davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-04-22
By GERALD d. HEASTER
Contributing Writer

NAHA, Okinawa. - President
Kennedy's amendment to the
executive order governing the
Ryukyu Islands was met here
with disappointment, softened by
the prospect of increased finan-
cial aid.
Government of the Ryukyu
Islands officials, political leaders
and civic and business leaders,
though happy to see any positive
action by the United States con-
corning its policy toward the Ryu-
kyus, had expected the new order
to give Ryukyuans more autonomy.
Their optimism was the product
of wishful thinking printed in the
guise of news reports and editor
ialS by the Japanese language
newspapers here.
1t began last October with the
arrival of presidential aide DR..
Carl Kaysen and his team. 1t con-
tinued until the contents of the
new order were revealed here
March 20. During his 18-day stay
here Kaysen used extreme eau
ton in his remarks to the press
but this didn't deter local editors.
Possibility Of CiviIion
While the new order was being
drafted Okinawa's press was spec
ulating on possibilities of a civil
ian high commissioner with the
Ryukyus under State Department
control; complete autonomy for
the Government of the Ryukyus:
popular election of the Ryukyus
chief executive and a possible
timetable for the islands rever-
sion to Japan.
The Presidents request to Con-
gress to triple and, perhaps, quad
ruple the amount of economic aid
for the islands has caused out
ward criticism toward the order
to be mild even in leftist quar-
ters where vitriolic condemna-
ton of United States policies is
always loudest.
Although the prospect of in
creased financial aid was by far
Evening star., 1962-04-22

chauffeur driven. It always
amazes ones Russian friends that
Americans can and do drive them
selves.
Automobile Situotion
The cars cost anywhere from
$4,000 to $4,000 and waiting lists
are years long. The overwhelming
majority of cars seen on the street
are assigned to various govern
ment bureaus and to enterprises
and then used by officials and
executives ION business" This
latter phrase is interpreted in
Russia more loosely than the Bu-
reau Of Internal Revenue would
stand for here.
Moscow has two stations SELL
ing gas of a doubtful SO octane
and a handful more with 10.
There are no attendants-you put
the gas in yourself, wipe your
own windshield and put air in
your own tires. Then you take
your money inside to the cash.
Ter, generally a girl in a padded
coat. She watches through the
window to make sure you don't
take any more gas than you pay
for.
Obviously there is no such thing
as an oil change or a grease lob,
Foreigners have such things done
at the American or British En-
baSSies: Russian private drivers
make deals with friends" who
work in government garages.
There's not enough traffic in
Moscow to cause parking trouble
or traffic congestion. It's easy to
drive across the city of Z mil
lion in 20 or 25 minutes.
When I drove from Poland on
the main highway to Soviet Rus
sia, I found a gas station at the
border and sign which set the
tone for the trip, Next gas sta
ton ITO miles"
Truck traffic along the road is
fairly heavy but passenger cars
are few and far between.
There are a lot Of uninsurable
hazards. For instance, we lost the
"V" off the front of our car, both
outside mirrors and the top of the
aerial. What anyone wants with
such souvenirs" is beyond me.
The car is currently being re-
painted: the finish was wrecked
by youngsters scratching Peace
and friendship" America OK"
and similar slogans on it.
Question: What is the Russian
attitude toward the United States?
Answer: The Soviet anti-Ameri-
can campaign, domeStically at
least, has been a flop. Until an
American proves himself person.
ally Objectionable, all he has to
do to be popular is to be Ameri-
can. Russians love Americans and
it is probably the last place left
in the world where the people
think our streets are paved with
gold.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Argentind:
Grim Outlook

Argentina's army split into
two rival factions last week in
the cOuntry's latest government
tai crisis.
According to Argentina's consti-
tuition, the winners in last months
elections are due to take office on
May l.
This means that one-quarter of
the National Assembly would be
supporters of ousted dictator Juan
D. Peron, and that 10 of the II
provincial governors would be
Peronistas. Mr.. Peron'S rule was
marked by Fascist-like tactics,
with heavy rewards for the large
labor movement.
This constitutional fact of life
so angered the armed forces that
Evening star., 1962-04-22

a "craw in my throat" It's bril-
liant capitalist prosperity con-
trasts with the miserable poverty
of East Germany and most of
the rest of the Communist en-
pire; it is also the seat of some
mighty effective anti-Communist
agencies.
Moreover, fear-and even ha-
tred-of Germany is one emotion
the Kremlin hierarchy sincerely
shares with the Russian people
and the peoples Of such countries
as Poland and CZechoSlovakia. Be
ing anti-German is the political
equivalent in Eastern Europe of
being against sin in the United
States: nobody can dispute your
position.
The Red Chinese enter into this
too. Premier Khrushchev can al
ways point out that, although he
may be playing footsie with nom
Communist. but anti-Western,
parties in newly independent
countries he is firm and tough
about Germany. The Chinese
think he is too soft.
Question: That brings up the
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Recommendations

Last week, the Presidents
Committee on Campaign Costs,
formed last November 8, submit
ted its report to President Ken
nedy in which IL recommended
tions were set forth to improve
the financing Of campaigns Of
presidential and vice presidential
candidates.
Among the most discussed pro-
posals are these: To give the
small contributor up to $40 in
tax credits and to permit others
to deduct in full from taxable
income a maximum of $1,000 per
tax return per year, and to create
a Federal agency to report on
expenditures in presidential elec-
ton campaigns.
Evening star., 1962-04-22

the most popular article of the
amendment this also brought dis
satisfaction in some quarters be-
cause its use will be supervised by
the, United States.
Most political activity here re-
wolves around the question of
eventual reversion of the Ryukyus
to Japan. Among the Ruykyuans,
the return-to-Japan stand is
unanimously popular despite sta
tistics which show that the
islands are, in all ways, better
off now than they ever were un-
der Japanese rule.
Politicians Wory
The issue is kept alive mainly
by two elements: Politicians who
see in it the chance to gain votes
because reversion is an emotional
problem with both the Japanese
and RyukyuanS; and Red groups
who would like to see the U. S.
position here crippled because it
would benefit them and, undoubt-
edly, make the Red Chinese lead
ers breathe easier.
Many who are prospering under
United States rule here pay lip
service to the reversion movement
because it is either profitable or
popular.
The United States was given full
administrative powers over the
Ryukyus under the provisions of
the United States-Japan peace
treaty which was signed in 1851
at San Francisco. Okinawa is the
largest of the 64 coral islands
which extend over 45O-mile arc
centering between Taiwan and
southern Japan. About 80 per
cent of the nearly 100000 popu-
lation of the islands live on Oki-
nawa.
American military leaders call
Okinawa the keystone of the Pa
cific" because it is the closest
military base on United States
held SOIL to Red China. Only a
little more than 400 nautical
miles separate Okinawa from the
Chinese mainland.
This island is the only United
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Defense:
Money Voted

The Titan ICBM became
cOmbat-ready last week as the
Air Force tested its bomber
borne SkybOlt missile.
Congress on Wednesday
passed a S47.8 billion defense
bill.
There was a certain irony in
the news last week as Christen-
dom prepared to celebrate the
Resurrection of the Prince of
Peace for it was heavy with items
OF military preparedness-m missile
development, nuclear test readi-
ness and staggering fresh sums
for arms.
But the lessons of the last half
Evening star., 1962-04-22
The National Scene

news conference that after White
House study the commissions re-
port would be the basis of legis-
lative recommendations sent to
Congress.
The next move is up to the
President. 1t is mid-term in Con-
greSs and many major measures
still are to be acted upon. If Mr..
Kennedy desires the implementa-
ton Of any of the commissions
recommendations this year he will
have to forward his legislative
proposals promptly.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Campaigns:
The Little Man

A bipartisan presidential
commission recommended on
Wednesday the granting of tax
incentives to encourage more
individuals to contribute mon
ey to political parties. White
House promised follow-up Iegis-
lative proposals.
Political scientists a nd other
observers of the American scene
long have deplored the fact that
so few citizens engage in election
campaigns to the extent of con-
tributing money to the party of
their choice.
The disappointment has not
been solely tied to the fact that as
a result of this situation a COM
paratively small number of indi-
vidualS and organizations have
carried the financial burden,
leaving them open to the Suspi-
cion that perhaps something was
CAPCNGCN al 1CIO1 IL. vi 61CoOC4
concern has been the lack of
more direct participation in our
democratic system by the average
American.
The sharply rising costs of con-
Quoting political campaigns has
focused increasing attention on
this and other problems brought
about by the lack of a fair and
realistic system for handling elec-
ton contributions and expenses.
On the matter of higher costs,
the combined Republican-Demo-
cratic expenditures at the ma
tional level spent by committees
operating in more than one State)
rose from Sl16 million in 1852 to
S199 million in 1860, with the
deficit going from S5O0,000 to
SAG million.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Toward More + Freedom for Okinowo

States fortress in the Far Eastern
chain Of defense where Pentagon
planners can move troops and
weapons in and out at will with
out permission of a foreign gov
ernment. This makes the Ameri-
can position here mandatory and
sometimes makes the United
States-Japan-Ryuky relation
ship delicate one.
Troops on Okinowo
The combined troop strength
of the four services here has been
estimated at between $4,000 and
$4,000. 1t is the training ground
for the 3rd Marine Division; the
End Airborne Battle Group, 503rd
Infantry Combat Team, and the
Army's elite Special Forces, COM
posed of paratroopers who are ex-
pertS in every phase of guerrilla
warfare. It is also the home of
the 315th Air Division.
United States officials have re-
iterated the fact that they recog-
nize the Ryukyus to be part of
Japan and have made assurances
that the islands will be returned
to Japan when the security in
terests of the Free World will not
be compromised. It is known
fact that the status of the Ryu-
kyus will not be changed so long
as Peiping continues its sabre
rattling.
Most Ryukyuans realize that re-
version to Japan will be slow in
coming. This is the stand taken
by the ruling pro-United States
conservative Okinawa Liberal
Democratic Party, led by Ryukyus'
chief executive Seisaku Ota. The
gains made by the Liberal Demo-
Gratis in the past few years prove
that the reversion is inevitable
but-we-must-wait stand is popu-
lar with the majority Of the
islanders.
Liberal Democrats Lead
The left-wing Okinawa Socialist
Masses Party and the Okinawa
Peoples Party, which is Commu-
Evening star., 1962-04-22

Union trying to put itself in a
position where it will never have
to be afraid. China is a teeming,
overpopulated country and Soviet
lands bordering it are ominously
empty.
Food Situation
Question: What about the food
situation?
Answer: Bad. You can buy poor
quality meat in Moscow at astro-
nomical prices but it is virtually
unavailable in the rest of the
country. Fruits and vegetables are
in scant supply. There is no ques-
ton of starvation, but lots of Rus
slams are getting tired of soup and
bread.
It's against the law to send
food packages out of Moscow to
less happy regions so the railroad
stations are full of Muscovites
trying to find travellers to take
parcels to their relatives. -
Question: So what do foreign
erS do?.
Answer: The American Embassy
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Public Confidence

The commissions stated objec-
tives were widely hailed. 1t de-
Sires to increase public confidence
in the way campaigns are fl
nanced; to help the political par
ties raise funds; to reduce mount
ing election costs; to increase sig
nificantly the number of con-
tributors and Ito diffuse more
widely through the population the
sense and the reality of partici-
patton in the politics of democ-
racy."
Mr. Kennedy promised at his
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Life in the Shadow Of the Krem|in FrstHand Report

has a commisSary where Ameri-
cans may buy up to $120 worth
of American products a month
paying in dollars, of course. The
Russians are very generous with
foreigners as to imports and most
send to Copenhagen Free Port for
canned goods, cigarettes, etc.
Fresh foods come from Helsinki.
AS for fresh food, my wife says
it's just like being home in the
United States-just pick I'D the
phone and call the grocer. Only
in this case the grocer is 1000
miles away in HelSinki. He puts
the meat, fruit, vegetables, cream,
etc., on the train and you pick
it up at the Moscow station next
morning. There are no customs or
other problems.
The Night Life?
Question: What's the night life
like in Moscow?
Answer: What's it like on the
moon? The only might life" in
Russia is in a handful Of restau-
rants, all of which close at 1880
pm. There are no dance floors
and where there's some kind of
orchestra guests dance between
the tables.
To drink there are vodka, Soviet
cognac and Soviet champagne.
The latter two are not bad pro-
vided you have never tasted
cognac or champagne.
Most of the music consists of
American tunes of the '20s or
early '30s with some new pieces
copied note by note from the
Voice Of America.
The customers are gregarious:
the stays flock round asking your
date to dance. This is especially
true of Army officers in town on
leave. Many a tourist has consid-
cred it one Of her biggest and
most unexpected thrills to dance
with an air force colonel or
navy commander.
There is vast demand for space
in the seven or eight first class"
restaurants in Moscow. There's
always room for a foreigner but
a Russian has to be well dressed,
well heeled and we'll connected to
make it.
Question: What's it like to drive
a car in Russia?
Answer: 1t is easy If you can
forget about such decadent capi-
talist luxuries as service stations,
high octane gas and fabrication,
not to mention motels.
They scarcely exist and for a
very good reason-few customers.
There are no more than $4,000
private cars in the whole Soviet
Union. That is a generous esti-
mate based on the fact Moscow
. has $4,000.
These cars belong to top gov
eminent, industrial and intellec-
tual figures and are almost all
Evening star., 1962-04-22

Continued From Page Ell
House were to treat a labor union
which insisted upon an "unrea-
sonable" wage increase any gen.
tier than it did the steel COM
panieS.
Evening star., 1962-04-22

a pleasant way of life-but it has
kept the peace so far and, I think,
will continue to do so.
Question: Do they have air raid
or fallout shelters in Russia?
Answer: Every now and again
someone claims to have informa-
ton that they exist. The immediate
question is: what good are shelters
If they are kept secret from the
people who are supposed to take
shelter in them? None of the mill
tary experts at any Western En-
basSy in Moscow has been able to
detect a single shelter.
Question: What are the COM
mercials like on Russian televi-
sion?
Answer: There aren't any. The
Communist government owns the
TV stations and also makes all
the products that might be ad-
vertised. OF course, one could ar
que that the day-long plugs for
the Communist Party constitute
commercials.
The TeIevision Programs
Question: Well what are the
programs like?
Answer: Except for dreary lee
lures, there are very few programs
produced exclusively for TV. 1t is
mostly devoted to sports events,
plays, operas and concerts tele-
viSed directly from the hall, and
to movies. The movies are just as
violent as anything on United
States screens, if not more so.
But with difference. The
Russians have discovered that
people would rather watch good
guys" (Reds) fight bad guys"
(capitalists) with fists, guns and
Evening star., 1962-04-22

What's life in the Soviet
Union like? Associated Press
Correspondent Stanley Johnson
herewith presents some enlight-
ening answers to questions he
was asked most frequently dur
ing a recent home leave after
3l2 years in the Soviet Union.
From Russian TV to Soviet re-
latiOns with China, they afford
vivid glimpses Of everyday
Russia.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
BY STANLEY JOHNSON

NEW YORK.-Everyone wants
to unwrap the enigma around the
riddle that is Russia. The result
is a spate of questions asked of
anyone who has spent some time
in the Soviet Union. The ques-
tions cover personal and political
issues and here is a sampling
Of some that have been asked me.
Question: Do you think there
will be a war?
Answer: No. The Russians are
just as scared of us as we are
of them. The balance of terror"
is not very pleasant phrase nor
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24

Solloway-4o; ]. r. Foxwell.
James Cahall, william Dill,
Dewayne Dodge, all As.
In trap there we're " COM
peting. $50 targets) Top l0were:
r. L. Pleasanton-50, lst place
purse; Harvey Whittington-49, /,
End place purse; ]. R. Fox
well-48, 3rd place purse; VIII
liam McMahan-48; LexFaries-
48; Charles Austin-47; Leonard
Voss-47; Tom Newnam-47; T..
Merchant-47; 2 tied with 46.
Money sheets are held on
Wednesday nights at $50. There
will be no shoot this Saturday,
May 20, due to the Delaware
State shoot being held at the
Wilmington Trap Association
grounds near Glasgow, Della
ware on Saturday and Sunday,
May 26 and 27.
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24

ment.
The cost of any surveys nee
essary TO carry out the purposes
of Congressman McDowell's
plan would be borne by the
State of Delaware.
Under existing law, land such
as that at Fort Miles would
be made available to Delaware
for park purposes at 50percent
of the fair market value.
However, Fort Miles pre-
sents special case, inasmuch
as Delaware originally ceded
part of the land to the Federal
Government for nominal sums.
The General Assembly at its
lo4l session ceded 800 feet
of beach land, ZOO feet deep
from the low water mark, to
the government "upon the ex-
press condition that said land
shall be used for national de-
tense purposes or other gov
ernmental purposes of the u
nited States.
Other parts of the reservation
we're sold to the government by
the town of Lewes, the treasurer
of Sussex County and eight COM
panies and individuals. Total
compensation for the l,OlO
acres originally involved a
mounted to only SOS, 900.
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24
Magnolia Man
Wins Gun Club
Championship

R. Leon Pleasanton of Mag :
nolia, Delaware was declared
winner of the Kenton Gun Club
championship match held Satur-
day and Sunday. May l9 and 20.
He scored SO out of 100. There
were l9 competing for the high
over all purse. The top 10
scores were: R. L. Pleasan-
ton, go; Bill Mcmahon, 90;
Charles Austin, SO; ]. R. Fox
well, 90; Lex FAIRIES, 81; Will
liam Dill. 81; James Cahall,
go; Karl Gebhart 80; R. A.
Rowden. 88; Harvey Whiting
ton, 88.
Competing in skeet were %.
$50 targets) Top 10 were: R.
A. Rowden-49, lst place purse;
r. L. Pleasanton-49, End place
purse; william McMahan -48,
3rd place purse; Jack Redman-
AZ; Joe Kulp-47; Charles Aus
tin-46; Karl Gebhart-46; Ben
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24
National Guard

The units attending the August
camp will be Headquarters De-
tachment (half of the unit);
Headquarters Battery 26lst Ar
tillery Brigade, Wilmington;
Second Battalion l0oth Artill-
cry, Dover; Third Battalion,
l98th Artillery, Georgetown;
Fifth Battalion, lo8th Artillery,
Laurel; 287th Army Band, Will
mington; and 249th Ordnance
Company, Middletown.
In addition to the summer
camp, many Delaware Army
National Guard officers will
also attend the rwo-week active
duty phase of u. S. Army Re-
serve School courses in which
they are enrolled.
These courses, dates and To-
cations are: Air Defense Care
er Course, June 1870, Fort
Bliss, Tex; Chaplain Career
Course, June 1870, Fort Knox,
KY; Ordnance Career Course,
Aug. 5-l8, Aberdeen Proving
Grounds, Md, First Year Com
mand and General Staff, July
l-July IA, Indiantown Gap, Pa;
Third Year Command and Cen
eral Staff, July 9-Aug. l l, Fort
Knox; Fourth Year Command
and General Staff, July LA,
Fort Knox.
Colonel Dugan, for whom the
camps are named, retired Ap-
ril / after 46 years with the
Guard. He was honored last
Saturday when Governor Ebert
N. Carvel presented him with
the States highest military a.
ward, the Conspicuous Service
Cross.
Colonel Dugan enlisted in the
Guard in old Company F, lst
Delaware Infantry, and was as
sociated continuously with the
Guard until his retirement last
month. Though he was placed
on the military retired list in
1851, he continued to serve ina
civilian capacity as executive
officer In the State Adjutant
Generals office.
His last assignment before
retiring was the supervision of
all the administrative details
connected with the Delaware
Guards partial mobilization for
the Berlin crisis. II was the
fifth Guard mobilization in
which he had a part.
He was also veterans SER
vice officer for the State, and.
has always been active in vet
erans' affairs. He is a past
National Vice Commander of the
American Legion, and was one
of the founders of Delaware
Post No. /, of which he is a
past commander. He is also
a member of the Veterans of
Foreign Wars.
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24

Stoltfus, Worton, Md, $500.
The elevated water tank has a
capacity of $50. 900 gallons. Gil
more reported on tabulation of
delinquent tax collections, with
5000 outstanding representing
less than one percent.
A voice vote was held TO
adopt a resolution favoring sup
porting Shell Oil. The result,
Frank Greenwell, no; Mayor
Robert Riddagh, Glenn Busker,
George Bryson, Robert Boyer,
and Guy M. Edmondson, Jr.,
yes.
Glenn Busker presented a
resolution to take steps to adopt
a zoning code, to publish the
intent to zone, which was un-
animously carried.
Request by Chief of Police
John w. Jacobs, Jr. to placed
on pension was granted.
Smyrna times., 1962-05-24
PTA
a past presidents pin by MIR.
Reynolds.

a past presidents pin by MIR.
Reynolds.
Sergt. Hazard presented to
Mrs. Margaret M. ONeill,
president of the school board,
a check from the PTA for SlOl5
for the school band uniform
fund.
Mrs. Mary Johnson, program
chairman, presented A. Rodney
Daniels, director of the high
school band, who played sew
eral selections.
Einar Bergh, Norwegian ex-
change student, and member of
the band, told of differences
between schools in Norway and
here. Refreshments we're SER
we'd by Mrs. James Leager and
Mrs. William Voshell.