The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1962-04-27

the Congo.
BY these methods, "wars of
liberation" can be fought as
internal revolutions, once sub
version and psychological war
fare have prepared a suitable
base. By these techniques,
Communist power can be ex-
banded in a military fashion
without external invasion.
Diplomatic pressure a
been exercised on many
fronts, often in combination
with yelled military threats.
For example,, European NATO
powers are told that they
would be the first victims in
a nuclear war, and not the
United States.
EVERY EFFORT is made to
create or exploit differences
within the anti-C Communist al
liances. The Soviet Union has
consistently tried to weaken
the United Nations and to ex-
tend its veto power to the in
ternal functioning of this or
ganization.
Its persistent aim is to drive
ant~i-C nations into
neutraliSm, and neutral ma
lions into policies favoring the
Soviet bloc. 1t is particularly
adept at exploiting grievances
based on political or economic
colonization in Asia, Africa,
and Latin America.
Communist tacticians have
developed psychological war
fare to a high degree. They
create and lessen tensions in
the attempt to wiring the last
possible concession in inter-
national conferences.
They have a worldwide prop
uganda apparatus and know
the value Of propaganda
through action. They stir up
riots, demonstrations, and 9TH
er forms of agitation to spread
their ideas and to confuse and
intimidate their enemies.
CLOSELY CONN EcTED
with psychological warfare is
the weakening of opponents
through internal subversion
Local Communist Parties seek
to foment discomfort over eco
nomic and social grievances.
They parrot the Moscow-di-
rected attacks upon United
States and other free nations.
So far as possible, they ha-
rass their governments with
impossible demands for imme-
diate and sweeping social
changes. They are particular
ly obstructive when a govern
ment is seeking social reform,
since any l%eSsening of discon-
tent would weaken their ap-
peal.
The danger of subversion is
greatest in the developing ma
tons of Asia, Africa, and Lat
IN America. In Latin Amer
lea, for example, the contrast
between extreme poverty and
. great and ostentatious wealth
offers fertile ground for Com
munist agitation where land
reform and a greater measure
of social justice are desper-
ately needed.
A similar problem exists in
the Near East. Frustrated in
tellectuals in these areas oft
EN- turn Communist. Many of
them are trained in the Soviet
Union to become expert agita-
tors and revolutionaries.
CUBA AFFORDS a clear ex-
ample of their technique of
Selling control of a revolution
that was not broadly and
openly Communist at the be-
ginning.
In much of Africa, Com
munists seek to train the fu-
ture leaders of the new ma
tons. They offer scholarships
to Soviet universities. In addi-
ton, many nations of the So
Wet bloc are willing to send
technical experts to these
countries.
The U.S.S.R. itself has a
fairly extensive program of
loans and grants to develop
ing nations. Moreover, both
Russia and China argue that
their rapid development from
agrarian societies to industrial
nations offers a pattern that
will bring quick results in
areas that impatiently seek
their share of the worlds
wealth.