davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-12-31

@. What are some things
that cause a car TO begin
skidding on an icy road2-
q. NICE.
A. When the road Is icy. a
car may skid when the driver
presses down on the brake.
To avoid overbraking, the
driver should think ahead so
that panic" braking is not
necessary. II he must use the
brake, he should apply n
pumping motion and not a
steady foot pressure. A car
may skid II the driver over
steers. There Is less friction
on a slippery surface: con-
sequently, the driver should
avoid turning sharply. on n
slippery road. power steering,
In particular. will react 10
the slightest fingertip pres
sure. A car may also skid II
Evening star., 1962-12-31
A Free Cuba?

1t may be true, as President Ken
nedy said in an emotional address to
the liberated Cuban fighters, that the
battle flag left in his care will be re-
turned to Brigade 2506 "in a free
Havana"
Tyrannies do not endure forever,
and there is no reason to suppose that
Fidel CaStro'S regime will be an excep-
ton to the rule. But it will be unfortu-
nate If the Presidents remarks should
leave his listeners with the impression
that they will lead another invasion of
Cuba.
Castro probably could have been
overthrown in April, 1861, if the assault
at the Bay Of Pigs had not been so badly
botched-largely through the failure of
the United States Government to pro-
vide the essential support. That oppor-
tunity has passed, however, and CaStro's
military strength has been increased to
such an extent that major effort would
be needed to bring him down. Certainly,
nothing on the scale Of the Bay Of Pigs
attack would suffice.
Mr.. Kennedy seemed to have this
in mind when he spoke of his confidence
that call over the island of Cuba, in the
government itself, in the army and in
the militia, there are many -. who are
determined to restore freedom so that
the Cuban people may once more govern
themselves"
If this is true, and If there are
enough such people, Castro, in time, will
be driven from power. AS of now, how
ever, there is little prospect that the
people of Cuba can regain their own
freedom, and neither brave words nor
wishful thinking can alter this situation.
Evening star., 1962-12-31

President Kennedy's ad-
ministration is to be COM
mended for its vigorous, II
unofficial, support to the Gu
ban prisoner return.
The administration could
have wrapped up" its Bay of
Pigs fiasco in that famous
spiel about mot a penny for
tribute" but chose. instead,
TO be humanitarian.
The American people can
go to bed at night with the
secure knowledge that their
Government Is ever mindful
OF its responsibilities. and
that when the chips are
down. It can be depended
upon to do the right thing.
Jim ArgOdale.
Evening star., 1962-12-31
Doing Their Homework

News reports from their centers Of
operation indicate that two among the
most widely publicized of new Repub-
lican Governors-elect are concentrating
their full attention on setting up model
administrations at home, undistracted
for the time being at least by reason
able speculation that they are potential
6. o. P. presidential prospects.
The two are George w. Romney Of
Michigan and william w. Scranton of
Pennsylvania, fresh personalities on the
national political stage and first-timers
even at the gubernatorial level. For the
Republican Party, their performances in
Lansing and Harrisburg respectively will
provide important standards for meas
uring their abilities and their appeal as
candidates for bigger jobs-either in
1854 or 1868. There is no doubt that
Democratic strategists will be watching
with equal attentivenesS.
The tasks facing each man have GER
tain common denominatorS. First of
these is to establish party leadership
without offending party factions, job
the conservative and liberal wingS-a
division that has existed within the
@. o. P. for many years past. Closely
related is the requirement that each
man, neither Of whom came up through
the political ranks the hard way, must
demonstrate the skill to work effectively
with veteran legislative leaders-of their
nuyVH ~ hfIf NJ ha
opposition. In this respect, 1t is signifi-
cant that both Mr.. Romney and Mr.
Scranton already have set up form OF
brain trust" that includes top-ranking
Republicans In the two Legislatures.
Outside the field Of pure politics,
each incoming executive faces problems
Of budget needs, tax revision, incentive
TO industry In States that are basically
industrial ones, welfare demands and
unemployment. Currently, Mr.. Romney
is under less pressure from the latter
problem with the booming automobile
industry helping TO keep the Michigan
jobleSs rate below the national average
OF 5.8 per cent while that in Pennsyl-
vania is distressingly close to per cert.
On two counts Mr.. Romney has less
advantageous deadlines. The Michigan
term is for two years only and 1t begins
tomorrow, with a legislative message
and budget required before the end OF
January. Mr.. Scranton, elected for four
years, does not take office until jan
uary is and the initial legislative for
malities are scheduled over a slightly
longer span OF time. Each has Repub-
lican majority in the Legislature, but in
Pennsylvania 1t is by the slimmest OF
margins.
There is, OF course, plenty Of time
for accomplishment or failure by either
Of these new Governors. Furthermore
as of now place on the Republican ma.
Evening star., 1962-12-31
The Riqht to Speak

The Stars recent editorial
commencing the Commits
sioners for acting on the
problem of investigative ar
rests with deliberate speed"
is not a felicitous borrowing
of the celebrated language in
the Supreme Courts decision
on school desegreagation.
There is a vast difference
between implementing that
decision and requiring the
police to abandon arrests for
questioning. 1t was not un-
til 1854 that it was settled
that segregated schools are
unconstitutional. The re-
quirement that desegregation
be accomplished with all
deliberate speed" rather than
forthwith, plainly was to per-
NIT a transition from what
had been regarded previously
as a lawful arrangement.
Investigative arrests, how
ever, have never been held to
be constitutional. In this
circumstance. there can be
no justification for any but
an immediate abandonment
of the practice. Certainly,
the need for study of alter
native methods for police
questioning, even If a COM
plex problem, as The Star
suggests, cannot be used to
countenance a wilful, con-
tinuing violation of the law.
The Star describes those
who have urged immediate
abandonment of inveStigative
arrests as having loud voices
but a minimum responsible
ity in law enforcement" If
this is to be the condition
for raising ones voice, then
all of us would be silent, in
cluding The Star. Only the
Chief Of Police would speak.
Happily, the society In which
we live, and to which the
Civil Liberties Union es-
pecially is committed, permits
a voice, even loud, to persons
who may have little respon-
sibility ior enforcing the law.
Apart from the right Of
even the least of us to speak,
The Stars characterization is
unwarranted. The initial
recommendation for the "im-
mediate" end of the arrests
came from a committee
which the Commissioners
themselves appointed. And
the most recent urging that
the recommendation be
adopted has come from the
Commissioners own Crime
Council. The members Of both
groups - and they include
such persons as the former
United States Attorney and
the present counsel to the
Chief Of Police-have worked
selflessly on the problem Of
law enforcement in the Dis
trict of Columbia.
Although The Star may in
woke whatever arguments 1t
chooses in support Of its po-
sition, the Civil Liberties Un-
ion believes that 1t Is map
propriate for 1t to attempt to
cheap apen those community
leaders who hold contrary
views.
David Carliner,
Chairman, National Capital
Area Civil Liberties Union.
Evening star., 1962-12-31

the driver Jams down the ac-
celerator too fast. Should q
car 60 into q skid, the rem
edy Is 10 steer II In the d.
rection In which the rear OF
the car Is sliding.
@. Why does mildew ap-
pear on some garden flow
ers2 - W. II.
A. The wind carries fun
gus spores onto the plant and
II moisture conditions are ia
yorable, the spores develop
into white threads which
branch out and coat the
leaves. The fungus does not
itself enter the plant. but
sends little feeders into the
sap. This mildew can be con-
trolled by busting the plants
with fine sulphur. or by the
use OF copper or sulphur
sprays.
Evening star., 1962-12-31
Challenge to G. o. P.

A recent letter from the
Republican city chairman
called the Young Democrats
demagogues for requesting
Republican support for the
D. C. Commissioners in the
face Of Republican Repre-
sentative Broyhill's threats
Of retribution TO the District
OF Columbia II fair housing
regulations are adopted. A
Young Republican leaders
reply to the same request did
not offer any Republican
help either. Instead Demo-
Gratis we're charged with OPP
position TO fair housing and
ID. c. Home Rule. and the
Young Democrats were chal-
lenged 10 debate this issue.
Since Young Democrats
have debated Young Repub-
licans on at least four oc-
casions In the past year we
regard q request for still
another debate as a mean
ingless substitute for action.
Instead the membership OF
the Young Democrats at
their last meeting unani-
mously voted TO issue this
really meaningful challenge
TO young and old d. c. Re-
publicans. We challenge you
10 get a higher percentage OF
Republican Congressman TO
support Home Rule In the
coming session OF Congress
than the Democratic percen-
tase.
In 1860 when the Home
Rule discharge petition came
Evening star., 1962-12-31
THE PASSING SCENE
u. N. Blamed for Loss in Rhodesio
By WILLIAM S. WHIT

liberal" had for years been
blackened by the United Ma
tions as too "reactionary"
for words. @
The white farmers of
Southern Rhodesia had not
found it easy in the first
place to accept the Welensky-
Whitehead leadership, which
with great courage had con-
sistently, If slowly, forced
improvement of the Negro's
lot. Instead of fostering such
leadership, the United Ma
tions for years has been the
forum for Historically alb
surd attacks on it-for not
doing everything all at once
and turning over the whole
country, yesterday morning,
exclusively to native tribes
manifestly not yet capable Of
governing.
At last, the Southern Rho
desians had enough. So long
called "enslavers," they
kicked out the moderates and
went along with the extrem-
ist Rhodesian Front. The dog
had been given a bad name
once too often.
Moderation Out
And now that moderate
government in Southern
Rhodesia the heart of the
Federation-has thus been
destroyed, the British Gov
ernment has entered to COM
plete the destruction of the
Federation itself. Against
previous pledges to the con-
trary, London has now au-
thorized Nyasaland to secede
from the Federation, in spite
of the fact that Nyasaland
cannot even pay its own bills.
The Southern Rhodesians
thus face isolation in Africa.
The end result land a pretty
result it will be, indeed, for
the United Nations eager
reformersD may be a forced
association with the true
home of anti-Negro feeling
on that continent, the Un-
ion of South Africa.
1t is not easy, or popular,
to try to raise a voice Of
reason. For independence"
is rightly a good word. And
the perversion of independ-
ence into chaos is a special
ity of the United Nations,
whose massive propaganda,
on this issue, out-shouts rea-
son with all the ease with
which it has smashed a re-
sponsible government in
Africa. But the hour is late;
and a man has the duty to
try.
Copyright. 1892
Evening star., 1962-12-31
'BIockmuiI Deaf

Your editorial Home From
the Wars" Of December 25th
assuring us that every Amer
ican will share in the Presi-
dents extreme pleasure over
the return of the Cuban pris-
oners certainly raises a re-
buttable presumption, to say
the least.
Article I, Section 10 Of the
Constitution states that, mo
State shall, without the con-
sent of Congress enter
into any agreement or COM
pact with a foreign
power. :"
If a State cannot enter
into any agreement with a
foreign power, then how can
an individual legally negoti-
ate a contract with a for
eign power? Who is Mr..
James Donovan, and where
did he get his authority to
negotiate with Castro? Can a
resident of a State do that
which is prohibited to the
State wherein he resides?
We have immigration and
nationality laws which pro-
vide for the admittance of
aliens to this country. We're
these Cubans and their fam
lilies admitted to this country
in accordance with law? If
not, aren't the persons re-
sponSible for bringing them
into this country subject to
indictment and prosecution
under the law?
The flooding of this coun-
try with so-called refugees in
a time Of national peril is a
very dangerous thing. While
it may be a manifestation of
our humane instinct, it can
become a form of insanity.
These refugees will be added
to our relief rolls, or if they
get jobs, others In this coun-
try are deprived of making a
living.
You praised Attorney Gen.
eral Kennedy for his behind
the-scene activities. But this
behind-the-scene action de-
ceived the American people.
The people were led to be-
lieve that the negotiations
were being done by an in
dividual and not the Federal
Government. Evidently the
American people we're kept in
ignorance of what was going
on for fear their clamor
would prevent our country
from entering into a black
mail deal with Castro.
Where did this ransom
money come from2 I think
the American people are en-
titled to know who paid this
ransom money and by what
authority it was paid.
Kitty L. Reynolds.
Evening star., 1962-12-31
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Leonardo du Vinci the Scientist
By DONALD MINTZ

THE WORLD OF LEON
ARDO DA VINCI; Man Of
Science, Engineer and
Dreamer of Flight. BY
Ivor B. Hart. With "A Note
on Leonardo's Helicopter
Model" BY Charles H.
GibbS-Smith. Plates, fig
ures. 374 PIP. (The Viking
Press, $7.95.O
whoever condemns the
supreme certainty Of mathe-
matics," wrote Leonardo da
Vinci, feeds on confusion,
and can never silence the
contradiction Of the sophis-
tical sciences, which lead to
an eternal quackery."
This was Leonardo, the
scientist, speaking. And it is
Leonardo, the scientist, who
is the subject Of a new book
by Ivor Hart, former director
Of educational services for
the British Air Ministry.
Leonardo's contributions to
science and engineering are
all to be found in notebooks.
He published nothing, as a
result Of which "all that
Leonardo had done and
achieved remained to be ac-
complished all over again by
subsequent investigators at
various times in various
places"
DR.. Hart feels that "he
fully intended that his writ
ings should ultimately see the
light Of day. Unfortunately
he never got beyond the stage
Of notetaking. Although the
wish was there, he never
translated it into action. In
stead, he wrote more notes
and yet more notes"
The reasons for this, what
ever they may have been. are
not DR.. Hart's main interest.
He is primarily concerned
with the contents Of these
notebooks and their evalua-
ton.
He begins. properly enough,
by setting the scene. In doing
so. he offers a certain amount
OF rather old-fashioned gen.
eral history and a broad sur
vey OF science and technology
up TO the 18th century.
But was Leonardo a gen.
uine scientist or was he pri-
marily a tinkerer2 DR.. Hart
Is In favor OF the more
generous view. "It is, how
ever. the sense OF sequence
Evening star., 1962-12-31

and classification that is the
predominating impression lin
Leonardo's writings). We
meet examples of it over and
over again. 1t must, there
fore, be claimed for him that
his attitude to any subject
upon which he was writing
was completely scientific In
the modern sense of the term.
For he brought within the
ambit of his work the basic
elements Of modern scientific
methods"
No one can cover the con-
tents of Leonardo's notebooks
in a single work, and DR..
Hart has not tried. Rather,
he has pulled material to-
gether from all these manu-
scripts and organized it by
subject-"Leonardo on Eric
tion," Leonardo on Pulley
Systems" for example-in an
effort to determine just how
far Leonardo worked towards
modern concepts of mechan-
les.
1t is not for the layman
to judge DR.. Hart's conclu-
sions. But the wording con-
veys a sense Of strong parti-
sanship, and one wonders If
there Is not some exaggera-
ton here and there.
On the subject of Leonardo
and artificial flight, however
and this is surely the best
known OF Leonardo's scien-
tific work-Dr. Hart, parti-
san or not, makes clear that
Leonardo was on the wrong
track"
Leonardo was obsessed with
the idea Of flight by contrap-
tions involving man-operated
flapping wings. Now this
required the basic assump-
tion," writes DR.. Hart, that
mans muscular system was
adequate enough for him to
produce sufficient power both
to set up and maintain the
flapping. Unfortunately, this
Is simply not true. :"
THE World Of Leonardo
da Vinci" is very nearly a
learned work in the history
OF science and technology
and 1t is marred by a style
that occasionally approx
mates the textbook at its dull
est. Readers interested and
somewhat skilled in the sub
ject will doubtless be willing
TO tolerate the style. But
far more people will want TO
see the Mona Lisa.
Evening star., 1962-12-31

Two irreplaceable values
a decent moderation on the
race issue and a high sense
Of public and private respon-
Sibility are about to be
driven from one of the last
areas in which they survive
in Africa.
A decade ago, the Central
African Federation, COM
posed of Southern and North
ern Rhodesia and Nyasaland,
was formed with twin mo-
tives. On the one hand 1t
was to resist the pitiless
anti-Negro extremism of the
Union of South Africa, with
its doctrines of white supre-
macy forever. On the other
hand 1t was to resist the
irresponsible demands Of Ne
gro nationalist leaders for
the extinction, all together
and all at once, of that white
leadership assistance which
is absolutely vital to any
sane transition in Africa
from ex-colonial to independ-
ent status.
About to FAN
Today, that Federation is
about to fall apart under the
hammer blows of a single,
merged extremism: Unin-
formed and violent Negro
nationalism, and the excess
sive do-goodism Of the
United Nations and the
United States, which see all
black leaders as all-wise and
all-worthy and all white
leaders as fit only for the
trash pile of history.
The beginning Of the end
for the Federation barring
the unlikely hope that the
United States might yet re-
verse a policy of destructive
sentimentality and so give
some support to responsible
leadership in Africa - be-
gan a few weeks ago in
Southern Rhodesia'S elec-
tions.
The moderate party of Sir
Roy Welensky and Sir Edgar
Whitehead went down. The
winning party was the white
supremacy Rhodesian Front
which had presented the
moderates as far too soft
on the race question.
The full irony Of this de-
feat can be appreciated on
when one realizes it was
brought about most of all by
the United Nations, which
has tirelessly pursued the
Welensky group as far toC
hard" against the Negroes
The very party now rejected
in Southern Rhodesia as TOT
Evening star., 1962-12-31
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used iDiH be
returned only Dhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-12-31

tional ticket in 1868 may be a more val
ued prize than one in 1864. Indeed, Mr..
Romney and Mr.. Scranton may have
arrived at this very opinion already.
Evening star., 1962-12-31
Hidden Masterpiece

The majority Of observant
Americans are probabl
aware that the government
of France imposed certain
conditions in regard to lend
ing the Mona Lisa to the
United States. And, although
it is regrettable that there
is a delay in seeing this We
nus from France, it is not
fitting that Americans be
SNUG or mock this generous
contribution by casting as
persions on the Administra-
ton. the gentry in Con-
gress," or the government of
France.
The sentimental feeling
that French people feel for
their beautiful Mona Lisa,
their willingness and mani
fest good will in lending La
Gioconda" should add great
ly to the appreciation we
Americans will have when
the Da Vinci portrait is dis
played.
Perhaps, the true answer to
what lies behind the subtle
smile Of the Mona Lisa lies
in these words: True hu-
mour springs not more from
the head than from the
heart: 1t is not contempt, its
essence is love; 1t issues not
in laughter. but in still
smiles, which lie far deep
err"
Sue Sailing.
May I ask in what way the
hiding Of the Mona Lisa is
"in the public interest" pres
ident Kennedy's favorite
phrase, since the public is
excluded?
It takes no great amount
of insight to sense that the
picture remains In the vault
until the Kennedy's, not the
Congress. get back from their
vacation. Congress has sell
dom shown a burning inter-
est In art. and they would
not dare 10 lock the voters
out In any case. II will be a
Kennedy production. And II
is an outrage. Mrs. Kennedy
and Mona Lisa on the front
page.
/ have seen the picture in
the Louvre where II is one OF
many impressive pictures. II
is completely ridiculous 20
claim that any picture is the
greatest In the world" How
we Americans love that word,
greatest" II is easy 10 say
and usually means nothing
at all. Anyway, here is one
citizen who sees much, much
more OF that quality that dis
tinguishes the Mona Lisa in
several Of Rembrandt's por-
traits --- those old, worn men
and women with all OF living
In their faces. Whenever per-
sonality. character and expe-
rience come alive on a yard
OF canvas II is a sort Of mir
acle and Rembrandt out mir
acles da Vinci, two-to-one.
Z. Griffith.
Evening star., 1962-12-31
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

A rssdE gst an snsgsr By NAL 70 question
D. C. Please ineoss snvsops
Evening star., 1962-12-31
The Riqht Thinq'

Kitty L. Reynolds
Navajo times., 1962-05-30
Monument Graduates
Six in First Class

Monument Valley High School
at Kayenta, Arizona, one OF the
most recently organized four year
high schools in the state, will
graduate its first class today,
May 30. Located in what has been
one of the most isolated spots in
Arizona. Monument Valley High
School provides secondary level
education for students from large
section of the north-ea stern part
of the widespread Navajo Reserva-
tion. Accepted this year by the
Arizona State Committee on Ac-
creditation as Cla SIS A high
school, the school will graduate
class of six.
Monument Valley High School
is a member of Class G North in
interschola site activities, has been
sanctioned charter in the National
Honor Society, and is member
of the State and National Associa-
tion of Student Councils. Also a
member of the Arizona Inter-
scholastic Press Association, the
school issues a yearbook, Ell
CAPTAIN, and publishes a tri-
weekly newspaper, THE MUS
TANG-ROUNDUP. Other organi-
cations include local unit of the
Future Homemakers of America,
affiliated with the state and national
groups.
Glenn Wilson is principal of
the high school, which has a faculty
of ten. Jack Wilson is superinten-
dent of Kayenta Public Schools,
and Arthur F. LIE Mieux is pres
ident of the board of educ cation.
Darrell Dean Dotson, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Darrell P. Dotson,
Cowsprings, Arizona, is Valedic-
torian of the Class of 1862 and
Ina Marie Dawson. daughter of
Robert D. Dawson, Kayenta, and
Mrs. Viva w. Brakeman. Sheridan,
Navajo times., 1962-05-30

"a tall, stately girl is
merely a long, lanky girl with
money! w. Harvey Hurt,
Waynesboro (Miss.) Wayne
County News.
Il know one woman who,
despite the hot weather,
drives around with the win
dows closed in her car = so
everybody will think it's air.
conditioned" - Hamilton V.
B. Riggs, Fillmore (Calif.)
Herald.
Navajo times., 1962-05-30

Wyoming, is Salutatorian. Other
graduates are Shelton Luna,
Georgia Ellen Moore, Jeanne Marie
Salt, and Mary Lou White.
Baccalaureate services for the
class were held Sunday in the
Kayenta Public Schools Auditor
ium. An Honor Assembly at 9 AM
today completed the commence
-1ent week activities.
Navajo times., 1962-05-30
NOTICE

In the last issue of the
Navajo Times the Navajo
Minor League teams were err
roneously referred to as
Little League.
This is franchiSed name
and does not apply to the
Navajo teams which should be
referred to as Minor League
Or Major League.