davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24
Top Travel Writers Examine
Reconstruction Work at Beach

strip, and on tours of the re-
sorts hotels, motels and res :
taurantS.
On Wednesday evening, the
group was entertained at dinner
at the Dinner Bell Inn and on
Thursday at luncheon at the
Avenue Restaurant. A guest at
Thursdays luncheon was Gov
ernor Ebert N. Carvel who ex-
tended official greetings to the
writer's and also complimented
the people of Rehoboth Beach
upon the progress being made
in the reconstruction of the
resorts storm damaged
beachfront.
The group was housed at the
Henlopen Hotel, Atlantic Sands
Motel, Dinner Bell Inn Motel
and Shiryl Ann Motel.
Included in the writer group
we're Windsor Booth of Nation :
al Geographic News Service;
Art Whitman of This Week Mag :
azine; Myron Glaser of the
Washington Daily News; Glenn
Everett, Washington cores
pondent for several Ohio news :
papers; and Mary Carter Rob-
erts free lance travel feature
writer.
A Chamber of Commerce
committee headed by Past
President Harry Zerby es-
corted the writer's on the two
day tour of the resort area.
Mayor Juel C. Stamper, Cham
Der of Commerce President
Fred Karl and David S. Hugg
of the Development Department
briefed them on Rehoboth
Beach's plans for the future,
and RichardLyons accompanied
the group and provided photo
graphic services.
Arrangements for the visit
of the writer's of the Delaware
resort area were made by the
Tourism Promotion Section of
the Delaware State Development
Department.
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24

Some of the East's top travel
writer's visited Rehoboth Beach
last week to examine, at first
hand, the reconstruction work
NOW well underway there and to
! hear of the popular Atlantic
Coast resorts plans for the
1862 season. According to all
Sreports, they we're Impressed
with what they saw and heard.
I AS guests of the Rehoboth
Beach Chamber of Commerce,
1.-The writer's were taken on jeep
: rides along the beaches, on
yboat rides along the coastal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-09

RCA VICTOR STEReo PHoNo
CONSOLE. Moster control panel,
Speaker. $50
PHlLCo STEREo PHoNO CON-
SOLE. Custom control center, A.
speed quito S%AA
changer -------- TBR1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
Park Police Worninq

1t is evident from recent develop
mentS that the Park Police squabbling
which Interior Secretary Udall sought to
end by exiting Park Police Chief Stewart
to Guam is still disrupting the force. The
developments include a warning by
Texas Representative Rutherford, chair
man of the House National Parks sub
committee, that the Park Police may be
abolished If the feuding continues;
memorandum to the force by Acting
Chief Castro cautioning against seeking
outside influence for promotions and
commenting that the police are Giving
in goldfish bowl; and orders trans
ferring two lieutenants to other cities.
Mr.. Rutherfords ire over the con-
tinued pickering on the 200-man force is
fully justified. And he is right in be-
lieving that much Of the trouble that
Chief Stewart experienced and which
Acting Chief Castro has inherited arises
from the lack of an effective disciplinary
system. The Rutherford bill to create
trial board for the Park Police, similar
to that in the Metropolitan Police De-
partment and most other police forces,
ought to be enacted without further
delay. For until the trouble-makers can
be brought to trial and punished for
their breaches of good conduct and dis
cipline the deterioration of the Park
Police is bound to continue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21

there obviously are experts who believe
that this would be the case.
But it also is obvious that legitimate
issues have been raised and that the
closed-session actions of the National
Capital, Planning Commission and the
Fine Arts Commission in approving the
plan before these issues were resolved
and before the public evep had notice
OF their existence - were both unwise
and premature. The approval of rede-
velopment plans is a matter of public
policy, which should be arrived at openly
after full and adequate public discus
sion Redevelopment officials should
have learned by now that controversy
cannot be avoided by attempting to
hide it behind closed doors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
The Winter Is Past

Something happened last night.
While lovers and others viewed March
full moon, another wandering" celestial
body, an ever-restlesS traveller as far as
earthlings are concerned, passed one of
Its regular checkpoints precisely on
time. 1t was the sun, northbound as it
crossed the Equator at $50 pm, mark
ing the coming of spring to our half of
the globe.
There is in mankind an incurable
optimism that comes alive, even if
hesitantly in these troubled days, with
this yearly event. At our own spot on the
suns track, the patches of green al
ready are spreading on the lawns, the
crocuses are pertly colorful and the
forSythia wands are budding in gold.
The edge has gone from the morning
air, and even though March still may
roar like lion it is known to every
body that bright days and fair" are
close at hand. Against the background.
of current world events, of mans SEEM
ing inability to live at peace, it takes a
strong faith perhaps to drive a winters
chill out of heart and mind. But if 1t is
not done, it is mans fault-not natures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
BroyhM Riddles

A cursory reading Of the
newspapers on March IS,
picks up the following head
lines: go More Slain as Ter
rorists Roam Algiers," Gro
myko Hits U. S. Tests in
Rush Clash" Disaster Fund
Boost Sought" Reds Set,
Then Cancel Berlin Air Ha-
RAISING" Nations Attest
Plan Held 500 Adequate"
And then there's one more
-"Broyhill Gives Star Span
gled Banner a Hearing"
Every voter in the 10th dis
trict Of Virginia must have
flinched in embarrassment.
Fortunately, most Of the
men elected to Congress are
concerned about the serious
danger spots in the world
and about unemployment and
flood disasters in this coun-
try-but our Representative
fiddles while the world burns.
Theda o. Henle
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
Holding the Ryukyus

In further modifying American mill
tary rule over the Ryukyus, President
Kennedy has taken action that should
be pleasing, even though not entirely
satisfying, both to the people Of the
islands and to Japan. Among other
things, he has ordered that the native
legislature be given the right to nomi-
nate the chief executive of the Ryuk-
yuan government and that the civil ad-
miniStrator from the United States be
civilian rather than brigadier gen.
eral, as heretofore.
Beyond that, in his formal state
ment on the matter, Mr.. Kennedy has
announced that he is requesting Con-
greSs to authorize an increase in aid to
the RyukyuS, which embrace the great
military base on Okinawa. The adj
ditional asSiStance-to be augmented by
comparable contributions from the
Japanese finance cooperative
projects designed to improve the health,
education, agriculture, fisheries and
general economy Of the islands 100000
inhabitants. AS for the long-range
future, the President has had this to
say: II recognize the Ryukyus to be
part Of the japanese homeland and look
forward to the day when the security
interest Of the free world will permit
their restoration to full japanese
sovereignty"
With good reason, however, Mr..
Kennedy has intimated that this day
probably is still a long way off and that
the situation involving the islands
must be met in spirit of forbearance
and mutual understanding by all con-
cerned." Thus he has been at pains to
emphasize the following indisputable
fact: "The armed strength deployed at
these bases is of the greatest impor-
lance IN maintaining our deterrent
power IN the face of threats to the
peace in the Far East. Our bases in the
Ryukyu Islands help us assure our allies
in the great arc from Japan through
Southeast Asia not only of our willing
ness but also of our ability to come to
their assistance in case of need" And
by the same token, of course, the Ryu-
kyus are of prime significance to the
defense of our own country.
Needless to say, If there were a
trustworthy global peace, the United
States would move swiftly and with de-
light to withdraw from these islands
and hand them over to Japan. But in
the light Of harsh realities-the tensions
OF the cold war and the ever-present
menace OF Communist SubverSion and
aggression-any such move would be
folly at this time. The President has
done well to make that point
abundantly clear.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
Premature Approval

Those who have followed the slow
and painful progress of Washington
redevelopment will recall that from the
beginning the dominant architectural
concept Of the new Southwest was a
broad, tree-lined mall extending from
independence avenue to the waterfront.
Its function was to bridge the Chinese
Wall" of the railroad tracks which
traditionally have severed the Southwest
from the rest of the city, and to provide
both symbolic and utilitarian entrance
way to the new Southwest. Proposals
several years ago to build across the
mall in such way as to obstruct the
vista were responsible for the most
heated and time-consuming controver-
sizes of the entire development.
1t is small wonder, therefore, that
William Zeckendorf, whose firm initiated
the mall concept and who is the princi-
pal private developer in the mall area,
has reacted so vehemently to the news
that Federal notwithstanding entirely
in secret-have approved the location
OF massive new Federal office building
across the independence avenue end of
the mall. In place of an open vista, I'M
der this plan, the mall would be ap-
preached from the north through an
arch-like opening in the building-40
feet high and ITO feet across.
AS a result of the Zeckendorf pro-
tests, it has now been agreed that archi-
tects from his firm and from the Cen
eral Services Administration, who
designed the new building, will attempt
to resolve their differences. This is as
it should be. We are not saying that Mr..
Zeckendorf is necessarily right in his
objections or that in any sense he should
be permitted to call the shots on re-
development plans. The new scheme may
be an altogether desirable change, and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21

It is time for a political
reawakening in the State Of
Maryland. The tradition Of
voting Democrat out Of habit
has caused a financial scan
dial growing out of the saw
ings and loan mess as well as
the disdain Of the nation for
the sloppy handling Of the
Route No. 40 crisis.
The simple lesson is that
any party which has too
much power for too long a
period Of time loses contact
with the people.
Every thoughtful Democrat
in Maryland should, there
fore, take time this election
year to be more critical Of
the Democrat candidates,
and to vote for those Repub-
licanS who put forth superior
programs.
Howard A. Denis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
Orderly Appraisal of Mr.. KS Farm Mess

agriculture in general, to
adoption of new systems of
crop rotation "a three-year
rotation was commonly prac-
ticed before the revolution),
mechanization, and the like.
The harmful aspects Of this
archaic system of land own
ership had been recognized
by the peasants themselves
as well as by the government
long before the revolution.
Attempts to divide the land
owned collectively by the
peasantry into small indivi-
dual farms (the average size
of which would be in the
neighborhood of IS to 80
acres) failed to satisfy the
people even in those rare
cases in which such division
was technically possible.
Thorough disorganization
and exhaustion of the state
and of social institutions and
resources during the first
World War, the revolution,
and the civil war immeaSur-
ably aggravated this situa-
ton and provided further
impetus for drastic action.
People were willing to try
almost anything rather than
return to the old customs.
Such was the atmosphere in
which kolkhozes were born.
Collectivization of agri-
culture in Russia is not a
Communist invention. even
though it was put into prac-
tice by a Communist govern
ment. An instinct of team
work is one of the principal
features of the Russian char
acter. One of the outstanding
authorities in Russian agri-
culture, Yu. F. Samarin
Q813-1879) stated long be-
fore the revolution that 1.-THE
collective principle is the
foundation and the base of
the whole Russian history
past, present, and future"
This is a point completely
missed by foreign critics of
collectivization of agriculture
in Russia and missing as
well in your editorial.
G. C. NikifOroff
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
WATCHING THE WORLD
BY CROSBY S. MOVES
Brighter Perspective for France
Foreign Correspondent Of The stor

poisoned Frances relations
with virtually all Of the
neutralist world over the last
seven years Is now widely
considered as officially ended
on terms which the neutral
lists welcome. The result will
be Of huge Importance, not
only to France itself, but also
to Frances allies. The United
States, among others, has
suffered from the guilt by
association" which the Al
gerian war implied to most
neutral leaders.
Other Benefits
Though 1t Is too early to be
sure, there may be other
benefits to follow. The
haughtiness and disdain
which has marred French re-
lations with the neutral bloc.
and most particularly its
relations with the United Ma
tions-have been imposed at
least as much by the neces-
stiles of the Algerian problem
as by any natural perversity
on the part of Gen. Charles
de Gaulle. A real improve
ment in these relations may
be one logical consequence
Of the Evian agreement.
It is also quite likely that
the reticence that has
marked French foreign pol
icy in other areas may also
tend to disappear. It is, after
all, not particularly char
acteristic of Gen. de Gaulle
to deal himself out Of i'm
portant international confer
ences such as that now going
on in Geneva and lead
France down the road of
isolation. A more adventurous
approach to the problems Of
Europe and the cold war
may be expected, once peace
in Algeria is secured. 81,
This does not mean, Of
course, that all the prob
lens will be suddenly re-
solved or that Gen. de Gaulle
will become the most CO.
operative Of allies. Indeed,
when it comes to such ques-
tons as the development Of
the European community or
Frances role in NATO or
negotiations on disarmament
and Berlin, many are predict
ing that Gen. de Gaulle is
likely to be rather more diff
ficult after an Algerian set
tlement than he has been in
the past. =.
Even so, the chapter that is
beginning will be more hope
full than the one that Is now
being closed. The burden
which the war in Algeria has
imposed on France and the
rest of the world has already
been lightened. And for all
the uncertainties ahead, a
general improvement in the
climate seems assured.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21

Your recent editorial, "Mr.
KS Farm Mess" leaves the
impression that its author is
either misinformed or I'M
familiar with the background
of collectivization Of farm
land in Russia. He refers to
"the feeling of the av-
erage Russian peasant, who
despises collectivization." Let
us consider this flat state
ment.
AS you undoubtedly know,
during World War II, a large
part Of Russia-roughly west
Of a line through Stalingrad,
Moscow, and Leningrad-was
occupied by the Germans.
This area includes all of
Ukrainia and Byelorussia and
a great chunk Of the Euro
pean part of Russia proper.
1t is the principal agricul-
tural region of the Soviet
Union, inhabited by approx
mately 100000, 900 people. Its
farm land was virtually all
collectivized before the war.
The Germans held this terri
tory for about three years.
No Communist authorities or
Bolshevik commissars were
then in power to impose their
will upon the people. More
over, the German administra-
ton was destined to obliter-
ate the last vestige of Com
munist institutions. Hence,
the peasants, who presum-
ably "despise collectiviza-
ton" were free to break up
kolkhozes collective FARMS
and divide the land accord
ing to their liking. Yet, not
a single attempt was made
to do this among several
scores of thousands of kolk-
hozes. On the contrary, this
system of land-uSe not only
survived the ordeal but
emerged stronger than be-
fore. Does this suggest that
the average Russian peasant
"despises collectivization"?
1t cannot be denied, indeed
that there are individuals
among the Russian farmers
who despise collectivizatior
in every fiber Of their being
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
Bomber HoIoby

Charles Yarbrough'S ION
Wings" column quotes For
tune magazine writer Walter
McQuade with this COMPARE
son of the Federal Aviation
Agency's first chief Quesada
with its present chief Halaby:
Where Quesada in an ar
gument is a strafer, Halaby
is more of a high-level bomb
err, preferring to fly coolly
above the clouds of contro-
versy until he radars in on
a target"
Some who will remember
Quesada's strafing may we'll
not be in a mood to welcome
a bombing from Halaby, met
aphorical or otherwise.
Robert E. Trimble.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21

in our jails than In our
streets.
Judge MCGUIRE Is to be
congratulated for his intel
ligent and sensible treatment
of these animals. More of
our judicial humanists should
assist in this effort to keep
our city clean!
Angeles H. Bacas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
frustrated Justice

The Supreme Courts diligence in
upholding the constitutional provision
against double jeopardy in criminal
case is, of course, commendable. It is
unfortunate, however, that in invoking
the double jeopardy clause in Federal
fraud trial in Boston the high court also
was unfolding, in effect, an acquittal
which the Court of Appeals had criticized
as biased upon an egregiously erroneous
foundation" And the Supreme Court
conceded that the appellate criticism
was mot without reason" Can it be
said unqualifiedly that justice was
served in this strange case?
The trial resulted from Federal
fraud Indictment against the Standard
Coil Products Company and two of its
employees. They were accused of falsify-
ing test data on electronic equipment
supplied to the Government Federal
Judge Charles E. Wyzanski, jr., accord
ing to the record, ordered the acquittal
of the defendants before the Govern
ment could present number of wit
nesses who, the prosecutor stated, would
have testified to the fraudulent actions
Of the firm and the two employees. Judge
Wyzanski ruled that the several wit
nesses he allowed the prosecution to put
on the stand lacked credibility and that
the prosecutor had not conducted the
case properly. Thereupon, said the Court
of Appeals, the Judge abruptly termin-
ated the Governments case :. long be-
fore the Government had had an oppor-
tunity to show whether or not it had a
case; and, moreover, he did so in ignor-
ance Of either the exact nature or the
cogency Of the specific evidence of
guilt which the Governments counsel
said he had available and was ready to
present" The appellate court therefore
ordered the case retired before another
Judge.
BY seven to-one decision, the
Supreme Court reversed the appellate
action on the ground that person may
not be tried twice for the same offense.
But Justice Clark, dissenting, held that
Judge Wyzanski'S directed verdict of
acqufttal was invalid and that hence
double jeopardy would not be involved
in retrial. Said Judge Clark: mo Judge
has the power before hearing the testi-
mony proffered by the Government, or
at least canvassing the same, to enter
Judgment of acquittal and thus frus-
trate the Government in the perform
ance Of its duty to prosecute those who
violate the law" That would seem to
be unassailable logic, even though Judge
Wyzanski has been excepted from the
rule in the Standard Coil Products case.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21
Welfare Problem

It is a sad commentary on
our times when responsible
officials haggle over the pay
ment of money for the sup
port of minor children whose
guardian mothers are living
with paramours. Welfare Off
Gals truly concerned for the
welfare of these children
would remove them forth
with from the custody Of
their unfit mothers and place
them in homes where they
can learn by precept and ex-
ample how decent people live
in our society.
If there are presently no
such homes available or in
sufficient or inadequate num-
bers of such homes, then they
must be provided. When you
have the kids already, you
can't say you can't afford to
bring them up properly. You
manage somehow.
The state is ultimately res
porsible for these children. If
the parents are inadequate, it
is the duty of the state to the
children and to society to step
in and take over, not sit
around and argue over whe-
ther to support the children
or not, dependent upon their
mothers morals.
If these children are to
learn that society frowns
upon promiscuity in the pres
ence of the young, society
should start frowning instead
Of quibbling over cash. The
current discussion of the Dis
trict of Columbia situation is
revolving. Jane Hendershott
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-21

and who pray for its collapse,
but they represent a small
minority and have no chance
to see their prayers answered.
This group consists largely
Of the so-called "kulaks" and
the farmers who owned par
GELS Of land before the revolu-
ton.
This brings us to the other
subject, lie. the background
of collectivization of Russian
agriculture. Due to space
limitations, only a few points
can be mentioned:
Roughly 80 per cent Of the
Russian peasantry never
owned individual farms.
About 80 per cent Of the land
cultivated by the peasants
belonged to "pozemel'naya
obshchinas" or land COM
munities such as a village
or a group Of neighboring
villages. An "obschin a"
community divided the
land among Its members.
Generally only the men (no
women) Of working age"
could have a share.
There were several diff
ferent systems of dividing
the land into the shares to
be assigned to heads Of fam
lilies. The most common was
the nightmarish "cherez-
nolositza" or alternating
strips" according to which
the land assigned to a given
family would consist Of many,
often more than so and sell
dom less than 20, narrow
strips scattered throughout
the area owned by the whole
community. Moreover, even
these strips were not in the
permanent possession of their
tiller. Changes in the popula-
ton of the village, lie. in
creases or decreases in the
number of men of working
age" necessitated periodic
rebuilding of the land.
This system of land own
ership, not specifically Rus
sian and still surviving in
some countries, served as an
almost insurmountable handi-
cap to the development of