davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-08-27
GnqIes in the JunoIe?
The normal peace of tn

The normal peace Of the river Jun
giles of Surinam has been given a re-
prieve by cancellation of Agency for
International Development plans to send
a solar-powered ship to show the ma
tiveS the wonders of electricity.
The same fate should attend an
other jungle project, namely, the in
PRODUCTION of educational televiSion"
to these remote spots on the globe-a
matchmaking racket If it ever comes
to pass. AS reported to House Foreign
Aid Operations subcommittee, AID al
ready has ordered thousand 23-inch
transiStor TV sets, powered by 12-volt
b a tterieS. With some forethought,
agency officials already have figured
how to recharge the batteries-by wind
mills and "play-yard merry -go-rounds"
which the junior jungaleers are ex-
pected to keep going round and round.
In way, this prospect of setting up
a network of merry -go-rounds seems
lot more fun-making than bothering
with the television. What youngster, for
example, is apt to prefer learning arith-
metic on the electronic screen when he
can be riding carrouSel instead?
Subcommittee Chairman Hardy has
pronounced the project "the screwiest
proposition" he ever heard of. And Mr..
Hardy is not given to overstatement.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Biq Job Ahead

In proposing recently that Congress
be asked now to give Maryland and
Virginia a direct voice in decisions of
the National Capital Transportation
Agency, Maryland planner Donald
Gingery voiced two complaints. First,
he said, the Meta is developing regional
transportation proposals, in which the
suburbs have vital stake, without the
active participation of suburban rep
resentatives. Second, he said, the tran
sit agency has cast doubt on we'll
established regional highway programs
with no evidence that there are prac-
tical alternatives. Both of these points,
of course, are well taken.
We think that the Maryland
National Capital Park and Planning
Commission was right, nevertheless, in
taking no action on the Gingery pro-
posal. For no good purpose could be
served by trying to interfere with the
NCTA at this stage of the game. Its
report to Congress is due scant two
months from now. The challenge facing
the Washington area is to develop pro-
cedureS, after November l, to arrive, at
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Job or CuHino?

Wage-earners ought not
be attracted to teaching, for
teaching Is a calling-or
should be-and not a Job.
The person who gravitates to
teaching without being con-
Scious of a call, without some
sense of dedication or vision,
is surely in the wrong line of
work and might be happier
in some other.
Love is the real basis of all
teaching, and the joy found
in the work is the real COM
pensation Of the teacher.
To influence youth in its
most impressionable years, to
lovingly inform and shape
the vital, plastic personal
tiles, to labor constructively
among things not seen, with
infinite forces that neither
fail nor falter, and upon
which time has no staying
power or space or limitation
what price teaching?
I do believe that all teach
ers should be adequately
compensated, but I disagree
that the best teachers are the
job-jumpers who get there
fastest and fuStest where
there is the mostest.
Stan Stanton,
Evening star., 1962-08-27
This Is Politics

Time, probably with an assist from
Democratic National Chairman Bailey,
appears to have aSsuaged the political
wounds and Softened the temper of
Connecticut's Representative-at-La
Frank Kowalski.
Mr.. KowalSki, possessing impressive
credentials as graduate of West Point
and holder of masters degree from
Massachusetts, Institute of Technology,
has been energetic and outSpoken dur
ing his two terms in Congress. Earlier
this year he applied these characters
tics to an announced bid for the Demo-
cratic Senatorial nomination and de-
clined to surrender quietly when Mr..
Bailey, himself Connecticut Yankee,
made it clear that Abraham Ribicoff,
then Secretary of Health, Education
and Welfare, was "the management's"
choice. In effect, Mr. KowalSki found out
he couldn't beat City Hail. when the
party'S State convention not only chose
Mr.. Ribicoff but denied the Congress
man enough votes to force a Statewide
primary.
Broodingly, Mr.. Kowalski then en-
tered into a political Irritation with an
independent movement in the Nutmeg
State and, until few days ago, it looked
as though he would be Senatorial can
didate on a third-party ticket. 1t is
doubtful If either Mr.. Kowalski or the
independents expected victory on such
basis, but there were estimates that he
might we'll pick up enough votes in
November-mostly from normally Dem
ocratic rankS-to make the Republican
candidate, Representative Seely- Brown,
the winner. The Ribicoff -Seely- Brown
race, in other words, looks tight, with
out relatively strong third candidate
mixing up the calculating machines.
This was worriSome to Mr.. Ribicoff,
to Mr.. Bailey and even to others in high
Democratic places in Washington. So
Mr. KowalSki has now announced that
he will not run next November as an
independent, or as anything else for
that matter. There is speculation, be-
lievable enough, that after his term
ends in the House next January he may
receive a Federal appointment. Any
questions?
Evening star., 1962-08-27
OyerpriyiIeqed YondoIs

II 1t proves anything at all, the
recent wave of vandalism in Montgomery
County challenges the theory that these
destructive elements almost always are
bred in the Slums. 1t is well known that
few Of the Nations counties can boast
Of the per capita income and resultant
community advantages found in Mont
gomery.
Yet, what do we read in less than a
weeks time? A fine, expensively fur
niShed new Chevy Chase home has been
virtually wrecked from top to bottom
while its owners are away. Damage:
$4,000. Three Rockville boys, the eldest
Is years, go on a car-stripping spree.
Result: At least 25 cars damaged at a
l,5O0 loss In another case, six Wheaton
boys are ordered to spend day work
ing at Belt Junior High School to atone
for some OF their destruction with
explosives.
All these young people supposedly
come from homes of opportunity and
intelligent parental guidance. What,
then, is to account for their property
destroying compulSion? Psychiatrists,
usually prepared to assess almost any
problem, admit they are stumped.
Equally baffled are police who deal with
juvenile criminals.
1t is apparent to most that van
dalism is not a planned crime, but the
product, rather, Of sudden impulse to
destroy-a form Of temporary insanity.
Fixing suitable punishment has been
as difficult as learning the motives.
Some authorities believe that, as in the
Belt school case, the offenders should
be compelled to- repair and make resti-
tuition for the damage.
Much stress is placed on the need
for parental responsibility-for diSa-
buSing Junior of the notion Dad will
foot the bill If he goes on a tear. In
Montgomery, parents may be held liable
up to $500 for their childrens miSdeeds
"a law that is generally helpful. After
all, 81 per cent of the county'S teen
ayers cause no trouble at ALL But as
to the remaining 3 per cent, a Juvenile
Aid Bureau policeman said he would
like to ask one question: Where are their
parents on the nights the boys are out
in cars, senseleSSly destroying property?
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Each to His Own

Now that most of the
shouting about the Supreme
Courts decision on schools,
prayers, and the First
Amendment has died down,
here's a proposed solution.
Since it is said that the
Supreme Courts objection to
the prayer is not to the act
Of praying in itself, but to
the fact that the prayer was
officially prepared, let each
child write the prayer he
wishes to give.
The children should be-
called in alphabetical order,
one a day. If a child is an
atheist, let him speak any
way if he wants or remain
silent. Preparation Of the
prayers should be done by the
children in school time, to as
sure that they will reflect
each child's own belief. They
should not be subject to re-
view by the teachers or any
others. 1t will not hurt a
child Of any faith to hear the
prayers Of any other faith. I
have attended, at least once,
the church Of every faith !
could find, and have man
aged, thus far, to stay out Of
jail. After all, all churches
are attempting to reach the
same goal, but often by
slightly different paths.
No, no review Of the
prayers, please. No matter
what a child may say to him,
I know God will understand.
Robert L. Eichberg.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
French Civil War Threat Fades

In fact, the extremists have
no hope whatever within the
framework Of the present
constitution. The once-pow-
erful right-wing, through its
opposition to Gen. de Gaulle,
its eSpousal Of a lost cause in
Algeria and, above all, its
association with the acts Of
terrorism, has virtually de-
stroyed itself as a political
force in France today.
The only hope of the ex-
tremiStS, therefore. would
seem to lie in a highly organ
lied and broadly based con-
Spiracy involving important
elements of the civilian, mill
tary and political leadership.
1t would have to move quickly
perhaps within a matter of
hours after a successful as
SasSination attempt. And it
would have to move in such
strength as to discourage the
opposition which would inev-
itably be mobilized against it.
Coordination Lacking
In the present case, there
Is happily no evidence what
ever that such an organized
conspiracy exists. There are,
to be sure. many former
members of the terrorist Sec
ret Army Organization who
have found their way to
France in the general exodus,
from Algeria. There are q
number of renegade political
leaders, such as Bidault and
Soustelle, wandering around
Europe. There may still be
some rebellious spirits among
the military and the police.
At this point, however, ?
there appears to be no CO.
ordination, or even any real
connection. among these va
rious disaffected groups.
Many small bands Of crimi-
mails appear to be operating
on their own without any
overall direction or plan.
Even the latest attack on
Gen. de Gaulle seems to have
been a haphazard act Of ter
roriSm rather than part of q
larger conspiracy. And while
the danger to Gen. de Gaulle
may be no less for this, the
danger to the country is GER
tainly not what it would have
been six months ago.
In this situation, exagger-
ated talk about the catastro-
phic consequences that would
follow the disappearance Of
President de Gaulle are
scarcely helpful. It is, in fact.
the complete futility and stu
pidity Of the most recent
attempt that strikes an out
side observer. Numbering Gen,
de Gaulle cannot reverse the
course Of history over the
last four years. And the soon
er all Frenchmen accept this
fact, the better.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
From Missouri

When will the American
people regain their sense OF
proportion and look at only
the realities of space science
United States and Russian
versions? When will they
cease being starry eyed
dupes of space propaganda?
Even high officials Of the
administration and the space
program by their unquestion-
ing acceptance Of Russian
claims and their frenetic
haste to voice their awed
congratulations, are doing
much to develop among our
people a hysterical fear Of
Russian capabilities and a
national inferiority complex
in regard to our own. News
men do not help the situa-
ton, for their coverage Of
every minute follow-up detail
of every Russian claim with
all its breast-beating is one
of wide-eyed wonder.
What the Russians have
accomplished in putting two
men into orbit at once, "if
true" TO quote ex-President
Truman-was a well-planned
feat of organization! If this
country thought more of
presSagentry-not public re-
lationS or publicity, but stunts
and trickery-than it does of
orderly, step-by-step scientif-
ic progress, two men IN orbit
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Ties With Israel
+. d. McHugh

Rabbi Elmer Berger's
charge, reported in your Aug.
20 issue. that Israel claims
to speak for Jews in this
country" and thus violates
the principle Of separation Of
church and state" here is
patent nonsense. Equally alb
surd is his contention that
the United States Govern
ment recognizes" this claim.
I think the following COM
ment is pertinent.
The relationship between
American Jews and Israel is
not very sinister at all. 1t can
best be compared to the re-
lationship of Americans Of
Irish stock to Ireland. those
Of Scandinavian origin to
Norway, Sweden, or Denmark,
those Of English, Scotch, or
Welsh descent to Great
Britain, those Of Italian ex-
traction to Italy, those of
Polish. CZechoslovak, or Yugo-
slav stock to the post World
War I governments Of these
three countries, etc.
To be sure, these relation
ships are not universal l
among all Americans who
have a diStinguishable foreign
ethnic origin. They exist and
have significance only among
those who have a sentimental
or cultural interest in their
families homelands. This is
in line with the tradition of
cultural pluralism here.
Admittedly, the emotional
ties Of most American Jews
to Israel are probably more
fervent. This is due to the
peculiar history and charac-
ter Of the Jews. First, they
constitute both a religious
and ethnic group (Mr. Ber-
ger, Of course, denies the lat
ter characteristic). And sec
ond, after centuries Of tragic
persecution in countries S
where they were not allowed
to assimilate-or, perhaps,
did not want to-the miracle
Of Jewish statehood has been
achieved in this generation.
Similarly, IsraePs interest in
American Jews is unusually
ardent. For a brand-new
nation faced with physical
and economic perils, there is
moral and financial reassur-
ance when it views the larg-
est Jewish community in
the world.
Morton A. Reichek
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Government MASTERS

Waste and weather almost have be-
come synonymous in Government
circles, in that everybody talks about
both and nobody does anything about
either. The latest conversation is from
a House watchdog" subcommittee that
is uncovering some striking, If not really
unusual, examples of duplication.
In a complex as Sprawling as the
Federal bureaucracy, there are bound
to be some cases of one hand not know
ing what the other is up to. Unfortu-
nately, the taxpayer still has to foot the
bill for these overlaps.
Now it turns out that bodybuilding
and map-making are among the Offend
ing items. So many maps are being
cranked out by such agencies as the
Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Army
and Air Force that-with bit of CO.
ordinating-aS much as $850,000 year
could be saved. Even In these days of
cheap millions, it's still an item to the
average citizen.
Road construction long has been
recognized as an avenue for pocket
padding. 1t has come out that the Bureau
of Public Roads and National Park
Service have been contentedly building
roads with little concern about dupli-
Gated machinery Administrator Rex
Whitton feels Public Roads could do the
job for both, If given the go-ahead, at
cheaper price.
1t was revealed that Region IS of
the Public Roads administration, with
headquarters in Falls Church, covers the
same area as offices in Atlanta and
Hagerstown. This seems almost in
comprehensive, but in truth probably
isn't as inefficient as it sounds Region
Is, with about so employees, was set up
at the time of the Pentagon construc-
ton, and now devotes about 90 per cent
of its work to Park Service projects.
This is direct Federal expenditure,
whereas the Atlanta and Hagerstown
offices are more concerned with Federal
State programs. However, it is quite
possible the Falls Church office can be
eliminated, with saving of something
more than pocket change.
Evening star., 1962-08-27

together might we'll have
borne a label Made in
~. S. A." 1t is on the record
that we have vastly greater
organizing ability than is
needed here; and there's no
slightest doubt that we have
the money.
Do we want to keep on &C
cepting all manner of fan
taStic details Of claimed ac-
compliShmentS without the
slightest vestige of proof, or
shall we come to our senses
and borrow those two words
Of the Man from Missouri:
". If true?
En McHu0h
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Prayer Debate

Robert c. AleXander'S
letter presents a novel sug-
gestion that the Supreme
Court lacked juriSdictional
authority to hear and decide
the school prayer case be-
cause the language of the
First Amendment is a prohi-
bition against action by any
Federal agency in the field
of religion. This view, if fol-
lowed to its logical conclu-
sion, suggests that the Court
draws its jurisdiction not ex-
clusively from Article III of
the Constitution, as the
trainers intended. but rather
that its jurisdiction is limited
by any other part Of the Con-
stitution which proScribes
certain legislative or execu-
tive actions. BY this stand
ard, the court could not hear
cases dealing with bills of
attainder or ex post facto
laws because their passage is
forbidden by Article I, sec
ton nine, clause three. This
sort OF -semantic hokum
leaves the court powerless to
protect the rights Of anyone.
The more reasonable conclu-
sion is that the court acted
correctly in finding its juris-
diction permitted it to hear
the school prayer case.
Also questioned by Mr..
Alexander is the application.
by the court. Of the long
standing view that the Four
teenth Amendment applies
against the States the provi-
sions Of the First Amend
ment. The basis Of the ques-
tioning is the allegation that
the trainers Of the Fourteenth
Amendment did not intend
that it have any application
to religion. While determin-
ing the intent Of the trainers
is a difficult task. there is
substantial evidence which
points to the conclusion that
the trainers knew and in
tended that the Fourteenth
Amendment would incorpor-
ate against the States the
provisions of the First
Amendment .Isee Justice
Blacks opinion in Adamson
VS.. California;.
Much significance is at
tached to the fact that the
court used the establish
ment clause" Of the First
Amendment in reaching its
decision. This clause, as well
as the religious liberty"
clause, had been applied
against the States by the
Fourteenth Amendment at
least as far back as the Ever
son and McCollum decision.
It is much to be hoped that
when the final word on the
school prayer decision is
written, it will attempt to
point out in clear and un-
euuivocal language exactly
what the court decided, l. e.,
that State officials may not
compose an official State
prayer and require that it be
recited in the public schools
of the State. A far greater
public service can be done If
this objective is achieved
than il some continue to
read into the decision their
favorite specters, hobgoblins,
and ghosts.
T. Page Johnson.
Evening star., 1962-08-27

some Of it from private con.
versations between two men,
and very little sounds con-
vincing. Here two officers
discuss a tactical concept:
"Mustoe, in reading q re-
port on the success Of the
IL plane formation, turned
to Macdonald. 'LeMay was
right. He said a long time
ago that the 12-plane forma-
ton would contribute to the
most accurate bombing
1.-The 18-plane formation
was perfect for the early
days when we needed mass
defensive power the opera
tions officer said.
"Mustoe nodded assent.
The larger formation was
only one stage of a con-
tinuing development Of tao
tics in the Eighth (Air
Force) -"
AS a matter of fact, these
two men-and everyone else
in the book sound q good
deal like Mr.. Morrison. And
Mr.. Morrison sounds all too
much like pulp fiction:
"THE BRIEFING ROOM
was crow d e d, and LeMay
stood before them momen-
tarily searching for words.
There were so many familiar
faces and so many memories
of each of them. They quiet
ed down, noting the somber
aspect of his face.
We've come a long way
together LeMay said huski-
ly, and now it's time for us
to part
"They were so shocked at
this disclosure they could
hardly believe their ears.
"'I have been ordered to
take command of the l)2nd
Provisional Combat Wing
LeMay said. 81
"They were stunned. A fu-
ture without LeMay in COM
mand was unthinkable. They
knew the job was a promo
tion, and deep inside they
were proud he would soon
become a general.
"LeMay started to speak a
couple of times, but all could
see what a struggle was 60
ing on inside him. -"
There is no doubt that the
scene described was genuine
ly moving. But the descrip-
ton itself borders on parody.
There are times, too, when
Mr.. Morrison produces para
graphs that invite reprinting
at the bottom of a column
in a celebrated weekly maga-
zine: "On everyone's lips, the
refrain was the same. The
305th's loss is the 40th's
gain"
At the beginning Of the
book, we are told that "the
305th Bombardment Group
(Heavy) had been largely ig-
nored by writer's, so I turned
my attention to their files"
The group surely deserves at
tention but not of the sort it
has received from Mr.. Nor.
riSon. y,
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Welcome Sevoreid

congratulate you on your
fine choice of Eric Sevareid
as a columnist. His first con-
tribution on August 81 was
indeed a masterpiece. His
eloquence, style and express
sion confront the reader
with reality and life. This
column helps one to forget,
If only temporarily, thalido-
mide, Berlin, cold war and
space twins. In quest for the
moon, let us not forget our
Mother Earth.
Many readers of The Star
will look forward to Tues
days for that stimulating
Eric Sevareid.
A Herman Morton.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSd-
tion. Those not used iDill be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Bomber Group History off, Target
By DONALD MINTZ

THE INCREDIBLE 3O5TH,
The "Can Do" B0mbers of
World War ii by Wilbur
H. Morrison. 18l PIP. (Duell,
Sloan and Pearce, $3.95D
1t is possible to write the
history of a wartime mill
tary unit solely in terms Of
its missions. These may have
been bloody, glorious, hide
Gus, noble and gallant. But
they also tended to be re-
petitive. And great deeds re-
peated pail in the retelling
as surely as if they were
petty.
BY its very nature, then,
the 305th Bombardment
Group (Heavy) has set a
trap for its historian. In his
new book, THE Incredible
305th," Wilbur H. Morrison,
a California public relations
man, has fallen in.
The 305th was part Of the
9th Air Force. From its bases
in Britain it carried out
high level, precision, day
light bombing attacks on
Nazi Germany and occupied
Europe. Its losses were con-
siderable and its bravery
more considerable still.
At the very least, the men
of the 305th gave the best
years of their lives in de-
fense of the west: at the
most, of course, that defense
cost those lives themselves.
And so the reader of THE
Incredible 305th" feels guilty
about his boredom as he
goes through mission after
mission. The boredom, how
ever, remains.
There are ways out for the
author, as innumerable
books about the war have
demonstrated. 1t is possible
to distill theory from COM
bat. Elucidation of theory
may be the authors aim or
it may be relatively Incl
dental, but in either case it
gives him a structural frame
, work.
MIR. MORRISON TELLS
US that high-level precision
bombing was controversial at
first. He tells us a little
about the theories of flight
formations developed by one
of the 305th's early war
time commanders, the then
Col. Curtis LeMay. But no
reader who had reached the
age of judgment by 1943 or
A will learn much that he
did not know, and many who
are younger will have already
picked up most of this ma
terial.
OF course, there is another
approach, one that begins
with the recognition that
fighting men are human be-
ings under enormous stress.
They can be made real in
history as well as in the
novel. -
Here. too, Mr.. Morrison has
failed US. He offers an enor-
nous apount Of dialogue,