davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-01-26
Brief Breakdown of System Wednesday
Viewed as Raising Procedurol Problem

The President, then, could
not be directly quoted and
the emphasis was on under
standing the situation rather
than the letter of the answer.
Even so, problems arose. They
became more acute with
radio. Today it is a clear
and present danger that not
all our tears will wash out a
word Of what the magic
lantern portrays in a con-
frontation Of news gatherers
with the President. "a"
It is an outworn cliche that
other nations cannot be ex-
pected to understand the
American definition Of the
freedom of the press. A rec
ord is there now in all its
StarkneSs and what exists is
freedom of explanation and
analysis all over the world.
President Kennedy, who
loves to read, write and talk
and what is more unusual,
will even read his critics and
try to understand what they
are saying-began by plan
ming to use the press confer
ence to the utmost degree. He
soon perceived its limitations.
He has tried to overcome
Evening star., 1962-01-26

motor vehicles" raher than
only autos.
In the case Of the January 16
agreement, the full tariff re-
duction would not be carried
out at once, but would be put
into effect in stages.
This would be true also under
the new Kennedy program, in
which reductions would be car
ried out over a five-year period.
If the Unuited States auto
industry is unduly hurt by for
eign imports, the remedy under
present law would be to raise
the tariff.
Under Mr.. Kennedy's pro-
posal, the tariff remedy would
still exist but in a watered-
down form. Instead, the Ken
nedy emphasis would be on
Government aid to auto firms
and workers. Manufacturers
would be given help to modern
ize to meet foreign competition
better or to turn to production
Of other goods.
Evening star., 1962-01-26
DORIS FLEEsON
Risks of the Press Conference

them with small parties for
editors and publishers and
with interviews for report
ers and columniSts. But the
corps Of correspondents is too
big for this to be the ideal
solution. Besides, there are
the many foreign correspond
ents to be considered.
To suggest that presidential
press conferences not be tele-
vfsed is puerile. That tech
biological revolution, like all
such revolutions, is here to
stay, unsatisfactory as it is
to many people, and it must
be nodded and shaped to the
best interests of the country.
1t won't go away, and it is
not in the public interest
that it should.
It has long been apparent
that instant communication,
complete with pictures, is a
challenge to the written word.
The newspapers cannot es-
cape that challenge, any
more than other publishers
can.
In the effort to handle pub
lie affairs in the traditions of
a free society, all channels
are in it together. They broke
down briefly at the Presi-
dents press conference. But
they cannot be allowed to
break down because of the
faults of an individual.
Evening star., 1962-01-26
S. WHITE
Kennedy Tactic Expected to Emboross
Republicans More Than Democrats

A bit of old-fashioned do
mestic political gamesman-
ship-an unfamiliar thing
in Washington for many
months because of the iron
pressures Of endless foreign
crises-has raised its head.
No one is altogether sorry;
life has been far too grim
around here for a long time.
This Is the central mean
ing of President Kennedy's
proposal to create a cabinet
Department of Urban At
fairs and Housing" by Execu-
tive order, and so bypass a
resisting Republican-South-
ern Democratic coalition in
the House Of Representatives.
Four Deep Southern mem
bers of the House Rules Com
mittee Joined all five of its
Republican members in re-
fusing to clear a legislative
bill to set up such a depart
ment. Mr.. Kennedy has
elected to put all the blame
on the Republicans and to be
rather silent about the fact
that four dissident Demo-
Gratis Joined them in opposi-
ton.
The President is simply
taking the opportunity to
twist the tail of the COP.
elephant. For the Republi-
cans have long been pro-
claiming their eagerness to
get closer to the urban vot-
ing centers and to minority
groups generally. And it is
precisely these centers and
groups that are most inter-
ested in the creation of a De-
partment of Urban Affairs.
Moreover, to add a second
twist to the tail, the Presi-
dent has underlined that he
wants a Negro, DR.. Robert
Weaver. to head the new
department and thus become
Evening star., 1962-01-26

the first member of his race
to enter the cabinet.
Mr.. Kennedy may or may
not get his plan through
Congress. To do the thing by
Executive order he must sub
NIT a scheme, under his gen.
eral powers to reorganize the
Government, which would be-
come effective unless directly
voted down by either House.
But whether or not he gets
it through is less important
politically than the chance it
gives him to put the Repub-
licans in both houses gen.
orally on the record-and on
the spot.
The action. or inaction, of
the House Rules Committee
put only a handful of mem
bers on the record. This little
affair alone would make a
pretty thin and cloudy issue
for the coming congressional
elections and the 1864 presi-
dental election.
The heart of the new
maneuver. from the Presi-
dents viewpoint, is that it
will not embarrass his own
party nearly so much as it
will embarrass the Republi-
cans. The bulk of Democrats
are for the bill, anyhow. Too,
the plan does not involve any
direct presidential attack on
the congressional leadership
of either party. The people
the President is reaching for
are rank-and-filers. Thus he
will not ALLEVIATE the top
G.. o. P. leaders, whose help
he will need in more serious
enterprises.
What the tactic really does
Is to permit the President to
handle his Southern problem
in Congress simply by ignor-
ing it and talking sadly in
stead about his Republican
problem.
Evening star., 1962-01-26
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Britans transport minister says French chefs aren't
hygienc Well the get the bugs of their
cooking it'll taste quite British-and all perish of
hunger together.
The Kennedys invite Khrushchev's daughter to dine at
the White House. Red Chinas Chou Enai has question
for other Communists: would want daughter to
eat with an imperialist?"
Harvard young Republicans pan the COPS "Ev g.
Charlie" show Next the Vassar young Demo-
Gratis to ask ban all photos of Jackie Caroline Ethel
and Princess Radziwin
California's Governor Pat Brown says his foe Dick
Nixon is all "knees and elbows In politics. this is known
trying to leave your opponent without leg to stand
Q-Why do the Democrats want a Department of Urban
Affairs? A-Yeah why can't they their affairs in
some discreet country hotel like everybody else?
Evening star., 1962-01-26
Officials Cite Need
For New Tariff Power

men and workers to adjust to
new conditions through Federal
subsidies. Present safeguards
rely on direct tariff relief.
While the list of goods COW
cred in the January 16 United
States-Common Market agree
ment is not expected to be made
public until March because final
negotiating processes are still
under way, it has been author
itatively reported that autos
are one of the items.
Auto Trade Cited
Using autos as an example,
here is how the present deal
would work compared with its
potential treatment if Congress
approves Mr.. Kennedy's request {:
The Common Market coun-
tries-France, West Germany,
Italy, Belgium, The Netherlands
and Luxembourg - presently
have different tariffs on cars,
ranging up to Italy's 40 per
cent. BY 1869, the Common
Market countries auto tariffs
towards each other will have
dropped to zero while the aver
age Common Market auto tariff
toward the outside world will
be 20 per cent.
The United States duty on
foreign cars is currently 8.5
per cent.
Under the January 16 agree
ment, the United States auto
duty would drop to about 6.5
per cent and the Common
Markets auto duty to about
% per cent.
Reciprocity Required
Under the definition used in
Mr.. Kennedy'S new trade Law
request, autos probably would
be one of the items whose tariff
he could lower all the way to
zero. If he negotiated on this
with the Common Market, any
agreement would have to in
clude a reciprocal reduction by
the European group. And the
negotiation might deal with q
broader category, such as
Evening star., 1962-01-26
President Criticized as Failing to Exert
Influence on Labor as on Management

try was reported last autumn
ready to increase its prices
because of wage increases
won by the steel union after
a costly strike, the President
sent letters to the principal
steel companies and put on
a publicity barrage that
placed them before the coun-
try as unmindful Of the public
interest. Actually, they didn't
increase prices and the rea-
son, it is believed, had to do
with competitive conditions.
Next summer, however. when
another steel strike is threat
ened, the steel companies
may have to go up in their
prices if the unions succeed in
demands for wage increases.
A belated step has Just
been taken by the President
with respect to the electrical
unions agreement for a Is
hour week. Although the
strike ended January 10 after
q week of disruption Of the
construction industry in the
largest city in the country,
and although an agreement
was signed almost a week
ago, the White House said
nothing before or immedi-
ately afterward. The issue
was really untouched until
editorial comment generally
criticized the administration
for its obvious onesidedness.
Then came the following ex-
change at the Presidents
press conference on WedneS-
day of this week:
%. Mr.. President, In the
face Of your economic mes
sage urging both manage
ment and labor to moderate
their policy regarding price
and wage increases, would
you tell us how you feel
about the electricians union
contracts in New York which
call for a 25-hour week?
"a. I have stated before
I think at the steelworkers
convention before I was
elected - and I've stated
since then, that I thought
that the 40-hour week - in
view of the many obligations
that we had upon us both at
home and abroad-repre-
sented the national goal at
this time.
I'm addition, I thought
that labor Encouragement con-
tracts should be settled with
in the realm Of productivity
Evening star., 1962-01-26
DAVID LAWRENCE

President Kennedy is rely
ing on the power Of public
opinion, rather than the re-
strictive powers of Govern
ment itself. to bring about
craftsmanship" In the field
d labor-management rela-
lions. But somehow he fails
10 speak out forcefully
against labor unions before
they strike for unwarranted
increases in wages, while he
issues sharp warnings to
management to forgo price
increases based on rising Ia
Dor costs.
A good example Of this
omission is the case Of the
electrical construction work.
ers' union in New York which
has just extorted an agree
ment for q 25-hour week at
higher wage rates, with over
time pay for at least an addi-
tional five hours per week.
This means the electricians
now will get approximately
the same pay for 30 hours as
they previously were getting
for IS hours, plus higher
overtime pay for the addi-
tional hours they expect to
work In view Of the shortage
Of union electricians in the
area.
Labor union circles hailed
this agreement as a historic
break-through," and the New
York City Central Labor
Council urged all affiliated
unions to press for the short
er week. At the same time,
the Building Trades Employ
ers Association was being told
by construction cost analysts
that, If all the industry's
craftsmen in the city won the
shorter week, the cost Of COM
mercial construction would
go up by 10 per cent and Of
residential construction by 7
per cent.
President Kennedy knew
all about the electrical work.
ers' demands and their strike,
which caused the shutdown
of practically all construction
in New York for a time. The
mayor Of New York, q polit-
ical ally of the President, was
in the midst Of 1t and took
no action to denounce the
labor union for its exorbitant
demands. Public opinion ap-
parently was not mobilized
by the White House.
Yet, when the steel indus
Evening star., 1962-01-26
ADVERTISEMENT.
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and be sure let US look at
your watch and give it the re-
liable Burk Cure Well clean,
adjust, repair and you'll get a
full year unconditional guaran-
tee, including breakages {.
NOW you know what time it is
time to have your watch
fixed. Ernest Burk, Inc, 6l4 18th
st. NV, between F and G Sts
Next to First Federal. Our only
store. q 1861
Evening star., 1962-01-26
By the Associated Press

Administration officials said
today the recently concluded
United States tariff agreement
with the European Common
Market will probably be the
only such pact possible unless
President Kennedy gets new
tariff-cutting powers.
Under the agreement, reached
in Brussels on January 16,
the United States and the Com
mon Market agreed to trim
duties 20 per cent on a wide
range of industrial goods.
Officials said no further &C
cord like this is now possible
because:
/. The President has used
up Just about all the 20 per
cent tariff cut authority re-
naming under the present re-
ciprocal trade law, enacted in
1858 and due to expire on
June 80.
2. The Common Market was
only temporarily interested in
negotiating tariffs item-by-
item as it shaped its external
tariff wall. Hereafter, tariffs
within the multi-nation Euro
pean group will be reduced tc
zero. And because of the great
obstacles against item-by-item
agreement among a number OF
countries, the Common Market
wants hereafter to negotiate
:, its external tariff only on the
! basis Of broad categories Of
goods.
New Power Asked
Mr.. Kennedy asked Congress
yesterday for a new five-yeal
United States trade law which
he said is needed to enter int
deals with the Common Market
He sought power to wipe ou
completely duties on some man
ufactured products, lower tariff
DIP to so per cent on othel
items and negotiate cuts b.
categories instead of Just item
by item as presently required.
He also requested authorit!
to help United States business.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
YOUR
MONEYS WORTH
The Great Trade Debate
sY SYLVIA PORTER

riers which protect industries
and workers in the booming
against the competition of our
European Common Market
exports. The objective, in other
words, is prosperity through ex-
pansion of trade between Eu-
rope and the United States.
Specifically, the legislation
would:
Cd Give the President power
to abolish completely during
the next five years tariffs on
groups of products where the
United States and the EuroL can
Common Market together &C
count for 80 per cent or more
of the worlds trade.
In these groups are most OF
the products we'd like to sell
more of to Europe and goods
in which we're distinctly COM
petitive. Here too are most OF
the products Europe would like
to sell more of to us. On these
goods, in five years, there'd be
no tariffs - and they'd move
as freely across the Atlantic as
they now move, say, from New
York to California.
(2) Give the President power
to cut other traits by so pei
cent in reciprocal negotiations
over the next five years.
New Program Planned
While the new law is to re-
place the historic Reciprocal
Trade Agreements Act of 1884
this second clause continue!
Evening star., 1962-03-15
SECNumes Brown
Acting Chief Of
Capitol Office

Alexander j. Brown, jr., has
been named acting adminiStra-
tor of the Washington regional
office of the Securities and Ex-
change Commission. it was an
nounced today.
Mr.. Brown has been assistant
regional administrator here
since November, 1858, and sue
ceedS William j. Grove, who
has been transferred to the
SECS Division of Trading and
Exchanges.
The new acting administrator
is a native of Chicago and a
graduate of the Loyola Univer-
sity Law School. Before coming
here in 1858, he was employed
in the commissions Chicago re-
gional office, where he became
chief trial attorney in l949.
Incidentally, Mr.. Brown is
not related to the family which
founded Alex. Brown & Sons,
Baltimore investment house.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
BIG BOND AWARD
BASEDON MINUTE
BID DIFFERENCE

NEW YORK, Mar. IS
(AP). - Less than one.
thousandth of a cent fig
ured in swinging a $780,
900 bond deal yesterday.
Actually the deciding
factors were the digits in
the seventh and eighth
places after a decimal
point.
The unusually close fig
uring came about in COM
petitive bidding to under
write the issue sold by the
State of Connecticut to
raise money for highway
building.
The successful group of
underwriters, led by the
Chase Manhattan Bank,
offered to pay 0.07999999
for each $1,000 bond in the
offering. A group headed
by the First Boston Corp.
bid 100.079999.
Statisticians figured the
difference between the bids
on the entire issue at some
where between 48 and So
cents.
Evening star., 1962-03-15

part of a section destined to
become the most important part
of the National Capital.
The branch is to be located
in either the North Plaza or
South Plaza Building, which
will be known as the Aviation
and Space Buildings on Tenth
street, between D and E streets,
S.W. Its quarters are scheduled
to be ready for occupancy by
November, 1868.
The Space and Communica-
ton complex of five buildings
will include the Aviation and
Space structures and a 1000
room hotel. Plans were an
nounced a few days ago by
Developers Webb & Knapp.
Security Bank will enter the
Southwest Washington Rede-
velopment area at a time when
American Security & Trust Co.
and McLachlen Banking Corp.
are the only other banks op-
Grating offices there. The new
branch will not be close to
other banking facilities.
Mr.. Addison also announced
the banks directors have de-
clared the usual semi-annual
dividend of 6 per cent or $3.50
a share. payable March 80 to
stockholders of record March
10
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Bethesda Bank Plans
Chonqe in Name

The National Bank of Be-
thesda Chevy Chase has re-
ceived permission from the
Controller of the Currency to
change its name to the State
National Bank of BetheSua, it
was announced by Michael Lee
Lonney, board chairman and
president.
A special stockholders meet
ing will be called shortly for
a vote on the proposed change,
Last week the Controller also
approved an application for the
bank to establish a branch Of
flee at Connecticut and Knolls
avenues in Kensington, Md.
Evening star., 1962-03-15

One of the most significant
debates of our economic history
has opened in Congress-and
apparently most Americans are
unaware of what it's about.
Every responsible recent sur
vey of voters shows this ig-
norance of and indifference to
the Trade Expansion Act of
1862 which President Kennedy
has submitted to Congress.
Every poll indicates that even
those who are aware that this
legislation would revolutionize
our foreign economic and trade
policies are hazy about the
why's and hows.
Many in favor or the law
because I believe in Kennedy"
don't realize that tariff cuts
made under it would shut down
factories and erase jobs. Many
opposed to it because we don't
need to export and I don't want
foreigners taking jobs away
from United States workers"
don't realize that if our export
trade Shrinks, the result could
be a severe depression.
Act Is Explained
Under the Trade Act of 1862,
Mr.. Kennedy is asking for
power to reduce the tariff bar
riers which protect our indus
tries and workers against the
competition of foreign imports.
He is requesting this authority
in order to be in position to
bargain down the tariff bar
Evening star., 1962-03-15

president to senior vice presi-
dent of the firm.
j. Theodore Daley, who is
in charge of the commercial
loan department here, has been
advanced to vice president from
assistant vice president.
William F. Fritz, who spe-
ciaiizes in commercial loans in
the Washington area, has been
named assistant vice president
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Annex Expe|s
Broker, Fines
Two Partners

NEW YORK, Mar. is (AP) .
The American Stock Ex-
change announced today the
expulsion of one partner in a
Wall Street brokerage firm and
$4,000 fines against two others.
The actions, by the exchange
Board of Governors, were an
outgrowth of another case last
year which led to an investi-
CATION of the exchange by the
Securities and Exchange Com
mission.
Expelled from allied men,
bership was Anthony j. Cor
dano, a general partner OF
Josephthal g. Co. Fined were
Andrew Baird and Herman E
Froede, also identified as gen.
eral partners in the firm.
The bard, after a lengthy
secret meeting last night, said
Mr.. Cordano violated the ex-
changes constitution by MAX
ing misstatements to the Busi-
ness Conduct Committee of the
exchange during a committee
investigation.
Expelled by Big Board
Following the ASE action
Josephthal said Mr.. Cordanc
had withdrawn as a partner IN
the firm. The New York Stock
Exchange then said the with
drawal severed his connection
with the Big Board.
In a comment issued in its
own behalf and that OF the
three disciplined partners
Josephthal said the firm re-
GREETED the ASE action. The
DEVELOPMENTS were called the
"only adverse experience" or
the part of Mr.. Cordano in hi
40 years with the firm, and or
the part of the firm in its 81
year history.
Mr.. Baird and Mr.. Froedt
were charged under a provision
of the exchange constitution
that holds members responsible
for acts of their firm or fol
any partner.
5 Josephthal & Co. was di
! rected to pay the fines, which
the board said were the maxi
mum permitted.
Five Specific Findings
Five spe pe"ific findings wer
; made agar. :. ,hthal & &C
as a firm, includll-e failure u
; use due diligence in handlin
5 customers and accounts unde
! the exchanges know you
S customer" rule.
. Partners of the firm wer
s ordered before the board TO
) a reprimand.
? The new developments wer
an offshoot of events tina
: brought expulsion and crimina
! charges against two prominen
9 ASE insiders" Jerry an
8 Gerard Re. The Res, fathe
Z and son, were accused Q
: multiple manipulations an
: illegal stock sales totaling NOR
S than $40 million.
Evening star., 1962-03-15
Rising Pay Trend
Is Reported for
Bourd Members

NEW YORK, Mar. Is (AP)
"A trend toward higher pay
for directors of business corpo-
rations was reported yesterday.
A study by the National In
dustrial Conference Board also
showed a tendency among
manufacturing concerns with
large boards of directors to re-
duce their size.
The NICB queried 592 COM
panies in manufacturing and
326 corporations in other fields.
In the last three years, it
found, pay for outside directors
was increased by one of four
manufacturing firms, one OF
three public utilities and one
of five non-manufacturing
concers.
Evening star., 1962-03-15

the heart Of the 1884 law. Under
this provision, many deep tar
iff reductions could be made,
and on broad categories Of
goods, not single items.
90 Set up a new program
to help businessmen, workers
and farmers hurt by increased
imports to adjust" to the COM
petition.
This is to be a focal point
of the battle in Congress, for
always in the past, when Amer
leans have been hurt by i'm
port competition, our response
has been to protect them by
slapping a ceiling on the inn
ports or raising tariffs so high
the foreign product became
non-competitive. Now, the ap-
proach would be-: let the i'm
ports come in and assist those
damaged" to adjust to it. Com
panies would get help to mod
ernize and reorganize their
plants; workers would get re-
training for other jobs, unem-
ployment allowances, aid in
moving to other communities.
"a Modify the clauses in the
present law which in recent
years have allowed hundreds of
tariff increases.
In extraordinary instances"
an industry still could get a
stiff tariff increase but the
circumstances would indeed
have to be extraordinary, and
industry would have to submit
a truly good case.
A simple tariff" debate?
Hardly! This legislation would
pave the way for a vast trad
ing alliance of the non-Com-
munist nations. It would open
a new era of unity and tough
competition in the free world.
1t would both hurt and help
us.
distributed 1862 by tie Hall Syn
dicate. All Rights Reserved.)