davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Our Choice, Too

The landslide victory scored by Sen
ator Bible in Nevada'S Democratic pri-
mary, which upset predictions of a close
race, is of interest in Washington for
two reasons.
First, it is good to see a Senator of
the stature and ability of Mr.. Bible re-
affirmed so strongly by his own party.
We hope he does as we'll in the Novem-
Der elections. Secondly, the victory is
immensely gratifying to residents of the
Nations Capital in view of Senator
Bibles long, effective land, we trust,
to-be-continued) service as chairman of
the Senate District Committee.
We hope, Furthermore, that this
latter point is duly noted by other Sen
ators, as well as members of the House
and particularly by those who on occa-
sion have expressed the view that con-
tinued membership on the District Com
mitteeS, requiring time which could be
devoted to the fences back home, is
form Of political hara-kiri. For the
fact is that Senator Bibles opponent in
the primary made quite to-do about
the time which the Senator spends on
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Red China Boqs q U-2

e.. We do not suppose anyone in his
right mind will take seriously Commu-
mist China'S charge that the loss of a
U-2 over Red territory is "clear new
evidence" that the United States is sac
lively preparing to launch a new war"
in the Far East.
This incident, on the contrary, is
proof Of two quite different things. One
is that Nationalist China, constantly
threatened with a war of liberation"
by Peiping, is trying to keep an eye on
the enemys military activities. The
other is that the U-2 may be about
finished as valuable reconnaissance
tool
For years, this high-flying plane
was of great usefulness-not in any ag-
gressive sense, but rather as a means
of keeping abreast of many military de-
Telopments in those countries whose
leaders were threatening to bury us.
Certainly, this calls for no apologies.
But If Communist China actually has
shot down U-2 flying at its maximum
altitude, then the usefulness of this
plane must be virtually ended. There
is possibility, Of course, that the pilot
detected in the hope of collecting the
large reward promised by the Commu-
1lists, or that the plane, for some un-
known reason, was flying at lower
than-maximum altitude when hit. 1t
is more reasonable to believe, however,
that the U-2 was hit by one of the
remarkable" new rockets to which Mr..
Khrushchev referred at the time of the
Francis Gary Powers affair. And the
Russians, If they want to share them,
could very well have enough of these
weapons now to guard key installations
anywhere in Communist territory.
If so, the day of the U-2 is over,
and the plane will have to be retired
with high honors for important past
services. But this, of course, does not
mean that the grim game of recon-
naissance and espionage has ended.
Both sides will continue to play it, using
newer techniques as the older methods
become obsolete.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Thinking Big

There is some truth, of course, In
the observation Of British journalist
that "the American economy isn't all
that closely tied to tail fins"
Even so, the number of tail fins
or, more specifically, of the automobiles
to which they are attached-do provide
significant measurement of the vigor
of our national economy. Consequently
the economic analysts, as well as the
stock market, responded cheerfully to
recent predictions by auto manufactur-
ers on production and sales of new
passenger cars in 1868.
Among the Big Three, optimism in
creased in the order of public comment.
First to speak, at a press preview of his
company'S new models, was Chrysler
president Linn A. Townsend, who con-
tented himself with relatively modest
forecast that 1868 will be IAN excellent
auto year." One of Mr.. TownSend'S
first decisions upon taking over the
company presidency recently was to
increase greatly the budget for styling
and adornments to the ChrysIer line.
Next to speak up was Ford Motors vice
president and general manager, Lee A.
Iacocca, with working estimate" that
there would be 62 million to ga million
neW-car sales, including between 100000
and 350,0o0 imports.
Both of these were topped, however,
by Semon E. Knudsen, vice president of
General Motors and son of the late
William S. Knudsen, himself a giant
among General Motors production
chiefs. Predicting that the national
economy next year will be strong" Mr..
S. E. KnudSen added: with continued
consumer confidence and a growing
economy, we see no reason why the
current sales level (rate) for the in
dustry should not be maintained in
1868, or about 7 million passenger cars,
including between 100000 and 100000
imports"
Even predictions on tail fins" can
go aStray, no doubt, but it is significant
that those quoted are being made at
the time the industry is changing over
to its new styles and is setting up it's
production schedules to fit its own best
judgment as to demand Actually, the
auto industry has been one of the
strong Segments in this years economy.
1t will be carrying its full share next
year, and only slightly below its record
performance in 1855, if Mr.. Knudsen's
forecast, or even those of his COM
petitors, prove out.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Machine Aqe

When Eric Sevareid raises
his cry of anguish because
modern life pushes us back to
medieval conditions in his
column. When Progress Isn't
Progress" he seems to
see neither rational cause nor
remedy for our destruction
Of human dignity.
Could it be that we are
regressing because we start
everything at the wrong end?
We design housing and office
buildings to produce the
highest investment return,
transportation to please Det-
roit.
We solve every equation
before human needs are even
mentioned. We insist on
consumption for the sake of
production, forgetting that
consumers are men and pro-
ducers used to be men, but
today are mostly machines.
Perhaps chronological un-
employment will give to
many of us a think break"
so we can add a little know
why" to our all-too-powerful
derationalized "know-how."
Melita Rodeck, A. I. A.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
History Refresher

Robert c. Mullen's knowl-
edge of United States his
tory is somewhat incomplete.
There are one or two pages
in it's folds that are at least
no less "reprehensible" than
the vengeance of Thaddeus
Stevens and the near-im-
peachment of Andrew john
son.
For example, the tricky
treatment accorded the In
dians is a study in deceit and
double-crossing. The inde-
pendence of Texas was won
largely with American arms,
literally and figuratively.
The refusal of the noble
trainers of the Bill of Rights
to include black men within
its inspiring scope permitted
a satanic and Shiny system
of slavery to develop whose
eradication almost wrecked
the Nation and whose conse-
quences are still current.
J. w. Haywood, Jr.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Our Image Abroad

Constantine Brown seems
obseSsed with the theme:
Certain reliable sources" in
Europe inform him that
Europeans, while retaining
an admiration for the Amer
ican people as a whole. are
totally disenchanted with
the efforts of this admin
stration to come to an ac-
commodation with the So
vietS on Berlin, nuclear test
ing, etc. The implication is,
that our prestige has hit a
new low with most Euro
peans, who want to replace
our soft attitude with a
more trigger-happy one.
Certainly Mr.. Brown is
entitled to his opinion. But
when he claims that opinion
10 be representative Of the
popular thought of a whole
community of nations, the
matter must be looked into.
Do Europeans really share
his attitude? No other re-
ports seem to indicate this.
Furthermore, common sense
is repulsive to the idea that
most Europeans, whose con-
tinent would be obliterated
in war, would prefer a sui
cidal trigger-happy policy to
a peaceful one.
Richard ii. Capet.
Evening star., 1962-09-11

would very much like to
know" ....
= %&
An acoustical method of
recovering test mines as long
as two years after they are
planted on the sea floor a
mile under the surface has
been developed by Navy
scientists.
BY means Of three small
explosive charges fired in a
pre-selected time sequence
from a plane or ship it has
been found that any one of
Is moored mines and its
mooring cable can be raised
without affecting the other
IA. The method was devel-
oped at the Naval Ordnance
Laboratory to facilitate re-
covery of mines for evalua-
ton of new components
tested in them.
Operation Explained
The key to the new method
Is a unit called the under
water coded command re-
lease system which Is COM
posed of a receiving hydro
phone, several batteries with
an expected life time Of two
years, a time coder and an
explosive driver. These units
are fitted into the anchor of
each of Is test mine as
semblieS which are planted
as a group in deep water.
Each mine assembly has an
inert mine case, a mile long
mooring cable moored on a
drum and an anchor.
When it is desired to raise
a specific mine in the group
explosive charges are deto-
mated on the surface in the
proper time sequence as much
as a mile away from the
dummy mine field. The re-
sulting acouStical signal
causes the corresponding
time coder to generate an
output pulse which fires the
explosive driver. This un-
locks a device on the mooring
cable drum and permits the
mooring cable to pay out and
the buoyant mine case to rise
to the surface for recovery.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
THE POLITICAL MILL
Cuba in Our Political Mill
By GOULD LINCOLN

ton Of a Cuban Freedom Le-
gion in Exile, whose ranks
would be open to all Latin
American nationals"
ROckefeller's Proposal
How much - If any - of
such a program the President
and his advisers are willing
to accept is still a matter
of doubt. Almost immedi-
ately after the failure of the
invasion attempt by the Gu
ban Freedom Fighters, which
the President permitted but
for which he failed to give
or allow proper support, Gov.
Rockefeller of New York came
to Washington to offer his
assistance to the President
and advised the establish
ment Of a Cuban govern
ment in exile, its recognition
by the United States and
other Latin-American coun-
tries, with the ultimate pur--
pose a united attack on the
Castro Communist govern
ment. That was over a year
ago. Rather, the policy of
the administration has been
or seemed to be-to give
Castro enough rope and his
government would die on the
vine. Such a policy has
proved its worthlessnesS.
Cuba today has 100000 men
in its armed forces, a larger
number than in any other
American country except the
United States. Further, Com
munist Russia has now COM
mitted itself to arming the
Castroites, and to economic
aid.
The administration has
confined itself to economic
pressure against Cuba, to a
program of economic assist
ance to Latin-American
countries through the Al
lance for Progress, and to
an eventual strengthening of
the Organization of Ameri-
can States and its support in
the drive against Communist
Cuba. Very little has been ac-
complished. 1t is, or should
be. no surprise that the Gu
ban situation is raising its
head in the present politi-
cal campaign. The Republi-
cans are saying they do not
wish to make a partisan is
sue, that they will sup
port President Kennedy in
any move against Communist
aggression, either in the Ber-
lin area or in Cuba. They
are not expected to make any
serious opposition to the Pres
ident's request for author
ity to call UP 10000 mill
tary reServistS now and un-
til February %, 1862, in the
event an emergency arises.
They will want to know, how
ever, the reasons justifying
such a request. In an emer-
gency the President already
has the authority to do Just
this thing.
Senator Dodd, after point
ing to the Communist infil-
tration in other Latin-Ameri-
can countries besides Cuba,
had this ominous comment:
THE fact is that we are los
ing the cold war in Latin
America; and we shall con-
tinue to lose it so long as
we use foreign aid, unsup-
ported by vigorous political
action, as the chief instru-
ment of American policy"
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Let Us-Not-Proy'

Your September 2 editorial,
Let Us-Not-Pray," on the
Supreme Courts prayer de-
cision, aids and abets public
misunderstanding of what
the court held. 1t matters
not one whit whether a pray
er prescribed by the State is
an original composition, part
of "The Star-Spangled Ban
ner" or an excerpt from the
Constitution or Declaration
Of Independence. The point
is that the State has no right
to impose prayers Of any
ind-this is a function of
the church and family.
1t would appear to be clear
from the courts decision
that it is perfectly proper to
have school children sing the
national anthem, study and
recite portions of the Con-
stitution and Declaration Of
Independence. be taught lit
erary passages from Shake
speare or the Bible contain
ing references to a deity, or
use any other material Of
educational value which con-
tains similar references.
But when the State turns
these sources into a prayer
it violates basic constitution
al principles of separation of
church and state. There is
nothing SILLY" in the dis
tinction and New York's edu-
cation commissioner, James
E. Allen, is to be commend
ed for understanding a sim
pie and basic point which is
apparently beyond The Stars
comprehension.
Milt0n F. Tunch-
Evening star., 1962-09-11
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Looking Into Mysteries of Sight
By THOMAS R. HENRY

How animals-and men
really see now is being in
vestigated by Air Force scien-
fists and collaborators all
over the world. A varied as
sortment of colors, shapes
and sizes strikes the retina
Of the eye. Somehow they
are combined into a pattern
"a recognizable person,
landscape, etc.
1t all happens somewhere,
somehow, between the retina
and the visual cortex of the
brain. An understanding is
of considerable Importance in
devising new electronic auto
mata.
1--WE do not know" accord
ing to a report by DR.. Harvey
E Savely of the Air Force
Life Sciences Directorate,
what transformations are
made by the network of nerve
cells associated with the
retina nor the further trans
formations carried out on
the messages reaching the
brain. In short, we do not
know how animals recognize
and perceive form.
Mature has devised nu-
merouS solutions of the prob
lem apparently by means of
independent inventions, such
as the camera eyes of spiders,
mollusks and vertebrates, and
the compound eyes Of several
classes of insects"
Other Tests Made
Air Force studies on the
eye of the octopus now are
underway in Chile. Another
Air Force grantee is study
ing the interactions in the
monkey brain from various
kinds Of visual stimuli. Un-
der another grant biologists
at the University of Tubingen
in Germany are investigating
the vision of beetles. Under
other grants vision of in
Sects is being investigated at
oxford University in Eng
land. Vision of spiders is un-
der investigation at the Uni
versity of Pisa in Italy.
"It must be admitted" says
DR.. Savely, that up to now
the tools and concepts of
biology that could be ap-
piled effectively to these
problems do not offer too
much encouragement. Biolo-
gistS still are enough i'm
pressed by the difficulties not
to offer any early break
throughs.
"Is there a universal law
Of information handling en-
ployed by nature in all these
cases or are there several
ways the problem can be
solved? Students of automata
Evening star., 1962-09-11
LETTERS TO THE STAR.

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry ,Driters' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condensd-
ton. Those not used tUiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. When was buffalo last
hunted commercially?-T. L.
A. Some commercial buf-
falo hunting was done on the
northern plains in the early
1880s; most southern herds
were too nearly wiped out by
then to provide good hunting.
1t was only in 1872 that COM
mercial hunting really be-
came big business, when
buffalo hides were in great
demand.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Nothing Moqic'.

your eOlCOrlal NOCnlng
Magic, in the August S is
sue Of your otherwise fine
newspaper, makes one won-
der how thinking people can
be taken in by the scheme
advocated by District High
way people to construct their
proposed Three Sisters
Bridge with such haste. Re-
member, they, not Virginia,
are the proponents of this
crossing and the extravagant
highway network which it en-
tails and which. if con-
structed, will only serve to
pour more autos and trucks
into the already choked Dis
trict streets.
Representative Whitener'S
subcommittee report on the
Accelerated D. c. Highway
Program" presents the most
convincing arguments for So
Der consideration of where
we. are going. 1t states, in
part, "The explanations of
the Highway Department are
totally unbelievable" the
reasons given by the District
government for acceleration
of these projects are unim-
preSSive in the light of the
heretofore expressed intent
OF Congress in enacting the
META legislation" no
recent all-inclusive' traffic
surveys have been made on
which reliable forecasts of
future requirements Of the
National Capitol region can
be hinged e.. the Planning
Commission has not approved
-. Three Sisters Bridge"
In the face of such state
ments, how can it be asserted,
THE arguments in favor of
the Three Sisters Bridge are
so compelling that it is sur
prising that any doubt re-
mains -? Grave doubts
do exist; we know not where
we are nor whittier we are
going. An old adage of the
sea, which could we'll be
followed by landlubbers and
highwaymen, is IF you are
IN a fog in restricted waters
and don't know where you
are, anchor!"
Let's use a little common
sense, give the National Capt.
tai Transportation Agency a
chance to do the job for
which Congress created 1t,
and not be stampeded into
precipitate action merely be-
cause funds are available
like the little boy whose
money was burning a hole in
his pocket!
Capt. r. w. Curtis,
Executive Vice-President, Ar
lingtonians for Preservation
OF the Palisades
Editors Note: District
highway officials are "the
proponents" of the Three
Sisters BRIDGE largely because
they, not Virginia, have the
obligation to build it. Vir-
ginians, however, predomi-
nantly will benefit. It is sig
nlficant, furthermore, that
the Arlington County Board
now is in agreement that
new Interstate Route 66 must
pass through Arlington
County to the Potomac River.
II this is the case, as appears
inevitable, an additional
bridge at the Three Sisters
location will be essential to
accommodate the mammoth
volumes of trafficD
Evening star., 1962-09-11

District of Columbia affairs. We are
not so rash as to suggest that this
commendable and wholly necessary
service was Of any great assistance to
Mr.. Bible in his victory. But certainly
the outcome should scotch the old wives
tale that such service is a kiss of death.
Evening star., 1962-09-11
Inspired by Frost

When Robert Frost his
neighbor's wall decries, THAT
worthy partisan Of privacy
Cannot be moved from his
philosophy; / Good fences
make good neighbors', he re-
plies.
But going to the opposite
extreme, When young San
juan forgot diplomacy ! He
fabricated a monstrosity;/
Good neighbors make good
fences, 1t would seem.
Helen Who'll Patterson.
Evening star., 1962-09-11

Lack Of strong leadership
by the Kennedy administra-
ton in the Cuban situation
appears destined to go into
the present political cam
paign. Members of Congress
are getting the word from the
people back home by tele-
gram, letter and personal in
terview. Indeed, the people
themselves are making the
issue. And the criticism goes
all the way back to the fl
aSco of the attempted inva-
sion by anti-Castro Cubans
at the Bay Of Pigs. The steady
growth of Communist control
in the island - marked re-
Gently by the announcement
the the Russians are send
ing war material and per-
sonnel to aid the Fidel Cas-
tro government-has aroused
many Americans. Various
measures, including demands
for United States invasion to
throw the Communists out
and stronger blockades and
further economic pressureS,
have been proposed by mem
bers of Congress.
President Kennedy at a re-
cent press conference, stated
his opposition to an inva-
sion Of Cuba-at this or any
time. This statement did not
include failure of strong
armed action if there should
be Castro aggression against
our naval base at Guantan-
amo Bay, or other aggression
against the United States. He
said we are carefully watch
ing to learn whether t he
Russian military build-up Of
the Communists in Cuba
really endangers the security
of the United States. He has
warned Castro that any at
tempt to lend military aid
or other assistance to Com
munist blocs in other Latin
American countries would be
resisted. This is as far as
he has gone.
Exile Program
The President at his press
conference was replying to a
question about a statement
made by Republican Senator
Capehart of Indiana urging
invasion of Cuba as the an
swer to the problem of free
ing the Cuban people from
Communist domination. Yes
terday Democratic Senator
Dodd Of Connecticut, a mem
Der Of the Senate Foreign Re-
lations, urged on the Senate
floor a program that could
well lead to invasion by Gu
bans now in exile and aided
by this country. The six points
Of this program included a
declaration by this country
"of freedom and independence
for the Cuban people" A
second point proposed the
establishment and recogni-
ton (by the United States)
Of a provisional Cuban gov
ernment in exile, committed
to holding free elections un-
der OAS auspices.
Senator Dodd also pro-
posed invoking the Monroe
Doctrine to proclaim a total
embargo on shipments of
Communist material and mil
itary personnel to Cuba. And
open assistance to the Cuban
freedom fighters, including
support to the underground
and guerrilla movement in
Cuba and "the public crea-
Evening star., 1962-09-16
in VineHe

the supported plostic with the soft touch,
the luxury feel! Built by the noster
cioftsmen of the House Of Moore, with
kiln-dried hordwood fromes. blocked COR
ners for longer life. They'll stoy new
ond beautiful, too, becouse VineIle wears
like iron, wipes cIeon in O jiffy! Your
choice of three glowing colors: corol.
beige, gold!
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1962-09-20

president of the Columbia Broadcasting Sys
strongly against the bill which would sharply
postal publications He did this though
broadasng would directly affected because eff the freedom
endangered the freedom Of all others
The effect of the increases would be nothing short of calam
particularly smaller and
newspapers Mr. Stanton used this striking example of that fact
year wenown publications Harpers Magazine,
Monthly Catholic Digest Saturday Review
with combined profit Of $4,000 the proposed postal
the magazines would have 900
mailing ten times than they earned
Actually the office designed to operate
profitable every operation basic
carrying the mail and publications
senta public purpose legitimate claim public fl
nanca support
could be made in the deficit in function
basic which purely commercial which is compe
with seusanng taxpayng private enterprise and which
makes no public information enlightenment ed
Its rates should be raised TO the point
where they honestly providing the service
direct and indirect alike
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1962-09-20
TOO MUCH BUREAUCRATIC POWER

influential groups in this country numbering among
high office whose major goal is to inerject the
regulatory the and into the a
fairs citizens philosophy this would to be
many perhaps the producers and sellers of commod
sharpers perhaps most
competents what they whether they're
being sung not
Take example the proposal establish Department
This cabineeve authority would investigate
services the quality
suitability goods and he degree to which the trade and
commerce satisfying
needs goods and services"
practically the whole of the country
investigation precedent
ingIess regulations of
every would be that producers
longer make and distribute what
they wanted and would longer be
buy they bureau agreed
with their judgment
Freedom freedom. Excessive need
regulation S its eternal