davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-04-16
Almond Is Nominated
To Customs Bench

Former Gov. j. Lindsay AL
mond. jr., of Virginia, was
nominated by President Ken
nedy today as a judge of the
United States Court of Gus
toms and Patent Appeals.
Gov. Almond was named to
succeed Judge Ambrose O'Con-
nell, whose retirement after
18 years on the Customs and
Patent Appeals Court was ap-
proved by the President today.
The position pays $25,50O a
year, and the appointment is
for life.
Gov. Almond, who completed
a four-year term as Governor
of Virginia last January 13,
served in Congress in l946-48.
He then served as attorney
general of Virginia until he
resigned to run for Governor.
A native of Locust Grove.
Va, Gov. Almond was gradu-
ated from the University of
Virginia law school and prac-
ticed law in Roanoke from 1928
to 1880. For the next three
years he was assistant Com
monwealth'S Attorney for the
city of Roanoke. He then
served as judge of the HuSting
Court in Roanoke for 13 years.
In the 1860 presidential cam
paign. Gov. Almond gave Presi-
dent Kennedy vigorous support
Evening star., 1962-04-16
NO LAUGHING MATTER
Taxpayers Form Long Line

added for the last three day
men who wandered
the aisles and heard
such statements as: We'll, a
friend told me I didn't have
to list - First time
got $50 some and then the
second time 1 got $40 some.
. :" You mean, I gotta pay
that much by tonight?"
One of them, Tim Welsh said,
when they find they have any
coming. they laugh. but
if they have to pay. there is
great disbelief. Some come back
again, take new seat and hope
for a new agent. One lady's
been back eight or nine times. "
A. j. st. Jean, in charge of
the aSsiStanhe program. said
I'VE used to prepare the re-
turns and some of the people
complain because we don't still
give this service. Now it's
self-help. plus assistance. Be-
fore it was more a bookkeeping
job; people would come in with
satchels full of records for us
to tabulate.'
Mr.. st. Jean said not all the
taxpayers are concerned. One
time he walked away for a
minute and returned to find
the man he was helping sound
asleep.
The agents set a good ex-
ample: All of them filled out
Evening star., 1962-04-16
Snow Flurries
Reported in Areo;
Frost Due Tonight

Snow flurries in bright SUM-
shine were reported yesterday
by some of the areas more OBJ
servant citizens. The phenom-
enon was noted at such points
as Wheaton and Connecticut
Park, Md, and Springfield, Va.
There wasn't enough to wet
the ground. and these same
citizens are likely to find their
lawns whittier tomorrow morn
ing. With the temperature due
to drop to % in the suburbs,
frost is expected by the
Weather Bureau.
The latest measurable snow
on record, by the way, was the
half inch that fell on April %
after the rough winter of 1898.
Plenty of sunshine and rising
temperatures are forecast to-
morrow. For the next five days
temperatures are expected to
average about 2 degrees below
normal, with a warmer week
end in the cards.
Evening star., 1962-04-16
Plane Hijocking
For Flight to
East Zone Fails

AMSTERDAM, Netherlands,
April Is (AP) An airliner
bound for South America re-
turned to Amsterdam's Schipol
Airport today after an unSuc-
cessful bid was made to hijack
the plane and divert it to East
Berlin, a kim spokesman re-
ported.
A man described as q former
Portuguese employe of the air.
line, aged 80. was taken into
custody by government police
after all the passengers had
left the plane through an en-
ergency exit. The plane had
been airborne only 20 minutes.
The kim spokesman said the
man entered the pilots cabin
shortly after take off and or
dered the captain to Go to
East Berlin" making a threat
ening gesture toward his pocket.
The pilot, J. van Keppel. at
first feigned fear and then in
formed Amsterdam Airport con-
troll he was returning.
Police found a pistol on the
detained man. who was en-
route to Lisbon. He had been
working in the airport kitchen
since last September.
Evening star., 1962-04-16

their own returns two months
ago, although one did admit,
Il tried dry run in January
and found out I owed. so I
waited until Friday to send
it in"
They also admit they are
human and make mistakes. Il
even had a dream about it one
night and woke up realizing
I'd made a lady's form out
wrong" said Mr.. Cuddy.
What percentage of the tax
payers wait until the last day?
I don't know. but it looks like
everybody" said Mr.. St. Jean
looking at the growing line.
In Baltimore they were
figuring out that very question.
They expect 1.6 million late
returns from the District and
Maryland. BY Friday they had
received IL million. This
morning IA hamper loads
dumped 100000 more returns
so that means there will be
100000 or l6 per cent of all
returns, sent in today" said
Irving Machiz, District Oil
rector.
Then he added a note of joy
to this whole business of tax
paying:
Internal Revenue checks
totaling SIS million have
already gone out to $4,000 of
the more fortunate taxpayers
Evening star., 1962-04-16
White Takes
Court Oath
President Sees
Justice Sworn In
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
Star Staff Writer


With President Kennedy
looking on, former Deputy At
torney General Byron R. White
today was sworn in as an asSo-
ciate justice of the Supreme
Court.
The five-minute public OATH
taking was preceded by a pri-
vate ceremony attended only
by the justices of the Supreme
Court. where Chief Warren ad-
ministered the constitutional
oath.
President Kennedy, watching
his first Supreme Court nomi-
nee taking a place on the
bench. was the first Chief Ex-
ecutive to appear at the public
swearing in since President Eli
senhoWer witnessed the oath
taking of Chief Justice Warren
in 1858.
The only other President to
appear at such a ceremony was
President Truman, who came
TO see Justice Burton take the
oath in 1945.
The Supreme Court chamber
was jammed and a long line
Of spectators waited outside as
President Kennedy arrived at
1905 am. for the ceremony.
Joins Justices
The gavel was banged and
the spectators arose but no
public announcement was made
as the President joined retired
Justices Reed, Burton and
Whitaker on a front bench.
Justice White succeeds Justice
Whitaker who retired effective
April l.
Immediately behind the Pres
ident sat Mrs. White with her
8-year-old son Charles; her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Stearns of Denver: Justice
Whites brother, Clayton White,
and his wife, of Albuquerque,
See WHITE, Page AS
Evening star., 1962-04-16

offer Prime Minister Castro
$26 million in goods for release
of the prisoners.
THE 52-year-old refugee
lawyer, who is secretary of the
Cuban Families Committee,
said Fidel negotiated with the
four committee members him
self. Cuba'S asking price for
release of all Of the men who
invaded the Playa Giron a
year ago is $62 million.
Mr.. Freyre, whose son, Tito
is one of the prisoners, revealed
in an exclusive interview that
his son was allowed to leave
the Castillo del Prencipe prison
and lived with his father for
the entire periodthe negotlators
were in Havana.
Mark of Honor
Like all the other prisoners
from the Brigada ASalta (As-
sault Brigade) Tito wore proud
ly the yellow sportshirt that is
their uniform in Castro'S Jail.
To the bearded Communist
leader the yellow shirt is a
badge of cowardice but the
prisoners regard it as a mark
of honor.
The go arrived in Miami
with the committee Saturday
and received the greatest re-
ception ever seen at the air
port. Today most of them we're
with their families and plan
ming a Nationwide appeal for
donations to secure the release
of the others.
Mr.. Freyre said the commit
tee went to Havana with hopes
that Mr.. Castro would release
all of the prisoners in return
Evening star., 1962-04-16

Jne reserves Will make TepeLl-
ton of the Berlin crisis Gallup
unlikely, he said.
The Army will have five new
combat divisions by this sum-
mer, he said, and the reserve
forces will be reorganlzed to
gear them to modern military
needs. The new divisions will
raise the total TO Is.
Mr.. Runge was the first wit
ness in a series of hearings on
the reserves headed by Rep
resentative Hebert, Democrat
Of Louisiana.
Philosophy Explained
The reserve forces structure
has now been subjected to a
test in the crucible of active
mobilization" Mr.. Hebert said.
I'VE intend to determine
whether administrative or legis-
lative changes are required. =.
The Department of Defense
has agreed not to implement its
proposed Army Reserve reor-
ganization until after the sub
committee has reached its own
on the subject"
Mr.. Runge explained the new
Pentagon philosophy on reserves
this way:
Since the current buildup
was sufficient to deter war,
it is our belief that we have
now made plans to permit the
difference without
again recalling reserve compo-
nent units simply to increase
our combat potential.
Better Balance Called For
BY providing a truly high
state of readiness (of selected
reserve groups we would not
need to recall them to active
duty until the situation had
reached the stage at which
conflict had started or was
clearly imminent"
Mr.. Runge said there is a
need for better balance of ac-
tive forces. reserves and the
mobilization capability of the
Nation as a whole"
Also, he said, the country
needs to be able to use its
resources faster in war
situations.
There must in the active
force sufficient strength to
Evening star., 1962-04-16

while other Democratic leaders
in Virginla-notably Senator
Bryd-remained silent. Vir-
ginia for the third straight
presidential election went Re-
publican.
Mr.. Almond and Senator
Byrd have been at odds since
Virginia yielded on school de-
See ALMOND. Page AS
Evening star., 1962-04-16

insure that a quick, knockout
blow by a wold-be aggressor
could not be successful" Mr..
Runge said. This force must
be capable OF absorbing a first
blow and striking back or, at
the minimum. holding its own
until other forces can be
mobilized."
The reserves. Mr.. Runge said,
must have a small. highly ready
force available for a quick
backup for the regulars. There
must be another reserve ele-
ment with the ability to pro-
vide a base for large-scalC
mobilization" and other reServ-
lists available Ito provide the
initial loss replacement required
by the active forces which will
bear the brunt of the first
attack"
Need Exists
In effect" he said, Il am
saying that the requirement for
reserve component units exists
today and will continue to exist
for the foreseeable future"
The committee is studying
not only future reserve plans
but the mixup Of the Berlin
Gallup. Mr.. Runge said that
errors had been made, mostly
because the reserves were Or
ganiZed for war time mobiliza-
ton. These errors, he said, are
being corrected.
Organizations speaking for
reservists have said that the
new plans may have the ef-
feet of diminishing the size
and value to the Nation of the
reserves. The subcommittee
will hear these views later.
Some members of the sub
committee wonder if the in
equities of the Berlin Gallup
can be avoided by making re-
serve service voluntary rather
than compulsory in part.
Anticipating questions on
this. Mr.. Runge said today that
some compulsory service will be
necessary or the whole reserve
concept will have to be
changed.
Individual reServiSts have
their own stake in these hear
See RESERVES, Page AS
Evening star., 1962-04-16
ThreeSegregationists
Are communicated
New Orleans
PreIute Acts
ForCutholics

NEW ORLEANS. April l6
tAP). - The Roman Catholic
archbishop of New Orleans to-
day communicated three
persons in segregation feud,
including the Louisiana polit-
ical boss. Leander H. Perez, Sr.
Archbishop Joseph Francis
Rummel also accommodated
Mrs. B. J. Gaillot, jr., and a
Citizens Council official, Jack
son G. Ricau of New Orleans.
Mrs. Gaillot. Al, leader of a
small segregation group, Save
Our Nation. picketedthe arch
bishops residence the day he
ordered parochial schools to
be desegregated.
Mr.. Perez is a longtime po-
litical boss of st. Bernard and
PlaquemineS parishes (coun-
tlesJ. He has been a leading
figure IN the fight against in
tegration in Louisiana.
Mr.. Ricau is executive secre-
tary of the pro-segregation
Citizens Council OF South
Louisiana.
Accusations Called False
Mrs. Gaillot said: His Ex-
cellency has no right to make
that official without notifying
me first. His accusations are
false. And the Vatican will have
to intervene"
Msgr. Charles j. Plauche,
chancellor Of the archdiocese,
read the accommodation or
der at a news conference. The
order read:
Despite the paternal ad-
monition Of his excellency, the
Most Rev. Joseph Francis Rum
mel, Archbishop Of New Or
leans, cautioning certain mem
bers Of the church against any
further attempt through word
or deed to hinder his orders or
provoke the devated people OF
this venerable archdiocese to
disobedience, or rebellion. In
the matter Of opening our
schools to all Catholic children
; the following subjects Of the
archrioceSe, by flagrant disre-
, gard of his fatherly counsel
have incurred the spiritual
penalty Of accommodation Of
which he warned them In his
personal and confidential let
ter of March 81. 1862:
Mr.. Leander H. Perez, sr..
Mr.. Jackson Ricau. Mrs. B. j.
Gaillot, jr.
This spiritual penalty may
be remitted only by the ordi-
nary archbishop or by his
delegates"
Signed by Chancellor
This statement bore Msgr.
Plauche's signature and was
dated April Is.
Earlier. Mrs. Gaillot said she
would appeal directly to the
Pope her controversy with the
archbishop.
The prelate closed the door
on any possible audience with
Mrs. Gaillot with a statement
last night contending he be-
came convinced that Mrs.
Gaillot obviously intended to
use this interview to gain fur
ther widespread publicity. :"
Evening star., 1962-04-16

for the $26 million the commit
tee had raised. He emphasized
that there was no cash in
volved in the ransom but that
the committee had received
commitments from individual
Cubans and Americans toward
paying CaStro's demands.
None of the money was from
the American Government, Mr..
Freyre said. He said he would
prefer not to identify any of
the individuals or companies
who contribute to the fund for
the release of the prisoners.
Plan Appearances
The go battered survivors still
consider themselves to be pris-
onerS and will until the last of
their comrades are freed, Mr..
Freyre said. All but the most
severely wounded will soon
begin making public appear
ances throughout the country
in an effort to raise the ransom
price. The drive for funds is
expected to begin next Sunday
in New York, according to
Enrique Llaca, committee vice
treasurer.
Mr.. Castro conducted himself
with great amiability during
the negotiations last week, Mr..
Freyre said, but contended he
was helpless to change the
decision of the military court
that sentenced all of the men
to 80 years in prison. Fidel,
still wearing his military uni
form, indicated he would like to
release the prisoners but said
he was helpless in the face of
See PRISONERS, Page Az
Evening star., 1962-04-16
VIOLA-PIANO DUO
IS RATED HIGH

A VlolA-PlANo TEAM. the
WoIlfiseh Duo, played at the Me-
tionoI GoIIery lost night. The
Stor's music critic. Irving Lo~ens.
rotes some Of the music they pIoyed
poor, but their ployins high. His
review and notices on the English
Consort Of Viols ot the Phillips Col
lection and o piono duo at the
Montgomery County Arts center
ore on Pose 80.
Evening star., 1962-04-16
U. 5. May Sue
Segregated
Aid Recipients
Would Force
School Inteerution
In Impoeted Areas
BY the Associated Press

Assistant Attorney General
Burke Marshall said today the
Government may sue segre-
gated school districts receiving
Federal aid to break down their
racial barriers.
I'VE are now studying the
feasibility of bringing suit to
compel those districts which
have already accepted Federal
funds to open their schools to
all without regard to race" he
said.
Mr.. Marshall. testifying be-
fore a House Education sub
committee added:
"A successful suit Of that
kind would be the most effec-
tive means of solving the prob
lem of discrimination IN I'M
pacted area schools"
Impacted schools are those
whose enrolment has been
swollen by nearby Federal IN
stallationS. They receive Fed
eral assistance.
Mr.. Marshall, in charge of
the Justice Departments Civil
Rights Division, appeared in
connection with the subcom-
mittee'S study Of pending bills
to speed desegregation in pub
lie schools.
Compliance Preferred
He said bills that would re-
quire compliance with school,
deSegregation d ecisions are
preferable to those that woulc
withhold Federal funds. He
called the latter negative anc
punitive.
Some of the bills. he said
would set a target date fol
compliance with the Supreme
Courts school decision, would
empower the Attorney General
to bring actions for such COM
pliance, and would provide
technical and financial aid to
schools carrying out desegre-
CATION programs.
I'VE favor the objectiveS and
the principle of these meas
ureS." he said. Eight years
after the decision (order-
ing desegregation), there are
still some 1900 officially segre-
gated school districts in the
United States. In three States,
not a single school district has
moved toward even token de-
segregation"
Action Helpful
Mr.. Marshall said congress
Sional action giving effect to
the ruling would be most
helpful if there is to be signifi-
cant progerss in guaranteeing
hundreds of thousands of
children their constitutional
rights"
Mr.. Marshall discussed the
bills dealing with Federal
money for the impacted areas.
One of these would ban Fed
eral payments to school dis
tricts found to be operating
segregated schools.
UNLESS no other course is
available, however, 1 question
whether the withholding Of
funds is best adapted to achiev-
ing the desired results" Mr..
Marshall said. Denial of funds
might. in some instances. re-
suit in desegregation.
"On the other hand, the
threat of withdrawal of Fed
eral aid might also result in a
decision by the school district
to do without the funds, par
ticularly if it is located in an
area of rigid resistance to de-
segregation"
Evening star., 1962-04-16

Woshington's business bo-
rometer is deeisiveIy influ-
eneed by fluctuations Of the
FederoI payroll. Government
poy hikes, Ioy-offs or hir-
ines effect Woshingtonions
whether they ore FederoI
employees or not.
Evening star., 1962-04-16
Cuba Prisoners Made
Decision Freeing so
Release of Sick and Wounded
Seen Exceeding 81 Million Cost
By JERRY O'LEARY, Jr.
Star Staff Writer

MIAMI Fla, April 16-The 176 prisoners of the Bay of
Pigs invasion made the decision themselves permit Ffde
Castro to release the so sick and wounded who
to the United States for ransom
This disclosed today Ernesto Freyre the exled
Cuban lawyer who Havana last week in an effort
Evening star., 1962-04-16
Another Gallup Crisis
Believed Not Probable
Expansion, Growth Will Meet Need,
Runqe Tells House Committee
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
Star Staff Writer

Crisis mobilization Of military reserviStS probably will
necessary again. Assistant Secretary of Defense Car
Isle Runge told House Armed Services subcommittee
today.
Expansion of regular forces and readiness
Evening star., 1962-04-16
BY MYRA MACPHERSON
Star Staff Writer

1t is very difficult to smile
about money, especially when
you're giving it to someone
else - say, for example, the
Revenue Service.
And this morning at 8:15
there wasn't a smile on any
Some People Refuse to Pay.
Poee B-l
of the faces of the not-quite-
yet taxpayers who came in out
of the sunshine to seek tax
assistance in the Internal Rev
enue Building.
You mean my figures are
correct?" asked one woman
sorrowfully, Il didn't want to
think I was right"
Michael Cuddy, revenue
agent who's been assisting peo-
pie with their tax math since
January 2, said, "All right, the
lext five can come in" and
licked off another group from
he hall-long line.
In a half hour, 81 people
me into the room, which had
calendar with Monday. Ap;ll
). circled in black. By 1890
M, l25 had sat at the school
Ee desks.
An extra crew of agents was
Evening star., 1962-04-16

CoIumnist Joseph Y oune's
column, THE FEDERAL
SPOTLIGHT, is first with the
news on whot the odminis-
trotion, Congress and Civil
Service ore doing for and
with the Federal empIoye.
In TOdGy'S Star
Page A-2
Evening star., 1962-04-16
j. S.-Bonn Rift
Clouds Talks
Here on Berlin
Stute Department
Denies Proposing
Troop Reduction
BY JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
Associated Press Writer

United States and West Ger
man differences today mar
rowed the area of negotiation
open to Secretary of State
Rusk in starting a new round
of Berlin settlement talks with
Russia.
United States officials here
and in Bonn, it is reported,
West 6ermons Insist on Limiting
Reds Role. Poee AS
are striving to WIN full ap-
proval from West German
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer
to four major negotiating pro-
poSals circulated to Allied gov
ernmentS by Mr.. RuSk last
week.
Mr.. Adenauer, however, con-
tinued to oppose Strenuously
any offer of a concession to
the Russians that, in his view.
would move toward recognition
Of the Communist East Ger
man government.
Troop Proposal Denied
The United States, mean
while, denied most emphatically
that it had proposed any re-
duction Of Western troops in
Berlin.
mo such proposals on troops
reductions has been made"
State Department Spokesman
Lincoln White told a hurriedly
convened, mid-morning news
conference.
Mr.. White referred specifi-
cally to news dispatch from
Bonn, written by Flora Lewis
for the Washington Post. He
said:
The Flora Lewis piece in the
press this morning is wholly
inaccurate"
The Bonn dispatch said that
the reduction was part of
new four-point plan on Berlin.
1t said that the United States
has suggested citing the pres
ent 1880 troops in West Ber-
lin to about 5000.
In Bonn authoritative diplo-
matte sources said they know
nothing about the reported
proposal.
Idea Called "Silly"
I'm fact, the whole idea
seems even silly to discuss" one
high-ranking diplomat said. |
The roughly 10000 men Of the |
Berlin garrison constitute a
token force anyway and It's
just barely enough to assure
The internal security Of the
city. :"
The talks opening here today |
between Mr.. RuSk and Soviet
Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin
were scheduled for mid-after-
noon. Mr.. RuSk'S previous
round of discussions was neld
with Foreign Minister Andrei .
A. Gromyko in Geneva and
ended three weeks ago. !
The RuSk Gromyko talks
failed to break the long East .
West deadlock over Berlin, but |
they were followed by a sharp
See BERLIN, Page AS
Evening star., 1962-04-16
Weather Forecast

District and vicinity-Clear and cold with
frost tonight. Low temperature will be "a
IN city and % in suburbs Tomorrow, sunny
and becoming warmer. High, 49, at pm
today; low, IS, at am. today.
Full Report on Pose B-2
Evening star., 1962-04-16

Some People Refuse to Pay.
Poee B. |
Evening star., 1962-04-16

West 6ermons Insist on Limiting
Reds Role. Poqe AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-24
New York OKs
Housing Project

NEW YORK. Aug. "a (APl =.
The Board of Estimate unan-
imouSly approved last night a
$3.46 million public housing
project in the Rockaways of
Queens County. Action on the
173-apartment project came
after a four-hour public hear
ing that included considerable
criticism.
A group Of about 100 Rock
away residents opposing were
openly accused of bigotry by
spokesman for Negro, welfare
and housing organizations at
tending the meetings. They
were accused Of opposing the
project because it would be
open to Negroes.
The opponents said they were
against the move because they
felt it would bring slum con-
ditions to the area. They de-
MED any bigotry.
Queens Borough President
John T. Clancy. asked how he
stood on the proposed project.
said: I'm on the side of what S
best for our people. that's the
side I'm on"
He had criticized the project.