davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-09-09

do this or that it would be un-
desirable if it did.
President de Gaulle took note
Of this feeling on the part of
his two smaller neighbors, declar-
ing on Thursday that when two
great nations want to unite, there
are unavoidably certain concerns
aroused around them" and that
they must take heed Of the feel
ings. Of the interests of their
friends" ~
This means, it would appear,
that although France and Ger
many are determined to, in the
French leaders words, tighten,
without waiting, their own soli-
darity," the time is not yet ripe
for further negotiations within
the Common Market on q Euro
pean union. That must wait on
Britain's agonizing decision on
whether to cast its lot with the
continent. The answer is expected
later in the year.
Evening star., 1962-09-09
Trouble in Albany

GEORGIA - Nineteen Negro
youngsters were turned away from
three white public schools in Al
bany when they tried to register.
The answer Of the school officials.
was that the registrations and as
signments for the school year
1962-6S had already been COM
pleted and could not be changed.
The incident created q relatively
little stir in the Georgia city al;
ready rocked by recurring segrega-
ton fights on all public facilities,
LOUISIANA - Integration Of
schools proceeded rapidly. Roman
Catholic parochial schools ended
a half century of segregation by,
admitting 100 Negro students tor
SO formerly all white schools.
There was a brief scuffle at one,
school, a bomb threat or two
which did not materialize and
then the way seemed clear. The
States public schools began their,
third year of integration when
127 Negroes attended the first,
three grades Of 81 formerly white
schools. -
Evening star., 1962-09-09
On Withholding

Among the points Of sorest con-
.tention was the question of with
holding taxes of interest and divi-
dends. This was one of the key
features in the Kennedy recon-
mendations and it was voted by
the House but eliminated by SEN
ator Byrd's Finance Committee
before the bill got to the Senate.
Consideration Of this feature will
be the toughest job for the con-
ferees.
Otherwise, the bill Is due to
have smooth sailing in its final
phase.
The Senate passed on Friday
q bill allowing professional people
and other self-employed to take
Evening star., 1962-09-09

Since there is little chance that
the Kennedy administration can
be persuaded to lump the program
together. the Air Force concen-
trated on getting more funds and
more projects.
Last month, opportunity
knocked and the Air Force and
its friends were listening. The
Russians sent two men into q
tandem orbit Of the earth within
"a hours.
Before long, Senators Gold
water. Republican Of Arizona, and
Cannon. Democrat Of Nevada,
both generals in the Air Force
Reserve, warned Of Soviet ad-
vances. lambasted Pentagon lead
ers for holding down the Air
Force space program and de-
manded that more money be spent
on it. Senator Cannon even
charged that the priorities given
our peaceful-uses program were
jeopardizing our "vitally needed
military capabilities iri space"
The administration reply to this
was made by Mr.. Kennedy and
Defense Secretary McNamara.
The former emphasized the great
sums we were now devoting to mil
itary space and pointed out that
many Of the gains from the
NASA program were Of great
value to the military. Mr.. Nc
Namara disclosed the administra-
tion's decision to increase Penta-
gon funds for space substantially
in the next budget.
But the pressure for more mill
tary space funds was maintained
Evening star., 1962-09-09
The Foreign Scene

France and Germany will all
the better assure themselves of
the means Of power If they join
their possibilities" he said. This
would be all the more true If
their European neighbors as
sociated their resources with
ours"
There is one large question
which must be settled before any
formal steps toward q European
union can be taken. This Is the
matter Of whether Great Britain
is to enter the Common Market
and on what terms.
The French and German lead
ers favor a European political
union without Britain. They fear
that British influence in any such
grouping would act against the
union having a truly independent
from the United States -- ex-
istence. But they have not per-
suaded the Netherlands and Bel
gium that Britain's entry would
Evening star., 1962-09-09
Trade Bill Next

Next major legislation on the
Senate calendar is the administra-
tion's trade bill, called by many
observers the most important
single piece of legislation before
Congress this year.
It is before the Senate Finance
Committee and action Is due to
be completed there in time for
to be completed there in time for
Senate debate to begin on Septem-
ber II. 1t would give the President
broad powers to cut or eliminate
United States tariffs In return for
similar concessions from other
countries. This is needed, the ad-
ministration has argued, to give
the United States access to United
States goods in the emerging and
growing Common Market in Eu-
rope.
Other bills considered necessary
before adjournment include:
U. N. bond issue of 500 mil
lion-passed by the House but not
acted upon by the Senate.
Training program for unem-
ployed youth-not acted upon by
Evening star., 1962-09-09

tempted to go over Mr.. Khru-
shchev's head in an appeal to the
Russian people for support Of the
U. N. operation in the Congo.
Close observers here have long
known that the Russians would
not happily permit Mr.. Thant to
be appointed to a regular term.
(He currently is "acting" secre-
tary-general) But Mr.. Thant is
popular with the Afro-Asian ma
jority. Just how Mr.. Khrushchev
can oppose him without doing
himself great damage is not clear.
1t is a difficult plight. Heads, the
West wins; tails, Mr.. Khrushchev
loses.
. Nuclear testing. The United
States and Britain are, for once,
on a strong wicket in the test
ban field. They have preempted
both the total-treaty and partial
treaty positions; they are ready
to ban all tests, with q minimum
Of inspection, or to ban some
tests, with no international in
Spection.
Russia's best effort so far has
been to propose a new, unin-
spected moratorium. This is not
as weak q posture as Westerners
think it should be, but it is pretty
weak. The West has gone many
long mile to meet Russia on
the teSt-ban issue, and should now
be able to begin reaping the
propaganda harvest.
Out on q Limb
Precisely because Moscow is out
on q limb on so many issues,
Mr.. Khrushchev may decide he
needs to pound some more shoes
on U. N. desks In an effort to
intimidate the small-power ma
Evening star., 1962-09-09
Firm Answer

And so, last week, two leading
administration spokesmen made
pertinent speeches while another
wrote O letter. Taken together,
they added up to q firm answer
to the more demanding of the
proponents of q larger military
space program.
Q On Wednesday. Deputy De-
fense Secretary Gilpatric spoke
the following words, inserted into
a speech on industry procurement
problems. which were said to have
been written at the White House:
"The United States believes that
1t Is highly desirable for its own
security and for the security of
the world that the arms race
should not be extended into outer
space, and we are seeking in every
feasible way this objective.
Today. there is no doubt that
either the United States or the
Soviet Union could place thermo-
nuclear weapons in orbit.
I'VE have no program to place
any weapons Of mass destruction
into orbit. An arms race in space
win not contribute to our security.
I can think of no greater stimu-
lus for q Soviet thermometer
arms effort In space than q
United States commitment to
such q program. This we win not
do"
. eyon Thursday, Representative
Miller, Democrat of California,
the chairman Of the House Space
Committee, implied in a speech
on the House floor that Senators
Cannon and Goldwater had a spe-
cial ak to grind because of their
reserve commissions as generals
in the Air Force and he CHALLENGED
administration critics to show
how the Soviet double-manned or
bit was q military breakthrough.
. On Wednesday, in letters to
the chairmen of the congressional
space committees, NASA Chief
James E. Webb disclosed that the
Evening star., 1962-09-09
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y
Z Events are conspiring to build the
: 1862 session of the United Ma
tions General Assembly into an
explosive EaSt-West cockpit.
The U-2 incident this past week
e. Cuba the test-ban
: deadlock Katanga mutual
irritation, now above the surface.
between Moscow and Secretary
General U Thant U. N. dues
arrears.
These and many other issues
perhaps even Berlin-stand wait
: ing ominously for the parliament
of man" as it prepares to convene
here once again a week from
Tuesday.
Whether Nikita Khrushchev will
be on hand in person to add still
another dimension Of intensity is
not yet clear. But a growing num-
ber of U. N. diplomats are per-
suaded he will-probably some
time in October.
The Soviet Union specifically
reserved the right" last week to
bring to the Assembly a complaint
against American U-2 flights. This
verbal formula often is tan
tamount to a declaration Of in
tention.
Costro's Temptation
Fidel Castro Of Cuba almost
certainly will be unable to resist
the temptation to cry invasion"
once again. particularly since he
has the hit-and-run shelling of
Havana August "a to cite as "evi-
dence."
Moscow's curious habit of tele-
graphing its punches also has
Evening star., 1962-09-09

given western diplomats advance
warning of q third principal Of
fensive likely to be upcoming. The
Soviets almost certainly will beat
the drums for U. N. military
attack on Katanga.
These three propaganda cam
paigns, combined with some new
noise on colonialism, are likely
to be the core Of the Soviet
diplomatic offensive this year.
If Mr.. Khrushchev decides to
launch a U. N. campaign for a
free city" of West Berlin, the
whole character of the Assembly
will change drastically. A Berlin
debate would Immediately over
shadow all other subjects.
But short Of that, Western
diplomats believe they can deal
with the Soviet offensive. Indeed,
they question whether. strictly,
it is an offensive" at all.
They regard it as essentially a
defensive operation, designed to
distract attention from the weak
and vulnerable posture in
which the Soviet Union finds it
self on many other issues.
The Issues
For example:
. U. N. dues. The World Court
has ruled that all arrears must
be paid, on pain of loss Of voting
rights. The United States Is set
to ask the Assembly to enforce
this ruling. Russia, the principal
debtor. is very much on the de-
fensive.
. Reelection of U Thant. Mos
COW voiced its first public criticism
Of the Secretary General last
week, shortly after Mr.. Thant at
Evening star., 1962-09-09

Continued From Page Ell
venerable leaders have woven be-
tween their countries, both Presi-
dent de Gaulle, II, and Chancel-
lor Adenauer, "a. spoke and acted
like Franco-G German solidarity, as
far as they are concerned, is un-
Shakeable.
On Friday, the French leader
proposed organic cooperation"
between the French and West
German armies because Of the
common danger" Precisely how
such cooperation would take
place, he did not say, but some
observers wondered whether he
was bidding for West German
financial and technical help in
building a nuclear force.
He did not limit the military
union to the two countries, how
ever. but clearly beckoned the
other Common Market nations to
join UP.
Evening star., 1962-09-09

The times, as Nehru declares,
may indeed then decide who the
new leader and Prime Minister
will be. But so viii the politicians
decide, and already in Nehru's
cabinet and in the Congress Party
alignments are quietly forming.
More than ever before" writes a
political correspondent Of the
Times Of India. "the future polit-
ical pattern has begun to be seen
in terms Of right, left and center"
Evening star., 1962-09-09

But If Nehru viii not pick a
successor r-as Gandhi picked him
then the Congress Party some
day must do so. This Is the largest
political party in India, the We
hicle by which India under Gan
dhi and Nehru won freedom. 1t
holds 361 seats in the 509-mem-
Der Lok Sabha. the House Of the
People, and 166 seats in the 1885,
member Rajya Sabha, the Coun-
Gil Of States. The total Congress
Evening star., 1962-09-09
THE NATIONAL SCENE

either the House or the Senate.
Program for construction of
fall-out shelters-in committee in
both houses.
Provision for increase in mail
rates-passed by the House and
by q Senate committee but not
by the Senate itself.
Strengthening the present laws
on manufacture and distribution
Of drugs-passed by the Senate
but not acted on by the House.
Evening star., 1962-09-09
Continued From Pare Ell

Continued From Page Ell
House to reconcile some important
changes.
The bill retained It's main
feature: A per cent tax credit
for business for money spent on
new machinery and equipment.
This was considered desirable to
spur the economy but was de-
Iiounced throughout the progress
of the bill through Congress as
q give-away to big business. Sec
retary Of the Treasury Dillon sent
Senate Majority Leader Mansfield
O letter saying the bill represented
a major advance even though Mr..
Kennedy's recommendations had
been watered down considerably.
The prevailing opinion seemed to
be along that line.
Evening star., 1962-09-09

rible it would be-" Nehru said in
1861, ''if !. after all I have said
about the processes Of democratic
government. were to handpick q
successor" India assumes that he
means this, although, in India as
elsewhere. anything can happen
in politics. Nehru believes that
the times and the circumstances
will thrust forward the right
nominee; when the occasion is
ripe, the man will be ready.
Evening star., 1962-09-09
Rights:
Schools Open

The opening Of schools last
week brought series of new
racial segregation crises.
In Virginia and Georgia the
school segregation story vas about
the same: Firm resistance. In
Louisiana a definite change ap-
peared established.
VIRGINIA-In Prince Edward
County new school year began
on Tuesday with private schools
set up by the county's white
Evening star., 1962-09-09

membership In both houses of
Parliament is organized into the
Congress Parliamentary Party,
and it is this body which win
elect q new leader when the mo-
mentous day arrives. He viii be
summoned to Rastrapathi
Bhavan in New Delhi. the palatial
residence Of the President of
India. and there he viii be asked
by the President to become Prime
Minister and form q government.
Evening star., 1962-09-09

The chief ministers Of India's
states and their political organi-
cations will influence the choice
also, and the powerful 21-mem-
Der Working Committee Of the
Congress Party will be listened to.
Caste and geography will play a
part. as viii ideology; and so. too.
India hopes. viii love Of country.
The outstanding Indians on
whom in that critical future the
resplendent mantle of Nehru may
Evening star., 1962-09-09

Russians had failed completely in
five Of six attempts to send space
craft to Venus and Mars and that
the sixth was only a partial sue
cess because its radio went dead
prematurely.
Mr.. Webb said that two of the
abortive Venus probes came with
in the last couple weeks one two
days before our successful Mar
iner-2 shot on August 27, the
other Q week ago yesterday.
Evening star., 1962-09-09

a tax deduction for part of funds
they set aside for their own re-
tirement. This was introduced
into the tax bill debate but was
separated from It when 1t be-
came clear that it would prolong
debate. The bill. previously passed
by the House, must now go to
conference because Of many
changes in It's complicated terms.
Evening star., 1962-09-09

and the President. apparently
quite annoyed. decided to do
something more about 1t. In addi-
ton to wanting to demonstrate
that he is boss Of his own official
family. an important congress
sional election is coming up and
the President might naturally
want to put the problem of our
military space efforts "in per-
spective."
Evening star., 1962-09-09
BY JOHN E. FRAZER
Contributing Writer

NEW DELHI.-A few weeks ago
in the pleasant plateau city Of
Bangalore, South India. Prime
Minister Nehru spoke feelingly to
q rapt audience about a subject
that haunts India and irks him.
Some persons. he said, having
nothing better to do. were con-
ttnually asking, After Nehru,
who?"
My answer to them," said the
Prime Minister, "is to get awake,
wide awake, and look around you.
You will find large numbers of
people. thousands and tens of
thousands Of them, who are being
trained to run this country when
Nehru Is no more"
! This Is an eloquent tribute to
midas progress since independ-
ence In 1947, but it is hardly an
answer to the anxious question.
Who. India persists in wonder
ing. will assume the leadership of
this nation Of 440 million people,
with their dawning hopes and
Rgonizing problems, after the in
defatigahle Nehru steps DOWN.
Evening star., 1962-09-09
Anything Con Happen i.

Then. Nehru will not talk about
q successor because there is moth
ing he wants to say. He refuses
to discuss personalities: II he has
q preference he keeps 1t q deep
dark secret from India. How ter
Evening star., 1962-09-09
No Answer Likely

Actually, Mr.. Nehru is not likely
to give an answer. now or in the
future. for two very good reasons.
First, he Is still Prime Minister.
He has work to finish: his whole
nature cries out to get on with
the multifarious jobs awaiting his
drive and inspiration. It is true
that he is nearly 73-but Chan
cellor Adenauer is in his S0s-
and until this last April, Mr..
Nehru had hardly known q day
of real sickness in his life. He is
still not himself. by any means.
but he is much improved; and he
takes better care of himself, he
eats regularly, retires early in
stead Of working on until 2 O'Clock
in the morning, and he has given
UP yoga as being too strenuous
for him. And he shares the Him
alayan burdens Of his office with
his colleagues.
On July 20 Mr.. Nehru wrote
q eulogy to the late DR.. B. c. Roy.
Chief Minister Of West Bengal
State, in which he said that DR..
Roy died 'as q great man should,
engaged till the end in activities
for the public good" BY all the
evidence this expresses Nehru's
feelings about his own life and
work.
Evening star., 1962-09-09
After Nehru> Who?' Is India's Hardest Question

fall are discussed In the layout:
accompanying this article.
Some Dark Horses
Other than those are some
dark horses Of less likelihood:
s. X. Patil Minister for Food:
and Agriculture. q hard political
fighter whose demerit. to some !.
Is his pro-Americanism.
U. N. Dheber, q former presi-
dent Of the Congress Party.
Y. b. ChaVan. an untouchable
who Is the rising chief minister
Of Maharastra State.
T. T. Krishnamachari, the,
South Indian financier-industriaI-s
ist. now in the cabinet, who urges
more naturalization Of midas
industries.
And, as . long shot, Dr.. s.
Radhakrishnan. the philosopher :
statesman who il the President
Of India.
ANY one OF q number Of Others ,
relatively unknown In the United
States, may suddenly leap into
the public spotlight.
Is there a danger, after Nehru,
Of q military coup? II do not rule
1t out" q former cabinet menu
Der told this writer in New Delhi.
Most Indians, however, disagree;
the political situation In India.
they feel, is too stable now for q
coup; the armed forces are loyal
to the President as the COM
mander-in-chief; the. idea Of lib
erty Is firmly rooted after 200
years Of foreign rule: and q coup,
even If successful in New Delhi,
would be hard to sustain In all
the is states. The chances. there
fore, seem slight to the majority.
Still, in the changing East, the
possibility exists.
Not q Second Nehru
Nehrus successor, whenever he
arrives, viii not be q second
Nehru. whichever person sue
ceeds to the prime ministership,",
writes DR.. Michael Brecher in
"Nehru = A Political Biography,
mo one can succeed to Nehru's
position in modern India. He has
lowered over his colleagues he
is. uniquely. the leader Of the
transition period.
"His successors viii have to be
men Of q different stamp and
stature. Where Nehru has inau-
gurated certain ventures, they will
have to consolidate and expand
them. Where Nehru has ruled by
force of personality. they viii rule
by more traditional practices. The
age Of the heroic, charismatic
leader will give way to q period
in which the administrator will
govern"
But that Is tomorrow. Today.
given his health, is still Nehru's.
, 1962-08-24
Government SecY
King Denies Feud
With P~uiewonskY

Government Secretary Cyril
E. King who arrived in Wash
ington on Thursday, denies
that there is any controversy
with Governor Ralph Paiewon-
sky.
Mr.. King is in Washington to
confer with officials of the De-
partment of the Interior and
also with his former employer,
Senator Hubert H. Humphrey,
Democrat of Minnesota.
1t is learned from reliable
sources that Mr.. King will be
succeeded by New York At
torney Roy Wilkins as the next
Government Secretary.
, 1962-08-24

Ernest ]. Bergman and his
staff who informed them they
had been selected to partici-
pate in special symbolic eere-
monies in Observance of the
National Park Service Billionth
Visitor Day.
Park Superintendent John
G.. Lewis explained that while
it was virtually impossible to
determine exactly which visit
or to the National Park System
was actually the billionth, sta
tiStical data maintained by the
Service permit us to draw a
reasonable reliable conclusion
that today the billionth visitor
will actually enter one of the
parks. It was therefore decided
said Superintendent Lewis, to
select one person, simultane-
ously, in each of the 1872 areas
administered by the National
Park Service to symbolic this
billionth visit. Selection of to-
days visitor at Virgin Islands
National Park was based sole
ly on the precise time of en-
trance. Mr.. LEVY described
the occasion as a significant
milestone in the history of the
National Park Service.
Through the years, the Ser
vice has endeavored to pro-
vide more and better oppor-
tunities for the American pub
lie to visit, understand and full
Continued on Page A
, 1962-08-24
Normu Brunkuto is
Billionth Visitor to
v. |. Nutiondl Park

AS Mrs. Norma Brankato
and husband, Salvatore Bran
kato of Plymouth, Meeting,
Penn, entered Virgin Islands
National Park at precisely 1923
pm. August 23rd, they were
greeted by Chief Park Ranger
, 1962-08-24
Strike Of Eastern
Airlines Ends: Some
Service Discontinued

The entire Eastern Airlines
jet feet is flying again as the
sixty-day strike came to an end
yesterday. All striking employ
ees have been replaced, accord
ing to an announcement by ].
O. Jarrard, vice president in
charge Of industrial relations,
who said that Eastern will be
resuming full operation.
Some jets will not be back
in operation, however, full Jet
schedule may not be restored
between San Juan and New
York until after September
18th.
1t was ANNOUNCED also that
the service will be s~tream-lined
and between four and five thou
sand employees Will not be re-
called and in December only
one or two thousand would be
,aaoIIal
, 1962-08-24

comber, water Isle and Blue
boards Beach Club.
Luncheon will be at Yacht
Heaven on the harborfront as
guest Of manager Bud Howe,
with the study tour continuing
Continued on Page A