davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-09-30

Once again the Turks showed
their friendship and loyalty by
being the first NATO country to
halt shipments in their vessels to
Cuba. Feridun c. Erkin, Turkish
Foreign Minister and former AM
bassador to Washington, said on
Thursday that Turkish shipown-
ers had voluntarily halted all car
go movements to Cuba in their
ships after they heard q govern
ment recommendation to do 50.
No other NATo governments
have gone so far--as yet. But
West Germany Is known to be
sympathetic to American views
and italian iabcrert have on eeV-
eraI occasions refused to work
ships bound for Cuban ports.
There is one embarrassing as
pect for the administration ia the
matter Of ships in the Cuban
trade. Senator Keating Of New
York last week charged that
many allied and neutral ships
which deliver cargoes to the Conn
munist island come to the United
States to pick UP return loads of
American foreign aid for Europe
and other ports. He demanded
that the State and Agriculture
Departments do something about
Evening star., 1962-09-30
U. S. Subsidy

"In effect, the American tax
payer is partially subsidizing the
Cuban buildup by offering prof.
table return cargoes to vessels
unloading at Cuban ports" he
declared.
As for the Pentagon's activities,
It was disclosed that the United
States Army and Navy are now
accepting enlistments of Cuban
exile volunteers into special units
for five months training In guer-
rilla and amphibious warfare.
After this training, the Cubans
may enlist in regular United
States units or be released for
possible enrolment in an anti
Castro expeditionary force.
The move was hailed by DR..
Jose Miro Cardona, president Of
the Cuban Revolutionary Coun-
ell, as a great step toward the
elimination Of communism In the
Western Hemisphere"
Finally, recent reports Of un-
rest and uprisings in Cuba were
given new emphasis last week
Continued on Page b.
Evening star., 1962-09-30
THE FOREIGN SCENE
A New Soviet Move
ToStrengthenC Cubo

Cuban dictator Castro an
nounced on Tuesday that the
Soviet Union would jointly
build and use . new fishing"
port near Havana.
The House on Wednesday
passed the Senate approved
resolution backing the use Of
force. IL necessary, By the Presi-
dent, In the Cuban eflsis
The Soviet Union, holding no
bases close to the United States,
save those in northern Siberia
which adjoin Alaska, has taken
advantage Of freedom Of the
seas" to spy on the United States.
The appearance of Russian
fishing trawlers" whenever Unit
ed States Polaris submarines are
out on maneuvers, or when
America carries on nuclear test
ing in the Pacific, is regarded as
coincidental only by the hope
lessly naive.
The officers and crew Of these
Red vessels double in brass. They
catch fish to be sure. But their
highly trained men aboard also
conduct oceanographic studies
and observations and military in
telligence operations.
Accordingly. the announcement
by Fidel Castro last week that
the Soviet Union has agreed to
help build a port near Havana
for q Joint Russian-C Cuban fish
ing fleet caused considerable con-
Germ In Washington.
Evening star., 1962-09-30

however, that reserve marshals,
instead Of troops, should be sent
there If that is necessary.
If there was much feeling in
the State itself thatsit had en-
barked upon a hopeless course Of
action it was not expressed OPEN
ly. The official line there re-
manned that the Governors posi-
ton would be held regardless of
the cost in prestige. money or
even human life. Its nameless
critics pointed out what every
body else was pointing out: 1t
was going to take Mississippi a
long time to get over this at
tempt at notification.
Evening star., 1962-09-30
Court Orders

The courts months ago began
issuing orders that the Negro stu
dent must be admitted.
Thus there was created once
more q stalemate Of the kind
that had appeared in Southern
States since the Supreme Courts
landmark decision Of 1854. The
most famous resistance case was
Little Rocks in 1857. There Gov.
Orval E. Faubus called out Ma
tional Guard troops to prevent
Negroes from entering q high
school. A Federal District Court
issued an Injunction against him.
The Governor gave in and with
drew the troops. When q threat
ening crowd gathered at the
school, President Eisenhower sent
Army paratroopers to guard the
scene and make the entry of the
Negro students safe.
Until the middle Of last week
1t was generally assumed that
after making q bold stand, Gov.
Ross Barnett Of Mississippi would
capitulate In the same manner.
But instead he refused three
times to bow to Federal court
orders to admit the would-be stu
dent, James H. Meredith. He In
etructed State officials to resist
10 the last.
Evening star., 1962-09-30
The Resolution

Coming one day before the
House voted on the Senate-ap-
proved resolution backing the use
Of military force by the President.
II necessary, to bar Cuban ag-
gresSion or subversive acts in the
hemisphere, the Castro -Krenlin
agreement helped sharpen the de-
bate on the legislation.
The final vote on the resolu-
ton, the unchanged Senate ver-
sion, was 384 to Z. But that was
not the real story. On a Republi-
can motion to send the resolu-
ton back to mittee for
stronger language, nearly one
third Of the House m e m bers
voiced their support.
The ISL to lao vote against it
found 1877 Republicans joined by
three Democrats who felt that q
specific statement to the effect
that the Monroe Doctrine had
already been violated by the in
ternational Communist move
ment in Cuba should be incor-
porated in the resolution.
The most widely quoted re-
marks by one of the action
now" proponents was that by
Representative Brown, Republi-
can of Ohio, who said:
"If Teddy Roosevelt had been
in office when Mr.. Castro seized
power in Cuba, our Marines would
have gone in and shaved off Cas-
troS beard"
He denounced what he called
"a snamby-pamby policy of at
tempting to appease and Of re-
lying on other countries to help
u.s."
In reply, Democratic leaders
called for unity and said that the
resolution would warn Soviet ag-
gressors and Castro and tell our
allies and our own people Of our
Evening star., 1962-09-30
AProvoc0tion

1t was Q provocative develop
ment and one which, as could be
expected, strengthened the argu-
ment Of those many Americans
who are demanding that Presi-
dent Kennedy do something about
the establishment Of a Soviet
foothold in the Western Hemi-
sphere.
If the Castro announcement is
to be believed, the Russians will
help finance construction Of the
port facilities and then would use
them under q 10-year contract.
Cuban labor and materials would
be used, but Russia would pro-
vide machinery on credit and
further compensate Cuba with
additional shipments Of food.
The Kennedy administrations
reaction to the announcement
was one Of skepticism. At the
Pentagon, particularly. the feel
ing was that the russians
planned to fish for more than
seafood. Some officers feared the
establishment Of Russian sub
marine base.
But washington officials made
it clear that no counter-action
by the United States was planned
other than to intensity the Presiz.
dents "watchful waiting" policy.
Evening star., 1962-09-30
Congress-:
Home Stretch

The s7th Congress rushed
action on q series Of bills In an
eff8rt to get adjournment by
the end Of this week IL possible.
with the segregation crisis in
Mississippi and increasing polit-
ical activity everywhere, Congress
last week was the actor who had
held the center Of the stage while
the scenery was being removed
behind him.
The sum of its accomplish
ments for this session was al
ready known; only the clearing up
Of some details remained. True,
this may involve some bitter feel
ings and some delaying tactics,
but not much appeared to stand
in the way of the lawmakers get
ting out Of town by the end Of
the week unless a threatened de-
laying tactic materializes. Senator
Smathers Of Florida threatened
to act to keep the Senate in ses-
sion to prevent a possible veto on
q pension tax bill.
Evening star., 1962-09-30
The Conflict

Federal marshaIs accompanied
Mr.. Meredith each time he tried
to register. At the last effort
on Wednesday Federal marshals
were pitted physically against
State officials in q showing con-
test outside the gates Of the uni
versity at Oxford. The orders of
a Federal court had been thwarted
by force by State representatives.
The conflict was the gravest that
had arisen between Federal and
State power since the Civil war.
= The administration was quick
to say that it would use every
available method to enforce the
courts orders. It moved for the
first time against the Governor
personally. Before that the court
moves had been against the uni
versity trustees. Gov. Barnett was
ordered to appear before the
Fifth Circuit Of Appeals in New
Orleans on Friday to show why
he should not be found in con-
tempt Of the courts orders.
Evening star., 1962-09-30
The WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
The Gravest Rights Crisis Yet

"A Federal court ordered Gov.
Ross Barnett Of Mississippi TO
allow the registration Of a Ne
gro student, James II. Mere
dith, In the University of Mis-
sissippi by Tuesday or to 60 to
Jail.
The battle Of school segrega-
ton had been fought and lost in
so many Southern States that it
was hard to believe that it could
come up again with such viru-
lence. Yet that is exactly what
happened last week in Mississippi.
Apparently unlearned were the
lessons In Arkansas where the
troops were called out to enforce
integration orders and in Louisi-
ana where the principle of 'in-
terposition" was lost in the courts
and In Virginia where the hard
est and most astute legal ma
neuvering failed in the end.
Equally unprofited by were the
experiences in Georgia and Ten
nessee where integration was pro-
ceding with apparent success.
But Mississippi was different.
There the key factor appeared to
be a stubborn Governor who
vowed he'd go to jail before he'd
let q mild-mannered Negro vet
eran Of the Korean war attend
classes with white students at the
State university. His determina-
tion was steadied by the close and
vocal support Of his political al
lies in the white Citizens coun-
ell
Evening star., 1962-09-30
Ignores Heorina

The Governor did not attend
the Orleans hearing. Eight judges
of the Circuit court heard the
Governments request that he be
held. in contempt. The court
found the Governor in contempt
and gave him until next Tues
day morning to allow Mr.. Mere
dith's registration or go to jail. In
addition, it ordered q $4,000 a
day fine for as long a period as
the Governor remains in, con-
tempt of the court.
The Government made it clear
that 1t wanted to make every eff
fort to see that the courts orders
were obeyed with the least dis
ruption Of the national interest"
and that was why it suggested
that the Governor be given a few
more days to purge himself by
complying with the courts order.
1t reaffirmed, however, that it in
tended to enforce the orders by
whatever means were found nec-
cessary.
There could be no question that
the Governments forbearance
had indeed been tested during
week Of steady defiance, the
events Of which went like this:
MONDAY
The Fifth Circuit Court Of Ap-
peals was told that the trustees
Of the university had defied its
previous order to admit Mr.. Mere
dith. The trustees argument be-
fore the court was that power
to act had been taken from them
by Gov. Barnett who had per-
sonally refused to register him on
Thursday. The court found that
the trustees were "wilfully and
! Intentionally" violating the order
and instructed them to do every
thing in their power to register
him. It did not find them in con-
tempt.
The trustees agreed to comply
with the courts order.
Gov. Barnett issued an execu-
tive order calling for the arrest
of any Federal official who at
tempted to arrest or fine any
Mississippi official performing his
duties. The proclamation was
Evening star., 1962-09-30
As of Now

This was the way things stood:
FOREIGN TRADE BILL - A
House and Senate conference COM
mittee approved q final form Of
this bill. It gives the President
unprecedented powers to cut or
Evening star., 1962-09-30

nett but the Governor did not
appear. The case was heard in
his absence and he was found in
contempt and given until Tuesday
to comply with the court orders.
A detachment Of 110 Army en-
gineers was ordered to Memphis
to give administrative and logis-
tic" support TO the growing num-
Der of marshals there. Reports
said the Defense Department
planning included the use Of / 500
additional troops If necessary.
They would be military police and
infantrymen.
SATURDAY
A three-judge panel found 1t.
Gov. johnson guilty Of contempt
for his part in preventing Mr..
Meredith from entering the uni
yersitEA The court ordered Mr..
johnson fined $1,000 q day unless
he complies with court orders by
IL am, Tuesday. He did not
appear &c the hearing.
In the Senate q resolution was
offered supporting enforcement Of
the courts orders BY every ap-
propriate means. The authors
were Democratic Senator Douglas
and Republican Senator Heating.
1t branded the action Of certain
Mississippi officials as a "dis-
credit" to the Nation. The resolI-
ton was not expected to be voted
upon since little would be gained
by q Senate debate on the issue
now. A minority viewpoint was
heard in comments from Missis-
sippfs two Democratic Senator's,
Stennis and Eastland. In floor
speeches they defended Gov. Bar
nett. Five House members wired
the Governor their support.
The prevailing viewpoint was
that Southern legislators would
either speak in favor Of the Gov
ernor's action or remain quiet.
One who disagreed was bold
enough to say so. He was Senator
Holland. Democrat Of Florida,
who said Mississippi was wrong
in defying the court orders.
Former President Eisenhower
was on record with: ''Mississippi's
action is absolutely unconscion-
able and indefensible." He felt,
Evening star., 1962-09-30
FRIDAY

The eight judges Of the Fifth
Circuit Court Of Appeals assem-
bled in New Orleans to hear the
contempt case against Gov. Bar
Evening star., 1962-09-30
Loyal Turks

Western capitals.
Evening star., 1962-05-27

GIVE DAD A SUBSCRIPTION TO "sHoWr'
unusuoI and sure TO be appreciated
gift for Fother's Doy. SPeeioI gift subserip-
tion booth in the clothing departments of
The Heeht Co.'S 5 stores.
Filipino forum. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1928-196?, 1962-03-15
RizoI Doy
SoIemni+y ~

To celebrate the commemor-
alton of Rizal's execution as an
unmitigated tragedy is to mis-
understand the real significance
of his death, which was, to
him, a physical destruction, but
a moral victory - the greatest
that has ever been scored by
the brown race, whose Lapu
Lapu struck the first blow a
.gainst European colonialism,
when he killed the equally
brave Magellan.
1t is a cardinal principle of
presenting show that there
must be some humor now and
then, even in a high tragedy,
such as King Lear, Macbeth,
Othelo, and Hamlet. In the muir
der scene in Macbeth, Shakes
peare boldly inserts a comic
scene to relieve the tension
which is close to the breaking
point.
Philosophically and spiritual
ly the death of a martyr is a
triumph. One of the movies on
Joan of Arc is entitled, Triumph.
The Christian martyrs, who
were executed at the Roman
Arena, sang glorious songs, for
they regarded death as birth
for eternity.
Let us not forget that after
Viernes Santo, Sabado Gloria,
heralds Pascua Florida, and
that the Cross is a symbol OF
Resurrection.
! 1t is, therefore, perfectly all
Filipino forum. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1928-196?, 1962-03-15

right to applaud speakers at a
Rial Day program, or to hold a
dance and a coronation. "a
To insist on I00% solemnity,
to bawl out Rial Day audi
ence when it spontaneously APP
'plauds a speaker, whose per-
Torrance they appreciate and
then announce as if it were a
great discovery that three times
Rial had intended to marry
and then hold a dance is to be
consistently inconsistent and
artificial.
1t is a biological and phys
Illogical fact that every heal
thy male or female thinks of
marriage, a hundred times in
his life time, whether it is re-
corded or not. A lady of Spar
tan temperament said, "That
the observation that Rial
thought of marriage three times
may have relation to the per-
sonal life of the speaker, but
mot to the greatness of Rial.
That is descending from the
sublime to the trivial"
We studied the sociology of
marriage and the family, but
we cannot speak from expert
ence. On this subject, we yield
to the superior authority of our
friends, Aurelio Ramos and Adj
riano Passion, who have success
full married life, not to divorces,
like Governor Rockefeller and
Luis Araneta, nor to fellow
bachelors like Victoria A. Vel
assoc and Senator Magnuson.
IT A RDSO
Filipino forum. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1928-196?, 1962-03-15
w HAT GOES ON

MIR. and Mrs. LangOey hOsted
a reception at their home, 1914
18th N. E. for two visiting art
lists last month: Lita Gutierrez,
movie star of L.V.N. Studio in
Manila, and COrbeIita J. Astra-
quillO, soprano, a recent Phi. D.
in Music from Indiana Univer-
sity. Miss Gutierrez appeared
at the KOkusai Theatre Feb. 81
%, and Miss AstraquillO gave a
concert at the Meany Hall Feb.
%.
The Philippine Consulate Gen
eral entertained Mrs. Elisa Gu
tierrez Abello at Cocktails at
the West Swing Inn last Feb. 49,
Mrs. Abello, wife of the new
Philippine Ambassador to Wash
ington, Mr.. Emilio Abello, was
passing through from M n | a
on her way to Washington.
Carmelita Zapata, daughter OF
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Zapata,
3O26 Andover ST., participated
in the Sophomore Recital of the
Holy Names Academy last
March 10 at 800 pm. Carmelita
played Fantasy in c" on the
piano with String accompani-
ment.
Another Filipino student in
the recital was Clare Estigoy
soprano, who sang "The Ouch
STA Tree"
One more newcomer in the
Filipino community is a baby
boy born to Mrs. Salvador Tira
iona last Feb. IL. The baby has
been named Robert Eugene. The
Tirazonas have five other chill
dren: Cecilia, Ia; Robinette, Is
Franklin, IL; Rita, II; Salvador
Jr., 7.
During Movie actress Lita
Gutierrez One-Week stay in Sc.
attic last month, she was the
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. Max Sal
Filipino forum. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1928-196?, 1962-03-15

vadOr, 24Ol N. 10th. Miss Gut
ierrez and MIR. Salvador hail
from the same town - LaOag,
IlOcOs Norte in the Philippines.
Miss Gutierrez packed the Ku-
kusai Theatre for two nights
with a repertoire of Latin dane
ing and Philippine folk songs.
Filipino forum. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1928-196?, 1962-03-15

TO PROMOTE TRAVEL-EmiIe
Heredio, president Of Phil
Am TroveI Agency Oakland,
California, is shown at San
Francisco International Air
port February 10, 1852
prior TO his departure for
Tokyo via japan Air Lines
Jet Courier. During his three
week trip Mr.. Heredio in
tends TO promote troveI be.
tween the United Stotes, the
Orient, and the Philippines.
He hos scheduled a visit TO
his Manila office with this in
mind. Japan Air Lines photo)
Filipino forum. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1928-196?, 1962-03-15

During Movie actress Lita
Gutierrez One-week stay in Sc
attic last month, she was the
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. Max Sal
Evening star., 1962-04-12
R. E. Mclaughlin
Named Director
OF Crime Group

Robert E. Mclaughlin, for
mer District Commissioner, has
been elected a member Of the
board of directors Of the
Citizens Crime Commission of
Metropolitan Washington.
Elected to membership in the
commission were:
Commissioner John B. Dun
can; Ben StrouSe, president o1
Radio Station WWDC; c.
Aubrey Gasque, deputy director
Of administrative offices of the
U. S. Courts; Mrs. Agnes Bea-
ton, busineSSwOman: Belford
Lawson, jr.. attorney; William
H. Gibson. businessman; Rich
ard Balm of the American Guild
of Variety Artists; William K.
Norwood of the Metropolitan
Washington Board of Trade;
R. Douglas Dyas of the Ma
tional Conference Of Police AS
Sociations; William S. Thomp-
son, attorney; George G. JEFF
ferson, member of the District
Board of Parole; Woolsey Hall,
attorney: Mrs. Eva Bray, pres
ident of the American News
paper Women's Club.
Elected to organization men,
bership was the D. C. Police
mems Association.
Evening star., 1962-04-12
6. 0. P. Shuns Dispute,
Hits Kennedy Initiation

Antitrust Subcommittee, said
he couldn't subscribe to Mr..
Kennedy's statement that the
action of the steel companies
was irresponsible and defiant.
He said he feels that respon-
Sible businessmen like the steel
company executives are "just
as interested in the welfare of
the Nation as elected Off
cialS."
Senator Hickenlooper OF
Iowa, chairman of the Senate
G. o. P. Policy Committee, said
in a separate interview he
doesn't follow the President't
reasoning since he said Mr.
Kennedy has encouraged ac-
tions which brought about in
creased costs to the steel in
dustry. He said when costs &c
up, prices go up"
In st. Louis, Senator Gold
water, Republican of Arizona,
termed the boost necessary and
reasonable.
Senator DirkSen declined to
speculate on whether Pres
ident Kennedy Jumped the
gun" at his news conference
yesterday in caStigating the
steel companies. He also re-
fused to say whether he thought
the administration had been
too deeply involved in the steel
contract negotiations.
President Kennedy decried
the increase in steel prices,
denounced those who were not
sacrificing enough, and warned
of initiation" the Illinois Sen
ator said.
Sees Wrong Emphasis
1--WE note that the emphasis
has been placed on increased
cost of living, but we would
suggest that Mr.. Kennedy is
looking in the wrong place for
the basic cause of initiation"
Mr.. Halleck produced figures
he said showed that increases
in Kennedy administration
budget proposals this year alone
added up to more than the
entire cost of the Federal Gov
ernment in 1910. Recalling that
Mr.. Kennedy has sent "a mes
sages to Congress this year, Mr.
Halleck commented:
1--WE would like to suggest a
25th presidential message. II
would call for a cutback in
non-defense spending. It would
not only help stem the threat
of initiation but would be ap-
plauded by all Americans who
are filling out their income tax
returns for April 15."
Evening star., 1962-04-12
FBl Rouses Reporter
In Night Steel Quiz

who interviewed Mr.. Martin
after the meeting.
1t could not be determined
Immediately if Mr.. Lawrence
also had been contacted by the
FBI, but the agents asked both
Mr.. Linder and Mr.. Parks if
they knew where Mr.. Lawrence
could be reached.
Mr.. Linder said the agents
went over his entire conversa-
ton with the Bethlehem Steel
president and what Mr.. Martin
had told the stockholders.
Il repeated what the A.P. had
reported, that Martin had said
there should not be any steel
price rise, that in fact competi-
ton in the United States and
from foreign sources should
result in price reductions" Mr..
Linder said.
Bethlehem Statement
Today the Bethlehem Steel
Corp. issued this statement:
Neither Mr.. Martin nor the
company has issued any state
ment concerning remarks at
tributed to him at the annual
stockholders meeting on April
10. In response to an inquiry
from Washington, made yes
terday. a Bethlehem represent
ative explained that IVr. Mar
tin was quoted incorrectly as
saying that there should not be
any price rise even after the
new labor contract goes into eff
feet on July l. Mr.. Martin was,
in fact, indefinite about the
matter of prices. He indicated
that the further increase in
costs which will result from the
new labor agreement is unfor-
tunate at a time when we are
trying to hold the price line"
At Wilmington, Mr.. Parks
said the FBI agents asked him
about his story and advised
him to keep his notes.
"The FBI rehashed the en-
tire procedure of getting the
story" Mr.. Parks said. 1.-THE
fellows were most polite. I was
a little put out by this guy Mar
tin saying he had been mis-
quoted, but I understand after
talking with Bethlehem Steel
this morning that they did not
deny the story"