davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-12-15
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
Possible for Man to Live Under Sea-?
By THOMAS R. HENRY

Some day men may "live"
at the bottom Of the sea.
There is even talk Of un-
dersea farms.
There is so much specula-
ton about 1t. in fact, that
Navy doctors have carried out
various experiments on the
possibilities Of humans en-
during undersea environ
ments for protracted periods.
Some Of the results have
Just been reported to the
Armed Forces Institute of
Pathology by Capt. Gerald j.
Duffner, director of subma-
rine medicine Of the Navy's
Bureau Of Medicine and
Surgery.
OF practical significance,
he says, might be the ad-
vantages Of long stays at
considerable depths in carry
ing out research projects Of
various sorts. 1t would be
necessary, of course, for the
man in a diving suit or div
ing bell TO carry with him
an envelope Of air which
would undergo some changes
in the deep water environ
ment.
Test Findings
There would also, Capt.
Duffner points out. be con.
siderable and important
physiological changes in the
man himself.
Tests show, for example,
that a man would only par
TALLY 'utilize the oxygen
transport system IN his blood.
He would not need red blood
cells. Sufficient oxygen could
be dissolved In the blood
plasma TO obviate the need
OF hemoglobin. Any physical
effort at this pressure. how
ever. DR.. Duffner reports.
would cause convulsions
similar to epileptic fits.
Recent developments, DR..
Duffner says, have started
Navy doctors postulating on
the possibility Of men actual
ly residing on the sea bot
tom. Experiments In this line
already have led TO some
medical advances.
"Once one has entered the
undersea environment" he
reports, there are two fac
tors with which 10 be con-
cerned. First. the partial pres
sure OF oxygen in the air is
elevated and the air becomes
very thick or dense. II air
we're breathed at a depth OF
200 feet the oxygen partial
pressure would be about one
and one-half times that OF
the atmosphere above the sea.
When a respiratory mixture
contains more than so per-
cent oxygen for a period In
excess OF ~ hours, the
oxygen acts adversely on the
lungs, blood and other It's
Evening star., 1962-12-15

Every one loves a tax cut.
That goes for the individual,
business, labor a n d the poll
itician. With President Ken
nedy pledged to an early tax
reduction and tax reform leg
islation, and with both busi-
ness and labor strongly urg-
ing the tax cut particularly,
the pressure on the new Con-
gress for action will be enor-
nous. The problem created
by the fact that the Federal
Government is running. to-
day at a tremendous deficit
(Which may be greatly in
creased and extended by rea-
son Of reduced revenues due
to tax reduction) is one the
legislators should not and
cannot dodge. Nor will 1t be
lodged If the chairmen of
the powerful House Ways
and Means Committee and
the Senate Finance Commit
tee, Representative Wilbur
Mills Of Arkansas and SEN
ator Harry F. Byrd of Vir-
ginia, respectively, have their
way.
The proposed tax reduc-
tions are supposed to stimu-
late the economy of the
country, bringing about
greater capital investment in
productive plants, greater
spending power for the con-
sumers and greater employ
ment Of individual workers.
And through these opera
tions, greater revenue for the
Government. Congress can
reduce taxes and reform
those laws, closing loopholes
through which taxes are
evaded. But who has called,
can call or will call for ef-
fective measures to prevent
increased production costs,
increased prices and in
creased Government spend
ing? Even now, organized
labor Is fighting in many
directions for increased wages
and for sh orter working
hours. Prices have increased
in many directions, too, and
If labor costs go up, prices
will rise, too. President Ken
nedy apparently is ready to
ask OF Congress a whole
series Of So-called social pro-
grams and increased appro-
priations. The national debt
is around the $300-billion
mark and is going higher.
$11 Billion Tax Cut Plan
One Of the latest tax re-
duction proposals has Just
come from the Committee
for Economic Development,
made up of businessmen and
educators. 1t is a toothsome
morsel, but probably would
be resisted by organized la
Dor. 1t calls for a total of
$11 billion in tax reduction
benefits over a two-year pc
riod - $6 billion the first
year. 1868. All individual in
come tax rates would be re-
duced at least 8 per cent,
and the maximum rate, now
81 per cent, would be cut to
70 per cent. The corporate
income tax rate would be re-
duced from SO per cent to
Al per cent. Persons in the
lowest income bracket would
Evening star., 1962-12-15

sues. Death has been pro-
duced in animals by forcing
them to breathe 100 per cent
oxygen for prolonged periods
at ordinary atmospheric pres
sure. Therefore, If a man
wishes to live in the under
sea environment he must
have an artificial respiratory
mixture in which the per-
centage Of oxygen is adjusted
to what can be tolerated.
Thick Air Hard TO Breathe
"At a depth of 200 feet the
air would be approximately
seven times as dense as 1t is
at atmospheric pressure. This
thick air is difficult to
breathe. This increase in
respiratory resistance causes
a man to alter his breath
ing pattern which eventually
results In an accumulation of
carbon dioxide in the blood
and tissues. In ordinary air,
nitrogen serves as a dilutent
OF oxygen. In the undersea
environment we can solve the
resistance problem by using
a less dense gas, such as
helium or hydrogen.
while a man Is residing
In the undersea environment
nitrogen. helium or perhaps
hydrogen in the respiratory
mixture dissolves in the body
tissues. II he is suddenly re-
moved from this environ
ment, Intentionally or acci-
dentally. this gas will produce
Dupples IN the BODY. II Is
estimated that about 20
hours would be required for
a man TO return 10 the sur
face after prolonged residence
at 200 feet"
Navy experiments. DR..
Duffner reports. have result
ed as follows: -Four men
have remained at a depth OF
80 feet for IL hours, breath
ing ordinary air. Two men
have remained at so feet for
IL hours breathing a mix
ture Of helium and oxygen.
At a depth Of 300 feet a
diver gets drunk" from the
narcotic effect Of nitrogen In
the air.
Evening star., 1962-12-15
Answers to Questions
BY IHE HASKIN SERVICE

@. What is the Freedoms
Foundation2-D.S.
A. The Freedoms Founda-
ton at Valley Forge, Penn
sylvania is a non-partisan,
non political organization
which gives annual awards To
individuals and groups who
have made outstanding con-
tributions in the spirit Of the
American Constitution and
the Bill OF Rights and to-
ward an understanding OF
the American way OF life.
Evening star., 1962-12-15
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condensd-
ton. Those not used DiH be
returned only tnhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-12-15

foreign-aid attacks that could 60 to
dangerous extremes, Mr.. Kennedy has
done well to bring the Clay committee
into being. 1t can be real service to
the Nation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22

WeII-Sung SHOW Boot
Docks Here at rinity

Director Dom Murphy doing a
skillful job of handling the
heavy traffic on the stage and
in the aisles.
Leading the company are
Ronald Smith, a fine Captain
Andy; Metropolitan Policeman
George Bossard, in his thea
trical debut, singing "Ole Man
River" with show-stopping pow
err; and William WhelesS, who
makes You are Love-" surely
one of the sweetest of all Kern
melodies, a memorable expert
ence. Wheless plays Ravenal,
Ann Amanta-R eiter is his Mag
nolia and Jean-Ann Teal is the
tragic Julie.
One last note: it's the only
show in town about a boat
without a mutiny, if you will
remember.
BERNIE HARRISON
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22

Capt. Andy could have nearly
sailed his Cotton Blossom down
o street last night. but the
downpour didn't deter the
faithful from packing Trinity
Theater for one of the great
old ones, the Kern-Hammer-
stein-Ferber Show Boat"
Good actors and singers
being in scarce supply every
where, the American Light
Opera Company, wisely con-
centrated on the latter for its
ambitious season opener
C"Show Boat" will continue
until December 2, followed by
"Pajama Game" in February
and South Pacific" in May
and if the acting authority was
lacking, the company gave the
show the honest sentiment and
affection it deserves.
It's a solid production, with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22

something out of it," he says
as he rides friends around his
private track.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
Roll lobbyist Builds
Mun-Size Trains

HARLAN, KY. (AP). - Bill
Phelps, a retired repairman al
a coal mine, considers small
size model trains a waste OF
time. His model is u feet long
5 feet high and runs around q
40O-foot track in his yard.
Il figure as long as a man
puts in lot of spare time on
a hobby. he might as well get
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
THE EVENING STAR

Washington, D. c.
Thursday, November u, 1867
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
: i RfEASSsEdS5 MOVIES: e.: E
Films of More Than Routine Merit

ADVISE AND CONSENT"-Behind the political scenes in
Washington, through Otto Premingers camera.
Gel CID"-SOphia and Charlton HestOn in large
lavish, handsomely filmed adventure yarn.
THE MUSIC MAN'-Livey musical Americana, with IS
trOmbOnes, Robert Preston and Shirley Jones.
REAR WINDOW-James Stewart and Grace Kelly in a
superior Alfred Hitchcock suspense tale (reissued)
"THE VIKINGS"-Kirk Douglas watches the fjOrds by
in a Ions Iusty and cOOrfu Morse
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
Sears Low Price
G:}ss
NO MONEY DOWN

on Sears Easy Payment Plan
Q Use as a supplemental heating
unit in hard-to-heat rooms
Q Laboratory-tested. .. carries
year replacement guarantee
. Lightweight, easily moved, plugs
into any standard outlet
Hurry in while they last at the amazing
low price of $19.88. Booster element
sends full penetrating heat across floor
in just 2 seconds. Thermostat control
turns heater on and off automatically,
maintains desired room temperature.
Safety tip-Over switch turns heater off
if overturned. Easy to carry handle.
Finished in almond beige color II.
inches long, 1872 inches high and 534
inches deep.
Small Appliance Dept. Sears Stores
Evening star., 1962-05-01
NewOrIeuns Gets
Stoy on Schools

NEW ORLEANS. May 1
(AP).-United States District
Judge Frank B. Ellis today
granted . stay in the order to
desegregate the first six grades
in New Orleans public schools.
pending . hearing next Tues
day.
The New Orleans School
Board asked for next weeks
hearing. filing a motion for a
new trial on the decision Of
former District Judge J. Skelly
Wright. the man Judge Ellis
replaced on the bench.
Judge Ellis ruled today that:
/. His decision does not af-
feet the original desegregation
decision Of Judge Wright, issued
May is, 1860, q decision which
resulted in desegregation on q
modified, grade-a-year plan.
2. In granting the stay DUR
ing the period while he decides
on whether to open a new trial
on the ruling to desegregate
the entire elementary grade
system. he is. not indicating
what his disposition on the mo-
ton for g new trial win be.
Judge Ellis replaced Judge
Wright IN the United States Dis.
trict Court when Judge Wright
moved up to the appeals court
bench in Washington.
Evening star., 1962-05-01

Mr.. and Mrs. James Miscamp-
bell. jr. They are represented
by Attorney E. A. Pritchard.
District Changed
The plaintiff cited sectior
15-4SS Of the Code of Virgins
in urging the court to declarl
s'the office Of A. Claiborne Leigh
vacant as a result Of his hav'
ing removed from the magis'
terial district he was elected u
represent and that the motor
made by him to change ths
zoning is therefore q nullity."
Citizens in Mclean have beer
angry ever since the April II
re3oning which clears the way
for the first high rise apart
ment on either side Of the Po-
tomac, and have vowed to dc
everything possible to get IL
rescinded.
They are hopeful that even
II the suit achives nothing
else, 1t will deter lenders from
financing the proposed sic
million dollar project on the
estate now belonging to Hugh
d. Auchincloss, the father-tn-
law Of Mrs. Kennedy.
Evening star., 1962-05-01
u. 8. Policy hit
Stocks Decline
Sharply Again

NEW YORK. May 1 (AP)-
The Stock Exchange slipped
from early shaky footing and
followed four consecutive mar
ket days Of decline with an
other burst Of selling in heavy
trading today. -.
With no apparent news de-
velopments to account for the
dip, market observers attrib-
uted 1t to general fears, eroded
confidence In profit possihil!-
ties and uncertainty over Ken.
nedy administration attitudes
toward business. -.
Many key stocks lost two to
three points. "
Among the most dramatic de-
clines was International Busi-
ness Machines. which followed
yesterdays loss of $3.50 by
slipping another $i6 today To
$438 by early afternoon. 1t lat
er recovered somewhat. Utili-
ties bore the brunt of much
Of the heavy selling.
Evening star., 1962-05-01
200 Guests Flee
Hotel Fire Here

About 400 guests fled in night
clothing from the Manger Hay
Adams Hotel before dawn to-
day when fire broke out on
the third floor of the eight
story brick building at 800
Sixteenth street NV.
At $3.50 am. a night watch
man saw smoke pouring from
Room 3i2 and sounded an
alarm, which aroused occu-
pants Of the 181 rooms.
Within Is minutes after they
arrived. firemen had the blaze
under control.
Police Inspector Charles L.
Wright said the occupant Of
Room 312, Joel Huber, jr., a.,
o banker Of Villanova, Pa,
posted $50 collateral on q
charge of negligently starting
"a fire. He was out Of the room
when the fire started, Inspec-
tor Wright said.
Evening star., 1962-05-01
2U. S. Soldiers Recovered
From Wet Cong Coptors

SAIGON, South Wet Nam,
May (AP). - Two United
States Army enlisted men cap
tured April 8 by Communist
guerrillas were recovered today
by South Wet Namese govern
ment forces, tired but other
wise In good health" United
States officials reported.
The two men, Sergt. 1ic
Francis Quinn, Of Niagara Falls,
N. Y, and Sergt. George E.
Groom, Of st. Joseph, Mo-,
were rescued near the coastal
town of Da Nang, about 800
miles north of Saigon.
The spot where they were
rescued was not far from the
site of the engagement in which
the Wet Cong captured them
and killed two other American
soldiers.
Wet Namese authorities did
not disclose whether the two
were freed in q military opera
tion or turned loose by their
Wet Cong captors.
A United States helicopter
took them to q United States
Army special forces camp near
Da Nang.
Sergts. Quinn and Groom
were captured in q Wet Cong
attack in which Staff Sergt
Wayne z. Marchand of Platts-
mouth, Nebr.. and SI5 james
Gabriel Of Honolulu were killed
] All four men were assigned
Evening star., 1962-05-01
SoIineer Soviet Visit
Set for This Month

White House Press Secretary
Pierre Salinger announced to-
day that he expects to spend
four or five days in the Soviet
Union later this month at the
invitation of Alexei Adzhubei.
Soviet Premier Khrushchev's
son-in-law and editor of
Izvestia.
Mr.. Salinger said he would
confer with Mr.. Adzhubei. other
Soviet editors and Government
Officials ''on the subject Of con.
tinuing information exchanges
between the two countries"
He emphasized that he will
Evening star., 1962-05-01
Red May Day Parade.
Plays Down Military
BATTLE BLAREs ACROSS WALL
Berlin Loudspeokers Duel

BERLIN, May 1 (AP).-Ar
ear-splitting battle-30 West
Berlin loudspeakers against a
from East Berlin - blareo
across the wall today as Gen
Lucius D. Clay and Other
speakers addressed q West Ber-
lin May Day rally.
Communist loudSpeakers at
tempted to drown out the
words of Gen. Clay, President
Kennedy's personal representa-
tive in Berlin, as soon as he
began speaking to a crowd Of
about 100000 assembled only
800 yards from the Communist
wall.
The loudspeakers also at
tempted to disrupt the speeches
of President Heinrich Luebke
of West Germany and West
Berlin Mayor Willy Brandt.
West Berlin loudspeakers
rolled up to the wall and
started a counterattack with
the story Of an East German
army major who had detected
East Germans March
At one point there were six
West Berlin loudspeaker trucks
each with five loudspeakers
roaring back at seven East
Berlin trucks with six loud
speakers each.
Then the Communists brought
Evening star., 1962-05-01
Preventive Steps Taken

not conduct any diplomatic
negotiations or discuss major
East-West problems, but that
his talks will be limited strictly
to the information field.
He said there could be" dis
cussions about an exchange OF
television speeches by President
Kennedy and Premier Khru-
shchev although he had no ad.
vance indication that the Rus.
slams were ready yet to tan
about such a project.
This viii be Mr.. Salinger'i
first trip to Russia. Mr.
Adzhubei has visited the United
States several times during the
past year. Last fall he inter-
viewed President Kennedy and
the text was printed by
Izvestia.
Mr.. Salinger plans to leave
New York City Saturday night
by air for q visit to West Ger
many and the Netherlands be-
fore flying on to Moscow
May IL.
In Bonn, Mr.. Salinger win
take part in three days Of dis
cussions on information among
United States and West Ger
man officials.
Thomas c. Sorensen, deputy
director for policy and plans
of the United States Informa-
ton Agency. also will take part
in the Bonn meetings and ac-
company Mr.. Salinger to the
Soviet Union.
On May 10, Mr.. Salinger
will discuss international In
formation problems in a speech
to the Dutch Public Relations
Society in Amsterdam. He
plans to fly on q Soviet air.
line plane from Amsterdam to
Moscow.
Evening star., 1962-05-01

made the rezoning motion
which authorized the apart
ment. on the assertion that he
has moved from the Dranes-
vile district which he was
elected to represent and there
fore is no longer legally a mem
Der Of the governing body.
The suit lists Mr.. Leigh:
present address as apartment
523, Washington building, Ar
lington Towers apartments
Arlington.
ZOning Attacked
Arguing that the April Ia
rezoning should be ordered
rescinded, the suit further
charges that the action of the
supervisors was arbitrary, ca
PRECIOUS, illegal, and void be-
cause the action bore no sub
stantial relation to the public
health. safety. morals or well
fare of the community"
It also asks that the court
decree that any future re-
zoning of the property, which
was the girlhood home of JAG
queline Kennedy. be made only
by o vote Of six Of the seven
supervisors. At present only a
simple majority Is required.
The vote to rezone Merrywood
was 5 to 2.
The plea for court interven-
ton was made by Mr.. and Mrs.
John A. Bross, Mr.. and Mrs.
Walter T. Ridder, Mr.. and Mrs.
George Southall. Mr.. and Mrs,
Talbot w. Jenkins, Mr.. and
Mrs. Edward p. Morgan. Mr..
and Mrs. Michael L. Lejeune,
Mr.. and Mrs. James e. Hoyle,
Evening star., 1962-05-01
Group Backs
FDR Shrine
Congress OK Asked
On Disputed Design
BY ROBERT J. LEWIS
Star staff Writer

Construction of the contro-
versial Franklin D. Roosevelt
Memorial was recommended to
Congress today.
Reporting for the F. D. r.
memorial commission today,
Chairman Francis Biddle urged
Congress to approve the design
for eight huge tablets and di-
rect the commission to raise
constitution funds by public
Esuhscription.
Next step win be for Con.
gress 10 approve or disapprovs
the design. If 1t wishes to &c
ahead, 1t may provide working
funds so the commission can
carry on q fund-raising cam
paign.
Cost or the mem0rial--de-
signed to be. placed on q 261a-
acre site In West Potomac Park
lis estimated at $4,000, 900.
The commission is confident
the funds can be raised speedily.
Strong support from labor Or
carnations has been indicated.
Height Is 16S Feet
Besides the soaring vertical
elements. the highest Of which
would reach 16s feet. the me-
mortal would include q sculp-
tured bas relief of President
Roosevelt.
Concrete for the memorial
would be made of white quartz
aggregate, white cement and
white sand. and would have q
density greater than marble or
limestone.
There would be joints to
stain, or have repointed from
time to time, as would be re-
Quired in case stone were used,
Mr.. Biddle reported to Congress.
The strategically- placed Fine
Arts Commission, which has
taken a stand in opposition to
the memorials construction,
acknowledged it has qualities
See MEMORIAL, Page A-6
Evening star., 1962-05-01
BOAT RACERS
TUNE UP CRAFT

PoWERBoAT owners in the
Woshinstoa sree ore pFeperias
their boats for the opening Of Me
Ameriean Power Scot Assoeistioa
Region IS fueins ssosoa May 1911
OF G9ososviIIe, Nd. For infonma.
tioa On the new raeiag seases, see
the story on Psge A-z3.
STUDENTS must learn how 10
cope with faiIurs. For some edyies
On how to sdiust properly 10 ia
svitobls seodsmie setbaeks, see The
series by Leslie ]. Nsson. professor
Of sdueesiou st the University Of
Southern cslifornio, on Pegs Ais.
Have The Stor Delivered 10
Your Home Daily and Sunday
Diol Lincoln 5000 :.
Evening star., 1962-05-01
Doctor Trapped
NATo Exponds

OSLO, Norway. May / (AP)
The North Atlantic Treaty
Organizations new Baltic COM
mand headquarters at Karup in
Jutland, Denmark, win be acti-
waited July /, officials an
nounced. Lt. Gen. Tage AM
dersen Of Denmark will head
the command.
Evening star., 1962-05-01

here is what the attorney gem
eral viii do If Saturdays voting
does in fact shatter his dream
Of occupying the Governors
chair.
In an interview today. Mr.
Wilson said he planned no ac-
ton on the Estes case between
now and Saturday but woulC
return to it after the primary
! The attorney general is de.
See WILSON, Page Al
Evening star., 1962-05-01

lup four more trucks as rein
forcements.
During the noisy battle Of
ficials at the rally turned ur
the amplifiers so the speakers
could be heard.
BY looking around q screen,
those on the platform could see
East German soldiers and
marching units en- route to q
military parade at Marx-Engels
Platz at the eastern end of the
broad thoroughfare which con-
verges at the Brandenburg
Gate, near the site of the
Western rally.
Some 5000 goosestepping
East German soldiers paraded
with a display of vehicles and
war machines. which for the
first time included rockets. The
demonstration lasted about halt
an hour.
Preventive Steps Taken
Both sides took steps to pre-
vent anything more serious
than a propaganda battle over
the wall.
West Berlin police rolled out
a mile long ENHANCEMENT oi
barbed wire to prevent anyone
from approaching the wal
from their side near the rally
scene. Police quickly turned
Evening star., 1962-05-01

to train a group Of 81 Wet
Namese civil guardsmen in vii
lage self-defense techniques.
Survivors reported the group
had been bivouacked for the
night near q small town. An
estimated 100 Wet Cong quer-
rillas attacked the encamp-
ment.
Bodies Of the two dead Amer
leans were found some distance
from the site Of the attack
Evening star., 1962-05-01
Soviet Death PenoIty

MOSCOW, May 1 (AP).-A
court has ordered death by
shooting for a 23-year-old fac
tory worker. Nikolai Chabrov,
who was convicted Of rape. the
newspaper Izvestia reports. II
was the first reported death
sentence for rape since 1t was
made a capital offense In
February.
Evening star., 1962-05-01


all seriousness that MIR. Wilson.
a soft-voiced, balding, gray
eyed man OF 10, can light the
fuse on the biggest hunk Of
unexploded dynamite in this
State today.
He Is the chief investigator
in the Billie Sol Estes case
the man who has unveiled most
of what is publicly known at
this time about the operations
of the Pecos cotton. fertilizer
and finance magnate now
under Federal and State indict-
ment for fraud.
He also is q candidate In
Saturdays Democratic guber-
material primary.
Mr.. Wilson is not favored to
survive the primary and win
|a place in the runoff. The pop
ular picks to lead the SIX
man field are Gov. Price Dam
iel and former Secretary Of the
Navy John ConnalIy.
What intrigues the politicians