davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
They Will Never Walk Out

In view Of what happened in New
York City not long ago, it is reassuring
to hear from spokesman for the Ma
tional Education Association pledge by
It's teacher-members that they will
keep their word and they will never
walk out on their students" What hap
pened in New York City was a strike
by unionized teachers in defiance Of the
Board Of Education and, furthermore,
IN violation Of State law forbidding
such strike.
In vigorous speech to the NEA at
its convention in Denver, DR.. william
G. Carr, executive secretary Of the or
ganization, declared that the NEA is at
turning point" in its century-old
career. He said that as a nationwide
drive to unionize teachers gains head
way, the NEA members face a grave
challenge to their professional indie
pendence"-a status which the NEA
has guarded jealousy for many years.
There are indications, he said, that
organized labor will use It's considerable
economic and political power to affiliate
the teaching corps Of the Nation"
Referring to the New York City
strike, DR.. Carr said he believed the
AFL-CIO allotted about $5O0,0O0 to
achieve its detectives among the
teachers of New York City alone" with
the Auto Workers, the Amalgamated
Clothing Workers, the Ladies Garment
Workers and other unions supporting
the teachers union. Public reaction to
the teachers strike, he stressed, was
highly critical"
DR.. Carr summed up the MEAS
fortnight stand this way: ITO support
an independent professional status for
educational service carries with it no
implications of hostility toward organ
lied labor in general Labor's achieve
ments for industrial workers are i'm
preSsive, but a public school is not a
factory. American teachers must remain
free and independent of entangling al
lianceS with any one group in society"
Those are sentiments with which, we
are convinced, most teachers and citi-
zens generally will agree.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
THE PASSING SCENE
Nelson RockefeIIer's Strategy
BY WILLIAM S. WHIT

the relatively conservative
candidate. It Is not incon-
ceivable that he might. should
the G. o. P. nominee turn
out to be Mr.. Rockefeller.
For a Democrat takes q
far greater risk than a Re-
publican in deliberately say
ing good-by to the South.
Though the old predictably
Democratic Solid South" is
only a memory, Republican
tactics still by and large as
sumo that anything gained
in the South in a presiden-
tial year is only a windfall.
Democratic tactics still must
and do assume that anything
lost in the South is some
thing of a disaster.
Moreover, a Democratic
President must deal with
congressional com mittees
which, when the Democrats
control Congress, are in the
hands of powerful Southern
chairmen. A Democrat. in
short, usually must have the
consent of at least part Of
the South to win. And al
ways he must have the tacit
consent of most of the South
really to be able to govern.
For a Republican neither pre-
condition necessarily prevails.
Professionally Brilliant
Of this central fact Mr..
Rockefeller is clearly aware.
But the more his hand has
been disclosed the more one
sees the orthodox Republicans
stirring in unhappiness and
- already in anger. Far
more than they fear Mr.. Ken
nedy, they fear what they call
me too" Republicanism-the
adoption by Republican cam
didates Of essentially Demo-
cratic attitudes.
Mr.. Rockefeller's pre-con-
vention campaign to date has
been professionally brilliant.
First he secured his right
flank as far as possible by
gestures to conservative Re-
publicans. Now he reaches
out to the left for the city
crowds which. in both parties,
form the hard core of Ameri-
can liberalism.
Brilliant as his maneuvers
may have been, however, one
thing is certain. If he con-
tinues to identify himself
primarily with urban liberal
ism, the orthodox Republic
cans will do their notable
best to build an unbreach-
able wall of separation be-
tween him and the presiden-
tial nomination.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
Good Work in Mexico

Your editorial, Good Work
in Mexico" tells half the
story. All Mexican news
papers are commenting upon
the wonderful effect Of Mrs.
Kennedy's words and works.
We who heard her Spanish
on television just were en-
chanted with the First Lady's
diction and voice. 1t is a
pity that she cannot be the
Secretary of State; it is a
pity that we are deprived by
custom Of having her and
Mrs. Khrushchev handle the
international problems that
men are unable to cope with.
We could add Madame de
Gaulle who is likewise very
much Of a lady. The word
has been around for many
years that men are smarter
than women, but women are
much more intelligent; and
this is what the world needs
intelligence in high places
rather than Smartness.
The Communists of Mexico
never had a chance against
the radiant good will of our
First Lady as we'll as the sin
certify and understanding Of
our President. Whenever the
Latin peoples are met with
good will and understanding
Of their cultures and dignity,
they generally respond. Let
us lay aside, therefore, the
aloofness, superiority and
craftiness that have charac-
terized our relations with
Latin America. We must re-
member that words like dig
nifty. culture, sympathy.
which sound so strange in
our language have, among the
Latin peoples, meanings full
Of good will and humanity;
and the maturity which is of
the essence Of Mediterranean
civilization. They take the
place of our words efficiency,
pragmatism and results"
Joseph /. Puente.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
st. Clements Island

The Star OF June Is car
ried a news story concerning
the acquisition of st. Gle
ment'S Island by the State of
Maryland, wherein Governor
Tawes attempts to justify his
ridiculous proposal to turn
the island into q sanctuary
for geese. Such use Of this
historic spot is no less than
dissertation. Is the spot where
the first Maryland Pilgrims
landed and took formal pos
session any less sacred than
jamestown or Plym o u t h
Rock? To this we can add
proudly, here was established
religious freedom for the first
time in the whole wide world"
as was stated by Bancroft, the
historian. Maryland recog-
nized this belatedly in 1884
by erecting a commemorative
cross, and surely this action
gives first claim to the island
as a shrine, not as a bird
sanctuary.
Further, from a practical
viewpoint joint use Of the is
land as a historical monu-
ment and a sanctuary for
wild geese is impossible
and one doesn't have to be
an expert on wildlife conser-
walton to know this. Visitors
would frighten the geese. so
the natural next step would
be mo visitors" And who ever
heard of Cd a 30-acre sane
tuary for wild geese and (2)
that in q heavily travelled
waterway used daily through
out the year by fishermen
and oyStermen?
The proposed action is
justified on the basis that
this was the only way to get
free possession Of the island.
When millions of dollars are
being spent annually on parks
through the State is Mary
land so poor that a few thou
sand cannot be spent to per-
petuate the memory of the
greatest event in its history?
I think not. Nor am I con-
WINGED that satisfactory ar
rangements could not be
made with the Federal Gov
eminent through further ne
gotiationS with persons Of
higher authority.
Edwin w. Bethel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Battle of Jewish Underground
By DONALD MIMI

terial is too slight and some
times too confused to join
these miscellaneous accounts
into a single, lucid history.
Abbrevations go unexplained
and sometimes the reader
must infer the times and
places of the reported events.
THE ACCOUNT Of the up
risings of the Warsaw ghetto
in January and April, 1943,
is the clearest. A large
number Of reports has been
joined to form a reasonably
consistent narrative. And 1t
goes without saying that the
evocation Of time and place
is unparalleled.
The story Of the action Of
the forest = based partisan
groups inevitably raises the
question of the Soviet I'm
ions attitude towards these
groups, many Of which fought
under the command of So
Wet officers even when they
were distinctly anti Commu-
mist. It is plain that the Jew
ish groups were sometimes
aided by the Soviets and some
times not. 1t is also plain
that Soviet policy sought to
aSSimilate Jewish partisans so
that there would be no such
thing as a Jewish under
ground per Sc. And it seems
likely that the Soviet atti-
tude was conditioned by anti
Semitism as well as by policy
considerations.
One could hardly expect
the reports of fighting men
to contain coherent informa-
ton about such matters. But
it is hard to see why Mr..
Barkai has not been more
thorough in setting the stage
for these reports.
The last part of the book,
which deals with the death
camps, is not what one would
call pleasant reading. But
it is probably the most i'm
portant. For horrid as we
may find it. we need to be
reminded of the ease with
which human beings can
slide into mechanical saw.
agery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
Birth of q Nation

As we once more celebrate
our Nations birthday. per-
hapS we might pause a mo-
ment and ponder the purpose
of q nation, as expressed by
Phillips Brooks.
In 1880, when Mr.. Brooks
was at the height Of his fame,
he was invited to preach in
Westminster Abbey. He was
the first American to be 50
honored, and by an interest
ing coincidence his sermon
was delivered on the Fourth
Of July. And at the close of
his sermon he added these
words:
IF I dare-generously per-
mitted as I am to stand this
evening in the venerable Alb
hey, so full Of our history as
we'll as yours-to claim that
our festival shall have some
sacredneSS for you as well as
us, my claim rests on the
simple truth that to all true
men the birthday Of a nation
must always be a sacred
thing. For in our modern
thought the nation is the
making place Of men. Not by
the traditions of its history,
nor by the splendor of its
corporate achievements, nor
by the abstract excellencies
of its constitution. but by its
fitness to make men, to be-
get and educate human char
acter, to contribute to the
complete humanity the per-
feet man that Is to be-by
this alone each nation must
be judged today"
Mill Nh NR--NE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04

In his search for the 1864
Republican presidential NOM
nation Gov. Nelson Rookie
Teller Of New York Is now
openly selling for his own
what has been the most basic
national Democratic cam
paign strategy since Franklin
D. Roosevelt.
This Is an inSistent ap-
peal, overriding nearly all
other considerations. to mi
nority groups and to the big
cities which so strongly in
fluence both the nomination
and election Of any presiden-
tial contender.
Mr.. Rockefeller's whole ef-
fort at the 1862 Governors
Conference - a traditional
place for high politicking-
has been in three related d.
rections:
/. To become the special
champion Of the urban CEN
ters-and more as a biparti-
san friend of the city fellow
than as a partisan leader.
This he has done by charg-
ing the Kennedy administra-
ton with Federal aid policies
which "shortchange the heav-
lily urbanized regions"
2. To become an unrivaled
pleader for civil rights. Here
he has demanded programs
so extreme as almost auto
matically to write off not only
all the South but also, in all
probability, most of the Dor
der States as well. (The Or
thodox Republicans actually
don't like this program, ell
ther, though they rarely say
as much in public.D
8. To go far beyond the
general Republican position
on medical care for the aged.
Here he has accepted the
Democratic principle, so long
resisted by the congressional
Republicans, of health in
surance based on the COM
pulsory tax system.
Liberal" Contest
What Mr.. Rockefeller is do
ing, assuming he is able to
win the G. o. P. nomination.
is to challenge President Ken
nedy head-on to a 1864 presi-
Dental ampaign which
would amount to a contest as
to who could be more lib
eral" among the urban vot-
ing blocs. All political con-
servatism, and indeed all
moderation. would be left on
q pretty thin diet unless
as odd as this may now sound
Mr.. Kennedy should run in
fact II not by admission as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
FoHout Victims

I read with some alarm an
article on The Stars front
page which predicted that in
the United States next year
less than two hundred addi-
tional birth malformations
will result from atomic fall
out. I have been expecting
some editorial comment on
this either by the editors or
readers. but none has been
forthcoming. This is even
more alarming. for since
when have we become so cal
loused that the welfare of any
number Of human beings can
be dismissed?
william E. Vincent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04

Our freedoms are indeed in
danger when highly educated
men who. although scien-
tifically trained, dare for
selfish reasons to depart from
the standards Of objectivity
to which their profession
commits them and proceed
by antiquities. hypocritical
objections. vague illusions,
generalities. untruths, half
truths, exaggerations and
emotional and unprofession-
ally dramatic tactics to Gre
ate the confusion we are wit
Messing today in the Ameri-
can Medical Associations OPP
position to Medicare.
The ANA might well con-
slider the wolf wolf" fable.
The doctors properly fear So
cialized medicine and we're
quite sure the general Amer
lean public has no desire for
its high cost, inefficiency or
its inherent danger that mi
nority elements in control of
a Government bureaucracy
might be able to force their
standards of medical moral
ity in the controversial area
of eugenics which include
abortion, artificially induced
sterilization, abnor a lily
planned parenthood. human
experimentation. artificial
dissemination. and so-called
mercy killing.
But unfortunately the re-
dictionary opposition Of the
extreme right might bring to
pass the very eugenic falla-
cies Of the extreme left which
the average American fears.
And this danger Is intensi-
fled by a continuing and
senseless attitude from that
extreme right which runs
down over the years. To illus
trate: Back in the 1930s sur
veys conducted by a COM
mittee Of the ANA and
others gave objective EVIL
dence Of the inability Of low
income families to meet the
cost Of adequate medical
care. A group Of doctors
countered that absence Of
proper medical care was due
to money being spent on
movies. radios, gin and gam
bling. And in 1884, the ANA
went on record as condemn
ing not only compulsory
health insurance but volun-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04

astrophic" $4,000 policy
costing STA per annum per
person and including $1,000
nursing home care but with
a $500 deductible feature
and coverage limited to "a Of
the hospital bill is very good
but not for the couple with
50 500 annual income, which
is about all most older
couples have. Can they af-
ford to pay 1928 each year,
nearly 10 per cent Of their
income, on the gamble that
they may have a large hos
pital bill? Can the ANA
honestly take the stand that
this couple can afford to pay
10 per cent Of their income
for possibly only Is per cent
of their medical needs when
we include drugs. dentistry,
home care, nursing and
other uncovered costs?
Health insurance is a busi-
ness. not a philanthropy.
High risk requires high cost.
1t is to the credit Of our self
respecting older people that
so many of them carry in
surance but it does not fol-
low that they can afford it.
The ANA through its
spokesman. DR.. Annis, gives
the medical profession credit
for inreased longevity but
fails to understand that their
progress creates problems.
The problems won't go away
if we ignore them any more
than the cancerous growth.
To the extent that we fail to
study and find conservative
solutions We will truly do an
injustice to the young and
invite far more radical de-
partures.
James C. and Mary L.
Bernhard.
4 y
AS reported in the June 10
issue of The Star, Premier
Khrushchev said: IT am con-
WINGED that tomorrow the Red
flag will fly over the United
States. But we will not fly
the flag; it will be the Amer
lean people themselves"
A vote for the King-Ander-
son bill will be a concrete
step in the direction of estab-
fishing a socialist economy.
Lenin said that the first step
in socializing industry would
be to socialize medicine.
Thomas E. Haggerty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used il
letters carry iDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSa-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed.
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04

tary group insurance as well.
Today, Mediocre is not So
cialized medicine. 1t simply
insures the larger part Of
hospital and nursing home
care-about Is per cent of
the total cost of medical care
among the aged. The bill paid
must be certified by the pa
tents doctor. Like Blue
Cross the Government enters
into contracts with the insti-
tutions in reference to cost
schedules which appears quite
normal and proper. But ANA
spokesman allude vaguely to
dictatorial bureaucratic dan
gers in this. Now when it
comes to hospital manage
ment and practice the doc
tor is the expert and If in
truth there Is not adequate
protection here the ANA
should spell it out clearly and
specifically. The AMA's fail
ure to do so indicates that
Mediocre is as conservatively
written in reference to the
hospitals as it is where it APP
plies to the patient and to
the taxpayer. On this ques-
ton the hospitals and nurs-
ing homes remain strangely
silent.
But instead of consider
ing the medical merits, the
ANA expresses concern for
the social security taxpayer.
His burden at most would be
$13 a year, $585 over his As
productive years-for which
he would have in the end a
certain amount Of paid-up
health insurance. If the
ANA backed Kerr-Mills bill
should ever become really
adequate-the poor taxpayer
will pay much more through
increases in States taxes and
possibly never be eligible for
its benefits or ever find his
personal responsibility to his
own people eased.
The ANA asserts there is
no need for Medicare-that
the possibility Of heavy med
ical expense is met by pri-
vate insurance. This is not
necessarily true. There are
good policies available but
all the older policies do not
have good coverage. There is
little peace of mind in a $500
basic" hospital policy cost
ing $72 a year. A new cat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04

THE FIGHTING GHET-
TOS, translated and edited
by Meyer Barkai. 407 pp..
end-paper maps. q. B. Lip
pincott Co.; $6.95.)
Today we celebrate free
dom attained. Meyer Bar
kai's THE Fighting Ghettos"
is about a freedom for which
people fought against an
overwhelming superior and
collosal foe. Only a very few
succeeded as individuals and
these successes were largely
fortuitous. Yet in q sense
call 1t historical or mystical
these brave men and wom-
en- we're victorious.
The Eichmann trial has
again recalled Hitler's mad
policy Of efficient genocide
and the resultant death of 6
million people.
The Fighting Ghettos"
celebrates not the vast ma
jority who went passively to
the death camps and gas
chambers but those few who
threw off the commonly held
Interpretation of religious
heritage and historical mis-
sion and fought back.
The book is composed Of
reports on their activities
written by a large number Of
members of the Jewish I'M
foreground in Poland, Lithu-
ania and the western part Of
the Soviet Union. Some Of
the writers are not men,
toned at all in the biogra-
phical sketches at the back
of the book. Many of those
mentioned are dead though
their reports have survived
in one way or another. A few
are living in West Europe.
the United States or Israel.
NOBODY EXPECTS the re-
ports Of underground fighters
to be literary. But they should
succeed in conveying a sense
of immediacy.
They do this. Mr.. Barkai's
introductions are the work
Of a professional writer. But
his translations-from which
languages we are not told
preserve the sense Of every
day speech:
After the 1912 summer
harvest we prepared to wreck
the huge German granaries
The Germans had taken over
the great estates and most OF
the kolkhoz farms, and they
had plowed and planted the
fields for themselves. The
year had been a good one
the yield was large and the
barns were full. Why should
we leave food for them? The
small farmer, all right. Let
him have it; and also we
would provide for ourselves
But the big estates were all
in the hands of the enemy
and their fate was decided:
We would burn them down. u
The Fighting Ghettos" is
an attempt to offer at one
time a history of Jewish re-
sistance to the Nazis in east
Europe and a document book
providing both raw informa-
ton and a powerful recrea-
ton Of the events which took
place.
The book Is divided into
three sections dealing with
resistance in the ghettos
themselves, in the forests
from which partisan groups
operated and in the death
camps themselves in which
there was an occasional re-
volt.
But the Introductory ma
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-04
Answers to Questions
nv THE HASKTN SEPvTCr

A reader can get an answer, By
mail, to any question OF fact By
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau. 6S6 y street NV. WASHINGTON
age or self-sddressed. stamped
envelope
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1962-09-21
Africa At A Glance
PEACE CORPS


A1onrova Liberia (ANP)Ninetyour Of
Corps begun teaching provinces territories and
counties of Liberia Burlington college the University of Liberia
the eouns two institutions of higher learning also has been some
YOUTH CLUBS
Ibadan Nigeria Ap)-An American expert on community
velopment youth assisting Ngerans
vopment of youth clubs and youth training The American
Dovnhan Nations
Region before
coming Nigeria spent six Meco community develop
worker with the American Friends Service Committee
sSRD MEMBER
United Nations CrJP)-TOgo tiny country
sanhed between chana and Dahoev has become the esrd mem
Development
dollars IDA The IDA affiliate
World specialized of the United Nations IDA
credits economic development projects in
developing countries.
STUDENT
a large Liberia and
the college fall the school
its first female student from Liberia She is Cornea
Holder of BensOnve Liberia 1851 graduate of Booker Washington
instu a major secretarial
PRESIDENTIAL CONFERENCE
Washington (ANP)-Press
Washington given the opportunity to attend President
Department auditorium their attendance was arranged jointly by the
Institute the White House Press Office and the
Public Affairs division of the State Department
NIGER DAM BILL
(ANP) Ngeran House of Representatives
passed bill establish the 10 million dollar
building Federal
biggest projects cous 1962s Develop
ment Plan The Prime Minister Sir Abubaar Tawa Baea said
authority
Niger Authority to Prime Minister
responsibility making policies authority controlling
MULTIPLE CURRENCIES
Dakar Senegal ANP)-The tendency multiple
criticized
A. CSA here last
said the tendency
to sowing division
DRINKING WATER
Accra, CANP)-Good drinking
than three million
in the economic SURVEY for 1851 lust published by the Central Bureau
wells holes completed the year
MEMBER
Washington ANP)Morocco become the 65th
Agreement
corporation signed behalf the Government Morocco
Ambassador subscription
shares with
Repubc with
subscription dollars Joined