davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-09-02

discount the fact that while men
have. in the past, lost their free
dom because of aggression and
non-vigilance, men have never
traded their freedom in for a re-
turn to serfdom and slavery. Men
realize freedom for themselves;
they never sacrifice it.
This canon Of beliefs implies a
total demand upon all of us to
contribute to the making of a
world order in which a balance
of terror would lose its power. The
study Of tradition. the pursuit of
scholarship, the study of ancient
failures and triumphs. all Of the
"ivory-tower professions" have as
deep a responsibility in this great
effort as do others.
The Body Of Knowledge
All Of US realize that research
has its own value. that each small
piece Of knowledge or new real
ization helps to make up the total
body of knowledge upon which
progress depends. But I believe
that scholarship has a higher
purpose than intellectual salts
faction and the stimulation that
comes from pursuing the detec-
tive story of mans culture and
meaning. That higher meaning is
not only to illuminate the pres
ent but to inspire it.
have a great deal Of faith In
the reliability of human inspira-
ton. One Of the most exciting
events Of this century was the
discovery Of the ancient scrolls
in the Dead Sea region. 1t was
exciting to me because a COM
parison Of the ancient texts
fully 1000 years older than the
earliest known biblical text prior
to these discoveries-proved the
authenticity Of the Masoretic text
Of the Bible. This confirmed the
belief we have always held in this
country that mans mind and
spirit will not relinquish those
things most precious to him, re-
gardless of the torment and suf-
fering through which his genera
tiops might pass. 1t confirms, as
well, the continuity of history
upon which present responsibility
is made manifest.
Define the Purposes
These ancient texts bring to
mind the meness of mans
struggle through the centuries for
enlightenment, for equality, for
peace and plenty.
As 1t was then, so now.
Nations that have conceived
their purpose as the satisfaction
and fulfillment of ambition and
power have perished in their own
chaos.
Our heritage instructs us to
turn inward and set the true
value on our days and works, de-
fine the purposes for which we
spend the years granted to us,
and ask whether freedom and in
dividual dignity prosper in our
cause.
Such introspection leads to q
Evening star., 1962-09-02
The Answer

The UnderSecretary's unabashed
answer: Il think it was right to
give anyone-including Billie Sol
Estes-a fair chance to prove bis
case"
Why did he temporarily reverse
in January a department decision
Of last December to cancel more
than 5000 acres Of cotton allot-
ments the Government asserts
Estes obtained Illegally
Again, the Undersecretary
struck the innocent-till-proven-
guilty theme and denied any fav-
Evening star., 1962-09-02

are convinced that a mid-course
motor in the spacecraft can be
activitated by a radio signal
from earth which will give it a
necessary 80 miles an hour more
speed and that this will bring
Mariner, on December IA, within
10000 miles of Venus and a his
toric rendezvous" At that time
Venus will be 36 million miles
from earth as the two planets
whirl on their orbital paths
around the sun.
Evening star., 1962-09-02
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.-Two
widely separated cities Washing
ton and Elizabethville-hold the
immediate future of the United
Nations in the palm Of their
hands.
In Washington, the House of
Representatives is expected, at
long last, to debate the purchase
OF $l00 million in U. N. bonds
this week or next. Without this
loan. the U. N. very soon would
be reduced to a debating society.
Its principal field operations would
have to be shut down.
In Eli3abethville, Noise Tshombe
OF Katanga must decide whether
to cooperate with the U. Ms. plan
for peaceful reunification of the
Congo. He has been given until
tomorrow to make up his mind.
II he refuses. a major crisis al
most certainly will result.
The two decisions are, Of course.
interrelated. Opponents of the
bond issue have fought it on the
ground that the money would be
used to bring pressure on
Tshombe. Tshombe, for his part,
has been stalling to see what hap
pens in Congress.
An Old Trouble
This international Alphonse-
CASTOR act. with Congress waiting
to see how the U. N. treated
Tshombe, and Tshombe waiting
to see how Congress would treat
the U. N, has been going on for
months.
Evening star., 1962-09-02
Ambitious Probe

Last Monday. from a pad at
Cape Canaveral, Fla, an Atlas
Agena B rocket roared aloft with
one of the most ambitious space
ventures yet attempted by any
nation. The object: To send
447-pound instrumented vehicle
Evening star., 1962-09-02

to within 10000 miles Of the
mysterious. cloud S hrouded e d
planet Venus and unlock secrets
which have tantalized inquisitive
man for centuries.
We hope that Mariner II, with
its sensitive instruments, will
radio back to earth data which
will help us determine the sur
face temperatures on Venus, now
thought to range from 80 de-
greeS below zero to 6l5 degrees
above. Fahrenheit; to measure it's
magnetic fields and to scrutinize
its cloud structures.
Evening star., 1962-09-02
The Body Of Knowledge

drell Bank Kaleidoscope install
lation. put it more strongly. He
said Mariners Venus probe ap-
peared destined to become the
worlds most successful space ef-
fort to date.
Evening star., 1962-09-02
Early Scare

In addition, on its 180-million-
mile overall flight, Mariner is
expected to provide information
on cosmic dust, which may create
a hazard to manned flight into
deep space; to look for any ra-
diation belts and to measure the
number and intensity of ener-
getic particles encountered.
After an initial scare that a
faulty trajectory might make
Mariner miss its goal by 100000
miles. American scientists re-
ported that the> spacecraft was
travelling a path which would
take it within 25O,000 miles of
Venus.
Even this near-miss would not
be good enough. But the scientists
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
Asks constitutional change
on church-state relationship

vices in our public school
system
"But Cusack continued,
this is a far cry from the
practice which the Supreme
Court has condemned in the
New York Regents prayer
case.
There, S C children
were merely given an oppor-
tunity voluntarily to particl-
pate in the saying of a short,
S simple nondenolrinatlonal
declaration of dependence
upon God and request for
his blessings" he said.
"This is not denominations
al religious instruction" ne
added. "On the contrary, the
vast majority of Catholics be-
lieve that such a practice
in our pubic school system
is no more than a recognition
that our public school sys-
tenn is not designed to make
God a stranger in the class
ROOM"
Cusack said the courts
ruling seems to forecast a
drift toward a goddess So
ciety, toward the enthrone-
ment of secularism as the
American religion"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
CONTINUED from Page u

Continued from Page ID
Papal States to meet UNI
der circumstances of COM
plete separation of Church
and State in Italy.
1T Is attended by repre-
sentatives from more places
in the world than were pres
ent at any council in the
past.
It is the first since the
Protestant Reformation to be
attended by non-C Catholic OBJ
servers officially delegated
by their church authorities.
This ecumenical council
will not have to deal with
a question of heresy, though
it is expected to refute errors
that are circulated concern
ing the Christian view of
mankind.
1t was on January 25, the
last day of the Chair of Unity
Octave, in the year 1859, that
Pope John XIII, saying
that he was trembling a
little with emotion" first re-
vealed his intention to con-
woke IAN ecumenical council
for the Universal Church"
On that occasion, the Pontiff
spoke confidentially to II
cardinals who had been pres
ent with him at Mass in the
Basilica of st. Paul-O Outside
the Walls. He requested them
to remain silent on the mat
ter until cardinals through
out the world could be advis-
ed.
the
Holy See sought opinions
and suggestions from 1884
members of the hierarchy in
134 nations, anG received
an enormously impressive 80
per cent response.
On June 5, 1860, Pope John
issued his motu proprio,
Superno Del Nutu, in which
he appointed 10 commissions
and two secretariats to pre-
pare for the council. In short
order, more than 1000 bish-
ops and expert consultants
began more than two years
of intensive and unrelenting
labor, sitting, studying and
discussing some 1000 pages
of material submitted from
all round the world.
Out of these labors came
the agenda which is before
the council now in session
here.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
Prelates gather

In February, 1862, Pope
John announced that the
council would open on Dc
tober II, the feast of the
Divine Maternity of Mary.
He also said the meeting
would be known formally as
the Second Vatican Ecumeni-
cal Council. He added that
his hopes for the council are
''that the church, the Spouse
of Christ, may strengthen
still more her divine energies
and extend her beneficial in
fluence in still greater meas
ure to the minds of men,"
FOR THE council open
ing, and for all solemn oc-
casions at which the Pope
officiates, the Fathers of the
council wear copes and NIT
ers. For the general congre-
cations, or working sessions,
presided over by one of the
cardinals, the Fathers wear
black cassocks with red pip
ing and saShes and their red
skull caps.
For the solemn sessions,
as with the opening, the
Fathers of the council vest
in the Hall of Inscriptions
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

in the Vatican and walk in
procession with the Pope to
st. Peters, descending by
the Royal Stair from the
Vatican to the basilica.
On all other occasions, the
bishops will make their in
dividual ways into st. Peters
by one of its numerous doors.
For purposes of convent
ence and Identification, each
Father of the council has
been assigned a numbered
seat which he will occupy at
all sessions. The prelates are
seated in groups of six, not
according to country, but ac-
cording to the order of their
appointment to the hier.
archy. Thus it is a rare thing,
If it happens at all, that two
bishops from the same coun-
try are seated next to each
other.
Each group of six seats Is
separated by aisles. Between
every two groups of six seats
is a microphone in the front
tier for the convenience of
those who wish to rise and
speak from their places.
Those who address the coun-
Gil formally and at some
length speak from a pulpit
erected at the left of the
Pope's throne.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
Kappa Gamma
Pimeets Monday

Columbus Chapter of kap-
pa Gamma Pi, national Ca
tholic women's honor So
ciety, will meet at 8 pm.
Monday, Oct. IS, in Sans
bury Hall at St, Mary of the
Springs.
Members will discuss the
program for the coming
year.
New officers are Miss
Margaret Ann Long, presi-
dent; Mrs. James Durbin,
vice-president Mrs. William
Kramer, secretary; and Miss
Mary Hole, treasurer.
The Columbus Chapter
publishes a list of speakers
and topics for distribution
to local Catholic organiza-
tons. Members also pre-
sent the special program,
Bringing Home the Sacra-
ments," for interested
groups.
Kappa Gamma Pi is the
national honor society of
Catholic Women's colleges.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

WASHINGTON-(NC) -
A spokesman for the New
York archdiocese and Fran
els Cardinal Spellman has
told a Senate committee that
a constitutional amendment
should be passed to counter
act the Supreme Courts
public school prayer ruling.
New York attorney Law
renee X. Cusack said such an
amendment should make it
clear "that our Constitution
favors government coopera-
ton with religion as long as
such cooperation is devoid of
favored treatment to any one
religion"
Cusack advocated such an
amendment in a statement
submitted to the Senate Jul
dietary Committee in con-
nection with its hearing on
proposed school prayer
amendments.
Proposals for such an
amendment resulted from the
Supreme Courts June Is de-
cision barring a prayer pre-
scribed by the New York
Board of Regents for recita-
ton in New York public
schools.
Cusack said the ruling was
"out of line with the con-
science and religious heri-
tage of the American people
and foreshadows an ON
inous tendency to undermine
the cherished traditions of
this nation"
He conceded that a mo
tivating factor in the estab-
lishment of US. Catholic
parochial schools was sob
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
Ponlp...

CONTINUED from Page II
Guided with an address by
the Pope.
After his speech, the Pope
impaired his blessing to all
present. The secretary gen.
eral of the council, Arch
Bishop Pericle Felici, then
read the customary publica-
ton of the indulgence re-
ceived from the blessing.
The Pope then removed his
ceremonial vestments, went
to the faldstool for a mo-
ment of private prayer. Then
he rose and left the council
hall on foot, accompanied
only by the members of his
personal service.
The other council fathers
then filed out without pro-
cession.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

Mrs. Thomas Shannon is
committee chairman for a re-
ception which will be held at
the conclusion of the pro-
gram.
The Critics Forum is spon-
sored by International Fed
GRAFTON of Catholic Alum
nae, Columbus Circle. Tick
cts may be obtained through
Mrs. Larry Davis of st.
Christopher parish.
Proceeds benefit the Di-
ocesan Child Guidance Cen
ter.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
George M. WOLF
buried Yesterday

Solemn Requiem Mass was
offered at 10 am, yester-
day, in st. John the Evange-
list Church, Columbus, for
George M. WOLF, father of
Msgr. George T. WOLF, rector
of st. Charles Seminary.
Mr.. WOLF died Monday.
He was IS, and a retired
baker. He belonged to st.
Paul's Society, the Holy
Name Society, and was a
charter member of the Ameri-
car Bakery and Confection-
airy Workers Union Local 81.
Besides Msgr. WOLF, he is
survived by a son, Frank
j., of Columbus; two grand
children and a sister in Ger
many.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

DIR. TORCZON is an in
structor in the English De-
partment at OSU. His special
field of interest is the Rem
aissance. He is currently
working on a book on Ed
mund Spenser and the mod
ern novel.
During the summer quar-
ter he taught courses on
Shakespeare and modern lit
erature. This winter he will
teach a course on fiction.
Born in Columbus, Ne
braska, in 1892, DR.. Torczon
received his bachelor of arts
degree from Creighton Uni
versity in 1854. He served
with the US. Army Military
Intelligence as a first lieu
tenant from 1854 to 1856. He
received a Ph.D from the
University of Nebraska in
1860.
DR.. Torczon is married and
the father of four children.
He is a member of Immacu-
late Conception parish.
DR.. Bernard O'Kelly, of
the OSU English Depart
ment, will moderate the for
UNI and conduct the question
and answer period.
"A Canticle for Liebo-
WITT" is set in the future. 1t
is an account of civilization
after an about nuclear dis
aSter.
FROM THE chaos and
confusion springs ano I'll
society which rivals our own.
However, as the new world
takes shape, the vices of per-
verified power and ambition
remain.
The central figures in the
novel are the inhabitants Of
a monastery in the desert of
Utah called the Albertian Or
der of LeibowitZ, named af-
ter a martyr who lived short
ly after the nuclear disaster
of the goth century.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

Bishops and abbotS are spok-
en- of as in attendance. No
doubt history will say the
same of the Second Vatican
Council, with its anticipated
number of 1000 to $500 Bish-
ops taking part.
The climax of a visit to
Rome is the audience of the
Holy Father. We were fortu.
nate in two ways to be among
the 10000 on Oct. 3. The
audience may well have been
the last regular Wednesday
appearance of the Holy Fa-
Their before the Council and
because the audience was
held in st. Peters, we had a
chance to see the interior
which had been closed to Wis
itors. Walking about was re-
stricted, but we could see the
tiers of seats for the Bishops
in place in the nave.
The Holy Father was car
ried into st. Peters, seated
in his chair mounted on a
platform carried on the
shoulders of a dozen men in
uniform, to the accompani-
ment of deserved handicap
ping and applause. His Holt
ness spoke for twenty min
utes seated before the papal
altar in the %juncture of the
nave, apse and two transepts.
The people were on three
sides of the Pope and behind
him stretched the tiers of
seats the length of the nave,
now empty except for a few
Workingmen.
POPE JOHN is filled with
thoughts of the Council. He
talked of nothing else, I'M
derstandably. He referred at
length to his trip by train,
which he was to take the
very next day to Loreto and
Assist.
At the end of his talk and
blessing, the Holy Father
greeted every Bishop sepa-
rately. There were about
twenty present, from our
country and several parts of
the world.
After the Holy Father left
st. Peters and the audience
was over the thousands in
attendance scattered accord
ing to their plans.
AS | write this, we now
have only a few days until
the Council formally opens.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
The Bishop writes -.

Gospel and the beloved disci-
pie who followed his Master
to the foot of the cross.
Hence its name today of st.
John Lateran Basilica.
The church has been de-
stroyed by invaders and
damaged by earthquake and
fire, but always rebuilt. Here
in 1929 the pact between the
Church and Italy was signed,
settling the Roman question
that had made the Popes vol
untary prisoners in the Vati-
can since the revolution of
1870. After the Treaty, the
Popes have returned to the
Lateran on occasion, and
they have solemnly taken
possession of st. John Later
an as Bishops of Rome.
What interests us, at the
start of another Council, is
that five General Councils of
the Church have been held at
st. John Basilica. These
Councils are known as La
teran Councils, in the same
way that the Vatican gives
its name to the present Coun-
Gil, even though the actual
sessions are held in st. Pc
ter's.
Four of the Lateran Coun-
ellis were held successfully
there in 1923, 1139, 1179 and
1915. These are the ninth to
twelfth Ecumenical Coun-
ellis. They are the first Coun-
ellis not held in the East. The
Fifth Council at the Lateran
followed in 1912 and lasted
for five years. 1t was the
18th General Council.
The first eight Councils
of the Church were concern
ed with the Qualification of
the great truths of faith, as
there were heresies involv-
ed. When the Councils be-
gan to be held in the West,
at the Lateran in Rome, the
uppermost problem was dis
cipline, or the inner life of
the Church.
The aim was much like
the purpose of Pope John in
convoking this 21st Council,
a renewal of the Church in
living the Gospel.
THE FIRST Lateran Coun-
Gil has been described as
"the grandest spectacle
Rome, and the whole West,
had seen for hundreds of
years" From 500 to 1000
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

lection to the indoctrination
in public schools of Catholic
children in the religious ten
cts and practices of other
denominations" He added:
Catholics would make the
same objection today to de-
nominational teaching or SER
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
Schools
(Continued from Page ID

CONTINUED from Page ID
the Catholic Times; FIR. Ber-
nard McClory, assistant d.
rector of charities.
FIR. Hugh Murphy, modera-
tor of the Diocesan Council
of Catholic Men; Frank Van
Hottie, DCCM pre- sident;
James Hollern, executive
secretary of the Ohio Catho-
lie Welfare Conference; Mrs.
George De Nucci, past DCCW
president; and Mrs. John
Steele, president of the Home
and School Association.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

Those travellers who own
green thumbs might be
surprised to know that the
highly industrial state of
New Jersey is called 1.-THE
Garden State" and its mot
to still holds true today,
Liberty and Prosperity"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

Montana, whose trails
were blazed by the boots of
miners, is rightfully called
the Treasure State" and
its Spanish-sounding motto,
"Oro y Plata Gold and Sill
ver)" recalls earlier days of
Striking it rich"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
Critics forum:
Book deals With
~pOSt-nucIedr WOrLd

DR.. Vernon Torczon will review "a Canticle for Liebo-
witz at the second 1868 Critics Forum Wednesday, Oct. II.
The program is scheduled to begin at SIS in st. Charles
Seminary auditorium 4
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
@ N ROLF

MISSIONARY MAILBAG: What rock n ron means IN ma
American youngster doesn't need any explanation. But for
one OF our Near East missionaries the phrase can easily have
a very different sound. Rock" means buildings chapel. n
hospital, a chldrenS home. "Roll" suggests eating-something
the poor Palestine refugees in their barren tent towns should
certainly do more often! Frank K. from California writes.
i am twelve years and most of my money has been spent
on rock and roll records and comic books. l decided to give
up some of these and give my money to the missions"
Thank you, Frank. If every twelve year old bow were a "a
erous as you, we could build many more schools, churchex
clinics.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

TO Antioch with its Eastern, non-Latin liturgy. Unwise Por-
tueuese pressure only deepened Jac0bite devotion to their
schismahc church. One day they met to swear ON a cross their
allegiance. So great was the crowd that ropes were tied to the
cross that all might come in touch with it. AS the people leaned
and tugged upon the ropes, the cross itself was bent. Today
many of those whose fOrefathers swore on the bent cross are
reunitng with the Holy See. The pastor of the new mission of
Attachakal in southern India writes that he has SIS families who
have reunited. Another $50 families, including prominent COM
munity leaders, are disposed to come into union. He hopes to
receive most of them in the next three months. But where
shall he receive them? These reunited brothers, Christians from
apostolic times, need a church. Land will cost $l,70O and the
chapel $1,000. Pope John pleaded in this year of the Vatican
Council for reunion among all Christians. What better me-
mortal to this intention at this special time than a chapel for
AttachakaI?
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12
MISSION
is OCT. q
INDIA: THE Bent CROSS"

WE HAVE SWORN ON THE BENT CROSS" THIS HAS
BEEN FOR CENTURIES THE PROUD BOAST OF CHRIS
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

landed there in the sixteenth GEN.
fury. Unmindful of the traditions
of the Christians they found there,
they tried to force them into union
with the Holy See. These people
traced their Christian faith back TO
st. Thomas the Apostle, martyred and
buried at Mylapur "The Town of
PeaCocks," a suburb of Madras. Dur
ing Moslem invasiOns, the Malabar
Christians drifted into schism. adopt
ing first Nest0rianism and later
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

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The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-10-12

! un0
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