Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1962-10-27
Negro Fairing :.
lC0ntlnued From Page One)
Of the population.

Of the population.
But IN It's, repert titaed ..rhe Ec-
0nomic Situation Of: Nekypes In
the United etStAs.s the Labor rs-
partnAefit Ae3ne14dod -tfhat, r1AsoA1e
the ma. StiAt afsadstdfical Yf1ess.
entiais. NY Ire: *SliH behind In
measlrekS 81 economic wen t. being
Tia repsrt, said Negroes increas-
ed lees rapidly than the total pop-
ulattcn psfor TO 1880, but since 1910
haya increased faster than, whites
apd now couStitute 1913 percent Of
the population.
ThiA increase Is as0ftbed In
large measures to q dramatic drap
In the colored death rate, the non
white birth rate having long hem
higher than that Of whites.
The study. shows that nonwhites
tend to move from house to house
more often than whites and the
trend IL toward greater. mobility
and migrsta0nr from the rural
South to urban areas, mostly In
the North.
As q result of "a dramatic re-
ductiOn IN mortality" In te mid
die age range, life expectancy for
40 = year old nonwhite males In
the Nation increased from 1913 In
1910 to 45.5 in 1856 - an increase
OF nearly six years. Despite this
increase, however, nonwhite males
in 1855 still had 46 year short
ct life expectancy than white
males.
The report points out that a
much larger proportion of nom
whites lived beyond retirement age
in 1855 than in 1910. Part of this
Is attributed to increased liberal
ization of social security provisions
and the continuation of the Off
farm exodus which resulted In
earlier retirement.
Unemployment rates are describ-
ed as being generally higher among
Negro than among white workers,
fact which does not come as
revelation.
One factor contributing to this
situation, the study shows, @s, the
dispropOrtionate number of Ne
groes who are in unskilled work,
where unemployment is regularly
heavier" Another is the frequent
ly lower seniority ratings held by
Negro workers because of their
late entry into factory and office
| work.
| Occupational differences between
Negro and whites remain large, al
though Negroes have raised their
occupational levels appreciably fas-
ter in the past % years than have
whites.
| In government federal, state
! and local the number of Ne
groes employed rose from 2I4sOOO or
Sc percent in 1910 to 1,046, 900 or
12.1 peySent in 1862,
whites averaged higher earnings
in wage and salary income than
Neg oes but the gap has narrowed
somewhat in recent years" When
family income, rather than indi-
vidual income is compared, the
Negro white difference is some
what less, AS higher proportion
of Negro family members are in
the labor force.
The report cited as decidedly
beneficial" measures to combat dis
elimination because of race, which
it said are implicit in the Civil
Service Act" anc in the program
of the Presidents Committee on
Equal Employment Opportunity
and in other federal and state
agencies.
In the labor movement, employ
ment discrimination because of
race is described as problem"
but one to which iabcr leaders are
addressing themselves.
Some special problems are in
Volved in apprenticeship, and the
measures being taken to solve
them are cited. The report notes
that the Labor Departments Bur-
eau OF Apprenticeship and Train
Ing works with employers and un-
lol:s in establishing and improving
apprenticeship and other oil the
job training programs IN industry.
This agency recently hired four
mlnol.t IS group CONSTANTS who
concern themselves solely with the
problems of Negro workers.
In addition to actions to insure
fair employment practices. the re-
port states, the federal government
has taken certain steps to assure
profession of the laws in other
fields.
QoCngress passed Civil Rights
Act in 1857 and 2 Civil Rights di-
vision, headed BY Assistant Attor-
ney General Burke Marshall, was
set up IL, the Justice Department.
The 1860 Civil Rights Act au-
thnFized the FBI to investigate
bombangs Of building, required the
Weeping OF voting records by state
election officials for "a months.
and set up machinery. to insure
we rights Of all qualified citizens
W N0ee. :. - ~
FEDERAL SUIT FILED ~
IN June 1850, the Attorney Cen
eraa filed the first Federal suit
under i5he new civil rights law in
= Louisiana district court. !,
Despite she fact that laws in
northern and western states Gid
not require Or permit segtesat,cn.
4le report declares. some segrezai-
g schools have Leen found In
these Ties states in recent years.
Most segregation by deliberate
policy In these states, however. is