davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-09-13
Walter Reed Unveils Reoctor

The new west wing at Walter
Reed Army Institute Of Re-
search and the first Army De-
partment research reactor built
primarily for bio-medical re-
search. were dedicated yester-
day.
The 50,0O0-watt nuclear re-
actor will provide the means,
through stimulation Of nuclear
weapon explosions. to conduct
research on the effects, pre-
vention and treatment Of ra-
diation injuries.
The new Siler Pavilion
consists Of five floors, and a
partial floor comprising the
lower. reactor level with q sub
pile area for the nuclear re-
actor at q still lower level. The
first to the third floors are
used for Laboratories. The
fourth floor is utilized to house
animals.
Designed and built by Atom
ics International, a division Of
North American Aviation, Inc,
the reactor will study the ef-
feet Of radiation on living
tissues, using animals as large
as rabbits. The Uranium-235
that win make the reactor go
critical" Sustain q chain re-
action viii be inserted in the
core sometime next week.
- Sealed Like Vault
The room that houses the
reactor presents q rather omi-
nous appearance. The reactor
looks something like q small
power turbine in o hydro-elec-
tric plant. Gas-tight doors
form airlocks to seal off the
area like q vault. A fectangu-
lar window looks down on the
reactor which stands in the
center Of the high gray room.
On the other side Of that OBJ
servation window is the control
console.
The reactor at the Walter
Reed Army Me dical Center
could also eventually be used to
treat humans. Preparations
have already been made to ac-
eommodate patients.
; The solution-type reactor will [
hold about 2 gallons Of an
atomic fuel highly enriched in
Uranium-235. The fuel solution
Is contained In q l6-inch diam
eter stainless steel core that is
enclosed by an eight-by-five-
loot stack of graphite logs
shielded by five-feet Of high
nensity concrete.
There are several irradiatlon
exposure facilities with various
dntensities. Materials TO be ir-
radiated can penetrate the core
Itself through the glory hole"
where radiation is the strongest. 4
= Built-in Safety
: The reactor Is completely
self contained, with no harmful
particles. fume or smoke being
exhausted into the atmosphere
or public disposal systems. AL
wastes viii be handled by the
Army Chemical Center, at
Edgewood, Md.
As one of the few reactors in |
the world whose primary users |
viii be investigators in the bio |
logical and medical sciences, 1t
Is still small in comparison to
power reactors now in use.
Built-in safety features are
many. II Instrumentation NAL |
functions, the reactor is auto
matically shut down and can
not be started up again until
everything Is working per-
fectly. The reactor itself also
tends to limit certain power
increases.
OF more interest to the Army
; Medical Service than the power
level Is the intensity Of radia-
ton available.
The reaetor near the Six
tenth street entrance to the
Walter Reed Hospital, will be
s1ailable to research personnel
In the Army Medical Service.
Evening star., 1962-09-13

lowing points subtraet times indiestet
from the above: Annapolis. 3A hours
Bloody Point Light "a hours; Colo
NAL Beach, o hours; Deale. IA hours
Solomons Island, ga hours; Poini
Lookout. IA hours.
The Sun and the Moon
Rises Sets
Sun today - 6:47 am. 7:20p.m
Sun tomorrow 6:4Sam. 7:lSp.m
Moon today 7:24p.m. 5;5l am
Automobile lights must be turned OF
one-kah hour after sunset.
Jessen's weekly., 1962-01-24
By Paul Np) Lien

Arrival in Fairbanks recently of numerous foreign airplanes because of weather conditions elsewhere is not new to the old timers living here.
 Dating back to the arrival in August 1920 of the famous Black Wolf Squadron, Fair banks has always been the ''hub" of flying in Alaska.
 Even before the advent of mod ern science in the field of aviation. dozens of fliers made Fairbanks the stopping point, or point of de- parture on round-the-worl flights and flights over the North Pole.
 Since the day when Carl Ben Eielson organized the first airplane company in Alaska in Fairbanks. the many flights were organized or came through here
 First AirmaiI Flight
 The first airmail flight in Alas ka was by Eielson in February 1924.
 The Wilkins Expedition utilized Fairbanks in the years 1925-26 on an attempt to fly over the North Pole with Eielson as chief pilot
 It was common knowledge in those days there were only three or four days out of each year when you couldn't land or take off an airplane in Fairbanks.
 In 1928 Sir Hubert Wilkins and Col. Eielson originated their flight here to go over the North Pole. flying from Point Barrow to Spitz- bergen. Both were decorated wide ly throughout Europe for this dar- Ing feat, said to be one of the greatest in the annals of aviation.
 Around the World
 In 1851 the first flight around the world by single airplane was made by Wiley Post and Harold Gatty- and they landed in Fairbanks.
 Wiley Post on solo flight. came to Fairbanks again in 1883. Actually Joe Crosson had to fly parts to him In Flat to continue his flight. Cros- son directed Post in the Winnie Mae to Fairbanks from where he continued on to New York.
Jessen's weekly., 1962-01-24

with four others, landed here in July 1888.
 Levanevsky, the famous Russian flyer, planned to use Fairbanks as a stopping point on a flight from Moscow to Seattle in 1897, but was lost on a flight near the North Pole.
 In 1888 Japanese fliers used Fair banks for refueling on flight from Tokyo to Seattle.
 Charles F. Blair Jr, flew his air plane from Bardufoss, Norway to Fairbanks in May 1851, distance of 3300 miles, and then on to New York from here, another 3450 miles.
Jessen's weekly., 1962-01-24

was to take photos of the whole Alaska terrain, and to prove that bombers and fighter planes could defend the country in the event of war.
 The flight was made over the same route that the Black Wolf Squadron used in 1920.
 Mitchell Supporter
 General Arnold was great SUD- porter of General William (Billy) Mitchell and appeared in his behalf at Mitchells courtmartial in the middle twenties. It was fitting he should command this flight.
Jessen's weekly., 1962-01-24

Parker Cramer, in an attempt to peat Post and Gatty's record, landed here on a flight in 1883. Later Cramer was lost on another flight from England to Iceland.
 Arnold and BOmbers
 In August of 1884, Col. Hap" Arnold, later commanding general of the Air Force, landed in Fair banks With a group of ten Martin oombers and based here for several weeks flying to such outlying points as Nome and Anchorage.
 The main objective of the flight
Jessen's weekly., 1962-01-24

Robbins and Mattern used Fair banks as point of overhead re- fueling when they attempted to fly nonstop from Seattle to Tokyo in 1886
 James Mattern on his flight around the world in 1885 landed here Mattern had cracked up in Siberia, and after making repairs, came on to Fairbanks and continued around the world from here
 Howard Hughes
 In breaking Posts record flight around the world, Howard Hughes
Jessen's weekly., 1962-01-24
{013~ t(?Ii2;yI a&oo1
Sammy Safety
 Sez:
The more chances you take. the LESS chances you HAVEl
Courtesy: Fairbanks Health and Safety Council

The more chances you take, the LESS chances you HAVEl
 IL now occurs to us to ask-Why must there be two to three wear battle every time new traffic con- trol light Is installed in the greater Falrbanks area? This was the ex- perlenee of the Fairbanks Health and Safety Council and others in- terested in establishing traffic con- trol lights on Cushman at Main school and at the Minnie-Third- Chena Drive intersection in Graehl SDoth three year battles).
 Now the Council, the Lemeta Homemakers and the Joy School PTA are working together in the second year of effort to get the abso- 1utely necessary traffic light on College Rd. at Margaret Where two children already have been in- 1ured in traffic accidents since Sep tember, one of them seriously What price Children?
 
 For 1861, in the State of Alaska. traffic fatalities were down, but fire fatalities were UP, according to statistics just released by the De- partment of Public Safety. Traffic deaths totaled 26 as compared to AZ in 1860. BUT fires killed 51 per- sons in Alaska in 1861 or three times the r persons who died in fires in the State in 1860. Your cooperation IS needed to cut fire fatalities.
 TELEVISION: The Big Brother Movement as a possibility for Fair banks will be discussed by Eugene Zink of the State Welfare Depart ment and Jim Couch of the Council during the Fairbanks Health and Safety Councils telecast at 5 pm. Thursday on KTVF.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18
Desegregotion Reaction

DR.. Bacote believes that ever
since 1854, when Southern Demo-
Gratis reacted violently against the
Supreme Courts school desegre-
, cation decision, many Negroes
have been determined to vote
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18
Commences Scientific Chief
Is a Republican Intellectual

than materials. These two eff
forts, he feels demand the best
technical talent and industrial
capability.
Mr.. Hollomon says his respon-
sibility is to insure the effective
application of science and tech:
nology to industry and commerce.
THAT doesn't mean the Govern
ment is going to run it or do the
research and development for in
duStry," he declared. Industry
can do part of the job itself"
I'VE want to know if the in
formation on SIG billion a year
In research and development is
getting to industry. We may need
new mechanisms to diffuse mod
ern technology faster to less-effi-
cient firms"
Mr.. Hollomon has already sent
Congress three-pronged program
to help the textile and building
trades industries and survey what
other fields may need similar as
sistance. One feature is a tech
nical service formed by univer-
sites and industry working to-
gether in pilot areas.
Mr.. Hollomon is the son of A
Norfolk undertaken. His parents
separated when he was young, and
his mother ran the business un-
til her death when he was only
10. He attended military school
in Virginia, worked most sum-
mers, and then received his BACH
elor's degree and doctorate from
the Massachusetts, Institute of
Technology.
After teaching at Harvard. he
was brought into military service
at the Watertown CMaSs.) Arsenal
and eventually was responsible for
much of the metallurgical re-
search on ornaments during
Worl War IL =
Mr.. Hollomon'S job was created
by Congress Feb. IT. He was sworn
in three days short of three
months later. He was with GE
from l946 to the time he came to
Washington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18

precedent means anything Mr..
Spence is 81, he may hope to be
serving long after the Kennedys
have retired from the scene.
Where will the House Banking
panel go with Skipper Patman at
the bridge? Much, of course, de-
ponds on the upper house, where
Democratic conservatives such as
Chairman Byrd of the Senate FL
nance Committee can, and do,
cripple bills.
But Mr.. Patman has shown that
behind his ascetic and solemn
personality is knack of making
alliances where it counts.
He puts in a 10-hour day. He
does his homework. He is not
afraid of a fight. Currently he's
directing probe of whether tax
exempt foundations hurt the stock
market by their huge dealings.
Another recent study by his Small
Business panel dashed out at mer-
gers by big corporations. And
previously, noting that the foun-
dations grew from 1925 in 1852
to more than $4,000 in 1860, he
has warned that these tax-free
groups are forcing little business
out Of existence. f.,
1t promises to be lively year.
as usual, in the Patman camp.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18

should spend some time in gov
eminent"
AS chief of all the technical ac-
tivities in the far-flung Commerce
Department, he views policy on
research and development in the
civilian sector as his most impor-
tant problem.
Practically everything I have
been doing is associated with how
best to use science and technology
for the benefit of our society,"" he
has said. He added, I'VE have to
decide what the Government
should do, if anything, with regard
to the impact research and de-
velopment has on economic
growth and foreign trade" This
is tied to the quality of civilian
life-what we do with what we
spend"
Mr.. Hollomon explained that
military preparedness now de-
ponds on sophisticated technology,
rather than plain arms, while the
space effort is totally technolo-
gical, with brains more important
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18

He fought through the pat
man bonus" for veterans in 1896,
over FDR's objections. An "easy
money" man, he has worked since
1885 in banking legislation for ex-
banded currency. In the 1950s,
his wrangles over interest rates
with William McCheSney Martin,
chairman of the Federal Reserve
Board, made yearly headlines.
On Restricting Credit
The recession of 1878 came
as a sequel to Mr.. Patman's per-
sistent cry, that by restricting
credit the Fed" had hurt farm
ers, small businessmen, home and
school builders, all for the sake
of profits to big moneylanders.
The Feds" reply: Too much
credit creates initiation.
For a Congressman seeking
power, the Banking panel has Of
fered a glacial speed in promo
lions. Its present leader became
chairman in 1913. Mr.. Patman is
taking over at the age of SO, past
the level at which most execu-
tives retire.
But he lives simply, has vir-
tually no social life in Washing
ton, abstains from liquor, and If
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18

against the regions dominant
party in every election. Although
Atlanta Negroes gave Adlai Ste
venson rs per cent of their votes
in 1852, they gave him only IA
per cent in 1856.
Probably the main reason Presi-
dent Kennedy did better was that
he and his brother Robert made
telephone calls to Georgia during
the 1860 campaign in behalf of
DR.. Martin Luther King, jr., then
in Jail because of Sit-inS. But even
this failed to keep most Negroes
from voting against what they
primarily regard as Georgias
dominant white party.
Mr.. Johnson says he believes
many Southern Negroes habit of
voting Republican will change as
the Southern political scene is
altered.
Another field in which he is
expected to have an impact is
voter registration. A Georgia Negro
Senator pushing for a State fair
employment commission or a hous-
ing nti-discrimination agency
might be an isolated man in the
legislature, but Mr.. johnson feels
that voting rights are more basic
and that efforts to extend them
would attract support.
Even the leadership of the
State recognizes the principle of
the right to VOTE" he said.
Negro Registration
Mr.. johnson has been very
active in Negro voter registration
in Atlanta, where Negroes usually
vote in higher ratio to population
than whites. A large part of the
Negro voter registration through
out the Deep South is directed
from the Atlanta offices of various
organizations and Mr.. johnson has
not ruled out the possibility he
will help.
Registration leaders have noted
that wherever there is Negro
candidate. it is easier to persuade
Negroes to register. If even
hopeless candidacy can do this,
the sight of a Georgia Negro
Senator undoubtedly will greatly
help Negro voter drives in the
Deep South.
Mr.. johnson says he expects to
work with the State administra-
ton of Gov. -elect Carl Sanders, a
racial moderate who overwhelm-
tngly defeated former Gov. Marvin
Griffin, racist.
In January the new Senator
will take his seat alongside many
colleagues who, only a year ago,
were behind Georgia's about
efforts for total segregation. He
will be sitting beneath galleries
where Negroes were arrested dur
ing the last session when they
broke the Capitol's segregation
pattern.
His most immediate six COL
leagues will be his fellow Senators
from Fulton County (Atlanta), all
but one of whom-a Republican
supported him publicly against
his Republican opponent. The
Fulton delegation is expected to
smooth his way.
Il think for a while it will be
a strange sort of a scene" Mr..
johnson said a few days ago.
But expect no real difficulty"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18

members in 10 job categories, but
the 25-hour contract and certain
other benefits cover only the
class A" division. the 5000 skilled
workers employed by the 600 con-
tractors in New York'S SIPS bill
lion construction industry. They
earn $4.96 an hour, and guarantee
their employers they will work a
sixth hour every day, if needed,
but no more than Is hours of
overtime a week. Formerly they
worked a basic six-hour day plus
a seventh at time and a half.
Thus the basic 25-hour weekly
paycheck is $124. With an hour
of overtime daily it would be
$161.20, and with the maximum
Is hours $235. This doesn't
include fringe benefits which make
a $161.20 paycheck actually worth
more than 5000.
The benefits are administered
by a joint industry board which
is the pride of Local as we'll as
their employers, and the envy of
other industries where labor
management relations are not so
smooth.
Handles Pension Funds
The board, made up of 10 rep
resentatives of management and
10 union members, handles the
funds which provide pensions of
1920 a month Gncluding social Sc
curity) at age IS, free dental care,
a variety of diagnostic services, up
to 100 days, disqualification for
every member of the family, full
wages for the first Is weeks in
the hospital for any man injured
on the job, plus paid vacations, a
revolving fund that provides in
tereSt-free loans, an annuity plan
that grows at the rate of 81
day, and scholarships which so far
have sent 277 children of Local
3 members to colleges and grad
uate schools.
Electricians who come to New
York to work during labor short
ages receive all the Local 8 bene-
fits.
There's quite a turnover of out
of-towners. Local 3 has complete
job control, and the supply of
local class-A electricians has re-
manned consistently below the de-
mand. Last January, during the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18
BY ALAN EMORY
Contributing Writer

One of the newest of the New
Frontier eggheads, a brilliant up
state New York scientist who
reads faster than President Ken
nedy and is a card-carrying Re-
publican, threatens to upset the
balance of chronological man.
power between civilian and mill
tary activities.
j. Ernest Holloman, a 43-year-
old native of Norfolk CVa.) with
a talent for French, Japanese and
Chinese cooking, has taken on one
of the most challenging jobs in
the Kennedy administration, AS
siStant Secretary of Commerce for
Science and Technology.
He recently told a Chicago audi
ence the technical manpower of
the United States was too con-
centrated in few States and that
the military and space efforts had
more than their share, with the
result that the civilian economy
was suffering.
Formerly general manager of
the General Electric Co.'S Gen
eral Engineering Laboratory in
Schenectady. Mr.. Hollomon is as
sembling a staff in his new job
He also bought new house, since
the Hollomons' first home in
Washington, which they rented,
was taken away from them Is days
after they took possession when
the owner Unexpectedly returned.
Hollomon had never met his
boss, Secretary of Commerce Lu-
ther H. Hodges. until he joined
the Kennedy administration.
The scientists attitude is that
"the world decides for you. You
do what is essential to be done"
The department had been wait
ing for his post to be filled for
some time, and there were many
"backed-up problems. Mr.. Hollo-
mon says, 1--WE always thought
any reasonably intelligent fellow
interested in the world he lives in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18
The Next Chairman
OF House BANKING

ma-'n-pa grocery store, the small
bank, the forgotten G.. 1. and the
pint-sized bidder in defense con-
tracts.
He manifests the wary suspi-
cion of a French peasant against
big banking, high interest rates,
economic concentration, large tax
free foundations and chain stores.
On that economic base, he has
achieved the dreams of many law
makers who, attracted to more
glamorous subjects, have vanished
into oblivion. Wright Patman
helped create the House Small
Business Committee, of which he
is chairman and chief prodder.
He also heads the Joint Economic
Committee, and is vice chairman
OF the Joint Defense Production
Committee.
Price Legislation
He also is assured of a hyphen-
ated immortality in the Robinson
Patman Act, which bans buyers
and sellers from granting or get
ting discriminatory prices. Born
amid controversy in 1885, it has
been termed everything from the
"Anti-Chain Store Act" to the
Golden Rule of American Bush
ness"
Mr. Patman's fondness for vets
stemmed from World War when
he was rejected by officer train
ing school due to serious heart
trouble" but enlisted and rose
through the ranks to first lieu
tenant in a machine gun COM
pany.
In 1910 just before a second
world war, Mr.. Patman brought
out a popular handbook on the
Federal Government which under
took to answer l,O0O1 questions
most often asked about it.
His economic views were shaped
by poverty in his youth. He
raised cotton to work his way
through College and earn a law
degree. But the depression brought
his ideas to flower.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-18
BY TRUMEN TEMPLE
Contributing Writer

He was born in a genuine log
cabin. He rode six miles to school
every day on a Texas mule.
AS a small boy he learned about
money the hard way. His father,
a tenant farmer, was forced to pay
as high as so per cent interest on
crop loans.
Next January the observer of
this economic lesson will take over
from retiring Representative
Brent Spence as chairman of the
prestigiouS House Banking and
Currency Committee. It's likely
the panel will feel the drive of
his personality at once.
His full name is John William
Wright Patman, and a bitter Joke
among some conservative eastern
bankers is that he's more often
wrong than Wright in money
matters. To others, he's a cham
pion.
Mr.. Patman is soft-spoken, a
Mason, Elk, Eagle, Shriner, Amer
lean Legionnaire, and a doting
grandfather. In a profession of
mighty Wurlitzers, he speaks in
a monotone.
Denounced the KIon
But he carries the reputation
of maverick, a trait that showed
in his first congressional cam
paign "a years ago when he de-
nounced the Ku Klux Khan in
Texas, then Khan stronghold,
and won anyhow. He's been max
ing his own decisions ever since.
Mr.. Patman brings to the Bank
ing panel a clear set of principles.
The committee will probably not
only move to the left but become
a much more lively forum under
his rule.
In the Patman demonology, all
the heroes are little fellows and
all the villains big. Almost from
the outset of his "a years In Con-
gress, he has fought continuously
for the little businessman the