davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-02
OVER COUNTER

Following prices furnished by the Ma.
tional Association of Securities Dealers in
Washington represent the range within
which locally active securities could have
been bought or sold at pm. Thurs
day, August 2, 1862:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-02
AMERICAN STOCK EXCHANGE

Furnished by the ISSUES
'Symbos Eraned Notes Following
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-02
FOREIGN
EXCHANGE

NEW YORK. Aus. . (AP).-Foreier
exchange rates Great Britain ane
Australia in dollars. others in cents
and decimals of a cent?:
Today Prev. Day
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-02
TREASURY BONDS

NEW YORK (AP) Moon over the coun-
ter U. s.. Government Treasury bonds,
bid, asked, net change and Yield for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-02
TALKING OF BUSINESS
Agriculture Research Turns
Cherry Pits to Barbecue Charcoal
Boost Use Of Cotton

by Uncle Sans scientists.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-02
MUTUAL FUNDS

NEW YORK CAP)
= National Associa-
ton Securities Deal
prs. Inc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-08-02

T-Partially tax exempt
When issued.
Evening star., 1962-09-16

been adopted by the County Commis-
Sioners.
1t is true, of course, that the Com
misSioners have had the matter under
study for some time. Still, they have
had the authority for more than five
years to put such system into effect,
and it scarcely can be coincidence that
their decision to act came at time
when the need for this particular re-
form Is being emphasized by those who
are advocating the development Of an
entirely new charter for the county
No doubt there also are other i'm
provements which could be instituted
within the framework Of the present
local government. We think, however,
that sufficient questions have been
raised about deficiencies in the existing
form to give county residents an op-
portunity In November to vote on the
creation of group to study and recon-
mend new charter. In this regard, we
hope that the decision Of the Maryland
Court Of Appeals with respect to ref
erendum petitions will not prove to be a
stumbling block In putting the charter
issue on the Prince Georges ballot.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
LegisIoting or Crusoding?

It is evident from the mixed reac-
tion Of the Senate Judiciary Committee
that Chairman Kefauver Of its own anti
monopoly subcommittee has failed to
make a clear-cut case of need or justi-
fication for forcing the steel industry
into a competitively harmful disclosure
of its production costs. Certainly he has
failed to do so publicly, and the impress
sion is strong that the motivation is,
or has become, more one Of crusading
against bigness in business than Of
writing legislation that is essential to
the public interest. Whether resistance
of the industry to the Senator's de-
mands, with four companies testing the
question, technically is an act Of con-
tempt of the Senate is an issue apart.
Actually, Mr. Kefauver himself has
acknowledged in effect that public dis
closure of cost figures could be damag-
ing-either to individual firms or to
the industry as whole-by his insist
ence that the information requested
would be kept confidential or could be
so diffused as to make it meaningless
to anybody outside his subcommittee
and its staff On the first point, leaks
controlled or otherwiSe-are more the
rule than the exception in matters under
legislative controversy, and Senator
Scott of Pennsylvania is close to the
mark in his realistic observation that
there are no secrets in Washington"
AS for the fuzzy proposal Of obscuring
the meaning of the requested figures,
an industry witness, President Thomas
F. Patton of Republic Steel Corporation,
was equally realistic in his wry comment
that his competitors are pretty shrewd
people" about interpreting statistics re-
lated to their own business.
II the American steel industry's
troubles are Showing-and they are in
two respects, namely, in the volume of
foreign steel that is now sold in this
country and in the replacement Of steel
by other NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. the indus
try nor the national interest will be
helped by legislative tinkering or new
experiments in Governmental regula-
ton. The emphasis instead should be
directed toward encouraging the indus
try to greater and more efficient effort
in the market place-a principle which
President Kennedy himself has espoused
for American industry in general.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
Then There Were Five

Astronaut Walter Schirra'S SurpriS-
ingl1 frank talk the other night on TV
illurpinates the Mercury. project in a
newIlight. Somehody--we can't be abSo-
luteN sure. who -seems to be going
Hollywood and the American space pro-
gram comes. out looking all the worse
for it.
For some time minor cracks have
been evident in the masonry of the
Mercury ,edifice. But even the best
informed space observers were shocked
at the extent to which Commander
Schirra's remarks revealed the facade
20 be crimbling.
Perhaps it is well that the plain
spoken .astronaut had his say. Criti-
cismi from within this hero-ridden pro-
gram Will lend credibility to criticism
from without, and 1t seems to us that
up to now Project Mercury has re-
ceived too little honest criticism.
The generally accepted view Of
Project Mercury has been that while it
had lot of ballyhoo and hokum in it,
it was basically single-minded pro-
gram directed at the conquest of space.
The job came first, we were informed;
Colonel Glenn could not fulfill a busy
schedule of personal appearances and
speaking dates because his technical
expeftise was needed by his colleagues.
Now a colleague intimately con-
cerned with the success of the next
Mercury mission complains that Colonel
Glehn's "input" to the program has fin.
ally. approached the vanishing point.
Johns been falling behind" is the way
Commander Schirra put it.
Major Deke Slayton is already out
of the program by virtue of a medical
judgment His disqualification left six
Jnenin all of America to carry the Stars
andl Stripes into space. Now we are
informed that John Glenn, AStronaut,
is so busy being John Glenn, Hero, that
the effective strength of our space corps
threatens to be reduced to five. At this
poirit, it should be noted that Colonel
Glenn has called the Schirra blast a
tempest in teacup."
Perhaps the new group of Astro-
nautS to be unveiled" Monday in HouS
ton rs coming along just in time. And
perhaps their more conservative role of
Here (j.g,),-with restrictions on their
fiscal wheelings and dealings-will en-
able them to be more readily available
for THE day-to-day job of competing
with the Russian Cosmonauts.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
The Cotton Dilemma

While ostenSibly losing a skirmish,
the Administration may have, in fact,
won long-range victory from the Tar
iff Commissions refusal to impose extra
duties on cotton textile imports. In a
80 opinion shared by Chairman Dorf-
man, the Kennedy Administrations only
appointee, the commission turned down
a rather strange variation Of the put
and-take game. 1t would have cost
foreign manufacturers, such as the Jap
anese, 8Ha cents per pound of cotton
goods, thus neutralizing the 81a-cent
advantage in raw cotton purchases the
Governments world matchmaking
export subsidy gave them over domestic
buyers.
The commissions majority said
flatly it would not work-for number
of reasons-among them: ~ Higher
prices would result for both imported
and domestic cotton articles; (2) This
would tend to shift textile manufactures
from cotton to other fibers; (S) Without
even higher subsidies, exports would
drop off in quantities domestic mills
could not absorb. Most important, was
the commissions warning that "the pro-
posed fee could conceivably provoke for
eign countries that purchase United
States cotton . into adopting retalia-
tory measures"
This is the last development the
Administration wants, as it looks for
ward to days of freer trade. OF recent
memory, the Belgians reacted sharply
to imposition Of duty to aid the carpet
industry. In these Common Market
times, such impasSeS are wisely avoided.
A special concession to the textile in
dustry could bring rash Of pressures
from other interests at time when the
liberal trade bill is in the balance. The
United States also must look with care
to the new 5-year, 19-nation pact de-
signed to place voluntary controls on
textile shipments.
President Kennedy rightly has
called for legislation to remove the in
equity created by the present two-price
cotton system" which textile leaders
understandably term ubiquitous" But
how to give textile interests their we'll
deserved break is complex business
which will require study and patience,
and some give-and-take. A way must
be found to adjust present domesti-
cally supported cotton prices to world
market levels without underwriting the
cotton farmer.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
School Prayers

A letter in your columns
advocated that prayers for
delivery in public schools be
prepared by the various chill
dren who would present
them.
The writer Of that letter is
unrealistic. Very few chill
dren Of a minority faith
would find the moral courage
to offer prayers differing ap-
preciably from those Of the
majority. Nor would any child
be able to remain silent
because Of atheism, agnosti-
cism or religious scruples
against public prayer. 1t is
an unfair and cruel burden
on q child to make 1t stand
out as so different" and
queer"
The writer Of that letter
is also naive. How long will
it take before the leaders Of
the dominant faith in any
Evening star., 1962-09-16
Crisis at Ole Miss

If Mississippi's Governor Ross Bar
nett stands by his guns, 1t is conceivable
that he, as well as other State officials,
will wind up serving jail sentences for
contempt of court, But we do not see
any way in which this can prevent the
enrolment, pursuant to Federal court
order, of a 29-year-old Negro in the
University of Mississippi.
The Governors defiant stand has
been generally applauded in Mississippi
and he may mean it when he says he
would, rather go to jail than bow to
the courts edict. There. is no prospect,
however, that the doctrine Of inter-
position, which he has invoked, can
serve to halt enforcement of the order.
This point has already been settled
adversely to the doctrine by the courts.
There is only one way to prevent the
admission of the Negro to Ole Miss,
and that is to shut down the university.
We doubt that even Governor Barnett
would want 10 go to such an extreme.
Dne Mississippi legislator, Repre-
sentative Frank Smith, has spoken out
forthrightly and courageously on this
matter. The Governor, he says, would
lead the State down another blind
allef. The course he proposes threatens
the Iexistence of our great university.
Whether we like it or not, the question
of State versus Federal law was settled
100 years ago." -
This comment will not be palatable
in Mississippi. But there is no doubt
that it is the truth.
Evening star., 1962-09-16

For sheer spite and vim
dictiveness, former President
Truman takes the cake when
he made that remark about
former President Eisen-
hower's so-called laziness. I
always thought this product
and protege of "bossiSm"
politics (the Pendergast ma
chine) was one of our worst
Presidents. Ike is politically
clean.
Edith Allerup Kleberg.
Many Americans who In
the past have found Mr.. Tru-
mans partisan crudities SIM
ply to be unbecoming Of a
mature man are now feeling
a deepening national shame
that one of our past Presi-
dents continues to make such
a pitiful display Of himself
and his past office.
It is ironic that Mr.. Tru-
mans own conduct so elo-
quently bespeaks the wide
gulf that separates the
statesman from the petty
politician. Yet the final trag-
edy is Mr.. Truman's incom-
pacity to comprehend the
deep value Americans place
upon dedicated humility and
intellectual honesty in their
national leaders.
William &. Eultau-
Evening star., 1962-09-16

occupied the opposite bank.
The loss here was consider
able. The troops now hold
both sides Of the creek. To
get possession Of the ridge
Of hills on the right and left
sides of the road. from where
the rebels were laundering.
away with artillery, was not
easily accomplished.
Knowing that if they lost
this ridge, a complete rout
Of their army would be the
result, they fought with great
desperation. Darkness over
took the two armies and hos
tilities ceased as if by mutual
consent. The battle lasted
from S am. until Z pm,
without a moments cessa-
ton. Hundreds Of Maryland
ers were present to witness
the battle. The sharp rattle
of $4,000 muskets and the
thunder Of a hundred pieces
of artillery, nor the con-
sequent excited movements Of
such armies is not often wit
messed. 1t is impossible at this
writing to form any correct
idea Of our loss or that Of
the enemy, but 1t is heavy
on both sides. Ours will prob.
ably reach in killed and
wounded 10000, That of the
enemy will not exceed it,"
(The estimate was not far
off. The Union casualties
were around 10000 and the
Confederate losses about TO-
000) An official dispatch
from Mcclellan dated Sep
tember 10, 1862, said: Last
night the enemy abandoned
his position, leaving his dead
and wounded on the field.
We are again in pursuit.
We may safely claim a COM
plete victory :. The enemy
is driven back into Virginia.
Maryland and Pennsylvania
are now safe t. !" Lee was
ready to resume the battle,
Evening star., 1962-09-16
Sevoreid on Evolution

Eric Sevareid, just as he
said, certainly was carried far
out in Aspen's rarefied in
tellectual climate and weak
gravity altitude. (Star, Sep
tember ID.
He even achieved mental
weightlessness when he wrote
about mans descent from q
risen ape, and his two-mil-
lion year existence. Or did
the Aspen (Colo.) intellec-
tuals come up with conclu-
sive proof of Darwin's en-
battled, 100-year-old theory?
But what concerns me is
that Mr.. Sevareid and his
friends can lament the ma
terialistic madness Of our
generation, and then give
credence to one Of the Sa-
tanic PHILOSOPHERS Darwin
ianism is not science) that
has nurtured and hastened
the madness; namely, the
amoral, atheistic theory Of
organic evolution.
Grass dialectic materialism.
as well as Grass pragmatic
m aterialism, a have been
nurtured by Darwin's
unscientific theory and all
its implications, so that
it Is most contradictory and
unintellectual to bemoan the
former and approve the lat
ter.
I realize that most Of our
liberal, socialistic intellec-
tuals revel in this sort of
philosophic inconsistency,
but I had expected better Of
Mr.. Sevareid.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
Forgotten Friends

In recent years it has been
the custom Of the Eisen-
hover and Kennedy admins
trations to invite to WASH
ington and roll out the red
carpet for quite q number Of
foreign heads Of state who
upon returning home repaid
our hospitality by pushing
their governments even fur
ther in the direction Of the
Communist camp while all
the time demanding more
blackmail payments from
the United States in the form
of foreign aid. These un-
friendly guests, who are duti-
fully met at the airport by
the President, have ranged all
the way from KhruShchev
and Sukarno to q host Of
other anti Western deSpots
from the emerging" nations
of Africa.
If the United States deems
it desirable to bolster the
prestige Of a foreign govern
ment by inviting its head to
Washington. then let's give
q welcome to some Of our
neglected allies who have
proven which side they take
in the war against commu-
nism. Invitations to these
tough Communists will
not meet the approval Of
President Kennedy's ADA ad-
visers who are quite willing
to see Yugoslavia's Tito fl
nally make the trip, but who
helped bar Katanga's Presi-
dent Tshombe from coming
to this country to plead his
case against the left-leaning
Congo central government?
Specifically. some of our
forgotten friends are: Portu-
gals Premier Salazar. South
Africa's Prime Minister Ver-
woerd, Paraguay's President
Stroessner and SPANS Chief
of State, Generalissimo
Franco.
Ronald HI. Harner.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
so Years AGO

John D. Rockefeller. who
gave away dimes in his wan-
ing years, was giving away
quarters so years ago. The
Star of September Is, 1912,
reported from Tarreytown,
N. Y. that the oil king had
bought 5000 acres in the
Pocantico Hills and then
found the land was infested
with snakes. "Mr. Rockefeller &
is as afraid Of a snake as he
is of a process-server. So he
had his superintendent post
a notice that he would pay
25 cents for every snake skin
brought in by the workmen.
Italians clearing the area
for an estate made money so
fast they were threatened by
Black Hand agents. When
they could find no more
snakes on the property they
started snake hatcheries and
brought in skins until their
trickery was discovered. ;. :"
Gen. Count Maresuke Nogi,
hero of the Russo-Japanese
war, made headlines and won
the acclaim of his nation so
years ago by committing sui
eide. The Star of September
IA, 1912, reported from Tokyo
that the Japanese considered
it "a magnificent act Of pa
triotisrn" when the general
and his wife took their own
lives in mourning the death
Of Japan's Emperor Mutsuh-
ito. It was recalled that in
the days Of feudal Japan,
when the lord Of the manor
died it was not uncommon for
his close dependents and
friends to commit suicide, in
order that the spirit of the
deceased should not make the
journey alone. But in the
new Japan" this custom
had been generally aban-
doned and rarely did such
an act occur.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
SobIen
Dale Crowey, Jr.

Now that we have killed
DR.. Soblen, what happens to
the doctrine Of political
asylum, for I heard Of no
crime against Israel or Great
Britain?
I am afraid that I must
take the position Of Vol
taire on this case, but with
the United States policy in
view perhaps we had better
return the Cuban refugees,
those Hungarian Ere e ON
Fighters we welcomed, and
wall-climbers in general -
criminals all. Where does
big government stop?
Robert s. Farmer.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
ArtCenter

Why not take the money
planned to be spent on the
marble slab memorial for
Franklin Roosevelt and use
it to help build the National
Cultural Center? Then we'n
name the center the Franklin
D. Roosevelt Memorial Cul-
tural Center. This, indeed,
would be a fitting monument
to a great President. and ev-
eryone concerned would be
satisfied.
Emmanuel J. Gratsias.
I wonder whether Mrs.
Kennedy will perform an
other public service and en-
deavor to have the word cul-
tural stricken from the title
Of the proposed center for the
performing arts. How pomp-
Gus and self conscious as q
Nation can we be?Culture is
like sophistication either
you have it or don't, and
talking about either one does
not produce it.
I suggest we call it Just
what it is-the National Cen
ter for the Performing Arts
and let the culture take
over from there.
Margaret S, Crumbaugh.
Evening star., 1962-09-16
100 Years AGO
Ronald H. Harner.

The battle which the North
called Antietan and the
South called SharpSburg was
fought a century ago to-
morrow. 1t produced some Of
the bloodiest close -ord r
fighting of the entire Civil
War. For example, in a wheat
field, where Fighting Joe"
Hooker's men met Stone
wall" Jackson's veterans, 80
acres of grain were leveled
by shot and shell as though
swept by a giant scythe. On
the stubble, at battles end,
blue and gray dead and
wounded lay in heaps. Most
historians agree that the hol-
ocauSt Of September II, 1862
resulted in more casualties
than any other single day
of the war. The battlefield
was so compact that certain
vantage points afforded OBJ
servers a panoramic view Of
the struggle. In choosing to
stand at Maryland's Antietam
Greek, rather than retreat
and throw his Army of North
ern Virginia on the defensive
for perhaps months, Gen.
Lee put his back to Potomac.
The Confederates numbered
10000 at most, and Gen. Nc
Clellan'S Army Of the Poto-
mac was twice that size. Al
though Sharpsburg was but
70 miles from Washington.
news Of the battle was diff
cult to transmit. With Har-
pers Ferry held by the Con-
federates, telegraphed stories
had to be routed from Ha-
gerstown to. Harrisburg, Pa,
to Baltimore and thence to
the Capital. The Star Of Sep
tember 10, 1862, printed a
dispatch dated two days ear
lier from McClellan's head
quarters: This has been
an eventful day in the his
tory of the rebellion. A battle
has taken place in which the
Army of the Potomac has
again been victorious and
which exceeds in extent any
battle heretofore fought on
this continent. .. Troops
under Gems. Burnside and
Porter drove the enemy from
the line Of Antietam Creek
on the main road to Sharps-
burg, built a bridge, the old
one having been burnt, and
Evening star., 1962-09-16
Cuban Challenge

Your well-balanced edito-
rial on Cuba, Of September
IL, points out some realities
to be taken into account in
these dangerous days.
It seems to me that Cuba
has been placed in our geo.
graphic region in order to
share the destiny of the
United States. And unless
we approach the course Of
Cuban American history in
such perspective. we are los
ing the real meaning Of this
hour.
Cuba presents a challenge
for which we Americans must
be grateful to God. The sad
experience Of our neighbor-
ing, brave people. is the in
spiration Of millions Of per-
sons all over the world. Be-
fore Castro we had a set of
false ideas on communism
and its tactics. Now, the via
crucis Of 9 million Cubans
has taught US the truth.
We must be confident In
our capacities. our good sense
and moral strength. We must
share your advice about
thinking seriously what deci-
sion we will take, and once
our decision is taken, to pro-
ceed bravely and resolutely.
Let's remember those in
spring words Of Pericles,
uttered in a great historical
event many, many years
ago:
I'VE examine carefully our
public affairs because we
don't believe that thinking
represents anything contra
ry to action; what we do
believe harmful to our coun-
try is lacking Of previous
knowledge. through study.
about the most advisable ac-
ton to take. This method
permits us to reason with
intelligence on what we
should do, and gives us auda-
city to execute our acts, thus
distinguishing ourselves from
other peoples whose igno-
rance is the origin Of their
audacity, and whose reason
ing makes them inactive"
May the statesmansh.p Of
the immortal Greek be OF
some help and influence in
the minds Of our leaders.
Leonardo Leyva.