davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-05-26

World War II period, including some of
his own, and some of his military staff
members, still bearing top secret class
ification.
The worth of this manner of bring
ing together the most detailed and per-
sonal of a Presidents records already
has been well demonstrated and it has,
in fact, been improved and expanded in
modern times. On the campus of STAN
ford University in Palo Alto, California,
the Hoover Library has become recog-
nized as highly useful research center.
The same applies to the F. D. Roosevelt
Library in Hyde Park, N. Y, and even
more complete as a source for study of
the years involved is the Truman, Library
in Independence, Missouri The Eisen-
hover Library is valuable addition to
this distinguished group.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Library for the Nation

The Nation and its historians are
the true beneficiarieS of dedication
ceremonies recently on the outskirts
of the little Kansas town of Abilene.
For it was there that the latest of pres
idential libraries, Storehouse of records
and papers relating not only to eight
years of national administration but
to an earlier span of momentouS mill
tary events, was handed over officially
to the keeping of the Federal Govern
ment.
< This was the Eisenhower Library,
an impressive new structure that DOM
mates 13-acre site also containing the
boyhood home of the soldier-PreSident
Citizens of fifty States contributed to
the financing of this future center of
study and research, to be administered
henceforth by the National Archives
Service Of the General Services Admin
iStration. Already on it's miles of shelves
are films and documents supplementing
other Government and public records Of
policy-making and action-taking during
General EiSenhowerS two terms in the
Presidency. The files of other members
of his official family, including those of
the late Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles, will be added. And of greatly
added value in this case will be many
of General Eisenhower papers from the
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Tories on Defense

Local elections in England and
Wales in recent weeks have produced one
loser and two winners. The loser, not
unexpectedly, was the Conservative
Party, which suffered net loss of more
than 500 seats in the municipal councils
Of 428 boroughS. One winner, fully in
keeping with the SeeSaw movement of
two-party political strength in Britain
for more than 40 years past, was the
Labor Party, which scored net gains of
approximately 260 seats. The other win
ner, and the one that may represent
truly new force in modern British poll
tics (meaning since World War y, was
the Liberal Party, which picked up a
net of at least 1926 seats.
In the working of British politics,
the results of these local elections do
not necessarily affect policies of the ma
tional government-which has been
Conservative since 1951-and which may
not be forced to the test of a general
election until the fall of 1864. Further
more, with party margin of more
than 100 votes in the House of Com
mons, the Conservative government is
reasonably insured against Parliament
tary defeat that might force earlier
elections. Even so, as practical matter,
the local voting shows quite clearly that
there is at least public restiveness
about the Conservative stewardship, and
that simply moving to Labor leadership
is less than the complete answer.
1t is noteworthy that the local cleo
tionS were fought out almost entirely on
domestic iSsues-among them the Con-
Servative governments deflationary
budget, the fact that Britain's economy
currently is marking time while that
of continental Western Europe is more
buoyant, and a subtle annoyance-taken
out on the Conservatives-tha Britain's
bid to join the Common Market has not
drawn prompt and unconditional ap-
proval by the Common Market members
The English Welsh voting indicates a
new impatience with both of the major
parties.
Actually, the Liberal Party itself
does not offer very concrete alterna-
tives. In some respects it is to the left
of the Labor Party, in others to the
right. The Economist speaks of the
"muzzineSs" of certain Liberal policy
positions, and even the party leadership,
is quoted equivocally about being against
naturalization but in favor of democ-
ratization, encouraging free enterprise
but favoring stronger curbS on concen-
tration of business power, and so on.
There is some reason to believe, in fact
that the Liberal leadership is delighted
with the party's new popularity but not
quite sure what to do about it. In this
circumstance, there are no serious fore
casts now that the Liberals might win
a general election in 1864, or sooner if
there is an earlier test. AS third choice,
however, the party could exercise a
balance of power and be a major in
fluence upon the behavior of its two
stronger rivals.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
It's Greener Here

For some eight years, although as
sertedly not a member of the party,
David Paul Johnson had been an active
Communist Sympathizer in Philadelphia.
The Soviet Union, he was convinced at
the time, grew grass much greener than
Americas
So 32-year-old Mr.. Johnson, with
theological stars in his eyes, decided just
a short time ago to give up his railroad
job it paid him over $110 a week., sell
his possessions and set sail with his
family for the MarxiSt-LeniniSt para
disc Of the USSR. His intention was to
settle down over there and begin a new
life. This life, he was Sure-having in
mind all the glowing party-line litera-
ture he had devoured avidly and with
reliSh-would be far better than his
bourgeois existence in Philadelphia.
Well, once he arrived in the USSR,
Mr.. Johnson, whose wife and children
apparently were never particularly
eager to leave their home in the City
Of Brotherly Love, learned fast. In fact,
within one week after arriving in Len
ingrad, he knew that he had made IAN
exceptionally tragic mistake" He noted
right away that the Soviet Union was
not in any sense comparable to the land
of his dreams, and his erstwhile party
line enchantment soon changed into
utter diSenchantment.
Thus, looking around over there,
Mr.. Johnson discovered almost imme-
diately that the consumer goods Situa-
ton Cncluding food) was bad and that
housing was unbelievably scarce. Also,
some people on the streets wanted to
buy the clothes he wore. All the Soviet
propaganda of the past, the stuff he had
accepted as gospel truth, suddenly fell
apart before his eyes. Now with the
naivete gone from his mind, he recog-
nized the whole business as a colossal
lie that had bamboozled him.
In sum, what Mr.. Johnson has
learned is that American grass, in terms
Of individual freedom and personal liv-
ing standards, is incomparably greener
than Red RussiaS. His eyes have been
opened wide on that score, and so let us
welcome him back as man who has
frankly admitted his quite foolish
mistake.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Good Deed

My family would like to
share a very pleasant expert
ence with Star readers.
While driving recently in
Maryland, north of Palti-
more, a tire blew out. After
driving off the road, a truck
with flashing red lights and
two mechanics aboard sud-
denly arrived on the scene.
The men went right to work,
using their own tools and
equipment. and changed our
tire. When the work was
done they presented us with
a litter bag, a road map and
a card which identified them
as members of Susquehanna
Trail Post 10,048, Veterans of
Foreign Wars. In five minutes
we resumed our trip and
they were on their way to
help other distressed motor
lists. The courtesy vehicle was
equipped with gasoline, oil,
compressed air, hydraulic
jack. tools and first-aid
equipment. There was no
charge, just a friendly wish
for a pleasant trip.
The world is in short sup
ply of such courtesieS and we
believe Americans should en-
courage and nurture them.
We are appreciative of this
worthy project.
Wy Dill.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
No Mitigating Factor

District Court Judge McGarraghy
used juStifiably strong language in re-
fuSing to reduce the death sentence
imposed on William Coleman for the
murder of a policeman following a
liquor store robbery in 1860 Recalling
that the Court of Appeals, in upholding
the conviction, described the killing as
a Savage and desperate" attempt by
Coleman to shoot his way past the
officer in an alley, Judge McGarraghy
added Succinctly: Undoubtedly, more
revolving killings are conceivable, but
that fact does not of itself constitute
a mitigating circumstance"
Coleman was convicted of wrestling
the officers gun away from him when
the latter trapped him outside the
liquor store Immediately after the hold
up, in which another policeman was
shot. He turned the gun against the
officer, fatally wounding him Cole
mans attorney appealed the conviction
in vain to the Court Of Appeals and
the Supreme Court. Then came a plea
for reduction Of sentence, based largely
on the ground that since the imposition
of the death sentence a new law has
made it discretionary with juries as to
whether execution or a life sentence
is the penalty for first degree murder.
Police officers" Judge McGarraghy
said, "are engaged in the dangerous
business of protecting the public from
vicious criminals. When they become
the victims of such criminals, the pub
lie interest, both from the point of view
of deterrence and of punishment, re-
quires that the penalty fixed by law
be carried into effect" This is sound
doctrine.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
ght-Wingers'

! was amused at the cap
ton describing the tenor of
speeches made at the recent
Democratic Women's Con-
ference, Democrats Say Re-
publicans Becoming More
Right Wing" AS an ex-
Democrat who is now an &C
tive Republican party work.
er. I think the definition of
"right-winger" depends upon
the position between the
poles from where the term
emanates. The Democrats
viewpoint exists because they
have progressed" so far to
the left so far that any,
thing contrary to ADA belief
is considered right wing"
On second throught, the
caption isn't so amusing. If
belief in a sound economy,
individual responsibility and
free enterprise rates the label
of "right-winger" then all
Americans who love their
country and their freedom
can entertain only the most
soberlng thoughts.
Gene ThomnSou
Evening star., 1962-05-26

of our day proved him to be
a statesman among politi-
cians-one who feared not to
stand up and be counted. His
ability, integrity, loyalty and
allegiance to our party and
our country have made a
lasting impression on all
Marylanders who followed
his political career with in
terest and enthusiasm. To
many, the primary election
was but an overture of bet
ter things to come for the
much admired Mr.. Gleason.
Republicans the State over
should be Justly proud of
him for the much-needed
fighting spirit he infused
into our party. We cannot
afford to lose him the next
time.
Marmian w. Tharp,
Gleason Campaign Com
mittee, Montgomery County,
Maryland.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Laos Lost

The events which recently
transpired in Southeast Asia
manifest, even to the least
discerning eye, an essential
and oft-recurring failure of
American foreign policy:
namely, failure to determine
the real, paramount enemy in
a given situation.
1t can be said with no little
veracity that the enemy in
Laos was communism. A
Communist force of rebel
Laotians copiously augmented
by Red Chinese and North
Vietnamese troops, not to
mention Russian planes, un-
dertook full-scale military
operations and conquered the
country.
Yet, our State Department
had pinpointed a totally diff
ferent enemy-poverty and
indifference. To establish
progressive economic trends
and expel native insouciance,
a united front" government
composed of Communist,
neutralist, and pro-Western
elements was proposed. The
prospect of a temporary peace
notwithstanding, the perils
inherent in such a govern
ment are multitudinous, not
the least of which being the
legalizing of the Communist
rebel troops. History, whose
voice is SO often ignored, in
dicateS that such govern
ments move inexorably to-
ward the Communist sphere,
usually at a predictable rate.
The Com m unists really
wanted to see the area re-
' main neutral because, as
Averell Hartman put it, ats
not an attractive piece of
real estate" More important,
we were told, the Russians
needed to keep the Chinese
out.
1t is doubtful, however,
that poverty brought thou
sands of Communist troops
streaming into all sectors of
Laos; and. it was not indif-
ference, but lack of Western
moral and logistical support,
which sent the Laotians flee
ing from their homeland. One
cannot believe that the Rus
slams attempted to keep the
Chinese out by donating to
them Russian aircraft. Laos,
it now appears, was not such
an unattractive place after
all.
Clearly then, there were
two alternatives in Laos: To
support the pro-Western de-
tenders of Laos or to obviate
intervention by pledging sup
port only to a coalition gov
ernment, one which the pro-
Western Laotians would never
agree to. The latter course
was taken. Laos was lost.
Frederic w. Barnes, jr.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Full Representation

There is a practical advantage, we
suppose, in the argument of Senator
keatlng of New York that congressional
representation for the District of Colum-
bia should be restricted to the House
OF Representatives. For while the House
refused to go along, the Senate two
years ago accepted this limited form
OF representation during the preliminary
voting on the constitutional amendment
which has granted WaShingtonians the
right to vote for President and Vice
President
But Senator Bush of Connecticut
is entirely right when he says that this
is not enough, that District residents
will attain the full rights of citizenship
due them only when they achieve vot-
ing representation in the Senate as well
as in the House. And it is refreshing to
hear this right upheld in so candid and
fortnight manner.
In time, we have no doubt that
WashingtonianS will gain their full
measure of enfranchiSement. The
amendment to the Constitution which
has enabled them to vote for President
in 1864 is gratifying and long delayed
first step. If now a second amendment
on voting rights were limited to rep
reSentation in the House, third in
evitably would follow to encompass the
Senate at some date in the future. 1t
would be too bad to have to invoke the
difficult and complex procedures of
constitutional amendment in three
bites, when two would suffice.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Too Many People,

In your editorial, TOO Many
People" you wish good luck
to our children as they get
ready to take over the world"
Near the end you speak of a
world that is worried about
the runaway growth of its
population. Are these the
best words you can offer as a
solution to this mounting ca
tastrophe?
You have missed a clear
opportunity to speak a strong
word urging a rational pro-
gram of birth control as a
means of dealing effectively
with this situation.
Charles E. Walden, Jr.
Vicar, st. Philips Episcopal
Chapel. Member Clergy Ad-
visory Committee Planned
Parenthood of Metropolitan
Washington. D. c.
Evening star., 1962-05-26

At the regular meeting Of
the Manor Park Citizens As
sociation on May IA, the fol-
lowing resolution was passed:
Resolved, that this associ-
alton direct letters to each Of
the local newspapers asking
that they inaugurate an anti
litter campaign for the Dis
trict of Columbia similar to
the successful swat the fly
campaign of many years
ago."
The citizens Of the Dis
trict seem to have grown
quite lax as far as making
any effort toward keeping
their sidewalks clean, and
this is undoubtedly aggra-
waited by the large amount of
CONNECTIONS sold in small
packages by stores and row.
ing merchants. Quite often
grass is cut and hedges trim
med and the clippings left
where they fall on the side
walk or in cutters or alleys.
We believe that a campaign
for good citizenship might be
helpful.
Alice b. Norton,
Secretary. Manor Park Citi-
zenS Association.
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Edward p. Taptich.
AppIouds Gleason

Jim Gleason, Republican
candidate for U. S. Senator,
won a victory of his own
which emanated from the
admiration and respect of
Maryland Republicans every
where who entrusted to him
their vote of confidence at
the polls on primary day. His
valiant campaign, against
heavy odds at the outset
tabulating near $3.50 results
as the returns poured in to
the very last--leaveS no
doubt in the minds of his
thousands of supporters that
Mr.. Gleason has indeed left
his mark in our State.
was but one of the volun-
teers on his staff who had
the privilege of working
closely with Mr.. Gleason
throughout his spirited cam
paigr against the Republican
state Organization" who in
dorsed his chief opponent.
His determination to preserve
the rights of all Republican
voters in our State to choose
a candidate themselves. in an
un-indorsed, open primary
for a truly free election. war
rants serious consideration
in the future.
Throughout his entire cam
paign, Jim Gleason fought
increasingly for the high
principles he so aptly es-
poused and which were self
evident in the manner in
which he conducted his cam
paign. His firm stands TN
the vitally important issues
Evening star., 1962-05-26
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Facets of Space Exploring Program
By THOMAS R. HENRY

satellites in their orbits.
They can be considered only
as artificial moons.
There is considerably less
common experience with
magnetic forces. The mag
netic field of the earth,
which is believed to be
created by electric currents
circulating deep in the core
of the earth, has much the
same shape as that of a toy
bar magnet. Presumably the
same holds throughout ma
ture. The behavior of satel-
lites launched by the Ma
tional Aeronautics and Space
Administration is expected
to make possible mapping of
these fields.
Finally, electric charges
give rise to electric force
fields, similar to magnetic
fields, in the regions of space
surrounding them. Little is
known, to date, of their
significance.
Nuclear Forces Different
The extremely powerful
nuclear forces are something
quite different. With them
many can have no direct SEN
sorry experience and the
physicist can investigate
them only to a quite lin
tied extent in the laboratory.
They come into play in the
innermost heart of the atom,
in the explosions of atomic
nuclei such as will be found
in the dreaded nuclear bomb
of predicted future wars which
would eliminate mankind,
and in production of most
Of the radiant energy of the
sun and stars. The enormous
destructive power calculated
for the bombs is not surpris-
ing when the force involved is
considered.
It is an interplay between
the very weak and very
strong forces in nature that
is responsible for the birth
and evolution of the stars
and galaxies. In experiments
now projected at the God
dard Research Center it may
well be possible to make di-
rect observations of these
interactions. Satellites may
be sent into regions of space
where they take place. Au-
tomatically operating instru-
mentS are under construc-
ton to measure them.
Admittedly, this is largely
a matter for tomorrows, and
knowledge win be built up bit
by bit. But now, for the first
time, there is reasonable GER
tainty that the tomorrows will
come, even If not close at
hand,
Evening star., 1962-05-26
Feeding Red China

Disturbing to this reader is
the growing sentiment that
the United States should sup
ply food to the starving
masses in Red China on a
humanitarian level. Empha-
sized is the fact that there
are unfortunate millions Suf-
fering the pangs of hunger
while we enjoy the benefit of
unmeasured surplus; inher-
ent in the argument is an
emotional appeal which all
but obliterates a reflective
consideration of the conse-
quences of such a program
of aid.
Ignored in the typical COM
mentary of this sort is the
fact that Red China, no less
than Russia, represents not
only a potential, but a very
real kinetic enemy ideologi-
cally, militarily, economical
ly. How easy to offer an
appeal to sympathy on the
basis of pure emotion while
omitting mention that this
same nation daily drives
deeper into Vietnam, into
Laos.
The real tragedy of the
situation is not that the Chi
nese are hungry, but rather
lies in the fact that these
same people must be associ-
ated with a government,
which may or may not repre-
sent their true personal senti-
ment, in such a way as to rem
der the possibility Of such aid
a nullity. If it were possible
to separate a consideration
of the people themselves from
their identification with the
government, the suggestion
of such direct relief might
we'll be considered. Sad to
say, such a distinction is
realistically impossible.
We are in a tortuous po-
sition of having to balance a
consideration of the needs OF
suffering individuals, against
the long-range effect of such
aid. Our leanings are imme-
diately to help anyone. on a
personal basis, who so obvi-
ously needs what we enjoy in
surplus. What is necessary
also, however, is a mature
reflection on the results OF
our good will.
True, there are individuals
suffering from starvation;
true we have food we can
send. Unfortunately, it is
true also that the govern
ment of Red China derives its
strength and vitality from
these people and that we are
face-to-face, hot and cold,
with this government which
has continuously pronounced
a policy of inevitable con-
flict with the West.
Regardless of how inhu-
name it may seem, we are in
such a position that our
hands are tied - we cannot
give aid of this sort without
unwittingly bolstering, to
some degree, the basis of a
government committed to
our suppression. if not de-
struction.
Evening star., 1962-05-26

Of a Republican Congress as
a check on the policies and
programs of the Kennedy ad-
miniStration. I'm against
the socialistic power state
which the President and his
programs will surely bring to
this country" he tells the
people. Then he attacks in
detail much of the legisla-
ton which the administra-
ton is sponsoring, and also
its big spending programs.
The towering young Sem
ate candidate is a good mix
er and speaker-an attrac-
tive personality. A graduate
Of the University of Missouri,
he served in the Navy Che
enlisted as soon as he
reached enlistment age) dur
ing the last two years of the
Second World War. He is
married, and his wife, he con-
fides, is a Republican. They
have three children.
Strong Support Ready
During his eight months of
campaigning, Mr.. Kemper
has been building an organ
ization. If he wins the NOM
ination. as now is conf
IDENTIFY expected, he will have
strong support of the Repub-
lican Senatorial Campaign
Committee and also of the
Republican National Com
mittee. In 1860. President
Kennedy just Squeaked
through in Missouri, carry
ing the State by a scant
10000 votes over former Vice
President Nixon. This despite
all that former President
Harry S. Truman could do.
However, the Dem ocrats
elected Governor that year
John M. Dalton-by a very
material vote, and Senator
Long was elected with a lead
of 10000 votes over his Re-
publican opponent.
The Democrats are pre-
dieting the reelection of
Senator Long. His is not a
seat they regard as in any
real jeopardy. Furthermore,
they would hate to lose it.
He will have the backing of
the Democratic organization.
However, Mr.. Kemper comes
of an old, influential family
in Kansas City at the west
ern side of the State and the
Republicans have been pick
ing up strength in st. Louis
at the eastern side. Mr.. KEN
per feels he will do well in
that area.
Breaking the Democratic
hold in Missouri, if the Ken
nedy administration is riding
high when November rolls
around, will be no easy task.
At present the State has a
Democratic Governor, two
Democratic enators and
nine Democrats to two Re-
publicans in its congressional
delegation. But this does not
daunt Mr.. Kemper. If he
should win, he will add an
other young Senator to a
growing list. He insists he
will be no rubber stamp Sem
ator-which he charges Sem
ator Long is.