davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19

cept anyone who would truckle to
Mr.. Khrushchev.
The relevant question is: Could
the Kremlin do any better? And
what would it cost to try?
Mr.. Khrushchev could attempt
to block the appointment of any
single secretary general. insisting
once again on a troika, or tri-
umverate. Many, indeed, think
this is what he will do.
But it would be a difficult OPP
Grafton politically. 1t would Of
fend many Afro-Asians, whose
votes on other issues Mr.. Khru-
shchev has been eagerly seeking.
U Thant is Burmese, and thus
can scarcely be attacked as a
"lackey of the colonialists" (the
phrase Mr.. Khrushchev used
against Mr.. Hammarskjold.
Asians and Africans are very SEN
Sitive on this point.
Mr.. Thant has been strictly neu-
trail on theological questions. He
has criticized both the Soviet
Union and the United States. He
has said on more than one &C.
caSion that he thinks neither
communism nor capitalism is an
evil.
This neutrality helps to i'm
prove his immunity. 1t makes at
tack upon him more damaging to
the attacker.
Swinging the Axe
Mr.. Thant's Gandhi-like ap-
proach to Russia on the question
of re-appointment also, curiously
enough, makes it more difficult
for Mr.. Khrushchev to swing the
axe. Asians would particularly re-
sent a political beheading under
such circumstances.
Yet the differences between
Thant and Khrushchev go deep.
The fundamental issue is the fu-
ture of the U. N. itself.
Mr.. Thant wants a U. N. with
real executive power, as Mr.. Ham,
marskjold did. Perhaps, if any,
thing, he wants faster progress
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19
BY BERNARD PORTER
Contributing Writer

President de Gaulle's enthusi-
asm for Frances nuclear strike
force is not confined to military
aspects alone. Benefits flowing
from research and development of
the force are being directed to
Frances space programs.
Generally overlooked is the fact
that France has embarked on a
national space program of major
proportions. Secondly, she is a
full partner in a $500 million Eu-
ropean space program whose in
ternational headquarters is in
Paris.
In fact, the main offices for
Europe's organization are in the
same building as the French
Space Agency. Space planning
costs money and prosperity is a
major factor in such large I'M
dertakings.
Frances economy is riding
high. The Algerian settlement
plugged a major drain on her fl
nances. She has elected to repay
a 1898 million Marshall plan loan
ahead Of time.
Todoy's opuIenee
Walking past elegant Paris
shops on fashionable Fauberg st.
Honore today, a person is i'm
pressed by merchandise reaching
to the ceilings, with window dis
plays matching Fifth avenues
finest. 1t is far cry from Paris
the first decade after World
War II.
The Frenchman's morale is
soaring. There is little unemploy-
ment. While his scientists are fir
ing several large research rockets
each month, even bigger ones are
in laboratory workshops. One of
his new air force fighters set a
worlds record and Australia and
Switzerland have since decided to
buy several.
This is just spice in the potpourri
on the back burner. France has
committed herself to billions of
dollars on nuclear tipped missiles,
big space rockets and satellites.
Public announcements are not
needed to emphasize that a tech
biological boom is in the offing
which could stagger the magma
ton of anyone who believed Eu-
rope saw its last heyday before
the great wars.
To get as much mileage as pos
sible for her franc, many anti
quated bureaucracies and agen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19

years later the United States had
four or five networks serving 400
stations with an audience in Is
million homes, against 100000 in
England because the BIC sta
tons then covered only half the
country.
Then advertisers, who were ex-
cluded from the BIC programs.
(and still are) supported demands
that private enterprise should
compete with the BIC. However.
after Parliament agreed to a sec
ond network these were reluctant
to buy time" until assured of a
mass audience.
Before PorIioment
Today a quarter of all the
money spent on advertising in
Britain goes to TV, and those
promoters who hung on coura-
geously during those early years
of doubt became millionaires. One
successful Spectator cheerfully
admitted that the permission to
operate a station was equal to a
license to print money"
Parliament today is reconsider
ing the whole TV position now
that the 10 years freedom of the
air granted to independent tele-
vision is coming to a close. This
includes not only better defini-
ton of pictures and the develop
ment of color, but the terms I'M
der which commercial television
companies have operated. If their
contracts are renewed, a bigger
slice of their profits will be seized
by the tax collectors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19
France Pushing NucIeor Program
Despite Outside Opposition

cies have either been strapped al
together or Streamlined like the
intermediate range ballistic mis-
Sile agency-SEREB-and the ma
tional space agency CNES.
Militoy Uses
Since a fine, almost indistin-
guiShable line separates an IRBM
rocket stage and one used in a
satellite launcher, research activ-
tiles for both are merged right at
the laboratory level. Therefore,
when new rockets like Agate and
Eridan are launched, space tech
nicians are on hand with military
representatives as we'll.
A large new rocket more than
so feet high called Emerald is ex-
pected to be launched this year,
according to Paris reporters who
claim to know. Its first stage will
be liquid fueled and two upper
stages will be inert.
Emerald will be followed in 1868
by test flights of the Sapphire,
which will use the Emerald first
stage, and a new solid fuel Sec
ond stage by all early reports will
resemble a first stage of an
IRBM.
The Diamond Rocket
A solid third stage will be tested
in the Diamond rocket. Diamond,
the third jewel in the SERIES" is
expected to be used to put the
first French satellite into orbit
in early 1865.
Gen. Aubiniere, executive direc-
tor of the space agency, said the
first satellite in their program
will weigh 176 pounds. If the orbit
foreseen is actually followed, the
satellite will pass over portions of
Texas, Louisiana and Florida.
On July II, France announced
a new rocket-launching site would
be built at Mont -Marsan on
the southwest Atlantic coast about
70 miles south of Bordeaux. Such
action had been expected since
her main Sahara site at Colomb-
Bechar will eventually be vacated
as part of the Algerian settle
ment.
An unusual feature regarding
the new site is that France may
launch her satellites westward
over the Atlantic rather than risk
overland flights with empty first
and second stage rocket motors
falling on her neighbors, some
congenial, others perhaps not as
broadminded.
No country has launched satel-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19

have to seek nature farther
away"
We stopped at a spot off the
road where another car had found
a good picnic area. 1t was close
to a stream. Mr.. Pogodin escorted
me to the bridge and pointed out
the winding, hilly road through
the forest.
We all took a deep breath, at
his suggestion, of the fine woodsy
air-and then we got lost.
We went over the "old" Moscow
River and past fields of rye and
wheat (not UP yeti. Mr.. Pogodin
was annoyed with the driver but
we turned around and finally
found the right road, through a
white birch drive which was as
impressive as he had said it would
be. Those were the largest birch
trees I've ever seen.
We passed a beautiful pond on
our right and shortly afterwards
turned left to drive into his prop
erty.
The large frame house, which
he built in 1885, sits on a hectare
of land with a garden on one
side, trees and grass on the other
with a small cottage ("Bunker,"
Nine. Mamedova called it, at one
end. In this cottage live the
daughter and son-in-law during
the summer. This is unusual, as
families normally live together in
Russia in the same house; the
mother and father live with their
children and grandchildren The
daughter, who spoke little English
but understood it well, said, MY
husband and I like to live alone"
Top Tex Bracket
Mr.. Pogodin probably has a
comfortable apartment in the city
as we'll as this 12-room "dacha"
in the country. In Russia, sue
cessful artists and actors and
ballerinaS and playwrights. the
great scientists and academicianS
these are the capitalist" and
they have rewards comparable to
our corporation presidents. Mr..
Pogodin receives top royalties on
his plays-and the highest income
tax bracket is IL per cent!
On the ground floor of the
main house is a good-Sized dining
room, a hallway off of which are
two main features, a toilet room
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19

lites to the west since it is easier
to do so with the earth's motion
to the east and the same ground
is covered by the flight paths.
Orbital launchings, however, in
north-south directions are old hat
in 1862.
Twist in Space
This may subject France to
some good-natured kidding since
French satellites may end up 60
ing against traffic, like driving
the opposite direction on a street
which up to now everyone has
used as a one-way-without signs.
Radar operators and satellite
crackers may grow quick gray hair
If France does not advise them
of her first space attempt ahead
of time.
One new international agency
settled in Paris by seven nations
is ELDO-European Launcher De-
velopment Organization. Edo
will build the rockets used to orbit
satellites constructed by ESRO,
European Space Research Organi-
cation, whose headquarters are
likewise in Paris.
The same day France an
nounced its new site location,
Italian Ambassador di Carrobia
was designated as the first secre-
tary general of Edo. Britain
nominated a man for technical
director. a German was named
administrative director and a
French general was selected to
head their first space program as
test director.
AustroIion Tests
Multi-national experiments in
volving satellites will probably
take place from Australia. While
these launchingS will probably be
to the east, they will be the first
to originate in the Southern
Hemisphere.
For most Americans, the first
inkling of French interest in space
matters was recognized as a re-.
suit of the commercial Telstar
experiment when France trans
mitted TV views via the satellite
to home viewers in the United
States.
In a few years, space research
agreements will constitute large
import-export entries on the ledg-
ers Of international trade. France
can be expected to be one of the
major participants if her devel-
opment progress in the next "a
months continues at the same
rate as in the last "a months.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19

and opposite that a stairway lead
ing to the second floor. Beyond
the cabinet is the kitchen. Beyond
that is the Mushroom. got to
know this area well.
I wanted to brush up" upon
our arrival so 1 was escorted
through the kitchen to the wash
room. What saw in the kitchen
was fair promise of things to
come" Such an assortment of
pasta, cheese dishes, borsch
aroma, delicacies beyond descrip-
ton. I've seldom seen such an
array in a kitchen, let alone on
a table.
Upstairs was a large room with
easement windows at either. end
facing north and south. Some of
these had really old glass in them.
One part of the room was differ
ent from the other. The part fac
ing south had a unique ceiling
the work of the artist son-in-law.
In Swirls Of imaginative design
it made me think of space and
orbit. Books lined one wall. A COL
lection of records (classicaD
rested on closed shelves beneath
them. The opposite wall was COW
cred with a rug I took to be
Persian. A round table stood in
the middle of the room with
chairs around it.
Proudly a Recorder
The north end of the room was
of wood. 1t contained large desk
at one end. In front of the win
dows was Mr.. Pogodin'S pride and
joy-an Ampex recorder. II enjoy
doing this myself" he said, as he
showed us his hundreds of re-
cordings in pile against the wall
opposite his desk. Many are re-
corded off the air from the music
of the Voice of America.
To the table! Here is a white
cloth, hardly visible, covering an
oblong table set for IL persons.
What obscured the cloth were the
dishes. I'll try to remember as
many as I can. The dishes con-
tanned a Roquefort cheese made
by the house, two or three of the
choicest small black caviar, one
of the red caviar, whole cucum-
bers and tomatoes, two kinds of
cheese cut in squares. big plat
ter of fritters stuffed with.
chopped egg, cold; another of hot
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-19
By HELEN
HEMINGWAY BENTON

North American Newspaper Alliance
SOUTHPORT, Conn.-We were
picked up by Mr.. Pogodin in his
1858 Zim, one of his two cars.
His chauffeur is a war hero who
had twice burned in a tank and
still has shrapnel in his head.
mention the chauffeur because
we visited his house, which I'll
describe later.
Mr.. Pogodin is a rather stocky
man with an enviable abundance
of gray hair. He is 81 years old.
His eyeSight is very bad; has been
bad since childhood. He has as
tigmatism and is so short-sighted
that he often weaves like a
drunkard.
His first comment was that he
says what he thinks that he's
no diplomat-and that he has
humor. Nine. Mamedova claimed
he liked to joke.
The first joke was soon forth
coming. He said, MY son-in-law
is a painter. He will paint an abb
stract picture for you. want you
to take it to America, and say
that you paid $500 for it at a
black market"
NopoIeon's Route
AS we drove along to the west
of the city he pointed out the hill
from which Napoleon first saw
Moscow. He followed the histor-
ical route that Napoleon took.
He pointed proudly to the large
new apartment buildings on Ell
Their side of the wide road, thanked
with trees planted at the time the
buildings went up. (Mme. Name
dova remarked that tree-lined
streets are a tradition - going
centuries back0 This section had
been small village of wooden
houses on the outskirts of Mos
COW. Now it is all a part of the
city. Many kilometers farther on
he showed us the boundary line
of the new city. Plenty of room
is allowed for expansion.
We drove out of the way to go
through park-a sort of Bois de
Boulogne, a neat park which led
past Stains summer residence,
now said to be a sanitarium,
which, in Russia, is either a
health retreat or a vacation
place.
Stain became terrified in his
later years. He had a persecution
complex. He was sure he'd be
killed. He had guards stationed
along the route to and from Mos
COW. He was even fearful of the
draperies in his house. One story
was of a rabbit he spied when
he was walking on his highly
fenced, highly protected grounds.
Immediately he changed all the
guards on the basis that this
wasn't perfect protection. Moth
ing was supposed to get inside.
He was evidently really i'll in
those later years.
Protective Forest"
On we drove through a forest,
such a one as we imagine in
Pushkin's stories. This is a PRO
tective forest" and runs for hun
dreds of miles; it is to protect
Moscow. White birch shone
through huge old fir trees. Deer,
elk, wolves and foxes inhabit this
area. ALAS" said Mr.. Pogodin,
civilization will gradually creep
in here, too, and the animals will
Navajo times., 1962-12-06
87th Congress Passed Many
Laws Beneficial to Indian

An unusually large volume of
legi Station that will bring far
reaching benefits to American
Indians was enacted by the recently
adjourned 87th Congress, Secre-
tary of the Interior Stewart l..
Udall said today.
During its first and second
sessions in 1861 and 1862, Sec
retary Udall pointed out, Congress
enacted 885 public laws and 81
of these involved Indian matters.
Appropriations for the programs of
the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the
two years totaled 1888, 69o, 600,
more than half going for educ alton
and construction of schools, and
for the Indian health program of the
United States Public Health Service
an additional ST 26, 464, 600.
Among the outstanding lawsthat
will benefit Indians, Secretary
Udal cited one increasing the
authorized amount of annu al
appropriations for the Indian Bur-
eau's adult VOC cational tr aiming pro-
gram from $3.5 million to SIS
million, another increa singthe
authorization for the Bureaus re-
volving loan fund to finance Indian
economic enterprises from $40
million to $40 million, and a third
which extends the life of the Indian
Claims Commission for an addi-
tonal five'years to 1867
In enacting the Area Redevelop-
ment Act of 1861, Secretary Udall
added, Congress explicitly made
Indian reservations eligible for
assistance under its provisions and
many have already benefited from
ARA grants for economic Develop
ment studies and for worker
Navajo times., 1962-12-06

training. In a more recent enact
ment Congress made Indian tribes
eligible for loans from the Housing
and Home Finance Agency for the
construction Of community facih-
ties, such as common meeting
houses and public utilities
Under the recently enacted F ed
eral Aid to Highways Act, the
authorization for work on roads
serving Indian reservations was
increased from the current level
of $12 million to SIG million
in 1864 and $18 million in 1865.
One of these was the act auth :
orizing. the Navajo India an Irrigation
Project which will provide for the
irrigation of 10000 acres of
Navajo land in northwest New Mex
leo. When completed, the project
is expected to benefit 17,OOOtribal
members through new farming
opportunities and associated COM
HlCA OAdA CAAlCA P11SSS.
Two other laws will greatly
benefit the Crow Greek and Lower
Brule Sioux Tribes of South Dakota
in recognition of the acquis sition of
some of their lands for the Big
Bend Dam and Reservoir on the
Missouri River. In addition to
direct damages and dreconstruction
settlements, the laws provide for
rehabilitation funds totaling about
$5.7 million 1873 million for Crow
Greek and $1.9 million for Lower
Brule) to help in making necessary
community adjustments. The
So, 25O per person figure used in
determini ng the rehabi ilitation
funds, Secretary Udall pointed out.
(Continued on Page 81
Navajo times., 1962-12-06
Morris to Head
Subcommittee

Chairman of an interior sub
committee in the 88th Congress
will be Rep. Thomas G. Norris,
D-N.M.
Norris will be seventh ranking
member of the committee in the
next session. Three members who
had more seniority than he in the
86th will not be back next year.
The five members just belowthe
chairman and senior to Morris will
Navajo times., 1962-12-06
New Brochures
On Son juan
County Out

Tourists seeking information
on San Juan County, Utah, will
now receive new full color
pamphlet on the area following
delivery last week of $4,000 of
the new brochures.
Purchased by the San Juan
County Tourist and Publicity Coun-
Gil, the brochures were prepared
by a Salt Lake City advertising
firm and were to have been de-
Ivered in the spring but due to
production difficulties they did not
arrive until last week.
The large five-fold circular
contains 8 full-color photographs
of scenes in San Juan County
ranging from Monument Valley to
Angel Arch. Scenes include Rain
bow Bridge, The Needles, Goose
necks, Natural Bridge. Navajo
weaver and Hole In The Rock.
The front and back of the bro
chure is covered with large color
photograph of Monument Valley.
Information cont aimed in the piece
includes a welcome, early history
of the county and tourist service
Information as we'll as scenic
points of interest. A map of the
county is also includedinthe inside
of the folder showing routes and
locations of scenic areas.
Most businesses in San Jual.
County have already received a
supply of the new brochures but
those desiring supply may obtain
them at the court house in Month
cello or by writing to the county
clerk.
Navajo times., 1962-12-06
viewpoint Of Youth"
Tells Scouting Goals

ing more useful to their COM
munities, and more meaningful in
their own lives.
They will encourage more
school courses and assembly pro-
grams on citizenship, American
government, and competitive free
enterprise. They expect to be able
to explain how this competitive
free enterprise system is related
to the nations form of govern
ment, how it offers freedom of
opportunity, and raises the nations
living standards.
Explorers plan to conduct ac-
tivities that will increase under
standing of the principles embodied
in the Declaration of Independence,
the Constitution, and the Bill of
Rights.
Through their Explorer post
specialities and career confer
ences the young men seek to learn
more about the economic facts of
life. They want to develop enough
money-earning activities to avoid
the 'free-ride attitude" in their
unit programs
The Explorers will continue to
follow leaders of character and
seek technical help from the best
qualified adult COnSultantS
Explorers will foster world
friendship by welcoming exchange
and student Explorers into their
homes and meetings and through
correspondence with them. They
will also learn about and support
methods of world friendship such
as the Peace Corps, CARE, Red
Cross, Radio Free Europe, and
student exchanges.
By demonstr ating that fitness
is fun, Explorers hope to help
overcome many young peoples
rake-it-or-leave-it attitude on
personal fitness. They will take
part in Exploring's new Fit For
Tomorrow plan and encour age
competitive sports for all young
people as. players--not merely
spectators--Wth a premium on
clean sportsmanship.
They will urge more challeng-
ing physical education programs
with better direction and facilities
in many schools, starting in the
lower grades. Explorers will COIL
duct unit, district, and council
competition in carry-over sports
and engage in more wilderness
trips.
While holding faithfully to their
non-sectarian but reverent policy
toward all Explorers religions,
they encourage more Explorers to
qualify for the religious awards
of their respective faiths.
They plan to discuss more
often the application of such
standards as the Explorer Code,
Scout Oath and Law, the Golden
Rule, and the Ten Comm andments
to their personal problems--bear-
ing in mind that what they do, tells
more about them than what they
say.
Navajo times., 1962-12-06

have first choice of available sub
committee chairmanships, so the
New Mexican will not know for
some weeks which group he will
head.
Subcommittee members preside
over hearings on proposed legis-
lation and make initial recommen-
dations from their group to the full
committee.