davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
Trade War in Steel

Statistical estimates published re-
Gently by the American Iron and Steel
Institute indicate that the competitive
troubles which have plagued our own
steel industry for the past several years
are likely to get worse before they get
better
They show, for example, that in
1862 foreign producers are planning to
spend the equivalent of SIS billion for
new and improved facilities-an invest
ment calculated not only to raise pro-
ductive capacity but, potentially at least,
also to reduce costs per production unit
OF this total, partners in the European
Coal and Steel Community have budg-
eted about 81 billion for plant invest
ment, with other West European nations
scheduling an added $700 million. An
other major free-world competitor, ia
pan, has announced plans for record
breaking steel investment program to
cost $3.50 million. Behind the Iron Cur
tain, it is estimated that the Soviet
Union will put 81 billion into expanding
its steel industry, with other East Euro
pean nations committing another $500
million.
At the beginning of this year, the
American steel industry estimated costs
of its capital Improvements program at
$1.3 billion-contingen to an important
degree upon ability to earn adequate
profits as source of investment funds.
Thus far, the profits picture shows i'm
provement over 1861 but has not
matched the early part of 1860 It has
been clouded further by the unsuccess-
full effort to raise steel prices, while
production costs have been rising since
1859. 1t was in that year, of course, that
the long steel strike brought a Signif-
icant change in world Steel-trade pat
ternS-the United States becoming a
large importer for the first time in
modern industrial history. Simultane-
ouSly, expansion and improvement of
foreign facilitieS-many of which were
modern postwar plants to begin with
helped to cut down on our own steel
markets abroad.
Research in new products and new
uses for steel, as we'll as in new produc-
ton techniques, has high priority in
most of the American steel industry. It's
overseas rivals, however, are lacking
neither in aggreSsiveness nor in inge-
nuity. And in the market place, both
at home and abroad, the competition is
tough and getting tougher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
So Sorry!

Francis E. TwiSs, the District traf-
fic director, says he is "sorry" about the
mammoth rush-hour traffic Jams on
independence avenue this week.
He's not half as sorry, however, as
the thousands of motorists, who, follow
Ing their customary commuter routes,
suddenly found themselves helplesslv
and hopeleSSly enmeShed in a snarl of
cars and trucks which at times stretched
Solidly from the Capitol to the Lincoln
Memorial Under the circumstances
there was nothing to do but sit and stew,
which they did.
Nor did it help for Mr. TwiSS to say
that the tie-up resulted from road con-
Struction which is part of the overall
traffic Improvement program" Is this
supposed to cheer up the traffic mixed
motoriSt as he contemplateS the day
when things might be better? Obviously
the re-routing of traffic and the closing
OF lanes on independence avenue had
something to do with new construction,
which, unless the Highway Department
is totally incompetent, will have some
ultimate benefit.
The point is that no matter how es-
sential this work might be, it's immediate
effects on traffic were foreSeeable. Is
it too much to ask that the Highway
Department give motorists adequate
and specific public warning in such
instances, so that they at least may
seek alternate routes to avoid the tenn
pOrary trouble spot?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22

employed upward of three
million, nearly as many as
are unemployed in the Unit
ed States, paying upward of
ST billion to foreigners in
wages. A lot of their output
was shipped back to the
United States. further tax
ing our gold supply.
Dislocation 4: Failure to
protect our gold supply, hold
down balance of payments.
The first three dislocations
all contribute to this. In ad-
dition Federal spending to
raise Federal employees sala-
ries, welfare statism, and
loose fiscal policies of the
administration have further
weakened confidence in the
dollar.
IF any two or three of
these diSlocations were rene
died." one economist said,
very likely the market would
cease to go down, bottom out,
and later on climb again.
Particularly would this be
true if we used our billions
in foreign aid expenditures,
to help our own millions
who are out of work, and who
would spend these taxpayers
dollars in the United States
where, of course, they be-
long"
Charles P. BeaZIey.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
Horossed Housewife

The notice in the brown envelope
from the Internal Revenue Service was
to the effect that the lady of the house
had forgotten or had otherwise neg
lected to pay the maids Social Security
tax for the quarter ended 3/31/62."
And it's good thing that Mr.. Mortimer
M. Caplin was not within hearing range
when the implications of this finally
sank in.
In the first place, the suggestion of
certain untidiness in managing the
business affairs of the household was
bitterly resented: Secondly, for one
whose check book almost never balances,
an appalling problem was raised by
the following stern sentence: Your
return should be submitted with remit
lance covering the tax due plus interest
computed at 6 per cent per annum from
the due date of the return" How in the
world is mere woman supposed to
figure out how much per cent of $1875
for SO days amounts to? Finally, the
notice concluded on the ominouS note
that liability for a penalty may be
incurred unless the late filing was due
to an acceptable reasonable cause" Did
this reference to penalty mean an
other foredoomed arithmetical tilt?
And what in heavens name is an "ac-
ceptable reasonable cause?
Mr.. Caplin may not know it, and
he may not even care, but there is
someone in this country who has a
very poor opinion of the Government
in general and of his department in
particular.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
Economists Diagnose Stock Market Ills

Just after the May bust in
stocks I was privileged to
hear economics professors
discuss probable underlying
causes. Though teachers in
Washington universities, they
are often called on as con-
sultants. A Sold-out bull my
self, I lent a close ear.
They agreed that contrary
to Federal officialdom's ap-
praisal for public consump-
ton, favorable economic or
business news of the day sell
dom affects the market, al
though unfavorable surprises
like the outbreak of war or
Eisenhower's heart attack do
drive it down.
THE market discounts now
what the future effects of to-
days economic dislocations
or actions will have on the
status Of our national econo-
my a year to 18 months
hence" an economist said.
"A year ago the market pre-
dicted business would be
good, production, consump-
ton up in the spring of 1862.
Now, it is pointing to the
next II to 18 monthS!"
Asked what diSlocations or
actions the market is dis
counting for the future, one
of Adam Smiths disciples
gave them as follows:
Dislocation /: The move by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
A BOOK FOR TO-DAY
TV:: The Great Time-KiIIer'
By DONALD MINTZ

program content regardless
of the various formal ar
rangementS among sponsor,
producer and network.
Mr.. Mehling also discusses
the economics of the indus
try, its reliance on ratings
and the manner in which
these are produced, and the
curious nature of the de-
lenses television offers in its
own behalf. Of course, there
is a section on the great
quiz show scandals. But Mr..
Mehling realizes that nasty as
these were, their Importance
was essentially symbolic.
YET THERE is MUCH
ABOUT THE BOOK that is
unsatisfactory. Mr.. Mehling
insists that the public de-
serves better television than
it gets. He claims that bad
programs are not really as
popular as all that. But he
also says that the American
Broadcasting Co. gained its
present strong competitive
position by offering an end
less string of just those pro-
grams that he condem INNS
most heartily.
There is an answer to this.
In fact there are quite a
number of possible answers,
but they do not appear in
the book. For Mr.. Mehling,
despite his initial recognition
of the mass entertainment
nature of TV, does not really
discriminate among programs
of the same general type. He
does not seem willing to con-
cede in effect that Hercule
Poirot and Mike Hammer are
more than incidentally differ
ent from one another.
The suggestions regarding
means for improvement are
neither substantial nor put
forth with much hope. Mr..
Mehling feels that, Newton
MinnoW Notwithstanding, it
is vain to expect much from
the FEC. He barely mentions
educational TV which, con-
Sidering the budget restric-
tons under which it generally
operates. is not as unjust as
first appears.
He never looks abroad at
the various solutions worked
out in other democratic coun-
tries. Mr.. Mehling is wise in
the ways of show business and
TV. His book would have been
better had he refined his
thought, but it would have
been far poorer had he
curbed his anger. Perhaps
European television will show
him possible ways out of the
dilemma and give us land
him) another book.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
GIover-ArchboId Park

regarding your editorial
on "Mr. Mansfield's Park"
do you really think the SEN
ator could have taken the
Senate along with him" Just
to protect his personal inter-
ests? Senator Mansfield, and
the Senate, are responding to
public outcry against de-
spelling one Of the few re-
manning woodlands in WASH
ington. This move has the
support of Secretary Udall of
the Interior Department, the
National Park Service, con-
Servation groups, other citi-
zen groups and many, many
individuals. The National
Park Service has estimated
that the kind of freeway pro-
posed for Glover-Archbold
Park would occupy nearly
half the area of this init
mate little bit of woodland.
And motorists Scooting
through to get downtown or
home wouldn't be able to
slow down and enjoy the
scenery. Finally. the donors
gave the land for park pur-
poses, not for a highway.
More thought to a mass
transportation system and
less to highways to speed
more automobiles to an al
ready choked downtown area
would be more to the point
than promoting the invasion
of parks.
Christopher M. Granger.
You have not served the
public interest with your per-
sistent insistence on the de-
struction of the Glover-Arch-
bold Park. If a highway we're
put through the park, as you
advocate. that would be the
end of the park. Your pro-
feSSion that this would not
be the case only indicates
that your writer has never
visited the area and knows
nothing about it. The park
which, incidentally. was do
mated on the condition that
it be kept in its natural state,
is very narrow. 1t constructs
to little more than a hun
dred feet in places. A road
of any number of lanes would
completely destroy it as the
superb unspoiled area it
now is.
Your reference to Senator
Mansfield in connection with
Glover-Archbold is as unfair
a thing as have ever known
The Star to do. You imply
that his interest in the area
is selfish because he happens
to live near it. The fact is
that Senator Mansfield has a
long and consistent record of
concern on the matter of
conservation. This record ex-
tends back through his en-
tire career in Congress. In
view of his excellent record
on conservation one would
expect Senator Mansfield to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
Fears Welfare State

If only Americans would
take the priceless "hints"
presented to them daily in
the news reports, they would
stand up on their feet like
true thinking men, and take
the path away from the
tyranny of welfare-state-so-
cialism which, because it's
ways are subtle. seems to be-
dazzle many of us.
One such hint" lies in the
story of the East Germans
who, a few days ago, dug
themselves and an infant
through a filled tunnel to
freedom. They had no light,
almost no air. no food, and
only a soup spoon and some
in trume en- IS one usually
wouldn't choose for such a
job. But they reached their
goal-the freedom Of the
West after a. terror-filled
night.
Such current flights from
slavery. at the risk of death
and torture, are graphic ex-
positions that any hardship
is more bearable than the
Communist-socialiSt slavery
which people are made to en-
dure under the Soviets.
If Americans have the
brains they were born with
God-given to conquer life
with His help-we will all
ponder these invaluable
hints" and reject the well
fare-state- socialism which is
being presented as something
new in legislative proposals
but which is the deadly stuff
of slavery, disguised.
Geraldine BerryhiII.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tOriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSG-
ton. Those not used Wiu be
returned only phen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
THE GREAT TIME-KILLE

Dy harold Menllng. (WOrld
Publishing Co.; $4.95.D
Harold Mehling does not
merely dislike television. He
is outraged by it. And he
considers that its tire
structure is in essence
fraudulent.
THE Great Time killer"
is the expression of this feel
ing. 1t can be dismissed as
a mere TRADE, and doubtless
it will be. But it is we'll docu-
mented and very skillfully
written. 1t deserves atten-
ton.
Mr.. Mehling, a former
newspaperman, does not OBJ
ject to television because it
is a mass medium of popu-
lar entertainment. He objects
primarily because that enter
tainment is not offered for
its own sake, as it generally
was in the dim, pre-elec-
tronic past, but because it is
manipulated as a means to
sell goods.
At the FEC hearings of
recent memory, &C. Terence
Clyne, a veteran ad man,
testified that the object of
broadcasting was to create as
pleasant and favorable an
impression on the part of as
large an audience as possible
for the company or product
sponsoring the program
Clyne had explained earlier
that you may have a situa-
ton where a large corpora
ton is expending a lot of
dollars to bring entertain
ment to the viewer, and this
corporation does not desire
to bring such entertainment
that, when it's all over, the
viewer is pretty sad and de-
pressed about the state of the
world. E. >"
THIS is BACKED UP BY
SOME REMARKABLE inter-
office memos that found
their way into the commits
sion's hearings. Broadcast
ers and advertisers find it
hard to remember that TV
channels are public property
which they are licensed to
use.
The corruption that results
from sponsor control of pro-
gram content is made clear.
It's extent would be difficult
to believe had we not been
prepared by news reports of
FEC and congressional hear
ings on the subject. And it
is hard to dispute Mr..
Meetings. contention that
sponsors do indeed control
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
THE WORLD:
France and the Atom-H
By CROSBY S. MOVE.
Foreign Correspondent Of The Stor

At the same time it always
has been clear enough that
the significance Of the
French nuclear effort has
been political rather than
purely military. For for
mer Premier Michel Debre,
who still reflects very &C
curately the thinking of Gen.
de Gaulle in these matters,
this quite simply means for
France ito participate in the
security of the whole with
the weight justified by its
contribution" In other
words it is a means Of in
creasing the role of France
within the alliance rather
than its independence of it.
Nor. it would seem, are the
French under any illusions
when it comes to the military
side of the picture.
I'VE are the first to know"
Mr.. Couve de Murville told
the National Assembly re-
Gently, that the effort Gin
nuclear development) will
not be sufficient to guarantee
our security and that of Eu-
rope. Between the different
factors. European and Amer
lean, there is a division to
be made and a new equilib-
rum to be established"
II French leaders accept
and indeed insist on-co-ordi-
nation of their own nuclear
force with that of the West as
a whole, however, it does not
mean a formula for accom-
pliShing this is going to be
easily found.
France Unlikely to Accept
Given the circumstances
under which it will have been
developed, there is little likeli-
hood the French will accept
the same restraints that the
British accepted in return
for lavish American help in
developing their own weap-
onS.
Close Indignation of forces,
warning systems and COM
municationS that automat-
ically rules out the "independ-
ent" use of British nuclear
force would be all but impoS-
sible to duplicate in the case
of France.
Nor need there be any
wishful thinking about a So
luton within the NATO
framework along lines pro-
posed so far. A NATO deter
rent remaining effectively
under the control of the
United States is of little in
tereSt in France or anywhere
else. 1t is certainly no sub
Stitute for the national ca
pability that Gen. de Gaulle
wants. And it is hardly a
promising answer to the
problem of co-ordinating this
force with an overall West
ern defense once it is created.
The answer - which may
take months and even pos
Sibly years to work out
almost certainly lies along
the line so far least explored.
The developing unity of
Europe and particularly the
entry of Britain, a nuclear
power, into the European
Common Market leads logi-
cally to speculation about the
possibility of a European nu-
clear deterrent of which the
French contribution would be
an integral part.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
PARIS.

EAfb4O.
Two points Of major i'm
portance have emerged from
the visit of Secretary Of State
Rusk to Paris.
The first is that the Sec
rotary Of State at long last
has come to accept the de-
velopment of a French nu-
clear force as inevitable.
The second is that Mr..
Rusk has been treasured in
the course of his visit here
that this force, once created,
will not necessarily be a
menace to the NATO alliance
as a whole.
This does not mean that
American policy toward the
French nuclear effort is likely
to change soon. The opposi-
ton of the administration to
the proliferation of nuclear
weapons involves factors that
go far beyond the French
problem. And there is still no
prospect Of American help FOR
the project which French
President de Gaulle has set
for his country.
What it does mean is that
the Secretary of State-if not
the administration as a whole
has moved beyond the
negative attitudes expressed
by Secretary of Defense Nc
Namara as recently as last
S a turday. Acceptance of
French nuclear power as a
fact that must be reckoned
with-instead of merely de-
plored-iS a major step for
ward that opens the way to a
positive approach to the
problem.
The key to this change
evidently lies in what Mr..
Mcnamara had to say about
the evils Of Limited nuclear
capabilities operating indie
pendently." These forces, &C
cording to the Secretary Of
Defense, would be danger
Gus. expensive, prone to OBJ
solescence and lacking in
credibility as a deterrent"
Quite obviously the French
nuclear force will be limited
in its capabilities. The great
question on which Mr.. RuSk
apparently has received some
reinsurance in the course Of
his trip here is whether or
not 1t villas Mr.. McNa-
mara seemed to fear-oper-
ate independently of the
overall Western defense.
Assurances Not Specific
These assurances, to be
sure. were not very specific.
According to some reports,
a proposal that eventually
French forces should be CO.
ordinated with British and
American nuclear power was
turned aside as premature by
French Foreign Minister
Couve de Murville. At the
same time enough was said
to send Mr.. Rusk on his way
in a much more relaxed mood
than when he arrived.
This is not altogether sur
prising. From the beginning
the fear of an independent"
French deterrent has been
based on Gen. de Gaulle's in
sistence on the need for
France developing "its own"
means of defense as we'll as
his independent attitude
toward the military command
of NATO and the commit
ment of French troops to the
alliance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
'Merrywood Deaf

Congratulations on your
front-page article giving the
background Of the Merry
wood Deal" 1t is a fine
case of reporting and clearly
shows how a few public Off
Gals act for personal gain
without regard for the in
tereSt of their constituents.
My best wishes to the peo-
pie of Mclean with the hope
that they will be successful
in preserving the quiet living
which they now have and to
which they are entitled.
Michael c. Grenata.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22

One of the greatest ironieS
Of American civilization is
that, as we have spent mil
lions scientifically to clean up
ourselves with the aid of
modern plumbing, antisepticS,
detergents and deodorants,
we have simultaneously so
polluted our environment that
it is rapidly becoming unin-
habitable by any form of life
except our own.
AS anyone who travels the
streets Of our city knows.
there is no stencil equal to
the exhaust of the diesel
powered D. c. Transit bus
which progress" dictated to
replace our obsolescent cleo
trio street car. But D. C..
Transit is by no means the
worst or only offender. Every
diesel truck and intercity bus
travelling our beautiful
throughways and clogging
our avenues vents its peculi-
arly malodorouS salute to hu-
man sense, and our own pri-
vate conveyanceS each adds
its little stink to the air we
breathe. We will tolerate any
thing, apparently, that is use
ful and profitable.
/ should like to allocate a
portion of my annual giving
to some organization as seri-
ously devoted to fighting
smog as the Cancer Society
is to its objective.
Roy p. B;;sler.
s. A
We may assume that ex-
haust fumes are a contribu-
tory cause of some forms of
cancer, Just as cigarette
smoking is, but it has not
been proved to the satiSfac-
ton of most members of the
medical profession. T h r e
would appear to be an I'M
usually high percentage of
deaths by heart failure in this
area among persons between
IS and so. 1t is again possible
that carbon monoxide fumes
from cars and buses, when
compressed into the invisible
smog we frequently enjoy
here, are fatal to some and
not fatal to others. This was
true some years ago in
Pennsylvania and England,
when poison smog proved
fatal.
1t is not true that buses
provide the best urban trans
portation. They are obsolete,
uncomfortable and danger
Gus. The transit companies
need hot go out of business;
they just have to switch from
buses to rails. Not so many
years ago it was possible to
travel from Washington to
any point of the compass by
rail. and have a seat. You
could ride west as far as
Bluemont. south to Mount
Vernon, north to Kensington
and even Annapolis. You
could take a trolley to Cabin
John and hike back down the
towpath, or up to Great Falls.
You could even travel from
Rosslyn to Great Falls by rail
on the Virginia side.
We don't need nuclear war;
fare to destroy humanity; we
are doing it by buses, slowly
John C. Rogers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-22
"A LoophoIe Closed

With the signing into law of short
but very important amendment to the
1857 Smith Act, the Government has
closed a legal loophole through which
more than dozen Communist leaders
have escaped imprisonment for their
Communist Party organizing activities.
The original law, titled the Subversive
Activities Control Act, made it Fed