davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
Great Cultural Asset

A sound military principle calls for
preservation Of the home front to sup
port new expeditions. This is equally
necessary in efforts for general better
ment. The laudable moves to increase
the cultural opportunities in our city
are an example. Many people, from the
White House and the Capitol and every
where, have supported such projects as
the Cultural Center, an adequate opera
house, new art galleries and other VEN
lures planned for the future. This is
most welcome. But sight should not be
lost of the need to preserve and even
to increase the effectiveness of one Of
the most fundamental parts of our
cultural life-the National Symphony
Orchestra. The orcheStra's annual sus-
tanning fund campaign is beginning,
and the month Of March has been des-
ignated as the time for the residential
drive.
The orchestra is so well known here
that it may be taken for granted. This
should not be. Washington should
realize that the orchestra is one of the
great orcheStras of the country, that it
has extended its services to this COM
munity to such an extent that last sea-
son it performed 174 times before audi
ences totaling more than 100000
The orchestra's annual budget is
now $970,000. Seventy per cent of this
is earned through the box office, the
balance being raised in the sustaining
fund campaign. Any orchestra earning
so per cent of its budget is considered
successful. This is, as everyone knows,
because of the fact that if ticket prices
alone were counted upon to support the
orchestra the price per ticket would be
prohibitive and the purpose of acquaint-
ing the oncoming generations with good
music would be defeated
We are fortunate that the orchestra
has enjoyed wide support; last year
more than 10000 people contributed to
the campaign. The figure should be
even larger this year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
An End to The Troubles

The decision of the underground
Irish Republican Army to end its sense
less war Of terror in the name of Irish
unity is tribute, even If not so meant,
to the people and the leaders of the
politically divided island For on neither
side OF the frontier that stands between
independent Fire and the six counties
OF Northern Ireland that remain part
OF the United Kingdom has there been
public support for, or fear of, what has
amounted to an outlaw effort at con-
quest.
1t has, at the most, accomplished
only scores of killings, some of them in
cowardly fashion, a needless destruction
OF property that had no strategic mean
ing, and considerable expenditures by
the governments in Dublin and Belfast
IN the effort to establish responsible
order on the common frontier. In
Northern Ireland, the target for this
campaign Of violence, there is reason to
Sbelieve 1t has only hardened the deter
n1ination to preserve partition-a view
which was, in fact, expressed by a
spokesman of the Fire government, the
Minister of Justice, in referring to the
IRA terrorism as conducive to the per-
petuation instead of the abolition of the
border"
Actually, in its own country the
IRA was first declared an outlaw
organization in 1881 and this status
was reaffirmed in 1885 by Prime
Minister canon de Valera, himself a
leader in the fight for Irish independ-
ence and eventual unity. Since the
movement opened its latest campaign
of hit-andrun violence in the mid
1950s, it has drawn repeated con-
demnation by the Dublin government
and by the Roman Catholic hierarchy.
The fact that IRA membership today
is estimated at less than one hundred,
and with many Of its leaders serving
jail sentences in either North or South
Ireland, is reflection Of its lack of
public support.
There is no doubt that in Fire the
end of partition will remain a popular
cause. If it is ever to be achieved, how
ever, 1t is obvious that it will come only
through voluntary agreement, not by
force imposed on either side. Meanwhile,
the government of Fire itself has
demonstrated in many ways that 1t is
more concerned with its role of repre-
senting sovereign state in the COM
munity of nations than with perpetu-
ating an old struggle with Britain or
with its related Irish people in the
northern counties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
THE PASSING SCENE
BY WILLIAM S. WHITE
Goldberg Is a Man in the Middle

cry at Mr.. Goldberg's recent
public warning that Govern
ment mediation would be no
mere exercise in letting some
George decide 1t all-wheth-
er this George be either la
Dor or management.
The Secretary, indeed, Is
saying that whatever per-
suasive power the Govern
ment has will be directed, in
major industrial disputes, to
asserting the public interest
as a higher interest than
that of either labor or man
agement. This vast third
party-the public-has a new
lawyer here, too.
The Core of His Plan
What Mr.. Goldberg is after
is to help shape labor-man-
agement settlements in the
basic industries, steel and
autos, for examples. in such
a way as to check initiation
but also foot-dragging and
clock-watching by labor, it
self. This latter is not a
highly popular union doc
trine. All the same. 1t is at
the core of Mr.. Goldberg's
plan.
For he is not happy, and
the President is not happy
that American industry is
clearly not as competitive as
it ought to be with some types
of foreign industry, some
times because American labor
scales are too high for the
amount Of goods turned out.
He is trying to assist the
Presidents bipartisan world
trade policy by making sure,
wherever he can, that our
forthcoming trade association
with the European Common
Market will not put Ameri-
can industry at competitive
disadvantage.
He expects, and will get, no
loud or early cheers from
Big Management, which at
the moment is not excessively
fond Of him, either. He is
a man in. the middle here.
His hope can only be that
at length enlightened labor
and enlightened management
will agree that all are better
off if both sides show some
restraint and get on with the
job of improving American
production-and so increas-
ing jobs and buying power
and total national strength.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02

every census report define
these statistical rules but
have not always been consist
ent. Prior to 1850 the Census
Bureau listed as urban" any
city or town that had a popu-
lation in excess Of only 1000
people. In 1850 some 7 million
people were arbitrarily added
to the urban statistic by
changing the definition to
mean any city or town hav-
ing population in excess Of
merely $500 people. In 1860 a
further change brings into
the figure some vague subur-
ban and surrounding areas.
Then, there was added all of
the New England towns"
Thus, by including all of
these and all towns which
had a population of $500
people, whether incorporated
or not, the Census Bureau.
in 1860 came up with a total
urban" population of 500
per cent.
When anyone claims that
z out Of 10 Americans live
in big cities, they are claim
ing that more than 5000
towns and villages are big
cities. For example. the "70
per cent total" includes such
"hio cities" as the following.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02

people was ia million. This
is only OF per cent Of the
total population and is less
than the total number of
people actually living on
farms. If we extend this to
the 81 cities having a popu-
lation Of more than 100000,
there is a total of 28.5 mil
lion people who constitute
only 1853 per cent of the
total population Of the Ma
ton. Even if we double this
figure to take in the wealthy
suburbs which surround each
of these cities we only have
about 80 per cent Of the
total population living in the
larger cities and their metro
politan areas. The other 10
per cent Of the population
seems well content to live in
the rural areas and the
smaller cities and towns. Ac-
cordingly, the true figures
are exactly the reverse of the
published ratio.
There is one other figure
to be found in the Census
statistics. The bureau has
published a table which shows
212 cities which have popu-
lations above $4,000. The
total population of these
equals So million people, less
than one-third of the total
population. BY adding "sur-
rounding territories" how
ever, this figure can be in
creased by imaginative spec
ulation. However, I doubt If
anyone would seriously argue
that the mentioned prob
lens of a few of our biggest
cities can properly be applied
to such communities as
Green Bay, Wis; Orlando,
Fla, and Tyler, Tex, all of.
which are included in this
calculation. :.
Thus, we have had a great
debate designed to change
fundamentally the nature of
our governmental activities.
1t has been endlesSly consid-
cred in the newspapers and
on the air and all of it has
been based upon a "statis-
tic" that is a myth. Possibly
the people would be in a bet
ter position to govern them
selves If we had a few watch
dogs in the news media who
would exercise that eternal
vigilance that is the price
of liberty from the power of
government. Publius.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
Doctor Shortage

% One provision of the Kennedy
health program which fully deserves
action by CongresS-and which, despite
widespread support, has not received it
Ills the program of Federal grants to
assist In the construction of new medi-
cal-school and dental-schpol facilities.
= AS the President pointed out in his
recent health message to Congress, only
six schools of medicine have opened in
The last 10 years, and the number of
graduates has risen over that period a
slcfant Is per cent. One result, of course,
has been shortage of doctors. But even
10 maintain the present ratio of physi-
clans and dentists to the total popula-
ton, according to Mr.. Kennedy, will re-
quire the graduation of so per cent more
doctors and 80 per cent more dentists
by 1870. And to accomplish this, he esti-
mates, at least 20 additional medical
schools and 20 new dental schools will
need to be built.
These are formidable statistics,
which augur serious trouble unless
something in the nature of crash pro-
gram is begun soon to expand teaching
facilities. His proposal for matching
grants, paying for two-thirds of the cost
OF facilities in some instances and half
IN others, has the support of the Ameri-
can Medical Association, which opposes
Federal action in virtually all other
medical matters. This is an indication
OF the need
Nor did President Kennedy exag-
gerate in stressing the need, as a corol-
larry, for financial assistance to increase
the supply of medical students. We be-
Heve he was wrong, however, in throw
ing cold water on loan programs as one
OF these forms of aid. Perhaps for those
worthy students in extreme need, some
kind Of Federal cho1arship program
should be enacted. But the fact that
many doctors may have incurred debts
as large as $4,000 during their four
years in medical school does not in our
Judgment justify the conclusion of the
President that obviously further loans
and further debts are not the answer"
Indeed, the commendable new student
loan program initiated by the ANA,
under which doctors would be able to
repay the debt after they enter prac-
tice, is the sort of approach which offers
a great deal of promise, and which de-
serves, along with other forms of aid,
to be encouraged.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
Blind REINFORCEMENT

The legislative eapportionment-
1t can be called that-which has emerged
from Virginia's dominated Gen.
eral Assembly bears no resemblance to
proposals of the Almond Commission or
of the University of Virginia. Nor is it
based on any fair and reasonable
method of affording all the people of
the State an approximately equal voice
in the Legislature which taxes and
governs them. The proposal represents
blind, unreasoning, sectional legislating
at It's worst.
The disgraceful under-representa-
ton Of Northern Virginia in the AS
Sembly was stressed last year in a Uni
versity of Virginia report which pointed
out that the Fairfax-Falls Church area
now has only q per cent of the repre-
Sentation in the House to which it would
be entitled if population governed the
allotment of delegates. And its senate
rial representation is but "a per cent of
what it ought to be. Arlington and
Alexandria also were listed as among
Jurisdictions short-changed legislatively.
Former Governor Almonds special
COIlullSSlOH recommended plan WHICH,
while not going as far as the university
indicated would be equitable, recon-
mended five additional seats in the As
Sembly for nearby Virginia-about half
the number which the population calls
for. But the commission, recognizing
the difficulty in obtaining approval Of
the Country boys" to any major in
crease of strength among the Getty
boys" proposed what they believed
would be realistic reapportionment.
However, the committees consider
ing the plan ignored all the arguments
in the university and gubernatorial
commission reports and offered scheme
which would still leave Northern Virginia
grossly and shamefully under-repre-
Sented. While Fairfax-Falls Church
would gain one delegate and one sena-
tor and Alexandria would get another
delegate, the number of voters per
legislator would still be far above that
of rural areas. Arlington'S representa-
ton would remain Internationally low.
And the worst part of 1t all is that there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
LETTERS TO THE STAR
Exposes City SIickers From Aio to ZeIienopIe

The debate over the pro-
posed Department of Urban
Affairs has produced an as
tonishing myth that has
been blindly accepted by edi-
tors, columnists and COM
mentators.
At the outset Of the debate
1t was stated that a Depart
ment Of Urban Affairs was
important because more than
10 per cent of our population
resides in urban" areas. The
word urban" was then con-
verified into city" The cities
were then endowed with all
the ills and ailments of a
few Of our worst-run metrop-
olises. After adverse action by
Congress, the President told
a press conference that there
is eventually going to be such
a department because you
have too large a percentage
of our population living in
the city. 10 to rs to 80 per
cent" This statistic" seems
to have been accepted
throughout the country and
editorials have pompously in
toned that ~ out Of 10
Americans live in cities to-
day" Cartoonists, column
lists and TV commentators
have expanded upon this to
convey the idea that Z out
Of 10 Of our citizens live in
huge cities subject to diff
culties Of dying slums, down.
town traffic jams and GRIM
inals roaming from the Bow
cry to Park avenue.
The basic statistic" is
false.
The word urban" does not
mean a huge city. It simply
means "any city or town."
The word "city" means a
large and important town."
The word metropolis" means
the "chief or capital city of
a State. country or region. "
Obviously the problems that
have been discussed relate
only to the largest Of our
cities.
The statistic" of 10 per
cent or 80 per cent that has
been made the basis of all
the arguments in favor of
the plan basically comes
from the arbitrary statistical
rules Of the Census Bureau
which has been keeping fig
ures on urban" and mon
urban" population since early
times. Footnotes appended to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02

Big Labor is discovering an
unpleasant fact Of life. This
is that Big Labor's ex-private
lawyer, Arthur Goldberg. has
a different client now-the
United States of America.
When Arthur Goldberg,
one-time general counsel to
the old CLIO and then special
counsel to the merged ALL
CLIO, became President Ken
nedy's Secretary of Labor,
hallelujahs were heard in
what the old labor fellows
called "the temples of labor"
The assumption was that
labor would now have a spe-
cial Gin" with this man who
in a phrase once used by
old John l.. Lewis in another
connection - had so long
"supped at labor's table,"
The assumption never was
a sound one to those outside
labor who knew Mr.. Gold
berg simply as a professional
man. These people were quite
sure that while Labor At
torney Goldberg had been one
thing, Public Official Gold
berg would be another thing,
altogether. In the old job he
had been necessarily a special
advocate for one side in the
economic struggles in this
country.
In the new job, he has
rightly reckoned that his new
duty is to look after the legit-
innate interests of labor, but,
above and beyond all this, to
have care for the total eco
nomic interest Of the country.
Job Not One Sided
The famous criminal law
yer who occasionally takes a
brief as a special prosecutor
can be quite as tough in that
role as he used to be in the
other. Mr.. Goldberg is not,
Of course, prosecuting labor.
or anything Of the sort. He is
simply saying that he has
not become the Presidents
minister on labor : manage
ment affairs in order to act
as a kind of brother-in-law
to one side-the labor side.
This has put him in grow
ing difficulties with labor
leaders and most particularly
with the most powerful of
them all, George Meany,
president of the combined
AFL-CIO. Mr.. Meany is an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
VoIIey From Right at 'Priestesses of Left

A recent letter by j. Robert
Sellers, lauded two of the
high priestesses of the left,
Mary McGrory and Marya
Names.
I would suggest that Mr..
Sellers might revise his die
tum that certain types Of
people become Democrats,
certain types Republicans"
This requires equating, for
example, Senator Byrd with
Senator H III m phrey, both
Democrats, or Senator Gold
water with Senator Javits,
both Republicans - an OBJ
viouS abSurdity. Party affili-
alton is usually a matter Of
tradition, habit. pocketbook
interest. organization activ-
ity. plain political bribery, or
specific objective Gas, for
example, the identification of
the labor movement with the
Democratic Party. none of
which has anything to do
with types" of people. Mr..
Sellers would be on firmer
ground If he had said that
certain types of people be-
come liberals and certain
types conservatives. Those
affiliations do usually reflect
personality preferences, die
tated by emotion and an in
stinctive choice of values,
rather than conscious intel
lectual judgments, reached
after objective elaboration.
Let us look at the triutn-
plant quoted assertion of
Miss Names that nearly
every major talent in the
United States in the art(s)
or sciences is a Democrat"
This expresses a favorite item
in the liberal dogma, to the
effect that eminence in any
esoteric field automatically
qualities a person as a fount
of political wisdom. (Remem-
Der how we were supposed to
be awed by the superior
sagacity of the Hollywood
crowd in the Kennedy cam
paign of 1902 1t would be
very difficult to prove that
scientists as a class have any
greater political wisdom than
plumbers.
The opposing PHILOSOPHERS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02
A BOOK FOR TODAY
BY DONALD MINTZ
Erotic Woys of Noted Draft Dodqer

money lender Of st. Peters
burg would feel respect and
admiration for Hitler whom,
says Mr.. Smith, "he often
praised at length: There
was a man who knew how to
take charge of things and
run a country, you have to
give him that!"
Rubinstein was an admirer
of Napoleon; he loved to
dress in an expensive Napol-,
comic costume in which he
was forever appearing at
masquerade balls. What he
wanted was everyone at my
disposal"
Mr.. Smith has succeeded
in making Rubinstein live
again. The man is as vivid as
a major figure in a fine novel
and he is, therefore, terrify-
ing as a purely historical,
effectively viewed Character
can never be.
HERE is PART Of the pic
ture of the degeneration that
set in after RubinStein's re-
lease from prison: "He also
stepped up his drinking
His eating was even more
uncontrolled; he would come
in at night and, drunk,
go down into the kitchen, pull
an entire cold duck out OF
the refrigerator and eat it
with his hands, wolfing it
down in a matter Of mo-
ments. Finished, he would
spit on the floor where the
duck bones already reposed.
and reach for, a tin of the
best imported caviar which
he larded into his mouth with
a soup spoon. He might fol-
low that with an unsalted
eel. Along with the food
went more cognac or cham
payne. If he had a girl with
him, he would then take her
upstairs"
Following the lead Of one
Of his principal anonymous
informants, Mr.. Smith con-
siders Rubinstein's basic mo-
tivation to have been an in
tense and immature need to
be above law and society in
the manner of the old Rus
sian nobility to whom his
father, the deSpised Jew, lent
money, and over whom he
had considerable power. Ex-
pounded in detail the case Is
quite convincing.
THE Life and Death Of
Serge Rubinstein" is remark
ably careful and extremely
graphic. AS an individual,
Serge Rubinstein was more
curious than important, but
as a grotesquely exaggerated
vision of human corruption
he is haunting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02

Of liberalism and conserva-
tism will always be with us.
Both have their values, and
both are indispensable to a
well balanced society. AS
philosophers they could
probably get on reasonably
well together, to the benefit
of all. It is when they be-
come identified with political
parties that the mischief oc-
ours. Then they get involved
in the struggle for power to
enforce conformity. They
begin lying about each other,
obstinately refuse to try to
understand each other, adopt
positions and practices in
volving gross hypocrisy, and
go far beyond the bounds of
decent controversy to make
the other side look bad-all
because there are votes at
stake.
Nor is it advisable to ex-
pect to sheer away the young
conservatives. This writer
remembers the early years of
this century, when the first
STRINGS of "revolt on the
campus" against entrenched
conservatism were just as
disreputable, poorly focused
and chaotic as the new revolt
against entrenched liberalism
is today. 1t has happened
before, and will happen
again, If not today, soon, be-
cause that is the way human
nature operates.
C. Glenn WhitlOck.
Il \ y
I am now weary of the
abuse being ladled over the
Republican Party by sundry
analysts, including even
members of the G. o. P. itself.
But the recent space given to
excerpts of Marya Names
gibes at US really plugged me.
Certain in my own mind
that we are not inclined to
be pious and solemn and very
unfunhy," I conducted an in
formal poll of my friends
'(both of themD and they as
sured me that they consid-
cred me pious and funny.
Anyone who saw Nixon on
the Paar show recently found
him to be a man Of scintillat-
ing wit. Or Miss Names
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1962-03-02

@. On what date did the
Supreme Court rule that the
Standard Oil Company must
be split up? d. j.
A. May Is, 1911. The ST.
preme Courts decision, read
by Chief Justice White, up
held the 1909 decision of a
Missouri Federal Circuit
Court that the company had
been guilty of unreasonable
restraint of trade. The Su-
preme Court ordered the
company split into "a sepa-
rate concerns within the fol-
lowing six months, but did
not prohibit normal business
relations between the various
companies.