davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-25

ball fans-to substitute a sport,
which has not yet shown any
probable loss of attendance be-
cause of parking fees. Il think
it wholly unfair" he said.
Mr.. Kearns said he was put
ting the controversy up to Con-
gress because IF Washington
is going to have a baseball and
a football team, I think we
should do a little to help them -
Quesada, Visit
He said he was visited by Ell
wood R. Quesada. president of
the Washington Senators Base
ball Club, last week and that
Mr.. Quesada said the present
fee would destroy" him.
Mr.. Kearns, a member of the
National Memorial Stadium
Commission, pointed out that
the original stadium bill, which
he is seeking to amend, said
nothing about parking fees. The
District Armory operated for
years without charging any,
thing for parking, he said.
Citizens groups and Armory
exhibitors have complained
about the 81 charge ever since
the Armory Board instituted it
when the stadium opened last
October. Representative Broy-
hill, Republican of Virginia,
last week also urged a reduc-
ton of so cents.
The Armory Board has in
sisted the parking fee will be
a major asset in paying off
the $l9.8 million bond issue
needed to build the stadium.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-25
This Years
PothoIe Crop
Improves

1t may not be SO obvious to
the driver slamming his car over
one, but the pot hole situation
in the Washington area is much
better this year than last.
This is to say that this years
pot holes are running about
normal.
Last year the holes in the
roads were horrible.
A survey Of area highway
officials reveals that there are
still pot holes plaguing motorists
but no more than usual at this
time.
This is the time road main
tenence crews start getting
phone calls from irate motorists
complaining of the bad ruts
in the road and broken pave
ments, and the crews start
making their appointed rounds.
In the District three truck
crews have been working full
time on filling the gaps these
past few weeks, and officials
report that in a week-if the
weather remains good-the
seasons crop of pot holes will
be completely covered over.
They will come again-if not
at the same places, at least at
the same time-next year. The
winters ice and SHOWS bring the
pot holes and once the dry
weather returns they can be
repaired.
There was so much freezing
weather last year that it took
special crews weeks to clear up
the roads.
!. In Fairfax and Montgomery
Counties, officials say the pot
hole situation is of less con-
Germ than usual.
Other Jurisdictions report a
normal amount of pot holes and
the repair work is under way
throughout the area.
After the temporary filling
of the pot holes, work crews
will be moving about later in
the season to do the more per-
manent street resurfacing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-25

The work is being paid for
by Gordon Leech, who has the
concession at the Zoo restau-
rant.
Also on the bright side for
the much-neglected, 72-year-
old Zoo are improvements al
lowing animals to be shown in
settings outside bars and cages.
Our hope is to destroy the
idea that a ZOO is a museum
for animals that are not quite
dead" a spokesman for the
Smithsonian Institution, which
operates the Zoo, said last
night.
Instead of cages and a
menagerie atmosphere, we're
shooting for an environment in
which meats, walls and struc-
tural glass will safely confine
the animals and allow them to
be seen in a naturalistic
setting"
This scheme is in line with
the most advanced world
practice.
A preview of the 10-year
transformation program elected
praise last week from the Fine
Arts Commission. Approval was
voted with very high COM
mendation."
House Votes Funds
Even more important, the
House last week approved an
appropriation for the first-year
stage of the work. A total of
$3.7 million was voted, prin-
cipally for road construction
that will eventually Danish all
automobile traffic from the
center of the grounds.
From the second year on, i'm
provementS are scheduled at a
yearly cost of SIT million.
This years appropriation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-25
DC. Zoo Gets Bright New Look,
Picnic Terrace, New Entrance

Gaily-colored cockatoos will
swing from clumps of white
birch trees in a double-ter-
raced picnic area seating 72O
persons now being constructed
at the Washington Zoo over
looking the duck pond and the
Monkey Island.
The picnic and dining area
should be open to the public
by May /, or sooner if
weather permits.
The cheerful picture of
what's ahead for the ZOO also
includes a SURPRISE track
less train for visitors use.
Work has been under way
for about two weeks on the
picnic area just east of the
park restaurant beside the
water fowl ponds.
To Be Open All Year
The terrace will be open
the year around free to the
public. Those who wish to
dine on the terrace may bring
picnic lunches or buy IN e r
food at the restaurant.
AS planned by the architect,
Henry Shadid, the terrace
area will be about 225 feet
long and consist of two levels,
one eight feet below the other
The lower level will parallel
the waterfowl ponds and the
upper will run beside the
existing roadway down to
Beach drive.
Other Improvements Due
One hundred REDWOOD
benches and tables will be in
stalled. Then the area will be
Handicapped with the addition OF
at least four clumps of white
birch, Is or 20 feet high, to
provide some cover from the
sun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-25

would be divided between the
National Park Service ($2.5
million for a road and 800-foot
tunnel to bypass Potomac park
way traffic now using the ZOO
grounds to reach Rock Creek
Park north Of the ZOO and the
Smithsonian (Which would get
$1.2 million for a new Connec-
ticut avenue entrance and other
improvements.
If the Senate approves the
appropriation, work will be
started during the 1868 fiscal
year, with other projects sched-
uled in phases for future years
to avoid disrupting public use
of the zoo.
Entrance to Be Shifted
First-year work will include
relocation Of the main auto
mobile entrance to a point
about 200 feet north of the
present entrance in the 5000
block of Connecticut avenue.
The new road will lead to
new parking lots along the
northern periphery Of the
grounds, and extend circuitous-
ly to Harvard street.
The present main entrance
road will be turned into a
"strollway" for pedestrian traf-
fic. One terminus Of the in
expensive trackless train -
scheduled to be put in opera
ton within several years-will
be located near the strollway,
just inside the main pedestrian
entrance.
Likewise to be undertaken
the first year is remodelling of
the bird house and construc-
ton of a huge geodesic-dome
flight cage for birds. Flightless
birds will be shown behind dry
meats, without fences.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-25

OF the parking Zee, Mr..
Kearns said yesterday.
All three Armory Board men,
bers, charged with operating
the stadium. said they would
go along with the Kearns bill
if Congress would reimburse
the District Government for
the difference between 81 and
50-cent fees.
IT would have no objection to
the bill if the differential were
paid" Commissioner Walter N.
Tobriner said. He has warned
several times there will be a
staggering deficit" in the sta
dium's operations for this fiscal
year, even with the 81 charge.
Francis ]. Kane, board chair
man, said he would be willing
for any adjustment to be made
to keep the people happy - if
we won't be criticized by Con-
gress when we go to them for
more money to operate the
stadium.
AbendrOth Agrees
Maj. Gen. w. H. Abendroth
said he agreed with his board
co-members. Earlier he had
staunchly favored the 81 fee.
Mr.. Kane denied reports that
he suggested cutting the park
ing fee in half.
1.-THE stadium is a business
with us. and 1 feel we need
the money" he said, although
I believe some adjustment can
be made"
Mr.. Tobriner warned if the
board cut the fee on its own it
would be asking District tax
payerS-nOt all of them base.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-25
Keorns' Bill to Ask Cut
In Stadium PorkinQ Fee

bill to lower the parking fee at the District Stadium
from 81 to so will be tomorrow by Representa-
tive Kearns. Republican of Pennsylvania.
I'VE built the stadium financed through
backed bonds and don't like to the whole project
savaged because people staying away from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01
Open Dump

Residents of the Kenilworth section
of Washington have been subjected since
1910 to the constant nuisance of the
burning of tons of refuse in open dumps.
For most of those years the huge and
smelly bonfires were fed by 1900 truck
loads of trash day. Although the VOL
ume has dropped somewhat in recent
years, the stencil and smoke remain. 1t
is small wonder that the residents are
fed up. In letter on this page, one Of
them, James R. Yancey, asks legiti-
mate question: Why can't the District
end this aggravation with the total
elimination of open burning?
According to Sanitation Director
William Xanten, substantial degree
OF relief is imminent as a result of the
recent completion of fourth District
incinerator, in the Fort Totten area,
and repairs to other facilities which had
been closed down. Starting next Mon
day, he says. no refuse will be added to
the Kenilwofth fires after noon each
day. And within two weeks, he hopes
to end the routine daily burning entirely.
After that, the Kenilworth fires will
rage only once week, to dispose of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01

large logs, stumps, and other such
materials which cannot be handled by
the incinerators, and on more frequent
basis for temporary periods Of time in
the event of breakdowns In the major
incinerators.
AS for an end to the Kenilworth
dump, Mr.. Xanten says that no metro
politan city in the United States has
been able to eliminate completely the
open burning of refuse. This is the goal,
however, toward which District officials
nevertheless should continue to strive.
The recent policy decision permitting
on-Site burning of structural refuse in
urban renewal areas is a step in the
right direction. In addition, plans for
a fifth major incinerator, which could
take the place of the Kenilworth dump
as safety valve" for use when other
incinerating plants are closed for re-
pairs, should be added to the long-range
District public works program at the
earliest possible time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01
Present and Past

In his recent remarks here to some
1000 college students, President Ken
nedy, repeating what he said in an
earlier address at Yale University, urged
that the "cliches and political argu-
ments" Of the past be tossed into the
discard. And why? Well, according to
him, because they are not particularly
suited to the sophisticated" kind of
problems that our country must cope
with now.
Up to point, this probably is sound
counsel-but only up to a point. One
may doubt, for example, that it would
be wise to ignore such old political
arguments" as those contained in the
Federalist Papers. After all, those pa
perS are perhaps the finest and most
sophisticated" ever written on the sub
ject of human freedom and mans self
governance, and any American who fails
to read them and null over them is in
no position, really, to know what his
country is all about.
The Presidents remarks, moreover,
are open to challenge on other grounds.
This is so because they seem to assume
that yesterday is something that all of
us can brush off as we hail tomorrow on
the New Frontier. But let EcclesiasteS
comment on that: "The thing that hath
been, it is that which shall be, and that
which is done is that which shall be
done; and there is no new thing under
the sum-" 1t is presumptuous to think
otherwise. The past, including old "po-
itical arguments" is too much a part
of the present to be swept aside AS
poet has put it:
"Old things need not be therefore
true"
o brother men, nor yet the new;
All! still alDhtle the old thought
retain,
And yet consider it again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01
After q Century

Tomorrow is the Tooth anniversary
of President Abraham Lincaln'S sign
ing, and its enactment into law, of leg
iSlation which. led to the establishment
of the Land-Grant colleges, Of which
there are now SO, or at least one in
each of the States and Puerto Rico.
ObServances of the anniversary have
been held in most of these colleges
throughout the year and tomorrow
morning commemorative meeting will
be held in the theater of the National
Archives.
The theme of most of these obServ-
anceS has been the astonishing develop
ment of an idea. The idea embodied the
theory that everyone with ability to
absorb higher education should have
the opportunity of attending college.
The idea was considered highly revolu-
tionary at the time. 1t created the prec-
edent of appropriating Federal funds
for education-a precedent avoided as
dangerous and unconstitutional by Lin
coins predecessor, James Buchanan,
who vetoed the original legislation. 1t
was also revolutionary in that the col
leges to be established were to teach
"Such branches Of learning as are related
to agriculture and the mechanical arts,
in order to promote the education
of the industrial classes &. :" Thereto
fore college education had been de-
signed for those who labored with their
minds, rather than their hands, and
was pretty much confined to the classics.
Today the firmly established Land
Grant Colleges have become important
contributors to scientific knowledge,
particularly in agriculture and engineer
ing, throughout the world. Originally
financed by sale Of public land, allotted
to each State in the ratio of $4,000 acres
for each Senator and Representative in
Congress, they draw heavily on State
revenues available for education. The
University Of California, with some
$4,000 students located on six campuses,
ment In Land-Grant Colleges is about
a fifth of the total college enrolment
Of the United States.
Chief Congressional sponsor Of the
legislation was the late Senator Justin
Morrill, of Connecticut, whose name is
also identified prominently with the
development of Washington as the Cap
ital. But ones thoughts on this an
niversary turn to Lincoln. He signed
this highly controversial bill, committing
the Nation to acceptance of new re-
Sponsibility, on July 2, 1852. The day he
signed 1t he received word Of Lees hav-
ing turned back McClellan's march on
Richmond, with heavy loss Of life on
both sides. The same day he signed
the Morrill, bill he signed telegram to
his retreating General-"It Is impos-
Sible to reinforce you for your present
emergency {. If you are not strong
enough to face the enemy you must
find place Of security q. save the
Army -"
This anniversary recalls not only
the birth Of revolutionary idea that
now stands proudly on its record, but
the faith in the future of his country,
despite the dark clouds, by the Presi-
dent who signed the Morrill, bill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01

spiritual values and ends of
life.
And so, while democracy is
being alerted these days
against the thralldom of reg
imentation it must also be
warned against the thrall-
dom of a liberty selfishly
miSuSed-a liberty in which
the oars are thrown over
board. This is an hour for
those outside the iron cur
tain to listen as our priced
democracy looks everyone
straight in the eye and asks
What do you mean by free
dom, why do you want it
perhaps you have no right to
it?"
Amid all the cries of I'VE
want freedom! We want free
dom!", the pungent question
iS-Freedom for WHAT" AS
one has put it, after all
there is no particular virtue
in wanting freedom for it
self. Even a fish wants to
be free. Every wild animal
will fight to it's death for
its freedom. Don't imagine
you are a noble breed just
because you want freedom.
Always that question fronts
one-what do you want to
do with it?
Some one has pictured one
skilled in playing upon the
strings of a harp, on his way
to the kings palace to sing
his epic and win his corona
ton, but who used his liberty
on the road to cut his harp
strings, one after another,
using them as a leash for
his dog, or as a plaything
for his child, or to fix his
harness. Then, alas, when he
reached the kings palace all
the harp's strings had been
used for paltry ends. That is
a parable of multitudes of
people who spoil the harp of
freedom by using its strings
for selfish or ignoble prof.
ectS.
The quinteSsence of liberty
is that one can never be free
until he is a captive. Busy
people will throng a great
music hall enthralled as they
listen to one who is a master
because through long years
he was willing to be a slave.
Those hands. sweeping the
responsive keys with inter-
pretive touch, are free be-
cause they have been bound.
So is it in every realm of
art and of skill. So is it in
the high levels of the spirit.
That was what Lincoln meant
when. in thinking of the fet-
tiers of freedom, he declared
AS a Nation of freemen
we will live through all time
or die by suicide"
No celebration Of our Ma
TONS birthday is adequate
unless, Joined to the joyous
refrain of Three Cheers for
the Red-White-and- Blue"
there is also lifted up the
saving letters of freedom sug-
gested in one of the great
hymns of the church.
Make me q captive, Lord,
And then / shall be free!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01
Political Parallel?

The new Democratic Pres
ident took office as some
thing Of a conservative. An
Fastener, born to great
wealth, member of a large
and vigorous family, edu-
Gated at Harvard, naval serv-
ice during the war, all his ex-
perience had been in the po-
litical field; he had never, in
the eyes of big Business"
had to meet a payroll" and
therefore could not really be
an executive, like a big busi-
nessman. For the first sew
eral months of his admins
tration he pursued a con-
sentative course and sought
the cooperation of big Bust
ness" in the improvement
and expansion Of the Ma
TONS economy. He received
arrogant rebuff and attack;
perhaps the big businessmen,
accustomed to running the
Nation at will during long
years of Republican admin
istrations, regarded any Dem
ocratic President as inimical.
In any event, the President
finally fought back, for the
good of the country and the
denial of special privilege,
and to the delight of most Of
the voters. He set his jaw
and when necessary, fought
big Business" with enthusi-
asm and vigor for the re-
mainder Of his life, and dur
ing over three terms as Pres
ident. and launched what
was to become 20 years of
Democratic administration
and comparatively progress
Sive Government.
That man was, Of course,
Franklin D. Roosevelt, not
John F. Kennedy. But does
not big Business" see the
parallel? Will they never
learn? Will they, and their
special interest Satraps in
this most bumbling of Con-
crosses. force John F. Ken
nedy into active liberalism?
Are we thus to have another
20 years of progressive Gov
nment? My, / hope so.
J. Sam Mewhinney, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01
100 Years Ago

Battle-hardened infantry
men Of the Civil War had
a sardonic expression for the
untried soldier whose baptism
in blood left him wild-eyed.
It was: He saw the
elephant" One had to see
an elephant to believe such
a beast existed. just as one
had to face the acid test
Of shot, shell and saber to
know what war was really
like. At this time a century
ago. thousands of young men
in blue and gray saw the
elephant" in the Seven Days
Battle before Richmond. The
attacker. Gen. George Nc
Clellan and his Army Of the
Potomac, indecisive about
pushing the siege of the Con-
federate Capital, became the
attacked. Gen. Robert E. Lee
struck boldly. From June
26 to July /, 1862, there
was fierce fighting at Me-
chanicsville, Gaines Mill,
Savage's Station, Glendale Cor
Frayser's FARM and Malvern
Hill. Lees Army of Northern
Virginia numbered around
$4,000, some $4,000 less than
Mcclellan commanded. At a
fearful price, the Union force
was obliged to yield ground
and Richm on d breathed
easier. Those Confederates
who came through somehow
unscathed took a new lease
on life, their morale i'm
proved. Reports of the Seven
Days Battle were slow ap-
pearing in print because Nc
Clellan had ordered all re-
porters barred from the front
before the fighting started.
The Star of July 5, 1862,
reported from Baltimore:
THE Army correspondent Of
the Associated Press has just
arrived here direct from Gen.
McClellan's h e a dquarters.
After seven days incesSant
fighting, during which Gen.
McClellan's army was COM
PEELED to fall back before
vastly superior numbers, he
reached a point on James
River adjoining Turkey Is
land. He is in safe position,
with the support of gunboats.
The series of battles has been
one of the most destructive
of human life that the world
has seen. and has resulted
in the killing or wounding
1t is thought. of not less
than $4,000 men on both
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01
Boruch Missed

Until selling my common
stocks recently, I only had a
paper" loss, to use an ad-
ministration phrase. Now I
find that my money losses
total $4,000. The value Of my
stocks deprecated AZ per
cent over a two-year period.
The possibility of their going
even lower prompted me to
retrieve the balance now.
More important than the
$3.50 billion decline in the
value Of all stocks is the
prospect Of a severe recession
in the months and years
ahead. Our President has not
been too wise in his choice
of words and his subordinates
have been issuing conflicting
statements, none calculated
to instill confidence in the
business community and
those citizens who have in
vested their savings in indus
trial equities.
Instead Of permitting
swimming parties in full
dress, the administration
should bring to Washington
some old-timers like Bernard
Baruch who would at least
give the impression Of solid
financial thinking at the
White House level. The
strategy now seems to be
a simple order for top aides
to shut up"
If the American people all
at once stop buying and con-
centrate on saving for a rainy
day, we are indeed in for
some trying days.
The only major bill which
now stands a good chance Of
enactment is the postal rate
increase measure. The 87th
Congress very well could go
down in history as the Five
Cent Stamp Congress" The
Republicans could make
Roadway with that one!
Jay Henry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-07-01
FROM THE STAR FILES. .

carnage. The steady roar of
cannon and the sharp, quick
ring of musketry, now burst
ing into volleys now degen-
Grating to that rasping noise
made by file firing. filled the
whole air. The darkness was
lit up by the fitful flashes,
and. to complete the awful
picture. the woods were set
on fire BY bursting shells
and conflagration painted
fiery terrors on the sky. :"