davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-18

AS the 87th Congress closed
its books last week and
rushed away to campaign for
reelection, the debate in
tensified over whether this
latest Congress was a do"
or do nothing" n ational
legislature. Democratic lead
ers in the Senate and House
insist that it has a long list
of accomplishments. Yet
President Kennedy, despite
words of commentator, is
out beating the bushes for
the election of an 88th Con-
gress more to his liking and
more likely to accede to his
requests. The President has
even gone so far as to criti-
CHE some of the Democratic
members of the 87th. OF
course, he has been, and is,
attacking Republicans indiS-
criminately. although some
of them voted for several Of
his pet projects.
Rarely has anybody a good
word to say of the Congress.
On many occasions in the
past Congress has been the
whipping boy. The lash has
been laid on by the Execu-
tive Department, by publish
ers, by political party leaders.
Yet this Congress and all the
Congresses of the past have
been elected by the American
people to represent them. So
far as the Executive Depart
ment is concerned, only the
President and Vice President
: are elective officers. The
great army of high eXecu-
tive officials whose duty it is
to enforce the laws enacted
by Congress are not elected.
In part, they are appointed
for political reasons and may
or may not be qualified. In
the Judicial Branch of the
Federal Government, none of
its judges are elected. All are
appointed-for life and or
good behavior.
Legislative Duties Invaded
Gradually. the Executive
and Judicial Branches of the
Government have moved in
on the duties and preroga-
tives given the Legislative
Branch by the Constitution.
President Kennedy has called
for more and more freedom
in dealing with taxes and
Federal expenditures. The
present Supreme Court was
moved into fields left to Con-
gress by the Constitution. By
it's decisions it has made laws
where, in some cases, there
was no law enacted by Con-
greSS. ?
When Congress has put its
foot down against such ag-
gressions it has been de-
nounced as a bungling, back
ward, unprogressive body, moi
capable of functioning in this
atomic age. De m a n DIS are
made for changes in its rule,
of procedure all in the in.
terests Of speed. The danger
of greatly increased speed
however, is that legislation
including appropriations fol
Federal expenditure, may be
too hastily enacted. Under
many of the propose
changes, Congress could fine
itself merely a rubber STAMP
for the Executive; minorities
rights may be completely ig'
nored and violated.
Evening star., 1962-03-29
Court Clears Man
Over Purchase
Made as Minor

The Municipal Court Of APP
pealS said yesterday that a 28-
year-old man who bought a
watch with a SO down payment
when he was II cannot be made
to pay the balance of the bill.
In reversing a $6980 judg-
ment against Thomas Harrod,
of 1868 Franklin street NE,
the court said he was protected
by his youth at the time Of the
sale, and also because the watch
was soon lost or stolen. and by
Maryland law.
Judge Mary E. Barlow had
granted the judgment for the
Kelly Adjustment Co.. Of 635
F street NV. The firm said
Mr.. Harrod signed a contract
when he bought the watch
from a salesman who visited
him at his job in the Census
Bureau building in Suitland.
Three months after the sale,
Mr.. Harrod testified, he joined
the Navy, where the watch was
lost or stolen. Contrary to the
Kelly firms claim, he said no.
body contacted him about the
bill.
The appeals court said such
a contract signed by a minor
must be ratified" by him as
an adult to remain void. BY
not making payments, Mr. Har-
rod nullified the agreement,
the court said.
The watch's disappearance
also voided the contract, the
court held, because Mr.. Harrod
was deprived of its benefits.
/ The opinion by Judge Thomas
D. Quinn said the contract was
nullified Is days after the sale
because Mr.. Harrod was not
given copy of it within that
time, as required by Maryland
law.
Evening star., 1962-03-29

it always was, a public institu-
ton"
The United States Court of
Appeals at Cincinnati, Ohio,
took under advisement an ap-
peal from a decision which had
upheld a gradual desegregation
plan for Memphis, Tenn, recre-
ational facilities.
The suit and the appeal were
filed by I. A. Watson and a
group of Negroes seeking imme-
diate desegregation of all recre-
ational facilities at Memphis.
A boycott of downtown buSi-
nesses by Negroes was reported
at Birmingham, Ala. Leaflets
were distributed urging Negroes
to boycott in protest Of Segre-
cation practices involving hir-
ing, rest rooms and drinking
fountains.
Evening star., 1962-03-29
Drive Planned in South
To Boost Negro Voting

Charlotte, N. c.. chairman of
NAACP's voter registration
committee, said, I'VE expect to
add at least another 100000
names to the rolls before the
next presidential election.
Heading the new YEP, with
headquarters at Atlanta, will
be Wiley A. Branton, the first
Negro graduate of the Univer-
sity of Arkansas Law School.
The SRC listed the cooper
ating groups as the NAACP, the
National Urban League, the
Congress of Racial Equality, the
Southern Christian Leadership
Conference and the Student
Evening star., 1962-03-29

Nations on Thirty-sixth street
NV. between N and Prospect
streets.
Senator Mccarthy, Democrat
Of Minnesota, will speak on
The Christian in Politics" at
the evening session.
Also scheduled to participate
in the program are the Rev.
Gustave Weigel. S.J., professor
of theology at Woodstock md
College; Heinrich Rommen. a
professor at the Georgetown
Graduate School: DR.. Josef
Solterer, chairman of the eco
nomicS department at George
town; Dr.. George Whyte of the
Georgetown and George Wash
ington Universities faculties;
John Elac, of the Association of
international Development, and
Dr., Edwin Bishop. an econom-
les professor at Georgetown.
Evening star., 1962-03-29
2ChiIe Senators
To Discuss Party
And Alliance

Two Chilean Senators will
discuss their country's Chris,
tian Democratic Party and the
United States Alliance for
Progress program at a forum
at Georgetown University on
Saturday.
The Senators, Eduardo Frei
and Radomiro Tonic, are also
the chairman and the vice
chairman of the political party,
They will participate in a
three session "Colloquium on
Chile" to be held beginning at
1C am, 2:l5 pm. and $3.50
pm. at Georgetown'S Hall OF
Evening star., 1962-03-29
Space Prestige Hurt,
SheIvedAstronoutF F ears

There are weak hearts asso-
ciated with this situation, but
they don't belong to us Spar
tanS."
Maj. Slayton was dropped
from the flight because of an
erratic heart beat but remains
an astronaut and the National
Aeronautics and Space Admin
iStration says he continues eli
gible to make a later flight.
There was no immediate COM
ment from Mai. Slayton or
NASA officials on the letters,
Maj. Slayton'S parents live
nearby and Mr.. Thobaben said
he assumed the letters were in
answer to communications sent
the major when he was pulled
off the flight.
Mr.. Osborne said Mai. Slay-
ton wrote, Thanks for your
expressions of confidence and
good will. However, the tragedy
is not one of personal disap-
pointment since this is rela-
lively unimportant. The posi-
BILE damage caused to the ma
tional and international conf
dence in our manned space pro-
gram is of great concern.
Every effort is being made
to realign things in their
proper perspective and we hope
to salvage most of the prestige
lost. I feel the situation devel-
oped through ignorance of the
problem and resulting panic
and can therefore best be re-
solved through education OF
responsible personnel. Your
support in the struggle to force
decisions based on fact. rather
than fear. is greatly appreci-
ated."
Evening star., 1962-03-29

SPARTA, Wis, Mar. % tAP(,
K. Slayton, ruled out
as pilot of the next orbital space
flight for health reasons, has
written of great concern" over
possible damage caused to the
confidence in our manned
space flight program, Mayor
Ralph Osborne said last right.
H. o. Thobaben, president of
the Sparta Chamber of Com
merce, also received a letter and
said the astronaut wrote,
Evening star., 1962-03-29
Turpentine Is Seized

The Food and Drug Admin
istration said yesterday a large
quantity of household turpen-
tine without proper danger
warnings was seized in Detroit
after an infant drank some and
died. The seizure was the
third under the Federal
Hazardous Substances Labelling
Act, which took effect last
February |.
Evening star., 1962-03-29
BY the Associated Press

Five major civil rights groups
are planning two-year cam
paign to boost Southern Negro
voter registration, the South
ern Regional Council says.
The SRC said the Voter Ed
ucation Project (VEP) would
not affect existing campaigns
for Negro voters.
A separate voter registration
drive to include 10 Southern
States was announced by the
National Association for the
Advancement of Colore d
People.
Kelley M. Alexander of
Evening star., 1962-03-29

Nonviolent Co-ordinating Com
mittee.
Tulane Gets Order
At New Orleans, La, United
States District Court Judge j
Skelly Wright ordered Tulane
University to admit two Negro
girls. Barbara Marie Guillory
and Pearlie Hardin Elloie.
He rejected the schools claim
that it had the right to reject
Negroes on racial grounds be-
cause it is a private institution
A Louisiana statute requires
Tulane to provide education un-
der terms of a gift establishing
the university which expressly
limits it to white young per-
sons"
Judge Wright said. THE CON-
plete history of Tulane Univer-
Sity indicates that it is now, as
Evening star., 1962-03-29
Tulane Gets Order

Nonviolent Co-ordinating Com
mittee.
Evening star., 1962-04-20
WORDS, WIT AND WISDOM
JULIET JONES
Pogo
By WILLIAM MORRIS

Question: Today our senior
English class was picking out
basal parts in sentences and
we came across this sentence:
Everybody was once inter-
eSted in mining" We had quite
a discussion over whether
interested" was part Of the
verb or whether it was a sub
jective complement. Could you
please set us straight?-Janet
Vandervoort, Broken Boy, Neb.
Answer: The Technology of
the new grammarians or
structural linguists" or what
ever they are calling them
selves this season, defeats me
utterly. When I was teaching
English-in the classroom, not
in a column-life and language
were much simpler. When we
wanted to say basic" we said
'basic." We didn't trick it up
with a different ending like
basal" to make it more i'm
pressive (and confusing) to
pupil and parent alike.
In those simpler days, I
Evening star., 1962-04-20

should simply have said that
interested" was a predicate
adjective modifying every
body" According to Perrin's
Writer'S Guide (the most
widely used college textbook on
grammar and usage) that's
still the Technology used in
colleges to describe this con-
struction. Perhaps you will find
language, if not life, growing
simpler as you move upwards
in the world of education.
\ 4 4
Question: Born in London,
England, in an era when ques-
tions from children were dis
couraged, I have often Won
dered about the expression
referring to something as mot
being worth two bits" Since
coming to this country the un-
asked question has been re-
solved to the extent that I now
know that "two bits" means
rs cents, or not very much
money. I'm still wondering,
though. where the two bits"
Evening star., 1962-04-20

expression comes from.-Mrs.
Gladys M. Rodwell, Puyallup,
Wash.
Answer: "Bit" was originally
British slang for any small
coin. In southwestern United
States. as long ago as 173O, the
term 'bit" was applied to the
Mexican "real," a coin then
worth about 1917 cents. 1.-TWO
Evening star., 1962-04-20
ADVERTISEMENT.
Skin Rash? "'a Fl j. I;:s : .:ss s.i: Syn

Zemo "de-itches" skin these 3 ways: ~
Reduces sensitivity to itching soothes.
cools. (2) Suppresses itching sensations.
9 Acknowledgements healing. To get
the anti-itch action best for your type of
itching, ask for either Zemo Ointment OF
Zemo Liquid. Both de itch" effeciIr
Evening star., 1962-04-20

bits" thus meant 25 bits" meaning practically
the expression mot worth worthless into being
Evening star., 1962-09-10
Now Is Time to Plan
For Gain by Tex Cut

the resale value will catch up
with the retail price.
Another method Of taking
advantage Of the probable tax
cut is to take as many losses
and deductions as possible this
year, and postpone profit-tak-
ing until next year.
These tactics will pay off,
however, only II 1868 income
is approximately the same or
greater than 1862 income-and
II they are not overdone.
A taxpayer with a possible
gain may be able to keep more
of 1t If he does not take 1t until
after January /. An employee
may profit by persuading his
boss to postpone a bonus until
after the New Year.
A corporation may benefit by
postponing profit-taking until
1868; it may also gain by in
sisting on paying bonuses this
year instead of next.
Tax planning. as always,
should be done with care. usu-
ally with the advice of a good
tax accountant.
Evening star., 1962-09-10
BAY STEAMBOATS,
DUE TO RESUME

Chesapeake Bay steam
boat passenger service is
expected to resume next
spring. according to the
company that has bought
the Old Bay Lines three
boats.
B. B. Wills, owner Of Toll
chester Lines, said the
schedule would be less than
daily, and would operate
out OF. Norfolk. MIR. Wills
is studying passenger serv-
ice only.
The Old Bay Line had
run 122 years when it sus-
pended operations between
Baltimore and Norfolk last
April. One of its boats,
the District of Columbia,
was renovated and put into
excursion service at Boston.
The other two, the City of
Norfolk and the City Of
Richmond. are now an
chored in Baltimore await
ing refitting.
Evening star., 1962-09-10
By ELMER RoEssNER

Taxpayers can act now to
take advantage of the probable
Federal income tax cut next
January /. ~
The cut is probable because
President Kennedy says he will
ask for 1t, both the Chamber Of
Commerce of the United States
and the AFL-CIO are demand
ing It. and most Congressman
seem to favor 1t.
While It can not be enacted
until some time in 1858, 1t prob
ably will be made retroactive
to January /. Such Is the Ken
nedy plan. s,...
The only thing that might
make the proposal impossible
is a serious decline In relations
with Russia, with q need for
higher tax revenues to finance
a higher rate of armament.
There is, Of course. some OPP
position to q tax cut. The Ad-
miniStration has advanced the
idea that q tax cut will so stim-
ulate business and PERSONAL in
come that the lower rates will
actually produce more income
than present rates.
If this theory is correct, then
taxes should /, have been cut
years ago. We have been strang-
ling ourselves with taxes, beat
ing ourselves over the head
because it will feel so good when
we stop.
But the theory is flimsy.
Lower tax rates probably will
yield lower taxes, If government
spending Is reduced propor-
tionately, all will be well. But
government outlays are never,
or almost never. reduced. Lower
taxes will lead to more borrow
ing and more borrowing will be
directly inflationary.
And since the probable tax
cut win lead to probable infla-
ton, it becomes possible to take
advantage Of the cut now.
One way Is to take all the
hedges against initiation; to
shift savings from government
and other bonds and from bank
accounts int ocommon stocks
that will yield as much. Stocks
are classic hedges against in
flation. So is real estate and so
is other real property.
But buying q diamond ring
or other luxury item may be
a very poor way except for ex-
pertS. The resale value of a
ring, for instance may rise con-
siderably during another wave
Of initiation, but Is doubtful if
Evening star., 1962-09-10
ON WHEELS
So Let's Let
Computers Do 1t

As q survivor Of the Labor
Day week end traffic carnage. ]
returned from Pittsburgh more
convinced than ever that the
slow driver and the left-turner
are greater menaces than the
man who is five miles faster
than the speed limit.
OF particular note is the
slow driver who clings logged
ly to the left, or passing lane.
Suburban Washington abounds
in the practice.
AS though In answer to be-
wilderment over what causes
these things. a Columbus re-
search psychologist has taken
q long, long look at today's
driver; comes up with the con-
clusion that the driver of to-
days car functions much the
same as an electronic computer.
The data" the driver proc
esses comes from traffic sig
mails. road conditions, other
cars. his own car and himself,
Or. Charlotte A. Christner, of
the Batelle Memorial Institute,
says.
Her research shows that each
driver has limited informa-
tion-handling capacity, with
both minimum and maximum
limits.
A driver on a lightly Travelled
superhighway tends to operate
close to his minimum capacity,
meaning he is required to do
relatively little information
processing and thinking sit
uation Of inattentiveness that
may lead to his falling asleep.
As the driver approaches his
maximum capacity, his only al
tentative is to slow down and
clog the traffic system. or op-
crate much Of the time on q
"crisis" level. DR.. Christner be-
lieves. 1t is constant operation
at this crisis" level that causes
driver fatigue in heavy. high
speed traffic.
She says that considering
the economic expansion and
population growth expected by
1870. the total magnitude and
Evening star., 1962-09-10
Steel TONNAGE
MdYNOt Reach
Output Of 81

CLEVELAND, Sept. 10 Cap
"A strong demand for durable
goods and prompt stabilization
OF inventories during the fourth
quarter will be necessary if the
Nations ingot production for
1862 is to exceed the 90 million
tons produced last year, Steel
Magazine said today.
Industry estimates Of output
Evening star., 1962-09-10
BY SYLVIA PORTER

Iance with that Of the Dow
Jones index of 80 industrial
stocks, but even as they do this
they know they're only playing
q numbers game.
Even comparisons among the
funds themselves are befud-
ding and confusing because
their performances vary from
year to year.
As an illustration, the mutual
fund which turned in the top
performance as Of the end OF
1857 was in 101st place the fol-
lowing year. The fund which
turned in the best performance
as of the end Of 1859 was in
57th place the next year.
OF course, If / had put all my
funds in international Business
Machines at the right" time in
the 195Os and had sold out al
the right" time in late 1851
early 1862. I'd have made the
performance Of all mutual
funds look sick. Did I do this?
No. However, I didn't put all
my funds in one of the hot-hot
growth stocks at the peak OF
their popularity and so I don't
have losses on paper ranging to
70 per cent or more today
either.
Evening star., 1962-09-10

Roller skating is fun But for really going places at low cost
there's substitute for Greyhound Greyhound costs less
than driving yourself Next time you plan trip have fun and
save money tool Go Greyhound LEAVE THE DRIVING TO U.s.
Evening star., 1962-09-10
THE EVENING STAR
Washington, b. c. RuesMAee .G&@~k@ A-l9
MoaSoy, September TO- 1862 SoShttSSSF SaO~NS ~

for the final three months of
this year vary from 22.5 million
ingot tons to IS million tons.
During the current quarter an
estimated 20.S million tons will
be produced. the weekly journal
of Woodworking reported.
Continuing a gradual uptrend
in orders that started in June
Bookings for many mills during
August we're the best since May,
Steel said.
A common current complaint
Is that THE automotive boys
haven't released as much Sep
Evening star., 1962-09-10

.tember tonnage as we figured
they would the magazine said.
As a result. some producers say
their September bookings have
.leveled off and others report
only a slight edge over August.
Until automotive buying
picks up, steelmakers win have
to depend largely on eonstruc-
tion activity" Steel said.
Ingot output this week Is ex-
pected to be up two-tenths Of
one per cent from the estimated
1,675, 900 tons poured in the
week ended yesterday, Steel
said.
Evening star., 1962-09-10
. By CHARLES YAkBRoUeH

complexity Of American trans
portation problems for the
next two decades is staggering
"At the least. we foresee 9
great expansion Of the super
highway system and It's inte-
grafton with urban express
ways. At the more extreme, au-
tomated vehicles or automated
highways are visualized.
Some planners foresee 9
change in the design Of auto
mobiles, the imposition oi
styling conformity and a radi-
cal departure from the notion
Of the individual car moving
freely under the drivers con-
troll"
Well ahead Of schedule, the
first Of the new Austin Healey
5000 sports convertibles has
reached Manhattan Auto.
Among the obvious changes
and all for the better-is the
easily recessed top and rimless,
roll-up windows.
Horsepower from the six
cylinder, twin carburetor en-
gine is about 100.
Charles b. O'DOnneIl, vice
president Of Universal C. /. T,
Credit Corp, agrees that in the
average family. it is father who
decides what car the family is
going to buy-but "it Is often
that the decision Is made on
the basis Of what mother
wants.
Women" he says, "are not
too particular about the make
Of car the family is going to
buy as long as it has the fea-
lures and conyeniences that ap-
peal to them.
They are more realistic and
hard boiled than most men
when it comes to selecting a
dealer. In the case Of auto
mobile dealers. women tend to
rate service as the most i'm
portant single reason for pre-
ferring one dealer to another. "
Mr.. O'Donnell says, land wise
and experienced husbands are
likely to respect their views"
Evening star., 1962-09-10

IL may be taken for granted
that each fund was trying to
turn in q top-notch record to
hold and get more sharehold-
ers. New regulations are COM
ing for mutual funds which
will add to investors protec-
ton, and this is the important
point. 1t won't improve their
performances. though, for the
good ones already are doing
their best.
Distributed 1859, By The Han syn.
dicate. Inc. AL Rights Reservedl
Evening star., 1962-09-10
YOUR MONEYS WORTH
Mutual Funds
Report Criticized

It was unfortunate that the
Wharton School report on the
SIC billion mutual fund indus
try included a statement that
on average, the performance oi
the mutual funds in recent
years did not differ appreci-
ably from what would have
been achieved by an unman-
aged portfolio" This implies
that an investor could have
done just as well for him
self in the market If he had
managed his own funds and
not paid a mutual fund tc
manage his money for him.
It was unfortunate because
this argument has been blown
up to the extent that it has
obscured many of the funda-
mental and valid criticisms OF
the setup. operations and ac-
tivities Of mutual funds by the
University Of Pennsylvania pro-
fessors who made the four
year study.
No careful student Of mutual
funds denies that there are
abuses in selling practices,
questions about the load
(buying commission) charged
to shareholders, doubts about
conflicts Of interest, interlock-
ing deals. etc.
Reforms Needed
All responsible individuals in
the industry admit that the
laws drawn up to regulate q
half-billion dollar industry q
quarter-century ago should be
up-dated to regulate the multi
billion dollar industry Of today.
These are the important
points - and it's unfortunate
that they are being obscured.
It was unfortunate, too. that
&C ON p parison" performances
were included in the report.
No little investor"-and 1t is
the little investor who is the
primary buyer of mutual fund
shares-could possibly invest in
a list as diversified as Standard
a. Poor's Composite Index. con-
sisting of 500 stocks, as well as
an assortment of bonds and
other assetsl He not only
wouldn't have that sort of
money but also human beings
don't initiate statistical aver
ages. Wall Street professionals
often compare their perform
Evening star., 1962-09-10

The astonishing variation
from year to year in perform
ance among the ''five best" mu-
tual funds is underlined by this
table. prepared BY Vance, SAM
ders q Co. of Boston.