davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
New Western Alignment

At their Nassau talks last week,
President Kennedy and Prime
Minister Macmillan agreed on a
plan leading to a muIti-lateraI
NATO nuclear force. AS part Of
the arrangement, the United
States will supply Great Britain
with POlaris missiles.
Most Britons would have pre-
ferred some SkyboltS in their
Christmas stockings this year, in
stead of the promise of Polaris
missiles by President Kennedy.
And the holiday season would
be brighter, too, if Charles de
Gaulle had given Prime Minister
Macmillan a key to the Common
Market CLUB" instead of a promise
to keep thinking about it.
But, as many Britons are find
ing out, England has become a
cousin short on finances in the
Western family. The United States
has a special and historic affec-
ton for its EngliSh-speaking rela-
tive, but our policy of discouraging
other countries from possessing
an independent force of nuclear
arms was meant for Britain as
well as France.
Britain also has old friends
and relatives-on the Continent.
but their membership in the Com
mon Market Club has caused them
to stall at admitting their once
naughty island friends. These re-
bluffs have not been accepted with
equanimity by large sectors of the
public who remember when
Britain ruled the seas.
In recent years, Mr.. Macmillan
has been making year-end visits
to North America and to Paris.
His trip this year took on special
urgency as a result of crucial
developments.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

the condition that Britain use
them as part of a NATO force.
The United States said she would
devote part of it's forces into the
same multi-lateral group.
This multi-lateral force has
been sought by Washington as
an answer to Europe's demands
for its own nuclear deterrent.
Clearly, the multi-lateral NATO
command will only be effective If
France, now a budding nuclear
power, agrees to put its nuclear
eggs into the same basket. Other
wise there would be a profusion
Of independent forces, making a
concerted policy more difficult.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y. -
One of the best Christmas presents
diplomats could give the world this
year or any year - would be
a genuine easing Of East West
tension,
Until Cuba, there was little rea-
sonable basis for hoping such q
detente was on the horizon. Now,
however. a number Of signs are
beginning to point in that direc-
ton.
At least, circumstances are
emerging which make a detente a
real possibility, and the subject
was high on the agenda OF Presi-
dent Kennedy and Prime Minister
Macmillan last week in Nassau.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Offer to De GouIIe

At the close of the conference,
Mr.. Kennedy sent a letter to Mr..
de Gaulle in which he offered
Polaris missiles to France on the
same terms as Mr.. Macmillan &C
cepted them for Britain. France
already has started a program Of
building nuclear submarines, and
If she could purchase them from
the United States, it would &C
celerate her program.
The main European objection
to the American plan is that the
United States will control the
production of the missiles. What
if Washington changes her mind
in the future? France does not
trust its future to anyone, and has
not been a very cooperative
member Of NATO. If France We
toes the plan, then England will
be left with the tremendous ex-
pense Of building the submarines
to carry the missiles. It is sure
to increase opposition to Mac
millan'S government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Political Angle

The negotiations with the Com
mon Market have been going quite
slowly. In recent weeks, many
British officials, previously favor
able to joining Europe, have been
speaking Of alternatives to the
Market" The impatience with the
Markets seemingly hard" terms
has led men like Maurice Mac
milan, the Prime Minister'S son,
to demand a decision soon.
With public opinion polls show
ing the Tories still on the short
end, Mr.. Macmillan badly needed
some announcement from Mr.. de
Gaulle, generally considered to be
the main force against "softening"
the markets terms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
The Out

There is a good chance, how
ever, that France will find the
American offer acceptable. This
is due to key provision of the
pact that states the Polaris mis-
siles may be used unilaterally by
a nation if its supreme national
interest" is at stake. This would
not make Frances force-or any
other country's force-dependent
completely on the decision of
NATO.
To show they were serious about
a multi-lateral force, Mr.. Mac
milan and Mr.. Kennedy said a
start would be made now by allo-
eating part of their bomber forces
to NATO. But, in fact, these
bombFS already are pledged to
Europe's defenSes. NATO, of
course, would have to devise an
effective command system for
pushing the button" something
it hasn't been able to do yet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Drowing by oseur Berger.

Mr.. Kennedy had long talks on
defense policy. Britain came to
the conference faced with the po-
litical necessity Of bringing some
thing home to a public angry with
the American decision to drop the
Skybolt.
Mr.. Kennedy told the British
that they could still have the Sky
bolt if they would share the multi
million-dollar cost of developing
it. This was turned down by Mr..
Macmillan. Then, the British were
offered a Hound Dog missile, a
50c-mile range guided missile that
could be attached to bombers.
This, too, was turned down.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Fronkness

The President was humble, as
when he conceded that the prob
lens of the presidency were more
difficult than he had imagined;
frank, in admitting that the Bay
Of Pigs operation was disaster;
realistic, in assessing the prospects
for his legislative program in the
new Congress-; sober, in emphaSiz-
ing the continuing danger of nu-
clear war, and proud, in pointing
to the great burden the American
people have borne for the last 20
years in defense of liberty.
Here, in capsule form, are Mr..
Kennedy's thoughts on some of
the principal topics discussed dur
ing the interview by the three
reporters:
CONGRESS-Co Controversial leg
iSlation will be closely contested
and much will depend upon the
House Rules Committee keeping
its 15-member total. Should it drop
back to IL, as it was before the
last Congress, "our whole pro-
gram, in my opinion, would be
emasculated."
(After last months congressional
elections, White House Spokesman
said they saw administration gains
in the House, although the Dem
ocrats lost two seats and the Re-
publicanS picked up four. But Mr..
Kennedy had this to say on Mon
day: I'VE are not in quite as
good shape as we were for the
last two years.
On the question Of the strength
Of Congress vis-a-vis the PreSi-
dent, Mr.. Kennedy declared:
Il think the Congress looks
more powerful sitting here than
1t did when I was there in the
Congress. But that is because
when you are in Congress you are
one of a hundred in the Senate
or one of ABS in the House. SO
that the power is so divided. But
from here look at the COL
lective power Of the Congress
and 1t is a substantial power"
THE STEEL CASE-A serious
situation would have developed If
II had not attempted with all my
influence to try to get a rollback
(of newly raised prices)." There
was a question of good faith be-
cause the unions took a modest,
non-inflationary settlement and
they would have felt that they
had been misled If pressure had
not been put on the companies
to keep their prices stable.
80 I have no regrets. The fact
Is. we were successful. There
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
THE NATIONAL SCENE
An Optimistic Report
On the Kennedy1962

President Kennedy on Monday
discussed his first two years in
the White House with a panel
Of three reporters over a Ma
tiOn-wide televisiOn broadcast.
The halfway mark in a Chief
Executives administration is a
convenient and popular place to
pause, look back, peer ahead and
review problems and prospects.
President Kennedy, having COM
pleted nearly two years in the
White House, last week paused
and reflected.
In giving an account of his
stewardship, Mr.. Kennedy re-
sorted to a form In which he is
adept: the conversation with a
small number Of interrogators
with millions listening in. This
time he met with reporter-repre-
Sentatives of the three major net
works, NBC, CHS and ABC, in
his White House office on Sunday
and taped more than 80 minutes
Of questions and answers. He Sc
lected an hours worth of what he
considered the best of the tapped
material and this was presented
by the networks on Monday night.
The questioning, for the most
part, was of broad nature. This
gave the President wide latitude to
be general or to be specific as he
shared his hopes and fears and
disclosed his thoughts on many
OF the days most important issues,
foreign and domestic.
Mr.. Kennedy spoke matter-of-
factly, impersonally and yet in a
manner which left the clear i'm
preston with his audience that
he was a maturing leader who
understood fully the grave respon-
sibilities of his office and was
equal to the task of discharging
them Skillfully.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Important Events

The two most important cir
cumstances are these:
/. The Soviet Union and the
West have q common interest In
curbing the rise Of Chinese Com
munist power and Moscow now
unquestionably knows II. Indeed,
the neutral world also has an i'm
portant interest In curbing Peking.
2. Limitations on Soviet power.
demonstrated in the Cuba crisis,
are such as TO make any major
gains at the Vests expense UNI
likely in the foreseeable future.
Moscow's interest thus is to con-
solidate, TO prevent a rollback -
and to avoid two-front struggle
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
1862.

chances for a true Atlantic COM
munity will be enhanced. Since
the Market will eventually evolve
into a political union, the negotia-
tons now, even though almost
completely devoted to economic
problems, hold crucial Importance
for the future development of the
West.
After the holidays, Britain re-
turns to Brussels for two vital
negotiating sessions, one in the
middle Of January, the other at
the end of the month. Led by the
very competent minister. Edward
Heath, Britain hopes to learn by
the end of the month whether or
not she will be accepted as a
member of the Market CLUB"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Sub Missiles

The Nassau Pact says that Mr..
Macmillan then approached the
President on the question of Po-
laris missiles, the solid-fuel bal
hstic missile, planned eventually
to travel $500 miles. Polaris mis-
siles are carried in submarines,
and are one Of the United States
most effective nuclear deterrents.
The United States agreed to
sell Polaris missiles-the nuclear
warheads and submarines, to be
supplied by the British-but on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Communique

The Macmillan Kennedy COM
munique on Friday in Nassau also
noted Britain's year-long struggle
TO join the Market. 1.-THE Presi-
dent reaffirmed the interest Of
the United States In an early and
successful outcome"
Washington, Of course. hopes
that with England in the Market,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
DEFENSE

Although France Yields power
over Britain's entry into the
market, she is still several years
behind Great Britain in nuclear
development. Mr.. de Gaulle has
set France on an expensive, long
range plan to develop her own nu-
clear strike force.
So far, France has received no
help from either the United States
or Great Britain, the two Western
nuclear powers. Washington's
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

shchev's address was meant as a
trial balloon. But diplomats here
would be surprised II some effort
were not made to find out.
There is another element In the
East-West picture which Is new.
President Kennedy showed in the
Cuba case that he was prepared,
under some circumstances, to deal
directly with the Soviet Union.
Bilateral contacts have long
been urged by Moscow. Soviet For
eign Minister Gromyko repeated
last week his governments desire
for them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Sensitive Allies

This kind OF thing has TO be
handled with circumspection, as
the NATO allies are extremely
sensitive even TO the appearance
OF being by-passed; but direct con-
facts, with the alliance kept in
formed, are by no means ruled out.
No quick. sensational improve
ment In the international climate
seems likely Western bargaining
power increases In proportion to
the intensity OF the Sino-Soyiet
quarrel; and so long as that quar-
rel seems to be getting worse, the
West will be strongly tempted TO
delay.
SO no one expects 10 find q
full-blown EaSt-West detente un-
der his Christmas tree this Tues
day. But next year, at this time.
II could be happening - and for
even that much hope, the world
has reason TO give thanks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23
Berlin Proposal

Mr.. Khrushchev followed with a
proposal for Berlin that has been
largely overlooked.
THE main ISSUE" he said. "is
the presence OF troops In West
Berlin, or rather the question OF
the strength Of these troops, the
flag under which they VIII operate,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-23

and the length of time they will
remain there.
"The Soviet government pro-
poses that the troops In west
Berlin should not represent NATO
countries, that the NATO flag In
West Berlin be replaced by the
United Nations flag. and that the
U. N. undertake definite interna-
tional commitments and functions
there"
u. N. Peoee Truee?'
This was not the most precise
proposition ever set forth, but It
appears TO move forward from the
previous Soviet position that small
NATo powers should occupy West
Berlin as a u. N. peace force.
Now Mr.. Khrushchev apparently
is willing that "the troops In West
Berlin" that is. presumably, the
existing occupation force : the
Americans, British, and French -
should play the role Of a u. N.
army. He proposes 10 negotiate,
not whether they should remain.
but their strength. their auspices.
and the duration Of their stay.
Except that this implies a dead
line for total withdrawal. II is not
sharply at variance with western
positions. Moreover, the suggestion
that the U. N. should undertake
definite international commit
ments and functions might cover
the kind Of access agency the West
has proposed.
Short Of exploratory talks, II Is
Of course impossible TO know
whether this passage in Mr.. ,Khru-
Evening star., 1962-05-16

secret police, 'VDzH-902 and
VTT804.
Echoing the sentiments of
American correspondents in the
Soviet Union, he reported that
it is very unpleasant to be
followed and watched"
He said the American agents
worked In pairs and that he
was generally followed by two
cars. He said he could see the
agents had special radios in
their pockets and also wore
earphones. He said that eight
separate cars followed him in
Seattle alone.
He said that In Tuskegee,
Ala, a Negro college professor
with whom he was talking be-
came frightened and shut I'D
when an FBI car drove up.
Diplomatic observers here
regarded the attack as an
answer to the charges which
Pierre Salinger, President Ken
nedy's press secretary, has been
making frankly here about the
difficulties under which Ameri-
can correspondents in Moscow
work.
Evening star., 1962-05-16
Shodowed in u. S.,
Izvestio Writer Soys

MOSCOW, May 16 (AP).-Ar
Izvestia correspondent asserted
yesterday that he was con-
stantly shadowed by the Amer.
ican Secret Service" during 9
recent tour of the United
States.
He told readers Of the Off
cial government newspaper that
the only time he and q travelling
companion were able to shake
off their shadows was at the
top Of the tower at The Seattle
World Fair.
Even then. Sergei Kondrashev
said, they were waiting at the
bottom.
He claimed that newspaper
reporters and television men in
Portland, Ore, had "close busi-
ness connections with the FBI'
because reporters met him at
the station although, he said,
their arrival time was not
known.
Mr.. Kondrashev said he was
constantly followed by secret
agents while visiting Los
Angeles and here are the car
numbers of the Los Angeles
Evening star., 1962-05-16

very general way" He added
quickly that the matter has
been more or less cleaned up"
Mr.. Grewe discounted re-
ports of a clash Of views be-
tween Bonn and Washington
over handling Berlin negotia-
tions. He said Mr.. Adenauer
had a satisfactory meeting
with United States AmbasSa-
dor Walter C. Dowling in Bonn
Monday.
Gen. LuciuS D. Clay, who as
Evening star., 1962-05-16

and stronger position" MILL
tarily and psychologically In
Berlin now than it has been
in the last eight months. !
Senator Sparkman said Gen.
Clay spoke of genuine fear in
West Germany that any form
of United States recognition of
Communist East Germany
would lead to a lessening of
American willingness to stand
up and fight for West Ger
many and West Berlin.
Evening star., 1962-05-16

Mr.. Kennedy's retiring special
representative in Berlin talked
with Mr.. Adenauer last week,
told the Senate Foreign Rela-
tons Committee yesterday
there are no irreconcilable diff
ferences with Mr.. Adenauer.
This report was relayed to
newsmen by Senator Spark
man, Democrat of Alabama,
the acting committee chair
man. He said Gen. Clay in
dicated the West is in a better
Evening star., 1962-05-16

morrow for about a weeks
stay in Bonn.
Mr.. Grewe declined to discuss
the letters contents.
He parried questions about
his own future, but said diff
ference between the United
States and West Germany on
their approach to a solution OF
the Berlin crisis have been
Evening star., 1962-05-16

magnified-and satisfactorily
settled.
There have been reports Mr..
Grewe may be transferred.
He told newSmen reports that
Mr.. Adenauer was miffed by
United States criticism of the
West German leak of new
Western proposals on Berlin
were discussed during his meet
ing with Mr. Kennedy 'in a
Evening star., 1962-05-16
SIkUkE UF GENIUS
land why gives you cleaner teeth and hea gum care

It may seem simple After ALL this new General
Electric Automatic Toothbrush does move back
and forth. The stroke Of genius comes from mov-
ing the scientifically designed brush only 3/16 of
inch, at high speed - something you can't do
brushing by hand.
That's why the General Electric Automatic Tooth
brush is better for your teeth and gums. It reaches
places you often miss by hand. 1t gives gums the
heathful care they seldom get by hand. Your whole
mouth feels tingIng clean. yet all you do is guide
the brush.
Evening star., 1962-05-16
Kennedy Gives Grewe
Message for Adenouer
By Ths Associated Pres,

President Kennedy has given West German Ambassador
Wilhelm Grewe letter deliver to Chancellor Adenauer
The contents not disclosed.
Mr. Grewe said he received the message from Mr. Ken
nedy during hafhour call the Chief Executive at the
White House late Yesterday Ambassador is leaving to-
Evening star., 1962-05-16

Three years Of research, working with leading
university dental schools, produced more than
buiIt,in brushing stroke. It's the reason the Gen.
eraI Electric Automatic Toothbrush is extremely
safe. The power comes from rechargeabIe bat
terry in the handle - not from an electrical cord
The battery is recharged - automatically and
safely - when you store the handle in its holder.
Sounds great, doesn't it? Thousands of dentists
think so. They've recommended the General EIec.
trio Automatic Toothbrush to thousands of their
patients. Help your family to better dental hygiene.
See it at your favorite retail store today.
Arizona sun., 1962-09-20
DR.. MorseII Addresses
International Forum

WASHINGTON. = DR.. John A.
Morsell of the NAACP addressed
the World Forum on the Treat
ment and Control of Veneral Di-
SeaSeS here.
His involvement in public health
studies prior to joining the ASSOcia-
tion'S national staff as assistant
to the executive secretary, led to
the personal invitation to DR.. Nor
sell.
Delegates attended the Forum
from more than 80 countries. II
was sponsored jointly by the Amer
can Social Health Association, the
American Veneral Disease Ass0-
citation, with the cooperation of
the World Health Organization and
the International Union Against
the Veneral Diseases and Trepone-
matOSeS.
In his prepared text, DR.. Nor
sell was sharply critical of racial
ly-biased views expressed earlier
this year by the new president of
the American Public Health AS
sociation, DR.. j. M. r. Norton,
State health director of North Ca
rOlina.
Arizona sun., 1962-09-20
NAACP Launches State
Wide Buying Campaign
In South Carolina

COLUMBIA, S. C. Local
branches and youth councils OF
the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
began a statewide selective buy
ing campaign August 13 aimed at
all S. H. Kress and F. w. Wool
worth stores in South Carolina. The
campaign, which will be conduct
ed in seven cities throughout the
state where these stores operate,
came as a result of unSuccesS-
full sit-in demonstrations held by
three NAACP youth councils iii
Spartanburg, S. C.
Thirteen NAACP branches and
youth councils in Spartanburg, S.
c.. in Charleston, Sumter, Orange
burg, Columbia, Spartanburg
campaign will take the form OF
direct action through sustained
picketing. A recently adopted ordi'
nance in Spartanburg is expected
to make picketing difficult. Simi
lar problems with the police may
be encountered in Sumter, Flor
ence and Greenville.
Arizona sun., 1962-09-20
NAACP Story
Selling

NEW YORK.-NAACP branches
across the nation report enthusias-
tic response LanAston ghGhes
Flight for Freedom: the Story OF
the NAACP," a paper back pocket
edition that sells for so cents.
The Delano, California, branch
said: "sold all our copies the same
day, didn't get a chance to keep
any for ourselves.
From MADEIRA, Calf, came the
response, I'VE think Fight for
Freedom is the best and should
be read by everyone. Meanwhile.
w. W. Law, president of the Sa-
vannah, Ca, branch received his
first copy and Immediately order
ed 500 more
The Emporia, Kans., branch
sold out our supply in 10 minute"
and the Philadelphia branch or
dered 5000 after an office secre-
tary sold $50 copies in a day and a
half.
The Montgomery County, Md.
branch ordered 1000 copies, and
so the story goes.
Arizona sun., 1962-09-20

NEW YORK = Jack Greenberg,
Director Counsel of the NAACP
Legal Defense Fund, announced
this week the addition of two new
attorneys to the Fund staff.
The new attorneys are Frank H.
Heffron, a 1862 graduate of the
Columbia Law School, and George
Smith, a 1862 graduate of the Yale
Law School. Norman Amaker, who
joined the staff in 1861, has also
returned from active duty with
the U. S. Army Reserves.
Mr.. Greenberg said that the adj
dition of the new attorneys expands
the Fund legal staff to nine. The
other members are Mrs. Constance
Baker Motley, Associate Counsel,
James M. Nabrit, III, Derrick Bell,