davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-01-10
Trade Battle OPENS

Before the 1862 session of Con-
gress ends 1t is probable that the most
controversial and complex issue before
1t will be the administrations proposal
to scrap the 28-year-old Reciprocal
Trade Agreements Act in favor of a
"Streamlined" Presidential authority to
negotiate lowering of international
trade barriers.
This Is so because it Is an issue
Of many facets. 1t is a "pocketbook"
issue-affecting business interests, labor
unions and their concern with employ
ment, and agriculture. It. is a foreign
policy issue-bearing directly upon our
relations with powerfully resurgent
Western Europe and its expanding Com
mon Market, with many of the new
but underdeveloped nations that are
seeking trade concessions in order to
strengthen their economies, and as a
special case, with Japan, which needs
more than the money-poor and politi-
cally controlled markets of Asia in
order to support its highly Industrial
lied economy. And it is, not least, a
political issue at home (involving jobs
and profitS) that cuts across party
lines and varies regionally.
1t is against this background that
the United StateS-Japan Trade Council
has fired an opening round that sup
ports the administration position I'm
der the title that Japan Buys American
in All so States" the council estimates
that 250,000 American jobs depend
currently on our export trade with
Japan. AS the title implies, the coun-
Gil "scatters" these jobs across the
entire country, although with the great
est concentration in the big cotton
growing States of Texas, California and
of the Deep South. Even so, it's allo-
cation of export jobs" to other States
makes clear that it is bidding for
countrywide support.
There are reasons why Japanese
American trade represents a special
problem in this overall issue, and why
it is a particularly sensitive subject.
Japan Is currently rated second only
to Canada as buyer of American
goods and raw materials and, despite
the increasing flow of japanese imports
AAA0O OAAS SAAAOSN OVoVCo1 Jul VI dOC Ud1-
ance is favorable one now and the
council estimates that it will remain
so. At the same time, Japan's goods in the
American market represent particularly
severe competition pricewise and there
has been increasing demand for pro-
lection. Other Western nations already
have set up special tariff restrictions
against Japan, although we have been
attempting to dissuade them from such
action.
The council analysis already has
been attacked as an exercise in "sleight-
of-hand" statistics. No doubt, charge
and counter-charge will greet much
Of the voluminouS statistical evidence
that surely will be introduced in this
Forthcoming great debate. If one thing
seems clear in advance, however, it is
that the United States cannot retreat
into economic isolation in this period
of the twentieth century. The prac-
tices Of industry, labor and agriculture
should be geared to compete, not to
retire into some Government shelter
that will offer little or no real protection.
Evening star., 1962-01-10
Church-Stote Debate

In his recent letter, James
A. Miller indicates that he
agrees with me on the matter
of a money test" for church.
state separation. If I read his
letter correctly, this is good
news indeed. I wish that this
simple and tangible standard
might be universally adopted
in determining whether or
not there has been a VIOLA
ton Of the principle.
Mr.. Miller then, quite un-
accountably it seems to me,
asserts that loans to paro-
chial schools would not be a
financial consideration vio-
lating the money test" The
suggestion that Government
credit to construct church
schools would not be finan-
cial assistance to these
schools is very strange. 1t be-
comes all the stranger when
one realizes that the particu-
lar loans which have been
proposed were on far more
favorable terms than would
be available in the general
market. If there is no assist
ance to the institution in
volved in such a program of
loans, why is such a program
necessary at all? Why not
let the banks make the loans
in the due course of business?
1t should be obvious that
such loans do constitute fl
nancial aid and thus founder
on the money test"
This, indeed, was exactly
the position taken in a legal
memorandum prepared for
President Kennedy by attor-
neys in the Department OF
Health, Education and We'll
fare, released March %, 1861.
The memorandum said in
part: "AcroSS-the-board loans
to church schools are equally
invalid. A loan represents a
grant of credit. These
benefits plainly have the pur-
pose Of providing financial
advantage or convenience to
the recipient and like the
broad grant the across-the-
board loan would inevitably
facilitate religious inStruc-
ton"
C. Stanley Lowell.
Evening star., 1962-01-10
Saga of old Rip'

The story that appeared in
your paper about "Old Rip"
as told by the late Boyce
House was true. I lived less
than 100 miles from Eastland
at the time and knew many
people that saw them take the
frog from the cornerstone.
They claim a horned frog can
live 100 years without food or
water. That I can't prove.
I saw the frog in a casket
after it was dead. 1t is now
in the courthouse at Eastland,
Tex.
I am sure the newspapers
OF Eastland that year told the
details. So all Texans are not
"braggarts" and I have
known a few to tell the truth.
Mrs. Duncan Breggs.
Evening star., 1962-01-10
PARIS.

FAN1O.
British Prime Minister
Macmillan's visit with West
German Chancellor Adenauer
in Bonn, coinciding as it does
with the excitement over
Russia's latest bid for direct
negotiations with the Ger
mans, takes on something
more than routine interest.
The two men, of course,
have had a good deal to talk
about besides the long Rus
sian memorandum handed to
the German Ambassador in
Moscow almost two weeks
ago. But, since the Berlin
problem lies at the center of
the preoccupations of both
leaders, 1t seems likely that
the newest Russian offer was
discussed.
Indeed, the handling of
the Russian note leads dip
lomats here to believe that
the affair is taken more Sc
riously in Bonn than Mr..
Adenauer tried to make it
appear in his recent meeting
with the foreign press.
At this point, the official
German line is that the 20
page Russian memorandum
contained nothing new. So
far as a government spokes-
man was concerned the bid
for separate Russian Ger
man talks was clearly an
attempt to split the Western
alliance by alleging tn a t
Bonn's partners have no real
interest in the country's re-
unification." According to
Mr.. Adenauer, it was "in-
tended as bait for the Ger
mans-but not for me-urg-
ing them to look to the fu-
ture and realize what a great
bargain they could strik e
with Russia"
Nevertheless, the Germans
felt that the matter was i'm
portant enough to keep the
whole thing secret for nearly
two weeks. The first news
of the memorandum came
from Washington and Lon
don. Even up to the last
minute, top officials of the
Bonn government saw no
reason to publish the text of
the entire note.
Cite German Concern
This rather fumbline
handling of the situation is
laid by some experts here tc
the inexperience of the New
German Foreign Minister
Gerhard Schroeder. Others
however, feel there may have
been real concern in Bonr
about the effect of the note
on Germany'S allies and or
German public opinion. They
also believe that there may
be more than a purely coin.
cidental tie-in with the evo.
Evening star., 1962-01-10

by Soviet threats into sue
cumbing to a succession of
"Munichs" and thus surren-
dering our freedom. But I
would not wish to suggest
that those belonging to this
"futilitarian" n" school of
thought in this matter would
want us to pursue that course,
I am reluctant to believe that
they wish to espouSe the "bet-
ter Red than dead" slogan
at a time when it is patiently
within our power to remain
"free and alive"
While an attack seems un-
likely in view of our great
retaliatory strength, no re-
sponsible government could
exclude the possibility Of &C
cident or miscalculation. This
latter might arise from an
overestimate by our adver-
Sary of his capacity to deliver
a Knockout blow to our de-
fense bases, quite possibly
accompanied by simultaneous
destruction Of our great
municipal centers of indus
try and government. Who
can guarantee us against
such miscalculation?
AS to the assumption that,
practically speaking, no de-
tense is possible, this gets us
into the realm of semantics.
1t seems to be generally con-
ceded that there is no prac-
tical defense for great masses
OF people from blast and fire
within the immediate vicin-
ity of the hit. Because of this,
some - including so-called
experts in this field-jump
to the conclusion that the
devastation would be so COM
plete that those remaining
alive would have neither the
will nor the capacity to set us
back on the road to gradual
recovery.
Surely, however, this is an
unwarrantedly extreme and
negative view. No one ques-
tions that, in spite of every
precaution, millions Of lives
would be lost. Hence, no per-
son above the level of a
moron would question that
the heart of the problem is
to ferfend attack, if this can
be done short of sacrificing
our freedom. ManifeStly,
every effort must be made
to compose our differences
with the Soviet Union with
Evening star., 1962-01-10
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Important Work of Popular Science
By DONALD MINTZ

threaten an entire, elabo-
rately constructed structure
and so it is with these cali
brations of the evolutionary
time scale. 1t seems too short,
and the book ends with Sher-
wood Washburn's ingenious,
largely surgical demonstra-
tionS that the time may aft
er all suffice.
ANYONE WHO AT
TEMPTS a book on a tech
nical subject for a general
audience must face the ques-
tion, How popular is popu-
lar enough and how popular
is too popular?"
Miss Moore appears to
have leaned rather heavily
towards simplification and
still more simplification. The
paradoxical result is tn a t
there are places that are less
clear to the general reader
than they would be if they
had been more technical.
Thus one misses precise
definitions in a number of
places, definitions that no
doubt would have caused
some trouble at the moment
but saved a good deal later
on. What, for example, are
the defining characteristics
of man? Is tool-making es-
sential? One never knows.
And in the first half of the
book, matters would be sim
pier, rather than more COM
complex, if the distinction be-
tween mutation and genetic
combination were more rig
idly and Systematically main
tanned.
But the faults are minor
compared to the accomplish
ment. Man. Time, and Fos-
Sils" is an important work of
popular science.
Evening star., 1962-01-10

in this one limitation and to
provide for effective limita-
ton and control Of arma-
ments. This is merely what
IS called the "delineation of
the obvious"
The question remains, can
we as a nation, by foresighted
action, save enough lives to
insure the Nations survival
and "rebirth" in case the
worst should happen? This
is not a case Of whether I,
or some other individuals
situated in the blast area
would survive, or whether we
would even care to survive.
This is a question of overall
survival as a free society, for
those who are spared and for
our descendants.
While there are perhaps
differences as to degree,
the overwhelming consensus
Of experts seems already to
be that, by taking adequate
protective measures, millions
Of lives can be saved from
fallout. Even before this,
we do not know how many
(if any Of our great cities
would be actual targets, how
accurately they would be
hit, nor precisely where the
actual perimeter of complete
annihilation would be. But
1t seems clear that millions
Of persons living in smaller
cities and towns and in the
countryside could be saved.
What more do we need to
know? Why not do all that
Is practically possible to save
ourselves? Why not, indeed,
add civil defense to the major
deterrent, namely our retalia-
tory power, as further assur-
ance against any attack at
all being made? What kind
OF a government would it be
that would throw up it's
hands in despair, leaving us
exposed to maximum loss of
life and to defeat in case we
are attacked?
Those who think the is
suance of the Civil Defense
booklet is a hoax perpetrated
upon our people are pro-
foundly mistaken. The great
est, and conceivably most
tragic. hoax would be to do,
nothing about it.
Lynn r. Edminster
Former Special Assistant
to the Secretary of State.
Evening star., 1962-01-10

@'AA' AANAAS &AAND NS0AASI
The Story of Evolution by
Ruth Moore. Drawings by
Sue Richert. (Alfred A,
Knopf; $685.
Unless you are just out of
school - a good one - evo-
luton is not quite what you
think. For though classical
evolutionary theory is a cen
tury old, it is presently in
the throes of modification
and elucidation by mathe-
matical biologists, chemists,
physicists and archeologists.
Ruth Moore. a science
writer on the Chicago Sun
Times, originally brought out
Man, Time, and Fossils" in
1858. This new edition rep
resentS an attempt to add
summaries for a non-Scien-
tific audience of the work of
the last few years.
This most recent work is
regrettably the least accessi-
BILE to the layman. Men like
r. A. Fisher and S. Wright
are seeking to explain evolu-
tionary processes in mathe-
matical terms and it usually
happens that the mathemat-
les is not simply a more
precise way of expressing
thoughts that can be verba-
liged without excessive diff
Guilty but the very thought
itself.
MISS MOORE does what
she can to explain such things
as the "Sewell Wright eff
feet" that is, "the idea that
chance, or a random drift of
gene frequencies could have
evolutionary effect" and
Fishers calculation of the
"provable, certain relation
between progress in fitness
and survival" Most readers
will want to go through these
chapters several times. The
difficulty is mostly inherent
in the subject matter, and it
is hard to imagaine any one
who will not find the effort
rewarding.
These eSoteric matters cap
the first portion of the book.
Miss Moore then turns to
mans buried record" and
iScusses the fascinating
work of those who dig for
fossils and the conclusions
that can be drawn from
these faint tracings of pre-
history.
The final part of the book,
called "A Changed Theory of
Mans Evolution" is devoted
principally to new and rela-
lively refined time scales,
both for the age of the earth
and for the period man has
wandered on its face.
Miss Moore begins this sec
ton with the discovery of
the Olduvai gorge fossils by
Louis Leakey, fossils which
are imbedded in the various
geological strata with almost
unbelievable chronology
ical neatness.
She turns then to Adolph
Knopf'S uranium method for
dating the age of the earth
and two partly complementa-
ry tests for the age of fos-
sils: Kenneth Oakley's flour
inc test and Willard Libby's
Carbon-14 test.
AS so often happens, one
piece Of scientific work can
Evening star., 1962-01-10
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSa-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only 1Dhen accom- =
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-01-10
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

A reader can get an answer, by
mail, TO any question Of fact BY
writing The Star Information Bu-
Teau, 635 street NV. Washington
4, D. C Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed, STAMPED
Evening star., 1962-01-10
Assays Value of Civil Defense Precautions

Mrs. Duncan Breggs.
Evening star., 1962-09-13
Dutch Treat

There's a new trend In
teen-age parties these days
I'm told, that adds an eie-
ment Of surprise for the
guests and means less work
for the hostess.
This Is how 1t works: The
hostess provides the beverage,
and some Of the girls are
delegated to bring a variety
OF nibble foods. (Reminds me
OF the covered-dish suppers
we used to have at home.) }
AT these parties the boys get
off easy T.. they furnish the
pleasure Of their company.
The surprise begins when
the dishes are uncovered -,
they can range from pop
corn to potato salad to a plate
of fudge.
For the young teen-age
miss who likes to bake these
cherry-pecan rolls will bring
the compliments rolling in.
They're made with yeast but
there's no kneading to be
done and no rising to watch.
The dough Is mixed ahead
and chilled until it can be
shaped and baked at the
bakers convenience. The fill
ing is ready-to-use canned
cherry pie filling. The little
buns are sure to please every
one and will probably
wind up on the please re-
peat" list.
Evening star., 1962-09-13
Chery-Pecun Rolls

! cup milk
3K cups unsifted flour
"a cup sugar
l teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon grated lemon rind
l cup q sticks) margarine
! package or cake yeast, ac-
tive dry or compressed
"a cup warm water
2 eggs, beaten
l can Il pound cherry pie
filling
u cup chopped pecans
Scald milk; cool to luke
warm. In q large bowl COM
btne flour, sugar, salt and
rtnd. Cut margarine into
flour mixture. Sprinkle or
crumble yeast into warm
water in q warm bowl; stir
until dissolved. To flour
mixture, add yeast, lukewarm
milk and beaten eggs. Com
hine lightly. Cover tightly:
refrtgerate for at least 2
hours or up to 2 days.
Turn u Of batter onto well
Toured board. Batter will be
soft and sticky.) Roll to "a
Evening star., 1962-09-13
Peach Shortcuke
1A cups biscuit mix

ia cups biscuit mix
q cup sugar
8 tablespoons shortening
l egg
2 cup milk
l teaspoon vanilla
10 fresh peaches, sugared to
taste
Whipped cream
Preheat oven to $50 de-
grees. Grease and flour a g.
inch round cake pan. Mix
biscuit mix and sugar. Add
shortening, egg and u cup
milk. Beat vigorously. Stir in
remaining milk and vanilla.
Pour into prepared pan and
bake IS minutes, or until
done.
Remove cake from oven
and cool. While cake is cool
ing, prepare fresh peaches.
While cake is still warm.
arrange peach slices on top ,
OF cake. Garnish with
whipped cream. Makes six
to eight servings.
Evening star., 1962-09-13

! pound confectioners' sugar
70 cup instant nonfat dry
milk
u cup corn sirup Oight or
dark
l tablespoon water
l teaspoon vanilla
" cup chopped nuts
Melt chocolate and butter
IN top of 2-quart double
boiler over hot water. Mean
while. sift together confec-
TONERS sugar and dry milk.
Stir corn sirup, water and
vanilla into chocolate-butter
mixture. Stir in sifted sugar
Evening star., 1962-09-13
Sloppy Joes

"a pound ground round
" pound ground chuck
l tablespoon lard
l cup finely chopped onion
l cup finely chopped green
pepper
! tablespoon sugar
2 tablespoons prepared mus
tard
/ tablespoon vinegar
] teaspoon salt
] cup catsup
" teaspoon ground cloves
Brown the meat slowly
until crumbly in the lard.
Combine remaining inRredi-
ents and add to meat. Cover
and simmer about 80 minutes.
Serve on hamburger rolls.
Makes six to eight servings.
Evening star., 1962-09-13

chill sauce. Place on baking
sheet. Bake In very hot oven
C450 degrees) 8 to 10 min
utes or until cheese melts.
Remove from oven. Onto
each sandwich, spoon ! tea
spoon pickle relish in center
and 2 teaspoons onion on
both ends. Makes 10 open
face sandwiches.
Evening star., 1962-09-13

inch in thickness. With 3-inch
cookie cutter, cut circles.
about 2 dozen. and place on
creased baking sheets. Conn
bine cherry pie filling and
chopped pecans. Spoon cherry
mixture on center of circles.
Brush circle edges with milk.
From remaining dough, using
a S-inch doughnut cutter,
cut same number of circles:
place over filling. Press
edges together with floured
fork. Bake in q hot oven
(400) degrees) 10 to is min
utes. Makes "a rolls.
Evening star., 1962-09-13

the office. When her teen-age
son first asked her to buy the
ingredients, she was a bit
skeptical about the results.
But, the pizzas turned out to
De a smashing success and
now they're a family favorite
for a quick lunch or late
Snacks.
In fact, his mother COM
mented later, II wasn't even
going to taste them. We
ended up eating them all and
he had to make another
batch"
Here's how: Split 8 English
mullins in half. Line a broiler
pan with aluminium foil:
place muffins on foil and
spread generously with to-
mato paste. Top with slices
OF Swiss cheese and sprinkle
with oregano. Broil 5 to 6
minutes, or until cheese melts
and bubbles. Makes six sery-
lngs. But make plenty, they'll
disappear like hot cakes.
The pizzas may be gar
nished with anchovies, mush-
rooms, sliced hot dogs, ground
hamburger or bacon. Mozz-
arella cheese may be substi-
tuted for the Swiss.
Another young teen I know
became interested in cook
Ing when she took home eco
nomics in the 7th grade at
kenmore Junior High School
she's been helping with the
.amily's meals ever since.
sloppy Joes are one of her
:avorite recipes for teen-age
.r1ends. and here she's adding
he finishing touches to a
leach cobbler for a family
Inner. She has even started
recipe file of her own by
'asting her favorites In a
piral notebook.
Evening star., 1962-09-13
Weiner Splits

5 frankfurter buns
"a cup smoky cheese spread,
softened (6-ounce pack
age)
10 frankfurters ............
25 cup chilli sauce
Y cup finely chopped onion
"a cup sweet pickle relish
Split the buns in half and
spread each half with l ia
bleSpoon cheese spread. Cut
frankfurters in half length
wise and crosswise. Place 4
quarters on each bun half
and top with / tablespoon
Evening star., 1962-09-13

and dry milk in two addi-
tions. Continue stirring un-
til mixture is well blended
and smooth. Remove from
heat; stir in nuts. Turn into
buttered 8-inch square pan.
Cool. Cut into squares.
Makes Ia pounds,
One cup miniature or cut
up marshmallows may be
substituted for nuts. Pc
nuche: Follow recipe for 10
minute fudge. emitting choc-
clate and water. Melt u CUP
brown sugar with the but
ter. Use dark corn sirup.
Evening star., 1962-09-13
Recipes for Teens
Who Like to Cook
BY VIOLET FAULKNER
Food Editor Of me star

your teen-ager is planning on having the
gang over to rehaSh their summer vacation ex
use Refreshments are must at aIv ostbspi eH - -
teens "' 0Aty satnerlng OF
Even your youngest teen win have ball rnak-
mg tnese quickie pizzaS recipe that came to Is
Evening star., 1962-09-13
l0-Minute Fudge

8 squares unsweetened choc-
olate.
4 tablespoons butter or mar-
garine
The Detroit tribune., 1962-10-13
U-M Beats Army
Team Sat-, 17-7

THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHI-
GAN, with the aid of senior right
halfback Dave Raimey, defeated
a fine Army team, TT Raimey,
who is the Wolverines bread and
butter player, delivered when il
counted' He gained 80 yards in 81
carries. In the first quarter, Dave
was stopped twice inside the five
yard line. Finally, Strobel smash
Ell into the end zone for the score.
Late. in the third period. the
Wolverines got moving again.
With the help Of pass intercep-
ton by halfback Harvey Chapman.
This put the ball on Army's 81
yard line. Raimey, now playing
with the Michigan third team
called the Raiders, drove across
the goal line to score at ll:49.
Timberlake converted and the
score was 10.
Raimey averaged AZ yards per
try. He was the leading ground
gamer on both teams with 80
yards. A few more Saturday after
noon performances like this one
and Raimey may we'll be the next
All-American for the Wolverines
of Michigan.
The Detroit tribune., 1962-10-13
Jesus AIou
Hits .340 In
Texas League

Ell PASO, Tex. (AHP) = AS If
the rival pitchers in the National
League don't have enough trouble
with Matty Alou and Felipe Alou
of the San Francisco Giants.
There's another in the Texas
League coming up fast. He is
Jesus Alou of the Sun Kings of
FL Paso in the Class AA circuit
George Genovese is the manager
of this fine club.
While helping the Sun Kings
win the pennant in their first
season in the circuit. Jesus hit
$40 to finish third in the race for
the batting title. After leading
the league most Of the regular
season.
He was in Ill games. at bat
474 times, this included 161 hits,
fourth highest in the league. He
hit 10 home runs and drove in
sc runs.
Some future batting order
might read Felipe Alou, Matty
Alou. Jesus Alou. For most
pitchers this would be one Alou
toe many.