davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20

There is a strong political odor to
the poll of Democrats in Congress on
their attitude toward a tax cut Just
before November'S election time.
When appraiSing the health of the
economy has become almost a national
paStime, and whether to cut or not to
cut taxes is subject of daily Specula-
ton, an administration canvass of its
member Democrats on Capitol Hill,
coming on the heels of the medical
care vote in the Senate, could establish
one of two things: First, that enough
Democrats would vote for a tax cut,
if requested by the President, to put it
through, or, second, that what might
be called "a handful of Democrats"
Joined probably by nearly all the Re-
publicanS," would vote down a tax-cut
proposal at this time. A possible reward,
in the same order, could be a political
plum or political issue.
AS it happens, Democratic head
count on Capitol Hill-which Senate
Majority Leader Mansfield affirmS is
now under way-is not likely to provide
an adequate answer as to whether a
hastily improviSed tax cut is needed or
is even defenSible. The President, for
example, has set up some rather high
standards for making this determine
ton. Asked about the matter at recent
news conference, he referred to pre-
viouSly announced plans for recon-
mending comprehensive tax reform
program next year, and added that
he would prefer to maintain that Sched-
ule. In the meantime, however, he said
that I'VE are continuing to watch the
basic indicators of the economy" Since
then, the indicators have been no worse
than mixed - including record June
levels of industrial output and personal
income-with the most bearish inter-
pretationS being only that the pace of
So-called recovery has slowed.
There is widespread conviction that
revision of the tax laws, as they apply
both to business and to individuals,
would be of significant long term bene-
fit to the national economy. There is
also ample evidence, however, that tax
reform, if and when revenue legislation
juStifies such action, requires careful
and time-consuming consideration An
acroSS-the-b board "quickie," with no
matching reduction of expenditures
land there would be none), would run
up the Federal deficit and jeopardize
hopes for more constructive tax reform
next year.
If tax cut is, in fact, desirable or
defenSible, the proof must come from
better evidence than showing of how
the Democrats in Congress would vote
just before setting out on the campaign
trail. The President, in the national
interest, can find better economic guild
ance than this.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
Good Reporting

Our thanks to David Bro
der for his July 16 report in
depth showing with remark
able objectivity just how a
political boss BAILEY of Con-
necticut) operates in a crisis.
Such reporting is in the
tradition of Lincoln SteffenS,
Paul Y. Anderson, Tom Stokes
and such. True, they usually
went on to draw conclusions
and take positions. But, like
Broder, they first showed an
appetite and respect for the
subtle facts in the details
necessary to an effective tell
ing of the story.
For the details essential to
such reporting, imaginative
editors are required to pro-
vide them necessary space.
In this instance, as in others,
The Star had both the editors
and the reporters, and Star
readers, including the under
signed, were the gamers.
Paul StiftOn,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
Friend at Court

If Charles A. HorSky'S new assign
ment signifies that the District is to
have a friend at court, meaning the
White House, this could be very hope
full development for the Nations Capital.
In his new post, Mr. HorSky appar-
emily will be concerned with many mat
tiers affecting the District. Specifically
mentioned in the White House an
nouncement, however, were the new
youth program, hopefully designed to
deal with juvenile delinquency, and the
transportation problem "a problem
which becomes more of headache with
each passing day. If he can solve or
even make any significant progress in
coping with these difficult matters, this
community will be indebted to him.
. The creation of this new post lad
wiser to the President on National
Capital affairS) follows recommenda-
ton by Senate-House committee in
1859, and therefore should not be taken
as implying lack of confidence in the
present Board of Commissioners. In
deed, the White House statement was
at pains to dispel this notion. Instead,
as we understand it, in addition to ad-
vising the President, Mr. Horsky will be
a kind of front man" for the Commits
Sioners in their relations with the Fed
eral establishment, and If this is so he
can be very useful to them.
Much, of course, depends on the
man himself. Privately, some concern
has been expressed on the score that
Mr.. Horsky is the bleeding heart"
type-too far over on the liberal side.
Without knowing precisely what these
terms mean, we venture to suggest that
those who entertain such fears will be
pleasantly surprised. Mr.. HorSky'S whole
record supports the view that he is Glib
eral" in his outlook. But he is also very
able, open-minded and not given to
theological sleight-of tricks. We
hope and believe that he will be a dis
tinct asset to this city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
Economy of Waste

Thanks to The Star WASH
ington residents enjoy the
benefit of Constantine
Browns perceptive insights
from abroad. OF particular
significance was his recent
column concerning the ap-
prehenSion which Swiss
bankers and industrialists
are experiencing as a result
of our economy of waste"
In matters of finance the
Swiss are justly reputed for
their sagacity. Indeed, their
prosperity bears witness to a
meticulous outstanding of
slender resources in an indus
trially barren land. BY way
Of contrast the power of
America resembles a miasmic
iridescence tanning out from
the churning wake of profit
gate waste fueled by limit
less resources.
Americans seem to pride
themselves on their ability
to waste with impunity. For
example, Americas multi
billion dollar highway pro-
gram does nothing to improve
our competitive position in
the world markets. Yet we
acquiesce in this folly on the
theory that the more we
spend for transport. the
higher our gross national
product will be, and the high
er our gross national product
becomes, the richer we are.
This is madness but the ben
eficiaries cannot be expected
to protest.
The willful wrecking of
Washington's street railway
system is a microcosmic mir
ror of the downward spiral.
We accept such folly because
1t represents a carefully in
tegrated scheme whose ulti-
mate significance we tremble
to question. Whether we
awaken before the point of
no-return is reached depends
upon the vigor of our latent
courage.
Those who aggressively
promote the wrecking of fixed
transport facilities long iden-
titled with urban vitality usu-
ally invoke progress as a JUS
tification. The noted sociolo-
gist Karl Mannheim explains
why they do so in these
words: g.. for what is eco
nomically irrational for a
whole nation may still be
profitable to particular
groups. . Their psychology
is mainly to be explained in
terms of a gamble in which,
though the nation lose, they
should still get rich"
Mark A. Lillis,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
Airline Strike

The strike against Eastern
Air Lines by the Flight En-
gineers Union is depriving
the travelling public of vital
service. BY law and custom
we recognize the right Of
labor to organize and strike
an employer. We cannot per-
NIT a strike against the pub
lie. Eastern Air Lines is a
public utility, not a private
business. The Federal Gov
eminent is authorized by
Congress to issue an air car
rier a certificate only if it
serves the public con-
Venience and necessity"
Once a certificate has been
issued. the overnm e n t
should not permit a labor
management dispute to i'm
pair the obligation of an air
line to provide service, even
if it ultimately leads to COM
pulsory arbitration.
The East is partially para
lyzed by the Eastern strike.
While the flight engineers
are nominally striking East
ern, it is the public which
suffers the economic injury.
In effect, it is a strike against
the public.
President Kennedy has
recognized that he is not
without resources in regulat-
ing business policies. The
K nnedy administration
should do its duty and apply
the same standard to a labor
union which undertakes arbi-
trary action contrary to the
public interest, especially
when it involves a federally
licensed air carrier. Unless
President Kennedy takes
some action against the flight
engineers. he will stand
rightly condemned in the
public mind as guilty of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
For Free Farm Market

In theory, at least, the basic objec-
tive OF all farm programs and of innum-
cradle studies of the farm problem"
has been to maintain or improve farm
income while reducing the staggering
cost to the taxpayers of various subsidy
devices and of storing great SURPRISES
OF unneeded commodities BY and large,
over the years there has been some sue
cess in maintaining farm income but
none to speak of in lowering the public
costs.
The Committee for Economic Devel-
opment has now proposed another ap-
proach to the problem-directed at the
goal of free-market agriculture to
be reached through five-year gradual
elimination of price supports and of
Federal controls. During the transition
period, the Government would encour-
age reduction in the farm labor force
by about e-third-nearly two mil
lion workerS-through a program of
training in other skills, of providing
job information and of extending loans
to defray costs of moving to non-farm
work areas. BY this accelerated emigra-
ton, the CED contends that a major
accomplishment would be "relief from
the overburden of people pressing on
farm income by getting a large number
of people out of it (farming) before
they are committed to it as career"
This, along with removal of artificial
price incentives, would tend to bring
production into line with demand and,
with fewer farm workers, maintain
their per capita income level.
It would seem to be a challengeable
thesis that the trend toward leaving
the farms can be Speeded up without
adding to existing problems of unem-
ployment elsewhere. At the same time,
there is tempting logic in the theory
that the farm problem itself will not be
resolved until there is a closer approach
to free market and a removal of the
costly incentives to reproduction
which have, on the whole, brought their
greatest cash rewards to high income,
commercial farm operators to the
storage induStry-rather than to the
family farmers.
At the moment, however, there is
little prospect of legislative action along
the lines proposed by the CED. The
House is scheduled this week to take up
a Stop-gap bill extending for one year
the voluntary controls on wheat and
feed grains, introduced after the much
tighter administration formula was re-
ected in that chamber last month.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
THE PASSING SCENE
MeIodromu and Mediocre Issue
By WILLIAM S. WHIT

medicare and have left him
on other issues, toe.
The truth is that ne never
had any real hope for medi-
care at this session; for even
had the bill cleared the SEM
ate. it was already dead and
buried in the House. The
Senate battle, if not a sham
battle. was at best a battle
lost before it began.
Conservative VS.. Experimental
What has been proved"
by medicare had already been
proved over and over to all
who would look and listen.
This is that the President
has been able to take Con-
greSS with him on the vital
things - cold war, foreign
trade, foreign aid-but has
not been able to take Con-
gresS with him on much of
his domestic program. Why?
The one-foreign policy-is
basically conservative and
has the consent of Congress
and country. The other-do-
nestle policy-is basically ex-
perimental and has not got
the consent Of Congress and
country.
This being the bedrock
reality. the President is, of
course, not going to lunge out.
on any give 'em hell" con-
greSsional campaign, for sew
eral sound reasons. One is
that no amount of Presiden-
tlal give 'em hell" could de-
Stroy the more or less con-
sentative Democratic grip on
Congress which is exercised
by its committee chairmen-
unless the Republicans won.
Another is that he has got
to get along with that Con-
greSs-and those chairmen-
in another year and on many
issues besides medicare. A
third reason is that, tough as
much as this present Congress
has been on him, he would,
after all, much rather deal
with another Democratic
Congress than with a Repub-
lican one. 81.
And, finally, it should not
be forgotten that Congress
has not, in fact, rejected med
lcal care for the aged, in
principle and as such. 1t has
rejected a particular bill en-
oodying a particular approach
at a particular time, which
was presented to the Senate
in so helter-skelter a way
that even some who were
sympathetic to the general
idea would never have voted
for it anyhow in these cir
cumstances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20

@. When harness-racing
sulkies changed from high
wheel to low-wheel types,
were speed records affected?
p. B.
A. Yes. Writing in 1896, a
historian of the trotting horse
said: In July. 1892, the %
inch wheel, pneumatic tire
of the bicycle was applied to
the sulky. and it was quickly
demonstrated to be so much
faster than the high-wheel
sulky that it is now almost
universal. AS the bicycle is
from four to five seconds
faster than the high-wheel,
record to that kind of We
hicle ranks lower than one
made to the old-fashioned
Sulky. The best record to
high-wheel sulky on a reg
ulation track is the 2:0834 Of
Maud S. The pacing req
ords of John R. Gentry,
2:0324 and Robert j., 2:01h.
were made to bicycle"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
Veterans Benefits

AS a veteran of World War
II and the Korean War,
Richard Velz in his letter on
pensions for veterans of
World War I is anything but
realistic"
AS a veteran of these later
conflicts, through the CT
bill, with its free training and
liberal loan and insurance
provisions, he is now a spe-
cial citizen. This constitutes
a very substantial extra
bonus to add to his bonus
of the American way of life"
Unfortunately veterans of
World War I were never in
such special position, and as
a consequence many Of these
forgotten veterans cannot
express themselves as we'll as
Mr.. Velz.
There is no provision in
the CT bill which specifies
that only those with physi-
cal handicaps may take ad-
vantage of its benefits. Lack
OF training for a. profession
or a trade is certainly a ham
dicap. Had this training been
provided for the older vet
Grams, many of them would
not find it necessary to ask
for benefits which to any
fair-minded person are long
overdue. Furthermore, the in
adequate hospital records and
equally inadequate diagnos-
TIC techniqueS of World War
1 have made many honest
cases of service-connected
disability hard to establish.
Opportunity may be on
every hand" for the younger,
Well-trained or well-educa-
ted veteran; but opportunity
may have very elusive ways
for the older. unframed one.
1t must be quite hard to ad-
just ones thinking to sub
standard living, especially in
a country of milk and honey
Tor others, and in a country
in whose defense one played
a very personal part. All re-
quests for benefits for World
War I veterans have carried
an income limitations pro-
vision evidently never even
dreamed of in the CT bill.
True, a man does not ex-
pect a reward for guarding
his own home; but if he
spends some of the best years
OF his life guarding in addi-
ton everyone else's, he ex-
poets to be treated at least
as fairly as those who have
done likewise. With the lin
tied life span left to the
World War I veteran a few
deserved benefits now could
hardly be classed as a life
time reward" which the ben
efitS of the CT bill definitely
were and are.
Why not stop making as
Economical figures of the
extended cost of these bene-
fits. present a realistic cost
figure to Congress, and ther
let the committee be fail
minded enough to report the
bill for a vote on the floor?
Clara Vanderslice.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20

To get to the calm facts
about the political implica-
tons of the Senate's rejec-
ton of President Kennedy's
medical care bill it is nee
esSary to cut through a great
deal of that breathless melo-
drama which good actors
call hockey theater.
This is no mere minor po-
litical affair. But, nothwith-
standing much shrill rhetoric
from partiSans and their fol-
lowers. it is not great, enor-
nous. colossal. bitter, dire
full. dreadful or historic.
Undoubtedly. it will form
an issue in some of the con-
greSsional campaigns this fall
in some places. But to sug-
gest. as many are doing, that
it will provide the very hinge
and pivot amounts to Sug-
costing that the whole fate
OF both parties can be set
tied upon a single question
which is far from clear-cut
and far from universal in its
impact on voters.
Moreover, there is yet
more excited nonsense. This
is the picture being offered
OF a President positively
seething with outraged anger
and barely able to restrain
himself from leaping even
now upon the stump to pun
iSh the anti-medicare Sena-
tors and House members and
reward the others.
The President is ANNOYED
that his bill failed in the SEN
ate. He is interested in revers-
ing that verdict in the next
Congress. He will certainly
take a hand in the congress
sional campaign, though
even now the depth of his
commitment to that enter
prise is still unsettled.
A Dual Effort
He will make a dual effort.
First. he will try to make
sure that the new Congress
remains in Democratic con-
trol-not excluding those VINO
are bad" Democrats from
his point of view, for the
bad" along with the good"
are necessary to form a
Democratic majority. Next,
he will give special help to
those who from his viewpoint
are the right kind Of Demo-
cratS-meaning ready to sup
port him on medicare and
many other things, too.
He has no intention what
ever, however. of going out
bowling for the heads of
those Demo rats, mostly
Southerners, who left him on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
A BOOK FOR TODAY
Sad Saga of Nine Patriotic Sochems
By DONALD MINTZ

forced approval of their re-
turn to the Northwest" But
not to their actual homeland.
Nevertheless, let us be thank
full for the force of public
opinion in a democracy. ->-
The Patriot Chiefs covers
a period of about 200 years
from King Philip of The
Wampanoags to Chief Joseph.
In between we read of many
different Indian cultures re-
siSting the encroachment Of
two white cultures, Anglo
American and Hispanic. -
THE PUEBLO uprising
against the Spaniards Of 1880
is one of the most fasci-
mating of JoSephy's tales, and
an anecdote connected with
it epitomizes the relation be-.
tween the races. The In
dams won this conflict. The
SpaniardS were unable to
understand why it had &C.
CURED at all. Even when
one old native told them
that the Indians resented
losing what the Spaniards
had taken away from them
their ancestral ways of
life and the right to their
own beliefS-they thought
he was bewitched. Like
other white men in genera
tons still to come, they
shrugged off as savage stub
bornness mans longing to be
free, and the patriotic mo-.
tive behind the hatred and
terror of Pope and his wildly
screaming Indians eluded
them entirely"
Mr.. JoSephy, a managing
editor of American Heritage,
writes Skillfully but is some
times bland. His biogra-
phies are assembled from
standard sources, and the
reader senses this for occa-
sionally they take on the
character of rote recitation.
But the book is vital and
important. For as recent
news developments and Mr..
Josephy's epilogue tell us,
THE issue is still joined.
1t is an issue that must
concern all Americans. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20

The PATRIOT CHIEFS
by Alvin M. Josephy, jr. 1854
pp.. illus, maps Viking
Press, So.
1T may be regarded as
certain that not a foot of
land will ever be taken from
the Indians without their
consent. The sacrednesS of
their rights is felt by all
thinking persons in America
as much as in Europe"
Thomas Jefferson's prophecy
of 1885 could hardly have
been less accurate.
The foreword to Alvin M.
Josephy's sketches of nine
prominent dams who
fought and suffered for their
people is cautious and per-
haps a bit apologize. "I
trust that my motives will be
understood in combining this
book to the stories of Indian
patriots. The reader will
understand, I am sure, that
evil was never all on one side,
and that the purpose of this
book is not to imply that all
Indians were good and all
white men bad" Neverthe-
less 1.-The facts show that the
sins did fall heavy against
many Of them" (the In
dianS).
Then the biographies I'M
fold, and with them the
whole sad story of the sense
less, uncompromising vi
ciousnesS that accompanied
Americas westward expan-
sion. From King Philips War
in Massachusetts, and Rhode
Island in the 1670S to 1.-The
Last Stand of Chief Joseph"
in 1877, it is much the same.
Indian land was stolen, and
for a time our Indian policy
came perilouSly close to
genocide. There was mis-
understanding on both sides,
and Mr.. JoSephy is careful to
show this. But at the same
time, the white American
was always the invader, and
the red American always the
defender.
THE PATRIOT CHIEFS is
narrative biography. It is not
the authors task to explore
the long term aspects of In.
dian policy nor to determine
if a decent accommodation
was possible between red anc
white. But any American
deeply convinced of the NOR.
al rightnesS of our present
cauSe-and surely this must
be most of us-will read ThC
Patriot Chiefs with guilt anc
put it down in shock.
Here ended all hopes OF
our remaining at peace -
having been forced into wal
by being deceived" cried the
Sank Chief Black Hawk re-
calling the events of 1912 anc
1913. He was right.
Here is what happened tt
the Nee Perez in 1877 after
the surrender of their CHIEF
Joseph. Although the Gov.
eminent failed to honor
Miles promise to send TIT
Indians back to Lapwai, sym
pathy was aroused through.
out the Nation for Joseph!
people. At first the Indians
were shipped by flatboats anc
boxcars to unfamiliar, hot
country in the Indian Terri.
tory, where many of then
Sickened and died. But
friendly whites and sym.
pathetic societies in the EaSt
continued to work for them
and public sentiment finally
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used if
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20

"favoritism" in dealing with
labor unions.
Carl L. Shipley,
Chairman, Republican State
Committee for D. c.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20

Whatever the outcome in the House,
the time for experimenting with the
proposed free market is not just around
the political corner.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-20
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

A reader can get an answer. By
mail, to any question Of fact hy
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau. 635 F street NV. Washington
4, D. c Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed. stamped
envelope.