davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23
Prince Georqes Charter

1t is good to see evidence of in
creased activity and interest among
Prince Georges civic groups in the
charter movement to reform county
government. Seminars and mass meet
1ngS to explain and discuss the issues
are being scheduled with increasing
frequency This Is a subject, however, on
which all county residents should fully
acquaint themselves well in advance of
the November elections, when the ques-
ton OF selecting a charter board is
virtually certain to appear on the ballot.
In our opinion the so-called Project
Marlboro" report, developed by the
Prince Georges County Civic Federation,
made persuasive case for charter. AS
the report pointed out the present
County Commissioner form of govern
ment probably was well suited to the
needs Of 1900, when the county had a
bare 10000 residents. Today, with the
population increased 12-fold and still
growing, the need seems apparent for
changes which would strengthen the
county government and provide a
greater degree of autonomy over local
affairs. It is ridiculous that a county of
such size and economic strength should
lack today the power to issue bonds for
county needs, or even to invest county
funds for short periods of time Prince
Georges, moreover, is the last of the
urban counties in the Washington area
to adopt some form of home rule
charter.
There is no surprise in the fact that
a good bit of squabbling already has
broken out over the most desirable form
of home rule, especially on the question
of an elected executive in addition to a
county council. Agreement on these
issues now, however, is not nearly as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23
De GouIIe's Post-AIqerio Outlook
Bv CROSBY s. NJ
Foreign Correspondent of The Star

bility Of a general election in
the near future.
For the time being, per-
haps, President de Gaulle
can afford to ignore the storm
signals. While peace in AL
geria still hangs in the bal
ance and the safety of the
state itself is actively
threatened, he can continue
to count on the massive sup
port of the country. If nee
essary he can rule by decree
without consulting factions.
He can and probably will
dissolve Parliament within
the next two months after
winning approval of his Alge-
rian policies in a nationwide
referendum.
Referendum Slated
The prospects for these
moves, however, are perhaps
not as bright as Gen. de
Gaulle's supporters would
like to believe. In the refer
endum the voters will be
asked to answer yes or no to
a complicated three-part
question which calls for ap-
proval of the Evian agree
ment and further sweeping
presidential power to- put
them into effect.
Though a majority of at
least 80 per cent is being pre-
dicted in government circles,
many observers believe the
prediction is a rash one. A
smaller majority could be
taken as a moral defeat for
the government and serve as
encouragement for Gen. de
Gaulle's opponents, both in
Algeria and France.
The outlook for the elec-
lions to follow is even more
dubious. The largest political
party in the National Assem-
blythe Gaullist Union for
the New Republic-seems
certain to have the toughest
time at the polls. Some ex-
perts are predicting the UNR
may lose half of their 200
seats to left-wing candidates
enormously complicating
future relations between the
government and Parliament.
It could mark the begin
ming of real political trouble
for the man who many still
regard today as the savior
of France. Gen. de Gaulle's
present power is perhaps far
less secure than it appears,
depending as it does very
largely on the reaction of the
country to the crisis in Al
geria. Once this crisis is
passed, the generals domestic
and European policies will
not command nearly the
same support. And a return to
normal political habits may
not be long delayed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23
A BOOK FOR TO-DAY
Great Man Deserves q Better Fate
BY DONALD MINTZ

WANSION CHURCHILL: THE
VALIANT YEARS. BY Jack
LIE Wen and John Lord.
Maps by Liam Dunno.
All PIP. Bernard Gels AS
sociates; $7.50.)
The idea that World
War II and the role played
in it by Winston Churchill
are properties to be exploited
is singularly loathsome. All
appearances convey the i'm
preston that this is precisely
the idea behind Winston
Churchill: The Valiant
Years"
Let us begin at the sur
face. The dust jacket dis
plays a celebrated photograph
OF Sir Winston; this is surely
appropriate. But the typog-
raphy suggests to the casual
eye that the jacket covers a
book by Sir Winston, an i'm
preston the title itself does
nothing to dissipate.
Inside, we meet the coun-
terfeit drama of the present
tense: LAS the cool luminous
dawn of autumn rises over
the eastern frontier of Ger
many it picks out the stark
steel sinews of a radio mast,
barely inside the German
boundary. A few COWS ramble
heavily about the pastures,
their breath steaming as
they bend to crop the dewy
grass. A faint mist outlines
the shape of hedgerows and
trees. Over all there is a
pastoral stiffness, but a still
ness that carries a sinister
air."
IN DUE COURSE, we dis
cover what this is all about:
1T is I September, 1899,
and Fall Weiss is going &C
cording to plan. :"
1t is a curious fact that
the fabricators of sound
track eloquence seem never to
have heard of the dictionary,
that great weapon of defense
against our treacherous Ian
guage.
Jack LIE Wen Conceived
and designed the widely &C
claimed television series The
Valiant Years based on
Winston Churchill's monu-
mental history of World
War II" John Lord is "a
writer-producer in television."
Together, they are claimed to
have put "the story of how
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23

Winston Churchill achieved
immortality in his own life
time" into dramatic, read
able form" Are we to infer
that Churchill himself Is not
readable?
And why is it that nothing,
not even that terrible war,
is proof against the wide
streak of vulgarity which is
seemingly an essential con-
stituent Of the characters of
those who succeed in the
world behind the tiny screen?
DURING THE WAR
Churchill courted physical
danger, apparently immune
to bombs and shrapnel. Now,
his great prose, in the form
OF large quotations, stands in
this flood of vulgarity. It too
proves to be immune-small
comfort, perhaps, but COM
fort nonetheleSs.
And the events themselves
are so terrible that to an
extent they also Withstand
the prose. During the satura-
ton raids on Hamburg, peo-
pie died hideous deaths
in bomb shelters because
Through the air ducts of the
ventilating systems, sucked in
by fans, flashes living flame.
Hundreds die in seconds,
their lungs scared to cinders.
Within minutes their bodies
are reduced to ashes, as if
in incinerators. Some, in an
extreme of panic, flee the
shelters into streets blocked
solid by hungry fire. In the
intense heat they stagger a
few PAGES and die, dried out
like finder"
When one writes the his
tory of mankind, is one under
no obligation to honor the
language? Are not the
literary decencies. including
the avoidance of sensation
alist cliches, a measure of
the human decencies?
Like it or not, this large
book is now a fact. It will
probably sell we'll. Whether
or not it is readable de-
ponds on how the word is
defined. The book is Ger
tainly no strain on the mind,
though the stomach may
fare less well. In any event,
it is an abuse-an abuse of
a great man and his writings,
and of a historical event
whose significance we are
still learning.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23
Questions and Answers
By THE HASKIN SERVICE
street
D. Please ncose

some cases of court-martial?
w. D.
A. Yes. Article II Of the
Act of May S, 1850, states:
No court-martial sentence
extending to death or involv-
ing a general or flag officer
shall be executed until ap-
proved by the PRESIDENT. He
shall approve the sentence
or such part, amount, or
committed form Of the SEN
tence as he sees fit, and may
suspend the execution of the
sentence or any part of the
sentence. as approved by him,
except the death sentence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23
Order at Fort Polk

In his letter to all subordinate COM
mands, Army Chief of Staff George H.
Decker has issued well-justified direc-
tive ordering an end to public COM
plants by disgruntled reservists who
want to be returned to civilian life
forthwith. Reminding these individuals
that "the threat to our national security
is real, is grave and is backed by tremen-
dous" Communist military power, he
has called upon their superiorS to make
clear to them why their service is as
essential as the President has just re-
affirmed and why they should wear the
uniform with the same sense of pride
and dedication as in the past"
Acting in accord with this directive,
Maj. Gen. Harley B. West of Fort
Polk, La, has cracked down with COM
mendable vigor on gripping reservists I'M
der his command. These malcontents-
apparently only tiny minority of the
forts $1,000 troops, including the Texas
National Guards 49th Armored Division
have recently staged a series of pro-
test meetings to complain about having
been called to duty in connection with
the Berlin crisis. Noisily pressing for
their early release from service, they
have given voice to what General West
has described as 'contemptuous words
and remarks against the President of
the United States and against the Con-
greSs and members thereof"
Certainly such conduct is militarily
inexcusable. If tolerated and allowed to
spread through the ranks, it could re-
duce any army anywhere to an absurd
ity. General West has reacted accord
ingly. Giving the gripers a proper
dressing down for bringing "discredit
upon the Army and this post" he has
commanded them to hold no more
gatherings and to Soldier with dignity,
honor and respect for our country" If
they think they have legitimate griev-
ance, he has told them, they are free
to write to their Congressman about it,
but they must do SO only in the privacy
Of their barracks and in respectful
language" This is Christening order,
and it ought to be taken to heart by all
who have asked for it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23

important as whether the county will
vote in November to establish board
to draft specific charter, the details
OF which would be voted upon at a
subsequent general election.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23

Excellent police work under
Captain Kutner has resulted
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23

@. What makes an under
tow at the seashore?-R. H.
A. When a wave rushes up
on a beach, the water must
recede. Meanwhile, another
wave is approaching. This
second wave climbs over the
water which is running back.
This is repeated time and
time again. There is there
fore a seward flowing cur
rent set up under the advanc-
ing waves.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-23

Q. Is the Presidents ap-
proval required before SEN
tence can be carried out in
Evening star., 1962-04-29
CITIZENS
MEETINGS

Meeting announcements
must be in the hands OF the
Ciuic Calendar editor By noon
Thursday of each iUeek to
insure publication in the
column on Sunday. Those
received too late iDiH not be
used separately unless there
is some special nelGS Stgnift-
canoe attached to them.
District Commissioner Wal
ter N. Tobriner will speak to
the Palisades Citizens Associa-
ton on District affairs at 8
pm. tomorrow at the Palisades
Field House, Sherrier and Ed
mundS places NV.
Capt. Lawrence A. Hartnett
of the Metropolitan Polio e
homocide squad will talk to
the Association of the Oldest
Inhabitants of the District of
Columbia at 8 pm. Wednesday
in the Board Room of the Ma
tional Savings and Trust Com
pany, Fifteenth street and New
York avenue NV. His topic
will be interesting solutions of
crimes.
Other civic groups meeting
this week. all at 8 pm. unless
otherwise noted, are:
TOMORROW
Northwest Council of Citizens ASso-
ciatiOns-private home, 2S4S Arizona
ave. NV. Special meeting TO discuss
appointment of juvenile court Judses
and conflict of interest of Government
officials holding positions in private
industry.
DearwoOd Civic AssociatiOn-Carver
Elementary School, 45th st. and Sher-
If rd ne. Representatives of the
District Republican State Committee
and the District Democratic Central
Committee will speak.
GeOrEetown Citizens Association
St. Johns Parish Hall, Potomac and Q
SITS. NV.
TUESDAY
Brentwood Citizens Association -
Paul jr. Hieh school, sth and Ogle-
thorpe SITS. NV.
WEDNESDAY
Benning Ridge Civic Association -
Davis School H st. and 45th pl. sc.
Arlington Ridge Civic AsSOciat ation-
Gunston jr. High School, 2700 S. Lang
St, Arlington. Va.
THURSDAY
Capitol Hill Southeast Citizens ASSo-
cia atiOn-Hine jr. High School. 1th and
SITS. sc.
Northeast Council Of Citizens Asso-
ciations-No. L. Precinct, 18th st. and
Rhode Island ave. ne.
Connecticut Avenue Citizens AssO-
ciation-Cleveland Park Library. Con-
necticut ave. and Macomb st. NV.
Mount Olivet Heights Civic Associa- =
tion-Wheatley School, Montello ave.
and Neal ST. ne.
Evening star., 1962-04-29

said, the children were likely
to push the bar again. In fact,
the response was somewhat
greater when the voice said,
that's bad"
The psychologists reasoned
that the response was condi>
toned by the fact that the
children knew nothing would
happen to them when they
pushed the bar, even when the
machine made a negative re-
ply.
If We we're to analogue from
the present experimental situa-
ton to real-life situations.
they said in their report, the
conclusion would be that the
pre-School child is just as likely
to repeat a form of behavior
when a parent says that's bad
as when a parent says that's
good if the former statement
is never accompanied by some
more substantial form of pun
iShment."
Evening star., 1962-04-29
Miss Washington
Added to Festival

Singer Dinah Washington has
been added to the program of
the First international Jazz
Festival to be held here May 30
June 3.
Miss Washington will be re-
united with Lionel Hampton
and his band June l in the
Washington Coliseum for the
first time since she began her
career with the group many
years ago.
She also will appear in the
jazz symphony program May 81
in Constitution Hall. The singer
will appear with the National
Symphony Orchestra under the
direction of Howard Mitchell
and composer Gunther Schuller
with the Duke Ellington Or
chestra and jazz soloistS.
/ The New York production of
the all-Negro Christmas story,
The Black Nativity" has been
added to the gospel singing
program scheduled June 3 in
the Washington Coliseum.
/ A nine-man group has been
named for the jazz liturgy to be
performed June 3 in the Epis-
copal Church Of the Epiphany,
1877 G street NV. The Rev.
Charles D. Kean. pastor of the
church, will conduct the service
written by Ed Summerlin.
Evening star., 1962-04-29
THE SUNDAY STAR
Washington, D. C., April 2e, 1862
Children Need Whocks,
Not Just 'Don'tDo That

ATLANTIC CITY. N. j.. April
% (AP).-A psychologist said
today a study he has made
suggests what many parents
suspected all along: You can't
reason with kids.
In other words, said DR.. Jo-
seph J. Antonitis of the Univer-
sity Of Maine. a whack across
the backSide usually is more
effective than simply saying.
Don't do that" without any
accompanying punishment.
But children won't learn to
do right simply by being pun
ished for doing wrong, either.
he said.
Need Rewards
You have to reward them
for doing the right thing, either
by saying something or by pat
on the head or some attention, "
he said.
DR.. AntonitiS. working with
Roger B. Frey of the University
Of Maryland. made these find
ings in a study of nursery
school children. He reported on
them at the annual meeting of
the Eastern Psychological
Association.
The psychologists used a little
box with a bar-pressing appara-
tus outside. loud-Speaker in
side. They put it in a nursery
school and studied the re-
sponses of the children to what
followed when they pressed the
bar.
Sometimes all that came out
when the bar was pressed was
the garbled sound of a human
voice. On other days, a voice
said. That's good" On still
other days, the voice said,
That's bad"
Same Response
Later the psychologists used
other positive and negative
statements on the tape that
replied when the bar was
pushed.
Regardless of what the voice
Evening star., 1962-04-29

rary housing. welfare assist
ance and a job or help in find
ing a job.
The Washington resettlement
is part Of the program being
carried out by the United
States Committee for Refugees.
The committee so far has re-
settled about 21,000 Cubans
outside the Miami area, aver
aging about $50 a week. But, it
reported yesterday. refugees
continue to stream into Miami
a tthe rate of 1000 a week.
Evening star., 1962-04-29

at 10 am. May 10 at the
Meridian House, 1880 Crescent
place NV.
Progress toward the estab-
lishment of a downtown in
formation service and new
services to diplomatic visitors
will be described.
Evening star., 1962-04-29
Is Cubu Families
Get Refuge Here
BY the Associated Press

Twenty-Five Cuban refugee
families are to start new lives
in this area May 81 under
auspices of the Washington
ID. c. Area Committee for
Refugees.
DR.. Luther H. Evans, COM
mittee chairman. announced
yesterday that the necessary
sponsors have been found for
the IS families now in the Mi
ami area after fleeing Fidcl
Castro's Cuba.
Sponsors. who may be indi-
viduals. religious or civic
groups or business organiza-
tionS, agree to provide tempo
Evening star., 1962-04-29
Fireworks BIust FutuI

SAC PAULO, Brazil, April %
(AP).-An explosion shattered
a fireworks factory in a Sac
Paulo suburb today and police
said one person was killed.
Evening star., 1962-04-29
World Visitor Aides
Plan New Services

The annual meeting of Or
CARNATIONS Giving Service to
International Visitors in the
Washington area will be held
Evening star., 1962-04-29

ADfER TIsEM-NT.
Evening star., 1962-04-29

Ride in comfort as this Craftsman
cuts 24-in. path! 4.HP, 4-cycle
Craftsman engine has No.Pull
starter. Hand controls forward,
neutral, reverse positions.
Evening star., 1962-04-30
WILLIAM S. WHITE
Next For Kennedy: Rail Dispute

the politicians to the core.
They don't know what, if
anything. the President will
actually do in the railroad
dispute But they do know
that whatever he does or
does not do Will have in
evitable political repercus-
SlOns, as will what ne does
o. does not do in any sub
Seuuent case.
In short. they have strong
reasons TO HOPE to be
counted out Of the whole
thing. For when the Presi-
dent entered the affair in
steel. he committed him
self, at that very moment, to
a new policy. This amounted
TO declaring that IN vital
national = interest industrial
collisions he proposed to as
sert a public interest as
higher than that of either
labor or capital
He did this. however. on
his own power and his own
responsibility. CONGRESS.
having neither his power nor
ms responsibility. would
like to leave 1t at that. The
word there is this.
This. friend. is all the
Presidents show, not ours"
Evening star., 1962-04-30
DAVID LAWRENCE
On Fixinq Standards for Votinq

of the Constitution which
give the States the sole power
to fix qualifications of vot-
ers can be ignored. If, indeed,
a State can fix a third-grade
education or a college degree
as a standard for qualifica-
tion. it will be asked: why
doesn't a State have the con-
stitutional power to determine
and prescribe its own stand
ards of "literacy" and to ap-
ply them equally to all per-
sons?
But if Congress has the
Overriding" right to fix
Standards" then, in an en-
deavor to abolish racial dis
elimination in factories, a
law could be enacted setting
efficiency" standards in en-
ployment based on a fixed
number of years of experience
in a particular trade or pro-
feSsion. 1t could require an
employer to hire, whenever
there are enough applicants,
at least one colored worker
for every white employe. The
argument could be made that
equal protection of the law"
as set forth in the Four
teenth Amendment, overrides
all other articles of the Con-
Stitution.
In reality. the Supreme
Court in two decisions has de-
clared that neither the Four
teenth nor the Fifteenth
Amendment gave any addi-
tional powers to Congress but
merely forbade discrimination
in respect to the use of exist
ing powers.
There are plenty of ways,
however, to circumvent the
Constitution if the public is
indifferent and accepts the
doctrine that "the end JUS
titles the means" There is
currently prevalent in some
quarters a mood of impatience
with the method of amend
ing the Constitution pre-
Scribed in that document it
self. The New York Times
expresses something of this
mood in the concluding para
graph of its editorial as fol-
lows: 1T is time to put aside
specious legal arguments and
consider the real issue before
the Senate and before the
country-the right of Ne
groes to vote"
(Copyright, 1862
Evening star., 1962-04-30
What He Does or Does Not Do Is Likely
To Bring Some Political Repercussions

body wanted to see it in a
Congressional election year.
Congress is leery over the
whole affair now largely be-
cause it sees the strong pos
sibility that the Presidents
action in steel may force him
into a series of White House
interventions. of one degree
or another, into other ma
tional-interest" labor and
management disputes.
Mr.. Kennedy's reasoning
in the steel episode was that
Big Steel could not be al
lowed to raise its prices in
so bedrock a "national-in-
tereSt" industry because of
the peculiar circumstances.
Notably, there was the pecu-
liar circumstance that labor
had been prodded to go easy
on wage demands and had in
fact done so.
Now. it does not follow in
any event that he will think
it necessary to intervene so
draStically and so dramatic
ally again; very probably. he
will not. What does follow.
however, is that to some far
lesser extent he simply may
have to do So-and possibly
more than once.
Already. for illustration,
the Nations railroads have
served notice that in current
negotiations with half a
million employees they eX-
pect the President to call
on the unions to forego
either wage increases or
larger fringe benefits.
What the President did in
steel. the railroads have said.
he should be expected to do
to avoid initiation when
there is a threat in other
areas s"-meaning in the rail-
road industry.
This sort of thing shakes
Evening star., 1962-04-30
New Zealand Takes
ST Million in Bonds

WELLINGTON, New Zealand,
April 80 (AP).-Prime Minister
Keith j. Holyoake announced
today that New Zealand would
subscribe for ST million worth
of the United Nations 5000 mil
lion bond issue.
Mr.. Holyoake said New Zea-
lands share of the issue was
$820,000, figured according to
the annual assessment charged
to each country.
Evening star., 1962-04-30

The politicians in both
parties are walking with al
most comical ft-footedneSs
to stay strictly out of the
new business uncertainties
which have followed Presi-
dent Kennedy's veto of Big
Steel's recent effort TO raise
its prices.
Rarely have Democrats and
Republicans alike in Con-
gress been so busy in trying
to look busy elsewhere.
Speaking generally, they
want no part of the respon-
sibility either altogether to
support or altogether to con-
demn what has now clearly
become the Presidents deep
involvement in the basic
economic affairs of this
country.
This is not because any
large part of Congress, in
either party, thought the
President acted wrongly IN
forcing Big Steel to abandon
its lift in prices. Any secret
poll undoubtedly would es-
tablish that most of Con-
gress, regardless of party.
thought he acted rightly
here.
This congressional view
was widely held in private,
Notwithstanding some public
Republican huffing and puff
ing against the Presidents
methods. for two reasons:
/. Big Steel's proposed
price advance followed sue
cessful efforts by Mr.. Ken
nedy to keep down excessive
labor demands on steel.
2. Nobody wanted to see a
new wage-price spiral which
practically every politician,
again regardless of party, be-
lieved would have been the
sure consequence of a steel
price rise. Certainly no.