davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-01-19
Social and Personal
K MINNEAPOLIS

To Live In Los Angeles Mr. and Mrs Darrell Davis and
daughter Darcy Renee former Minneapolis residents have
tabeshed residence in Los Angeles and would like their friends
to know their address which is 1920 West 27h
Angeles 49, Calf Mrs is the daughter of Mrs Rhoda
Pettiford, 1015 Humboldt Av. NJ
Returns TO Tulsa For the past two months, Mrs Carrie
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-01-19

January 13, 1941 - The Four
Freedoms proclaimed by Great
Britain and America.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-28

y, - e"seNe Onm close OF bvsSs Sotvdoy June 90 1852
ro nd'on head eodsnsbvs Cord Hs cepao .iSh,,
SsMs'dG sH: Spring. Rockville. ceiIhsbvra Iuug.
t~Nre1 AszendF'o Abingdon Fofsx, FuHs Church 49,,
Annondos hendoa, lsssburr, PvresIHe MeDo,,es M.I'
we RESERVE HE RIGHT TO INIT QUANTITIES Ae9Oes go. ~.
ef 10 eeN market changes. Some Of s sms listed IA ma 49,
Sss0sai my M BE- fevnd b ell esr ssersae
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30
Bic Food Giants Get Bigger

During the past fiscal year the
Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Com
pany enjoyed sales exceeding $5.2
billion dollars with net income of
1914 million, The APP has 4'4lo
food stores in operation.
The American Stores Company also
reported substantial increases in both
sales and net earnings. In operating
approximately $50 food stores, their
IL month sales exceeded one billion
dollars and their net earnings rose
to $13.3 million. = BUTCHER
WORKMAN.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30
EQUALITY AND LIBERTY
CAN NEVER WAIT"

Father Bruckberger Gin IMAGE
OF AMERICA 1861 has summed
the matter up:
"Marxist reasoning ends in a para
dox: Any resistance to revolution and
its unavoidable demands imperils the
liberty and equality that revolution
alone can bring. The liberty of today
must be violently suppressed to en-
sure the liberty of tomorrow; the ter
ror of today is justified in the name
of the liberty of tomorrow.
''The American Declaration. on the
contrary, affirms that liberty and
equality can never wait, that without
them life has no human dignity. The
American Declaration affirms that
chaos itself is better, with liberty and
equality, than the most tremendously
designed political and social order
without them. 1t recognizes that man
comes ahead of society. There is no
limit to mans revolutionary hope"
That is the spirit that possesses the
Peace Corps. 1t is also the spirit that
possesses Teodore Moscosco and the
Alliance for Progress.
Will it also possess our vast bu-
reaucracy? VIII it be reflected in
legislative halls? Will it set the
mood in our classrooms and pull
pits? IF it does, we will not lack
the least wind that is necessary
to win the Cold War.
Once the people of the world feel
the force of the free society and see
that it is built on the creed of lib
erty and equality, democracy can be-
come the most contagious influence
on all the continents.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30

from page
dictators. That is one reason why
the tides of history are running
against us.
At home the military is more and
more implicated in policy-making.
Each branch of the armed forces has
its own state department..
The independence of nations is but
one sign of ferment in the world. No
matter what the Pentagon says, the
feudal societies are doomed. Overseas
the peoples protests are being heard
more and more. Hunger, disease, il
literacy, exploitation and misgovern-
ment-these are the enemies. The
peoples of the world are going to be
done with them. Revolution after
revolution is going to be launched.
Are we to credit every revolution to
the Communists? Is every overseas
reformer to be suspect?
Demands for reform and revolution
are expressions of the worlds unrest.
The Pentagon and the CHA overseas
search out men who temporarily crush
the dissidents. But popular unrest
is so deep that attempts to stomp it
out only strengthen the Communists.
The problem is not to quell the revo-
lutionaries. 1t is to supply and sup
port democratic cadres who will di-
rect the reforms and manage the
turbulent days ahead.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30

mittee on Juvenile Delinquency and
Youth Crime. The President, in Gre
ating the committee in May 1861,
pointed out the gravity of the prob
lem and, significantly, called for in
novation and experimentation. Con-
gress in September 1861 passed the
Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Of
lenses Control Act on the strong
of the Presidents
committee.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30
WHERE DOES 1T START?

Sociologists who have been study
ing the matter for years have come
up with a variety of theories, the
psychologists suggest some Others
the police have some plans; the school
systems have inaugurated programs ;
private agencies in the social well
fare field have studies by the dozens
and the cruel fact remains-nobody
really knows.
1t is easy to get agreement that 1t
is futile to arrest a youthful delin-
quent, place him in an institution
where he associates with other de-
hnquents, return him to the same
slum from which he came, give him
no guidance or hope and expect him
to do better. If the Illustrations and
pressures of the way he has been
living contribute to his delinquency,
then something must be done about
these Illustrations and pressures. If
he is convinced by what he sees
around him that there is no hope
for boy with his color or education
or family background to get a job
and to be full citizen respected by
the community, he has little incentive
to improve his skills, complete his
education, adopt decent work habits
and become part of the social order.
If it were just that simple, we
would know what to do. But what
about the boys from the same slum,
with the same evidence before
them, with the same disorganiztd
families, who make good? In the
same housing project are families
with almost identical economic,
racial, ethnic and educational back
grounds who produce completely
opposite results. What about the
kids in suburban, middle-income
communities who get into the same
kind of trouble slum kids do? What
about the rural youth whose rate
of increase in crime is beginning
to parallel that of the young city
people?
The first organized, planned ma
ional assault on this problem is now
1nder way by the Presidents Com
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30

nation in the image of America might
we'll be disastrous. For what was
needed for the genius of our people
might be ill-suited for others. More
over the export of our Institutions
without the use of vast controls might
do more harm than good.
Mexico had it's revolution forty
years ago and recent report made
by Mrs. Ifigenia Navarrette shows
how the gap between rich and poor
has Iwidened since. Between 1850
and 1857 Mexico's industrialization
greatly benefited the growing middle
class, but it also let the rich get
richer and the poor get poorer. While
overall family incomes rose % per
cent, the bottom one-fifth of Mexican
families share of national income
dropped from 81 per cent to A per
cent, and their average monthly earn
ings fell from $22 to $3.50. The next
80 per cent of Mexican families, just
a cut above them, barely managed to
maintain their 1850 income levels.
The biggest rewards of industriali-
cation, which sent gross national
product soaring 48 per cent in the
seven years, went to the top 80 per
cent of Mexico's families, who in
creased their real income by some
80 per cent The topmost five per
cent did best of all, skimming off 81
per cent of national income in 1857.
The losers by naturalization
were mostly unskilled farm labor
ers driven from the land by mech
anization and drawn to the cities.
Mrs. Navarette goes on to say in
her book, INCOME DISTRIBUTION
AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
OF MEXICO, that the product of this
industrialization is a restless mass
common to most Latin American
countries. 1t is more difficult for
people in an affluent society to ac-
quire revolutionary mood than those
whose economies are marginal or
worse. 1t is more difficult for a peo-
pie far removed from their own revo-
luton to experience that mood than
for those who have recently won in
That is evident from
comparison of the spirit that prevades
Israel with the more conservative
mood of the West. Yet there is moth
ing inevitable in historic processes
that makes long established regimes
unable to become evangelists of radi-
,al ideas and to promote at home and
abroad the ideas of the free society
hat offer liberty and equality to all.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30
a Positive Approach
Toward Solving Problems
Of Juvenile Delinquency

By ELNGER Assistant Director of President Kennedys
Committee Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime
In AFI-CIO AMERICAN FEDERATIONIST
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30

F1gnC against CHe oWCL
of juvenile delinquency" Be-
fore this exhortation is dis
missed as an echo of the many
speeches made by clubwomen,
politicians and preachers, these
facts must be considered:
1. The cost of juvenile crime is
estimated to be So billion annually.
2. The major cities have doubled
the cost of their youth services IN
the last ten years but the rate of
juvenile crime still rises.
8. Almost SO per cent of all major
crimes in the nation were committed
by people not old enough to vote.
4. Within 10 years there will be
Al per cent more youths in the 1919
age bracket than there are now; 26
million will enter the labor force;
about rs million will not have COM
pleted high school. The jobs avail
able for non-high school graduates
will decline while additional millions
will be seeking them.
The number of young people
found by Juvenile or adult courts
to have been guilty of an offense
Exclusive of traffic violations)
last year exceeded 100000. 1t will
approach 100000 this year. The
total number of youths below the
age of Fl who have been found
guilty now exceeds 2 million. This
represents a tragic percentage of
the total population and is an index
of appalling social failure in the
home, the school, the church and
the community. The coming har-
vest of the postwar baby crop will
push these figures to uncontrol-
able levels unless something big,
real and honest is done about it.
The almost complete failure of the
systematic reform
clearly shown by the
number of repeaters, now approx
nately SO per cent in many major
titles. The young offender becomes
he adult criminal unless there is
ZEAL intervention by society. The ma
ion can build bigger jails, hire more
increase judicial efficien-
~ and still be showed under by sheer
numbers unless the process is stopped
where it starts.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30
SEEK ROOT CAUSES
OF PROBLEM

If, in the Judgment of that COM
munity, the failure of the school sys-
tenn to relate education to job oppor-
tunities is one of the causes of the
problem, then the school system and
the project leaders sit down to work
out the revisions of programs, per-
sonnet or methods which will deal
with the problem. In some areas the
problems appears to be inability to
read adequately, in others the alb
sence of realistic training for avail
able jobs, in others serious economic
reed of the family.
In few places narcotics addic-
ton is a real problem. In each
case the problem is analysed local
ly, remedy is designed locally and
a method of testing effectiveness
is planned locally.
Some hard negotiating goes on to
determine what agency of the COM
munity actually will operate one of
the new programs designed to answer
one aspect of the problem in the tar
get area. Federal agencies will CO.
operate within their fields to pro-
vide aid. Many private agencies, civic
groups and economic groups are ac-
.epting the responsibility to carry |
sec page z |
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30

pointed OUT U1o gravity VI Tile pIOU-
lem and, significantly, called for in,
novation and experimentation. Con-
gress in September 1861 passed the
Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Of
lenses Control Act on the strong
recommendation Of the Presidents
committee.
PROGRAMS BASED ON
LOCAL INITIATIVE
This new law authorized a three
year $50 million program to initiate
comprehensive demonstration and
training programs based on local mi
tiative and leadership, federal tech
nical assistance and federal financial
help. For the first time a real eff
fort is being made to bring together
in city all the tested ideas on pre-
vention of delinquency, tailored to
that city, plus the new, creative and
imaginative programs which that
community believes will help solve
it's problem.
The community is urged to pool
it's best brains from the labor, bust
ness, political, educational, social
welfare, correctional and research
segments to focus on part of the
city in which the problem exists in
substantial way. Competent plan
ring personnel must be secured.
They are asked to develop all the
needed information about this Star
get area"-the ethnic and racial
makeup, the educational level of the
families, the job pattern, the physi-
cal arrangements regarding housing,
recreation, the school dropout rate
and the reasons therefor, the delin-
quency rate and the existence of
known gangs, the church connec-
tions, the attitude of the young peo-
pie and their parents toward the po-
lice, the labor unions, the employers
in short, to secure as complete an
analysis of that part of the city as
possible.
Federal funds can aid in gathering
all this information. The planning
team is asked to find out what ap-
pears to be causing the young people
in that area to become antisocial.
Each community, through the rep
resentative committees which guide
these projects and with assistance of
the professional staff, makes it's own
Judgment as TO the factors they be-
lieve important. The Presidents COM
mittee requires that the leaders of
each local project look at all the
causes which in their judgment con-
tribute to the problem.
After finding out the facts about
an area of the city and determining
the causes of delinquency in the area,
the community develops a plan de-
signed to remove or substantially af-
feet the sources of delinquency. At
the same time, the research and eval-
uation segment of the staff are to
design ways to test the effectiveness
of each of these separate programs
and their combined effect.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30

and curiosity among students and
steering them into even the exotic lam
guages such as Telegu, Tamil and
Monaghan. Yet over half of our high
schools offer no foreign language.
Of the leading eighty-three world
languages, we are prepared in a de-
gree to teach some fifty. The rest
however are not known to us.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1962-11-30
A FLEXIBLE APPROACH
is NECESSARY

The problem of exporting revolu-
ton is extremely complicated. 1t re-
quires dedicated democratic cadres
who are native to the society being
1t necessitates great flex-
ibility in the political and economic
patterns which are designed for the
new nation. An attempt to remake a
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
Ehappened led. 100 YEARS !: as.

The oldest incorporated trade association in the country
the United States Brewers Association was oFganzedd1
1862 the same year that
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
U. S. Anti-Bias Job Program
Held Intellectual By NAlACP

tracts. Thus, the Plans for Pro-
gress' is simply an euphemism for
what in previous administrations
was called voluntary compliance.
Mr.. Troutman, the NAACP spoke,
man asserted, has served the
national purpose in his usual fash
ion'' by serving his friends, Sen
ators Richard Russell and Her.
man Talmadge of Georgia, and
racial segregation. This is This
role as a member of the Presi-
dents Committee on Equal EN-
ployment Opportunity"
of the 1850 complaints filed with
the Committee during the first
year, Mr.. Hill noted that 44S were
filed by the NAACP including 81
against Federal agencies.
The policies laid down in Elk.
ecutive Order 1925, establishing
the Committee, are sound and rep.
resent, "a vast Improvement.
oyer the orders of preceding Presi-
dents in barring employment dis
elimination" Mr.. Hill said. But
he added, these policies have not
been carried out because of fear
lest reactionary conservative forces
in the Congress .'strangle the anti
discrimination employment pro-
gram in its infancy"
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
Court Asks Rehedring
In Two NAACP Cases

WASHINGTON, D. C.-DeciSionS
on two major NAACP cases were
put off until fall by. the Supreme
Court this week. It's new member,
Byron R. White, will then be on
the bench.
One is the case of Father Theo-
dore r. Gibson, president of the
Associations Miami branch, who
faces six months in Jail and a
81 200 fine for refusing to identity
NAACP members to a Florida leg
fislative investigating committee.
The other deals with the State
of Virginia's efforts to drive a
wedge between NAACP attorneys
and plaintiffs. That state claims
that the Association, in giving fl
nancial and legal assistance in de-
segregation cases, fomentS racial
strife, deliberately Institutes law
suits, and channels legal business
to select attorneys. se
The NAACP maintains that Vir-
ginia authorities are well aware
of the disadvantages Negroes face
in that state and that the Associ-
alton merely seeks to improve
their lot.
NAACP attorneys assert that
prohibitions asked by Virginia will
prevent effective challenges to seq
Iregation in that state.
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
Bias In Space Center
Site Is Challenged
By The NAACP Youth

COCOA. Fla.-Jim Crow in this
city, site of the nations major
space program, is being challenged
by the 2OO-member local youth
council of the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People.
Although lunch counters in many
Florida cities have been desegre-
gated as a result of NAACP-sponS-
Ored sit-in demonstrations, all
eating places, hotels, motels and
places of recreation remain rigidly
segregated in Cocoa.
"Our nation is feverishly trying
to get man on the moon," the
Rev. w. o. Wells, president of the
Cocoa NAACP branch, said recent
ly. But right under the nose of
Uncle Sam, and in community
which is the recipient of millions
of tax dollars, a Negro scientist
no matter how brilliant-0r the
Negro maintenance man cannot
eat at lunch counter or enter
a local theatre without being dis
criminated against.
Members of the Cocoa NAACP
youth council have been staging
sit-in demonstrations at lunch
counters in such chain and local
stores as Liggetts, Campbells, Five
Points, Woolworth's and Grants.
Ironically, elsewhere in Florida,
Woolworth's and Grants no long
er bar Negro customers at lunch
counters.
- While Mr.. Wells and the NAACP
youth council are conducting the
desegregation drive in Cocoa, just
so miles away, in Orlando, IL
young Negroes, all members of
the NAACP, are awaiting trial for
their efforts to desegregate down.
town restaurant. They were ar
rested on March 9 after w. D..
Driggers, owner and manager of
the lunch counter in Strouds, sign
ed warrants.
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
Negro Girl Hurt
Ambulance Waits

MONTGOMERY, Ala, April IL
"A Negro who lay injured in a
street Is minutes while a white
ambulance driver waited for a
Negro ambulance to show up was
improved today but still remained
in serious condition.
Mary Louise Butler, g. was
struck by a truck yesterday, and
about Is minutes elapsed before
the white ambulance company
rushed her to hospital.
Investigating Officer Roy Far
nell said whoever called for the
ambulance called a white am
bulanee company, probably think
ing the child was white.
Upon arriving and finding the
victim to be a Negro, Mr.. Farnell
said he suggested a Negro am
bulance be sent.
I'VE waited, thinking every min
ute a Negro ambulance would
show up" he said, land when no
body came, asked the driver ol
the white ambulance if he would
do me a personal favor and take
the girl.
'The driver said he would be
glad to and took the victim to the
hospital"
The ambulance driver said he
administered first aid while wait
ing for the Negro ambulance.
Police Chief j. B. Ruppenthal
said there was no set policy for
ambulance calls. "The ambulance
companies are private concerns
and we have no control over them
whatsoever, he said.
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19

NEW YORK. = The Govern
Aent's widely publicized "Plans
for Progress" program, devised
to,,expand Negro industrial en-
ployment, was attacked this week
as s'ineffectual@ and diyersio1ary
by leading civil rights: spokes-
man..
Herbert Hill, labor secretary
of the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People,
made the. charge in an appraisal
of the first year of operations of
the Presidents committee on Equal
Employment Opportunity which
was established last April7.
Mr.. Hills statement, released
simultaneously here and in Wash
ington on April 5, attributed fail
ure Of the program to the Kennedy
Administrations reluctance to
press for full implementation of its
nOn-discriminatl0n policies IN the
face Of southern hostility
Under guidance. of Robert B.
Troutman, Jr., Of. Atlanta, a mem
Der of the Presidents Committee,
the plans for PROCESS program
has not produced large-scale op-
portunities for Negro workers" and
has been used mainly to divert
attention and energy from the
systematic, across-the-board job
which it is Governments response
bility to carry out, Mr.. Hill
charged.
The program; he said, is largely,
regarded by the major u S. Gov
ernment contractors who have
signed it '.as way of securing
immunity from real compliance
with the anti-discrinination pro-
visions of their government con-
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
INTEGRATION
SUIT TO FORCE

A Sent to Force integration of
all schools receiving federal aid to
educate the children of service
men and government workers is
being planned by the Justice De-
partment. Florida will be the state
where the test suit will be filed.
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
Space Suits For Ill
~ n. r ErMoN

Space suits like 6iose worn by
the astronauts can be helpful to
persons suffering Strokes Air
Force scientists. report. The pres
surized suits help maintain normal
blood pressure.
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
Healthy Specimens

Healthy Specimens
Employees of a large tobacco
manufacturer smoke more, live
longer and have a lower death
rate from cancer and heart disease
than the general. public, 14-year
study shows. e7 So
Arizona sun., 1962-04-19
End Of Segregated
Unite Is Asked

Delegates to the All-Negro Cent
raj Jurisdiction voted to ask the
Methodist Church to begin full in
tegration of all facilities, includ-
ing hospitals, homes and assembly
ground and to have the segregat-
ed unit eliminated in 1864.
Milford chronicle., 1962-05-04
n O L 1 C e /!

"Sealed bids for metal furniture,
fare Home and Hospital for h e
Chronically Ill will be received
and opened on June 5, 1862, at 200
pm, DIST, in the office of h e
Acting superintendent, George
Botte, MD, State Welfare Home
and Hospital for the Chronically
Ill at Smyrna, Delaware.
Your bid must be mailed or de-
livered in a sealed envelope mark
ed HOSPITAL FURNITURE BID''
to arrive not later than the above
specified time, and must include
descriptive material on all items
bid as an equal to the ones speci-
fled. The bid price shall include all
freight charges to the State We'll
fare Home and Hospital for. h
Chronically Ill at Smyrna, Della
ware.
A certified check or a salts
factory bid bond executed by the
bidders and acceptable sureties in
the amount equal to. ten (10) per
cent of the base bid plus the
amount of any additive alternate
estimates called for shall be SUBJ
mitted with each bid, as a guaran-
tee that the successful bidder will
execute a contract.
No bid may be withdrawn for
period of thirty (3O) days after the
scheduled closing time for the
receipt of bids; however, the right
is reserved to reject any and or all
bids and to waive informalities
therein. Specifications may be OBJ
tanned at the institution M a y
through Friday, 900 am. to 500
pm. Signed, G.WK. Forrest, MD,
President, Board of Trustees of the
State Welfare Home and Hospital
for the Chronically Ill at Smyrna,
Delaware" 5-4-2t