davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-29
Atrocities of 1862 Battle Are Compared
With That Aspect of q NucIeor War

a regiment. It marched with
Gen. Van Dorm.
A smaller Federal army
(12,00O was well led by Gen.
Samuel Curtis. AS it waited,
it cut down trees to make
breastworks and to block
roads. It also skillfully cam
ouflaged its artillery posi-
tons. A heavy snowfall as
sisted the deception.
In the early stages Of the
engagement the Indians did
well, fighting frontier style.
They took scalps and COM
mitted other atrocities. On
the second day they came
under heavy fire by the Fed
erals and soon took flight.
(The story Of Pea Ridge got
back to the tribes in Okla
homa with the survivors and
stimulated a heavy increase of
enlistment in the Federal
army. Some took the oath,
even though they still were
clad in the remnants of
their gray uniforms worn at
Pea Ridge. The influence of
slave-owning. wealthy Indi-
ans steadily declined.)
Defeat and the loss Of two
generals threw the Confed-
crate army into disorder and
flight. The army had been
unwisely divided for two
thanking strikes and had
been cut to pieces. The story
of the Confederate retreat
through the Snow-covered
hills was called "a Little
Moscow" The suffering was
undoubtedly great, as the
wretched, shattered units
were without supplies or ade-
quate clothing.
Stories of the atrocities
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-29
Lecturer Will Show
Film of Australia

Nicol Smith, world traveller
and lecturer, will present his
color film, Australia" at the
National Geographic Society
lecture program at 4:45 and
$3.50 pm. tomorrow.
The showing concludes the
society's 74th season of weekly
lecture programs. More than
5000 members Of the National
Geographic Society attended
the 10 films and lectures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-29
RALPH McGILL

It is a span of but one
century from the taking Of
scalps by Indians at the Civil
War battle Of Pea Ridge,
Ark, in March, 1862, and the
growing fear of nuclear-
armed satellites in March,
1862. Only the commemorate
ing connoisseurs of annals of
1861-65 give adequate atten-
ton to the battle, the results
Of which ruined the military
reputation of Albert Pike, the
one-time New England poet
and scholar who had become
a slave owner and an ardent
Southerner, and of Gen. Earl
Van Dorm, a dashing West
Pointer who resigned to serve
the Confederacy. The action
at Pea Ridge also effectively
ended Pixies dream of using
Indian regiments to bolster
the Confederate forces.
Gen. Van Dorm, who had a
grandiose dream Of captur-
ing st. Louis and using 1t as
a base from which to invade
Illinois, was sent by the Con-
federacy into Northwestern
Arkansas in early 1852 to
check Federal probings. He
took with him a curious
army. 1t totaled more than
$4,000 men. They were not
well organized. Once the
fighting began, communica-
tons ceased to exist.
Albert Pike. acting as In
dian agent for the Confed-
crates, months before had
reached a treaty with Chiefs
Robert M. Jones, of the
Choctaws; Chilly Mcintosh,
Of the Creeks; and Stand
Waite, Of the Cherokees. An
agreement was made to raise
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-29
In Defense of the Public Wife

Articles vi and VII spell
out such rights in criminal
and common law, including
jury trial and conformation
of witnesses. Criticism of the
public wife should be con-
fined to the light Of day.
Article VIII forbids excess
sive bail, fines and cruel and
unusual punishment. The
public wife should be excused
from trying to please all of
the people all of the time.
Article TX says that EMU
meration of certain rights
shall not be construed to deny
or disparage other rights. This
opens the door to personal
tastes. Let the public wife
wear pink if she likes it and
sleeveless sheaths if she has
the figure for it. And try not
to be spiteful if she has and
you haven't.
Article x protects States
rights. Little can be done here
for the wives of President
and Vice President. They
must depend on a certain
amount of liberalization of
the American taste.
The foregoing was written
for a ladies luncheon of the
United States Chamber of
Commerce in 1860, about the
time that Mrs. Eisenhower,
weary of being a golf widow,
borrowed her husbands plane
to take her to the strictly
feminine diversion of Eliza
beth Arden's Arizona retreat.
1t seemed indicated then
and today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-29

no legal right Of secession.
But Congress ignored all this
and enacted the law anyway
over the presidential veto.
Military rule was imposed on
the South, and new State
legislatures were elected"
and new legislative sessions
were convened. One by one,
the Southern States were
coerced into accepting the
Fourteenth Amendment.
Lawyers and historians
who for decades past have
examined the facts have been
aware that the action was
plainly illegal. When Secre-
tary of State Seward - an
outstanding lawyer-hesi-
tated to proclaim the Four
teenth Amendment as legally
ratified and publicly said so
in July, 1868, he was "di-
rected" the next day by a
joint resolution Of Congress
to promulgate it, anyhow, as
duly rattle d. He had no
choice but to comply.
Shortly thereafter, citizens
sought to persuade the ST.
preme Court that they had
been denied the benefits of
a republican form of govern
ment guaranteed to the
States by the Constitution
and their rights had been
taken from them. The efforts
were fruitless. The Supreme
Court merely said, in effect.
that the method by which the
Fourteenth Amendment was
ratified" was a political
question:" and that it, there
fore, wouldn't take any case
involving this particular
point. In subsequent years,
the court assumed theore-
tically that the "ratifica-
ton" had been legal and
decided many cases arising
under the Fourteenth
A m n d m e t, itself. But
there's no record anywhere
that the Supreme Court ever
has actually said that the
method of ratification used
for the Fourteenth Amend
ment was constitutional.
Justice Brennan, in render
ing on Monday Of this week
the majority opinion in the
case involving the rights of
citizens to a fair apportion-
ment for representation in
the State legislature, speaks
Of the problem Of political
questions" as follows:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11
Mystery

FOR DECADES STUDENTS of Lincoln lore
were puzzled by certain curious discrepan-
cies they noticed in engravings of the Great
Emancipation. Why the odd, un-Lincoln-
like poses? And why didn't the heads seem
to fit the bodies?
Prof. William E. Baringer first specu-
lated that two well-known Lincoln engrav-
ings showed Lincoln's head superimposed
on the bodies of other statesmen. He
thought one body belonged to Daniel Web
ster, another to James Buchanan.
Along with other Lincoln researchers,
plunged into the mystery. l hunted
through all known pictures of Daniel Web
ster and James Buchanan i in vain. Pro-
fessor Baringer's guesses were wrong -
but his theory was right.
Exposed for the first time
After years of detective work discov-
cred John C. Fremont portrait in Chicago
that exactly matched well-known Lin
coln'' engraving. More recently found an
engraving of Francis P. Blair, Jr., Civil
War politician and general, that matched
another Lincoln. They are published here,
with their matching Lincoln portraits, for
the first time.
DR.. Louis A. Warren, Director Emeri-
tus of the Lincoln National Life Founda-
ton, identified two other grated en-
cravings - one with the body of John c.
Calhoun, the other of Martin Van Buren,.
Why were these strange Photographic
hybrids created? Behind them lies rich
irony: though Lincoln is the greatest figure
of his period, he was not appreciated in his
own time. No engravings of him were made
in his lifetime.
Suddenly, his assassination in 1865
brought an enormous public demand for
engravings. To meet it, the firms adopted
the hasty expedient of engraving photo
graphs of Lincoln's head on plates they
already had in stock - of other statesmen.
On these pages, and on THIS WEEKS
cover, have assembled FIVE sets of Lin
coin portrait" stories - the old engraving
of another statesman, the Lincoln head
used with it, and the final result. These are
the only FIVE frauds we have so far def-
nitely identified.
Do you know of any others?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
ReineS Motor Co.
, ,,, 1910 wilson Blvd,

1910 WILSON BLVD.
ARLINGTON. VA. ia. 10000
PAPPY viii sell or trade for the
next 3 days ONLY any OF the cars
below for guns, horses, boats or
SO plymouth VS. Cdr. sta. waR.,
straight shift, excel. shape.
90 Nash Cross Country s.w., auto,
4-speed trans, T., weather eye,
new tires, luggage rack, bed.
'53 Buick hdtp., r., h., auto. trans,
excel. shape, new tires.
'63 De Soto 4-dr., 6-cyl., auto.
trans, r., new interior.
'h3 Nash Ambassador 4-dr., weather
eye, bed, compl. motor job, front
end, 4-speed auto. trans.
SO Ford VS. hdtp., r., h., auto.
trans. excellent tires.
40 Dodge sedan 4-dr., equipped.
80 Chev. sedan 2-dr., equipped.
"a jag. 4-dr., T., h, right-hand
drive, Michelin tires.
CLINTON AUTO SALV. MARINE CO.
Trading as Pappy's Used Cars
R RRsn s 81 ms MI E. of clinton aSS Nd.
PLYMOUTH 80 Fury 4-door sedan,
factory air conditioned, auto.
and brakes. Wv. tires. It's cne-
owner care reflects Its overall i'm
PAUL BROS. (OLDS)
Wis. and ElIicott NV. KE. 7-13Os
:. and h., Si.2 sSO0l ION na'' CARR Eis'
18th and Good Hope I'd. sc. LU.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
PAUL BROS. (OLDS)

Wis. and Ellicott NV. KE. 7-130s
OLDS '55 4 door, s395, auto.
trans. T. and h., power steer
ing and BRAKES, new hydraulic
valve, runs good, looks real clean,
$40 down. SoA. an mo. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
AUTOMOBILES FoR SALE

Rss-3JER IS Custom station wag.,
:. md a.. z1Eo-. Wv. I owner.
rs EeE. LoE price. BURROWS
y aiGi-s-s, 9G0 X St, Sc. Ii
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
AUTOMOBILES Fos SALE

PONTIAC 81 Bonneville Vista.
rover equipped, immaculate, So
65J. FLOOD PONTIAC. 1921
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

ULDS OF Super "SS" cow. coupe,
Hydra, r. and h., power steering
and brakes, Wv tires, white
with blue orion top, one owner,
extra sharp. Tremendous value,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

OLDSMOBILE 1853 Holiday sedan,
polar white. full power equipment.
Special S1.795.
Suburban Cadillac-O lds
1920 ArI. Rd.. Bethesda. OIL. $1,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
GAVE

FORD-FALCON-T-BIRD
Corner Of Elm and Arlinston Rd.
Bethesda. Nd. OIL. 6-S262
FORD '5S Fairlane 300 Tudor
hardtop. new brakes, tires, rebuilt
trans. and rear end. engine COM
pletely overhauled. Hurst floor
shift. 3-2 carburetor. very clean.
1895. Phone 277-6120.
81 2-door hardtop, r.
and b., auto, air cond aood
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
AUToaos.LEs Foa SALE

MERCURY 1861 Monterey :-door
haroto1. fully equipped. extra
extr- clean. s2.;s95. LIZ d.
BUILER. 1l9l 2Ist st. NV. r.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

oLDs. SO convert, coral and white,
az ag9wer' new top. $87b. ia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

kAlSER 81 4-dr., stand. trans,
motor good shape, no oil. New bat
terry. S100 or best offer. tn. .
1904 after 4 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
TAKOMA FORD

TAKOMA FORD
7015 CARROLL AVE. JU. $1,000
IMPERIAL so Custom 4-door, fully
equipped including factory air,
showroom cond-. must see to APP
preciate, black, new Bucron Wv.
tires, S2,695. LIPS guar.
L. P. STEUART, INC.
1440 P ST.. NV. DE. 2-4S0O
JAGUAR 1860. 3.S-iitre. Here is
an elegant example OF q custom
tailored automobile at its finest
with all mahogany wood trim
interior appointed with English
leather. Overdrive. 4-speed trans
mission, radio and heater, adjust
able steering wheel. This extra
superclean car is trimmed with
white-well tires. Exceptionally
low pampered mileage. A real buy
at any price, but q bargain at
S3.095. EMRICK CHEVROLET.
1901 Chamberlayne ave-, Rich
mond. Va. ION u. s. Rte. ID
TEFp I0k0 CTATTnAr UanORJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

OLDs 81 starfire convertible, alb
solute new-car condition through
out. Every available factory ac-
cessory. The latest in prestige
styling for those who like the
best. Take advantage Of low mile
age, money saving. We have fl
naneing to suit you. Call now
CIR. 10000.
FAIRFAX oLDsMoBILE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
AUTHORIZED DEALER

choice 81 Q, 'SS.15S. 'UA ''u~"'
AkerS OldS-Cadillac Co.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

with new $500 ar eond. and ali
equip. TOP cond.. SS95 firm. b43-
5431. or 658-5297.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

PLYMOUTH go 4-door, white, VS.,
T. and h., 1895. TOM CARR,
18th and Good Hope I'd. Sc. LII.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

Conn.
PONTIAC 81 safari sta. Wag-. fol-
~ equip. incl luggage rack.
tinted glass. 5000 mi. Beaut.
mg-n-.inen 50 II, n---a5Ii.i
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
PAUL BROS. (OLDS)
CRANSON
RAMBLER

1882 Bethesda Aye; Bethesda. Nd.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

LINCOLN 80 Premier 4-dr. hard
top, fully equipped incl. all power
features and factory air condi-
tioning. extra clean. low mileage,
1-oTner car. S2.295. LEE D.
Butler. 1121 21st NV, FE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

2OA TAG 80 Bonneville 4-dr. hard
to-. auto. trans, radio, heater,
ps.. D. b.. tinted glass, fac. air
co1f Wv. tires. Green fin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

LINCOLN 81 conv., light blue,
white top, excel. shape, fully
equip, 1905. TOM CARR. 18th
&c Coed Hope I'd. Sc. LII. A.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11
AUTOMOBILES FOR SALE

RAMBLER '55 Country Club. auto
trans. J. and h. Wv. tires. Icon.
tranSp. Reas. DU. 5-6lS4.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

FUhU 90 conV. cu8tomf1ed Esp.
Third. floor shift, 292 Gu. in.
engs white, GOOD looking car. EN-.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

LARGEST Chevrolet Dealer
Columbia Pike and s. Glebe I'd.
Arlington. Va. IA. 4-S700
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-11

Capitol Cadillac-OldS Co.
1922 22nd 81. NV, Re. 7-26OO
OLDs 81 "9S" CONVERTIBLE.
Sold new for over $4,000. Driven
full owner. Orig. factory blue fin
fish with interior to match. This
car and all the power equipment
included. must go at q big savings
to you. S195 and approved credit
will deliver, Call OR. $4,000.
FAIRFAx !oLDSMoBILE
Evening star., 1962-04-03
DEATH is THE DARE
Arabs Resist Prods to Violence

could be executed for that. But
it won't happen. 1t hasn't hap
pened so far. has it?
To illustrate his point, he
TOLD how. that morning. he
had attended the burial service
of a young man killed by a
Secret Army gunman. This was
in a suburb of Algiers where
the Arabs, and most other
people, knew who the local
Secret Army leaders are.
At the FINS quiet but firm
direction, the father of the
murdered boy warned the
mourners Solemnly: There
must be no revenge taken for
this. I don't want a hair on
a single Europeans head
harmed. Anyone who tries to
take revenge will be my sacred
enemy"
FIN strategy is to insist that
legally. the French authorities
are the ones who should deal
with the Secret Army. If they
fail to do so, it will be up to
the mixed European -Moslem
force which is to keep order
during the interim period be-
fore an independent govern.
ment.
Evening star., 1962-04-03
By NORMAN MOSS

North American Newspaper Alliance
ALGIERS, April 3.-The Eu-
ropeans' Secret Army in Algeria
is playing a murderouS game
of II dare you" with the Arabs,
If they lose, the penalty could
be a blood bath.
The game is to kill a few
Arabs every day, and then see
what the Arabs dare TO do
about it. If the Arabs hit back,
the Euopeans will seize the
chance to say that the Arab
rebels have broken the cease
fire that ended their seven
year war with the French gov
ernment.
The Secret Army terroriSts
have the support of nearly all
the European population here
Since the cease fire was
signed on March 18, gunmen
have shot down 10 to Is Arabs
a day in Algiers, and nearly
as many in Oran, Algeria's
second city. Plastic bombs have
been planted in Arab-ownec
stores, and there have beer
other outrages.
| But not one European ha
Evening star., 1962-04-03

been killed by an Arab in
either city since the cease fire
was signed. Whether this rec
ord can be maintained in the
face of today's Secret Army
slayings in a Moslem clinic
here remains to be seen, of
course.
The Arabs have no reputa-
ton for passive resistance, and
no taste for it either. They
are being held in check by the
iron discipline of the FIN
the National Liberation Front
the Arab rebel organization.
An explosion of Arab re-
venge could play right into the
hands of the Secret Army. and
the FIN knows it. 1t would
have the French Army ranged
alongside the Secret Army,
fighting off Arab attackers
This could easily upset the
cease fire and cause a resump-
ton of the war, destroying the
FILMS hard-won victory.
A member of the FILMS dis
ciplinary organization ex-
planned his countrymen's posi-.
ton in a secret interview. HI
refused to mention his name
Despite the cease fire, the FIN
Evening star., 1962-04-03
Republicans Resisting
U.N. Loan c Compromise

The administration is not
out of the woods yet SO far
as the U. N. is concerned -
1t appeared last night that
the com mise would go
through today or tomorrow
with only a ripple of opposi-
ton. But Republican leaders
now say there may be several
more days of debate.
Senator Hickenlooper of
Iowa. chairman of the Repub-
lican Policy Committee, threw
further doubt on the outcome
when he revealed he is one of
the Republicans who would
like to know more about how
the President plans to proceed
under the compromise.
Senator Hickenlooper was CO.
author with Senator Aiken of
the original Republican pro-
posal for a three-year straight
loan at whatever rate of IN
terest the Treasury would pay
for the money. 1t had been
assumed that he was a party
to the compromise which Sem
ator Aiken accepted over the
week end. But Senator Hick-
enlooper told reporters today
that. while he had seen the
compromise last Thursday, he
was out of the city over the
week end and has never COM
mitted himself to it.
The Iowa Republican said he
believes a 25-year loan at 2
per cent, as provided for in the
U. N. bond issue, would be a
See CONGRESS, Page AS
Evening star., 1962-04-03

not be an individual promotion
stunt, Mr.. De Orsey said.
The lawyer pointed out that
last May, just after Comdr.
Shepard, jr., made his sub
orbital space flight, the White
House called him concerning
another free-home offer. The
offer, Mr.. De Orsey recalled,
was made by Representative
Boykin, Democrat of Alabama,
and covered a house near Wal
dorf, Md.
Mr.. De Orsey looked into
the matter, he said and told
the White House he was rec
ommending against acceptance
because it appeared to be a
real estate promoters gimmick
In contrast to the events
surrounding the Boykin offer
Mr.. De Orsey said, he has not
heard from the White House
this time.
Il know nothing of any in
quiry" he said. mo one has
spoken to me but newspaper
men,"
Taste Questioned
If instructions of any kind
come from the White House
Mr.. De Orsey said, he will COM
ply. "If the White House says
no, no it is and I'll ask nc
questions" he said.
Apparently the legality of the
transaction is not in question
A NASA official said the space
agency was looking into il
more from a point Of view o1
good taste than of legality"
Evening star., 1962-04-03

inside Algeria is taking no
chances, and is keeping its Or
ganization under cover for the
moment.
Asked how much the Arab
people would stand for with
out hitting back, he explained:
We'll stand for everything
That's what the FIN has de-
cided we should do at the mo-
ment. and our people obey the
FIN.
I'VE want the cease-fire to
work. We've had so many peo-
pie killed in seven years of war
to gain our independence. If
we have to suffer a few more,
we can do it. Now, independ-
ence is certain.
THE Secret Army is trying
to provoke us. Then if we start
killing Europeans. they'll call
us savages. But at the moment
we won't be provoked"
! But what, he was asked, il
some young Arab. perhaps
someone who has had a relative
murdered, breaks discipline ane
takes indiscriminate revenge BY
killing European?
He would be tried by al
FIN court" he replied. H,
Evening star., 1962-04-03
Radio Industry Warned
By Minow to Curb Ads

and smaller profits"
There are about $500 AM
radio stations in the United
States. About one-third lost
money in 1860, Mr.. Minow said
resulting in a frantic battle to
survive.
The result, he said, is often
jungle markets over-populated
by quick-buck operators where
you have to scream at the
listener to survive"
In too many communities
radio broadcasting is composed
of "a clamorous casbah of
pitchmen and commercials
which plead. bleat, pressure,
whistle, groan and shout" the
FEC chairman said. "Too
many stations have turned
themselves into publicly fran.
! chised juke boxes"
Evening star., 1962-04-03

from Aleppo, in northern Syria,
that ground troops there fired
from the airport on Russian
built MICS of the Syrian Air
Force.
The shooting was described
as intense. The crewmen said
they heard that the fighters
were trying to blow up a trans
mitter of the Aleppo radio,
which was calling itself the
voice of the Arab Republic.
"a dispatch from Amman,
Jordan, reported a broadcast
from Damascus saying that the
Syrian army rebels in Aleppo
had returned to their barracks
after announcing loyalty to
the high command. The state
ment, attributed to the high
command, said calm and order
had been restored. There was
no immediate confirmation
from other SourceSD
NaSSer Makes Appeal
President Nasser of the United
Arab Republic and a new COM
mander of the pro-UAR army
rebellion appealed for a blood
less solution of the military
crisis.
The rebels called for truce
They said they would do no
shooting because of the danger
of injuring civilians. but de-
clared they were strong enough
to win victory.
The Damascus regime, which
took over in a bloodless coup
March %, had broadcast ar
ultimatum giving the rebels 81
minutes to surrender. This ex'
pired without any announced
reaction in Aleppo.
A statement issued by MI
Nasser's office in Cairo said tn
President, who lost the Syrial
Evening star., 1962-04-03

CHICAGO, April 3 (AP). -
Newton N. Minow, Federal
Communications Commission
chairman, urged the radio in
dustry today to tone down and
cut down commercials or face
government regulation.
"If you are unable to achieve
self discipline" he told radio
broadcasters, 1--WE (the FCC)
may have to adopt a rule on
commercials which does apply
to everyone"
Mr.. Minow addressed the
40th annual convention of the
National Association of Broad
casters (NAB).
The radio industry now suf-
ferS, he said, from "a simple
but depressing equation: More
people, more radios, more sta
tionS-but smaller audiences