davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Space Secrecy
Of u. S. Draws
British Criticism

LONDON, Mar. Is (AP) -
The British magazine Flight
said today the United States
in launching satellites secretly
is practicing "brinkmanship ir
space"
1t particularly denounced the
launching of a United States
Air Force secret satellite last
Thursday, commenting:
THE 1860 summit meeting
preparations were blasted by
the i'll timing of the U-2 affair
Now, a satellite carrying OBJ.
servation equipment is launches
on the day following Mr.. Khru.
shchev's suggestion of CO.
operation in space"
Flight" said the Unitec
States "has withheld basic or.
bital information from worlc
scientists" on its launching ot
last October 81. November %
December %, February 27, anc
March 7. It declared this ha.
prevented scientists abroa
from studying the orbits anc
learning new facts about the
structure of the high atmos-
phere."
The article said it seemed
likely that all six launching.
carried aloft equipment of tn,
Samos reconnaissance or Mida.
early warning type.
Flight" is published pri.
vately and has no official OF
scientific society connection.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
(B.) REQUIRE TRUTH
IN LENDING"

Consumer debt outstanding,
including mortgage credit, has
almost tripled in the last dec
ade and now totals we'll over 5000
billion. it's widespread avail
ability has given consumers
more flexibility in the timing of
their purchases. But, in many
instances, serious abuses have
occurred. Under the chairman
ship of Senator Douglas, a sub
committee of the Senate Bank
ing and Currency Committee
has been conducting a detailed
examination of such abuses.
The testimony received shows
a clear need for protection of
consumers against charges OF
interest rates and fees far
higher than apparent without
any real knowledge on the part
of the borrowers of the true
a mounts they are being
charged. Purchasers of used
cars in one study for example
paid interest charges averaging
Is per cent a year, and ranging
well above this; yet very few
we're aware of how much they
were actually paying for credit
Excessive and untimely use
of credit arising out of ignor-
ance of its true cost is harmful
both to the stability of the
economy and to the welfare OF
the public. Legislation should
therefore be enacted requiring
lenders and vendors to disclose
to borrowers in advance the
actual amounts and rates which
they will be paying for credit
Such legislation, similar in this
sense to the "Truth-in-Securi-
ties" laws Of 1933-34, would not
control prices or charges. But
it would require full disclosure
to installment buyers and other
prospective credit users, anc
thus permit consumers to make
informed decisions before sign.
ing on the dotted line. Inas.
much as the specific credi
practices which such a bill
would be designed to correc
are closely related to and otter
combined with other types O.
misleading trade practice
which the Federal Trade Com
mission is already regulating
I recommend that enforcement
Of the new authority be assigned
to the Commission. The Gov
: ernment agencies most con
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Text Of Kennedy Message on Protecting Consumer

of two business firms which
substantially reduce effective
competition. AS in the case of
unfair methods of competition,
damage once done is often ir-
reparable, and the Government,
acting through the courts, can
not readily restore the degree
of competition existing prior to
the merger. Accordingly, 1
strongly recommend enactment
of legislation to require reason
able advance notice to the
Department of Justice and to
the appropriate commission or
board of any merger expected
to result in a firm of substan-
tial size. This will enable the
businessman to obtain advice
in advance, without litigation,
as to whether a proposed mer-
ger would be regarded as con-
trary to the public interest. In
addition, along with the rec
commended authority for the
FTC to issue cease-and-desist
orders, it is an essential safe
guard a against combinations
which might cause unwarranted
increases in consumer prices.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Stevenson Says Cuba
Seeks Soviet OAS Veto

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y,
Mar. IS (AP).-The United
States accused Fidel Castro's
Cuba last night of trying to
subject the Organization of
American States to a Soviet
veto in the United Nations
Security Council.
Ambassador Adlai E. Steven
son made the charge in a public
statement after Cuban chief
delegate Mario Garcia -Inchau-
Stegui declared that the recent
GAS action against his country
was illegal.
In a two-hour speech, Mr.
Garcia -Inchaustegui cited a U
N. charter provision that says
no regional agency shall take
enforcement action without the
Security Councils authorize
ton.
He contended that the
American foreign ministers
violated both the U. N. anc
OAS charters when they agreed
in Punta del Este. Uruguay, ir
January to expel Cuba from
the OAS and reduce trade with
the Castro regime.
And" he added, "those il.
legal coercive agreements were
implemented without the ap.
proval from the Security Coun'
Gil required for such measures.
He requested that the Council
ask the International Court O.
Justice for an advisory opinion
on whether the OAS actor
without council authorization
was in accord with the U. N
and OAS charters. Meanwhile
he urged that the council
suspend "the illegal agreement
of Punta del Este and al
measures taken in the nam
of those agreements"
Evening star., 1962-03-15
In the Interest Of All

AS all of us are consumers,
these actions and proposals in
the interest of consumers are
in the interest of us all. The
budgetary investment required
by these programs is very mod
est-but they can yield rich
dividends in strengthening our
free competitive economy, our
standard of living and health
and our traditionally high ethi-
cal patterns of business con-
duct. Fair competition aids
both business and consumer.
1t is my hope that this Mes
sage, and the recommendations
and requests it contains, car
help alert every agency and
branch Of Government to the
needs of our consumers. Their
voice is not always as loudly
heard in Washington as the
voices of smaller and better
organized groups-nor is their
point Of view always defined
and presented. But under our
economic as well as our polit-
ical form of democracy, we
share an obligation to protect
the common interest in every
decision we make. I ask the
Congress, and every Depart
ment and Agency, to help in
the fulfillment Of that obliga.
ton.
Evening star., 1962-03-15

cerned in this area have been
cooperating with the sub
committee in developing the in
formation necessary to prepare
a workable and effective bill;
and in view of the exhaustive
hearings already held, I hope
that the Congress can complete
action on this important matter
before 1t adjournS.
Evening star., 1962-03-15

Soon afterward, a United
States spokesman gave report
ers this comment from Mr..
Stevenson:
II think that what we are
really facing is not a legal
problem but a political effort
to extend the Soviet veto over
the Organization of American
States through the Security
Council.
Certainly no new arguments
were put forward that have
not already been rejected either
by the Security Council, the
General Assembly or the OAS.'
The United States spokesman
said the Soviet Union would
speak first today and the
United States almost certainly
would follow. He predicted the
debate would end tomorrow
Western diplomats have sale
they have the votes to defeat
Cuba's proposal.
The Council agreed to take
up a complaint of last Thurs.
day presenting Cuba's lega
argument, even though it hac
declined on February 27 to take
up a somewhat similar Cubar
complaint that did not ask fol
a court opinion.
The Cuban delegate said thu
OAS had victimized Cuba or
what he called the false as.
sumption that Cuba was {
satellite Of the Red China,
Soviet bloc countries and ;
menace to western hemisphere
peace. He said expulsion Of al
OAS member was not au
thorized by the OAS charter
He charged that the UniteC
States promoted the OAS de
cisions to cover up new ag
gresSions.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Recommendations

In short, existing laws in
the food, drug, and cosmetic
area are inadequate to assure
the necessary protection the
American consumer deserves.
To overcome these serious stat
utory gaps, I recommend:
l. First, legislation to
strengthen and broaden exist
ing laws in the food and drug
field to provide consumers with
better, safer, and less expensive
drugs, by authorizing the De-
partment of Health, Education
and Welfare to:
(a) Require a showing that
new drugs and therapeutic de-
vices are effective for their in
tended use-as we'll as safe
before they are placed on the
market;
tb) Withdraw approval OF
any such drug or device when
there is substantial doubt as to
it's safety or efficacy, and re-
quire manufacturers to report
any information bearing on its
safety or efficacy;
(c) Require drug and thera-
Ipeutic device manufacturers to
maintain facilities and controls
that will assure the reliability
of their product;
Id Require batch-by-batch
testing and certification of all
antibiotics;
p, (e) Assign simple common
names to drugs;
(f) Establish an enforceable
system of preventing the illicit
distribution of habit-forming
barbiturateS and ampheta-
mines:
(g) Require cosmetics to be
tested and proved safe before
they are marketed. and
(h) Institute more effective
inspection to determin {
whether food, drug, cosmetics
and therapeutic devices are
being m anufactured anC
marketed in accordance with
the law;
2. Second, legislation to au'
thorize the Federal Trade Com
mission to require that adver
tising of prescription drugs di
rected to physicians disclose tn
ingredients, the efficacy, ant
the adverse effects of sucl
drugs; and
8. Third, legislation to broad
en- the coverage of the Mea
Inspection Act administered b,
Evening star., 1962-03-15

the Department Of Agriculture,
to promote adequate inspection
in cooperation with the
States and industry - Of all
meat slaughtered in the United
States.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Tooth Member

ROME, Mar. is (AP) Newly
independent Tanganyika has
become the Tooth member OF
the United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Strengthening
Existing Programs

This Administration has
sponsored a wide range Of spe-
cific actions to strengthen ex-
Evening star., 1962-03-15
cilities for the easier purchase
of such publications.
New Legislative
Authority to
Protect Consumer

In addition to the foregoing
measures. new legislative au-
thority is also essential to ad-
vance and protect the consumer
interest.
Evening star., 1962-03-15

complete coverage contributes
to the diversion of unhealthy
animals to processing channels
where the products are unin-
spected and can, therefore, be
a threat to human health.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Recommendations

3. In view of the potentially
anti competitive abuses to
which the use of patents and
trademarks are by nature sub
ject, I recommend:
Enactment of legislation
requiring publication of the
terms Of all settlement agree
ments between different per-
sons applying for patent rights
on the same invention-for re-
cent hearings have shown that
such agreements may include
features designed to weaken
future competition at the ex-
pense of the consumer: and
-Enacement of legislation
authorizing the FTC to apply
for the cancellation Of any
trademark which is, or becomes,
the common descriptive name
of an article and thus should
be in the public domain. While
a competition has lcb a right
today, it is import IF the
FTC is to have clea nthority
to halt this kind of un4 If COM
mercial advantage - that the
Senate insert this provision in
it's review Of trademark legis-
lation (H.R. 4333) already ap-
proved by the House.
(E) Truth in packaging."
Just as consumers have the
right to know what is in their
credit contract, so also do they
have the right to know what is
in the package they buy. Sena-
tor Hart and his subcommittee
are to be commended for the
important investigation they
are now conducting into pack
aging and labelling practices.
In our modern society good
packaging meets many con-
sumer needs, among them con-
venience, freshness, safety and
attractive appearance. But
often in recent years, as the
/ hearings have demonstrated,
these benefits have been accom-
panied by practices which frus-
trate the consumers efforts to
get the best value for his dollar.
In many cases the label seems
designed to conceal rather than
Ito reveal the true contents Of
the package. Sometimes the
consumer cannot readily as
certain the net amount of the
product, or the ratio OF solid
contents to air. Frequently he
, cannot readily compute the
comparative costs per unit Of
different brands packed in odd
sizes, or Of the same brand in
large, giant. king size, or jumbo
packages. And he may not rea-
lize that changes in the Gus
tomary size or shape of the
package may account for ap-
parent bargains, or that cents
off" promotions are often not
! real savings.
Misleading, fraudulent or un-
! helpful practices such as these
Z are clearly incompatible with
: the efficient and equitable
: functioning Of our free COM
petitive economy. Under our
/ system, consumers have a right
? to expect that packages will
$ carry reliable and readily use
able information about their
contents. And those manufac-
turers whose products are sold
in such packages have a right
to expect that their competi-
tors will be required to adhere
to the same standards. Upon
completion of our own survey
of these packaging and label
= ling abuses, in full cooperation
}, with the Senate Sub-commit-
tee, I shall make recommends
tions as to the appropriate roles
y of private business and the
4 Federal Government in improv-
ing packaging standards and
. achieving more specific dis
closure of the quantity and in
S gradients of the product inside
t the package in a form con-
venient to and useable by the
o consumer.
4 4 y y
: In the Interest Of All
Evening star., 1962-03-15
(D) STRENGTHEN LAW S
PROMOTING COMPETI-
TION AND PROHIBITING
MONOPOLY.

4sAOANOA OAAe
The most basic and long
standing projections for the
right Of consumers, to a chaice
at a competitive price, are the
various laws designed to as
sure effective competition and
to prevent monopoly. The
Sherman Act of 1890, the Clay
ton Act of 1914, and many re-
lated laws are the strongest
shields the consumer possesses
against the growth of un-
checked monopoly power. In
addition to the measure now
nearing final passage which
would provide subpoena powers
for civil as well as criminal
antitrust Investigations, sew
eral other improvements are
needed.
l. The Federal Trade Com
mission should be empowered
to issue temporary cease-and-
desist orders against the con-
tinuance of unfair competitive
practices while cases concerned
with permanent relief from
such practices are pending be-
fore the Commission. Under
the present law, smaller COM
petitors may be driven into
bankruptcy or forced to accept
merger on adverse terms long
before the present remedies be-
come effective, thus reducing
the competitive safeguards vital
for the consumer. Similarly
deceptive trade practices ir
consumer goods may do their
damage long before the Com
mission can "lock the barn
door," I. therefore, reiterate
my previous recommendation
that the Congress give prompt
consideration to effective legis-
lation to accomplish this pur.
pose.
2. The consumers right to 6
reasonable price can also b.
adversely affected by mergers
Evening star., 1962-03-15
POWERS LEAVES WITH WIFE

W Pilot Fags Gary Powers and his wife Barbara leave for
Pound Va home being questioned
ment officials His wife with him while hide
but for the last she had staying with mother
Miedgeville Ga.-AP WrephOO
Evening star., 1962-03-15
co. MANUFACTURE
OF ALL-CHANNEL
TELEVISION SETS

Five out of six home televiSion
receivers today are equipped to
receive programs on only the
IL very-high frequency VHF)
channels. AS a result, in most
areas, stations desiring to oper-
ate on any Of the 10 ultra high
frequency (UHF) channels
would usually have such small
audiences that there is little
incentive to make the substan-
tial initial investment and con-
tinuing expenditures that ef-
fective broadcasting requires
The result is a sharply re-
stricted choice for consumers.
After extensive study, the
Federal Communications Com
mission has concluded that ar
effective and genuinely COM
petitive Nationwide television
service, with adequate provi-
sion for local outlets and edu-
cational stations, is not posi-
BILE within the narrow confines
Of IL VHF channels. Legisla-
ton now before Congress would
authorize the Commission tC
prescribe the performance
characteristics Of all new tele.
vision receivers shipped in in.
terstate commerce to assure
that they can receive botf
WIFI and UHF signals.
strongly urge its passage al
the most economical and prac.
tical method Of broadening tht
range Of programs available
This step, together with thC
Federal aid for construction O.
educational television station
which is nearing final passag,
by the Congress, will speed tn,
full realization of television'
great potential.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
6. Consumer Information and
Research-and Consumer Rep
reSentatiOn in Government

Government can help con-
sumers to help themselves by
developing and making avail
able reliable information.
Milford chronicle., 1962-07-20
Maynard Grunstra To
Be Ordained Sunday
Continued from page one)

continued from page one)
who will give the charge to the
congregation receiving Mr.. Gruns-
ira as its pastor.
The Moderator of Susquefanna
Presbytery, the Rev. Mark S. M
Ray, will preside. He will ask the
constitutional questions of b o t b
new pastor and congregation. Mr.
Ray lis pastor of the First United
Presbyterian Church, Oneonta, N
Y.
A resident of II ston, NJ r.
Grunstra was graduated in 1855
from Milford High School. He re-
ceived his A. B. degree, wi t h
honors, from Elizabethtown Col
lege, Elizabethtown, Pa, in 1859
His bachelor of divinity degree
was earned from Pittsburgh Theo-
logical Seminary and was awarded,
again with honors, on May 8, this
year.
During his training, Mr.. Gruns-
ira served as student assistant at
the ohio United Presbyterian
Church, Aliquippa, Pa. for on e
year; as student minister of the
Mundale Presbyterian Churc h,
Walton, N. Y, one summer; and as
Director of Youth Work at the
Liberty Presbyterian Churc h,
Liberty Borough, McKeesport, Pa,
for the past two years.
Bovina United Presbyterian
Church is located in the scenic
Catskill Mountains of New York
State. 1t is in the heart of New
York's famed dairy land. The
church has communicate MEM
bership of 253 with some $50 chill
dren and constituents not on it's
roll. 1t was established in 1909 by
Scotch settlers to the New York
farming area, and has continuous
ministry since that time. MIR
Grunstra will be it's fourteenth
minister in that long history and
its first minister who was called
right out of a Seminary.
Milford chronicle., 1962-07-20
Harrington
School News

At the regular meeting of t h e
Harrington Special School District
Building Commission held in the
school cafeteria Monday evening
bids were accepted for playground
equipment at the Pierre S. dupont
School from the Mexico Forge Co.
and the American Playground
Equipment Company.
The bid of Lanning Music. Com
pany of Wilmington for furnishing
piano to the school was accepted,
as well as equipment for furnish
ing the cafeteria of the Pierre S.
DUPONT School from the Cascade
Paper Company of North Adams,
Mass.
The Commission also approved
change orders for furnishing utili-
ties to the newly located shop
building and the replacement of
termite-eaten floors, door jambs
and doors in the present auditori-
UNI.
At its reorganization meeting
Roland Kitchens was reelected
chairman of the Building Commits
sion, and William w. Shaw, vice
chairman.
At the regular Board of Educa-
ton meeting held following h e
Commission meeting, Mrs Musetta
Cox was elected president of the
school board for the 1962-63 school
year. William w. Shaw was elected
vice-president of the Board.
The Board approved the adver-
tising of vacancy for a teachers
aide for the elementary school, for
a secretary for the high school,
and for two part-time assistants as
dishwashers in the cafeteria of the
high school.
Liability insurance was discuss
ed as a result of a decision from
the encouragement. The super
intendent was authorized to de-
termine the type of liability how
carried by this school and school
personnel.
The Board established the End
Tuesday of each month at 1880 as
it's regular meeting with the ex-
ception of August when the meet
ing will be held on the third Tues
day at 1880 pm.
Milford chronicle., 1962-07-20
Paris C. Kirby Heads
Shore Electric Coop.
Continued from page one)


Walter Spence, Manager of Del
Elec. Coop, Assistant Secretary.
Howard Hall, President of Chop
tank Elec. Coop Director.
Alden Short Director of Del.
Elec. Coop. Director.
Francis Thomas, Director of Del.
Elec. Coop. Director.
w. R. Goffigon, President of Ac-
comack-Northampton Elec. Coop. :
Director.
Baxley t. Tankard, Attorney for
ACCOMPLISHMENTS Elec. CO.
op. Director.
The Choptank Electric Coopera-
tive was organized in 1888 and now
serves 1880 Consumers over 31O0
miles of line in 8 counties of Mary
land Manager of the Cooperative
is F. E. Yeoman.
Delaware Electric Cooperative
was organized in 1886 and serves
11,191 Consumers over 2300 miles
of line in two counties of Delaware
Observation-Disclosures Electric
Cooperative was organized in 1941
and began operating in May 1912
1t serves 5,242 Consumers over IT'S
miles of line in Accomack an d
Northampton Counties in Virginia.
The officials of the Cooperative
plan to make application for a loan
to finance the Steam Generating
Plant and Transmission lines to
Rural Electrification Administra-
ton within a short time.
Southern Engineering Company
of Atlanta, Georgia, and Burns and
Mcdonnell Engineering Company of
Kansas City, Mo-, are engineers for
the plant and have completed pre-
liminary cost studies.