davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-08-27
PARKS
Continued From Page AL

Continued From Page Al
by Third. Fourth and G streets
and South Carolina avenue Sc.
In his statement Mr.. Jett
commented that the Commits
sioners have said they have no
authority to purchase the re-
quested land parcel since it is
outside the freeway right-of-
way. He said the District does
have the right ito acquire"
land for transfer to the Park
Service. The Commissioners
also turned down requests to
close two sections Of street and
deed the streets to the Park
Service.
Mr.. Jett said he is most
hopeful that the Board of Com
missioners will re-study this"
Park officials said the ques-
tion of the Districts right to
purchase excess land would
ultimately be reviewed by the
National Capital Planning
Commission.
District officials previously
have said that the Districts
policy provided the Park Serv-
ice with large quantities of
land. The Park Service now
owns $4,000 acres of park lands
in the District and nearby
areas.
SIC Million Spent
Within the District the Park
Service owns around $500
acres. District officials pointed
out that SIC million in District
funds were used to purchase
3.0l2 acres within the District
for the Park Service under pro-
visions Of the Capper-Cramton
Act.
District officials said that 264
acres Of additional land was
transferred from the District
to the Park Service.
Land transferred fom the Park
Service to the District Of
Evening star., 1962-08-27

Libya during the Algerian war
and laid down general policy
for the nationalistS. Members
of the council belong to various
factions of the National Liberia
ton Front (FLN, the domi-
nant nationalist group during
the rebellion against France,
but their public following has
never been tested at the polls.
The guerrillas' 5000 word
statement was filled with bitter
attacks on Algerian "neo-co-
lonalists," "feudalists" and
former collaborators with the
French. 1t said Mr.. Ben Bella S
Political Bureau had betrayed
the nations martyrs and liber-
alton war veterans by shielding
and encouraging such enemies
of the revolution.
The statement called for
land reform and socialization
of industry through uncondi-
tional appropriation. 1t justi-
fled the guerrillaS' arbitrary
arrests, seizures and searches
in Algiers as a continuation or
the struggle against terrorism
by the European Secret Army.
1t dismissed Western diplo-
matte protests agains rape,
looting and general insecurity
as coming only from repre-
sentatives of NATO countries
whose support of French i'm
perialism is notorious. The
statement suggested that the
protests were not worth con-
sidering because they did not
come from African-Asian or
Communist diplomats.
The anti Western, anti =
European and anti-capitalism
tone of the statement was un-
mistakeable.
A spokesman for the guerrilla
command admitted that only
one of the other five guerrilla
zones, No. 3 controlling the
Kabylie Mountains east of AL
giers, had expressed support
for Wilays as position. There
| are an estimated 10000 guer-
rillas in the other five wilayas.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
BeItsViIIe
Fights World
Fungus Peril

CORVALLIS, Ore, Aug. 81
(SpeciaD "A Beltsville Md
scientist said today that fungus
organisms as potentially dang
erous as that which wiped out
the American chestnut tree may
lurk unsuSpected in other parts
of the world.
Mrs. Alice j. Watson, a myco-
logist at the Agriculture De-
partment's Plant Industry Sta
ton. said only the vigilance of
Federal plant quarantine in
spectors has kept American
crops and forest free of deva-
stating plant disease organ
iSIns from abroad.
Mrs. Watson's work includes
examining infected plants or
plant products intercepted at
the border.
Most of these intercepted
fungi are added to the 672, 900
speciments now on file in the
National Fungus Collections at
BeltSville.
Mrs. Watson told the Myco-
logical Society of America meet
ing here Of three close calls.
In one, a rust disease in Chile
was nearly brought in but pre-
vented by quarantine. 1t could
have struck the United States
lentil industry, which is GEN.
tered in the Pacific Northwest.
Also excluded In recent years
was a sweet orange fungus
found on planes and ships from
South America. A smut which
destroys potato tubers in Mex
leo and South America also has
been intercepted by plant quar-
antine inspectors examining
shipments destined for the
United States.
Evening star., 1962-08-27

Columbia for street purposes
totalled 277 acres, District
officials said.
Previous land purchases in
this area for the Park Service
have been handled by the Ma
tional Capital Planning Com
mission, District officials said,
and there is considerable doubt
whether the District has au-
thority to condemn land for
the Park Service.
The area surrounding Gar
field Park has been declining in
population, and a new freeway
may change use patterns for
the park. Also, the Planning
Commission is working on a
comprehensive park and recrea-
ton plan for their 1880 plan
for the District. This plan
might say that additional pur-
chases Of land may be needed
more in neighborhoods without
heavy concentration of park
land.
District officials have In
dicated a willingness to pur-
chase the extra block near
Garfield Park, but were turned
down when they asked the Fed
eral Bureau of Public Roads If
the Highway Trust Fund could
be tapped for the acquisition.
The bureau said the trust fund
could not be used for the park
purchase, and the Commission-
ers said they would not be able
to use other funds.
The Park Service said the
extra block Of land would make
a better recreational area for
two schools that are in the i'm
mediate area. The District
H Highway Department has
to replace the wading
pool and other recreational
facilities by moving them from
the southern one-third Of the
park to the northern two-thirds
which will not be needed for
the freeway.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
Mccormack to Head
Civil Liberties Group
Auo 27 (Apl

PITTSBURGH. Aug. ~ (AP)
Edward j. Mccormack, jr.,
Massachusetts, attorney gen.
eral. is the new chairman of
the National Advisory Commit
tee of the Catholic Council on
Civil Liberties. He was elected
Saturday to succeed Dean Jo-
Seph OMeara of the Notre
Dame University Law School.
Thomas Francis RIFT of
Lawndale, Calf, a technical
writer. author and lecturer, was
named president of the council,
succeeding william H. Beacon
of Omaha, Nebr.
Evening star., 1962-08-27

velocity greater than 1872 miles
a second, it will start to spiral
out towards Mars. If this veloc-
ity is reduced below the 1871
mile figure, the body will start
falling in towards the sun.
Heart of Paradox
But how are we to "slow
down" something that has to
be launched to a speed of many
miles a second? This is the
very heart of the paradox. The
first thing that was done today
was to place Mariner in orbit
around the earth, at a speed
of 5 miles a second. All this
time, of course. the earth
was travelling counter -clockwise
around the sun, and the space
craft was. for practical pur-
poses, part of the earth.
Now, at an instant when the
space craft was travelling in
its earth orbit in a direction
opposite to that of the earth's
path around the sun, rockets
were fired to add 2 miles a
second to Mariners velocity
relative to the earth's. This
had double effect:
/. 1t increased Mariners
earth speed" to the crucial
$4,000 miles an hour escape
velocity which enables a space
craft to tear free of the earth'S
gravitational bonds.
2. 1t Cancelled out the effect
Of two miles a second from the
earth's 1872 mile a second
speed around the sun. This
reduced Mariners velocity rela-
tive to the sun to a rate we'll
below that needed to stay in
solar orbit at the earth's dis
tance of SO million miles.
Speeds Past Earth
What happened? Mariner fell
momentarily behind the earth
in the endless race around the
sun. Then the space craft
began to fall" toward the
sun. That is the condition
that prevails now.
AS the space craft continues
to draw closer to the sun, it
will gain speed and pass the
earth. A month from now it
will be well ahead of both the
earth and Venus, but Venus
will be catching up. AS long as
Mariner is in the region be-
tween the orbits of the two
planets, it will be moving faster
than the earth and slower than
Venus.
BY being well ahead of Venus
at the time of launching (6
O'Clock versus 8 o'clock on the
solar system map) Mariner can
afford to travel more slowly
than the target planet. Near
the end Of it's long flight-if
Venus is now on an adequate
trajectory - Mariner will be
travelling at about the same
speed as Venus, but the planets
gravitational field will add an
other two miles a second to
Mariners speed. The space
craft will whiz by Venus at the
moment of closest approach.
After its scheduled half hour
of glory in mid-December
scientists interest in Mariner
will become rather academic. It
will go into the limbo of solar
orbit and will be entered in the
record book as one more arti-
ficial planet along with Pioneer
V Of 1860 and the Soviet Venus
lprobe of 1961-dead but, not
forgotten.
Evening star., 1962-08-27
THALIDOMIDE
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page Al
with the help Of Gallup poll
sters, has attempted to estab-
lish the same connection with
normal births as well.
The results Of this survey
may be significant. In Berlin,
for instance. it was discovered
that, while the use of thalido-
mide was five to seven times
greater than the national aver
age. the incidence of deformities
has been extremely low.
Definite proof Of thalido-
mide's responsibility, it is ar
gued here, would consist in re-
producing the same results in
laboratory animals. And here
again. the evidence to date Is
far from conclusive.
Most standard laboratory an
imalS such as rats and guinea
pigs are able to absorb massive
doses Of the drug with no i'll
effects whatever. A few cases
OF malformations in rabbits and
chickens have occurred when
the doses were 80 to 100 times
the normal human intake; but
even in these cases. it is report
ed. the deformities were not
typical Of those found in hu-
man babies.
No Easy Answers
The argument. perhaps, may
seem somewhat academic. If
thalidomide is the real villain,
the rate Of this peculiar kind of
deformity should fall dramati-
cally from now on. The present
rate, estimated in Germany at
3.5 per thousand live births, is
more than 200 times the normal
rate of one per 10000 births re-
ported before 1856. For most
people, no doubt, this in itself
will be proof enough.
What will be resolved, how
ever, are the questions of how
the tragedy might have been
prevented and what can be done
in the future to insure that it
does not happen again.
To these questions, unfortu-
nately, there are no easy an
swers. So far as the drug firm
is concerned. the record is quite
clear that, after three years of
years of testing, thalidomide
appeared. from all the evil
dence, to be among the safest
sleep-producing drugs ever
produced.
To have foreseen the conse-
Evening star., 1962-08-27

Charts show how earthVenus
CA indicated situation today with earth
and craft being launched direction opposite
around the "B" situation a
Mariner Overaken earth and travelling the
hOpedOr situation in mid
distance of about 10000 miles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07
As Others See Us

A poet once produced the in
spired thought that II we could
"see ourselves as others see u.s.
1t would help free US from
many q foolish notion"
That was long before DR.
Freud became concerned about
the notions Of man when he
Is mentally Ill. But as Freud
pointed out. the creative writer
often knows intuitively what
makes US tick. And he might
have been thinking Of Robert
Burns among others.
DR.. Floyd s. Cornelison was
thinking only Of helping the
mentally III when he decided
to explore his theory that II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07

There is an Illuminating
story in DR.. Cornelison's case
book about a man of IS who
had complained of "fainting
spells" for 16 years. They US
ually happened on early rising,
he said. so they admitted him
to the hospital and moved his
bed into the 8. I. E. room.
There. mornings at six, a SCI
entific camera crew recorded
the patients ritual Of rising.
None Of the several such films
recorded any fainting spells =.
because there weren't any.
When the man saw himself as
the camera saw him, he was
filled with CONSERVATION; the
experience was a real awaken
ing.
After two weeks In the hos
pital. he was able to return to
his community and his job. The
improvement continued for
several months; but as he be-
came more removed from the
treatment. symptoms began to
reappear. He will soon return
to the hospital for additional
sessions Of self-image expert
ence. II is hoped that s. I. e.
will have a long-lasting thera-
peutic effect on his illness, that
II viii help him return perma-
nently TO a normal life. after
these many years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07

Babies are all alike. Who
hasn't heard this cliche about
a recently born infant2 But II
Is a scientific fact that babies
are individuals. each with It's
own personality, from the day
they are born.
OF course Mrs. Beata Rank
and DR.. Samuel Kaplan know
what 10 look for In newborn
babes and have the patience 10
look for II. This team OF re-
search psychoanalysts are
learning all about baby at the
James jackson Putnam Chill
dren's Center In Boston. The
National Association for Mental
Health is helping TO support
their long-term study in child
development.
Aided by two pediatricians,
two psychologists, three psy-
choanalysts and one nursery
school teacher, Mrs. Rank and
Or. Kaplan have been explor-
ing one group Of children for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07

would help them to see them
selves as others see them. But
perhaps the lines of the mag
NATIVE poet-as hackneyed as
only truth can be-triggered the
imaginative psychiatrist's re-
search project.
But unlike Bobby Burns, DR..
Cornelison didn't need to ex-
hort some mystic power Ito
give us the gift to see out
selves" All he needs Is q
movie camera and a tape re-
corder.
He calls his project at the
University of Oklahoma Medi-
cal Center self-image expert
ence, or S. I. E. for short. The
National Association for Mental
Health is supporting it for a
third successive year.
Hopeful Results
The patients and responsible
relatives have agreed to par
ticipate in this experiment
which may prove an important
contribution to the control Of
mental illness, the Nations No.
l health problem. Tentative
results now indicate a change
for the better in the behavior
Of a number Of the psychotic
patients receiving 8. /. E.
A color movie and q sound
recording Is made Of each pa
tent before he is given drugs
that modify behavior or any
other therapy. Therefore at
first filming" says DR.. Cornell
son, "he still shows q typical
degree Of psychotic behavior
In his appearance. the way he
moves and talks. and in his
mood"
About half the patients see
and hear themselves; the rest
are controls" in the expert
ment and remain untreated.
When q film Is run for q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07

dark room becomes fear Of q
strange room, and this In turn
becomes fear Of q strange per-
son. So he transfers anxiety
to any event, or even thought,
in any way similar to the orig
inal source Of anxiety; so fear
leads to fear until crisis is pre-
cipitated.
Generalization Of anxiety /.
rapid conditioning responses i.
slow learning q behavior
pattern recognizably schizo-
phrenic.
Aid TO Prediction
"Or preschizophrenic," says
DR.. Mednick. I'VE now feel we
may be able to describe the
characteristics Of an individual
who Is exceptionally prone to
developing the disease. We are
now ready to use our tests on
a large population in an effort
to predict" which individuals
are likely to become schizo-
phrenic.
The results Of the tests will
of course be top secret to pro-
tect those selected as schizo-
phrenic possibles. II the pre-
dictions" are substantially con-
firmed by the end of ten
years, another large group win
be tested. This time the pre-
schizophrenics will take part
In the testing Of treatment
methods suggested by the Med
nick theory.
Half will be treated, the
other half remain untreated.
OF course DR.. Mednick antic-
ipates that fewer cases of ILL
ness will crystalline among the
treated preschizophrenics.
And that would be an i'm
portant contribution to the
control of this "psychosis Of
YOUTH" according to DR.. VIII
liam Malamud, research direc-
tor Of the National Association
for Mental Health.
Most authorities agree that
a vulnerability to schizophre-
MIA is probably inherited" said
DR.. Malamud. But that
doesn't mean that everyone
born vulnerable develops the
disease. A breakdown can Oft
en- be avoided If symptoms are
diagnosed early enough. II we
could detect q vulnerability be-
fore actual symptoms develop,
it would be a real break
through, not only in the con-
troll of schizophrenia but in the
total fight against mental ILL
ness.
Anything that penetrates
the mystery Of schizophrenia
will shed light on other dark
areas of mental and emotional
disorder"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07

ers and sisters are collectively
called can be studied to con-
firm the interaction Of genetic
equipment and environment, as
already observed in the not
quite two-year- olds.
"Genetic equipment" also
called elmer reality" de-
scribes the potential ego q
baby is born with and the
strength of his urges. "Enviro-
ment," or "outer reality" re-
fers to parents and others who
contribute to the child's well
fare, physically, emotiopally
and culturally; and to life
crises like loss or separation
illness and accident.
Group Play Beneficial
While studying the first
borns. the investigators COM
pare each child's developing
personality, fantasies and
speech, with his earlier expert
ence. They also observe the
toddlers' interactions In regular
group therapy and compare
them with interactions of chill
dren Of the same age and ex-
perience who have not had the
advantage Of early group play
DR.. Kaplan and Mrs. Rank
believe group play is an adj
vantage. Children who play
together at an early age, be-
fore they become aware Of pos
session." says DR.. Kaplan
make a better adjustment to
group behavior at q later age
What are they like, these
babies who are giving their
gurgles and tears to help un-
derstanding Of their fellow In
fants? Well, one small boy Il
much more interested in peo-
pie than In things. In his first
week Of life he responded diff
ferently to different people
This developed into q rich anc
subtle expressiveness TOWARD
people" during his first veal
''in a particularly sensitive en-.
vironment."
Very different is q young fe.
male who, from the first, ap-
preached life through hel
senses. Her delight in touch.
ing things, in seeing and hear.
ing, has developed into a "very
rich play Of fantasy and mag
nation"
DR.. william Malamud, re.
search director of the Nationa
Association for Mental Health
believes the Boston study ha,
already contributed data impor'
tant to mental health, not only
of the young but of humankind
Because mental health-o
illness begins in the very
young" he said. I'VE know
now that the first six years o.
a child's life shape the mar
or woman it will become"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07

treated patient he is questioned
to see II he recognizes himself
and how he feels about it
While this Is going on the cam
era is busy again, recording
changes In behavior. 1t any
for the patient to look at
when he next returns to the
s. I. E. room. There are about
10 Of these sessions over q pc
'riod Of about two months.
Repeats Sometimes Needed
Sometimes there Is q notice.
able Improvement after the
first film showing; sometimes
It takes several showings.
Patients in the control
group are also recorded at in
tervals. Since they do not see
or hear themselves. any changes
in behavior must be attributed
to other factors, perhaps some
thing as simple awareness Of
the movie camera.
"Of course we must confirm
our hypothesis" Or. Cornelison
says with scientific action.
But by carefully controlled
studies we hope to prove that
psychotic behavior can be
changed by exposing the pa
tent 10 self-images Of his abb
normal appearance. actions
and moods"
In q later phase Of research
"raters" will be trained TO study
paired films OF each patient
and score changes In behavior
The raters will not be told
which are the treated or un-
treated patients. After indi-
vidual ratings are completed.
changes In each group VIII DC
averaged. II the statistical EVIL
dence indicates an improve
ment 10 the advantage Of the
treated patients, DR.. Cornell
sons bunch will be confirmed.
Highly Original Approach"
DR.. william Malamud, re-
search director of the National
Association for Mental Health.
has this 10 say about self-image
experience: "It's q highly orig
inal approach TO the treatment
Of the mentally III. II the re-
suits thus far reported by the
investigators are confirmed. we
shall have q new method Of
treating the mentally Ill and
helping them TO return TO q
useful place in the commun-
ity."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-12-07

six years, and a second group
for two. Or perhaps tn t
should be seven and three .
because this study of the de-
veloping infant begins before
1t is born.
During pregnancy the moth
er's personality is assessed in
bi-weekly sessions; the father
is interviewed for further In
formation on parental inter.
action; and both are psyche,
logically tested. All this, lonl
before q small bottom is gent,
ly slapped to encourage littlt
Johnny or jamie Doe to accept
life apart from mother.
From that very first cry
baby becomes a person.
Early Signs
And during the first week,
the researchers suggest, his
ability to conform to external
stimuli may actually predict
the later strength of his ego.
For example, if baby is alert
and has some control over re-
spending, or not responding, to
the stimulus Of an imposed
feeding schedule, it may very
well be evidence of a strong
ego to come.
ut should be increasingly
possible" says Mrs. Rank, Ito
anticipate the Short-term be-
havior Of a given infant one
week after birth. And by re-
vising our observations periodi-
cally. we should soon be able
to make a long term prediction
in regard to his development"
Both groups under study at
the center are first children.
Current research is concen-
trated on the second group Of
five children who have reached
the age Of 81 to 20 months.
Since they are first-borns,
baby brothers and sisters may
be anticipated. When they ar
rive, these siblings Gas BROTH