davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
Red China Still Out

AS expected, the General Assembly
has once again rejected the perennial
proposal to admit Communist China as
member to the United Nations, and it
has done so by bigger thumbs down
vote than last years.
The reason for the rejection is OBJ
viouS enough: The proposal, calling for
the expulsion of the Formosa- based Chi
nese Nationalist government of Chang
Kai-shek, simply could not be squared
with the U. N. Charters basic require
ment that all applicants for member
ship must be "peace-loving" and refrain
from either threatening or using force
to settle international disputes. The
Kremlin's representative backed by the
other members of the Soviet bloc, nu-
merouS "neutraliSts" and even Norway,
NATO ally-argued in favor of admis-
sion on the ground that it would be
realistic. And the delegate from India,
which from the start has been one of
the most ardent advocates of Peiping'S
application, made clear that Prime Min
lister Nehru's government, despite the
current unpleasantnesS in the Hima-
layaS. still favored the idea of having
Mao TZe-tung accepted into the club.
However, neither the Soviet repre-
sentative, whose government is ideolog-
ically at odds with Peiping, nor the In
dian delegate seemed to be particularly
enthusiastic, or to have their hearts
really in the business, when they called
upon the Assembly to let the Chinese
Communists in. The same holds true for
many of the others who eSpoused such
action. Nothing could be less surprising,
of course. After ALL how could any
adult-eSpecially an Indian-lend gen.
timely strong and sincere support to the
Chinese Communists at time when the
latter, in fragrant violation of all the
U MS principles, are committing an
act Of aggression against India? And
this is only part of the story. What must
be kept in mind, too, is the fact that
Red China, wholly apart from its cur
rent Himalayan adventure, has yet to
purge itself of its Korean crime and
such other atrocities as its merciless
operations in Tibet.
In these circumstances, the only
thing surprising about the AsSembly'S
vote against Red China'S admission (56
to AZ, with IL abStentionS) is that it
was not larger. Even so, there is reason
to welcome it as evidence that the u. N.
is still capable of recognizing a bad
apple when it sees one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
u Thont's First Year

Acting U. N. Secretary General U
Thant has managed to survive with con-
siderable distinction the first year of a
job that roughly compares with driving
six wild horses, all pulling in different
directions When he was pressed into
service on the tragic death of Dag Ham
marskjold, the world was Seething with
more than the usual quota of conflicts,
perhaps most disturbing of which was
the ngo-Katanga row.
While there has been some criticism
OF his handling of the African impasse,
it must be said the Burmese statesman
acted with dispatch and firmness. And
if there have been bloody incidents, the
strife thus far has been held short of
a major war. But, of course, it was Mr.
Thant's role in the Cuban crisis that
has made his name household word
Those who have seen the little ORR
entail in action at the U. N. have been
impressed by his articulate, straight
forward language. His performances
seem to have won the respect of the
two divergent giants, Washington and
Moscow, and that in itself is quite an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
The Mixed Boq'

Late 1862 economic indicators re-
main pretty much the mixed bag" that
President Kennedy referred to several
months ago. Many are good, though
few are dramatically So Some are bad,
though not desperately so. AS a collec-
ton, they assure good year for the
economy as whole and indicate fur
thermore a good closing quarter. The
fact that they are not better, in the
sense of rejecting greater vigor on the
upside, raises some doubt about 1868
trends and has prompted within recent
days renewed support for the stimula-
ton of broadly based tax reduction early
next year.
Not surprisingly, with nationwide
election under way, political hair
splitting enters the evaluation of some
of the statistics. This is notably so
in the case of the latest Job figures,
showing mid-October unemployment of
about 3.3 million at the lowest level in
three years while employment of $50
million marked the highest October on
record. Despite the drop in the jobless
total, andsa decline in the unemploy-
ment rate from So per cent in Septem-
Der to SIS per cent in October, admin
iStration critics attributed most of the
improvement to withdrawal of about
100000 women from the job market and
pointed to little net change in the job
less rate in the two years since Mr..
Kennedy was campaigning for the
presidency.
Corporation earnings for the third
quarter showed the greatest extremes
when compared to 1861. For 518 con-
Germs, a Wall Street Journal summary
reflects an over-all'9 per cent improve
ment. Within that group, however, 81
manufacturers of automobiles and re-
lated equipment, as well as being hold
erS OF big defense contracts, reported an
earnings improvement of 67.7 per cent
while 16 steel companies reported an
earnings decline of 59.1 per cent. Most
of the steel industry leaders, including
United States Steel, have cut their div
idend payments because of inability to
cover them out of earnings. In the case
of U. S. Steel, its third quarter earnings
were the lowest for any strike-free quar-
ter In sixteen years. BY contrast, the
currently booming auto industry, with
General Motors setting the pace in a
record nine months, is setting its sights
on the biggest closing quarter in the
induStry'S history.
1t is unlikely there will be any
change in this mixed pattern by the end
of this year. BY the beginning of an
oHL, L.
tionS, the course of foreign affairs and
some further clues as to how the i'm
pending export-import trade bargaining
may work out, will have bearing upon
the 1868 prospects.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06

achievement. While his country con-
tinues to be aligned with the neutraliSt
nations, Mr.. Thant has conclusively
proved he can and will take firm stands
on the clashes involving the big powers.
Many questions remain to be re-
solved, not least of which is, what of
Mr.. Thant'S future in the U. NJ? His
temporary appointment comes to close
next April. Before then he must decide
if he wishes to stand for full five-year
term and, of course, the u N. must
decide whether 1t wishes him to con-
tinue. Knowing their troika plan (three-
man secretaryShip) has no chance of
succeeding, the Russians may wish to
support the Burmese. At this moment
in a rapidly spinning history, it would
appear Mr.. Thant has won his spurs and
deserves to continue if he so chooses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
One in Five

AS someone who, but five
years ago, could not have
conceived that she might this
year be grateful for the aid
OF two agencies supported by
the United Givers Fund, !
write to sing its praises.
For me, it is the guidance
and counseling of the very
limited staff of the Multiple
SclerosiS Association, which
has served in lieu of a local
family. A second agency
came to my rescue momen-
tarily when no one was
available to push my wheel
chair to a physicians office.
A Visiting Nurse appeared,
after one phone call.
This Metropolitan area
has one of the highest
average incomes in the en-
tire Nation; yet it has often
been necessary to extend the
campaign period-and still
the goals have not been met.
May we "go over the top"
this year, within the desig-
mated time!
Any of us can become
that lone in five"
Ruth Dene Neufeld,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
Moscow: Dishonest Broker

The nature of the Soviet Unions
efforts to intervene in the India China
war-by perSuading the New Delhi gov
eminent to agree to an unconditional
cease-tire with no pull-back of invad-
ing Chinese forceS-makes it clear that
Moscow has no present intent to serve
as an honest broker in this conflict.
Reluctantly or otherwise, it is evident
that the Kremlin has made it's choice
to support its Asian Communist partner
in this chapter of aggression.
In doing so, and speaking through
the Communist Party newspaper Pravda,
the Soviet government has fallen back
on its familiar and wearisome charges
that this current violation of peaceful
international relations is simply an
other example of "the intrigues of the
imperialist camp" catch-all term that
obviously refers to the United States and
Britain. On the record, at least, it is of
small Importance to the Kremlin or to
Pravda that Chinese eXpanSioniSt ag-
erosion southwark has been going on
internationally since the cruel conquest
Of Tibet more than three years ago, has
even been proclaimed as national policy
by the Peiping government, and in it's
present phase was launched by Red
Chinese troops only few weeks ago.
Against this background, midas
only self-respecting course, as Prime
Minister Nehru already has said, is Ito
resist this attack, whatever may be the
cost or the consequences to u.s." And it
is only in this circumstance, of course,
that the United States and Britain, far
from engaging in any intrigues, cur
rently are supplying much-needed mill
tary equipment to Indian forces. 1t is,
in turn, up to India to employ this as
sistance for the purpose intended,
namely, defense against Red China, and
not for a further buildup of it's forces
facing PakiStan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
Their Day to Relax

While hundreds of political candi-
dates spend today in varying degrees
Of anxiety, select group of veterans in
politics are enjoying a relaxed Tuesday.
For reasons of their own, they have de-
cided to turn to other things-to retire
n1ent, or to occupations that are not
affected periodically by the whimS of the
voters. Among our "neighbors" in Con-
greSS, approximately score have made
this decision voluntarily. Almost as
many others, incidentally, have had it
made for them through primary or con-
vention defeats in recent months. An
other smaller group of retiring House
members awaits voting results involving
other elective offices.
Among those who have chosen re-
tirement are four who long ago became
well-known figures on Capitol Hill-Rep-
resentativeS Brent Spence of Kentucky,
Clare Hoffman of Michigan, John Taber
OF New York and Noah Mason of Illinois.
Mr.. Spence is a Democrat and the others
are Republicans. All have reached the
age OF 30 or more. Over the years, how
ever, there has developed another COM
mon quality among this foursome-
namely, an incorporating integrity
IN the discharge of their service as
Representatives not only of their con-
gressional districts, but as members of
the national legislative body. At the
proper times, their partisanship and
their strictly regional interests were sub
ordinated to the broader interests of
their. country. They have earned their
retirement, and the good wishes of the
American people.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
Speaks for Haiti

The letter titled Haiti
Next?" sig n ed by Phelps
Phelps; former United States
Ambassador to the Domini-
can Republic, was but a rep
etition of the same calumnies
and denigrations which a
certain sector Of the Ameri-
can press for months has
been printing.
Haiti is the second oldest
republic of this hemisphere
and it has generously helped
other peoples of, the New
World to follow its example
and to set themselves up as
free and independent repub-
lies.
Mr.. Phelps insinuations Of
the supposed existence of a
Communist m ovement in
Haiti, are too fanciful to be
given credit.
The stand taken by Haiti
in the struggle against Com
munist expansion in Latin
America is clear; it was
plainly affirmed at the in
formal Conference of Foreign
Ministers at the State De-
partment in October; it has
been clearly reaffirmed by
the Haitian vote at the recent
meeting of the Organization
of the American States. It
also materialized in the re-
cent security measures Or
dered, in close Haitian-Amer-
lean cooperation and in view
of the present cuban crisis,
by His Excellency President
Duvalier whose anti-Commu-
mist stand is we'll know
Or. Louis Mars,
Ambassador of Haiti.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
LOOKING AHEAD
The Lessons of the Cuban Peril
By ERIC SEVAREID

An hour after President
Kennedy had delivered his
ultimatum to Soviet Russia,
in those moments when the
human spirit was everywhere
numbed, I happened to be
standing with a group in a
Los Angeles street. One man
said. well, this proves that
it really can happen mean
ing. Armageddon, "the great
day of God"
A few minutes after Nikita
Khrushchev capitulated, six
days later, I was with a group
in a New York office, and
one man said, This proves
it really can't happen
meaning that no government,
however irresponsible, will set
it off.
would that there we're
some alchemy by which to
analyze all the factors of
human motivation and re-
Spouse in the Cuban affair
and produce a finding. But
proof or disproof is not there
to be found, i am afraid.
The minds and the factors
involved over Cuba will not
necessarily be the same, one,
five or ten years from now.
Not even the Cuban crisis re-
vealed a governing rule of
human behavior for this age
of overkill.
Nevertheless, various less
apocalyptic but vital truths
to guide our conduct were re-
vealed by those six days of
quiet terror. Among them, so
I at least believe, were these:
Mr.. Khrushchev, leader of
the more open, supposedly
status quo minded" Russia,
can be quite as conspiratorial
and reckless as Stain, if the
stakes seem importa n t
enough.
No Balanced Power
Russia remains the weaker
in the continuing struggle by
both sides to gain an un-
catchable superiority in stra-
tegic positions and tactical
power. No true plateau of
nicely balanced power is like
ly to be reached, and there
fore there is no chance for
true disarmament unless we
hold our superiority in power.
There might be, under that
condition IL prolonge d
enough. some chance that
another generation of Com
munist leaders will give up
the contest, recognizing and
accepting at last that West
ern societies are unaggressive
by the nature of their posi-
ton at this point in time.
To this generation of Com
munists, no political status
quo is acceptable. Indeed, to
the younger ones of this gen.
Grafton, the CastroS and
Guevaras, the violent process
of revolution remains the
goal and the joy, not the
fruits of revolution.
All this means, I am afraid,
that the equity" argument
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06

Q. In the 19O0s when was
boxing restricted or illegal in
New York State?-W. D.
A. Boxing under the Hor-
ton Law, practically uncon-
trolled, stopped with the Kid
McCoy-James ]. Corbett fight
at Madison Square Garden
on August 80, 1900. The
Lewis Law, which repealed
the Horton Law and permit
ted boxing to be staged in
New York on a club member
ship basis only, was succeed
ed in 1911 by the Frawley
Law. This permitted boxing
without decisions, >limited to
10 rounds, with a boxing
commission in charge.
@. Why do banks charge
higher interest on loans to a
small business than to a big
business?-W. R.
A. One reason is that small
concerns are usually poorer
risks than big companies.
Another is that, 1t costs a
bank more to process several
short-term loans than to
handle a large loan of the
same total amount. The diff
ference in rate may be up TO
one per cent more.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Radio T telescopes Probe Milky WAY
By THOMAS r. HENRY

A far-reaching exploration
of the Milky Way with radio
telescopes has just been
launched by the office of
Naval Research and the Uni
versity of California.
Two new radio telescopes,
including one of the largest
in the world, have been set up
in a deep mountain valley
in northern California. Eff
forts will be made to record
radio wave-lengths from deep
within the two billion star
galaxy, of which the solar
system is an extremely min
ute part.
I'm the broadest sense"
says DR.. Harold Weaver of
the University of California,
observatory director, I'VE will
be interested in the distribu-
ton of gaseous material in
the galaxy and the motions
Of this material. From a
study of this gas we hope to
learn more about the Struc-
ture and dynamics of the
galaxy and about the way
it changes with time. We
also hope to learn more
about the way in which stars
are formed from the gases
and particles in the arms of
the galaxy"
Focus on Nucleus
Special attention will be
paid to the nucleus of the
vast star aggregation. This
nucleus, which first was OBJ
served with radio telescopes,
is thought to hold the key
to the circulation of matter
throughout the entire galaxy.
AS hydrogen gas condenses
to form a new star it grad
ually heats up, eventually to
the point where nuclear re-
actions take place which
transform hydrogen into he
lium. Radio waves produced
by this heating process can
be picked up by the larger
of the radio telescopes.
In addition to new infor-
nation on how stars are
formed it is hoped to get
more definite ideas on the
shape of the universe. Al
ready the smaller telescope
is revealing new information
about the northern Milky
Way and the multitude Of
clusters of stars that make
up this part of the galaxy
in which the solar system is
located.
The work will be under
the direction of University
of California astronomers
with funds provided almost
entirely by the Office of Ma
val Research.
4 Il Il
Large scale elastic waves"
in,the atmosphere of the sun
have just been detected by
DR.. Robert B. Leighton of CAL
ifornia Institute Of Technol-
ogy in a research project
supported by tAe Office of
Naval Research.
The detection OF these
waves was done through the
60-foot solar teescope on
Mt. Wilson using a special
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
Congratulations

Congratulations on your
excellent ceUerage of the
Cuban crisis. You are to be
congratulated Particularly on
Earl H. Voss's interpretative
article of October IS, which
was the first published e.
PLANTATION of the true nature
of the Soviet military threat
in Cuba. I believe it is still
the only newspaper article
which has clearly developed
the firSt-strike nature of the
strategic weapons in Cuba
and pointed out that these
weapons are almost useless
as defensive weapons because
they would be destroyed i'm
mediately by surprise attack
if the Unitex states would
embark on offensive war
against the Soviet Union.
1t might be useful if Mr..
Voss would explain further
that the United States has
not abandoned It's policy of
responding with strategic nu-
clear weapons to threats to
our vital interests in the
Near East and Europe by So
Wet conventional or tactical
nuclear weapons. 1t might
help reorient those United
States officials Who publicly
indicated two days before
the Soviet proposal to swap
bases that the United States
might be willing to dismantle
one of the 4 obsoleScent"
American bases near Soviet
territory in return for the
dismantling of offensive mis-
sile bases in Cuba.
Congratulations also on
the article by Garnet D.
Horner, october 20, which is
the first newspaper explana-
ton of the reason why the
American public for five days
after President Kennedy's
talk was not told the full
nature of the threat to our
Nation. This reason, accord
ing to Horner, was that pub
lie explanation Of the often
sive nature of the Soviet
threat in Cuba would make it
more difficult for Premier
Khrushchev to Use the de
fensive" nature of the wea-
pons as a pretekt for with
drawing them in return for
a United States guarantee of
Cuban immunity from inva-
sion.
Above all you are to be
congratulated for your Oct.
81 editorial on "the omnis-
cient manipulators of public
opinion" During the months
ahead we may witness devel-
opments in Asia and else
where which may dwarf the
Cuban crisiSNin historical i'm
portance. The American pub
lie must have at least the
minimum amount of news on
these developments so that
an informed public opinion
can counter any possibly dis
astrous decisions by its "om-
niscient manipulators" and
so that it may exert pres
sure on the Administra-
ton to develop a more dy-
manic global strategy.
Robert ID. Crane.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06

camera deveoped by Leigh
ton. This camera takes two
pictures of the suns surface
simultaneously.
Roots go Deep
With this technique he dis
covered the existence of huge
solar patches consisting of
waves which rise and fall at
speeds of about 1000 miles
an hour. The pattern has a
strong tendency to repeat it.
self every five minutes. The
large patches are similar in
appearance to the we'll
known granules on the suns
surface. but have diameters
of about 10000 miles, COM
pared with 600 miles for the
granules.
DR.. Leighton believes that
the roots of the large patches
go much deeper into the
sun, perhaps several thous-
and miles, to some solar in
stability at that depth. These
elastic waves may provide
the mechanism by which en-
ergy is transferred from the
interior of the sun to the
surface.
About 5000 of these
patches have been observed.
Each appears to be an in
dependent atmospheric cir
culation system.
DR.. Leighton now is improv-
ing his technique and hopes
that work now in progress
will provide much new in
formation about the general
nature of motions in the SOL
ar atmosphere.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06
Thanks President

I would like to express my
appreciation to the President
of the United States for the
bravery and courage he dis
played in handling the Cuban
crisis. We Americans are
fortunate to have a leader
who is willing to face diff
ficult times, with all Of his
mind, and heart. and body.
Mrs. Charles Hylander.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-06

oped with such speed and
with such potential import
as to be relatively unheard
of in relations between Gov
eminent and press in this
country. The matter of So
Wet missile bases in Cuba
and the Presidents decisions
on how to deal with them
constituted a unique situa-
ton in our relations with
other countries; furthermore,
the gravity of that situation
and the potentialities with
which it was rife called for
immediate and unusual &C
ton in several spheres of OPP
Grafton, among them being
the dissemination of news to
the public.
In this crisis of the most
delicate nature it would have
been unthinkable to con-
tinue business as usual" in
the dissemination of news
while our Government was
at the very same time not
only conducting secret nego-
tiations of a most critical
nature but also was conduct
ing movement of military
equipment and personnel in
a manner carefully designed
to have the maximum eff
feet in the minimum time.
Actions such as these must
be carried on with the mini
mum of public debate, ar
gument, and probable diverse
editorial comment If the &C
lions are to succeed as
planned.
If we accept the premise
that the national security
was indeed at stake in the
Cuban crisis and in the
quarantine imposed by the
President, we must also &C
cept the right-indeed, the
necessity-of the Govern
ment to act in an atmos-
phere as free as possible
from clamor and confusion
on the part of the public,
brought about by a detailed
blow by blow" account of
the developments so criti-
cally interrelated.
In a time of delicate cri-
sis such as that we have re-
Gently seen the Government
must not falsify informa-
ton given to the pubic
through the various news
media; but the Government
must be free to withdraw
into an atmosphere of rela-
tive privacy in which to deal
with and coordinate the
many facets of such a sit
uation, and neither the press
nor the public in general has
a rightful claim to presence
in that relative privacy at
such a time.
A. w.