davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1962-07-27
Debbie Suffers Miscarriage

BURBANK. Calf PA spokes- man says actress Debbie Reynolds will remain in St. Joseph,s Hos pital one or two more days aftets suffering q miscarriage.
 Miss Reynolds and her husband millionaire sh oe manufacturer Harry Karl, expected their first child in September. She lost the baby Tuesday.
The Nome nugget., 1962-07-27
NAVY LAUNCHES NEW FLIP RESEARCH SHIP
Friday July 27. 1862

SEATTLE iP - A strange ncQ research ship called the FLIP liHee up to her name Wednesday.
 Oh boy sailor muttered, his eyes wide open. You couldn't get me on that thing.
 What aWed him was the sight of the ships stern sinking slowly in the water while the bow rose to stand straight Up during a test at Dabob Bay in Hood Canal, an arm of Puget Sound
 Ii was the first full-scale test of the FLIP, short for Floating Instrument Platform The ship was built in Portland with almost S600,000 of Navy research money for the Scripps Institute of Ocean, ography.
 The ship was designed to pro- vide stable platform for researeh as instruments and her primary purpose is to study sound waves in the ocean.
 She is expected 10 drift for weeks or months in the vertical position as scientists, living aboard, try 10 unlock the oceans secrets. She will leave under tow for San Diego Aug. 6.
Evening star., 1962-12-16

SUNDAY MAGAZINE THE WASHINGTON STAR DECEMBER e lSes
Evening star., 1962-09-28
WORDS, WIT
AND WISDOM
KERRY DRAKE
JULIET JONES
BUZ SAWYER
POGO
BY WILLIAM MORRIS

Question: I ran across an
amusing story in the paper
about q cab driver in Prou-
dence. r. l., who had to take a
fish for q tip. He was hired
to drive four fishermen up to
Gloucester. When they arrived,
the fishermen had barely
enough cash to cover the fare.
So, in place Of a tip, they
offered him q 50-pound tuna.
He accepted, remarking that
the tuna was worth a fin any
day"
.Mr. Morris, Just how did a
five-dollar bill get to be called
a. "fin" in the first place?-
Hruce Bohle, New York City.
Answer: Fin" was originally
underworld slang, derived from
the Yiddish "finnuf" or "finnif, I"
meaning a British five-pound
note. 1t first appeared in the
afgot of English thieves at
Evening star., 1962-09-28

Answer: The explanation of
how colonel" came to be pro-
nounced KERNEL is a compli-
Gated one-and one that in
wolves more than 400 years Of
British military history. In
the time of Shakespeare the
Evening star., 1962-09-28
BY Stan Droke

word was spelled "coronel" and
pronounced pretty much as
spelled. It was derived from
the Latin "columna," a column
or-figuratively-a pillar of
the state.
But few things remain static
Evening star., 1962-09-28

about the time Charles Dickens
was chronicling the adventures
OF Fagin and his band Of child
criminals. Fin" first appeared
in the language Of our native
hoods during the roaring '20s
and was popularized by the
gangster pictures Of the 1880
era.
Question: Why is colonel"
spelled the way it Is and yet
pronounced as though it con-
tanned an 'r"?-Jo Freeman,
Washington, D. C.
Evening star., 1962-09-28
BY Wolf Kelly

in the English language, so. In
the course Of the centuries.
the spelling became colonel"
The pronunciation also changed
with the years. from KORNuh-
mel to KOR-nel and finally TO
KER-nel we use today.
Evening star., 1962-04-08
The National Scene

cratic candidate for Governor of
Texas, resigned as a major gen.
eral after he was officially rebuked
for stepping into the par tiSan
political arena under troop
indoctrination program for his
forces in Europe.
His case helped produce. on the
urging of Senator Thurmond of
South Carolina, the present hear
ings on alleged "muzzling" of top
officers in the armed services.
Last week. he had his chance
to state his case and his opinions.
In two days of testimony. he fired
scattershot which hit, but hardly
hurt, a long list of intended vic
Tins, including Secretary of State
Rusk and Defense Secretary Nc
Namara.
The former General blasted
what he said was our mo win"
policy, the softness of communism
in high places and the injustice
he received from the Defense De-
partment and Army in mis- own
case.
During his statement and the
rambling question-answer period,
the committee members were pa
tient and polite. though he was
dropping unsubstantiated charges
right and left.
It was clear that they wanted
him to have his day. He had it.
Evening star., 1962-04-08
NAACP Move

In another civil rights develop
ment last week, the National As
sociation for the Advancement of
Colored People kept up its pres
sure on the Kennedy administra-
ton.
Taking issue with the Presidents
Committee on Equal Opportunity.
which examined its own one-year
record and found that it had
made significant progress" in
barring racial discrimination in
Government employment. the
NAACP called the Committee "in-
effectual."
And as for the Committees
plans for Progress" program, un-
der which so large contractors who
do business with the Government
have pledged to combat bias VOL
unfairly, the NAACP said:
plans for Progress yield high
returns in press notices and only
superficial and token results in
new job opportunities"
Evening star., 1962-04-08
Transport:
Help Coming

President Kennedy on Thurs
day recommended to Congress
a sweeping new transportation
plan including rate cuts, dimin-
ished Federal controls, elimina-
tiOn of the 10 per cent tax on
surface transportation tickets
and aid to city transit systems.
After the President sent his
10,000-word message to Congress
on his plans for a basic new ma
tional transportation policy; White
House sources were quick to point
out that this was the first time
in history that a President had
recommended such a comprehen-
sive program to deal with this
problem.
There is little argument that
real coordination of our regula-
tory agencies and fairer system
of rules and regulations covering
all modes of transportation has
long been overdue.
And, while there have already
been some howls from the truck
ers and bargemen because the
railroads would get some badly
Evening star., 1962-04-08
Rails Pleased

The ailing railroad industry is
particularly pleased with the pro-
posals because. If they were en-
acted by Congress. 70 per cent of
rail freight tonnage. for example,
would be substantially freed from
Government regulation. This
could allow them to compete more
favorably with trucks and water
way transport.
The Kennedy proposals touch
on so many individual problems,
however, that they require, ac-
cording to the Associated Press.
preliminary action by five differ
ent House committees before they
could all be cleared for House
action.
Accordingly, it is clear that the
87th Congress will not be able
to make more than beginning on
its consideration of the White
House package.
Mr.. Kennedy's transportation
message is said to be the final
one he plans to send to Congress
this year. With many major bills
Evening star., 1962-04-08

ing Near My God to Thee" 1t
was playing an Episcopal hymn
entitled Autumn" one line of
which implored God to hold me
up in mighty waters" The bands
men perished to a man.
Woitino for Deoth =.
No one can forget the cry of
Women and Children First" nor
that it was honored. The mer-
chants, bankers, shipping mag
mates and steel tycoonS. placing
their women and children in the
boats, then stepping back with a
smile, to light cigar and wait
for death.
Col. AStor, 48, about to leave
500 million to his son Vincent,
a boy Of 20, gently kissing his
bride goodby as he stepped back
from the boat. She was 10, a year
younger than her stepson.
ISidor Straus, 81, the Nations
greatest merchant, standing firm
ly in his wife's arms while she
said: Il will not leave my hus-
band. We are old; we can best
die together" And they did.
Benjamin Guggenheim, Al,
whose fortune was second only
to Astor's, saying, Il will play the
mans game. No woman shall be
left aboard this ship because Ben
Guggenheim was a coward" A,
widow and three children mourned
him.
Miss Elizabeth Evans, 25, niece
of q New York City magistrate,
stepping out Of a crowded boat to
give her seat to a woman. You
have children who need you." she
said, "and have none" The
woman who took the seat was
Mrs. John j. Brown, a Denver
millionairess, who pulled an oar
that night with the best of men,
struck down coward or two, and
survived in legend as "the unsink-
able Molly Brown"
Other NotobIes Lost
Jay Yates. the gambler. help
ing women into the boats and
giving the last one a note: IF
saved, inform my sister, Mrs. F. j.
Adams of Findley, Ohio"
OF IL honeymoon couples aboard.
all the wives survived but only
one husband.
Evening star., 1962-04-08
80 Shots Expected

Accordingly. as the time for
testing draws near, the Atomic
Energy Commission and the PEN
tagon announced on Wednesday
that. as of April Is, an area Of
nearly 100000 square miles in the
Pacific-10 times the size Of New
York State-would be off-limitS
to shipping and aircraft. The
danger area surrounds Britain's
Christmas Island, which is little
over 1000 miles due South of
Hawaii. near the Equator. .'.
The actual tests, which are ex-
pected to begin about April 80,
may last two to three months.
Something on the order of 80 shots
are said to be planned. The Rus
slams exploded more than 40 nu-
clear warheads in the air when
they broke the 34-month-old test
ban moratorium last September.
Mr.. Kennedy has agreed to can
eel the planned tests up to the
last minute if the Russians sign
a meaningful treaty. But even this
gift" of last falls 40 or more
test shots, which narrowed the
gap in nuclear weapons technol-
ogy between the two countries. is
unlikely to move the adamant
Kremlin.
Another new chapter in the
atomic arms race is at hand.
Evening star., 1962-04-08
NucIeor Tests:
u. S. Gets Set

Nuclear testing in the at
mOsphere came closer for the
United States last week as the
Acc and Defense Department
jointly announced an Off
limits danger area" around
Christmas Island in the Pa
cific, the prospective test site.
On March 2, President Kennedy
authorized American nuclear tests
in the atmosphere. to start late
this month unless the Soviet
Union signed an effective with
international inspection provi-
sions) test-ban treaty.
The Russians have always
turned down Western proposals
which would involve on-the-Spot
investigations in the Soviet Union.
Their stated objection: Such in
spections would be, in reality, es-
pionage forays.
In the current 17-nation talks
= on disarmament at Geneva, the
Russians have not budged an
inch. Mr.. Kennedy had made it
Evening star., 1962-04-08

children in steerage, only 81 were
saved; of the 165 women. only rs.
and of the men only rs of 462.
The crew suffered heavily, 500
died out of 908, but of the total
company aboard the figures we're:
Women saved, 7435 per cent;
children. 1929, men 2O.27.
The personal tragedies were
endless: Arthur Ryerson. the steel
man, hurrying home to the funeral
of his oldest son, Yale student
killed in motor accident,
drowned in the ice field. The
Syrian woman who saved her baby
but lost her husband and three
brothers. The two French boys,
about 2 and 4 who lost their par
entS and could not say who they
were, where they were from or
where they were going. J. Bruce
ISmay. managing director of the
White Star line, who survived and
wished he hadn't public opinion
forced him to retire within a year
and live out his life as recluse).
Some men survived, and in
honor. Henry Sleeper Harper, of
the publishing family, was saved,
along with his wife. their Peking-
ese dog, Sun Yat-sen. and an
Egyptian dragoman named Ham
ad Hassah whom Harper had
picked up somewhere near the
pyramids. Lawrence Beesley, a
young English teacher, survived
to tell graphic story of his ex-
periences and write a book about
it. DR.. Washington Dodge. the
assessor of San Francisco. was
pushed into a boat by a dining
room steward who had known and
served him on this and other
liners.
These stories. now stitched into
the fabric of American folklore,
will never die. They are like the
stories. mostly untrue. of first of =
ficer William M. Murdock shoot
ing himself in sight of the pas
Sengers, of the woman who went
down with her Great Dane be-
cause they would not let the dog
into a boat, of the eur in HUI
man shape" who dressed in wom-
ern'S clothes and sneaked into
boat. Never fear, so foul an act
as that will out" said a paper
of the day. But it never did, be-
cause it never happened.
Evening star., 1962-04-08
The Foreign Scene

lands offered the land to the
United Nations last year, and Of
fered to pay the maintenance
costs if the U. N. would assume
respons bility. Mr.. Sukarno -
backed by the Afro-Asian and So
Wet blocs - rejected the Dutch
offer.
In recent months, the Indone-
slams have been warning of an
invasion" if the Dutch do not
surrender West New Guinea. The
military threats became loudest
after India's successful invasion of
Goa. But Indonesia's S logistic prob
lens in attacking West New
Guinea are quite severe. and Gen.
Nasution, head of Indonesias
army is not reckless man.
The Dutch also have been build
ing up their military garrison in
Evening star., 1962-04-08

west Guinea, and are quite pre-
pared to fight if necessary. Since
this would be a classic example
of a war over nothing. cooler
heads around the world have been
urging negotiations.
With the United States acting
as a third party, the two sides
held secret talks in Washington
last month. but they ended when
the Indonesians again demanded
full control over the land.
With small-scale fighting once
more erupting last week on West
New Guinea's fringes. the situa-
ton is becoming more tense. B.,
Nevertheless, the American Am
bassador to Indonesia. Howard P.
Jones. is optimistic that a settle
ment will be reached. and has been
trying to get the antagonists back
to the negotiating table.
Evening star., 1962-04-08

The toll Of those who went
down struck not only the world
of wealth. There was Mai. Archi-
bald Butt, returning from a per-
sonal mission to the Vatican for
President Taft; Jacques Futrelle.
the famous author; Francis David
Millet, Americas foremost paint
er: Henry B. Harris. the theatri-
cal manager; William T. Stead,
England's fiery editor and revi-
valiSt; Thomas Andrews, who had
lovingly built the ship as superin-
tendent at the Harland g. Wolff
yard in Belfast. and of course the
captain, Edward j. Smith. This
great and good man. bearded and
genial, admiral of the White Star
fleet and the very epitome of
competence at sea. did not shoot
himself. He died in his ship, at
SO, on his last trip before retire.
ment, seen to the last with mega
phone in hand, shouting Women
and children first" His final
words had been to his men around
him, something very like: You
have done we'll. I release you all
now. Each man save himself"
1t does not matter if these
things were said in just this way.
and there is no agreement that
they were, but it is a fact that
words and deeds of heroism were
spoken and done that night. The
figures tell the story: OF chill
dren in first class, were saved:
If "a in second class. "a were saved;
of la women in first class, 14O
were saved, and of SO in second
class, 80 survived.
Fifty Children Lost
The record in steerage was not
so shining, but there were reasons
Here. in the lowest parts of the
ship. were hundreds of immi.
grants. mostly young Scandi-
navian lads or Irish girls. heading
for a new life in America. There
were. too. many who spoke nc
English-Italians. French. Syr-
ians, Egyptians and many others.
Some of the crew tried to keep
them in steerage, some aided
them to escape.
Some shots were fired and, it
was said, the immigrants were
shot down like dogs" 1t may
have happened, and Of the 70
Evening star., 1962-04-08
Continued From Page Ell

Continued From Page Ell
savages, most Of whom are COM
pletely out of touch with civili-
zation.
When the Netherlands let its
vast East Indies go in 1850. it
kept West New Guinea-partly to
salvage some prestige at home.
and partly in the hope of exploit
ing possible oil reserves. The land.
however, has proved unreward-
ing, and costs the Dutch $40 mil
lion yearly to maintain.
Mr.. Sukarno wants the Dutch
to return" West New Guinea to
Indonesia on historical grounds.
The Dutch say the Papuans of
New Guinea are different race.
and should be able to choose their
own government when-and if
they become civilized.
AS a compromise. the Neither
Evening star., 1962-04-08

What did happen is now jour-
nalistic history When the Car
pathia docked in New York with
survivors on the Thursday night
after the disaster, the city poured
out a sea of sympathy. Limou-
Sines, ambulances. special trains
and private coaches waited for
rich and poor alike. The stock
exchange sent man with black
bag containing $4,000 in small
bills, to help the immigrants. 20
A fund for the needy quickly
passed 100000. society women.
came to the pier with clothing
and food. and there were blankets
and diapers for the babies, some
now orphans. The scenes at the
pier was rending, with thousands
caught up in waves of emotion
rarely matched since then.
And from it all emerged, Of
course, a Senate investigation, an
official British inquiry, and re-
forms that last to this day the
international Ice Patrol, constant
radio watch on ships, and life
boats for everybody.
The Senate inquiry broke down
in confusion, because it lasted too
long and because the chairman,
Senator William Alden Smith of
Michigan, asked too many ques-.
tions. The one that finally exas-
perated England and America
alike: A..
/. What is an iceberg made OFF
A. Ice.
The rest of the committee fl
nally boycotted the sessions and
Smith had to call halt.
The committees recommendations,
however, we're largely followed.
Never again did a ship race into
an ice field, all unheeding. Blu,
more than that, never again wa,
wealth the same, or power. o.
position. 1t could not buy life or
the Titanic. the safest thing mar
had ever made.
There have been other sea
tragedies, notably the Andrea
Doria, on the morning of July
26. 1856, south Of the Nantucket
LightShip. They we're alike in
many ways, vastly different in
others, and certain it is there will
never be another Titanic. That
world disappeared with that ship.
Evening star., 1962-04-08
Inquiries:
Generals Day

Former Maj. Gen. Edwin A.
Walker charged before Senate
committee last week that Secre-
tary Of State Rusk Is part of a
control apparatus" responsible
for soft line" on communism.
"I find it rather sad in some
ways that we are having this
hearing"
This observation by Senator
Stuart Symington of Missouri
captured generally expressed feel
ing about the performance on a
Senate committee witness stand of
a once outstanding combat leader
in the U. S. Army who has gone
off on a bender of rightist extrem-
ism.
Edwin A. Walker, now a Demo-
Evening star., 1962-04-08
Continued From Page Ell

whether the Archbishop was step
ping into a non-religious area on
the matter Of school integration
and whether segregation after
nearly 100 years, suddenly became
morally wrong.
Church officials state that the
church holds that it has the right
to run its schools as it deems
proper and remind that in 1858
the Catholic hierarchy in the
United States declared that en-
forced segregation was morally
wrong.
Evening star., 1962-04-08
O1H ANNIVERSARY
The Titanic: The Greatest Sea Disaster =.
A 5OTH ANNIVERSARY
BY RICHARD F. NEWCOMB
Associates Press staff Writer

The bridge telephone rang and.
after q short delay. q quarter
master answered 1t. He listened a
few moments, said THANK you"
and hung up.
Lookout Frederick Fleet had
called down from the crows nest
to report an iceberg. directly
ahead.
Evening star., 1962-04-08

still to be handled. the mid
session timing on this important
one is unfortunate. The White
House takes the official position
that it expects major action this
year. but even those congressional
leaders who would personally favor
this are not very hopeful.
Evening star., 1962-04-08

needed relief. Mr.. Kennedy'S pro-
posals have been warmly well
coined on nearly all sides. For ex-
ample. few supporters of the free
enterprise system would argue
with these words from the presi-
dental message:
II am convinced that less Fed
eral regulation and subsidization
is in the long run a prime req
uisite of healthy intercity trans
portation network
Evening star., 1962-04-08

The time was just short Of 11:40
on Sunday night, April IA, 1912.
The place was very near the mid
die of the North Atlantic. The
ship was the Titanic, the worlds
largest and most sumptuous pas
senger liner. bound for New York
on her maiden voyage.
Within the next few hours was
enacted one Of the great human
dramas Of modern times, drama
that has now become q legend.
Fifty years later no one can
even say exactly how many were
aboard the ship, or how many
died. The Titanic carried about
1900 people, and about 1900 died.
But it was not the number who
died that stirred two continents.
it was who died, how they died
and why they died.
The loss of the Titanic shook a
world of complacency. If John
Jacob Astor, who could buy and
sell the White Star Line ten times
over, could not save himself, what
could a man be sure Of in this
world? If the Titanic, an unsink-
able ship, could sink, where could
man put his faith? 1t was the
end Of an era. Never again would
man be quite so sure Of himself
or of his handiwork.
The Main Focts ... g.
The main facts were simple. A
liner Of 46,500 gross tons, the
largest in the world and the safest,
struck an iceberg while making
about 22.5 knots. It was only
a glancing blow but an under
water horn Of the giant berg,
ripped open the hull for 800 feet
or more along the starboard side,
well below the waterline. In less
than three hours the Titanic filled
with water. from the bow aft.
AS the ship filled, the bow slowly
sank until the ship stood straight
up on end. Then she plunged,
straight down nearly three miles
to the bottom.
After the first Is minutes, the
end was entirely predictable. 1t
was inevitable, and so was heavy
loss Of life-the ships 20 life
boats, even II fully loaded, could
accommodate less than half the
people on board. And the boats
were not fully loaded; they left
the ship with about 900 persons
aboard. About 100 more persons
were picked up from the sea, but
the other hundreds died quickly in
the water. then % degrees. .
In the hours of sinking. some
of the noblest acts in history were
performed, and some of the basest.
That is what gripped the world.
No one can forget the band
playing on the boat deck until
the last, even if it was not play
Evening star., 1962-04-08

clear that he would not be de-
TERED or talked into any post
ponement by Soviet delaying tao
tics or appeals from aligned
countries. -
Evening star., 1962-04-08

Folklore says one man dis
guised himself as q woman to
get in a lifebOat; that q ma
trOn refused seat because she
couldn't bring along her great
Dane. These stories are false.
They also have less fascination
than the truth about what hap
pened so years ago in the North
Atlantic when the unsuitable
Titanic sank.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-27
Col. McCummon,
Led MerriII's
Muruuders Action

Col. John E. McCammon,
USA Ret.). IS, a member Of
Merrill's Marauders in World
War II and recipient Of several
service awards, died Of a heart
attack Saturday at his home in
Bradentown, Fla.
Col McCammon, native Of
Washington State, commanded
Merrill's Marauders at the time
Of the seizure of the airfield in
Myitayina, Burma, In 1914. The
unit was awarded the Unit CT
tation by the President for that
action.
He served three tours Of duty
in China, and received the
Legion Of Merit award, COM
mendation ribbons and several
citations from the Republic of
China.
He leaves his wife, Ann Bishop
McC ammon, Of Bradenton, Fla.
Services will be at 2 pm.
Thursday at Arlington Gene
terry.