davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-04-04
Black MusIim's Case
For Jail Rites Heard

Mr.. Prettyman said he would
try to show the court that Mr..
Clemmer turned down repeated
requests to let Muslims hold
religious services at the prison,
although other religious serv-
ices are allowed. This is a
clear violation of the separa-
ton of church and state and
violates the First Amend
ment," Mr.. Prettyman argued.
Assistant Corporation Coun-
sci James M. eastman told the
court he would try to show
that "every treatment accorded
Fulwood was done not with re-
spect to religion but to viola
ton of prison regulations"
Mr.. eastman said Mr.. Glenn
mer ruled against the Muslims
on grounds their tenets include
a rabid racist doctrine against
the white race that he believed
would be detrimental to the
good order of the city's penal
institutions"
Evening star., 1962-04-04
Buds Coy as Blossom Festival Opens

The blossoms are holding
back, but the 1862 Cherry Bios
som Festival is now officially
under way.
Despite a frosty 80 degrees
this morning, warmer weather
is ahead along with five more
days of blossom worship.
There was only a suggestion
Of pink at yesterdays opening
ceremony at the japanese stone
latern in West Potomac Park.
Miss Mariko Kosaka, daugh-
ter of Japan'S Minister for For
eign Affairs, threw the switch
that Illuminated the lantern, a
gift from the governor of Tokyo
in 1854. Miss Kosaka wore ira
ditional Japanese garb.
She read a message from her
father in which the Foreign
Minister declared of the cherry
trees planted half a century
ago: I'm so springtimes they
have yielded a rich harvest of
friendship and goodwill, but
never with such abundance as
this year."
The Foreign Minister'S senti-
ments were repeated again and
again by officials during the
ceremonies.
Evening star., 1962-04-04

A hearing to determine
whether members of the Black
Muslin sect can hold religi-
GUS ceremonies at Washington
penal institutions opened to-
day in District Court.
The action was brought by
William T. x. Fulwood, an in
mate at District Jail, against
Donald Clemmer, director OF
the Districts Department OF
Corrections, and Samuel An
derson, superintendent of Dis
trict Jail.
Fulwood has served about
two and one-half years at Lor.
ton Reformatory and District
Jail on a two-to-eight-yeal
sentence for robbery.
E. Barrett Prettyman, jr,
Fulwood's attorney, charget
today before Judge Burnita S
Matthews that Fulwood ha
been punished, harasSed ant
Disseminated against" at tn
institution "all because of hi
religious beliefs"
Evening star., 1962-04-04

the meeting Of the United
StateS-Japan Committee on
Trade and Economic Affairs in
Japan last November.
Shared EnthuSiamS
I'm sure I speak in behalf
of the President and all the
members Of his cabinet when
I say that we look forward to a
deepening of friendship" Mr..
Udall declared.
Love of trees like the cherry
tree is one of the enthuSiasms
the two countries share, along
with a love of nature and
beauty, he said.
Ambassador Asakai noted
that the cherry trees were
meant mot only to beautify
your national city but to stand
as a symbol Of Japanese
American friendship"
Another speaker, w. Aver
ell Hartman, Assistant Sec
retary of State for Far Eastern
Affairs, declared II know of
my own experience the very
warm feeling the people of
Japan have toward U.S."
Mr.. Hartman reported that
Tokyo plans a 50th anniver-
Sary celebration of its own
commemorating the planting
of the trees.
May our friendship grow as
trees grow, in dignity and
beauty" he said.
Evening star., 1962-04-04

has seen the strengthening of
the bonds between the United
States and Japan.
For the first time in history,
more than half of a Presidents
cabinet, "at his direction, "
have visited in Japan, he said.
In addition to the Attorney
Generals recent trip, Secre-
taries RuSk, Hodges, Freeman,
Goldberg and Udall attended
Evening star., 1962-04-04
Tuwes Gets More
Primary Backing

ANNAPOLIS. April 4 (AP).
i The Anne Arundel County
Democratic State Central Com
mittee announced yesterday its
unanimous Endorsement of the
ticket headed by Gov. Tawes in
the May Is primary.
j. Nelson Clark and C. Le-
roy Dixon, campaign managers
for the county Democratic
ticket headed by Senator Louis
N. PhippS, made the announce
ment. Mr.. Clark is a member
of the State Central Commit
tee and also its treasurer.
Gov Tawes had previously
been indorsed by Senator
Phipps' Democratic opponent,
Delegate John NJ. Whitmore.
and his ticket. He also has
been indorSed by Ralph L. Low
man, North County Democratic
leader.
The Central Committee. con-
trolled by Senator Phipps. is
backing the entire Phipps slate
in the primary.
Evening star., 1962-04-04
TOMORROW

Mrs. Walter N. Tobriner, wife
of the president of the Board
of District Commissioners. Mrs.
Tobriner stood in for Mrs. Rob-
ert F. Kennedy, wife Of the At
torney General, a recent visitor
to Japan. Bryson Rash, mas
ter of ceremonies, said Mrs.
Kennedy was i'll.
Secretary of the Interior
Udall noted that the past year
Evening star., 1962-04-04

The Kennedy formula would
fix the Federal payment by
adding the taxes lost to the
District on property owned by
the Federal Government, on
property exempted by Congress
from taxation and on personal
property used by the Federal
Government, plus an estimated
loss in business taxes because
this is the seat of the Federal
Government.
JavitS Testifies
Senator JavitS, Republican
of New York, was an unex-
pected witness today. He was
devoted to the principle OF
home rule, he said, but open
minded about details.
Walter N. Tobriner, presi-
dent of the Board of Commits
SionerS, said he had enjoyed
serving the city, but would be
even more pleased to be re-
lieved of his job by passage of
a home rule bill.
Even with our recent in
creaseS in taxes, we will, in the
immediate future, face seri-
GUS shortages in the general
fund" Tobriner said. He was
for the Kennedy formula,
either as part of a home rule
bill, or as separate legislation.
Hearings will continue to-
morrow and probably the next
day before the entire District
Committee. The White House
wants a bill passed promptly.
So, both the testimony and
committee action is expected to
be expedited by Chairman Bible.
Proponents will continue to
appear tomorrow. The opposi-
tion-primarily the Board of
Trade-iS slated for Friday.
Evening star., 1962-04-04
HOWE RULE
Tobriner Stresses Financial Needs

lican Representative Widnall of
New Jersey, promising another
House drive for passage of a
bill acceptable to members of
both parties.
Seek Territorial Status
This year, a steering" COM
mittee has prepared a draft
of a bill for a territorial gov
ernment here. The Presi-
dent would appoint a gov
ernor and the people elect
a legislative council. This ver-
sion draws more from former
President Eisenhower'S bill
than from Mr.. Kennedy's. The
backing of junior House Re-
publicanS is deemed essential to
a successful home rule CAM
paign.
Senator Bible said he was not
welded to any particular con-
cept of self-government for the
District.
He urged critics to come for
ward with their complaints
about self-government, so that
the committee may negotiate
with them "in a spirit of good
faith and fair play"
Trade Board Opposed
The major opposition tradi-
tionally has come from the
Metropolitan Washington Board
of Trade, claiming that Wash
ington, as a Federal city, should
be the responsibility of all the
citizens of the United States
rather than of the 1853, 900 Dis
trict residents.
Repeated inaction in the
House, however, also has been
blamed on a fear that the
majority population of Negroes
would keep in power a local
government dominated by Ne
prOeS.
Evening star., 1962-04-04
HE SAID AIR STREAMS

HE SAID AIR STREAMS
transport dust enormous dis
tances. A fellow Briton gave
ample proof of that. Cyril v.
Ockenden remembers when
dust flew across the Atlantic
from Canada to give the Eng
lish moon a romantic blue
cast.
DR.. Helmut E. Landsberg,
chief of the climatology de-
partment of the United
States Weather Bureau re-
called this dust came from
heavy forest fires in Western
Canada in the early 1950s.
Volcanic ash is another
substance with far reach
ing consequences. "Wh en-
volcanic ash is thrown to a
great height in the air, as in
the eruption of Krakatoa, it
takes from one to three years
to SETTLE" says C. E. Brooks
in his book, "Clim a tie
Through the Ages"
Because this dense ash
greatly interferes with the
passage of solar radiation,
sun cannot sift through and
it is cloudy and lower tenn
peratures are recorde d
throughout the world.
Krakatau erupted in Indo-
nesia in 1883 and the next
year was referred to as "the
year without a summer"
Evening star., 1962-04-04

were before the Bible commit
tee this morning.
Mr.. Kennedy has asked for a
seven-member council, one
elected from each of seven pre-
cincts. Eighteen year olds
could vote. The President
could veto council acts and the
Congress would retain ultimate
legislative authority.
Senator Morse has proposed a
nine-member council, elected
from three precincts. His vot-
ing age would be 81. The city
would be organized much as
the President suggested, except
that the National Capital Plan
ming Commission could veto
zoning acts of the council.
Mr.. Kennedy would have
candidates listed on ballots by
political party. Senator Morse
would ban party nStlngS.
Senator Morse said he
planned to revamp his bill so
that councilmen would be
that councilmen would be elect
ed by voters within wards rath-
er than by city-wide elections.
Both his original bill and the
Kennedy version set up CITY,
wide elections, although NOM
nations would be by precincts.
Smith Spurs Drive
Senator Smith, Democrat of
Massachusetts,, urged action as
a former Mayor OF Gloucester,
Mass, as one of the 537 part
time mayor" in Congress and
as a Washington citizen.
He insisted that the Ken
nedy bill protected against a
repetition of the near bank
ruptcy suffered by the city in
the 1880s during the last era
of a locally elected government
in the District.
From the House came Repub-
Evening star., 1962-04-04

and false or misleading head
lines"
Mr.. Duncan said his refer
ence to misleading headlines
was not aimed at any particu-
lar subject. but about teaching
young people to distinguish be-
tween truth and falSehood.
Commissioner Duncan, Mrs.
Richard c. SimonSon, presi-
dent of the District League of
Women Voters, and Hugh S.
Smith, active in community af-
fairs, received special recogni-
ton awards at the convocation.
Evening star., 1962-04-04
A SMILING FRENCHMAN

A SMILING FRENCHMAN
named R. Mittner contri-
buted his information in
English:
"I remember reading Of
it seems to me it was in one
of the Mediterranean coun-
tries-when it rained sar-
dimes. The storm cloud passes
over a lake and it picks up
frogs and fishes.
Have you not seen on a
beach a big umbrella-how
the heavy wind sucks it up
and carries it away? 1t is the
same thing"
Toufig Fattah, Inspector
General of Meteorology in
Bagdad, said sometimes dust
storms composed of fine clay
particles will merge with
heavy showerS-and then the
skies drop a blood-red rain.
"The rains drench every
thing with red, especially the
white cement buildings. One
time the year before last, the
whole city of Bagdad was
covered with red," he said,
looking down and passing his
hand over an imaginary Bag
dad on the floor of the State
Department.
"And when it dries!" he
said, making a face and
shaking his head. "Fortu-
nately we do not get this very
often. The dust is imported
from the west. 1t is light, like
powder, and it blows over into
Iraq."
The Sahara got blamed for
most of the colored rains and
SHOWS and the fish raindropS
in Europe but the fish story
applies to the United States,
too. One report says in Ala
bama in June, 1857, fish fell
by the thousands during a
rainstorm which followed a
tornado.
81 once experienced a tor
nado," said L. H. Starr of
England. "I thought there
we're bits of newspaper fly
ing around up there. They
turned out to be scraps of
corrugated iron.
do we get colored fog?
Well, the old pea souper was
literally green. 1t doesn't
happen so much now. We're
learning how to control the
smoke that gets into the at
mosphere, which is what COL
ors the fog. No, there's never
a pink fog-it comes only in
black, grey, green and white"
Evening star., 1962-04-04

bottled up in the House. OFF,
cials of the college say D. c,
Teachers could go ahead with
junior college plans with little
additional funding. They said
plans have advanced to the
formulation of admissions re-
quirementS.
Commissioner Duncan, ad-
dressing a special convocatior
at the college, also warned in
a comment on street crime and
racial discrimination that the
public should beware of "those
who fail to do their homework
Evening star., 1962-04-04
Home Rule Vote Issue
Splits Party Leaders

election by wards would "give
everyone a voice in the law
making process. He added:
THE racial, economic and
religious groups in the District
tend to be concentrated in
certain geographical areas
They all have different prob
lens and should have a voice
in the government.
ANY minority group would
be at an extreme disadvantage
if elections are held city-wide. ="
He added that ward elections
would also permit candidates
to run who could not afford
the sizable expenditures in
volved in a city-wide campaign,
Mr.. Shipley also said that
he believed a larger council will
be needed than the one pro-
posed by the administration or
Morse bills if the people of
the District are to have ade-
quate representation.
Differ on Council
The administration bill calls
for a Seven-man council while
the Morse measure would pro-
vide a nine-man council. Mr.,
Shipley indicated he favors a
provision in a home rule bill
by Representative SchWengel,
Republican of Iowa, calling for
a 34-man council, one council
man for every two of the city's
68 precincts.
Mr.. Rauh said that the pro-
poSal for ward nominations ano
city wide elections was g
reasonable compromise between
those who favored total ward
elections and those who wanted
city-wide elections.
Nomination by wards will
provide negihborhood and Mi
nority representation" he said
Election by the whole city will
insure high caliber candidates
There is nothing in any way
raciSt about the administra-
tion'S bill anywhere other than
in Shipley'S fantasy"
Evening star., 1962-04-04
HOME RULE
Continued From Page A.,

Continued From Page Al
Uncle Sam steadily paid half
the costs of running the cap
ital city from 1878 to 1923.
Senator Beall, Republican of
Maryland, said he hoped that
whatever legislation finally was
passed would carry a percent
age formula for the Federal
payment. Home rule testi-
money was no less important
at hearings, the Senator
claimed, because it had been
said before.
Powers Unchanged
A White House spokesman,
Elmer B. Stats, arguing for the
Kennedy measure, stressed that
the President could veto elected
council acts within 10 days.
Congress could continue to leg
islate for the District with
neither a time nor subject limi-
tation.
Mr.. Stats, who is deputy di-
rector of the Budget Bureau,
said these safeguards protected
the Federal interests here. And
he told the committee of a new
Federal interest, which only
can be served by home rule.
"The national interest today
may well be best served if the
Capital of the worlds leading
democracy is made a model of
democratic self government in
purely local affairs" Mr.. Stats
testified.
He said the Kennedy Fed
eral payment formula would
eliminate the need for Federal
loans to finance capital i'm
provements not covered by tax
revenues.
Two firm proposals to change
the form of District government
Evening star., 1962-04-04
BY CHARLES d. PIERCE
Star Staff Writer

A new home rule election
proposal by Senator Morse,
Democrat of Oregon, has
sporked sharply differing re-
actions from District Republi-
can and Democratic leaders.
Senator Morse told the Sen
ate District Committee today
he intends to amend the home
rule bill he had introduced to
provide for election of District
council members by wards
rather than city-wide.
Both the administration and
Senator Morse now have home
rule bills pending before the
Senate District Committee
Each of these measures provides
for nomination of council men,
bers by wards, but for election
of the council members in a
city-wide vote.
However, Senator Morse said
that he believes that election
from wards would be a fairer
procedure.
Agrees With Morse
Carl Shipley, chairman of
the District Republican State
Committee, said that he agreed
with Senator Morse because
"only the rich and the popular
would be elected in a city-wide
vote.
But Joseph Rauh, vice chair
man of the District Democratic
Central Committee, said he
strongly disagreed with the
Republican chairman and Sem
ator Morse.
The difference between Mr..
Rauh and Senator Morse could
deepen an old split between
the two which developed when
Mr.. Rauh backed Senator
Humphrey, Democrat of Min
neSota, against Senator Morse
in the Districts last presiden-
tial preference primary.
Mr.. Shipley contended that
Evening star., 1962-04-04

neurological Organization, are
in Washington for a month
of sober discussions on the
problems of transporting
weather data around the
world.
But cornered between
meetings in the marble hall
ways of the State Depart
ment, they got all picturesque
about the weather.
Last month, ConStantin
Sorodoc saw golden snow in
his home city of Bucharest.
Through a French interpret
er he said, Wind lifted the
dust from Sahara. 1t brought
dust up to the heights of the
clouds. When it showed, it
was not white. 1t was yellow
brown"
In his land it SHOWS long
and often but seldom in tech
nicolor. This was only the
second time Mr.. Sorodoc had
seen it.
Evening star., 1962-04-04
SCHEDULE OF EVENTS
AT BLOSSOM FESTIVAL
TODAY.

BIS pm.-Army Pageant, prelude to Taps" at
the Washington Coliseum.
pm.-Marine Band Cherry Blossom Concert
Departmental Auditorium Fifteenth street and Consti
tuition avenue NV
TOMORROW
Noon - Band Jamboree, Brookand-Cayce High
School Band from Cayce S. c.. on PerShing Square,
Fourteenth street and Pennsylvania avenue NV.
am. to pm.-High school band contest Nc
Donough Gymnasium, Georgetown University
$3.50 am.-ROTC drill team competition National
Guard Armory.
S:15 pm.-Army Pageant, prelude to Taps" at
Washington Coliseum Cherry Blossom PrincesSes will
participate Obain free tickets by writing 1862 National
Cherry Blossom Festival 1916 street NV, Washington
6, D. c.
Evening star., 1962-04-04
Duncan Backs Plans
To Add Junior CoIIeqe
Public Higher Education Too Limited,
Convocution at D. c. Teachers Is Told

Commissioner John Duncan today backed plans for a
Junior college division of D. C. Teachers College.
also predicted that Congress eventually will establish
a regular public university here.
declared that for long the District has been limited
in its public higher education"
junior college to D. c. Teachers College is
Evening star., 1962-04-04
Two Symbolic Trees

Two cherry trees commemo-
rating the first planting of the
japanese gift were planted by
Mrs. Koichiro Asakai, wife of
the Japanese Ambassador, and
Evening star., 1962-04-04
The
Rambler
Finds
An April Shower
BY MYRA MACPHERSON

A Romanian was talking
about the day the snow was
golden and a Frenchman
added he knew Of a day it
rained Sardines. Then this
Englishman said there was
a night when the moon was
blue. And all this on not so
much as a glass of water, yet.
The men, distinguished
members of the World Me-
Evening star., 1962-04-04

George Kennedy is on voeotion.
Navajo times., 1962-09-05
September S, 1862
(Continued from Page A 2O)

CONTINUED from Page A 10Y
concluded that The People were
overcrowded on their IS thousand
square miles of land. AS corol-
larry of this, the report said that
half The People should move off
the reservation. This has present.
ed large difficulties: many do not
want to leave their home, others
lack the education or training for
life off the reservation.
Another conc clusion of the report
lin some ways more realistic, in
other ways more visionary onec
change the reservation economy
from such a great dependence on
sheep. Make jobs for The People.
Already some great changes
have occurred. In 1910, livestock
and agriculture contributed So. 4
per cent of the total Navajo income.
In 1858, it comprised little more
than 10 per cent of total income.
In the recent past, the greatest
number of reservation jobs have
been created by the federal gov
ernment and the Navajo Trib l
government. Last year, the United
States employed over 100 per-
sons on the reservation, the Tribe
around 1000.
Navajo times., 1962-09-05
Road Bill
(Continued from Page l

One very real problem has aris-
en- due to the Anderson Bill: where
to house the personnel necessary
to supervise the construction work.
1t is pretty hard these days to get
engineers. the type of inspectors
required, chiefs of party, and 9TH
ers to come out here and camp
under a sage bush. Navajo Agency
is to be complimented on the way
they have faced the problem.
The impact of the Anderson
Bill on other programs of the Bur-
eau of Indian Affairs is difficult
to evaluate. Who can say the bene-
fits to be derived by Educ alton.
Public Health, Welfare and others.
Certainly, we know they will be
great. Who can say the benefits to
be derived by the individual Nava-
jos and the Navajo Tribe 2 Certain
ly, there will be innumerable
opportunities for business enter
prises all along both routes. Fill
ing stations, cafes, tourist courts,
crafts shops. etc.. will spring up
all along the way. do not feel
competent to comment on the bene-
fits to be derived by the oil COM
panies operating in the Four
Corners Area, but we know it will
assist them materially in their
exploration and development work
Who can say what industrial de-
velopments might be attracted to
the Area with adequate ground
transportation facilities available.
Certainly, the construction of these
roads will mean the dawn of a new
era for the country it traverses
Navajo times., 1962-09-05
NTUA's Coal
CONTINUED from Page 1

noticeable progress since it be-
came operational in July 1860.
An existing system at Shiprock,
NM, has been extended west to
Teec Nos Pos, Arizona, and will
obtain power from the new Four
Corners plant being constructed
by the Arizona Public Service
Company.
The lines were constructed by
Navajo trainees, with contractor
providing equipment and skilled
supervisors. The method was
somewhat more expensive than
straight contracting. but it kept
81 cents of each wage dollar on the
reservation. In April, the Navajo
Navajo times., 1962-09-05

Tribal Utility Authority employed
40 Navajos and four ur-non-Indians.
A budget for fiscal 1868 provides
for 112 Navajos and IL non-n-
dianS.
Currently worth approximately
So million, the system is expected
to be worth more than $6 million
by 1864.
The authority also operates
water and sewer systems at Win
dow Rock, Tuba City, Tohatchi,
NM, and the new sawmill town of
Navajo, MN. 1t will operate a
natural gas system soon to replace
bottled gas in some reservation
towns.
But its primary emphasis is on
Navajo times., 1962-09-05
period.

period.
The availability of this electric
power makes possible a better
standard of living for thousands of
Navajo people as well as making
possible vast industrial expansion.
Construction on the drawing boards
is now limited to the more popu-
lous eastern end of the reserva-
tion because of limitations on get
ting power on the western side at
the present time. 1t is hoped this
problem can be solved by the De-
partment of Interior.
Eventually. though, as one of
the tribal officials declared, "T'he
authority will give us a light bulb
in every hogan, and TV sets for
those who want them.
Navajo times., 1962-09-05
THE NAVAJO TIMES
Page 3

The nearby railroads off the
reservation have always been
sympathetic employers of Navajo
labor, with as many as 4.3OO
Navajos on the payroll in a single
year 1857 But railroad carload
ings have dropped; the Navajo
maintenance workers and carload
ers naturally feel the impact when
traffic volume decline