davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-12-24
Bargaining With Strength

. Two separate developments during
recent days provide good measurement
of the economic strength of the Common
Market-that unique Six-nation associa-
tion Of continental West Europe
One was the frank Acknowledgement
by Christian A. Herter, President Ken
nedy'S chief representative on trade
negotiations, that there are Every dis
quieting" signs in the attitude of the
Market bloc "of new kind Of European
nationalism or protectionism" that
threatens to make the bargaining on
trade relations much more difficult than
expected originally. The other was a
baSically noncommittal reference in
the communique issued by President de
Gaulle and Prime Minister Macmillan
after their two-day meeting near Paris
that negotiations on Britain'S entry into
the Market will be carried forward,
[butl In spite of the difficulties"
A showing of "protectioniSm," of
course, may be interpreted as a sign of
weakness rather than strength. In the
case Of the Market bloc, as of now how
ever, its success has been so evident as
to indicate clearly that it considers itself
in position to be tough bargainer, not
an easy one, and with General de Gaulle
as the foremost spokesman of this hard
line. For France in particular, this con-
fident attitude is based upon an impress
sive expansion plus prosperity of indus
try-a boom that got under way some
what later than that Of West Germany
and is in full force today-as we'll as a
determination to guard the interests Of
French agriculture.
1t is in the area Of trading in farm
products, incidentally, that both Britain
and the United States already are as
Sured Of their most difficult negotiations
with The Six. The farmers of West Ger
many, as we'll as those of France, his
torically have had a sheltered status
and despite the need for food imports
there are no signs that the governments
Of these two biggest powers in the Mar
ket bloc intend any serious weakening
Of this protection. Britain, in turn, is
not free to disregard the Importance to
its Commonwealth partners Of continued
markets for their foodStuffs. In effect,
the same problem applies to American
food exports and Secretary Of Agricul-
ture Freeman already has learned from
meetings with Common Market author
tiles that some hard bargaining lies
ahead.
That which is difficult, however, is
not necessarily impossible. Mr.. Herter,
for example, points out that "the others
have something to seek from us of equal
Importance" The Six are aware that
trade is a two-way operation, and that
both Britain and the United States are
powerful commercial nations. At some
point, accommodations should be made,
with reciprocal benefits to all.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
White House Chances

For many years I have
been a regular and frequent
visitor to the White House,
and I very much regret to
hear that the Blue Room is
to pass from history. 1t
never offended my sensibil-
tiles. Obviously it has some
merit and artistic justifica-
ton as otherwise the artists
and decorators in charge
when the White House was
rebuilt during the Truman
administration would have
changed it then.
No one should object to
improvement in the furnish
ingS of the White House, but
I am a bit weary Of the
propaganda that it is being
restored" to an 18th century
mansion. For many years
Federal law has required that
the official part of the White
House be 18th or early 10th
century in its furnishings.
Contrary to the impression
that is constantly being put
forth by the press, the White
House was not devoid of
charm, beauty, elegance, or
antiques prior to 1861.
M. ID. Kennedy.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
Just for the Record

BY last November the smoke Of the
Cuban crisis was drifting away. The
missiles were being taken out and Mr..
Khrushchev was saying as much in Mos
COW. A spokesman for the State Depart
ment sternly announced, however, that
there still must be "verification on the
ground" Of the fact Of missile removal.
BY December II, in his "fireside
chat" the President was calling a spade
a spade. He was asked whether he had
ever had any hope that there would be
inspection inside Cuba as offered by Mr..
KhruShchev. His answer: mo"
As things have turned out, this is
just as well The quid pro quo for veri-
ficaton on the ground would have been
a no-invasion pledge. And while we do
not see any invasion in sight, It is better
not to be bound by such a pledge. AS
for inspection-our planes can take care
Of that.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
Tordy Action

According to Prince Georges County
health officials, no further permits will
be issued for septic tanks in a subdivi-
sion near the Rocky Gorge Reservoir
pending further study" And by this they
presumably mean until there is a more
adequate determination of whether the
septic systems would constitute a serious
threat to the purity Of the reservoir
one of the major sources of drinking
water in suburban Maryland.
This is a matter, of course, for the
experts to decide. The really pertinent
question, however, is why-if there was
even the slight doubt of such threat
the septic tanks were authorized by the
County Health Department in the first
place. Apparently the Washington Sub
urban Sanitary Commission feels there
is sufficient potential hazard to justify
the extension Of public sewer line to
the area involved. And the health Of
ficialS who approved the septic tanks
now concede that they would not have
done so had they known of the WSSC
position.
Robert H. Brown, the chief of the
Maryland Bureau Of Environmental Hy-
giene, obviously is entirely right in lam
baSting county authorities for laxity in
this instance, and in urging, specifically,
more rigid controls against private wells
and septic tanks in all areas of intensive
development. In the meantime, how
ever, we suspect that most of the prob
lens which have come to light in recent
months could be handled by more ag-
gresSive enforcement Of the laws already
on the books, and it is high time that
public pressure is exerted to demand
that the responsible officials do so.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
VictoY-by the People

- There is reason to compliment the
people Of the Dominican Republic, and
also the factional political leaders of
that small Caribbean country, for the
events of December 20, 1862. For it was
on that day, last Thursday, that the
first free elections in approximately 38
years were held in the eastern part of
what is known geographically as the
Island of Hispaniola (the Republic of
Haiti occupies the western sector). Most
OF those who voted had never before
cast ballot, unless at gunpoint COM
nlanded by the late Dictator Rafael
Trujillo, and there had been skepticS
who believed that either anarchy or
another dictatorship almost surely would
follow the Trujillo assassination.
1t did not prove so, even in the early
months Of crisis that followed General
TrujilloS death, and it is noteworthy
that the election of last week fell upon
the exact day specified one year ago.
In the meantime, there had been transi-
tional government under provisional
presidents Joaquin Balaguer and DR..
Rafael Bonnelly, with a concentration
in recent weeks on the campaigning
which preceded the December 20 vote.
When the time came, the voting was
peaceful and orderly.
s. The winner was Juan Bosch, can
didate Of the Dominican Revolutionary
Party and identified as a moderate
leftist, who pitched his campaign on
promises Of land reform and minimum
wage. His principal opponent was DR..
Viriato Fiallo, whose National Civic
Union has heretofore been considered
strongest Of the political parties, and
who also was considered a reformer
even If in more conservative pattern
There is more yet to be done in the
evolution of Dominican democracy, but
the evidence of thoughtful judgment on
the part of the people and Of response
BILE behavior on the part Of the political
leaders is highly encouraging.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
New Life for Vaccine

What vast difference few years,
and an intensive application of research,
have made in the polio problem! Ten
years ago there were almost $4,000 cases
compared with this years total Of $50.
Analyzing the dread, crippling disease,
United States Surgeon General Terry be-
heveS we may now look forward to the
day when polio is finally eliminated
from this country"
DR.. Terry is banking on two vaccines
to apply the knockout punch, the Salk
injection type and the more recent
Sabin method, taken orally to combat
the three kinds of viruses. Last Sep
tember, the Sabin Type III vaccine be-
came suspect when linked with several
adult polio cases.
AS a result, the entire mass i'm
munization program was called off, not
only for Type III, but for the two other
Sabin courses If the precautionary
measures were drastic, they were also
understandable, and they prompted an
exhaustive three-month study by Pub
lie Health Service Special Advisory Com
mittee.
Now the report is in, and It pretty
much upholds what the Type III de-
tenders were saying all along. At the
very outside, the chances are one million
TO one against the Sabin live virus vac
cines inducing polio in persons Of all
ages, and only slightly lower for adults.
AS a result, Public Health Service is now
recommending use Of all three types.
Evening star., 1962-12-24

from the Presidents Committee on Ju-
venile Delinquency. The board, headed
by Judge Joseph G. Waddy of the Do
mestic Relations Court, will mesh its
program with that of the parent UPO.
Eventually, the parent group will turn
to other problems, including the dilem-
ma created by the mounting residential
displacement of low-income families.
While the full details are yet to be de-
termined, this new organization is off
to good start with the able and broadly
representative citizen, business and pub
lie leaders who are taking part in it.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
THE PASSING SCENE
FiIibuster Battle Called Phony
BY WILLIAM S. WHIT

not at length produce a
favorable public consensus
in this country.
Essentially, the leading od-
vocates of rules change are
motivated by a determine
ton to press upon an actual
majority-not a mere South
ern minority-of the Senate
legislation on civil rights
which this actual majority
is convinced would be both
unavoidable and unwise.
Repeatedly unable to carry
the Senate on the merits of
their case, they repeatedly
have recourse instead to
trying to change the rules Of
the game. Their trouble is
not that the rules are bad;
their trouble is that their
bills are bad.
Liberal Gimmick
The filibuster is in fact an
almost providential thing to
the liberal extremists. And
If they ever managed totally
to destroy it, they would be
quite lost-and most Of them
never reelected. For it is a
handy alibi for their persi-
stent incapacity to legislate
effectively. They can always
say back home that they
tried awfully hard-but were
finished off by that dread
full thing, "the filibuSter."
This happily conceals the
root fact that they never
could have won anyway, fill
buster Or no filibuster, for q
very simple reason. This is
that a majority Of the Senate
(entirely outside the South)
distrusts their violent emo
tionalism and is not in any
case prepared to permit them
to dominate public policy on
any issue so harsh, so COM
plex and so tragic as civil
rights.
The moderate and reason
able and controlling center
simply will not follow the
more or less professional civil
rightists and South-b -baiterS-
men like Senators Wayne
Morse Of Oregon, Joseph
Clark of Pennsylvania and
Jacob Javits of New York.
This Is not because this con-
trolling center is opposed"
to civil rights. 1t is because
this center understands that
the race problem in this Ma
ton absolutely demands care
full and patient solutions Of
a kind absolutely foreign to
the temperament Of the ex-
tremistS.
Evening star., 1962-12-24

For the past couple Of
weeks my television and ra-
dio sets have been blaring
out appeals for me TO buy
a carton OF cigarettes or a
six-pack (or a case) OF beer
for the postman, the service
station attendant. the bar
ber, the butcher and the
candlestick maker. and all
those folks who have been
doing me little favors all
year. My first reaction is to
resolve never TO patronize the
perpetrators OF this type OF
advertising.
My second reaction has
been 10 wonder why the Post
master General has not had
some comment on this cam
paign. / have no complaint
against my letter carrier. He
does his Job in a satisfactory
manner. But. isn't that what
he is paid 10 do2 AS q re-
tired Federal Government
worker / know that most
agencies frown on the prac-
tice Of employees accepting
gifts from people with whom
they do business. Am l re-
quired TO bribe the postman
TO assure continuance OF good
service7 As a taxpayer / have
been contributing TO his SAL
airy. l have been paying an
Evening star., 1962-12-24
Rops Stevenson

Ambassador to the United
Nations Adlai Stevenson is
highly regarded as a man of
excellent education and, prob
ably. our most skillful ma
nipulator Of polysyllabic
words. Yet, in a recent let
ter to a Richmond editor his
words should be classified as
plain stupidity. He wrote,
concerning the people of Ka-
tanga province: They have
no more right to self-deter-
mination outside the Frame
work Of the (Congo) nation
than do the people Of any
State in our Union"
The Belgian Congo never
was a nation. 1t was a cap
tive area under the Germans,
and after World War I,
under the Belgians. Bound
aries were not determined by
the natives, but in European
diplomatic offices. The peo-
pie of the Congo are not a
homogeneous people - the
only thing they have in COM
mon is the color Of their
skins.
Katanga is the only area
rich in mineral deposits, its
people are better educated
and intelligent. There is no
common language, indeed
more than 100 languages are
found in the Congo. some lit
tie more than sign COM
munication. Leopoldville was
chosen as the capital Of the
Congo because it is close TO
the Atlantic coast, on the
Congo River. outside a drift
of commercial diamonds, as
sayed at some $500 million,
which is mostly in Kasai,
but which dips into Katanga,
near the west end, none OF
the other provinces Of the
Belgian Congo have deposits
Of rich minerals.
II Mr.. Stevenson. before
writing his letter to the
Richmond editor, had checked
the precedents Of the Union
Nations, he would have
found ample evidence OF the
right OF self-determination
The Belgian protectorates OF
Rwanda and Burundi were
small, and adjoined, but were
allowed TO set UP separate
governments. Senegal and
Mali broke their relations and
became separate nations,
with the former having all
OF the sea ports. When the
Cameroons decided TO break
the new alliance with an
other country and unite with
the cameroons, the U. N. did
not object.
When Mr.. Stevenson COM
pares Katanga with one OF
the States OF the United
States, he is not only stupid
but definitely silly.
Charles Coulter.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
Wonton WostreIs'

During the past decade this
Nation has enjoyed the most
prosperous years in its his
tory. Yet during all this time
no effort whatever was made
to reduce the Nations in
debtedneSs. On the other
hand. the debt limit has been
raised time and again.
Our spendthrift officials
try to pull the wool over our
eyes by placing the blame for
every increase on defense.
But the truth is that the
greater part Of the increase
is being spent for other
things things that though
desirable could be postponed
indefinitely with no calami-
touS effect to the country.
With such a huge debt hang
ing over our heads, should we
expect less Of an administra-
tion than that every nonvital
item be stricken from the
budget and all others pared
to the limit?
Large borrowings year after
year have become a habit.
The debt now totals over
three hundred billions of dol
lars and is bounding higher.
Is 1t not cowardly and des-
picable for a people to bor-
row money (actually to steal
1t from coming generations
for our wastrels have no in
tention whatever of repay
ing) to be strewn about not
only in our own country but
all over the world as we'll?
Is honesty and uprightness
totally lacking or are we
merely too dumb to realize
what we are doing? For if
we are so deficient in
morality and integrity that
we fail to begin the reduc-
tion of this back-breaking OBJ
legation it must all be passed
on as a first lien upon the
paychecks of our children
and grandchildren.
No individual or nation can
forever survive on borrow
ings. Finally must come a
day of reckoning. After the
fiscal responsibility which
the record Of the past dec
ade displays, what of the
future? There is a bottom to
every barrel and from the
dwindling of gold stocks and
an unfavorable trade balance
it seems apparent that this
Nations barrel is empty and
our credit becoming shaky.
At the same time startling
advances In industry imply
that in this country are
many men of brains. Is 1t
not our money that is be-
ing borrowed and wasted and
are not we the ones who
really hold the bagp VIII we
have the courage and COM
mon sense to turn the spend
thrifts out Of office and to
replace them with men of
honor and foresight? Or will
we retain them and give
them free rein to bury us
ever deeper and deeper under
a greater mountain Of debt?
AS long as wanton wastrels
strut about in the Nations
Capital, planning and plot
ting to rob generation after
generation to come. can we,
the people OF this once
great country, have any
reason for a feeling Of pride?
Should we not be hiding our
heads in shame?
ii. ii. Tlbbitts.
Grove. Okla.
Evening star., 1962-12-24

@. How can I keep my
Christmas poinsettia alive
once the leaves begin TO
wither2-D. J.
A. When the leaves begin
TO dry. cut off half the
growth. Put the plant in the
cellar or other such spot
where the temperature is rela-
lively constant. Water II oc-
casionally. enough 10 keep
the wood from shriveling. In
early June cut the plant back
severely. re-pot II, and plant
Tin the pot) outdoors in par
tial shade. After growth
starts. fertilize lightly about
once a month. In tropical
climates the poinsettia is a
shrub about 10 feet high.
@. How many drawings are
In Audubon's Birds Of Amar-
ica"2-O. Y.
A. The elephant TO
comprised 435 hand-coloreu
plates. containing l.055 life
size figures Of birds OF 489
species. The folio was COM
pleted In 1888. An accom-
panying work, the "ornitho-
logical Biography" written by
John James Audubon and
william MacGillivray. APP
peared In Edinburgh, Scot
land. In five volumes from
1891 10 1889.
Evening star., 1962-12-24
Job Well Done

Since much criticism with
respect to District of Colum-
bia municipal functions ap-
pears to be the order of the
day-it is hoped the fol-
lowing may provide some
constructive acknowledgment
and gratitude for a job well
done.
About 8 pm, on December
4, an impressive demonstra-
ton of disciplined efficiency
was performed by several
engine and truck companies
of the District of Columbia
Fire Department, including
re escue squad and police
units,-in response to q fire
emergency at the Woodner
Hotel on 18th Street, NV.
1t is expected that our fire
fighters will carry out often
unpredictable assignments in
a manner akin to heroic dis
patch; however, many specta-
tors at the above incident
have expressed special praise
for the highly organized
manner in which the several
engine, truck ambulance and
police units had quickly be-
come marShalled into a
smoothly operating team,
despite fairly heavy traffic
conditions - bringing into
immediate action water
hoses, extinguishers and
various items of emergency
equipment. The lone fire
victim was speedily rescued
without serious injury which
could have resulted in death
due to a smoldering mattress
fire.
While the risk to life and
property was not great in
this instance, it may be the
more gratifying to District of
Columbia citizens that our
civilian emergency organiza-
tionS had discharged a never
thelesS highly responsible de-
gree Of duty.
William L. DrevO
Evening star., 1962-12-24
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Keystone State and Its Architect
By DONALD MINTZ

his employees at the least cost
to himself was unlikely to
survive in the market. At the
same time the workers condi-
ton cried to heaven for re-
dress Stephen Simpson was
not indulging in a flight Of
fancy when he wrote in The
Workingman's Manual that
the law of criminal conSpira-
cies was being use to strip
the man Of labor Of his earn
ings, reduce him to a dry
crust and a gourd Of water
Then Mr.. Wallace goes on
to details about the Schuyl-
kill Cotton Factory and how
a payroll was handled in the
Philadelphia Of the 1820s and
1830s. 1t is impossible to
imagine a nicer blend of a
better balance.
OF course, there is much Of
interest about coal, oil and
lumber in Pennsylvania.
There are intriguing por-
traits of Milton Hershey,
Andrew Mellon, and owen j.
Roberts. There is a fine chap
ter devoted to Pittsburgh.
But one keeps thinking
about William Penn to whom
Mr.. Wallace has devoted
what would ordinarily be con-
sidered a disproportionately
large amount Of space. The
greatness Of the man is
haunting. He can hardly be
called neglected or forgotten,
but has he received his full
due from scholarship and the
public?
Whatever the answer, there
is no doubt that Penn would
be delighted by Mr.. Wallace's
summary Of relatively recent
political events in Pennsyl-
vania: 90. the government
E. in recent years has been
returned to the people, so
that all men may enjoy the
benefits Of the machine age"
Evening star., 1962-12-24

exorbitant rate for the serv-
ice I receive from the Post
Office in order that my in
coming mail may contain a
lot of trash which I don't
want. If any substantial num-
ber Of people followed the
advice Of these beer and Gig
arctic pushers, the postmen
would be SO burdened they
wouldn't be able to carry the
mail. And what would any
one do with all that beer and
tobacco?
Isn't it about time the
Postmaster General expressed
his views on this matter?
r. ], Queenin,
Evening star., 1962-12-24
'Desecroted Site

The Star of December II
quotes officials Of this organ
ization as being surprised"
at the tremendous volume of
mail across the Nation by
their suggestions that mem
bers ought to protest the pro-
posed desecration Of the Wa
tergate site by a commercial
enterprise, owned by the Vat
lean, which would tower to
a height far exceeding pres
ent building regulations for
the District of Columbia. The
word "gratified" might be
more accurate.
We were indeed startled to
discover that ARRANGEMENTS
In the Nations Capital are
OF such deep emotional con-
Germ to the citizens Of this
country that many thousands
would respond to a slight
suggestion to this effect.
This response does demon
strate again the deep reser-
voir OF concern which our
people have for their Capt.
tai and its appointments. We
consider this a good sign
an indication of the basic
health of the Nation.
We would like TO renew
our protest, as we intend to
do at public hearings, against
the proposed easement OF
building regulations on be-
half OF this group. Measured
from the lowest side, this
installation will tower TO a
height Of l55 feet II the
present plan is approved, at
which height 1t will tower
high above the national
shrines. We are convinced
that no ordinary commercial
group would be given the
slightest consideration for
such a proposed violation of
propriety and good taste In
the Nations Capital.
We allege that 1t Is only
because Of the ultimate
church ownership OF this
site and the pressures which
such ownership has engend-
cred, that this proposal has
been brought TO the point OF
virtual consummation. There
is still time for concerned
citizens TO join with the
many thousands who have
already made their protest
known.
G. Stanley Lowell,
Associate Director,
Protestants and Other
Americans United for
Separation OF Church and
State.