davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-05-24
By ALFRED SHEINWOLD

Opening lead: Spade queen.
When this hand was played,
South was an ordinary human
being, poor fellow. He hoped
for the wrong thing and had
the misfortune to get his wish.
South won the first trick
with the ace of spades and
drew three rounds Of trumps,
ending in dummy. Then he led
a low diamond from dummy,
hoping to steal a trick with
his singleton king.
West didn't think he could
defeat the slam by taking the
ace Of diamonds; and this view
was eminently correct. For lack
Of anything better to do, West
refused the trick.
This gave South exactly what
he had hoped for. He had
managed to steal a trick with
the king Of diamonds.
Happiness ShOrt-Lived
South'S happiness was short
lived. He had the pleasure of
Snickering at his opponents for
losing their ace of diamonds,
but they had the pleasure of
scoring so points for defeating
the slam. South huffed and
puffed, but he had to give up
two spade tricks.
An expert wouldn't be
bothered stealing a trick with
the king of diamonds. He knows
that he has bid a slam, and
he wants nothing less than IL
tricks.
It's all right to draw one
round of trumps with the ace,
but then you should lead the
king of diamonds. Let the op-
ponents take what belongs to
them.
If they take the ace Of dia-
monds, everything Is easy. II
they refuse the trick, you can
ruff q low spade with the king
Of trumps and return q trump
to draw two more rounds of
trumps. You give up one spade
at the end, but the slam is
safe against any break.
Daily Question
Partner opens with one no
trump (16 to 18 points,, and
the next player passes. You
hold:
AQJ9652 V1O84 oA53 80
What do you say?
Answer: Bid four spades. You
can't really be sure of making
this contract. but you should
make it more often than not
and you can't find out when to
bio game and when to stop
short. Much depends on the
opening lead, and an immediate
jump to game helps to keep the
opening leader in the dark.
copyright. 1862, Gen. Features corp.)
Evening star., 1962-05-24
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Evening star., 1962-01-05
On Visiting Neighbors

A good tradition, and something
more, will be served by President Ken
nedy's proposed trip to Mexico for a
state visit to President Adolfo Lopez
MateoS.
The tradition is the simple one of
international good neighborlinesS, which
has been practiced in modern times
between the United States, Mexico and
Canada. Certainly the habit Of these
reciprocal visits back and forth across
the peaceful borders of the three ad-
joining North American countries has
contributed a measure of informal
friendliness to all their relationships.
This is not to say there is an absence
of practical problems between sovereign
countries, or that they are resolved
magically by handshake at the sum-
NIT level. There are, and no doubt
there will remain, issues that tax
official ingenuity, but their resolution
is the easier through preserving the
atmosphere of personal friendship at
the top.
Such an atmosphere in Mexican
American relations may have partic-
ular value at this time Mr.. Kennedy
has Staked a great deal, in terms
of personal prestige and of intra-
hemisphere cooperation, on his ALI
ance for Progress program. Among the
essentials for this project to become
meaningful, is one that Uncle Sam not
be left in the light of having tossed
out a take-it-or -leave-it proposition
with little or no evidence of a con-
tinuing personal interest at the White
House. Mr.. Kennedy is reported as
feeling that his ventures into personal
diplomacy in the past year have been
rewarding. His first official visit to
Mexico City could be similarly so.
1t happens, also, that Mexico has
been notably reluctant to join in
any affirmative condemnation of the
Communist government of FL
del Castro in Cuba. Along with Cuba
itself, it was the only GAS member
to vote against the foreign ministers
conference scheduled on January %
for the purpose of considering threats
to the peace" posed by the Castro
regime. Apparently the Kennedy trip
to Mexico City will not take place
until after the ministers meeting,
but the very fact it is planned may
have bearing upon the Mexican posi-
ton at Punta del Este. In any case,
the good will represented by the visit
itself must be recorded on the favor
able side of the international balance
sheet. &C. ..-
Evening star., 1962-01-05
Nation of Sheep?

I "chuckled through" your
article about "Tarzan and
Jane" Between chuckles it
suddenly dawned upon me
that q lot of us have been
subjected to a "corruptive"
influence since childhood.
With that in mind / would
suggest that the story of
Adam and Eve be stricken
from the Bible, since 1 am
quite sure that it contains no
information as to who issued
the license, the name of the
minister or public official
who performed the marriage,
or even the name of the
county that issued the license.
To subject little children to
such "corruptive" influence is
horrifying. We must do some
thing about it at once. I would
suggest that your paper start
a campaign to stop the dis
tribution of such literature.
Yes, after reading your ar
ticle I am convinced that if
we keep on following the line
Of thought of the librarian
who removed the books in
question, we will have dem
onStrated to the entire world
that we are indeed a nation
Of sheep" James A. Shaw.
Evening star., 1962-01-05
Another Low Blow

There may be a cease fire in
Elisabethville, but the State Depart
ment'S private war against Katanga
and its American representative, Michael
Struelens, goes on unabated. Further
more, some of the tactics being used
are, we think, beneath the dignity of the
State Department.
Lincoln White, State Department
press officer, has publicly charged
that an attempt was made to pay
another country to extend diplomatic
recognition to Katanga, and that Mr..
StruelenS was involved. Other sources"
sources at higher levels in the State
Department-have said privately that
the country in question was Costa Rica
and that the alleged bribe amounted to
$1,OOO,OOO.
Let's step back and take a look at
this. In the first place, there is no
reason under the sun why Katanga
shouldn't try to win recognition from
Costa Rica or any other country. But it
is hardly any of our State Departments
bQSineSS-eSpecially in view of the fact
that the United States has spent and is
still spending not millions but billions of
dollars in an effort to "buy" friends and
good will in countries scattered around
the world. We Americans are hardly in
position to be too self-righteous about
spending money to win friends and
influence people.
Secondly, this Costa Rican "bribe"
story has been kicking around Wash
irlgton for several days. It was leaked"
by a State Department official higher
in rank than Mr.. White, but since that
official would not permit his name to
be used most newspapers did not print
the story. AS result, we strongly Sus-
pect, Mr.. White found himself stuck
with smear aSSignment-one which
did receive wide publicity.
Finally, the charge has been flatly
denied by Mr.. Struelens, and it has also
been branded as fantastic" by Foreign
Ministry spokesman in Costa Rica. In
this situation, it seems to us, one has
alright to expect the State Department
to put up or shut up. If there is
evidence to support the bribe charge,
the appropriate officials have both an
obligation and duty to produce it.
II they cannot or will not do this, they
should put their scalping knives away
and start acting like responsible men
IN responsible positions. Otherwise,
these foolish architects of a smear
campaign designed to discredit Katanga
are going to succeed only in diScrediting
themselves the State Department.
Evening star., 1962-01-05
The Cancer of Costroism

Our Government has now spread
upon the public record a dispassionately
worded, but utterly damning, indict-
p ment Of Castroism in Cuba. It's 10000
word paper, submitted to the Inter-
American Peace Committee, should be
given thoughtful reading in every
capital Of the Western Hemisphere It
could, in fact, have comparable value
in other capitalism those, for example,
Of newly independent countries in At
rica and Asia where naive tolerance
of communism offers easy temptation.
In effect, this is story of the
SubverSion by Castro and his accom-
plices Of public readiness to rebel
against an oppressive government,
that of the Batista regime. 1t is not,
and 1t is so stated, condemnation
of revolution-which carries promise
of desirable social, economic and polit-
ical reforms-but is condemnation
of the betrayal of a revolution. For
in its careful reporting of what has
happened to the revolution and to
Cuba itself, the document spells out
the many and greater evils which have
been fastened upon the Cuban peo-
ple-almoSt literally a captive people
today-by Castro and his gang, eff
fectively aided by the alien leaders
of Communist Russia and Communist
China.
While the report reveals little in
detail that has been unknown, it gains
impressive weight by its documerta-
ton and thorough examination Of many
aspects of Cuba'S betrayal into the
hands of Moscow and Peiping. It is
far from meaningless, for instance,
that series of trade and financial
agreements" have left the Cuban econ
omy at the mercy of a complex Of
barter deals with Iron Curtain coun-
tries-of value to Cuba only so long
as Havana satisfies its foreign Com
munist taskmasters. So-called cultural
relations, so easily suited to political
purposes, similarly have been distorted
into an Imprisonment Of the mind,
mass brain washing, of the Cuban
people.
But If by chance this story of
what has happened to Cuba does not
seem sufficiently threatful to its Ameri-
can neighbors, the rundown on Castro's
Communist-supplied military buildup
and of Havana'S development as
Western Hemisphere headquarters for
Sino-Soviet political activities should
have disturbing impact Taken to-
gether, the evidence contained in the
report fully justifies the conclusion
that Castro and communism have COM
bined to threaten the peace and the
freedom of the American republics.
It is timely, at least, that it should be
made freely available when the For
eign Ministers of the American States
meet later this month at Punta del
Este for the very purpose Of evaluating
this threat and, hopefully, arriving at
some determination on how to meet it.
Evening star., 1962-01-05

the election Of Mr.. Moss as chairman.
They criticized Mrs. wilkins as a de-
fector from Democratic ranks.
However, we cannot see that any
harm can come to the county by per-
mitting Republican to preside over
board meetings. In fact, more bipar-
tisanship, or nonpartisanship, and less
political pickering in county govern
ment could prove highly beneficial in
coping with the problems which the
growing county faces.
Evening star., 1962-01-05
The Single Women


Isabel c. Moore must have
had a bad day when she
wrote her letter on "The Sin
gle Women" series. In spite
of what we consider is a chic
modern world, women's ulti-
mate goal in it is still that Of
marriage, in spite of the
painful complications" of
whose tendency to multiply
Miss Moore warns us. Thorn
as Hardy, the great novelist,
states that happiness is but
an occasional incident in a
general drama Of pain" and
no mature person could really
challenge that too adamantly,
for life Cor a mani will never
make a woman laugh If it
never makes her cry.
I have long been convinced
that women, like Miss Moore's
social worker, who claim they
are glad to be old maids, are
those who have never had
the necessary cooperation to
be otherwise. When I read
Miss Moore'S dire warnings
about the slave status of
working for ones husband, I
was reminded of the far more
pitiful (but less "archaic")
situation of the independent
career girl. How many mod
ern girls would gladly relin-
quish the cloying farce of an
office full of unhappy, un-.
fulfilled women, which the
employment agencies adver-,
tise as "a congenial atmos-
phere," or the peculiarly
jejune tragedy of Thursday
night shopping with "the
girls; or the cafeteria lunch
con special that invariably
turns out to be stuffed bell
peppers? And don't forget
Saturday night on the town
with the office crowd, when
that unique female dirty
mindedness comes out over
martins made with cheap
vermouth and about as much
gin as there is love in the
lives Of your lonely CO.
workers.
AS for our cave man state
I'll take a cave man to an
organization man any day.
Florence King.
In reply to Isabel Moore:
I would not trade my life as
a happily married wife and
mother of four children for
one day as a single woman.
What greater honor could
a woman have than to be
loved and admired by a de-
voted husband who works
just as diligently as she to
give his family the security
for the present as well as the
future?
1t may be true that some
OF us are not as fortunate in
obtaining material possess
sions and financial security
as others, but marriage is not
based on money, it is based
on the solid foundation of a
deep love and devotion of
two people who enter into
the most important venture
in their entire lives.
Mrs. Franklin H. Sonnabend,
Evening star., 1962-01-05
Reds in Vietnom
According to an Az

ACCORDING 10 an AP arti-
Gle in the January issue
Of The Star, the United
States and Vietnam have
agreed on a new economic
aid program for the Wet
namese. This new program
will provide increased assist
ance in the form of more
money to President Ngo Dinh
Diem and greater efforts on
our part to train his military
forces. 1t is sincerely hoped
that the program will also
include American supervision
of the disbursement Of funds
allotted to Ngo's army. One
Of the principal complaints
in the past has been the
absence Of pay for the very
men in the field who are
to physically hold off the
communists.
The article in question
reads like a Government
apology for what has hap
pened in the past and is
about to happen again. The
title itself is: "U. S. Be-
lieved Gaining Ground in
Vietnam." No evidence is
presented to show that the
communication of Vietnam
has been curbed in the slight
est degree. Instead, the re-
port-obviously inspired by
United States officials in
Saigon-says: There is a
strong feeling here that the
wind in the sails is in favor
of the United States -" and
" officials hope diplo-
matte and political solutions
may prove effective where
purely military measures
fail"
It is feared that feelings
and hopes will not suffice
to do the job in Vietnam.
Against this kind of fiddle
and faddle, the Communists
are applying an infallible
propaganda line and a mil
itary offensive. I call their
propaganda infallible because
1t is easy to influence the
embittered population against
a regime of grafters and
nepotists. The feelings and
hopes of the United States
officials in Saigon are based
on the assurances and prom
ises Of Ngo and his hench-
men.
The only organized Wet
namese group in open pro-
test against President Ngo's
ruinous regime is the Free
Democratic Party of South
Vietnam, headed by DR.. Pham
Huy Co, now in exile in this
country. A deeply patriotic
man in his early 40s, Co
is a doctor of medicine with
considerable experience in po-
litical leadership. His party
has a plan for saving Wet
nam from communism, and
he deserves to be heard by
our Government before it is
too late.
Emmanuel Larsen.
Former Publisher of the
Far Eastern News Letter.
Evening star., 1962-01-05
Fairfax Biportisonship

An unusual political coalition has
given Fairfax County it's first Republican
chairman of the Board of Supervisors.
The new board head is William H. Moss,
whose active interest in county and
regional betterment has transcended
his interest in party politics. On the
basis OF his record of civic service,
Fairfax County may count on energetic
and effective leadership from Mr.. Moss
in the critical era ahead.
The era will be a critical one not
only because of the fast-moving high
way and building developments in the
county but because of the present
threat of further annexation proceedings
by cities and towns within or adjacent
to it's borders. Chairman Moss has
promised to work vigorously for legis-
lation to safeguard the county against
what has been called "cannibalization"
Of its territory. He also is pledged to
align the county closely with other
jurisdictions in regional planning and
governmental co-ordination-a program
in which he long has played prominent
role. He is past chairman of the North
ern Virginia Regional Planning and Eco
nomic Development Commission and is
vice chairman of the Regional Planning
Council.
The bipartisan arrangement under
which Republican assumed the chair
r1anship of board composed of four
Democrats and three G. o. P. members
was effected two years ago between the
Republicans and Mrs. Anne wilkins, a
Democrat. Under the agreement, the
Republicans on the board supported
Mrs. wilkins for chairman, in return
for which Mrs. Wilkins promised to
support Republican for chairman when
her term ended. Mrs. Wilkins Demo-
cratic colleagues on the board dis
approved of the pact and voted against
Evening star., 1962-01-05

@. Was the province of
Quebec ever called Canada?
S. V.
A. From 1885 to 1853, the
region was known as New
France or Canada; from 1853
to 1870 it was known as the
province of Quebec; from 1871
to 1846 it was called Lower
Canada, and from 1846 to
1867 was called Canada East.
When the Confederation of
the Dominion of Canada was
formed, in 1867, it again be-
came known as the province
of Quebec.
@. Has the maximum in
surance always been $4,000
on each account in banks
insured by the Federal De-
posit Insurance Corp.?-
c. N.
A. No. This insurance was
started on January /, 1884,
with a maximum of $2,50O on
each account. On July I,
1884, the maximum was
moved up to $4,000, and on
September 81, 1850, the max
imum insurance was raised
to $4,000 for each account.
Evening star., 1962-01-05
Skilled but JobIess

The article and pictures
of the United States Naval
Weapons Plant in the Sum-
day Star December 81, 1861,
inspired me to write this
letter.
The article states that at
the time the Naval Weapons
Plant was closed to manu-
featuring, they were making
missile parts and missile
launchers. This shows that
the plant is not obsolete as
has been said before.
The article says that less
than 4 per cent of the
laid-off workers have not
been given jobs by the Gov
ernment or found employ
ment with private industry.
My husband, a machinist
there, was laid off last May.
The Government has not Of
fered him a job even though
he had 25 years with the
Weapons Plant. I do not
know of any machinists who
did get other Government
jobs. Every few weeks my
husband gets a letter from
the Government like this,
If something comes up
would you be available?" He
answers that he would and
hears no more. How long
can a man wait when he
needs work?
AS for private industry in
or around Washington, all
he hears is, "IUu have a
world of experience, but you
are too old" So experience,
ability and willingness to
work do not mean a thing.
In applying for work out
Evening star., 1962-01-05
WATCHING THE WORLD
Crisis for the Common Market
By CROSBY S. NOYE!
Foreign Correspondent Of The Stor

been little Of that spirit OF
togetherness and common
purpose that is supposed to
animate the community. a.
Quite clearly, too, there are
thorny internal political
problems involved for each of
the member countries. The
European counterpart of the
farm lobby-in particular the
powerful German Association
of Farmers - apparently is
bringing strong pressure to,
bear on the meeting. All the
delegates seem keenly aware
that their success in forging,
a common policy will mean
painful readjustments in
politically important sectors
of the economy.
Wonder at French Stand
Some, indeed, have wonder.
ed why the French have cho-
sen to make such an issue of
this phase of the Common
Market. To risk all that has
been accomplished so far by
insisting on common agricul-
tural policy has seemed to
some yet another piece of,
willful obstruction by the
government of Gen. de
Gaulle. .
The French, nevertheless,
are on very firm ground in
pressing their demands. The
Rome treaty clearly calls for
the step to be taken at this
stage of the community's de.
velopment. AS this weeks
London Economist puts it:
"The answer is that after
four years of procrastination
by the Germans they (the
French) feel that unless they
make a stand now there may
be no Common Market in ag-
riculture at all. That would
damage not only the French
farmers but the whole con-
ception of an integrated
Europe. b.
Or to put it another way.
the creation of a Common
Market in agriculture would
for the first time launch a
real European economic COM
munity. 1t was an awareness
Of what is at stake that
prompted the remark Of
French Minister of Agricul-
ture Edgar Pisani that 1--WE
are condemned to succeed. {"
And the interests of the
whole Western community
demand that, in the end, he
should be proved right.
Evening star., 1962-01-05
A BOOK FOR TO-DAY
History of Urban Reform Movements
By DONALD MINTZ

part Of an astoundingly frank
television interview with a
man OF substance in New Or
leans. This gentleman. hav-
ing proclaimed that he had
been in the slot machine
business with "the syndicate"
proceeded to define that Or
ganization: We'll, q syn
dicate is other people ths.n
local people Costello and
Kastel had the biggest inter-
est. They are out-of-town-
ers :" And this ends the
discussion of that subject.
THERE is a similar sense
OF unreality in the treatment
OF one of the major issues
OF the moment: Urban blight
and its cure. There is a good
section, for example, on the
renewal of the Golden Tri-
angle in Pittsburgh and the
work of the city's wealthiest
citizens on its behalf. But
housing is mentioned only
briefly.
There is not a single word
on the legislative history of
Federal urban renewal legis-
lation, and it is not until
page 231 that Mr.. Peterson
remarks, "The planned elm
ination of thousands Of
housing units, especially in
the congested low-i n c o m e
neighborhoods, was bound to
pose a major problem: Where
would the displaced sluni
dwellerS go?"
The writedown, "a proceed
ure by which the local rede-
velopment authority, using
Federal and city funds, buys
a slum area, then resells it
for a fraction of the cost to
a private developer" and
some of the scandals con-
nected with it, are finally
mentioned near the end of
the book.
Mr.. Peterson insists on the
need for liberals and conserv-
ativeS to work together in the
service of their cities. No one
will want to disagree. But it
is not helpful to ignore the
fact that at the present stage
the fundamental differences
between liberal and conserv-
ative in the cities are not ir-
relevancies carried over from
national politics.