davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-03-12
Capitol Luxury
The fact that ol

The fact that our Capitol
Architect is advancing a plan
to build a $49.1 million dol
lar garage under the East
Plaza of the Capitol, seems
to have caused some eye
broW-raising a among our
economy-minded citizenry. I
must admit that spending
$4,000 for each parking
space does seem a bit ex-
travagant, but take a look
at the other side of the coin.
In the first place, the more
millions our industrious ar
chitect spends, the more he
increases the gross national
production, and the closer we
will come to balancing the
Kennedy budget. In the Sec
ond place, it is only tax dol
lars he is spending, and GER
tainly our Congress deserves
a few fringe benefits.
I say, give our poor archi-
tect his due. He is only
trying to make the world a
fine place to live in, and to
give the legislative branch
Evening star., 1962-03-12
Wise on Cuba

Bit by bit, more and more each day.
the Communist wise continues to be
tightened on the grievously betrayed
Cuban people. Premier Fidel Castro
their one-time hero, but now the Krem-
Inns ardent agent in Havana-has
long since robbed them of their basic
liberties. He has done so by making it
impossible for them to have free press,
free legislature, free judiciary or free
elections.
Further, although he has paraded
himself as a practitioner of their pre-
dominantly Catholic faith, the Havana
dictator has declared kind of war on
his countrymen's churchgoing. And now
he has imposed upon them a "direc-
torate" designed to subject them to
complete Red totalitarian control. To
that end, this new 25-member ruling
body-which consists largely of known
Communists certainly do its best,
or its worst, to enslave the once-free
island republic and it's much-abused
people, great numbers of whom loathe
what is going on in their midst.
However, despite what the average
Cuban may think, the Reds are so strong
that not much can be done-not now,
anyhow-to liberate the country from
the sinister influences and domination
of international communism. In any
case, Dictator Castro, who heads the list
OF names in the new directorate" has
left little room for doubt that he is de-
termined-aS man who has admittedly
been secret Marxist-Leninist conspira-
tor for years past-to lead his country
men down the grim road toward abso-
lutte Communist Subjugation.
Still, although the prospect is thus
depressing, there is this to be said about
the people of once-free, once-gay Cuba:
They are not spiritually, mentally,
physically or otherwise attuned to the
Kremlin's type of exported tyranny On
the contrary in an overwhelming sense,
they believe in God--not in Marx, Lenin,
Stain or Khrushchev-and they take a
decidedly dim view of what has hap
pened to their country under the rule of
Fidel. This is state of mind that may
yet undo the present process of COM
munization.
Evening star., 1962-03-12
World IdeoIoqies

Inc star OF March l quot
ed President Kennedy as say
ing that religion is an issue
in the cold war.
There was reference to a
quotation from Abra h a m
Lincoln in which the great
emancipation said 1--WE know
there is a God" My re-
search, however, fails to dis
close that Abraham Lincoln
made the statement that
Liberty is right because
Christ teaches it and Christ
is God" Abraham Lincoln
did not belong to any church
and he stated that he be-
lieved in a religion that was
simply stated and that
taught belief in a universal
God. He was opposed to
dogmatic creeds which ac-
counted for his not belong
ing to any Christian church.
The great Thomas Jefferson
and the principal founders of
our Constitution declared
themselves as did Lincoln. If
we raise Jesus to the God
OF the universe, we make
atheists out of the greater
portion of the peoples of the
world. This does not make
for world freedom and peace.
World turmoil is in part
attributable to communism
and superstitious dogmas in
the name of religion. What
caused atheistic communism
to rise in the first place? The
political and religious aris-
tocracy of Russia held the
people in virtual Serfdom for
over 400 years. Students at
the universities sensed the
situation and unfortunately
grasped at a straw which
was a poor substitute, name
ly the MARKHAM Manifesto.
1t is true that religion is
an issue in the cold war and
if we are going to solve the
problem we will have to pro-
duce and recognize a pure
philosophy Of science as a
foundation for religion. The
theological dogmas in this
world will not be strong
enough to counter the atheiS-
tic philosophy. We need to
produce religious foundations
which may be acceptable to
all minds based upon truth
and reality. We need a holy
book in which the first testa-
ment, the second testament,
and any other testaments are
acceptable to all races of
mankind.
We can have foundations
for religion today, based
upon scientific deduction,
which are as acceptable to
all people as Newton's law
of gravitation. We, too, need
to correct our shortcomings.
DIR. Russell Forrest Egner.
Evening star., 1962-03-12
A.BOOK FOR TODAY
By DONALD MINTZ
Famed Finoncier's Human Side

acquisition of railroad fran
chiSes in France and Austria
and, in our century, the con-
frontation with the most
powerful enemy of all, Adolf
Hitler.
But what about this "hu-
man side" of the family and
Mr.. Morton's attempt "to
dramatize the personal, flesh
and-blood reality of the myth
known to the world as Roths-
child?"
The discussion of the
family as a unit is illuminat-
ing. Mr.. Morton has demon
strated that no small part
OF its strength has come from
a fiercely patriarchal sense
OF clan solidarity. 1t is
not incidental that the
Rothschilds, unlike such
prominent early 18th century
financial families of Jewish
origin as the Mendelssohns,
have remained loyal to their
traditional faith.
THE PAINTING of indi-
vldualS is less successful.
Here Mr.. Morton relies
heavily on illustration by
anecdote. The usual result is
that we see before us a vivid
and somewhat eccentric char
acter who remains a highly
colored reflection like a minor
supporting character in a
f1rSt-clasS British film.
Sometimes, however, the
anecdotes approach the level
OF good Jewish jokes. Then
they become symbolic rather
than merely illustrative; we
learn something:
".. Sovereign calm never
left Nathan (the first of the
London Rothschilds, who died
in 1850. It was his arnor
against the high world over
which he was a ruler with
out ever having been its
equal. The story goes that
one day there swept through
Nathan'S offices in London
an august ducal parsonage.
He wore a visage of such
fury that no clerk dared stay
him. He broke into Nathan's
private chamber and shouted
his grievance. Nathan, not
lifting an eye from his ledger.
said, take a chair
The parsonage, purpling,
roared his ancient lineage at
the Jew, his illustrious con-
nections, and slapped down
a crested card before the
bankers nose. Nathan
glanced at the card for a
fraction of a second.
Take two chairs he said
and continued writing his ac-
counts"
The sovereign calm" was
still a key trait generations
later when Baron Louis
fenced with Goering and
Himmler in Vienna after the
AnSchluSs.
Mr.. Morton is a novelist
by profession. AS an his
torian, he remains first and
foremost a story teller. No
scholar will ever cite it, but
THE Rothschilds" is a
rafting good tale.
Evening star., 1962-03-12

Inc acute need for houS-
ing has given mortgage loan
people a field day. Exploita-
ton of widows and low in
come groups is the order of
the day. For low income
groups freedom from want"
has become meaningless. No
longer does the low income
group know the prosperous
America, the land of oppor-
tunity, abundance, and sur
pluses.
The "gimmick" used by the
mortgage loan companies to
take advantage of the un-
suspecting widows and needy
is points" Mortgage bankers
dare not use the word COM
mission" because everyone
knows the meaning of the
term and a cry of anguish
would come from the buyer
and seller of a home if they
were told that a commits
sion" would be charged each
of them when the buyer OBJ
tains a mortgage. Why should
buying money" be so diff
ferent from buying bread?
An example of this system:
A man sells his home for $1O,-
900. The buyer obtains a
mortgage loan of $1,000. For
this loan the purchaser has
to pay a penalty commission
or points, of l to w per cent
in addition to 6 per cent inter-
est on the $1,000, even though
the borrower went to the COM
pany office and there was no
salesman's commission in
volved. But, before the loan
is granted, the seller of the
home is required to pay a
penalty commission or
points, to the same mortgage
company of 6 per cent to 10
per cent. AS one loan officer
put it, 1--WE charge the seller
whatever the traffic will
bear" These combined pen
alties amount to between $490
and $805 in addition to the
6 per cent interest on the
loan of $1,000. If ever a
formula for circumventing
the "usury law" was invented,
this is it.
Congress should be made
aware of these unethical
practices.
Reuben E. Stone, MD.
Evening star., 1962-03-12

What is the U. N. doing?
Why shouldn't the U. N. be
involved in the fighting? We
are told that the u. N. is
valuable because it has pre-
vented the Communists from
getting control of the Congo.
Why can't the U. N. be SIM
ilarly employed in Southeast
Asia? Why should American
troops do all the fighting?
We are giving billions of dol
lars to the indolent South
Americans. Shouldn't they
shed a little blood also?
Russian leaders are smart.
They can advance Russia's
cause without risking the life
of a single Russian soldier.
And the Russian leaders also
saw to it that Russia got
three votes in the United Ma
tions back in 1945 when the
U. N. was organized. Not one
American in {. hundred knows
it, but Russia was admitted to
the U. N. as three separate
nations: The Ukraine. Byelo-
russia white RuSsia) and
the remainder of the USSR.
This was a concession Roose-
welt gave Stain at Yalta in
February of 1945, two months
before Roosevelt died and
only three months after he
was elected for his fourth
term. One may question
how keen Roosevelt's judg-
ment was at the time. Is
this Nation to be penalized
forever as a result? Why
should Russia have as many
votes in the U. N. as the
United States, France, and
Great Britain combined?
Is this what Senator Strom
Thurmond means when he
speaks of Americas "no-win"
policy in its struggle against
communism?
James X. Hall, Jr.
Richmond, Va.
Evening star., 1962-03-12
Wisdom of u. S. Foreign Policies Questioned

Fowler Hamilton, Admins
traitor of the Agency for In
ternational Development,
says that the United States
has not yet learned how to
administer aid to underde-
veloped countries effectively.
"The United States" he
says. "is an underdeveloped
country when it comes to de-
velopment know-how." He
urges that the United States
should take a page from
other countries and spend
more abroad for develop
ment of people"
This confession of the in
effectiveness of the foreign
aid program confirms what
some of us have been say
ing all along-to wit, that
the American people have
permitted their Government
to organize and carry on a
huge foreign aid program for
the mixed purposes of brib-
ing foreign governments to
Withstand the lure of COM
munism and of helping their
peoples achieve higher levels
of well-being - all without
asking whether it really
makes sense for a Govern
ment like ours to engage in
such an activity. Actually,
under our traditional philos-
ophy of limited government,
such a program does not
make sense.
Our traditional philosophy
tells us that government
must keep out of the field of
ideas and moral development
and out of any type of action
which closes the door on in
dividualS' freedom of moral
development. The field of
ideas and moral develop
ment must be reserved for
the decentralized dealings of
Evening star., 1962-03-12
Key Soviet Changes Studied
Foreign Correspondent Of The Sta

IN Cne course OF Chelr meeting
here Mr.. Rusk and Lord
Home plan to engage Soviet
Foreign Minister Gromyko
on a much broader range of
East-West problems.
Among the experts them
selves there is no agreement
on any possible change of
Russian policy or whether a
change is likely to be for
the better or worse from the
Western point of view.
The British-who are in
clined to take the hopeful
view-lean toward the theory
of a cooling down of tensions
in Europe and particularly in
Berlin. Russian priorities
there, they believe, may have
changed as a result Of the
recent events. In Berlin it
self, construction of the wall
has virtually stopped the flow
of refugees, and recent Rus
sian overtureS have revived
hopes of a broader settlement
of the German problem.
For their part the British
are far less squeamish about
talk of a nuclear-free zone
in Europe and military disen-
gagement than their French
and German Allies.
SOmber Turn Seen
Others, however-including
some American experts-see
the recent turn of events in
Russia in a more Somber
light. Mr.. Khrushchev, they
believe, is under severe pres
sure within the Communist
camp because of his relatively
liberal policies at home and
abroad. Specifically, he has
been accused by the Chinese
recently of being more in
terested in peaceful coexist-
ence and disarmament than
he is in furthering the ends
of the Communist revolution
throughout the world.
While resisting these criti-
cisrns at home these experts
think Mr.. Khrushchev might
well be toughening his for
eign policy line. And the re-
cent ominous Developments
in the Berlin air corridors
give some weight to this line
of speculation.
The speculation, however,
Is what will remain until
sounder evidence is provided
by the Russians themselves.
One can argue, of course,
that there are better ways
OF smoking out Mr.. Gromyko
than staging a full-dress dis
armament conference which
no one expects to succeed. At
the same time Mr.. Rusk and
Lord Home can be expected
to make the most of their
10 days here to solve the mys-
terry. And if the occasion
serves the purpose their time
will not have been wasted.
Evening star., 1962-03-12

private individuals and
groups.
This, of course, does not
mean that our society can
not use government for the
administration of strictly de-
fined material instrumental
ties whether they be roads,
post offices or social security
systems which can help in
dividualS without closing
their freedom of develop
ment. Such instrumental
ties have even been developed,
and can be further developed,
for the purpose of extending
material help from our So
ciety to less fortunate socie-
ties Under defined standards
and without infringing on
their moral freedom. But
they are a far cry from the
blank check" foreign aid
program under which our
Government uses our Ma
tion'S resources in an at
tempt to dictate to foreign
governments and peoples how
they should run their affairs
either in our interest or in
our conception of their own
interests.
Benjamin GinZburg.
4 X X +
One of the biggest mys-
teries in this world is United
States foreign policy.
A few years ago, French
1ndo-China was a French
colony in Southeast Asia. The
United States, having an
anti-colonial policy, assisted
in the breakup of that. OF
course, the Communists were
given control of North Wet
Nam. The Communists are
now out to get South Wet
Nam and Laos. Apparently
the only thing that can pre-
vent a successful Commu-
mist take-over is involvement
of United States troops.
Evening star., 1962-03-12
Minor III, Big Headache

The millions of sniffling cold victims
in this country will acclaim the decision
OF the National Institutes of Health to
launch an all-out war on the common
cold. We might add, between coughs:
And high time, too!
Nobody begrudgeS the millions of
dollars being spent by Federal and pri-
vate laboratories on research into the
cause and cure of major diseases that
affIict mankind. The figures show, how
Evening star., 1962-03-12
The RS-7O Row

The unprecedented controversy
which has flared up over the RS-7O
bomber is not simply a reflection of
irritation or pique on the part of Chair
man Carl Vinson and his House Armed
Services Committee. Repeated refusals
over the years by the Executive branch
to spend defense money provided by
Congress undoubtedly have contributed
to mounting sense of resentment.
But at the heart of the RS-70 issue
there also lies genuine concern for
the future security of the United States.
The RS-7O Gt used to be called the
B-7O) is planned as highly sophisti-
Gated reconnaissance and strike air
plane. 1t would fly above 10000 feet
at speeds of 1000 miles an hour or more.
Its main function would be to compile
ment our 1CBMS-to search out and
destroy targets which, unknown to us,
our missiles might have missed. In
short, it would carry the elements of
man and Judgment into the missile age.
President Kennedy and Defense
Secretary Mcnamara support $1.3
billion program which will buy three
RS-7Os, none of them a combat plane.
They think this will enable us to decide
N 1858 or 1864 whether to go ahead
with development of the aircraft. Mr..
V1nson and his unanimous committee
think that $491 million more should be
spent in fiscal 1868 to buy three addi-
t1onal RS-70s, one fighting craft, and
the highly complicated equipment that
Will be needed for them. In other
words, the disagreement turns on
whether an additional $491 million
should be spent prior to a final judg-
ment-not on whether we should COM
NIT ourselves now to a $10-billion
program for an airplane which may be
obsolete by the time it becomes
operational
Both Mr.. Vinson and Secretary
Mcnamara have persuasive arguments
IN support of their respective views
concerning our future need for the
RS-7O. The layman, however, should
stay out of this argument Only a
monumental fool would feel himself
equipped to pass Judgment on such an
enormously complex question:
Il The same does not hold true for
the political or constitutional aspect of
the controversy. In this, the Armed
Services Committee asks Congress to
direct" the Secretary of the Air Force
to spend the additional $491 million on
the RS-7O. In the language of the COM
mittee report, the Secretary would be
"directed, ordered, inundated and re-
quired" to spend the money.
Obviously, this steers the dispute
into uncharted constitutional waters.
Can Congress compel the Secretary of
the Air Force to do something which
his Superiors, the President and the
Secretary of Defense, are unwilling to
have him do? We doubt it very much,
and we think that men of the stature
OF Mr.. VinSon and Mr.. Mcnamara
should be able to resolve this difference
without resort to trial of strength in
which the country could very we'll lose
the war, regardless of who might win
the battle.
Evening star., 1962-03-12
First 'HoncIods'

Because of the hundredth
anniversary of the famous
Hampton Roads battle be-
tween Monitor and Merrimac,
the news columns during the
past week have been busy
with reference to the CEN
tennial. But a serious popu-
lar error is being perpetuated
by all the stories so far, and
it may be appropriate to COR
rect it.
This popular error lies in
the widespread belief that
this Monitor -Merrimac en-
gagement was historic be-
cause 1t was the first sea
combat between armored YES
sells. This is not so. Warships
engaged during the earlier
Crimean war had been arm
ored, and ships with armor
had been in existence, though
not in combat, before that
time.
What was historic about
the Monitor-M -Merrimac fight,
we know now, was that it was
hiStory's first combat between
steam-driven or mechanically
powered warships. 1t was this
factor which did most to
change naval warfare. It
ushered in, in a moment, the
machine age of navies. A
glance at the Ericsson memo
rial, near the Lincoln memo
rial. will confirm this OBJ
liquely. Ericsson Is celebrated,
not as the designer of the
first armored warship, but as
the inventor of the screw
propeller.
James Dawson.
Evening star., 1962-03-12
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry aUriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condensa-
ton. Those not used ,DiH be
returned only 1Dhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-03-12
THE ROTHSCHILDS:

AAAE NO AAASOkAALDSs "A
Family Portrait. BY Fred
eric Morton. 305pp., illus,
genealogical table. (Athe-
neum; $3.50
Mayer Amschel Rothschild
Q744-1812) lived in Frank
furt/ Main and, like the other
Jews of the city, had his
household in a ghetto which
was chained shut at night.
In this ghetto he ran what
amounted to a secondhand
junk shop. This little shop,
in defiance of logic and the
normal course of human af-
fairs, was the foundation of
the family fortune that vir-
tually dominated 10Th CEN
tury finance and remains a
powerful force today.
Frederic Morton's 9TH e
Rothschilds" is a skillfully
contrived, popular biography
of the remarkable family
that has built, increased and
used this wealth for $50
years.
One book is not enough
for so rem crkable a COM
munity of people and money.
The purely technical aspects
of the family's financial oper-
ations are themselves ma
terial for volume after
volume of expert and spe-
cialized studies. Cor they
would be were not so much
of the material still Secret.O
Then, too, the family was
and is a very large one and
many of its members were
and are distinguished people
in their own rights.
MR.. MORTON, being
neither a trained economic
historian nor a trained fl
nancial expert" has chosen
to focus most closely on the
human side of the RothS-
child epic" though as a mat
ter of course he has tried
to provide the story with all
necessary economic and his
toric underpinnings."
The fundamental outline
of the family's rise is per-
fectly clear. The remote and
obscure Mayer Amschel was
interested in old coins which
he was willing to sell at very
low prices to his sovereign,
William of Hesse Hanau.
William was a wealthy prince
and when he succeeded to
landgraviate of Hesse-Cassel
in 1785 his fortune was
further augmented.
In time, some of the
Princes banking business
came to the RothSchilds,
especially business that re-
quired fast action and a kind
of secretive discretion that
established firms were unable
to supply.
A little later there was the
matter of smuggling gold
from England onto the con-
tinent and down through
France to pay Wellington's
army fighting against Napo-
leon in Spain.
Still later there was the
Credit Mobilier affair, the
Evening star., 1962-03-12

Of the New Frontier a suit
able place to park it's Cones
toga wagons.
Angus Sinclair.