davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-28

and nothing more was knowr
of the plane until its wreckage
scattered over q smoke black.
ened area about 200 yards
square, was found about II
hours later on q 2.400-foot hill
near the Inca ruins Of Pacha-
camac, Is miles south Of Lima
The site Is near q suburban
slum called City Of God. not
far from the Pan American
highway.
Twenty Of the bodies were
brought to q Lima morgue last
night. Rescue workers left until
morning the difficult task OF
lowering the others down the
steep sides Of the mountain.
Among those who died was
Raul Cepero Bonilla, Cuba Ma
tional Bank president and q
top economic adviser to Prime
Minister Fidel Castro. The
Peruvian Agriculture Minister,
Maj. Gen. Jesus Melgar, and
his wife also were killed.
The American victims in
cluded Paul A. Best, president
of the California Crude Sales
Co. Of San Francisco, a sub
sidiary Of Standard Oil of Cali
fornia. A resident Of Palo Alto,
he would have been 50 today
Most Of the victims were
burned or mutilated beyond
recognition.
10 for Los Angeles
The flight originated in Porto
Allegro. a southern Brazilian
city. but the major pickup of
passengers was at Dio de Ja-
metro. The airline said 10 Of
the passengers had tickets for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-28

contributions but from the fact
that until recent years the Gov
eminent didn't even match the
employe contributions.
At present. the Government
does match employee contribu-
tons, but this isn't nearly
enough to make UP for the 80
or more years when the Gov
eminent contributed little or
nothing to the retirement fund.
While administration officials
do not feel that Congress ever
win allow the retirement fund
to go bankrupt. they feel there
is a real danger that the future
annuities and survivor bene-
fits due present Government
workers and their families on
retirement could be ydrastically
sealed down If no immediate
action is taken on reducing the
deficit.
Testimony Recalled
Testimony before Congress
last year disclosed that If i'm
mediate action is not taken to
bolster the retirement fund,
annual appropriations in the
not-so-distant future of So or
81 billion a year may be re-
quired to keep the retirement
fund financially solvent.
Since no one knows what the
economy of the United States
will be at that time-10 to Is
years hence-there is the dis
ltinct possibility that rather
than appropriate billions Of
dollars each year for the retire.
ment fund. Congress will slash
retirement benefits for Federal
workers or transfer the retire.
ment system to the much less
liberal social security, admins
tration officials feel.
Hence, they feel it is i'm
perative that Congress start
appropriating additional funds
for the retirement system right
away, so that huge expendi-
lures Of So or "a billion a year
within the next 10 to Is years
will not be required to save the
fund from bankruptcy.
/ N-STEP RAISES-The Con-
troller General has ruled that
Federal employees who COM
pleted the required service for
a salary step increase on Oc-
tober Is, 1852. the day before
the effective date of the new
pay raise law which increased
the waiting period for certain
step-increaSes. are entitled to
] their step-increase. They do
not have TO serve the additional
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-28
Rescuers Bringing 81 Crash Victims
Off Peru Peak; Cause Still Unknown

LIMA, Peru, Nov. % (AP).-
Rescue workers labored today
at the slow and arduous task OF
bringing down from 9 rocky
peak the bodies Of 81 persons
killed IN the crash Of q Los
Angeles-bound Brazilian Jet
liner. It was aviation history'S
eighth worst disaster.
Nineteen Of the dead were
listed as Americans. There were
no survivors - and no i'm
mediate explanation-of the
crash in good flying weather
minutes before the Boeing TOT
was 10 make a predawn land
ing at Ltma's airport yesterday.
"A Peruvian cabinet member,
ayhigh Cuban economic Off
cial and q California oil execu-
tive we're among the 80 pas
senger victims. The plane
carried q crew Of II.
CAB Sending Official
The Civil Aeronautics Board
In Washington announced 1t
was sending q high official TO
join Peruvian authorities in
the investigation OF the crash,
A spokesman said the United
States agency wants Ito learn
anything we can from an acct
dent. no matter where 1t &C.
ours, because these are our
planes"
An official Of the Brazilian
Airline Varig said everything
was apparently going normally"
when the captain suddenly de-
clared, This Is an emergency"
The captain gave no clue Of
the nature Of the emergency
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-28
BY JOSEPH YOUNG
Star staff Writer

S~~A ON0AA "AAsNA
The unfounded liability Of the
civil service retirement system
has zoomed to SGT billion-a
state Of affairs that Is causing
concern among administration
officials.
The $37 billion actuarial def
lett is a rise of So billion over
the deficit of last year. The So
billion deficit increase is caused
mainly by the recent Federal
pay raise which has the effect
Of increasing the annuities that
Government workers will be
entitled to on retirement (Fed-
ersl annuities are based in part
on the high five-year salary
period of Government EN-
ployes).
In addition, the retirement
funds deficit increases each
year because Of the greater
amount of Federal workers who
goson the retirement rolls each
year. Also, the cost rose be-
cause of hberalized retirement
benefits enacted this year.
ga Concern Noted
Civil Service Commission Of
ficials estimate that the retire
rnent fund will go bankrupt BY
1880 unless the Government
present contribution to the
fund is increased. At present
the. Government matches tn,
61s per cent salary contribution
by. Federal employees.
Deeply concerned by the $31
billion actuarial deficit, the
CSC together with top admin.
istration officials Is working or
proposals to be made to Con-
gress to strengthen the fund
financially and lower the de-
ficit.
Last year the administration
proposed a permanent continu-
ing type of financing by the
Government which would add
funds to the retirement system
at whatever point its resources
dropped below the amount OF
total employe contributions.
However, this was not acted on
by Congress.
Approaches Studied
The administration is study
ing a variety of plans for addi-
tional Government financing Of
the fund, but no specific ap.
proach for recommendation IL
Congress has yet been decided
Increased salary contribution
by Federal employees is not beinl
considered, since the retiremen
funds present difficulty result
not from inadequate employ,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-28
The Stor Is Victimized
BY a Forged Letter

The Star yesterday the victim of hoax letter pur-
portey from Dr. wnfed Ovehoser recently retired super
nenden of St Elizabehs Hospital attacking the use OF
insanity pleas in the courts here
The unknown forger decred the Of the mental hos
pital as ian escape hatch for dangerous criminals"
In letter the editor he stated that less than per
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-28

I YEAR FREE PARTS AND
HOME SERVICE INCLUDED
Evening star., 1962-05-27
Indian Legends
Around Campfire

Indian legends will be re-
counted around a campfire on
Roosevelt Island tonight. After
the campfire program, which
begins at $3.50, Park Service
naturalists will lead a nature
walk to hear the night sounds
on the island.
The naturalists also will con-
duct a nature walk on the is
lands marsh, swamp and up
land forest trails at 2 pm. Ac-
cess to the island is by the
ferry from the float on the
Potomac at the foot of Wis
consin avenue NV.
Other week end activities are
a tour of Pennsylvania avenue
at 2:30 pm. today from the
Treasury Department at Fiji
teenth street and Pennsylvania
avenue NV. and a performance
of Puccini's "Tosca" at the
Carter Barron Amphitheater at
4 pm. today. Barge trips on the
Gao Canal are scheduled for
2 pm. today.
Evening star., 1962-05-27

onds after the astronaut haC
reentered the atmosphere.
The public, listening to the
voice Of Mercury" was never
told about this. and was giver
only vague hints for 49 minutes
thereafter that the rocket had
overshot its mark, even though
the fact Of the overshoot had
been known to Mercury off,
cials from almost the instant
re-entry began.
Reception, Parade Planned
Comdr. Carpenter and five
of the other six aStronauts, to-
gether with Col. Powers, will
fly to Patrick Air Force Base,
II miles south Of here, from
Grand Turk, on Sunday, ar
irving about 3 pm. The seventh
astronaut. Mai. Donald K
Slayton, is en- route from Aus
tralia and may not arrive in
time.
A motorcade of convertibleS
will carry the astronauts, their
wives and officials through the
town Of Cocoa Beach to this
missile base.
At hangar S here, Mr.. Webb
will award the space agency's
Distinguished Service Medal To
the astronaut and to the num-
Der two man in the manned
flight program, Walter c. Will
liams.
Evening star., 1962-05-27
Nike-Zeus Test
Called Success

POINT MUGU. Calf, May
26 (AP).-A Nike-Zeus anti
missile rocket shot straight ur
into the sky today in q test OF
the solid-fuel projectile's ability
to reach an extremely high
altitude in seconds.
All three stages were fired
in today's test, which Army
spokesmen termed 100 pei
cent successful"
The altitude reached was not
disclosed. The Nike-Zeus is de-
signed to intercept incoming
warheads above 100 miles.
Later this year Nike-Zeus
rockets are to be fired from
Kwajalein Island in mid
Pacific in attempts to intercept
Atlas missiles launched from
Vandenberg Air Force Base in
California.
Evening star., 1962-05-27

ported by Col. Glenn were ac-
tually bits of paint flaking off
the capsule. Cosmonaut Cher
man S. Titov reported in Wash
ington May 3 that he too had
observed luminous particles.
5. In an account of the ac-
tions of the balloon he was
towing, Comdr. Carpenter said
it zigzagged so erratically and
unpredictably that apparently
it was in effect riccocheting in
a near vacuum from an initial
force at release.
The 100-foot tow line did not
seem to be pulling the balloon,
because it would loop and wind
around much Of the time. But
when the balloon got to the end
Of the tether, the result appar-
emily would be to whip the 30
inch-diameter sphere off again
in some other direction.
Holds Press Conference
Interest in what Comdr. Car
penter would have to say at
greater length grew as the time
approached for him to go be-
fore a. televised news confer
ence in a big circus style tent
not far from Hangar S tomor-
row.
Chief interest still centers
around the "cliff-hanger" re-
entry in which Comdr. Carpen-
ter turned up at sea $50 miles
from where he should have
landed.
Space agency officials here
have stated that the capsule
was not aimed right, while
Comdr. Carpenter has beer
quoted as telling debriefers al
Grand Turk that he had il
properly lined up.
Flight director christopher
Columbus Chris Kraft saiC
today that it will take a Ions
investigation to unravel the
whole tale Of the flight.
AS far as the overshoot is
concerned. Mr.. Kraft said. I'VE
think we know what caused IL
now-but 10 minutes from now
we might learn something to
change our minds" He did not
elaborate.
The story of the overshoot, as
it appears now, is as follows:
Comdr. Carpenter got ready
Evening star., 1962-05-27
than two completely separate
oneS

than two completely separate
ones.
Perisc0pe Not Needed
Another modification that
appears to be coming out Of
the flight Of Aurora-7 concerns
the periscope which Is used to
view the earth and surround
ing space. Comdr. Carpenter
told engineers he did not be-
lieve the periscope would be
worth its weight (about 300
pounds on a 24-hour flight
such as planned for next year.
Longer flights than the
three -orbit missions of Astro-
nauts Carpenter and John H.
Glenn, jr., seemed to be in the
wind, but on a sort Of "off
again, on again" basis. From
Grand Turk it was revealed
that some engineers are suf-
ficiently cheered by the results
Of the Carpenter flight that
they are thinking now Of ex-
tending the duration of the
next one to seven orbits, or
about 10 and a half hours.
AS to the experiences and in
formation in orbit, Comdr. Car
penter added these bits to the
growing body Of space lore In
his debriefing session at Grand
Turk:
/. The heating of his cap
sule blunt front end on re-
entry manifested itself as IAN
orange haze" rather than the
real fireball" reported by Col.
Glenn. This might have been
due to Col. Glenn's having re-
entered the atmosphere with
an extraneous retr o-rocket
package on the front end while
Comdr. Carpenter did not.
Saw a Strap
I 2. During re-entry, Comdr.
Carpenter saw something that
looked like a strap" flying
across the window Of his cap
sule. Visual examination of
Aurora-7 here revealed no
scorching or other marks that
might be attributed to such an
occurrence.
8. A glass globe partly filled
with colored water was studied
by Comdr. Carpenter during
flight to learn something about
the behavior Of fluids in a
weightless condition. He report
ed that the water appeared to
crawl up the wall OF the globe.
4. On the always engaging
subject Of the "cosmic fireflies, {"
Comdr. Carpenter said he found
he could make them by tapping
on the wall Of the space cap
sule. He speculated that they
might be frost flakes.
Last April 6, DR.. John
OKeefe of the Goddard Space
Flight Center. Greenbelt, Md,
said that his study convinced
him that the "fireflies" re-
Evening star., 1962-05-27

domestic rice decreased in 1861
to only about 100000 tons (ez-
cluding shipments to the Soviet
Union), compared with 760. 900
tons a year earlier and / mill
lion tons in 1889"
Evening star., 1962-05-27

mainland China's exports this
year would show any improve
ment.
The report. a summary Of the
world rice situation. said,
Mainland China's exports Of
Evening star., 1962-05-27
Social Work Award

The Florina Lasker Award
Of the New York School of
Social Work has been awarded
to Mr.. and Mrs. Karl de
Schweinitz of 3219 Volta place
NV. They we're cited for their
contributions to the admin
instration of social welfare.
Evening star., 1962-05-27
Rice Exports Drop
From Red Chino

ROME, May 26 (AP).-Rice
exports from Communist China
have dropped by two-thirds in
the last three years, the Food
and Agriculture Organization
reported today. The FAC report
said there was no indication
Evening star., 1962-05-27

for reentry by aligning the
earth's horizon with a mark
on the window Of his space
ship. II he did this correctly,
the blunt end Of his capsule
was elevated "a degrees above
the horizontal, the ideal posi-
tion to facilitate re-entry.
instruments in the capsule
and on the ground, however,
indicated that the mark and
the horizon were not lined up,
but were about 8 to 10 degrees
out Of. phase, with the capsule
at too shallow an angle.
Comdr. Carpenter, forced to
choose between what the in
struments told him and what
his eyes told him, elected to
believe his eyes. But then the
automatic sequence that should
have initiated the firing of
retro-rockets to start reentry
did not happen on time, posi-
bly, because the capsule is sup
posed to be at the 34-degree
angle before the automatic Sys-
tenn will work.
What Was Wrong?
So what caused the failure?
Were Comdr. Carpenters eyes
fooling him or was he right and
the instruments telling the
same false story to him and to
the retro-rockets?
Whatever the reason, the
automatic retro-fire did not
work, and the astronaut over
rode 1t and fired the rockets
manually to cut q little speed
from the capsules orbital We
locity and force it into the
atmosphere.
The capsule was travelling
about five miles a second at
this time, so every second of
delay in retro-firing would put
the capsule five miles off on
landing.
But everyone agrees that
Comdr. Carpenter took only
three or four seconds to fire the
rockets. A four-second delay
would mean q 20-mile over
shoot-but Aurora-7 overShot
by IL times that distance.
Did Rockets Fail?
The focus Of attention then
passes to three solid rockets in
the retro-package on the out
side of the Spacecraft. Did they
perform properly?
If the capsule was tilted at
"a to 26 degrees instead Of the
prescribed "a, then the thrust
produced would bring the cap
sule down about $50 miles off
the mark. This might indicate
that the aStronaut was wrong
after all.
But what if the capsule was
really at "a degrees, and Cmdr.
Carpenter was right? Then the
only explanation is that the
rocket did not produce the
proper amount of thrust-did
not cut the space crafts speed
by as much as they should have
done.
Public Not Informed
Another question still to bt
4 answered will be asked Of Space
Administrator James E. Webt
and 1t. Col. John A. Powers
who acts as "the voice of Mer-
curry" during flights. The. ques-
tion concerns the length of time
the public was left in the dark
about Cmdr. Carpenters fate.
-Four doctors have now stated
that good, healthy electrocardi-
ogram tracings were taken by
remote control for several Sec
Evening star., 1962-05-27
CARPENTER
Knitted Space Suit to Let Water Out;
Rescuers Found Him 'ReoI Happy
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page Al
turned up in the middle Of the
ocean.
The airman said he did not
know whether Comdr. Carpen-
ter was sleeping at the moment
he reached up and touched the
astronaut'S arm. Sergt. Mcclure
said, however, that the astro-
naut had been awake and had
acknowledged the airplane's
presence with a wave only a
minute or so earlier.
Didn't Look Tired
Comdr. Carpenter didn't
look too tired to me-" the Ser
= geant said. The only thing,
. it seemed to me he was
real happy, all smiles"
Although the astronaut said
he had water in his suit, there
was no discussion about taking
the garment off, Sergt. Nc
Clure said. Had Astronaut Car
penter chosen to do so, the
three men could have transfer
red from their tight little one
man RATS into a spacious 30
man float in which there would
have been ample room for the
two paramedics to help the
spaceman disrobe.
It was reported from the
carrier Intrepid, however. that
when Comdr. Carpenter was
abroad the rescue helicopter,
he used a knife to slash a
hole in the leg Of his suit, to
drain off accumulated sea
water. There was no indication
here Of how the water got into
the suit.
Sergt. Mcclure said he did
not know whether the capsule
was taking on sea water from
the six to eight-foot waves in
the vicinity. The capsule is
about nine feet tall.
The Aurora-7 capsule was
left floating in the sea with a
special raft around it when the
men departed in the helicopter,
'Sergt. Mcclure related.
Film Damaged
, The question of possible wa
ter aboard the Aurora-7 took
son pertinence in light Of a re-
port from Rochester, N. Y,
where film from the flight was
being processed. Technicians
there reported that motion pic
ture footage Of Comdr. Carpen-
ter's face during the flight had
been seriously damaged by salt
water.
At Hangar s here yesterday,
on arrival Of the capsule, a top
Project Mercury official said
there appeared to be little wa
ter in the craft.
Deputy Project Manager Will
liam M. Bland, jr., said the
craft would be dried out in a
vacuum chamber simply be-
cause it was bound to take on
some moisture from the humid
atmosphere just above the sur
face Of the sea. But Mr.. Bland
made it quite clear that there
was no substantial quantity of
water sloshing around inside
the capsule.
How the movie film got wa
terlogged was only one of many
developments as postfhght de-
briefing of Comdr. Carpenter
continued at Grand Turk Is
land about 1000 miles south
CdoG VI 11CICs
Left Fuel On
1t was disclosed, for instance,
that Comdr. Carpenter had
committed a pilot error" late
in his flight that cost him fuel
that might have been vital to
his safety.
By leaving q manual fuel
control on after he switched to
automatic fuel control to steer
his capsule through re-entry,
Comdr. Carpenter used more
fuel than he should have and
came back to earth with vir-
tually dry tanks.
The error was brushed off as
of no great consequence. It is
something that could be COM
pensated for in future flights by
having inter-connected fuel
tanks for the manual and au-
tomato steering modes rather
Evening star., 1962-06-07
Bon Appetit
At the Beech
!. By JOHN N. RoSS0N

Singer sewing machines. You
can still work the treadles.
Food, however. is still the
Phillips greatest concern, so
much so that even though the
law allows it, no alcoholic bev-
erages are sold. Mr.. and Mrs.
Phillips want the mphasis
placed on the menu. They do,
however. encourage their pa
irons to bring their own drinks,
particularly beer. Seafood de-
mandS beer. Glasses are gladly
supplied. You can bring it-and
most diners do-by the 6-pack.
The more the merrier.
Our meal, in addition to the
crab soup and Eastern Shore
strawberries, consisted of a
serving of delicious steamed
spiced shrimp as an added ap-
petizer, crab Creole New Or
leans. a crisp green salad, a
baked potato and homemade
apple sauce.
After the strawberries, came
coffee. The next time we'll
have the homemade pie, de-
scribed by the natives as
among the best on the Shore.
Usually it's apple, blueberry or
cherry.
OF course, there's more to the
menu than that: Hot spiced
steamed crabs (all sizes and by
the bucket), clans casino, jum-
DO fried shrimp, shrimp Nor
folk. sauteed lump crabmeat,
crab thermidor, soft shell crab
sandwiches, crab Newburg,
crab cakes, crab sala d, crab
Imperial, clans on the half
shell, broiled Maine lobste r
stuffed with lump crabmeat,
filet of founder, crab Jumps
sauteed with Smithfield ham,
and one outsider-chicken in
the basket. All the seafoods are
brought in daily from the Phil
lips packing plant at Hooper
Island on the Chesapeake.
The restaurant is open from
noon to midnight. There is also
a big carry-out shop.
Among the few good places
to stop on the way to the
beach-unless you leave the
beaten tracks, the Fisher
mans Inn, about four miles
east Of the shore end of the
Chesapeake Bay bridge. There
are large signs showing you
where it is.
It's Berliner-W -WeiSsebeer time
at the Old Europe Restaurant
and Rathskeller.
It's that delightful pale pink
beverage served in a glass
shaped something like a cham
payne goblet but almost as big
as a goldfish bowl. B-W is an
effervescent brew to which
raspberry syrup traditionally is
added for both sweetness and
color. It's sold on street cor
ners and at any random win
dow in Berlin, and American
tourists UNDERSTANDABLE -
love it.