davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-10
Soviet B|oc's Common Market System

tinesS of bloc resources available
for intra-bloc aid and the virtual
drying up of the Soviet financial
assistance within the bloc during
the past few years have been
additional handicaps in the CO.
operation for long-range ventures.
Division of Labor
The second principal goal of
the present phase of Comecon
Observation-Disclosures division of
labor-is closely connected with
the planning problem. The first
steps toward the international di-
vision of labor within the camp
we're taken in 1855 and 1856, when
Stains concept of developing in
each satellite country a complex
economic system resembling the
Soviet system in almost every de-
tail was abandoned. There is no
need to produce everything at the
same time everywhere" Mr..
Khrushchev declared. Instead,
each country was to concentrate
on the production of things in &C
cordance with its natural capaci-
ties and the needs of other mem
berS of the worldwide socialist
market. Between 1856 and 1859,
specialization had been determined
in the production of approx
mately 600 products. Too, a con-
siderable effort was made to
standarize machinery and to in
troduce uniform chronological
processes.
To date, the following division
of labor among the member
countries has been agreed upon:
Poland is to concentrate on
machine building, shipbuilding,
coal extraction and chemical pro-
duction.
CzechoSlovakia is to devote it's
efforts primarily to the develop
ment of machine production for
heavy industry, especially for the
chemical and power industries.
East Germany will produce
tools, power machinery and ma
chinery for the metallurgical and
chemical industries.
Rumania will produce agricul-
tural machinery and equipment
for the petroleum industry.
Bulgaria, in addition to raw
materials, is to develop chemical
industry and specific machinery
and equipment
The USSR alone will develop
all economic sectors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-10

medical and allied services avail
able"
1t does this, furthermore,
through a system which, from the
consumers point of view, is al
most miraculously uncomplicated.
In comparison with the various
social security medical systems
that exist in other European
countries, the British system is a
model of simplicity.
AS basis for the system, every
one in the country over the age
of Is is entitled to choose his own
family doctor. He can do this sim
ply by going to his local post
office, where a full list of service
doctors in the area is kept. Hav-
ing chosen a doctor, he is free to
call on him for consultation as
often as he sees fit. If, after
making his choice, he is not salts
fled with the service he is getting,
he is free to switch to another
with a minimum of formality. If
he falls i'll away from home he
can go to any other health service
doctor free Of charge.
The doctor has some rights, too.
He is not obligated to take on
any patient against his will. If
he feels that he already has
enough people to take care of he
can refuse new applicants. He
can also, with the consent of the
local executive council, drop I'M
wanted patients, though the coun-
Gil must see that everyone who
wants it gets equal care.
Bureaucratic Restraint
A good deal of stress is laid on
the point that each doctor is free
to treat his own patients accord
ing to his own professional dis
erection. There is no attempt at
RECOMMENDATION of medical judg-
ment. There are no rules as to
what drugs or treatment should
or should not be prescribed in
specific cases.
A purist. perhaps, might find
certain infringements of this gen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-10

universal free service. But the fact
remains that patient can live
IN a state hospital where all his
needs are taken care of a good
deal more cheaply than he can
live at home.
Fixed Fee System
Instead Of fees from patients,
the general practitioner is paid a
fixed fee by the government &C
cording to the number of names
he has on his panel" or roster
of patients. The maximum num-
Der permitted is $500. The aver
age is somewhat less than 1900.
For each of these patients, re-
gardless of whether he ever sees
them or not, he is paid a "capi-
tation fee" of $2.73 a year. An
additional bonus of $1.90 is paid
for each patient within the range
of 401 to 1000 on the doctors
list in order to make moderate
size panels more financially at
tractive.
This is supposed to supply the
average doctor with what a re-
cent Royal Commission decided
an average doctor should make.
1t comes to about 5000 a year,
which in Britain is not considered
bad pay for a physician, though
there are plenty of doctors around
who apparently don't agree.
In the hospitals, the surgeons,
consultants and specialists are
paid salaries according to their
skill and experience. There is also
a system of distinction grants"
designed to attract highly quail
fled men. In the hospitals, too,
there is some dissatisfaction, par
ticularly among junior doctors.
about rates of pay. Senior men, it
seems, have few complaints.
Visitors Benefit, Too
The cost of this program last
year was about $2.6 billion, rep
resenting the third largest item
I'll per cent? of the total budget,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-10
By STANISLAW SKRZYPEK
Contributing Writer

The economic indignation of
Eastern Europe is drawing more
and more interest from Western
observers of Soviet bloc activities.
On one hand, development of
the Common Market in Western
Europe has led to speculation
about the future of it's East Eu-
ropean counterpart, the Council
of Mutual Economic Assistance
(Comecon). On the other, new
approach to intra-bloc economic
cooperation has become apparent.
The old methods of indignation
by slaviSh satellite imitation of
the Soviet economic system and
the mechanical subordination of
satellite economies to Soviet needs
are now being replaced by func-
tional Indignation, based primar-
lily on the ideas of international
division of labor and supra ma
tional long-term planning.
Last week there was a Soviet
bloc summit conference in Mos
COW under the auspices of the
council. This in itself is a sign
that the system of intra-bloc CO.
operation is not working as ex-
pected and that the Soviet bloc
countries are facing serious eco
nomic difficulties.
During most of the Stain era
the period of building socialism
in one country"-Lenin's idea had
no practical application. The first
attempts at its realization were
made in 1949 when, in response
to the Marshall Plan in Western
Europe, the Soviet Union created
Comecon. This organization was
then hailed as a vehicle for So
Wet economic assistance to the
satellites and for the co-ordina-
ton of national planning in the
area.
Re- directing Trade
Originally only the USSR, Po-
land, Czechoslovakia, Hungary
and Rumania we're represented,
but shortly afterward the repre-
sentatives of Albania and East
Germany Joined the council. Rep
resentativeS of Communist China.
North Korea, North Wet Nam and
the Monaghan Peoples Republic
were later admitted as observers.
In practice, Comecon was used
during it's first six to seven years
of existence to support the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-10
The 20-Yeor Plan

41OO 4oA bA4N A1ONASO vi eAASAAS
has produced a full-fledged YER
sion of the 20-year economic plan.
Apparently it has been seeking to
force its adoption as binding
model for all bloc-wide long-range
planning. The 50th plenary ses-
sion of Comecon at Warsaw in
December 1861 was supposed to
accent it as "a program for the
entire international Communist
and workers movement" but the
communique issued after the seS-
sion failed to mention whether
such decision was actually
reached. So far only Czechoslo-
vakia and Bulgaria have stated
officially that the 22d CPSU Con-
greSs program is also their own"
program.
Whether long-term bloc-wide
planning will actually come into
being or not cannot yet be an
swered. But it is certain that
supernatural planning ambi-
GIO4lo VI SOI1ICCOIl Will NC 1dSCN
with considerable difficulties.
The lack of a uniform price
and cost system, the slow progress
of technical Standardization of in
duStrial production, the existence
of customs barriers between Come
con members, and the absence of
multi-lateral agreements and cur
rency convertibility are usually
pointed out as major obstacles
on the road to the successful
supernatural planning. There
are other difficulties as well. Some
bloc members appear to suspect
and not without reason-that
long-range bloc arrangements will
tend to favor Soviet interests, and
that the supernatural planning
may eventually lead to further
limitations of existing vestiges of
national independence. The scan
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-10

The new emphasis on supra
national long term planning seems
20 show that opposition among
certain circles of the camp (espe-
cially in Poland, which advocated
economic cooperation between
the individual national economies
rather than rigid supernatural
planning, has been broken, and
that Mr.. Khrushchev's concept of
a unified camp, in which econo-
mic planning becomes increasingly
centralized and uniform, has pre-
vailed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-06-10
Visitors Benefit, Too

The cost of this program last
year was about $2.6 billion, rep
resenting the third largest item
I'll per cent? of the total budget,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
LTNOLEUM OR TILE MECHANICS
MAINTENANCE MAN

MAINTENANCE MEN, for office
II pm; middle-sge, married.
sober, fully exper. to handle char
service group. Handy in cleo, car
pentry, air conditioning and gen.
erRl repair work. Bring local ref
erenceS. WILLIAM BUILDING.
1923 Eastern avenue, Silver
Spring, Nd.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18

STABLE MANAGER, age IS. expe-
rienced all phases of caring for
tTaininR A trotters and pacers no bTy.
ing and selling riding horses and
ponies. Non-drinker, moving here
from Midwest, available after
September 1. 966-4605.
TEACHER-H. g., math., phys,
chemistry, Is yrs. exper. Excel.
refs. Univ. deg. Avail. AID. 4-3S42.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
MOTOR TRAVEL

AUTO DELIVERY SERVICE, nc.
"a Hours. 7S3-7254. ST. $1,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
Maintenance Plumber
and Asst. Engineer

Large. completed apt. project. Just
across the District line. knowledge
OF minor plumbing, electrical re-
pairs. oil burner repairs. etc. SS5
per week. Box 3s4-J, Star.
MAINTENANCE MAN TO handle all
complaints for a lee. metropoli-
tan construction firm. Must have
own tools and be an exper. car
penter and general handyman.
Top sal with all CO. benefits TO
man who can qualify. Write CON-
MUNITY BUILDERS. INC. 1890
K st. NV, Wash. 9. D. c.. givtng
complete details. age. exper.. quail
ifications, refs, salary desired.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
SALES TRAINEE

Nationwide major oil COM
pany seeks an aggressive
young man who desires q
future in petroleum sales.
Full salary while training in
all phases of marketing. Age
90 to 80, college education
necessary. general selling
experience preferable. All re-
plies in stricteSt confidence.
Forward resume together
with photograph to Box
225-J, Star.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
TO APPLY

SALES TRAINEE OPPORTUNITY
for married man, age % to 81,
to learn sales and mgt. $40 guar
antee to start. Car necessary. Call
Mr.. PHILLIPS. -S64- 6Sl9' 12 to
3 pm. or e to 2 pm.
SALES-SEPVICE, men living in the
Washington area to call on super
markets for large manufacturer;
Previous experience with food
broker or in similar line preferred
but not essential. This is an ex-
cellent opportunity and offers q
good chance for advancement. Sal
airy: 500 week plus commission
and all expenses. Send resume CIV
ing your previous Jobs. education
marital status and age. Your re-
plies will be held in strictest con-
fidence. Our employees know Of this
ad. Address Sales Manager, Box
QOSZ Gtar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
PLUMBERS

New construction. Located in Ar
lington. Alex, and Fairfax. ia,
2-1149. Or apply 3471 Washing
ton blvd, Arl.. Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
PHARMACIST. reg D
PLUMBERS

Mechanics, junior mechanics. Steady
new work. Commercial, residen-
tial and institutional 2704 On
tario I'd. NV, CO. 5-4700.
PITTNRER iobbing and remodeIing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18

STEAMFITTERS AND HELPERS.
all-winter work inside. Apply fore
man at lSl9 K ST. NV, 7.30 am.
A. S JOHNSON co.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
HELP MEN

SHORT ORDER COOK, all around
man 10 assist manager. must have
local refs. Rockville area. Phone
HssN
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
HELP MEN
PLUMBERS wanted for sey

wanted for several lge.
ant. projects in Md.-Va. area.
WA. 9-52S4.
PLUMBERS AND PLUMBER HELP
Frs for new construction work in
Nd. Va. and D. c. From %. call
AID. i-6O60. aft G-3n. 10 $500.
PLUMBING AND HEATING MA
TERIALS PRICING CLERK. must
be experienced. Call Mr.. HAN
DLEY. ia. 9-Sl00.
large Jobs. D. c. and
Nd Steady work through winter
GEORGE 2. WARNER. l0l Que
- RI DErn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
HELP WOMEN
MANAGER. garden-ty
RETIRING GIRL FRIDAY

RESIDENT MANAGER, garden-type
and apt. Exper. and references
TO Box 25a-J. Star.
RETIRING GIRL FRIDAY
With 10 years mortgage loan proc
esSing experience is looking for
q replacement for her nice Job. II
you have similar experience, like
good Job with q minimum amount
Of supervision in a brand-nev Of
flee for a company who will pro-
vide you with many benefits, in
GLIDING free parking. please call
g65-l05O. 8 to 5. 5 days per wk.
SALES, drug. cosmetics, clerks
checkers, local exper.s good hours.
STANDARD DRUG co. 1900
Int
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-18
HELP WOMEN
lcONIINuEpl

CANDY DEPT. sales girl. exper.
helpful, but not necessary. GOOD
opportunity for right person, age
% or over, refs. REQ. Box 1881
Cr1v
Evening star., 1962-05-25
Third Floor

Armed Forces-HiStory Of our military might with
an Introductory section what forces have done In
times OF war and peace such exploration and opening
of the West Exhibits of rifle development original
cannon and models Of heavy ordnance development.
Also here is the most important relic of the Revolu-
tonary War-the as-yet unexhibited Philadelphia This
54-foot gunboat of 10 Benedict Arnold assembled
or built to oppose the British who came down from
Canada in October, 1776, bent reaching the Hudson
and separating the northern Colonies the southern
In one Of the two most important naval battles of
the War OF Independence the Philadelphia was sunk
In Lake Champains Valcour Bay but before helping
to block the invaders The craft was raised in 1885,
complete in almost every detail such cannon anchors
and mast and 1t already is inside the new building
Graphic Arts illustrations of how etchings Itho-
graphs, aquatnts engravings etc., made. In a new
conception OF such exhibits fine selection Of prints
OF all periods will be included in each example of pro-
duction Also phoomechanical methods Of reproducing
illustrations; early apparatus Of inventors Of the half
tone process; printing illustrated by original Mergen
thaer linotype old hand presses and great examples of
printing.
Photography - Original daguerreotype camera
brought to America by Samuel F. B. Morse Evolution
OF camera in all detailS-shuters glasses plate holders
etc. and same Of motion picture Edson's early
spool-bank protector, and the protector Of Thomas
Arn1at Washington inventor Exhibits of fine examples
OF photographs from their beginning.
Philatey-The central exhibit is the national coec-
ton OF stamps Also how they are made, using old
equipment to illustrate engraving and printing processes
Also exhibits on history Of the post with letters models
Of mail coaches steamboats, and other devices used in
mail communication.
NumiSmatcs-Built around the fine national colec-
ton Of coins and series Of exhibits the history Of
money.
Ceramics and Glass-Fine porcelains from various
sections Of the world in geographic arrangements Items
from Germany, France Austria, England China and
elsewhere Exhibit how ceramics and glass are made
Musical Instruments-Display Of old keyboard In
StrumentS - clavichords harpsichords pianos etc
thanked by string, wind brass percussion Instruments
Flavor is added by primitive instruments Many old In
struments being restored to be used in recital demon
Strations.
Evening star., 1962-05-25
Bio Marble Shrine
Is Coming Alive
With First Exhibits
BY HERMAN SCHADEN
Star staff Writer

Imagine million persons trooping through pink
marble palace-"The Greatest Show Earth"-and you
have stunning summation of the Smithsonian Insttu
tons new Museum Of History and Technology
OF course there won't be that many people at one
time dts the estimated annual tota but by any meas
urement this is going to be production.
Opening day still is than IS months distant
but the grand concept already is laid out and behind
the scenes builders and curators are plugging away
the one devising attractive exhibiting techniques the
other completing the $50 million edce on Constitution
avenue between Twelfth and Fourteenth streets NV
Sometime next year probably in December the doors
will open on the first 10 IL hallS-only beginning
OF what three or four years later will constitute so exh
bitton halls on three of the buildings five floors
1t fascinating story, this shrine Of American
pioneering and progress and here for the first time
tor the public is deep look into its massive facilities
Behind this treaSure-laden marble pile stands the
pride Of the American people, their Congress- Regents
OF the Smithsonian; the Smithsonians Secretary Dr.
Leonard Carmichael; the museums director, Frank A.
Taylor and every curator and staff member OF the nsti
tuition.
Evening star., 1962-05-25
Second Floor

Growth of the United Satisfactorily described
First LadieS-This exhibit of our Presidents wives
gowns has been one Of the most popular in the old build
ing With new arrangements better lighting and more
room, 1t bids to be even more From Martha WASH
ington every First Lady represented in formal attire
In settings Stimulating White House rooms In the scenes
are many original furnishings, such as manels mirrors
and furniture That not original is carefully duplicated
even to the wall paper
Prominent Americans-our early great Ones such as
washington and Lincoln The latter, for example a
figure dressed in his suit and top hat with his chair
brief case silver service and other articles about him
looking very much like a Brady photograph Also
patent model of his device for lifting boats over shoals
Political Campaigns Campaign methods illustrating
the whstle-stop back platforms front porch radio and
political banners with section devoted to woman suf
frage.
American Dress-Men's and womens work and dress
clothes through the years exhibited on mannns Series
on handbags hats, shoes and other accessories
Period RoomS-Life in the 18th and 18th centuries
depicted in completely furnished rooms showing fur
nishings furniture drapes, wall coverings and lighting
Between the rooms will be containing other mate
rial Illustrating the times There also will be school,
room, chdrenS games and toys and an authentic old
fashioned ice cream parlor
Evening star., 1962-05-25
First Floor

Rairoads-Earliest commercially operated steam To-
comotve in this country the Stourbrdge Lion brought
from England in 1922 In contrast will be the Southern
Railways 1S8ton 92foot engine and tender
Q926) marking the end Of the steam
Observation-Disclosures of the sailing ship including
original builders model of clipper ships
Automobile Everything from horse-drawn hanson
to'a Concord stagecoach Q848) to Wnton Uirst
driven across United States In 1908 to the Duryea
brothers horSeless carriage (1892-93).
Farm implements engines models Of
Mccormick reaper showing how farm work became
mechanical because Of labor shortage
Civil Engineering History of bridges and tunnels
with models Of famous bridges and equipment used in
their construction.
Power Machinery-Modes of James Watt and New
steam engines; original steam engine and boiler
from steamboat Q8OD built and operated by John
Stevens Of Hoboken, N j. patent models Of the Otto
gasoline engine operating 4stroke cycle Of todays
auto engne early water wheels and hydraulic turbines
steam turbines by Parsons and Curtis
Machine Tools-Startng with Blanchard pattern
lathe 1920 to present multiple drilling machines for
production Of engine blocks.
Light Neutrality-suspicious. tinfoi record phono-
graph, TerryS wooden works clock many interesting
watches including series illustrating development Of the
81 watch in America.
Physics-Early scientific instruments including orig
inas and reproductions of early astronomical instru-
mentS; mathematical machines, including early model
computing machines Early American scientific instru-
ments shown in the simulated shop front of New York
instrument maker of about 1850.
Nuclear History of nuclear physics, repicas
of instruments used early English expermenters such
as Rutherford large machines such as Van de Graft
atom smaSher.
(An the foregoing will be among the first halls ex-
hibiting when the museum opens)
Medicine-Eighteenth century apothecary shop;
original laboratory equipment of Fleming, developer of
penicn many tools and machines used to manufacture
pharmaceuticals.
chemistry-original laboratory equipment Of Priest
Evening star., 1962-05-25
View of Building

For sarting point, here is general picture of the
new building:
Five stories high plus basement it will extend SIT
feet will be of exhibition space-about the
same as the National Gallery of Art
And like the gallery its exterior is Of that delicate
pastel tint of Tennessee pink marbea natural work Of
art Its contemporary classic design with 25-foot-long
and 7-foot-deep bays will complement the Federal Tr-
angle architectural style
There will be steps for the public to climb to the
two entrances-one off Constitution the other from the
south Madison drive. From Constitution one enters
the first floor; from Madison to the second
floor This is possible because of 2O-foot rise on the
Madison side.
Intended as the main entrance the latter will lead
into large highdoomed room where the visitor imme
diately will plunge into history.
There, hanging vertically will be the Star Spangled
Banner which Francis Scott Key immortalzed at Fort
Mcenry Originally this flag of Is stars and is stripes
measured 80 by AZ feet Through age damage bombs
bursting in air?) IA feet of it was lost.
This will be subtly replaced almost in silhouette
giving the observer first impression Of whole flag
Under closer scrutiny in the soft lighting 1t will be
apparent at which point the emblem has been recon-
structed
In glance the visitor will take in the museums
double motif of history and technology Old Glory of
course represents history Symbolizing technology will
be large Foucault pendulum visible through circular
well the first floor below. The swinging circling
device illustrates the earthS rotation.
Once the tour has begun there will be no more stair
Evening star., 1962-05-25

ly English chemist who discovered oxygen chemical ap-
paratus used by noted American chemists
General Manufactures Of machines related
to manufacture of fastenings of different kinds from
screws to zpperS from handled automatic operation
Petroleum-Early well-digging and refining ma
chnery; section on petro-chemistry.
Textles-FirSt New England spinning machinery
powered by water from Slater Mills Pawtucket R. l.
jacquard LOOM probably first punch-card operated ma
chine for weaving intricate patterns patterns Illus
trating method Early sewing machines by inventors
like Howe, Hunt and Singer
Electronics-History Of electricity and electroncs
Morse telegraph and Bell telephone generators motors
De Forrest tube and animated exhibits showing
operation Of electronics equipment