davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-09-25
Pothet Lao Gives U. S.
Refugee Aid UItimotum

in the heart of their territory,
particularly in the provinces of
Xieng Khouang and Sam Neua.
Planes handling the relief
work belong to Air America
private company under charter
to the United States Aid mis-
sion.
Air America, under its now
expired contract with the
American Military Advisory As
sistance Group for Laos, also
transported and parachuted
war material as well as military
personnel to rightist forces
during the Laotian civil war.
October 7 is the target date
for the evacuation of all for
eign military personnel from
Laos as stipulated by the
Geneva accords guaranteeing
this country's neutrality.
Evening star., 1962-09-25
Bridge PIuy Ser
By Area Clubs

Washington Bridge League
viii hold the first Of q series
Of teams-of-four and concur
rent master point games at
7:45 pm. tomorrow at 6 Dupont
Circle.
The Northern Virginia Bridge
Association will initiate teams
of-four play and concurrent
rating point games tomorrow
evening at the same time at the
Park Arlington Motel, Arling-
ton boulevard and North Court
House road. .
A mechanical error in Sum
days Star confused these activi-
ties.
Evening star., 1962-09-25

Tomorrow: venezuela's Econ
Omy.
Evening star., 1962-09-25
Negro Says He Went
To Ole Miss in 1945

NEW YORK, Sept. IS (AP).
"A fair-complexioned Negro
who passes for white has dis
closed he spent nine months as
a student at the all-white Uni
versity of Mississippi in 1945-46.
Fright now" he said today,
they're fighting a battle they
don't know they lost years
ago."
Harry s. Murphy, jr., 35,
was referring to the current
battle over admitting James
Meredith, a 29-year-old Negro,
to Ole Miss.
Mr.. Murphy is a native Of
Atlanta, where his father is in
the printing business. He is
doing similar work in New
York, where he has lived for
the last nine years.
The New York Times said
University of Mississippi fpes
showed that Mr.. Murphy had
been a student there in l945-46.
Navy Via Student
Mr.. Murphy said his race
was never questioned when he
entered Ole Miss and lived
on the oxford campus as a
Navy Via student.
When the Navy In May, 1946,
disbanded its Via program
a combination academic and
officer-training course - Mr..
Murphy said he returned to
Atlanta and later enrolled
there at Morehouse College, a
Negro school for men. The
Times said a check Of More
house records substantiated
this.
Mr.. Murphy said he was
graduated from Morehouse in
1851 with a degree in business
administration. He said it was
quite possible that when a
transcript of his records was
sent there from Ole Miss the
Ole Miss officials were still un-
aware he was a Negro.
Routine Matter
Sending transcripts is such
a routine thing" Mr.. Murphy
explained. Its the kind of
thing a clerk in the office
would do and no one would
think anything of it."
Mr.. Murphy enlisted in the
Navy in 1945, shortly after
graduating from English High
School in Boston, which his
father had attended. He said
Evening star., 1962-09-25

building a few blocks from
downtown Canal street, pickets
walked up and down with signs
and crowds Of onlookers
jammed corridors of the build
ing. Some persons carried small
fans with signs which read God
help us keep calm, cool and
segregated"
Smiles at Friends
Mr.. Meredith arrived with
guards and two attorneys rep
resenting the National Associa-
ton for the Advancement Of
Colored People. He said Moth
ing and only smiled at the sight
of some friends.
Much of the opening hour
was taken up with legal wran-
Cling. For instance, Mr.. Jobe
was asked one question three
times: Had the board at any
time instructed the university
to admit Meredith?
Twice Mr.. Jobe replied: "The
board removed from all officials
at the university the authority
to act on the Meredith case"
Mrs. Constance Baker Motley,
NAACP attorney from New
York, appeared ready to go to
another line of questioning.
Judge John r. Brown inter-
rupted. THE witness has not
answered the question" Then
Mr.. Jobe said: mo, it gave
them no instructions when tney
had no authority. The board
reserved to itself the authority
in the matter Of enrolling
Meredith"
Judges sitting on the appeals
bench yesterday in addition to
presiding Judge Tuttle, were
Joseph C. Hutchison, jr., Of
Houston, Tex; Richard Rives
of Montgomery. Ala; Warren
L. Jones of Jacksonville, Fla,
John R. Brown of Houston;
John Minor Wisdom of New
Orleans; Walter P. Gewin oi
Tuscaloosa, Ala, and Griffin
D. Bell of Atlanta. Judge Ber
F. Cameron Of Meridian, Miss.
did not sit. He is i'll.
Evening star., 1962-09-25
U. S. Advisers Set
To Leave Laos
BY the Associated Press

The last of 800 American
military advisers will be with
drawn from Laos October 6
whether all the Communist
North Wet Namese are out or
not, say United States sources.
That's the deadline for the
withdrawal of all foreign
troops from Laos under the
Geneva agreement.
The sources said the United
States expects all the coun-
tries which signed the agree
ment, including North Wet
Nam, to live up to the pledge
The agreement guarantees
Laos neutrality.
Evening star., 1962-09-25
BurnettOrder
In Mississippi
Racial Case

FOLLOWING Is the tert of the
erecutiue order issued yester-
day By Coz. Ross Barnett OF
Mississippi:
Whereas, the Constitution of
the United States of America
provides that each State is
sovereign with respect to GER
! tain rights and powers; and
Whereas, pursuant to the
Tenth Amendment to the Con-
stitution of the United States
the powers not specifically
delegated to the Federal Gov
ernment are reserved to the
several States; and
Whereas, we are now face To
face with the direct usurpation
of this power by the Federal
Government through the legal
use Of judicial decree; and
Whereas, all public officials
of the State of Mississippi have
the legal right, obligation and
duty not to acquiesce, impair,
waive or surrender any of the
rights of the sovereign State OF
Mississippi; and
Whereas, any acts upon the
part of representatives of the
Federal Government to arrest
or fine any State official who
endeavors to enforce the law oi
Mississippi, are illegal accord
ing to the law of the State oi
Mississippi, and Federal courts
have likewise established ample
and perfect precedence in the
matter:
Now. therefore, I, Ross r
Barnett, Governor Of the State
of Mississippi. by the authority
vested in me under the Consti-
tuition and laws of the State o1
Mississippi, do hereby proclaim
and direct that the arrest OF
attempts to arrest, or the filming
or the attempts to fine, of any
State official in the perform.
ance of his official dutiees, BY
any representative Of the Fed.
eral Government, is illegal anC
such representative or repre-.
sentatives of such Federal Gov.
ernment are to be summarilI
arrested and jailed by reasol
Of any such illegal acts in vic
lation of this executive orde
and in violation of the laws O.
the State of Mississippi.
ROSS r. BARNETT,
! Governor.
Evening star., 1962-09-25

one which had relieved ad-
ministrative officials Of au-
thority to register Mr.. Meredith
and another which had given
Gov. Barnett authority to act
as registrar.
When one Of Mr.. Meredith's
attorneys asked the court for
assurance that Mr.. Meredith
would get a dormitory room,
Judge Tuttle said:
He is to be admitted as a
student and treated as every
other student. If they fail to
do that, then I think that will
be another matter for another
citation"
The State College Board is
the board of trustees for all
of Mississippi's institutions of
higher learning. The members
are appointed by the Governor,
but cannot be removed by the
Governor or the Legislature.
Returned His Money
During the morning session
of yesterdays hearing, Robert
B. Ellis, university registrar
testified his office twice re-
turned a room deposit sent by
Mr.. Meredith after the Fedora,
Court had ordered his admis-
sion.
And, E. r. Jobe, executive
secretary of the board, told the
court the board had never or
dered the university to admit
Mr.. Meredith. He testified
THE board reserved to itsell
the authority in the matter oi
enrolling Meredith"
But the attorney for tht
board told the court Gov. Bar
nett had authority over tht
actions of the board because
the Legislature had given th'
Governor the right some tint
ago."
The attorney, Charles Clark
an assistant attorney genera
of Mississippi, asked the ap'
peals court to shift the hearing
from its headquarters in New
Orleans to the southern dis
trict of Mississippi. The cour
did not rule on the request ant
continued to hear the case.
Before the hearing began II
the big square stone Fedora
Evening star., 1962-09-25
MEREDITH
MEREDITH 4
Sweeping Order Issued
In Student Racial Case

Continued From Page Al
frivolous" in an earlier
opinion.
The 64-year-old Gov. Bar
nett took these actions at
jackson yesterday:
1. He obtained a State court
order forhidding university Of
ficials from enrolling Mr.. Mere
dith and forbidding Mr.. Mere
dith from enrolling.
2. He issued an executive
order directing State police to
arrest anyone who tried to
arrest or fine q State official
on connection with the Mere
dith case. This apparently was
aimed at Federal authorities.
Without explaining why, the
Mississippi highway patrol an
nounced a 24-hour standby
alert as the hearing in New
Orleans was drawing to q
close. More than 80 patrol cars
were moved into the area
around oxford, site of Ole
Miss.
Meredith Not Sure
Mr.. Meredith, calm but at
tentive in the courtroom at
New Orleans, seemed not at all
sure that the end of the long
road was in sight.
I've been admitted a lot
Of times before" he told news
men. referring to three Federal
Court orders that so far have
not succeeded in putting him in
classes at Ole Miss.
The board issued a statement
after the hearing saying that
it bowed to the court because
it was apparent that fine and
Imprisonment in amounts un-
known to us would not prevent
Meredith's admission"
The board said 1t understood
the court would appoint some
one to register him" If the
board refused to act.
Tried TO Enroll Thursday
.. Mr.. Meredith tried to enroll
at the campus last Thursday.
But Gov. Barnett, welding the
authority of the registrar dele
gated to him by the board. per-
sonally turned Mr.. Meredith |
away.
That set the stage for the
contempt hearing in New Or
leans.
Although Gov. Barnett was
not. a party to the hearing, he
was very much q part of the
legal maneuvering. One Of the
defense attorneys told the
court: THE ultimate issue is
whether the authority of this
court is paramount to the au-
thority Of the Governor" !
And one of the eight judges.
Richard Rives of Montgomery,
Ala, commented chat Gov.
Barnett must be cited for
criminal contempt" 1t was an
expression Of personal opinion.
and none of the other judges
commented.
At the oxford campus, many
Of the approximately 5000 stu
dents seemed to fear that Gov.
Barnett will close the school
rather than allow it to be de-
segregated.
The standard greeting was. !
Where are you going to school
tomorrow"
Violation Charged
At the end of yesterdays
court hearing in New Orleans,
Presiding Judge Ebert P. Tut
tie of Atlanta said the court
had found that the board mem
bers had wilfully and inten-
tionally violated the courts
order to admit Mr.. Meredith.
Then he added the court was
Withholding a formal pro-
nouncement of guilt until it
learned whether the board
members we're ready and will
ing now to comply with the
admission order.
At this point, Board Chair
man Tom Tubb went before
the bench. said he spoke for all
Is members of the board. and
told the court the board would
comply.
Judge Tuttle said the boards
show of compliance would have
to include the revocation OF
two of the boards resolutions
Evening star., 1962-09-25

the Agrarian Institute to get
the land for them.
To date 84,700 landless fam
lilies have asked for land. The
number grows as knowledge
and information about the re-
form spreads. President Betan-
court has set himself the goal
of resettling 100000 families
by the time his term expires
in March. 1864.
First the land is identified
and the syndicate formed. Then
the process of appropriation be-
gins. If the estate is state
owned. unused either privately
or publicly, or if the private
owner agrees to the price fixed
by the Agrarian Institute, the
process takes only months. If
not, the case goes to court, and
years can elapse before the
proper price is fixed and the
land taken.
Il would like to simplify this
appropriation procedure so that
peasant syndicates can tenn
porarily occupy disputed land
after a time" said Mr.. Pinerua
Ordaz.
Upsets Absentee LandIOrdism
On the other hand, he main
tanned that the present law has
broken the back of absentee
landlordism which once con-
trolled 81 per cent of all arabic
land. Other observers added
that Venezuela does not have
the entrenched landed aristo-
cracy that plaques neighboring
Latin American countries. Rich
oil exports, not titled land, are
the modern source of power
and wealth here.
When an estate is taken over,
the state becomes an active
| if unofficial" partner in the
peasant settlement. A provi-
sional deed for all the property
is given to the provisional, exec
utive committee of thesyndi-
cate. A technical state assis-
tant" is dispatched to advise
on what crops to grow and
where to market them.
"A mans politics does not
determine what land he gets
or where he sells his produce"
said the peasant-head Of the
La Julia" executive. THE gov
ernment adviser is only here
temporarily"
But what are the politics of
the members of La Julia? Nine
lty-nine belong to Accion De-
mocracia Democratic Actinn),
President Betancourt's party.
Stirs Political Dispute
Not unnaturally. this adula-
ton Of the president in the
countryside has Eenerated con-
trovsrxy. Presidential oppon-
ents. Who nos cuutEsi . major
ity N ConErezG are draEging
their tsef O. rs regxt fnr -
millinn ho1Emzs nhuwE SIS Ezil-
honl % Euz--s tbs vars
aGTNr1az E
Tnwy ew T w1B
Arc1 Il - ~ m
fE nsxz y1w
& Bzs Ea rxEm kns Es1e
too Ear 90 hm rwuew9 hy this
o. any fu<we Eussrrlent. :
said Mr. PLneE1a oz1zL
Most onseTvexS aEree. H-is
as simple as tire words Of that
defiant peasant b. the din
track:
Governments come and 60.
but the land Is mine. and I
will stay on It."
Tomorrow: venezuela's Econ
Omy.
Evening star., 1962-09-25

cleus Of a new class of small
/ ndowners there. Their
achievement and the hope it
breeds among their less fortu-
nate landless fellows have be-
come the main bulwark Of dem
ocratic government in Vene-
zuela.
One of these settlements is la
Julia" where 142 peasant FAM
lilies have been settled on
1000 acres outside Turmero.
a small town in the interior
west Of Caracas, the capital.
The land was an estate con-
fiscated with payment from
the family of Gen. Juan Vicente
Gomez. The general was dicta-
tor of Venezuela from 1909 to
1885.
Independent Now
Leoncio Aponte had been
given seven acres. He did not
have to pay for it. After one
year of trial" to test his
willingness to work, the Ma
tional Agrarian Institute (IAN
are the Spanish initials) gave
him the deed of ownership.
That is required by law.
II no longer have to ask any,
one for anything" he said,
land my family is not hungry
Evening star., 1962-09-25
CARIBBEAN TiNDER BOX
Lond Reform Gives
Venezuelons Hope

This IS the second Of three articles
on Venezule BY M. Shermon. who
hos been on on extensive tour Of
trogbled Lotin American countries.
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05
The Sidney Herald-wednesday. December S. 1852
Cards Show Chanqe

Greeting cards for Christ
mas show, each season, an in
crease in the number of reli-
giouS subjects - but this has
not always been true. In fact,
the earliest Christmas cards
often had designs that seemed
to have no connection with the
holiday.
Instead of Nativity scenes or
symbols of holly and mistletoe,
early American Christmas
cards of the 10Th century were
decorated with roses and por-
traits of young ladies, accord
ing to The Encyclopedia Amer
icana. Often, plump robins
were pictured sitting on tree
branches dripping with icicles,
In this early stage pin-up
girls were not unusual. Kate
Greenaway drawings were fire.
quently used, some cards pic
turing single figures from her
drawings, others portraying
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05
SEA Inspires Lore
of Ships at Yule

Ships arrive on Christmas
morning, carrying Jesus, Mary
and Joseph, says the English
carol, 81 Saw Three Ships
Come Sailing" This is one of
many legends developed by
seafaring peoples to connect
Christmas and ships.
Stories of the first st. Nicho-
las were carried from Asia
Minor to Northern Europe by
sailors, and children in Hol-
land long believed that st.
Nicholas arrived by ship from
Spain. In Greece, st. Basilio
comes on January ! to deliver
gifts, and he too is transported
by ship.
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05
Carols Spring
From Many Sources

From the first angelic cho-
rus, GLORY to God in the High
est" the sound of voices raised
in song and rejoicing for the
birth Of Christ swells across
the ages. Today, carols from
many lands and many epochs
fill the air at holiday time.
Sources of some carols are
lost in the past, but many can
be traced 10 interesting ori-
gins.
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05

Postmaster X. q. Carpenter
expressed his appreciation to-
day for your excellent coopera-
ton so far on his 1862 mail
Early for Christmas" Campaign
He said, however, that only by
stepping up all Christmas card
and gift package mailings inn
mediately, will it be possible
to process and deliver your
cards and gifts by Christmas
Day.
The Postmaster said further,
"It looks like the Christmas
mail this year will set an all
time record, far exceeding the
thousands of pieces of mail
that were dispatched and de-
livered in the pre-holiday sea-
son of 1861"
The Postmaster continued,
Lets not disappOint a single
friend or loved one at Christ
mas time by putting off our
Christmas mailings to the last
minute"
He offered these good sug-
gestionS that are easy to fol-
low Be sure your return ad-
dress and the recipients name
and address is plainly typed or
written on all labels and
Christmas cards. Avoid aIbbre-
viationS of state and city
names.
Try to bring your parcels to
the postal windows before 10
AM. or between 1870 and $3.50
PM. to avoid the noon hour
rush.
Pack you ChiStmas gifts in
strong corrugater cartons. Use
plenty of stuffing material to
insure safe delivey. Seal pack
ages with heavy paper adhe-
sive tape and tie them with
good, strong cord. Be sure to
ask about Parcel Post size and
weight limitations when you
go to the Post Office to buy
stamps.
Speaking about stamps, the
Postmaster said, use the col
orful new 4c Christmas stamp
on all your Christmas cards.
BY sending your cards First
Class mail, they will be de-
l.vered promptly and forward
ed or returned, if Necessary, !
poviding you include your |
name and address on the Christ
mas card envelopes.
Secure free labels at the
Post Office which read, "ALL |
FOR LOCAL DELIVERY" and |
''ALL FOR OUT OF TOWN /
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05
Carpenter Appreciates
EurIy Christmas MuiIinq

DELIVERY. Then, separate
your Christmas cards into two
bundles, thus expediting hand
ling and delivering of them at
the Post Office.
Beginning December 10, SER
vice windows at the Post Office
will be open at 8 am.
Try to ger all of your Christ
mas presents mailed before
December 10. Christmas cards
for out of town delivery should
be sent before December Is,
and those for local addresses
should be mailed at least a
week before Christmas. The
Postmaster erminds us that we
can make it a merrier Christ
mas for everybody if we will
Mail Early and Often!"
SHOP EARLY IN SIDNEY
AND MAIT EARTX
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05

dancing girls with garlands of
flowers.
About 1870, cards were FROST
ed and fringed with heavy silk.
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05
Silent Night"

"A broken organ inspired
"Silent Night" SO that the
people of the parish might
have a song at Christmas,
Father Joseph Mohr, an Aus
trian priest, wrote the carol,
and his organist composed the
music. It was sung on Christ
mas Eve, 1918, to guitar ac-
compartment.
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05
Deck the Halls"

Expressing the merriment
of Christmas, "Deck the Hall
with Boughs of Holly" is an
English carol set to an old
Welsh air. 1t refers to such
ancient traditions as the
''blazing Yule" log.
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05

What woman doesn't love fine china and what finer china
could you give her than Lenox Add her china with place
settings, serving pieces, choose from many charming
patterns Stop for anniversary present you know she'll
love...
The Sidney herald., 1962-12-05

SHOP EARLY IN SIDNEY
AND MAIL EARLY
Evening star., 1962-12-16

bank, with a man who mods
and says thank you" for
every offering; a Trick Dog
that jumps through a hoop
held by a clown; a speaking
dog, circus wagons and toy
cannons. AS Mrs. Lightfoot
observed, they were all mas
terful designs for getting pen
nies out of children.
Among the fire engines,
all big and handsome, are a
patrol wagon with horses and
driver, an old pump and a
water tower with galloping
steeds. "A great deal of
thought was given to them,
as you can see," Mrs. Light
foot noted. You can actually
feel the speed Of the fire.
mems horses racing along"
These pieces are made Of
painted lead. They've never
been repainted, at least not
by their present owner,
Soldier MOldS
In the hobby department,
the sleeper" of her children's
finds were some inexpensive
lead soldier molds, also some
spoon molds. With these, she
said, "You just need a tink-
er's ladle and a bar Of lead
and you have an excellent
pastime for children" Hers
used to make "a set of SOL
diers for a friends birthday,
then paint them. 1t was so
successful I introduced 1t as
a project for a Scout troop"
Mrs. Lightfoot's array fur
ther includes a miniature cof-
fee grinder, miniature dry
sink, miniature trunks and
chests and porcelain dolls
heads which she collected,
and a little wooden bucket
inherited from her mother.
Some of her pieces are about
100 years old, she said.
For other parents who
yearn to put something old
and nostalgia under their
children's tree this year, Mrs.
Lightfoot offers encourage
ment: She and her children
did most Of their shopping in
the Washington area.
Evening star., 1962-12-16

A cursory check of local
antique stores produced a
scattering Of old toys-some
leather-bodied dolls at Good
will Industries ($5 and $40
and up), a mechanical con-
crete mixer at the Christ
Child Opportunity Shop in
Georgetown ($10), a $25 cast
iron farm wagon with drivers
and horses at the Apothecary
Shop in Alexandria, also a $40
tin warship there.
There's no one place to
look for a large selection. But
a tour Of several or many
shops might make a nice one
day Christmas vacation from
the crowded toy departments
downtown.