davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11
$500 mlllien
comes from
LOCAL FUNDS
SIS hilIioa
cones from
STATE FUNDS
81 billion
cones from
FEDERAL FUNDS

correcting the causes that keep people on
relief.
We must change. Public welfare must
have positive goal. The goat sIo~Id be 70
move people Of relief BY renewing their
spirit AND creating economic and social
opportunities for them. We must save
GJtews (rOws relief.
Before took Office year ago, prom
ised the Senate Finance Committee I would
reappraise the country's welfare program.
Months before Newburgh broke into the
news, / called together outstanding social
welfare leaders and asked them to study the
public-assistance picture and make recon-
mendations. From these proposals have
announced certain changes in our welfare
programs. Today ! am happy to discuss our
new program for the first time in publ.
cation.
Major objective: prevention. Through
our Federal Welfare laws we want to help
prevent delinquency, LEGITIMACY, chronic
dependency and family breakdown. We all
know stitch in time saves nine. Yet we
hesitate to take that stitch. Among the
children on ADO many are vulnerable to
the forces that produce delinquency.
If we know that particular child is
fatherless, deprived financially, living in
poor housing in bad neighborhood, with
a mother overwhelmed by worries, doesn't
it make sense to act early rather than wait
until that child commits some serious mis-.
deed? Of course it does!
Another area for prevention is the rise
Of illegitimacy at all income levels. Ofspecial
concern is the woman who bears repeated
children out of wedlock. Neither starvation
nor simple relief check offers meaningful
solution to her tangled problems. But care
full studies show that preventive measures
do work.
At home for unwed mothers in New
York, girls were given professional case.
work services at the time of their preg-
nancy. Eighty-6ve per cent, over lO-year
period, had no more illegitimate children.
The other side of the coin is seen in Mary
land study. Out of 100 girls who did have
more than one illegitimate child, only two
received casework services at the time of
their first pregnancy.
Major Objectives rehabilitation. Through
welfare we must eoaanvod on pope 10
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11

unemployed number about TOUR mllllOn.
Many are in economic disaster areas; others
are victims of automation. The Federal
Government does not contribute toward
general assistance. The program is in the
hands of the States and localities.
To correct other false ideas that are
widely held, you should also know that it
is far from easy to get on relief. Nor is it
possible to live in luxury on relief. The
average welfare family squeezes by on one
fourth the income of the average non-wel-
fare family. Imagine that in terms of your
rent, food and milk. You may read of one
family getting over $500 a month. Have
you read of SO other families who get less
than $85 month?
Studies have shown that fraud and
outright eIisesiRe amount 10 less asbs~
ssso per cent.
Relief costs have not spiraled out of
hand. While dollar costs are up the per-
centage Of our gross national product de-
voted to public assistance has declined by
about ii per cent since 1850.
That is the true picture of relief today.
Close to 90 per cent of welfare recipients
are too old, too young, too disabled to work
or are caring for young children. OF the
remaining 10 per cent, many would work
eagerly if they could find jobs.
2. A new ains in welfare:
save them from relief
But we are far from satisfied with the
current state of relief. Although our econ.
omy and our problems have become more
complex and our knowledge Of human be-
havior has deepened, we still go about pub
lie assistance the same way we did 3O.years
ago passing out relief checks without
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11
Where
Relief $$$
Come From

Aged men and women COM
pose close to another one third
of our relief total. Surely this
group of needy old people can
not be condemned as grafters.
Disabled and blind people &C.
count for half a million welfare
recipients. Nobody will quarrel
with their right to assistance.
General assistance recipients
(home relief include one mil
lion people "a surprisingly low
figure when you think that our
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-11

TINS WEEK Mose,i"s ! t.brUory u. 1862
Evening star., 1962-05-12
Center 10 Aid
World Visitors

Plans are being made for the
early establishment of q down.
town information service for
international visitors. the
Greater Washington Council Of
Organizations Serving Interna-
tional Visitors has announced.
Mrs. Richard Brooke Rob-
erts, secretary of the interim
board Of the council. said the
Meridian House Foundation has
promised financial and admin
istrative support for the project.
The council, she said, will in
clude more than so independent
organizations which provide
specific services for foreign
visitors.
The central infor m q ior
service will not supplant any OF
the services now being splend-
idly performed by the more
than so organizations in this
field" Mrs. Roberts explained.
"The information service office
would be centrally located to
direct foreign visitors to the
specific services and places
they would desire. We would
perform an International and
referral function only"
The council will have its
first formal meeting in the fall,
Mrs. Roberts said. Meanwhile,
the council board is working
out an operating budget and
other details.
Evening star., 1962-05-12
B-58 Planes
Again AIoft
AfterCheck
By the Associated Press

The Air Force says it ground
ed all B-58 supersonic let
bombers last month after an
accident, but is now returning
them to service as rapidly as
minor changes are made.
The Air Force would say only
that minor notifications were
being made. It would give no
details.
There are about SIS B-58s
based at Carswell, Tex, anc
Bunker Hill. Ind.
A B-58 crashed into q corn.
field shortly after takeoff from
Bunker Hill Air Force Base OF
April 70. The navigator wa
killed but two other crewmer
aboard managed to eject them.
selves safely.
The plane exploded when II
crashed and the wreckage wal
destroyed by fire.
On March 5, a B-5S. similar
to one that had SET transconti-
mental records thai day. crash
ed and burned on takeoff from
Carswell Air Force Base. The
crew Of three was killed.
On June 8, 1861. a B-56
crashed at lie Bourget Air Field,
France, just after that particu-
lar plane had established q
transatlantic speed record.
Three men, not the crew that
had flown it across the ocean,
were killed.
Evening star., 1962-05-12
Striking Lisbon
Students Freed

LISBON. Portugal, May IL
(AP).-About 900 Lisbon Uni
versity students jailed for stag
ing a sitdown strike against
Premier Antonio Salazar's gov
ernment were free today with a
police warning against any
more demonstrations.
A government spokesman
said, however, that university
members accused Of trjggering
a hunger strike by SO other
students were being held for
further questioning.
Student leaders called a mass
meeting last night to denounce
the university faculty for cali
ing in police to break the
strikes.
This police action has set
tied nothing" said one leader.
"They have arrested some Of
our group. but the determine
ton to go on striking for edu-
cational freedom has not been
broken"
Unrest was originally touched
off last March when Education
Minister Lopes de Ameida
banned World Student Day
demonstrations declaring they
were Communist inspired. AS
a result Lisbon University stu
dents struck and clashed with
police
The students have vowed to
continue to press demands for
less government interference in
university affairs and for re-
turn Of privileges taken away
for earlier demonstrations.
Evening star., 1962-05-12
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Friendly Division Within NATO

Indonesian colonialism.
Yet the United States is
doing nothing to prevent this
rank aggression. On the con-
trary, Mr.. Luns explained, we
forbade Dutch transport
planes carrying reinforce
ments to protect the Irians
to refuel on American bases.
This would have been un-
derstandable If these troops
had intended to attack Indo-
nesia. But what valid reason
could be given for such ac-
ton when they were intend
ed only to repel an action
which even the United Ma
tons might describe as an
aggression?
There apparently was no
rebuttal to Mr.. Luns' lament.
But. according to reports
from the Greek capital, the
lesser nations of the NATO,
particularly Turkey and
Greece, potential targets of
Communist aggression, were
impressed not only by the
speech but the lack Of an an
Swer.
The NATO foreign min
listers conference ended, of
course, in full harmony and
agreement" insofar as the
communicates were con-
cerned. All conferences do.
But, said one of the partici-
pants, 'the Russians have
succeeded in causing a break
in the wall which the West
ern world has been able to
erect at considerable cost to
the United States. and more
recently to the other mem
bers. Unless it is speedily
mended, the NATO may be-
come just another Maginot
Line"
This reporter has heard
there was unanimous praise
at Athens for the sincerity
and honesty of purpose of
Secretary Of State Dean
Rusk. But, said your report
er's informant. Does he
make or influence major
policy? He certainly did not
appear to do so at the sit
tings behind closed doors"
Evening star., 1962-05-12

allowing "sit-in" demonstra-
tions and fayors q constitutional
amendment segregating pupils
in public schools.
MIR. Sasscer, 35, an Upper
Marlboro lawyer and member
Of the committee which drafted
reapportionment legislation
which passed the House for the
first time in 100 years last
session.
In 1860 he won the Maryland
Junior Chamber of Commerce
Distinguished Service Award.
He is president of the Upper
Marlboro Lions Club, past pres
ident of the county's Young
Democrats, and chairman Of
the county bar associations
Legislative Committee.
Mr.. WheatIey, So. has sup
Evening star., 1962-05-12
RALPH McGILL

On May 10, 1924, in WASH
ington, D. c.. John Edgar
Hoover, a young asSis-
tant director Of the Depart
ment of Justices Bureau of
Investigation, was called to
the office of the relatively
new Attorney General, Har-
Ian F. Stone.
The scan dals of the
Harding administration were
breaking about the head of
President Coolidge. The for
mer Attorney General, Harry
NJ. Daugherty. had been one
Of the cabinet members deep
ly involved. The prestige Of
the Government, especially
the Department Of Justice,
was disturbingly low. So was
that Of the Bureau Of Investi-
cation.
Harlan Stone knew this. He
had made a careful canvass
of the department. He needed
a new head of the FBI. This
was why he had sent for the
assistant who signed himself
j. Edgar Hoover. Surprised,
and gratified, the young man
accepted, fully aware of the
enormity of the challenge.
Thursday was the 38th an
niversay of that appoint
ment. The United States, in
noting it, can call itself lucky.
1t is impossible. Of course,
for q man to occupy so sensi-
tive an office for almost 40
years and not pick up critics
and enemies. Some of the
criticism of him is, of course
honestly made. But, for the
most part. the opposition to
him is cynical and unworth-
lily founded.
Mr.. Hoover long ago be-
came paradoxically the Ma
tion's best-known and least
known man. Everyone knows
of him. Few know him
the man. His accomplish
ments are many. The
Evening star., 1962-05-12
Directors 3S-Yeor Service With FBI
CoIIed Magnificent Performance


thoughtful observer viii un-
derStand that the great pres
tige Of the FBI lies not so
much in its inspiring. almost
unbelievable success with
criminals, Communist and
Nazi subversion, and espio-
mage. as in the fact that it has
been kept out Of politics.
Just how the young direc-
tor managed 1t Is a mystery.
But that he did is one Of his
magnificent contributions.
It was not easy. There were,
and are, those eager to use"
the FBI. But although he
and the Bureau frequently
have become involved in po-
htical controversies, neither
has ever been ''in" politics.
To be in politics, a man must
be out Of the FBI. It is al
most a monastic organiza-
ton, insofar as the rigidity
Of its rules are concerned.
In 38 years there has been
no charge of bribery or cor
ruption brought against an
agent. These iptangibles of
integrity and character are
even more an accomplish
ment than the great stories
Of breaking the gangs led by
Pretty Boy Floyd, Baby Face
Nelson, Dillinger. and others.
There are astounding stories
of kidnapings and robberies
solved. There is the continu-
ing accomplishment of ex-
posing the activities and sub
versions Of Communists and
others who engage in such
activity. None of these things
would be possible without the
pride each agent has in his
job and associations. This
pride could not exist had it
not been for the character
Of the man at the top.
The diversity of the groups
in America which most hate
and fear the FBI is not with
Evening star., 1962-05-12
PRIMARY PROFILEs
Prince Georges Senate Roce Quiet

One of the crucial battle
grounds in the struggle to
topple Prince Georges domi-
nant Democratic Organization
is the county's State Senate
seat. But the fight between the
organization and insurgent
Independent Democrats for
that seat has been one Of the
least violent in the current
primary campaign.
The Independents are back
ing the incumbent, H. Winship
Wheatley, jr., Of University
Park, a former organization
supporter, against a Delegate
LanSdale q. Sasscer, jr., the
son Of the organizations leader.
A third candidate in the
Democratic primary next Tues
day is Edgar c. Partlow Of
Hyattsville, q printer, running
on q school segregation plat
form.
During the campaign the
candidates for this pivotal seat
have made few direct references
to each other. Mr.. Wheatley
mentioned that the Democratic
nnfnfnpa should have wears .f
experience to run for the Sem
ate. Mr.. Sasscer quickly re-
torted that he has served two
terms in the House, and has
been chairman Of the county's
delegation since 1859.
The candidates are:
MIR. Partlow. a law graduate
of Columbus University and a
typographer. who is opposed to
Evening star., 1962-05-12
Britain Offers to Raise
Tariffs to Enter Market

BRUSSELS, Belgium, May IL
(AP) BRITAIN, in hard bar
gaining to enter the prosperous
European Common Market, for
the first time has offered to
raise tariffs against British
Commonwealth nations.
A British spokesman called
last nights five-hour session,
the first to deal with specifics
on Britain's entry bid, "a step
forward" Common Market
members were reported not as
pleased. Talks resumed today.
The immediate British pro-
posal was limited to manu-
factured goods from Canada,
Australia and New Zealand
These goods now enter Britain
under a preferential-lowe
tariff system. AS a member
of the Common Market, Brit
ain eventually would have to
accept the same tariff system
as the other members-France
West Germany, Italy, the Meth
erlands, Belgium and Luxem-
bourg.
The British proposal would
abolish preferential tariffs on
hard goods from Canada. New
Zealand and Australia in three
stages, starting in 1865. The
second step would come in 1867,
the third in 1870.
The Common Market nations
objected to the British time
table and to British proposals
to extend preferences for cer-
tain products.
AL Commonwealth nations
Evening star., 1962-05-12

sion on the labor crisis, one Of
the severest Of his 25-year
strongman rule.
A communique issued after
the cabinet meeting made no
mention Of any measures to
deal with the labor unrest. but
informants said Franco and the
ministers discussed proposals
that would come close to meet
ing demands Of 10000 striking
miners and industrial workers
~ Strikers Demands
Gen, Franco was believed
baking at bowing fully to the
strikers demands to avoid the
impression Of capitulation or
weakness on the part Of his
regime. At the same time, he
was expected to order general
wage readjustrnents throughout
the country to head off q fur
ther spread Of strikes.
The government sets most
wages in Spain and strikes are
officially banned. But the
strikers-all but 5000 Of them
id the Asturias coal mining re-
gions and Bilbao industrial
area-have been off the job as
much as a month. They cite
soaring living costs in their de-
mands for the equivalent Of
about $2.1O a day, as compared
to their present $l.40 to $1.6O
q day.
SIN Barcelona, 500 university
students shouted insults at
Gen. Franco and voiced sup
port of the Asturias strikers
before police invaded the cam
pus and arrested 81 demonstra-
tors. Anttgovernment demon
strations broke out on the Ma
drid campus earlier in the week.
One striking group was al
ready claiming victory in San
Sebastian, where 5000 workers
struck q government railway
materials plant 10 days ago.
The provincial governor or
Evening star., 1962-05-12

apparent ratio Of 1874 units per
acre to the 1855 in reaching
their amended unit total.
A commission aide. however,
replied that current estimates
of the possible number Of units
per acre have supplanted. the
1860 ratio. which was based on
apartment densities existing in
1859.
A Prince Georges planner de-
ciared that. If anything, the
43, ,400-unit estimate was con-
servative. It represented. the
commission aide said, q 22-unit-
per-acre ratio while legally. an
average Of "a units could be
built on low-density apartment
land.
Evening star., 1962-05-12

ported the organization since
he began his public career with
election as States attorney in
1888. He was elected to the
Senate In 1854, but broke with
the organization on several
issues. including an UNDER
ground gas storage bill, during
his last term.
In the Maryland Legislature,
Mr.. Wheatley drafted a bill
making the presence Of a Fed
eral gambling stamp prima
facie evidence Of gambling.
County prosecutors have been
unable to convict under the So
called Wheatley law.
The incumbent worked in
Annapolis for establishment of
Juvenile and Peoples Courts in
the county.
Evening star., 1962-05-12

ticket paid for by that city's
Capital Citizens Council. q
Walter Stevenson, president
Of the Cape Cod branch Of the
NAACP, said q local committee
will greet Mr.. Harris and that
it has arranged for housing
and q Job for him.
President Kennedy and other
members of his family have
summer homes at nearby Hy-
annis Port.
At Nashville, Tenn, DR.. Mar
tin Luther King. jr., urged the
President TO display the sams
courage against segregation az
he showed In the recent steel
case.
The Negro integration leader
told a Fisk University audience
that "the high cost Of prejudice
is as damaging to our Natioii
las the high cost Of steel"
The Auburn (Ala.) Univer.
sity newspaper, The Plainsman.
came out with an editorial say
ing ''integration is the only an.
swer to the Negro problem in
this country"
It was written by Jim Dins,
more, a sophomore from De-
catur, Ala, and the son Of FBl
Agent A. M. Dinsmore, now sta
toned in Washington. ii
Representative Diggs, Dem.
ocrat of Michigan, suggested
the Marine Corps make recrea-
tional facilities near the Paris
Island, s. c., station off-lifnits
unless they are open to Negro
as well as white Marines.
Mr.. Diggs, a Negro. made the
comment In a letter to Maj.
Gen. A. L. Bowser, assistant
chief Of staff Of the Marine
Corps. He wrote that it would
seem TO him that this Is the
equitable thing to do since
certain off-base recreationsl
facilities are available only to
some Of your personnel" -
Forty-two anti-segregation
demonstrators convicted Of
picketing a motion picture
theater at Houston, Tex, said
they will go to jail voluntarily
Tuesday in the hope they viii
be pardoned by Gov. Price
Daniel.
Evening star., 1962-05-12
New Statistics SoIvo
Fired in zoning Fight

. The battle of statistics over
undeveloped, apartment-zoned
land in Prince Georges County
still goes on.
: Last week, the Suburban
Maryland Builders Association
caught the Maryland-N National
Capital Park and Planning
Commission with o statistical
slip showing-the amount Of
vacant land zoned for apart
.ment structures had been err
roneously estimated at 3.229
acres.
SMBA officials pointed out
that the 1929 figure represent
ed all apartment-zoned acreage
both developed and undevel-
bped. Commission aides agreed
: the figure had been misinter-
preted but declared that studies
on which it was based were ac-
!, curate. The MNCPPC said the
zoning tables showed that idle,
emulti-farnily land really totals
1885.
q This week, the SMBA fired
another statistic-barbed arrow
at the planners. A spokesman
for the builders said the 1885
sifigure, If correct (Which the
builders doubted, would pro-
vide space for only 1884,
+ apartment units, not the 43.40C
7 dwellings estimated by the COM
mission staff.
SMBA aides based their esti-
mate on q July, 1860, planning
commission study indicating
that 21,378 units could be built
.on the then total Of l.160 acres
zoned for apartments but va
cant. The builders applied the
Evening star., 1962-05-12
POTOMAC FEVER
by Pete Wyma
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Khrushchev says American rocket hit the
He too, because he's been glued to his TV
since he Just missed seeing Comrade Titov it,
Government proposes to subsidze farmers who
crop lands into golf If get up
food, Roger Blough always turn the steel mills into
victory gardens
says Gov Rockefeller believes the Eisenhower
mnsration did great job kept the peace bushed when
it spent too much moneyand painted the mail trucks red
white blue.
Historical notes: If Mark Antony had met Cleo
patra, we might still be calling her Mrs. Fisher
Q-Why do Supreme Court justices black robes2
A- you suspected what of your colleagues about
to do to the Constitution you'd mourning, too.
Evening star., 1962-05-12
Ribicoff Burs
Use of Sites
Showing Bios
BY the Associated Press

Secretary Of Welfare Ribi,
coff yesterday barred depart.
ment support Of any training
course where racial discrimi-
nation is applied to those at.
tending.
He acted after Representa-
tive Powell, Democrat Of New
York, complained in a tele-
gram that q Negro attending Q
course in Atlanta had been
barred from the dining room
used by others in the course.
In reply, Mr.. Ribicoff de-
scribed as completely repre-
hensible" the discrimination
encountered by Kirby williams.
A department spokesman said
Mr.. Williams is the son Of Mar
shall B. Williams, deputy chief
executive officer for the secre-
tary generals office Of the
United Nations.
The spokesman said that Mr..
Williams was enrolled in q
training course in venereal dis
ease control held under auspices
of the Public Health Services
Communicable Disease Center
in Atlanta.
While attending the course
on May 8, the spokesman said,
Mr.. Williams was barred from
the dining room at Grady Hos
pital, Atlanta.
Mr.. Ribicoff directed that "in
the future all agencies within
this department will ascertain
before sponsoring any training
course, meeting or conference
that the facility providing the
training will In no way dis
criminate against the partici-
pants, and that any eating ar
rangements made for partici-
pants will be available to them
without discrimination because
Of race, creed or color. Unless
there is assurance that such
conditions can be met the de-
partmental support should be
withheld"
Evening star., 1962-05-12
U. S. Probes Report
OF Gift Milk Sole

~ the Assocfated Press

The State Department is In
vestigating alleged illegal sales
In Brazil Of powdered milk do
mated by the United States.
In disclosing this. Press Off.
Ger Lincoln White referred tc
reported commercial sales Of
United States gift dry milk in
the Brazilian State Of Bahia.
He said the sale Of such
donated food products is Illegal
The Brazilian gov ernmeni
Thursday coniiscated supplies
of milk found on sale. Mr.
White said the Brazilians acted
on their own initiative anc
both we and the Brazilians are
currently investigating how the
gift milk was put on SALE"