Evening star., 1962-01-24

tAiC lhClldCC vi COLtIktluIllSLtl,
instances of censorship were
found in 1853 speeches or state
ments.
In at least 10 cases, according
to the study, the State Depart
ment suggested or ordered
mandatory changes. In some
instances, several of the changes
involved one speech.
Most of the speeches oc-
CURED during 1861 but some
ranged back to 1859.
NOtatiOns Cited
The Senate investigators said
one speech by Admiral Arleigh
A. Burke, retired Chief of Naval
Operations was censored in it's
entirety in that Admiral Burke
was prohibited from delivering
it." This was a speech the ad-
miral, who testified as the first
witness at the subcommittee's
opening hearing yesterday, pro-
posed to give before the Ma
tional Business Publications
Association here last Janu-
ary 30.
The role of the State De-
partment in instances of CEN
soring was revealed on nota-
tions of the speeches which the
subcommittee obtained from
Defense Department files and
other sources. Changes or de-
Lotions were suggested or di-
rected not only in the speeches
of the military leaders but, also
in those of many top civilian
officials.
Secretary of the Air Force
zuckert, Secretary of the Army
Stair and other civilians expe-
rienced the heavy hand of the
censor on numerous occasions.
The censors revealed them
selves, according to the study,
as critics and grammarians as
well as reviewers of policy.
Questionable Historian"
In one speech early last year
1t. Gen. Arthur G.. Trudeau,
Army research and develop
ment chief, undertook to say
that history fairly brimS over
with examples of proud nations
which have slowly sunk into
oblivion because they Sowed
the seeds of their own decay"
He pointed out that Arnold
Toynbee, the British historian,
had said that 19 of 81 notable
world civilizations have died
from within and not by con-
quest from without and added
that "ours must not be num-
ber 90"
A note on the front of the
speech referred to Estate De-
partment's recommendation"
and the cenSor's comment was:
"Toynbee is a highly question:
able historian-not likely to
impress this. audience.
Nearly a. year ago Gen.
George H. Decker, Army chief
of staff, wrote in a speech: "It
appears better to some-by
their false rationale-to ac-
cede to totalitarianism than to
risk the destruction of millions
of human beings and large seq
ments of the fruits of civiliza-
tion-they would rather be Red
than dead" The censors sug-
gested deleting "they would
rather be Red than dead"
Gen. Trudeau, who had
changes or deletions made in
26 speeches over a period of
two years, said in a speech that
his phrase emerge victorious"
had been changed to read
achieve our goals"
A comment in one speech was
deleted as too flip for the
occasion" In another the
phrase world war III is al
ready under way" was stricken
with the censor's comment:
State says will affect foreign
relations due to tone of speech"
Words Qualified
Numerous speakers, including
Gen. Trudeau, were prevented
from identifying the Com
munists as the enemy. Such
qualifying words as potential"
enemy or "aggresser" were in
serted instead.
The censors welded the pen
Gil on such terms as world
communism" and international
communism" One speech bore
notation that one such change
was Estate change" A censor
struck out the word world"
from a Trudeau speech and
made it read "Sino-Soviet COM
munism" with the comment:
I'VE want to discourage the
term world communism It
sounds very pessimistic and also
to some, pleasantly interna-
tional, like the U. NJ"
At least two speakers found
that the censors struck out the
word Christian" A speech by