davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-10-04
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Fonfon1s Plan to Offer Berlin Proposal
Viewed as Symbol of the Honest Broker

Of the left-of-center govern
ment, Mr.. Fanfani privately
indicated that his govern
rnent eventually would play
a far more important inter-
national role than in the
past; that Italy would re-
place Britain as the honest
broker in the American-Rus-
sian conflict. This was recog-
nized AS a strong possibility
and not a vain boast in re-
sponsible quarters in France
and Germany.
Because 1t has become a
matter OF life and death for
her economy, Britain has
been arduously seeking adj
mittance to the Common
Market. This organization,
however. is only the first
step toward the political |
unity Of its continental mem
bers. Prime Minister Macmil-
Ian was told very plainly that
the initiation fee for men,
bership must be political and
that Britain must give up
ner policies OF co-existence
with the Soviet Union.
Mr.. Macmillan's repre-
sentative was told also that
England must give UP trying
to associate herself with the
United States accpmmoda-
lion policy toward Moscow.
France and Germany. the
real powers in the Common
Market, sre determined to
create. a political unity of
Europe as a third power in
dependent of The United
states ana the USSR-and it
: looks as If they will be sue
cessful. "
According to available re-
ports, Mr.. Macmillan has ac-
cepted the terms but must
proceed cautiously and by
Evening star., 1962-10-04
NO ONE IS IN DEBT
TO ROBERT HALL

We sell for Gosh enlyi
There ore no credit ehorsssl
We hove no credit lossesl
: Yev sevs bse0VSe We Sovel
Evening star., 1962-10-04
Attack on the Brown Administration
As Soft on Communism Is Criticized

calmly that 1t is unlikely
that Mr., Nixon can demon
strate any degree Of soft
ness toward communism" by
the Brown administration.
1t is instead, according to
Mr.. Bassett. a deliberate at
tempt to bolster his strength
among right-wing Repub-
licans and the John Birch
Society. Mr.. Bassett attrib-
utes to Murray Chotiner, Mr..
Nixon's 1852 campaign man
ager, who is now in after
being out during the latter
part of the Nixon Vice Presi-
dency, the warning that Mr..
Nixon must get solid Repub-
lican support to win.
This is because Of the
Democratic advantage in
registration which is. 80 and
seems to be growing, In Cali
fornia less than In most
States, this party tie, does not
bind but it cannot be ig-
nored.
Mr.. Nixon apparently be-
lieves that by attacking the
Birchers last spring he has
established a moderate posi-
ton from which it is now
safe to take, off as, he is
doing, Such calculations are
familiar in his career and
the evidence so far L.. that
Evening star., 1962-10-04
RALPH McGlLL
States Rights vs.. Federal Rights

merely the footnotes to q
page Of shameful. ugly his
tory. Lincoln will live and
grow.
Mississip PTS madness
brings to focus one clear fact.
It is that those Southern
States which have not abdi-
Gated to their extremists have
been those in which there.
were rallying points for mod
crate men, and those willing
TO place country above self
and personal prejudices.
Those States that had politi-
cal, business, religious, and
newspaper leadership that re-
fused to surrender to the
rabble have not affronted
civilization. Anarchy has not
been encouraged. Courts, law,
the American flag and its
authority have not been re-
viled and abused.
We once again are re-
minded there has never been
q solid South. Each State Is
q product of what 1t has
been, what it has accumu-
lated In education and cul-
ture, and its awareness Of its
place In the forward march
Of the Nation. It Is, for ex-
ample. significant that the
University Of Mississippi has
never been able to establish
q Phi Beta Kappa chapter Of
its own. The conduct Of its
students is a measure Of the
values they have acquired.
There are moderate per-
sons in Mississippi who do
. not approve Of what has hap
pened. But the power struc-
ture of the State, with which
most Of the press has Joined,
has made it eunadvisable for
them to speak. That this
force, so long in power. should
be so arrogantly extreme as
to defy the National Gov
ernment and to refuse the
DEGREES Of its courts is an
accusation against those ele-
ments which will endure to
their lasting shame. Presi-
dent Eisenhower was right.
1t is unconscionable and in
defensible.
(All RiEhts Reserved
Evening star., 1962-10-04
Mississippi Defence of Federal Court
Called Attack on Bosic Tenet OF y. 5.

of Federal courts then we
have one State in rebellion
against the Union. The
Union cannot do otherwise
than crush the rebellion.
The Governor of MiSsis-
sippi, the legislature of that
State, the Congressman, and
the Senators Of that State
took a solemn oath to uphold
the Constitution of this coun-
try and its laws. They
cannot, at their convenience
and for political benefits for
get their oath and cry
tyranny. The national inte-
gritty and authority is para
mount. It cannot be other
wise. Nor can those oath
bound men suddenly say that
they, themselves, will say
what the Constitution is.
This right was not given
to the Governor Of any State,
nor to its Senators or Con-
gressmen. 1t was given solely
to the United States Supreme
Court. That same Constitu-
tion declares that this Con-
stitution and the laws made
in pursuance thereof are the
supreme law Of the land.
Mississippi's violent men
have brought the United
States to shame. They every
where have unleaShed the
mentally sick, the vandals.
the hoodlumS. In Washing
ton the beautiful Abraham
Lincoln Memorial was de-
faced with red paint snears
reading, "Nigger Lover" j." In a
way this action, in 1862. is
one of the best tributes paid
him.
Such viciousness, inspired
from Mississippi, has made
plain the duty Of all those
who love their country, its
laws, its liberties, its guar
antees Of equal rights and
opportunities to each citizen.
In life, Lincoln was the object
of abuse and, finally. an as
sassin. The shoddy leadership
of Mississippi will become
Evening star., 1962-10-04
RALPH McGILL

A few days before the har-
vest of hate and lawless de-
fiance encouraged by the ex-
ample Of Gov. Ross Barnett
and his aides in Mississippi.
former President Eisenhower
contributed a public service.
He said that Federal law
must be fully enforced in
Mississippi-that Gov. Bar
nett's actions are "uncon-
scionable and indefensible."
That the Governor and
United States Senators OF
Mississippi and public Off
cials in South Carolina ana
Alabama should describe as
tyranny our Governments
insistence on the integrity OF
a Federal court order cstab-
fishing the undisputed rights
of a citizen Is one OF the
saddest and most melancholy
spectacles of our history. Not
since men were made mad in
1s5es'6l and proceeded to
bring destruction to them
selves and heart-breaking
grief and ruin to their region
has the Nation witnessed so
wagnerian q spectacle as that
produced by. the Mississip-
plans. Their fanatic deternii-
nation to defy the Union Of
which they are a mere one
fiftieth part is as ugly end
dangerous an act as has been
since 1851.
Much folly has been COM
mitted; more falsehood has
been said: and many straw
men have been cynically set
I'D in the name Of States
rights. There are no States
rights which are superior to
Federal rights. 1t ought to be
obvious to the most unin-
formed that if any one of
the so States can defy the
Federal authority. We then
have no Federal authority.
II Mississippi can deny the
citizenship rights Of one man,
that State can deny those Of
all men. If Mississippi can
refuse to accept the authority
Evening star., 1962-10-04

ROME-Prime Minister
Fanfani informed his 5cabi-
net at a recent meeting that
he will be able to propose a
solution to the Berlin crisis
when it blazes up again, pos
sibly in November.
Mr.. Fanfani did not give
any details to his colleagues
but merely added that his
plan might be looked on IA
vorably by the United States
and the Soviet Union.
It is known in diplomatic
circles here that the Fanfani
Plan was shown by the Prime
Minister to Vice President
johnson during their lengthy
talk while. Mr.. johnson was
on an unofficial visit to
: Rome.
That Mr.. Fanfani should
have undertaken to produce
a neutral plan" for the Ber-
lin issue is regarded as nat
ural by diplomats here. Italy,
while a member of NATO,
is not involved In the Berlin
and other German questions.
On the other hand, it enjoys
more confidence from the
United States and the Soviet
Union than do all other
western powers.
Last year, before Mr.. Fan
FAM decided to take the
plunge and form q left-of-
center government. he visited
Moscow and Washington. In
both places ne received ample
encouragement to adopt a
progressive" domestic policy
and to place social progress
ahead Of economic progress
which probably. has been
more spectacular in Italy
than anywhere else in, the
world.
Soon after establishment
Evening star., 1962-10-04
Pruvdu Article Hits
Red Planning System

MOSCOW. Oct. 4 tAP).-
The Soviet planning system re-
ceiyed a double blast of criti-
cism yesterday from Prsvada,
the official Communist Party
newspaper,
Pravda said because of bonus
regulations, factory managers
and workers show no interest
in designing and producing
new items. 1t is more reward
ing to turn out the same old
product because then there is
no interruption for redesign-
ing or retooling, and plans are
fulfilled and bonuses collected.
Evening star., 1962-10-04
POTOMAC FEVER
BY Pete Wyma
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Wives are sore at Astronaut schrra He flew around
the world midweek-wthout taking advantage OF the
family plan.
Congress races pass few bills before 1t quits
1t need hardly bother when you figure already have about
35 million just to enforce the Ten Commandments
- =,
Fellow says he's volunteering an astronaut as middle
orbit specialist He doesn't how long he stays up Just
so he doesn't have to take off or land.
Question-What the three branches OF government?
Answer-Jack, Bob and Teddy.
Evening star., 1962-10-04
DAVID LAWRENCE
Weekly Prayer Discussions by Senators
Called Partnership Of Human Spirit

In A. troubled. world and
In 9 troubled Nation, it is
heartening to report a sim
pie incident which furnish
,es a. symbol Of hope.
Fifteen United States Sen
ators gathered one day this
week to pray together and
to ponder the lessons of a
spiritual heritage. This break
fast group, in varying num-
,bers and including some for
mer Senators, too, has been
meeting for nearly 20 years
on Wednesday mornings
when Congress is in session.
What is said behind the
closed doors is not for pub
lication. This writer. who
happens to be q member Of
the group, has listened for
many years now to some Of
the most impressive talks on
spiritual matters, which he
wishes could. have been
published. These discussions
are. not concerned with
sectArianism but with the
broader phases of religious
life. They come spontane-
ously from the heart and
consciences Of men who have
faith In God.
These are men Of both
parties and Of varied politi-
cal PHILOSOPHERS and church
affiliations. and from all sec
tions Of the country-names
prominent in the days de-
bates and in the factional
strife Of our political system.
But when they sit down
together, 1t is in q common
partnership Of the human
spirit.
When the Senators gath
cred this week for the last
meeting OF the year, events
in the background were more
challenging than ever before.
AS they arrived at the private
dining room in the Capitol.
they had just heard over the
radio the first few minutes Of
news about the sending of
another American into outer
space. The Senate. along with
the House, has been deeply
concerned legislatively with
the ventures of the United
States astronauts into space.
1t Is not easy to put aside
Evening star., 1962-10-04
ItoIy's New Role in Diplomacy

stages to bring his country
into the continental Euro
pean economic and political
union.
Under these conditions,
Washington, which is aware
of Britains plight. was
obliged to look for another
broker for it's covert nego-
tiations with the Kremlir1.
And Italy was a natural. Ever
since Mr.. Fanfani received
the nod from the White House
and the State Department for
his policies of left-of-center
(the Italian first cousin OF
the New Frontier in which
sound economics, are prone
to be sacrificed to what is
called social progress. the
foreign policies Of Italy have
leaned more toward Wash
. ington than Bonn and Paris.
Italy also has been urging
its German and French allies
without much success-to
be lenient toward Britain's
entry into the European club:
Italy has increased spectacu+
larly its economic relations
with the Soviet Union since
Mr.. Fanfani's visit to Moscow
last year. 1t is now provid-
ing the Russians, mostly on
a barter basis, with factories
and important machinery on
a larger scale than all her
allies. 9
Rome is these days on as
close terms with Washington
and Moscow as Britain used
to be a couple Of years ago.
Hence, Prime Minister Fan
FAM feels that when the Ber-
lin crisis breaks out and be-
comes more dangerous than
ever, his proposed solution
for a peaceful settlement may
be listened to more sympa-
thetically by Moscow than II
1t had come from another
quarter.
Evening star., 1962-10-04

as mere science the miracle
Of man speeding through
space at 17,500 miles an hour,
nor to forget the possible
military implications Of the
space contest in the midst Of
a cold war" Nor can feel
ings over the tragedies and
controversies in the life of
the Nation be swept aside. as
mere emotion with out full
understanding.
For the basic point is
whether man can triumph
over himself - over the evils
Of a rnan-made environment.
Can the ''cold war" for in
stance, be won? Why Is 1t
that, despite the billions Of
dollars spent each year for
foreign aid and the hundreds
of billions expended In the
last decade for defense, the
battle is far from won, and
there are skeptics who even
question whether 1t ever will
be?
Why in the war Of words
is truth distorted and brushed
aside? Why have so many
tens Of millions Of persons
been taken behind the Iron
Curtain year after year under
a dynasty that doesn't believe
in God? These are questions
in the minds not only Of the
men in public life in America,
but in the minds Of peoples
throughout what we call the
Free World"
What Is the meaning Of
egotism that says man is all
powerful and that there isn't
any need to rely on anything
else? What does o flight
through outer space empha- :
size - the achievements of
man In science or the if1spi-
ration Of a powerful God?
The seeming helplessness
Of man in a troubled world
is lamented every day. What
can we do?" is the question
on the lips Of millions OF
righteous men and women
who do seek some guidance
Inevitably, the quest for an
answer turns on faith and
the guidance Of God. For
centuries past, men have
sought to rely on the teach
ings Of the Scriptures and on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25
Three to Discuss
Water Reuse at
Citizens Meetina

A key question in the con-
troversy over whether construc-
ton of major dams on the
Potomac River is necessary will
be discussed by three experts
at meeting at 8 pm. tomor-
row.
The discussion, sponsored by
the Citizens Council for a Clean
Potomac, will be held at NBC-
WRC. 4001 Nebraska avenue
NV.
The specific subject will be
whether Washingtun's future
water supply needs can be met
by distillation of sewage or
reuse of water-analternative
recommended by opponents of
big dams.
The speakers will be Sher-
man Gillian, chief Of research
of the Interior Departments
Office Of Discrimination:
Francis M. Middleton, chief of
the advanced waste treatment
section at the United States
Public Health Services Taft
Sanitary Engineering Center,
Cincinnati, and John Geyer of
Wolman & Geyer Associates,
sanitary engineering consult
ants, Baltimore.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25
Divided Germany
Sees Trade Drop

BONN. Germany, Feb. "a
AP)-Trade between West
Germany and Communist East
Germany declined by roughly
10 per cent during 1861, the
economics ministry reported
today.
Total trade between West
and East Germany in 1861 was
valued at 1873 billion marks
CASTS million) with West Ger
any exporting goods valued at
GIL million marks 1927 mil
lion) and purchasing goods
totalling GIT million marks
(229 million).
West Germany bought more
gasoline and sugar but less
coal, meat, wheat, ceramics and
textiles than in 1860. East
Germany purchased more iron
and steel, nonferrous metals
and wood during the same
period, the economics ministry
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25
BY the Associated Press

Some Of the mystery sur.
rounding U-2 Pilot Franci.
Gary Powers may be cleared
up for Senators this week.
Senator Russell, Democrat
of Georgia, told a reporter he
expects a complete and de-
tailed report within the next
few days from Director John
A. McCone of the Central In
telligence Agency on the secret
questioning of Mr.. Powers.
Senator Russell said the
Senate Armed Services Com
mittee which he heads may de-
eide Thursday whether Mr..
Powers should be called to tes-
tify after it receives the report
on him at a closed session.
Several Senators, including
Senator Symington, Democrat
Of Missouri, a member of Sena-
tor Russell's committee, have
urged that Mr.. Powers be ques-
toned, possibly in public.
Mr.. Powers high-flying in
telligence plane was downed
in Russia in May. 1860. He was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25
Russian Stroys
Into West Zone
WhiIeCeIebrutinq

BERLIN, Feb. "a (AP).-An
armed Russian soldier who
evidently celebrated Red Army
Day with too much gusto STUN
bled over the border into West
Berlin during the night and
was picked up by West Berlin
police.
The United States Army
command said the soldier "Was
apprehended in an intoxicated
conition" at 2 am. in the Amer
lean sector suburb of Rudow,
south of the city. The Soviet
garrison in East Berlin yester-
day celebrated the 44th ami
versary of the foundation of
the Red army.
West Berlin police turned
the soldier over to United
States military police, who held
him at Andrews Barracks until
arrangements could be made
to return him to Soviet author
tiles. A Soviet officer collected
him from the barracks at mid
day and took him back to Com
munist territory.
No one seemed to know how
he got across the heavily
guarded barbed-wire- and-con-
crete wall into West Berlin
His name was not disclosed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25
Lunch Opens
Red Cross
Observance

Elwood R. Quesada, presidenr
OF the Washington Senator.
baseball club. will address 6
luncheon at 1880 pm. Thurs.
day in the National Press Clut
ballroom launching Red eros.
Month.
The luncheon is being spon.
sored by the six Washington
area Red Cross Chapters.
In addition to Mr.. Quesada
another speaker will be 10.
year-old Stephen Schell, son Of
1t. Col. Henry Schell, U. S. A.
retired, and Mrs. Schell of An.
mandate, Va. Stephen under.
went successful open-heart sur.
gerry January 81 at Waite,
Reed Hospital and will tell Of
Ills experience ana OF the part
blood donations played.
Throughout March. which 4
traditionally Red Cross Month
the area chapters will empha.
size the blood program, volun.
teer recruitment, disaster pre-.
paredness. water safety, first
aid. nursing services and serv.
ices to the armed forces. Be.
cause Red Cross shares in the
United Givers Fund it does moi
conduct a fund drive locally.
Murray Preston and Mrs. FL
wood r. Quesada are general
co-chairmen Of the 1862 March
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25
Society Opposes
Stundup Drinking

The American Temperance
Society last night announced
1t was vigorously" opposed to
a bill which would permit
standup drinking in the Dis
trict.
The House passed bill is now
pending In the Senate District
Committee. Hearings are ex-
pected soon.
1t would enable restaurants
TO serve cocktails to individuals
waiting to be served dinner in
a screened-off area of the
establishment. Today's law re-
qulres that alcoholic beverages
can only be served to a person
who is seated.
The cost of alcoholism in
the District" said the Society
is about $25 million a year."
This sorry picture" the
statement continued, Should
not be made worse. The image
OF the National Capital should
not deteriorate more than it
has, either in the eyes of our
own citizens. or in the eyes of
the world, which has its gaze
liked so firmly on Washington
D. c."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25
Democrats Face
Challenge From
@. O. P. in Florida

TALLAHASSEE, Fla, Feb. q
CAP).-At least three Republi.
cans will challenge Democrats
for congressional seats to which
Florida will elect IL Repre-.
sentatives this year instead Of
eight.
Robert C. Bartlett and Paul
j. O'Neill, both of Miami
qualified yesterday for May
party primaries in the newly
created Sd District (northern
Dade County,. Several Demo-
Gratis are expected to seek their
party's nomination for the fall
general election.
Ralph w. Schmidt of Miami
seeks the G. o. P. nomination
against Democratic incumbent
Dante Fascell in the 4th Dis
trlct (South Dade and Monroe
County,.
Another Republican, E. j.
Guerney, is a qualified con-
tender in the new 18th District,
centered at Orlando where con-
tention for the Democratic
nomination also is expected to
develop.
Representative William C.
Cramer of St. Petersburg, serv-
ing his third term, is Florida's
only Republican member of
House or Senate. He was
elected from the list District.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-25

of Maine, the lone COP
woman Senator, blasted what
she calle d faintheartedness
among the Republicans.
Senator Fong, Republican of
Hawaii, said in another speech
that Republicans need to ask
themselves whether they have
given sufficient impetus to
humanitarian programs - or
have we lost touch with mil
lions of our fellow Americans
who no longer regard Republic
cans as their champions?"
In discussing surveys and
public-opinion polls, Mr.. Miller
said Gallup polls at this stage
of the congressional election
years of 1912, 1916 and 1850
strongly favored the Demo-
Gratis, but that the Democrats
later lost ground.
Recalls AZ Gains
Take 1912" Mr.. Miller said.
I'm that year Roosevelt's popu-
larity stood at "a per cent.
Only SO per cent Of those polled
favored election of a Republic
can Congress. The upshot? We
picked up Al seats"
He said in 1916, with an
adverse Gallup index of 80 per
cent, the Republicans won Sc
more seats and captured con-
troll of the House.
In 1850 only 90 per cent of
those polled favored election
of a Republican Congress, he
said, yet the COP. wound
up with 1919 per cent of the
major party vote and a gain
Of % House seats.
Mr.. Miller cited COP. VIC
tories and narrowing Demo-
cratic margins in many cleo
tons since 1860 to back up
his claim that a Republican
upsurge is under way at all
levels of government.
us this a sign that the
G. O.P. is about to collapsed"
he asked.
In eight of nine special cleo
tons for the House since 1860
in which a Republican candi-
date was entered, Mr.. Miller
said, the G. o. P. nominee re-
ceived a higher percentage of
the vote than did the Republic
can running for the office in
the 1860 regular election.
In the single contest in which
the Republican percentage
slipped, he continued, the Re-
publican candidate won anyway
by 81.
Democrats won seven of the
nine contests.
Mr.. Miller also said that in
four of five Statewide cleo
tons since 1860, Republican
candidates improved on the
showing made in the last COM
parable election.