davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
Laws of the Land

Whoever heard Of min e
men making laws in a re-
public form of government?
When I vote for a Califor-
Man to serve in Washington,
I do so with the belief that
he is helping to make laws
for 100 million Americans. I
want my elected official to
vote for everything that is
good for all Americans, and
to vote against everything
that is bad for all Americans,
I want the Supreme Court to
express opinions only, where
all Americans are involved. I
want Congress to act on these
opinions, and nobody else but
Congress. This way, I can vote
against them if they fail to
measure up, or if they try
to pull any tricks.
We are boiling over here
on the West Coast because
of recent Supreme Court de-
cisions. I predict the Con-
gressmen and Senators who
fail to correct these recent
Supreme Court decisions will
be voted out of office when
they come up for reelection.
We've had it.
Paul Dugan.
Los Angeles, California.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
Another Esthmus Canal?

Proposed legislation to authorize
a study Of sites for another canal across
the 1sthmuS OF Panama has revived a
project that has Increased in urgency
with the rise in maritime traffic and,
incidentally, with the advent of the
atomic era. The 48-year-old Panama
Canal is expected to be taxed beyond
capacity by 1880. And second water
way not only would relieve the traffic
situation but would provide an alternate
canal for passage of warships in event
the present canal were knocked out by
an enemy.
President Kennedy discussed the
problem recently with President CHAR
Of Panama here, and State Department
officials have told the ambassadors Of
Panama and Colombia of the plan for
an engineering study. The study would
be concerned chiefly with choice of
locations, since there already is album
dant evidence of the need for second
Atlantic-Pacific link via the IsthmuS.
There have been several Similer studies
OF sites In the past, with attention being
centered on route through Nicaragua,
OAAC OAAAOuSA NO4O14ID4d dIlO OIlC
Panama not far from the old canal.
Apparently the Nicaragua route is not
to be considered at the present time.
There are two possible sites in Pan
anna between the present canal and the
Colombian border, each making use Of
rivers cutting into the Isthmus. The
Colombian route would follow the line
Of two rivers. The geography in these
locations would permit sea-level water
ways, thus dispensing with expensive,
transit-delaying and vulnerable locks
Conflicting tides on the Atlantic and
Pacific sides would pose problems for
a sea-level facility, but engineers be-
lieve these difficulties could be over
come. In view Of the time required to
build another canal, the study planned
by the Government should not be de-
layed. We hope our Central American
neighbors will cooperate in this enter
prise, for they will share the benefits of
an alternate passageway between the
two oceans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07

farmer in charge of the project reports
that his fellow Canadians haven't paid
much attention thus far, but he adds:
1.-THE Americans will lead the way lin
acceptance). Canadians are conserva-
tive and just don't take to new things
easily" BY coincidence, no doubt, an
unofficial local researcher reports sam
pling a whole midget avocado on
toothpick at a recent Washington cock
tail party. At least, he thought it was
an avocado-but it was large, not
a small, cocktail party.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
Speaking of Smoq

Your editorial, Local
Smog Problem" prompts me
to write you about oil fumes
which exist in my neighbor-
hood which come from a
U. S. Government building
in Arlington, Va. I believe
maybe the exhaust from
such buildings may also con-
tribute to the smog problem.
In my situation, an office
building on the site of the
old Arlington radio station
on Court House road in
South Arlington exhausts
fumes from its smokestack
which smell like the fumes
which come out of a diesel
burning bus. When the wind
is blowing in the direction of
my house, and I smell such
an odor, I can usually verify
it by looking toward the stack
and seeing the smoke coming
out Of it. 1t is especially OBJ
jectionable during the sum-
mer when we spend con-
siderable time outdoors.
Anthony III. Flores,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
Arabs and IsroeIis

A letter by Col. G. I. KEEP
hart refers to a declaration
calling for an Arab-Israel
peace, which was signed by
232 members of Congress, a
majority of the House of
Representatives.
Col. Kephart contends that
the basic cause" Of the con-
flict between the Arab states
and Israel is Israel's alleged
refusal to compensate the
Palestine Arab refugees.
He is misinformed.
The government Of Israel
has repeatedly offered to pay
the refugees compensation
for the property they aban-
doned in Israel. Unfortu-
nately, the Arabs refuse to
accept any settlement be-
cause they persist in their
demand for Israel's dissolu-
ton and they regard any
payment Of compensation as
a "sell-out."
Israel has, In fact, already
repatriated about 48,50O Arab
refugees, reuniting families,
and has released almost So
million which was deposited
by the Arabs in banks and
safe deposit vaults.
But, Arab leaders have re-
sponded to Israel's call for
peace n e gotiations with
threats. Last month Egypt's
NasSer again called for ''liqui-
dalton Of Israeli aggression
on part Of the Palestine land
E. :" and the Syrian radio
proclaimed: 1.-THE army
which crushed Israels ag-
erosion has its finger
on the trigger to shoot Israel
in the heart many times
over :"
Thus, contrary to Col. KEEP
hart's complaint, it is the
Arab refusal to recognize and
meet with Israel that per-
petuates the Arab-Israel con-
flict.
The continuation Of this
hostile policy-in direct de-
fiance of the U. N. Charter
and the resulting ornaments
race, boycott, blockad e
threats Of destruction and
border incidents, constitute
a danger, not only to the
Arabs and the ISraelis, but
to world peace.
It is gratifying that so
many members of Congress
have recognized the danger
and have called upon the
administration to pursue a
policy. both within and with
out the United Nations, which
firmly rejects all forms of
aggression and which will
make it clear to all govern
ments Of the Middle East
that we do not condone war
and that we persist in the
search for peace as the ma
jor goal Of American policy
in the region"
Julian Landau,
Research Director, American
Israel Public Affairs Com
mittee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07

But who wants to cut ap-
preparations in an election
year2 Mighty few, appar-
entity, outside Of Chairman
Harry F. Byrd Of the Senate
Finance Committee - also
chairman of the Joint Com
mittee on Reduction Of Nom
essential Federal Expendi-
lures. Uncle Sam wears a
mighty loose financial belt.
There would be an uproar Of
unprecedented proportions if
an administration should
come out for tightening that
belt-an austerity program
for the American people.
Such things have been tried
by Britain in the past when
neceSsary-and the British
people have gone along. Such
a program is now in progress
in Canada.
Gan Evil Day"
During all this discussion
of what to do about the econ
omy, business has continued
good. and it still continues
good. 1t will be an evil day,
however. if the American peo-
pie lose confidence. Further
more, the Democrats have
won election after election on
the issue that Republican
administrations bring de-
preston and hard times.
President Kennedy did not
mention this as one Of the
myths" he suggested must
be forgotten in this new age.
But if a deep recession should
arise in the course Of his ad-
ministration, where would the
Democrats go for an issue?
He had a 81 billion deficit
at the close Of his first year
of complete control Of the
fiscal budget. He has per-
suaded the Congress to in
crease the national debt limit
to 1903 Internationally to
give leeway for more deficit
spending.
The President has stuck to
his position there will be no
tax reduction until next year
when the new Congress-to
be elected in November
takes over. But In his Thurs
day press conference. Mr..
Kennedy promised to study
very seriously" the pleas
being made for an immediate
tax reduction as a stimulus
for business expansion and
greater employment and pro-
duction. He said in effect he
would recommend a tax re-
duction If the condition Of
the country's economy should
warrant it.
The New Frontiersmen are
already screaming because
the President has failed to
get through some Of the So
cial programs, so-called,
which were promised during
his campaign for election in
1860, programs that will cost
billions Of dollars. A program
Of economy would bring still
louder screams. Also the lib
erals probably have never
forgotten the old tax and
tax. spend and spend, and
elect and elect" program Of
the days Of the New Deal and
Harry Hopkins.
To many of them It is still
good political medicine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
OF Ships and Men

A recent letter from John
j. Grogan, president. Indus
trial Union of Marine and
Shipbuilding Workers Of
America, in essence, con-
cludes that an American
merchant marine with sup
porting shipbuilding facili-
ties is vital to the national
interest. On the basis of his
tory, tradition, and world OBJ
legations, the validity Of that
conclusion is self-evident.
Mr.. Grogan writes a fine
letter, and perhaps but for
space limitations, he would
have been more specific on
several points. 1t is what he
did not say about the United
States Shipyard industry that
troubles me.
For example, he did not
point out that many Of the
foreign shipyards to which
he refers were completely re-
built after World War II by
United States dollars supplied
by generous, Woodworking
United States taxpayers. He
did not point out that in
this country bastion Of
free competitive enterprise
private shipyards are being
suffocated by competition
from Government-owned and
Government-operated naval
shipyards.
Nor did he contrast wage
rates in the United States
with those in foreign coun-
tries. The average hourly
earnings Of shipyard workers
in Great Britain and West
Germany, for instance, are
about one-third those Of his
United States counterpart;
and about one-sixth in Hol-
land, France, Italy and Japan.
Contrary to the erroneous
impression which may have
been created by Mr.. Grogan's
well-intentioned letter, there
is much increasing evidence
that the United States ship
yard industry is technology
ically alert. Through indi-
vidual and collective research
and development, domestic
shipyards are continually
contributing to an advance
ment of shipbuilding and
ship repairing techniques in
the interest of reducing costs.
And, despite pessimistic fore
casts in recent years and q
very unsteady order book,
most of the private yards
throughout the country have
made capital Improvements
of significant proportions. 1t
is estimated that over the
last 10 years. $25 million a
year have been spent for
these purposes. and none Of
these funds have come out
of the public treasury. In
creases in productivity can be
attributed to these capital
investments and to constant
attention by shipyard oper-
ators to the development of
new methods and techniques.
There is no evidence that
the United States shipbuild-
ing and ship repairing indus
try overall is technically
ahead or behind that in other
countries. But, this much can
be said. Shipyard prices in
this country have been COM
ing down while wage rates
have been the highest in the
world.
Edwin M. Hood,
President, Shipbuilders
Council of America,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07

Somewhere in the as yet
distant future may stand the
plastic man."
Progress in use of human
tissue substitutes made Of
such synthetic materials as
nylon, orion or methylmeth-
acrylate to replace injured or
destroyed organs has just
been reported through the
office of Naval Research. A
notable achievement in this
line, says the report, is the
development of an artificial
cornea for the eye by DR..
William Stone of the Massa-
chusetts Eye and Ear In
Urinary.
These artificial corneas,
says the report, have been
tolerated by rabbits for more
than four years. This has led
to their implantation in the
eyes of rhesus monkeys
where they have been toll
Grated for about two years.
There is no overgrowth Of
tissues" says the report, and
vision has been restored in
the animals. This kind of re-
placement therapy will be
tried in hopelessly blind hu-
man volunteers.
Other Goals
Eventually, it is hoped, all
sorts of other body parts may
be replaced in the same way
and function as well as any
actual flesh and blood CRAFTS,
which are quite indifferently
successful at the best. The
body apparently lacks an
adequate m e C h a n S m for
throwing off the plastics.
Other developments in re-
placement therapy reported
by the Navy:
"At the University Of
Padua in Italy, Prof. G. Dogo
has made significant diScov-
cries with another approach.
In lieu of alternating ami
mails he uses alternating
skin,' that is skin removed
from the body and placed in
a nourishing medium at a
temperature lower than that
of the body. Crafts persist
ed for three months whereas
the normal skin graft was
eliminated in Is days.
"In another study at the
University of Texas the role
of energy production and en-
ergy requirements in wound
healing and tissue regenera-
ton is being explored. The
findings suggest a metabolic
block in the injured tissue
which prevents the utiliz$
ton of glucose to produce
energy. This demonstrates
the complex intermediate
metabolism that results from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07

sionerS was approved. The
editorial stated plainly that
there nevertheless were "un-
duly harsh" cuts in some de-
partments, and that among
these specifically were "op-
Grating funds for public
SchooIs."O
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSG-
ton. Those not used DiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Synthetic Substitutes for Tissue
By THOMAS R. HENRY

injury such as occurs with
burns. Metabolic behavior of
this kind does not occur in
normal tissue.
This indicates that such
injuries can deplete the
body's energy stores which
we know are essential to
life. This may lead to means
of artificially replenishing
the body'S natural energy"
A solar generator to gen.
crate electrical power for a
space vehicle in orbit around
the earth now seems quite
practical for the not distant
future, according to studies
just reported by the Air
Force.
The report presents a de-
sign study for a 1500-watt
constant power supply for a
vehicle in a 300-mile-high
earth-oriented orbit. Re-
search for the Air Force has
been carried out largely by
General Electric Co. scien-
lists under contract.
Purpose of this research
to obtain electricity directly
from sunlight" says their
report, was the study of
different approaches for the
construction of converters
which would have a higher
efficiency, lower cost and re-
duction in weight when COM
pared to the conventional
silicon cell.
Composite Cell Probed
Research was conducted
into the composite cell, in
which several cells having
different band gaps are
placed in optical sequence.
The results indicate clearly
that a cadmium nitric film
formed on a silicon wafer
produces a photovoltaic cell
whose response extends into
the blue end Of the visible
spectrum. However, all at
tempts so far to form a
selenium cell have not been
successful. Silicon waters do
not yield a photovoltaic cell,
probably due. to short cir
cults"
With the composite cell,
however. it was concluded
that the feasibility of this
solar generator concept has
been more than adequately
demonstrated. The generally
good agreement between the
model test cell and analyti-
cal data from a computer
program has confirmed the
validity of theoretical calcu-
lations. A reasonably high
power = to weight ratio is
achievable with this con-
cept."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07
THE POLITICAL MILL
Uncle Sans Loose Money Belt
By GOULD LINCOLN

The economic ills Of the
United StateS-large unem-
ployment, heavy taxation, a
sharp drop in stock prices,
lack of the desired increase
in national production, a 81
billion deficit at the close
of fiscal year 1862 II have
brought an eruption of pro-
posed remedies. Fore mo S t
among them are tax reduc-
lions and bigger Government
spending. To the ordinary
man a combination tax re-
duction, certain to reduce
revenue, and increased spend
ing of money the Govern
ment does not possess is
about as sane as placing a
man suffering from pneu-
monia in a snow bank and
leaving him there. Not so to
some of the economists, par
ticularly among the New
Frontiersmen and economists
employed by labor unions.
There has been much sur
prise expressed, too, that
the United States Chamber
of Commerce, representing
many businesses, has Joined
in the demand for tax reduc-
ton. On the surface the
chamber appears to have
gone all the way over. and
to have abandoned principles
of sound business and econ
omy for which it has stood,
In this estimate Of the
chambers proposal, however
one important item in that
proposal has been almost lost
to sight. That is: In order
to offset the loss in revenue
from tax reduction, that
Government spending be ma
terially reduced. BY cutting
down its spending by billions
the chamber president, Ladc
Plumley, maintains it can still
provide for national defense
and all essential domestic
services. The chamber, Mr.
Plumley adds, has recon.
mended that more than 81
billion could be cut from the
1868 fiscal budget of the
Kennedy administration. HI
insists that it now require!
20 per cent Of our groS.
national product to keeI
the Federal Government op-
Grating.
Rigorous Scrutiny
"Since we must continue tt
meet every demand which
the cold war imposes" HI
argues, "all other types o
expenditure must be scruti
nized vigorously to meet tn,
highest standards of the pub
lie interest" He points ou
that not one single fisca
1868 money bill-appropria
ton bill-has been sent II
the White House and there
fore the money bills ma.
still be pruned by Congress
if there is a sincere desire t,
do so. AS a matter Of fact
there are two appropriation
bills for 1868 now in confer
ence-and a big fight owe
their provisions continues
The rest of the bills have no
reached the conference stage
The Government is operating
under a resolution continuin
previous appropriations, bu
that expires at the end O
July.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-07

Edwin M. hOOui
President, Shipbuilders
Council of America.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1962-02-06
PECCA's Monday Resumption OF
Activity Program Marks 3rd Year
By BEN BOWERS

Five training centers for Negro children opened
ward county this morning No estimate
Resumption of the training program announced by
Mrs Dorothy Croner who serving director project
being assisted by special
County Christian Association PECCA sponsor stop-gap
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1962-02-06
Cash Dividend
Refunds Set
By P. c. A.

A four per cent cash dividend
on "a stock outstanding on
December 81, 1861, has been de-
clared by the board of directors
of the Farmville Production
Credit Association.
The dividend will be distribut-
ed to stockholders at the Pea S
annual stockholders meeting to
be held March "a, 1862.
A patronage refund of II per-
cent Of the interest paid by mem
bers during 1861 was also de-
clared during the recent SEES
sion of the Pea directors.
First Refund
The patronage refund, first in
the history Of the Short-term
farm production loan agency
will be paid in "A" stock.
| Joseph F. Glenn, Pea man,
ager. said the dividend and pa.
tronage refund were made pos
sible as a result Of "a very
satisfactory operating year
during 1861" The Pea had the
highest year-end loan volume on
record, and there was some
reduction in money cost during
the year, the manager pointed
out.
At year end, the agency had
outstanding loans totalling ST.
10000. higher by S279,0OO than
at December 81. 1860.
The Pea has $2O7 ,O2O outstand-
ing in both "A, the preferred
variety. and "B" stock com
bined. This is held by l.5l2
stockholders. of which 1872 own
the "A" stock.
Glenn said the dividend and
refund will result in reducing
each members net interest cost
to approximately five per cent
/ for 1861 loans.
The agency is wholly locally
owned.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1962-02-06
EarmuilIe Jaycees Honor Bosses And
Present First DSA A,uurd To Wnn1sIev

1t was a night for bosses.
They were thanked sufficiently
and fattened considerably and
appropriately entertained.
That's the way the third an
nual Bosses Night Of the
Farmville Junior Chamber of
Commerce went at Cedar Brook
restaurant Thursday night.
With a word of welcome, Jack
w. Lewis. president, set the
tone for the evening by saying.
Gentlemen, We welcome you to
this banquet. 1t is one way we
have to say thank you for max
ing possible our many civic
projects for community better
ment."
Sealed with Steak
The thank you" to the bosses
for the many hours of company
time required to put over some
of last years projects such as
the athletic fields, Junior Golf
Tournament. and Christmas pa
rade to mention several, was
sealed with juicy T-bone
steak.
Allen c. Hawkins. associate
sponsor Of the Dale Carnegie
Course, Of Rustburg. was the
guest speaker. Hawkins aimed
his talk on winning cooperation
from other people at the bosses
as well as the younger men
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1962-02-06

among the 80 persons present.
The speak-with-ease expert
reeled off a number of success
stories of individuals who be-
came successful primarily as a
result of their keen ability to
get along with others. Hawkins
suggested to the group that they
snow people they are really in
terested in them. Take a real
interest in other people. Then,
you can help yourself" he
said.
Award To Wamsley
The highlight of the evening
was the presentation Of the
first annual Distinguished Serv-
ice Award to the outstanding
young man of the year in Farm
vile to Jacob H. Wansley, bust
ness manager of LongWood Col
ltge.
In presenting the award.
Lewis said, The DSA goes to
man who has contributed extern
sively to the community of
Farmville and the state Of Vir-
ginia. He has taken part. not in
Just one segment of the COM
munity. but as an all-round citi-
zen. An outstanding leader, he
has shown unusual progress in
both his personal and business
development"
He is known for his willing
Less to cooperate with indi-
viduals. and civic organizations.
He is the type of man Who
gives unselfishly Of his time and
talent Lewis said.
Wanlsley, who is be 4 known
as Jake, has been associated
with Longwood College since
1858. He. was named business
manager in 1855. Jake. 81. is a
graduate Of Virginia Military In
stitute.
AIl-R0und Citizen
A past president of the Prince
Edward County Community
Chest and the Farmville Jay
Gees, Jake served as president
of the Farmville Memorial Rec
reation Association in 1861.
The award winner is an active
member Of the Lions Club and
the Masonic Lodge. A member
of the willie Methodist
Church. Jake is the youngest
Continued on page s.