davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
'Nyet' and Peace

A bleak fact of our time is that the
Soviets, whenever they think it suits
their dark purposes, deliberately stir up
international strife and do their ten
sion breeding best to obStruct the peace
full settlement of disputes between one
country and another. A glaring case in
point is the Russian vote that has Just
been cast in the United Nations Security
Council against efforts by the majority
to persuade an angrily resistant India
to get together with Pakistan in new
talks aimed at promoting a friendly,
good neighborly, mutually satisfactory
resolution Of their bitter 15-year -old
controversy over KaShmir.
In terms of arithmetic, this latest
"nyet". from Moscow means that the
Kremlin now has exercised it's veto
rights for the Tooth time since the
founding of the world organization. The
number is nice and round, but its i'm
plications are ugly. This is so because
it adds up to sort of contempt for
some of the most basic principles of the
U. N. Charter, and it stands out in
shocking contrast to the record Of the
other permanent members of the Sc
curity Council. Our own country, for
example, has yet to cast a single such
thumbs down vote-a fact that serves
to dramatic how the Soviet Unions
grimly extravagant and reckless abuse
of that power has kept our globe in a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. What require ments
must be met before a build
ing can be said to be fire
proof?-I. G!
A. To be classified as fire
proof under one widely
followed building code, a
building must be of noncom-
bustible construction, with all
exterior and interior weight
bearing walls made Of ma
Sonry or reinforced concrete.
Exterior walls, columns and
wall-supporting Orders and
truSSeS must have a fire re-
Sistance of four hours; floors
and roofs, a three-hour fire
resistance rating. A building
Of this type is itself fireproof,
but additional precautions
are required for the safety of
occupants or contents-such
as insulation to confine any
fire to its starting place, and
fire-resistant partitions and
doors for stairways and ele-
vator shafts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
Karl S. Belts

The recent and sudden
death Of Karl S. Belts, for
mer executive director Of
the Civil War Centennial
Commission and nationally
known expert on the Ameri-
can Civil War, has prompted
this letter. For a period of
two years 1t was my honor
and great privilege to know
and work with Mr.. Belts and
other members of the ma
tional commission.
AS Department Of Defense
liaison officer to the Civil
War Centennial Commission,
I soon learned to admire and
respect the enthusiasm and
zeal with which Mr.. Belts ap-
preached every phase Of his
work. Throughout his tour
as director, and until his I'M
timely death. he continued to
help in every possible way to
give life and meaning to the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25

eral places: Sorry, we have
no work for Negroes, but If
you were white we could place
you" This was a clean cut,
strong boy with a fresh
wholesome look on his face.
He was courteous and we'll
hammered. He had never
been in trouble in school.
He has been a Cub Scout and
a member of the Civil Air
Patrol. He had enough self
discipline to have been one
of the 10 boys who repre-
sented the Eastern Region
in the drill team competitions
at the Air Force Academy at
Colorado Springs, Colo. in
1860. This boy was not a
drop OUT" nor a criminal.
He was just an 18-year-old
boy. q fine, respectable son
from a family that has tried
to teach him by example the
merits of good citizenship.
This boy merely wanted a
job, any kind of job to help
him to go to college: a job
to help him to become in
dependent and to enable him
not to have to depend on
welfare grants or handouts
as do many of his contem-
poraries.
1t was a bitter experience
to have him come home to-
day and say: Gee, dad, it's
tough being a Negro, isn't it?
Although things appear to
be getting better on the sur
face, they really are pretty
bad for us, aren't they?" No
one reading this will see the
hurt look on this boys face,
or hear the CULVER in his
voice as I did today. No one
will ever be able to feel the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
A BOOK FOR TODAY
The Emerqence of China
BY DONALD MINTZ

living Chinese from the Sd
century B. @. He begins
with an Svent from King
Cheng's reign, told not for
its own sake, but as an IL
luStration of the psychology
of these long dead human
beings.
Then he rambles far and
wide over ancient Chinese
history, poetry, philosophy
and technology. And all these
things too are told as illus
trations of personality and
society rather than as hard
facts and events.
WHETHER THE TECH
NIQUE is SUCCESSFUL or
not depends entirely on the
readers orientation. II he Is
not particularly fond of his
tory and merely stumbles
across the book, he may very
well find it difficult to put
down.
II on the other hand, the
reader has some taste for
history, he will be unwilling
to let 1t wash over him in a
series of great, subjective
waves. He will want to keep
chronology straight and ac-
quire some systematic knowl-
edge. He will not succeed I'M
less he has a reference book
or two at hand.
There will be less disagree
ment about the last part Of
the book which deals with
King Cheng's reign in q sub
jective but completely order
~ manner. The contrast
between the prosecuted Con-
fucian tradition and the hard
code Of the Legalists is clear
ly and strikingly explained.
The picture of the manner
and style of life and govern
ment is demonstrated more
by quotation from Chinese
chronicles than by dictum
and as a result is extraordi-
narily vivid. There are, for
example, quotations from Ii
Ssu's memorial to the throne
urging the destruction Of "all
books in the bureau of his
tory, save the records Of
Chin"
There are remarkable de-
scriptions of the construc-
ton techniques used on the
Great Wall which is 2.240
miles long and averages
about "a feet in height and
8 in width.
Mr.. Cottrell has sought to
put the past right before our
eyes. He has succeeded.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
LETTERS TO THE STAR

was to be delivered by 5 pm.
the preceding day. Many of
these passes never arrived,
forcing the student to wait
until 7 or 8 at night and then
obtain them himself the fol-
lowing morning. We then
waited vainly, in the rain,
for admittance to the hall.
After a wait of two hours, we
were informed by the guard
that the President had al
ready spoken and that, il we
waited until 2:15 that after
noon. we would be privileged
to witness the mornings pro-
ceedings via video tape. Thus,
after a soggy and disappoint-
ing two-hour trial, we, along
with approximately 1900
other students, returned to
our respective offices.
If this was to be our in
PRODUCTION to the government
tai process. it was an abysmal
failure. The probability of
future success of the remain
ing events seems highly un-
likely. We humbly suggest
that the Executive branch
might achieve greater success
If future seminars were pre-
tapped and shown in place Of
summer re-runs, so that
everyone could enjoy these
programs in the comfort Of
their homes.
George E. Miller,
Robert T. LaSky,
Political Interns, Capitol Hill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
Repetitive Twins

When in 1914 the news
paper in Glens Falls, N. Y,
carried a story under the
caption, why Ben Potter
Smiles" the occasion was the
birth of his twin sons, Ben
and Bill.
In 1898, Ben's smile was
even broader when Ben, jr..
became the father of twin
boys, also named Ben and
Bill. 1t is too bad big Ben is
not here to smile all over at
the birth Of twin daughters
to Ben III. However, Mrs.
Benjamin G. Potter Of 4603
Leland street, Chevy Chase,
the mother who started the
chain of three generations of
twins in direct descent, is
very much here. and proud
to announce the arrival on
May IA of her twin great
granddaughters. Jane and
Anna Marie Potter. The ba-
bies were born in Germany
where Ben is stationed.
His twin, Bill. who lives in
New York City, was unable
to be on hand when the lat
est twins arrived, but he did
fly over to be best man at his
brothers wedding to his Ger
man bride.
The first twins, Ben and
Bill, live in Chevy Chase and
Bethesda, respectively.
Mrs. Alvin C. EichOIz.
(SiSter of the Original Twins
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
He Rose Above 1t

In the coverage of the citi-
zens meetings on juvenile
delinquency and crime 1 no.
ticed a continuing emphasis
on those twin sob stories, en-
vironment and rehabilitation.
One speaker paraphrased
admirably that all kids are
good" but the factors in
their surroundings make
them turn bad. Another said
that youthful crime and
violence would be lessened If
instant food and shelter"
were made available to the
needy. Why don't we also
provide ready-mix schools
and just-add-water autos for
those not fortunate enough
to own same?
The belief that crime is a
result of frustrated desires
for material goods got a
thorough airing in the citi-
zens meetings, as it always
does anywhere these days
when the subject Of juvenile
delinquency comes up. This
complete denial of heredity
and subsequent salaams to
environmental factors is a
perfect example of this Age
of the Cushioned Blow in
which we are living, and
seems to me to have a direct
connection with the job
creating bureaucratic colossus
which the welfare and social
work fields have become.
I would remind some Of
our hypertender citizens that
there was once a young man
who spent most of his child
hood de. formative years'D
in debtors prison with his
profligate. shiftless family.
Always inclined to be some
thing Of a dandy. this young
man was consumed by shame
and q gnawing desire to have
all the expensive. pretty
things Of this world. His
name was Charles Dickens.
Florence King
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
Allegro Fathers View of Crime and Bows

The Commissioners Crime
Council has been formed and
has held its first meeting.
This Council, composed of 80
leading citizens of the capt.
tai of the richest nation in
the world, has been charged
by the District Commission
erS and the citizens of Wash
ington. D. c. to gather facts
as to why the crime rate is
so great in this city, espe-
cially among juveniles. 1t
will be expected to make
some workable recommends
tions for reducing this crime
rate after reviewing facts
presented in the various pre-
cinct meetings. If this Crime
Council with no paid staff
or trained investigators can
produce any tangible results
it will merit commentator
and sincere thanks from all
of the citizens of Washing
ton.
However, as this Crime
Commission starts its search
for the answers. it might
well start with the premise
that perhaps one of the great
est crimes today in Washing
ton is being a Negro. 1 say
this in all sincerity. Today,
as a parent, I have had the
most heartbreaking expert
ence of my life. Today, my
sonia years old-an aver
age American boy no more,
no less. went out looking for
employment in the District of
Columbia. He found no en-
ployment although he visited
over a dozen sources of en-
ployment including the
United States Employment
Service. He was told In sew
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
Federal Seminar

The White House has re-
Gently issued a directive to
all agencies and departments
that on each Tuesday morn
ing for a good part of the
summer a certain number
approximately $1,000 of the
part-time summer employees
will be relieved of their as
signed duties to be able to at
tend a series of informative
talks by the leaders of our
Government.
Somehow it seems strange
that these, for the most part,
young, ,impreSsionable high
school and college students
should be singled out for the
supposed purpose of obtain
ing a more comprehensive
view Of the organization and
workings Of our Government.
Could the fact that these
young people are the potential
Democrats of 1864 and 1868
have anything to do with the
ultimate object of these
talks? If so, why is this be-
ing done on taxpayers time?
I also find it difficult to
understand the D. A. r. al
lowing the use of Constitu-
ton Hall for this purpose.
J. r. Redmon.
\ r..
The administration has
recently announced efforts to
stimulate the interest of COL
lege students in government
and in its various facets.
An integral part of this
program is the White House
Summer Seminar Program
for college students working
in Washington this summer.
The first event was to be an
address by the President at
Constitution Hall at 10 am.
June 20. Our first impression
of Government (the Execu-
tive branch, as gained from
this event, is that of a poorly
organized. inefficient, lame
and farcical monolithic bu-
reaucracy.
To be admitted, the student
had to obtain a pass, which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25

Now, turn forward from
last fall to early summer Of
the present year. The stock
market has undeniably been
falling in a distinctly uneom-
Portable If not indeed in an
alarming way. Certain kinds
of hsrd-core unemployment
still exist and. for various
causes, may be spreading
here and there. Lack of
economic confidence in the
Kennedy administration I'M
arguably exists among busi-
nesSmen-and this is unar-
guably bad, justified or not.
Along with all this, how
ever, are certain incontest-
able facts: Industrial produc-
ton in the last reporting
month, May. went to q record
high. Automobile assemblies
rose. So did automobile sales.
Output of home goods, Of
Industrial, commercial and
farm machinery and Of
freight and transportation
equipment. also rose. Total
employment was at or near
q record high.
Situation Today
Now, none of this Is said
to suggest that everything in
the economy is just peachy
and that there is no room
or need for improvement-or
for rational and reasonable
concern. Still. the great cen
trail truth does remain that
even if the business scene
were incomparably worse
that it is or is ever likely to
be, the situation Of the peo-
pie is infinitely better than
1t was last fall.
But what do we now do?
Do we thank fate and fortune
and God that we now stand
where we do on life's truly
great and mortal issues-the
preservation Of freedom and
peace. If only a kind of peace?
No, we could not get very
moved in that autumn time
when it seemed possible that
the whole world might be
broken apart in smoke and
flame. But we are dreadfully
excited, and generally and
excessively worried now that
1t seems possible-just pos
sible-that many of us may
lose some of our luxuries and
that some of us might-juSt
might-lose our jobs for a
little while.
Can a Nation be judged by
the kind Of thing 1t permits
itself to fear the most?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25

hurt and anguish in my heart
today because I could not
give this boy. my son, an an
Swer. I could give him no
tangible proof that there was
a reward for juvenile de-
cency. This boys greatest
fault and obstacle today was
that he had committed the
most unforgivable crime, that
OF having been born a Negro
in this Nations Capital.
So as the Crime Commits
sion moves forward in its
effort to find some answers
as to why so many of our
youth drop out of school, and
why the juvenile crime rate
is so high, I hope they will
somehow come up with a few
answers for my son and the
thousands of his contem-
poraries who like him have
not dropped out of school nor
committed any crimes. All of
these decent young boys need
an answer as to how they
can live with dignity and
pride in a community that
denies them the right to work
solely on the basis of their
color. I have a strong feel
ing that until this Crime
Commission can give an an
swer to my son and make and
implement action recommen-
datiops so there will be merit
in juvenile decency, it can
give no answers to reduce
dropout rates or decrease the
incidence of juvenile crime
in this city.
Wendall A. Paris,
Supervising Director, Dept. ot
Health and Physical Educa.
ton. d. C.. Public Schools
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25
THE PASSING SCENE
Motion Judged by Its Fears?
BY WILLIAM S. WHITE

If a man is known by the
company he keeps. may a
Nation be judged by the kind
of trouble which really stirs
it the most?
The kind Of trouble which
we allow to concern us most
argues little for the wisdom
of our choices and even less
for the maturity Of our judg-
ment. the perceptiveneSs of
our discrimination and the
depth Of our national under
standing and compassion.
For what clearly seems to
bother us most of all is not
the possibility of nuclear war
that could destroy the world.
Rather, it is the possibility
Of recession that could at
worst compromise our pros
perity, reduce all profits and
eliminate some, and put
some Of our people out of
work.
These melancholy reflec-
tons arise from q columnist's
memories Of public attitudes
as they we're sensed only
eight or nine months ago and
from the same columnist's
estimates Of the public at
titudes of today.
Dreadful Alternatives
Then, sober and informed
men in Washington were
aware, and we're saying with
little short Of private despair.
that before the last leaves
of that autumn had fallen
one of two Of the most
dreadful alternatives in hu-
man history might befall
this country: A tacit sur
render, by way of appease-
ment, to Soviet imperialism
in Berlin; or a war of I'M
imaginable ferocity to sustain
the integrity and honor of
the free world.
BY luck perhaps. by Allied
efforts perhaps. but certainly
by the grace of Providence
this turned out to have been
far too gloomy a view. All
the same, at the time the
possibilities then seen were
clear and imminent and fac
tually unchallengeable.
But what was the country's
response? So far as this
correspondent could judge
from many conversations
with many people and from
letters from a great many
more, the public in general
was by no means deeply ex-
ercised.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25

THE TIGER OF CHIN, The
Ora m attic Emergence of
China as a Nation by Leon
ard Cottrell. 245pp.. illus,
Holt, Rinehart and Win
ston, IS.
Leonard Cottrell has writ
ten a number of popular
books about the ancient civil
lization of Asia Minor. His
new book, The Tiger of
Chin" takes us to the Far
East and to A relatively re-
cent period.
Mr.. Cottrell has a specific
and praiseworthy purpose:
to make the time and place
of which he writes come
alive. 1T is all familiar ter
ritory to SinologistS, who will
find nothing new in this
work." he says. But Ito me,
the journey has been all
absorbing. 1t began as a
gentle amble over a dead
land in which tools, pottery,
and other artifacts enabled
one to form a generalized
picture Of peoples rather
than Of people. Then, as I
proceeded, buildings began
to appear, and men and
women who could speak and
write"
The central character Of
the book is Shin Huang Ii,
Self-styled First Emperor,
and the man known as the
Tiger of Chin. Shin Huang
Ii is not a name but a title
which is almost an exact
equivalent of the Roman
Divus Augustus" So we
must become accustomed to
meeting the gentleman rath-
er less formally as King
Cheng.
HE WAS BORN IN 25S
b. c.. acceded to the throne
of Chin in 247 B. c., and
died in 210 B. C. In the
course of his reign he con-
quered the other important
Chinese states and created a
centralized monarchy whose
administration did not de-
pend on the frequently ten
uous ties Of feudal fealty.
The subsection of a feudal
nobility land its re-emer-
gence, too would not have
been novel in the Mediteran-
can area. Egypt had gone
through it more than 1000
years earlier. But it was a
new development in what is
now China.
King Cheng was responsible
for two other events which
have assured his place in
world history. The Great
Wall Of China was built
during his reign. And books,
scores Of books, whose con-
tents were considered dan
gerous to his power and the
so-called Legalist philosophy
that supported it were
burned.
The dominant philosopher,
Ii SSu. a man who both fas-
cinates and repels, is sup
posed to have simplified
Chinese script during the
period, and the military man
who supervised the building
of the wall, Gen. Meng T'ien,
discovered capillary action
and invented the hair brush
with which Chinese char
acters have been written ever
since.
So much for the main
facts. AS he clearly states in
his introduction, Cottrell
does no more than recapitu-
late them from the standard
secondary sources and trans
lated primary sources.
His main effort is directed
towards confronting us with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25

centennial. To those who
worked with him and wit
messed the results of his en-
deavors, he will always re-
main devoted and inspiring
American who will be sorely
missed, especially throughout
the remaining centennial
years.
Eugene H. Breitenberg,
Captain, United States Army.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25

Pen names may be used if
letters carry i0riters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used nil be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped eHveIopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-25

Supervising Director, Dept. of
Health and Physical Educa-
ton, D. C. Public Schools.
Smyrna times., 1962-12-13
Need Specialists
In Food Industry

surplus of production cap
acity," says Claude Phillips,
chairman of the department of
agronomy and agricultural en-
cheering, at the University.
In the not too far future 1t
appears that we may have ex-
hausted all these surpluses and
have a surplus population-----
a population that is larger than
the supply of food.
Here is the challenge for to-
days superior student. You
have the opportunity to become
a trained agricultural scientist
and make important contribu-
tions to Americas fuuure-----
contributions that will be as
valuable as any you nightmare
in any field of work.
Production of commercial
fertilizers and farm equipment
now rank as major industries.
Agricultural engineers and ayr
onomists are among the tech
nically trained personnel en-
gagged in meeting demand In
these areas.
Farm machinery should be
designed. developed, tested, and
produced by men with engin-
eering skill and a knowledge OF
the farmers needs, and such
men are constantly In demand
by various farm machinery COR
porations. Farm machinery
will perform ever more tasks
Smyrna times., 1962-12-13

lars each year for poultry and
egg products. Thousands of
people are needed to process
and distribute poultry and eggs
to these consumers. Men and
women trained In chemisy,
home economics, bacteriology,
and food technology are desper-
ately needed In the industries
that process the poultry pro-
ducts used by more than
$50, 900, 900 Americans.
More and more young men and
women are needed to service
agriculture, especially "where
the farmer stops and the con-
sumer begins," reports Wilbur
Hesseltine, associate professor
of dairy.
Americans are great con-
sumers of dairy products, such
as ice cream, milk, butter, and
c he ese-----w which requires
careful processing to keep quail
ity high and to insure flavor
and cleanliness. Ever-larger
plants demand more and better
m c hinery. operated with
greater skill and efficiency than
ever before.
The job of converting live
stock into consumer products,
from choice meat to medical
supplies belongs to the buyers,
scientists, and technologists of
the packing industry.
Other job opportunities along
this line vary from state and
city health inspectors to sales
work for various dairy pro-
duct manufacturers.
"Agronomy offers a chall-
enge and an opportunity to to-
days student. This challenge is
almost as important to our
future as that offered by the
Exploration of space. Today we
have a surplus of food, a sur
Iplus of agricultural land and a
Smyrna times., 1962-12-13

on tomorrow's farm. explains
Phillips.
Agriculture actively seeks
recruits-----both men and wo-
mentor jobs more often In the
city than on the farm. IL con-
stantly asks for more college
graduates ready to devote their