davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-01-28
Article of Faith

Following Ranger-3's failure to stay
on course to the moon, the postpone
ment of the attempt to put Astronaut
John H. Glenn into orbit around the
earth has made this an acutely disap-
pointing week end, not only for him
and his co-workers, but for millions of
Americans who had been filled with
expectancy and high hopes.
This sense of Illustration, this let
down, however, ought to be Short-lived
After all, Lieutenant Colonel Glenns
projected flight has been deferred only
because Of poor weather over Cape
Canaveral, but on another day-soon-
the sky there will be clear, and he will
be launched on his great adventure. His
fellow aStronautS will follow him on
the same journey, and in due course,
after lunar instruments like Rangers
blaze the trail, Americans will almost
certainly make round-trip voyages to
the moon and beyond. At any rate,
special 1858 panel of our National Com
mittee for the International Geophysical
Year has prophesized as follows:
Although it is impossible to predict how
quickly man himself will follow his ex-
ploratory instruments into outer space, the
inevitable elimination of his efforts will be
manned space flight and his landing on the
nearer planets. 1t is clear that he can develop
the ability to do this, and it is hard to
conceive Of mankind stopping short when
such tempting goal is within reach . 1t
is, in sense, an article of faith that man
will indeed be required to do the job of
cosmic exploration personaly-and, further
more, that he will want to do the job himself,
whether required to or not.
Meanwhile, there will surely be more
than few setbacks of the Rangers
type, and some of the explorers-like
explorers in the past-will be lost as
they push forward on the roadway to
the stars. Still, regardless of inter-
mittent postponements, failures and
personal tragedies, the high adventure
will 60 on until man finds himself
relatively at ease as he travels through
vast distances at tremendous speeds far
from his little earth.
Evening star., 1962-01-28
100 Years Ago

Impatient with the way the
Civil War was dragging on,
President Lincoln issued or
ders a century ago this week
that the entire Union Army
would prepare to advance by
February %, 1862. Nobody
welcomed the order more
than Brig. Gen. Ulysses S.
Grant, who was at Cairo, Ill,
molding his growing COM
mand into a combat force.
Most of Grants own fight
ing then was with sharp
dealing contractors who were
getting rich selling the Army
supplies at greatly inflated
prices. Grant had particular
trouble with one Leonard
SWEET, an Illinois lawyer and
Republican big wheel, who
had put Lincoln's name in
nomination at the 1860 presi-
Dental convention. Repre-
senting a group of contrac-
tors, SWEET let it be known
that he had enough influence
in Washington to have Grant
removed if he kept on can
ceiling contracts. Grant gave
him "a hours to leave the
area, else he'd be imprisoned
and even shot. SWEET told
the President of Grants
threat, but Lincoln backed up
his general, saying SWEET had
better stay away from Cairo
because Grant was just the
sort of man to shoot him if
he said he would. Grant had
ideas about getting on with
the war before Lincoln's Or
der for the general advance.
After first being rebuffed by
his superior, Gen. H. w. (Old
Brains) Halleck, Grant was
given the go-ahead late in
January, 1862, on his plan
to send a flotilla of gunboats
and troops down the Tennes-
see River to take Confederate
Fort Henry in Kentucky. BY
opening up the Tennessee, it
was figured the Union could
penetrate deep into the Con-
federacy, choking off its rail
centers and communications
lines. While Grant got ready
for this mission, The Star
reported a Union victory at
Mill Springs, KY. Here. Gen.
George H. Thomas, later to
earn the sobriquet Rock of
Chickamauga," defeated a
Sizable South -. 4rmy led by
Gen. c, B. tttenden. The
battle took place on Janu-
ary 10, 1862, and after pro-
viding lengthy daily accounts
for a week, this paper on
Evening star., 1962-01-28

There used to be a slogan
which was impressed upon
every growing boy, Work
earn and save" That is an
old fashioned idea which had
much to do with the develop
ment of this Republic. It
has, however, these past 80
years become outmoded.
We were taught by the New
Deal that the Government
owes every man a livelihood,
that the citizen owes the Gov
ernment nothing. Roosevelt,
who formulated this theory,
was Endorsed at the polls
four separate times. He did
nothing to correct the mis-
conception he had purposely
created.
There has been no Presi-
dent since Roosevelt who has
ameliorated the situation to
any great extent. 1t is ques-
tionable how much any of
them tried. Is it surprising,
therefore, that the present
occupant of the White House
should nonchalantly ask Con-
gress to raise the debt CELL
ing $40 billions, and prac-
tically as a matter of course
should also propose a budget
for the ensuing year of over
$50 billions? This huge out
lay is supposedly based on
military needs, but an analy-
sis shows that a larger
amount is being proposed for
nonmilitary than for mill
tary purposes.
Two billions here, three
billions there, has become a
commonplace in admins
tration demands. When we
are fighting for the very
preservation of our way of
life is it necessary to go to
the huge expense of attempt
ing to send a man to the
moon? Do we not, indeed, ap-
pear just a little foolish if
we retain any regard for the
methods that make us the
most powerful Nation on this
earth?
We are in a labor govern
ment. One union has already
secured a 25- hour week.
Where do we go from here?
JOuett ShOuse.
Evening star., 1962-01-28
Warning on Force

Adlai E. Stevenson, our chief dele
gate to the United Nations, has spoken
out Sternly against the use of force in
colonial disputes, and he has warned
that all countries resorting to it "can
expect vigorous opposition from the
United States, whoever they may be-"
Although 1t names no names, this Ian
guage clearly applies to newly inde-
pendent lands as well as to ancient
imperial powers that still control or
administer primitive overseas territories.
Thus, while exhorting Portugal not
to engage "in a fruitless attempt to
repress inevitable change" in Angola
Mr.. Stevenson has at the same time
Somberly cautioned neighboring states
against undertaking armed intervention
in the situation. AS he has put it, "any
effort to establish dual standard of
conduct" in matters of this sort
a standard under which the former
colonies would arrogate to themselves
the right to use force while denying
that right to the miscalled colonial
powers-"could not fail seriously to en-
danger the entire structure of the
United Nations"
BY plain implication, this admoni-
tion is addressed to those fledgling
African nations that have threatened
to unleash armed violence to oust the
Portuguese from Angola. 1t is addressed,
too, to President Sukarno's Indonesia,
which has announced plans for mill
tary invasion to wrest West New Guinea
from the Dutch. Indeed, it is addressed
to all member states, big and small,
that are tempted to violate one of the
most basic provisions of the U. N. char
ter-the provision under which the en-
tire membership is Solemnly pledged
to forswear the threat or use of
force except presumably in legitimate
Self-defenSe. AS Mr.. Stevenson has indi-
Gated, any country breaking that pledge
will not only invite the vigorous
opposition" of our country, but will also
be helping to dig the grave of the
United Nations.
OF course, in view of our country's
Evening star., 1962-01-28

richments which flow into
any life. which, in company
with fellow believers, really
worships when meeting at
church." is the public declara-
ton of our faith, that spirit
ual realities are the only
things which make life
meaningful and full Of won-
der and which illuminate all
things with a splendor that
cannot be weighed on COM
mercial scales. 1t was such a
witness to the God above all.
and to the righteousness
which eXalteth a nation,
when on a recent Sunday in
a noble Christian temple in
the Nations Capital the
large congregation saw the
Vice President of the United
States. his wife and daugh-
ters, without fanfare, come
quietly down the center aisle
and take their place with
that great company of wor-
shippers. Evidently to one of
the most heavily scheduled
leaders of the Nation, the
after-luncheon farewell, "See
you at church." is a prophecy
to be fulfilled, an engagement
to be kept.
Currently there is popular
on church bulletin boards
across the country the sign,
"Khrushchev Doesn't Go to
Church Either" The sign is
supposed to dynamite the in
consistency of those who
could not truthfully say to
their neighbors, "See you at
church" A popular preacher
on the West Coast refused to
put such a devious appeal in
front of his church. AS a
matter Of fact, he said such
pertinent things about the
implications of this reference
to the Kremlin boss absence
from church, that we will
ask him to put the pin
nacle on this Spire-"I can't
imagine a sicker reason for
going to church than the
fact that KhruShchev doesn't.
If we must live by imitation
(and to a remarkable degree
we all do), let's be affirma-
tive instead of negative in
our choice of a model. Let's
participate faithfully IN the
community of worship, not
because Khrushchev doesn't,
but because Jesus did-'and
he came to Nazareth where
he had been brought up and
on the sabbath he went to
the synagogue as he was ac-
customed to do This is to
say neither that staying
home from church will make
you a Khrushchev, nor that
going will make you a Christ.
It is to say that the values
for which the church stands
are on the side of Christ and
one of the disciplined ways
to witness to the side you are
on is through faithful par
ticipation in services of wor-
ship" -
See you in church"-not
because Khrushchev will not
be there-but because Christ
will!
Evening star., 1962-01-28

rather Intellectual reaction to Indias
use of force against Portuguese Goa,
the prospect of vigorous opposition"
from America may have little or no
deterrent effect on the Sukarno regime
or on African leaders who want to play
with fire in Angola. Even so, especially
as it relates to the U. NJ, Mr.. Steven
sons warning ought to be listened to
most carefully by those nations whose
own future security will be jeopardized
If the effectiveness of the U. N. is i'm
paired or destroyed.
Evening star., 1962-01-28
1Censors at Work

An editorial in Thursdays Star
cited four examples of what we con-
sidered to be foolish and unwarranted
censorship of speeches by military
officers. The editorial enormously con-
veyed the impression that all of these
were examples of censorship in the
Pentagon. Actually, three of the four
deletions or changes in the speeches
were initiated in the State Department.
Evening star., 1962-01-28
Relief 'ChiseIers'

My blood boiled when I
read The Star article titled
Relief Probers Drop II Gases
as Chiselers."
ChiselerS, indeed! Call
them thieves and liars and
you will be closer to the
truth. And in what seems
to be a casual sort of way,
one of the officials whose re-
Sponsibility it is to see that
Welfare Department pay
ments are made, is "sur-
prised." Even one of the Dis
trict Commissioners implies
that there is nothing to be
too exercised about because
the investigation of the well
fare rolls has not been COM
pleted. Even one case of an
ineligible" picking up $233 a
month is enough, in my book.
to get exercised about. A lot
of District taxpayers would be
delighted and thankful for a
SIS reduction in real estate
taxes, for instance, but no
such luck, as long as there
are "ineligibles" receiving a
couple Of thousand dollars a
year. The $4,000 spent in
uncovering these conniving
chiselers is well spent, and
cheap at twice the price.
Some of these thieves
should be clapped in jail, but
were such action taken there
would no doubt be an i'm
mediate cry from crackpot
do-gooderS that it would work
a hardship on the poor little
children. Well, the sooner
these children find out that
their parents (if indeed some
of them know who their par
ents are) have to pay a pen-
atty for thievery, the better
off they will be.
It is a sad and frighten-
ing commentary that so
many people in this country
not only take every possible
kind of hand-out from the
local or national government,
but actually expect it, and
even scheme and lie to get it.
Every honest citizen should
be deeply grateful to Senator
Byrd of West Virginia for his
part in uncovering this scan
dal. I hope he and his Senate
subcommittee will pursue the
matter with renewed deter
mination to have the list of
welfare recipients pared down
to those who are entitled to
be on it.
One question: What re-
course is available to recover
the money which was stolen
by these crooks as surely as
if they had walked into Dis
trict Welfare Director Shea's
office and held it up at gun
point?
r.. M, Shank,
Evening star., 1962-01-28


January 27, 1862, gave full
details of the engagement"
The fight resulted in the
death Of Gen. Felix K. Zolli-
Golfer, q former Dixie news
paper editor and Tennessee
Congressman, who was widely
mourned by the shocked
South. The Mill Springs
fighting was at close quar-
ters and Zollicoffer's end was
illustrative of the confusion
that often marked the wars
hand-to-hand struggles. The
Star said: sc. During the
hottest of the engagement,
when the two lines were not
more than 100 yards apart,
an officer (Zollicoffer) with
his aide rode up to CUnion
Col. Fry and (Gen. Zollicof-
fer) cautiously remarked to
the colonel not to fire upon
our own men, Col. Fry, sup
posing him to be a Federal
officer, replied: we are not
firing upon our men. Those
(pointing) are our own men
there They rode along,
conversing upon the battle,
then the general and his aide
wheeled and rode off to one
side. After getting about 80
feet from Fry, the aide fired
his pistol at the colonel and
fled. Col. Fry, now suspect
ing treachery. drew his own
pistol and fired at the gen.
eral, hitting him in the breast
and killing him instantly. :"
The horrors of war were
graphically depicted in an
item in The Star of January
81. 1862: 90. Zollicoffer's
body lay for nearly three days
on the ground. wrapped in a
blanket. His remains
were outrageously treated by
the thousands of soldiers and
civilians that flocked to see
them. Not only was all of
his hair cut off close to the
skull, but the body was
stripped of its clothing. When
killed, he had on a white
rubber coat, under which he
wore a full generals uniform.
The rubber coat, the uniform,
the boots, his over and under
Evening star., 1962-01-28
so Years AGO


ater in Arlington National
Cemetery were beginning to
jell so years ago, although
the conception of the edifice
then was not carried out pre-
cisely in the construction.
The Star of January 25, 1912,
said Senator Sutherland of
Utah had introduced a bill
to provide for an outlay of
$750,000 to erect a memorial
amphitheater, following
plans approved by a special
commission composed of cab
met officers and representa-
tiyes Of Grand Army of the
Republic and the United
Spanish War Veterans. THE
plans" the story said, pro
pose a crypt, where shall be
buried distinguished public
men of the United States
a sort Of Pantheon like those
of Paris and R o m e or West
minister Abbey in London. .
CThe architects) have studied
such classic structures as the
Theater of DionySius at Ath-
ems and the Roman Theater
at Orange, besides other con-
spicuous classic examples, at
the same time endeavoring to
make the design-while clas-
sic-in character with the old
colonial buildings of WASH
ington, such as the White
House, Capitol and others. :"
The Stars sports section of
January 20, 1912, granted
that the Bible was a good
book, but said it was wrong
about left-handed pitchers.
1t quoted Judges, 20:16, as
saying of the Sons Of Gil
beah: Among all these peo-
pie there were TOO chosen
men left-handed. Every one
could sling stones at a hair
breadth and not miss" That
didn't tally with big league
southpaws, who as a rule
were then as wild as March
hares. In the early nineties,
the Philadelphia Nationals
signed a twirler named Kill
leen. He had cannon-ball
speed, an astonishing assort-
ment of curves, absolutely no
control-and was crosS-eyed!
What an awful combination
for a batter to face!"
Evening star., 1962-01-28
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tUriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSa-
tiol. Those not used toiH be
returned only 1Dhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-01-28
FROM THE STAR FILES.

shirt and even his socks were
either carried off whole or
cut off in pieces. This kind
of curiosity-hunting borders
on vandalism. What a hor-
rid end to a once high and
honorable career, :"
Evening star., 1962-01-28
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
See You at Church
By DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United States

Again and again when men
separate after any kind of
social gathering the parting
word often is "see you at
church. There is, of course,
no implied significance to
that good-by formula as to
the destination of one so
addressed. In 1t there is
often no church in sight even
at the end of the week. But
nevertheless somehow there
turks in the background of
that jovial expression an
acknowledgment that church
would be a good place to see
each other when next they
meet.
In the little red school
houses of long ago a familiar
picture depicted the Pilgrims
on their way to church carry
ing both Bibles and rifles.
There were reasons enough
why those New England pio-
neers, who had come to these
shores to find freedom to
worship God, might have re-
manned near their primitive
homes and worshipped under
the sheltering trees with one
eye on any prowling red men.
But their greeting to each
other during the perilous days
of every week could truth
fully have been "see you at
church," for that is where
Sunday would find them.
It is no wonder, with a
growing realization of the
supremacy of spiritual veri-
ties, in the face of today's
awesome peril, that the Ma
tion's houses of worship are
more and more seen as the
bulwarks and arsenals of all
that makes our Nation great,
and that even the radio sta
tions across the land are
sandwiching between COM
mercials the reminder-Re-
member church this Sunday,
see you at church!
One of the most ominous
signs of our glittering civili-
zation is that Sunday for so
many is devoid of any spiri-
tual significance and that
for millions church attend
ance is not even on the list
Of serious bidders for even
an hour on the first day of
the week-or whatever day is
set aside for keeping the
things of the spirit alive-for
what has been called "a
time exposure to God"
Nothing would mean more
to the strengthening of the
moral and spiritual forces of
the free world than for mil
lions in America, who seem
to have time for everything
else but church, to say to
each other as they leave after
any sort of weekday occa-
sion, "See you at church.
and mean it! The open doors
of our churches represent as
nothing else the vital reality
which differentiates our way
of life from the goddess re-
gimes of police states. In the
present crisis with the free
worlds might being mobi-
lized to bring about a Just
world peace, nothing would
be a more effective witness
OF our deepest beliefs than
for every place of worship to
be habitually crowded.
No avowed Communist can
go to church without being
discounted, looked upon with
pitying scorn, and forfeiting
the material gains which are
open to those whose faith
rises no higher than their
feet, and whose sky has been
cleared of all supernatural
superstition as God is bowed
out of the front door of his
own universe as a needless
hypothesis.
Quite apart from the en-
Evening star., 1962-01-28
Admires East Front

Now that the east front
extension to the Capitol has
been completed, it would be
interesting to know if those
who were opposed to the un-
dertaking now feel that it
was a mistake. If architects
who collaborated in planning
the venerable old building
were with us today, it is Ger
tain they would not be dis
pleased with what they saw.
The magnificent addition
not only provides much-need-
ed floor space but it also
lends stability to the lovely
old cast iron dome and
erases forever the illusion
that it might be toppled by
a strong westerly wind. Gen.
erations to come will never
suspect that the addition was
not a part of the original
structure. Margaret Neville.
Information
AS a Washington area in
dustry primarily engaged in
supplying electronic equip
ment to the telephone in
dustry, Orbit Industries, Inc,
questions the accuracy of fig
ures quoted in the editorial
section of The Sunday Star
of January 81, 1862. The
speech quoted stated that
some 54.5 million TV sets in
this country, outnumber the
telephones.
On the contrary, the num-
Der of telephones exceeds 10
million. The Bell System
alone claims over so million.
The some 5000 independent
telephone companies account
for 10 million others. The
great American telephone in
dustry should not be so gross
ly underrated.
Franklin C. Salisbury,
Board Chairman,
Orbit Industries, Inc.
Evening star., 1962-01-28

Virginia suburbanites. The
Commissioners should look to
Congress for the necessary
appropriation to take care of
their requirements. I would
suggest that the D. C. au-
thorities find a more legiti-
mate method of getting the
money they need.
Evening star., 1962-01-28
Looks at the Ledqer

c. F. HaughawOut.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-10-19
Why So Few Vote
Republican

Most Of the advances the Negroes of Minnesota
and the nation have made with the sup
port and cooperation Of liberals in each Of the major
political parties. Unhappily for the Republicans in
the past 40 years they have furnished only a small
portion Of this group, and therefore Democrats have
the advantage in this regard.
This accounts for the COP receiving only IT
per cent Of the Negro vote and the Democrats get
ting 78 per cent in the 1860 elections This not
not always so, for there a time when 95 per
cent of the nations Negro voters supported the Re
pubhcans in national elections. This change came
about because the Republicans formed coalition in
the Congress with the southern Democrats, leaving
the Negro voter fiat with only the northern Demo-
Gratis and a few liberal northern Republicans, not
numerically large enough to offset the Disde-con-
servative Republican coalition.
study of the record Of every Minnesota Re-
publican Congressman for the past 20 years will
reveal that most occasions with the possible ex-
ception of the short period during the Eisenhower
administration, when the COP finally decided to
help the northern Democrats enact the law estab-
fishing the Civil Rights Commission, Minnesota, Re
publican Congressman could be expected to show
no leadership in the long civil rights fight In the
Congress.
Some of them like the recently defeated Con-