Evening star., 1962-10-07
IN WORLD SPOTLIGHT 4 nsss% 93tzx
$3.50 Of Africo's People Now Live
In Its 33 Independent Countries
IN WORLD SPOTLIGHT
BY LYNN HEINZERLING
AssociatedPress staff Writer

! ate for more than so years,
viii become the 33d independ-
ent nation in Africa Tuesday,
sbut the continents troubles are
sfar from ended.
; More than rs per cent of the
continents surface will be free
sof the colonial presence when
Fthe new red, black and yellow
| flag of Uganda goes up. On a
population basis, more than IS
per cent of Africa's 240 million
Inhabitants will be living under
givernments free of any colo
nial restraint.
At the end of World War II
there were only four independ-
ent nations In Africa Egypt,
Ethiopia, Liberia and the Un-
ion (now republic) of South
Africa. Their combined area is
about II per cent of Africa's
11.6 million square miles.
In II years newly independ-
ent countries have exchanged
colonial grievances for a sober
ing collection of new COM
plants = tribal enmities, one
party relationships, slumping
trade figures, social unrest and
administrative incompetence.
But the drive for freedom per-
sists.
Congo still Divided
The Congo Leopoldville) /,
now Q years old, is still d.
vided, propped up by the
United Nations and on the
edge of bankruptcy.
Ghana, 51a years old, is
plagued with political dissen-
sion, tribal jealousies and gov
erhmental feuds which resulted
inA attempts to assassinate
President Kwame Nkrumah.
Fhe SUDDEN, nearly Z years
old, is ruled by military
dictatorship. Many of the new
,gogernments are one-party.
n tar dictatorial establish
mknts. Most of the former
French colonies survive eco
,nofnically only through French
subsidies.
Uganda is moving into the
free world with % different
ltribes as a loose federation of
-four kingdoms and the district
'off Busoga. Serious internal
quarrelS over boundaries, fl
inances and the relative impor-
'tahce of the various kingdoms
are to be resolved.
The Uganda broadcasting
service must broadcast in six
African. languages and, still
does not reach all the z million
Inhabitants.
Only Uganda is largely an
agricultural country and the
main crops are cotton, coffee,
tea, tobacco and sugar.
Trouble Spots Remain
Even with Uganda free, a
score of protectorates, terri
TOTES, colonies or enclaves in
Africa are still controlled by
Britain, Spain, Portugal and
France. Here are some Of the
trouble spots: -. .,s..s
Northern Rhodesia-A Brit
,ish protectorate lying south of
the Congo with rich copper de-
posits. The "a million Africans
have been dominated and ruled
by 10000 whites In elections
october 80 Kenneth Kaunda,
African leader of the United
National Independence Party,
Is certain to gain strength. He
demands the breakup of the
Central African Federation of
which Northern Rhodesia is a
part. The federation Prime
Minister, Sir Roy Welensky,
says a Kaunda victory would
mean chaos and a breakdown
of law and order.
Southern Rhodesia-A self
governing British colony Of 2.8
million Africans and 150,333
whites. Sir Edgar Whitehead's
white government has been at
dangerous odds with the Zim-
bkbwe African Peoples Union
(zAPU) headed by Joshua
Nkomo. Sir Edgar outlawed
ZAPU September 20 and called
up territorial forces to guar
a1ltee order. Mr.. Nkomo de-
mands votes for every African,
calls the banning of ZAPU the
beginning of the end Of the
white man in Southern Rho
desia."
Nyasaland-The third part of
the Central African Federation.
with 2.7 million Africans and
only 5000 whites. Nationalist
Hastings Banda plans to take
Nyasaland out of the fedora
tion. Nyasaland has almost no
industry and has survived on
subsidies from Britain and the
federation.
Angola Subject to Attacks
Angola - This Portuguese
colony bordering on the Congo
and Northern Rhodesia has
BEEN subject to attacks by
forces operating from the
Congo. The Portuguese voice
determination to hold the ter
ritory with its population of "A
million Africans and 10000
whites. Free Africa focuses its