davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
Timely Intervention

1t is interesting to note that the
President is much encouraged" by the
plans being developed by the National
Capital transportation Agency, which
were described to him in White House
meeting with the agency director,
c. Darwin Stolzenbach.
Mr. Kennedy did not reveal the
basis for his optimism. And this, in our
opinion, is regrettable. It should be
encouraging to everyone, however, that
the President apparently has dealt him
self personal hand in the confused and
controversial Washington area trans
portation game. For the curiosity
aroused by the report which the Meta
will submit in November is by no means
confined to its recommendations for
the area-wide maSS-tranSit system
which is its primary responsibility. To
a greater degree the curiosity relates
to the expectations, most recently ex-
pressed by Senator Case of New Jersey,
that the report will state that number
Of Washington area highways, includ-
ing portions of the inner loop, may
not be necessary"
The problem will be relatively simple
If Mr.. Stolzenbach actually has dis
covered new data which makes con-
vincing case for trimming back the
freeway program. In that event, there
obviously would have to be a top-to-
bottom revision of the entire transporta-
ton plan. But what If his recommended
tons, rather than being persuasive,
merely add fuel to the ridiculous feud
between the proponents of highways
and the proponents Of mass transit,
which already has severely damaged
both Of these essential programs?
This, in our opinion, is the real
danger. Both District officials, includ-
ing Engineer Commissioner Clarke, and
the professional staff of the National
Capital Planning Commission insist
that they know Of no evidence which
would seriously affect the need for the
inner loop or for the other major free
ways proposed in the transportation re-
port approved several years ago. 1t is
also significant that the National Capt.
tai Regional Planning Council, repre-
Senting all the jurisdictions of the met
ropolitan area, has urged in strongly
worded resolution both a mass-transit
program which would eventually COM
plement the highway system during
peak hours" and the completion of "the
entire planned highway system, as soon
as funds permit, with due consideration
Of problems of family relocation and
eSthetic impact"
AS Senator Case has pointed out,
there will be crying need for someone
to coordinate these two programs after
the Meta report is issued. Since both
will be administration programs, the
logical point of coordination is the
White House. A good place to begin is
to insure that the November report will
not simply precipitate a divisive and
harmful donnybrook.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
Owen D. Younq

One of Americas titans of industry
has passed from the scene with the
death at 81 of owen D. Young AS the
former chairman of General Electric
and organizer of the Radio Corporation
of America lay on his deathbed in st.
Augustine, Florida, new era in cleo
tronic communication was opening with
the orbiting of Telstar, relay station
that has made possible an interconti-
mental exchange of televiSion programs
It is no exaggeration to say that
the groundwork for Americas latest
achievement in the radio and televiSion
fields was laid many years ago when
Mr.. Young effected a pooling of indus
trial resources that spurred the rapid
advance of radio from the crystal set
stage to its vast qualifications of today.
Although Mr.. Young had retired from
industry in the late thirtieS he. had
followed with interest the development
of what has become an essentially cleo
tronic age.
History will record also Owen
YoungS important role as an interna-
tional monetary expert. He was CO.
author, with Charles G. Dawes, of the
Dawes Plan for war reparations by Ger
many after World War I and took
leading part in drawing up the later
Young Plan for modified reparationS
and for rehabilitation of Germany. How
ever, he told reporters on his eightieth
birthday anniversary that he regarded
his contribution to the development of
radio as his "most stimulating" work.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
FROM THE STAR HES
SO Years AGO

Theodore Roosevelt was
behaving, so years ago, like a
man in training for a prize
fight instead of for a presi-
dental campaign. The Star
OF July "a, 1912, re-
ported from Oyster Bay,
N. Y: g. After an early
breakfast it was learned that
Col. Roosevelt had gone for
what he calls a little exer-
cise'-rowing his boat for 10
or IL miles. This afternoon
ne expects to take a horse
back ride, and Just before
dinner play a few sets Of ten
mis-. :. The Roosevelt Pro-
gressive Club of Oyster Bay
has decided to adopt the name
Bull Moose since the colonel
has indicated he approved it."
The United States won the
Olympic Games at Stock
holm, Sweden, so years ago.
The Star of July 16, 1912.
said the members of the win.
ming team received their med
ais from King Gustav. Most
richly endowed was James
Thorpe, the Carlisle Indian,
who captured both of the all
round events, adding a bril-
liant victory in the decathlon
to his conquest in the pen.
tathlon earlier in the meet
- high honors indeed for one
OF the aborigines on the
splendid team that came
from the United States. :"
Two stories popular in
witty circles so years ago had
to do with women. The Star
Of June 9, 1912, said Maurice
Maeterlinck, Belgian poet.
playwright, philosopher and
amateur athlete, was asked
by a woman how prize fights
were staged. "In the ordinary
Sparring match" he ex-
planned Limited to seven or
eight rounds, an engagement
ring is used; but when it's a
fight to the finish, they al
ways employ a wedding ring"
Another writer, unnamed,
said mans opinion of woman
was changing. HE no longer
scornS her as he once did.
Consider these cynical prov
cribs of old: If a man loses a
woman and a penny, he will
miss the penny He who
takes an eel by the tail and
a women at her word may
truly say that he holds moth
ing "A woman, like a carpet,
is the better for an occa
Sional beating"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
F. Chaplin Breckenridge.
Changing Skyline

So we are to have a real
estate development near the
Lincoln Memorial?
And this development, so
we are told, is to go over
the limited" height of 80
feet; in fact. so we have the
report. the height of the de-
velopment will extend to 100
feet.
What has happened to the
Fine Arts Commission and
the Capital Planning Com
mission, urban renewal de-
cision land the District of
Columbia and Federal rul-
ings and laws)? Were these
organizations putty in the
hands of the great professor
of architecture from the Uni
versity of Rome?
What has happened to our
American patriotism - the
kind which is displayed on
July 4, with speeches, etc.?
The whole thing certainly is
very controversial.
Eric Baker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15

cracy is to say, I'VE" All
forms of autocracy say
they" as serfs are ordered
to obey. The common market
of Christian ideals is the chief
need Of the world, it is the
only hope of the world, it is
the one bridge between the
factions, and the only balm
for the frictionS of the world.
The path of life more abun-
dant and more joyous for men
and nations leads from the
seat Of the Scornful which
usually is the three-legged
stool of prejudice, ignorance,
and misunderstanding, to
where others with their baf-
fling problems sit-not to
look at them with curiosity
or hostility, but with open
mind and sympathetic heart
to really follow the advice
Of Ezekiel, the ancient proph-
ct, who came to a group, not
as he had planned, with open
mouth, but with open mind,
as he records, "Then I sat
where they sat and was
aStonished."
Man is now headed for the
moon. G. K. Chesterton de-
clared that the first men to
land upon the moon will FIND
themselves confronted by a
huge sign Thou shalt not
steal" He meant, of course,
that you can believe the moon
is made of green cheese, but
you dare not assume that it
is made Of anything outside
the pale of decency and
morality. Now. if Chesterton
had been talking about the
Earth rather than the moon,
he could have said, with at
least as much assurance, that
wherever mankind dwells
upon the face Of this planet
which man, alas, has crisis
crossed with dividing walls, a
sign to be read by all who
have eyes to see is, Humanity
is one."
The inhumanities of man
to man, the torments, the
deprivations in all earth
stored with plenty, but which
have blighted and thwarted
great Segments of humanity,
have often been the result of
one part Of humanity ignor-
ing this signboard written by
the Father of all men,
Humanity is one"
Edna st. Vincent MiIlay
was staring with new eyes at
that sign as she wrote:
A man tDas starring In Capri
He moued his eyes and looked
at me;
! felt his gaze, / heard his
moan ..
And knetD his hunger ,Dds mr.
DUN.
There are no pangs of
physical suffering in any one
part Of this globe which can
not be assuaged by those
more fortunate in some other
part of the planet who, in the
stewardship of plenty, believe
in the common market.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
100 Years AGO

Inc fortunes OF war were
shifting to the Confederacy's
favor a century ago, and, to
make matters worse for the
Union, there was serious dis
sension in the upper echelons
OF the Federal Army. Gen.
George Mcclellan, command
ing the Army of the Potomac,
near Richmond, and Gen.
John Pope, newly arrived
commander of the Union
Army of Virginia, were strug-
Cling for personal power,
with each wanting the others
troops. Pope was a newcomer
in the East, having made his
name in the capture of Is
land No. 10 on the Missis-
sippi. He also was junior to
many officers in his new
command. But there was
nothing timid in his ap-
proach to the task. The Star
of July IA, 1862, printed this
greeting Pope extended to his
new army: g. Let us I'M
derStand each other. I have
come to you from the West,
where we have always seen
the backs of our enemies:
from the army whose busi-
ness it has been to seek the
adversary, and then to beat
him when he was found;
whose policy has been at
tack, and not defense. In but
one instance has the enemy
been able to place our West
ern armies in a defensive at
titude. I presume that I have
been called here to pursue
the same system, and to cad
you against the enemy. It is
my purpose to do so, and
that speedily. I am sure you
long for an opportunity to
win the distinction you are
capable of achieving. That
opportunity I shall endeavor
to give you. Meantime, I de-
sire you to dismiss from your
minds certain phrases which
I am sorry to find much in
vogue amongst you. I heard
constantly of taking strong
positions and holding them,'
of lines of retreat and of
bases of supplies Let us dis
card such ideas. The strong
est position a soldier should
desire to occupy is one from
which he can most easily ad-
vance against the enemy. Let
us study the probable lines of
retreat of our opponents, and
leave our own to take care
of themselves. Let us look be-
fore us, and not behind. Sue
cess and glory are in the adj
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15

vance. Disaster and shame
lurk in the rear. Let us act
on this understanding, and
1t is safe to predict that your
banners shall be inscribed
with many a glorious deed,
and that your names will be
dear to your countrymen for
ever. :" Pope followed up
this bit of bombast with a
series OF orders not calculated
to further Federal unity. He
made it clear that he, unlike
Mcclellan. was an aggressive
leader; that his army would
forage to live and give vouch-
ers conditional on good con-
duct of Virginians; that Vir-
GINA citizens held disloyal to
the Union would be dealt
with harshly, etc. Such edicts
encouraged looting on the
part of Union troops and
made Southerners more de-
termined to fight. While this
bloodless battle was waged
between the Union generals,
Confederate cavalrymen Ma
than Bedford Forrest and
John Hunt Morgan fought
spectacularly successful &C.
lions in Tennessee and Ken
lucky and "Stonewall" Jack
son was on the prowl again.
Morgan's men routed a YAM
kee force at Tomkinsville,
KY, on July 8. 1862, making
off with much equipment,
and Forests horse-soldiers,
comprised mostly of Texas
Rangers, took Murfreesboro,
Tenn, on July Is, 1862, and
along with it nearly 1000
bluecoated prisoners. This
paper said Forests cavalry
had killed or wounded an
other 200 Federals and seized
enough arms, ammunition,
field guns, wagons, horses,
tents, ETC., to equip a stable
army. Gen. Grant on July
II, 1862, assumed command
of the Federal Armies of Ten
neSsee and Mississippi and
Gen. Halleck was en- route to
Washington to become gen.
eral-in-chief of all Union
land forces.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
Good Life

I read with great satisfac-
ton Adlai E. Stevenson's ar
ticle Good Life" in The
Sunday Star.
He appraised clearly a sit
uation puzzling visitors from
abroad and thoughtful people
at home, namely the inability
Of most citizens to distinguish
between our words and deeds
in our national as well as our
personal life. We are so oc-
cupied with amassing dollar
values that it doesn't matter
whom we cheat or hurt to get
it, If we can't get it other
wise. We protest against
Specialization in our care for
the sick and aged, but allow
governmental and private
personalities to cheat all of
us out of billions of dollars
year after year. We can't
bring ourselves to lower
taxes, operating still under
the ceiling-exemption of 5000
a year for dependents. One
can't feed, clothe, house and
educate even a child for that
amount now. let alone adults.
At the same time so-called
high-class citizens and bread
winners par excellence
squeeze billions out of our
budget for their own profit.
We shrug our shoulders
about the impossibility of re-
training the hard-core unem-
ployed, considering it ade-
quate to sustain them with
surpluS-food and some CASH
assistance. We forget that
much more is needed to re-
store self-reliance and dig
nifty to those who are out of
luck through no fault of their
own. Adlai E. Stevenson
spoke like the proverbial King
Solomon.
Paulina Hans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry ,DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only lDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
ACommon Market
By DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United States Senate

hCI, REPRESENTS verbal
marriage about which all the
world is thinking. The idea
of this union is enthusiast
tically applauded by demo-
cratic forces bent on leveling
fences whose purpose has
been to keep men apart.
Other diviSive forces advocate
the divorce of these words be-
cause they symbolic a sys-
TEN which has no place for
fences, curtains, or walls. A
common market means, of
course, to offer for sale or
to sell goods or provisions
in a public place without
restraint.
That idea is the genius of
America. Even when the Lib
erty Bell rang out there were
propositions to put up mar
ket fences at the borders of
the newly freed States. But
the expanding greatness of
the fledgling republic was
assured when.it was insisted
that the frontiers of the sew
eral States were to be bridges,
not fences. In the costly con-
tentions of the long years, as
trade barriers have been set
up between the competing
countries Of Europe, the
dream of its wiseSt statesmen
has been the vision, long
ago expressed by Winston
Churchill. There must come
a United States of Europe"
But. says someone, does
not the common market be-
long exclusively in the realm
OF politics? What has that
got to do with spires? An
swer: Everything. Whenever
men turn from ancient ami
moSities and pool their re-
sources in endeavors for the
common good, spires of the
spirit are raised. The idea of
a common market belongs
not only on the counters of
Europe, but in its cathedrals.
Under every true spire pro-
phetic voices are pleading
with men in every concern
OF life to change "they" to
I'VE" Tell me how any per-
son uses I'VE" and they"
and I will tell you more
about that one than might
be spread over 500 pages of
biography. The they" frigid
with isolation may look from
an armchair with supercili-
GUS disdain at some other
group. But when "they"
changes into the understand
ing and compassion of "we,"
fences are demolished and
bridges are built. To change
they" to I'VE" between
neighbors next door or half
a world away is to learn the
fine art of living.
There were those who
wanted to hurl a contemp-
tuous they" at postwar
PROSTATE Europe and let
them stew in their own
juice" But in the Marshall
Plan America said "we," and
out of the ashes of destruc-
ton came the potent deter
mlnatlon which is blossom
ing in the common market.
And by the way, it is more
and more evident that that
I'VE" is in our own best in
terests. For it is true with
nations as with individuals,
give to the world the best
you have and the best will
come back to you"
No wonder there was written
on the foundation stone of
our American liberties, I'VE,
the people. The hope Of
the United Nations is in the
I'VE" with which its charter
begins. The essence of demo-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
Stabilized Economy

In Your Moneys Worth"
on July 8, Sylvia Porter told
us that the highest levels
in Washington" are working
on a plan to combine tax
cuts and high interest rates
in the hope Of stimulating
the economy without arous-
ing the misrepresentation of
foreign creditors. This should
start some thinking. Two OPP
posite remedies can be used
against two opposed evils
when they operate through
independent mechaniSms, but
are the mechanisms indie
pendent in this case?
The basic case for Govern
ment deficits as a stimulant
to the economy rests upon
the assumption that addi-
tional money will be put into
circulation. The case for
high interest rates as a curb
for initiation rests upon the
experience of the Federal
Reserve System which shows
that high interest rates re-
duce the commercial loans
and so withdraw money from
circulation.
At least the public may be
thankful that the highest
levels" have at last learned
that the problems of I'M
employment and initiation are
interrelated. In the Is years
since war economics ended
the depression decade, I have
seen only one article by an
economist which did not
argue for deficits, ignoring
initiation, or did not argue
for balanced budgets regard
less Of under-employment.
If the economists have a
sound plan for stabilizing
the economy through increas-
ing the money in use when
that is needed, a plan that is
cumulative and based upon
available indices that will
show when it should go into
operation and show how far
it should go in any situation,
a plan that provides for with
drawing the surplus money
and credit when and to the
extent it is not needed after
a normal situation is re-
stored, and a plan that can
be operated by a professional
board free from political in
fluences. let them come for
ward with it at once and let
us hope that every intelligent
American will support it. If
no such plan has been devel-
oped perhaps we should all
petition the Congress to di-
vert some of the money that
is being lavished upon the
effort to put men on the
moon into a research prof.
ect to find out how an eco
nomy really works when
prices are left to "laissez
faire." wages are fixed by
union management "negotia-
tions," and interest is man.
aged by the judgment of the
Federal Reserve Board.
Time is of the essence of
success if we do not want
Khrushchev's prophecy of our
becoming Communist under
our own flag to come true.
Perennial initiation is not
Justice for ALL" and peren-
NAL under employment is
not equal opportunity for
ALL" 1t takes both equal
justice and equal opportunity
to build the American way OF
life, and if we compromise
either, we shall soon find
ourselves building a road to
serfdom
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15

Many who are familiar with his pro-
motional efforts for the infant radio in
duStry will agree with this estimate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11
Flyers Wife Cries for JOY;
Parents Look to Reunion

ington area won't take place
until sometime this morning.
The caller said it was under
stood Capt. Powers desires a
reunion first with his wife and
parents. She said her parents
apparently have left their home
for the trip to Washington.
The Associated Press then
reported from Norton, Va, that
Mr.. Powers parents left about
70 pm. last night by car for a
rendezvous with their son at
an undisclosed location in the
Washington area.
Mr.. and Mrs. Oliver Powers,
accompanied by a State De-
partment representative, left
secretly. Their departure was
announced by the Powers fam
lily attorney, Carl McAfee, about
an hour after they left. Mr..
McAfee declined to disclose any
further details.
The earlier and unexpected
good news lifted Barbara Pow
ers, the pilots wife, out of a
period of dependency. She told
reporters that her last letter
from her husband said he could
hold no hope for clemency. But
at 3 am. she was awakened by
a phone call from a representa-
tive of President Kennedy and
told her husband had been
freed.
For a moment in talking to
reporters at her home yester-
See FAMILY, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11
FEW SEE SECRET SWAP
Powers Walks to Freedom

BERLIN, Feb. 10 (AP). -
Wearing a fur cap and dark
overcoat, Francis Gary Powers
stepped across a white line to
freedom today after more than
81 months in Soviet captivity.
The w. pilot was exchanged
on an ancient, windswept
bridge in Southwest Berlin for
Col. Rudolf Abel, Soviet master
spy who had been serving a
30-year espionage sentence in
the United States.
Despite great secrecy, a few
witnesses saw the exchange,
which also brought freedom for
Frederic L. Pryor, %, an eco
nomic student from Ann Arbor,
Mich, held by the East Ger
mans since August.
This is the story some wit
nesses told of the way freedom
came to the Virginian whose
high-flying plane came down
in the Soviet Union on May /,
1860, brought him a 10-year
sentence, and broke up a sum-
nit conference.
1t was just before 8 am.
cloudy and chill, when a party
of 10 persons arrived at Glen
icke Bridge, a narrow, two
lane steel girder structure.
The bridge spans an arm of
the Havel River between West
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11

Berlin and suburban Potsdam
in East Germany.
There is little traffic on this
bridge. Only a few United
States, British and French cars
shuttle between West Berlin
and Potsdam, where the allies
have headquarters for liaison
with the Russians.
But the sedanS bearing the
American party were not the
usual olive-drab official cars,
They were German-made Sc
dams bearing license plates is
sued to private cars Of United
States civilians in Germany.
Only a few fishermen, Gus
toms officials and West Berlin
police saw the arrival. The
cars were parked off the bridge,
and the occupants got out.
To watching Germans, the
occupants looked like ordinary
American civilians. One of
them must have been Col. Abel.
All 10 walked rs yards to the
middle of the bridge. A group
of about 10 Russians, coming
from the other direction, Joined
them at the white line that
marks the middle of the stream
and the Communist border.
One American walked back
to the police hut on the West
Berlin side. He called the mil
itary police at "Checkpoint
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11

Also Sunday, The Stor Magazine;
This Week Mosozine, Tv Moso-
zine, Comic Section and 20-poee
tobIoid section Of Thomas Somer-
willie Co.