davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-01-27

Friday and Saturday after st.
Lucy's Day December 13), Ash
Wednesday, Pentecost Sunday
and Holy Cross Day (Septem-
ber 14O
Pope Leo I preached a series
Of Embertide Sermons during
his reign which lasted from
440 to 461 AID, so the Ember
Days were thoroughly estab-
lshed by that time. They seem
to have begun about the time
of Pope Callistus, 220 AID.
II II X 4
Question: "Are there in the
Bible any references to vol
canoes, earthquakes or lorna
does? If so, where are they
mentioned?"
Answer: Volcanoes and tor
nadoes, as such, are not men
toned in the Bible. There were
strong winds, but not of the
velocity of tornadoes.
Earthquakes, however, are
mentioned frequently. They
seem to fall into two categor-
les. There is reference in tte
Old Testament to an earth
Evening star., 1962-01-27

the church's responsibility to
its seminaries where youlg men
are being trained Ior 80 .ious
leadership.
The annual Youth Week serv-
ice will be held at 7:30 pm.
with DR.. David r. Mace, execu-
tive director of the American
Association Of Marriage Coun-
selors, as the speaker.
Canon John G. Shoemaker
will celebrate holy communion
at 8 am. ir st. Mary's Chapel.
Preacher at the $50 am.
holy communion in Bethlehem
Chapel will be Canon Richard
Williams. Canon Charles Mar
tin will be the celebrant.
The Georgia State flag will
be carried in the IL am. &C.
clesiastical procession.
Evening star., 1962-01-27
Red Mass Set
In Cathedral

House Speaker Mccormack
and Chief Justice Warren will
head a distinguished group of
guests at the traditional Red
Mass to be held at 10 am.
tomorrow in st. Matthews
Cathedral, Rhode Island avenue
near Connecticut avenue NV
Senators and Representatives
top Government officials and
members of the diplomatic
corps will attend the mass
which asks for Gods blessing
upon the administration of JUS
tice in the United States. The
mass derives its name from the
red vestments worn by the Of
ficiating priests.
The Most Rev. Patrick A.
OBoyle, Archbishop of WASH
ington, will be the celebrant.
The Most Rev. Philip M. Han
nan, Auxiliary Bishop of Wash
ington, will preach.
The Red Mass, which dates
back more than 900 years in
Europe. is being sponsored by
the Lawyers Committee of the
John Carroll Society. It has
been observed in the United
States since 1928 and in Wash
ington since 1888.
Ambassador Sevilla- -Sacassa
of Nicaragua, dean Of the dip
lomatic corps, will be among
representatives of foreign coun-
tires at the mass.
Evening star., 1962-01-27
Red Mass Set
For Tomorrow

The traditional Red Mass
asking divine guidance Of the
Nations jurists and lawyers
will be celebrated at 10 am.
tomorrow in st. Matthews Ca
thedral, 1725 Rhode Island av-
enue NV.
The Most Rev. Patrick A.
O'Boyle, Archbishop Of Wash
ington, will be the celebrant
and the Most Rev. Philip M.
Hanan, Auxiliary Bishop of
Washington, will preach.
More than 1900 guests, in
cluding Government officials
and members of the District
and Federal Bar Associations,
will attend. The mass dates
back to before the 18th CEN
tury and since then has marked
the opening of courts of law in
Englnad, France and 9th e r
countries.
Evening star., 1962-01-27

quake which took place in the
reign of King Uzziah and it
is mentioned in Amos IL and
Zechariah 14:5.
There were numerous other
earthquake references in the
Old Testament and these seem
to have been manifestations of
the wrath of God, or His max
ing Himself known at a time of
need.
In the New Testament there
is the reference to an earth
quake on the night Of the Cru
cifixion mentioned in Matthew
27:51; also, there was an earth
quake on the night of the i'm
prisonment of st. Paul in Phil
ippi. It is described in Acts
1925.
4 -
Question: 1--WE are told that
the Jews did not accept Jesus
the Christ as the Messiah be-
cause He did not literally con-
form to Hebrew Scriptures con-
cerning how the Messiah would
come. Is it possible, that the
Evening star., 1962-01-27
Program to Observe
Tenth Anniversary

"The Faith Of Millions, "
radio broadcast sponsored by
the Catholic Interracial Coun-
Gil Of Washington, will COM
momorate its 10th anniversary
with a special program at $3.50
pm. tomorrow over WOOK and
WFAN-FM.
The anniversary program
will have discussions on devel-
oping goodwill and understand
ing among the different faiths
by DR.. John J. O'Connor of
Georgetown University, founder
of the program; the Right Rev
Msgr. John s. Spence, Arch
diocesan Director Of Educa-
tion; Frank D. Reeves, Wash
ington attorney; DR.. Paul
Cooke of District Teachers
College; j. Arnold Feldman,
Of the American Veterans Com
mittee, and Llewellyn Scott, of
the Catholic Interracia
Council.
Evening star., 1962-01-27
darlington Methodist Church,


5000 King street, Alexandria.
DR.. j. Carter Swain, of New
York City, director of the De-
partment Of English Bible of
the National Council of
Churches in the United States
of America, will speak at the
10:45 am. service of the Herit-
age United Presbyterian Church,
which holds services in the
Waynewood Elementary School,
lit Waynewood boulevard,
Fairfax County.
Josiah r. Bartlett, president
of Starr King School for the
Ministry, Berkeley, Calf, will
speak at the 10:45 am. service
Of the Unitarian Church of
Rockville, which worships in
the West Rockville Elementary
School, Beall avenue and
Luckett street.
DR.. Curtis Tuthill, professor
of psychology at George Wash
ington University, will speak on
SELF Adjudication: The Very
Healthy Personality" at II am.
before the Washington Ethical
Society, 1922 Massachusetts,
avenue NV,
Evening star., 1962-01-27

The following television and
radio programs will originate
from Washington area stations
tomorrow.
TelevisiOn
$3.50 am, WTOP-9: 1t. Col.
Raymond T. Mattheson, of
Carswell Air Force Base, Tex,
will speak on Born to Believe"
on the Air Force Chapel of the
Air"
$50 am, WTOP-9: 1.-THE
Mass for Shut ms" celebrated
by the Rev. John Dimond of
Catholic University.
II am, WMAL-7: Rabbi
Eugene Lipman of Temple ST.
mai will speak on the New
Holy Ark at Temple Sinai" on
the program This We Believe" T"
1880 am, WTTG-5: Two
films, 1.-THE Book and the Idol'
and "a Stamp is Born" will
be shown on "The Jewish
Hour"
1870 pm, WRC-4: "Medi-
tation," a drama by the Rev.
Dominic Rover, o. P, of Cath
olic University.
Radio
Z am, WMAL: The Rev
Richard j. Sweetman of Forest
vile Baptist Church speaks on
1.-THE Hour Of Power" from
Central Union Mission.
1880 a m, WWDC: "The Mass
for Shut ms"
7:45 am, WQMR:: Moments
of Inspiration" with the Rev,
Donald Wiles of Faith Chapel,
Wheaton.
7:45 am, WDON and
WASH-FM: The Rev. Lloyd w
Wineberg of Chillum Heights
Gospel Chapel speaks.
7:45 am, WAVA: "How
Christian Science Heals"
8 am, WOOK: Bis hop
Smallwood E. Williams speaks
from the Bible Way Church
9:35 am, WOL-AM and FIN
Edward L. Ericsson, leader OF
the Washington Ethical Socie-
Evening star., 1962-01-27
CHURCHES ON THE AIR

Ity, speaks on Ethics for HUI
manity."
II am, WAX: DR.. Dale
Crowley, Washington radio
minister, will be guest speaker
for services from the Cherry
dale Baptist Church.
IL am, WFAN-FM: The Rev.
Jack F. Coffey speaks on 1.-THE
Seed, the 'Sower and the Soil"
from Petworth Montgomery
Hills Baptist Church.
II am, WEAM: DR.. Rich
ard c. Halverson speaks on
"History's Painful Waiting
from Fourth Presbyterian
Church.
II am, WDON and WASH
FM: Sharing the Cross" the
morning worship service Of the
Lutheran Church Of st. An
drew, Silver Spring.
4:30 pm, WPIK: DR.. Crow
ley will speak on Bible Proph-
ecy and the End Of the Age"
on the program "The Future
Revealed"
$3.50 pm, WWDC: DR.. Hal
verson speaks on 1.-THE Unnum-
bered Redeemed" from Fourth
Presbyterian.
9 pm, WEAM: 1.-THE Hour
Of Inspiration" with DIR. Crow
ley.
$50 pm, wooK and
WFAN-FM: The Catholic pro-
gram, Faith of Millions" will
celebrate its 10th anniversary
with a special broadcast.
II pm, WMAL: "A Nation
in Prison." a discussion of pris-
ons and prisoners by Catholic
chaplains of the District De-
partment of Corrections.
Evening star., 1962-01-27

Alexandria, which is observing
it's ninth anniversary.
DR.. Dale Crowley, Washing
ton radio minister for some 20
years, will speak at the II am
service of the Cherrydale Bap-
tist Church, Military road and
Lorcom lane, Arlington.
Mrs. Mae Yoho Ward, of
Indianapolis, vice president
of the United Christian Mis-
sionary Society, will speak at
the II am. service of the Min
nesota Avenue Christian
Church, Minnesota avenue and
c street Sc, which is observ-
ing Women's Day.
DR.. Harmon H. Bro, director
Of the Institute for Research in
Psychology and Religion at
WaShburn, Wis, and a member
Of the faculty of Northland
College, will speak at II am.
and 8 pm. in the Church of
the Holy City tSwedenborgian) ,
1911 Sixteenth street NV.
The Rev. r. H. McAden, who
has just returned from four
years duty as a missionary to
Bolivia, will speak at $50 and
II am. and 4:30 pm. in the
Evening star., 1962-01-27
Rev. Noble
Will Preach

The Rev. A. Grant Noble,
chaplain of the Virginia Epis-
copal Seminary, Alexandria,
Va. will presch at the II am.
service tomorrow in Washing
ton Cathedral.
Tomorrow has been desig-
mated as Theological Education
Sunday in Episcopal churches
by the Right Rev. Arthur Lich-
tenberger, Presiding Bishop of
the Protestant Episcopa
Church, USA.
The service will emphasize
Evening star., 1962-01-27

second coming Of the Messiah
would not conform to the literal
prophecies either and that we
could recognize him only by
his fruit?"
Answer: 1.-THE word Christ
comes from a Greek word
which has the same meaning as
the word Messiah. The Jewish
rejection of Jesus as the Mes
siah was not necessarily due
to a liberalism. In part, it was
because of a belief that the
Messianic Age of Righteousness
and peace must come upon the
earth before the coming of
the Messiah.
On the other hand, there
was the belief, also, that the
Messiah must come as a ruler
of Israel. He was expected
to restore the independence of
Israel and to re-establish the
Empire in the line of David
and Solomon.
Evening star., 1962-01-27
Crossroads Breukf fast

Representative Dorm, Demo-
crat of South Carolina, will
speak on 1.-The Dignity Of the
Individual" at the Interna-
tional Crossroads Breakfast at
9 am. tomorrow in the Central
YMCA, 1885 G street NV.
Evening star., 1962-01-27
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

SbS NtSb VI SS6SEVNSbFA
AUGUSTANA AUG.
v st. at N. H. Ave. NV. The Rev.
Wayne r. Woods. $50 and IL am.
$3.50 am.
BETHLEHEM MO.
10th and T SITS. Sc. The Rev. H.
T. Bernthal. $50 and 1900 am.
CHAPEL OF THE DEAF MO.
51O1 18th st. NV. The Rev. H.
w. Hoemann. 11:O0 am.
CHRIST MO.
61O1 10th st. NV. The Rev. W.
F. Bruening. $50 and l1:00 am.
EStOnian Congregation MO.
co Christ Lutheran. 5101 10th
st. NV. The Rev. Randolph Troost
Fourth Sunday. pm.
FIRST TRINITY MO.
4th and e SITS. NV. The Rev. H.
2; Roepe. $50 and 11:0o am.
$3.50 am.
GEORGETOWN ULC
1855 Wisconsin Ave. NV. The Rev.
]. @. Boliek. 11:00 am.
HOLY COMFORTER ULC
sS1s Ala Alsbsms an ave; at s.Is!s Branch Ave;
and HOO am. 1880 am.
KELLER MEMORIAL ULC
so7 MsTylsnd sTyIan Axe. NE ne The 7 ,s Rev; i
l1:O0 am. 1880 am.
LUTHER PLACE MEM. ULC
1926 Vermont Ave. NV. The Rev.
John R. Taylor. Pastor. S:45 and
HOO am.
MT. OLIVET MO.
1905 Vermont Ave. NV. The Rev.
W. F. Schiebel. 11:00 am.
PEACE MO.
Senator Theater, 1850 Minnesota
Ave. NE. The Rev. H. A. Schwandt.
1880 am, 1880 am.
PILGRIM MO.
$500 Mass. Ave. NV. The Rev. M.
C. Pooh. $3.50 and IL am. 1880
am.
REFORMATION ULC
gig East Capitol st: The Rev. Paul
ST. JAMES ALC
8OOs Eastern Ave. The Rev. o. q.
Grotefend. 11:00 am. $3.50 am.
st. Mark-Incarnation ULC
14th and Gallatin SITS. NV. The
Rev. John Strube. 11:00 am.
ST. MATTHEW'S ALC
527 Kentucky Ave. Sc. The
Rev. ]. A. Scherzer. Th.D. IL am.
ST. PETERS ULC
1925 Michigan Ave. NE. S:45 am.
q
Evening star., 1962-01-27
OUR RELIGIONS
Ember Days Are Fasting Periods
BY DIR. CARLYLE ADAMS

Question: "Please give us the meaning of the
month"
Answer: Ember Days are common to the churches
of Western Christendom They days of fasting and
abstinence which are observed on the Wednesday,
Evening star., 1962-01-27

Editors Note: Questions on religion
ond the Bible may be addressed to
Dr.. CorIyIe Adams, in care Of The
Evening Stor. All questions must be
signed, but the nomes Of the writer's
will not be published. Dr. Adams
does not read anonymous lettes.)
(Released by the Register and
Tribune Syndicate, 1850
Evening star., 1962-01-27
Guests to Fill Pu|pits
In D. c. Area Services

Guest speakers will appear before number of Washington
church congregations and other religious tomorrow
Bishop Paul CARRIER Of the Richmond Of the Meth
odist Church will speak at $3.50 and II services
Mount Methodist Church. Belle View boulevard
Evening star., 1962-01-27
LUTH ERAN

CALVARY MO.
9545 Georgia Ave-. Silver Spring.
The Rev. Frederick W. Kemper.
$50 and 11:00 am.
CHRIST ALC
Bethesda. The Rev. Otto schuetze.
$50 and 11:00 am.
CRUSADER ALC
1909 viers Mil Rd.. Rockville. The
Rev. Paul R. Milheim. $50 and
11:00 am.
EMMANUEL AUG.
Burning Tree School Bethesda.
The Rev. Frederick E. Reissig. DID.
1000 am. $1,000 am.
FAITH ULC
5201 Livingston Road, oxon Hill,
Md. The Rev. r. Manning. 300
and 11:00 am.
GOOD SHEPHERD AUG.
1921 Allendale Dr.. Palmer Park,
Hyattsville. 11:00 am.
HOLY CROSS MO.
% Ridge Rd.. Greenbelt. Md. The
Rev. Edward II. Birner. $3.50 and
11:00 am. $3.50 am.
HOPE ULC
Guilford DR.. and Knox Rd.. College
Park. The Rev. Theodore Caspar.
900 and 11:00 am.
OUR SAVIOUR ULC
4915 st. Barnabas Rd; Sc. gu;
The Rev. Robert e. Hook. $3.50
am. and 1900 am.
OXON HILL MO.
5735 Oxon Hill Rd.. Oxon Hill. The
Rev. r. @. Schoenheider. $50 and
REDEEMER MO.
3799 East-West Highway. Hyatts-
vile. The Rev. William H. Kohn,
$3.50 and 100 am.
RESURRECTION ULC
31O1 University Blvd; West, Kens-
ington. The Rev. Ross Forcey.
ST. ANDREWS MO.
l2247 Georgia Ave, Silver Spring.
The Rev. Charles 8. Mueller. $50
ST. JOHNS ULC
$3.50 Riverdale Rd.. East Riverdale.
d45 9as Eey: MasseF 546 g. white afo5 s;JD, am
ST. LUKE'S ALC
MTnGssser Sa s:s Mills Mills Rd Rsdlsnd sIcsa Nd
y As AOAAG1 OAANCA ORA AA61 Wv
Colesville Rd. and Highland DR..
The Rev. Raymond Shaheen. $50
$50 and 11:00 am. $3.50 and
11:00 am.
ST. PAUL'S MO.
Charlotte Hall. Md. The Rev.
Herbert E. Plehn.
ST. PAUL'S ALC
Rte. 216 and Limeklln Rd., Fulton,
Md. Rev. A. Floyd Burns.
ST. STEPHEN AUG.
1872 New Hampshire Ave, Silver
Spring. The Rev. E. L. Stark. $50
and l1:00 am.
THE CROSS MO.
624 Great Falls Rd.. Rockville. The
Rev. Ralph Kruger. 100 Am.
TRINITY MO.
30th and Bunker Hill Rd.. Mt.
Rainier. The Rev. Roy A. Mack.
$50 and 11:00 am.
Evening star., 1962-01-27

TRINITY MO.
Bowie. Md. Tho Rev. John Nisr-
mann. 9:30 am.
TRINITY ULC
1900 Old Georgetown Rd.. North
Bethesda. The Rev. Raymond
Hartzell. HOO Am.
ZION ULC
N. H. and Kingwood Dr.. Takoma
9;30 and 11:00 am. 1880 and
ADVENT ULC
23rd South and Arl. Ridge Rd;,
Arlington. The Rev. H. M.
BETHANY MO.
Beacon Hin and Oak Dr., Alex
sns5is s!s6 and IN f1!oC HsY s% SGnn E. oFaud'n'
CHRIST ULC
Rev. FLOYD W. BOst. $50 and
CONCORDIA G MO.
Fuller Heights Rd.. Triansls; II
bridge. 400 am. The Rev. E.
Fred vonderlage.
EMMANUEL ALI
W. Maple Ave, Vienna. Va. The
Rev Emil Ibele. $50 and IL am.
'9:30 am. Church School.
FAITH ALC
1913 Arlington Blvd, Arlington.
Rev. E. j. Klein. 500. $3.50 and
11:00 am. '9:3O and 1900 am.
GOOD SHEPHERD ALC
Braddock Rd. and Luray Ave,
Boyer. $50 and 1i:oo am.
HOLY TRINITY ALC
Arl. Blvd. and Woodlawn Ave,
Falls Church. The Rev. Edward F.
Yost. $50 and 11:00 am.
HOPE ALC
1904 Ravenworth Rd.. Annandale.
The Rev: John E. 5chramm. $3.50
and 11:15 am.
IMMANUEL MO.
1901 Russell Rd. The Rev. wilmer
B. Mensing. $50 and l1:OO am:
MESSIAH ALC
afsxans zHEt aan. Ths Hns Rev sissG Paul pisSTo.
$50 and II 100 am.
OUR SAVIOUR MO.
Tss hsifs Rev. e George g ". G z. wehmsSsr. ssSP
$50 and 11:00 am.
HEACE ULC
1927 Lincolnia Rd.. Alexandria.
The Rev. Paul Zimmerman. $3.50
and 11:00 am.
REDEEMER ULC
Chain Bridge Rd. at Westmoreland.
Mclean. The Rev. H. Alvin Kuhn.
$50 and 11:00 am.
RESURRECTION ULC
6201 N. Washington Blvd. Arling-
ton. The Rev. Melvin 8. Lange,
DID. The Rev. Lloyd Haag. M. Ed.
S:45 and 11:00 am. 1000 am.
ST. JOHNS MO.
Franconia Rd. and st. John Dr.,
Franconia, Alexandria. The Rev.
ST. PAUL'S MO.
1901 Leesburg Pike. Falls Church;
and HOO am.
Il
Evening star., 1962-01-27
MARYLAND
ASCENSION

ASCENSION MO.
1920 Ardmore Rd.. Landover Hills
The Rev. Henry C. Schroeder. 500
$50. 11:00 am.
BETHANY ALC
5175 Silver Hill Rd. Sc. The Rev.
Frank o. Klein. $50 am. and
11:00 am. $3.50 am.
Evening star., 1962-01-27

further Information Lutheran Churches
Lutheran Inner Mission Society, 232-6373
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1962-03-10
johnson AIcorn
Speaker

The Annual Alpha Phi Alpha
Founders Day address for Delta
Kappa Chapter of Alcorn Col
lege was delivered by A. L.
Johnson, Dean of the Prentiss
Institute. Mr.. johnson punctua-
ted his remarks with humorous
incidents of Alcorn Past in COM
parison with Alcorn Present. He
stated that the marks of a
fraternity man are found in the
Alpha hymn: Manly deeds, scho-
larship, and love for altman
kind.
Alcorn's first fraternal scho-
larship was announced by Ad-
visor Brother John |. Hendricks
to be known as the A. L. john
son Alpha Award, supported by
the local chapter.
President j. D. Boyd remark
ed briefly on other Alcorn
Firsts for the benefit of the
packed Oakland Chapel and ex-
pressed gratitude for the
Award.
Other on the program includ-
ed invocation by Emanuel Lang,
the occasion by John M. Smith,
solo Joseph Lloyd, presentation
James Clark, all Alpha Broth
ers. Brother James Turner,
Newton, made the introduction
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1962-03-10
FREEDOM BOND DRIVE

United States Savings Bonds have two pur-
poses; one to provide financing for the govern
ment, the other to help people save money The
first purpose brought the bond program into be-
ing in the first place. But as practical matter
it is the latter function that sells the bonds
1t becomes an extremely personal thing, when
the bond buyer realizes he is putting solid fnan-
clal foundation under his home, his family and es-
pecially the prospects of his children That is what
Savings Bond buying does for millions
This leads into something currently important.
For two months next May and June the impact of
Savings Bond buying will be felt in the lives of most
of our people That will be the period of the 1862
Freedom Bond Drive. The 1862 goal will be the
sale of $475 billion in E and H Savings Bonds.
There will be other detectives. One is to have
as many people possibe-actuay every Amer
can if that is possble-be Savings Bond buyers
during the period. Another is to increase the num-
Der of payroll savers; they now number over
million. A third is to build up over-the-counter
bond sales in banks.
1t past experience means anything, the public
will respond There have been exceptions to this
record since the first World War, when all the
Liberty Loans and the wind-up Victory Loan were
oversubscrbed In the present sequence, there have
been three periods, the Defense Bonds of pre-Word
War Ii, the War Bonds during the war; and since
then the Savings Bonds. All have accomplished the
basic purpose, to give the government working
capital But the greater profit has been in the
millions of people made conscious for the first time
in their lives of the road to personal solvency and
security to be found in systematic saving
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1962-03-10
FORCE FOR FEDERATION
The Christian Science Monitor

Sir Roy Welensky is his own worst enemy For
he makes the events in Central Africa seem
drama played television between heroes and
villains And threatening to use force eff neces-
sary to keep together the federation of which he
is Prime Minister he casts himself in the eyes of
the world in the role that opposes the one he actual
ly seeks to play Sir Roy is identified by others
as the tough white monopolist of power in an es-
sential Negro Africa. Yet he sees himself quite
genuinely as "a moderate"
In point of fact, of course there is even now no
white monopoly of power in the federation of the
RhodesiaS and Nyasaland Each component part
has the beginnings of developing multiracial con-
stitution Nyasaand, where there are fewest
Whites has already African legislative ma jority
OF % out of a total of 33 seats Northern Rho
desla now is offered a new constitution which, al
though it suffers from the serious disadvantage
of battling complexity, could, if accepted immed-
lately produce an African majority.
In Sothuern Rhodesia the Africans, who pre-
viously had no representation in the Legislature
at ALL at least to control Is seats out of IS and
be able to effect the selection of candidates for the
other so. The declared aim of the federation mean
While is to produce an economically yiabe society
which is genuinely multiracial. 1t is accepted now
that in all the territories in the end the voting ma
Jorty will be African.
SO that the real questions should concern
the speed at which this end of African voting con-
troll is accomplished and whether the federal con-
cept can be used to smooth the path to it.
Sir Roy is convinced that the federation is es-
sential to the viabty of the Central African econ
omy; that it would fall apart in poverty without
It. Yet for the maintenance of the federation in
which he believes so strongly the first essential is
the consent OF the governed - and in Africa still
the governed and "the eectorate' are not vet
synonymous Consent, however, can not be OBJ
tanned by force. The very threat of that could
doom the federation in advance.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1962-03-10
Bargaining, Legislation Seen
Aiding Shorter Workweek

sized, lies in the need for i'm
proving job security and fight
ing unemployment, particular
ly where you have rapid adj
vances in technology and the
threat of displacing workers."
Cutting hours" he said, "is
an alternative to cutting men.
Secondly, by cutting hours
while maintaining weekly pay,
we help maintain a consumer
market and in the process build
up more employment opportuni-
ties"
He said the recent reduction
Of the New York City electric
ians' workweek from 80 to %
hours could not be regarded as
a pattern, but was a specific,
isolated situation that offers "a
rather interesting social labora-
tory for an examination of how
rather extreme hours reduction
may work we'll down the road
to the future"
The issue now, the federation
economist continued, sis wheth-
Ell We reduce from a 40-hour
standard to 35 or a 32-hour"
standard. Bargaining history,
he said, so far has indicated mo
congealing of membership pref
erence" as to what form that
| reduction should take, such as
! fewer hours per day, fewer days
per week or extended vacations.
Given a choice today, Brand
vein observed, most workers
! probably would prefer more pay
/ to shorter hours, but if preser-
walton Of job opportunities de-
pended on the choice, "it is
quite clear in my mind that
the overwhelming preference
would be to take steps that
would promote employment Sc
curity"
The AFL-CIO, he said, re-
CARDS the shorter workweek as
but one means of tackling the
unemployment problem and has
emphasized a broad range of
economic policies to control job
lessness.
However," he added, "we
can't fly in the face of the
evidence before us that other
measures are not doing the job.
Pressures are mounting to lead
to even higher unemployment
totals land so we are unhappy
about this tool being kept in re-
verse too long"