davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-04-24
Europeans Fear U.S.-Red Deals

Kroll. were not his own but
we're inspired by the second
political echelon in Bonn.
Despite numerous denials
both from Bonn and Mos
COW, there is little doubt
that Mr.. Khrushchev has
offered a solution to the
question of Berlin and Ger
man unity pleasing to Bonn
but on the condition that
Germany agree to weaken
its ties with the North At
lantic Treaty Organization.
This was rejected.
1t is interesting to note
that two of the greatest OPP
ponents of communism in
Europe, GeneraliSSimo Fran
cisco Franco and Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer, appear to
believe that there is a trend
toward a change in the USSR.
Both men attribute this to
the fact that a new genera
ton of intellectuals, scien-
lists and skilled workers who
had nothing to do with the
Bolshevik Revolution is de-
veloping, and is making an
impact on the Kremlin with
the demands for a better
living.
Our Western allies want to
eradicate he Communist
cancer. But should We move
toward more appeasement,
there is no doubt that they
can make their deal with
Russia. at advantageous
terms, long before we do.
Evening star., 1962-04-24
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

No wonder the Kennedys spend much time at Palm
Beach would you every day thousands of sight
trooped through house in Washington tracking
mud all the rugs?
bells jingle gamma ray. OH let's hope when faou comes,
it won't fall out this
Texan is investigated for dealing in non-eXistent
fertilizer But isn't non-eXstent fertilizer just what
we need for not growing surplus crops?
Doctor What seems to be the rouble?" Patient Sym
pathetic glands doc caught the flu Channel g. polio
and cardiovaScular condition on T."
Right-wnger What doing to stop communism"
Middle wnger: you Goldwater and Thurmond haven't
even done that yet?
Gist of Republican complaint against Kennedy in the
steel dispute Not only he wrong in the Of naked
power he should have been just year ago
against Cuba
Evening star., 1962-04-24
DORIS FLEESON
Democratic Poll Backs Arguments
Of Strotton to Spur New York Party

New York City Democrats
who have consistently cold
shouldered their only active
candidate for Governor, Rep
resentative Samuel Stratton
of Schenectady, now have
some evidence that he may
be a prophet without honor
in his own party.
Stratton has argued for
months that Gov. Nelson
Rockefeller appears to be in
vincible for reelection only
because no one has really
checked his standing with
the voters. The Governor in
truth has slipped badly up
state, Stratton asserted, and
could be put on the defen-
sive in New York City if the
Democrats there would only
pull themselves together and
mount an offensive.
An effort pushed by Wash
ington to get the facts about
New York has now resulted
in a poll which suggests that
Mayor Robert F. Wagner
Evening star., 1962-04-24
Impotience on Literocy Tests

ministers its laws fairly and
doesn't permit either a white
or a colored person to vote if
a literacy test is given and
the applicant fails, then there
is no basis for litigation. He
wants to skip that step and
declare all persons literate by
law if they have completed a
sixth-grade education. Only
the States, however, under
the Constitution can legally
establish this form of voter
qualification.
Mr.. Kennedy argues that
Article /, Section 4 provides
that Congress may at any
time make or alter the times,
places and manner of hold
ing Federal elections" and
declares that This plainly
means that the State regula-
tionS on voting are subject to
some limitations that may be
imposed by Congress" He
then concludes: 81 think the
bill would be a proper limita-
ton under the provision"
But nowhere in the judicial
history of the United States
is there any decision which
says so. The times, places
and manner" of holding
elections have always been
construed to mean the set
ting or changing of the date
and place where elections are
held, and questions involving
honesty in counting ballots
in the election itself. The
word qualification" appears
three times in the Constitu-
ton, and in each instance
refers only to the power of
the States to prescribe the
rules of eligibility for voting.
This whole maneuver is
characteristic of the Ken
nedy administration. 1t has
issued many an executive or
der that has yet to be tested
by the Supreme Court. The
argument always is offered
that, because it is "cumber-
some" to amend the ConSti-
tuition, a short cut can be
taken by having Congress
act alone. George Washing
ton foresaw this trend as
likely to develop when he
warned in his Farewell Ad-
dress:
Let there be no change by
uSurpation. For though this,
in one instance, may be the
instrument of good, it is the
customary weapon by which
free governments are de-
stroyed."
(Copyright, 1862
Evening star., 1962-04-24

might be able to defeat
Rockefeller next fall. 1t sup
ported Stratton's findings
that the Governor had lost
ground upstate and now
stands below the peril point
at which he could compen-
safe there for the normal
Democratic vote of the city.
It also showed that he was
just about holding his own in
the city. This Is. Of course.
the place where Stratton is
not we'll known, and his stub
born efforts to enlist the in
terest of the city leaders
have so far been unavailing.
It is understood that Wag-
ner would much prefer to
wait and run against Senator
Kenneth Heating in 1864.
That race offers him many
advantages.
Keating is seen as not
nearly so strong an opponent
as Rockefeller, and President
Kennedy would be at the top
of the ticket. The Mayor
Evening star., 1962-04-24

ROME.
President Kennedy enjoys
popularity in Europe. But
European leaders are grow
ing anxious over the White
House advisers who. they be-
lieve, while outwardly giving
lip service to Mr.. Kennedy'S
policies actually are plugging
for the ideas expressed IN
their books and speeches in
the pre-Kennedy era.
w h e t her state socialism
comes to America is not of
much interest to Europeans.
But our foreign policy is. Our
European friends say that
the White House pedagogueS
are dedicated internationally
to peace in our time; do
mestically to a leveling Of
wealth. To obtain the first
objective. it is necessary to
make wide concessions to the
Communists. For the latter
it is necessary to spend the
enormous resources of the
United States.
This is a fine goal, say our
allies. But can it be achieved
in the present world turbu-
lence? Knowledgeable men
this reporter has talked to
believe the White House ad-
viserS consider that their
great plans for social engi-
neering are possible if pres
ent tensions between the free
world and the Communists
can be softened up by small
sacrifices on our part" These
can be obtained by conces-
sions at the disarmament
conference and a more flexi-
BILE attitude on the part of
our allies toward Russia.
1t is difficult to assess the
accuracy of these judgments,
But the fact is that today
Western Europe is thinking
in terms of economic ar
rangements with the Soviet
Union to offset whatever
political deals we may wish
to make with the Kremlin.
Europe is in a better posi-
ton than ourselves for eco
nomic transactions because
it is able to do so on a barter
basis. This is going on al
ready. Despite the harangues
of Premier KhruShchev
against militaristic West
Germany. trade between the
Soviet bloc and the Bonn
Evening star., 1962-04-24
Anquish of New Economic Ideas

chandise Mart, owned by the
Presidents father, with an
increase in steel priceSD
President Kennedy's ad-
ministration is on record as
being strongly against any
plans to control prices or
wages. There is no departure
from that position. Nor did
he begin a war against Big
Business. Nor will he. In to-
days world situation, busi-
ness and government must
cooperate for their own, and
the national, survival.
There is an awareneSS that
steel, and other industries.
need relief from increased
costs. Legislation already has
been introduced to provide
this in the form of tax re-
lief. 1t will be possible to
modernize some of the plant
processes when these mea-
sures are enacted.
The name of a steel states
man, Joseph L. Block, chair
man of the board of Inland
Steel, eighth largest produc-
er, arose out of the price con-
troversy. He is not designated
as such for having refused to
follow U. S. Steel's lead. Mr..
Block said, at the time of
his decision, that steel was
not receiving enough return
on investment. He is a busi-
ness statesman because he is
aware that the old cycle Of
initiation, which Mr.. Blough
attempted to continue, does
not fit today'S demands on
business or government.
We are in danger. The dol
lar is under increasing pres
sures. Steel is subjected to
even graver pressures. 1t is
not at all sure that, had Mr..
Blough's unimaginative de-
cision been retained, he could
have sustained it competl-
lively.
Mr.. Block insists that we
face the anguish Of new
thoughts and assist the Pres
ident in his attachment to
national responsibility. In
that way lies a solution to
steels needs-not in the old
inflationary pas de deux of
price and wage increases.
Evening star., 1962-04-24

ocrats will drift into their
September nominating con-
vention, undecided and dis
organized. Even if they
should then achieve unity. it
would be late for the build
up of their nominees, the
collection of funds and the
organizing of the campaign.
Evening star., 1962-04-24
DAVID LAWRENCE

Just as President Franklin
D. Roosevelt became impa-
tient with the processes of
the judiciary and asked for
laws to permit him to pack"
the Supreme Court, President
Kennedy now has started an
analogous controversy which
will occupy the attention of
the Senate for the next two
weeks. He wants to pack the
electorate by ignoring the
rules laid down in the Con-
stitution concerning voter
qualifications.
If Mr.. Kennedy has his
way, a rubber-Stamp Con-
gresS could at the behest of
a President pass a law max
ing children of IL years Of
age eligible to vote in Federal
elections.
The Constitution, of course,
specifically gives only the
States the power and right
to fix the qualifications of
voters. 1t reserves to Congress
merely the right to alter
State regulations as to the
times. places and manner" of
holding the elections them
selves.
But Attorney General Rob-
ert F. Kennedy, in a formal
statement to a Senate sub
committee, declares he is
tired of the bother of filing
lawsuits and says, in effect,
that it's easier just to get a
law passed to set voter quail
fications than to go through
the prescribed process of
amending the Constitution to
take this right away from the
States.
Now it will be conceded
that if there is any discrimi-
nation in any State because
of race or color in prevent
ing anyone from voting, then
certainly the Constitution
should be invoked to secure
equal treatment. This, how
ever, really isn't the issue, for
the basic question is how the
Constitution shall be en-
forced. The Attorney General
says that when the 18th
amendment was adopted in
1870 it became illegal to
practice racial discrimination
in the voting process, but lit
is necessary today, 80 years
later, to file lawsuit after
lawsuit to make conStitu-
tional command a reality"
The late President Roose-
Evening star., 1962-04-24
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Answer to Any Political Accords Seen
As Closer Trade Ties With Russia

republic reached in 1861
something close to S20e mil
lion. Enormous refineries
are practically completed at
Ingolstadt in Bavaria, where
Russian and Romanian oil
will flow to be refined.
Italy already has become
one of the main purchasers
of Russian oil. 1t shifted from
the American and Middle
Eastern product because the
Italian wizard. Enrico Mattel,
found it advantageous to pur-
chase Red oil at about Sc
cents per barrel less than
from the Western companies.
Russian economic agents
are to be seen everywhere
in Europe talking with the
top businessmen and offer
ing tempting deals. There is
no question that the Soviet
Union. nearly half a century
in existence, is in dire eco
nomic straits. 1t does not
want to part with its huge
hoard of gold, which it in
tends to use eventually for
political-economic purposes.
But it does offer barter deals
in goods and products which
can have no attraction for
the American induStrialiSt,
but are needed by the Euro
peanS. There are many
things they might buy from
us, but there is little except
manganese they can offer in
exchange. Europe needs
e many of Russlas raw mate
rialS.
StrawS in the wind have
been noticeable for some
time about the tendency to-
ward direct agreement with
the USSR. For instance, the
alleged blunderS made by
the West German Ambas-
Sador to Moscow, DR.. Hans
Evening star., 1962-04-24
Pnice-Woge Spiral Called Out of Dote,
Like Lack of Faith on Debts in 1890

was unwavering in his at
tachment to national respon-
sibility: "A bankrupt. faith
less Republic would be a nov
city in the political world,
and appear, among reputable
nations, like a common
prostitute among chaste and
reputable matrons."
This attachment to ma
tional responsibility is pre-
cisely where President Ken
nedy is today. When con-
fronted with the admittedly
poorly timed Big Steel price
increase, he had to choose
between the 100000 stock
holders of U. S. Steel and the
national welfare involving
180 million persons.
Big Steel should not have
placed him in a position
where he had no other alter
native. Now and then, busi-
ness speaks of getting into
politics. 1t may not be nee
essary to get Into" politics.
But decisions such as Big
Steels indicate that all too
often corporate business
leadership is utterly unaware
of the political implications
of what it does.
Steel has done its already
unhappy image further harm.
1t has beclouded that of busi-
ness in general. There was no
need to do this.
The President was in no
sense attacking free enter
prise per Sc. Big Steel was
free to maintain its price
rise if it wished to take the
competitive and public con-
sequences. Indeed, the con-
sensus was that the larger
companies would stand pat.
1t was not until leaders saw
the dangerous, complicated
consequences of their move
that they rescinded it. "a
further indication of the po-
litical naivete of some buSi-
nessmen was the childish
business of trying to equate
a few rental increases on new
leases in the Chicago Mer-
Evening star., 1962-04-24
RALPH McGILL

In the spring of 1890 the
Congress with a House
membership of but 60) de-
bated Alexander Hamilton's
bold plan of assuming the
Revolutionary War obliga-
tions of the new States and
of funding the national debt.
Two comments seem apro-
pos in our time when the
Republic, sorely troubled
with domestic and interna-
tional costs, seeks to estab-
lish the national welfare as
being an integral part of any
major economic decision.
There were those, in the
Congress of 1870, who an
grily charged that Hamilton's
report was purposely intri-
cate so as to "mystify the
common understanding" This
was not true. The report was
clear and detailed. The trou-
BILE was that the ideas were
new and daring.
Broadus Mitchell, in his
Alexander Hamilton, the
National Adventure" said
dryly of the complaints. mot
all (members Of the Con-
gress) submitted themselves
to what Waiter Bagehot
British political economist)
called the anguish Of new
thoughts
New thoughts usually are
an anguish, as they are in
our time. Certainly. the old
economic dance choreogra-
ply of raising wages and
then increasing prices sud-
denly is out of date. We see
it as productive Of nothing
but disaster in a time when
this country's dollar is under
tremendous stress and the
rise of European production
is placing increasing de-
mands on the competitive
position of many of our in
duStrieS.
Elias Boudinot of New Jer-
sey was floor leader, in 1890,
of the commitment to ere
deem the national faith" He
Evening star., 1962-04-24

the Republican women who
met here recently for a
national conference. They
showed more generous inter-
est in him personally, includ-
ing his divorce, than politi-
cally.
What the White House
fears is that New York Dem
Evening star., 1962-04-24
Push for Federal Voting Law Likened
To RooseveIfs Court Packing Attempt

velt argued the same way. He
wanted the justices of the
Supreme Court to decide
cases the way he wanted
them decided, and he de-
clared that he didn't care to
wait till enough vacancies on
the bench occurred to give
him the opportunity to ap-
point new judges who would
support his views.
The Attorney General says
that persons with a sixth
grade education should not
be required to take a literacy
test as a qualification for
voting. He feels that COM
pletion of the sixth grade is
sufficient without an exam
ination.
He could be right about
this as a test in itself. Yet
he ignores the specific OBJ
legation under the Constitu-
ton that if the rights of the
States - which include the
power to fix voter qualifica-
tionS-are to be changed.
then the Constitution itself
must be amended by a two
thirds vote of both houses of
Congress and ratification by
three-fourths of the States.
With amazing frankneSS, the
Attorney General proclaims
the rule of expediency and
the doctrine which has
caused the overthrow of
many an established govern
ment-the lend justifies the
means" He says in his for
NAL statement:
THE question is not
whether this bill is valid. but
whether it would correct the
situation"
Mr.. Kennedy. further on
in his statement, adds:
"I believe legislation, to
accomplish directly what can
be unquestionahly dom e
through litigation. is plainly
justified under the 14th and
18th Amendments"
But is this really true?
Litigation can be instituted
only when there is evidence
of discrimination in denying
the vote to anyone eligible
What the Attorney General is
proposing is that both whites
and Negroes, for instance, be
permitted to vote when they
have completed a sixth-grade
education.
He is ignoring the fact
that, if a State actually ad-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-15
ll:25 q LET'S TALK ABOUT.
Discussion. "Deer."

OISSuSSiONs OCCt.
l:3o g GEORGETOWN UNIV. FORUM.
Public Affairs. "Are Writers 0bsoete?"
PaneIists are authors Dr.. Riley Hughes,
Patricia Mceerr and James A. EIdridee.
q THE SEEKERS.
Public Affairs. team Of specialists
survey the most modern research and
clinical approaches to the diagnosis and
treatment of cancer. Or. Charles Topper,
host.
q NAVY FILM OF THE WEEK.
Public Affairs. Wife in the United
States Navy" The adventures of Navy
man in addition to the numerous jobs a
recruit may perform aboard ship. on
submarine duty or in naval aviation are
shown.
Evening star., 1962-05-27
MODERN
MANNERS
It's the Time for Wedding Queries
By CAROLYN HAeNER SHAW

but I have been criticised for
doing it. Am I right or wrong
that I think I can dunk 'em
and chew" while holding q
piece in my hand?
Miss J. P. L.
Answer: You are definitely
wrong. Waving an asparagus
stalk in the air, dripping but
ter all over the place, Is not
a pretty sight to the beholder.
When dining in public resist
the urge to really enjoy your
self, for the sake of others.
At home go ahead and have
fun if the rest of the family
doesn't mind.
Evening star., 1962-05-27
CLUB
CALENDAR
TODAY

TOUAX
Washington Club - Char
tered bus trip to Museum
Garden Tour, Winterthur IN
Del. Bus leaves club ut 8 am.
TOMORROW
University WOmen's Club
French conversation group
meets at 8 pm. At 5 pm.
following the club tea, Mr..
Robert c. Young Of the Chi
cago Tribune Press Service
will speak on highlights of
the news. Dinner follows.
Altrusa Society - Regular
dinner meeting with cock
tails at 6 pm. at the Broad
moor.
District Chapter, American
Business WOmen's AssOcia-
tion-Regular dinner meet
ing with cocktails at 6 pm.
at the Broadmoor.
Calvert Club - Monthly
meeting at the home Of Mrs.
Harry G. Headlee In Silver
Spring.
Evening star., 1962-05-27
Questions, Answers

Question: Can I eat aspar-
agus with my fingers? I love
them very much but some
how they don't taste the same
when you cut them up with a
fork. I see people eating
them this way all the time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-18

ing we meet 1t head on and
fight back.
Let's say the President is
given tariff-cutting authority
and the tariff fences protect
ing your industry go down
Let's say you can prove sig
nificant idling" of your factory
prolonged and persistent in
ability" to operate at a profit
and significant" unemploy-
ment of your company's work
ers. All these conditions must
be met if you are to be eligible
for adjustment assistance
and to your sorrow. you meet
them.
AS a businessman:
You would get technical as.
sistance from professionals il
market research, management
development of improved Of
new products. The experts vel
might help you work out {
program to modernize and re-
organize your factory to b.
competitive and efficient.
You would get, if you neec
it, financial assistance in tn,
form of Government-guaran
teed loans which might run a
long as Is years to help YOU
rebuild a factory or develop new
products or penetrate new mar
kets. You'd have to pay A pc
cent interest and indicate "rea
sonable assurance" that you'll
repay the loan. But the poin
is the bill would set up a $40
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-18

million revolving fund for d.
rect financial assistance.
You would get special tax
relief.
AS a worker:
You would get a "readjust-
ment allowance" amounting to
as much as IS per cent of your
average weekly wage for up to
a year with unemployment in
Surance benefits deducted.
Assistance Planned
You would be entitled to re-
training for other types of en-
ployment for an additional 26
weeks.
You would get another 13
weeks of payments if you reach
your 60th birthday on or before
the date you lose your job anc
you are mot undergoing APP
proved training"
You would get financial as
sistance to help you move tc
an area where suitable en-
ployment is available" and the
relocation allowance woulC
cover your reasonable expenses
in moving your family anc
household effects as well as 6
specified lump sum payment
Only if none of these move.
eases 1.-The difficulties involved
would the President 60 back Il
the old approach of increasing
tariffs or limiting imports.
This is new. This is bold
Here, the accent is on adjust
ment to competition, not on al
attempt to avoid it. For man!
years, foreign trade expert
have urged this. approach tt
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-18
BANK STOCKS

NEW YORK (AP). National Associa.
tion of Securities Dealers, Inc. Closing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-18
CorporateList,
TreasuriesGain

NEW YORK, Mar. II (AP) .
Bond prices reached their
highest level of 1862 this week
before faltering a bit.
Some treasury issues were up
"a of a point in the first two
sessions. BY yesterday this had
been trimmed to a maximum
q point. Most gains were in
the "a point range. The weekly
advance was the fourth in a
row but it was smaller than
the "a of a point maximum
the two previous weeks.
Corporates also posted a
fourth weekly rise. Until
Wednesday, based on New York
Stock Exchange trading, cor
porates had picked up ground
in 9 of II sessions. They were
mixed the final three days OF
the week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-18
YOUR
MONEYS WORTH
Heart of the Trade Bill
BY ZYLVIA PORTER

If the tariffs which protect
our industries and workers
from the competition of for
eign imports are reduced or
erased, many businessmen and
job holders certainly will be
hurt, at least temporarily.
How is the Nation going to
help these Americans through
the rough period?
The answer to this question
is the heart of the debate on
the Trade Expansion Act of
1862 which began in Congress
this week.
Under the proposed legisla-
ton which would give the
President new powers to reduce
our tariff barriers in return
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-18

for similar concessions by the
European Common Market
the Administration is proposing
an entirely new approach to
helping United States citizens
injured by imports. Instead of
curbing the inflow of goods by
high tariffs and quotas, Mr..
Kennedys idea is to let the
imports come in and then as
sist businessmen and workers
damaged to adjust to the COM
petition.
Challenge is Met
Instead of trying to avoid
the challenge of competition,
the Administration is propos-