davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-09-27
Only Reds Moving

The cold war is becoming
increasingly worse. The only
advances to date have been
those of the Communists. It
has now moved into the
Western Hemisphere. Unless
it is checked by q very firm
stand. still further advances
will be made into the Latin
American nations. Unless we
act together with other
American states, or act uni
laterally, we may expect other
advances by the Communists.
There are apparently plenty
Of would-be Castros who
would have the support not
only Of Cuba but of the So
Wet and Red China.
Secretary of State Dean
Rusk is to meet with the
foreign ministers Of the other
American states to discuss
what steps should be taken to
handle the Communist mem
ace created by the dominance
Of the Soviet government in
Cuba. One thing seems sure:
Unless the United States
takes q very strong step and
shows strong leadership, such
a conference will accomplish
little. The damage in Cuba
has already been done.
Members Of Congress, both
Democratic and Republican,
take a grave view Of these
recent developments in Cuba.
Indeed, they have passed a
joint resolution declaring d
support Of President Ken
nedy in any steps he may
deem necessary for the secur-
ity Of the United States -
but leaving 1t up to the Presi-
dent to decide what action to
take and when.
Our allies abroad so far
have taken the position that
Cuba is our affair, not
theirs. They seem to forget
that we are making West
Berlin - as far from us as
Cuba is from them-an af-
fair Of ours.
Evening star., 1962-09-27
Stand on Charter

A booklet entitled Instant
Common Sense" which was
circulated at the Primo e
Georges County Fair, states:
'"The County League Of Wom-
en- Voters which has not yet
determined its stand on char
ter but has rejected Project
Marlboro :" This is in err
ror, perhaps inadvertently,
for the subsequent quotations
in the booklet are drawn
from a league publication put
out in January, 1862, before
our members had decided on
the league stand.
Our discussion guide sum-
married. arguments by both
proponents and opponents of
charter. The material quoted
was not intended to represent
the leagues own position on
the question, but simply tc
report the statements of the
adversarieS as we h card
them. There are specious ar
gumentS on both sides.
The Project Marlboro"
report has neither been ac-
cepted nor rejected by the
league. We certainly have no
mandate to do so, and are
primarily concerned with the
issue Of charter on its own
merits.
To avoid any misunder-
standing, I repeat that the
league supports charter as q
natural evolution in local
self-government. We believe
it would result in consider
able modernization of county
governmental structure.
Mrs. Gordon c. Hull,
President, League Of Women
Voters Of Prince Georges
County,
Evening star., 1962-09-27
THE POLITICAL MILL
Watching the Cuban BmIdup
BY GOULD LINCOLN

with East Berlin It means
WARP" Said bluntly-as Mr..
Khrushchev Is blunt In his
pronouncements-it might be
effective. The Russian Pre-
mier's tactic Is to frighten
the American people and the
other peoples Of the Western
World. It seems almost time
that we adopt q similar tao
tic and frighten the peoples
Of the Communist bloc-and
perhaps the leaders Of their
governments. Only In the
Pacific, where Red China lies,
have we effectively told the
Communists that If they
move against FormoSa, it viii
mean war. We have been so
anxious to impress the world
that we are q pacific nation
and will never strike first,
that the world is beginning to
wonder If we will fight. Ger
tainly the Communist world.
1t could lead to q third world
war, or to our gradual sur
render on all fronts.
Evening star., 1962-09-27
'TV WosteIond'

Jenkin Lloyd Jones' Sept.
II article. u. s. Children in
a TV Wasteland," was a
most powerful and thought
provoking analysis of one of
the serious wastes of the
United States technical skills
and, what is even more seri-
Gus, the resulting waste Of
the minds Of our youth. I wish
to thank Mr.. Jones for
bringing the situation before
the public. It would not be
amiss to reprint the article
frequently in bold type.
Russell f. HOgeland.
Evening star., 1962-09-27

Sity, electronic particle for
nation and other high sky
information essential In de-
signing space vehicles. Dur
ing its ride to the top Of the
earth's air envelope the min
iature radio can battle temp
eratures ranging from minus
165 degrees to 500 degrees
above zero. as well as ex-
treme shocks and vibrations.
The inventor made many
electronic circuit stages serve
multiple purposes, to keep the
unit small. When the pre-
liminary designed circuit was
as compact as possible he
converted it into tiny bits of
metal that look like fasten-
ers on a woman's dress and
snap together.
The assembled radio then
was dipped in a silieone rub
ber compound that protects
it against shock. A thin shell
Of ceremic material encases
the assembly.
The tiny radio is elected
from a missile at peak alti-
tude and an attached para
chute pops open to take it
slowly to earth, radioing in
formation as it drops. The
m metalized d parachute is
tracked by radar to measure
wind speeds.
United States scientific
and engineering organiza-
tions whose research extends
into the upper atmosphere
and near space soon will
adopt a new standard at
mosphere."
The standard atmosphere
is a profile of temperatures.
densities and pressures from
ground level up to about 500
miles. It provides data for
calculating speed and sound
at any given altitude, the
trajectories Of missiles and
the orbits Of satellites. The
work is being carried out un-
der the joint sponsorship of
the Air Froce Office of Re
search and Development and
Nation Space and Aeronautics
Administration.
Measurements Refined
The present standard at
mosphere used in these cal
culations was established five
years ago. Since that time
hundreds of rockets and
satellites have sampled the
various aspects Of the atmos-
phere at various attitudes
and have obtained consider
ably more refined measure
ments.
For example, says an Air
Force report on the project.
the earlier study established
a temperature Of 1000 de-
grees above absolute zero at
an altitude of $50 miles. La
ter observations have fixed
it at 1900 degrees.
The revised standard at
mosphere depicts typical mid
latitude year-round condi-
tions averaged for daylight
hours.
Evening star., 1962-09-27
MockereIV VS.. Morality

With President Kennedy
facing some of the most
serious problems in the Ma
TONS history, a Democratic
Senate takes time out to vote
$40 million for a gold plat
ed fish bowl" an aquarium
we could do without until
times get better.
Three cheers for Senators
Morse and Proxmire who've
had the courage to fight this
expenditure of public funds.
If Senator Smith of Massa-
chuSetts hasn't seen enough
fish after his long residence
in the Old Bay State, I sug-
gest he visit the aquarium
in Boston. And Congressman
Kirwin, of Ohio. who appar-
emily needs to see fish, might
profitably visit the aquari-
ums in Cleveland, Cincin-
natl and Toledo in the Buck
eye State.
II Senator Randolph Of
West Virginia really wants to
see fish he might try flying
to any number Of the Ma
tion's larger cities or-better
still-take a 50-minute drive
to Annapolis. Md, where he
could watch the finny won
ders Of the deep.
If $40 million Is available
to the Senate to toss away,
why not provide the Nations
Capital with a super-ade-
quate police force whic h
would make the city far
more attractive to visitors?
Or must female assistants to
Congressman continue to be
beaten up because Congress
prefers herring to honesty
and mackerel to morality?
WHY
Evening star., 1962-09-27
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condensd-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only phen accom-
panied by self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-09-27
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Measuring Humidity of shutosphere
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

Considerable controversy
has resulted from apparent
disagreement in results OBJ
tanned by British and Amer
ican investigators over the
distribution of humidity in
the stratosphere. The Brit
iSh consistently have found
little water vapor there while
American experiments have
indicated considerable mois-
ture at this great altitude.
An effort to resolve the diff
ficultieS is planned by the Air
Force Office of Scientific Re-
search and Development this
fall. The experiment will
take place at $4,000 feet in
Minnesota. Several carefully
calibrated moisture meas
urers will be carried aloft by
a balloon. Included will be
both the American and the
British types of apparatus.
Two devices will be COM.
pared. One will be the So
called molecular sieve De-
veloped by the Air Force and
the other a freeze-out de-
vice developed by the United
Kingdom Atomic Energy Au-
thority.
British Device Explained
The British device collects
water vapor and carbon di-
oxide by pumping q sample Of
air through q coil cooled by
liquid nitrogen which traps
the water vapor and carbon
dioxide. After recovery the
amounts of these can be de-
termined. Several expert
mental investigations Of this
apparatus have been con-
Quoted in England and ap-
peared to yield acceptable
data.
Indications are that the
Air Force apparatus will give
measurements within an ac-
curacy of two per cent. The
least that can be expected,
if the experiment is q sue
cess, says an Air Force re-
port, will be determination
if there is any real discrepan-
cy. Very reliable stratospher-
ic humidity data is consid-
cred essential for future
space exploration attempts.
A radio tranSmitter and
receiver weighing less than
three ounces has been de-
veloped for exploring the
mysteries of the high sky at
the White Sands Missile
Range. N. M.
The device was designed
and built by DR.. Claude A.
Steffey Of the White Sands
staff. It is only an inch wide
and six inches long. It rides
as high as 40 miles above the
earth in the tail section of
a rocket moving at about
1000 miles an hour.
The tiny radio transmits
information about the at
mosphere on its four chan
nels. Each channel can be ad-
justed to radio data on such
factors as temperature, den
Evening star., 1962-09-27

The Kennedy administra-
tons watchful waiting policy
on the Soviet buildup In
Cuba needs particular en-
phasis on its watching" end.
The announcement that the
Soviet Union win build q
major port in Cuba as a base
for its Atlantic fishing fleet
has Just come as evidence
that the Communists, having
established a foothold in the
Western Hemisphere. intend
to make the most Of it. If
this port can be used as q
base for Russian fishin g
craft, it can be used as a
base for Russian submarines
and, indeed, for any other
warships it sees fit to place
there. Coming on top Of the
information that four or five
thousand Soviet military ex-
perts and technicians are al
ready in Cuba to aid Cas-
tro's government IN building
strong military defenses ''for
Defense" the fishing port an
nouncement seems Just an
other sign that Cuba Is to
be used as q Soviet strong
hold, able to attack the PAN
anna Canal and also the
mainland Of the Unite d
States. And certainly to be
used as a constant threat,
an instrument for blackmail-
ing our Government and our
people.
Russia's Prime Minister
Khrushchev has said fatty
that any aggressive action
against Castro would mean
war with Soviet Russia as
well as Cuba. President Ken
nedy has replied that the
United States win take any
action necessary for its own
protection and security. If it
develops that Cuba is being
put in shape for aggressive
action against us. There the
matter rested until the an
nouncement by Castro that q
port was to be built in Cuba
where the Russians will base
their Atlantic fishing fleet. 1t
is to be under lease to the
Russians for q 10-year pc
Rod. But who believes that
the Soviets will ever relin-
quish this base-unless it has
become unnecessary to their
ambition. which Is to commu-
nize the world2
Time to Answer Threats
Mr.. Khrushchev has
threatened us with war on
many occasions, If we did
this, that or the other thing.
Up to date, the United States
has not threatened war If
Russia moved in any direc-
tion-other than saying that
we would go to war If at
tackled or if our allies were
attacked. Russia's threat has
been that she will make q
separate peace with her Satel-
lite, Communist East Ger
many, unless we take our
forces out Of West Berlin.
What If the United st a tie s
should say to Soviet Russia
IF you sign a separate treaty
Evening star., 1962-09-27

best interests Of his district and State" 4"
As an influential member of the House
District Committee these interests were
not always compatible with Washing
tons. As colorful figure, perhaps one
of the last Of his kind, he viii be missed
on Capitol Hill.
Evening star., 1962-09-27

are interested in neither
Americans nor their dollars.
We make it q habit Of mind
ing our own business.
John Patrick Callahan.
, 1962-02-24
1862
Charlotte Amalie. ST Thomas. U.s S. VIRGIN Islands

Thomas. Y. s. Virgin Islands 1867
professional educator Of the highest standing, the other
aleader of skill and experience in the field Of the rapid
development of communities. Their enthusiasm for the
College is clear in the report, and I may add that they
have become great boosters of the Virgin Islands since
they have come to know our territory and our citizens.
In DR.. Jones and Mr.. Boyce our people have two real
and valuable friends.
You vii. find the report as interesting and exciting
as | did, / am sure. You will also be as sobered as | was,
/ believe, by the solid presentation Of just what this eff
fort involves. The authors have not pulled any punches
We are now leaving the domain of mere talk with this
report, and coming to grips with facts.
/ think the report is self-explanatory, SO | will pass
it on to you with only a few brief comments. Upon by
return, | count on a thorough exploration Of this crucial
project by both the legislature and the executive branch,
working together, leading to legislation which will start
the College on the road to swift realization.
My first comment will be not on the College, but
on our primary and secondary schools. You will remem-
Der that a year ago, when the College was merely an
idea to be discussed and not the concrete project it now
has become, many critics of the idea insisted that our
lower schools needed drastic improvement before any
notion OF a college should be entertained. I fully agreed
with the first part Of their argument; | just did not be-
lieve we ought to stand still on the college while i'm
proving the lower schools. With the Boyce7Jones report
IN hand, | am sure you will agree that it was wise to get
moving on the college at once. It is a long hard road to
the establishment of a college; and if we had waited until
our lower schools were fully up to the mark, we might
never have started at all. For when is perfection reached
in a school system? The drastic program for improving
our lower schools is now quickly gathering steam, under
the. dynamic leadership Of DR.. Sanchez. By next Sep
TENDER we expect that forty-SeVen new teachers will
come into our schools, thus bringing the pupil-teacher
ratio into line at last. This is not merely a question of
pumping in new blood. Even more important, it will
give our present teaching staff a decent chance, at long
last, to do their work properly.
DR.. Sanchez has reported to me that, in his judg-
ment, we have in our present school system a very good
staff Of instructors, and that, given the proper working
conditions, they can and will do a remarkably better
job,
We are also moving rapidly to add new classrooms
SO that by next September the o~vercrowding crisis will
be greatly alleviated. These two major improvements
, 1962-02-24
The Honorable

TIE Honorable
The President Of the Legislature
Of the Virgin Islands
Charlotte Amalie
St. Thomas, Virgin Islands
My dear MI. President:
, 1962-02-24

At this time it gives me pleasure to transmit to the
members Of the Legislature the Boyce-Jones Report on
the College Of the Virgin Islands. DR.. Howard L. Jones
is the President of The NoSthfield Schools. East North
field, Massachusetts,. Mr.. Gordon Boyce is one of the
leaders of the noW-famous Peace Corps established by
President Kennedy, which is making such a fine reputa-
ton for itself in the underdeveloped areas Of other coun-
tries These two gentlemen were designated by me and
the Advisory Committee on the College to carry forward
the work of the first conference, and to submit a detailed
professional report that would be, in effect, a suggested
blueprint of the College. Legislation for the opening
phase of the college is now being drafted, and expect
to submit it to the Legislature on my return from Wash
ington. Since the Boyce-Jones recommendations have
proved Of the highest usefulness in preparing the legis-
lation, I think it will be Of real value if members of the
Legislature will study the report, so that the discussion
Of the legislation may be as informed and as thorough
as possible.
May | say that we were fortunate indeed to have
Evening star., 1962-04-25
Army Air|ift
To Be Tested
By the Associated Press

A 2,000-man infantry battle
group will be flown to Germany
in early May as part Of a new
exercise designed to test United
States ability to reinforce
NATO defenses in Europe.
The Pentagon announced to-
day that Exercise Long Thrust
III, as it has been named. will
take place between May 7 and
May IL.
The First Battle Group. 9th
Infantry will be airlifted to
Germany by the Military Air
Transport Service to replace
the I'd Battle Group, 39th In-
fantry. which was carried
across the Atlantic last January
in a previous exercise, Long
Thrust II.
Both battle groups are part
of the 4th Infantry Division,
based at Fort Lewis. Wash.
Five CHS jet transports will
be included in force of 38
transports to be used in NOV
ing the Army troops to Europe.
Jet fighters will provide air
cover on the transatlantic
Hon.
The whole operation will be
under the control of the newly
formed Strike Command. a
combined Air Force-Army or
ganiZation assigned the job of
directing rapid movement of
United States forces overseas
to handle possible emergencies.
Evening star., 1962-04-25
Library Seeking
To Rent Space in
Weapons Plant

L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian
Of Congress, urged a Senate
subcommittee today to let the
Library rent space in the Naval
Weapons Plant.
The rental may be low, DR..
Mumford said, but the aban-
doned plant probably will need
renovation.
The House already has
agreed to let DR.. Mumford rent
$4,000 square feet of storage
space, and $500 square feet of
additional space if it can be
found.
DR.. Mumford this morning
told a Senate Appropriations
subcommittee that temporary
rental is absolutely necessary
until a third Library of Con-
gress building. now in the
planning stage, can be con-
SUI TuCUSu.
Senators also were asked to
restore to the pending legisla-
tive branch budget $22,745 to
improve the access to children's
books in the Library of Con-
greSs. Representatives of the
American Library Association.
the American Association of
University Women and. the
Association for Childhood Edu-
cation international on Chill
dren's Books made the request.
The books are there, they said,
but the reference cards are so
inadequate that they cannot
easily be traced by subject.
Evening star., 1962-04-25

be a quarter moon, with three
quarters of the side facing us
in shadow.
"On the back side it'll be just
the opposite. because half the
moon will be in the sunlight.
And on the edge of the line Of
sunlight, just below the equa-
tor. is where Ranger is to
strike"
DR.. Bruce Murray. co-direc-
tor of the Cal Tech lunar lab
oratory, said TV pictures taken
Of the area by the Russians in
1859 show that it is a rough
upland. devoid of the flat areas
(miSnamed "Seas) seen on the
front side of the moon.
Hoped for Pictures
It's hard to say what it
really looks like" said DR..
Murray. "On the front side,
without best telescopes, we can
barely resolve an object a half
mile across. That's why we
were so hopeful Ranger would
get some closeup pictures for
U.S."
The 750-pound Ranger had
been assigned other jobs, too:
To measure lunar radioactivity;
to measure its properties as a
reflector Of radar beams, and
to record moonquakes and
meteor impacts.
Lack of power-because a
timer didn't throw solar cells
into position to generate more
power-meanS that none of
these goals will be accom-
plished, scientists said.
Evening star., 1962-04-25
DEPENDENTS
Continued From Page Al


lifting of the travel ban will
have little effect on the dollar
drain, Mr.. Mcnamara said.
Gold Flow Still a Problem
He acknowledged that the
Defense Department still has "a
serious problem with gold flow
The net outflow in fiscal year
1861, which ended last June 80,
was $2.75 billion, the Secretary
said. He hopes to reduce this
figure to $2.2 billion in fiscal
year 1862 and $1.8 billion in
fiscal 1868.
The Defense Department is
now experimenting with a
method of reducing the num-
ber of dependents of military
personnel sent abroad by rotat-
ing more units in and out OF
overseas bases for periods OF
up to 13 months without send
ing dependents abroad.
Air units are especially adap.
table to this greater degree oi
rotation. Added transportation
problems raised by the rotation
system are expected to be Met
with the trebling of the airlift
available to the Defense De-
partment.
Evening star., 1962-04-25
Crash Halls
Speeding Car

Four men we're arrested to-
day after the car in which
they we're riding crashed
through the fence at the
Mcmillan Reservoir at the top
of Fourth street NV. Police
said the car was stolen.
Charged with unauthorized
use were: Marx r. Jackson.
20. of the 400 block of Varnum
street NV, described as the
driver; James P. McI.ane, 81,
of the 1900 block of Columbia
street NV; Cornelius McGill.
20, of the 900 block of I street
NE, and Richard H. Taylor,
81. of the 700 block OF Colum-
bia road NV.
Police Pvts. James F. Turner
and Vernon B. Jones said they
began chasing the car after
they saw it racing in the 200
block Of Florida avenue NV.
They estimated the pursued
car hit 80 miles an hour before
it went out of control. hoped
a curb and took a 20-foot Sec
ton out of the fence, then
smashed into a culvert about
five feet from the waters edge.
BY that time several police
cars had entered the chase.
Six men in the car scattered,
and four of them were gathered
up near the scene. Police are
looking for two others.
Police said the car was a
1859 Cadillac stolen about
midnight from the home Of
Miss Jane Steward, 81. OF 33
v street NV. and employe of
the Peace Corps.
Jackson also was charged
with eight traffic violations
occurring during the chase.
Evening star., 1962-04-25
Ronger Expected to Hit
Moon Early Tomorrow

PASADENA. Calf. April 25
(APD.-As the sun rises tomor-
row on the desolation of the
luner landscape, United States
Spacecraft Rangers is ex-
pected to plunge from the
black sky onto the surface of
the moon.
Scientists say it will strike
the. unseen back side of the
moon at $50 am. EST, 63.9I3
hours after it blasted off from
Cape Canaveral - carrying
elaborate television equipment
and the hopes of Americas
lunar experts for a closeup
look at the moon.
The hopes were shattered
when a timer failed and halted
a sequence of maneuvers which
would have brought Rangers
television eye into play as it
neared the lunar surface.
Russians Did 1t in SO
But Ranger, as blind as :
plunging meteor, hurtled on
toward what would be a his
toric collision. If it strikes as
expected, Ranger will be the
first piece of United States
hardware on the moon. The
Russians hit it in 1859.
A tiny radio is sending out
steady beeps by which scien-
lists from Pasadena's Jet Pro-
pulsion Laboratory are track
ing Rangers flight. When the
beepS stop, they'll know it has
hit.
At $50 am. Washington
time, it'll be dawn on the por-
ton of the moon where Ranger
should strike-a dawn the like
of which man has never seen.
The temperature will be
changing from minus $50 de-
grees centigrade to plus 110I
degrees centigrade in the few
minutes it takes the blazing
sun to rise over the lunar
horizon.
Will Be Quarter Moon
"As we look at the moon
from the EARTH" said Howard
Pohn, a California Institute of
Technology researcher, 1T will