davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
VIVA Drivers
Picket Again
New Dispute Rises
After Settlement

The week long strike of
drivers and mechanics against
VIVA Transit Co. was settled
yesterday morning--but within
q few hours the settlement
came apart and pickets were
put back on the streets.
The new dispute arose over
the timing of the return to
work by the union members.
Woodrow w. Miller, presi-
dent of the company, which
serves Prince Georges County,
Md, said after the morning
session that the mechanics and
drivers would be called back to
work as they can be used. Many
of the buses will have to be
checked by mechanics before
they can be put back on the
road, he said.
The company had intended
to start calling men back to-
morrow although some would
not be recalled to work until
later in the week, he said.
Late yesterday union nego-
tiators, declaring that the COM
pany's position on the return
to-work question amounted to
a breach Of faith" called a
special meeting of union men,
bers to be held at noon today.
The employees will meet at
the union headquarters, 1901
Marlboro pike, Forestville.
Union Charges Reneging
Union leaders said the tim
ing Of the call-back appeared
to be an attempt to avoid pay
ing workers double time for
work on Christmas day.
1--WE consider the company
has reneged on its Offer" said
John j. McBurney. counsel for
Local 284 Of the Transport
Workers Union.
Mr.. Miller said there was no
question about holiday pay.
Those who work on Christmas
will get double time, he said.
The contract. approved by a
52-7 union vote yesterday
morning, was to be put in writ
ing by attorneys for the union
and the company, Mr.. Miller
said, and then brought to him
See BUS, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Investigation
Arrests Tested
; Students Sue
For SIG Million
By JOHN BARRON
star Staff Writer

Three students yesterday
filed what is believed to be the
first suit directly challenging
the legality of arrests for "in-
vestigation" in the District.
Charging that they were ar
rested Illegally. they demanded
$2.6 million in compensation
from the District Commission
erS and eight Washington po-
licemen.
They hope the action ulti-
mately will produce a court
edict prohibiting the police
practice Of OBTAINING suspects
for indefinite periods without
charging them.
The suit was brought by
Arthur c. CASTOR, "a, and Bob
by B. Stafford, %, both of
whom attend the Howard Uni
versity law school, and by Miss
Walretta Odom, 20, who is
studying nursing at Freedmen's
Hospital.
They are represented by three
Howard law professors, Herbert
o. Reid, Arthur D. Woods and
Jeanus B. Parks.
Taken 20 Station
According to the attorneys
police halted the students as
they emerged from an apart
ment in the 1900 block of Four
tenth street NV. early last
Sunday night.
They were detained on the
street about half an hour until
a police wagon arrived to take
them to the Second Precinct
station, where they we're kept
an hour.
The students assert that dur
ling this time they were held
incommunicado, not permitted
to call friends or an attorney,
not allowed to post bond and
not informed Of any charges
against them.
1t. owen w. Davis Of the
Second Precinct said that about
7 pm. last Sunday q bus driver
was assaulted near the Four
teenth street apartment and
that first reports suggested that
See ARREST. Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Soviets Drop Zorin.
As U.N. Delegate;
Cuba Hinted Cause
'Hurd-Liner'
Replaced by
Expert on East

MOSCOW, Sunday, Dec. %
(AP).-Valerian A. Zorin, vet
eran hard-line Russian nego-
tiator apparently tripped UP
by the Kremlin's soft-line
switch in the Cuban crisis, was
removed today as Soviet dele
gate to the United Nations.
Nikolai T. Fedorenko, until
recently Ambassador to Japan,
was named his successor, Tass
reported.
In announcing the change,
Tass mentioned no new assign
ment for Mr.. Zorin and left
unclear whether Mr.. Zorin's
rank as a deputy foreign min
lister was affected. When a
senior Soviet official loses his
rank, this normally is made
clear. Co..
U. N. Delegates Surprised
(Newsmen's inquiries at So
Wet U. N. delegation head
quarters in New York brought
only expressions Of surprise.
Callers were told no official
word Of the change had been
received.
(Mr. zorin was at the dele
cations country house in Glen
Cove on Long Island. U. N. ac-
ouaintances Of Mr.. Zorin sug-
gested health might be a factor
in the change. They said he
was tired and seemed some
what insure of himself at a
news conference yesterday re-
viewing the U. N. General As
sembly SESSION.
The Tass announcement said:
THE USSR Council of
Ministers has appointed Niko-
lai Fedorenko as Soviet perma-
nent representative at the u. N.
and the USSR's representative
in the U. N. Security Council.
"USSR Deputy Foreign Min
lister Valerian Zorin, who had
held these posts, Is relieved of
his duties"
Mr.. Fedorenko. so, is a Far
Eastern affairs expert who also
has served in the Soviet En-
bassy in Peking.
Cuban Crisis Blamed
The standing of the Cougar
old zorin apparently suffered
because Of the Cuban crisis.
In the United Nations, he
fatty denied United States
charges in October that So
Wet missile bases were being
built in Cuba, only to have
Premier Khrushchev admit
their existence shortly after
ward. -
Mr.. Zorin also was over
Swallowed in the negotiations
that followed in the United
Nations. The Soviet Union
sent First Deputy Foreign Min
lister VASTLY v. Kuznetsov,
known among Westerners as
more Of a soft-line diplomat.
First Deputy Premier Anastas
I. Mikoyan also took part in
See ZORN, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

It's air force to submarines and
to link this deterrent with the
North Atlantic Treaty Organ
ization brought criticism from
every side.
In Paris, there were indica-
tons Of considerable interest as
President De Gaulle began a
study Of the American offer to
provide Polaris missile carriers
for Frances embryonic nuclear
strike force.
In Moscow, meanwhile, the
Soviet government organ lives
tia called President Kennedy's
offer Of Polaris missiles to Eng
land and France a pretext for
turning NATO into the fourth
atomic power.
Papers Hit Macmillan
Among the toughest critics
of the Nassau agreement here
we're newspapers which nor
mally support the Conservative
government. They saw the
Macmillan Kennedy agreement
as the end of Britain's nuclear
independence and of its special
position as first Of the equals
among Americas allies.
Nor were ruffled feelings
soothed by news that the Sky
bolt missile, which Britain had
hoped would extend her air.
borne deterrent into the 1905,
had been successfully fired at
Cape Canaveral. The firing
came less than "a hours after
Mr.. Macmillan agreed with
President Kennedy that Sky
bolt would be both too costly
and ineffective and accepted
instead an eventual supply of
Polaris missiles to be mounted
in British-built submarines.
Officially the British Defense
Ministry is quite happy" with
the Polaris deal and was max
ing little comment on the new
Skybolt test success. A spokes-
man said only that the Ameri-
can authorities quite rightly
cancelled the project on the
evidence which they had"
But Moscow. was quick to
comment on the successful Sky
See LONDON, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
SkyboIt Test
Called Success
Scrupping Seen
Despite BuIIseYe

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla.
Dec. % (AP).-The controver-
sial Skybolt air launched missile
scored its first success in six
test launchings today, but
White House and Pentagon Of
ficialS indicated the flight
would not alter the United
States intention to abandon
the weapon.
However, the good flight al
most certainly will intensity the
controversy over the weapon
in both London and Washing
ton.
Prime Minister Macmillan is
being assailed from all political
corners for agreeing with Pres
ident Kennedy to take United
States Polaris missiles in place
Of Skybolts.
Hits Target $50 Miles Away
And there have been con-
tinuing indications that many
members Of Congress are I'M
happy over Mr.. Kennedy's de-
cision to stop the Skybolt pro-
gram.
A B-52 Stratofortress bomber
unleashed the sleek Skybolt to-
day while racing more than
seven miles above the Atlantic
Ocean about is miles southeast
of Cape Canaveral.
The rocket sped to a target
area $50 miles down range,
landing within one mile from
the center of the target area.
Project officials proclaimed
the success "a wonderful
Christmas present" They ex-
pressed hope that perhaps the
See SKYBOLT, Page A-4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Soviet ExpIodes
Arctic Atomic Test
BY the Associated Press

The Atomic Energy Commits
sion announced yesterday the
Soviet Union detonated another
atmospheric nuclear blast In
the Arctic, the seth reported
by the Acc In the current test
series.
The Acc said the force of
the explosion was in the inter-
mediate range, meaning it was
the equivalent Of between 1000
and a million tons OF TINT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
PopeAppeoIs
For Peucein
YuIe Address

VATICAN CITY, Dec. %
(AP). - Pope John XIII
called for prayer and dedica-
ton on behalf Of peace and
Christian unity in a Christmas
message to the world tonight.
1t was perhaps the most dra-
matte of the five Christmas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23


young Cubans who have sur
vived Castro's Russian guns and
prisons. Miami'S nearly 200,-
900 Cuban exiles are in a
mounting ecStacy Of excitement
at the prospect of seeing their
beloved "muchachos."
A State Department official
here tonight said the first Pan
American Anyways plane would
leave for Havana at S am. to-
morrow, loaded with Sonfe of
the food and drugs that will
make UP the ransom for the
captives.
Two more planes were to
leave from here at 6 and $3.50
am. to begin the airlift shuttle
that will continue until all Of
the prisoners have been re-
turned. The first of the two
shuttle planes is expected bach
in Miami about $3.50 am. to-
morrow.
Mr.. Castro has signed al
agreement with Attorney james
B. Donovan, negotiator for thu
Cuban Families Committee
consenting to realease the pris-
oners in exchange for an esti-
mated $50 million in medical
SUPPLIES and foods.
Ship Sails
At Port Everglades, Fla, the
SIS. African Pilot, bearing the
internationally known symbol
of mercy - the Red Cross
sailed for Havana at Gal
tonight, loaded with about
$ll million of medicine and
food.
Steaming at 1914 knots, the
460-foot freighter was expected
to arrive in Havana in IA hours.
Security was tightene d
around the ship this afternoon
after a Miami businessman,
Douglas r. Voorhees,, protested
shipment of the goods to Cuba
and attempted to throw a box
lof medicine into the harbor.
Donovan Signs First
Mr.. Donovan, who also nego-
tiated the exchange with the
Russians Of U-2 pilot Francis
Gary Powers for Soviet spy
Rudolf Abel, told the committee
by telephone from Havana that
he signed the pact first. Then
Mr.. Castro took the documents
away with him and held them
for several hours before signing
them, Mr.. Donovan reported.
Twice before, in August and
again October, Mr.. Castro
seemed on the verge Of agree
ing to exchange the prisoners
and then broke off the talks.
This time it seemed TO be only
a question of whether the re-
lease would occur tomorrow or
Monday.
Havana radio said fatty to-
day the release would not take
place until Monday, but specu-
See PRISONERS, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

Miriam Gutenberg. The Stars
Pulitzer Prize winning re-
porter, in todoy's instOIIment
OF her book THE Federal
Iwestigotors." tells how
orange juice became in
volved in O Federal crime.
See Page ALP
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

British Foee Atomic Foets. Page AIS
lxvsstio Reps U. S. for POloris Role
in NATO. AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

Detective thrillers ore no
match for the high-pitehed
drama thot's part Of q
Federal agents job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Critics Blast
Macmillan on
POIaris Deal
Nassau Decision
Under Attack by
Both Right, Left

LONDON, Dec. 20 (AP). -
Prime Minister Macmilia n
comes back from the Carib-
bean sunshine tomorrow to face
the fight Of his life before a
nation disturbed and divided
about his nuclear new deal
With President Kennedy.
Mr.. Macmillan's decision to
switch Britain's, H-bombs from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Today's Star

Also Sunday. The Stor Moeo.
zine; This Week Mosozine, Tv
Mosozins, and color comics sec
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
AirIift Is SET
To Bring Back
1,113Captives
First Arrivals
Due in Miumi
This Morning
BY JERRY OLEARY, JR.
Star Staff Writer

MIAMI, Dec. 22.-The Gu
bans who staged the hopeless
invasion of the Bay of Pigs 20
months ago were to begin re-
turning to freedom tomorrow.
Everything is ready for the
arrival here of the lib
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

Text Of Pope's Message. Poss ca
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Weather Forecast

District and vicinity-Variable cloudiness
and windy today, highest near 49, Clear
and turning colder tonight. Fair and cold
tomorrow.
Full Report On Pose ca
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18
Edith Metzper. Cleveland.

Edith Metzger, Cleveland
Wednesday afternoon visitors of
Mr. and Mrs Richard Thomas and
Bert Griffith and son were Mrs.
Deleon Rush, Accident, and Mrs
Myrtle Frazee, Oakland. Sunday
visitors were Mr. and Mrs. Curtis
Griffith, Barton.
Miss Phyllis Glass, Cumberland,
spent the weekend with her par
ents, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Glass.
Other Sunday dinner and supper
guests we're John O'Hern and Mrs.
Regina Rogers, UniontoWn Mr..
and Mrs. Jack O'Hern and family,
| McKecsport: Mr. and Mrs Clar-
encc Glass and Miss Cora Kolb, Ac-
/ cident: Mr. and Mrs Stewart Mos
err, State Line: Mr. and Mrs. George
Hetz, Mrs Vernon Reichenbecher
and sons and Kenneth Smith.
Saturday afternoon visitors of
Mr.. and Mrs. Woodrow Friend and
family were Mr. and Mrs. Harold
Jenkins
Wednesday supper guests of Mr..
and Mrs. Vernon Richter and fami-
ly we're Mr.. and Mrs Reed Rich
ter, Cleveland; Tom Uphole, of
Friendsvillc; MIR. and Mrs. Walter
Richter and daughters.
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Kahl, Balti-
more; Mr. and Mrs Lewis Hartman
and Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Thomas
/ we're Saturday evening visitors of
Mr.. and Mrs John Kahl. Accident.
Mr.. and Mrs. Reed Richter, of
Cleveland, who were married on
September %. we're given an old
fashioned serenade on Thursday
evening There we're approximately
IS neighbors and friends in at
tendance.
Tuesday dinner and supper
guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Har-
man were Mr. and Mrs Mckinley
Joiner. Barberton, o.: Mrs. Rather
inc FraZee. UniontoWn; and Mr..
and Mrs William Hanft. Other eve
ming visitors we're Mr.. and Mrs.
Harold Hartman. Thursday visitors
we're Mr.. and Mrs. Vernon Ollie,
Gibsonia: Mrs Dorothy EichClberg-
er, Butler, Pa Mrs. Pearl Fail
niger, Washington, Pa. and Mr.
and Mrs. Mclchoir KOlb, Accident
Miss Carrie Dull, Harnedsville,
returned home on Saturday, after
spending a week with MIR and Mrs.
Everett McClintock and family
Sunday afternoon visitors we're Mr..
and Mrs Luther McClintock. Mon
day evening visitors were Mrs.
Ralph BOwser. Max BoWser and
daughter and friend, Betty Friday
afternoon visitors we're Mrs. Glenn
Frazee, Mt Lake Park, and Mrs.
Glenn Kolbfleisch and son. Sunday
evening visitors were Joe, Ray
and Doris Gatterman and Ronald
Richter.
Mr.. and Mrs. MahlOn Brown were
Friday visitors of Mrs. Ella En-
rick, Hyndman, Pa.
Several families enjoyed a pic
mic dinner at New Germany on Sat
urday to celebrate their wedding
anniversaries. Celebrating ami
versaries this week were Mr.. and
Mrs. Norman Bender, Springs; Mr..
and Mrs. EnoS Maust, Meycrsdalc;
Mr.. and Mrs. Hugh Orcndorf, Bit
niger: MIR. and Mrs Raymond Ben
der, and Mr.. and Mrs. Oren Ben
der.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18

Mr.. and Mrs. Reed Richter, of
ter Richter and daughters were Wis
itors of Mr.. and Mrs. Owen Bach
and family, Accident, on Saturday.
Owen returned home from the
Somerset hospital. one day last
week. and is improving. Earl Hanft
visited them on Monday.
Mrs. Henry Glass and Mrs YER
non Reichenbecher we're Tuesday
evening visitors of Mrs. Erman
Frazce, Addison.
Charles Oester and Rev Arthur
Bicker attended the fall meeting of
the South Pittsburgh Circuit of the
Eastern District on Sunday after
noon at Christ Lutheran church,
Forest Hills, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Friday evening visitors of Mr.
and Mrs. George Hetz were Mr.
and Mrs. John HetZ. Mill Run. and
Mr. and Mrs. Smith, Pittsburgh.
Mr.. and Mrs. Vernon Richter and
family were Sunday dinner guests
of Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Richter
and family Friendsville.
Saturday visitors of Mr.. and Mrs
Mahlon Brown were Mr.. and Mrs.
G.. j. Ferguson. McIIenry
Earl Hanft spent Friday with Mr.
and Mrs. Joe Collier and Mr.. and
Mrs Wayne Collier and daughter
Mrs Henry Glass spent Monday
with Mr.. and Mrs. Clark Kolb and
family and Mrs. Cora Kolb, Acct
dent
Mr. and Mrs. Reed Richter have
returned to Cleveland, O., after
spending two weeks here with his
parents Mr. and Mrs. Walter Rich
ter and daughter, Mr.. and Mrs.
Emerson Frazee and daughters. of
Oakland. are spending this week
with her parents. the Richters.
St Johns Lutheran Ladies Aid
society met on Wednesday evening
at the home of Mrs. Donald Ringer
The November meeting will be
held at the home of Mrs. F. E.
Smith.
Mr. and Mrs. Oren Bender and
family, Mr. and Mrs. Walter Hanft
and family and Miss Marlene Ben
der attended the Glade Mennonite
church, near Bittinger, on Sunday
evening to hear program of
music by the mixed chorus from
the Maple Glen Conservative Men
monte church, Grantsville Miss
Marlene Bender and Oren Bender,
both sang in the chorus.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18

Mrs. Arthur Richter and daughter,
F'riendsville. Wednesday afternoon
visitors were Mr.. and Mrs. Mel
choir Kolb, Accident; Mrs. Walter
Failinger, Washington, Pa: and
Mrs. Vernon Ollie, Pittsburgh.
Thursday afternoon visitors were
Mr.. and Mrs. Eugene Bernard, Adj
Olson, and Mr. and Mrs Scott Duck
worth Sunday afternoon visitors
were Mrs. Richard Bernard and
children, Swanton; Mrs. Charles
Ringer and Mr.. and Mrs. Earl Ault.
Accident. Mr. and Mrs. Vernon
Richter were evening visitors.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Hieber and
family returned to their home in
Detroit, Mich, on Monday, after
spending week with her parents,
Rev. and Mrs. Arthur Bicker and
son. Spending this week with the
Bickers are Misses Grace and
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18
Named To Con- mittee

Several American Legion men,
bers from this county were named
on committees for Mountain Dis
trict. as announced by Fillmore
F. Fleming, district commander.
They included: George Codding-
ton. post II, Oakland, as aide to
the Department commander; Ward
Ashby No. II, Garrett county COM
mandcr;
Jonas Mckenzie, PA, Grantsville,
child welfare; Albert Bucket, Post
pa. Grantsville, legislative.
Rev. William f. Carlson. post
POS, Accident, Back to God; Charles
Bender, Post PA. Grantsvillc; and
James Helbig, Post II, Oakland,
Boys State.
Ted Stockslager. Post II, Oak
land Amcricanism
Melvin BOwscr. Post 208, Acct
dent, community bettcrmcnt;
Daniel Hershbergcr, Post PA,
Grantsvil,c; and Earl Haenftling,
post 2O8, Accident, rehabilitation.
Subscribe to The Republican.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18
COVE

Weekend guests of Mr.. and Mrs
Lewis Hartman were Mr.. and Mrs.
Paul Kahl, Baltimore. Other Sun
day dinner guests we're Mr.. and
Mrs John Friend, Grantsville. AT
ternoon visitors were Mr.. and Mrs.
Jimmy Evans, Morgantown.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Resi- and
daughter spent the weekend with
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Keiger and
daughters and Miss Audrey Resi-,
Arlington, Va. They were also
sightseeing in Washington, d. c.,
and visited friends.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Richter,
both returned home from the Som
erset hospital, last Monday. Tues
day evening visitors were Mr.. and
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18

Savage joined the club. Ray Van
Sickle volunteered as Handyman
project leader giving boys the priv
ilege of using his workshop Lois
Thomas furnished refreshments.
The November 2 meeting will be
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18

urer, succeeding Dale Umbel.
Project books and ribbons were
returned by Wendell Umbel and
Clifford VanSickle, leaders. New
project cards were given out. to be
completed by November 2. James
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18
Asher Glade Club Meets

The Asher Glade Boys and Girls
All club met October 3 at the
Community building with 10 pres
ent. Linda Thomas took over for
the new year as secretary-treas-
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18

Senator Dirksen claimed the
true record of Kennedy admins
tration in past session Of Congress
was big talk and small action"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1962-10-18

held at the Community building.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-23
Metal Plant Managers
See Record 1868 Sales

CLEVELAND, Nov. % (AP)
Steel magazine asked $500
Woodworking managers their
opinion of 1868 prospects for
their business. The consensus
is for a record STA billion in
sales, up 5 per cent from this
year.
But profits will increase only
90 per cent, the average metal
working manager responding to
the survey believes. He thinks
the profit pinch will be the
industry's big problem in the
coming year.
Price-fighting, which was
voted the top problem for 1862
in last years survey. is re-
garded as the major 1868 prob
lem by only 20 per cent of those
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-23
TALKING OF BUSINESS
Dimes Growing Scarce Here,
Part of U. S. Coin Shortage

lists, parking meters, and even
schools hot lunch programs.
Even though the Mint makes
IS tons of pennies a day and
% tons of nickels, the shortage
still has developed. In fiscal
1862, Mint production jumped
to 3,461 100000 pieces.
Congress approved an extra
100000 TO raise the output IN
1868 to 3.8 billion pieces, but the
session closed before the bill
was passed.
New increases in funds for
fiscal 1864 will be included in
the MINIS requests when Con-
gress returns in January.
One of the biggest consumers
of coins are the large suburban
shopping centers springing up
all over the country.
These centers must meet
heavy coin needs, with many
vending machines and other
mechanical COIN collecting CAD
gets set up.
Some large chain stores have
anticipated the shortage to such
an extent that they have de-
signed a kind of scrip for use
when cashiers run out of coins.
The amount of change due
is written on the scrip and is
'redeemable in currency or mer-
chandise. Many of these same
retailers, however, began hoard
ing coins long before the holi-
day season, thus contributing
to the very shortage about
which they complain.