davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1962-05-04

tuated at approximately the AGO.
900 case level until the outbreak
of World War II.
Although the japanese first
canned crab in 1892, growth Of
the industry was slow until 1923
when the successful development
of the floating cannery permitted
expansion of the fishing operation
away from Japan proper. BY 1890
the floating canneries started
working in the Boring Sea near
the Pribolof Islands in Bristol
Bay and along the north coast of
the Alaska Peninsula. Floating
canneries visited these waters
every year from 1850 10 1910, with
the exception Of 1881. The out
break of war in 1871 caused halt
to their fishing operations until
1858.
In the 19S0's, the increasing ae-
tivities of the Japanese floating
canneries in the eastern Boring
Sea aroused American interest in
our heretofore neglected resource.
In 1910. the President requested
the Secretary of Interior to in
vestigate the practically of estab-
fishing an American king crab in
dustry in Alaskan waters and N
the Boring Sea. In the face of
japanese competition, private en-
terpriSe was unwilling to under
take the venture and Congress, in
that same year, authorized the
Fish and Wildlife Service to con-
duct research on the problems of
king crab biology and technology,
and on the abundance and distri-
button of the resource. Accord
ingly, in 1910 and 1871, the Ser
vice conducted exploratory fishing
in the Boring Sea, along the Alas
ka Peninsula, Kodiak Island, Cook
Inlet, Prince William Sound, Yaku-
tat, Icy Straits, and Frederick
Sound. Biological research and
experiments in the technology OF
processing were also carried out.
Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1962-05-04
Migration Habits
CONTINUED iron Page -

Crabs are constantly rowing and
grazing the ocean floor, seemingly
in search of food. moving from less
abundant to more abundant for
age areas. The greatest crab-pro-
ducing areas seem 10 be those 81
to 50 fathons deep and having
extensive banks.
The lack of offshore tagging lin
the past) and/or fishing, makes
it difficult 10 isolate offshore pop
ulanons if they exist. Offshore
populations may exist that do not
frequent local bays except for a
possible periodic grazing visit. All
current Kodiak tagging data show
Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1962-05-04

conclusively that each bay has a
discrete population that annually
migrates offshore or to deep wa
ter. only to return for reproduc-
ton. Crabs schools, populations,
or age classes consisting of large
individuals may return to the bay
after a two-year absence. Suisse
ouent tag returns and increased
offshore tagging and fishing will
provide valuable data that is pres
emily lacking. The presence of
tagged crabs during all times of
the year within the bays of initial
release or just outside of the bay
where deeper water exists, is fur
Their evidence of localized popula-
tons within each bay system.
Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1962-05-04
Continued From Page 13l

ASoA2lAAAC4 Jill dSC All
ated in 1920 when a few cases of
canned king crab meat were
packed at Seldovia by the Arctic
Packing Company. In 1921 there
were sixty cases canned at Sell
dovia by the Alaska Year Round
Cannery. A small pack was again
put up at Seldovia in 1922. but
for the next two years production
ceased as the fishing was described
as unsuccessful" In 1925. IS
cases were packed at Seldovia,
but from 1926 to 1884 no CONNER
cial canning OF king crab took
place in Alaska.
In 1885 a pack Of 40 cases Of
canned king crab was put up ar
Hoonah in Southeastern Alaska.
From that time until 1e47 a small
pack was put up at Hoonah each
year with the exception Of 1945.
In addition, small packs were put
up at Seldovia, Homer and Kodiak.
The first determined effort to
exploit this resource was made in
1888 when the floating cannery
ship "Tondeleyo" of the Pacific
Fisheries and Trading Company
operated at Kodiak Island, the
Shumagin Islands, and the east
ern Bering Sea. The Tondeleyo,
which was 113 feet in length, had
fair fishing and put up an excel
lent pack, but the expense and I'M
certainty of exploratory fishing
made the venture Improbable.
The Japanese, on the other hand,
started exporting canned king crab
to the United States in 1906. Ex-
act figures on the amounts of i'm
ported crab meat for the 192O's
are not available, but it is prob
able that at least 100000 stand
ard cases of 49 half-pound flats
were received each year. A pre-
war production high of $1,000
cases was reached in Japan in
1890, and annual production f1uc-
Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1962-05-04

The results pointed the way to-
ward profitable commercial enter
prises in Cook Inlet. around ko-
diak Island, along the Alaska Pen.
insula and in the Boring Sea.
In an effort to assist the domes-
tie crab packers. the tariff on i'm
ported crab meat was raised from
49, 10 22ia & in Ie4l. Later that
year the outbreak of war brought
an end to the research being done
and extinguished hopes of large
scale American fishery for four
more years.
With the end Of the war in I945
American operators began 10 show
signs of interest IN AlasSa's king
Continued On Page 1o)
Evening star., 1962-10-14
BY the Associated Press

President Kennedy's cam
paigning next week end will
carry him into Ohio, Illinois,
Wisconsin, New Mexico. Mis-
souri,, Nevada and the State of
Washington, the Democratic
National Committee announced
yesterday.
He will swing through Con-
necticut next Wednesday and
will warm up for his Califor-
MIA tour of October 1921 with
October 25 appearances in
Wyoming, Utah, Idaho and
Oregon.
The itinerary announced at
party headquarters:
Friday, October 19-Leave
Washington in late morning
and arrive at Cleveland air.
port at noon; parade through
downtown Cleveland; arri'@ at
Springfield. III. in the early
afternoon; arrive at Chicago
in late afternoon from Spring
field with motorcade down.
town.
Saturday, October 2O-Leave
Chicago in mid-morning and
arrive at Milwaukee for air.
port speech in late morn
ing; arrive at st. Louis in early
afternoon for a motorcade and
speech; arrive at Albuquerque
in mid-afternoon for airport
speech; arrive at Las Vegas in
late afternoon; arrive at Sc
attic in early evening.
Sunday, October Fl = World
Fair at Seattle. leaving in early
afternoon, arriving in Wash
ington in late afternoon.
Evening star., 1962-10-14

with its general lines doubt 1t
will satisfy Mr.. Tshombe.
The Katanga leader is not
likely to go to Leopoldville him
self to receive the draft con-
stitution, but he is expected to
send a high ranking represent
ative.
In this way, it is hoped that
the reconciliation of Premier
Adoula and President Tshombe
can get under way.
While the United States is
using the carrot to induce
Katanga leaders to adopt con-
ciliatory policies, the United
Nations is brandishing the stick.
Mr.. Gardiner has also been
talking to Mr.. Tshombe against
a background of statements by
United Nations Secretary Cen
eral U Thant threatening eco
nomic sanctions against Ka-
tanga if commitments toward
unification are not carried out
promptly.
Mr.. Gardiner is expected to
report soon to Mr.. Thant on
the progress or lack of it in the
Tshombe talks.
The administrations change
in emphasis in Congo policy
comedies with a shift in re-
sponsibilities in the White
House staff. Ralph DUNCAN. a
former staff member of the
Senate Labor Committee, is
leaving his specialization in
Congo affairs and Carl Kasin,
former Harvard professor, is
taking it over.
A recent book on the Congo
by Smith Hempstone, former
Washington Star reporter now
with the Chicago Daily News
Foreign Service, is reported to
have influenced many Kennedy
administration officials in
their current thinking about
the Congo.
Among those who have re-
portedly read the book, entitled
'Rebels, Mercenaries and DiW-
dends," are Undersecretary of
State George Ball. President
Kennedy's appointments sec
retary, Kenneth O'Donnell, Mr.
Dugan and Mr.. Kasin.
The book has been better re-
ceived among the Presidents
appointees than among career
diplomats in the State Depart
ment.
Old Africa hands say Mr..
Hempstone's historical analysis
of tribal problems in the
Congo is authentic, but the
| treatment of the Congo's re-
cent troubles draws heavily on
Katanga propaganda"
One of the main points OF
the Hempstone book is that
there can be no permanent
settlement in the Congo un-
less Katanga's special position,
growing out of its historical
and industrial development, is
taken into account.
The author criticized at
tempts to force Katanga into
an unnatural mold inside the
Congo.
Evening star., 1962-10-14
Home Accidents Kill
Six Here in Week

Six Washington area persons
were killed in home accidents
this week and local hospitals
treated 1876 persons injured in
their homes, the District Red
Cross Safety Services reports.
The Red Cross noted that
home accidents have caused 124
deaths this year, compared with
118 for the same period last
year.
Evening star., 1962-10-14
Two Russion Films
To Be Shown at CIV

The George Washington Uni
versity Russian Language Club
will present two Russian films
at 8 pm. Wednesday in Wood
hull House, 203s G street NV.
"The Magic Horse" a full
length animated cartoon, and
Russian Ballet and Folk
Dances" will be introduced by
Leo Teholiz, an audiovisual ed
ucational specialist for the
United States Government. =.
Evening star., 1962-10-14
Kennedy Adds 13 Stutes
To His Campaign Tour

Thursday, October 25 - Ar
rive Chyenne, Wyo., in the
morning; arrive Salt Lake City
early afternoon; arrive Boise,
Idaho, in mid-afternoon; ar
rive Portland, Greg, late after
noon; in Los Angeles that
night.
Evening star., 1962-10-14
$4,000 JeweIy Theft

NEW YORK, Oct. 13 (AP).-
An Oklahoma man and his
wife have reported to police
the theft of jewelry worth S67,-
900 to $4,000 from their hotel
suite here. The loss included a
pearl and diamond ring valued
at $4,000. Mr.. and Mrs. Henry
Irwin of Bartlesville, Okla,
said yesterday they discovered
the loss when they we're dress
ing for dinner the evening be-
fore.
Evening star., 1962-10-14
PRESIDENT OK'S
SALE HERE OF
.O17-ACRE PLOT
Ry the Associated Press

President Kennedy has
signed a bill authorizing
sale of seventeen-thou-
sandths of an acre Of Fed
eral land in nearby Suit
land, Md, perhaps the
smallest plot of land ever
involved in the long legis-
lative process in Congress.
The land - about TAO
square feet-is adjacent to
the Suitland parkway in
Prince Georges County.
The Suitland lodge of the
Loyal Order of Moose
sought the land to give it
permanent access to and
from its quarters.
The lodge has been using
the land for years under a
revocable permit from the
National Park Service. 1t
is the only means Of access
from the lodge to a public
highway.
Evening star., 1962-10-14

Mr.. Tshombe that he is not
completely out of favor here.
Deputy Undersecretary OF
State George 'McGhee recently
spent three days in conferring
with Mr.. Tshombe in Eliza
bethvlle, the capital OF ka-
tanga.
He has been in the Congo
more than two weeks seeing
President Kasavubu, Premier
Adoula and his cabinet, United
Nations representative Robert
Gardiner, and other provincial
leaders.
Mr.. McGhee is expected to
return to Washington this
week to report to President
Kennedy and to Secretary OF
State Rusk.
No reports of his progress
with Mr.. Tshombe and Mr.,
Adoula have been issued. But
the length of his stay indicates
that President Tshombe and
the Union Miniere mining
interests in Katanga are getting
more friendly attention than
they did previously.
Hand of Friendship
AS one Washington official
put it yesterday, eve still sup
port the Adoula government,
but at the sams5time we're do
ing everything we can 70 create
an atmosphere of sweetness
and light in Elizabethville.
1--WE are trying to rebut the
idea the United States thinks
President Tshombe is an inter-
national pariah. We are trying
to react to Mr.. Tshombe's prop
aganda that nobody loves him,
We are saying we love him but
there must be an end to the
Katangese secession"
Last Thursday, five days az
ter Mr.. McGhee had left Kat
anga, Mr.. Tshombe announced
he was depositing 50 million in
hard currency in a British bank
for the use of the central gov
ernment of Premier Adoula.
This was the first important
step by Katanga to share its
mining revenues with the CEN
tral government since Katangs
declared its independence on
July /, 1860.
If President Tshombe were to
accept the United Nations con-
Citation proposal, which pro-
vides for a $3.50 split of Kat
anga's net revenues, he woulc
be depositing up to $40 million
a month to the central govern
ment's account.
Invitation Expected
Mr.. Adoula's first reciprocal
move toward conciliation with
Katanga presumably will be tc
issue invitations to the Congo's
provincial governors for consid-
Grafton of a new constitution
drafted with the help of experts
from Canada, India, Nigeria
and Switzerland.
Mr.. Adoula received the rec
commended constitution October
/. 1t repeatedly provides fol
considerable provincial auton-
ony, but officials here familiar
Evening star., 1962-10-14
IT, Giving Tshombe
FriendIier treatment
BY EARL H. V0SS
Star staff Writer

The Kennedy administrations pecy on Congo unifica
ton is shifting The United States emphasizing concaton
for Katangas secessons Tshombe while still support
ing the central government of Cyrlle Adoua. ~
Merger OF Katanga into unified Congo is suu tne
United States goal but Washington trying to convince
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26
Pulling PredictsHorro
Seeks Atom est Ban

generations assuming the
human race survives"
1--WE are moving rapidly
toward the catastrophe of
nuclear war;" he said. Sur
vivors will not remain alive very
long in the radioactive waste
lands that their countries be-
come"
The professor said existing
stockpiles of nuclear weapons
were great enough to destroy
the human race" and added he
estimated the American stock
pile at the equivalent of 100000
megatons, the equivalent of 100
billion tons Of INT. He esti-
mated the Soviet stockpile at
half the American.
Russell Hits British Policy
Earl Bertrand Russell, au-
thor, 80, philosopher and presi-
dent of the antinuclear Com
mittee of 100," accused the
British government of "prepar-
ing global butchery."
The crowd, shivering in a
cold snowy afternoon, cheered
Lord Russell and the Pauling
statement. DR.. Pauling, fire.
quently a critic of United
States policy, visited the So
Wet Union late last year ano
was quoted there as saying he
opposed resumption of Soviet
nuclear testing but that he
understood Russia was forced
to take the step.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26

LONDON, Feb. rs (AP).-
DR.. Linus Pauling, American
Nobel prize-winning chemist,
said yesterday recent Soviet
atomic testing in the at
mosphere eventually will claim
more than 4 million victims
throughout the world.
THAT is the meaning of the
Soviet resumption of tests. 1t
compares with the consign-
ment of Jews to the gas
chambers" DR.. Pauling said in
a statement read to 5000 per-
sons by Actor Tony Church at
a ban-the-bomb rally in Ira
falgar Square. He was not
present.
my government and the
British government will now
resume tests" his statement
went on. This is premeditated
murder of millions of people.
The statement by DR.. Pauling
professor of chemistry at thu
California Institute of Tech
nology, said the Soviet test'
mean 100000 children will b.
born with gross physical ane
mental defects in the next few
generations.
Paints Picture of Disaster
1.-The carbon IA produced will
cause an estimated total OF fou
million stillbirths, embryonic
neo-natal or childhood death
and viable children with phys
ical and mental defects. Thes
4 million victims will b.
spread out over some score o
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26

1959 Mercury capsule
tested over Atlantic Missile
Range utilizing ATLAS
ICBM;; impact prediction
data supplied 80. by G.E
Radio Command.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26
Ronald Reagan Heads
Wriqht's Senute Ruce

LOS ANGELES, Feb. 26
(AP). - Actor Ronald Reagan
has been appointed campaign
chairman for Lloyd Wright, for
mer president Of the American
Bar Association now seeking
CALIFORNIA; Republican nomi-
nation for United States Sen
ator. The appointment was an
nounced yesterday.
The incumbent is Republic
can Thomas Kuchel, minority
whip in the Senate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26
100 Underground
Give Concert
With Ration Cans
BY the Associated Press

One hundred Sailors made
music with ration cans and
anything else they could uss
for improvised instruments, but
no one else heard their i'm
promptu concert.
The Navy said the sailors,
taking part in a two-week fall
out shelter test, staged the con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26

GG) John T. White. shelter
commander, increased the ali
flow from $50 to 600 cubic feet
per minute. thus lowering
temperatures from 80 to 7e
degrees. The only heat in the
shelter Is provided by body
heat.
Some loss Of weight on the
1900 calorie-per-day diet has
been reported, but the Navy
said 1t now is leveling off.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26

cert Saturday night to relieve
boredom in their cramped I'M
foreground quarters on tine
Naval Hospital grounds in
Bethesda.
The sailors, beginning their
10th day underground today
are testing the effects of close
quarters living in event of nu-
clear attack.
The Navy also reported that
morale was boosted when 1t,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26

nary a jug on its stock shelves.
The City Council held that
folks who ordinarily wouldn't
go into a liquor store were en-
titled to a preview Of the new
building.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26
Hiqh Court ForecIoses
Bus Segregation Suits

But as passengers using the
segregated transportation facil-
ities," the court said in a !
unanimous unsigned opinion,
they are aggrieved parties and
have standing to enforce their
rights to non-segregated treat
ment."
In ruling that one Federal
judge could hear their case
against segregated facilities
rather than three judges, the
court explained that the reasons
for converting an extraordinary
court are inapplicable here be-
cause the policy behind the
three judge requirement is that
a single judge ought not to be
empowered to invalidate a State
statute under a Federal claim.
Kept in Federal Courts
The court said that while the
case could not be brought to
the high court on direct appeal.
the Supreme Court did have
the jurisdiction to make cor
rective orders and that is what
it was doing here in keeping
the question in the Federal
court rather than sending the
case to State courts.
In another civil rights order
today, the court dealt with the
problem of the Rev. F. L.
Shuttlesworth, who had applied
to the high court for a writ of
habeus corpus. The minister
was given 80 days at hard
labor for violating the breach
of the peace statute in Birm-
ingham, Ala.
The minister claimed that
he was arrested because he was
seen with some Negroes before
they took their seats in the
white section of a Birmingham
bus in October, 1858.
The court ruled that if Mr..
Shuttlesworth failed to get bail
within five days from the time
he applied for it, he may go
into Federal court, which could
then consider all State rem
edies exhausted and proceed to
hear the case.
Texas City Decision Stands
In another action today. the
Court refused to review a lower
court decision freeing the
French government and the
French Line from paying up to
$75 million in claims arising
from more than 500 deaths,
more than 5000 injuries and
widespread destruction through
the port area of Texas City. The
catastrophe occurred when the
explosion of q French ship
spread fire to refineries, gaso-
line storage tanks and chemical
plants.
The Government, which had
taken over claims amounting
to $40 million, and the Texas
City Terminal Railway Co.
which claimed a SIS million loss,
had sought the high court
review.
The French shipping COM
pany and the French govern
ment originally brought suit
to be exonerated, or limited in
their liability. They lost in
District Court but the Court
of Appeals ruled that, under
Texas law, damage caused by
the explosion could be attrib-
uted to their negligence when
they could not foresee that an
explosion would occur.
The Government had taken
OVER the claims after Congress
enacted the Texas City Dis
aster Relief Act of 1855, under
which the United States paid
up to $25, 900 to uninsured dis
!. aster victims and all but the
Texas City Terminal claims
were assigned to the Govern
ment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26
Dry Run Decreed

NORRIS, MINI. Cap The
Morris municipal liquor store
had a grand opening" with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
Star Staff Writer


The Supreme Court said to-
day that racial segregation in
transportation facilities is so
clearly unconstitutional that no
special court is needed to rule
in such cases.
It directed the United States
District Court in Mississippi to
rule on protests by Freedom
Riders who were arrested in
jackson, Miss.
The court told the District
Court to dispose of the case ex-
peditiously, "in the light OF this
(today's) opinion.
The decision enabled a group
opposing segregated facilities
to sue Mississippi Transporta-
ton Lines in Federal court, but
rejected the groups efforts to
enjoin pending prosecution OF
Freedom Riders in Mississippi.
The case went to the Supreme
Court on an appeal by the
Riders from a ruling by a spe-
cial three-judge Federal court
in Jackson last November IT.
Refused to Enjoin
The special court refused to
enjoin State and city officials
from enforcing racial segrega-
ton under various State laws.
1t also refused to order a halt
to prosecutions of Freedom
Riders, saying the issues raised
had to be decided first by State
courts.
The Supreme Court today dis
agreed with this.
It said there was no need for
a three-judge court and a sim
gle Federal judge could rule on
the riders allegation that State
segregation laws affecting
transportation were unconsti-
tutional.
The high court said a three
Judge court is required only
when an injunction is sought
on the ground of unconstitu-
tionality of a statute. But it
added, there is no such ground
when the constitutional issue
presented is essentially ficti-
tiouS."
Question FOreclOsed
Chief Justice Warren read
the courts unsigned opinion
which said:
1--WE have settled beyond
question that no State may re-
quire racial segregation of in
terstate or interstate tranSpor-
tation facilities the ques-
ton is no longer open; it is
foreclosed as a litigable ISSUE
Jack Greenberg, director
counsel of the National Associa-
ton for the Advancement OF
Colored Peoples legal defense
fund, promptly hailed the de-
cision as a victory for the anti
segregation cause although ii
does not stop Mississippi from
prosecuting Freedom Riders.
The case challenged the en-
tire sweep of Mississippi's laws
and Jackson (Miss.) ordinances
as they affect racial segrega-
ton. None of the three who
brought the suit had been ar
rested as a Freedom Rider, but
all complained of being segre-
gated in using public transpor-
tation and terminal facilities.
Lack of Standing Seen
The court ruled that the
three jackson Negroes who
brought the case lacked stand.
ing to halt the criminal prose
cutions now pending agains
the Freedom Riders under Mis-.
sissippi's breach of the peace
statute since they have mo-
been prosecuted or threatened
with prosecution.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-26

1y6I In preparation for manned space
flight, a chimp named Enos was success
fully recovered from the Atlantic after two
orbits around the earth; on an earlier flight,
the first Mercury capsule carrying an "e|ec-
tronic astronaut' was placed in orbit. Both
flights we're guided :. by G.E Radio Command.