davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
Reality and u Thont

Not Unexpectedly, Semyon TSarap-
kin, the Kremlin's chief representative
at the resumed Geneva Disarmament
Conference, has fatty rejected neutral
iSt" proposals for an interim" agree .
ment that would put an end to atomic
hydrogen tests by next January l at the
latest. This Is not hard to understand.
For the proposals have advocated, in
principle at least, on-site inspections to
guard against the possibility of clan
deStine underground nuclear tests.
Such safeguards have been opposed
by the Kremlin throughout more than
Is years of negotiating efforts to estab-
liSh a ban on nuclear testing and lay
the groundwork for an effective, trust
worthy system of disarmament. Accord
ingly there is nothing surprising about
Mr.. Tsarapkin's latest remarks empha-
sizing that there will never be any
agreement" so long as the United States
and the West as a whole insist upon
establishing inspectional checks on
things like underground disturbances
that could be either secret nuclear det-
onations or natural tremors deep in the
earth.
Why is 1t that the Kremlin persist
emily vetoes the idea of joining with the
United States and other powerS-includ-
ing now the "neutraliSts"-in establish
ing a limited policing system of this
sort? The question speaks pretty much
for itself as measure of Soviet furtive-
ness and untrustworthiness. Beyond
that, in its own way, 1t adds up to a
rather pointed commentary on Secretary
General U Thant's surprisingly injudi-
cious and naive remarks the other day
about our country's alleged failure to
understand and appreciate the changes
that have taken place in the world since
the death Of Generalissimo Stain.
Certainly Mr.. Thant should give some
thought to the fact that there has been
little perceptible change in Soviet policy,
not since l945, on any issues of conse-
quence, ranging all the way from Berlin
to outer space. That is the basic reason
why no real progress has been made
toward a significant easement of the
tensions Of the cold war Mr.. Thant
should tailor his speeches accordingly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
Soviet CoIonioIism

IN recent days the United Nations
General Assembly has been told some
interesting and enlightening things
about Soviet imperialism" and colon
ialiSm." The Kremlin's propagandists,
for years past, have been using the two
words to fare-thee-well in an effort to
smear and libel the Western powers as
exploiters and enSlavers of backward
peoples But now the USSR's represent
atives are finding themselves on the
defensive. Now they are being asked,
even by some Of the Asian and African
members, to explain why a Russian
empire" exists and why the subjugated
masses within 1t have no freedom Of
choice and are not allowed to strive
for independence, regardless of how
much they may want it.
BY way Of contrast, as pointed out
by Sir Patrick Dean, the United King
dom's spokesman at the U. NJ, over 600
million human beings In countries for
merly run by the British have been
given independence since 1899. SINH
larry, other Western nations like France,
Belgium and Holland have relinquished
their control over numerous additional
territories with population of at least
$40 million. Contrariwise, while the ad-
vanced countries of the free world have
thus been "decolonizing" (perhaps too
swiftly, the Soviet Union has been hold
Ing on tightly to all the once-free states
gobbled up by Russia in the days of the
Czars-states stretching eastward
through central Asia to Outer Mongolia,
and spreading out elsewhere throughout
the vast land mass OF the USSR and its
many different nationalities, some OF
them mutually hostile.
AS for territories acquired since the
time OF the Carbon and the upheaval
OF the Second World War, the Kremlin
has made servile satellites Of nearly a
dozen formerly independent nations in
Central and Eastern Europe, and II has
brutally absorbed-though not yet d.
gested-the Baltic lands of Estonia, Lat
via and Lithuania, and South Sakhalin
and the Kurile Islands in the Far East.
These are facts that speak pretty much
for themselves. AS even some Of the
most guileless Of Asias and Africa's
"neutralists" are beginning TO see, "co-
lonialism," while only minor remnants
OF 1t exist in the West, is a very big part
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
A Major Role for Agriculture in Foreiqn Aid

Good management and a
"hard-boiled examination" of
our foreign aid program, as
suggested in your editorial,
and in william s. Whites
column respectively (The
Evening Star, November 30),
are both obviously desirable
or even necessary II foreign
aid is to survive. But they are
not enough. There must also
be definite. specific objec-
tives suited to the economy
and needs of each country.
The purpose Of the Marshall
Plan was to rehabilitate the
war-damaged countries, and
1t is generally regarded as
having been highly successful.
Aid TO the less developed
countries has for the most
part lacked productive spe-
cific detectives. and has failed
TO enlist the support OF Con-
gress or that OF the American
people.
Seventy per cent or more
OF the people Of these coun-
tries live on or derive their
living directly from the land.
Their economy is based on
agriculture. Poverty. hunger,
and malnutrition are common
denominators In nearly all
Of them. It seems obvious TO
this writer that the improve
ment OF agriculture, so these
countries can help them
selves. should rate the highest
priority. Instead we have
built roads which few people
use, factories whose products
cannot be sold because Of lack
OF buying power. houses for
middle income groups who
should build their own, and
school houses in countries
that cannot support even q
system OF elementary educa-
ton. We do many things
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
Lions in the Streets

Over the years, I have
bristled with indignation over
newspaper reports Of rapings
in homes, in apartment build
ing elevators, and on the
streets; Of children violated
and murdered; of men beaten
into insensibility on down.
town streets by young ruff
fans equipped with brass
knuckles; Of a woman slashed
in a house of worship. News
papers state that the Police
Department Is checking its
files Of known rapists, known
child molesters, known per-
verts, known housebreakers,
known muggers. Why are
not these "knowns" kept I'M
der lock and key? Should
our Nations laws be so ar
chaic or so entangled that
the workers. the law-abiding
citizens who pay the taxes to
finance the operation Of our
Federal and local govern
ments, are, in effect. thrown
to the wolves, to the mercies
Of the human flotsam which
survives only at the expense
of the earners?
I have had a traumatic ex-
perience in our Nations Cap
ital. Last year, I paid in
excess Of $4,000 in Federal
income taxes and in excess
of $500 in District income
taxes. My income taxes for
1862 will be higher. I think
I am not unreasonable in
expecting, In return for my
cash payments, q modicum Of
protection in going to and
from my place Of work, to
and from my church, to and
from a market, and in the
privacy Of my home. I have
not received this small return,
however. I have been APP
preached, from time to time,
by panhandlers, DRINKS, and
other unsavory characters of
undetermined motives, in the
morning, at noontime and at
early dusk. At 11:45 am. on
November %, 1862, 1 arrived
home for lunch to find my
home ransacked, plundered
and desecrated. This felony
had been accomplished in
broad daylight on a we'll
Travelled street, a whisper
from our State Department.
Heretofore, I never thought
OF myself as a zealot. I have
become one since that day.
/ am declaring war on the
idealists who cannot recog-
nize that a lion in the streets
would be far less perilous
than the human flotsam of
mo fixed address," mo ap-
parent occupation" mo visi-
BILE means Of support" which
preys on the workers fruits;
on the judiciary who rap the
gavel and boredly say thirty
days; on our legislators who
vote billions for foreign aid
but refuse to appropriate
sufficient funds for District
Of Columbia maintenance. I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08

which under different cir
cumstances would be highly
desirable, but with situations
as they are provide only tenn
porary relief, and in the end
lead only to disappointment,
lack Of confidence in our
judgment, and even doubt as
to our motives.
Such attempts to improve
agriculture as have been
made-and there have been
several - have been based
largely on the erroneous
assumption that all that is
necessary Is American dol
lars. technical know how,
corn hybrids and varieties Of
other crops. and practices
that have been successful in
this country. AS every agri-
culturist knows. practices
that are highly successful in
one country are seldom
so in others with different
climates, soils, and cultural
and economic conditions. We
no longer ship tractors and
combines to countries that
prepare land by hand or a
one-horse pillow and harvest
all crops with a hand sickle
-as we have done-but we
do other things almost as
impractical.
Our administrators seem
not TO have realized that sue
cessful agricultural extension
depends on having worth
while practices TO teach or
have assumed that practices
that are good in one coun-
try can be easily and simply
modified TO suit other coun-
tries. AS a matter OF fact. this
can usually be done only by
research In the countries
where they are TO be used or
by the more expensive cut
and-try method.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Biological Year in Antorctico
By THOMAS R. HENRY

This will be the Interna-
tional Biological Year at the
bottom of the world.
Exploration parties Of
several nations near the
South Pole during the pres
ent Antarctic summer will
concentrate on the life
phenomena Of ice-covered
wastes. Intensive scientific
study Of earth's seventh con-
tinent and the seas around
it started with the Interna-
tional Geophysical Year two
years ago when permanent
camps were established by
the worlds chief nations. In
accordance with the purpose
OF the year Of exceptional
solar activity, attention was
concentrate largely on
geophysical, geological and
meteorological fields.
Life phenomena largly was
neglected. There were few
biologists In the exploring
parties. Life, however, Is
abundant and occurs In some
OF its weirdest known forms
as a result Of evolutionary
survival Of the fittest in the
intense and barren cold.
U. s. Colleges Participate
Some of the major investi-
cations will be carried out
by Americans recruited from
various universities. Notable,
for example. will be a Johns
Hopkins study Of the
behavior Of the wandering
albatross, TO be carried out
by DR.. William ]. L. Sladen.
This is the largest OF all
known sea birds. Very little
is yet known Of It's ways Of
life and It's migrations. Some
have been banded or marked
with color dyes. II Is known
TO have extensive circum-
polar migrations. Birds are
being recovered in Australia,
New Zealand, South Africa
and South America. There is
also some evidence that there
is a special winter feeding
ground somewhere on the
Antarctic shores. Much the
same applies to the giant
petrol, second largest OF sea
birds.
Smaller albatross species,
II is known. migrate from
Antarctic islands TO both
South Africa and South
America. They constitute a
connecting link between the
isolated populations Of the
Antarctic and the fauna Of
other continents In the south
ern hemisphere. Bird band
ing will be a major activity
OF the Johns Hopkins scien-
lists. They plan to band
about 10000 birds. Recovery
data is necessary for knowl-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08

refuse to compromise with
evil. I have purchased an
attack dog which shall abide
in my home while I am at
the office working in a stra-
tegic position for the Depart
ment Of Defense; I shall buy
a gun, a blackjack and brass
knuckles which I shall not
hesitate to use in defense of
my and other hapless in
dividuals' right to live in
Washington and walk the
streets Of Washington. I
shall fight fire with fire.
Lucille Raiche
Blind Girl Terrorized by
Intruder" Turn over the
page: "11-Year Old Girl
Raped in Woods"
From time to time, we are
reminded that we are about
to have a $40 million aquar-
ium, the finest in the world.
We are also to have a "Cul-
tural Center" the most elabo-
rate in the world. Our posi-
ton calls for both.
Could we, please, have ad-
ditional policemen; policemen
who would not be assigned to
duty taking care Of pickets in
front Of the White House?
The young lady, in the
news item first mentioned,
even though blind, was for
tunate in being able to call
upon a young friend, also
blind, for help. Lucky for
both Of them that the young
man was not slugged before
reaching the victim. Many Of
us. strangers to the young
couple, are also grateful that
both survived the attack.
True. many Of us have be-
come accustomed to trying to
get home before dark, and to
staying there, regardless
that, for many years, We
occasionally made an eve
ming call, or even attended a
church service. That's out.
Before long, we will have
the finest aquarium in the
world and, perhaps, the most
elaborate cultural center.
But, could we please, have
police protection?
Ada Nj. Wentz.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
THE POLITICAL MILL
The Wooinq of the South
BY GOULD LINCOLN

10 other States, IS per cent
or better. And Mr.. Miller
added that his party now will
wage o hard battle to win
more electoral votes In the
South in the coming presi-
dental election than were :
won by former President
Eisenhower in 1852 and 1856.
and former Vice President
Nixon in 1860. In 1852, Gen.
Eisenhower carried four
Southern States - Florida,
Tennessee, Texas and Vir-
ginia; in 1856 he carried
these four States again and
added Louisiana to the bag.
Mr.. Nixon. however, slid back
by two States. carrying only
Florida, Tennessee and Vir-
ginia, though he made close
races against Mr.. Kennedy
in Texas and one or two
other Southern States.
Sees Opposition to Democrats
Chairman Miller empha-
sizes hat the Republican
leadership felt no guilt COM
pick over charges by some
party members that @. o. p.
candidates in the South had
run as segregationists. "As I
have emphasized in the past,
our successes in the South
need no apology" he said.
They are the product Of hard
and intelligent effort on the
part of people dedicated to
the Republican principles of
freedom and sound govern
ment." His whole contention
Is that Republican gains in
the South have been due, not
to the race issue, but to OPP
position Of Southern voters
to the New Deal and New
Frontier programs Of DEM
ocratic administrations.
This claim that Southern
ers h ave responSed to the
Republican campaign efforts
because of their conservative
tendencies is borne out by
the enthusiasm among South
ern Republicans for Senator
Barry Goldwater Of Arizona
as a presidential candidate
the recognized spokesman of
the conservative wing Of the
party. This enthusiasm is
very real. And it is not con-
fined to the conservative Re-
publicans Of the South, but
is found among the conserva-
tives Of the North and West
in varying degrees.
This brings about the old
demand that the people be
given an opportunity to vote
for an honest to goodness
conservative Republican for
President. AS of today, it
sounds like wishful thinking.
If Senator Goldwater gets
into the race for the party
nomination-and he has not
said he will-the party in
national convention will have
to expect that he will stick
to his guns and go on record
in favor Of right to work"
laws, even a national law.
Nor will they know to what
degree in other respects he
will go conservative. However.
Senator Goldwater might be
used to hold in line enough
conservative delegates to the
party's national nominating
convention to dictate to what
other. candidates the nominal
tionS shall go.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08

The South may be sitting
high in the political saddle
come 1864. For her favor
will be sought by Republicans
and Democrats alike in the
next presidential election to
a degree never before
equaled. Except in a few in
stances. the Democrats have
accepted 1t as a fact that
Dixie would contribute its
entire electoral vote to their
candidates for President. The
Republicans, for their part.
have generally conceded the
Southland to their Demo-
cratic opponents.
When 1t comes to the ex-
pected race between Presi-
dent John F. Kennedy and
his Republican opponent -
whoever he may be - both
men will be in there making
a strong play for the electoral
votes Of the Southern States.
Mr.. Kennedy will not be
taking the advice Of some Of
the radical Democrats Of the
North who would let the
South go hang itself and
hope to hang onto States of
the North and West. He will
be remembering that had he
taken any such position in
the 1860 race against Richard
M. Nixon, he might have lost.
Indeed, an almost solid bloc
Of electoral votes from the
South might elect q Republic
can a year-and-half from
now. The Republican candi-
date will be equally con-
cerned with getting as many
electoral votes from the
Southern States as possible.
The Republicans have been
hard at work the last five
years, seeking to build a two
party system in the Old
South which would produce
Republican Congressman and
Governors. Republican Ma
tional Chairman William E.
Miller, New York Congress-
man, reporting to his COM
mittee yesterday on the re-
suits Of the 1862 elections,
went at length into the
strides which his party has
made in that region since
cooperation Dixie" was
launched. He pointed out
that the Republicans took
four congressional seats away
from Democrats in the II
States of the old Solid South,
the States which attempted
to secede from the Union in
Civil War days, and one in a
border state, Kentucky. They
gained seats in Florida, Ten
nessee, North Carolina and
Texas-one each. Also, the
G. o. P. placed candidates in
many districts in which the
field has been left to Demo-
cratic nominees in the past.
Mr.. Miller predicted the Re-
publicans will have candi-
dates in all these Southern
districts in 1864.
Cites Growing Strength
Going back to 1858, Mr..
Miller said the Republicans
elected seven Congressman in
the South, but in 1862 they
elected IL. In seven addi-
tional congressional districts,
the @. o. p. Chairman said,
Republican candidates re-
ceived better than As per
cent Of the vote cast, and in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
Cuba and the Doctrine

Proclaiming the Monroe
Doctrine on December e, 1923,
1879 years ago, James Monroe
declared:
I'VE owe it therefore to
candor, and to the amicable
relations existing between the
United States and those
powers, PRUSSIA, Prussia and
Austria) to declare that we
should consider any attempt
on their part to extend their
system to any part of this
Hemisphere, as dangerous to
our peace and safety"
At a recent press confer
ence. President Kennedy was
asked if the Monroe Doctrine
was still in effect. He replied
in the affirmative. More re-
Gently President Kennedy
told Khrushchev If he would
take his bombers and missiles
out of Cuba, we pledge not
to invade Cuba.
This leaves Fidel Castro
free to make more mischief
in the Caribbean without fear
of military attack from us. So
we see President Kennedy
claiming the Monroe Doctrine
is still in effect yet he recog-
nizes the existence Of the
Communist system Of gov
eminent in our Hemisphere
and is pledged to do nothing
about it. How then can the
Monroe Doctrine still be in
effect?
George Z. StringfelIow.
Member Of the Board Of
Trustees Of James Monroe
Foundation, East Orange,
NJ II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08

I was much interested in
your December / editorial,
Culture At a Price" par
ticularly in the sentence:
"How much culture can you
take? At 500 a helping,
yet?"
It struck me that there
might be a typographical
error Of the year in this SEN
tence, since in the basic
(cultural?) character of the
affair, the writer must orig
inally have written it "yelp-
ing, yet"
And that makes the ques-
ton about these approaches
to culture" not How much
culture can you take?,", but
How cultured (per yelp) can
you get2"
n Wa,,kho-I&
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
J. G. Leukhardt.

1t is no accident that the
more prosperous countries Of
the world. including the
United States. Canada, Aus
tralia, Japan, and most of the
countries Of Western Europe
have extensive agricultural
research organizations and
have had them for a long
time. The famous Rotham-
sted Experiment Station in
England was established
nearly lao years ago. France
and Germany have had such
stations for more than 100
years. japan established an
agricultural experiment sta
ton in 1874 as did the United
States one year later. These
research organizations were
not extensive In the begin
ming and need not be In the
less developed countries. They
must be sufficient to evaluate
proposed practices before
they are widely recommended
and the detectives must be
practical and tailored TO the
needs Of each individual
country. They do not need
electron microscopes and ex-
pensively equipped labora-
tories such as we have sup
piled to some countries.
The director Of the foreign
aid program possibly doesn't
need to know much about
agriculture but he certainly
must appreciate the impor-
tant role OF agriculture in the
less developed countries. and
he must have advisers on his
staff who do know agricul-
ture, who have had expert
ence with agricultural re-
search and who have the
means and authority TO carry
out their plans.
8. @. Salmon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08
Silent Spring.

Congratulations on the
sterilization Of silent
Spring." We hope this action
will be repeated by national
newspapers all over America.
I only wish it could have run
while Congress was in ses-
sion. for unfortunately some
congressman might miss the
series which will end this
month. Clinton r. Miller.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-08

edge Of the role of the birds
in the distribution of plant
seed, and of their possible i'm
portance as carriers Of dis
ease = causing micro organ
isms. Blood samples will be
taken and analysed for virus
antibodies. Stomach samples
will be collected to determine
feeding preferences.
Another study will be on
the orientation mechanisms
and related behavior Of the
Adele penguin to be carried
out on the Ross ice shelf, in
Victoria Land and at the
American South Pole station
by Drs. John T. Emlen and
Richard L. Penney Of the
University Of Wisconsin.
There are indications that
this bird has a well developed
navigational ability. It's hom-
ing ability, however, has not
been observed more than IS
miles from the coast-not
far enough inland to exclude
the probably complicating
variable Of a water sky"
which would guide birds back
to their colonies. The Wis
consin investigators will con-
duct a series of experiments
in which the birds will be
transported to q site $50
miles inland, completely de-
void Of any landmarks. They
will be confined there in a
snow-covered pit. Several
will be released on successive
days and their movements
plotted by simultaneous
sightings with two theodo-
lites.
Cape Crozier Center
Field work for this season
will center at Cape Crozier
on Ross Island. The rookeries
there have a population OF
about 100000 Adele penguins
and over 1000 south polar
skuas. The investigators hope
TO band and web-mark at
least 10000 Adele chicks and
TO band the entire skua pop
ulation. In addition, there
will be tests of drug techn-
cues for immobilizing marine
animals for collecting blood
samples and making disease
bIuoleS,
DR.. j. Linsley Gressitt Of
the Bishop Museum. Homo
lulu, with four assistants will
study the natural dispersal OF
insect throughout the Ant
arctic region. They will seek
to learn whether insects are
the southernmost dwelling
animals in the world. whether
they are distributed to iso-
lated areas In high southern
ATTITUDES by air dispersal.
and what are the controlling
factors in their distribution.