several fine articles and re-
views about our operations
and exhibitions.
Leslie Cheek, Jr.
Director. Virginia Museum Of
Fine Arts.
Richmond.