davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-04-02
To Protect Witnesses

Law-abiding citizens play an import
ant role in bringing criminals to Justice
when they witness crime or have
evidence that crime has been COM
mitted. Yet the law as 1t now stands
gives witnesses no protection against
threats and violence until court proceed
ingS have actually started. The court
has ruled that the present obstruction
of-juStice statute, which Furnishes in
timidation Of witnesses in matters pend
ing before courts or administrative
agencies, does not apply until COM
plant is pending in Federal court or
Federal agency.
The chieftains of organized crime
are, of course, aware of this chink in the
legal armor. If they can reach witnesses
early enough in the investigation of
Federal crime, they can successfully
foreStall effective grand jury action
later, by what one Federal Judge re-
ferred to as underworld lockjaw." The
minions of organized crime have threat
ened enough witnesses at early stages in
Federal Investigations to prompt the
Attorney General to urge Congress to
plug this loophole in the law.
The Senate last year approved legis-
lation to protect witnesses in all prelim-
mary Investigations conducted by Justice
or Treasury agents. A House Judiciary
subcommittee approved a modified YER
sion Of the measure. It limited the ef-
feet Of the proposed law to inquiries
conducted by the FBI, the Bureau of
Narcotics and the Internal Revenue
Service and applied it only to specified
crimes, not including income tax mat
ters The measure now pending before
the full House Judiciary Committee is
limited to Investigations of murder, kid
naping, narcotics, liquor Violations,
prostitution, extortion, bribery, atomic
energy disclosures, espionage, sabotage,
treason and subversive activities.
These are the types of crimes which
nouriSh the underworld and give aid and
comfort to hostile forces. The perpetra-
tors have every reason to make sure the
lips of witnesses are sealed. It's now up
to the House Judiciary Committee to
take action to get those lips unsealed.
Evening star., 1962-04-02
THE PASSING SCENE
Dull Success Story of a Tax Bill
By WILLIAM S. WHIT

tax bill or don't your Re-
member, this Is the only bill
you are going to have q
chance to vote on"
Thus in every showdown
the Democrats-North, South,
East and West-"stood with
the committee" meaning, in
practice, its highly respected
charm an. Representative
Wilbur Mills Of Arkansas.
The Republicans had early
been committed by their lead
ers against the bill. So, they
too, simply stood with the
committee" - in this case
meaning with its Republican
part.
That is how it all really
worked. And that Is why the
reader Of political news
should be wary Of those pur-
pie reports Of immensely
clever secret "maneuverings"
by brilliant and hidden forces.
Like Intelligence Work
1t Is like intelligence work.
1t is an unhappy fact that
such work is rarely in the
hands Of madly attractive
agents Of both sexes in trench
coats who careen about dark
ened alleys in imported
sports cars. Most Of the time,
the fellows really doing the
job are hardly more romantic
than the vice president at the
bank-and hardly less sober
in their task.
Equally, beware Of tags
and slogans which suggest
that everything political In
the end Is in the hands Of
monolithic conservative" or
liberal" blocs-or ''Republi-
cans outhern Democratic
coalitions"
For II conservative busi-
iness" was really against the
tax bill, as was often inti-
mated, why did the most
conservative Democrats fight
for 1t and the most liberal
Republican, fight against it?
Was it %party loyalty?" No.
Plainly and simply, this is
why: The Democrats did 1t
for "the committee and ole
Wilbur Mills" The Republi-
cans did it for "the commit
tee and ole Johnny Byrnes"
John Byrnes Of Wisconsin,
the most influential and able
senior Republican on Ways
and Means.
Evening star., 1962-04-02

passionately wishes to see his
beloved native land pursue q
constructive course which in
his view consists Of O rap
prochement with religion in
general and more particularly
with the Russian Orthodox
Church.
NEVERTHELESS, If we
proceed cautiously we can
CLEAN some interesting, infor-
nation from the book. There
is what appears to be q skill
full analysis of the nature Of
party (not government) anti
religious propaganda and the
manner in which it seeks to
make its impression. At the
same time. however, the un-
official, social anti-religious
pressure-as opposed to Of
ficial activity-is mentioned
only in passing and perhaps
somewhat grudgingly.
The precise legal position Of
religious groups Is clearly
outlined. Worship is free.
So is anti-religious proga-
ganda. Religious propaganda,
however, is not free. Reli-
gious groups are forbidden to
establish social groups or I'M
dertake welfare activities Of
any kind.
"The enemies of the Soviet
State" writes Mr.. de Grun-
wald, 'have laid great stress
on these restrictive measures.
One should not forget, how
ever, that not a single one Of
them touches on the basic
right given to all churches
and sects in the Soviet Union
once and for all: The right to
worship and to form associa-
tions to that end"
There are, Of course, num-
erous indirect ways Of inter-
fering with that "basic right"
and the word "all" is mac
curate in any case, M. de
Grunwald admits that such
methods have been used with
great effectiveness In the
past. At the present. how
ever, he considers that ren-
gion is flourishing in the
Soviet Union with a vigor far
greater than Is generally be-
lieved and that there is every
reason for assuming that this
viii continue to be the case.
He may be right, but %
more dispassionate and less
propagandistic case would
have been stronger.
Evening star., 1962-04-02
Resevists and National Guard Fire in seIf-Defense

AS Executive Director OF
the Reserve Officers Associa-
ton of the United States. I
beg to take issue with the
column of Ralph McGill en-
titled Sacred Cows in the
Military"
Mr.. McGill bitterly attacks
the Reserves and the National
Guard and apparently thinks
the country would be better
off without either.
THE National Guard and
Reserves are more than ever
before in politics." he writes,
and adds, "they have become
sacred cows, jealousy guard
ed from modernization, re-
duction, or elimination. ;"
Nothing could be further
from the truth. It is apparent
that Mr.. McGill wrote only
from a few news stories at
hand without going into the
background.
AS to modernization Of the
Reserves. Mr.. McGill should
know that they have never
been better equipped than
they are today-due to con-
tinuing demands that they be
allowed to utilize the most
up-to-date equipment and
methods. This has been one
of their constant demands,
expressed both by themselves
and this association.
We know that back Of Mr..
McGill'S entire attack is the
matter of a few Reservists
and Guardsmen who have
griped, and thus made head
lines. But SO per cent or bet
ter Of the 10000 Reservists
called up have demonstrated
full recognition Of their OBJ
legation. It is most unfair to
condemn the whole lot for
what q few have done.
Let's review the record.
Gen. George H. Decker, Chief
of Staff, United States Army,
said in March that "the re-
cent successful build-up OF
Army combat power has once
again demonstrated the un-
questioned ability of the
Army Reserve to success
fully accomplish its in
creasingly demanding mis-
sion. The Army build-up
added yet another striking
chapter to the Army Reserves
story Of service to the Ma
tion." Gen. Decker said that
Gin the future, as Army Re-
servists return to their ci-
villain pursuits, they will 60
Evening star., 1962-04-02

not only with the good wishes
Of their comrades-in-arms in
the Active Army but also
with the heartfelt thanks of
their fellow citizens through
out America. For, q grateful
Nation has learned once
again that its citizen-soldiers
are ready. willing, and able
to do all that their country
asks !. ,, and then some"
Is Gen. Decker wrong and
Mr.. McGill right?
Gen. James Van Fleet, in
a special report to President
Kennedy after a visit to the
newly called-up troops, re-
ported, "The spirit Of the citi-
zen-soldier in all Of the units
and camps visited stands out
as the one indelible impress
sion. It Is magnificent and
truly reflects the readiness of
America to answer the call Of
the President IN this or any
other emergency. Complaints
are insignificant and not rep
reSentative Of the overwhelm-
ing majority. The headlines
appearing in the press Of dis
satisfaction and inadequacy
of supplies are overstated.
Morale Is extremely high in
all units"
Secretary Of Defense Nc
Namara on December q,
1861. said II want to take this
occasion to commend all
members Of the Defense Es-
tablishment for their per-
formance during the year now
ending. I am particularly ap-
preciative Of the sacrifices
that have been made and are
being made by the Reservist.
AS the President has said,
These men are render
ing the same kind Of service
to our country that an air.
plane standing on a 15-min-
ute alert at q SAC base in
Omaha Is rendering"
And what about the Navy
and Air Force?
In the Gallup, the Navy
Selected Reserve provided 40
destroyer types. 1S air squad
rons with 100 aircraft to the
fleet. These ships and air.
craft squadrons commanded
by the Reserves took their
places alongside their profess
sional contemporaries Of the
Regular Navy without in
cident and without any post
mobilization training. This
was accomplished smoothly,
Evening star., 1962-04-02

efficiently, and without COM
plant.
Similarly, the Air Reserve
Forces provided II heavy air
transport squadrons with SO
aircraft, and Is fighter and
reconnaissance squadrons,
with SIC Jet aircraft that be-
came Immediately operation
al. Many were performing
24-hour alerts at overseas
bases just weeks after their
Gallup.
Mr.. McGin is q member Of
the Defense Departments
Advisory Committee on Nom
Military instruction" If his
conclusions are as cursory
and ill-founded as those in
dicated In his article we
would be seriously concerned
about the results Of his con-
tributions to this important
committee. ---
John T. Carlton.
= 80
I agree with Col. John M.
Virden's letter expressing
strong feelings towards the
near-mutinous conduct Of
certain called UP reservists.
However. I take exception to
Col. Virden's denunciation of
the National Guard in gen.
eral, and the 49th Division
in particular. -.
In almost every case Of
dissension among troops in
the field, (of course, there
are always isolated excep-
tions), the loud-mouth cry
babies who have made the
headlines have been Enlisted
Reserve Corps filler troops
assigned to National Guard
units after activation.
The history and spirit of
the National Guard is a
proud heritage that the
entire Nation is well aware
Of. I challenge anyone to
furnish proof Except for
isolated exceptions) that Ma
tional Guardsmen have In
stigated or encouraged these
demonstrations and public
lamentations Of their plight.
I can assure Col. Virden, and
anyone else, that based on
my 20 years service as a
Guardsman, the National
Guardsmen of these acti-
waited units are sick with
shame at the actions of
their so called "comrades-in-
arms" william Z. Main.
Captain, 163rd M. p. Bn.,
d. c. Army National Guard.
Evening star., 1962-04-02

A sad thing about politics
Is that the true tale Of what
happened 'on the inside" In
great issues Is often so very
much duller than the sur
face appearance.
A striking case is the Demo-
cratic majority's success in
putting President Kennedy's
new tax reform bill through
the House Of Representatives
over the massive resistance
Of the Republicans.
1t was, Of course, a victory
for the President and for
House Speaker John W. Nc
Cormack, in that a rejection
Of the bill by the House would
have been a heavy-if only
momentary-defeat for both.
In this sense its Importance
should not be minimized. Nor
should the fact that the new
Speaker has a stronger prestige
position now than he had be-
fore.
It would make a good story
to be able to say that from this
outcome would flow all sorts
of dramatic consequences.
But this story would have
one regrettable flaw. It would
MT be so. For the gray, work.
aday truth is that the House
passed the tax bill most Of all
because. its Ways and Means
Committee told It to.
The Committees Case
What the controlling DEM
ocratic members Of that COM
mittee, the most powerful in
the House, really told the
large and clamorous and Of
ten confused membership of
the House itself was about
this:
Nov, we fellows have been
working on this bill for many
months, while you fellows
have been busy with your
own specialties-foreign af-
fairs legislation, military leg
islation, labor legislation and
so on. We know precisely
what is in this bill, because
it Is our baby. You don't
know what's really in it, and
you know you don't know.
$50 here it is: Maybe there
is some bad in this bill, as
there Is in any possible tax
bill-and nearly any other
kind Of bill. But there is
much more good in it, we
think. Now. do you want a
Evening star., 1962-04-02

the floor Of that chamber. The net
values Of this years effort at tax re-
vision will be measurable only after
both branches of the Congress have
agreed upon an end-product.
Evening star., 1962-04-02
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Religious Life in Atheist State

THE CHURCHES AND THE

THE CHURCHES AND THE
SOVIET UNION. BY Con-
stantin de Grunwald. Tran
slated from La Vie reli-
geuse en- q. r. s. s." by G.
j. Robinso n-Paskevsky.
Illus, 225pp. (The Mac
milan Co., 50
Constantin de Grunwald,
an historian and former .di-
plomatic official Of prerevo-
lutionary Russia. has set out
to assess the present situation
Of religion in the Soviet
Union.
This Is an interesting task
from many points Of view. It
is also an extremely difficult
one. For In addition to the
normal difficulties Of ascer-
tanning the state Of anything
in the Soviet Union, not the
least Of which Is the inevi
table necessity Of reconciling
theory and practice, the topic
is burdened with emotional l.
ism. Who, after all, ap-
proaches religious questions
with true dispassion?
Under the circumstances,
M. de Grunwald would have
done well to define his own
position with the utmost care.
This he has not done. t
Even the most insensitive
reader will soon guess that
the author is a communicate
Of the Russian Orthodox
Church; but he will not be
told so until page 213-and
then indirectly.
NOR is THE READER re-
assured by occasional bits OF
the crudest anti-American-
ism: Through the window
of the Intourist Hotel I was
able to look out at the snow
covered peaks Of Mount Ara
rat. which is outside Soviet
territory and is sometimes
: visited by parties Of United
States officers searching for
Noah's ark. The countryside
is beautiful, but I was told
that the ignorance and pow
erty Of the Armenians living
beyond the chain Of noun
tains Il. e.. in Turkey is be-
yond all imagination. Besides,
Soviet Armenians are not
likely to succumb to the In
fiuence Of separatist propa-
ganda spread among them by
their relatives, who come in
great numbers to visit them
from the United States. They
know all too well what could
happen to them IL they were
to lose the protection Of the
Soviet army and the enor-
nous capital invested in their
industry by Moscow
Nor is the logic always con-
vincing. In Latvia, we are
told; there are no particular
difficulties with (meaning
'for') the Roman Catholics. !"
It is just that they are not
always in touch with the pre-
scriptions Of the Holy See"
because, as an official of the
Council for Various Religious
Groups put it, "'They are not
capable Of understanding
them pronerly.'" =;
It is hard to see just why
M. de Grunwald quotes some
anti-Semitic remarks made
by Khrushchev in 1855, but
they appear to be designed
to demonstrate that q little
anti-Semitism is not really
anti-Semitism, or perhaps
that a little of it is a good
thing anyway, especially for
Jews.
These unhappy examples of
bad logic could be multiplied
almost at will. One has the
impression that they do not
result from i'll intent but
rather that M. de Srunwald
Evening star., 1962-03-31
Youth Serves
Only 1ODoys
In Bus Case

A teen-ager who served 10
of a possible 90 days in jail for
boarding a bus by the rear door
has been released on one-year
probation by Municipal Court
Judge Edward A. Beard.
Linworth Crawford, 18, of
the $500 block of Foote street
NE, pleaded guilty before
Judge Beard and was sentenced
to a 5000 fine or 80 days after
his arrest March 20 with four
other youths at Twenty-fourth
street and Benning road NE.
Two 17-year-olds were re-
leased to their parents and two
18-year-olds avoided court by
forfeiting $40 collateral. Craw-
ford, who didn't have $40, went
to court, where an original dis
orderly conduct charge was
changed to one of violating
Public Utilities Commission
regulations.
Crawford, a Phelps Voca-
tional High School student, won
leniency yesterday after he told
Judge Beard he could not pay
the fine and would have to
serve his full sentence.
The judge. however, refused
to allow the youth to withdraw
his guilty plea. Crawford denied
boarding the bus and said he
pleaded guilty only to avoid
trouble" with the arresting Of
ficer, Ninth Precinct Pvt. Ray
+ l.. Dixon.
Evening star., 1962-03-31

and that the change would not
lead to their elimination.
OF prime concern to towns
is any system which would re-
duce services provided munich
pal residents by both local and
county offices, Mayor Wood
worth said.
Another speaker, Woodrow A.
Shriver, candidate for re-elec-
ton to the local Republican
State Central Committee, said
he worked for the 1852 charter
campaign and still favors it
although a majority of the
committee will take no stand.
1T makes absolutely no sense
at all to oppose constitutional
home rule" Mr.. Shriver said.
November Balloting
He urged that candidates for
the charter board to draft the
new government be represent
ative of civic, business and pro-
fessional groups. If a petition
drive is successful, charter it
self and board candidates will
be on the ballot in November.
A number of persons attend
ing the 212- hour meeting at
Prince Georges Plaza empha-
education on charter. Andrew
Gemeny' of College Park said
citizens still need to be worked
up" about good government.
I stuck 500 stamps on let
tiers about this meeting and
look at all the empty chairs"
he added.
Evening star., 1962-03-31
Harry Taylor Covenough,
Served in u. S. CuvuIry

Harry Taylor Cavenaugh, 81,
a retired design and construc-
tion engineer, died last Monday
of a heart attack while on
vacation in Fort Lauderdale,
Fla.
A native OF New York, he
was graduated from the United
States Military Academy in
1924 and served with the Sd
Cavalry at Fort Meade, Md.
in the late 1920s.
The son of the late Col. Harry
La Tourrette Cavenaugh ot
Washington, he represented the
fourth generation of the family
to serve in the Regular Army
Resigning his commission ir
1882, he worked as a uesigr
engineer for the New York
Central Railroad, and later as
a construction engineer for the
Westinghouse Corp, in which
position he worked on the
building of the Atomic Energy
Commissions plant at Oal
Ridge, Tenn.
Before his retirement in 1853
Mr.. Cavenaugh worked as al
engineer with various city ant
private agencies in the New
York area.
After retirement he lived will
his wife in Elmont, N. Y.
Besides his wife Helen, h
Evening star., 1962-03-31

leaves a brother, Col. Robert
LaT. Cavenaugh, USA, of Fort
Meade, and three sons, Harry
A.. of Morgan City. La; AL
len D., of East Orange, N. j.,
and Capt. Michael F., of Seoul,
Korea. He also leaves three
grandchildren.
Memorial services will be at
$3.50 pm. Monday at the Fort
Meade Post Chapel. Burial will
be private.
Evening star., 1962-03-31
Stores Repeater
Customer jailed

George E. billiards. fondness
for his neighborhood delicates-
sen drew him a 360-day Jail
sentence yesterday from Mu-
nlclpal Court Judge John J.
Malloy.
On February %, billiard, %
of the 200 block of Eleventh
street Sc, pleaded guilty and
received a suspended 60-day
sentence on a charge of break
ing into Sans Delicatessen,
1923 East Capitol street.
Early yesterday he broke into
the same store again, was
caught again and pleaded
guilty again. Eleventh Precinct
PvtS. Robert L. Carter and
Edwin F. Goodall said they saw
him drop from a window and
flee with nine packs of cigarct-
tes, a pack of playing cards and
ST.
Captured after a two-block
chase, billiard told the police
men he was desperate for
money for his wife and chill
dren.
Evening star., 1962-03-31
Morris Yormuck, Native
Of Russia, Pharmacist

Morris H. Yarmack, 81, a
Washington pharmacist for 20
years, Uied Thursday at Doc
tors Hospital after a long ILL
ness.
He had owned drug stores in
CatonSville, Md, and in South
east Washington, and had
worked for many drug firms in
the Washington area.
Mr.. Yarmack was born in
Russia. His family came to
this country while he wa S
young and settled in Baltimore.
He received his pharmacy de-
gree from the University of
Maryland Pharmacy School in
Baltimore.
An active member of Alpha
Zeta Omega, pharmaceutical
fraternity, he was three times
president of it's local Pi chap
ter, and had served as treas
urer and valerum of the ma
tional organization. In 1861 the
fraternity arded him a
plaque for his long service to
the group.
He leaves his wife, Pearl L.
Yarmack of the home address
1881 Fort Stevens drive NV,
and two sisters, Mrs. Samuel
Evening star., 1962-03-31
Assured Existence
2 Escopees, Plus Girl,
Back in La Plata Jail

The two prisoners who fled
from the La Plata (Md.D jail
early yesterday and the 49,
year-old Washington girl who is
said to have helped them were
back in custody there today.
They were caught in the
2200 block of Decatur place
NV, near Dupont Circle,
shortly after 4 am. yesterday,
less than two hours after the
jailbreak.
Charles County Sheriff Fran
els c. Garner and one of his
deputies came to Washington
later and took the three in tow
after they agreed to waive ex-
tradition to return to La Plata
and fact prosecution.
The prisoners, Beverly Lynn
Stovall, %, of the 14O0 block
of Euclid street NV, and Rob-
ert Lee Walden, 20, formerly
of Indian Head, Md, but living
in the District for the past year,
were charged with escape,
Sheriff Garner said.
$4,000 Bond
Priscilla Sue jenkins, 18, of
the 100 block of w street Sc,
described by Sheriff Garner as
StovalPS sweetheart" vas
jailed on a charge of aiding
and abetting the escape.
The girl, who police said was
driving a car stolen earlier
from a Silver Hills CMd.) res
taurant, was held under $4,000
Evening star., 1962-03-31
Mrs. Shelton,
II, Arlington
Resident Since 50

Mrs. Elizabeth Shelton, an
Arlington resident for 10 years,
died yesterday at Arlington
Hospital after a short illness,
She was II.
Mrs. Shelton was the widow
OF John Calvin Shelton, who
was employed by a manufac-
turing concern in Decatur, ILL.,,
prior to his death in 1886.
Born in Roslasin, Germany,
she came to the United States
at the age of 8. She lived in
Decatur and in Raleigh, N. c.,
before coming to Arlington in
1852.
Mrs. Shelton was a member
of First Baptist Church of
Clarendon and the Woman's
Auxiliary of the Arlington
County Hospital Association.
She lived with her daughter at
909 North Edgwood street.
Services will be at 2 pm. to-
morrow at the Airing to n
Funeral Home, 1901 North
Fairfax drive, Arlington.
Evening star., 1962-03-31
Leslie D. MeoseII , Jr., 40,
Bethesda Realty Man

Leslie D. Measell, jr,, 40. a
Bethesda real estate man and
a resident of the Washington
area for 80 years, died Wednes-
day of cancer at Suburban
Hospital.
A native of Norfolk, Va, and
IA World War II veteran, Mr.
Measell had been associated
with Frank Phillips Realtors in
Bethesda for five years. Prior
to that he had worked fol
other real estate firms.
Mr.. Measell, a graduate o1
Wilson High School, attended
Columbia Technical Institute
and entered the Army in 1912
serving in Europe as a corporal
| Mr.. Measell was a member ot
Wesley Methodist Church ane
sang in its choir.
He leaves his wife, Jean, o1