davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
DAVID LAWRENCE

The political advantages
and disadvantages in the
timing Of a tax cut played
a significant part in Presi-
dent Kennedy's decision to
ask Congress to wait till its
January session to enact tax
legislation.
For, as Secretary of Com
merce Luther Hodges said a
week ago when interviewed
on a television program, the
people must keep in mind
that these things do take a
tremendous time" He called
1t a "slow process" and
added that this may mean
that the Congress may not
get to it till next summer,
If you are waiting for this
reform of the whole tax
structure.
Yet tax reform" means
revision of dozens Of regula-
tons that harass and impede
business progress and expan-
sion. The confidence of bust
nessmen in the economic
outlook for the future will
hardly return If there is only
a cut in the various income
brackets.
So, from a political point
Of view, the Democrats will
be going to the country this
November mainly with a
general promise of tax re-
duction that will be legis-
lated some time between next
January and midsummer. The
rates will, of course, be
specified by the new law as
retroactive. This means they
will take effect as Of jan
uary /, 1868. But it also
means that the Treasury
during the first half of 1868
will be getting estimates and
payments from taxpayers
based on the present law.
These will have to be cor
rected later in the year in
order to give full credit to
whatever reductions are
made by Congress- COM
plicated bookkeeping proce-
dure. AS for tax regulations
generally. any changes prob
ably will not go into effect
until January /, 1864.
Politically speaking, there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
Presidents Brother, Called Fovorite,
Is Criticized by Some Democrats

eral makes the point that he
is the underdog despite his
superior experience as city
councilman. a member Of the
legislature, and now chief law
officer Of the State, it too
often sounds like Self-pity.
In trying to show personal
dignity. Mr.. Mccormack has
been under-playing his best
potential issue.
The rivals will soon con-
front each other in the tele-
vision debates which have
become a fixture in American
political contests. After two
weeks of aggressive demands
by Mr.. Mccormack for de
bates any time, any place."
two on TV have been agreed
to.
Reporters who have been
watching his campaign be-
lieve that Mr.. Kennedy is
well schooled" for the en-
counter. 1t is surely no dis
advantage that he sounds
very much like his brother,
the President, in tone and
diction.
The attorney general has
the assets of experience and
a sharp wit. He will have
to take some chances with
his tongue if he is to dispel
today'S fatalistic attitudes
about his future.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
Estes Posts Bond
On New Charges

ABILENE. Tex, Aug. IA
CAP). - Bankrupt financier
Billie Sol Estes surrendered to
Federal officers yesterday and
went free on $4,000 bond on
new indictments returned
against him Friday.
A grand jury in Dallas voted
a three-count indictment &C
cusing the Pecos CTex.) pro-
moter of making false state
ments to the Agriculture De-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
Gambling on Good Businessin '64

wages go up, the savings
made by the individual
through a reduction in tax
rates may be wiped out. In
an uncertain business situa-
ton, moreover, employment
doesn't usually rise high
enough to absorb the new
workers who come into the
labor market each year.
The administration, never
theless, is risking its political
fortunes on an improvement
in business and particularly
in employment. The theory
back of the reduction in tax
rates is that there will be
more money to spend for con-
sumner goods. But incomes
and savings are high already,
and there has been evidence
that fear of the future in
business conditions has still
held back a good deal of
private spending.
If the net effect Of the huge
deficit were to be a discour-
agement of business expan-
sion and an era of higher
prices, the administration
would have a difficult time on
the stump. For, in presiden-
tial elections, economic con-
ditions constitute the most
important influence with the
voters unless, of course, a
critical international situa-
ton prevails, in which case
the argument against change
Supersedes all else.
The Kennedy administra-
ton thus is gambling on good
business conditions in 1864,
induced by tax reductions
and tax reforms. But, oddly
enough, in the argument dur
ing the last few weeks over
whether or not to grant an
immediate tax cut, even these
prospective advantages were
outweighed by the public fear
of the effects of a big deficit.
Certainly if Government
spending goes on at its pres
ent pace, even as tax reven-
ues are reduced, the Federal
deficit may go beyond the
$12 billion Of the past admin
iStration. So the full effect
of the Presidents decision
this week as outlined in his
message to Congress, will
hardly be known until a few
months before the 1864 cleo
ton.
Copyright, 1862
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
DORIS FLEEsoN
Kennedy Mccormack Contest

His hackers have been
speaking up. among them
members of the Harvard
M. I. T. intellectual COM
munity, 95 per cent of which
supports the President while
cold to Edward Kennedy.
This is not a large group
numerically, but it can get
headlines and has influence.
Massachusetts, Republicans
normally do not have primary
fights but this year they have
two interesting contests.
George Lodge, son of the for
mer Senator and United Ma
tions Ambassador, Henry
Cabot Lodge, is the favorite
to defeat the more conserva-
tive Republican, Lawrence
Curtis, for the Senate nomi-
nation. This would give Re-
publicans a dynastic flavor
Of their own and largely neu-
tralize the issue against the
Democrats.
Two reformers are vying
for the States attorney gen.
eral nomination. Back Bay
furnishes one in Elliot L.
Richardson, a former United
States attorney and Assistant
Secretary of Health, Educa-
ton and Welfare in the
Eisenhower regime. The other
is Edward Brooke, Negro
chairman of an important
civic watchdog committee.
Both are attractive figures
and the race may be close.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEI

First Soviet "See the glorious Communist
housing Development" End Russian spaceman Careful
comrade. Wait until the next If the plumbing is
still working it's American"
JFK discusses the economy TV. He takes a middle
oftheroad approach The state of business isn't good
enough to be claimed by the Democrats-and not bad
enough to be blamed the Republicans
Soviet coSmonau motto. 1.-TWO live steepy
Academy Sciences Government to spend
$108 million to control the weather Wouldn't 1t cheaper
to buy everybody umbrella?
Rule Of thumb: you American couple in Europe
the man bright-eyed and eager and the woman gumly
resentful you know they're their way to Paris.
Learning that second space had been sent up
after him. Russas reason to believe the
Communists space slogan: "Whrlgig brother watching
you"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14

ROME.-One Of the prin-
cipal goals of the Soviets over
the years has been total
disarmament. So has it also
been the policy aim of the
United States and Great
Britain as early as August IA,
1941. It was on that date
President Roosevelt and
Prime Minister Churchill pro-
claimed the Atlantic Charter.
They declared that in order
to bring about the "perma-
nent system Of general
security. the disarmament Of
nations is essential"
Since the closing day Of
World War II the remaining
giants, the United States and
Soviet Russia, have been
striving for two things; to
win the competition of arma-
ment and at the same time to
arrive at an agreement on
total disarmament. The in
congruity Of the two goals
has not prevented the sue
ceeding leaders from main
tanning them.
Europeans have been
watching this great COMPETE
ton over the last Is years
with anxiety. Until the last
five years it has been an
unexpressed anxiety, for prior
to that time all nations of the
continent depended on the
strength Of the United States
for their survival. Now, they
themselves are building their
own deterrent forces with
speed lest the tug Of cold war
between the United States
and the USSR end in a dis
armament" agreement. For
none in Europe believes Rus
STA would honor such a treaty.
President Kennedy's recent
statement that the United
States representative at the
Geneva disarmament talks
would relax our require
ments for controls only in
creased the determination Of
President de Gaulle to hasten
the growth of Frances nu-
clear power. What Is upper
most in the minds Of FORE
most European leaders is: In
the highly hypothetical cir
cumStances Of the Kremlin's
ordering troops to cross one
Of the presently forbidden
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
DORIS FLEEsON

BOSTON-E dward Ken
nedy's acknowledgements pro-
claim him the favorite In the
Massachusetts, Senate race,
but a surprising number give
him the back Of their hand
at the same time.
Their comments take some
such form as: you can't
beat a Kennedy here, but, Of
course. I'm not going to vote
for him" The reason given
by the dissenters Is the al
most total lack Of competi-
tive experience in personal
or public life of the Presi-
dents youngest brother. now
30.
It suggests that a voter
nerve on the dynastic issue
does exist. It seems equally
clear that Edward Kennedy'S
rival for the nomination, At
torney General Edward Nc
Cormack. has failed to get
the maximum mileage out Of
it.
For the kind Of self-debate
with which people here are
struggling is negative and ia
talistic. It is revealed in
terms Of what the Kennedys
are not entitled to ask, rath-
er than an impulse to help
the other fellow.
When the Attorney Gen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
Congress Urged to Ignore Protectionists
In Approach to the Whole Problem

contained in the phrase
world trade" 1t will not
forever be possible fully to
protect or, in effect, subsi-
die, those countries and
commodities which cannot
compete in the world mar
ket.
1t is helpful to understand
ing to see some Of the his
toric centerS of world trade
and to watch them at work.
Hong Kong offers a good
window. Her harbor is daily
filled with merchant ships.
Her newspapers play the
news of trade,
There was, for example,
an item from Kuala Lumpur
of interest to Americans.
Yet it is unlikely that but
few Of them noted it. They
were not all aware that tin
miners in Malaga and deal
ers in that metal were
thrown into a bitter and
angry uproar because Of a
simple decision in Washing
ton.
The United States piled
up, during the Eisenhower
administration. vast surplus
stocks of various metals.
There has been a scandal
created by revelations of
profits privately made on
such government-held stocks.
The Kennedy administration
announced it would sell 300
tons of tin a week until the
surplus has reached sensible
levels. The sales move was
proper end in the national
interest, the dollar balance
being what it is. No United
States citizen was in any
sense affected by it.
There was another story in
Lumpur. The Malayan tin
market took its deepest dip
in more than a year. Mine
production was cut. Miners
we're thrown out of work. A
strong protest was made.
Every day there are stories
in Asian papers rejecting the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Europeans Act to Protect Themselves,
Feorinq U. S. Concessions to Soviet

boundaries" would Washing
ton retaliate, or ask for a
ceaSe-fire talk in the United
Nations? The second ques-
ton nagging leaders is:
Should America diSarm ac-
cording to the agreement
while Russia cheated as in
the past, who could with
stand the demands Of the
blackmailer?
Among the relaxed re-
quirements" mentioned by
President Kennedy-and sup
ported by Great Britain-is
the possible withdrawing Of
international inspections, or
at least extensive modifica-
ton Of them.
Disarmament conferences
have been going on for some
40 years. all taking place in
a peaceful atmosphere in
Geneva when nations were
at peace, though not in
agreement, with one another.
All have dismally failed. Now
we appear to be attempting
something even more impos-
Sible: an agreement with a
sworn enemy. And, while the
British-American team seems
to be frantic with haste and
fear Of nuclear war, the So
Wet team is as placid and
self-assured as veteran poker
players. Patience has been
one Of the strong Communist
weapons.
An article in the Com
munist organ on interna-
tional affairs, World Marxist
Review. emphasizes the need
for patience in advice to its
followers: Communists do
not adhere to the all or
nothing principle. Anything
that brings disarmament
nearer is a step forward also
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
RALPH McGILL

HONG KONG-At dinner
the discussion turned to rice.
There is a chauviniSm about
that cereal in Asian countries.
A British guest had suggested
that Thailand produced the
best quality. A Hong Kong
resident insisted the Free
Territories were superior. An
American visitor, ignorant
about the qualities of the
grain which is the daily bread
Of hundreds of millions Of
persons around the globe.
spoke up for the sake of ar
gument in behalf of the Jap
anese variety.
The Chinese cook was
summoned.
What kind of rice is this,
Wan?" the host asked.
THAI" he said.
what other kinds Of rice
can you get in Hong Kong?"
"All kinds. japanese rice.
Burmese rice. Communist
rice. Anti Communist rice.
Honk Kong rice. All kinds"
(which is the best?"
The cook looked about the
table. sensing the debate. "All
good" he said, and went back
to his kitchen.
Some rice does come from
Communist China as a part
of the relatively small amount
of trade with the West. The
anti Communist rice to which
the cook referred was from
Taiwan. It is a part of the
mighty force bound up in the
word trade" Americans are
certain to hear more of the
word.
A part Of the vast, and as
yet unanalyzed and not
fuily-comprehended, econom-
ic changes in the world will
call for more and more Unit
ed States participation in
trade. That this will, as the
years move on, cause dislo-
cations, some severe, is in
evitable. The times require
that the American public be
educated to the facts of life
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
~ Political Gain From '63 Tax Cut
Predicted, With Uncertainty After That

fore, the taxpayers will not
be able to feel the full effect
of the change until the latter
part Of 1868 and in 1864. Also
the full impact on Treasury
receipts and the size Of the
Treasury deficit will hardly
be known until the end of the
fiscal year on June 80, 1864,
which will be at the start Of
President Kennedy's cam
paign for reelection in No
vember Of that year.
But, even so, the deficit
cannot be measured then in
its entirety, because the re-
duction in tax rates for in
dividuals will not be the only
change that affects Treasury
revenues. The changes in
tax regulations themselves
will mean reductions in some
revenue items and increases
in others.
Thus the administration
and the Democratic candi-
dates for Congress will be
running for office in Novem-
Der, 1864, with a huge deficit
marked UP against them. But
the political tactic in rebuff
tai will be to compare this
with the $12 billion deficit
that occurred during the lat
ter part of the Eisenhower
administration. So any
thing below $12 billion in the
Treasury deficit will be con-
sidered an improvement"
and as politically defensible.
There is, however, one big
fly in the ointment. The
business situation today is
to no small extent being re-
tarded by a lack Of confidence
in the future of business and
particularly in the future
value of the dollar. The
balance-of-payments situa-
ton, due to the loss in gold
reserves, is far more serious
now than it was in 1858 or
1859.
If the public, for instance.
gets the idea that the dollar
may have to be revalued and
if initiation sets in, the whole
advantage of the reduction
in tax rates may be offset
by a drop in the purchasing
power of the dollar. If, as
a consequence, prices and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
Negotiating With a Sworn Enemy

In relaxing tension and en-
surfing peaceful coexistence."
Each concession is to be ac-
cepted therefore; there is
plenty of time for obtaining
the whole.
This latest relaxing Of de-
mands by the United States
at Geneva and the state
ment Of Lord Home on his
return from the Swiss city
that the Berlin question
could be solved in the same
way as the Laos crisis dis
turbed Paris and Bonn. No
body believes that Laos can
survive as a neutral. Even
those who practice diplomat
ic Coueism are convinced
Laos will fall into Communist
hands. 1t has always been
thus with coalition govern
mentS which include the
Communists. Should a pro-
posal for a similar modus
operandi be made in regard
to Berlin, and the Russians
are expected to come up with
such a proposition, it will be
vigorously fought in Paris
and Bonn.
Accommodation" In the
form Of disarmament con-
cessionS, and in the form Of
coalition governments, the
Europeans fear, can bring
about a kind Of peace that
is not to their liking. The
thousands escaping through
the Berlin wall are testimony
to the kind of peace being
experienced behind the Iron
Curtain.
Thus. President de Gaulle
and Chancellor Adenauer
hasten to erase the writing
on the wall; Europe must be
strong and independent of
those Missionaries in the
United States who believe
that peace can be obtained
by unilateral concessions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14

partment's Commodity Credit
Corp.
He has been indicted on other
Federal and State charges by
grand juries in FL Paso, Anna
rillo and Pecos, and currently is
the subject of investigations in
Washington by Senate and
House committees.
Word Estes, a brother, &C.
companied Billie Sol, 81, to the
court house.
The $4,000 property bond
was signed by Estes father,
John Estes Of nearby Clyde,
and an uncle, DR.. Sol B. Estes
of Abilene.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-14
Rep. UduII to Discuss
Home Rule Strategy

Representative Udall, Demo-
crat of Arizona, will discuss
strategy for getting home rule
through Congress at the Dis
trict Young Democrats meet
ing at 8 pm. August % in the
Sheraton-Park Hotel.
The club also will nominate
candidates for president of the
Young Democrats. Ed Bern
stein, past president. resigned
upon accepting the post of
commissioner of the District
Public Utilities Commission.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-02-08

might have been had he acted diff
ferently. So those who favored a
show of strength suffered rela-
lively less public disapproval than
those who kept insisting that we
try to work something out that
would prevent the cold war" from
becoming a ''hot war"
There was less opprebrium to
being called "war-monger" after
The Wall went up on Aug Is, 1861,
than there was in being called an
"appeaser." Now that the first
phase of Khrushchev's "crisis'
seems to have passed it is a good
time to see what can be done about
Berlin and Germany.
Do exploratory talks mean that
we end up giving the Soviet Union
what it wants? Perhaps there is
some value in reviewing briefly
the term "appeasement."
Prof A. L. RoWse of Oxford
University, a distinguished British
historian, has just published a
book, "Appeasement A Study in
Political Decline, 1933-39" (Nor-
tony. 1t is one of the best "in-
sider's" accounts of the CGveden
Set and those who sought to ZAP
pease" Hitler that has yet been
written.
Rowse was a Fellow at All Souls
College, along with many in the
Chamberlain government w h o
came to be regarded as the archi-
tects of appeasement. They met
frequently and while Rowse was
a young pro-Laborite he took part
in its lively discussions. He also
kept diary.
Rowse credits most Of those in
the "appeasement" movement with
high motives. But as he tells it,
Neville Chamberlain, Godfrey
Dawson, editor of The Times, and
others of the inner circle were
animated by contempt for the
French, an almost obsessive fear
of Soviet Russia, indifference, if
not ignorance, of European history
and an incurable pro-German bias.
They were disturbed by the YER
sailles Treaty and what it did to
the German people. But they were
not disturbed enough, or enlight-
ened enough, to help the demo-
cratic Weimar Republic.
The Rowse volume is short
enough to read at one sitting. To
summarize his brilliant account
would be an injustice to the au-
thor. But there are several par
allels and many differences to be
drawn between 1899 and now so
that the word "appeasement" may
not fit in the COS.
The main difference, as I see it,
is that those who now would try
again to negotiate with the Soviet
Union do not favor talking out of
any "pro-Soviet" bias. Their ov-
concern is "the bomb" and
Russia would use it. The
Soviet negotiators have exploited
this fear with great skill.
Another difference is that those
who would resume talks with the
Russians are not ignorant of Eu-
ropean or world history. Rowse
says of the British "appeasers"
"They were late Victorians by
birth and upbringing, sharing to
Il
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-02-08
Watch On Potomac

of the enemy. Rowse said he him.
self had favored everything pos
sible to help the Weimar Republic.
But he warned, mo concessions
should ever be made to Hitler 4. F.. 4.
hold the ring around Hitler's Ger
many and the break will come in
side. The Generals would certainly
have got rid of him if we had not
presented him with success after
success on platter"
History does not always repeat
itself in exactly the same way.
But even standing "haf-firm" at
Berlin seems to have slowed down
Khrushchev.
What we know is that the mo-
tives of those who want to me
goiate" are not the same as those
who in the late 30's wanted to
"appease" Hitler. The big ques-
ton, of course, is whether the re-
suits will be the same?
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-02-08
A Book Review
Continued from Page ~

NSOhtiiuCu AiotiA dSC Il
Committee with the press, with
organized religion, and with other
groups.
There is a full and careful ex-
pose of the film Operation Adolf
ton" showing how it distorted and
misused the facts of the student
demonstrations in San Francisco.
Chapters fourteen and fifteen at
the end of the book are extremely
significant. Chapter fourteen, big
Brother Is Watching You," shows
how the F.B.I. and the Committee
are closely related; and Chapter
fifteen, 1.-THE Legislative Hoax"
examines the fact that the Com
mittee has very tenuous and
slight relationship to legislation.
The Conclusion lists many prom
inent individuals and organizations
calling for the abolition of the
Committee and ends with a plea
for the restoration of the demo-
cratic freedom to dissent and to
criticize without fear.
-OTIS COAN