davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Early Forms of Life in Ocean
BY THOMAS K. HENRY

Many of the earliest forms
Of life on earth still exist in
the sea. In the relatively
stable environment of the
depths evolution moves much
more slowly than on land.
This Is reported by ocean,
ographers of the Woods Hole
(Mass.) Oceanographic Insti-
tuition, who are carrying on
an extensive study of marine
biology. The sea life, says
their report, includes repre-
sentatives of every major
plant and animal family
known to man.
They are concerned espe-
cially with the "cycle" of
oceanic life. This cycle, as on
land, is supported by sunlight
through the process of pho
tosynthesis. Says the report:
1.-THE pastures of the sea are
one-celled chlorophyll-bearing
plants called phytoplankton.
They are food for the herbi-
vorous zooplankton, free
floating or weakly swimming
animals of many shapes and
sizes. These in turn feed the
carnivores of the ocean and
the big carnivores eat the
little ones.
Death and decomposition
complete the cycle. The or
ganic material of both plants
and animals is subject to
bacterial decay which re-
leases again the carbon,
phosphorus and nitrogen
needed for photosynthesis.
Because organic matter sinks,
much of the decomposition
occurs in deep water, we'll be-
low the sunlt areas in which
photosynthesis must take
place. The essential elements,
however. eventually are re-
turned to the surface by
oceanic circulation, wind
mixing Of water or upwelling.
Process Described
Light sufficient for pho
tosynthesis can penetrate
only to depths of about 300
feet in the clearest ocean
water. Phytoplankton can
survive only down to this
depth but animal life has
been found in all parts of the
ocean, even at the bottom of
the deepest trenches"
At Woods Hole these life
studies are being carried out
in four main areas. Labora-
tory and field Investigations
are under way on the effects
OF seasonal changes in tenn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
Capitol Idea

Is Loew's Capitol Theater
to close in September? Do
the powers-that-be realize
that an entirely new genera
ton has grown up without
knowing vaudeville? When
the Capitol gave up stage
shows in 1850, its one dis
tinguishing feature that drew
local people and tourists to
its box office was thrown out
the window and it became
just another movie house, to
join others in the area.
Before any thought is CIV
en- to lowering the curtain
for the last time, bring back
a live "old-fashioned" bill
complete with movie, stage
show, cartoon. newsreel, and
the community sing with the
Capitol organ, a la Art
Brown. Along with the
youngsters. there's many an
adult, my family and I in
cluded, to whom such fare
would bring back fond mem
cries.
After all, one does tire Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17

when earlier vaulters were trying to
beat IS feet or get to 16 feet, no doubt
the smart athletes of those days would
have used them. One after another.
they shifted to better poles when better
poles were available. In virtually every
sport there have been changes in equip
ment to help improve performance-in
golf clubs, baseball gloves and bats,
tennis racquets and so on. In the Won
derful name of progress, let there be no
asterisks cluttering up the fiberglass
pole-vaulting records.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
u. N. Appraised

President Kennedy's plan
for purchasing up to 500 mil
lion in U. N. bonds is not a
political tussle between the
President and Congress, nor
is it merely another round in
the cold-war fight between
the United States and Russia.
1t is a death struggle for the
little nations of the world, a
direct assault upon their posi-
tons as international forces
and their right to help decide
the international issues which
face the world in increasing
numbers these days.
The day the U. N. fails, the
world will embark upon a road
that can only lead to another
war. The small nations, for
economic as well as political
reasons, will be forced to
choose sides, either with cap
italism or communism. Neu-
tralism will not be tolerated.
And the world will be back at
Sarajevo in 1914 or Poland,
1899.
President Kennedy's plan
for helping the U. N. out of
a financial hole offers the
best chance of keeping the
U. N. alive. 1t offers the best
opportunity of demonstrating
to large countries or blocs of
countries. that they cannot
use the U. N. for selfish pur-
pose. 1t offers the best oppor-
tunity Of emphasizing that
the United States will not let
the small nations be black
mailed out of their right to
hope and to work for peace in
concert with all other nations
of the world.
Phelps Phelps,
Former U. S. Ambassador
to the Dominican Repub-
lie, Jersey City, N. j.
II n -
Secretary of State Dean
Rusk has said: 1.-THE alter
native to United Nations in
tervention Din Katanga
would have been violence, and
chaos, and a ready-made OBJ
portunity for Soviet exploit
tation, which the United
States would have been COM
PEELED to counter"
Let us consider the actual
results of the U. N. inter-
Vention: /. Violence and in
Surrectlon continued in the
form of a civil war. 2. Chaos,
the natural product of war
and instruction. 8. A ready
made opportunity for Soviet
exploitation, afforded to the
Communists by the very ex-
istence of violence and chaos.
4. A shortage in the U. N.
treasury in the amount of
$500 million, which the Presi-
dent sees fit to ask the Amer
lean people to underwrite half
OF, for the gamble that this
policy of U. N. armed inter-
vention against a segment in
the Congo, which would have
preferred to establish a pro-
Western anti-Soviet govern
ment, might yet work out to
the advantage of the free
world. S. Worldwide indig-
nation and resentment ex-
pressed against the U. N. &C
tions.
John w. Adams, jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
On Making Money

The recent news article in
reference to improved paper
being used in the Bureau Of
Engraving and Printing to
produce a better and longer
lasting national currency, is
not exactly a progress re-
port. It is another example
of official failure to install
better methods, procedures
and systems as they become
available. The taxpayer
should be thankful for even
a measure of progress, but
at the same time, study Of
the facts in this case will
show that this improved
paper has been available for
the past Is years.
The current Bur au
method of material handling
is illustrated and described
in an out-of-date material
handling handbook as being
". first in historical devel-
opment." In other words, the
fork-truck and pallet system
Of in-plant mechanical han
ding first came on the mark
ct and was generally avail
able about 1915. In industrial
America there are upwards
Of is million pallets; in the
Bureau, where conditions are
ideal, there are none.
The present bucket brigade
Of supplying ink to presses
is as far out of date as fire
fighting with buckets. Mod
ern ink pumps would mech
anize this operation and
the list Of advantages and
tax-dollars saved Is too long
to be included here.
The Bureaus currency
presses were operated at
two-thirds capacity for Is
years. There has been no
improvement In the paper
sizing and finishing proc
eSSeS.
In the event that all pos
Sible and available improve
ments in paper currency are
ever made, the Bureau could
be shut down for long peri
DDS of time.
RalDh ". PAYNE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
THE POLITICAL MILL
PENNSYLVANIA Politics In a Stew
By GOULD LINCOLN

rial candidate, Arthur NC
Gonigle, who lost by 10000
votes to Democratic Cover
nor David Lawrence.
Not all Of the more con-
sentative Republicans, who
might be called members Of
the Old Guard, are for Judge
Woodside and against Sena-
tor Scott. Quite the contrary.
Mr.. Scott has some impor-
tant segments-and he al
ready has the support Of a
considerable number of coun-
ty chairmen.
The Democratic Stew
If Senator Scott wins the
gubernatorial nomination. he
is likely to find himself OPP
posed by an anti-organiza-
ton Democrat, Richardson
Dilworth. Mr.. Dilworth has
just resigned as mayor of
Philadelphia and declared
himself a candidate for Gov
ernor. Dilworth has shown
himself completely independ-
ent on occasion. He is OPP
posed for the nomination
by Philadelphia's Democratic
boss, Representative William
E. Green. Mr.. Green has said
Mr.. Dilworth cannot win.
Further, up to date, Governor
Lawrence has been reluctant
to support Mr.. Dilworth for
the nomination. Could be the
Democrats would have a
showdown battle in the
primaries, as we'll as the
Republicans.
What the Kennedy admin
iStration will do in this in
tra-party row remains to be
seen. 1t could go for Mr.. Dill
worth, although Mr.. Green
rolled up a huge 100000 vote
lead for the President when
he needed it to carry the
State against Richard Nixon
in 1860. The Kennedys, how
ever. have been throwing
their weight around in other
States IA notable case is New
York; in order to see that
party nominees are to their
liking-nominees they believe
can win against the Republi-
can opposition. Mr.. Dilworth
Is an attractive figure and
good campaigner and may fit
in with the Kennedy strategy.
Further, Senator Joseph S.
Clark has spoken favorably
of him, and Senator Clark is
a strong supporter of the
Kennedy programs.
The fact remains that Sem
ator Clark, who is up for re-
election, is a Philadelphia
and so is Mr.. Dilworth. The
two men had prominent parts
in the cleanup campaign
which finally overthrow the
G. o. P. clutch on the city's
government, and each has
been mayor of Philadelphia.
A question is whether the rest
of the State is willing to go
along with a Philadelphia
ticket. The present Governor
Gawrence) was mayor of
Pittsburgh.
The Scott wing of the Re-
publican Party has so far
come to no conclusion re-
garding a candidate to run
for Senator against Senator
Clark, who it is expected will
be a hard man to defeat. The
next step in this Pennsyl-
vania political waltz seems to
be up to the Bloom Wood
ide-Van zandt group. Judge
Woodside has declared since
the Scott announcement he
does not intend to withdraw.
Mr.. Van zandt has made no
comment on the Scott an
nouncement for the guber-
material nomination.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
Urban Politics

Concerning the proposed
Urban Affairs Department,
little notice has been given to
its political implications,
which to me appears to be
the underlying purport. While
Senator, President Kennedy
assiduously cultivated pre-
cinct workers in the cities,
and the presidential elections
reflected the results; the Re
publican Party was woefully
short of city workers in that
election and still Is. What
more appropriate recompense
could be given the Democratic
Party workers than the insti-
tuition of a department on
whose payroll they could be
placed legitimately? Not only
could the workers be taken
care of, but continuous polit-
ical service would be insured
without cost to the party as
well as future elections.
Joseph N. Nielsen.
Being opposed to the crea-
ton Of a Department of Ur-
ban Affairs and Housing for
a number of reasons, I wrote
to the Maryland members of
Congress to express my OPP
position.
Representative Daniel
Brewster, candidate for the
Democratic nomination for
Senator, replied by sending
a copy Of his news letter. It
stated his support for the
new department and gave his
reasons, which contained
many Of the normal bureau
cratic opinions currently ex-
pressed by those seeking a
super-centralized, all-power-
full Federal Government.
There was, however, one fact
as opposed to opinion. This
was the information that
when the Department of Ag-
riculture was created to as
sist the United States farm
ers, 80 per cent Of the popula-
ton Of this country lived on
the farm, whereas now, 80 per
cent Of the population lives in
urban areas. This one fact
leads me to two different
thoughts: Cd If the farmer
Is in bad shape as we are
told, can urban residents stand
to have a new departmenthelp
him as the farmer has been
helped? (2> If it is true that
the Department of Agricul-
ture has as it's sole purpose
assistance to the farmer
(somehow I thought all citi-
ems were interested in food
then do we need another
department?
Since only 20 per cent of the
country's population now lives
on the farm, would not Mr..
Brewster's reasoning con-
clude that the Department of
Agriculture should be abol-
ished? This way the Govern
ment would have all the grain
warehouses available for
storage Of the urban prob
lens. Certainly the taxpay-
ers' bill Of almost Sc billion a
year for the agriculture pro-
grams would cover at least a
part Of the funds Mr.. Brew
ster wishes to spend to assist
the urban residents.
To paraphrase the saying
II can take care Of my
enemies but God save me
from my friends" may God
and saner members of Con-
gress save us all from Dan
Brewster's help.
Is Mr.. Brewster going to
introduce a bill to abolish the
Department Of Agriculture?
TannaPd r W;lJiov,re
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used it
letters carry Driters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSa-
ton. Those not used iDill be
returned only Uhen accom-
panied by self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17

organization in Pennsylvania
survive the attacks launched
against 1t by former Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Senator
Hugh Scott? So far the Or
ganization has shown no
signs Of surrender. 1t could
wind up dead. The fact it has
lost Statewide election after
election in the last decade
has given Pennsylvania Re-
publicanS something to think
about. If they act, they may
give the party a new vigor.
The showdown will come if
and when the two sides go to
the mat in the May Is guber-
material and senatorial pri-
maries.
The insistence of the Or
ganization - which in the
past has been allied with the
Pennsylvania Manufacturers
Association - upon naming
the party candidate for Gov
ernor this year, when the
Republicans appear to have
a chance for victory, has
caused Senator Scott to
throw his hat into the ring
and Gen. Eisenhower to give
him his backing. The organi-
zation's candidate-Superior
Court Judge Robert E. Wood
side-has SO far shown no
signs of withdrawing. He is
teamed up with Representa-
tive James E. Van Zandt,
candidate for the Republican
nomination for Senator, in
what Republican State Chair
man George Bloom and the
rest of the organization
called a harmony ticket
presumably because Mr.. Van
Zandt started out as the
anti = organization candidate
for the gubernatorial nomi-
nation against. Judge Wood
side. The announcement Of
this ticket caused Senator
Scott and Gen. Eisenhower
to blow the top off the
G. o. P. tent.
Scott has Edge
A final effort for harmony
In the party was the an
nouncement of Representa-
tive William w. Scranton
that he would be available
for the gubernatorial nomi-
nation If both sides would
support him. He Is the young
Congressman who has been
looked upon as a political
find in Pennsylvania. He had
been importuned by. both
sides in the past to make the
race. But the Old Guard has
said it would have none of
him now and is sticking to
Judge Woodside.
The date for closing all
filing of candidates. is March
IL. Unless there should be
some new move, some agree
ment perhaps to go to Mr..
Scranton as a real compro-
mise candidate in the in
term, both Senator Scott
and Judge Woodside will en-
ter the primary. In such a
contest the edge should be in
favor Of the Senator, who
was elected with a lead of
10000 votes over his Demo-
cratic opponent. the then
Governor George Leader. At
the same time. Judge Wood
side was losing to a Demo-
GRAFT in his bid for a seat on
the State Supreme Court. In
that election, Senator Scott,
who for 16 years had been a
Congressman from Philadel-
phia, provided one of the few
bright spots In an otherwise
unhappy Republican year. He
kept his election campaign
quite separate from that of
the organizations gubernato-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17

television, with some of its
intellectual CD programs.
Dust off and tune up the
Capitol organ, and let's hear
it again.
Isn't it worth a try, If only
for a few months, to see if
the big movie house would be
interested in setting up at
fractions that will truly at
tract?
And I bet many suburban.
ties would come into town
eagerly for such entertain
ment!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-17
Albert f. NeviaScr.
'BubbIeheodedT

Your February II edito-
rial entitled "Bubbleheaded"
left me with the feeling I had
one shoe stuck on a piece OF
of gum.
AS a rather conservative
Though not Barry Goldwa-
terish) Republican, I agree
with you that the ETC is
going too far in it's endeavors
to regulate the picture cards
which go along with (hor-
rorsD bubblegum.
But as a mother who picks
up baseball, football, basket
ball, and even Valentine
cards from room to room and
floor to floor, I think may
be it would simplify matters
if such cards were banned al
together.
pafricia pafch
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05
Spooks To Gather
 In Borough Study

A group sponsored by the Subur- ban Property owners of Kodiak (Spooks) met Thursday evening to discuss the Borough program.
 Under the chairmanship of T. T. Jackson, the organization is study ing various aspects of the Borough program.
 Next meeting will be held on Monday, Oct. 8, at 8 pm. at the Phil Anderson home (The Ranch) |. All owners of property outside of the city limits are invited to attend in preparation to participate in the forming of the Borough Study Group the following evening.
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05
Kodiak Athletes In cross-countV Meet At Palmer

Kodiak high school athletes will enter their first cross-country team in the Western Alaska meet to be held in Palmer on Saturday, Oct. G.
 Teams from Anchorage, Fair banks, Kenai, Wasilla, Seward and Palmer are expected to partici- pate.
 Each school will enter seven boys in the meet, but only five will count towards points with the team finishing with the fewest number of points to be declared winner.
 The course is laid out over gravel and pasture and will be approx imately 2.2 miles in length.
 The seven KHS runners will be chosen from the following boys who have participated in the early
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05
KODIAK MIRROR
CASEY ANGELES KODIAK KING CRAB

For five to seven hungry peo- pie, depending on their sizes and appetiteS:
 Chop ten pounds of cooked, frozen or fresh Kodiak King Crab legs into three inch pieces-do not remove shell but slit for easier re- moval of meat. Crack claws-again do not remove meat. Pile as much as possible into a large collander and set into very large kettle of the picking variety with about an inch of boiling water for steam. Cover tightly and let heat through until just very hot. Serve with the following hot butter recipe in in- dividual bowls for dunking; a crisp, cold salad; and hot Russian rye onion bread.
 Hot butter for Kodiak King Crab: Melt three quarters of a pound of margarine (this is rich enough without adding saturated fats to the damage) add the strained juice of two lemons, about six drops of Tabasco sauce, and sprinkle in some Spice Islands Dill Weed. Keep this hot for a little while before serving so dill has a chance to assert itself.
 Hot Russian Rye Onion Bread: One large loaf of Naughton's dark Russian rye, sliced not too thinly. Brush each slice with melted mar. garine and insert thin rings of sweet onion between each slice. Wrap in foil and bake at 400 de-
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05
Alaska Landing Law Explained
(Continued from Last Week.

(Continued from Last Week.
 Of special importance in this matter is Section 2 of the landing law (Chapter 121, SLA 196O) which we quote:
 "The Board of Fish and Game is authorized to promulgate rules and regulations in order to eff. fectuate the purposes of this Act defining the adjacent high sea areas, defining migratory fish and migratory shellfish and to make coastal fishery rules and regulations governing the man. ner, means, conditions and time for the taking of migratory fish and migratory shellfish applica. ble within designated adjacent high sea areas"
 In conclusion we might point out that foreign fishing fleets, particu- larly the Russians, are showing an increased interest in the immedi- ate waters around our island. Their plans as revealed in their fishery journals indicate they intend to fish these waters more intensively and extensively than they are at present. Despite any assurances the Japanese might have made, it is not reasonable for us to assume they would not fish the same areas the Russians do. It is becoming in- creasingly clear that Americans (particularly AlaskanS and espec- ially Kodiak fishing interests) MUST plan, prepare and act (and act swiftly to meet this threat 10 our economic survival posed by the foreign fleets. We do not, at this point, pretend to know the answer or answers, but it is Suffl- ciently clear that action must be taken-and quickly. Such answers must necessarily come from the pressures of the industry - the fishermen and cannerymen, as well as the research biologists.
 Remember while we sit back and consider, debate and plan on what we should do, the foreign fleets are busy harvesting our fisheries and according to recent reports, making inroads into our own domestic markets for these fishery products.
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05
Here's A Kodiak King Grab Recipe Ala kaIsin Bay Benevolent Society Style

greeS for about 20 minutes - if there's slight delay in dinner, little extra time in the oven won't spoil it.
 Caution: In heating the crab, care should be taken not to cook any further as this will toughen the meat. When your guests are we'll into their first servings, start heating the rest of your King Crab and it will be just right, but not overdone, for another platter. Smelling the King Crab before heat ing and serving may be bit more elegant but it's sin to lose the incredibly wonderful flavor King Crab retains by heating in its shell.
 For cooking out I suggest adapt ing this recipe ala Kalsin Bay Benevolent Society style as served with great success at the 1861 Ko- diak King Crab Festival: Serve hot Shelled King Crab in generous portions on Poor Boy buns; pour the hot butter sauce over the crab in the roll and eat with fingers and my green-eyed blessing.
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05
Malicious Damage To Small Craft,
 Owners Reporting

Wanton destruction of his pleas ure craft Sea Hawk" moored at the small boat harbor was reported this week to the Mirror by Nick Rauch, supervisor of the White Alice project in Kodiak.
 Vandals ripped the canvas cover over the boat, cut the microphone, and sprayed powder from the fire extinguisher over the cabin.
 Rauch estimated damage at about $500, and said that month ago pistol and gas caps were stolen from his craft.
 Other owners have reported rock throwing at the boats, oars and oar locks stolen and evidence of par ties being held on the boats.
 As many as 300 boats are moored there at times, and there is little patrolling in the area during the night hours.
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05

season conditioning: Harry Wilson, Wayne Kozak, Robbie Acheson, Larry Dietzler, Mike Nixon, Fred Zharoff, Arthur Olsen, Richard Johnson, Chester Clymer, Cletus Leverette, George Garroute, Bill Cunningham, Steve Franklin, Mike Barnett and John Fletcher.
 The team will depart Friday and return Sunday via PIMA.
Kodiak mirror., 1962-10-05

Mirror classifieds bring results
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-14

read one stamp ordered by 8
Federal employe who may have
pounded stamps from ink paC
to paper imparting the follow.
ing instructions:
EXCLUDED FROM AUTO.
Matte DOWNGRADING AMI
DEMONSTRATION; Elk.
EMPTED FROM AUTOMATIC
DOWNGRADING; DOWN
GRADED AT IL YEARS IN
TERVAL, NOT AUTOMATIC.
ALLY DECLASSIFIED; and
DOWNGRADED AT 3 YEARS
INTERVAL, DECLASSIFIEr
AFTER IL YEARS.
And one little old lady had
this message made into a STAMP
for her stationery:
Dear letter, go upon your
way
Over mountain, plain or sea
God bless all who speed your
flight
To where I wish you to be
And bless all those beneath
the roof
Where I would bid you rest,
But bless even more the one
to whom
! This letter is addressed"