davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
Medical Student Loans

The recent medical education loan
program developed by the American
Medical Association should open a new
and commendable avenue of assistance
to thousands of deserving students who
otherwise would be unable to bear the
financial burden of medical school and
postgraduate training. Under the pro-
gram the ANA will underwrite loans,
not limited in number, in amounts up
to ST 500 annually for as long as seven
year period. These amounts will be suf-
ficient to cover substantial portion of
the education costs.
This is no give-aWay program. The
money must be repaid, beginning at the
end of the training period. Nor is the
512 per cent simple interest that will
be charged on the loans low rate. Only
those young people who lack other re-
sources will care to assume such bur-
dens. The loan program, according to
ANA officials, is not intended as a sub
stitute for the udent-scholarship pro-
gram contained in the pending admin
iStration aid-to- medical- education bill
Indeed, the ANA also is at work on
scholarship program of it's own. This
is all to the good. The costs of medical
training today are so great, and extend
over such lengthy periods, that assist
ance to deserving students is desirable
on as broad base as possible.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16

were recipients of number of obscene
phone calls from unidentified persons
Under specific instructions from the
board, however, the police now will be
permitted to tap wires in certain cases
upon express authority Of Common
wealths Attorney Hassan and County
Manager Lundberg.
1t would be better, of course, If the
authorization were made by Circuit
Court judge, but State law does not
provide for this procedure and the Cen
eral Assembly is not expected to take
up overlapping at its present session.
Meanwhile, however, Congress has be-
fore it Attorney General Kennedy's re-
quest for legislation to legalize wire
tapping by Federal and State authorities
in major crimes. We hope Congress will
grant this request, in the interest of
better law enforcement and public
security.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
'AvoidobIe TRAGEDY

your eQlCOrlal, An AVOID
able Tragedy" states that
the most tragic aspect of the
air accident in Virginia,
which cost the lives Of "a
Army recruits, is the fact
that it could have been
averted by a more alert,
more efficient, and more re-
sponsible crew, and you
further point out that "Yet
to be explained satisfactorily
is why the air line was per-
mitted to operate under such
conditions-and why, in view
of the airline's record of de-
ficiencies on file at the Fed
eral Aviation Agency, the
Government allowed military
personnel to use the line"
You state that "the public
will want to know whether
proper action has been taken
to insure that all other air
craft transporting military
personnel. or the public-at-
large, for that matter. are
free of the incredible and in
eXcusable deficiencies and
hazards which sent "a Army
men to their deaths last No
vember."
The general idea expressed
in your editorial might we'll
have been set forth in con-
nection with an earlier acct
dent involving transportation
of military personnel near
Kerrville, Tex, on February
l, 1859. In its report deal
ing with this accident the
Civil Aeronautics Board
pointed out that less than
80 days prior to the acct
dent General Always had
entered into bankruptcy pro-
ceedings and that at the
time of the accident the
company's staff and opera
ton had been sharply cur
tailed. In its report the CAB
stated that this accident was
fully preventable; that oper-
ational supervision demand
ing compliance with regula-
tons was completely lacking,
and that the captain demon
straued disregard for the civil
air regulations, and that
"the inevitable conclusion is
that economic factors rather
than the basic principles of
safe flight were dominant"
The circumstances sur
rounding the Kerrville acct
dent. as set forth in the
CAB report, should have
been sufficient to arouse mis-
givings as to the manner in
which military personnel
were being transported
around the country, and
should have been adequate
warning to the Department
of Defense. Had the lesson
to be learned from the Kerr
vile accident been taken to
heart, it is very improbable
that the Virginia accident
would have occurred. It is ap-
parent, however, that any
action which may have been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
Labor Costs in Trade

There is no doubt that statistics in
great volume will be produced to prove,
and to disprove, many of the arguments
which will arise in the foreign trade
battle now building up in Congress. One
of the questions most subject to statisti-
cal analysis and debate is whether the
higher wage rates paid in American in
dustry are helping to price us out of
foreign markets, and putting American
goods at a dangerous disadvantage in
our own market.
One opponent of the administration
request for greater authority to negoti-
ate tariff reductions, the Libbey Owens
Ford Glass Company has released
study indicating that the wage differ
entail has in fact been seriously damag-
ing to American export trade over the
past decade. Even with allowance for
claims of higher American productivity.
as a partial offset to higher hourly wage
rates, the study finds first of all that
the labor cost per dollar of product"
exceeds that in other countries. With
that basis, it cites further figures to
show that we have registered large per-
in the share of the export market COM
manded by our manufacturers having
relatively high labor content. BY con-
trast, gains have been recorded in ex-
ports of raw materials or manufac-
lures having low labor content.
It is the contention of the company
study that our overall favorable export
import position cannot be sustained by
dependence on sales of agricultural
products or raw materials (items of low
labor content) and that labor cannot
and should not be expected to accept
lower wage scales as means of making
labor costs, and prices, competitive in
manufactured goods. 1t considers i'm
port duties already too low, and that
lowering them further would only accel-
crate the loss of market share for man
ufactures.
Some spokesman for labor already
have voiced a similar opinion. It is a
line of attack which supporters of the
administration program can expect to
grow in vigor, and which it must be pre-
pared to enthusiastically or other
wise.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
PARIS.

PARIS.
One may be permitted a
certain polite skepticis m
about the recent exchange of
valentines between Russia
and the West and the idea
that a new summit confer
ence on the subject of dis
armament is in the offing.
At this stage of a rather
stilted diplomatic courtship.
it is necessary perhaps that
the West should be showing
a simple childlike trust in
the good intentions of Nikita
Khrushchev. Whatever the
past disappointments may
have been, all the doors once
again must be left open.
Everything must be done to
encourage the hope, nebulous
as it may be. that this time a
miracle may happen.
1t is necessary if only be-
cause when it comes to dis
armament few Western lead
ers can afford to be skeptical
or even realistic in public.
Their concern for world
opinion"-not to mention the
opinion of the political OPP
position at home-demands
an attitude of unshakable
credulity on an issue which
has absorbed more high-class
talent over the last 40 years
than almost any other. If all
else fails, disarmament re-
mains the one subject that
will always bring the diplo-
mats and politicians flocking
to the conference table.
One notable exception in
the present case, of course,
is President de Gaulle of
France. But his attitude
toward both disarmament
and summitry borders on the
heretical. And his stubborn
refusal to dance to the Rus
sian tune is denounced as
reactionary and eccentric in
polite diplomatic circles.
Suspicion of Red Objective
If, therefore, a certain
Skepticism remains, it is Ger
tainly not the leaders fault
1t arises quite simply from
the fact that no one really
believes in the possibility of
a workable disarmament
agreement with the Russians
at this point. And the sus-
picion is that the major Rus
sian objective at the forth
coming 18-nation exercise
has really nothing to do with
disarmament at all.
Nothing, certainly, in the
recent exchange of notes be-
tween Moscow, London and
Washington, hints at any
serious change of heart on
either side. Premier Khru-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
Urban Renewal Tools Improperly Used?

Sections 220 and 221 of the
1861 Housing Act. But we
lack good single-family dwell
ings in the kind of neighbour
hoods which would be attrac-
tive to our young families
whose increasing incomes
permit them to leave our
myriad garden apartments
and seek permanent homes.
For some years past, Prince
Georges County has received
most of these families. The
Commissioners have deplored
their departure along with
the rest of us and have seen
this departure reflected in
the steady decline in our
median income and our tax
resources and in the inevits-
BILE disproportionate increase
in our budget requirements.
Subsidized housing on the
Anacostia- Boiling tract is not
going to reverse this trend.
These are only two of
many significant factors
which should be involved in
considerations as to the use
of this prize piece of land
and the necessity for COM
prehensive planning which
requires more effort than
moving blocks on a map, or
shifting people and problems
from one area for the pur-
pose of clearing or improving
another.
The 1861 Housing Act
added new tools to the urban
renewal kit. increasing its
potential. Without fully un-
Outstanding and properly
applying these tools we can
pervert this potential to
destructive, rather than con-
Structive uses.
Marguerite Snyder.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16

adding so many assets and
correcting the i'm b a INC e
which threatens the stability
Of the Southeast sector across
the Anacostia. Indeed, what
is done with these 500 acres
may be crucial in determining
which way this area goes.
With the proper infusion it
can start from this point to-
ward healthy recovery from
the successive inroads made
by planning mistakes of the
immediate past and no-plan-
ming of a prior period, or it
can lose the vitality to con-
tinue the fight. If the latter
were to occur the drift would
be toward an area of tran
sient population which moves
away as soon as it is eco
nomically possible to do so.
If this should happen the
whole city, not just the pres
ent residents of Southeast
Washington. would be the
loser.
I am convinced that the
recommendations of tn e
Commissioners would be diff
ferent had they the advan-
tage of the data which will
some day be available in the
comprehensive renewal plan
they have advocated Lack
ing this, I hope they will be
responsive to citizens who
have a firSt-hand knowledge
of the needs which can be
served through proper devel-
opment of this tract.
For instance, we already
have a supply of decent used
low cost housing on the
market which we believe can
meet the needs of many dis
placed families eligible for
relocation assistance under
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
Skepticism on q Summit PurIey
Foreign Correspondent Of The

shchev, himself, mentioned
the routine notions and diff
ferences" which he wants to
avoid without saying how.
President Kennedy laid his
finger on the heart of the
matter by reminding Mr..
KhruShchev of the consist
ent Russian refusal to agree
to effective international
controls as an essential part
of general and complete dis
armament"
No Desire to Discourage
Indeed, if there Is Opt
mism about the prospects Of
the Geneva meeting at all,
it lies in an idea which seems
to be gaining currency that
Mr.. Khrushchev, largely for
internal reasons, is anxious
for a real improvement in
his relations with the West.
And if this improvement is
most unlikely to take place
in the field of disarmament
there is no disposition on
the part of the Western
leaders to discourage the
Russian leader in whatever
friendly gestures he might
wish to make.
This hopeful view. which
explains, perhaps, the cour-
teous tone of the recent ex-
changes. is by no means
shared by all experienced dip
lomats. Many of them look on
the coming meeting-at what
ever level it may be held
as providing Mr.. Khrushchev
with an almost irresistible
opportunity for renewing a
full-scale propaganda often
sive against the West. At the
very least, he is expected to
bring the strongest possible
pressure to bear on the ques-
ton of resumption of nuclear
testing by the United States.
enlisting support of neutrals
at the conference and making
this a primary condition for
his cooperation in these
matters.
Already the Russian press
is accusing the West Of hypoc-
risy and double-dealing on
this matter of nuclear test
ing. In contrast to the opti-
mism of Mr.. Khrushchev,
himself, the internal Russian
propaganda seems already
well launched in an effort to
blame the West for failure
of the Geneva conference
even before it begins.
All of which, as many OBJ
servers here see it, places
the prospects for Geneva IN
a rather somber light and
reduces the present maneu-
vering to little more than an
elaborate and rather tire
some game of diplomatic one
upmanship.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
Peace Pickets

The radical left-Wing has
been carefully organizing a
campaign to weaken the
United States, and the posi-
ton of the Free World,
through appease m n t,
through disarmament, and
through virtual surrender to
the international forces of
communism. This campaign
will be climaxed tomor-
row by a demonstration in
front of the White House
primarily composed of young
students who have been
naively trapped by the
northumberland, ultra
idealistic appeals of peace,
"coexistence," and "disarma-
ment.' These young people
are not representative of the
youth of America. They rep
resent only the highly vocif-
erous. we'll organized cow
ardice and defeatism which
unfortunately appear dur
ing any period of interna-
tional crisis.
Unfortunately, the sphere
of influence of such groups
as the Student Peace Union
has not been confined to the
sidewalk in front of the White
House. These bearded artists
of surrender have tn eir
shaven cohorts and sympa-
thizers imbedded in the roots
of State Department policy"
and indeed in the admins
tration itself. The appease-
ment of Soviet Russia has
been the result - through
Yalta, through Potsdam,
through summit conferences,
through Berlin, through the
Korean peace" through
Indonesia, Burma, North
Wet Nam.
Although the conservative
is sometimes referred to as
a "war-monger" this term
rightly has its home in the
ranks of the so-called
peace" groups. We, of con-
sentative conviction, hold a
concept "a vision of free
dom to be of greater import
ance than the bare reality of
life ITSELF
The Strike for Peace" and
the Student Peace Union are
asking us to weaken our for
eign policy (if this is possible)
and to disarm. Their request
is an open invitation to a dis
astrous World War III. They
are. in reality. "warmon-
gers" The Free Worlds
military strength, combined
with an announced lack of
hesitancy to use that strength
when necessary, is the orly
sure deterrent to war. 1t is
when we falter in either of
these fields that we invite
military aggression.
Fulton Lewis iii.
Chairman, Washington Met
ropolitan Council of Young
Americans for Freedom.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16

I do not share the enthu-
siasm of your February II
editorial commencing the
District Commissioners for
giving the National Capital
Planning Commission some
policy guidance on the uses
to which they believe the
Boiling Anacostia airfield
sites should be put. You say
their emphasis on making
this a rehousing center for
the hundreds of families to
be displaced by other urban
renewal projects and by high
way construction is "espe-
cially sensible" I say this Is
merely an expedient inca
pable of achieving the kind
of long-range overall plan
ming goals such as should be
sought for the Southeast
area which adjoins this tract,
or for the city as a whole.
It is amazing how many
people can have been en-
gagged for so long in the proc
esses of urban renewal with
out ever having attained
more than a superficial grasp
of its comprehensiveness. IN
less and until we adopt a
comprehensive urban renewal
plan for the whole city, spot
activity generated here and
there IN problem areas will
continue to scatter the
plague-not cure it.
There was some excuse for
our early mistakes in scatter
ing the Southwest slums
willy-nilly, but by this time
we should know better than
to d. THAT is proposed to be
done to this virgin. scenic
site. The city will never
again have the opportunity
this acquisition affords for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
THE NATURE OF NAT

1HE NATURE OF NATURAL
HISTORY, BY Marston
Bates. Revised edition. 300
PIP. Charles Scribner's
Sons; $1.45.) A Scribner-
Library book (pape r
bound.
The publisher of Marston
Bates 1.-THE Nature of Nat
ural History" calls it IAN in
troductory survey of the
whole conceptual scheme of
natural history, from the
classification, distribution
and interrelationship of liv-
ing things to evolution and
behavioriSm."
On the other hand, Prof.
Bates, a distinguished zool-
ogiSt at the University of
Michigan, describes natural
history as "the level of bio
logical thought interested
in the discovery, description
and explanation of the vari-
GUS relationships that occur
among individual organisms"
He calls his work 1.-The Ma
ture of Natural History" be-
cause my errand, in writing
this book is missionary; but
it is not to impress with the
facts of biology, or with the
marvel of what we have
learned about the processes
of life. Rather, my errand is
to arouse interest in an atti-
tude. to explain a point of
view. using facts only inso-
far as they may be necessary
as illustrations for this atti-
tude, this point of view"
And in the contrast be-
tween author and publisher
we see the great beauty of
the book. Prof. Bates writ
ing is a marvel of lean lu-
cidity. His easy, first person
prose is rigorous and rela-
lively technical when neces-
sary. At the same time, it's
gay colloquialism reproduces
academic talk at it's best and
is entirely unrelated to the
forced prattle of so many
popular writer's.
OF COURSE there are
facts about biology, no doubt
too few for the book to be
serviceable as a text, but
enough to serve as an in
PRODUCTION to the field, and
the efiortleSs and utterly log
ical sequence in which they
are arranged constitutes in
itself an object lesson in
clear. scientific thought.
A brief introduction is fol-
lowed by chapters about the
naming OF biological organ
isms, the manner in which
they are catalogued, the his
tory of organisms in geolog-
ical time, reproduction, and
so on until we reach a point
at which the discussion of
the relations among organ
iSmS becomes possible.
This discussion begins with
a general description of en-
vironment, followed by a
more specific essay on the
nature of biotic communities,
continues by dealing with
such matters as paraSitism
and then returns to the bio
logical behavior of entire
communities. Prof. B tie S
concludes with a summary of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used it
letters carry ,vriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condensa-
ton. Those not used Uill be
returned only ,Dhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16

taken was not adequate for
the purpose, with the result
that IA Army men were lost.
The public is entitled to
know what, If anything, is
being done by the Depart
ment of Defense to correct
the situation, with a view to
making sure that recruits, as
we'll as other personnel, can
be transported to camp in
safety.
Possibly the Military Air
Transport Service needs to
take over.
G. " TOvering.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
A BOOK FOR TODAY
By DONALD MINTZ
Nuggets of Wisdom and Philosophy

the present knowledge of the
mechanism of evolution.
The three additional chap
tiers that follow, chapters
that as Prof. Bates admits,
are somewhat outside the
proclaimed scope of the book,
are concerned with the hu-
man economy from a nat
uraliSt's point of view, the
kind of people who become
scientists and a generalized
analysis of scientific method.
Throughout the book one
finds nuggets of wisdom and
philosophy sometimes mas
querading as homely, old
common sense) but the con-
centration rises in these final
chapters. Prof. Bates decides
to involve himself in the tire
some and yet significant con-
troversies about the relation
ship of pure" and applied"
science and science and tech
nology. His conclusions are so
simple and so wise that one
would think that discussion
could now cease:
THE logical division, then,
is not between pure and ap-
piled science, but between
science and technology: Be-
tween observations and ex-
periments on materials of
whatever sort that lead to
the formulation of fruitful
conceptual schemes, and OBJ
servations and experiments
that are complete in them
selves, that have no bearing
on the discovery of. new re-
lations among natural events.
The difference is perhaps one
of personality, of the men,
tai. outlook of the investi-
gator.
AT THE MOMENT, the
distinction between higher
education and pseudo-higher
education has been nearly
lost in the great rush to send
more and more students to
college. In his quiet way,
Prof. Bates says a great deal
about this and about the
dangers inherent in the pro-
liberation of research insti-
tutes:
%. the two functions Of
teaching and research in SCI
ence are hardly separable.
Teaching by a man with no
research interests, with no
curiosity, with no drive to
push out the frontiers of his
area of knowledge, would
surely become a sterile af-
fair, a passing on Of dog
matte facts. And research
without teaching is equally
in danger of becoming sterile.
I think a desire to teach must
be an important (even
though hidden part of every
scientific personality. For one
thing, there is no use in
gaining new knowledge If it
can't be impaired to some
one scientists with no
teaching responsibilities al
most invariably start in
Structing -. anyone who
happens to be handy"
The Nature of Natural
Science" is a nice introduc-
ton to biology and an in
teresting source Of wise opin-
ion on more general matters,
but above all. a magnificent
demonstration of the art of
clear thinking.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
Objection Noted

In a review of Mrs. Lor-
raine Pearce's Illuminating
lecture at the Corcoran Gal
lery on February Z, your staff
writer, Mary L. Vaughan, in
my opinion, did her utmost
to downgrade the event and
to ridicule the Gallery.
We must protest against
Miss Vaughan's Ill natured
and untrue statement that the
lecturer %. was beset with
technical troubles :. through
the entire hour = long pro-
gram"
In spite of our customary
careful testing beforehand,
the public a ddress system
broke down about 10 minutes
after the program began. The
fault was repaired within a
matter of minutes and the
keenly interested audience
was able to enjoy the fine
talk without disruption of any
sort for the remainder of the
hour-long program.
Gudmund Vigtel,
Assistant Director, Corcoran
Gallery of Art.
Editors Note: There was
no intention to ridicule the
lecture, the Corcoran Gallery
or Mrs. Pearce in reporting
the technical difficulties that
did interrupt the lecture).
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-16
Red Doctrine

j. Edgar Hoover wrote of
the Red doctrine in Mas
tiers of Deceit:
Everything in the uni
verse is constantly chang
ing and is at the same time
in conflict. This is called 'dia-
lectics.' God doesn't exist and
the world is composed of 'liv-
ing matter only. This
idea is called 'materialism;
hence, 'dialectical material
ISM "
/ suggest the armed forces
read Mr.. Hoover's book.
M. LutZ