davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-05-20

Once at war, however, Mr..
Lindbergh urged his countrymen
TO meet as united Americans re-
gardless of our attitudes in the
past"
He participated in Henry Ford's
first tests of the B-24 at Willow
Run, then Joined United Aircraft
Corp. as an engineering con-
sultant. He was nearly killed test
ing for symptoms of anoxia-
high altitude blackout.
He spelled it out more precisely
in 1854 speech when he accepted
the Guggenheim medal a year
after publication of his Pulitzer
Prize winning autobiography. 1t
was his most recent public ap-
.pearance and his first since l949.
Il think we are in danger of
confusing problems of long term
and of short-term survival" he
said.
Short term survival may de-
pend on the knowledge of nuclear
physicists and the performance of
supersonic aircraft, but long-term
survival depends alone on the
character of man.
I'm the time dimension, survival
depends upon the balance we
maintain; strength is catabolic
without wisdom for direction, and
the sermons Of Christ become as
essential as the steel Of Bessemer
to our power.
THE excessive materialism Of
the modern world is a reflection
of the excessive materialism in
modern man. Nothing is gained
by attacking the reflection: we
must concentrate on the source"
Philosophical Thoughts
Those close to Mr.. Lindbergh
think Of him in terms of a man
with philosophical thoughts such
as these, not as the rest of us
are wont to regard him-Lind-
bergh the lone eagle, Lindbergh
the non-interventionist, Lindbergh
the recluse. And his friends be-
come spontaneously defensive
when discussing him.
S. Paul Johnson, director Of the
Institute Of AeroSpace Sciences
and one of Mr.. Lindbergh's closest
friends, even felt compelled to be-
gin his article on Lindbergh in the
Encyclopedia Britannica with
these words:
Probably the best known but
least understood figure in aero
nautical history. 80"
Evening star., 1962-05-20

did buy an island, two of them
in fact, but he doesn't live on
either. He lives solidly on the
mainland in Darien, Conn.,, and
he lives as normally as anyone
else except in one respect. He
simply avoids the public eye.
He attends very few public
functions. A rare exception was his
recent appearance with his wife
at a White House dinner in honor
of Andre Malraux, French Minister
of Culture. His telephone is un-
listed. His mailbox is nameless.
His business associates refuse to
divulge his whereabouts to the
merely curious, and his friends
likewise are voluntarily protective
of him.
But this is the extent Of Mr..
Lindbergh's "Seclusion," as the oc-
casional news reports and maga-
zine stories invariably describe his
quiet way of life.
He is in no sense secluded.
A Normal commuter
He goes about freely. He stands
on the platform with the COM
muters from Darien, Conn, and
takes the train with them to New
York. He walks through Grand
Central Station and window shops
on Fifth avenue and rides in
taxicabs and airplanes and
Evening star., 1962-05-20

Lindbergh" for all his barnstorm-
ing, wingwalking and parachute
antics?
To Lindbergh the flight was no
stunt.
A Scientific Turn
Each step along the 3,640-mile
route was carefully measured at
100-mile intervals against clock
and compass; each drop Of the
462-gallon fuel supply carefully
calculated against each Of the
5000 pounds of gross weight. He
took no parachute GO minutes
extra fuel was a better safety
precaution), wore lightweight
boots of his own design, scissored
unnneeded areas from his charts.
In his pocket he carried
probably the most useless excess
baggage in aviation history let
ters of introduction.
At the Place de pOpera in Paris
flickering lights which had traced
the flights progress for anxious
thousands suddenly spelled out,
first in French. then in English:
''Lindbergh arrived LIE Bourget
1919. Landed 1922. Official. We
confirm it. We confirm it. We
confirm it,"
Excitement leapt the seas.
Doncing and Cheering
In Paris they danced and in
London they cheered and in Rome
they sang and in America they
danced and cheered and sang and
wept.
The flight enabled Mr.. Lind
bergh to fulfill what he later
called the first cause Of his life:
To preach the wonders of flight
to all who would listen. II love
the sky and flying more than
anything else on earth"
His second cause was less popu-
lar but he devoted himself to it
just as vigorously. He had flown
the Messerschmidt and knew Ger
many's air strength and reported
his information to the War De-
partment. He also had surveyed
the United States air arm for
Gen. Hap Arnold, and was con-
vinced we were weak and they
were strong. He aimed to do what
he could to keep his country "out
of Europe's suicidal internal wars" "
Helped During War
His speeches during the nine
months preceding Pearl Harbor
produced a harvest Of invective
and nothing more.
Evening star., 1962-05-20
Gorboee in Streets

In 1920, the city had attracted
some $4,000 persons. Sanitation
was a big problem. Only a few
houses on Pennsylvania avenue
had piped water. Everybody else
pumped it up from cisterns or
carried it. Garbage was dumped
in the streets and pigs roamed
around selecting this and that.
About the same time. one finds
the chairman Of the House Dis
trict Committee speaking of the
"unpleasantness" Of his task.
In 1840, a Senator wrote: Mus
taches. whiskers, epaulettes, stars
and ribbons are badges of a
Washington party. The ladies
sport a chain or braid around the
head. with a jewel on the FORE
head it is a congregation in
a great measure Of strangers who
never met before, and don't care
(moSt of them If they never meet
again."
In those days, Government Of
fices closed at 3 in the afternoon.
Tourists were few. Washington
residents appeared happiest when
Congress was out of town. The
Marine Band held concerts on
the west terrace Of the Capitol.
Firemen were not exactly pub
Evening star., 1962-05-20

prone to revise them at frequent
intervals" failed to produce one.
Eventually, Andrew Ellicott of
Baltimore had to be called in to
put the Frenchman's ideas down
on paper. L'Enfant was dismissed.
Free Negroes and Slaves
In 1900, with Washington in
cluding the established cities of
Alexandria and Georgetown, the
population was 1908. There were
1926 white citizens, 783 free
Negroes and 3,244 slaves. The
latter were accepted las a part of
the social order of the new Capital
from its very beginning"
The machinery of Government
barely squeaked as Congress tried
to begin its duties in mid-Novem-
ber of 1900.
Expected to convene on the 18th
were 106 Representatives and 80
Senators. But a big welcome fell
apart after a 3-inch snowfall and
the fact local citizens could not
reach agreement over an official
greeter. Also a quorum failed to
materialize.
President Adams, in his state
of-the-Union message, told Con-
gress that, 1T is with you, gentle
men, to consider whether the local
powers over the District of Colum-
bia vested by the Constitution
in the Congress of the United
States, shall be Immediately exer-
cised." Congress is still wrestling
with that one.
Evening star., 1962-05-20
|ashington's Pathway to World Capital: History

lie spirited. They frequently
sounded fire alarms on Sunday
evenings Just to see a congrega-
ton spill out Of q church.
A Congressman from Wiscon-
sin wrote of the neglected streets
by describing the dust to his wife:
Men go with handkerchiefs or
screens before their faces. I've
been caught two or three
times and nearly suffocated and.
blinded"
Rots in White House
Pigs continued to have a free
run. Rats infested the White
House. Flies swarmed and mos
quitoes had no trouble finding
stagnant ponds throughout the
city.
Perhaps enough has been writ
ten about the Civil War and this
volume is not begged down by it.
But 1t does reveal that Wash
ington while untouched by bat
tle-did not exactly take the war
in its stride. Residents, some
prominent, we're suspected of hav-
ing strong ties with the Confed-
eracy and indeed many of them
did. Loyalty oaths were brought
out and one Mayor Of Washing
ton refused to take it. He was
bundled off to prison.
The war years also saw the
emancipation of slaves in the Dis
trict along with the constant flow
of former slaves into the city. In
1862, 400 lived in row of homes
east of the Capitol. The Folger
Shakespearean Library stands
there now. The freedmen refused
to leave the city. confident of
Government protection.
From the book
"Shanties sprang up in the al
leyways, and, on the swampy land
along the lower stretches of the
Evening star., 1962-05-20
One e-Wing copitoI

The Capitol consisted of one
wing on jenkins Hill. There were
109 brick homes and 263 wooden.
Congressman, arriving later that
year, would be tempted, however,
to choose Georgetown, despite the
inconvenience of the 3 miles of
travel over rutted roads to reach
the Capitol" (They still are, de-
spite the traffic0
The first settlers, in that first
summer, were impressed with the
natural beauty of the setting. BY
November. however, Federal Off
cials looked back fondly on the
comforts Of Philadelphia and other
Capitals. After that, things were
to get much worse before they got
better.
One of the first in an endless
line Of deadlocks, always as much
a part of Washington as the Mon
ument, involved the first President
and the city planner, L'Enfant.
President Washington, trying to
encourage developers to buy lots
in the original 10-mile square city,
pleaded with L'Enfant to come up
with an engraved map of his plans.
For some reaSon-planners today
have the same troubles L 'Enfant,
dedicated to his vast plans and
Evening star., 1962-05-20

a theater which opened in August
of 1900. 1t closed in September.
Mrs. William Thornton, wife of
the architect of the Capitol, found
the performances to be "intoler-
ably stupid.")
Mrs. Green calls her book an
interpretive rather than a COM
prehensive, foolproof history" and
then sets out on a description of
early Washington-one of the
best.
In 1900, in May, several sloops
docked at wharf on the Potomac
near the mouth of Rock Creek.
Government records were un-
loaded and the Capital, after
heated discussions over where it
ought to go throughout the 1790s,
had landed in Washington.
The White House sat on a hill
above swamp. Lafayette Square
was a cherry orchard. Pennsyl-
vania avenue, cut through a corn
field, was a "tangle of elder
bushes, swamp grass and tree
Stumps."
Evening star., 1962-05-20

area between the Navy Yard and
Rock Greek.
And the Navy Yard, which grows
quieter each year, was, in 1906.
the manufacturing center Of the
city.
There was one striking similarity
with today's administration. Pres
ident jefferson had a French chef.
AS the years moved along, al
most anything the city attempted
had a sputtering quality about it.
1t was hard to get anything done.
Congress was tight with its money
and the city was usually broke.
Always, there was the gnawing
fear that a disgruntled Congress-
man might get up enough steam
to have the capital moved out Of
town. Other capitals, other cities,
had grown up on some commercial
foundation. But Washington was
just meeting place and, despite
attempts to attract business, such
as the construction of the C&O
Canal, she was destined to remain
so.
Evening star., 1962-05-20
By JOHN McKELWAY
Star Staff Writer

Since 1900 the city of WASH
lngton has been comparatively
quiet.
There have been no catastro-
phes; fires and floods have been
contained; no mobS have stormed
the prisons to free either radicals
or conservatives for revolutionary
purposes. The city has led a
charmed life.
There have, of course, been ter
r1fying moments. They seem, how
ever. to have ended anti-climac-
tically and with a minimum of
blood, sweat and tears.
Our one invasion, for example.
IN 1872, was over in a night and
day. The British, setting about
to burn the city, were not dis
couraged by any heroic stands by
District residents. A violent thun-
derstorm put out most of the fires
set by the enemy. A tornado fol-
lowed, removing rooftops and
chimneys and, one gueSses, con-
tributing to the departure of the
troops. A few days later, when
British ships were sighted moving
up the Potomac, the command
ing officer Of Fort Washington
ordered Fort Washington blown
up. Considering the circum-
stances, it is remarkable the place
has been restored to be remem-
bered)
Evening star., 1962-05-20

Washington Canal. the clusters of
hutS pieced together from scrap
lumber composed a Slum that
won the name, Murder Bay"
Wrote one man Of the con-
ditions: ". Their sufferings
are most heart rending. The
weather is cold: they have little
or no wood. Snow covers the
ground; and they have a scanty
supply of rags called clothes.
Government gives them a very,
very small allowance of soup.
The feeling against them. among
many in this place, is bitter,
malignant, deviliSh.
SIums Were Born
And so the slums were born,
lin the shadow of the Capitol"
They would remain as an ironic
twist in the Capital of the United
States, the richest and most
powerful Nation in the world.
The end of the Civil War, in
the authors opinion, also marked
the end of an era for Washing
ton. AS she says .
"A community formerly made
Of society including a handful
of scientists and amiable high
ranking Army and Navy officers,
but otherwise chiefly composed of
small tradeSmen. clerks, artisans,
white day laborerS. free Negroes
and slaves had become largely a
city of rich men and poor. E.
Citizens reSentful of the social
revolution thrusting in upon them
would fight further change, but
the old Washington was gone for
ever"
AS the population doomed, Con-
gress. in 1871 consolidated Wash
ington. Georgetown and Washing
ton County under a territorial
form of government. Alexandria
Evening star., 1962-05-20
BY JULES Lob
Associated Press Staff Writer

BY JULES Lob
Associated Press Staff Writer
A team Of experts in science
and defense, known as the Stra-
tegic Missile Evaluation Commit
tee, met at the Pentagon in 1854
and made a critical decision.
The committees function was
to help the Government decide
what direction Americas missile
program should take, and the ad-
vice it gave was to go ahead with
development of the Atlas-the
rocket John Glenn was destined
to ride into space.
One Of the members Of that
committee was Charles A. Lind
bergh.
The coincidence is intriguing,
in view Of the inordinate parallels
that have been drawn between
the two aviation pioneers on every
level from courage displayed to
confetti thrown.
But far more interesting to
many is that Charles Lindbergh
was in 1854 and is today on the
35th anniversary Of his storied
flight from New York to Paris
actively involved in aviation. His
counsel is sought at the highest
levels, his schedule crowded with
appointments, conferences, trips,
his interest in current affairs
never livelier, his circle of friends
never broader.
isolation an Illusion
The vague, general impression is
that Mr.. Lindbergh long ago with
drew to some secluded island,
cutting himself off from a society
which once had ionized him but
which also had refused him
moments peace even after the
1882 kidnapping of his son.
Shortly before the kidnaper,
Bruno Hauptmann, was executed
in 1885, Mr.. Lindbergh moved to
, England. He returned four years
later but didn't re-emerge as a
public figure until his impassioned
1941 campaign to keep the United
States out of World War II.
After the war Mr.. Lindbergh
Evening star., 1962-05-20
The Right to Vote

The Right to Vote
1t took 161 years for local citi-
zens to be given the right to
vote for President and Vice Pres
ident. They can exercise it for
the first time in the next presi-
Dental election. But Congress still
runs things in the midst of re-
peated attempts to give the city
some form of "home rule" which
was once bestowed and then taken
away-by Congress. The city
still lacks a voice representation
on the Hill.
While the arguments over who
should govern Washington were
practically identical in the 1800s
with those of today, there were
differences.
One policeman patrolled the
Evening star., 1962-05-20
Jubol EorIy's Roid

sI Ndt0
Sometime later, Old Jubal Early,
marching into Silver Spring with
a good chance of doing some dam
age, thought better of it and
moved off to Virginia and the
Civil War.
With such a life to examine,
historians have found it difficult,
apparently, to write any gripping
history of Washington covering
any sweeping period of time.
For this strange town has had
10 terrible time trying to act like
a Nations Capital, the sole reason
for its existence. 1t has thrived
on one crisis after another but
only when the rest of the country
was involved. In other, more
peaceful periods, Washington,
alone and pitiful, can be found
Saddled with debt, a holier-than-
thou attitude of Congress, lack of
new sewer line, street, a bridge
or the need to build better re-
lationships with the House Dis
trict Committee.
So 1t is that books on Washing
ton get along fine if confined to
one particular chunk of time. But
histories of Washington fire.
quently slip into a quickSand of
dull, horse-drawn trolley routes or
whether the Founding Fathers did
(or did not) intend local citizens
to have a vote. Several chapters
are usually devoted to equestrian
statues and at least one on what
ever became of Tiber Creek.
Entertaining Narrative
But the latest history Of Wash
,ington-the first volume has just
ibeen published by the Princeton
University Press manages to re-
main throughout an entertaining
narrative Of the life Of the city
and its people, many of whom
came UP from slavery. More than
anything else, perhaps, it is a tale
Of Washington trying to live up
to its name.
Washington, Village and Cap
ital," by Constance Green, a res
ident, covers the period 1900 to
1878. A second volume will follow,
taking the city into the 1950s.
The book is obviously solid re-
search job if amusingly less than
objective in spots. 1t is, thank
fully. not deadly. The author has
found obscure, colorful interludes
to slip into the running account.
zone. in an early chapter, tells
of the city's first cultural center.
Evening star., 1962-05-20

Thirty-five years ago Charles
Lindbergh made history by fly
ing alone from New York to
Paris. The feat brought him
fame, followed by soaring per-
sonal tragedy, At the dawn Of
the space age, America now has
. new hero. But yesterdays Is
making a far bigger cOntribu-
ti0n to modern aviation than
most people suspect.
Evening star., 1962-05-20
Helped During War

His speeches during the nine
months preceding Pearl Harbor
produced a harvest Of invective
and nothing more.
Evening star., 1962-05-20

had withdrawn back to her nativ
Virginia in 1846.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-28
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-28
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-13

ODowd In st. Paul. That's q
hotbed of Irish and with Ma
lone fighting ODowd the Irish
couldn't lose"
y + II i
Speaking Of Trotters, we see
where the Kentucky Club to-
bacco people have put up a
couple more thoroughbreds for
their ninth annual Kentucky
Derby contest. Good bloodlines
are present in both the colt
by Polynesian out of Secret
Recipe, and the filly-by Fish
erman out of Coup. You name
'em and if you're lucky you win
one, plus a trip to the Derby.
Several obvious names sug-
geSt themselves, such as Poly's
Recipe, Herman's Coup - well,
listen, they aren't as bad as
some previous winners. Remem-
Der Fillequine, Delphidessa, Au-
recolt, Ali Hurry Bhai, Hope
pharoil or Sniffabuck. Ugh!
But these names won for a
couple Of housewives, a rail-
road clerk, mailman, college
professor and a policeman's
widow.
We'd like to suggest a name
for the committee that picks
the winning name. Something
like Gumhead, DimwitlesS or
FracturebrainS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-13
Phess Woodson
Former Coach at
CIV High, Dies

NORFOLK, Mar. IS (AP). -
Harris (Phess) Woodson, So,
former football coach at George
Washington High School in
Alexandria and one of Virginia's
greatest athletes and coaches,
died yesterday in a Norfolk hos
pital.
WoodSon was a standout
basketball player at Randolph
Macon College where several Of
his scoring records still stand.
Before that he was one Of the
greatest athletes turned out at
John Marshall High School Of
Richmond.
He coached George Washing
ton to identical 9-1 records in
1949-1950.
Woodson, q lieutenant COM
mander in the Navy, was called
back to active duty at the out
break of the Korean War. He
returned to Randolph Macon
after discharge but suffered a
heart attack and left the
coaching field.
Woodson had been serving on
the faculty at Princess Anne
High School for the last several
years. He is survived by his
widow, Mrs. Calcate Woodson,
and one sister, Miss Lois Wood
son Of Richmond.
Funeral arrangements are
incomplete but Woodson's body
will be returned to Richmond
for burial.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-13
Ce|tics Close
To Record Of
so Victories
BY the Associated Press

The Bosom Celtics can break
their own record for most VIC
tories in a National Basketball
Association season when they
go after No. go tonight against
the Syracuse Mats at home.
The Celts hold a 90 margin
over the Mats and a triumph
in the regular seasons finale
would enable the Eastern Divi-
sion champions to better their
league mark Of SO set in 1852
so campaign.
The Los Angeles Lakers won
their SD game last night to
establish a mark for the most
victories by a Western Division
team. The st. Louis Hawks
held the record Of 81 wins made
last season.
Los Angeles Western Division
titlists defeated the Knicks,
1lS-106. at Seattle last night.
In the only other game played,
the Detroit Pistons turned back
the Chicago Packers, bills, at
Green Bay, Wis.
Soldier Elgin Baylor received
a pass from Fort Lewis, Wash,
where he's stationed, and
spearheaded the Lakers with 81
points. Richie Guerin was high
for New York with 20.
Bob Ferry spanked a last
period rally as Detroit over
came a 10-point deficit and
outscored Chicago in the fourth
quarter, 34-19. A pair of bas-
kets by Ferry in the final min
ute gave the Pistons a 1915
lead and Bailey Howell's field
goal clinched the verdict.
Howell topped Detroit with
20 points, but the Packers
Walt Bellamy headed the Scor-
ing parade with 81.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-13
Miller Planning
Bouts Between
D. C., Richmond

Jocko Miller, co-chairman of
the District AAU Boxing Com
mittee, has opened negotiations
for two intercity boxing shows
between Washington Golden
Glovers and Richmond AAU
fighters on a home-and-home
basis.
Miller plans the first show
at Capitol Arena April 10. A
return match would be fought
in Richmond at a later date.
Sixteen bouts are scheduled,
eight in the Sub-novice and
eight in the open class.
The plans for the intercity
bouts came about because of
the interest in the recent
Golden Gloves tourney.
Meanwhile, Paddy Kane of
the Catholic Youth Organiza-
ton has been chosen coach of
the six-man team that will
represent Washington in the
National AAU tournament
March 1891 in Cincinnati.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-13
Virginia Changes
Date With Aussies

CHARLOTTESVILLE, Mar.
10 tAP).-The all-Australian
lacrosse team will open its H.
game United States tour at
Duke Thursday rather than
at Virginia. as originally
scheduled.
University of Virginia ath-
letic officials announced last
night that snow covering the
playing field in Scott Stadium
would make it impossible for
the Aussies and the Cavaliers
to play Thursday.
Instead, the touring Aussies
who had beep slated to play
at Duke Saturday-will play
at Duke Thursday and return
here for a game with Virginia
Saturday afternoon.
About 2 feet of snow fell on
Charlottesville early last week.