davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-13
Well Done!

The Kennedy administration has
given its most helpful hand to business,
and in the long term to all Segments of
the national economy, by its revision
of guidelineS and procedures for de-
termining depreciation allowances for
tax purposes on machinery and equip
ment.
In brief, the new and Immediately
applicable rules by which approximately
IL million corporate and non-corporate
business enterprises, small as well as
large, may now charge off the cost of
production facilities will permit this re-
covery at materially accelerated rate.
The Treasury Department estimates, for
example, that LOO large corporations
which hold two thirds of all depreciable
assets in manufacturing will be able to
establish the useful lives, of these
facilities as 81 per cent shorter than
most recently allowed. Significantly,
too, Secretary of Treasury Dillon gave
assurance that the new guidelines will
be under continuing denomination
and revision. BY contrast, Bulletin F,
the now discarded basic depreciation
schedule, has had only irregular and
piecemeal revision since 1912.
Dollar-wise, the Treasury foresees
an increase of $3.4 billion in deprecia-
ton charges in the first year Of ap-
plication of the new rules-with con-
sequent reduction in tax liability of SIS
billion. Both President Kennedy and Mr.
Dillon emphasized their belief, however,
that this amount Of tax relief will be
ploughed back into new income produc-
ing investment and expanded job OPP
portunitieS. Indeed, Mr.. Kennedy re-
ported that business spokesman who
have long urged this step estimate that
the stimulus to new investment will be
far greater-perhapS as much as four
times greater than the SIS billion
made available"
This new investment, with greater
concentration on coSt-cutting moderni-
cation than on simple expansion of pro-
ductive capacity, is, of course, one of
the major detectives as far as the ad-
miniStration is concerned. At the same
time, 1t is one of the real needs of Amer
lean industry If 1t is to remain COM
petitive, either at home or abroad, with
the modernized postwar facilities of
many other industrial nations.
In this connection, incidentally,
more generous depreciation allowances
have played large part in the replace
ment and continuing modernization of
foreign equipment. Under the deprecia-
ton schedules now replaced, first-year
cost recovery on investment in the
United States amounted to little more
than Is per cent as compared to an
average of 20 per cent in nine friendly
major industrial competitor nations. The
new schedule, it Is estimated, will raise
firSt-year recovery here to 1877 per cent.
The administration, still hopeful that its
pending investment credit plan will be
approved by this Congress, figures that
this added help would bring the average
first-year recovery rate to approximately
80 per cent. Meanwhile, in liberalizing
the depreciation rules, the administra-
ton has done what it could do without
legislative action and the benefits should
be substantial and far-reaching.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-13

maintenance, transportation and COM
munications. This is indeed a fertile
field for waste, as numerous congress
Sional inquiries have shown, and con-
sequently it is also fertile field for
effecting substantial economies. And
Mr.. Mcnamara is especially well quail
fled to put the Sprawling defense es-
Enlistment on a more efficient, bust
neSSlike basis of operation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-13
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used will be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-13
A BOOK FOR TO-DAY
Reading and Writing of Russians
BY DONALD MINTZ
RUSSIAN CLASSICS IN So

RUSSIAN CLASSICS IN So
WET JACKETS. By Maui
rice Friedberg, 228 pp., tables.
Studies Of the Russian Insti-
tute. Columbia University.
columbia University Press:
$4.750
Soviet literature" Maui
rice Friedberg reminds us, lis
an instrument of the state"
And by some careful calcula-
tions based on Soviet book
trade statistics, he demon
strates that Russians read
amazingly little of it.
But they do read prerevo-
lutionary classics. THE works
of fiction most frequently
purchased by the Soviet citi-
zenS, works most frequently
found in their private Ii
braries, works which are
read, reread and studied, are,
first of all, the Russian clas-
sizes and, to a lesser degree,
translations of foreign litera-
ture."
So the classics are in de-
mand and the demand is
satisfied to considerable ex-
tent. Given the nature of the
Soviet state, it follows that
precautionary literature
must, in one way or another,
be brought into consonance
with the needs and demands
of that state. How this is
done is the subject of Rus
sian Classics in Soviet Jack
ets." The book is a revision
of Prof. Friedberg's Pho. dis
sertation. and it's author is
on the faculty of Hunter Col
lege in New York.
OF course, there are edi-
tons and editions, and dis
tinctions must be drawn.
More or less scholarly COM
plete editions often contain
highly inconvenient works.
These works are not pub
lished elsewhere and COM
plete sets are generally very
expensive and sold only on a
subscription basis. Prof.
Friedberg points out that on
this level scholarship is fire.
quently Of a very high cal
iber."
1T is INTERESTING to
note that so far as we know,
the texts of literary works by
the 10Th century Russian
masters have not been tam
pered with by Soviet editors;
in any case, no evidence to
the contrary has been dis
covered to date by Western
scholars, with the exception
of some liberties that were
taken in the selection and
abridgment of the CORE
Spondence of Chekhov and of
Dostoyevsky." This remark
refers to modern reprints in
general. not merely to schol-
arly editions.
Since the texts themselves
are invioliate, control must be
exercised by extra-textual
means. In principle, there are
three such means: Discrim-
mating selection of works
made available outside COM
plete editions, the size of
editions and tendentious
criticism and annexation.
The first two of these
devices are susceptible to sta
tistical analysis. Prof. Fried
berg offers no fewer than %
such tables the main points
of which are summarized in
the body of the book,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-13
Jefferson on Court

Regarding our Supreme
Court. should like to quote
from two letters written by
Thomas jefferson over lao
years ago. I trust that you
will find space to print them,
and that your readers and
our Congressman and Sena-
tors will give them prayerful
consideration.
To Judge Spencer Roane,
on September 6, 1919:
THE Constitution, on this
hypothesis (authority of the
court over the legislative and
executive branches, is a
mere thing Of wax in the
hands of the judiciary, which
they may twist and shape
into any form they please.
1t should be remembered, as
an axiom of eternal truth in
politics, that whatever power
in any government is indie
pendent, Is absolute also; in
theory only, at first. while
the spirit Of the people is
up, but in practice. as fast
as that relaxeS. Independence
can be trusted nowhere but
with the people in mass.
They are inherently indie
pendent Of all but moral law.
My construction of the Con-
stitution is very different
from that you quote. 1t is
that each department Is truly
independent of the others,
and has an equal right to
decide for itself what Is the
meaning of the Constitution
in the cases submitted to its
action; and especially, where
it is to act ultimately and
without appeal"
To william Charles Jarvis.
on September %. 1920:
ITO consider the judges as
the ultimate arbiterS Of all
constitutional questions is a
very dangerous doctrine in
deed, and one which would
place us under the despotism
Of an oligarchy. Our judges
are as honest as other men,
and not more so. They have,
with others, the same pas
sions for party, for power, and
the privilege of their corps.
Their maxim is bono judicis
est ampliare jurisdictionem,
and their power the more
dangerous as they are in Of
flee for life, and not respon-
sible, as the other function
aries are, to the elective
control. The Constitution has
erected no such single tribu-
nal, knowing that to whatever
hands confided. with the cor
ruptions Of time and party,
its members would become
despots. 1t has more wisely
made all the departments CO.
equal and co-sovereign with
in themselves. When the
legislative or executive func-
tionarieS act unconStitution-
ally, they are responsible tC
the people in their elective
capacity. The exemption Of
the judges from that is quite
dangerous enough. I know nc
safe depository Of the ulti.
mate powers Of the society
but the people themselves
and if we think them not en-.
lightened enough to exercise
their control with a whole.
some discretion, the remedy
is not to take it from them
but to inform their discretion
by education. This is the trut
corrective abuses of consti,
tutional power. If thu
three powers maintain thei
mutual independence of eacl
other, it (our form of gov
ernment) may last long, bu
not SO if either can ASSUME
the authorities Of the other"
Thomas r. Sawyer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-13
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. Is New York City in a
county, or is it a county it
self?-F. o.
A. Neither. New York City
is made up of five counties,
which are usually referred
to by their borough names.
T hese are Bronx, Kings
(Brooklyn), New York MAN
haitian, Queens. and Rich
mond Staten Island). The
State Constitution provides
for special types Of county
government for these "coun-
ties in the city of New York"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-13
End Aid to Tito?

In 1949 this country
launched a massive program
of economic and military as
sistance for the Yugoslav
government of President
Josip Broz-Tito, who had just
broken off from the Soviet
orbit. Our expressed aim was
to persuade Tito to move fur
Their and further away from
Russia and to move closer
and closer to the West. Now,
Is years and 81 billion later.
it is apparent that this policy
has been an absolute failure.
Yet the President and the
State Department wax indig-
nant at the mere suggestion
that they terminate it. They
maintain that Tito may still
become a Western ally and
that to cease all aid to him
would drive him deeper into
the Soviet camp"
A thorough examination Of
the evidence would reveal
that these positions are I'M
tenable. Tito is becoming
quite friendly with the Soviet
Union, United States aid or
no United States aid. Signs
of this Impeachment are
daily mounting. For exam
Pile, new Soviet tanks ap-
peared at the last May Day
parade in Belgrade, the cap
ital of Yugoslavia. Tito has
publicly stated october rs,
1861 that the ultimate aims
of his communism and So
Wet communism are identi-
cal. Shortly afterwards, he
Joined in the Kremlin's bitter
TRADES against the govern
ment Of Albania. And, Of
course, he was a leader of
the anti-Western, pro-Com-
munist forces at last years
famous neutralist meeting at
Belgrade, which denounced
the presence Of American
troops at Guantanamo in
Cuba while refusing to con-
denim the resumption Of So
Wet nuclear testing. And the
latest news is that Russia
and Yugoslavia have agreed
upon a new and greatly ex-
banded trading pact. Official
sources noted that talks were
held ain a spirit Of friend
ship and mutual understand
ing"
Meanwhile, as we continue
to lavish gifts upon the
Yugoslav dictator, he carries
on his own foreign aid pro-
gram. This amounts to over
500 million a year, largely
to Soviet-leaning neutrals
like Indonesia, United Arab
Republic, Ghana, Ceylon,
India, etc.
The American public is
finally beginning to realize
that helping Yugoslavia does
not help the United States.
Opinion polls consistently
show overwhelming opposi-
ton to further Yugoslav aid
Virtually all Congressman re-
port that their mail is run
ming heavily, almost unani-
mously, against it. The Ma
tional Indignation Conven-
ton, formed only last Octo-
Der, has held numerous anti
aid-to-Tito rallies all over the
Nation, most of which have
drawn huge audiences.
I hope that Congress will
heed the grass roots and STOP
this exercise in futility.
Craig Howell.
Evening star., 1962-04-01
CAPITAL SECURITIES
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. STOCK EXCHANGE
Iransactions for the Week Ended Friday.
tCompiled BY Exchange Offcas

Mergenthaler Limo xoSss
Peoples Drug 81 com : asa 491.
Ter Ref q Wh Corp rs -
Wdwd & Lothrop com 3 73ss 70
Wdwd & Lothrop Of 5 9S3E
Extra dividend. +Plus extra or
extras. Declared or paid so far this
year.
Evening star., 1962-04-01
PEOPLE
BUSINESS

Thomas H. Sprague has been
named manager Of public re-
lationS here for Aerojet-Gen-
eral Corp. Walter @. Winslow,
who formerly held the post is
the new manager Of public
affairs for AeroJet and Gen.
eral Tire & Rubber Co., its
corporate parent.
John S. Lancaster has been
named eastern sales manager
for Burrelle's Press Clipping
Bureau. with offices here.
Edwin Fuller has been elected
by trustees Of the National Re-
tail Credit Institute to receive
the Certified Consumer Credit
Executive certificate. He is
credit manager of the Wash
ington Hospital Center.
Edward Shafer has been
named general sales manager
of Entron, Inc, Bladensburg
Md.
Robert M. Gamble, jr., presi-
dent of the advertising agency
bearing his name. has been
named chairman Of the Chesa-
peake Council, American Asso-
citation Of Advertising Agencies
Leonard r. Cohen has been
named supervisor in the Will
liam r. Tooker Insurance
Agency.
Evening star., 1962-04-01
CorporafeList
And Treasures
Gain in March

NEW YORK. Mar. 81 (AP).
prices recorded a steady
and considerable improvement
in March.
At one point Government is
sues touched eight-month highs
while some corporateS sold at
their highest price in a year
At the end Of the month both
markets were a shade below
their best.
Most market analysts cred
tied the advancing prices and
declining yields to official con-
firmation that the business re-
covery has failed to reach the
projected levels.
In times Of a strong business
upturn interest rates react up
ward. thus bringing down prices
of fixed income securities such
as bonds.
The Government list showed
a maximum gain of two points
for the four weeks. A dozer
issues. mostly among long ma
turtles. were up Ia to ~
points. The shortest bonds
gained the least. generally
under u point.
For the latest week Govern
ments we're mixed. Most Ions
bonds fell less than "a point
while many OF the World
War II issued 21as gained 2-32
or 4-32. Corporates were steady
although the industrial COM
ponent Of the AP index fell
more than half an index point
Evening star., 1962-04-01

and Arthur ]. Goldberg, Secre-
tary Of Labor.
The sessions at the Sheraton
Carlton Hotel will touch a spec
ltrum of retailing industry
trends ranging from Social
Security and medical care-to
be discussed by Senator Cul tis
to The Truth In Packaging,"
an address by Senator Hart.
Mr.. Dunn, who also is a vice
president of the NRMA, will
give the welcoming address.
Paul A. Porter, Washington
attorney and former OPS
administrator. will discuss the
legislative scene.
"a View From the Potomac"
Is the topic chosen by Willard
M. Kiplinger, editor of Wash
ington Letter and Changing
Times, at luncheon. Manlio
Brofio. Ambassador from Italy,
will discuss relations with his
country at the afternoon
session.
Other speakers and topics
include Myer Rashish, admins
tration trade policy official, on
The Presidents Trade Pro-
gram; Representative Boggs,
Democrat of Louisiana, on In
ternational Trade" and Harvey
Evening star., 1962-04-01

Win bankruptcy or receivership OF
being reorganiZed under the Bankruptcy
Act, or securities assumed by such com.
panies. M-exinterest. ct-Certificates
st st-Stamped. f-Dealt in fiat x-Matured
bonds, Degotiability impaired by maturity.
Elk warrants ww-with warrants.
Evening star., 1962-04-01
N. Y. BOND
SUMMARY

Furnished by the Associated Press
Sales Net
(Sl ,oool HiRh Low LastChR.
Evening star., 1962-04-01
COTTON

| NEW YORK, Mar. 81 (AP). Cotton
on the New York Cotton Exchange in
slow trading. At the close, they were
down cents to Sl.l0 bale.
The retreat was attributed mainly to
technical considerations after a fairly
sustained recent advance, scattered trade
nd commission house buying on the de-
cline was insufficient to reverse the
! trend
Although 1851 crop cotton entering the
Government loan stock was the largest
in five weeks, il seemingly had no
market effect
Exports in the week ended Tuesday
totaled $1,000 bales compared with lo2 ,00o
the preceding week and 1880 in the
comparable 1861 week For the season, !,
exports totaled $4,000 bales against
$4,000 in the comparable period .
year ago.
Evening star., 1962-04-01

H. Hannah, director of the
FTC's Bureau Of Textile and
Furs, on THE Retailer and the
FTC."
The NRMA represents 10,500
member stores in AZ countries,
with total sales volume Of $l9
billion a year.
Evening star., 1962-04-01
to Open Meeting
OF NRMA on Thursdoy

More than 200 will attend the Retail Mer-
chants Associations Washington clinic
relations here Thursday.
Speakers include Richard p president and board
chairman of Julius Garnckel Curtis Repub-
ican Of Nebraska and Senator Hart Democrat Michigan
Evening star., 1962-04-01
ADVERTISEMENT.
The Luckiest 81
| Ever Spent
BY a Wall Street Journal
Subscriber

Not long ago l picked up my
first copy of The Wall Street
Journal. l expected dull read
ing. Imagine my surprise when
l found some Of the best arti-
cles I'd ever read!
l sent for a Trial Subscrlp-
ton. For the first time in my
life l began to understand why
some men get ahead while
others stay behind. l read
about new inventions, new in
dustries and new ways of doing
business that are helping ambi-
tious men earn increased in
come. Also l got ideas on what
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and taxes. Ny Trial Subscrip-
tion to The Journal cost me 81.
1t was the luckiest 81 ever
spent. 1t has put me hundreds
of dollars ahead already.
This story is typical. The
Journal is q wonderful aid to
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100000 a year. 1t is valuable
to owners of small businesses.
1t can be Of priceless benefit to
ambitious young men who want
to earn more money.
The Wall Street Journal is
the complete business DAILY.
Has largest staff of writers on
business and finance. The only
business paper served by all
three big press associations. 1t
costs S24 a year, but you can
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three months for 81. Just tear
out this ad and attach check
for 81 and mail. Or tell us to
bill you. Address: The Wall
Street Journal, "A Broad St.
New York 4, NY. WS4-1
Evening star., 1962-04-01
TREASURY BONDS

NEW YORK CAP)-Over the Counter
us. Government Treasury bonds, weekly
high, Iowa nd closinga sked pricest he
net change front he previous weeks
closing asked price and yield. -
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03
Attacks vulidify
Of Survey" Sent
To Pres. Kennedy

New York (ANP) - 'Mislead-
ing in its statements and unfound-
ed In its conclusions" was the way
Charles Abrams, president Of the
National Committee Against Dis
elimination in Housing, described
a survey by the National Associa-
ton Of Home Builders on the eff
fects Of the executive order prom
ised by the president to bar dis
elimination in federally-aided hous-
ing.
In a letter to President Ken
nedy, Abrams pointed out the fol-
lowing "glaring'' weaknesses Of
the home builders survey, which
purported to show that building
starts would be adversely affected
by a housing executive order:
y A southern bias in the re-
sponses. More than half of the re-
spondents who said that their
building operations would be ad-
versely affected by the executive
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03

the contractors, and maintains sup
ervision of the construction to
make sure it conforms with orig
inal specifications.
'Tackling this job is like enter
ing a big city through a tunnel" I"
Mann explained. THE further you
progress, the greater the view
and greater still is your awareness
of its ramifications."
1t is this concept of the job
that has led to such related ef-
forts as a training and apprentice
ship program, research aimed at
utilizing local products to econo-
mize on construction and the or
ganizing Of the small and often
ill-equipped contractors to enhance
their ability to tackle the jobs
they seek.
With such a well rounded pro-
gram, Mann, who has been here
for three and a half years, hopes
to leave behind him an easy roll
ing, efficient and self perpetuating
operation to be carried on by the
Ghanaians.
I'm other words" he said, I'm
doing my best to work myself out
of a job"
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03
order came from the South.

OrQer came IEOLu Ln0 SOuLu.
p Builders already operating
and prospering under state and
local laws broader in scope than
the proposed executive order, said
they would cut back If the execu-
tive order were issued.
81 Opinion was solicited from
members Of an association opposed
to the order. Yet, 62 per cent did
not bother to reply, and SO per
cent of those who did reply said
their building plans would not be
affected, would be increased, or
offered no opinion on the question.
~ Builders predicted a cut back
In FILA and VA construction
greater than their own use of
FILA and VA insurance.
The survey nquestionably re-
fleets emotional attitudes. A par
icular group Of builders wants to
prevent the issuance of an order.
Their replies, however, are no
guide to what actions they will
or will not take should an execu-
tive order be issued" Abrams said.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03

army air base and at the nearby
Veterans hospital. He has designed
and built low cost housing in Vir-
ginia, Georgia and Alabama.
Here, with a rs man crew Of
Ghanaian surveyors, craftsmen,
estimators, labor foremen, clerks
and photographers, Mann Of the
US. Technical Aid Staff does ev-
erything in the way of rural de-
velopment except actual construc-
ton from his technical advice
center.
This includes training courses
for men engaged in all phases Of
the building industry and the or
ganizing Of small contractors to
effect savings in capital outlay
for modern equipment and more
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03

ters' dressing room and changed
into his gown and robes. He made
his submissions in a divorce case.
The divorce was granted.
He returned to the dressing room
to discover that his shirt, tie, vest
and jacket had been stolen.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03

roads, bridges, clinics, post offices,
power, sanitary facilities and
other public improvements.
Bill Mann's job begins with de-
ternining the need for requested
projects and ends with final ap-
proval of the completed jobs.
Between A and 2, his center
studies sites, draws up plans and
specifications, submits cost esti-
mates for approval of appropriat-
ing agencies, consults on the
awarding of contracts, approves
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03

efficient operation.
Mann, who with the aid Of his
Texas-born wife, VILLA, has vol
unfairly taken on the uprelated
task Of reviving dormant interest
in the indigenous arts, crafts and
literature Of the area in which he
works, has about 200 building pro-
jects in various stage Of develop
ment underway at a cost Of about
$1,OOO,OOO.
These include markets, schools,
Minneapolis spokesman., 1962-08-03
Bill Mann OF TUskesee, ETC.
Bill Mann OF TUskegee, Etc.
American Negro Engineer
Supervises Rebuilding In
Rural Ghana Areas
By Enoc P. Waters

Accra, Ghana (ANP)-Helpng Ghana build itself up in
very literal big racorstrong grayeyed American
engineer from Newbern NC who brings his job here rich
background of training and experience.
product of Hampton institute Philadelphias Drexe in
sute and the University of Mexico afable William Mann has
enriched his training with engineering experience Tuskegee