davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-04-19

nation. Kentucky, Missouri, and
Oklahoma demonstrated that de-
segregation was workable. North
Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas
showed that the fear while wait
ing for desegregation was worse
than the process itself. Little Rock
and New Orleans gave sad testi-
mony to the dangers of last ditch
massive resistance. This fall, At
lanta and Dallas proved that, with
ample planning and given no in
terence from state government,
local communities can move ahead
with the task at hand without dis
rupting community life.
The tortuous route of one state
down the path from begrudging
acceptance to defiance and mas
sive resistance and back to re-
luctant choosing of some integra-
ton in preference to closed schools
is carefully chronicled by Benja-
min Muse in Virginia's Massive
Resistance. This is book which
no serious student of social tran
sition can afford to miss. 1t is
written in a highly readable style,
testifying to Colonel Muses. abili-
CONTINUED on Page -
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-04-19
A BOOK
REVIEW
Continued from Page ~

NSOntinucu lTOIH age
writings on the indignation ques-
ton. His vertical integration"
plan is good example of how
he takes the most controversial,
emotion-packed issue and discov-
ers a ridiculous side. He noted
that nobody objects when a Negro
stands next to him eating a hot
dog. 1t is only when he sits
down. If all theaters and buses
would take out their seats, all the
fuss would be over, suggests Mr..
Golden. His newest tongue-in-
cheek idea is for all American
Negroes to wear turbans.
AS for nuclear war, Mr.. Golden
says we must seek the agreement
of the Soviet Union to drop its
bombs only at night Otherwise
families won't be home together
watching television.
IF the Russians won't guaran-
tee to drop their bombs at night,
then maybe we just shouldn't
have the war;" he concludes.
Very silly, but SO are wars.
All his columns, however, are
not on the problems of the world.
Many are everyday observations.
When does woman begin wear
ing sensible shoes. Harry Col
den knows. How to detect bad
cook is another of his observa-
tons - one of his most contro-
versia1.
A famous storyte1ler himself,
Mr.. Golden is ir k d by those
well-meaning folk who when re-
ferring to any Negro, say that
big colored fellow" or when re-
ferring to any Jew, that little
Jew"
Not all of Mr.. Golden's COM
ments or favored subjects will be
brought up in polite society, but
his bluntness gives way to his
accurate reflection of large part
of America that is strong and
vibrant. Most of his readers would
fight to defend the title of Mr..
Golden's book which was his inn
migrant fathers favorite saying,
You're Entitle' You h ave
rights.
And Harry Golden wants to see
to it that we all have a chance
to exercise these rights. More
power to him.-Robert C.. Berg
enheim.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-04-19
Am Acknowledgements

Southern reaction was varied,
ranging from relieved to resistant
but almost without exception
resigned to the inevitability of the
Courts decision.
Virginia is an interesting case
in point. AS Muse points out in his
book, Dowell Howard, Virginia
State Superintendent of Public
Instruction, said when the decision
| was announced: There will be no
defiance of the Supreme Court as
far as l am concerned. We are
| trying to teach children to abide
by the law Of the land, and we will
| abide by it." The then-Governor
Thomas 3. Stanley is quoted as
saying that the state would g. i.
work toward a plan which will be
acceptable to our citizens and in
keeping with the edict of the
court" But Harry Byrd, Virginia's
senior Senator, said in Washington
| that the decision was most seri-
Gus blow to the rights Of the states
and that Virginia faced a crisis Of
the first magnitude.
Unhappily for Virginia and for
| the good name of the nation, Mr..
Byrd carried the day, and the Gov
| ernor shortly about-faced and said
that he would use every legal
means to maintain segregation in
the schools of Virginia. The Rich
mond newspapers, which at first
had editorialized that the state
could work out plans for desegre-
cation, also about faced and es-
poused the doctrine of defiance.
The Supreme Court followed the
1854 decision with an implementa-
ton decision on May 81, 1855; it
contained five major provisions:
! Cd it called upon local school
boards to develop plans for deseg-
regating their schools, (2) it pro-
vided for '1ocaP' review Of these
plans by Federal District Courts,
60 it called for good faith COM
pliance with the "a decision, (4)
it called for a prompt and reason
able start toward desegregation,
and 60 it set the desegregation
legal process in equity to provide
for local flexibiity.
The South, or much of it, instead
of using the year of grace to plan
for compliance with an admittedly
difficult decision, spent the time
preparing to defy the Courts edict
and deny the law of the land. Old
doctrines, long ago laid to rest,
were resurrected, and politicians
in southern Governors Mansions
and Legislative Halls spoke omin-
ously of interposition and nullifi-
cation. White Citizens Councils and
their counterparts sprang up, the
Khan experienced a revival, and
the people of the South were led
to accept the doctrine of massive
resistance.
A series of articles appeared in
national magazine entitled 1.-THE
Deep South Says Never" Some OBJ
servers of the southern scene be-
lieved, mistakenly, that the poll
ticians were p i n 6 to a
ground-swell of popular opposi-
ton to the courts decision. His
tory will record that the reverse
was true: the politicians famed
the fires of defiance; it will also
note, unhappily, that there were
sparks to be fired and that the
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-04-19
Continued from Page -

new peoples and new ideas swept
across the nation in the S0s COS and
early 190Os and adjustments were
being worked out to them, the
South was isolated and withdrawn
from the mainstream of American
life. BY and large, no attempt was
made to adjust to new ideas and
virtually no new people came to
the South; Southern effort was di-
rected at reestablishing, as closely
as possible, the old order ante
bellum. Members of old families
once more sat in the Governors
chairs and legislative halls.
The period of southern isolation
extended from 1877 until World
War when the nation, preparing
for war, trained many OF her
soldiers in southern camps and
many Southerners, both white and
Negro, went North to work in the
munitions factories. From 1917 to
the coming of the New Deal the
South slowly emerged from its
isolation. The New Deal and
World War II brought the South
back into the mainstream of
American life. Now the self-image
of Southerners began to resemble
that of the rest of the nation more
closely than at any other time since
the early days of the Republic.
Fighting against the Nazi myth
of a herrenvoIk led many South
erners-Negro and white, mostly
young-to question the validity Of
white supremacy. The questioning,
added to the egalitarian influ-
ences of the New Deal, set the
scene for the major challenges to
the Southern Way of Life, 'the
effects of which we are still ex-
periencing. Also in this era Negro
leadership, largely concentrated in
the National Association for the
Advancement of ColOred People
(NAACP), switched from consci-
ence appeals to court action.
Change AcceIerates
The period from the end of
World War II to 1854 may well be
called the Decade. of Accelerated
Change. Negro leadership, citing
the equal protection clause of the
Fourteenth Amendment to tn {
United States Constitution, started
the assault on legally enforced
segregation. The walls of discrimi-
nation began to crack and, in SON
cases, tumble. Cases challenging
Jim crow transportation, the ex-
clusion of qualified Negro students
from state supported colleges and
universities, barring of Negroes
from jury service, the white-pri-
Il01 anu lSCIitCIlL VI
tive housing covenants by courts
were heard by the Supreme Court
of the United States. AS each of
these cases moved up the appellate
ladder, southern editorials warned
that, should the Court set aside
southern m 0 d e n d customs,
blood would run in the streets.
The Supreme Court, with it's eye
on the Constitution, overlooked
the editorials and proceeded to
knock down the legal validity
of each of these doctrines. Blood
did not run in the streets, riots
did not occur, the South began to
d just to the demands of the
times Z. slowly, even painfully
but to adjust.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1962-04-19
East Side
Continued from Page u


before got to the
fourth American Teegone and Telepath
Company all party lines really
feel sorry for of humor
you public apology to Mr. East his paper and
because make such tremendous issue
of how he flaming the prejudice sponsors violent
Scotchsh and how it going to spread 10
other sources the hatred nfame the passions
when reality the exact opposite was occurring and any
thinking should be able understand that 1t is my
impression either duped nfamed beyond reason
TO m statements you made
might interest you native of ST. Louis
My and all of family from
lived Louisiana for the last five years
graduates inegrated University of Michigan
details of the terrible riots in Detroit
Chicago than fifteen before Little
pubczed internationally The liberal
socialist and also communist not as influential then
unfortunate that people such apparently have
of the problems OF megraon
segregation throughout United States You continually fall
political of trying to buy votes by your stand
It and national reputa
the Congressional Record something that just be-
Mississippi and tanning and
again using your of men" and
entirely uncaed for unnecessary and
studied the situation you wouo
keep your mouth shut
My wife and get extremely peeved of the northern
politicians counting Negro they feel in their home
that they have problem We know the towns
visit and where wife was born wnefe mere
signs mo Negroes allowed after 700 PM My wles
home town at had 10 Negroes in the town.
my words Others the real segregation
and will get worse IN WASH
ingon Chicago and the like not in the South MY
ST. Louis terrified to even 60 INTO
daylight much less out at night IheIe
plenty publicity about the problems washington ~
other northern liberals cease trying to mtame
of to criticize the Sou te Sooei
will be solved more reasonably.
Very Truly yours
CCK:bjm
James Eastland
Allen Elender
Representative John B. Williams
Representative T. A. Thompson
Well there you have it, Senator Paul Douglas is in his
place! But you know Eve been thinking about this and
don't written makes happy; it's the
fact copy Senator james eastland and Con-
gresham John williams both Mississippi boys, the kind
who'll save Nation, whether it needs saving or not
Yes SIR theyre my kind of statesmen!
Read The Ads Along With The News
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-18
Don't blame your dentist
if false teeth loosen I'D

privacy of your own home. Snug holds
false teeth tight-grips gums like living
tissue. Always stays soft-never hard
ems and ruins plate-peels right out
when replacement is needed. Harmless
easy to clean.
Snug eases sore gums when plates
get loose and don't fit. So don't blame
your dentist when gums shrink and
dentures wobble. Get Snug brand Den
ture Cushions today. liners for upper
or lower plates. $1.50. At all druggists.
Money back If not satisfied.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-18

Don't blame your dentist If false teeth
loosen up-gums feel sore-can't eat solid
food-afraid to laugh for fear plates
will fall out. It's not your dentists fault
Mature shrinks your gums. Then plates
get loose-feel Observation-Disclosures go
'clickety-clack" -embarrassing. What
to do?
If you can't afford another set of
teeth, get Snug@ brand Denture Cush-
ions-a new soft plastic that relines
loose false teeth in a jiffy. You do 1t
yourself with a pair of scissors in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-18

If you take vitamins, get
enough rest, yet still feel tired
you may need more than
ordinary vitamins to restore
your normal strength and
energy. Your WORKOUT feel
ing may be due to iron-poor,
Tired Blood.
VitaminS alone can't build
up iron-poor blood. But
GERIToL can! Because
GERIToL contains 7 impor-
tant vitamins and, in addi-
ton, supplies the therapeutic
amount of iron needed
to build iron-rich red blood.
Just 2 GERToL tablets, or 2
tablespoons of GERIToL
liquid, contain twice the iron
in a pound of calves liver!
1t is this rich source of iron,
combined with high-potency
vitamins, including essential
B vitamins in ) to S times the
minimum daily requirements,
that make GERIToL such an
effective strength-building
tonic. In only one day,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-18
DO YOU TAKE
WTAMINS and
STILL FEEL TIRED?

GERIToL-iron is working in
your bloodstream, carrying
strength and energy to every
part of your body!
Proved BY Medical Tests!
Patients diagnosed with
iron-deiciency anemia fire.
quently were pale, nervous,
irritable and easily tired.
After patients took GERIToI-
daily, doctors reported def
mite clinical improvement -
further confirmed by labora-
tory tests. Remember, ordi-
nary maintenance vitamins
can't do it! But the high-po-
tency combination of vita
minis plus iron in GERIToL
can help you regain your
strength and energy.
So when you feel tired,
check with your doctor and
if this is your problem, take
fast-acting GERIToL every
day. You must feel a notice
able difference in the first
seven days. or your money
back from the maker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-02-18


CASEY: HOsO many NesU York teams?
@uiz 'Em
Questions from the news
By TOM HENRY
Brand-new record Who is die only major
league baseball man to haze been connected as player
or manager uidt all four Of NesO York's major
league clubs?
Casey Stengel, as manager of the new National
League team, the Nets. Previously he played with
and or managed the Dodgers, Giants and Yankees.
-CC.C., MT. VERNON, NY.
Your Health . Hoso much do medical services
cost each american?
Each individual averages $3.50 year in drugs
and hospital bills, doctor and dentist fees and
health-insurance policy premiums.
LIB, RowAYroN, CONN.
Old Glory THAT is the fifth and ne'oest place
uheye the Stars and Stripes fly "a hours day?
The Marine Corps Memorial in Arlington, Va.
Other places: Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, the
Capitol, Fort McHenry near Baltimore, and Francis
Scott Keys grave at Frederick Md.
-E.CH., WASHINGTON, DC.
Big bill Whose face stiH appear on the ne,o
$4,000 bill?
The late Senator Carter Glass of Virginia,
father of the Federal Reserve system.
-A.R.N., CENTRAL IsILP, NY.
Earth people . Hoc nsany americans haze
neuer been up in the air, in plane that is?
According to American Airlnes surveys, so
per cent of the us. population has never been up
in plane. EN-, BURBANK, CALF.
this column Questions
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22
SCI Contempt Case
Taken Under Study

in Bankruptcy here last Feb
ruary.
Mr.. Symonds and Mr.. Lif-
shutz had claimed the Fifth
Amendment privilege to ques-
tons asked them at a meeting
of Mutual's creditors here last
June.
The questions asked in the
bankruptcy form involved prop
erty held by the association,
wages, bills, employees, taxes
due and cash on hand.
In claiming the privilege
against determination for Mr..
Symonds, Washington Attorney
Jacob A. Stein told Judge Win
ter there is still an unspent
tide in this case and I am un-
able to tell what further indict-
ments may be returned"
Rourke j. Sheehan of Rock
vile, appeared as attorney for
Mr.. Lifshutz.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22
Orchid Society
Names Winners

Winners were announced to-
day in 20 classes in the 18th
annual Orchid Show Of the
National Capital Orchid So
ciety at Lansburgh's Store,
Shirlington, Va.
First place winners in the
horticultural division of the
show, include Mr.. and Mrs. c.
B. McClaskey, Mrs. r. c. Kess-
Ter, Mrs. w. j. Hardy. Mr.. and
Mrs. r. P. Abbot and H. F.
Winters.
Also, J. M. Franklin, James
Angleton, Kensington Orchids.
Russell Omoto and Rod Mo
Lellan (tie), Mr.. and Mrs. r.
E. Lippoldt. and the Maryland
Orchid Society.
First place winners in the
Artistic Arrangements division
include Frank Sharpnack, Mrs.
B. P. Cooper, Mrs. Curtis Wer-
ner, and w. S. Child.
The show which opened yes
terday, continues through
Wednesday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22

BALTIMORE, Oct. % (Spe-
ciaD Federal Judge Harrison
L. Winter today took under ad-
visement contempt of court
charges against two officials
Of a defunct Montgomery Coun-
ty savings and loan firm.
The man, Robert Harold Sy-
monds, Silver Spring, and Nor
ton Lifshutz, 1000 block Six
teenth street, NV, had re-
fused to answer questions re-
garding the operations Of the
Mutual Security Savings and
Loan Association. Mr.. Symonds
was president and Mr.. Lifshutz
a director Of the association.
Attorneys for Mr.. SymondS
argued today that If he an
swered questions put to him in
Federal bankruptcy forms it
would help the State prosecute
cases pending against him in
Montgomery County.
Both Mr.. Symonds and Mr.,
Lifshutz are under indictment
in Montgomery County On
charges Of conspiracy to de-
fraud in connection with the
operation of Mutual Security
The firm was placed in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22
BroyhiII Steers Clear of Drive
To Put Almond on Federal Bench

constituents and not on some
one else's."
The congressman said Presi-
dent Kennedy left himself
vulnerable" when he criticized
his (Broyhill's record during
a televised news conference re-
Gently MY record compares
very favorably with other men,
beers of Congress-" he stated,
Gas a matter Of fact, the Presi-
dent was less effective when he
was in Congress"
Mr.. Broyhill said he was mot
offended" by charges that he
was politically affiliated with
Senator Byrd. He said he and
the Senator were "close friends
and often work together in
Congress Ito solve the prob
lens of Virginia" But, Mr.
Broyhill added, There's no
undercover, unholy alliance
here"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22
Virginia to Hold
Highway Hearing

The Virginia State Depart
ment will hold a hearing on a
route relocation which will pro-
vide a new 3.5 mile access to
Dulles international Airport
from Lee Highway (Route 90
2lD at Centreville.
The hearing will be held at
10 am. November % at the
Chantilly Fire Department
Auditorium.
The proposal is to relocate
the 3.5-mile stretch of State
Route Is which connects Gen.
treyille with the community Of
Chantilly, on Route SO. The
relocation of Route % would
lead directly into the new &C
cess road to the airport which
now takes off from Route so
about a half mile west OF
Chantilly.
Ultimately q foor-lane divid-
ed highway will be needed for
the relocated route and rights
CT way for the ultimate design
will be acquired.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22

the Southern Manifesto against
indignation.
This is the thing I hold
most against Broyhill," the
Democratic candidate declared.
Mr.. johnson traced his own
role in the movement which
struggled to keep the public
schools open during the days Of
massive resistance.
Stirred Up Conflict
On his segment of the pro-
gram, Mr. Breyhill said Mr..
Johnson's dramatic and rash,
over dramatized" statements
make the political conflict in
the campaign appear "a good
deal worse than it Is"
II prefer not to refer to any
other candidate in this race,
but to stick to the problems"
he added. I'm running on my
own record of service to my
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22
Candidates Face
Round of Coffees

The Silver Spring Women's
Republican Club will hold a
"round-robin of coffees" for %
local candidates at five places
in Silver Spring morrow
night.
The candidates have been
divided into five groups. Each
group will make five stops. The
tour is to take 21a hours.
They will stop at the homes
of Mrs. Lee Hammer of 1901
Dale drive, Mrs. Joan Hoover
of 2015 Glen Ross road. Mrs.
Lydia Shreve of 8710 haywood
street and Mrs. Hammond Odor
of, 1922 Lorain avenue and at
the community room of the
Coup on Piney Branch road.
hands of the Federal Referee
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22

~ NOIlOI odA0f bOV AoSAANA
He said that in 1856 hundreds
of motorists who were ineligible
to receive new license tags be-
cause Of failure to meet finan-
cial responsibility requirements
got them anyhow.
lone Baltimore man using
four different names improperly
received nine sets Of license
plates in 1856, according to
testimony brought out in case
in traffic court" Mr.. O'Conor
said.
Frank Small admitted that
the licenses were issued through
carelessness," he said.
Vale to Aid Tawes
In another political develop
ment, Francis ]. Vale. the man
whose nomination for Balti-
more States attorney was up
set after opposition from Gov.
Tawes, is in the Democratic
Governors camp today.
Mr.. Vale, who won his short
lived nomination with the helI
of Baltimore Democratic bos'
James H. (Jack) Pollack, gave
Mr.. Pollock the back of hi;
hand by entry into the political
fray as head of a COMMITTEES
to promote Gov. Tawes among
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..
Mr.. Vale was nominated for
States attorney of Baltimore
last August after a hastily
called meeting Of the city
Democratic Com m / ttee. The
nomination to fill q vacancy
created by the death Of in
cumbent Saul A. Harris, was
made at the meeting, engi-
neered by Mr.. Pollack, at the
same hour Mr.. Harris was being
lowered into his grave.
The outcry over the Vale
nomination drew several court
suits and strong opposition
from Gov. Tawes. 1t was upset
in court over protests by Mr..
Valle's attorneys that the mat
ter was a fight between two
political factions-Mr. Pollack's
and Gov. Tawes'.
Subsequently, a candidate
backed by Gov. Tawes, William
j. ODonnell, was nominated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-10-22

Yesterday, Mr.. Vale showed
up as chairman Of a committee
to counterfeit what the Tawes'
camp called transformation
about the Governors feelings
toward Italian-Americans in
Baltimore.
A statement last week by
Mr.. Pollack prompted forma-
ton of the committee. In a
speech at Goucher College, Mr.
Pollock charged that Gov,
Tawes had refused to indorse
Joseph L. Broccolino, jr., for
a Municipal Court judgeshir
because he is Italian.
Letter to 1900
In a letter to be sent to II ,00C
Baltimore residents, the Vale
committee said:
I'VE have made a careful
study of the records of the
candidates for office, and WI
are impressed with the achieve
ments brought about by Gov
Tawes. We urge you to vot
for Gov. Tawes. :"
Republican gubernatorial can
didate Small issued a state
ment today accusing Gov
Tawes of becoming "a politi'
cal chameleon in order tt
make every voter as happy as
possible until November 6, In
an effort to cover up the po-
sitions he has taken during his
administration"