davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
Stroke of the Pen

Applying that "Stroke of the pen"
mentioned during his campaign, Presi-
dent Kennedy has sought to accomplish
by executive order and the regulations
to enforce it what Congress has repeat
edly and specifically declined to do by
egiSlation-outlaw racial discrimination
in publicly financed housing. This is
sound constitutional policy" he said,
land we have done it."
Certainly it is policy that stems
from recent Supreme Court interpre-
tations of the Constitution. Whether
application Of that policy by executive
order is compatible with duties and
powers assigned to the President in re-
lation to those assigned to Congress
under the Constitution is another mat
ter. Entirely aside from the merits of
what the President seeks to accomplish,
his method of its accomplishment, If
sustained, represents another long step
in the ACKNOWLEDGMENT of presidential
powers and a further weakening of the
doctrine of Separation of Powers. And
it strengthens what Edward S. Corwin,
in his study of the Presidency, has de-
scribed as Social acceptance of the
idea that government should be active
and reformist, rather than simply pro-
tective of the established order of
things"
The President, as he made so evident
in his campaign, is an advocate of that
idea. 1t fits his own concept of the
responsibilities of executive leadership
and the inherent, rather than defined,
powers of the President to discharge
them. That concept has varied with the
philosophy and personality of preceding
occupants of the White House. To most
Of them the deSirability Of accomplish
ing certain ends would have seemed
irrelevant and their Interpretation of
the limitations on executive powers
would have been controlling. President
Truman thought he had inherent power
to seize the steel mills. A Supreme Court
majority found he lacked such power in
the absence of congressional legislation
Yet the seizure of the steel mills in
the face of a threatened strike was a
temporary expedient designed to cope
with a passing emergency 1t was
trivial gesture as compared with the
significant implications of the new
"law," with criminal penalties among
its provisions, now placed on the books
through Presidential decree in the face
of repeated refusals by Congress to
approve a comparable law.
Whether the President will be sus-
tanned, if challenged in his far-reaching
order, is bridge yet to be crossed. He
was wise, in our opinion, in combining
its prohibitions to federaly financed
housing-about 26 per cent of the esti-
mated total. We doubt that the effect
will represent any substantial setback
in housing construction. At any rate,
housing financed by public grants or
loans is the proper place to begin.
And what the President has done, if it
survives challenge, is only beginning.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
TV HussIe

The Stars news accounts
of the Schick Safety Razor
Co. and the Kemper InSur-
ance Co. seeking to cancel
advertising with ABC tele-
vision as a result of the Alger
Hiss appearance is most sig
nificant. apart from the par
ticular facts.
For years we have seen
organized pressure groups
exert economic pressure to
advance the liberal super
state. For years we have also
seen business support with
advertising the very news
papers, magazines and COM
mentators who actively seek
to cripple the capitalistic
system upon which our rights
and economic progress de-
pend.
The actions Of these two
outstanding companies indi-
Gates American business has
learned the lesson and is no
longer willing to substitute its
enemies. The awakening of
business should be beneficial
to those who believe in the
virtues of personal response
blity, private enterprise and
individual freedom.
Leonard J. williams.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
A Voice in Revolt

An anti-Jimmy Hoffa group of
truckers banded together in an organ
ization known as The Voice of the Team
SterS lost a National Labor Relations
Board election in Philadelphia a few
days ago. But the vote-count should
give little satisfaction to Mr.. Hoffa.
The election issue, in brief, was a
move by the insurgents to have Local
lot, one of the biggest of the TeamSter
affiliateS, de-certified as a bargaining
agent as a preface to a membership
Jump to the AFL-CIO. The prestige, as
well as the job, of one Raymond Cohen,
a faithful and high-Salaried Hoffa lieu
tenant who is the boss of Local LOT, and
who is well-known to the Senate RacketS
Committee, was at stake and the big
parent union rallied to his help. The
rebels depended mostly on courage,
which Is needed to buck the Hoffa ma
chine from the inside.
More than 1000 members turned out
for the NLRB vote, and when the heads
were counted the Hoffa-Cohen margin
of victory was less than 600. This is, of
course, still victory, but it is one that
has prompted Secretary of Labor Wirtz
to point out that Mr.. HoffaS leadership
is not surviving unchallenged from with
in the ranks. There have, in fact, been
successful secession movementS-Such
as the cab drivers in Chicago and the
dairy-truck drivers in Cincinnati. The
Philadelphia move was the first involv-
ing long-diStance truckers, the back
bone of the outcast Hoffa union.
Actually, 1.-THE Voice" has been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22

from vast incinerators, noise
from huge air conditioners,
severe restrictions on sun
light and air, and the like. 1t
will also herald the depress-
ing of land values, and the
decrease in tax revenues from
the property in Cleveland
Park. The rush to the sub
urbs will receive many new
adherents from the Cleveland
Park area.
These consequences are
largely unbeatable. Can any
one assert that they are de-
Sirable?
Cleveland Park is one of
the very few remaining at
tractive residential areas in
the City of Washington. Its
roots and its development go
back to the turn of the CEN
tury and before. Included in
its boundaries are the famous
landmarks of Tregaron, Rose
dale, and the properties of
the Washington National
Cathedral. The neighborhood
is characterized by spacious
and comfortable middle-class
homes, with good yards, trees,
a playground, and good
schools. 1t is inhabited by
citizens whose civic spirit and
sense of city history and pride
have often been manifested
in their interest in city prob
lens. The typical family has
several children. The commu-
nifty is convenient, safe, and
attractive for family living.
During the years I have lived
in the neighborhood, I have
noted the pride which the
residents take in their homes
and their community, and the
many substantial improve
mentS which have beer made
at great individual family ex-
pense to improve and beauti-
fly the area.
But the Cleveland Park res
idents live, as the latest pro-
posal shows, under constant
threat of encroachment by
land spectators and profit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
MetoI-Hunqry World

A nations Industrial
strength depends upon its
ability to produce and &C
quire metals. The Soviet
Union has vast mineral re-
sources and its output Of
most metals shows a notable
increase in recent years, but
many of the metals by which
he expects to bury us are
lacking in sufficient quanti-
ties to meet the demands Of
KhruShchev's pronounced
plans.
The Bureau Of Mines
''World Mineral Production
Summaries" for the years
1958-1961 show that, among
the ferrous metals the aver
age output Of the Sino-So-
Wet bloc, over this four-year
period, was less than one
third Of the worlds steel,
chromite and nickel and just
over half that Of manganese
ore and tungsten. Among the
non-ferrous metals the Sino-
Soviet countries produced
only one-sixth of the copper
and silver, about one-fifth of
the mercury, aluminium and
molybdenum. one-quarter of
the lead, zinc, tin, gold and
platinum, one-third of the
magnesium and less than
one-half the antimony.
1t should be noted, how
ever, that the Sino-Soviet
countries, with a population
of about one billion as COM
pared with that Of the Free
World with about two billion
have much lower per capita
consumption of metals and
that there is a greater de-
mand for metals to supply
their ambitious plans for
military and ndustrial
strength. These bloc coun-
tries are meeting this demand
in part by an intensive de-
velopment Of mineral re-
sources and by imports from
those Western powers which
consider trade with the enc
my as more important than
freedom.
We are living in a metal
hungry world and within the
foreseeable future many met
ais will be in short supply be-
cause Of the mounting per
capita consumption in all
countries.
The problem Of mineral
supplies for the Soviet Union
is real. To increase the effect
of these deficiencies, every
effort by the Western powers
must be made to stop ship
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
School Dictionaries

From the smallest tax
supported college in the Dis
trict of Columbia, there comes
a faint and unheard cry for
help. The District Teachers
College has lost its accredita-
ton to the National Teachers
Association, mainly because
Of poor facilities which do
not attract the best qualified
students.
The condition Of the
Teachers College buildings is
a disgrace.
What reasons can Con-
gress give for not appropriate
ing enough money for an
adequate college plant? They
voted the District $40 million
for an aquarium for fish! Can
it be that Southern congress-
men still carry their preju-
diceS into the governing body
of our land?
Herbert Drucker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
Herbert Drucker.

teerS who seek to exploit the
convenience and attractive
ness of the area for their
own financial advantage.
Where existing coming does
not lend itself to the maxi
mum exploitation, organized
and persistent efforts are
made to enlist the aid of the
District Government through
liberalization of the coming
and the coming regulations.
Only two years ago an effort
was made to rezone the same
area for high-rise apartments,
and it was only through the
determined efforts of an
aroused community and at
considerable expense that
this effort was defeated. Now
the residents Of this area
must make the fight again
to protect their homes from
the threat.
The fight will be made. But
there are some questions
which could be asked.
Is there no end to this
constant harassment by land
spectators?
Is there no stability in our
coming laws or in the coming
applicable to our few remain
ing established residential
areas?
Is there no planned ap-
proach to coming problems
which give proper considera-
ton to the interests of the
city at large?
We citizens of Cleveland
Park think that these ques-
tons deserve an answer. The
issue presented on the recon-
ing of Wisconsin Avenue and
portions of the affected cross
streets in Cleveland Park will
have a great deal to do with
the future and character of
this area as a residential COM
munity. We believe that it is
in the interests of the entire
city that this neighborhood
be permitted and, indeed, en-
couraged to survive.
Guy Farmer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
Nixon in Defeat

Richard Nixon, 1t will be
remembered, lost the 1860
presidential election by a
handful of votes in a few key
industrial States. So close, in
fact, was the election that for
days after the outcome had
become apparent many Nixon
supporters fervently felt that
a recount would surely turn
the contest in his favor.
Charges Of vote fraud began
to roll like thunder across the
Nation but in that fateful
hour. when a single word Of
dissension from the Vice
President would have plunged
the country into divisive con-
troversy, he rejected those
who sought to turn the cleo
ton in his favor and gave
instead his full support to
the new President.
His gracious, almost cheer
full concession Of defeat and
expression of support for the
new President at a time when
his heart must have been
close to breaking is surely a
moment in American history
worth remembering. For in
that moment the vanquished
seemed taller even than the
victor.
Let the critics ponder this
then as they righteously cas-
tigate him for a forgivable
display of temper at a time
when it no longer mattered:
In his finest hour he stood on
heights they can never hope
to even glimpse.
James 4, Diffin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
THE POLITICAL MILL
Peace in the Caribbean
BY GOULD LINCOLN

President Kennedy's firm
handling of the Cuban crisis
has set in motion a chain re-
action which could reduce
materially the chances Of
world conflict and modify to
some extent the cold war
which has grown and per-
sisted in the years since
World War II. Americans will
properly feel grateful on this
Thanksgiving Day for the
Presidents fortnight action
four weeks ago-for his es-
Enlistment of a naval block
ade Of Castro's Communist
Cuba and his declaration
that other steps would be
taken unless Soviet Russia
Immediately withdrew the Of
fensive nuclear weapons and
eliminated the missile sites
it had established in the is
land 80 miles from our coast.
In the Presidents further
report to the Nation, through
his Tuesday press conference,
Mr.. Kennedy made it clear
that much remains to be
done before the United States
can be sure these offensive
weapons have all been re-
moved from Cuba. and that
they will not be secretly re-
turned. He promised, how
ever, that the vigilance of our
Government will not be re-
duced in any way, and that
if Mr.. Castro declines to
agree to adequate on-site in
ternational inspection, this
country will take other means
to protect itself. He did not
rule out the use of armed
force. And that is a point
which should sink into the
minds of both Mr.. Castro
and his Communist chief,
Russian Premier Khrushchev.
1t leaves, in a measure, a sure
indication to both master and
man that this country fully
intends to use force, If nee
eSsary, to insure the United
States from attack.
The U. S. Position
Mr.. Kennedy put it clearly
when he said: CAS- for cur
part, if all offensive weapons
systems are removed from
Cuba and kept out of the
hemisphere in the future,
under adequate notification
and safeguards, and If Cuba
is not used for the export
of aggressive Communist pur-
poses there will be peace in
the Caribbean" Under such
conditions, and only under
such conditions, the Presi-
dent said: I'VE shall neither
initiate nor permit agrees
sion in this hemisphere" But
the President added that we
will not, of course, abandon
the political, economic and
other efforts of this hemis-
phere to halt subverSion from
Cuba, nor our purpose and
hope that the Cuban people
shall someday be truly free"
Necessarily, the prompt
manner in which the nations
Of this hemisphere and our
allies In Europe rallied to the
support of President Kennedy
when he told the Soviet lead
er he must remove these Of
fensive weapons from Cuba,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22

ments of metals, munitions,
machinery and spare parts
from Canada and other Allied
nations to the Iron Curtain
countries including Cuba.
Such shipments add largely
toward the building up Of
their industrial strength.
Unless there is a united eff
fort among the Allied nations
to prevent these gains, the
Soviets will continue to mus
ter the metal supplies they
lack and greatly increase
their industrial strength for
aggressive action in the Cold
War and in trade expansion
with the less developed coun-
tries of the Free World.
Charles Will Wright,
Former Chief Of Mining
Division, Bureau Of Mines,
and Chief Foreign Mineral
Specialist, Department Of
State.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22

or else, has been highly graft
flying. AS the most powerful
leader of the free world. the
United States has check
mated a scheme Of Soviet
Russia, the most powerful
leader Of the Communist bloc,
to blackmail us into Submis-
sion to Communist demands
in West Berlin and in other
areas Of the world.
BOlsters World Morale
1t is far too early for us to
conclude that Soviet Russia
and the Communist bloc have
changed their design to COM
munize the world. Certainly,
the Red Chinese are throwing
their weight around. They
have criticized bitterly what
they call the softness of Pre-
mier Khrushchev. Despite
Chinas ceaSe-fire order in
the present fighting with
India, there has been no
weakening of its demands on
that country, the largest in
Asia next to China. There is
no doubt, however, that the
Cuban affair and its handling
by President Kennedy, has
bolStered the morale Of the
entire free world. But no one
knows where Communist ag-
gression or subversion or both
will break out next.
Even though Cuba's poten-
tial aggressive Strengths
power to threaten our cities
with nuclear attack = has
been removed, or is being re-
moved, Cuba still remains a
Communist dominated coun-
try in the Western Hemis-
phere-a thorn in our side.
AS of today, our only promise
to seek to bring about a
change in the Cuban govern
ment is through economic
and other pressures. In this
test Of strength everything
will depend on economic and
other support which Red
Russia and Red China give to
Castro's government. Their
own economies are faltering.
While Russia is holding
back, the Red Chinese appar-
emily are bent on plunging
the world into war-even a
nuclear war - to get them
selves out Of their present
difficulties. The full-scale war
it has started against India
may be a first step. However,
at present, China has no nu-
clear arms. If there is to be
a world war, the Red Chinese
must rely on Soviet Russia
and Soviet Russia. if its &C
ton in the Cuban crisis
means anything, does not de-
sire such a war. This not
withstanding Mr.. Khru-
shchev's frequent boasts that
Russian arms will bury the
United States in ruins.
The United States and
Britain have both promised
aid to India, and have sent
missions to that country to
determine how much and
what kind Of aid they will
give.
The next question, inter-
nationally, is what about
Berlin?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22

There is a strange, ap-
parently impenetrable land,
one-time home of a people
extinct for a millennium,
where no human had entered
for at least eight centuries.
Such is the land of the
Anasazi, described by anthro-
pologist Frank E. Masland, jr.
in the current issue of the
Journal of the Explorers
Club. 1t is a barren country
that lies astride the Utah
Arizona border, probably the
most inaccessible region in
the United States. Entrance,
according to DR.. Masland's
description, is an ordeal of
the first magnitude which
hitherto has turned back
even the hardest navajo
hunters.
There is no way in" they
told Masland. They went on
to say, he relates, that there
was a stable chunk of the
country that was impreg-
nable, literal terra incognito,
a forbidden country to both
white and red men. This. he
says, was an irresistible chal-
lenge which he accepted,
finally overcoming the bar
rierS.
ultimate Challenge
GAS we looked out over this
jumbled. undulating, cavern
Gus endless land" he says,
I'VE realized that what we
were gazing upon represented
the ultimate challenge" The
land is circled by what ap-
pear to be uncroSSable can
yons. There was little rea-
son to think that anything
would be found there except
more complete desolation.
Every few hundred yards, he
says, there are vertical drop
offs and plunges. Several
times it was necessary to
climb cliffs where there was
no possible footholds except
by means of ropes.
He finally was successful,
however, in getting into the
country beyond the canyons,
certainly the first human be-
ing in known history to do
so, and he now is trying to
have the mysterious land of
the AnaSazi declared a ma
tional park with some sort of
entrances into it built by the
National Park Service.
At one time apparently it
was not so difficult to enter
and there was considerable
evidence of ancient habita-
ton. Apparently the terrain
has changed considerably in
a millennium.
For example, he relates,
three clearly defined ruins
stood in three alcoves on
the east side of one of the
canyons. They had been
built of sandstone blocks and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
Berlin Wall in Cleveland Park Area

A great deal has been writ
ten and said about the blight
which has descended upon
the City of Washington as an
attractive residential area
and the consequent flight to
the suburbs. Many have de-
plored this deterioration Of
our Nations Capital but few
have attempted to do any
thing about 1t, particularly
where a specific issue arises
requiring the application of
intelligence and foresight and
the pursuance of a consist
ent long-range plan for the
preservation of the city.
I should like to call atten-
ton to an example in point.
The Zoning Commission
has given notice that a hear
ing will be held on December
5, 1862, to consider a pro-
posal to rezone an area along
the eastern side of Wisconsin
Avenue from Macomb Street
to Ordway, an area of three
city blocks. The purpose of
the proposed new coming is to
permit the erection of high
rise, high-density apartment
houses reaching a height of
80 feet and occupying rs per
cent of the land space on
the lots in question.
The ultimate effect of this
proposal, if it is adopted,
will be to bring about the
erection of a solid Berlin
WALL" 80 feet in height and
several city blocks long along
the western boundary of
Cleveland Park. This wall will
start just north of the Wash
ington National Cathedral.
Its northern terminal cannot
now be foreseen. 1t will also
signal a rapid influx of trans
lent apartment jewellers into
the neighborhood, with all of
the attendant problems
overcrowding Of parking and
other facilities, excess noise,
and harmful smoke and ash
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Most Inaccessible u. S. Area Visited
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

slabs laid against the cliff
wall. The rooms all were
D-shaped. Not a great deal
Of trash was present. Shards,
charcoal and broken points
all indicated occupation be-
tween 1850 and 1900 AID.
I'm the west fork of the
canyon we encountered only
one ruin. We concluded from
the location of the various
series of steps pecked in the
rock and the nature of the
sites that in all probability
in prehistoric times this sec
ton of the canyon complex
was used largely as a cross
ing. We established that
northern and southern cul-
lures had crossed and traded
back and forth"
Once Attractive Spot
Within that particular
area, the report says, there
is only sandstone. Yet fine
grained ebert, agate chalced
ony and jasper had been
brought in by the ancient
AnaSazi and worked into all
sorts of artifactS. While
much of the area now is es-
sentially uninhabitable, at the
head of one valley the ex-
plorers came upon an area
which was we'll protected and
watered by a fine fresh
stream.
Here" says the report,
zone could not only seek
refuge but live contentedly
and indefinitely. The ancient
Indians liked this spot.
There are granaries and evil
dence of a substantial agri-
cultural complex where they
practiced irrigation"
The Anasazi had disap-
peared long before the first
white men came into the
Southwest and probably be-
fore the coming of the In
dams who now occupy the
country round about. They
survive only in Indian legend.
1t is evident that they must
have found the now for
bidding land quite attractive
and easy of access.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used lDiH be
returned only tohen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-11-22
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. What is the proportion
Of widowers to widows in the
United Satisfied.
A. The 1860 Census shows
that there are about % wild
overs to every 100 widows.
@. What university did
Thomas jefferson found?-
NM.
A. Thomas Jefferson
founded the University of
Virginia in Charlottesville.
He designed the buildings,
outlined the curriculum, and
acted as first rector.