davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Politics.:
Fight Ahead

Speaker Mccormack said last
week he would campaign for
his nephew In the primary race
for the Massachusetts Demo-
cratic senatorial nomination
against the Presidents brother.
Republican National Chair
man Miller told . party meet
ing on Monday that the G. O, p.
must win In November or face
defeat in 1864.
The Massachusetts, Irish-style
Hatfield-McCoy feud between the
Kennedys and the McCormacks
appears to have at least one more
bristling chapter to go.
After Edward M. Teddy Ken
nedy, the 30-year-old brother of
the President who wants to start
his political career with a seat
in the United States Senate, won
the Democratic State Convention
Endorsement over Edward Nc
Cormack. nephew Of the Speaker
OF the House, there was some
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17

the duplicating evidence has been
produced. ION the basis Of what
we have shown you today" the Of
fetal will say, "the Ministry of
Justice expects you to retire" Fol-
low-up letters are sent II the in
terviews don't produce the de-
sired result.
Such tactful methods are deemed
necessary for a number Of reasons.
First Of all, the constitution of
the Federal Republic of Germany
declares all judges and prose-
cutors fully independent" of po-
htical pressures. Secondly, they
are all lifetime appointees with
pension rights written into the
law. This contrasts to the United
States where only Federal judges
and no government prosecutors
serve on life appointments. Ad-
ministrative dismissal Of the Nazis
is therefore ruled out; 1t Is nee
essary to produce discriminating
evidence. And thirdly, no one likes
to tell his colleagues to get out
OF office. Everyone involved in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Dirksen Tount

Senate Minority Leader Dirk
sen Of Illinois, q candidate for re-
election in the fall. tainted Mr..
Kennedy, whose battle cry and
promise has been ITO get the
country moving again." Mr.. Ken
nedy has got the country moving,
all right, said the Illinois Repub-
lican. but the trouble is that it's
lin the wrong direction"
Senator Javits Of New York, q
member Of the liberal wing of the
G. o. p, told a Republican rally
that 1.-THE biggest myth Of the past
two years has been the Presidents
promise to get the country NOV
ing" He said that America is
in danger Of webbing under the
Impact Of a major break in prices
on our securities exchanges"
(The report Of the New York
Stock Exchange on its investi-
cation into the May % break
in securities prices probably will
lead Republican speakers to keep
pinging on this issue. Accord
ing to the exchange, 1t was the
individual investor, not the big
funds and other institutions,
who rushed to sell. Presumably
many Of them suffered heavy
loSSeS.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Over-PopuIotion Threat to japan

hardly more relief. Japanese balk
at pioneering the chill northern
island and Government schemes
lag, through bureaucratic squab-
blings, lack of central authority,
dearth Of funds.
Legal Abortion
Minor relief comes from abor-
tons, legal here on several
grounds. Each year abortion totals
rise, as extra-legal loopholes are
found. Divorce totals are UP, too.
Greatest relief, potentially, lies
In dissemination of birth control
information and techniques. But
opposition comes from farmland
masses. some As per cent Of the
populace, living in feudal igno-
rance and superstition and even
from the enlightened intelligent
STA who call birth control "en-
forced racial suicide"
This is traditional farmer
fisherman argument: The more
sons, the more hands on the
plows, the nets; the more food
available. This logic is now but
tresSed by the knowledge that
farm populations are draining off
into urban Naturalization and
thus must be replenished by more
births OF more future hands.
Topographic Curve
Perhaps eventual urbanization
will flatten out JapanS demo-
graphic curve at the high level Of
ITO million in the 1905 but what
in the meantime? Even today
with prosperity, overcrowdedness
plaques a nation woefully under
supplied with natural resources.
Crime rates soar. mental illness
grows. and Japan still holds the
worlds highest suicide rate.
What will happen If recession
comes, II depression strikes?
Most Of all, ask experts, how
can an energetic people be pent
up and II so. how can they remain
passive or will they seek to burst
forth again as they did in the
past?
This is the big question. Can
100 million, ITO million people be
confined in Pacific island area
only equivalent to the State Of
Montana?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17

ular stress was placed on getting
the vitality important" tax bill
enacted. 1t passed the House but
has run into serious trouble in
Chairman Byrd's Senate Finance
Committee.
The progress came as the House
and Senate cleared major bills.
The House approved raising the
debt limit to 1903 billion after the
Republicans failed in q determined
effort to keep the increase to Sc
billion. The nearly party line final
vote was 211 to 1872. There will be
a fight in the Senate, but the
administration appears to have the
votes to push 1t through.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Money Bills

Much Of President Kennedy's
program is begged down. His tax
incentive. dividend-interest with
holding bill is in trouble in the
Senate; his medical aid-to-the-
aged bill has only minority sup
port in the House Ways and Means
Committee and may be blocked
there. His liberalized trade meas
ure has a long journey to make
before it is enacted. Ditto for his
farm and foreign aid bills.
The promises of action came on
Tuesday after Democratic con-
gressional leaders met at the White
House with the President. Partic-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
THE NATIONAL SCENE

act to bring them about because
he doesn't like the administra-
ton. Mr.. Kennedy said he be-
lieveS that. On the other hand,
the President can hardly expect
the opposition party to ignore
what could be major issue in the
coming campaign-the state of
the American economy and ad-
ministration policies in connection
with 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Continued From Page B-l

Continued From Page B-1
ting In basic industries will have
to be established.
THE absence Of any plan for
bringing the public interest into
play at a fairly early stage carries
too much risk of direct confronta-
ton between the President him
self and the private parties in
volved," he said.
When the United States faces
difficult times in the economic
sphere, such as it Is now with high
unemployment, q low economic
growth rate, insufficient expendi-
lures for plant modernization and
q bear market on Wall Street, the
political pot boils. The "outs"
scent formidable voting-gather-
ing issue and they 60 on the at
tack against the "ins."
This is just what the "outs," the
Republicans, did In full force last
week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17

Medical science has made mas
sive inroads into disease. Life ex-
pectancy in prewar years was 48
for men, So for women. Today it
is 81 and 645.
Here are other grim statistics:
638 persons occupy each square
mile Of Japanese soil, this rate
soaring to 1920 person per square
mile of cultivated land. a rate 80
times that of Canada, II times
that Of the USSR, and 124 that
Of the United States.
Limited Lond
Japan's population, accounting
for close to 3.8 per cent Of the
present global total, exists on land
only OFT per cent Of the earth's
whole. And that the nation will
have a 1880 population Of ITO
million before the Topographic
curve may logically be expected to
flatten out to a constant popula-
ton figure.
What can be done about it? Ex-
perts come UP with only partial,
long-term solutions. They talk
Of emigration, Of settling the
Sparsely populated northern is
land, Hokkaido, and grudgingly
they talk Of birth control.
Emigration Is no solution. Jap
anese are unwilling migrants.
Ships and funds are scarce. Only
a few countries-Brazil and Para
quay, and to a lesser extent, b.
livia and Argentina and Uruguay
welcome them as farmers and
fishermen. The great areas Japan
has long sought to penetrate-New
Guinea, Australia and Canada
are still categorically denied.
Emigration helped, in 1852
when q conquest-minded Japan
was able to resettle 1856, 900 cit
liens abroad, exclusive Of the mil
itary, in China, Manchuria, Mon
golia and the South Seas. But
with defeat in 1945, these settlers
flooded back-and the huge routed
armed forces with them.
Since 1850, when Latin America
signaled its interest only 10000
Japanese have emigrated. And
each year the population here adj
vances by IL million.
Hokkaido development offers
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Cnnff-ihrrfina Uesk..

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y-The
rampaging Afro-Asian bloc tore
up the U. N. rule book last week
- order to force debate on white
supremacy In Southern Rhodesia.
IN 50 doing, 1t prompted some
serious thinking about the future
Of the world organization in Afro
Asian hands.
To what extent does the "A-A
bloc" now control the U. N?
ls Russia winning over the
Afro-Asians?
Can A-A influence be used to
the benefit Of the West, or must
1t be written off as q perpetual
ball and chain?
Should the United States and
its allies press for weighted vot-
ing in the U. N. Assembly?
What happened on Southern
Rhodesia was this:
Determined to hasten the end
Of white rule In Africa, the Afro
Asians sought a u. N. platform
from which to denounce Southern
Rhodesia'S new constitution.
That constitution will give s.
100000 Africans Is seats in Par
Lament while 100000 white set
tiers will get so seats. The docu-
ment Is admittedly rugged to per-
petuate white supremacy.
A1geio's BIoodboth
Algeria Is going through the
final stages Of a convulsive blood
bath produced by q native struggle
to wrest power from a European
minority. South Africa and Angola
are in the incipient stages of such
a struggle. No one wanted another
bloodbath in Southern Rhodesia.
But what was not clear was that
q u. ". debate at this time would
help. The British argued that,
on the contrary, it would inflame
extremists on both sides. And in
any event full-dress debate
was due in September at the
next regular session Of the U. N.
Assembly.
The British seemed on the
verge Of winning their point; at
least their lobbyists had lined
up enough votes in the Assembly
to prevent the two-thirds ma
jority the A-A bloc needed. At
this point. the A-A's tore up the
rule book and railroaded through
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17

1t seems that neither he nor
his nephew Is in a mood Tor
quitting in the interests Of party
harmony" And Bay State OBJ
servers recall that nephew Nc
Cormack lost the convention in
dorsement for States attorney
general, post he now holds. hut
won the primary easily.
Thus, a bitter, divisive fight Is
likely to develop over the next
couple months before the rank
and-file Democrats 60 to the polls
on September Is.
In Connecticut, meanwhile. the
Republicans were healing q DO
tentially serious breach.
Defeated senatorial and Ruber-
Material candidates, Edwin May
and John Davis Lodge had indi-
Gated that they might force a
primary fight against the State
convention selectees, Representa-
tive Horace Seely-Brown and John
Alsop.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Rockefeller, Too

Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller Of
New York, possible 1864 oppo-
nent Of Mr.. Kennedy, also Joined
the attack. He noted that his
States growth rate had increased
under his friendly attitude toward
business and suggested that, while
nobody would oppose a tax cut,
the economy would benefit more
If industry were allowed a faster
write-off for new plants and
equipment. Most businessmen
agree.
No responsible Republican is
going to wish for hard times or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
By SUSAN WAGNER
Contributing Writer

FRANKFURT. - In recent
months. West Germany has been
In the throes Of a movement to
remove the vestiges Of Nad faint
from its judicial system. Officials
have been conducting q quiet but
intensive campaign to drive out of
office some 200 judges and state
prosecutors who participated in
NaE justice" d.
The weapon West German gov
eminent authorities are using in
this purge is q general judicial re-
form law passed by the Bundestag
last September. A two-sentence
section buried In the law offers
the former Nazis IAN opportun-
ity" to retire with full pension by
the end Of this month. II they
don't leave office voluntarily, the
Nazi FOLLOWERS face the threat Of
new legislation aimed at forcing
them out. This could mean loss Of
pension rights.
At the end Of World War II, all
judges and prosecutors In Ger
many were investigated. Many
were dismissed and some. like the
four pictured In the film "Judg-
ment at Nuremberg" were con-
victed Of participating in NaA
crimes. In subsequent years, evil
dence has beeen brought to light
duplicating many other judges
and prosecutors in the inhumani-
ties Of NaziSm.
Pressure for Retirement
Pressure for retirement of
these Nazis Is now being applied
under the new voluntary" re-
tirement provision Of the judicial
reform law. The new law does not
apply to all judges or prosecutors
who served during the Hitler era.
It covers those who handled cases
In which excessive" sentences
were handed down. Broadly speak
ing, this would cover punishments
contrary to human rights like the
death sentence for minor Of
lenses where Jews or political OPP
ponents Of the regime were in
volved.
When the West German parlia-
nient passed the law last year, It
was estimated that about 200
judges and states attorneys fell
into this category. Since then, the
number has probably shrunk
through retirements or resigna-
tons, according to government
sources in Germany.
The German Judges Association
has thrown It's moral weight be-
hind the effort to weed out the
undesirables. But the delicate
task Of negotiating with them has
been left to the Ministries Of Jus
tice in the 10 West German states.
This Is because German law en-
forcement is primarily in the
hands Of the states. There Is only
one federal court which acts on
constitutional matters like our
Supreme Court. Since none Of the
justices on this court are affected
by the Nazi judgeship measure,
the Bonn government has no part
in the present purge.
Compiling Of Evidence
It has taken the State Minis
tries Of Justice years to compile
evidence against the former Nazi
Judges and states attorneys. The
information has been examined
by special committees In the
states. And they, in turn, have
drawn UP lists Of the men they
think should be removed from
office.
The ministers have designated
officials to negotiate with the old
Nazis. In the course Of interviews,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
By STUART GRIFFIN
ContributinR Writer

TOKYO.-StatisticS clearly out
line the dimensions Of Japan's
prime problem, over-population.
Tokyo. with 10 million residents.
is still growing at the huge annual
rate Of 100000. Japan, trapped on
four main islands and a myriad
inlets. many unhabitable, races
towards the 100 million mark by
1870. Today, over 93.5 million are
cooped up in a land but II per
cent arabic, requiring % per cent
foodstuffs import for survival
despite advanced farming tech
niques, more land reclaimed from
the sea, and higher crop yields.
It is true Japan registered the
lowest crude birth rate in history
in 1861. True, too, that the con-
ventional difference Of fertility
between urban and rural areas
tends to diminish. But this Is not
the whole story.
An interesting fact is that fer
tility in terms Of birth rate was
only 1877 per 1000 population
despite the continuing marriage
boom among the young who have
high fecundity. This is a marked
drop from the prewar level Of 30
per 1000 and puts Japan with
nations like England Q6.5), Den
mark $3.50 and Sweden Q4.D.
More Born in Cities
Interesting also Is proof that
more children have been born in
urban areas, reflecting general
industrial prosperity. and that a
steep drop Is witnessed in rural
regions where birth control is
being pushed.
But again this is only part Of
the picture.
Japanese death rates have also
dropped. Death rate In 1861 was
only IA per 1000 as against 1853
per 1000 in 1885.
Infant mortality today Is the
lowest in Japan history, 29.3 per
1000 as against over 100 per 1000
in 1885. Now 81 of 100 babies
reach adulthood. The death rate
in Tokyo was 21.6 last year but
in rural Iwate, Japan's most i'm
poverished prefecture, it exceeded
ATS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Legal Abortion

speculation that the loser would
give up the fight. Perhaps there
would be an attractive political
appointment coming his way, or
a lucrative Job, the cynicS sug-
gested.
This may still happen, as some
still believe. despite the younger
McCormack'S vow to take the
issue ito the people"
But last week crusty John Nc
Cormack. veteran OF many q
political war in his native State,
let 1t be known that he planned
to campaign for his nephew in
the coming primary battle,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
West Germany Begins q Vigorous Campaign
To Remove Last of Maj faint From Courts

said recently that by the end Of
June, the judiciary Of his state
would be beyond reproach."
In 1860, an effort was made to
pass a law to force retirement Of
the Nazis in the judicial system.
But the move was defeated. 1t
was thought by the legislators in
parliament that the action would
magnify the problem and create a
Nazi scare out Of a situation in
volving only a limited number Of
people. The constitutional prob
lens were also seen as a
stumbling block.
CompuIsion Foreseen
Despite the obstacles, there are
many influential people in West
Germany who will press for enact
ment Of q compulsory retirement
law If the voluntary measure
fails. The Bundestag is committed
to new legislation which would
probably require q constitutional
amendment. 1t takes q two-thirds
vote Of the entire Bundestag and
the Bundesrat. West Germany's
second parliamentary house, to
make change in the constitution.
One person who viii continue to
fight to remove the old Nazis from
the scene Is Fritz Bauer, chief
prosecutor for the Land Of Hessen.
Interviewed in his office at Frank
furt. the emphatic white-haired
prosecutor said he was very in
terested in realizing the detectives
of the present law" but doubted
its effectiveness. The lack Of en-
forcement provisions renders 1t
"unrealistic," he said.
Bauer, known as the nemesis Of
the Nazis in Germany, said the
present movement to clear them
out of the judiciary was worth
while because 1t was part Of q new
German interest in examining its
past. During the cold war, we
have been forgetting" he said.
Now, the past is becoming more
interesting to U.s."
Victim Of Nozis
Bauer was himself q victim Of
Nazi persecution and spent time
in two concentration camps. He
fled Germany in the 1930s and
Joined the resistance in Sweden
where he became q close friend Of
West Berlin Mayor Willy Brandt.
He has been responsible for the
prosecution Of many Nazi Grim
inalS since his appointment to the
Hessen post in 1866 and gathered
much Of the evidence brought out
against Adolf Eichman.
Bauer does not believe, however,
the Eichmann trial produced the
current German wave Of retribu-
ton against the NaziS. Rather
the reverse" he said. 1.-THE new
deliberations cause the Eichman
case" The discovery of evidence
over the years, the new German
generation, the many books pub
lished about Nazi crimes and the
new economic well-being Of West
Germany have all contributed to
the anti-Nazi moves, he believes.
Since the end Of the war, $500
Nazis have been convicted Of
crimes in proceedings that cost
millions Of dollars when the coun-
try was poor.
Nov, we are not concentrating
on reconStructing the economy"
he said. With greater prosperity,
we can afford to investigate and
build up cases against the Nazis."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17

votes, so why get bloodied in a
futile struggle? Why give the
Russians a chance to befriend
them?
The British objected to this
strategy. however. and it was not
followed. -.
Many Western diplomats fear
that Russia will succeed in giving
the impression Of an Afro-Asian-
Soviet alliance, and that this i'm
preston will so irritate Western
public opinion as to produce a
ground swell Of demands to write
the A-A's off, to abandon the
fight for their cooperation. Moth
ing could please Russia better, it
is pointed out.
Appeals for weighted voting do
not have much Of an echo here.
The idea is regarded as imprac-
teal.
If voting were to be based on
population. the Soviet bloc, China,
and India would between them
have a majority. II and when Red
China is seated, the Sino-Soviet
bloc alone would have IS per cent
of the votes. as against its present
10 per cent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
REPORT FROM THE U.N
Afro-Asion Domination Likely?

Q decision that two thirds was not
needed-that a simple majority
was enough.
On the strength Of this deci-
sion, the Southern Rhodesia de-
bate was scheduled.
The Afro-Asians have demon
strated their power before, but
rarely has it been displayed in
quite such a naked form. The
Russians happily pitched in on
the A-A's side.
What did it prove?
1t obviously proved that, when
sufficiently aroused. the Afro
Asians can force a U. N. discus
sion Of almost anything. But this
Is not the same thing as forcing
action.
No one disputes the fact that
action requires two-thirds; indeed,
the U. N. Charter says so. And
the Afro-AsianS, even when Joined
by the Russians, do not have two
thirds. The two blocs have a max
mum Of 50 votes out of 104.
The incident did not prove that
the Afro-Asians have sold out to
Moscow. Russia joined them, they
did not join Russia. In fact,
though Soviet-bloc votes come in
handy, some Afro-Asians have
voiced private embarrassment at
the alacrity with which Russia
the worlds principal colonial
tyrant-jumps on their anti-co-
lonial bandwagon.
In the so-called Committee of
II, which is trying to hasten the
end of colonialism, Africans have
complained frequently that no
sooner would they agree behind
the scenes on a course of action
than the Russians, getting wind
OF it, would step up and propose
that course of action in public
leaving the Afro-Asians in the
embarrassing position of SEEM
ing to tag along.
Western Strategists, repeatedly
fall between two stools. AS in the
Rhodesia case. they neither sue
coed in curbing the excuses of
the anti-colonials nor do they get
credit for genuinely wanting to
promote human freedom.
Ridinu With the Punch
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
MiIitoy Strength

II votes were to be weighted ac-
cording to economic and military
strength, Russia would again be
given a much larger percentage
than it now has.
The scale of contributions to the
U. N. budget is a possible criterion,
but if the Russians paid their bills,
this formula would give their bloc
II per cent of the vote-more than
twice as much as it now has.
U. N. votes are already weighted,
in a sense. The United States
normally can line up at least IS
or 40 other countries in the l04-
nation Assembly. The Russians
have 10 sure votes, plus those of
or 5 fellow travellers. The Brit
ish have 10 or IL, the Indians a
minimum of 8 or 9, and so on.
influence is by no means on a one
country. one-vote basis.
Thus. the prevailing view here
is that, despite setbacks, the West
should continue with the long.
frustrating task of trying to win
over the U. N majority. This
policy is successful more often
than many people realize. And
no one has come forward with a
really practical alternative.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-17
Riding With the Punch

The United States argued pri-
Vately that it would be better to
ride with the punch and not op-
pose debate on Southern Rho
desia. The Afro-Asians had the
Evening star., 1962-09-02
st. CamilluS Parish

Large brick rambler. 3 bedrms.,
baths, rec. rm. Near express bus
Assume 41zes loan. Pay S134 per
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uE I-17n0 TIL. a.So