davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-04-22
INTERNATIONAL FORCE
Draft Treaties

Both so-called draft treaties"
are moderate in tone, and to the
initiated, very easily imple-
mented. Yet. the differences are
so severe as to make compromise
almost impossible.
The United State main de-
terrent force is its ring of missile
and air bases in the United States
and abroad. The United States
believes that without these bases,
Western Europe might be over
run by Soviet troops overnight.
The Soviet Union says that
until such bases are dismantled.
the threat Of war will not be
diminished.
On inspection, the United
States says it has little reason
to trust the Russians. Verification
of weapons and men remaining is
necessary to ensure that there is
no cheating. The Russians say
that verification would supply the
West with invaluable intelligence
information and might lead to
a surprise attack.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Economic Trouble

AS expected, the communique
CLOSED over the economic diff
ficulties, blaming them on nat
ural calamitieS," and not poor
management or weak investment.
1t listed 10 points to improve the
economy, and experts noticed an
implicit withdrawal from the we'll
publicized great leap forward" of
1858 as well as from Macs COM
mune program.
Most of the points urged mod
Grafton in economic matters. and
extensive planning, something the
Russians have been urging for
years. And in the foreign field,
the communique pledged "un-
swerving friendship" for the Soviet
Union. 1t discreetly omitted men,
ton of the well-known differences
over Albania, and omitted the
usual attack on peaceful coex-
istence."
Observers believe. however, that
the communique only masked the
real Chinese views, and that the
Sino-Soviet split is still far from
patched up.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
East Regime

The principal thorn to agree
ment IN these talks is the amount
of authority to be given the East
German government. The United
States seems willing to grant a
minimum amount Of recognition
to the East German regime in
return for International control of
West Berlin's access routes and
affirmation of Western rights in
Berlin.
The Russians have been de-
manding full recognition Of Wal
ter Ulbricht's regime in return
for some measure of multi
national control of the access
routes.
The West Germans-backed by
the French-have been wary of
recognizing the East German
government. Bonn calls the Ger
man Democratic Republic a
slave state" and says that rec
ognition of a permanent division
of Germany would mean enforced
slavery for millions of East Ger
mans.
Berlin's future is unclear. Some
observers feel that a settlement
is possible and may eventually be
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Free Enterprise

How free" is our free economy
now that Big Government is sit
ting with Big Business and Big
Labor at the bargaining table?
Are we, because of such problems
as balance-of- payments deficits,
brought on by our global re-
sponSibilities as the chief foe of
Communist expansion, heading
toward managed economy? Are
the rights to strike and to raise
prices to be abridged if the Pres
ident decides the public interest"
is endangered?
At weeks end there appeared
to be consensus that some more
reasonable, less violent method of
enSuring that the public interest
is protected, along with the in
terests of business and labor, in
the collective bargaining process,
is needed. Few thought that the
Government assault on steel could,
or should, be the blueprint for
policy.
Whether it should be a nom
partisan commission to recommend
solutions, a course suggested by
Senator Humphrey, Minnesota
Democrat, or some other device,
needs to be considered.
Meanwhile, the debate over the
steel matter took a new turn
down the road of partisan politi-
cal warfare.
This came about when the Re-
publican congressional leadership,
after a week of cautious, If not
sleepy, silence, delivered its
strongest attack to date against
the President.
Carefully eschewing any judg-
ment on the merits of the steel
price increase, the G. o. P. lead
ers in a formal statement blasted
Mr.. Kennedy's actions in forcing
the companies to cancel it. They
said he "imperiled basic Ameri-
can rights, went far beyond the
law and (his actions) were more
characteristic of a police state
than a free government"
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Reducing Tension

Like the tanks, both men SYM
bolized dangers in the Berlin cri-
sis. And like the tanks, both men
have been withdrawn in an effort
to reduce tensions even further.
Gen. Clay'S departure was an
nounced 10 days ago. and on
Thursday, the Soviet Union re-
called Marshal Konev. Observers
noted that both sides were in
effect saying: We no longer need
our toughest, most experienced
men in Berlin.
This may. however, be the calm
before the storm. Once the
United States resumes its atmos-
pheric nuclear tests, the world
may again have to endure re-
newed tensions. Mr.. Kennedy
noted the improved atmosphere
at his press conference, but
warned that Berlin was still a
very dangerous area" that could
blow up any time"
To avoid such a "blowup," the
United States and the Soviet
Union have been holding explora-
tory talks on Berlin, the most
recent being last Mondays Rusk-
Dobrynin meeting in Washington.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
Soviet Objections

Soviet Foreign Minister Gro
myko, visiting in Yugoslavia. said
that the American proposals Of
fered nothing new" and we're as
Objectionable as ever.
1t is the most complete and
far-reaching draft treaty" ever
offered by the United States,
however, and was warmly praised
by Great Britain. It was re-
Evening star., 1962-04-22
The Question

His wage policy, he said, was
aimed at holding increases with
in the confines of productivity
gains" He did not say what or
whether a share of such gains
should go to the companies or
stockholders. In the question:
answer period he asserted that
investors in steel during the last
10 years had done very well.
But a question for the future
has been raised. In the last dec
ade there had been no massive
Evening star., 1962-04-22

President Kennedy last week
held out the olive branch to
the steel industry and to busi-
ness generally, but insisted that
the public interest is mandatory
in big labor management con-
tract bargaining.
The Republican congressional
leadership denounced the Presf-
dents massive retaliation"
against the short-lived steel
price rise as smacking of police
state methods.
In his history of World War II.
Winston Churchill declared this
to be the moral of the work:
In War - Resolution; In De-
feat - Defiance; In Victory -
Magnanimity; In Peace - Good
Will"
John F. Kennedy, in meeting
the crisis in steel, perhaps the
biggest domestic challenge he has
faced in his Is months in the
White House, may well have
taken this Churchillian moral for
his guide.
He has been resolute, defiant
and magnanimous. But as Easter
Sunday dawned there was still lit
tie peace between the business
community and the President.
Furthermore, a new war between
the Republicans and Democrats
appeared to be shaping up over
the methods Mr.. Kennedy en-
ployed in forcing the steel in
duStry to rescind it's three-day
price increase of Sc a ton.
1t follows, therefore, that while
there are doubtless men of good
will on both sides, the fourth
stage of the moral will not be
reached for an indefinite period.
Evening star., 1962-04-22

Apparently, Peking's decision
not to publicize the Red rift. led
Moscow to take a conciliatory
view last month.
For the first time in almost a
year. Moscow newspapers began
printing articles praising the
Chinese system (up to then, Pc
king had been omitted from men,
tion), and 10 days ago, a top
level trade delegation arrived in
Peking to sign a treaty. The
Chinese have been cut off from
such help for a year.
Three days after the group
arrived in Peking, the Chinese
press release a communique
about the National Peoples Con-
gress which had just ended. The
report was mostly a summary of
a speech by Premier Chou En-Lai.
Evening star., 1962-04-22

Friendship

The Soviet Union and Com
munist China made extensive
efforts last week to emphasize
the unity" Of the Communist
camp.
From March 81 to April 16. the
Chinese Communists top policy
body-the National Peoples Con-
greSs-met in Peking. For the
duration of the congress, no
speeches were made public, and
the Chinese people we're not in
formed of any issues their repre-
sentatives" were discussing.
The reason for the secrecy was
twofold:
l. Red China has suffered from
three consecutive years Of eco
nomic disaster. Outsiders have
estimated that China is close to
famine, and that Chinese industry
is running far below capacity. ,
The true extent of the economic
chaos in China is not known out
side OF Peking, and obviously
Peking does not want anyone to
know. If it were publicized, Mao
Tse-tung's philosophy might suffer
a severe propaganda setback in
the underdeveloped areas Of the
world.
2. On several counts, the Red
Chinese are at odds with the
Soviet Union. Their disagreement
are theological, political, and eco
nomic. At present. however, Peking
needs Moscow's help. and Is in
no position to stand alone, in
open revolt against Russia.
Moreover. an open break would
destroy the so-called Communist
unity, something unacceptable to
both Moscow and Peking. Thus a
discussion Of problems in the Red
alliance could not be made public.
Evening star., 1962-04-22

reached at a future summit meet
ing. Others feel that neither side
will agree on any change in the
status quo, and this will lead to
continued pickering between East,
and West.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
INSPECTION
FORCE LEVELS

The United States wants Amer
ican and Soviet armed forces re-
duced to 81 million in the first
stage and by another so per cent
in the second stage. In the third
stage, only forces large enough to
maintain order would be kept.
The Soviet Union wants reduc-
ton to IL million in first stage
l million in second, and to inter-
nal defense force size in third stage.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
DELIVERY VEHICLES

The United States proposes a
80 per cent cut in all delivery
vehicles in first stage and of so
Evening star., 1962-04-22

Khrushchev's special military
chief in Germany.
Evening star., 1962-04-22

per cent in second stage. All We
hicles would be destroyed in third
stage. The Soviet Union wants all
delivery vehicles (rockets, bomb
ers, missileS destroyed in first
stage as well as dismantling of
all foreign military bases. The
United States proposes disman-
tling certain foreign bases in
stage two and all in stage three.
INTERNATIONAL FORCE
The United States calls for
U. N. observation posts on for
eign territory in the first stage
to prevent surprise attack. It pro-
poses United Nations peace force
in the second stage, to be pro-
gressively strengthened by the
third stage. The Russians do not
allow for control points, and pro-
pose the U. N. force be estab-
liShed in the final stage.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
NeutruIs' Plan

The neutral bloc has tried all
sorts Of pleas and persuasions to
get the major powers to agree to
a nuclear test ban, first step on
the road to a general disarma-
ment treaty. The major powers,
however, have looked upon the
neutrals as good fellows, but ter
ribly naive.
These we're the developments
last week:
Q With the United States re-
portedly ready to begin testing
any day, the neutralS offered a
test ban treaty that was "ac-
cepted for negotiation" by the So
Wet bloc. but rejected by the
United States. The central issue
again was on-site inspection. The
United States says there. can be
no treaty without it. The Russians
say it is "legalized espionage"
Q On the principal topic facing
the conference. the United States
presented its first full statement
regarding disarmament. The 25-
page document, as close to a draft
treaty as possible, outlined in de-
tail the United States three-stage
plan for achieving general and
complete disarmament.
The draft treaty" is the second
such document to be presented to
the conference. The Russians Of
fered their own three-stage treaty
last month.
These are the main points Of
both treaties:
DISARMAMENT ACTION
The United States says that
as soon as the first stage Of the
treaty is agreed upon, disarma-
ment should proceed. The Soviet
Union wants no action until the
entire three stage treaty is
signed.
INSPECTION
The United States wants inter-
national verification of arms de-
Stroyed and troop cuts as we'll as
verification of arms retained and
troops retained in each stage of
disarmament. This is to prevent
cheating. The Soviet Union re-
fuses inspection of what is re-
tanned, calling it espionage"
The American treaty calls for
inspection by means Of a SAM
pling" system. Thus an inter-
national team might check up on
only part of country at a time,
checking to see if that zone"
complied with the treaty.
Evening star., 1962-04-22
EASTER EGGS

The leaders Of the worlds by Berger
Evening star., 1962-04-22
DISARMAMENT ACTION

The United States says that
as soon as the first stage Of the
treaty is agreed upon. disarma-
ment should proceed. The Soviet
Union wants no action until the
entire three stage treaty is
Evening star., 1962-01-03
Man Is Ruled
Okuy for Trial

A man who told police he
had nine wives within 10 years
has been ruled mentally COM
petent to stand trial by District
General Hospital.
William j. Halbrook, 80, listed
in the 5000 block of Eighteenth
street NV. was arrested on
attempted false pretense
charges last November 7. Police
said he was attempting to take
as wife No. 10 a 21-year-old
George Washington University
student.
In a six-week period before
his arrest, they said, he had
married two other Washington
area women. Previous mar
riages had ended in annul-
ments, police said.
Halbrook requested mental
examination. Today the hos
pital, in papers filed at Munic-
ipal Court, said he was not
mentally i'll when arrested and
is able to stand trial.
Through Franklin Dea, at
torney, Halbrook pleaded not
guilty to the false pretenSes
charge. Trial was set tor jan
uary 10 with bond at $500.
Evening star., 1962-01-03

danger, the broadcast said, a
group of countries under obli-
cation to help protect Laos are
urging the Laotian government
to cooperate with the Com
muniSts.
I'VE don't know which ma
tions in the group committed
mistakes in the past and per-
mitted the Communists to grab
all OF China. to gain control of
North Wet Nam and to seize
half of Laos, and we don't
know whose mistakes have
made it possible for the Com
munist theology to advance all
the way to the Mekong River"
it added.
The radio reflects the views
OF the Thai Premier, Marshal
Sarit Thanarat, who is a rela-
tive and firm supporter of Gen.
Nosavan.
The broadcast added: "Urg-
ing OF several Western countries
or many Western countries for
early formation of a coalition
cabinet in Laos is like urging
a quicker takeover by Commu-
mist influence of the Laos ad-
miniStration."
Evening star., 1962-01-03
MCNAMARA BOWS TO EDICT
OF AIR SECURITY POLICE
By the Associated Press

Secretary of Defense Mcnamara may be boss of the
armed forces, but he overrued yesterday by some
Air Force security police.
Mr. Mcnamara Deputy Secretary Roswell Gipatric
and Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor the personal military ad-
wiser to President Kennedy aboard an Air Force
transport preparing to take off for Florida conference
with the President
They had arrived at Andrews Air Force Base almost
nall hour ahead OF the scheduled departure time
had entered the plane.
News photographers asked member of the planes
crew to request that they be permitted to take pictures
OF the three men Mr. Mcnamara sent word out to the
cameramen to come aboard and shoot the pictures.
But the air police stopped that They had orders that
no one was to board the plane, they said. Finally Mr.
Mcnamara grnning and struggling his shoulders at the
utllty OF trying to get his idea across came trudgng
down out of the plane with Glpatrc and Gen. Taylor
following. Without topcoats the three highranking Of
clalS posed in the cold for pictures and then climbed
back aboard.
Evening star., 1962-01-03
Alexandra Firm
Develops New
Low-Cost Rocket
By the Associated Press

Atlantic Research Corp. of
Alexandria says it has devel-
oped a powerful but relatively
inexpensive new sounding rock
ct and plans to start flight
tests at Wallops Island, Va,
this month.
The company developed the
vehicle, called Metroc, at its
own expense and hopes to sell
it to the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration, the
Weather Bureau, the military
services and interested univer-
sites and laboratories. Ground
tests were conducted at Pine
Ridge near Gainesville, Va.
Metroc was designed to carry
IA three-pound meteorological
device capable of sensing tenn
perature, pressure and humid
ity, to an altitude of 100000
1eet, Where a parachute would
be released to lower it gently
to earth.
The rocket also can carry
aloft and eject a bag of chaff-
aluminium strips or other mate
rial-to indicate wind direc-
ton.
The solid propellant rocket is
Az feet long, three inches ir
diameter and weighs only Is
pounds. 1t develops a thrust Of
130 pounds.
The initial version will cost
from $400 to $7O0. A more pow
erful boost version" will be
capable of flights up to 265, ,00C
feet.
The company said Metroc's
most unusual feature is its
lightweight plastic case. The
saving in weight enables the
rocket to climb with added
speed, at reduced wind devia-
ton, to higher attitudes.
Evening star., 1962-01-03
PhormocyHeIdU Up
By Young Bundit

A bandit described as baby
faced" robbed the Chillum
Heights Pharmacy, IL Kennedy
street NV, of $4OO last night
Nanny Ginsberg, 80, owner
of the pharmacy, said the
bandit walked up to the coun-
ter, pointed a pistol at his
mother, Mrs. Sarah Ginsberg,
81, of 100 Hamilton street NE.
and said:
This is a stickup. Give me
all of the money. Just the green
stuff"
Mr.. Ginsberg, who was in the
drug section, said he walked ur
to the bandit and handed him
the money. which he had Just
taken from the cash register tc
count.
The bandit was described as
between l8 and 20, 6 feet tall
$50 pounds, with wavy, light
brown hair.
Evening star., 1962-01-03
Vinson Will Move
ToNume Building
For Sam Ruyburn

The third House Office
Building would be named for
the late Speaker Rayburn un-
der a resolution being prepared
by Representative Vinson,
Democrat of Georgia.
The same resolution which
Mr.. Vinson said Monday he
would present for approval by
the House Office Building
Commission and introduce in
the House also would name the
original House office building
for former Speaker Joseph G..
Cannon and the second office
building for former Speaker
Nicholas Longwortil
Such designations were sug-
gested several weeks ago by
several other House members.
Mr.. Vinson serves on the COM
mission in charge of construc-
ton of the $50 million third
office building scheduled for
completion in 1864. The COM
mission has supervision over
the present two buildings.
The commission has supervi-
sion over the present two build
ingS. Other members were Mr..
Rayburn and Representative
Auchincloss, Republican of
New Jersey. Representative Nc
Mccormack of Massachusetts,,
when elected Speaker next
week, will succeed Mr.. Ray
burn.
Mr.. Rayburn discouraged
suggestions that the new build
ing or any other project be
named for him. Aides of Mr..
VinSon said today he was ccn-
fident that the resolution would
be approved promptly by the
commission and adopted unan-
imously by the House.
Evening star., 1962-01-03

liner Santa Maria last Janu-
ary.
He said the Beja incident
was "the logical sequence of the
revolutionary process for free
dom" which he claimed started
with the Santa Maria seizure.
Nothing will deter the de-
velopment of this process" he
vowed.
Capt. Galvao is living in asy-
lum in Sac Paulo. He had been
restricted to the hinterland city
of Belo Orizone after having
been expelled from Morocco
for a plane hijacking exploit
that showered anti-government
leaflets on Lisbon, but the re-
strictions were lifted two weeks
ago.
Evening star., 1962-01-03
z Revived Units
To Garry Bottle
Streumers
BY the Associated Press

The two Army divisions be-
ing revived and added to
United States cold war strength
carry many battle streamers
on their colors from past wars.
The 5th Infantry Division,
called the Red Diamond"
from its insignia, was first Or
ganized in 1917 and saw action
in the st. Mihiel and Meuse-
Argonne operations that helped
break the back of the German
army in France in World War
I.
In World War II the 5th
went ashore in Normandy a
month after the invasion and
soon was fighting its way
across France.
1t crossed the German border
in December, 1914, and within
a few weeks was thrown in tC
help halt the last German Of
fensive of the war in the Battle
of the Bulge.
The 1st Armored was born
just before World War II and
went overseas six months after
Pearl Harbor.
1t was credited with effective
fighting at Ell Guettar and
GafSa in the North African
campaign.
Later the 1st Armored bat
tied slowly up the Italian boot,
dueling the Germans in the
Naples Foggia, Rome Arno,
North Appennine and Pc VAL
ley campaigns.
Evening star., 1962-01-03
Rug Shampoo Hit
By FTC Ruling

A Federal Trade Commission
examiner ruled yesterday that
Glamorene Inc, Of Clifton,
N. j., made false advertising
claims for its rug shampoo.
At the same time, Examiner
John Lewis recommended dis
missal of a Commission charge
that Glamorene had misrepre-
sented that its shampoo was
as effective as professional rug
cleaning. But he held that
Glamorene falsely advertised
that rugs can be cleaned merely
by spreading on its shampoo.
Evening star., 1962-01-03
KENNEDY
Pentogon Chiefs Map
Military Strategy

gan the New Year strategy re-
view with the Joint Chiefs OF
Staff this morning.
After today's conference, run
ming from about 1920 am. to
1890 pm, the Joint Chiefs of
Staff plan to play golf during
the afternoon and fly back to
Washington this evening.
The President kept Mr.. John
son, Mr.. Mcnamara, Mr.. Gill
patric and Gen. Taylor as his
luncheon guests at his borrowed
ocean-front residence here.
Press Session Scheduled
Mr.. Salinger also announced
today that the President will
hold a press conference ir
Washington a week from next
Monday, on January Is. The
time for the conference has not
been decided.
This press conference will
follow by a few days the Pres
ident'S state = of the Union
message to Congress, which he
is expected to deliver personally
before a joint session of the
Senate and the House January
II or IL.
In other actions today, the
President redesignated Alan S
Boyd as chairman of the Civil
Aeronautics Board for 1862
and Robert T. Murphy as vice
chairman of the CAB.
One of Secretary McNa-
mara's proposals for Army De-
partment reorganization was
reported aimed specifically at
achieving greater unity of ef-
fort among the Army's seven
technical services - ordnance,
quartermaster, engineers, sig
nal, chemical, medical and
transportation-by creation of
a Material Development and
LogiSticS Command with broad
responsibility for procurement.
Congress Role Weighed
Officials familiar with this
and other proposals said it was
uncertain whether some of the
moves planned by Mr.. McNa-
mara to tighten up the Army's
organization would require con-
gressional action.
Mr.. Mcnamara, expected to
disclose some aspects of the
plans in more detail within a
day or two, told reporters the
President is very much inter-
ested" in what he called Ger
tain problems of Army oreani-
Zation."
Disclaiming any aim fol-
general reorganization" of the
Army, the Defense Secretary
said, 1--WE want to achieve
greater unification of effort in
the total department"
Evening star., 1962-01-03
Sprogue Begins
Work With COP.
By the Associated Press

William B. Sprague, jr.. At
year-old radio-TV newsman,
yesterday took over as director
of publicity for the Republican
National Committee. The post
has been vacant for a year.
G. o. P. Chairman William
E. Miller, in announcing the
appointment, said Mr.. Sprague's
long experience with national
news, political issues and public
events means that he will play
a major role in the party's 1862
campaign drive.
Mr.. Sprague was associated
with the National Broadcasting
Co. as a news reporter and
commentator from 1850 to 1860
in New York and Washington
Since 1860 he has been a public
relations consultant in the
radio-TV field here.