davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-09
BY WILLIAM HINES
star staff Writer

PALM SPRINGS, Calf, Dec.
S-President Kennedy rested
tonight at Bing Crosby's desert
hideout 20 miles from here
after a strenuous two-day tour
of defense and atomic rocket
centers.
The President arrived shortly
after noon (PST) after a As
minute flight from the Nevada
desert. He had spent part the
morning inspecting a new test
center where nuclear-p powered
rockets are being developed for
future space use.
The atomic devices Mr.. Ken
nedy saw at Jackass Flats, 100
miles northwest of Las Vegas,
are not directly related to the
moon landing which he set
last year as the national OBJ
jective of the l960s. But they
are needed, virtually all ex-
perts agree, for the deeper
space missions of the l970s,
towards the planets Mars and
Venus.
Kennedy Sees ReactOr
The President was briefed at
the Nevada site by Atomic
Energy Commission Chairman
Glenn T. Seaborg and Harold
B. Finger, who heads the Joint
Acc Space Agency nuclear
rocket office in Washington.
Assisting them we're officials
of the Aces Nevada opera
tions office and the Los Alamos
IN. Mex scientific laboratory,
which is in charge of designing
the reactors for space use.
Mr.. Kennedy got his closest
experience to date with the
silent fury Of the atom in the
course of his tour Of Jackass
Flats.
In a test building, he was
shielded by 6 feet of lead
impregnated glass and mineral
oil as he gazed into a reinforced
cell where a reactor was being
disassembled.
Kennedy Tries Controls
The reactor, of the "Kiwi"
series of documentary, nonfly-
able test devices, was operated
under partial power at the
Nevada site eight days ago.
Its interior parts are still so
radioactive that brief exposure
to them would kill or disable a
human. Disassembly work was
being done by remote-control
manipulators.
Mr.. Kennedy tried his hand
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-09

what some police officials
called the mad stranger" All
the deaths are unsolved.
The fiendish crimes, all Of
which bore certain similarities,
forced many women residents.
particularly those living alone,
to take special precautions.
Many of these women had
Just begun to resume normal
living habits when death struck
again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-09
BY GERARD r. WEIDMANN
Special to The Star

BOSTON, Dec. 1.-TWO stran-
gulation murders Of women in
the Boston area within the past
five days have brought back
the anxiety and apprehension
that gripped residents here last
summer.
From June to August six
women died at the hands of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-09

at the manipulators, with
which trained operators can do
intricate tasks at a distance.
DR., Keith Boyer, Los Alamos
project chief at the Nevada
site. commented that the Pres
ident was "very dextrous" in
his use of the devices. Mr.. Ken
nedy caused them to pick UP a
metal part and move it around
so he could get a better look.
The President also got a brief
tour Of more advanced tests
equipment, which will 60 into
operation when construction Of
flyable reactors begins. This is
planned for about 1865. some
two years before the first nu-
clear rocket is actually tested
in flight.
Multi-BiIIiOn Program
Several billion dollars will go
into the nuclear rocket pro-
gram before such devices are
in common use in space.
Development has been under
way since 1858, at a cost
through the current fiscal
year of about $500 million.
There have been six "Kiwi"
firings in the last three years.
none at full thrust or for full
duration.
Rover Project officers are
hoping for more than $500 mil
lion in the fiscal 1864 budget
to be presented to Congress
next month. They hope this
will enable them to keep UP
with the 1867 first-flight
schedule - which is already
running one year behind origi-
nal estimates.
Rover Difficulties Told
Experts at the Nevada test
site voiced optimism in their
briefings of Mr.. Kennedy on
the Rover program. But pri-
vately they conceded the exist
ence of difficulties which have
not yet been surmounted.
One of the chief troubles has
to do with the hellish temper
atures developed inside the re-
actor core. Even the best met
ais melt and flow like water at
these heats. Strange blue sparks
apparently bits Of the re-
actor-core m a terials-have
been spewed out in some tests
The design challenge of
Rover lies in its size-power
ratio. Its core is expected to
develop millions of kilowatts of
energy, but its weight must be
kept down to a few tons.
Reactors more advanced than
Evening star., 1962-04-22

Former politicians and men eX-
perlenced in administrative and
other fields appear to have had
second thoughts about the forth
coming elections. At one stage,
1t seemed that capable men, eSpe-
cially in East Pakistan, were, more
or less, boycotting the elections,
both to express their broad dis
approval of the new Constitution
and to show resentment at its
failure specifically to provide a
parliamentary form of govern
ment.
Peoples Duty TO Serve
Then Pakistan'S premier daily.
Dawn of Karachi. which generally
reflects President Ayub'S views,
carried a strong editorial. 1t re-
minded these people of their
clear duty" to 60 into the legiS-
latures if they wanted to serve
their country and their provinces
and to give the new constitution
a fair trial. 1t said: If they do
not do SO, then inexperienced and
inept people will get in and the
interests of the country and the
provinces will suffer. Now is the
time for them capable mem to
show courage and not an excess
OF caution"
Most of these people, at any
rate, appear to be clearly inspired
by the strategy adopted by the
SWarajya Party in India. during
Evening star., 1962-04-22

planted. in many instances. by a
relief philosophy" a majority of
the inhabitants do not feel that
acceptance of public assistance
and relief is degrading; on the
contrary, it is typically viewed as
the good Lord taking care of me
because I've worked hard all my
life and prayed to Him"
Biblicism and Puritan morality
although no longer militant-re-
main the dominant religious ten
cts. Most Appalachianers profess
belief that the Bible contains the
literal and infallible word of God:
that drinking, gambling and keep
ing a store open on Sunday are
wicked and that prayer and re-
vival meetings are more impor-
tant than Church-SponSored COM
munity improvement programs.
Traditional fatalism has weak
ened. yet a true sense of social
responsibility has not developed
Residents concede the deSirability
of having better schools, better
health facilities and better gov
ernment, but reject tax measures
needed TO provide them. There is
general recognition that group
action is more effective than in
dividual effort, but attempts to
organize community projects that
Evening star., 1962-04-22
BY NARANJAN S. UPPAL
Contributing Writer

NEW DELHI. For the first
time since it's creation in 1947,
PakiStan is getting ready for elec-
tions to the national and pro-
vincial assemblies. To be held un-
der the new constitution promul-
gated last month, they have
evoked country wide enthusiasm
and almost every seat is likely
to be keenly contested.
The elections will not be on
the basis of adult franchise. A
total of $4,000 basic democrats"
forming the electoral college in
population of "a million, will elect
the National Assembly on April
% and the two provincial assem-
blies on May 6.
This month prominent lawyers
and industrialists tried to have
these basic democrats" elected
afresh because, they said, people
had not attached much impor-
tance to their election two years
ago, as at that time they did not
know that basic democrats would
form the electoral college. Presi-
dent Ayub Khan has turned down
this suggestion. Most of the basic
democrats. he said, had been given
short-term training. If they were
now to be thrown out, their ex-
perience would be lost and a vac
uum would be created"
The new constitution bans elec-
tions to the assemblies being
Evening star., 1962-04-22

out of the region between 1910 and
1860, bringing population and re-
sources into closer equilibrium.
But the present population of Sc
million is one-fifth greater than
it was in the 1930s. and the recon-
mendation then was for a sharp
reduction in the number of people.
With the migration of many
young adults, traditionally high
birth rates have declined sharply.
Yet among the remaining in
habitantS there is still strong
feeling that fate or nature should
determine family size
The average number of school
years completed by persons 25 or
older increased from 7.2 in 1850
to 9.3 in 1858; however, nearly
one-fifth of the adult population
has had less than five years of
formal education.
The average annual family in
come rose from $2.115 in 1850 to
$3,949 in 1858. But even this
level was we'll below the 1858 ma
tional average of $4,000.
Many individuals have moved
from rural areas, which are de-
pendent upon subsistence agricul-
ture and mining, to metropolitan
areas, which offer a greater vari-
ETY. OF economic opportunities.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
By WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

HONG KONG. - Red China'S s
first atomic eXploSion-a bomb
or device presumably of her own
manufacture-may take place at
any time, experts here believe.
They are surprised and puzzled
that it has not already occurred.
This picturesque island off the
south China coast is a superb
listening post for the mainland
in many ways better source of
information on Red China than
diplomatic missions in Peiping, cir
cumscribed as they are by sus-
piciouS and ever watchful gov
ernment.
The United States alone OBJ
tainS through various devices and
translates at least 10000 words
a week from Red Chinese publi-
cations and radiocastS. They are
carefully sifted and interpreted,
along with information from
other intelligence sources.
Here are some major conclu-
sions reached via this process:
o Red China is we'll advanced
toward her first A-bomb. II would
be diSmayed, but not at all sur
prised, if she started testing to-
morrow" one expert told me.
. Because Russia no longer is
taking up the slack, as it we're,
the United States 12-year-old pol
icy of economic pressure on Red
China is beginning to have no.
ticeable effect. A combination of
circumstances including bad
management, bad weather and
Evening star., 1962-04-22
New Conception of Democracy in Pokston Elections

contested on party basis. The
candidates are not allowed to ad-
dress public meetings or issue
posters. They can merely address
meetings of voters, organized by
the Election Commission. They
have to share the platform. They
are, however, allowed to canvass
personally
There are no clear-cut issues
which the electoral college has to
indorSe or reject The candidates
are to be elected to the assem-
blies on the basis of personal
merit" alone.
Condidotes Total 500
About 600 candidates, belong
ing to all shades of opinion and
including race course jockey, are
contesting the $50 National AS
sembly seats. Nearly 1000 have
filed their nominations for the
two provincial assemblies of $50
members each.
Only three of President Ayub'S
II cabinet ministers are standing
for the National Assembly. The
new constitution provides that
ministers would not be members
of the Assembly. But President
Ayub has indicated that he would
prefer those who have been re-
turned in elections, though they
will have to resign on appoint
ment as ministers.
Among other candidates are
Evening star., 1962-04-22

the early 20s of this century. in
the wake of the Montague
Chelmsford reforms. They seem
increasingly to appreciate that the
battle for constitutional reforms
is best fought within the legisla-
lures.
A majority of candidates have
announced that they would seek
changes in the constitution to
make it more democratic. Many
have said that they would seek
declaration of fundamental rights
and make them justiciable. A re-
noWned constitutional lawyer. 2.
H. Lari. regards the present con-
Stitution as a step toward re
Mobilization of real democracy
which our country fully deserves
and is prepared for"
Presidential Government
But President Ayub holds a diff
ferent view. Last week he reiter-
ated his faith in the presidential
form Of government which, he
thinks, is best suited to PakiStan
in the prevailing conditions. He
said in Rawalpindi: If the parlia-
mentary system, with all its
drawbacks. is introduced at this
stage, there will be another revo-
luton. certainly not of the type
of the October, 1858, revolution
(Which catapulted President Ayub
into power but bloody and de-
Structive one"
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Dubious Blessings
Of Famous Names

"I never thought" she says
breathlessly, that I'd be this
close to the President" Like
Lodge, Kennedy is always being
told that he looks or doesn't look
like his more famous relative and
he is sometimes asked to auto
graph photos of the President.
When toastmaster fails to in
troduce him as the brother of
-" young Kennedy is apt to
thank him publicly.
Neither candidate is prone to
dismiss the patent advantages
that lie in their names and if
he were, political friends and foes
would be quick to remind him of
them. There is obvious jealousy
among politicians in both par
ties over the fact that Lodge and
Kennedy get initial and signifi-
cant momentum from their
names. The crowds that turn out
are undoubtedly bolstered by the
lure of the names and a few
key helpers were inherited.
Genealogical Ride
But both men know that the
genealogical ride will be a short
one and that the voters will judge
them in the end as individuals.
They must kindle enthusiasm
with their own personalities, line
up their own organizations and
forge their own issues. The in
stinct is in their blood and each
has heard the techniques dis
cussed since childhood but they
have now got to do the job on
their own.
Experience is teaching that the
Surest political inheritance, apart
from the name itself, consists of
the older relatives enemies. This
is particularly poignant in the
case of Kennedy, whose brother
has been more recently involved
in Massachusetts, politics than
Lodges father Almost to man
the political figures who have run
afoul of John F. Kennedy over
the years are lining up eagerly
against Teddy. Already at odds
with the President, they have lit
tie to lose by taking on his
younger brother.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Hong Kong Hears Red China Has A-Bomb

more practical proposition. if any
Weaning is to be done.
Experts here doubt that a seat
in the u N. is of great impor-
tance to Mao Tse-tung. Desirable,
of course, under the right cir
cumstances, they say. but not
major objective.
By contrast with the mammoth
problem of feeding $50 million
people, industrialiZing a feudal
economy, and policing discomfort,
U. N. representation is a minor
matter. it is believed here &C GER
tainly not a commodity for which
Red China would pay a substan-
tial diplomatic price.
Bargaining on Formoso
United States policy at the U. N.
long has been based on the hope
that eventually. if Red China
were to be seated at all, it would
happen as the result of a bar
gain in which, at the very least,
Peiping agreed to renounce the
use of force in retaking Formosa.
AS seen from Hong Kong, this
is a futile hope.
Atomic weapons in Red Chinese
hands would alter the world bal
ance of power dangerously Given
Peiping'S adventurous and Zeno-
phobic foreign policy, they would
add greatly to the danger of
atomic war.
FormoSa would be the obvious
first target of blackmail. if not
Of the weapons themselves. The
United States would have to
counter the threat. if it were to
be countered; and no one could
Evening star., 1962-04-22

ure of the regime to make good
on roSeate promises, but there is
no evidence of organized discon-
tent. The young people have no
place to go. Chang Kai-Shek is
not considered practical alter
native.
. The Sino-Soviet split is deep
and real, though efforts are being
made to correct it. Russian and
East European diplomats are sub
ject to exactly the same travel
restrictions in Peiping as Western
ers. MoscoW's men may travel
lot more freely in the United
States than in Red China.
There is said to be a sign in
the Russian language II miles
outside Peiping which warns So
Wet diplomats they can go no
further without special permis-
sion.
Might Approve West
Experts here like to play with
the implications of the Moscow
Peiping rift. They believe the
time could come when Red China,
desperate to feed its people, might
be willing to moderate its foreign
policies in return for an opportu-
nifty to trade with the West.
There already have been bids
by Peiping to Canada and Aus
tralia for wheat, and to Great
Britain for airplanes. However,
any successful effort to wean
Peiping away from her Russian
alliance is considered to be a long
way off-and may never happen
at all. Weaving Mr.. Khrushchev
away from Mao is regarded as a
Evening star., 1962-04-22

outside pressure has produced
real economic distress on the
mainland.
. There is not, however, any
evidence that the regime is in
danger of overthrow or even of
serious challenge. There have
been no defections at all among
high-level party members and al
most none - only four in the last
three or four years - from the
Red Chinese armed services.
. Youth is disillusioned by fail
Evening star., 1962-04-22

guarantee that Peiping would be
successfully deferred.
In Hong Kong, however, it is
hard to dwell on an ominous fu-
ture. The present is much too
agreeable.
Chinese junks drift laZily past
ocean freighters in the harbor.
Pert Chinese career girls. wearing
side-slit skirts, run for the Star
ferry as New Workers run for the
subWay-aS if it were the last one
that ever would operate.
Hong Kong BustIe
There is a hustle about this
island city that is unlike any,
thing else in the leisured Orient.
The rickshaw coolies in Kowloon
accost you and give you a real
argument if you don't want to
ride. The city's 5000 tailors
scramble to make you suits or
dresses.
Inc bargains IN clOtneS, Jew
elry and cameras are not what
they used to be. but they are
still fabulous I got three suits
from an outfit called Mayai on
Nathan road for SAL each. They
would have cost $75 to $85 in
New York. Five years ago, they
could have been had for $40 to
S25 here.
Hong Kong, with its spectacu-
lar scenery, its efficiency. its
color-its happy blend of Occi-
dent and Orient would almost
cure a man of anti-colonialism.
The u N. committee which is out
to decolonize the world had bet
ter make Hong Kong its last stop.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
BY BARBARA BECKER
Contributing Writer

~~--N@N-A-e
Like Rip Van Wrinkle emerging
from the CatSkills after a 20-year
sleep, the mountain folk Of Amer
ica's Southern Appalachian region
are awakening to the tune and
tempo Of contemporary society
after more than half a century of
social and economic isolation from
the rest of the country. AS a peo-
pie in transition, however, they are
beset by conflict, contradiction
and confusion, accepting some of
the new, retaining some of the old,
and seeking to resolve or repreSS
whatever logical inconsistencies
may arise as consequence"
This appraisal of the passing
of provincialiSm" in the south
eastern highlands of the United
States has been made by a team
OF % research scholars in a sur
vey entitled THE Southern Ap-
palachian Region" edited by
Thomas r. Ford and published
by the University of Kentucky.
Aided by a Ford Foundation grant
of S250,000, the authors have at
tempted to re-evaluate the eco
nomic and social problems of the
Nations oldest and largest area
Of chronic poverty, which
stretches over 10000 square miles
of rough hill country in Kentucky,
Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia,
Alabama. Georgia and North
Carolina.
A Frontier Heritage
Early Appalachian culture was
rooted in the fierce independence
and proud self-reliance of its peo-
pie. Removed from ordered law
and commerce, the Highlander
was the sole provider and pro-
tector Of his household. However,
amidst the harsh realities of FROM
tier life, the doughty pioneers of
the mountains soon lost conf
dence. In seeking a plausible and
emotionally satisfying explana-
ton of their friutleSs endeavors,
they evolved a religion which
sanctioned passive acceptance of
their lot in life as Gods will"
and promised recompense in a fu-
ture life for their earthly misery.
According to the survey, "the
retreat into fatalism and Sectar-
ian religion was not evidence of
some peculiar and innate char
acter flaw. but of inadequate
skill and resources to control the
unyielding forces of nature. Once
they adjusted pSychologically to
their situation, though, there was
little motivation for many resi-
dents to resume the struggle
against nature even when an ad-
vancing technology was able to
provide them with better weap-
ons."
Evening star., 1962-04-22
BY CHARLES BARTLETT
Contributing Writer

BOSTON. The question of
that's in a name, a great politi-
al name, is much at issue here
nd two young men who bear
UGH names are learning the an
Wer firSt-hand.
1t isn't all roses for George
sabot Lodge and Edward M. Ken
edy, the most prominent names
n a small field bidding for a
United States Senate seat this
all. There is an inheritance tax
n nomenclature.
Mr.. Lodge and Mr.. Kennedy
re perhaps two of the most Wig
rous and attractive personalities
o enter politics in the last decade.
they started their 1862 race in
he early summer of 1861 and are
ampaigning now at a pace that
Fould do credit to most candi-
lates in mid-October. Their cam
laigns are well organized, their
ratory is excellent and their en-
rgy is boundless.
But both men have yet to make
me important breakthrough: the
eparation of their identities from
hose of their respective father
md brother. This will inevitably
Iome but is is coming with a
Qowness that is somewhat pain
ul because no one enjoys tread
hg constantly in the footsteps
If an older relative.
This Is Cobot's Son
An enthusiastic supporter in
Peabody is introducing Mr.. Lodge
% his friends in the City Hall.
This is Cabot'S son." he says
Iver and over without noticing a
aint vince that flickers across
he candidates face. Il voted for
tour grandfather" says a friend
v old man on the street. That
vas my great-grandfather," re-
Slies Mr.. Lodge, pressing to get
The conversation back on the
lopic of his own eight years in
Dwight Eisenhower'S administra-
ton.
In Dorchester a young girl
PUSHES up to Mr.. Kennedy and
trabbing his arm squeezes it hard.
Evening star., 1962-04-22

many former ministers and poll
ticianS, especially of the old Mus
linn League, Republican and ia
Mat = i Islami parties. A large
number of politicians have. how
ever, been disqualified from con-
testing elections because of their
shady past.