davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-16

working condition. Then we
moved to New York and went
on from there. I still hold a
license as a plumber and an
installer of light and heavy
oil burning equipment in New
York City"
In between times, Big Sid's
father was in the construc-
ton business doing mostly
heavy contracting work. 1t
was during this phase of his
life that the As year old
builder earned the hallmark
of his trade his swollen fin
gers.
He said they are the result
Of running jack hammers.
bulldozers, backhoes and
trench diggers. I had to do all
those things because in those
days there was nobody else
to do them. When equip
ment broke down lit was fix
it yourself or do without"
he declared.
A Bare Concession
Now that he is in an ex-
ecutive capacity as the head
of Naham Construction Co.,
Big Sid has made a conces-
sion to his old way of life.
But just barely.
He still refuses to MAIN
tain a de luxe suite of offices
downtown and let someone
else oversee his jobs. His
compromise is an elaborate
Intersection trailer that he
moves from job site to site.
1t contains quarters for a
secretary and craftsman plus
a section for records, a kitch-
en-. his curved desk and his
files. 1t is equipped with a
half dozen telephones and
central FIN radio system.
One section of the trailer is
a commercial version he
bought on the market. When
he couldn't get what he want
ed as an addition, the build
er designed and constructed
two of his own.
Sid came to Washington
during World War II as a
construction superintendent
for the Navy which was in
dire need of a rocket COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-16
heavy cast iron, they would
do the job in aluminium.
SmoII-Fry Problems

With delivery of the lamps
went a warning that the
nantes were very delicate
and that any healthy kid
just couldn't resist the temp
tation to swing on a lamp
post. This takes a disastrous
toll on nantes.
To get around the Situa-
ton, Sid stripped the fluted
base off his lamps and sub
stituted a brick flower box.
The box is just large enough
to keep small fry from get
ting a good hold for a spin
around the pole and yet be
decorative.
At Eastbourne, the devel-
oper plans $50 homes located
on a rolling tract with grace
fully curved streets. They
will range in price from $780,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-16
Naham Wins
Hands Down
By Joseph R. Byrnes
Stor Stoff Writer

When Sidney CBig Sid
Naham lays his massive paw
on the polished mahogany of
his desk it is a study in con-
traStS.
Big Sid has never managed
to take gracefully to the role
of an executive. He is the
kind of man that has got to
be in the middle of things.
One look at Sid Naham's
hands will tell the casual OBJ
server that here is a man
that came up the hard way
and never quite got over
the habit. One finger is band
aged. The others, each as fat
as a sausage, are callouSed. A
manacurist could have a field
day with his broken nails.
Big Sid couldn't care less.
He talks with pride of his
ability to run any piece of
equipment on the job as well
or better than the profess
sional operators he hires. He
takes pride in ownership and
owns every piece of machin-
cry on his ambitious East
bourne project in the Spring.
brook section of Montgom-
cry County off Colesville
road.
Comedy Of Errors
He also brushes aside his
success as a builder today
now that times are good.
Building is just a comedy of
errors" he maintains. The
guy that makes the least
number Of errors wins"
He likes to bark back to
the 30s during the depression
when he worked in San Fran
cisco and New York for his
father, Louis Naham, 70, then
in the fuel oil and burner
business.
Nobody had any money
then" Big Sid explain e d,
least of all us. But my Dad
had a brother who owned a
junk yard.
Il went to work as a kid
for my father in his oil busi-
ness. After working all day.
1 went down to my uncle's
junk yard and started Scav-
enging parts"
Fleet Built Up
Before a year was up ]
managed to get II trucks in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-16
Lamp Lights

Deciding to go whole hog,
Big Sid went to Baltimore
and attempted to buy a raft
of dilapidated surplus gas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-16

900 to $33,190 for the largest.
Sales will be handled by the
T. N. Lerner Co.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Control to Stay
In State Hands

The control and operation of
education in America must re-
main the responsibility of States
and local governments and pri-
vate institutions. This tradi-
ton assures our educational
system of the freedom, the
diversity and the vitality neces-
sary to serve our free society
fully.
Let us put to rest the I'M
founded fears that Federal
money means Federal con-
troll"
From The Northwest Ordi-
nance of 1887, originally con-
ceived by Thomas jefferson,
through the Morrill, Act of 1862,
establishing the still-important
and still-independent Land
Grant College system, to the
National Defense Education
Act of 1858. the Congress has
repeatedly recognized it's re-
sponsibility to strengthen our
educational system with GU
weakening local responsibility
Since the end of the Korean
War, Federal funds for con-
structing and operating schools
in districts affected by Fed
eral installations have gone di-
rectly to over $500 districts
without any sign or complaint
of interference or dictation
from Washington. In the last
decade, over IS billion of Fed
eral funds have been channeled
to aid higher education with
out in any way undermining
local administration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Kennedy Asks Broad School Program
PARTIAL TEXT

FOLLOWING Is a partial tert
OF President Kennedy's edu-
cation message to Congress
today:
No task before our Nation is
more important than expanding
and improving the educational
opportunities of all our people
The concept that every Ameri-
can deserves the opportunity
to attain the highest level of
education of which he is ca
pable is not new to this ad-
ministration-it is a traditional
ideal Of democracy. But it is
time that we moved toward the
fulfillment of this ideal with
more vigor and less delay.
For education is both the
foundation and the unifying
force of our democratic way of
life-it is the handspring of
our economic and social prog
resist is the highest express
sion of achievement in our So
ciety, ennobling and enriching
human life. In short, it is at
the same time the most profit
able investment society can
make and the richest reward it
can confer,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Macmillan Fights Off
Censure on u. n. Issue

wholly contrary to what was
thought likely in San Fran
cisco in 1945," he said. 1T is
no good neglecting these facts.
We must understand them and
see whether a healthier stu
alton may some day emerge. I"
Deficit $1OO Million
Unless some acknowledgement
can be arranged in the Congo
very soon, Mr.. Macmillan con-
tinued, the U. MS financial
deficit may go to really en-
barrassing figures"
He said the present $500
million deficit will probably
rise anyway to $17O million by
the middle of this year." He
cited the large number of ma
lions which had refused to con-
tribute to the support of the
Congo operation and had not
even paid their regular assess
mentS, and declared that "un-
less member states face their
responsibilities and pay their
contributions the U. N. must
go bankrupt quickly"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06

assistance will be needed for
a longer term" Senator Gore
said.
Senator Gore added that the
38-year-old premier had given
the other Senators "the i'm
preston of firmnesS, ability
and courage"
Mr.. Adoula told queStionerS
that "the processes of justice"
will be observed in the prose-
cution of leftist former Vice
Premier Antoine Gizenga. BY
that he meant, Senator Gore
said. that charges will be pre-
ferred and a trial held for Mr..
Gizenga, who was ousted from
the central government post.
Much of the questioning CEN
tered around the lack of disci-
pline among some of the Con-
golese troops. Mr.. Adoula re-
portedly told the Senators the
solution is the creation of a
central armed force of dis
ciplined and trained young
men" for which he is working.
Lausche Impressed"
Senator Lausche, Democrat
of Ohio. who has criticized
U. N. military operations in
the Congo on behalf of Mr..
Adoula's central government,
said Mr.. Adoula Impressed me
very highly in the remarks he
made today. I am presently of
the opinion that the word
spread about his orientation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06

toward Moscow is definitely
untrue"
Mr.. Salinger said Mr.. Ken
nedy and Mr.. Adoula agreed on
1.-The desirability Of Implement
ing" the agreement under
which Katangese Leader Noise
Tshombe promised to bring his
mineral rich province under
jurisdiction of the central gov
eminent.
Mr.. Kennedy, Mr.. Adoula and
their aides met for an hour and
IS minutes after the President
had been host to the Premier
at a stag luncheon that in
cluded Vice President Johnson.
Secretary of State Rusk and
about 40 others.
Mr.. Adoula was entertained
last night at the home Of
Assistant Secretary of State G.
Mennen Williams and Mrs.
Williams. He spent the night
at the Presidents guest house.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06

families can borrow a part OF
it-but one-half of all Ameri-
can families had incomes be-
low $500 in 1960-and they
cannot be expected to borrow
for example, $4,000 for each
talented son or daughter that
deserves to 60 to college.
Federal scholarships provid-
ing up to $1,000 a year can fill
part of this gap. It is, more
over. only prudent economic
and social policy for the public
to share part of the costs OF
the long period of higher ed
ucation for those whose de-
velopment is essential to our
national economic and social
well-being. All of us share in
the benefits-all should share
in the costs.
I recommend that the full
five-year assistance to higher
education proposal before the
Congress, including scholar
ships for more than 100000
talented and needy students
and cost of education payments
to their colleges be enacted
without delav
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06

LONDON, Feb. 6 (AP).-
Prime Minister Harold Mac
milan last night overrode a
Laborite motion of censure di-
rected at his governments
gloomy outlook toward the fu-
ture of the United Nations.
The 67-year-old Prime Min
lister, roundly cheered by Sir
Winston Churchill and other
Conservatives, promised con-
tinued support to the U. NJ, but
said his government recognizes
the organizations peacemak-
ing role has been harmed by
financial difficulties and unex-
pected conditions that have
developed since its birth in 1945
The Laborite motion was re-
jected, 326-228, a vote margin
that showed Mr.. Macmillan is
still firmly in control of his
party despite grumblings from
some Conservatives.
Debate TumultuOus
In a tumultuous six-hour
debate, the Laborites ham,
mered at Foreign Secretary
Lord Home for his December
% speech criticizing the u. N
and especially its operations in
the troubled Congo.
Denouncing Mr.. Macmillan
as fumbling and indecisive
Laborite Harold Wilson said
his party would vote with a
clear and united demand for
the foreign secretary's resig-
nation"
Mr.. Macmillan replied thai
the U. N. "can never be made
to work" until East and West
resolve their differences.
1.-THE Security Council has
been made impotent due tt
conditions having developed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Americans Seen
Best-Educuted

To be sure, Americans are
still the best-educated and best
trained people in the world.
But our educational system has
failed to keep pace with the
problems and needs of our COM
pick chronological society. Too
many are illiterate or unframed,
and thus either unemployed or
underemployed. Too many re-
ceive an education diminished
in quality in thousands of dis
tricts which cannot or do not
support modern and adequate
facilities, well-paid and we'll
trained teachers, or even a suf-
ficiently long school year.
Too many-an estimated
million a year-leave school
before completing high school
the bare minimum for a fair
start in modern-day life. Too
many high school graduates
with talent-numbering in the
hundreds Of thousands-fail to
go on to college; and 40 per
cent of those who enter college
drop out before graduation.
And too few, finally, are going
on to the graduate studies that
modern society requires in in
creasing number. The total
number of graduates receiving
doctorate degrees has increased
only about one-third in 10
years. In 1860 they numbered
fewer than 10000, including
only 5000 in mathematics
physical sciences and engi-
nering.
An educational system which
is inadequate today will be
worse tomorrow unless we act
now to improve it. We must
provide facilities for IA million
more elementary. secondary
school and college students by
1870, an increase Of 80 per
cent. College enrollments alone
will nearly double, requiring
approximately twice as many
facilities to serve nearly Z mil
lion students by 1870.
We must find the means of
financing a rs per cent increase
in the total cost of education
another $40 billion a year for
expansion and improvement
particularly in facilities and
instruction which must be of
the highest quality if our Ma
ton is to achieve its highest
goals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Conclusion

The problems to which these
proposals are addressed would
require solution whether or not
we were confronted with a mas
Sive threat to freedom. The
existence of that threat lends
urgency to their solution - to
the accomplishment of those
detectives which, in any case
would be necessary for the real
ization of our highest hopes
and those of our children. I'll
a nation" wrote Thomas JEFF
ferson in 1916, expects to be
ignorant and free, in a state
OF civilization, it expects what
never was and never will be-"
That statement is even truer
today than it was 146 years
ago.
The education of our people
is a national investment. It
yields tangible returns in eco
nomic growth, an improved
citizenry and higher standards
OF living. But even more i'm
portantly, free men and women
value education as a personal
experience and opportunity -
as a basic benefit of a free
and democratic civilization.
1t is our responsibility to do
whatever needs to be done to
make this opportunity avail
able to all and to make it of
the highest possible quality.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Measure to Improve
Educational Quality
TEACHERS SALARIES

Strengthening financial sup
port for education by genera,
Federal aid will not, however
be sufficient. Specific measures
directed at selected problems
are also needed to improve the
quality of education. And the
key to educational quality is
the teaching profession.
About l out of every 5 OF
the nearly 1.6 million teachers
in our elementary and secon-
Diary schools fails to meet full
certification standards fol
teaching or has not completed
four years of college work. Oul
immediate concern should be
to afford them every possible
opportunity to improve their
professional skills and their
command of the subjects they
teach.
To help meet all of these
needs for better educational
quality and development, and
to provide a proper Federal
role of assistance and leader
ship, I recommend that the
Congress enact a program de-
signed to help improve the ex-
cellence of American education
by authorizing
1. The award each year of
up to $500 scholarships to out
standing elementary and Sc
condary school teachers for a
year Of full-time study:
2. The e st bills h m e n t of
institutes at colleges and uni
versities for elementary and Sc
condary school teachers of
those subjects in which i'm
proved instruction is needed;
3. Grants to institutions OF
higher education to pay part
Of the cost of special projects
designed to strengthen teacher
preparation programs through
better curricula and teaching
methods;
4. Amendment Of the Co.
operative Research Act to per-
NIT support of extensive, multi
purpose educational research,
development, demonstrat | o n
and evaluation projects; and
5. Grants for local public
school systems to conduct de-
monstration or experimental
projects of limited duration to
improve the quality of instruc-
ton or meet special educational
problems in elementary and Sc
condary schools. :.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Requests Greater Aid
To Hiqher Education

Between 1860 and 1870 it is
expected that college enroll
ments will double, and that our
total annual operating ex-
penditures for expanding and
improving higher education
must increase two and one-half
times or by nearly $40 billion.
In order to accommodate
this increase in enrollments,
the Office of Education esti-
mates that nearly $22 billion
of college facilities will have
to be built during the 1905
three times the construction
achieved in the last 10 years,
The extension of the college
housing loan program-with a
SIS billion loan authorization
for five years, enacted as part
of the Housing Act of 1861
assures Federal support for our
colleges urgent residential
needs.
But want to take this OPP
portunity to stress that build
ings alone are not enough. In
our democracy every young per-
son should have an equal OPP
portunity to obtain a higher
education, regardless of his sta
ton in life or financial means
Yet more than 100000 high
school seniors who graduated
in the upper half of their class
es last June failed to enter
college this fall. In this group
were 200, 900 who ranked in the
upper 80 percent of their class,
of whom one-third to one-half
failed to go on to college prin-
cipally because of a lack OF
finances.
Student loans have been help
full to many. But they offer
neither incentive nor assist
ance to those students who, by
reason of family or other OBJ
legations. are unable or I'M
willing to go deeper into debt
The average cost of higher ed
ucation today-up nearly 80
per cent since 1850 and still
rising-is in excess of $1,75O
per year per student, or $1,000
for a four-year course.
Industrious students can earn
a part Of this-they or their
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06

another meeting before Mr..
Adoula returns to the Congo.
Mr.. Adoula met yesterday
with President Kennedy and
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee.
His meeting with Mr.. Ken
nedy was reported by the
White House to have covered
the secessionist Katanga Prov
ince and the Congo's economic
ills.
More Aid Seen
White House Press Secretary
Pierre Salinger declined to say
whether any agreement had
been reached on further United
States aid. But reports were
that the United States will
announce in about a week an
increase in financial help, to
be channeled through the
United Nations.
During a cloSed-door tea
with the Foreign Relations
Committee, Mr.. Adoula was
quoted by the vice chairman,
Senator Gore Dernocrot Of
Tennessee, as expressing con-
fidence that unity, peace and
security" are coming to the
Congo. .
Premier Adoula told us he
thought military assistance
from the United Nations can
be withdrawn when law and
order are firmly established in
the Congo, but that economic
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
Special Education,
Training Programs
and dental edI

1.-Medical and dental edu-
cation.
The health needs of our Ma
ton require a sharp expansion
of medical and dental educa.
ton in the United States. We
do not have an adequate sup.
ply of physicians and dentists
today-we are in fact import.
ing many from abroad where
they are urgently needed-anc
the shortage is growing more
acute, as the demand for med.
ical services mounts and oul
population grows.
Even to maintain the pres.
ent ratio of physicians anc
dentists to population we mus
graduate so per cent more
physicians and 80 per cent
more dentists per year by 1870
requiring not only the expan.
sion of existing schools but the
construction of at least 20 new
medical schools and 20 new
dental schools.
I recommend that Congress
enact the Health Professions
Educational Assistance Act
which I proposed last year tc
(a) authorize d 10-year pro-
gram of matching grants fol
the construction of new medi-
cal and dental schools and (b)
provide four-year scholarships
and characterization grants fol
one-fourth of the entering stu
dents in each medical and den
tai school in the United States
2. Scientists and engineers.
Our economic, scientific and
military strength increasingly
requires that we have sufficient
numbers of scientists and en-
gineers to cope with the fast
changing needs of our time
and the agency with general
responsibility for increasing this
supply today is the National
Science Foundation. At the ele-
mentary and secondary school
level, I have recommended in
the 1868 budget an expansion
of the Science Foundation pro-
gram to develop new instruc-
tional materials and laboratory
apparatus for use in a larger
number of secondary schools
and to include additional sub
jectS and age groups; an ex-
pansion of the experimental
summer program permitting
gifted high school students to
work with university research
scientists; and an expansion
in the number of National Sci
ence Foundation supported in
Stitutes offering special train
ing in science and mathemat-
les for high school teachers
throughout the country.
The budget increase request
ed for this latter program would
permit approximately $4,000
high school teachers, represent
ing about 80 per cent of the
secondary school teachers OF
science and mathematics in this
country, to participate in the
program.
At the higher education lev
lei, I am recommending similar
budget increases for institute
programs for college teachers;
improvement in the content of
college science, mathematics
and engineering courses; funds
for laboratory demonstration
apparatus; student research
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06

1960s-and to provide every
child with the opportunity tc
receive a full-day education ir
an adequate classroom, a total
of 100000 classrooms must be
constructed during this decade
The States report an i'm
mediate shortage today of more
than $4,000 classrooms and q
rate Of construction which
combined with heavily increas-
ing enrollments, is not likely tc
fill their needs for 10 years
Already over half a million pu-
pills are in curtailed or half
day sessions.
TEACHERS SALARIES
Teachers salaries, though i'm
proving, are still not high
enough to attract and retain in
this demanding profession all
the capable teachers we need
We entrust to our teachers our
most valuable possession-our
children-for a very large share
of their waking hours during
the most formative years OF
their life.
Yet in no other sector OF
our national economy do we
find such a glazing discrepancy
between the Importance of ones
work to society and the fl
ancial regard society offers.
These are problems of ma
tional proportion. Last year
sent to the Congress a proposal
to meet the urgent needs OF
the Nations elementary and
secondary schools. A bill (S.-
1920 embodying this proposal
passed the Senate last year; an6
similar legislation Oh. r. 1900
was favorably reported to the
House by its committee on Ed
ucation and Labor. 1t offered
the minimum amount required
by our needs and-in terms OF
IacrosS-the- board aid-the max
imum scope permitted by our
Constitution.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-06
AdouIo to Visit Black,
More u. S. Aid Seen
BY The Associated Press

Congo Premier Cyrle Adoua completes his brief Wash
ngon visit today with call World Bank President Eugene
Black then returns to New York and possibly
ing with Russia's United Nations delegate.
The Premier met with Russian Delegate Valeran Zorn
the week end and aides said had requested